UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 8-K

 

 

CURRENT REPORT

Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported): November 3, 2016

 

 

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   001-33451   90-0136863

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation)

 

(Commission File

Number)

 

(IRS Employer

Identification No.)

 

50 Milk Street, 16th Floor

Boston, Massachusetts

  02109
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

(857) 415-4774

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Biodel Inc.

100 Saw Mill Road

Danbury, Connecticut 06810

(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)

 

 

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:

 

Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)

 

Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))

 

Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

 

 

 


Item 2.01 Completion of Acquisition or Disposition of Assets.

The Transaction

On November 3, 2016, Albireo Pharma, Inc., formerly known as “Biodel Inc.” (the “Company”), completed its business combination with Albireo Limited (together with its direct and indirect subsidiaries, as applicable, “Albireo”) in accordance with the terms of the Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016 (the “Exchange Agreement”), by and among the Company, Albireo and the shareholders and noteholders of Albireo. Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, each holder of Albireo shares or notes convertible into Albireo shares sold their shares of Albireo for newly issued shares of the Company’s common stock (the “Transaction”) and, as a result, Albireo became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Also on November 3, 2016, in connection with, and prior to completion of, the Transaction, the Company effected a 1-for-30 reverse stock split of its common stock (the “Reverse Stock Split”) and, following the completion of the Transaction, changed its name to “Albireo Pharma, Inc.” Following the completion of the Transaction, the business of the Company became the business conducted by Albireo, which is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel bile acid modulators to treat orphan pediatric liver diseases and other liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders. Unless otherwise noted, all references to share amounts in this Current Report on Form 8-K reflect the Reverse Stock Split.

Under the terms of the Exchange Agreement, at the closing of the Transaction (the “Closing”), the Company issued an aggregate of 4,156,449 shares of its common stock to Albireo shareholders, based on an exchange ratio of 0.06999 shares of the Company’s common stock for each Albireo ordinary share outstanding immediately prior to the Closing. The exchange ratio was determined through arms-length negotiations between the Company and Albireo.

Pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, immediately prior to the Closing, certain existing investors in Albireo purchased $10.0 million of Albireo’s Series C voting preference shares (the “Albireo Series C Investment”). The Series C voting preference shares converted into ordinary shares of Albireo, which were then exchanged for shares of the Company’s common stock in the Transaction.

Immediately following the Reverse Stock Split and the Closing, there were approximately 6,294,725 shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding, and the former Albireo shareholders beneficially owned approximately 4,156,449 outstanding shares, or 66.0%, of the Company’s common stock outstanding. The officers and directors of the Company prior to the Closing are subject to lock-up agreements and all of the former Albireo shareholders (now stockholders of the Company) are subject to lock-up provisions in the Exchange Agreement. Pursuant to the lock-up restrictions, the officers and directors of the Company prior to the Closing and the former Albireo shareholders have agreed, except in limited circumstances, not to offer, pledge, sell or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, or engage in swap or similar transactions with respect to, shares of the Company’s common stock, including, as applicable, shares received in the Transaction, other than an aggregate of approximately 679,515 shares of the Company’s common stock tying back to the Albireo Series C Investment, for a period of 180 days following the Closing.

In addition, effective upon the Closing, the holders of unexercised Albireo stock options or warrants immediately prior to the Closing (excluding Albireo’s lender) were issued replacement stock options (“Replacement Options”) to purchase an aggregate of 351,545 shares of the Company’s common stock.

The Company’s common stock, which is listed on The NASDAQ Capital Market, traded through the close of business on Thursday, November 3, 2016 under the ticker symbol “BIOD,” and continues trading on The NASDAQ Capital Market, on a post-Reverse Stock Split adjusted basis, under the ticker symbol “ALBO” beginning on Friday, November 4, 2016. The Company’s common stock is represented by a new CUSIP number, 01345P106.

The foregoing description of the Exchange Agreement contained herein does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the Exchange Agreement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 2.1 and incorporated herein by reference.

 

1


The information set forth in Item 5.02 regarding the indemnification agreements is incorporated by reference into this Item 2.01.

Item 2.03 Creation of a Direct Financial Obligation or an Obligation under an Off-Balance Sheet Arrangement of a Registrant.

On December 17, 2014, Albireo entered into a loan facility agreement with Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited (“Kreos”) enabling Albireo to borrow up to $7.3 million (€6.0 million). The loan facility has a term of 36 months, with principal and interest payable monthly after an initial six-month interest-only period. Interest accrues at an annual rate of 11.5%. In addition, Albireo is required to make an end-of-loan payment equal to 1.25% of the amounts borrowed from Kreos. On the date of the agreement, Albireo borrowed the full $7.3 million (€6.0 million). In February 2016, Albireo and Kreos amended the loan facility to reduce principal repayments for a period of six months. In May 2016, Albireo and Kreos entered into a supplemental deed (the “Kreos Supplemental Deed”) which provided that the loan facility would, subject to the satisfaction of specified conditions, be further amended and restated in connection with the Transaction (the “Amended Kreos Loan Facility”). As of June 30, 2016, the outstanding balance due on the loan facility, including interest and the end-of-loan payment, was $5.7 million (€5.1 million).

Pursuant to the terms of the Amended Kreos Loan Facility, subject to certain exceptions, Albireo and certain members of its group (the “Albireo Group”) cannot engage in specified transactions unless certain conditions are met or Albireo receives the prior approval of Kreos. These transactions include disposing of business or certain assets; entering into licensing arrangements regarding the Albireo Group’s intellectual property, other than on an arms’ length basis in the ordinary course of business where the proceeds of an arrangement are used for the business; certain changes to the Albireo Group’s business or ownership; incurring additional debt or liens or making payments on other debt; making certain investments and declaring dividends; being acquired by or merging with another entity (but expressly excluding the Transaction); engaging in some transactions with affiliates; or encumbering intellectual property.

On November 4, 2016, as contemplated by the Kreos Supplemental Deed, the Company entered into a guaranty and security agreement with Kreos (the “Kreos Security Agreement”) pursuant to which Albireo’s obligations under the Amended Kreos Loan Facility are secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets. If Albireo defaults under the Amended Kreos Loan Facility, including for an inability to repay amounts as they become due, and Albireo is unable to obtain a waiver for such a default, Kreos would have a right to accelerate Albireo’s obligation to repay the entire loan and foreclose on the assets secured under the Kreos Security Agreement in order to satisfy Albireo’s obligations under the Amended Kreos Loan Facility.

The foregoing description of the Kreos Supplemental Deed, the Amended Kreos Loan Facility and the Kreos Security Agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Kreos Supplemental Deed and Amended Kreos Loan Facility, which are attached hereto as Exhibit 10.1 and incorporated herein by reference, and the Kreos Security Agreement, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 10.2 and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.02 Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities.

Pursuant to the Transaction and in accordance with the Exchange Agreement, the Company issued newly issued shares of its common stock to Albireo shareholders, based on an exchange ratio of 0.06999 shares of the Company’s common stock for each Albireo ordinary share outstanding immediately prior to the Closing. The number of shares issued, the nature of the transaction, and the nature and amount of consideration received by the Company are described in Item 2.01 of this Current Report on Form 8-K, which is incorporated by reference into this Item 3.02. Such sales were exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), relating to sales by an issuer not involving any public offering.

In addition, on November 4, 2016, the Company issued a warrant to purchase 67,271 shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price of $11.78 per share (the “Kreos Warrant”) to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited (“Kreos Capital”), in replacement of the warrant instrument issued by Albireo to Kreos Capital pursuant to a warrant instrument dated December 18, 2014, as amended on October 1, 2015. The Kreos Warrant is subject to weighted-average anti-dilution protection and will be exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance of November 4, 2016. The issuance of the Kreos Warrant was exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act, relating to sales by an issuer not involving any public offering.

 

2


The foregoing description of the Kreos Warrant is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Kreos Warrant, which is attached hereto as Exhibit 4.1 and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 3.03. Material Modification to Rights of Security Holders.

As disclosed below under Item 5.07, at the reconvened annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders held on November 3, 2016, the Company’s stockholders approved an amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, as amended (the “Restated Certificate”), to effect the Reverse Stock Split (the “Split Amendment”). Additionally, pursuant to the approval by the Company’s board of directors on November 3, 2016, the Company filed an additional amendment to the Company’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation to change the Company’s name from “Biodel Inc.” to “Albireo Pharma, Inc.” (the “Name Change Amendment”).

On November 3, 2016, immediately prior to the Closing, the Company filed the Split Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and, immediately after the Closing, the Company filed the Name Change Amendment with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. As a result of the Reverse Stock Split, the number of issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split was reduced into a smaller number of shares, such that every 30 shares of the Company’s common stock held by a stockholder immediately prior to the Reverse Stock Split were combined and reclassified into one share of the Company’s common stock. Immediately following the Reverse Stock Split and the Transaction, there were approximately 6,294,725 shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding.

No fractional shares were issued in connection with the Reverse Stock Split. Any fractional shares resulting from the Reverse Stock Split were rounded down to the nearest whole number, and each stockholder who would otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a share of common stock upon the Reverse Stock Split (after aggregating all fractions of a share to which such stockholder would otherwise be entitled) is, in lieu thereof, entitled to receive a cash payment at a price equal to the fraction to which the stockholder would otherwise be entitled multiplied by the closing price of the common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market on November 2, 2016.

The foregoing description of the Split Amendment and Name Change Amendment is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the Split Amendment and Name Change Amendment, copies of which are attached hereto as Exhibit 3.1 and Exhibit 3.2, respectively, and incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4.01 Change in Registrant’s Certifying Accountant.

As discussed below under Item 5.03, as a result of the Transaction, the Company’s board of directors decided to change the Company’s fiscal year end from September 30 to December 31. At the completion of the Transaction on November 3, 2016, the audit committee of the Company’s board of directors approved the dismissal of BDO USA, LLP (“BDO”) as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm once it completes the audit of Biodel Inc. for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016. At the completion of the Transaction, on November 3, 2016, the Company’s board of directors engaged Ernst & Young LLP (“E&Y”) as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2016.

The reports of BDO on the Company’s financial statements for each of the two fiscal years ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 did not contain an adverse opinion or a disclaimer of opinion, nor were they qualified or modified as to uncertainty, audit scope or accounting principles.

In connection with the audits of the Company’s financial statements for each of the two fiscal years ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 and the pending audit of the Company’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016 and the subsequent interim period through November 2, 2016, there were no “disagreements” (as that term is defined in Item 304(a)(1)(iv) of Regulation S-K and related instructions) between the Company and BDO on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or auditing scope or procedure which, if not resolved to the satisfaction of BDO, would have caused BDO to make reference to the subject matter of the disagreement in its reports.

 

3


The Company provided BDO with a copy of the disclosures it is making in this Current Report on Form 8-K and requested that BDO furnish the Company with a letter addressed to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) stating whether it agrees with the statements contained herein. BDO’s letter, dated November 3, 2016, is filed as Exhibit 16.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Item 5.01 Changes in Control of Registrant.

The information set forth in Item 2.01 regarding the Transaction and the information set forth in Item 5.02 regarding the Company’s board of directors and executive officers following the Transaction are incorporated by reference into this Item 5.01.

Item. 5.02 Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers.

Directors

In accordance with the Exchange Agreement, on November 3, 2016, effective immediately prior to the Closing, each of Barry Ginsberg, M.D., Ph.D., Ira W. Lieberman, Ph.D., Daniel Lorber, M.D., and Arlene Morris resigned from the Company’s board of directors and committees of the board of directors on which they respectively served, which resignations were not the result of any disagreements with the Company relating to the Company’s operations, policies or practices.

The Exchange Agreement provides that at or immediately after the Closing, the size of the Company’s board of directors will be fixed at seven members consisting of two members designated by the Company, who are Julia R. Brown and Davey S. Scoon, and five members designated by Albireo. In accordance with the Exchange Agreement, at the Closing on November 3, 2016, the board of directors and its committees were reconstituted, with Michael Gutch, Ph.D. and Denise Scots-Knight, Ph.D. appointed as Class I directors of the Company whose terms expire at the Company’s 2017 annual meeting of stockholders, Julia R. Brown, Ronald H.W. Cooper and Heather Preston, M.D. appointed as Class II directors of the Company whose terms expire at the Company’s 2018 annual meeting of stockholders, and David Chiswell, Ph.D. and Davey S. Scoon appointed as Class III directors of the Company whose terms expire at the Company’s 2019 annual meeting of stockholders. In addition, Dr. Gutch and Dr. Preston were appointed to the Company’s Audit Committee (with Mr. Scoon continuing to serve as chair of the committee); Dr. Scots-Knight, Ms. Brown and Dr. Gutch were appointed to the Company’s Compensation Committee (with Dr. Scots-Knight appointed to serve as chair of the committee); and Dr. Chiswell and Dr. Preston were appointed to the Nominating and Governance Committee (with Dr. Chiswell appointed to serve as chair of the committee and Ms. Brown continuing to serve as a member of the committee).

For a discussion of “related person” transactions (as such term is defined in Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K) with respect to the Company’s directors, please refer to “Related Party Transactions of Combined Organization” on pages 281-285 of the definitive proxy statement for the 2016 annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders filed on September 19, 2016 (the “Proxy Statement”), which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Executive Officers

In accordance with the Exchange Agreement, effective immediately after the Closing, on November 3, 2016, the Company’s board of directors appointed: Ronald H.W. Cooper as President and Chief Executive Officer; Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D. as Chief Operating Officer; Thomas A. Shea as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D. as Chief Medical Officer; and Peter A. Zorn as Senior Vice President, Corporate Development, General Counsel and Secretary.

These executive officers received the following Company securities in connection with the Closing:

 

4


    Mr. Cooper received 5,946 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange of his Albireo shares and Replacement Options to purchase 194,225 shares of the Company’s common stock;

 

    Dr. Mattsson received 59,214 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange of his Albireo shares and a Replacement Option to purchase 39,330 shares of the Company’s common stock; and

 

    Mr. Zorn received 934 shares of the Company’s common stock in exchange of his Albireo shares and a Replacement Option to purchase 52,441 shares of the Company’s common stock.

Ronald H.W. Cooper

Ronald H.W. Cooper, age 53, has served as Albireo’s President and Chief Executive Officer since July 2015, and has served as a member of the board of directors of Albireo since September 2015. Prior to joining Albireo, Mr. Cooper worked for over 25 years in successive leadership roles at Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, a global biopharmaceutical company. Most recently, at Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Mr. Cooper served as President, Europe from May 2010 until November 2015; President, Northern and Central Europe from April 2009 until April 2010; and Senior Vice President and General Manager, EU Markets from January 2008 until March 2009. Previously, Mr. Cooper held multiple senior roles in the U.S. and other countries. Mr. Cooper has served on the board of directors of Genocea Biosciences, Inc., a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company, since June 2016. Mr. Cooper earned his Bachelor’s degree in Chemistry and Business Administration from St. Francis Xavier University in Canada. Mr. Cooper’s qualifications to serve on the Company’s board of directors include his extensive executive leadership and experience in the life sciences industry and his knowledge of the Company’s business as its President and Chief Executive Officer.

Albireo, Inc. entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Cooper in July 2015, pursuant to which Mr. Cooper has served as Albireo’s President and Chief Executive Officer, and Mr. Cooper was elected as a director of Albireo in September 2015. Mr. Cooper’s employment agreement provides for a base salary of $400,000 per year, subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors, as well as a signing bonus in an amount that reflects the amount of salary that Mr. Cooper would have earned if he had been employed for the period between June 11, 2015 and July 27, 2015, the effective date of his employment. The employment agreement also provides that he is eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by Albireo for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. Mr. Cooper’s annual target bonus will be 50% of his base salary, with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by Albireo’s board of directors in accordance with the applicable performance criteria as reasonably established by Albireo’s board of directors after consultation with Mr. Cooper. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. Cooper is entitled to participate in all of Albireo’s employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for Albireo’s employees generally, including any long-term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan, and is entitled to reimbursement of business expenses, reimbursement of up to an aggregate of $15,000 in legal fees associated with reviewing and negotiating his employment agreement and related equity documents, reimbursement of up to an aggregate of $80,000 of Mr. Cooper’s relocation expenses, and paid vacation time.

If Albireo terminates Mr. Cooper’s employment other than for “cause,” or if he terminates his employment with Albireo for “good reason,” he will be entitled to severance payments for 12 months at his then-current base salary, payment for 12 months of the portion of the healthcare premiums that Albireo paid prior to his termination if he elects and remains eligible for Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act, or COBRA, (or mini-COBRA) health benefits, and a pro-rata portion of Mr. Cooper’s annual bonus for the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs, as well as any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. Under the employment agreement, “cause” means: (i) Mr. Cooper’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, his material duties and responsibilities to Albireo or any of Albireo’s affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice; (ii) conduct by him that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to Albireo or any of its affiliates; (iii) his commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime of moral turpitude; or (iv) his material breach of his employment agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between him and Albireo or any of Albireo’s affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that he has to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice. Under the employment agreement, “good reason” means the occurrence, without Mr. Cooper’s consent, of: (i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his titles, duties, authority or responsibilities; (ii) a requirement that he relocate his principal work location to a location outside of the United

 

5


States and Canada; or (iii) a material reduction in his then current base salary. A termination by Mr. Cooper for good reason requires that he provide notice to Albireo within 30 days after the occurrence of the condition, that Albireo fail to remedy the condition within 30 days and that he terminate his employment within 30 days following the expiration of the period Albireo has to remedy the condition.

If Albireo terminates Mr. Cooper’s employment for cause, he will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred.

Mr. Cooper may terminate his employment at any time by giving 30 days prior written notice, in which case he will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. If Albireo’s board of directors waives part or all of the 30-day notice period, Albireo will also pay Mr. Cooper his base salary for the period waived.

If Mr. Cooper’s employment is terminated due to his disability or death, he or his estate will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred, and a pro-rata portion of Mr. Cooper’s annual bonus for the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs. If Albireo does not terminate his employment during any period when Mr. Cooper is disabled, Albireo may designate another employee to act in his place during such period, but Mr. Cooper will continue to receive his base salary and participate in Albireo’s employee benefit plans until he becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Albireo’s disability income plan, if any, or until his employment is terminated.

Mr. Cooper is subject to confidentiality and protection of intellectual property provisions as well as to non-competition and non-solicitation provisions during his employment with Albireo and the 12 months thereafter.

The foregoing description of the Mr. Cooper’s employment agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to his employment agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.3 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D.

Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D., age 52, has served as Chief Operating Officer of Albireo since February 2010. Dr. Mattsson is a co-founder of Albireo and served as the Vice President of Operations from February 2008 to February 2010. He has served as Chief Operating Officer of Albireo AB since February 2010, and Managing Director since March 2008. He has also served as Managing Director of Elobix AB since November 2013. He has served as a director of Albireo AB since May 2008 and Elobix AB since November 2013. He served as a director of Albireo from February 2008 to April 2015. Prior to co-founding Albireo, Dr. Mattsson served as Associate Director at AstraZeneca. Dr. Mattsson holds a Bachelor’s degree in Chemistry and a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from University of Gothenburg.

Albireo AB entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Mattsson in February 2008. Dr. Mattsson’s employment agreement provides for a base salary of SEK 85,500 per month, subject to Albireo’s annual review in accordance with the applicable collective bargaining agreement and company policy applicable from time to time. The most recent adjustment, in October 2015, increased Dr. Mattsson’s base salary to $230,000 per year effective January 1, 2015, which represented a 16.6% increase from his prior base salary of $197,300 per year. Dr. Mattsson’s employment agreement also provides that he is eligible for a discretionary annual bonus based on the achievement of annual performance targets identified for him, subject to Albireo’s right to amend or cancel the bonus plan at Albireo’s discretion and, once the bonus performance criteria are determined for a particular year, Dr. Mattsson’s approval. The employment agreement provides for a maximum bonus of 27% of his annual base salary for the year 2008 if all annual performance targets were met. Dr. Mattsson’s current maximum bonus is 35% of his annual base salary for the year 2016. Dr. Mattsson’s bonus eligibility for 2015 was based primarily on the achievement of Albireo performance targets as well as individual performance targets. The employment agreement also provides that Dr. Mattsson is entitled to participate in Albireo’s insurance and pension benefit plans and is entitled to occupational group life insurance, industrial (occupational) injury insurance, business expense reimbursement and paid vacation and sick time.

 

6


In addition, the employment agreement provides that Dr. Mattsson was entitled to receive at least a specified equity grant under an equity program sponsored by Albireo, subject to the terms of the program, which he was granted in 2008.

Dr. Mattsson’s employment agreement is valid for an indefinite term and is subject to the terms and conditions set out in a separate collective bargaining agreement applicable from time to time. Dr. Mattsson may terminate the employment agreement subject to three months’ notice and Albireo may terminate the employment agreement subject to six months’ notice, or such additional notice period as may be required by the applicable collective bargaining agreement. Dr. Mattsson is also subject to confidentiality and protection of intellectual property provisions.

The foregoing description of Dr. Mattsson’s employment agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to his employment agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.4 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Thomas A. Shea

Thomas A. Shea, age 56, has served as Albireo’s Chief Financial Officer since July 2016. Prior to joining Albireo, Mr. Shea served as Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of EPIRUS Biopharmaceuticals, Inc. from June 2013 to June 2016. He was formerly the Chief Financial Officer of Euthymics Bioscience, Inc., Neurovance, Inc. and EBI Life Sciences, Inc., three affiliated companies developing neurological and pain drug candidates, from 2011 to June 2013. Previously, Mr. Shea was the Chief Financial Officer of Tolerx, Inc., an autoimmune company, for six years, from 2005 to 2011, and Cubist Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (acquired by Merck & Co., Inc.) for 10 years. At Cubist, Mr. Shea was a part of the leadership team that transitioned the company from a private to a public company. In July 2016, EPIRUS filed a voluntary Chapter 7 petition in the United States Bankruptcy Court for the District of Massachusetts. Mr. Shea currently serves on the board of directors of Compliance Management Group, a private company.

Albireo, Inc. entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Shea effective as of August 2016, pursuant to which Mr. Shea has served as Albireo’s Chief Financial Officer. The employment agreement provides for a base salary of $320,000 per year, subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors. Mr. Shea’s employment agreement also provides that he is eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by Albireo for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Shea’s annual target bonus will be 35% of his base salary (subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by Albireo’s board of directors. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. Shea is entitled to participate in all of Albireo’s employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for Albireo’s employees generally, including any long-term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan and is entitled to reimbursement of business expenses and paid vacation time.

In addition, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Shea will receive a stock option grant exercisable for approximately 1.0% of the outstanding shares of the Company at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date as determined by the Company’s board of directors or compensation committee. On November 3, 2016, following the Closing, the Company granted Mr. Shea an option to purchase 62,947 shares of the Company’s common stock having an exercise price of $19.47 per share, which vests as to 25% of the shares on July 8, 2017, with the remainder vesting in equal installments on the last day of the 12 consecutive calendar quarters beginning with September 30, 2017. The employment agreement also provides that upon a defined change of control, all of his then outstanding unvested options and any other rights to purchase Albireo shares will become fully vested and exercisable and any vesting-like restrictions will lapse in full, unless earlier vesting is provided for in the applicable program under which such option or other right to purchase Albireo shares was granted or under applicable law. The Transaction is not a change of control under the employment agreement.

 

7


If Albireo terminates Mr. Shea’s employment other than for cause or if he terminates his employment with Albireo for good reason, he will be entitled to severance payments for 12 months at his then-current base salary, payment for 12 months of the portion of the healthcare premiums that Albireo paid prior to his termination if he elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA) health benefits and, if such termination occurs concurrent with or within 12 months following a change or control or in connection but within three months prior to a change of control, payment of his then-current target bonus, payable over 12 months. He will also be entitled to any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. Under the employment agreement, “cause” means (i) Mr. Shea’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, his material duties and responsibilities to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice, (ii) conduct by him that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to Albireo or any of its affiliates, (iii) his commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime of moral turpitude, or (iv) his material breach of his employment agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between him and Albireo or any of Albireo’s affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that he has to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice. Under the employment agreement, “good reason” means the occurrence, without Mr. Shea’s consent, of (i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his titles, duties, authority or responsibilities; (ii) a requirement that he relocate his principal work location to a location more than 30 miles outside of Boston, Massachusetts; or (iii) a material reduction in his then current base salary. A termination by Mr. Shea for good reason requires that he provide notice to Albireo within 30 days after the occurrence of the condition, that Albireo fails to remedy the condition within 30 days and that he terminate his employment within 30 days following the expiration of the period Albireo has to remedy the condition.

If Albireo terminates Mr. Shea’s employment for cause, he will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred.

If Mr. Shea’s employment is terminated due to his disability or death, he or his estate will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. If Albireo does not terminate his employment during any period when Mr. Shea is disabled, Albireo may designate another employee to act in his place during such period, but Mr. Shea will continue to receive his base salary and participate in Albireo’s employee benefit plans until he becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Albireo’s disability income plan, if any, or until his employment is terminated.

Mr. Shea is subject to confidentiality and protection of intellectual property provisions as well as to non-competition and non-solicitation provisions during his employment with Albireo and the 12 months thereafter.

The foregoing description of the Mr. Shea’s employment agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to his employment agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.5 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D.

Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D., age 56, has served as Albireo’s Chief Medical Officer since September 2016. Prior to joining Albireo, Dr. Soni served as Vice President, Global Medical Sciences at Alexion Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a global rare disease biopharma company, from August 2015 to July 2016, and previously served as Vice President, Alexion Research from June 2014 to July 2015. From August 2013 to June 2014, Dr. Soni provided consulting services in the pharmaceuticals industry. Prior to that, Dr. Soni served as Senior Vice President, Head of Development at Amarin Corporation PLC from September 2008 to August 2013, where he played a key role in the development and regulatory approval of Vascepa ® for elevated triglycerides. Dr. Soni began his pharmaceutical career at Pfizer Inc., holding various positions of increasing responsibility. Dr. Soni is an internist and gastroenterologist, and he completed his medical training at the University of Natal in South Africa and a research fellowship at the Division of Hepatology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London.

 

8


Albireo, Inc. entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Soni effective as of September 2016, pursuant to which Dr. Soni serves as Albireo’s Chief Medical Officer. The employment agreement provides for a base salary of $375,000 per year, subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors. Dr. Soni’s employment agreement also provides that he is eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by Albireo for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The employment agreement provides that Dr. Soni’s annual target bonus will be 35% of his base salary (subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by Albireo’s board of directors. The employment agreement also provides for payment by the Company of up to $50,000 of relocation expenses and up to $5,000 per month (or up to $20,000 in the aggregate) of temporary housing expenses for Dr. Soni’s relocation to the Company’s office in Massachusetts, which Dr. Soni is required to repay to the Company if he voluntary terminates his employment, or the Company terminates his employment for cause, within 18 months after September 2016. The employment agreement also provides that Dr. Soni is entitled to participate in all of Albireo’s employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for Albireo’s employees generally, including any long-term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan and is entitled to reimbursement of business expenses and paid vacation time.

In addition, the employment agreement provides that Dr. Soni will receive a stock option grant exercisable for approximately 1.3% of the outstanding shares of the Company at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the common stock on the grant date as determined by the Company’s board of directors or compensation committee. On November 3, 2016, following the Closing, the Company granted Dr. Soni an option to purchase 81,831 shares of the Company’s common stock having an exercise price of $19.47 per share, which vests as to 25% of the shares on September 6, 2017, with the remainder vesting in equal installments on the last day of the 12 consecutive calendar quarters beginning with December 31, 2017. The employment agreement also provides that upon a change of control as defined, all of his then outstanding unvested options and any other rights to purchase Albireo shares will become fully vested and exercisable and any vesting-like restrictions will lapse in full, unless earlier vesting is provided for in the applicable program under which such option or other right to purchase Albireo shares was granted or under applicable law. The Transaction is not a change of control under the employment agreement.

If Albireo terminates Dr. Soni’s employment other than for cause or if he terminates his employment with Albireo for good reason, he will be entitled to severance payments for 12 months at his then-current base salary, payment for 12 months of the portion of the healthcare premiums that Albireo paid prior to his termination if he elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA) health benefits and, if such termination occurs concurrent with or within 12 months following a change or control or in connection but within three months prior to a change of control, payment of his then-current target bonus, payable over 12 months. He will also be entitled to any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. Under the employment agreement, “cause” means (i) Dr. Soni’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, his material duties and responsibilities to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice, (ii) conduct by him that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to Albireo or any of its affiliates, (iii) his commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime of moral turpitude, or (iv) his material breach of his employment agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between him and Albireo or any of Albireo’s affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that he has to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice. Under the employment agreement, “good reason” means the occurrence, without Dr. Soni’s consent, of (i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his titles, duties, authority or responsibilities; (ii) a requirement that he relocate his principal work location to a location more than 30 miles outside of Boston, Massachusetts; or (iii) a material reduction in his then current base salary. A termination by Dr. Soni for good reason requires that he provide notice to Albireo within 30 days after the occurrence of the condition, that Albireo fails to remedy the condition within 30 days and that he terminate his employment within 30 days following the expiration of the period Albireo has to remedy the condition.

 

9


If Albireo terminates Dr. Soni’s employment for cause, he will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred.

If Dr. Soni’s employment is terminated due to his disability or death, he or his estate will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. If Albireo does not terminate his employment during any period when Dr. Soni is disabled, Albireo may designate another employee to act in his place during such period, but Dr. Soni will continue to receive his base salary and participate in Albireo’s employee benefit plans until he becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Albireo’s disability income plan, if any, or until his employment is terminated.

Dr. Soni is subject to confidentiality and protection of intellectual property provisions as well as to non-competition and non-solicitation provisions during his employment with Albireo and the 12 months thereafter.

The foregoing description of Dr. Soni’s employment agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to his employment agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.6 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Peter A. Zorn

Peter A. Zorn, age 46, has served as Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and General Counsel of Albireo since July 2015. Prior to joining Albireo, Mr. Zorn served as Vice President, Corporate Communications and General Counsel of Santaris Pharma, a Denmark-headquartered biopharmaceutical company, from May 2014 to October 2014, departing following the acquisition of Santaris by Roche. From May 2003 to October 2013, Mr. Zorn served in multiple positions at Targacept, Inc., a publicly traded biopharmaceutical company that, following a merger, is now known as Catalyst Biosciences, Inc., including Senior Vice President, Legal Affairs, General Counsel and Secretary. Mr. Zorn earned his law degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and his undergraduate degree from Harvard.

Albireo, Inc. entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Zorn in February 2016, effective as of July 2015, pursuant to which Mr. Zorn has served as Albireo’s Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and General Counsel. The employment agreement provides for a base salary of $270,000 per year, subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors. Mr. Zorn’s employment agreement also provides that he is eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by Albireo for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The employment agreement provides that Mr. Zorn’s annual target bonus will be 30% of his base salary (subject to increase from time to time by Albireo’s board of directors), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by Albireo’s board of directors. In April 2016, Albireo’s board of directors confirmed an increase to Mr. Zorn’s target bonus percentage to 35%. The employment agreement also provides that Mr. Zorn is entitled to participate in all of Albireo’s employee benefit plans from time to time in effect for Albireo’s employees generally, including any long-term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan and is entitled to reimbursement of business expenses and paid vacation time.

In addition, the employment agreement provides that Mr. Zorn will receive at least a specified stock option grant under an equity program sponsored by Albireo, subject to the terms of the program. Subsequently in April 2016, Albireo’s board of directors granted to Mr. Zorn an option to purchase 749,267 ordinary A shares of Albireo that vest with respect to 25% of the shares on July 1, 2016 and with respect to the remaining shares in equal amounts monthly thereafter until July 1, 2019, and which was replaced by a Replacement Option to purchase 52,441 shares of the Company’s common stock in conjunction with the Transaction. The employment agreement also provides that upon a change of control as defined, all of his then outstanding unvested options and any other rights to purchase Albireo shares will become fully vested and exercisable and any vesting-like restrictions will lapse in full, unless earlier vesting is provided for in the applicable program under which such option or other right to purchase Albireo shares was granted or under applicable law. The Transaction is not a change of control under the employment agreement.

 

10


If Albireo terminates Mr. Zorn’s employment other than for cause or if he terminates his employment with Albireo for good reason, he will be entitled to severance payments for 12 months at his then-current base salary, payment for 12 months of the portion of the healthcare premiums that Albireo paid prior to his termination if he elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA) health benefits and, if such termination occurs concurrent with or within 12 months following a change or control or in connection but within three months prior to a change of control, payment of his then-current target bonus, payable over 12 months. He will also be entitled to any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. Under the employment agreement, “cause” means (i) Mr. Zorn’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, his material duties and responsibilities to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice, (ii) conduct by him that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to Albireo or any of its affiliates, (iii) his commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, a felony or other crime of moral turpitude, or (iv) his material breach of his employment agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between him and Albireo or any of Albireo’s affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that he has to Albireo or any of its affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within 30 days of written notice. Under the employment agreement, “good reason” means the occurrence, without Mr. Zorn’s consent, of (i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of his titles, duties, authority or responsibilities; (ii) a requirement that he relocate his principal work location to a location more than 30 miles outside of Boston, Massachusetts; or (iii) a material reduction in his then current base salary. A termination by Mr. Zorn for good reason requires that he provide notice to Albireo within 30 days after the occurrence of the condition, that Albireo fails to remedy the condition within 30 days and that he terminate his employment within 30 days following the expiration of the period Albireo has to remedy the condition.

If Albireo terminates Mr. Zorn’s employment for cause, he will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred.

If Mr. Zorn’s employment is terminated due to his disability or death, he or his estate will be entitled to receive any base salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, any business expenses incurred but unreimbursed on the date of termination, and any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the termination occurred. If Albireo does not terminate his employment during any period when Mr. Zorn is disabled, Albireo may designate another employee to act in his place during such period, but Mr. Zorn will continue to receive his base salary and participate in Albireo’s employee benefit plans until he becomes eligible for disability income benefits under Albireo’s disability income plan, if any, or until his employment is terminated.

Mr. Zorn is subject to confidentiality and protection of intellectual property provisions as well as to non-competition and non-solicitation provisions during his employment with Albireo and the 12 months thereafter.

The foregoing description of the Mr. Zorn’s employment agreement is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to his employment agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.7 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Indemnification Agreements

On November 3, 2016, the Company entered into indemnification agreements with each of its directors and executive officers, David Chiswell, Ph.D., Ronald H.W. Cooper, Julia R. Brown, Michael Gutch, Ph.D., Heather Preston, M.D., Davey S. Scoon, Denise Scots-Knight, Ph.D., Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D., Thomas A. Shea, Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D, and Peter A. Zorn. Pursuant to the indemnification agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify and hold harmless these directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law. The agreements generally cover expenses that a director or officer incurs or amounts that a director or officer becomes obligated to pay in connection with any proceeding in any way connected with, resulting from or relating to his or her service as a current or former director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company. The agreements also provide for the advancement of expenses to

 

11


the directors and officers subject to specified conditions. There are certain exceptions to the Company’s obligation to indemnify the directors and officers, including with respect to “short-swing” profit claims under Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; with respect to conduct by him or her that is established to be knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest or constituted willful misconduct; and, with certain exceptions, with respect to proceedings that he or she initiates.

The foregoing description of the indemnification agreements is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the form of indemnification agreement, which is attached as Exhibit 10.8 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

2016 Equity Incentive Plan

At the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Company held on November 3, 2016, the stockholders of the Company approved the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2016 Plan”). The 2016 Plan had previously been approved by the Company’s board of directors, subject to stockholder approval. For additional information regarding the 2016 Plan, please refer to “Biodel Proposal No. 3: Approval of the 2016 Equity Plan” on pages 166-173 of the Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference. Such description of the 2016 Plan is not complete and is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to the 2016 Plan, which is attached as Exhibit 10.9 hereto and incorporated herein by reference.

Termination of Named Executive Officers

Immediately prior to the Closing, each of Gary G. Gemignani and Paul S. Bavier were terminated without cause by the Company and are entitled to certain severance payments and benefits and certain of their outstanding options will automatically vest in full as described in Mr. Gemignani’s employment agreement and Mr. Bavier’s change in control and severance agreements, respectively. For additional information regarding these payments, please refer to “The Transaction — Interests of the Biodel Directors and Executive Officers in the Transaction” on pages 128-131 of the Proxy Statement.

Item 5.03 Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.

The information set forth in Item 3.03 of this Current Report on Form 8-K is hereby incorporated by reference.

As a result of the Transaction, on November 3, 2016, the Company’s board of directors has decided to change the Company’s fiscal year end from September 30 to December 31. Because the Company’s 2016 fiscal year ended before the date on which the Company determined to change its fiscal year end, the Company will file its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2016 with the SEC on or before December 29, 2016. As the transition period covers a period of less than six months, in accordance with the SEC’s transition report rules as set forth in Rule 13a-10 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Company expects to file a transition report on Form 10-K within 90 days of December 31, 2016, which will contain the necessary financial information for the transition period.

Item 5.07 Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.

The Company convened and adjourned its annual meeting of stockholders on October 24, 2016 (the “Annual Meeting”), without any business being conducted, due to lack of the requisite quorum. The Annual Meeting was adjourned to 8:30 a.m. local time on October 27, 2016 to allow additional time for stockholders to vote on the proposals set forth in the Proxy Statement.

At the reconvened meeting on October 27, 2016, 32,204,963 shares of common stock prior to the Reverse Stock Split, or approximately 50.2% of the outstanding common stock entitled to vote, were represented by proxy or in person. At this reconvened meeting, stockholders approved the proposal (Proposal No. 5) to approve an adjournment of the Annual Meeting, if necessary, to solicit additional proxies if there are not sufficient votes in favor of any of Proposal Nos. 1 through 4 set forth in the Proxy Statement. The Company further adjourned the Annual Meeting to 8:30 a.m. local time on November 3, 2016 to allow further additional time for stockholders to vote on Proposal Nos. 1 through 4 set forth in the Proxy Statement.

 

12


At the reconvened Annual Meeting held on November 3, 2016, 36,902,447 shares of common stock prior to the Reverse Stock Split, or approximately 57.5% of the outstanding common stock entitled to vote were represented by proxy or in person. At the reconvened Annual Meeting on November 3, 2016, the stockholders of the Company voted as set forth below on Proposal No. 1 through 4, each of which is described in detail in the Proxy Statement. As discussed above, the stockholders of the Company voted as set forth below on Proposal No. 5 at the prior reconvened Annual Meeting held on October 27, 2016.

The final voting results for each matter submitted to a vote of the Company’s stockholders, which share amounts do not reflect the Reverse Stock Split, are as follows:

Proposal No. 1. Approval of the Issuance of Common Stock in the Transaction.

Proposal to approve the issuance of shares of the Company’s common stock pursuant to the Exchange Agreement:

 

Votes For     Votes Against     Abstentions     Broker Non-Votes  
  24,388,913        919,301        114,171        11,480,062   

Proposal No. 2. Approval of the Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company to Effect the Reverse Stock Split.

Proposal to approve an amendment to the amended and restated certificate of incorporation of the Company to effect a reverse stock split of the Company’s common stock in the ratio of one new share for every 30 shares outstanding.

 

Votes For     Votes Against     Abstentions  
  33,834,145        2,879,391        188,911   

Proposal No. 3. Approval of 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.

Proposal to approve the 2016 Equity Incentive Plan for use by the Company from and after the Closing.

 

Votes For     Votes Against     Abstentions     Broker Non-Votes  
  24,066,867        1,202,074        153,444        11,480,062   

Proposal No. 4. Election of the Company’s Directors.

Proposal to elect two Class III directors.

 

     Votes For      Votes Withheld      Broker Non-Votes  

Ira W. Lieberman, Ph.D.

     24,291,123         1,131,262         11,480,062   

Davey S. Scoon

     24,401,807         1,020,578         11,480,062   

While the stockholders of the Company voted for the election of Dr. Lieberman and Mr. Scoon, upon the Closing, the Company’s board of directors was reconstituted as provided in the Exchange Agreement and Dr. Lieberman resigned. Please refer to Item 5.02 of this Current Report on Form 8-K.

Proposal No. 5. Approval of Possible Adjournment of the Annual Meeting.

Proposal to approve an adjournment of the Annual Meeting, if necessary, to solicit additional proxies if there are not sufficient votes in favor of any of Proposal Nos. 1 through 4.

 

Votes For     Votes Against     Abstentions     Broker
Non-Votes
 
  28,940,526        2,718,619        545,819        11,480,062   

 

13


On November 3, 2016, the Company announced the completion of the Transaction. The press release is attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and incorporated by reference herein.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.

(a) Financial Statements of Businesses Acquired.

As a result of the completion of the Transaction with Albireo as described in Item 2.01, the Company incorporates by reference herein from the Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on September 19, 2016 Albireo’s audited financial statements as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and its unaudited financial statements as of June 30, 2016 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, which are attached as Exhibit 99.2 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

(b) Pro Forma Financial Information

Unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 and as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 are incorporated by reference herein from the Proxy Statement filed with the SEC on September 19, 2016 and are attached as Exhibit 99.3 to this Current Report on Form 8-K.

(d) Exhibits

 

Exhibit
No.

  

Description of Exhibit

2.1    Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among Biodel Inc., Albireo Limited and the Sellers listed on Schedule I thereto. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 13, 2016).
3.1    Certificate of Amendment (Reverse Stock Split) to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated November 3, 2016.
3.2    Certificate of Amendment (Name Change) to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated November 3, 2016.
4.1    Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Albireo Pharma, Inc., dated November 4, 2016, issued to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited.
10.1    Supplemental Deed, dated as of May 24, 2016, by and among Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited, Albireo Limited, Albireo AB and Elobix AB, including as Schedule 1 thereto the Amended and Restated Agreement for the Provision of a Loan Facility of up to €6,000,000, dated as of December 18, 2014, by and among Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited, Albireo Limited, Albireo AB and Elobix AB.
10.2    Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2016, by and between Albireo Pharma, Inc. and Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited.
10.3*    Employment Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2015, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Ronald H.W. Cooper.
10.4*    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2008, by and between Albireo AB and Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D.

 

14


10.5*    Employment Agreement, dated as of August 4, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Thomas A. Shea.
10.6*    Employment Agreement, dated as of September 6, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D.
10.7*    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Peter A. Zorn.
10.8*    Form of Indemnification Agreement, by and between the Company and each of its directors and executive officers.
10.9*    Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.
16.1    Letter from BDO USA, LLP dated November 3, 2016.
23.1    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, regarding the audited financial statements of the Albireo Limited.
99.1    Press Release dated November 3, 2016.
99.2    Audited financial statements of Albireo Limited as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and unaudited financial statements of Albireo Limited as of June 30, 2016 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.
99.3    Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 and as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

 

 

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

 

15


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

 

      ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.
Date: November 4, 2016      

/s/ Ronald H.W. Cooper

      Ronald H.W. Cooper
      President, Chief Executive Officer and Director

 

16


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
No.

  

Description of Exhibit

2.1    Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among Biodel Inc., Albireo Limited and the Sellers listed on Schedule I thereto. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 13, 2016).
3.1    Certificate of Amendment (Reverse Stock Split) to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated November 3, 2016.
3.2    Certificate of Amendment (Name Change) to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, dated November 3, 2016.
4.1    Warrant to Purchase Common Stock of Albireo Pharma, Inc., dated November 4, 2016, issued to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited.
10.1    Supplemental Deed, dated as of May 24, 2016, by and among Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited, Albireo Limited, Albireo AB and Elobix AB, including as Schedule 1 thereto the Amended and Restated Agreement for the Provision of a Loan Facility of up to €6,000,000, dated as of December 18, 2014, by and among Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited, Albireo Limited, Albireo AB and Elobix AB.
10.2    Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of November 4, 2016, by and between Albireo Pharma, Inc. and Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited.
10.3*    Employment Agreement, dated as of July 27, 2015, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Ronald H.W. Cooper.
10.4*    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 14, 2008, by and between Albireo AB and Jan P. Mattsson, Ph.D.
10.5*    Employment Agreement, dated as of August 4, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Thomas A. Shea.
10.6*    Employment Agreement, dated as of September 6, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Paresh N. Soni, M.D., Ph.D.
10.7*    Employment Agreement, dated as of February 17, 2016, by and between Albireo, Inc. and Peter A. Zorn.
10.8*    Form of Indemnification Agreement, by and between the Company and each of its directors and executive officers.
10.9*    Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.
16.1    Letter from BDO USA, LLP dated November 3, 2016.
23.1    Consent of Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, regarding the audited financial statements of the Albireo Limited.
99.1    Press Release dated November 3, 2016.

 

17


99.2    Audited financial statements of Albireo Limited as of and for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 and unaudited financial statements of Albireo Limited as of June 30, 2016 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.
99.3    Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2015 and as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

 

* Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

 

18

Exhibit 3.1

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

OF

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

BIODEL INC.

BIODEL INC. , a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ Corporation ”), does hereby certify as follows:

FIRST: The Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended (the “ Restated Certificate of Incorporation ”) is hereby amended by deleting the first two paragraphs of Article FOURTH of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation in their entirety and inserting the following paragraphs in lieu thereof:

“A. The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock which the Corporation shall have authority to issue is 250,000,000 shares, consisting of (i) 200,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“ Common Stock ”) and (ii) 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“ Preferred Stock ”).

Upon the effectiveness of this Certificate of Amendment to the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the “ Effective Time ”), every thirty (30) shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding (or held in treasury) immediately prior to the Effective Time shall, automatically and without any action on the part of the respective holders thereof, be reclassified and combined into one (1) validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock (the “ Reverse Stock Split ”).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, no fractional shares of Common Stock shall be issued as a result of the Reverse Stock Split. If the Reverse Stock Split would result in the issuance of any fractional share, the Corporation shall, in lieu of issuing any fractional share, pay cash equal to the product of such fraction multiplied by the closing price of the Corporation’s Common Stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market on the last trading day prior to the Effective Time (as adjusted to give effect to the Reverse Stock Split), rounded up to the nearest whole cent. Upon surrender by any stockholder(s) of certificates representing shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding prior to the Effective Time, a new certificate representing the number of whole shares of Common Stock issued and outstanding after the Effective Time into which the shares of Common Stock formerly represented by such certificate(s) shall have been reclassified and cash in lieu of fractional shares, if any, will be issued to such stockholder(s).”

SECOND: That said amendment was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

[Signature Page Follows]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Corporation has caused this Certificate of Amendment of the Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be executed by its duly authorized officer on this 3rd day of November, 2016.

 

BIODEL INC.
By:      

/s/ Gary Gemignani

  Name:   Gary Gemignani
  Title:   Chief Financial Officer and Interim Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 3.2

CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT

OF

SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

BIODEL INC.

Pursuant to Section 242 of the

General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware

BIODEL INC. , a corporation organized and existing under and by virtue of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ Corporation ”), does hereby certify as follows:

1. The name of the corporation (hereinafter called the “Corporation”) is Biodel Inc.

2. The Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 8, 2003 under the name of Global Positioning Group, LTD. Thereafter a Certificate of Amendment was filed on November 19, 2004 to change the name of the Corporation to Biodel Inc. A Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 17, 2007. Thereafter a Certificate of Designation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on May 17, 2011, a Certificate of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 11, 2012, a Certificate of Designation was filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on June 26, 2012, and Certificates of Amendment to the Restated Certificate of Incorporation were filed on December 20, 2012, March 17, 2015 and November 3, 2016.

3. The Restated Certificate of Incorporation, filed on May 17, 2007, as amended, is further amended to change the name of the Corporation to Albireo Pharma, Inc. by striking out Article FIRST thereof and by substituting in lieu of said Article the following new Article FIRST:

FIRST: The name of the corporation (hereinafter called the “Corporation”) is

Albireo Pharma, Inc.

4. The amendment of the Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, herein certified has been duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

[ Signature Page Follows ]


Signed this 3rd day of November, 2016.

 

BIODEL INC.
By:      

/s/ Ronald H.W. Cooper

  Name: Ronald H.W. Cooper
  Title: President and Chief Executive Officer

Exhibit 4.1

THIS WARRANT AND THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS WARRANT IS EXERCISABLE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS, OR UNLESS OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED OR TRANSFERRED PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THOSE LAWS.

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.

Warrant To Purchase Common Stock

Warrant No.: 1

Number of Shares of Common Stock: *67,271 *

Date of Issuance: 4 November, 2016 (“ Issuance Date ”)

Albireo Pharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), hereby certifies that, for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of Jersey, the registered holder hereof or its permitted assigns (the “ Holder ”), is entitled, subject to the terms set forth below, to purchase from the Company, at the Exercise Price (as defined below) then in effect, upon surrender of this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (including any Warrants to Purchase Common Stock issued in exchange, transfer or replacement hereof, the “ Warrant ”), at any time or times on or after the date hereof (the “ Exercisability Date ”), but not after 11:59 p.m., New York time, on the Expiration Date (as defined below), *sixty seven thousand two hundred and seventy one (67,271)* fully paid non-assessable shares of Common Stock (as defined below) (the “ Warrant Shares ”). Except as otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms in this Warrant shall have the meanings set forth in Section 17.

1. EXERCISE OF WARRANT .

(a) Mechanics of Exercise . Subject to the terms and conditions hereof, this Warrant may be exercised by the Holder on any day on or after the Exercisability Date, in whole or in part, by delivery of a written notice (via overnight courier, facsimile or email), in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “ Exercise Notice ”), of the Holder’s election to exercise this Warrant. Upon delivery of the Exercise Notice, the Holder shall make payment to the Company of an amount equal to the applicable Exercise Price multiplied by the number of Warrant Shares as to which this Warrant is being exercised (the “ Aggregate Exercise Price ”) in cash or by wire transfer of immediately available funds or by notifying the Company that this

 

1


Warrant is being exercised pursuant to a Cashless Exercise (as defined in Section 1(d)). On or before the first Business Day following the date on which the Company has received the Exercise Notice, the Company shall transmit by facsimile an acknowledgment of confirmation of receipt of the Exercise Notice to the Holder and the Company’s transfer agent (the “ Transfer Agent ”). On or before the third Business Day following the date on which the Company has received the Exercise Notice (the “ Share Delivery Date ”), the Company shall (X) provided that (i) such Warrant Shares do not require the placement of any legends restricting the transfer of such Warrant Shares and (ii) the Transfer Agent is participating in The Depository Trust Company (“ DTC ”) Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program, upon the request of the Holder, credit such aggregate number of Warrant Shares to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise to the Holder’s or its designee’s balance account with DTC through its Deposit Withdrawal Agent Commission system, or (Y) if (i) the Transfer Agent is not participating in the DTC Fast Automated Securities Transfer Program and/or (ii) such Warrant Shares require the placement of legends restricting the transfer of such Warrant Shares, issue and dispatch by overnight courier to the address as specified in the Exercise Notice, a certificate, registered in the Company’s share register in the name of the Holder or its designee, for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled pursuant to such exercise. Upon delivery of the Exercise Notice and payment of the Exercise Price, the Holder shall be deemed for all corporate purposes to have become the holder of record of the Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant has been exercised, irrespective of the date such Warrant Shares are credited to the Holder’s DTC account or the date of delivery of the certificates evidencing such Warrant Shares, as the case may be. No fractional shares of Common Stock are to be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant, but rather the number of shares of Common Stock to be issued shall be rounded down to the nearest whole number. The Company shall pay any and all transfer taxes and transfer agent fees which may be payable with respect to the issuance and delivery of Warrant Shares upon exercise of this Warrant. For purposes of clarification, unless required pursuant to industry standard stock transfer procedures, the Transfer Agent shall not require the Holder to obtain a medallion guaranty, notary attestation or any similar deliverable in order to effectuate an exercise of all or a portion of this Warrant. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, the Holder shall not be required to physically surrender this Warrant to the Company until the Holder has purchased all of the Warrant Shares available hereunder and the Warrant has been exercised in full, in which case, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company for cancellation within three (3) Trading Days of the date the final Exercise Notice is delivered to the Company. However, if this Warrant is submitted in connection with any exercise pursuant to this Section 1(a) and the number of Warrant Shares represented by this Warrant submitted for exercise is greater than the number of Warrant Shares being acquired upon an exercise, then the Company shall as soon as practicable and in no event later than five (5) Business Days after any exercise and at its own expense, issue a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 6(c)) representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares purchasable immediately prior to such exercise under this Warrant, less the number of Warrant Shares with respect to which this Warrant is exercised.

 

2


(b) Exercise Price . For purposes of this Warrant, “ Exercise Price ” means US$ *11.78 *, subject to adjustment as provided herein.

(c) Company’s Failure to Timely Deliver Securities . If the Company shall fail for any reason or for no reason to issue to the Holder within three (3) Trading Days after receipt of the Exercise Notice in compliance with the terms of this Section 1, a certificate for the number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled and register such shares of Common Stock on the Company’s share register or to credit the Holder’s balance account with DTC for such number of shares of Common Stock to which the Holder is entitled upon the Holder’s exercise of this Warrant, and if on or after such Trading Day the Holder purchases (in an open market transaction or otherwise) shares of Common Stock to deliver in satisfaction of a sale by the Holder of shares of Common Stock issuable upon such exercise that the Holder anticipated receiving from the Company (a “ Buy-In ”), then, so long as the Holder has paid the Aggregate Exercise Price (or has provided a valid notice of Cashless Exercise), the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days after the Holder’s request and in the Holder’s discretion, either (i) pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the Holder’s total purchase price (including brokerage commissions, if any) for the shares of Common Stock so purchased (the “ Buy-In Price ”), at which point the Company’s obligation to deliver such certificate (and to issue such Warrant Shares) shall terminate, or (ii) promptly honor its obligation to deliver to the Holder a certificate or certificates representing such Warrant Shares and pay cash to the Holder in an amount equal to the excess (if any) of the Buy-In Price over the product of (A) such number of shares of Common Stock, times (B) the Closing Sale Price on the date of exercise.

(d) Cashless Exercise . Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, the Holder may, in its sole discretion, exercise this Warrant in whole or in part and, in lieu of making the cash payment otherwise contemplated to be made to the Company upon such exercise in payment of the Aggregate Exercise Price, elect instead to receive upon such exercise the “ Net Number ” of shares of Common Stock determined according to the following formula (a “ Cashless Exercise ”):

 

          Net Number    = (A × B) - (A × C)
                                                   B
          For purposes of the foregoing formula:
A    =    the total number of shares with respect to which this Warrant is then being exercised.
B    =    the arithmetic average of the Closing Sale Prices of the shares of Common Stock for the fifteen (15) consecutive Trading Days ending on the Trading Day immediately preceding the date of the Exercise Notice.
C    =    the Exercise Price then in effect for the applicable Warrant Shares at the time of such exercise.

 

3


Upon receipt of an Exercise Notice to which this Section 1(d) is applicable, the Company shall notify the Holder within one (1) Trading Day of the calculation of the Net Number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the noticed exercise of the Warrant utilizing Cashless Exercise, and confirm the Holder’s desire to complete the exercise of the Warrant pursuant to this Section 1(d). Nothing herein shall limit a Holder’s right to pursue any other remedies available to it hereunder, at law or in equity including, without limitation, a decree of specific performance and/or injunctive relief with respect to the Company’s failure to timely deliver certificates representing shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrant as required pursuant to the terms hereof.

(e) Rule 144 . For purposes of Rule 144(d) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), assuming the Holder is not an affiliate of the Company, it is intended that the Warrant Shares issued in a Cashless Exercise shall be deemed to have been acquired by the Holder, and the holding period for the Warrant Shares shall be deemed to have commenced, on the Issuance Date. This Section 1(e) is subject in all respects to applicable securities laws in effect from time to time.

(f) Reservation of Stock . The Company agrees during the term the rights under this Warrant are exercisable to reserve and keep available (free from pre-emptive rights) from its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of this Warrant, such number of shares as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the exercise of the rights under this Warrant; and if at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock that may be issued by the Company shall not be sufficient for purposes of the exercise of this Warrant in accordance with its terms, without limitation of such other remedies as may be available to the Holder, the Company will take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock to a number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purposes. The Company represents and warrants that all Warrant Shares that may be issued upon the exercise of this Warrant will, when issued in accordance with the terms hereof, be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

(g) Disputes . In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall promptly issue to the Holder the number of Warrant Shares that are not disputed.

2. ADJUSTMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE AND NUMBER OF WARRANT SHARES . The Exercise Price and the number of Warrant Shares shall be adjusted from time to time as follows:

(a) Adjustment upon Subdivision or Combination of Common Stock . If the Company at any time on or after the Issuance Date subdivides (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, scheme, arrangement or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a greater number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to such subdivision will be proportionately reduced and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately increased. If the Company at any time on or after the Issuance Date combines (by any stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, reorganization, scheme, arrangement or otherwise) one or more classes of its outstanding shares of Common Stock into a smaller number of shares, the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior

 

4


to such combination will be proportionately increased and the number of Warrant Shares will be proportionately decreased. Any adjustment under this Section 2(a) shall become effective at the close of business on the date the subdivision or combination becomes effective.

(b) New Issuance Adjustment . If the Company at any time on or after the Issuance Date issues any shares of capital stock, other Permitted Securities, for a price less than the Exercise Price (each such issuance being a “ New Issuance Adjustment Event ”), the Holder shall receive such number of additional Warrant Shares on the exercise of this Warrant (or such corresponding proportion if this Warrant is exercised in part) (the “ Anti-Dilution Shares ”) as is determined by the following formula (and rounding up fractions to the nearest whole number of shares):

 

   N = ((EP/WA) × Z) - Z
For purposes of the foregoing formula:
N    = the number of Anti-Dilution Shares that the Holder is entitled to receive.
WA    = (EP × ESC) + (AESP × NS)/(ESC + NS).
EP    = the Exercise Price then in effect.
ESC    = the existing share capital of the Company, namely the number of shares of capital stock issued and outstanding, plus the aggregate number of shares in respect of which options to subscribe have been granted, or which are subject to convertible securities (including but not limited to warrants), in each case immediately prior to the New Issuance Adjustment Event.
AESP    = the price per share for the new securities to be issued pursuant to the New Issuance Adjustment Event; provided, however, that for the purposes of this calculation in no event shall AESP be less than the par value of the Common Stock.
NS    = the number of new securities to be issued pursuant to the New Issuance Adjustment Event.
Z    = the number of Warrant Shares existing immediately before the New Issuance Adjustment Event.

The exercise price for the Anti-Dilution Shares shall be equal to the par value of the Anti-Dilution Shares, payable by the Holder in cash. In the event of any dispute between the Holder and the Company about the effect of this Section 2(b), then such dispute shall be resolved pursuant to Section 14 with the term “N” being substituted for the term “Exercise Price.”

(c) Rights Upon Distribution of Assets . If the Company shall declare or make any dividend or other distribution of its assets (or rights to acquire its assets) to holders of shares of Common Stock, by way of return of capital or otherwise (including, without limitation, any distribution of cash, stock or other securities, property or options by way of a dividend, spin off, reclassification, corporate rearrangement, scheme of arrangement or other similar transaction) (a “ Distribution ”), the Holder shall be entitled to receive the dividend or distribution of assets that would have been payable to the Holder pursuant to the Distribution had the Holder exercised this Warrant (or, if this Warrant has been partially exercised prior to the Distribution, any unexercised portion thereof) immediately prior to such record date.

 

5


(d) Adjustments for Other Dividends and Distributions . In the event the Company shall at any time or from time to time after the Issuance Date declare, order, pay or make a dividend or other distribution on any of its shares of capital stock, other than a dividend or distribution that results in an adjustment provided for in Section 2(a) or 2(c) above, the Company shall make appropriate provision so that the Holder shall have the right at any time prior to the expiration of this Warrant to purchase, at a total price equal to that payable upon the exercise of this Warrant, the kind and amount of other property receivable in connection with such dividend or distribution as a holder of the same number of Warrant Shares as were purchasable by the Holder immediately prior to such dividend or distribution.

(e) Notice of Adjustment . Not less than ten (10) days prior to the record date or effective date, as the case may be, of any action which requires or might require an adjustment or readjustment pursuant to this Section 2, the Company shall give notice to the Holder of such event, describing such event in reasonable detail and specifying the record date or effective date, as the case may be, and, if determinable, the required adjustment and computation thereof. If the required adjustment is not determinable as the time of such notice, the Company shall give notice to the Holder of such adjustment and computation as soon as reasonably practicable after such adjustment becomes determinable.

3. FUNDAMENTAL TRANSACTIONS . The Company shall not enter into or be party to a Fundamental Transaction unless the Successor Entity assumes this Warrant in accordance with the provisions of this Section 3 and delivers to each holder of Warrants in exchange for such Warrants, promptly following consummation of such Fundamental Transaction, a new Warrant substantially similar in form and substance to this Warrant reflecting any modification in the terms of the Warrant pursuant to this Section 3. If, at any time prior to the Expiration Date, the Company enters into or is a party to a Fundamental Transaction pursuant to which holders of shares of Common Stock are entitled or required to receive securities issued by another company or cash or other assets with respect to or in exchange for shares of Common Stock (a “ Corporate Event ”), the Holder shall thereafter have the right to receive upon an exercise of this Warrant for each Warrant Share that would have been issuable upon exercise of this Warrant prior to consummation of such Corporate Event, in lieu of the shares of the Common Stock (or other securities, cash, assets or other property) purchasable upon the exercise of the Warrant prior to such Corporate Event, such shares of stock, securities, cash, assets or any other property whatsoever (including warrants or other purchase or subscription rights) which the Holder would have been entitled to receive upon the consummation of such Corporate Event had the Warrant been exercised for one Warrant Share immediately prior to consummation of such Corporate Event. If holders of Common Stock are given any choice as to the securities, cash or property to be received in a Corporate Event, then the Holder shall be given the same choice as to the consideration it receives upon any exercise of this Warrant following consummation of such Corporate Event. The provisions of this Section 3 shall apply similarly and equally to successive Fundamental Transactions and Corporate Events.

4. NONCIRCUMVENTION . The Company hereby covenants and agrees that it will not, by amendment of its Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws or through any

 

6


reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, scheme of arrangement, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other voluntary action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Warrant, and will at all times in good faith carry out all the provisions of this Warrant and take all action as may be required to protect the rights of the Holder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (i) shall not increase the par value of any shares of Common Stock receivable upon the exercise of this Warrant above the Exercise Price then in effect, (ii) shall take all such actions as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and nonassessable shares of Common Stock upon the exercise of this Warrant, and (iii) shall, so long as this Warrant is outstanding, take all action reasonably necessary to reserve and keep available out of its authorized and unissued shares of Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting the exercise of this Warrant, 100% of the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of this Warrant then outstanding.

5. WARRANT HOLDER NOT DEEMED A STOCKHOLDER . Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, the Holder shall not be entitled to vote or receive dividends or be deemed the holder of share capital of the Company for any purpose, nor shall anything contained in this Warrant be construed to confer upon the Holder any of the rights of a stockholder of the Company or any right to vote, give or withhold consent to any corporate action (whether any reorganization, issue of stock, reclassification of stock, consolidation, merger, conveyance or otherwise), receive notice of meetings, receive dividends or subscription rights, or otherwise, prior to the issuance to the Holder of the Warrant Shares that such Holder is then entitled to receive upon the due exercise of this Warrant. In addition, nothing contained in this Warrant shall be construed as imposing any liabilities on the Holder to purchase any securities (upon exercise of this Warrant or otherwise) or as a stockholder of the Company, whether such liabilities are asserted by the Company or by creditors of the Company.

6. REISSUANCE OF WARRANTS .

(a) Transfer of Warrant . This Warrant may only be transferred to a Permitted Transferee in accordance with applicable securities laws. If this Warrant is to be transferred, the Holder shall surrender this Warrant to the Company, together with an opinion of counsel to the Holder regarding compliance of the proposed transfer with applicable securities laws and such other documentation as may be reasonably requested by the Company, whereupon the Company will forthwith issue and deliver upon the order of the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 6(c)), registered as the Holder may request, representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares being transferred by the Holder and, if less than the total number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant is being transferred, a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 6(c)) to the Holder representing the right to purchase the number of Warrant Shares not being transferred. The Holder shall pay any transfer tax imposed in connection with such assignment (if any). Except as provided in the preceding sentence, any transfer or exchange of this Warrant shall be without charge to the Holder.

(b) Lost, Stolen or Mutilated Warrant . Upon receipt by the Company of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of this Warrant, and, in the case of loss, theft or destruction, of any indemnification undertaking by the Holder to the Company in customary form and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender and

 

7


cancellation of this Warrant, the Company shall execute and deliver to the Holder a new Warrant (in accordance with Section 6(c)) representing the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant. In such event, the Holder shall pay the Company’s reasonable costs of issuing a new Warrant to the Holder.

(c) Issuance of New Warrants . Whenever the Company is required to issue a new Warrant pursuant to the terms of this Warrant, such new Warrant (i) shall be of like tenor with this Warrant, (ii) shall represent, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant, the right to purchase the Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant (or in the case of a new Warrant being issued pursuant to Section 6(a), the Warrant Shares designated by the Holder which, when added to the number of shares of Common Stock underlying the other new Warrants issued in connection with such issuance, does not exceed the number of Warrant Shares then underlying this Warrant), (iii) shall have an issuance date, as indicated on the face of such new Warrant which is the same as the Issuance Date, and (iv) shall have the same rights and conditions as this Warrant.

7. COMPLIANCE WITH SECURITIES ACT . The Holder, by acceptance of this Warrant, agrees to comply in all respects with the provisions of this Section 7 and the restrictive legend requirements set forth on the face of this Warrant and further agrees that such Holder shall not offer, sell or otherwise dispose of this Warrant or any Warrant Shares to be issued upon exercise hereof except under circumstances that will not result in a violation of the Securities Act. This Warrant and all Warrant Shares issued upon exercise of this Warrant (unless registered under the Securities Act) shall be stamped or imprinted with a legend in substantially the following form:

“THIS WARRANT AND THE SECURITIES FOR WHICH THIS WARRANT IS EXERCISABLE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SECURITIES MAY NOT BE SOLD, OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, TRANSFERRED OR ASSIGNED IN THE ABSENCE OF AN EFFECTIVE REGISTRATION STATEMENT FOR THE SECURITIES UNDER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS, OR UNLESS OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED OR TRANSFERRED PURSUANT TO AN AVAILABLE EXEMPTION FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THOSE LAWS.”

8. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES . The Company hereby represents and warrants to the Holder as follows:

(a) The Company is duly incorporated, validly existing and in good standing under the laws of the State of Delaware, with full corporate power and authority to conduct its business as currently conducted.

(b) The Company has the requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Warrant and to perform its obligations hereunder. The execution and delivery of this Warrant by Company and the performance by Company of its obligations hereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action on the part of Company. This Warrant has

 

8


been duly executed and delivered by Company and constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other laws affecting creditors’ rights generally and general principles of equity.

(c) The authorized capital stock of Company consists of 200,000,000 shares of Common Stock, 6,294,725 of which shares are issued and outstanding as of the close of business on the day prior to the date hereof, and 50,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.01 per share, 0 shares of which are issued and outstanding as of the close of business on the day prior to the date hereof. No shares of capital stock are held in Company’s treasury. All outstanding shares of the Company’s Common Stock are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and were issued in compliance with all applicable legal requirements, including all applicable securities laws.

9. NOTICES . All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Warrant shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon the earlier of actual receipt or: (i) personal delivery to the party to be notified; (ii) five (5) days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid; or (iii) one (1) Business Day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, freight prepaid, specifying next business day delivery, with written verification of receipt, in each case addressed as follows; provided that if any attempted delivery of notice in accordance with the provisions of this Section 9 is refused or rejected, such notice shall be deemed received as of the date of the attempted delivery of such notice:

If to the Company:

Albireo Pharma, Inc.

50 Milk Street, 16th Floor

Boston, MA 02109

United States

Attn: Chief Executive Officer

Attn: General Counsel

and

If to the Holder:

Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited

25-28 Old Burlington Street

London W1S 3AN

United Kingdom

Attn: Maurizio Petitbon

With copies (which shall not constitute notice) to:

Charles Russell Speechlys LLP

5 Fleet Place

London EC4M 7RD

United Kingdom

Facsimile: +44 (0) 20-7427-6600

Attention: Chris Putt, Esq.

and

Golenbock Eiseman Assor Bell & Peskoe LLP

437 Madison Avenue

New York, NY 10022

United States

Facsimile: (212) 754-0330

Attention: Robert B. Zimmerman, Esq.

or such other addresses as shall be furnished in writing by any party to the other parties in the manner for giving notices hereunder.

 

9


10. AMENDMENT AND WAIVER . Except as otherwise provided herein, this Warrant may only be amended, modified or supplemented by an agreement in writing signed by the Holder and the Company. No waiver by the Company or the Holder of any of the provisions hereof shall be effective unless explicitly set forth in writing and signed by the party so waiving. No waiver by either party shall operate or be construed as a waiver in respect of any failure, breach or default not expressly identified by such written waiver, whether of a similar or different character, and whether occurring before or after that waiver. No failure to exercise, or delay in exercising, any rights, remedy, power or privilege arising from this Warrant shall operate or be construed as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, remedy, power or privilege.

11. GOVERNING LAW . This Warrant shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with, and all questions concerning the construction, validity, interpretation and performance of this Warrant shall be governed by, the internal laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflict of law provision or rule (whether of the State of New York or any other jurisdictions) that would cause the application of the laws of any jurisdictions other than the State of New York. Each party hereby irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts sitting in The City of New York, Borough of Manhattan, for the adjudication of any dispute hereunder or in connection herewith or with any transaction contemplated hereby or discussed herein, and hereby irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert in any suit, action or proceeding, any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of any such court, that such suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum or that the venue of such suit, action or proceeding is improper. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to limit in any way any right to serve process in any manner permitted by law. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed or operate to preclude either party from bringing suit or taking other legal action against the other party in any other jurisdiction to enforce a judgment or other court ruling in favor of the such party. EACH PARTY HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO, AND AGREES NOT TO REQUEST, A JURY TRIAL FOR THE ADJUDICATION OF ANY DISPUTE HEREUNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING OUT OF THIS WARRANT OR ANY TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

12. SEVERABILITY . If any provision of this Warrant is prohibited by law or otherwise determined to be invalid or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, the provision that would otherwise be prohibited, invalid or unenforceable shall be deemed amended

 

10


to apply to the broadest extent that it would be valid and enforceable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of this Warrant so long as this Warrant as so modified continues to express, without material change, the original intentions of the parties as to the subject matter hereof and the prohibited nature, invalidity or unenforceability of the provision(s) in question does not substantially impair the respective expectations or reciprocal obligations of the parties or the practical realization of the benefits that would otherwise be conferred upon the parties. The parties will endeavor in good faith negotiations to replace the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s) with a valid provision(s), the effect of which comes as close as possible to that of the prohibited, invalid or unenforceable provision(s).

13. CONSTRUCTION; HEADINGS . This Warrant shall be deemed to be jointly drafted by the Company and the Holder and shall not be construed against any Person as the drafter hereof. The headings of this Warrant are for convenience of reference and shall not form part of, or affect the interpretation of, this Warrant.

14. DISPUTE RESOLUTION . In the case of a dispute as to the determination of the Exercise Price or the arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares, the Company shall submit the disputed determinations or arithmetic calculations, as the case may be, via facsimile within two (2) Business Days of receipt of the Exercise Notice giving rise to such dispute to the Holder. If the Holder and the Company are unable to agree upon such determination or calculation of the Exercise Price or the Warrant Shares within three (3) Business Days of such disputed determination or arithmetic calculation being submitted to the Holder, then the Company shall, within two (2) Business Days submit via facsimile (a) the disputed determination of the Exercise Price to a reputable investment bank selected by the Company and acceptable to the Holder, acting reasonably, or (b) the disputed arithmetic calculation of the Warrant Shares to the Company’s outside accountant. The Company shall cause the investment bank or the accountant, as the case may be, to perform the determinations or calculations and notify the Company and the Holder of the results no later than ten (10) Business Days from the time it receives the disputed determinations or calculations. Such investment bank’s or accountant’s determination or calculation, as the case may be, shall be binding upon all parties absent demonstrable error. The expenses of the investment bank or accountant shall be borne by whichever of the Company or the Holder whose determination or calculation is furthest from the determination or calculation by such investment bank or accountant, as the case may be.

15. REMEDIES, OTHER OBLIGATIONS, BREACHES AND INJUNCTIVE RELIEF . The Holder, in addition to being entitled to exercise all rights granted by law, including recovery of damages, will be entitled to seek specific performance of its rights under this Warrant. The Company agrees that monetary damages may not be adequate compensation for any loss incurred by reason of a breach by it of the provisions of this Warrant.

16. TRANSFER . Subject to compliance with all applicable securities laws and the provisions of this Warrant, this Warrant may be sold, transferred or assigned without the consent of the Company.

 

11


17. CERTAIN DEFINITIONS . For purposes of this Warrant, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(a) “Albireo Loan” means that certain Amended and Restated Agreement for the Provision of a Loan Facility of up to €6,000,000 Dated 18 December 2014, as Amended by a Deed of Variation Dated 4 February 2016 and as Amended and Restated on the Issuance Date, pursuant to a Supplemental Agreement Dated 24 May 2016, by and among Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited (“ Kreos UK ”), Albireo Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales, Albireo AB, a company incorporated in Sweden, and Elobix AB, a company incorporated in Sweden.

(b) Affiliate has the meaning ascribed in Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.

(c) “ Bloomberg ” means Bloomberg Financial Markets.

(d) “ Business Day ” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in The City of New York are authorized or required by law to remain closed.

(e) “ Closing Sale Price ” means, for any security as of any date, the last closing trade price for such security on the Principal Market, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market begins to operate on an extended hours basis and does not designate the closing trade price, then the last trade price of such security prior to 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal securities exchange or trading market for such security, the last trade price of such security on the principal securities exchange or trading market where such security is listed or traded as reported by Bloomberg, or if the foregoing does not apply, the last trade price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no last trade price is reported for such security by Bloomberg, the average of the ask prices of any market makers for such security as reported in the “pink sheets” by OTC Markets Group Inc. (formerly Pink Sheets LLC). If the Closing Sale Price cannot be calculated for a security on a particular date on any of the foregoing bases, the Closing Sale Price, as the case may be, of such security on such date shall be the fair market value as mutually determined by the Company and the Holder. All such determinations to be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination or other similar transaction during the applicable calculation period.

(f) “ Common Stock ” means (i) the Company’s shares of Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share, and (ii) any share capital into which such Common Stock shall have been changed or any share capital resulting from a reclassification of such Common Stock.

(g) “ Expiration Date ” means the date five (5) years after the Issuance Date or, if such date falls on a day other than a Business Day or on which trading does not take place on the Principal Market (a “ Holiday ”), the next date that is not a Holiday.

(h) “ Fundamental Transaction ” means that (a) the Company shall, directly or indirectly, in one or more related transactions, (i) consolidate or merge with or into (whether or not the Company is the surviving corporation, unless the holders of the Company’s voting power immediately prior to such transaction or series of related transactions continue after such transaction or series of related transactions to have a majority of the voting power of the

 

12


surviving entity) another Person, or (ii) sell, assign, transfer, convey or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the properties or assets of the Company to another Person, or (iii) allow another Person, through an agreement negotiated with the Company, to make a purchase, tender or exchange offer that is accepted by the holders of more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (including any shares of Common Stock held by the Person or Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the Persons making or party to, such purchase, tender or exchange offer), or (iv) consummate a stock purchase agreement or other business combination (including, without limitation, a reorganization, recapitalization, spin-off or scheme of arrangement) with another Person whereby such other Person acquires more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock (including any shares of Common Stock held by the other Person or other Persons making or party to, or associated or affiliated with the other Persons making or party to, such stock purchase agreement or other business combination), or (v) reorganize, recapitalize or reclassify its Common Stock; or (b) any “person” or “group” (as these terms are used for purposes of Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is or shall become the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of fifty percent (50%) of the aggregate ordinary voting power represented by issued and outstanding Common Stock.

(i) “ Permitted Securities ” means any shares or equity securities issued by the Company (i) as the consequence of any exercise of rights by the Holder under this Warrant; (ii) under or in connection with any stock option or equity incentive plan approved by the Board of Directors of the Company or any subsidiary for the benefit of the officers, directors, employees or consultants of the Company or any subsidiary; or (iii) pursuant to the conversion of any convertible securities issued and outstanding prior to or on the Issuance Date.

(j) “Permitted Transferee” means (i) any Affiliate of the Holder; (ii) any fund or financial institution the business of which involves making or holding equity or debt (or a combination of equity and debt) investments; or (iii) in the context of a Secondary Transaction, any third-party; provided that in no circumstances shall a competitor to the Company be a Permitted Transferee.

(k) “ Person ” means an individual, a partnership, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization and a governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.

(l) “ Principal Market ” means the Nasdaq Capital Market.

(m) “Secondary Transaction” means any transaction in which the Holder sells its interest in this Warrant, as a package, together with the interest in the Albireo Loan held by Kreos UK (or by any Person to whom Kreos UK has assigned such interests in accordance with the terms thereof), to a third-party and such third-party assumes any remaining funding or other obligations under the Albireo Loan of Kreos UK (or of any Person to whom Kreos UK has transferred such obligations in accordance with the terms thereof).

 

13


(n) “ Successor Entity ” means the Person formed by, resulting from or surviving any Fundamental Transaction or the Person with which such Fundamental Transaction shall have been entered into.

(o) “ Trading Day ” means any day on which the Common Stock is traded on the Principal Market, or, if the Principal Market is not the principal trading market for the Common Stock, then on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the Common Stock is then traded; provided that “Trading Day” shall not include any day on which the Common Stock is scheduled to trade on such exchange or market for less than 4.5 hours or any day that the Common Stock is suspended from trading during the final hour of trading on such exchange or market (or if such exchange or market does not designate in advance the closing time of trading on such exchange or market, then during the hour ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York City time).

[Signature Page Follows]

 

14


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Company has caused this Warrant to Purchase Common Stock to be duly executed as of the Issuance Date set out above.

 

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.
By:  

/s/ Ron Cooper

  Name:   Ron Cooper
  Title:   President and CEO

Albireo Pharma Warrant Signature Page

 

15


EXHIBIT A

EXERCISE NOTICE

TO BE EXECUTED BY THE REGISTERED HOLDER TO EXERCISE THIS

WARRANT TO PURCHASE COMMON STOCK

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.

The undersigned holder hereby exercises the right to purchase                  shares of Common Stock (“ Warrant Shares ”) of Albireo Pharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), evidenced by the attached Warrant to Purchase Common Stock (the “ Warrant ”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the respective meanings set forth in the Warrant.

1. Form of Exercise Price. The Holder intends that payment of the Exercise Price shall be made as:

a “ Cash Exercise ” with respect to                  Warrant Shares; and/or

a “ Cashless Exercise ” with respect to                  Warrant Shares.

2. Payment of Exercise Price. In the event that the holder has elected a Cash Exercise with respect to some or all of the Warrant Shares to be issued pursuant hereto, the holder shall pay the Aggregate Exercise Price in the sum of $          to the Company in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

3. Delivery of Warrant Shares. The Company shall deliver to the holder                  Warrant Shares in accordance with the terms of the Warrant.

Date:                     

 

 

Name of Registered Holder
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:


ACKNOWLEDGMENT

The Company hereby acknowledges this Exercise Notice and hereby directs its transfer agent [                      ] (the “Transfer Agent”) to issue the above indicated number of shares of Common Stock in accordance with the Transfer Agent Instructions dated                      , 2016 from the Company and acknowledged and agreed to by the Transfer Agent.

 

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

Exhibit 10.1

 

LOGO

 

DATED   MAY 24, 2016

(1)     KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED

(2)     ALBIREO LIMITED

(3)     ALBIREO AB

(4)     ELOBIX AB

 

 

SUPPLEMENTAL DEED

relating to a Loan Agreement

dated 18 December 2014

 

 

5 Fleet Place London EC4M 7RD

Tel: +44 (0)20 7203 5000 ● Fax: +44 (0)20 7203 0200 ● DX: 19 London/Chancery Lane

www.charlesrussellspeechlys.com


CONTENTS

 

1

 

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

     1   

2

 

SHARE EXCHANGE AGREEMENT & ASSOCIATED WAIVERS

     3   

3

 

AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

     4   

4

 

INTRA-GROUP LOAN AGREEMENT

     4   

5

 

GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

     4   

6

 

EFFECT UPON THE LOAN DOCUMENTS

     4   

7

 

TERMINATION

     4   

8

 

EXISTING SECURITY

     5   

9

 

WARRANTIES AND REPRESENTATIONS

     5   

10

 

COSTS AND EXPENSES

     6   

11

 

FURTHER ASSURANCES

     6   

12

 

THIRD PARTIES

     6   

13

 

COUNTERPARTS

     6   

14

 

ENTIRE AGREEMENT

     6   

15

 

CONFIDENTIALITY

     6   

16

 

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

     7   

SCHEDULE 1

     8   

SCHEDULE 2

     9   

SCHEDULE 3

     10   


THIS SUPPLEMENTAL DEED (this Deed ) is made as a deed on 24 May 2016 BETWEEN:

 

(1) KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED , a company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 07758282 and whose registered office is at 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN ( Lender ); and

 

(2) ALBIREO LIMITED , a company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 06445879 and whose registered office is at First Floor, 100 Victoria Embankment, London EC4Y 0DH ( Borrower ); and

 

(3) ALBIREO AB , a company incorporated in Sweden with registered number 5567374631 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden ( Guarantor 1 ); and

 

(4) ELOBIX AB , a company incorporated in Sweden with registered number 5569469421 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden ( Guarantor 2 ),

together the “ Parties ” and each a “ Party ”.

BACKGROUND

 

(A) This Deed is supplemental to an agreement between the Parties for the provision of a loan facility of up to 6,000,000 euros dated 18 December 2014, as amended pursuant to a deed of variation between the Parties dated 4 February 2016, (the Loan Agreement ) and certain Finance Documents as defined in the Loan Agreement ( Finance Documents ) (together being referred to as the Loan Documents ).

 

(B) The Parties have agreed to vary the Loan Documents in the manner set out in this Deed in connection with the purchase and sale of all or substantially all of the outstanding share capital in the Borrower to Biodel Inc. and the concurrent equity fundraising by the Borrower, in each case as contemplated by the Share Exchange Agreement ( Transaction ). This Deed is supplemental to the Loan Documents.

AGREED PROVISIONS

 

1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 

1.1 In this Deed the following expressions shall have the following meanings:

 

  1.1.1 Biodel : means a Delaware corporation named Biodel, Inc. on the date of this Deed and contemplated to be renamed Albireo Pharma, Inc. from or shortly after Closing;

 

  1.1.2 Closing : has the meaning given in the Share Exchange Agreement;

 

1


  1.1.3 Effective Date : means the date on which the last of the following events occurs:

 

  (a) Closing;

 

  (b) entry into the Guarantee and Security Agreement by Biodel in accordance with clause 5; and

 

  (c) execution and issuance of the Replacement Warrant in accordance with clause 2.1 of the Warrant Substitution Agreement;

 

  1.1.4 End Date: means the first to occur of the Effective Date or the date on which this Deed terminates pursuant to clause 7;

 

  1.1.5 Further Fundraising : means the unconditional subscription for the issue and allotment of shares in the Borrower:

 

  (a) by shareholders and loan note holders of the Borrower as set out in the Share Exchange Agreement; or

 

  (b) by such parties on such terms as approved in writing by the Lender, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed;

 

  1.1.6 Guarantee and Security Agreement : means the guarantee and security agreement in substantially the form set out in schedule 3 hereto;

 

  1.1.7 Guarantors : together Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2;

 

  1.1.8 Share Exchange Agreement : means the share exchange agreement in the agreed form entered into between the Borrower, Biodel and the shareholders and loan note holders of the Borrower on or around the date of this Deed;

 

  1.1.9 Replacement Warrant : means the warrant to purchase shares of the common stock of Biodel in substantially the form set out at schedule 1 to the Warrant Substitution Agreement; and

 

  1.1.10 Warrant Substitution Agreement : means the warrant substitution agreement entered into by Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited and the Borrower on or about the date of this Deed.

 

1.2 Unless otherwise provided in this Deed or where the context otherwise requires, terms and expressions defined in the Loan Documents shall have the same meanings where used in this Deed.

 

1.3 The rules of interpretation of the Loan Agreement shall apply to this Deed as if set out in this Deed, save that the references in the Loan Agreement to this Agreement shall be construed as references to this Deed.

 

1.4 Unless the context otherwise requires, in this Deed any reference to a clause or schedule is to a clause or schedule (as the case may be) of or to this Deed.

 

2


2 SHARE EXCHANGE AGREEMENT & ASSOCIATED WAIVERS

 

2.1 The Parties agree and acknowledge that the entry by Borrower and its shareholders and loan note holders into the Share Exchange Agreement and performance by the Borrower and its shareholders and loan note holders of their respective obligations under or in connection with the Share Exchange Agreement shall not:

 

  2.1.1 constitute an Event of Default under the terms of the Loan Agreement; nor

 

  2.1.2 result in a deemed service of notice under clauses 5.4.1.1 and 5.4.2 of the Loan Agreement.

 

2.2 The Lender hereby waives each and any breach of the Loan Agreement of the type described below occurring prior to the date of this Deed:

 

  2.2.1 any late, non- or incomplete delivery by the Borrower or a Guarantor of the information required by clauses 8.1.1 through 8.1.8 of the Loan Agreement;

 

  2.2.2 any breach by a Guarantor of clause 8.1.27 of the Loan Agreement as consequence of any cash payments that have been made by a Guarantor to an account of Albireo, Inc. that is not subject to a Security Interest in favour of the Lender (provided that such cash payments have not resulted in the aggregate cash balance across all accounts of Albireo, Inc. being greater than US$200,000 at any one time); and

 

  2.2.3 without prejudice to any claims for default interest or other costs and charges arising from late payments, any late payments by the Borrower of amounts due under the Loan Agreement.

 

2.3 The Lender hereby agrees that no cash payment made by a Guarantor, on or after the date of this Deed, to an account of Albireo, Inc. that is not subject to a Security Interest in favour of the Lender shall constitute a breach of clause 8.1.27 of the Loan Agreement, unless such payment will result in the aggregate cash balance across all accounts of Albireo, Inc. being greater than US$100,000 at any one time (other than where such payment is being transferred by a Guarantor for the purpose of Albireo, Inc. paying employee compensation, in which case such cash balance will not exceed US$200,000 at any one time and Borrower shall notify the Lender concurrently with or before such transfer and supply the Lender with reasonable supporting information to demonstrate that such payment is for purposes of employee compensation).

 

2.4 The Borrower represents to the Lender that, at the date of this Deed, the activities of Albireo, Inc. comprise only of providing management, corporate development and administrative services to the Group and undertakes to the Lender that no extension in the activities of Albireo, Inc. shall occur, (other than an extension of activities as a consequence of the appointment of a Chief Medical Officer or a person in similar role), without the prior written consent of the Lender, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

3


3 AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

With effect on and from the Effective Date, the terms of the Loan Agreement shall be replaced in their entirety by the terms of the amended and restated Loan Agreement set out in Schedule 1 to this Deed (the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement ).

 

4 INTRA-GROUP LOAN AGREEMENT

No later than two (2) Business Days after the Effective Date:

 

4.1 the Lender, Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 shall each deliver and release to the Borrower their executed (but undated) counterpart of the deed of variation of and accession to the Intra-Group Loan Agreement in the form set out in Schedule 2 to this Deed (the Deed of Variation & Accession ); and

 

4.2 the Borrower shall procure that Biodel delivers and releases to the Borrower its duly executed (but undated) counterpart of the Deed of Variation & Accession.

 

5 GUARANTEE AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

No later than two (2) Business Days after the Effective Date, the Borrower shall procure that Biodel shall enter into the Guarantee and Security Agreement.

 

6 EFFECT UPON THE LOAN DOCUMENTS

 

6.1 The terms of the Loan Documents shall remain in full force and effect save as amended in accordance with clauses 3 and 4 of this Deed and the Loan Documents shall be read together with this Deed.

 

6.2 Without prejudice to the obligations of the Borrower and the Guarantors under the Loan Documents, the Borrower shall, as from the date hereof until the End Date, provide all information relating to the Transaction as the Lender may reasonably require, including any amendments to the Share Exchange Agreement, the registration statement filed with the SEC and any amendments thereto, cap tables and the calculations for the Exchange Ratio (as defined in the Share Exchange Agreement) required pursuant to the Share Exchange Agreement as the same shall be produced from time to time.

 

6.3 Subject to clause 2 above, the Lender reserves all rights or remedies it may have now or in the future and nothing herein shall waive or otherwise prejudice any right or remedy of the Lender under the Loan Documents.

 

7 TERMINATION

 

7.1 This Deed will terminate with immediate effect upon the occurrence of any of the following events:

 

  7.1.1 the termination of the Share Exchange Agreement,

 

  7.1.2 the amendment or waiver, prior to Closing, of any material provision or right contained in the Share Exchange Agreement, or any document entered into in respect thereof, where such amendment or waiver is, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, materially adverse to the Borrower and has not been approved in advance by the Lender, and such termination is confirmed by notice from the Lender to the Borrower; or

 

  7.1.3 Closing not occurring by 31 December 2016.

 

4


7.2 Without prejudice to the Lender’s rights under clause 7.1.2, furthermore, unless the Lender otherwise agrees in writing, this Deed will have been deemed to have terminated immediately prior to Closing, where Closing occurs, but:

 

  7.2.1 Company Net Cash (as defined in the Share Exchange Agreement) together with any Further Fundraising between the date of this Deed and the Closing, is an amount, in aggregate, of less than US$20,000,000; or

 

  7.2.2 the Sellers (as defined in the Share Exchange Agreement) in aggregate, own less than 60% of the pro forma capitalization of Biodel upon Closing.

 

8 EXISTING SECURITY

 

8.1 The Borrower confirms, acknowledges and agrees that the Security Documents:

 

  8.1.1 other than any Security Documents governed by Swedish law, rank as a continuing security for the payment and discharge of the Loan including, without limitation, all present and future monies, obligations and liabilities owed by the Borrower to the Lender, whether actual or contingent and whether owed jointly or severally, as principal or surety and/or in any other capacity, under or in connection with Loan Documents; and

 

  8.1.2 governed by Swedish law, shall continue to secure the Secured Obligations (as defined in each Security Document governed by Swedish law); and

 

  8.1.3 shall continue in full force and effect in all respects and the Security Documents and this Deed shall be read and construed together.

 

9 WARRANTIES AND REPRESENTATIONS

 

9.1 The Borrower makes the representations and warranties set out in this clause 9 to the Lender on the date of this Deed and on the Effective Date by reference to the facts and circumstances existing on each such date.

 

9.2 Save for the obligations of the Borrower to procure actions by Biodel as set out in clauses 4.2 and 5 (the Biodel Obligations) , the Borrower and each Guarantor has the power and authority to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Deed and the transactions and other documents contemplated by it.

 

9.3 The execution, delivery and performance of the obligations in, and transactions and other documents contemplated by, this Deed do not and will not contravene or conflict with its constitutional documents and/or any agreement binding on the Borrower, each Guarantor or the Borrower’s and each Guarantor’s assets or constitute a default or a termination event (however described) under any such agreement or instrument.

 

9.4 Save in respect of the Biodel Obligations, the Borrower and each Guarantor has taken all necessary action and obtained all required or desirable authorisations to enable it to execute, deliver and perform its obligations under this Deed and any transactions or other documents contemplated by it and that any such authorisations are in full force and effect.

 

5


10 COSTS AND EXPENSES

The Borrower shall promptly or, failing which, within fifteen Business Days of demand, pay to the Lender an amount equal to all costs and expenses (including value added tax) incurred by the Lender in relation to the preparation, negotiation and issuing of this Deed and the transactions and other documents contemplated by it (including any amendments thereto or the enforcement thereof).

 

11 FURTHER ASSURANCES

The Borrower and the Guarantors agree that each shall, on the request of the Lender and at its own expenses execute, do or procure all such actions, documents or things as may be necessary to give effect to the terms of this Deed and the transactions and other documents contemplated it.

 

12 THIRD PARTIES

A person who is not a party to this Deed cannot enforce or enjoy the benefit of any term of this Deed under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999.

 

13 COUNTERPARTS

This Deed may be executed in any number of counterparts and this shall have the same effect as if the signatures on such counterparts were on a single copy of this Deed.

 

14 ENTIRE AGREEMENT

This Deed constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties and supersedes and extinguishes all previous agreements, promises, assurances, warranties, representations and understandings between them, whether written or oral, relating to its subject matter.

 

15 CONFIDENTIALITY

The Parties acknowledge and agree that the Borrower may disclose, and may authorise Biodel to disclose this Deed, any of the Loan Documents and/or any of the information contained therein to the extent required to be disclosed pursuant to or in connection with the Share Exchange Agreement, including but not limited to, any documents required to be disclosed or any information required to be provided as part of the process of preparing and filing with the SEC a Registration Statement on Form S-4.

 

6


16 GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

 

16.1 This Deed and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Law of England and Wales.

 

16.2 The Parties irrevocably agree that the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim that arises out of or in connection with this Deed or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims). Nothing in this clause shall limit the right of the Lender to take proceedings against the Borrower in any other court of competent jurisdiction, nor shall the taking of proceedings in any one or more jurisdictions preclude the taking of proceedings in any other jurisdiction, whether concurrently or not, to the extent permitted by the law of such other jurisdiction.

This agreement is executed as a deed and is delivered on the day and year first before written.

 

7


SCHEDULE 1

Amended and Restated Loan Agreement

 

8


AMENDED AND RESTATED AGREEMENT

AGREEMENT FOR THE PROVISION OF A LOAN FACILITY

OF UP TO €6,000,000

Dated 18 December 2014 (“Agreement Date”)

(As amended by a Deed of Variation dated 4 February 2016 and as amended and restated by a Supplemental Agreement dated      May 2016 (“Restatement Date”))

Between

KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED, a company incorporated in England and Wales under registered number 07758282 whose registered office is at 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London, W1S 3AN (the “ Lender ”, which expression shall include its successors and assigns);

ALBIREO LIMITED , a company incorporated in England and Wales under registered number 06445879 whose registered office is at First Floor, 100 Victoria Embankment, London EC4Y 0DH (the “ Borrower ”);

ALBIREO AB , a company incorporated in Sweden under registered number 556737-4631 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden (“ Guarantor 1 ”); and

ELOBIX AB , a company incorporated in Sweden under registered number 556946-9421 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden (“ Guarantor 2 ”).

WHEREAS:

 

1. The Borrower wishes to borrow up to the Total Loan Facility (as defined below) and the Lender wishes to make the Total Loan Facility available to the Borrower on the terms of this agreement (the “ Loan Agreement ”); and

 

2. The Borrower hereby confirms that on or about the Agreement Date it shall enter into the Initial Security Documents as security for monies borrowed by the Borrower hereunder.

 

1


LOAN FACILITY TERMS:

 

Total Loan Facility   

€6,000,000 to be drawn down in one or multiple tranches as follows:

 

(i) Tranche 1: no less than €2,000,000 (two million Euros) but no more than €6,000,000 (six million Euros)

 

(ii) Further Tranche(s): the balance of unutilised sums not drawn down in Tranche 1, subject to the Minimum Drawdown Amount requirement

 

Expiry Date   

Tranche 1: 31 December 2014

 

Further Tranches: 1 June 2015

 

(subject to Clause 3.4 below)

Advance Payment   

In respect of Tranche 1: €228,882.53 (calculated by reference to the Repayment Schedule set out in Part B of Schedule A)

 

In relation to each Further Tranche(s) an amount equal to the last Monthly Repayment inclusive of principal and interest as set out in the applicable Repayment Schedule

Repayment Term   

Thirty-six (36) months (in respect of each Tranche)

 

With respect to each Tranche, the first six (6) monthly instalments shall be interest only followed by thirty(30) monthly instalments comprising principal and interest

Transaction Fee    1% of the Total Loan Facility, with payment to be satisfied by way of a corresponding reduction in the Tranche 1 proceeds or otherwise payable in accordance with Clause 11.1 below
End of Loan Payment    1.25% of the amount drawn down under each Tranche payable at expiration of each Loan Term
Minimum Drawdown Amount    €2,000,000 (two million Euros) in respect of each Tranche

 

1 DEFINITIONS

In this Loan Agreement, including the recitals set out above, unless otherwise defined:

 

1.1 A3309 Business ” means the development and exploitation of the A3309 Patents pursuant to the A3309 Business Agreements,

 

2


1.2 A3309 Business Agreements ” means the Asset Transfer Agreement, the G&S Services Agreement and R&D Services Agreement both between Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 dated 18 December 2013, the Intra-Group Loan Agreement, the Licence Agreements and this Loan Agreement;

 

1.3 A3309 Patents ” means the patents and patent applications listed in Part 2 of Schedule C, together with any improvements and continuations;

 

1.4 A4250 Patents ” means the patents and patent applications listed in Part 1 of Schedule C together with any improvements and continuations;

 

1.5 Accounts ” means in relation to the Borrower, the audited annual profit and loss account and balance sheet of the Borrower for the period ended on 31 December 2013;

 

1.6 Advance Payment ” has the meaning given in Clause 5.1 and is in the amount set forth above in the Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.7 Affiliate ” means, in relation to any person, a subsidiary of that person or a holding company of that person or any other subsidiary of that holding company;

 

1.8 Applicable Interest Rate ” has the meaning given in Clause 6.1;

 

1.9 Albireo Pharma ” means a Delaware corporation renamed Albireo Pharma, Inc. (formerly known as Biodel Inc.) upon completion of the Albireo Reverse Transaction;

 

1.10 Albireo Reverse Transaction ” means the sale of the entire issued share capital of the Borrower to Albireo Pharma in which the shareholders in the Borrower immediately prior to such sale collectively hold more than 50% of the common stock of Albireo Pharma immediately following completion of such sale;

 

1.11 Asset Transfer Agreement ” means the asset transfer agreement dated 18 December 2013 between Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2, pursuant to which certain assets were transferred from Guarantor 1 to Guarantor 2;

 

1.12 Business Day ” means any day on which banks are generally open for business in London and Stockholm other than a Saturday or Sunday;

 

1.13 Business Plan ” means the business plan and budget for the Group dated 25 November 2014;

 

1.14 Change of Control ” means a situation where any person, or group of connected persons not having control (as defined in sections 450 and 451 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010) of a Group Company on the Restatement Date acquires control of the relevant Group Company (including any situation where control of any Group Company is acquired as a consequence or in connection with the listing of equity securities on any stock exchange);

 

1.15 Charged Assets ” means the assets and undertaking charged or to be charged to the Lender from time to time pursuant to the Security Documents;

 

1.16 Companies Registrar ” means the Registrar of Companies in England and Wales and /or the equivalent in any relevant foreign jurisdiction;

 

1.17 Conditions Subsequent ” means the conditions set out in clause 3.8;

 

3


1.18 Confidential Information ” means all information relating to the Borrower, any Guarantor, the Group, the Finance Documents or the Loan of which the Lender becomes aware (or has become aware) in its capacity as, or for the purpose of becoming, a Lender or which is received by the Lender in relation to, or for the purpose of becoming the Lender under, the Finance Documents or the Loan, from any member of the Group or any of its advisers, in whatever written form, and includes information given in any document, electronic file or any other way of representing or recording information which contains or is derived or copied from such information but excludes information that:

 

  (i) is or becomes public information other than as a direct or indirect result of any breach by the Lender of Clause 17; or

 

  (ii) is not identified in writing at the time of delivery as confidential by any member of the Group or any of its advisers or which cannot reasonably be considered to be confidential;

 

  (iii) is known by the Lender before the date the information is disclosed to it in accordance with paragraphs (i) or (ii) above or is lawfully obtained by the Lender after that date, from a source which is, as far as the Lender is aware, unconnected with the Group and which, in either case, as far as the Lender is aware, has not been obtained in breach of, and is not otherwise subject to, any obligation of confidentiality;

 

1.19 Confidentiality Agreement ” means a confidentiality agreement in the form agreed by the Borrower and the Lender;

 

1.20 Confirmatory Assignments ” means the assignment of the A4250 Patents from AstraZeneca AB to Albireo AB for Sweden, Germany and Great Britain and the assignment of the A3309 Patents from Astra Zeneca AB to Albireo AB for Sweden and from Albireo AB to Elobix AB for Germany, Great Britain, Sweden, USA and Canada, all in the agreed form;

 

1.21 Contractual Currency ” has the meaning given to it in Clause 5.3;

 

1.22 Drawdown ” means the drawdown of a Tranche under the Loan Facility;

 

1.23 Drawdown Date ” means, unless otherwise provided herein, the date on which any Tranche is actually advanced to the Borrower by the Lender;

 

1.24 Drawdown Notice ” means a drawdown notice served in accordance with Clause 3.2 in the form attached hereto as Schedule A (as may be amended by the Borrower with the prior written consent of the Lender);

 

1.25 End of Loan Payment ” means the End of Loan Payment set forth above under the Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.26 Event of Default ” means any of the events or circumstances described in Clause 9;

 

1.27 Expiry Date ” means in respect of each Tranche the date set forth above under the heading Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.28 Finance Documents ” means this Loan Agreement, the Security Documents, the Drawdown Notice, the Intra-Group Loan Agreement, the Shareholder Undertaking, the Subordination Agreement, the Confirmatory Assignments and any other document designated in writing as such by the Lender and the Borrower;

 

4


1.29 Financial Indebtedness ” means (i) monies borrowed, (ii) finance or capital leases, (iii) receivables sold or discounted (other than on a non-recourse basis), (iv) other transactions or arrangements having the commercial effect of borrowing, (v) the market to market value of derivative transactions entered into in connection with protection against or benefit from fluctuation in any rate or price, (vi) counter-indemnity obligations in respect of guarantees or other instruments issued by a bank or financial institution; and (vii) liabilities under guarantees or indemnities for any of the obligations referred to in items (i) to (vi);

 

1.30 First Drawdown ” means drawdown of Tranche 1 of this Loan Facility;

 

1.31 Fund Manager ” means a person whose principal business is to make, manage or advise upon investment in securities;

 

1.32 Group ” means (i) the Borrower and its subsidiaries (if any), (ii) any holding company of the Borrower, and (iii) any subsidiaries of such holding companies from time to time and “ Group Company ” means any member of the Group;

 

1.33 Guaranteed Obligations ”: all monies, debts and liabilities of any nature from time to time due, owing or incurred by the Borrower to the Lender under or in connection with any present or future debt facilities provided by the Lender to the Borrower;

 

1.34 Guarantors ” means each of Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2, and their successors and assigns from time to time;

 

1.35 Intellectual Property ” means copyrights and related rights (including, without limitation, rights in computer software), patents, supplementary protection certificates, utility models, trade marks, trade names, service marks, domain name registrations, registered and unregistered rights in designs, database rights, semi-conductor topography rights, plant variety rights, rights protectable by the law of passing off or by laws against unfair competition, rights in undisclosed or confidential information (such as know how, trade secrets and inventions (whether patentable or not)), and other similar intellectual property rights (whether registered or not) and applications for such rights as may exist anywhere in the world;

 

1.36 Interim Repayment ” means the payment in respect of interest accruing during the period from each Drawdown Date to the first Monthly Repayment Date being the amount of interest accruing at the Applicable Interest Rate on the amount drawn down for the period from and including the Drawdown Date to the First Monthly Repayment Date;

 

1.37 Initial Security Documents ” means the documents in the agreed form listed in Schedule B and dated on or about the Agreement Date;

 

1.38 Intra-Group Loan Agreement ” means the intra-group loan agreement, in the agreed form, entered into between the Lender and the Obligors (as amended, from time to time, in accordance with its terms);

 

1.39 Licence Agreements ” means the intellectual property licence agreements entered into between Guarantor 1 and each of Ferring International Center SA (“ Ferring ”) (now terminated) and EA Pharma Co., Ltd. (formerly known as Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd.) (“ Ajinomoto ”) dated 2 July 2012 and 2 April 2012 respectively and transferred by Guarantor 1 to Guarantor 2;

 

5


1.40 Loan ” means the loan to be made in accordance with the terms of this Loan Agreement;

 

1.41 Loan Facility ” means the loan facility set out in this Loan Agreement, as varied, amended or extended from time to time;

 

1.42 Loan Term ” means with respect to each Tranche, the period commencing on the Drawdown Date and expiring on the 36 th Monthly Repayment Date thereafter;

 

1.43 Minimum Drawdown Amount ” means the minimum amount permitted to be drawn down in each Tranche and is the amount set forth above under the heading Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.44 Monthly Repayment ” means a monthly repayment of a Loan as stated in the Repayment Schedule;

 

1.45 Monthly Repayment Date ” means the first Business Day of a calendar month, and “ First Monthly Repayment Date ” shall mean the first Monthly Repayment Date following the relevant Drawdown Date;

 

1.46 Obligor ” means each of the Borrower and Guarantors;

 

1.47 Guarantor 1 Accounts ” means the unaudited profit and loss account of Guarantor 1 for the period ended 31 December 2013;

 

1.48 Guarantor 2 Accounts ” means the unaudited profit and loss account of Guarantor 1 for the period ended 31 December 2013;

 

1.49 Patents ” means together the A3309 Patents and the A4250 Patents;

 

1.50 Permitted Cash Payment ” any cash payment made by a Guarantor to a bank account of Albireo, Inc. unless such payment will result in the aggregate cash balance across all accounts of Albireo, Inc. being greater than US$100,000 at any one time (other than where such payment is being transferred by a Guarantor for the purpose of Albireo, Inc. paying employee compensation, in which case such cash balance will not exceed US$200,000 at any one time and the Borrower shall notify the Lender concurrently with or before such transfer and supply the Lender with reasonable supporting information to demonstrate that such payment is for purposes of employee compensation);

 

1.51 Permitted Disposals ” shall mean:

 

  (i) any disposal of any obsolete or redundant vehicles, plant and equipment for cash;

 

  (ii) any disposal of Charged Assets that is permitted by the terms of the Finance Documents;

 

  (iii) the transfer of the A3309 Patents from Guarantor 1 to Guarantor 2 pursuant to the Asset Transfer Agreement and/or the relevant Confirmatory Assignment;

 

  (iv) any payment of cash to a third party in such Obligor’s ordinary course of business or any payment of cash to a member of the Group subject to clause 8.1.24;

 

  (v) any licencing of the Intellectual Property in the ordinary course of trading on an arm’s length basis, provided that the proceeds of such licensing are used for the business of the Group, which shall, for the avoidance of doubt, include repayment obligations in respect of the Loan;

 

  (vi) any licencing of Intellectual Property of the Group between the Obligors; and

 

  (vii) any sale of assets in the ordinary course of trading on arms length terms.

 

6


1.52 Permitted Security Interest ” shall mean: (i) any Security Interest provided to the Lender under this Loan Agreement or any Security Document, (ii), any netting or set off arrangement entered into by any Group Company in the ordinary course of its banking arrangements for the purpose of netting debit and credit balances, (iii) any lien arising by operation of law and in the ordinary course of trading, (iv) any Security Interest created or arising under or in connection with the Licence Agreements; and (v) any legal interest of AstraZeneca AB in the Patents referred to in the Confirmatory Assignments (pending registration of such assignments pursuant to Clause 3.8.1) and in any other patents or applications owned by any Group Company;

 

1.53 Permitted Transferee ” means any of:

 

  (i) a Related Fund;

 

  (ii) any Affiliate of the Lender;

 

  (iii) any custodian of the Lender;

 

  (iv) any fund or financial institution whose business involves making or holding equity or debt (or a combinations of debt and equity) investments; or

 

  (v) in the context of a secondary transaction (ie any transaction in which the Lender sells its interest in the Loan as a package, together with the interest in the Warrant Instrument (or any replacement thereof) held by Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited (or by any person to whom Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited has transferred or assigned such interests in accordance with the terms thereof), to a third party and such third party assumes any remaining funding or other obligations of the Lender under the Loan) any third party,

provided always that a person shall not be a Permitted Transferee to the extent that person is engaged, interested or concerned whether as principal, agent, representative, partner, director, employee, joint venturer, investor, consultant or otherwise in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology sectors (but in each case disregarding any holding of up to 5% of any class of securities of any company listed on a recognised investment exchange);

 

1.54 Related Fund ” in relation to a fund, partnership, company, syndicate or other entity whose business is managed by a Fund Manager (an “ Investment Fund ”) or a nominee of that person):

 

  (i) any participant or partner in or member of any such Investment Fund or the holders of any unit trust which is a participant or partner in or member of any Investment Fund (but only in connection with the dissolution of the Investment Fund or any distribution of assets of the Investment Fund pursuant to the operation of the Investment Fund in the ordinary course of business);

 

7


  (ii) any Investment Fund managed by that Fund Manager;

 

  (iii) any Parent Undertaking or Subsidiary Undertaking of that Fund Manager, or any Subsidiary Undertaking of any Parent Undertaking of that Fund Manager; or

 

  (iv) any trustee, nominee or custodian of such Investment Fund and vice versa; or

 

  (v) any Affiliate of the Investment Fund;

 

1.55 Repayment Schedule ” has the meaning given in Clause 5.2.3;

 

1.56 Reservations ” means:

 

  (i) the principle that equitable remedies are remedies which may be granted or refused at the discretion of the court;

 

  (ii) the limitation of enforcement by laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, reorganisation, court schemes, moratoria, administration and other laws generally affecting the rights of creditors;

 

  (iii) the time barring of claims under applicable statutes;

 

  (iv) the fact that a charge, even expressed as being fixed, will only qualify as such if the chargee has the necessary degree of control over the relevant assets and the proceeds thereof, and it exercises that control in practice; and

 

  (v) similar principles and similar matters arising under the laws of any foreign jurisdictions in which the relevant obligations may have to be performed;

 

1.57 Sale ” shall mean the first to occur of a Change of Control of Albireo Pharma or the Borrower;

 

1.58 Security Documents ” means the Initial Security Documents, and any other applicable document evidencing the security over assets of the Borrower (or any Group Company), or (for the avoidance of doubt) any document creating a Security Interest in favour of the Lender over any assets of the Group;

 

1.59 Security Interest ” means any mortgage, charge (whether fixed or floating, legal or equitable), pledge, lien, hypothecation, assignment by way of security or otherwise, trust arrangement, title retention or encumbrance, any other type of security interest or preferential arrangement having a similar effect to any of the foregoing or in the nature of security of any kind whatsoever and in any jurisdiction;

 

1.60 Security Period ” means the period commencing on the Drawdown Date and ending on the later of the date on which (i) the Lender is obliged to release its Security Interest over the Charged Assets in accordance with clause 14; and (ii) all amounts due and payable by the Borrower under this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents have been indefeasibly repaid in full;

 

1.61 Shareholder Loan Notes ” means the loan notes of the Borrower issued to its shareholders for an aggregate sum of 1,250,000 Euros pursuant to a loan note instrument issued on or around the Agreement Date in the agreed form;

 

8


1.62 Subordination Agreement ” means a subordination deed relating to any sums owing by the Borrower to its shareholders pursuant to the Shareholder Loan Notes in the agreed form;

 

1.63 Shareholder Undertaking ” means the undertaking to the Lender from certain shareholders of the Borrower to provide up to 2,000,000 Euros of additional equity in the agreed form;

 

1.64 Taxes ” means all present and future income, value added and other taxes, levies, imposts, deductions, charges and withholdings in the nature of taxes (other than taxes on the profits of the Lender) whatsoever together with interest thereon and penalties with respect thereto made on or in respect thereof;

 

1.65 Total Loan Facility ” means the amount set forth above under the heading Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.66 Tranche ” an amount drawn down pursuant to this Loan Agreement as set forth above under the heading Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.67 Transaction Fee ” has the meaning given in Clause 11.1 and is the amount set forth above in the Loan Facility Terms;

 

1.68 Warrant Certificate ” shall have the meaning given to such term in the Warrant Instrument; and

 

1.69 Warrant Instrument ” means a warrant instrument in agreed form creating warrants that are to be issued by the Borrower to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited on the Agreement Date.

 

2 INTERPRETATION

In this Loan Agreement (unless the context requires otherwise) any reference to:

 

2.1 any law or legislative provision includes a reference to any subordinate legislation made under that law or legislative provision before the Agreement Date, to any modification, re-enactment or extension of that law or legislative provision made before that date and to any former law or legislative provision which it consolidated or re-enacted before that date;

 

2.2 any gender includes a reference to other genders and the singular includes a reference to the plural and vice versa;

 

2.3 a Clause or Schedule is to a Clause or Schedule (as the case may be) of or to this Loan Agreement;

 

2.4 a “ person ” shall be construed as including a reference to an individual, firm, company, corporation, unincorporated body of persons or any country (or state thereof or any agency thereof);

 

2.5 an “ amendment ” includes a supplement, novation or re-enactment in writing and “amended” is to be construed accordingly;

 

2.6 assets ” includes present and future properties, undertakings, revenues, rights and benefits of every description;

 

2.7 an “ authorisation ” includes an authorisation, consent, approval, resolution, licence, exemption, filing, registration and notarisation;

 

9


2.8 a “ regulation ” includes any regulation, rule, official directive, request or guideline (whether or not having the force of law) of any governmental, intergovernmental or supranational body, agency, department or regulatory, self-regulatory or other authority or organisation;

 

2.9 control ” shall bear the meaning set out in sections 450 and 451 of the Corporation Tax Act 2010;

 

2.10 controlling interest ” shall be construed accordingly;

 

2.11 holding company ” means a holding company within the meaning of section 1159 of the Companies Act 2006;

 

2.12 subsidiary ” means a subsidiary company within the meaning of section 1159 of the Companies Act 2006;

 

2.13 Subsidiary Undertaking ” means an undertaking within the meaning of section 1162 of the Companies Act 2006;

 

2.14 Parent Undertaking ” means an undertaking within the meaning of section 1162 of the Companies Act 2006;

 

2.15 Any reference to any clause (or to any specified provision) of this Loan Agreement, or any other document or a provision of any other document, shall be construed as a reference to this Loan Agreement, that document or a provision of that document as in force for the time being and as amended in accordance with the terms thereof, or, as the case may be, with the agreement of the relevant parties and (where such consent is, by the terms of this Loan Agreement or the relevant document, required to be obtained as a condition to such amendment being permitted) the prior written consent of the Lender;

 

2.16 other ” and “ otherwise ” are not to be construed ejusdem generis with any foregoing words where a wider construction is possible and “including” and “in particular” are to be construed as being by way of illustration or emphasis only and are not to be construed as, nor shall they take effect as, limiting the generality of any foregoing words;

 

2.17 a document being in “ agreed form ” is a document which is previously agreed in writing by or on behalf of the Lender and the Borrower;

 

2.18 any reference to an Event of Default being continuing is a reference to an Event of Default that has not been waived or remedied to the satisfaction of the Lender;

 

2.19 where any representation or warranty is qualified by knowledge, such qualification shall mean to the knowledge of the relevant Obligor having made all reasonable enquiry; and

 

2.20 the headings in this Loan Agreement are inserted for convenience only and do not form part of this Loan Agreement and do not affect its interpretation.

 

3 LOAN FACILITY

 

3.1 Lender’s Commitment

 

3.1.1 Subject to Clause 3.5 below, the Lender agrees to make available to the Borrower the Total Loan Facility under the terms of this Loan Agreement, to be drawn down as set out in the Loan Facility Terms and in accordance with Clause 3.2.

 

10


3.1.2 The Lender shall not be under any commitment to advance any Tranche or any part thereof after the Expiry Date or upon the earlier termination of the Loan Facility in accordance with Clause 3.4.

 

3.1.3 The unutilised portion (if any) of the Loan Facility shall be cancelled after the expiry of the final period for Drawdown as specified in the Loan Facility Terms, whereupon the Total Loan Facility shall be reduced accordingly.

 

3.1.4 In granting the Loan Facility the Lender is relying on the representations and warranties contained in Clause 7.

 

3.1.5 Each Drawdown made under the Loan Facility shall be secured by the Security Documents.

 

3.2 Date of Advance(s) of the Loan

Subject to Clause 3.1.2, (and subject to the satisfaction of the relevant conditions set forth in Clause 3.5), Tranche 1 shall be advanced and made available to the Borrower within 2 Business Days of the Agreement Date (with the Borrower required to submit an executed Drawdown Notice in this regard). Further Tranches shall be advanced and made available to the Borrower within fifteen Business Days from receipt by the Lender of an executed Drawdown Notice. Each Drawdown Notice shall constitute a separate and independent obligation of the Borrower incorporating the terms of this Loan Agreement. Once a Drawdown Notice has been delivered to the Lender, it is irrevocable. Each Tranche requested to be advanced pursuant to a Drawdown Notice shall be in an amount equal to the Minimum Drawdown Amount or a multiple thereof.

 

3.3 Method of Disbursement

The payment by the Lender to the account specified in the Drawdown Notice shall constitute the making of the Loan (or the relevant part thereof) and the Borrower shall thereupon become indebted, as principal and direct obligor, to the Lender in an amount equal to the Loan (or the relevant part thereof).

 

3.4 Termination or Modification of Funding Commitment

The Lender’s commitment to advance each Tranche of the Loan in accordance with the terms of this Loan Agreement is limited in aggregate to the amount of the Total Loan Facility; provided, however, that the Lender, acting in its sole discretion, may terminate or modify its funding commitment pursuant to this Loan Agreement at any time if:

 

3.4.1 there is, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, any material adverse change in the general affairs, business, management, results of operations, condition (financial or otherwise) or prospects of the Group whether or not arising from transactions in the ordinary course of business;

 

3.4.2 there is, in the Lender’s reasonable opinion, any accelerated depreciation in the value of the Charged Assets;

 

11


3.4.3 there is, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, any material deviation by the Borrower from the Business Plan (as it may have been supplemented in writing with the prior consent of the Lender) presented to the Lender prior to the Agreement Date;

 

3.4.4 on either the date of the Drawdown Notice or at the Drawdown Date:

 

  (i) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from the borrowing to be made pursuant to the Drawdown Notice; or

 

  (ii) the Borrower’s representations and warranties in Clause 7.1 or those which are set out in any Security Document would not be true if repeated on each of those dates with reference to the circumstances then existing.

 

3.5 Conditions Precedent requirements relative to the Advance of the Loan

 

3.5.1 Subject to clause 3.5.2 the Lender’s obligation to provide the Loan (or any part thereof) is subject to the prior satisfaction by the Borrower of the following conditions (or waiver thereof by the Lender):

 

  (i) the provision of a certified copy of the resolutions of the Borrower’s and each Guarantor’s board of directors and, to the extent required, shareholders, authorising the transactions contemplated by this Loan Agreement and the execution and delivery to the Lender of this Loan Agreement and the Finance Documents;

 

  (ii) certified copies of the Certificate of Incorporation and the Memorandum and Articles of Association of the Borrower in force at the Agreement Date, plus certified up to date copies of the registration certificates and articles of association of each Guarantor in force at the Agreement Date;

 

  (iii) all necessary consents of shareholders, warrant holders, and other third parties (including landlords) with respect to the entering into of this Loan Agreement and the execution of the Finance Documents, have been obtained;

 

  (iv) a certificate of a director of:

 

  (a) the Borrower in the agreed form confirming that the borrowing of the Loan Facility in full would not cause any borrowing limit binding on the Borrower to be exceeded; and

 

  (b) Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 in the agreed form confirming that the guaranteeing of the Loan Facility in full (subject to agreed limitations as set out in Clause 10.1.3) would not cause any guaranteeing limit binding on such Guarantor to be exceeded;

 

  (v) specimen signatures, authenticated by a director or the company secretary of the Borrower, of the persons authorised to execute and deliver this Loan Agreement and the Finance Documents, in the resolutions of the board of directors referred to in Clause 3.5.1(i);

 

  (vi) the parties having executed and delivered to the Lender the Finance Documents and each notice required to be sent under the Security Documents;

 

12


  (vii) in the Lender’s sole opinion, there has been no accelerated depreciation in value of the Charged Assets;

 

  (viii) the Borrower’s compliance with Clauses 11.1 and 11.2 (it being agreed between the parties that (without prejudice to the terms of Clauses 4.1 and 4.2) such compliance can be satisfied, at the option of the Borrower with respect to liabilities under Clause 11.2, by such agreed amounts being withheld by the Lender from the proceeds of the Drawdown);

 

  (ix) delivery to the Lender of the Business Plan;

 

  (x) delivery to the Lender of the most recent management accounts of the Borrower (being those prepared to 30 November 2014);

 

  (xi) delivery to the Lender of any such other documentation in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Lender as the Lender may reasonably request;

 

  (xii) the Charged Assets being free and clear of all Security Interests whatsoever (except for the Permitted Security Interest); and

 

  (xiii) the Borrower receiving (or having received during the 20 Business Days preceding the Agreement Date) at least €1,250,000 pursuant to the Shareholder Loan Notes,

each copy document delivered under conditions 3.5.1(ix) and (x) shall be certified as a true and up to date copy by a director or the company secretary of the Borrower.

 

3.5.2 Unless the Lender shall otherwise reasonably require, on any subsequent drawdown after First Drawdown satisfaction of conditions in Clauses 3.5.1 (v), (vi), (ix) and (x) shall not be necessary.

 

3.5.3 The Borrower on the Agreement Date shall:

 

  (i) deliver to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited an original of the Warrant Instrument; and

 

  (ii) deliver to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited an original Warrant Certificate.

 

3.6 Waiver Possibility

If the Lender advances all or any part of the Loan to the Borrower prior to the satisfaction of all or any of the conditions referred to in Clause 3.5 (which the Lender has no obligation to do) the Borrower shall satisfy or procure the satisfaction of such condition or conditions which have not been satisfied within fourteen (14) Business Days of the Drawdown Date (or within such longer period as the Lender may agree or specify in writing), provided, that the Lender at its discretion may waive the satisfaction of any condition, in whole or in part and with or without conditions, without prejudicing the Lender’s right to require subsequent fulfilment of such conditions.

 

3.7 Charged Assets

 

3.7.1 Unless the Lender shall otherwise agree in writing, the Borrower shall use the Loan solely for the purpose of general working capital and for supporting of the financial needs of Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2. The Lender shall not be under any obligation to concern itself with the application of the Loan.

 

3.7.2 The Charged Assets charged to the Lender pursuant to the Security Documents shall form security for the monies borrowed by the Borrower.

 

13


3.8 Conditions Subsequent

 

3.8.1 Immediately after First Drawdown, the Borrower shall instruct one of its patent agents, Novitas Patent AB or Zacco Sweden AB, using appropriate local counsel (where necessary), to deliver the Confirmatory Assignments to the relevant patent registries to record the relevant Guarantor as the holder of the patents referred to therein without delay and to prepare and deliver the documents required to register the Lender’s security interests over the Patents to the patent registries of UK, USA, Germany, Canada and Sweden as soon as reasonably possible and thereafter use all commercially reasonable endeavours to achieve registration of the Guarantors as the holders of the patents in each aforesaid jurisdiction and registration of the Lender’s security interests thereon. If any objection or challenge to any such registration is received or if any material delay in any such registration occurs or is likely to occur, the Borrower shall forthwith inform the Lender thereof, and, without prejudice to the Lender’s rights hereunder, agree how to deal with such objection, challenge or delay. The Lender may, by written notice to the Borrower, take on the registration process from the Borrower at the cost of and with the continuing assistance of the Borrower at any time.

 

3.8.2 Excluding any original documents required to be retained by the Borrower for the purpose of completing the registration formalities under Clauses 3.8.1 and 3.8.3, the original counterparts of those documents referred to in Clause 3.5.1(vi) that have been executed by any of the Obligors or any shareholder of the Borrower shall be sent to the Lender (or their solicitors) within 5 Business Days in respect of documents executed by the Borrower or any such shareholder who is ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and within 10 Business Days in respect of documents executed by Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 or any such shareholder who is ordinarily resident in a jurisdiction other than the United Kingdom following signing of this Loan Agreement.

 

3.8.3 The Borrower shall submit all relevant Security Documents to the Companies Registrar or any equivalent in any relevant foreign jurisdiction and register the applicable Security Interests therein, subject to compliance with all applicable laws in respect of such registration within the time frame provided for under applicable law.

 

4 TERM

 

4.1 This Loan Agreement is effective upon execution by the Lender and the Borrower and shall continue until the later of (i) the Expiry Date and (ii) the date upon which the Borrower shall have unconditionally performed all its obligations hereunder.

 

4.2 If the conditions set out in Clause 3.5 have not been satisfied on or prior to the Expiry Date (except to the extent waived in writing by the Lender), the Lender shall in its sole discretion have the option to either terminate this Loan Agreement or extend the relevant Expiry Date for the purpose of extending the period in which such conditions must be satisfied.

 

14


5 REPAYMENT AND PREPAYMENT

 

5.1 Advance Payment

On the date of each Drawdown with respect to a Tranche, the Borrower shall pay to the Lender (by way of deduction by Lender from the amount of the Tranche actually advanced to the Borrower) the advance payment specified above in the Loan Facility Terms with respect to the applicable Tranche (the “ Advance Payment ”) which shall be held by the Lender and applied in or towards payment of the last Monthly Repayment in respect of that particular Tranche (or applied by the Lender as a reduction in the sums due and payable from the Borrower in respect of any pre-payment made under clause 5.4).

 

5.2 Repayments

 

5.2.1 The Borrower shall pay all unpaid and accrued interest in respect of each Tranche outstanding on each Monthly Repayment Date.

 

5.2.2 The Borrower shall repay principal in respect of each Tranche outstanding in accordance with Clause 5.2.3.

 

5.2.3 Subject to the Repayment Term, the Borrower shall on each Monthly Repayment Date and in respect of each Tranche, pay a fixed monthly amount to the Lender as specified in a repayment schedule issued by the Lender prior to the Drawdown Date in respect of each Tranche as shall be produced and may be revised from time to time by the Lender in accordance with the terms of this Loan Agreement (the “ Repayment Schedule ”) (save that the first six Monthly Repayments of any Tranche shall be interest only).

 

5.2.4 All payments that the Borrower makes under this Loan Agreement shall be made in full, without any deduction, set-off or counterclaim and in immediately available cleared funds on the due date to an account which the Lender may specify to the Borrower for the purpose.

 

5.2.5 The Repayment Schedule set out in Part B of Schedule A is in respect of the Tranche 1 only (calculated on the assumption that the Drawdown Date for Tranche 1 is the Agreement Date and that Drawdown Notice for Tranche 1 is for an amount of €6,000,000) and whilst it is recognised and agreed by the parties that the principles and basis of calculation contained therein (and otherwise provided for in this Loan Agreement) shall be applied consistently in respect of other Repayment Schedules produced by the Lender in respect of Further Tranches, the Borrower acknowledges that the Repayment Schedule set out in Part B of Schedule A is for indicative purposes only (and is not conclusive and binding on the Lender) in respect of Further Tranches.

 

5.2.6 The Lender shall have the right to issue a revised Repayment Schedule from time to time (and the Borrower acknowledges that the amount required to be repaid pursuant to Clause 5.2.3 may be increased from time to time in accordance with any revised Repayment Schedule) if the Lender considers it necessary following any failure by the Borrower to make any Monthly Repayment on the due date in order to ensure that, in respect of each Tranche, on the expiry of the Loan Term there will be no amounts owing from the Borrower to the Lender pursuant to this Loan Agreement, or in the event of any manifest error contained in a prior Repayment Schedule.

 

15


5.2.7 The Borrower shall with respect to each Tranche repay the principal amount of the Loan for such Tranche outstanding together with all accrued and unpaid interest, the End of Loan Payment for such Tranche, all unpaid fees, costs and expenses and all other sums due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement in respect of such Tranche and the Security Documents on the expiry of the Loan Term with respect to each Tranche.

 

5.2.8 Subject to clause 5.2.9, each payment received by the Lender in respect of any Tranche shall be applied as follows:

 

5.2.8.1 firstly, to discharge all outstanding fees, costs and expenses of or due to the Lender in respect of such Tranche;

 

5.2.8.2 secondly, to discharge all accrued interest in respect of such Tranche; and

 

5.2.8.3 thirdly, to reduce the outstanding principal balance of such Tranche.

 

5.2.9 For the avoidance of doubt, the Lender may in its discretion apply any payment received or recovered from the Borrower to discharge any unpaid amount in respect of any Tranche.

 

5.2.10 Any amount repaid or prepaid may not be redrawn.

 

5.2.11 If the Drawdown Date is not a Monthly Repayment Date, the Borrower shall pay to the Lender on the Drawdown Date (by way of deduction by the Lender of the amount of the Tranche actually advanced to the Borrower) the Interim Repayment which shall discharge interest accrued on the Tranche for the period from the Drawdown Date to First Monthly Repayment Date.

 

5.3 Currency of Payments

Repayment of the Loan and payment of all other amounts owed to the Lender will be paid in the currency in which the each Tranche has been provided (the “ Contractual Currency ”), i.e. in Euros, unless otherwise agreed by the parties in writing. The Borrower shall bear the cost in the event of and in respect of any conversion of a currency to the Contractual Currency.

 

5.4 Prepayments

 

5.4.1 The Borrower shall be entitled to prepay the Loan, in whole but not in part, subject to the following conditions:

 

5.4.1.1 the Borrower shall submit to the Lender an irrevocable written request to prepay the Loan, at least 30 Business Days in advance, indicating the amount to be prepaid and the date of the proposed prepayment, provided that such prepayment shall be made on the last Business Day of a calendar month;

 

5.4.1.2 on the date of prepayment the Borrower shall pay the Lender an amount equal to:

 

  (i) the outstanding principal amount of the Loan;

 

  (ii) all accrued and unpaid interest;

 

16


  (iii) in respect of each Tranche, the aggregate of the future monthly interest payments scheduled to be paid by the Borrower on each Monthly Repayment Date (as is set out in the most recent Repayment Schedule issued by the Lender) each discounted for the period from the date of prepayment to the expiry of the Loan Term, in each case discounted from the applicable Monthly Repayment Date to the date of prepayment at the rate of 5% (five per Cent.) per annum. For the avoidance of doubt, no partial repayments of the Loan are permitted under this Clause 5.4.1.2 or otherwise;

 

  (iv) the End of Loan Payment;

 

  (v) all unpaid fees, costs and expenses due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement; and

 

  (vi) all other sums due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement,

and to the extent that the Lender considers that any calculation in a written request received from the Borrower under this clause 5.4 is incorrect or that other sums would otherwise be due and payable on the proposed date of repayment, the Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower in writing of any corrected figure or identifying the amount and nature of such additional sums.

 

5.4.2 Subject to Clause 5.4.3, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control or a Sale, the Borrower shall be deemed to have served a notice under Clause 5.4.1.1 with the relevant date for prepayment of the amounts provided for under Clause 5.4.1.2 being the last Business Day of the calendar month in which such notice is deemed to have been served.

 

5.4.3 The parties agree that the Albireo Reverse Transaction (and the entry by the Borrower or any of its shareholders into any agreement for the purpose of effecting the Albireo Reverse Transaction) shall not result in a deemed service of notice under Clause 5.4.1.1 (or, for the avoidance of doubt, Clause 5.4.2).

 

6 INTEREST

 

6.1 Interest on the principal amount of each Tranche from time to time shall accrue from day to day at a rate of 11.5% per annum (the “ Applicable Interest Rate”), from the Drawdown Date until the repayment in full of the relevant Tranche. Interest on the Loan and each part thereof shall be calculated and paid in the Contractual Currency.

 

6.2 Time of payment of any sum due from the Borrower is of the essence under this Loan Agreement. If the Borrower fails to pay any sum to the Lender on its due date for payment the Borrower shall pay to the Lender forthwith on demand interest on such sum (compounded on a monthly basis) from the due date to the date of actual payment (as well after as before judgment) at a rate equal to the Applicable Interest Rate plus 3% per annum. If the Borrower fails to pay any sum within ten (10) Business Days after such sum is due, the Borrower shall pay to the Lender a one off late payment charge of 3% of such sum to compensate the Lender for additional administrative expense.

 

17


7 REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES

 

7.1 The Borrower and each Guarantor as relevant warrants and represents the following as at Agreement Date:

 

7.1.1 the Borrower is a private limited company duly organised and validly existing under the laws of England and Wales;

 

7.1.2 Guarantor 1 is a private limited company duly organised and validly existing under the laws of Sweden;

 

7.1.3 Guarantor 2 is a private limited company duly organised and validly existing under the laws of Sweden;

 

7.1.4 the Borrower and each Guarantor as relevant has the corporate capacity, and has taken all corporate action and obtained all consents, including third party consents, necessary for it:

 

  (i) to execute this Loan Agreement, and each Finance Document and Security Document to which the Borrower and/or each Guarantor is or is to be party;

 

  (ii) to borrow or guarantee (as applicable) under this Loan Agreement and to make all the payments contemplated by, and to comply with all its other obligations under this Loan Agreement, and each Finance Document to which the Borrower and/or each Guarantor is or is to be party; and

 

  (iii) to grant the Lender first priority Security Interest in respect of the Charged Assets pursuant to the Security Documents to which the Borrower and/or each Guarantor is or is to be party;

 

7.1.5 subject to the Reservations and to the agreement of the Lender hereunder that its security over the Patents is only registered in certain jurisdictions, this Loan Agreement, and the Finance Documents and Security Documents to which the Borrower and/or each Guarantor is or is to be party, do now or, as the case may be, will, upon execution and delivery (and, where applicable, registration as provided for in this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents):

 

  (i) constitute the legal, valid and binding obligations of the Borrower and each Guarantor, enforceable against the Borrower and each Guarantor in accordance with their respective terms; and

 

  (ii) create legal, valid and binding security interests enforceable in accordance with their respective terms;

 

7.1.6 the execution and (where applicable) registration by the Borrower and/or each Guarantor of this Loan Agreement and each Finance Document and Security Documents to which it is or is to be party, and the borrowing by the Borrower of the Loan and its compliance with this Loan Agreement and each Finance Document to which the Borrower and/or each Guarantor is or is to be party, will not involve or lead to a contravention of:

 

  (i) any applicable law or other legal requirement; or

 

  (ii) the constitutional documents of the Borrower or any Guarantor; or

 

  (iii) any contractual or other obligation or restriction which is binding on the Borrower or any Guarantor or any of their assets;

 

18


7.1.7 save with respect to any registrations that are required to be obtained under clause 3.8, all consents, licences, approvals and authorisations required by the Borrower and/or each Guarantor in connection with the entry into, performance, validity and enforceability of this Loan Agreement, and the Finance Documents and the Security Documents to which it is or is to be party have been or (upon execution thereof) shall have been obtained by the Drawdown Date and are (or upon execution thereof shall be) in full force and effect during the life of this Loan Agreement;

 

7.1.8 all financial and other information furnished by or on behalf of the Borrower and/or each Guarantor in connection with the negotiation of this Loan Agreement and the Finance Documents and Security Documents delivered to the Lender pursuant to this Loan Agreement or the Finance Documents or Security Documents was true and accurate in all material respects when given, there are no other facts or matters the omission of which would have made any statement or information contained therein misleading in any material respect and all projections and statements of belief and opinion given to the Lender were made in good faith after due and careful enquiry;

 

7.1.9 the Accounts, Guarantor 1’s Accounts and Guarantor 2’s Accounts were prepared in accordance with accounting principles and practices generally accepted in the jurisdiction of incorporation of the Guarantor to which such accounts relate and consistently applied and fairly represent (in conjunction with the notes thereto) the financial condition of such Guarantor as at the date to which they were drawn up and the results of that Guarantor’s operations during the financial year then ended;

 

7.1.10 since publication of the Accounts, there has been no material adverse change in the business or financial condition of the Borrower and or Guarantor 1 or Guarantor 2;

 

7.1.11 the management accounts of the Group prepared to 30 November 2014 were prepared with all due care and on a basis consistent with generally accepted accounting principles and practices used by the Group in the preparation of management accounts and accurately reflect the financial position of the Group at such date;

 

7.1.12 the Business Plan has been prepared with all due care in accordance with the facts and the opinions stated therein are reasonable and since the Business Plan has been prepared, there has been no material adverse change in the business or financial condition of the Group;

 

7.1.13 the Borrower has its centre of main interest (COMI) in the United Kingdom for the purposes of the EU Regulations on Insolvency Proceedings 2000;

 

7.1.14 Guarantor 1 has its COMI in Sweden for the purposes of the EU Regulations on Insolvency Proceedings 2000;

 

7.1.15 Guarantor 2 has its COMI in Sweden for the purposes of the EU Regulations on Insolvency Proceedings 2000;

 

7.1.16 there is no action, proceeding or claim pending or, so far as the Borrower and/or any Guarantor is aware or ought reasonably to be aware, threatened against any Group Company before any court or administrative agency which might have a material adverse effect on the business, condition of operations of the Borrower and any Guarantor;

 

19


7.1.17 the Borrower and/or each Guarantor owns with good and marketable title all the Charged Assets and, subject to the Licence Agreements in relation to the A3309 Patents, the Charged Assets are free from all security interests and other interests and rights of every kind except for any Permitted Security Interest, (but not including 1.49 (ii) and (iii)). Subject to the Confirmatory Assignments and (in respect of pending registrations) as stated in Schedule C, all the Patents are duly registered in the names of either the Borrower or one of the Guarantors in those jurisdictions listed in Schedule C, all renewal and other fees are paid up to date in respect of the Patents, all applications for Patents (as applicable) are being duly prosecuted and no material third party challenge or objection to any such Patents and applications for Patents has been received or are threatened, and so far as each Obligor is aware, there are no circumstances existing in which any such challenge or objection is reasonably likely;

 

7.1.18 the Licence Agreements, when read together with the Asset Transfer Agreement and Confirmatory Assignments, contains all terms and conditions relating to the matters contained therein, and since their signature, there has been no variation, waiver or release of their terms. The Licence Agreements are, subject to the application of the Asset Transfer Agreement, in full force and effect. Save with respect to any breach or potential breach of the Licence Agreements that may have arisen in connection with of Ferring International Center SA’s conduct of the development program, so far as the Borrower and/or any Guarantor is aware no breach of the Licence Agreements is continuing and no Group company is aware of any actual or potential breach of the Licence Agreements;

 

7.1.19 neither the Borrower nor any Guarantor is insolvent, or subject to bankruptcy proceedings or other admission to other insolvency proceedings and is not in any situation that would require recapitalization pursuant mandatory provisions or any laws applicable to the Borrower or each Guarantor;

 

7.1.20 the provision of all management and other services carried out by Group Companies for the benefit of other Group Companies is and will continue to be on normal arms’ length terms.

 

7.2 The representations and warranties of the Borrower and each Guarantor set out in this Clause 7 shall survive the execution of this Loan Agreement and shall be deemed to be repeated on each Drawdown Date with respect to the facts and circumstances then existing, as if made at such time including that, in respect of paragraphs 7.1.9 to 7.1.12, references to Accounts, management accounts and Business Plan shall refer to the latest available version of such documents on each Drawdown Date.

 

7.3 The Lender hereby agrees that it shall not constitute a breach of any warranty and representation given (or repeated) by the Borrower and each Guarantor under clauses 7.1 and 7.2 if on the date that such warranty or representation is given (or repeated) the transfers of the Patents from AstraZeneca AB to Albireo AB (and, where relevant, from Guarantor 1 to Guarantor 2 pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement and/or the Confirmatory Assignments) have not been registered with the relevant recordal authorities (which in respect of the registration of transfers that are required to be undertaken pursuant to Clause 3.8.1, is only as a result of the time taken by the relevant authority in the normal course of its business to carry out such recordal (rather than any other reason including any breach of Clause 3.8.1)), and so long as they remain registered in the names of those holders set out in Schedule C.

 

20


8 UNDERTAKINGS

 

8.1 Subject to Clause 8.2 with respect to the Information Covenants below, the Borrower and each Guarantor undertakes to the Lender to comply with the following provisions of this Clause 8 at all times during the Security Period:

Information Covenants

 

8.1.1 the Borrower and each Guarantor will provide to the Lender with the following information by way of monthly reports:

 

8.1.1.1 details of any changes to the management/directors of any Group Company;

 

8.1.1.2 details of any Group Company incorporated on or after the Agreement Date;

 

8.1.1.3 any statement, statement of accounts, reports or any other information as required to be provided on a monthly basis under the Security Documents;

 

8.1.1.4 such other information (financial or otherwise) as the Lender may reasonably request from time to time concerning any Group Company and its affairs (including, without limitation, information concerning the Charged Assets, its assets from time to time and any request for amplification or explanation of any item in the financial statements, budgets or other material provided by the Borrower and/or each Guarantor under this Loan Agreement);

 

8.1.2 the Borrower and/or each Guarantor will provide to the Lender all documents, confirmations and evidence required by the Lender to satisfy its “know your customer” requirements or similar identification checks in order to meet its obligations from time to time under applicable money laundering, or similar, laws and regulations;

 

8.1.3 when available, but no later than: (a) forty-five (45) days after the last day of each fiscal quarter, the Borrower will provide to the Lender a company-prepared consolidated balance sheet, statement of cash flow and statement of operations covering the Group’s consolidated operations for such fiscal quarter; and (b) one hundred eighty (180) days after the last day of Borrower’s fiscal year, audited consolidated financial statements of the Group as of and for such fiscal year, together with an unqualified opinion on the financial statements (other than any qualifications with respect to “going-concern”) from an independent certified public accounting firm acceptable to Lender in its reasonable discretion, it being understood that Ernst & Young LLP is acceptable to Lender;

 

8.1.4 the Borrower will provide the Lender with (and shall procure that this Group Company will provide the Lender with) all documents dispatched by the Borrower and each Group Company to all its shareholders, or all its creditors, generally at the same time as they are dispatched;

 

8.1.5 the Borrower will grant the Lender the right, on reasonable notice, to have a representative of the Lender meet with the managing director and finance director of the Borrower throughout the Security Period to review and discuss the operating performance and financial condition of the Group. In addition, upon the occurrence of an Event of Default the Lender shall be entitled to have a representative to attend all meetings of the Borrower’s board of directors in a non-voting observer capacity for so long as the relevant Event of Default is continuing (and the Borrower agrees to give notice of all board meetings to the Lender at the same time as to its directors during such period);

 

21


8.1.6 the Borrower will notify the Lender as soon as it becomes aware of:

 

  (i) the occurrence of an Event of Default; or

 

  (ii) any matter which indicates that an Event of Default has occurred, may have occurred or is likely to occur,

and will thereafter keep the Lender fully up to date with all developments concerning such Event of Default;

Other Covenants

 

8.1.7 the Borrower and each Guarantor will maintain in force and promptly obtain or renew, and will promptly send certified copies to the Lender of, all consents required:

 

  (i) for the Borrower and each Guarantor to perform its obligations under this Loan Agreement and each Finance Document, as relevant;

 

  (ii) for the validity or enforceability of this Loan Agreement and any Finance Document; and

 

  (iii) for the Borrower and each Guarantor to continue to own the Charged Assets,

and the Borrower and each Guarantor will, comply with the terms of all such consents;

 

8.1.8 the Borrower and each Guarantor will obtain, effect and keep effective all permissions, licences, consents, registrations and permits which may from time to time be required (i) in connection with the Charged Assets, (ii) to conduct its business, and (iii) to continue to use on current terms, all material Intellectual Property used in its business, provided however that neither the Borrower nor any Guarantor shall be obliged to maintain any registrations of any patents other than the Patents and, other than as required pursuant to Clauses 3.8.1, 8.1.21 and 8.1.22, neither the Borrower nor any Guarantor shall be required to register a transfer or maintain any registrations of those Patents that are (a) currently registered in the name of AstraZeneca AB (as set out in Schedule C); or (b) that should otherwise be registered in the name of Guarantor 2 pursuant to the Asset Transfer Agreement or the Confirmatory Assignment but are currently registered in the name of Guarantor 1 (as set out in Schedule C);

 

8.1.9 the Borrower and each Guarantor will maintain adequate risk protection through insurances on and in relation to its business and assets to the extent reasonably required on the basis of good business practice taking into account, inter alia, its (and any Group Company’s) financial position and nature of operations. All insurances must be with reputable independent insurance companies or underwriters;

 

22


8.1.10 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall not incur or allow to remain outstanding any Financial Indebtedness, except:

 

  (i) under this Loan Agreement;

 

  (ii) where a Group Company is lending to or borrowing from another Group Company pursuant to the Intra-Group Loan Agreement;

 

  (iii) non-speculative hedging transactions entered into in the ordinary course of business in connection with protection against interest rate or currency fluctuations;

 

  (iv) arising in the ordinary course of business with suppliers of goods or services with a maximum duration of 60 days;

 

  (v) owing under or in connection with sums raised by the Borrower pursuant to clause 3.5.1(xiii); and

 

  (vi) Financial Indebtedness incurred with the prior written consent of the Lender.

 

8.1.11 Notwithstanding Clause 8.1.10, the Borrower and each Guarantor shall not incur or allow to remain outstanding any Financial Indebtedness owing to any shareholder of a Group Company (excluding other Group Companies and excluding amounts owing under or in connection with sums raised by the Borrower pursuant to clause 3.5.1(xiii)) or any persons or companies related to them, unless such Financial Indebtedness is on terms (including interest, repayment and subordination) satisfactory to the Lender;

 

8.1.12 Guarantor 2 shall:

 

  (i) carry on the A3309 Business in accordance with the A3309 Business Agreements and otherwise in the ordinary course for its own benefit, or, to the extent that loans are made pursuant the Intra-Group Loan Agreement for the benefit of the Group;

 

  (ii) not make any material change to the nature or extent of its business other than with the prior written consent of the Lender, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed;

 

  (iii) not incur any liabilities other than (a) to a Group Company or the Lender pursuant to the A3309 Business Agreements; (b) to the licensees pursuant to the Licence Agreements; and (c) any liabilities that arise as a matter of law as a consequence of carrying on the A3309 Business as described in sub-paragraph (i) above.

 

8.1.13 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall not create or permit to subsist any Security Interest over any of its assets including the Charged Assets except for a Permitted Security Interest;

 

8.1.14 the Borrower and each Guarantor will not sell, assign, transfer or otherwise dispose of the Charged Assets or any share therein (except for any Permitted Disposal) and shall give immediate notice to the Lender upon its becoming aware of any judicial process or encumbrance affecting the Charged Assets;

 

23


8.1.15 other than a Permitted Disposal or Permitted Security Interest, the Borrower and each Guarantor shall not:

 

  (i) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its assets on terms whereby they are leased to or intended to be re-acquired by any Group Company or otherwise; or

 

  (ii) sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any of its receivables on recourse terms;

 

  (iii) enter into any arrangement under which money or the benefit of a bank or other account may be applied, set-off or made subject to a combination of accounts; or

 

  (iv) enter into any other preferential arrangement having a similar effect in circumstances where the arrangement or transaction is entered into primarily as a method of raising Financial Indebtedness or of financing the acquisition of an asset.

 

8.1.16 Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 shall:

 

  (i) use all reasonable endeavours to maintain in force for the benefit of the Group the Licence Agreements including the recovery and prosecution of all rights to receive licence fees and other income deriving from them;

 

  (ii) not pledge or otherwise encumber or grant any security interest in or over the Licence Agreements in whole or in part;

 

  (iii) not sell or assign the benefit of any right or interest in the Licence Agreements or any benefit or income arising thereunder in whole or in part; and

 

  (iv) not amend the Licence Agreements in any material respect.

 

8.1.17 The Borrower and each Guarantor shall not grant any licence or any other rights in or over any of their Intellectual Property (including the patents that are subject to the Licence Agreements) other than (i) in the ordinary course of business for the benefit of the Group; (ii) as between Group Companies for the benefit of the Group; or (iii) pursuant to the obligations owing to the Lender under this Loan Agreement and the Finance Documents.

 

8.1.18 the Borrower and each Guarantor will not make any distribution by way of dividend or otherwise without the prior written consent of the Lender, provided that, subject to the Intra-Group Loan Agreement, each Guarantor shall be entitled to make a distribution to any Group Company without the prior consent of the Lender;

 

8.1.19 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall be responsible for all costs associated with the Charged Assets including all tax assessments, insurance premiums, operating costs and repair and maintenance costs as well as any fees associated with registering or perfecting of any Security Interest granted in connection with this Loan;

 

8.1.20 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall at the request of the Lender from time to time execute and deliver such further documents creating Security Interests in favour of the Lender over the assets of the Borrower or a

 

24


  Guarantor (but only where the relevant asset has been created, registered, commercialised or acquired by the Borrower or a Guarantor (as applicable) after the Agreement Date and only then to the extent that the relevant asset is, at the date of the Lender’s request, and in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, of material value taking account of the aggregate value of all assets of the Group as at that same date) and in such form as the Lender may reasonably require in its discretion from time to time to (i) secure all monies, obligations and liabilities of the Borrower and/or any Group Company to the Lender or (ii) following an Event of Default facilitate the realisation of the Charged Assets or (iii) following an Event of Default exercise the powers conferred on the Lender or a receiver appointed under any Security Document, from time to time;

 

8.1.21 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall at the request of the Lender use all commercially reasonable endeavours to register the Lender’s security interests that are granted over the A3390 Patents pursuant to the pledge to be entered into by the Lender and Guarantor 2 as part of the Initial Security Documents in those jurisdictions requested by the Lender (acting reasonably, taking into account the cost of the Borrower and Guarantors associated with registrations in such additional jurisdictions) and being only those jurisdictions in which, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, the business of Guarantor 2 is developing to a material respect;

 

8.1.22 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall at the request of the Lender use all commercially reasonable endeavours to register the Lender’s security interests that are granted over the A4250 Patents pursuant to the pledge to be entered into by the Lender and Guarantor 1 as part of the Initial Security Documents in those jurisdictions requested by the Lender (acting reasonably, taking into account the cost of the Borrower and Guarantors associated with registrations in such additional jurisdictions) and being only those jurisdictions in which, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, the business of Guarantor 1 is developing to a material respect in respect of the A4250 Patents;

 

8.1.23 the Borrower and each Guarantor shall, during any period in which amounts are owing from the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement, provide the Lender with the right of first offer and refusal on all future debt funding of the Borrower and/or any member of the Group other than any loans made between Group Companies and disregarding also any sums raised by the Borrower pursuant to clause 3.5.1(xiii);and

 

8.1.24 each Guarantor shall not make cash payments, other than a Permitted Cash Payment, to a bank account of another Group Company unless the bank account of the recipient Group Company is subject to a Security Interest in favour of the Lender.

 

8.2 For so long as the Borrower or any Group Company is subject to the reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and publicly files reports on Form 10-K, 10-Q or 8-K (as the case may be) to the Securities and Exchange Commission containing all of the information required by Clause 8.1.1.1, 8.1.3 or 8.1.4 (if applicable, for the period and by the date set forth therein), the Borrower may satisfy the requirements of such Clause 8.1.1.1, 8.1.3 or 8.1.4, as the case may be, by such filing.

 

25


9 EVENTS OF DEFAULT

 

9.1 An Event of Default occurs if:

 

9.1.1 any Group Company fails to pay when due and payable or (if so payable) on demand any sum payable under this Loan Agreement, the Subordination Deed or the Security Documents or under any document relating to the Security Documents in each case other than where the failure is a failure or delay in the system for funds transfer and such sum (together with any default interest owing in respect thereof) is subsequently paid within three Business Days of the due date; or

 

9.1.2 any other breach by any Group Company occurs of any provision of this Loan Agreement, or any Finance Document or the Borrower or any Group Company does not comply with, perform or observe any other obligation accepted or undertaking given by it to the Lender, unless the Lender (at its discretion) notifies the Borrower in writing that it is satisfied that the breach has not put any of the security for the Loan at risk or the Group Company remedies such breach (being a breach capable of remedy) to the reasonable satisfaction of the Lender within 10 Business Days of the earlier of the Lender notifying the Borrower of the default and the Borrower becoming aware of the default; and

 

9.1.3 any representation, warranty or statement made by, or by an officer of, any Group Company in this Loan Agreement, the Subordination Deed or the Security Documents or in the Drawdown Notice is incorrect, untrue or misleading in any material respect when it is made or deemed repeated; or

 

9.1.4 Financial Indebtedness of any Group Company in an amount which the Lender reasonably considers to be material is not paid when due or any Security Interest over any of the assets of any Group Company is lawfully enforced;

 

9.1.5 any order shall be made by any competent court, a petition presented (except to the extent such petition is frivolous or vexatious and is discharged, stayed or dismissed within 21 days of presentation) or any resolution shall be passed by any Group Company for the appointment of a liquidator, administrator or receiver of, or for the winding up of, any Group Company or a moratorium is imposed or declared over any or all of the assets and business of any Group Company; or

 

9.1.6 an encumbrancer lawfully takes possession of or a receiver, liquidator, supervisor, compulsory manager, trustee, administrator or similar official is appointed over the whole or, in the opinion of the Lender, any material part of, the assets of any Group Company or a distress, execution or other process is levied or enforced upon or sued out against the whole or, in the opinion of the Lender, a material part of the assets of any Group Company; or

 

9.1.7 an administration application is presented or made for the making of an administration order or a notice of intention to appoint an administrator under Schedule B1 to the Insolvency Act 1986 is issued by any Group Company or its directors or by the holder of a qualifying floating charge (as defined in such Schedule) or a notice of appointment of an administrator is filed by any person with the court; or

 

9.1.8 any judgment made against any Group Company is not paid, stayed, appealed or discharged within 14 days; or

 

9.1.9 any Group Company shall stop payment or shall be unable to, or shall admit inability to, pay its debts as they fall due, or shall be adjudicated or found bankrupt or insolvent, or shall enter into any composition or other arrangement with its creditors generally; or

 

26


9.1.10 any event shall occur which under the law of any jurisdiction to which any Group Company is subject has an effect equivalent or similar to any of the events referred to in Clause 9.1.6 or 9.1.9; or

 

9.1.11 any Group Company ceases, threatens to cease, or suspends carrying on its business or a material part of its business; or

 

9.1.12 it becomes unlawful or impossible (i) for the Borrower and/or each Group Company (as relevant) to discharge any liability under this Loan Agreement or to comply with any other obligation which the Lender considers material under this Loan Agreement, the Subordination Deed or the Security Documents, or (ii) for the Lender to exercise or enforce any right under, or to enforce any Security Interest created by, this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents; or

 

9.1.13 subject to the Reservations and to the agreement of the Lender hereunder that its security over the Patents is only registered in certain jurisdictions, any provision of this Loan Agreement or the Finance Documents proves to have been or becomes invalid or unenforceable, or a Security Interest created by the Security Documents proves to have been or becomes invalid or unenforceable or such a Security Interest proves to have ranked after, or loses its priority to, another Security Interest or any other third party claim or interest, provided however that if the Borrower and/or any Group Company proposes replacement security, and such replacement security is of a type and value and is constituted in a manner acceptable to the Lender within such period of time as the Lender may require, such event shall cease to constitute an Event of Default; or

 

9.1.14 the security constituted by the Security Documents is in any way materially imperilled or in jeopardy (including by way of depreciation in value beyond a normal depreciation or the failure to achieve registration of the Lender’s Security Interests pursuant to Clauses 3.8.1, 8.1.21 or 8.1.22 and/or the Security Documents or the decision of any Obligor to cease maintaining, prosecuting or enforcing any Patent that is, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, of material value to that Obligor (but which, save for any breach of Clause 3.8.1, 8.1.21 or 8.1.22, shall not extend to include any decision of an Obligor to not register with the relevant recordal authorities the transfer of the Patents from AstraZeneca AB to Albireo AB (and, where relevant, from Guarantor 1 to Guarantor 2 pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement and/or the Confirmatory Assignments)) or any other material Intellectual Property of the Group) provided however that if the Borrower and/or any Group Company proposes replacement security, and such replacement security is of a type and value and is constituted in a manner acceptable to the Lender within such period of time as the Lender may require, such event shall cease to constitute an Event of Default; or

 

9.1.15 any other event (whether related or not) occurs (including, without limitation, a material (in the reasonable opinion of the Lender) adverse change, from the position applicable as at the Agreement Date) in the business affairs, operations, assets or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Group, the effect of which is, in the reasonable opinion of the Lender, to materially imperil, delay or prevent the due fulfilment by the Borrower and each Group Company of any of its material obligations or undertakings in this Loan Agreement, the Subordination Deed or the Security Documents; or

 

9.1.16 any breach of a Subordination Deed occurs by any Group Company; or

 

9.1.17 any event of default (howsoever described) specified in the Security Documents shall occur.

 

27


9.2 Lender’s Rights

On or at any time following the occurrence of any Event of Default for so long as such Event of Default is continuing the Lender may:

 

9.2.1 serve on the Borrower a notice stating that all obligations of the Lender to the Borrower under this Loan Agreement including (without limitation) the obligation to advance the Loan (or any part thereof) are terminated; and/or

 

9.2.2 serve on the Borrower a notice stating that the Loan, all accrued interest and all other amounts accrued or owing under this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents are immediately due and payable; and/or

 

9.2.3 declare the Security Documents to be enforceable; and/or

 

9.2.4 take any other action which, as a result of the Event of Default or any notice served under Clauses 9.2.1 or 9.2.2 above, the Lender is entitled to take under the Security Documents or any applicable law.

 

9.3 End of Lender’s Obligations

Subject to clause 17.5, on the service of a notice under Clause 9.2.1 and/or Clause 9.2.2, all the obligations of the Lender to the Borrower under this Loan Agreement shall terminate

 

9.4 Acceleration

On the service of a notice under Clause 9.2.2, the following sums shall become immediately due and payable:

 

9.4.1.1 the outstanding principal amount of the Loan;

 

9.4.1.2 all accrued and unpaid interest;

 

9.4.1.3 in respect of each Tranche, the aggregate of the monthly interest payments scheduled to be paid by the Borrower on each Monthly Repayment Date (as is set out in the most recent Repayment Schedule issued by the Lender) for the period from the date of prepayment to the expiry of the Loan Term, in each case discounted from the applicable Monthly Repayment Date to the date of prepayment at the rate of three per cent per annum;

 

9.4.1.4 the End of Loan Payment;

 

9.4.1.5 all unpaid fees, costs and expenses due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement; and

 

9.4.1.6 all other sums due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender under this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents.

 

9.5 Waiver of Event of Default

The Lender, at its sole and absolute discretion, may waive any Event of Default hereunder, prior to or after the event or events giving rise thereto, provided that such waiver may be effected only by written notice provided by the Lender to the Borrower to that effect (and subject further to Clause 18.2 below); it being understood and acknowledged, that if and so long as no notice of waiver of an Event of Default was so provided, such Event of Default shall be deemed as having occurred and in effect for all purposes hereunder.

 

28


10 GUARANTEE AND INDEMNITY

 

10.1 In consideration of the Borrower entering into this Loan Agreement, and subject to Clause 10.2, the Guarantors severally guarantee to the Lender, whenever the Borrower does not pay any of the Guaranteed Obligations when due, to pay on demand the Guaranteed Obligations.

 

10.2 The Guarantors as principal obligors and as a separate and independent obligation and liability from their obligations and liabilities under Clause 10.1 severally agree to indemnify and keep indemnified the Lender in full and on demand from and against all and any losses, costs, claims, liabilities, damages, demands and expenses suffered or incurred by the Lender arising out of, or in connection with, any failure of the Borrower to perform or discharge any of its obligations or liabilities in respect of the Guaranteed Obligations.

 

10.3 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein or in any other Finance Documents or other document containing any Guaranteed Obligations, the obligations and liabilities of any Obligor incorporated in Sweden under this Agreement or in any other Finance Document or other document containing any Guaranteed Obligations shall be limited if (and only to the extent) required by an application of the provisions of the Swedish Companies Act ( Sw. aktiebolagslagen (2005:551) ) governing distribution of assets and it is understood that the obligations of any such Obligor incorporated in Sweden for such obligations and liabilities under this Agreement or in any other Finance Document or other document containing any Guaranteed Obligations shall only apply to the extent permitted by the above-mentioned provisions.

 

11 FEES, EXPENSES AND TAXES

 

11.1 Transaction Fee

The Parties hereby agree and acknowledge that a single Transaction Fee shall be payable by the Borrower to the Lender and that such sum shall be satisfied by a corresponding reduction being made to the Tranche 1 payment to be advanced by the Lender pursuant to clause 3.2, provided always that if the Drawdown Date for Tranche 1 does not occur within 15 Business Days of this Loan Agreement the Transaction Fee shall become immediately due and payable by the Borrower to the Lender.

 

11.2 Documentary Costs

The Borrower shall promptly pay to the Lender on the Lender’s demand, the reasonable legal expenses plus applicable VAT and disbursements incurred by the Lender in connection with:

 

11.2.1 the negotiation, preparation and completion of this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby up to an aggregate total of €85,000 on account of all such legal expenses, VAT and disbursements;

 

29


11.2.2 fulfilment of the Conditions Subsequent (to the extent the process is taken on by the Lender pursuant to Clause 3.8.1), any amendment or supplement to this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents or any proposal for such an amendment to be made at the behest of the Borrower or the Guarantors or at the request of the Lender following an Event of Default or pursuant to Clause 8.1.20, 8.1.24 or 8.1.25;

 

11.2.3 any consent or waiver by the Lender concerned under or in connection with this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents or any request for such a consent or waiver; and

 

11.2.4 any step taken or required by the Lender to register or procure registration or perfection of its Security Interests hereunder, or with a view to the protection, exercise or enforcement of any right or Security Interest created by this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents or for any similar purpose, following any breach or non-fulfilment of any provision of this Loan Agreement or any Finance Document.

 

11.3 Certain taxes and duties

The Borrower shall promptly pay any documentary, stamp or other equivalent tax or duty payable on or by reference to this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents or local law equivalent, and shall, on the Lender’s demand, fully indemnify the Lender against any costs, losses, liabilities and expenses resulting from any failure or delay by the Borrower to pay such a tax.

 

11.4 Recovery of Overdue Fees

Without prejudice to any other provisions of this Loan Agreement, the Lender shall be entitled (and the Borrower hereby irrevocably authorises the Lender), at any time and from time to time, to apply any credit balance (whether or not then due) to which the Borrower is then entitled on any account with the Lender in (or towards) satisfaction of the sum or sums from time to time owing by the Borrower to the Lender under and/or pursuant to this Clause 11.4. The Lender shall give notice to the Borrower of any such application promptly thereafter.

 

11.5 Liability for Taxes

 

11.5.1 The Borrower and/or the Guarantors (as applicable) shall make all payments to be made by it without any Tax deduction, unless a Tax deduction is required by law. The Borrower and/or the Guarantors (as applicable) shall promptly upon becoming aware that it must make a Tax deduction (or that there is any change in the rate or the basis of a Tax deduction) notify the Lender.

 

11.5.2 If a Tax deduction is required by law to be made by the Borrower and/or the Guarantors (as applicable), the amount of the payment due from the Borrower shall be increased to an amount which (after making any Tax deduction) leaves an amount equal to the payment which would have been due if no Tax deduction had been required.

 

11.5.3 If the Borrower and/or the Guarantors (as applicable) is required to make a Tax deduction, the Borrower shall make that Tax deduction and any payment required in connection with that Tax deduction within the time allowed and in the minimum amount required by law.

 

30


11.5.4 Within thirty (30) days of making either a Tax deduction or any payment required in connection with that Tax deduction, the Borrower and/or the Guarantors (as applicable) shall deliver to the Lender evidence reasonably satisfactory to it that the Tax deduction has been made or (as applicable) any appropriate payment paid to the relevant taxing authority.

 

11.5.5 If an Obligor makes an increased payment under this Clause 11.5 and:

 

(a) a credit against, relief or remission for, or repayment of any tax (a “Tax Credit”) is attributable to the payment; and

 

(b) the recipient of the grossed-up payment has obtained, utilised and fully retained that Tax Credit on an affiliated group basis,

the Lender will pay to the relevant Obligor an amount which will leave the recipient of the interest payment (after the payment) in the same after-tax position as that in which it would have been had the gross-up payment under this Clause 11.5 not been made. Where a deduction or withholding is required to be made under this clause, the Lender shall give such assistance as may be necessary or expedient to enable the Borrower to claim exemption from or a reduction in the amounts that are required to be withheld and the Parties shall use reasonable endeavours to ensure that such exemption or reduction is claimed. Such assistance shall include the provision by the Lender of such forms as the relevant tax authority may require the Borrower to complete.

 

11.6 Illegality and Increased Costs

 

11.6.1 If it is or becomes contrary to any law or regulation for the Lender to make available the Loan Facility or to maintain its obligations to do so or fund the Loan, the Lender shall promptly notify the Borrower whereupon (a) the Lender’s obligations to make the Loan Facility available shall be terminated and (b) the Borrower shall be obliged to prepay the Loan either (i) forthwith or (ii) on a future specified date on or before the latest date permitted by the relevant law or regulation.

 

11.6.2 If the result of any change in (or in the interpretation, administration or application of), or to the generally accepted interpretation or application of, or the introduction of, any law or regulation is to subject the Lender to Taxes or change the basis of the payment of Taxes by the Lender with respect to any payment under this Loan Agreement (other than Taxes on the overall net income, profits or gains of the Lender), then (i) the Lender shall notify the Borrower in writing of such event promptly upon its becoming aware of the same; and (ii) the Borrower shall on demand, made at any time whether or not the Loan has been repaid, pay to the Lender the amount of the increased costs which the Lender has suffered as a result.

 

12 INDEMNITIES

 

12.1 Indemnity for Non-Scheduled Payments

Without derogating from Clause 11 above, the Borrower shall indemnify the Lender fully on its demand in respect of all expenses, liabilities and losses which are suffered or incurred by the Lender, as a result of or in connection with:

 

12.1.1 any Tranche not being borrowed on the date specified in the Drawdown Notice for any reason other than a default by the Lender;

 

31


12.1.2 any failure (for whatever reason) by the Borrower to make payment of any amount due under this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents on the due date or, if so payable, on demand; or

 

12.1.3 the occurrence and/or continuance of an Event of Default and/or the acceleration of repayment of the Loan under Clause 9.4 and in respect of any Taxes (other than Taxes on the overall net income, profits or gains of the Lender) for which the Lender is liable or held liable in connection with any amount paid or payable to the Lender (whether for its own account or otherwise) under this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents upon the occurrence and/or continuance of an Event of Default.

 

12.2 Third Party Claims Indemnity

 

12.2.1 The Borrower shall indemnify the Lender fully on its demand in respect of claims, demands, proceedings, liabilities, taxes, losses and expenses of every kind, including without limitation legal fees and expenses (“ liability items ”) which may be made or brought against, or incurred by, the Lender, in any country, in relation to any action lawfully taken, or omitted or neglected to be taken, under or in connection with this Loan Agreement or the Security Documents by the Lender or by any receiver appointed under the Security Documents in each case after the occurrence of any Event of Default and solely in connection with that Event of Default.

 

12.2.2 The Borrower shall indemnify the Lender fully on its demand in respect of all expenses, liabilities and losses which are suffered or incurred by the Lender, as a result of any third party claims or proceedings brought against the Lender as a consequence of any breach or inaccuracy of any of the representations and/or warranties contained in Clause 7 hereof or in the Security Documents or any breach of any covenant, commitment or agreement by the Borrower contained in Clause 8 hereof or elsewhere in this Loan Agreement or in the Security Documents.

 

13 RISK AND INSURANCE

 

13.1 All risk of loss, theft and damage of and to the Charged Assets from any cause whatsoever shall be the risk of the Borrower, and no such event shall relieve the Borrower of any obligation under a Drawdown Notice.

 

13.2 The Borrower shall:

 

13.2.1 bear all risk of loss of or damage to the Charged Assets whether insured against or not;

 

13.2.2 to the extent that any of the Charged Assets would typically be insured by a good and prudent owner, maintain with an insurance company approved by the Lender, in accordance with good and prudent practices of owners of such Charged Assets, fully comprehensive insurance under a standard form of “new for old” all risks policy including, third party, and business interruption for a 6 month period covering (i) loss of or damage to, the Charged Assets and against such other risks as assets of the same type as the Charged Assets are normally (or when used in the manner or for the purposes for which the Charged Assets are to be used) insured, and the new replacement value of

 

32


  the Charged Assets; and (ii) all liability whatsoever (including liability of the Lender) to any third party whomsoever including any employee, agent or subcontractor of the Lender or of the Borrower who may suffer damage to or loss of property or death or personal injury, whether arising directly or indirectly from the Charged Assets or their use;

 

13.2.3 use all reasonable efforts to procure that the interest of the Lender is noted under any policy maintained under clause 13.2.2 and that the Lender is loss payee;

 

13.2.4 upon request produce to the Lender any policy maintained under clause 13.2.2 and all premium receipts;

 

13.2.5 promptly notify the Lender of any event which may give rise to a claim under any policy maintained under clause 13.2.2 and upon request irrevocably appoint the Lender to be its sole agent to negotiate agree or compromise such claim; and

 

13.2.6 subject always to normal practice under the law governing the relevant insurance policy, upon request assign by way of security, or following the occurrence of an Event of Default, a complete assignment to the Lender the Borrower’s rights under any policy maintained under clause 13.2.2 and irrevocably appoint the Lender to institute any necessary proceedings.

 

14 END OF LOAN PAYMENT

The Borrower shall be required to pay the Lender, at the time of the last payment on each Loan, the End of Loan Payment. Upon payment of the last End of Loan Payment, subject to the terms of this Loan Agreement and the Security Documents (including the making of all payments hereunder and thereunder), the Lender shall take appropriate action to promptly release all Security Interests in favour of the Lender over the Charged Assets. Failure to pay the End of Loan Payment shall constitute a breach of this Loan Agreement.

 

15 POWER OF ATTORNEY

 

15.1 The Borrower by way of security hereby irrevocably appoints the Lender and separately any receiver appointed under any Security Document severally to be its attorney in its name and to act on its behalf and to execute and complete any deeds or documents which the Lender may require for perfecting its title to or for vesting the Charged Assets both present and future in the Lender or its respective nominees or in any purchaser and otherwise generally to sign seal and deliver and otherwise perfect any such legal or other Security Interest referred to in Clause 8.1.20 and all such deeds and documents and to do all such acts and things as may be required for the full exercise of the powers conferred hereunder or under any Security Document including any sale, lease, disposition, realisation or getting in and this appointment shall operate as a general power of attorney made under s.10 of the Powers of Attorney Act 1971. The Borrower hereby covenants with the Lender and separately with any such receiver to ratify and confirm any deed, document, act and thing and all transactions which any such attorney may lawfully execute or do. The appointments made and powers granted pursuant to this Clause 15.1, shall not vest in the Lender or any receiver until an Event of Default has occurred and only then for so long as such Event of Default is continuing.

 

33


16 NOTICES

 

16.1 Any notice, demand or other communication (“ Notice ”) to be given by any party under, or in connection with, this Loan Agreement shall be in writing and signed by or on behalf of the party giving it. Any Notice shall be served by sending it by fax to the number set out in Clause 16.2, or delivering it by hand to the address set out in Clause 16.2 and in each case marked for the attention of the relevant party set out in Clause 16.2 (or as otherwise notified from time to time in accordance with the provisions of this Clause 16). Any Notice so served by fax or hand shall be deemed to have been duly given or made as follows:

 

16.1.1 if sent by fax, at the time of transmission; or

 

16.1.2 in the case of delivery by hand, when delivered,

provided that in each case where delivery by fax or by hand occurs after 5pm on a Business Day (local time in the place of receipt) or on a day which is not a Business Day, service shall be deemed to occur at 9am on the next following Business Day (local time in the place of receipt).

References to time in the Clause are to local time in the country of the addressee.

 

16.2 The addresses and fax number of the parties for the purpose of Clause 16 are as follows:

 

16.2.1 Lender

 

Address:    Kreos Capital
  

25-28 Old Burlington Street

London W1S 3AN

Fax:    +44 (0)207 409 1034
For the attention of: Nick Gainsley
with a copy to:
Address:    Charles Russell Speechlys LLP
  

6 New Street Square

London EC4A 3LX

Fax:    +44 (0)207 427 6600
For the attention of: Chris Putt

 

16.2.2 Borrower and each Guarantor

 

Address:    Albireo AB,
   Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20 413 46
  

Gothenburg

Sweden

Fax:    +46 31 820223
For the attention of: Jan Mattsson
with a copy to:
Address:    Bristows LLP
  

100 Victoria Embankment

London EC4Y 0DH

Fax:    +44 (0)20 7400 8050
For the attention of: David Horner

 

34


16.3 A party may notify all other parties to this Loan Agreement of a change to its name, relevant addressee, address or fax number for the purposes of this Clause 16, provided that such notice shall only be effective on:

 

16.3.1 the date specified in the notification as the date on which the change is to take place; or

 

16.3.2 if no date is specified or the date specified is less than five Business Days after the date on which notice is given, the date following five Business Days after notice of any change has been given.

 

16.4 In proving service it shall be sufficient to prove that the envelope containing such notice was properly addressed and delivered to the address shown thereon or that the facsimile transmission was made and a facsimile confirmation report was received, as the case may be.

 

17 CONFIDENTIALITY

 

17.1 Confidential Information

The Lender agrees to keep all Confidential Information confidential and not to disclose it to anyone, save to the extent permitted by Clause 17.2, and to ensure that all Confidential Information is protected with security measures and a degree of care that would apply to its own confidential information.

 

17.2 Disclosure of Confidential Information

 

17.2.1 The Lender may disclose Confidential Information:

 

  (i) to any of its Permitted Transferees and any of its or their officers, directors, employees, professional advisers and auditors such Confidential Information as the Lender shall reasonably consider appropriate if any person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given pursuant to this paragraph (i) is informed in writing of its confidential nature and that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information except that there shall be no such requirement to so inform if the recipient is subject to professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of the information or is otherwise bound by adequate requirements of confidentiality in relation to the Confidential Information;

 

  (ii) to any person:

 

  (a) to (or through) whom it assigns or transfers (or may potentially assign or transfer) all or any of its rights and/or obligations under the Finance Documents in accordance with this Loan Agreement or which succeeds (or which may potentially succeed) it as Lender and, in each case, to any of that person’s Affiliates, Related Funds, Representatives and professional advisers;

 

  (b) with (or through) whom it enters into (or may potentially enter into), whether directly or indirectly, any sub-participation in relation to, or any other transaction under which payments are to be made or may be made by reference to, one or more Finance Documents and/or the Borrower and to any of that person’s Affiliates, Related Funds, Representatives and professional advisers;

 

35


  (c) appointed by the Lender or by a person to whom paragraph (ii)(a) or (b) above applies to receive communications, notices, information or documents delivered pursuant to the Finance Documents on its behalf;

 

  (d) to whom information is required or requested to be disclosed by any court of competent jurisdiction or any governmental, banking, taxation or other regulatory authority or similar body, the rules of any relevant stock exchange or its fund documentation or pursuant to any applicable law or regulation;

 

  (e) to whom information is required to be disclosed in connection with, and for the purposes of, any litigation, arbitration, administrative or other investigations, proceedings or disputes;

 

  (f) to whom or for whose benefit that Lender charges, assigns or otherwise creates a Security Interest (or may do so) pursuant to this Loan Agreement ;

 

  (g) with the consent of the Borrower,

in each case, such Confidential Information as that Lender shall consider appropriate if:

 

  (iii) in relation to paragraphs (ii)(a), (ii)(b), (ii)(c) and (ii)(f) above and, to the extent disclosure is required or requested under the Lender’s fund documentation as contemplated in paragraph (ii)(d) above, the person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given has entered into a Confidentiality Agreement except that there shall be no requirement for a Confidentiality Agreement if the recipient is a professional adviser and is subject to professional obligations to maintain the confidentiality of the Confidential Information;

 

  (iv) in relation to paragraphs (ii)(d) and (ii)(e) above, the person to whom the Confidential Information is to be given is informed of its confidential nature and that some or all of such Confidential Information may be price-sensitive information; and

 

  (v) to any person appointed by that Lender or by a person to whom paragraph (ii)(a) or (ii)(b) above applies to provide administration or settlement services in respect of one or more of the Finance Documents including without limitation, in relation to the trading of participations in respect of the Finance Documents, such Confidential Information as may be required to be disclosed to enable such service provider to provide any of the services referred to in this paragraph (v) if the service provider to whom the Confidential Information is to be given has entered into a confidentiality agreement substantially in the form of Confidentiality Agreement agreed between the Borrower and the Lender,

provided always that the Lender shall at all times take all reasonable steps to restrict the amount of Confidential Information that is disclosed to any person and shall not, in any event, be permitted to disclose Confidential Information to any person under paragraphs (ii)(a), (ii)(b), (ii)(c) and (ii)(f) above to the extent that such person is engaged, interested or concerned whether as principal, agent, representative, partner, director, employee, joint venturer, investor, consultant or otherwise in the pharmaceutical or biotechnology sectors (but in each case disregarding any holding of up to 5% of any class of securities of any company listed on a recognised investment exchange).

 

36


17.3 Entire agreement on Confidential Information

Without prejudice to clause 18.7 this Clause, 17 constitutes the entire agreement between the Parties in relation to the obligations of the Lender under the Finance Documents regarding Confidential Information and supersedes any previous agreement, whether express or implied, regarding Confidential Information.

 

17.4 Notification of disclosure

 

17.4.1 The Lender agrees (to the extent permitted by law and regulation) to inform the Borrower:

 

  (i) of the circumstances of any disclosure of Confidential Information made pursuant to paragraph (ii)(d) of Clause 17.2.1 (Disclosure of Confidential Information) except where such disclosure is made to any of the persons referred to in that paragraph during the ordinary course of its supervisory or regulatory function; and

 

  (ii) upon becoming aware that Confidential Information has been disclosed in breach of this Clause 17.

 

17.5 Term

The obligations in this Clause 17 will end on the date that is five years after the Agreement Date.

 

18 GENERAL

 

18.1 All agreements, covenants, representations and warranties of the Borrower contained in this Loan Agreement or in the Drawdown Notices or other documents delivered pursuant hereto or in connection herewith and continuing, shall survive and remain binding following the execution and delivery of this Loan Agreement until the expiration, cancellation or other termination of this Loan Agreement or the repayment of all amounts due hereunder to the Lender. Following the expiration, cancellation or other termination of this Loan Agreement or the repayment of all amounts due hereunder to the Lender, no further obligations shall remain between the Obligors and the Lender under this Loan Agreement except for the confidentiality obligations detailed in Clause 17, which shall remain in force until expiry in accordance with their terms.

 

18.2 No failure to exercise, nor any delay in exercising, on the part of the Lender, any right or remedy hereunder shall operate as a waiver, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right or remedy prevent any further or other exercise or the exercise of any other right or remedy. The rights and remedies

 

37


  provided in this Loan Agreement are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by law or in equity. Waiver by the Lender of any default shall not constitute waiver of any other default.

 

18.3 The Borrower may not assign or transfer its rights, benefits and obligations under this Loan Agreement. The Lender shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to assign, sell, pledge, grant a security interest in or otherwise encumber its rights under this Loan Agreement and/or one or more Drawdown Notices (i) to any Permitted Transferee or (ii) to anyone who may be acting as an agent for any Permitted Transferee in entering into any Drawdown Notice. The Borrower hereby irrevocably consents to any assignment, sale, pledge, grant of a security interest or any other disposal to a Permitted Transferee. The Borrower agrees that if it receives notice from the Lender that it is to make payments under this Loan Agreement and/or any Drawdown Notice to such Permitted Transferee rather than to the Lender, or that any of its other obligations under the relevant Drawdown Notice are to be owed to the named Permitted Transferee, the Borrower shall comply with any such notice and payment made by the Borrower under any such notice shall constitute a full discharge of the relevant payment obligation. Subject to the foregoing, this Loan Agreement and each Drawdown Notice inures to the benefit of, and is binding upon, the successors and assigns of the Lender. If the Lender assigns or transfers any of its rights or obligations under this Agreement and, as a result of circumstances existing at the date the assignment, transfer or change occurs, a Guarantor would be obliged to make a payment to the new Lender under Clause 11.5 (Liability for Taxes) or Clause 11.6 (Illegality and Increased Costs), then the new Lender (if not an Affiliate of the Lender) is only entitled to receive payment under those Clauses to the same extent as the Lender would have been if the assignment, transfer or change had not occurred.

 

18.4 Clause titles are solely for convenience and are not an aid in the interpretation of this Loan Agreement.

 

18.5 If, at any time, any provision herein is or becomes illegal, invalid or unenforceable in any respect under any law of any jurisdiction, neither the legality, validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions nor the legality, validity or enforceability of such provision under the law of any other jurisdiction will in any way be affected or impaired.

 

18.6 A person who is not a party to this Agreement has no right under the Contract (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce or enjoy the benefits of this Agreement.

 

18.7 This Loan Agreement, together with the Security Documents, constitutes the entire agreement between the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof. This Loan Agreement may not be modified except in writing executed by the Lender and the Borrower. No supplier or agent of the Lender is authorised to bind the Lender or to waive or modify any term of this Loan Agreement.

 

18.8 This Loan Agreement may be executed in counterparts (including facsimile copies), each of which shall be an original, but all such counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

38


18.9 This Loan Agreement and any non-contractual obligations arising out of or in connection with it are governed by English law. The courts of England have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Loan Agreement (including a dispute relating to the existence, validity or termination of this Loan Agreement or any non-contractual obligation arising out of or in connection with this Loan Agreement (a “ Dispute ”). The parties to this Loan Agreement agree that the courts of England are the most appropriate and convenient courts to settle Disputes and accordingly no party to this Loan Agreement will argue to the contrary. This Clause 18.9 is for the benefit of the Lender only. As a result, the Lender shall not be prevented from taking proceedings relating to a Dispute in any other courts with jurisdiction. To the extent allowed by law, the Lender may take concurrent proceedings in any number of jurisdictions.

 

39


SCHEDULE A

Part A

FORM OF DRAWDOWN NOTICE

DRAWDOWN NOTICE

Drawdown

No. [                    ]

dated                              2014

between

 

KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED    ALBIREO LIMITED
the (“Lender”)    the (“Borrower”)

This Drawdown Notice forms a Schedule to a Loan Agreement between the Lender and the Borrower dated [            ] 2014 (the “ Loan Agreement ”)

The Lender has granted the Borrower a loan facility pursuant to the terms and conditions set out in the Loan Agreement and as detailed below.

Words and expressions in this Drawdown Notice shall have the same meanings as in the Loan Agreement.

Loan Details

 

Total Loan Facility    €6,000,000
Amount of Loan Facility to be drawn down pursuant to this Drawdown Notice    €[●]
Loan Term    36 months
Bank Account Details for remittance of funds    [●]
Drawdown Date (which shall be a Business Day no later than the Date of Expiry of the Loan Facility)    [●]
Repayment Schedule    As set out in Part B hereof

We confirm that:

 

(a) the representations and warranties made by us in the Loan Agreement are true and accurate on the date of this Drawdown Notice as if made on such date; and

 

(b) no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing or would result from the delivery of this Drawdown Notice.


for and on behalf of

ALBIREO LIMITED

Authorised Signatory

Name                                                                              

Dated [                    ]

 

2


Part B

Repayment Schedule

 

3


Albireo - Restructure Proposal

January 2016

 

     Revised Repayment Schedule  
                   Total Payment         

DUE DATE

   Principal      Interest      Other      due      Principle
Outstanding
 

01. Dez 15

                 4.657.560,46   

01. Jan 16

     69.806,31         44.634,95         0,00         114.441,27         4.587.754,15   

01. Feb 16

     70.475,29         43.965,98         0,00         114.441,27         4.517.278,86   

01. Mrz 16

     71.150,68         43.290,59         0,00         114.441,27         4.446.128,18   

01. Apr 16

     71.832,54         42.608,73         0,00         114.441,27         4.374.295,65   

01. Mai 16

     72.520,93         41.920,33         0,00         114.441,27         4.301.774,71   

01. Jun 16

     73.215,92         41.225,34         0,00         114.441,27         4.228.558,79   

01. Jul 16

     209.476,31         40.523,69         0,00         250.000,00         4.019.082,48   

01. Aug 16

     211.483,79         38.516,21         0,00         250.000,00         3.807.598,69   

01. Sep 16

     213.510,51         36.489,49         0,00         250.000,00         3.594.088,17   

01. Okt 16

     215.556,66         34.443,34         0,00         250.000,00         3.378.531,52   

01. Nov 16

     217.622,41         32.377,59         0,00         250.000,00         3.160.909,11   

01. Dez 16

     219.707,95         30.292,05         0,00         250.000,00         2.941.201,16   

01. Jan 17

     232.448,19         28.186,51         9.365,30         270.000,00         2.708.752,97   

01. Feb 17

     234.675,82         25.958,88         9.365,30         270.000,00         2.474.077,15   

01. Mrz 17

     236.924,79         23.709,91         9.365,30         270.000,00         2.237.152,36   

01. Apr 17

     239.195,32         21.439,38         9.365,30         270.000,00         1.997.957,04   

01. Mai 17

     241.487,61         19.147,09         9.365,30         270.000,00         1.756.469,43   

01. Jun 17

     243.801,87         16.832,83         9.365,30         270.000,00         1.512.667,56   

01. Jul 17

     246.138,30         14.496,40         9.365,30         270.000,00         1.266.529,26   

01. Aug 17

     248.497,13         12.137,57         9.365,30         270.000,00         1.018.032,13   

01. Sep 17

     250.878,56         9.756,14         9.365,30         270.000,00         767.153,57   

01. Okt 17

     253.282,81         7.351,89         9.365,30         270.000,00         513.870,76   

01. Nov 17

     255.710,10         4.924,59         9.365,30         270.000,00         258.160,66   

01. Dez 17

     258.160,66         2.474,04         409.365,30         670.000,00         0,00   
  

 

 

          

 

 

    

Tota I

     4.657.560,46               5.826.647,59      
  

 

 

          

 

 

    
     0,00               0,00      

Albireo - Restructure (241115) Final 20160119

 

4


SCHEDULE B

INITIAL SECURITY DOCUMENTS

Debenture by the Borrower

Swedish law pledge by Albireo Limited over the Shares in Guarantor 1

Pledge by Guarantor 1 over the shares in Guarantor 2

Pledge by Guarantor 1 of its bank accounts

Pledge by Guarantor 1 over A4250 patents

Pledge by Guarantor 2 over A3309 patents

Pledge by Guarantor 2 of its bank accounts

 

5


SCHEDULE C

THE PATENTS

Part 1

 

Docket

Number

  Country   Registered Owner   Application Number  

Patent

Number

  Status
IBAT 100479 (A4250 composition of matter)
NP0141AL   Albania   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   2007/02231   Granted - (G)
NP0141AR   Argentina   AstraZeneca AB   20103379   AR037089B1   Granted - (G)
NP0141AT   Austria   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   349214   Granted - (G)
NP0141AU   Australia   Albireo AB   2002329387   2002329387   Granted - (G)
NP0141BE   Belgium   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141BG   Bulgaria   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141BR   Brazil   AstraZeneca AB   PI0212346-0     Filed - (F)
NP0141CA   Canada   Albireo AB   2459449   2459449   Granted - (G)
NP0141CH   Switzerland   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141CL   Chile   AstraZeneca AB   2074/2002   50039   Granted - (G)
NP0141CY   Cyprus   Albireo AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141CZ   Czech Republic   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141DE   Germany   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   60217136.9   Granted - (G)
NP0141DK   Denmark   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141EE   Estonia   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141ES   Spain   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   2278045   Granted - (G)
NP0141FI   Finland   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141FR   France   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141GB   Great Britain   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141GR   Greece   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   3061212   Granted - (G)
NP0141HK   Hong Kong   AstraZeneca AB   04108119.5   1065258   Granted - (G)
NP0141HU   Hungary   Albireo AB   P0401196   227623   Granted - (G)
NP0141ID   Indonesia   AstraZeneca AB   W-00200400445   ID 0020053   Granted - (G)
NP0141IE   Ireland   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141IL   Israel   Albireo AB   160691   160691   Granted - (G)
NP0141IN   India   AstraZeneca AB   539/DELNP/2004   248635   Granted - (G)
NP0141IT   Italy   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141JP   Japan   Albireo AB   2003-526415   3616635   Granted - (G)
NP0141KR   Republic of Korea   Albireo AB   10-2004-7003407   0935623   Granted - (G)
NP0141LT   Lithuania   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141LU   Luxembourg   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141LV   Latvia   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141MC   Monaco   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141MK   Macedonia   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141MX   Mexico   AstraZeneca AB   PA/A/2004/002179   256257   Granted - (G)
NP0141MY   Malaysia   AstraZeneca AB   PI20023317   MY131995A   Granted - (G)
NP0141NL   Netherlands   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141NO   Norway   Albireo AB   20040948   327041   Granted - (G)
NP0141NZ   New Zealand   AstraZeneca AB   531796   531796   Granted - (G)
NP0141PH   Philippines   AstraZeneca AB   1-2004-500326     Filed - (F)
NP0141PL   Poland   AstraZeneca AB   P369078     Filed - (F)
NP0141PT   Portugal   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141RO   Romania   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141RU   Russian Federation   AstraZeneca AB   2004110716   2305681   Granted - (G)
NP0141SA   Saudi Arabia   AstraZeneca AB   02230379   2078   Granted - (G)
NP0141SE   Sweden   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141SG   Singapore   AstraZeneca AB   200401088-0   102496   Granted - (G)
NP0141SI   Slovenia   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141SK   Slovak Republic   Albireo AB   02765013.4   E1654   Granted - (G)
NP0141TH   Thailand   AstraZeneca AB   076424     Filed - (F)
NP0141TR   Turkey   AstraZeneca AB   02765013.4   1427423   Granted - (G)
NP0141TW   Taiwan   Albireo AB   091120297   I331143   Granted - (G)
NP0141UA   Ukraine   AstraZeneca AB   2004042638   77209   Granted - (G)
NP0141US   United States   Albireo AB   10/488870   7132416   Granted - (G)
NP0141UY   Uruguay   AstraZeneca AB   27436     Filed - (F)
NP0141VE   Venezuela   AstraZeneca AB   1708/2002     Filed - (F)
NP0141ZA   South Africa   AstraZeneca AB   2004/01798   2004/01798   Granted - (G)

 

6


Part 2

 

Docket

Number

  Country   Registered Owner   Application Number  

Patent

Number

  Status
IBAT 100248 (A3309/elobixibat composition of matter)
212795   Albania   Albireo AB   01271366.5   2007/02331   Registered
212173   Argentina   Albireo AB   P010106011   AR035723   Registered
212785   Austria   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211778   Australia   Albireo AB   2002222228   2002222228   Registered
212815   Bangladesh   AstraZeneca AB   290/2001   1003779   Registered
212790   Belgium   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211779   Bulgaria   Albireo AB   107928   66342   Registered Under
211782   Brazil   AstraZeneca AB   PI0116397-3     Examination
211796   Canada   Albireo AB   2431461   2431461   Registered
212345   Switzerland   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211798   China   Albireo AB   01821031.7   ZL01821031.7   Registered
212784   Cyprus Czech   AstraZeneca AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered Under
211803   Republic   Albireo AB   PV2003-1717     Examination
212783   Germany   Albireo AB   01271366.5   60127997.2   Registered
212782   Denmark   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211808   Estonia   Albireo AB   P200300307   05158   Registered
212128   Egypt   AstraZeneca AB   1345/2001     Application allowed
212781   Spain   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212772   Finland   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212740   France   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212733   United Kingdom   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212719   Greece   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212667   Hong Kong   Albireo AB   03109193.3   1056732   Registered
211815   Hungary   Albireo AB   P0301953   229050   Registered
211816   Indonesia   Albireo AB   W-00200301203   ID 0027751   Registered
212717   Ireland   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211817   Israel   Albireo AB   156341   156341   Registered
211821   India   Albireo AB   560/MUMNP/2003   209158   Registered
211822   Iceland   Albireo AB   6852   2833   Registered
212461   Italy   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
211825   Japan   Albireo AB   2002-551548   3665055   Registered
211857   Republic of Korea   Albireo AB   10-2003-7008425   0882342   Registered
212336   Liechtenstein   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212459   Lithuania   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212458   Luxembourg   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212457   Latvia   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212455   Monaco   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212793   Macedonia (F.Y.R.O.M)   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212114   Mexico   Albireo AB   2003/005637   240483   Registered
212169   Malaysia   Albireo AB   PI20015774   MY-137508-A   Registered
212451   Netherlands   AstraZeneca AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212117   Norway   Albireo AB   20032829   326620   Registered
212118   New Zealand   Albireo AB   526562   526562   Registered
        1-2003-  
212817   Philippines   Albireo AB   1-2003-500537   500537   Registered
212119   Poland   Albireo AB   P-363380     Registered
212447   Portugal   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212446   Romania   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
  Russian        
212121   Federation   Albireo AB   2003122205   2302414   Registered
212132   Saudi Arabia   Albireo AB   02220610   1961   Registered
212349   Sweden   AstraZeneca AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212122   Singapore   Albireo AB   200302941-0   96959   Registered
212348   Slovenia   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212123   Slovakia   Albireo AB   PP0776/2003   287059   Registered
212172   Thailand   Albireo AB   070606     Application filed
212346   Turkey   Albireo AB   01271366.5   1345918   Registered
212171   Taiwan   Albireo AB   090131712   I291951   Registered
212124   Ukraine   Albireo AB   2003076824   79085   Registered
212125   USA   Albireo AB   10/451262   7192945   Registered
212126   South Africa   Albireo AB   2003/4266   2003/4266   Registered

 

7


Duly executed as a deed by the parties on the date first set out on the first page of this Loan Agreement.

 

BORROWER     
Signed by     
ALBIREO LIMITED     
By JAN MATTSON     

 

Director     
In the presence of:     
Witness Signature                                                                              
Witness name                                                                                      
Witness address                                                                                
Witness occupation                                                                          
GUARANTOR 1     
Signed by     
ALBIREO AB     
By JAN MATTSON     

 

Authorised signatory     
    
GUARANTOR 2     
Signed by     
ELOBIX AB     
By JAN MATTSON     

 

Authorised signatory     
LENDER     
Signed     
For and on behalf of     
KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED     
Name:                                                                                                
Title:                                                                                                  

 

8


SCHEDULE 2

Deed of Variation & Accession

 

9


 

LOGO

 

DATED   2016

(1)     KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED

(2)     ALBIREO LIMITED

(3)     ALBIREO AB

(4)     ELOBIX AB

(5)     ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.

 

 

DEED OF VARIATION AND ACCESSION

relating to an Intra-Group Loan Agreement

dated 18 December 2014

 

 

5 Fleet Place London EC4M 7RD

Tel: +44 (0)20 7203 5000 ● Fax: +44 (0)20 7203 0200 ● DX: 19 London/Chancery Lane

www.charlesrussellspeechlys.com


CONTENTS

 

1

 

DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

     1   

2

 

AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

     2   

3

 

ACCESSION

     2   

4

 

FURTHER ASSURANCE

     2   

5

 

COUNTERPARTS

     2   

6

 

THIRD PARTY RIGHTS

     2   

7

 

GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

     2   

SCHEDULE 1

     4   


THIS DEED OF VARIATION AND ACCESSION (this Deed ) is made as a deed on              2016

BETWEEN:

 

(1) KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED , a company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 07758282 and whose registered office is at 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN ( Lender ); and

 

(2) ALBIREO LIMITED , a company incorporated in England and Wales with registered number 06445879 and whose registered office is at First Floor, 100 Victoria Embankment, London EC4Y 0DH ( Borrower ); and

 

(3) ALBIREO AB , a company incorporated in Sweden with registered number 5567374631 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden ( Guarantor 1 );

 

(4) ELOBIX AB , a company incorporated in Sweden with registered number 5569469421 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens backe 20, 413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden ( Guarantor 2 ), and

 

(5) ALBIREO PHARMA, INC. (formerly Biodel Inc.), a Delaware corporation ( Albireo Pharma ).

together the “ Parties ” and each a “ Party ”.

BACKGROUND

 

(A) This Deed is supplemental to a Supplemental Deed dated [    ] May 2016 relating to a loan agreement dated 18 December 2014 ( Supplemental Deed) between the Lender, the Borrower, Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2, an agreement between the same parties that regulates the intra-group lending between the Borrower, Guarantor 1 and Guarantor 2 dated 18 December 2014, (the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement ), and a Share Exchange Agreement (as defined in the Supplemental Deed) dated [    ] May 2016.

 

(B) With effect from the date hereof, the parties have agreed to vary the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement in the manner set out in this Deed and to provide for Albireo Pharma to accede to the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement as varied herein.

AGREED PROVISIONS

 

1 DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 

1.1 Terms defined in the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement shall have the same meaning when used in this Deed unless otherwise defined herein.

 

1.2 The rules of interpretation of the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement shall apply to this Deed as if set out in this Deed.

 

1.3 The Schedules form part of this Deed and shall have effect as of set out in full in the body of this Deed. Any reference to this Deed includes the Schedules.

 

1


2 AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

 

2.1 With effect on and from the date of this agreement (the Effective Date ), the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement shall be amended and restated in the form set out in Schedule 1 (the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement ) so that the rights and obligations of the Parties shall, on and from the Effective Date, be governed by and construed in accordance with the provisions of the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement.

 

2.2 The amendment and restatement of the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement shall be without prejudice to any rights or obligations of the Parties accrued up to the Effective Date under the Existing Intra-Group Loan Agreement.

 

3 ACCESSION

Each of the Parties agrees that, from the Effective Date, Albireo Pharma shall by virtue of this Deed accede to the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement as a Lender and, in such capacity, observe, perform and be bound by the provisions of the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement and (to the extent that monies are advanced thereunder) assume all of the rights under the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement (as though Albireo Pharma was an original party to the Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement as a Lender).

 

4 FURTHER ASSURANCE

The Parties shall do all such acts and things necessary or desirable to give effect to the provisions of this Deed.

 

5 COUNTERPARTS

This Deed may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when executed shall constitute a duplicate original, but all the counterparts together shall constitute one agreement.

 

6 THIRD PARTY RIGHTS

A person who is not a party to this Deed shall not have any rights under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce, or enjoy the benefit of, any term of this Deed. This does not affect any right or remedy of a third party which exists, or is available, apart from that Act.

 

7 GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION

 

7.1 This Deed and any dispute or claim arising out of or in connection with it or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims) shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the Law of England and Wales.

 

2


7.2 The Parties to this Deed irrevocably agree that the courts of England and Wales shall have exclusive jurisdiction to settle any dispute or claim that arises out of or in connection with this Deed or its subject matter or formation (including non-contractual disputes or claims). Nothing in this clause shall limit the right of the Lender to take proceedings against the Borrower in any other court of competent jurisdiction, nor shall the taking of proceedings in any one or more jurisdictions preclude the taking of proceedings in any other jurisdiction, whether concurrently or not, to the extent permitted by the law of such other jurisdiction.

This agreement is executed as a deed and is delivered on the day and year first before written.

 

3


SCHEDULE 1

Amended and Restated Intra-Group Loan Agreement

 

4


AMENDED AND RESTATED INTRA-GROUP LOAN AGREEMENT

INTRA-GROUP LOAN AGREEMENT

This Loan Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) is entered into on [●] 2016 by and between (1) Albireo Pharma Inc., formerly Biodel Inc., a Delaware corporation (“ Topco ”), (2) Albireo Limited, a company incorporated in England and Wales under registered number 06445879 whose registered office is at First Floor, 100 Victoria Embankment, London EC4Y 0DH (“ A UK ”), (3) Albireo AB, a company incorporated in Sweden under registered number 5567374631 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden (“ A AB ”), (4) Elobix AB, a company incorporated in Sweden under registered number 556946-9421 whose registered office is at Arvid Wallgrens Backe 20 413 46, Gothenburg, Sweden (“ Elobix ”) and (5) Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited a company incorporated in England and Wales under number 07758282 whose registered office at 25 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN (“ Kreos ”).

Whereas:-

 

(a) This Agreement is supplemental to a deed of variation and accession between the parties hereto made on [] 2016 of an intra-group loan agreement made on 18 December 2014 between the parties hereto (other than Topco) ( Original Intra-group Loan Agreement ), which in turn relates to a loan facility in an aggregate amount of EUR6,000,000 signed on 18 December 2014 provided to A UK for the benefit of the Group by Kreos (“ Kreos Facility ”). The Kreos Facility is guaranteed by A AB and Elobix; and

 

(b) A UK is the 100% parent company of A AB and A AB is the 100% parent company of Elobix.

It is hereby agreed as follows:-

 

1. Definitions and Interpretation

 

1.1 In this agreement the following words and phrases shall have the following meanings:-

 

    “Borrower”: any of A UK, A AB or Elobix who borrows funds from a Lender pursuant to this Agreement,

 

    “Group” means Topco and its subsidiaries (as defined in section 1159 of the Companies Act 2006) and “Group Company” means any member of the Group,

 

    “Lender”: any of A UK, A AB, Elobix or Topco who lends funds to any Borrower pursuant to this Agreement,

 

    “Loan”: a loan made by any Lender pursuant to this Agreement,

 

    “Security Interest”: has the meaning given to such term in the Kreos Facility.

 

1.2 Unless otherwise defined here in, words and phrases used in this Agreement shall have the same meanings as set out in the Kreos Facility.


2. Loan

 

2.1 Each of the Lenders agree to fund the Borrowers on the terms of this Agreement.

 

2.2 Prior to the Final Repayment Date, no Lender shall make any loan or otherwise give credit to any Borrower other than on the terms set out in this Agreement.

 

3. Terms of Loan

 

3.1 The purpose of the Loan shall be used for general working capital and other business purposes as permitted in the respective Borrowers’ incorporation documents, and each Borrower shall repay to the Lender any Loan drawn-down by such Borrower, plus accrued interest, and applicable bank commissions and other charges on the terms hereof.

 

3.2 The making and amount of any Loan shall be agreed between the relevant Lender and the relevant Borrower from time to time. At Kreos’ request, A UK shall inform Kreos of the sum owing under this agreement from time to time.

 

3.3 Subject to Clause 10 and other than to the extent prepaid in accordance with Clause 3.4, the principal amount of all Loans made to any Borrower together with all accrued interest shall be due and payable in full on the date that is coterminous with the repayment of all amounts due and owing from A UK under the Kreos Facility (the “ Final Repayment Date ”) or such later date as may be agreed between the relevant Lender and Borrower.

 

3.4 Any outstanding principal or interest owing from a Borrower to Lender under this Agreement may at anytime, without penalty, be prepaid by a Borrower, provided that:

 

  A) any payment made by a Borrower prior to the Final Repayment Date under this Clause 3.4 is made to a bank account that is subject to a Security Interest in favour of Kreos (or its permitted successors and assigns of any rights granted under the Kreos Facility); and

 

  B) no Borrower shall be entitled to make a prepayment to Topco under this Clause 3.4 at any time prior to the Final Repayment Date.

 

4. Drawings of Loan Amounts

 

4.1 Whenever a Borrower and a Lender have agreed a Loan, such Borrower shall give the Lender at least three business days’ advance written request therefor, or such shorter period of advance request as shall be acceptable to the Lender.

 

4.2 Subject to clause 3.4 B), all repayments of principal and interest made by any of the Parties prior to the Final Repayment Date shall be made to a bank account that is subject to a Security Interest in favour of Kreos (or its permitted successors and assigns of any rights granted under the Kreos Facility).

 

2


4.3 Any amounts outstanding as between each of A UK, A AB and Elobix under the Original Intra-group Loan Agreement (including both principal and any accrued interest) shall automatically be governed by the terms of this Agreement as at First Drawdown, with any such balances constituting a Loan hereunder as between the relevant Borrower and the relevant Lender. A UK, A AB and Elobix hereby agree that this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between each of them with respect to intra-group lending arrangements and that this Agreement supersedes and extinguishes any existing agreements and arrangements as may be in place as between each of them.

 

4.4 Save for accrued rights and obligations, the Original Intra-group Loan Agreement is hereby terminated and replaced by this Agreement.

 

5. Interest

 

5.1 Each Borrower shall pay the Lender interest on the outstanding principal amounts of indebtedness owed by such Borrower to the Lender in respect of any Loan at an annual rate of interest agreed by such Borrower and Lender (provided that the annual rate of interest with respect to any Loan is not more than 15.2 per cent).

 

5.2 Interest shall accrue on a daily basis from the date of draw-down of such Loan and shall be payable in accordance with Clause 3.3.

 

6. Borrower’s warranty

Each Borrower warrants to the Lender that it has agreed and received all necessary authorizations in connection with the entry into this Agreement and that it has legal power to execute and perform this Agreement.

 

7. Subordination to Kreos

Each of the Lenders agrees that its Loans shall be subordinated to Kreos, subject always to the right to receive prepayment in accordance with Clause 3.4. Without prejudice to the foregoing, (a) without prior written consent from Kreos, none of the Lenders or Borrowers (as applicable) shall amend, encumber, pre-pay (otherwise than in accordance with Clause 3.4 above) or assign their Loans, nor set off or compromise any liability owing between them in settlement of any Loans, and (b) on the Loans becoming payable pursuant to clause 10 hereof, such Loans shall be applied towards settlement of the Lenders’ obligations under the Kreos Facility (or under any guarantee entered into in respect thereof), and pending such payment, all such Loans shall be held on trust for Kreos.

 

3


8. Procedure for Amendments to this Agreement

Any amendments to this Agreement are only effective if in written form and signed by all parties hereto (including Kreos), provided that the Lender and any one of the Borrowers may amend the terms of a Loan as between themselves without requiring the consent of any other Borrowers.

 

9. Assignment of Rights and Duties

No Lender or Borrower shall have the right to assign its rights and duties hereunder without the written consent of Kreos.

 

10. Events of Default and Liability of Borrowers

 

10.1 Each of the following shall constitute an event of default as between a given Borrower and the Lender:

 

  A) such Borrower fails to make any payment of interest or principal in respect of a Loan when due and such failure continues for a period of fifteen days after notice thereof to such Borrower;

 

  B) such Borrower ceases to be a Group Company;

 

  C) such Borrower files or has filed against it any petition seeking relief under any bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar statute for the protection of creditors, or if a liquidator, receiver, administrative receiver, administrator, compulsory manager or other similar officer is appointed for a material portion of such Borrower’s assets; or

 

  D) any acceleration of the loan made to A UK by Kreos following an “Event of Default” as such term is defined pursuant to the Kreos Facility;

 

10.2 Upon the occurrence of any event of default, the Lender shall declare such Borrower to be in default hereunder by giving written notice thereof to the relevant Borrower, such declaration of default to become effective immediately. Upon any such declaration of default, all amounts due and payable by that Borrower shall immediately be accelerated and become due and payable as of the effective date of such declaration of default, without presentment, demand or protest.

 

11. Governing Law

The parties agree that this Agreement shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of England and Wales, subject to the jurisdiction of the Courts of England and Wales.

 

12. Notices

All notices sent pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing in the English language and shall be deemed received only upon actual receipt. Notices shall be sent to the addresses of each party as set out in the first paragraph of this Agreement unless a Party provides five business days’ notice to the other Parties of any alternative address to which notices should be sent.

 

4


13. Counterparts

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which when executed shall constitute a duplicate original, but all the counterparts shall together constitute one agreement.

 

14. Third Party Rights

 

14.1 Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, a person who is not a party to this Agreement has no right under the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 to enforce or enjoy the benefit of any term of this Agreement. This does not affect any right or remedy of a third party which exists, or is available, apart from that act.

 

14.2 Any person who is not a party to this Agreement, but who becomes a member of the Group (as defined in the Kreos Facility), may become a Lender and/or a Borrower under this Agreement (and a party hereto) by executing a deed of accession in such form as may be agreed, from time to time, by all of the parties hereto.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF the parties have caused this Agreement to be executed on the date and time stated above.

 

Signed by Albireo Limited    )   
by    )   
Signed by Albireo AB    )   
By    )   
Signed by Elobix AB    )   
by    )   
Signed by Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited    )   
By    )   
Signed by Albireo Pharma Inc by    )   
by    )   

 

5


EXECUTION PAGE

This agreement is executed as a deed and is delivered on the day and year first before written.

 

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED acting by a director in the presence of:    
Witness name:  

 

 
Witness signature:  

 

 
Witness address:  

 

 
Witness occupation:  

 

 
EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of ALBIREO LIMITED acting by a director in the presence of:    
Witness name:  

 

 
Witness signature:  

 

 
Witness address:  

 

 
Witness occupation:  

 

 

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of A LBIREO AB acting by

                     under its authority:

   

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of ELOBIX AB acting by

                     under its authority:

   
EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.    

acting by

                     under its authority:

   

 

6


SCHEDULE 3

Guarantee and Security Agreement

 

7


GUARANTY AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

GUARANTY AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (“ Agreement ”), dated as of [●], 2016, by and between ALBIREO PHARMA, INC. (f/k/a Biodel, Inc.), a Delaware corporation (“ Guarantor ”) having a principal place of business at 50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, MA 02109, and KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (“ Kreos ”) whose registered office is at 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN, United Kingdom. Guarantor and Kreos are sometimes hereinafter referred to individually as a “ party ” and collectively as the “ parties .”

RECITALS:

Kreos and Albireo Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Borrower ”), Albireo AB, a company incorporated in Sweden (“ Albireo Guarantor ”); and Elobix AB, a company incorporated in Sweden (“ Elobix Guarantor ”) have entered into that certain Amended and Restated Agreement for the Provision of a Loan Facility of up to €6,000,000 Dated 18 December 2014, as Amended by a Deed of Variation Dated 4 February 2016 and as Amended and Restated on the date hereof, pursuant to a Supplemental Agreement Dated [●] May 2016, Kreos, as lender, Borrower, as borrower, and Albireo Guarantor and Elobix Guarantor, as guarantors (such agreement, as heretofore, now and hereafter amended, modified or supplemented, is referred to herein together as the “ Loan Agreement ”). Borrower is to be, subject to stamping, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Guarantor, and Guarantor acknowledges that it and its operations will directly benefit from the loans and other financial accommodations being made by Kreos to Borrower pursuant to the Loan Agreement (collectively, the “ Loan ”). This Agreement is a “Security Document” for the purpose of the Loan Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of Kreos’ agreeing to amend and restate the Loan Agreement concurrently herewith, and in order to induce Kreos to continue to extend the Loan to Borrower, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Guarantor hereby agrees as follows:

1. Unconditional Guaranty. Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably guaranties, as a primary obligor and not merely as a surety, without offset or deduction, (a) the full and punctual payment when due of all obligations and amounts payable by Borrower to Kreos, however arising, including those arising under the Loan Agreement and any security agreement, pledge agreement or other agreement entered into or delivered in connection with the Loan Agreement (together with the Loan Agreement, the “ Loan Documents ”), including all fees and expenses payable by Borrower thereunder and all expenses incurred by Kreos in enforcing any rights under the Loan Documents or this Agreement and (b) the full performance and observance of all of the covenants, conditions and agreements provided in the Loan Documents to be performed or observed by Borrower. In the case of a failure of Borrower punctually to make any payment of principal of, or interest, make-whole or premium in respect of the Loan or under or pursuant to the Loan Documents, Guarantor hereby agrees to cause such payment to be made punctually when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at stated maturity, on a prepayment date, by declaration of acceleration, or otherwise, as if such payment were made by Borrower, it being the intention of Guarantor that the guaranty set forth herein (the “ Guaranty ”) shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection. The obligations and agreements of Guarantor hereunder shall be performed and observed without requiring any notice of non-payment, non-performance or non-observance, or any proof thereof or demand therefor, all of which Guarantor hereby expressly waives. All of the indebtedness, obligations and liabilities described in this Section 1 are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Obligations .” This Agreement together with any security agreement, pledge agreement or other agreement securing this Agreement are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Guaranty Documents .”


2. Character of Obligations; Consents and Waivers by Guarantor.

(a) This Agreement and the Guaranty hereunder shall be binding upon Guarantor, its successors and assigns, and shall remain in full force and effect until the monetary Obligations of Borrower pursuant to the Loan Documents (other than contingent obligations of the Borrower under the Loan Agreement as to which no claim has then arisen) are fully and indefeasibly paid, performed and discharged in accordance with their terms and there are no outstanding commitments by Kreos to extend any financial accommodations to the Borrower (at which time this Agreement and the Security Interests (defined below) granted hereunder shall terminate and Kreos shall execute and deliver to the Guarantor, upon the Guarantor’s written request and at the Guarantor’s expense, such documents as shall be reasonably necessary to effectuate the termination of such Security Interests held by Kreos, it being agreed that should any contingent obligations of the Borrower subsequently arise and become monetized, then in any such event, this Agreement and the Security Interests granted hereunder shall be reinstated), irrespective of, and neither this Agreement nor the Guaranty shall be terminated by, the existence of any law, regulation or order now or hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction affecting the terms of any Loan Document or the Loan or the rights or obligations of Borrower thereunder or with respect thereto. The liability of Guarantor under this Agreement and the Guaranty hereunder shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable irrespective of:

(i) any lack of validity or enforceability of Borrower’s obligations under or with respect to the Loan, any Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto,

(ii) any change, whether or not agreed or consented to by Guarantor, in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Loan or of any Loan Document or any other amendment, renewal, extension, acceleration, compromise or waiver of or any consent or departure from the terms or provisions of the Loan or any Loan Document or any indulgence granted to Borrower,

(iii) the lack of power or authority of Borrower to execute and deliver any Loan Document; any defense, set-off or counterclaim which may at any time be available to or asserted by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) against Kreos with respect to Borrower’s or Guarantor’s (as the case may be) obligations under the Loan or any Loan Document or the Guaranty Documents; the existence or continuance of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) as a legal entity; the consolidation or merger of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) with or into any other corporation, or the sale, lease or other disposition by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) of all or

 

2


substantially all of its assets to any other business entity, whether or not effected in compliance with the provisions of any Loan Document; or the bankruptcy or insolvency of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be), the admission in writing by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) of its inability to pay its debts as they mature, or its making of a general assignment for the benefit of, or entering into a composition or arrangement with, creditors,

(iv) any act, failure to act, delay or omission whatsoever on the part of Kreos, including any failure to demand, delay in demanding or rescission of a demand for any payment under any Loan Document, the guaranties of the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guaranty which may at any time be in effect with respect to the obligations of Borrower guaranteed hereunder, any failure to give to Borrower, Guarantor or the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor under any such other guaranty notice of default in the making of any payment due and payable under any Loan Document or notice of any failure on the part of Borrower to do any act or thing or to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement by it to be observed or performed under any Loan Document; or any action taken by Kreos in the exercise or release of any right or power conferred by any Loan Document or any such other guaranty at any time entered into, or the partial exercise or partial release of any such right or power by Kreos, or the failure, delay or omission by Kreos to exercise any such right or power,

(v) any invalidation of any such other guaranty or its repudiation by the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder, whether or not under color of right, or any act, failure to act, delay or omission whatsoever on the part of Kreos with respect to any such other guaranty or the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder, including any termination of such other guaranty, any amendment, compromise or waiver of or any consent or departure from the terms or provisions of such other guaranty or any release of the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder from liability thereunder,

(vi) any release, discharge, modification, compromise, surrender, or exchange of any property at any time pledged or mortgaged or in which a security interest at any time has been granted as collateral for repayment of the Loan or any other obligations of Borrower guaranteed hereunder, or any amendment or termination of or consent or waiver under any agreement or instrument now or hereafter providing for granting, pledging, mortgaging or conveying collateral for the Loan or any such other obligations,

(vii) accepting or entering into new or additional agreements, security documents, guarantees or other instruments in addition to, in exchange for or relative to any Loan Document, Guaranty Document, all or any part of the Guarantor’s Obligations, or any collateral now or in the future serving as security for the Guarantor’s Obligations, and in connection therewith accepting, receiving and holding any additional collateral for all or any part of the Guarantor’s Obligations (including from the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor);

 

3


(viii) any legal action by Kreos against Borrower with respect to its obligations under any Loan Document or the foreclosing of or other realization upon any security interest in or lien on any collateral now or hereafter securing Borrower’s obligations, and

(ix) any other event or circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of Borrower in respect of its obligations under any Loan Document, the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any such other guarantor in respect of its obligations under its guaranty or Guarantor in respect of its obligations under this Agreement;

it being the purpose and intent of this Agreement that the obligations of Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable and shall not be discharged or terminated except by full and complete payment and performance in accordance with their terms of all of the obligations which Borrower has under each Loan Document.

(b) Guarantor does hereby waive and relinquish, so far as it may lawfully and effectively do so, (i) the benefit and advantage of any and all valuation, stay, appraisement, extension or redemption law or laws now in effect or hereafter enacted, (ii) promptness, diligence, notice of acceptance of the Guaranty by Kreos, and notice of default, dishonor, presentment, demand, non-payment, non-performance or any other notice to or upon Borrower or Guarantor, and (iii) any right to assert against Kreos, as a defense, counterclaim, set-off or cross-claim, any defense (legal or equitable), setoff, counterclaim or claim which Guarantor may now or hereafter have against Borrower.

3. Primary Liability of Guarantor. Guarantor agrees that this Agreement may be enforced by Kreos without the necessity at any time of resorting to or exhausting any other security or collateral and without the necessity at any time of having recourse to Borrower under any Loan Document or recourse to any other person or entity (including the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor) liable in respect of any of the obligations guaranteed hereunder.

4. No Subrogation. Notwithstanding any payment or payments made by or expenses incurred by Guarantor pursuant to this Agreement, Guarantor shall not claim or assert and waives any subrogation right, in whole or in part, to the rights of Kreos against Borrower under any Loan Document until Kreos shall have been indefeasibly paid in full all such amounts for which Borrower is or shall become indebted under any Loan Document. Guarantor hereby agrees that, as between Guarantor on the one hand and Kreos on the other hand, the obligations of Borrower which are covered by the Guaranty may be declared to be forthwith due and payable as provided in any Loan Document notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such declaration as against Borrower and that, in the event of any such declaration, such obligations (whether or not then due and payable by Borrower) shall forthwith become due and payable by Guarantor for purposes of this Agreement.

 

4


5. Security Interests .

(a) In order to secure the due and punctual payment and performance of all of Guarantor’s Obligations, and the due and punctual payment and performance of all obligations, indebtedness and liabilities of Guarantor to Kreos and under the Guaranty Documents, in each case whether now existing or hereafter incurred, in each case including all such indebtedness to Kreos incurred by Guarantor prior to, during or following any proceeding in respect of a bankruptcy, reorganization or insolvency (a “ Reorganization ”) of Guarantor and all interest on such indebtedness according to the terms thereof, regardless of the extent allowed as a claim against Guarantor in any Reorganization (all of the foregoing indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of Guarantor described in this Section 5(a), whether now existing or hereinafter arising, being herein referred to collectively as the “ Guarantor’s Obligations ”), Guarantor hereby grants to Kreos, its successors and assigns, a continuing security interest in and to, , the following described now owned or hereafter acquired personal property of Guarantor (hereinafter collectively called the “ Collateral ”):

 

  (a) all of Guarantor’s right, title and interest in and to the Borrower and to any successor business entities, and the right to receive all payments and distributions due or to become due under all related partnership agreements, operating agreements, and other constituent documents governing or establishing such business entities (collectively, the “ Constituent Documents ”), bank deposits, deposit accounts, checking accounts, certificates of deposit and cash, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by Guarantor, or in which Guarantor may now have or hereafter acquire an interest;

 

  (b) all accessions, additions or improvements to, and all proceeds and products of the foregoing, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by Guarantor, or in which Guarantor may now have or hereafter acquire an interest.

6. Delivery of Pledged Investment Property .

(a) All of Guarantor’s right, title and interests in the Borrower, and to any successor business entities (collectively, the “ Pledged Investment Property ”) shall be promptly delivered to Kreos by Guarantor following Guarantor’s registration as the holder of legal title to the Borrower, and shall, if certificated, be in suitable form for transfer by delivery, and shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignments in blank, with signatures appropriately guaranteed, and accompanied in each case by any required transfer tax stamps, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos (other than UK stamp duties required to be paid in order that the transferee is able to be lawfully registered as the holder of legal title to the Pledged Investment Property). If the Pledged Investment Property is not certificated, Guarantor shall cause the issuer to register Kreos as the registered collateral assignee thereof and enter into a control agreement with Kreos in such form as Kreos shall reasonably require.

 

5


7. Filing; Further Assurances .

(a) Guarantor will, at its expense, execute, deliver, file and record (in such manner and form as Kreos may reasonably require), or permit Kreos to file and record, any financing statements, any carbon, photographic or other reproduction of a financing statement or this Agreement (which the parties agree shall be sufficient as a financing statement hereunder), any specific assignments or any other paper that may be reasonably necessary or desirable, or that Kreos may reasonably request, in order to create, confirm, preserve, perfect or validate any Security Interest or to enable Kreos to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder or under applicable law with respect to any of the Collateral. Guarantor hereby authorizes Kreos to prepare and file such financing statements and/or other instruments or recordings as Kreos may at any time reasonably request or require with respect to the Collateral and the Security Interests, including such financing statements as indicate or describe the Collateral, as defined herein, and Guarantor hereby ratifies all such financing statements filed by Kreos prior to the date hereof.

8. Representations and Warranties of Guarantor . Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties made by Guarantor (then Biodel Inc.) in that certain Share Exchange Agreement made and entered into as of May [●], 2016, by and among Guarantor, Borrower and the persons listed on Schedule thereto, Guarantor hereby represents and warrants to Kreos as follows:

(a) Except for “Permitted Liens” (as that term is defined in Exhibit A), Guarantor is, or to the extent that certain of the Collateral is to be acquired after the date of this Agreement, will be, the owner of the Collateral free from any adverse lien, security interest or other encumbrance.

(b) Except for such financing statements as may be described in Exhibit A, no financing statement or other lien filing covering the Collateral is on file in any public office, other than the financing statements filed pursuant to this Agreement.

(c) Guarantor is the sole beneficial owner, and is to be, subject to stamping and registration, the sole legal owner, of the Pledged Investment Property as set forth in the Constituent Documents, and Guarantor has not sold, assigned, transferred, mortgaged, encumbered or pledged any part thereof.

(d) Except as specifically set forth in the Constituent Documents, none of Guarantor’s Pledged Investment Property is subject to any restriction which would prohibit or restrict the security interest, pledge and assignment hereunder or the exercise of Kreos’s remedies hereunder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Constituent Documents, Guarantor hereby waives compliance with all such restrictions or prohibitions set forth in the Constituent Documents in order to permit the collateral assignment, security interest and pledge hereunder and the exercise by Kreos of all of its rights and remedies hereunder.

(e) The execution and delivery of, and performance by Guarantor of its obligations under, this Agreement will not violate in any material respect any applicable provision of law, any order, judgment or decree of any court or other agency of government, the Constituent Documents or any material indenture, agreement or other instrument to which Guarantor is a party, or by which Guarantor or any of its assets is bound, or be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of Guarantor pursuant to, any such indenture, agreement or instrument.

 

6


(f) There are no restrictions upon the voting rights or the transfer of all or any of the Pledged Investment Property existing on the date hereof (other than may appear on the face of the certificate thereof or as may be imposed by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), or any laws, rules or regulations of state or local authorities) and Guarantor has the right to vote, pledge, or grant a security interest in and otherwise transfer the Pledged Investment Property free of any encumbrances (other than applicable restrictions imposed by Federal or state securities and antitrust laws or regulations).

(g) Guarantor (i) is a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Delaware and is duly qualified to transact business in each jurisdiction where the nature of its activities requires such qualification (except where failure to so qualify would not have a material adverse effect on Guarantor’s business or operations), (ii) has the corporate power and corporate authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, (iii) has the corporate power and corporate authority to execute and deliver, and perform its obligations under, the Guaranty Documents to which it is a party or signatory, and (iv) except for the Borrower, has no direct subsidiaries as of the date hereof.

(h) The execution and delivery of, and performance by Guarantor of its obligations under, this Agreement and the other Guaranty Documents have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate action and will not violate any provision of law, any order, judgment or decree of any court or other agency of government, the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of Guarantor or any material indenture, agreement or other instrument to which Guarantor is a party, or by which Guarantor is bound, or be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of Guarantor pursuant to, any such indenture, agreement or instrument. This Guaranty constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Guarantor enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer and similar laws regarding creditors’ rights and equitable principles.

(i) Guarantor is not required to obtain any consent, approval or authorization from, or to file any declaration or statement with, any governmental instrumentality or other agency, or any other person, in connection with or as a condition to the execution, delivery or performance of this Guaranty or the other transactions contemplated by the Guaranty Documents.

(j) There is no action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity or by or before any governmental instrumentality or other agency, including any arbitration board or tribunal, now pending or, to the knowledge of Guarantor, threatened, (i) which questions the validity of this Guaranty, or any action taken or to be taken pursuant hereto or thereto, or (ii) against or affecting Guarantor which, if adversely determined, either in any case or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations, properties, assets or financial condition, of Guarantor and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

 

7


(k) Guarantor is not now insolvent (as defined under any applicable federal or state law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or fraudulent conveyance or transfer) and Guarantor’s obligations under this Guaranty do not render Guarantor insolvent; Guarantor is not contemplating either the filing of a petition by Guarantor under any state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency laws or the liquidating of all or a major portion of Guarantor’s property; and Guarantor has no knowledge of any person contemplating the filing of any such petition against Guarantor.

9. Covenants of Guarantor . Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:

(a) Guarantor will use commercially reasonable efforts to defend the Collateral against all claims and demands of all persons at any time claiming any interest therein, and will keep the Collateral free from any adverse lien, security interest or encumbrance, except for Permitted Liens.

(b) Guarantor will provide Kreos, at least thirty (30) business days prior to occurrence, with written notice of (i) any change in the chief executive office of Guarantor, or (ii) the movement or location of any material Collateral to or at any address other than as set forth in Exhibit B.

(c) Guarantor will promptly pay any and all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges upon the Collateral prior to the date penalties are attached thereto, except to the extent that such taxes, assessments and charges shall be contested in good faith by Guarantor and reserves in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as in effect from time to time (“ GAAP ”) have been set aside therefor.

(d) Guarantor will promptly notify Kreos of any event (which shall not include a change in general economic conditions) causing a substantial loss or diminution in the value of all or any material part of the Collateral and the amount or an estimate of the amount of such loss or diminution.

(e) Guarantor will have and maintain at all times with respect to the Collateral such insurance coverage as a prudent business person would maintain under similar circumstances.

(f) Guarantor will not sell or offer to sell or otherwise assign, transfer or dispose of the Collateral or any interest therein, without the prior written consent of Kreos; provided, however, that Guarantor may grant liens under clauses (c) and (d) of the definition of Permitted Liens. For the avoidance of doubt, Guarantor may sell its inventory, if any, and other assets including payments of cash in the ordinary course of its business and may sell other assets outside the ordinary course of business not consisting of Collateral

(g) Guarantor will not knowingly use the Collateral in violation of any statute or ordinance.

(h) Guarantor will not change its name, jurisdiction of organization, identity or structure, without thirty (30) days prior written notice to Kreos and the delivery to Kreos by Guarantor of all documents and instruments necessary for Kreos to continue its perfected security interest in the Collateral, the form and substance of which documents and instruments shall be acceptable to Kreos in Kreos’s reasonable discretion.

 

8


(i) Guarantor will perform and observe, or cause to be performed and observed, all of Guarantor’s obligations under the Constituent Documents, and will not, without the prior written consent of Kreos, amend or modify the Constituent Documents in any material adverse way to Kreos.

(j) Guarantor will keep its records concerning the Collateral, at Guarantor’s executive office as shown on Exhibit B, or at such other place or places of business as Kreos may approve in writing, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Guarantor will hold and preserve such records and chattel paper and will permit representatives of Kreos at any time during normal business hours following reasonable notice to examine and inspect the Collateral and to make abstracts from such records and chattel paper, and will furnish to Kreos such information and reports regarding the Collateral and the Account Debtors as Kreos may from time to time reasonably request, provided that Kreos, in conducting any such inspection, shall not unreasonably interfere with the operation of Guarantor’s business.

(k) Guarantor shall at any time and from time to time, whether or not Article 9 is in effect in any particular jurisdiction, take such steps as Kreos may reasonably request for Kreos (i) to obtain an acknowledgement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos, of any bailee having possession of any of the Collateral that the bailee holds such Collateral for Kreos, (ii) to obtain “control” of any investment property(as such term is defined in Article 9) with any agreements establishing control to be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos, and (iii) otherwise to insure the continued perfection and priority of the Security Interests in any of the Collateral and of the preservation of Kreos’s rights therein.

(l) Guarantor shall be in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations applicable to it.

10. Deposit Accounts

(a) With respect to each deposit account (“ Collection Account ”) now maintained by Guarantor at any bank (“ Depository Bank ”), Guarantor shall use its reasonable best efforts to deliver to Kreos a Control Agreement (each a “ Control Agreement ”) in substantially the form of Exhibit C or in such other form as may be reasonably acceptable to Kreos, Guarantor, such Depository Bank and Kreos in respect of such Control Agreement, duly executed and delivered by the appropriate parties thereto, authorizing and directing such Depository Bank, upon receipt of written notice from Kreos, to comply solely with instructions originated by Kreos and to take such further action as Kreos may reasonably deem desirable to effect the transfer of exclusive ownership and disposition of the funds in all Collection Accounts, without further consent by or notice to Guarantor. Kreos agrees that it will not deliver any such written notice to the Depository Bank unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing. Until all of Guarantor’s Obligations (other than indemnification and other contingent obligations which, by their terms, are intended to survive termination of this Agreement) have been indefeasibly paid in full, Guarantor agrees not to enter into any agreement or execute and deliver any direction which would modify, impair or adversely affect the rights and benefits of Kreos under any

 

9


Control Agreement. Guarantor shall not open, establish or maintain any Collection Account without first having notified Kreos thereof and, without first having delivered to Kreos a duly executed Control Agreement with respect to such Collection Account. Guarantor shall notify Kreos in writing not less than five (5) days prior to the date it shall open or establish any Collection Account.

11. Record Ownership of Pledged Investment Property . Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, Kreos may upon written notice to Guarantor cause any or all of the Pledged Investment Property to be transferred of record into Kreos’s name. Guarantor will promptly give to Kreos copies of any notices or other communications received by Guarantor with respect to Pledged Investment Property registered in the name of Guarantor and Kreos will promptly give to Guarantor copies of any notices and communications received by Kreos with respect to Pledged Investment Property registered in the name of Kreos.

12. Right to Receive Distributions on Pledged Investment Property . Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Guarantor shall be entitled, from time to time, to collect and receive for its own use all dividends, interest and other payments and distributions made upon or with respect to the Pledged Investment Property, except:

(i) stock dividends,

(ii) dividends payable in securities or other property,

(iii) dividends or distributions on dissolution, or on partial or total liquidation, or in connection with a reduction of capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, and

(iv) other securities issued with respect to or in lieu of, or upon conversion of, the Pledged Investment Property (whether upon conversion of the convertible securities included therein or through stock split, spin-off, split-off, reclassification, merger, consolidation, sale of assets, combination of shares or otherwise).

From time to time upon receiving a written request from Guarantor accompanied by a certificate signed by the President or Chief Financial Officer on behalf of Guarantor stating that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Kreos shall deliver to Guarantor suitable assignments and orders for the payment to Guarantor or upon its order of all dividends and securities listed in (i) through (iv) above to which Guarantor is entitled as aforesaid, upon or with respect to any Pledged Investment Property which are registered in Kreos’s name.

13. Right to Vote Pledged Investment Property .

(a) Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Guarantor shall have the right, from time to time, to vote and to give consents, ratifications and waivers with respect to the Pledged Investment Property and to exercise conversion rights with respect to the convertible securities included therein.

 

10


(b) If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Kreos shall have the right to the extent permitted by law, and Guarantor shall take all such action as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate to give effect to such right, to vote and to give consents, ratifications and waivers and take any other action with respect to all the Pledged Investment Property with the same force and effect as if Kreos were the absolute and sole owner thereof.

14. General Authority . Guarantor hereby irrevocably appoints Kreos as Guarantor’s true and lawful attorney, with full power of substitution, in the name of Guarantor, Kreos or otherwise, for the sole use and benefit of Kreos, but at Guarantor’s expense, to the extent permitted by law to exercise, at any time and from time to time after any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (or otherwise to the extent Kreos reasonably determines in its discretion that the exercise of such powers is necessary to protect Kreos’s interests in such Collateral or its rights hereunder), all or any of the following powers with respect to all or any of the Collateral (which power shall be in addition and supplemental to any powers, rights and remedies of Kreos described herein or otherwise available to Kreos under applicable law):

(i) to demand, sue for, collect, receive and give acquaintance for any and all moneys due or to become due upon or by virtue thereof,

(ii) to receive, take, endorse, assign and deliver any and all checks, notes, drafts, documents and other negotiable and non-negotiable instruments and chattel paper taken or received by Kreos in connection therewith,

(iii) to settle, compromise, compound, prosecute or defend any action or proceeding with respect thereto,

(iv) to sell, transfer, assign or otherwise deal in or with the same or the proceeds or avails thereof or any related goods securing the Customer Receivables, as fully and effectually as if Kreos were the absolute owner thereof,

(v) to extend the time of payment of any or all thereof and to make any allowance and other adjustments with reference thereto,

(vi) to discharge any taxes, liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time placed thereon,

(vii) to enforce, cancel or modify the Constituent Documents, but only to the extent that Kreos in its sole discretion deems necessary or advisable to protect or enforce its rights and remedies hereunder,

(viii) to redirect delivery of Guarantor’s mail to Kreos,

(ix) to demand, collect, sue for, recover, receive, compromise and adjust, and make, execute and deliver receipts and releases for all amounts that may be or may thereafter become due, owing or payable with respect to the Pledged Investment Property, and

(x) to the extent permitted by law, including without limitation, state and local rules, regulations and policies and Federal and state securities laws, to execute any document or form, in the name of Guarantor, which may be necessary or desirable in connection with any sale of the Pledged Investment Property by Kreos, including without limitation Form 144 (or any successor form) promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission; provided that Kreos shall give Guarantor not less than ten (10) days’ prior written notice of the time and place of any sale or other intended disposition of any of the Collateral.

Such appointment as attorney is irrevocable while this Agreement is in effect and coupled with an interest.

 

11


15. Events of Default . Guarantor shall be in default under this Agreement upon the occurrence of any one or more of the following events (each such event is herein being referred to as an “ Event of Default ”):

(a) default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any of its monetary Obligations under this Agreement,

(b) default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any covenant or agreement contained in Section 9(b), 9(c), 9(e), 9(f), 9(g), 9(h), 9(i), 9(j) or 9(k), or default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in any of the Guaranty Documents (other than those covered by Section 15(a)) and continuation thereof for a period of ten (10) business days after the date Kreos gives Guarantor written notice thereof,

(c) breach by Guarantor of any representation or warranty herein contained or any such representation or warranty shall prove to be false or misleading in any material respect when made or deemed to be made,

(d) the filing of a petition by or against Guarantor for relief under any Chapter of the United States Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as amended (which petition if filed by a third party against Guarantor is not dismissed within thirty (30) days of filing), or any other act of insolvency by Guarantor, or

(e) the occurrence of any “Event of Default” as defined in the Loan Agreement or under the provisions of any other Loan Document.

16. Remedies Upon Event of Default . If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Kreos may take any of the following actions:

(a) Kreos may exercise all the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC (whether or not the UCC is in effect in the jurisdiction where such rights and remedies are exercised) and, in addition, Kreos may, without being required to give any notice, except as herein provided or as may be required by mandatory provisions of law, including provisions that require a secured party to act in a commercially reasonable manner, (i) apply the cash, if any, then held by it as Collateral hereunder, for the purposes and in the manner specified in Section 18, and (ii) if there shall be no such cash or if such cash shall be insufficient to pay all the Obligations in full, sell the Collateral, or any part or component thereof, at one or more public or private sales for cash, upon credit or for future delivery, and at such price or prices as Kreos may reasonably deem satisfactory.

 

12


(b) Kreos may require Guarantor to assemble all or any part of the Collateral and make it available to Kreos at a place to be designated by Kreos which is reasonably convenient. Any holder of an Obligation may be the purchaser of any or all of the Collateral so sold at any public sale (and, if the Collateral is of a type customarily sold in a recognized market or is of a type which is the subject of widely distributed standard price quotations, at any private sale) and thereafter hold the same absolutely, free from any right or claim of whatsoever kind. Upon any such sale, Kreos shall have the right to deliver, assign and transfer to the purchaser thereof the Collateral so sold. Each purchaser at any such sale shall hold the Collateral so sold absolutely, free from any claim or right of whatsoever kind, including any equity or right of redemption of Guarantor.

(c) Unless the Collateral to be sold is perishable or threatens to decline speedily in value or is of a type customarily sold on a recognized market, Kreos shall give Guarantor at least ten (10) business days’ prior written notice of its intention to make any such public or private sale. Guarantor agrees that such notice constitutes “reasonable notification” within the meaning of the UCC. Such notice in the case of a public sale shall state the time and place fixed for such sale. Such notice in the case of a private sale or disposition shall state the time after which any private sale or other intended disposition is to be made.

(d) Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at public or private place or places as Kreos may fix in the notice of such sale. At any public or private sale, the Collateral may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as Kreos may reasonably determine. Kreos shall not be obligated to make such sale pursuant to any such notice. Kreos may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and placed fixed for the sale, and such sale may be made at any time or place to which the same may be adjourned. In case of any sale of all or any part of the Collateral on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by Kreos until the selling price is paid by the purchaser thereof, but Kreos shall not incur any liability in case of the failure of such purchaser to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may again be sold upon like notice.

(e) Kreos, instead of exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose the Security Interests and sell the Collateral, or any portion thereof, under a judgment or decree of a court or courts of competent jurisdiction.

(f) To enforce the provisions of this Agreement, Kreos is empowered to request the appointment of a receiver from any court of competent jurisdiction. The receiver shall have the power to dispose of the Collateral in any manner lawful in the jurisdiction in which his appointment is confirmed, including the power to conduct a public or private sale of the Collateral. Kreos may bid at any such public or private sale.

 

13


(g) GUARANTOR ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE APPOINTMENT OF A RECEIVER IS INTEGRAL TO KREOS’S REALIZATION OF THE VALUE OF THE COLLATERAL, THAT THERE IS NO ADEQUATE REMEDY AT LAW FOR FAILURE BY GUARANTOR TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION AND THAT SUCH FAILURE WOULD NOT BE ADEQUATELY COMPENSABLE IN DAMAGES, AND THEREFORE AGREES THAT THE AGREEMENTS CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION MAY BE SPECIFICALLY ENFORCED.

(h) All rights and remedies contained herein shall be separate and cumulative and in addition to all other rights and remedies available to a secured party under applicable law, and the exercise of one shall not in any way limit or prejudice the exercise of any other such rights or remedies.

(i) If at any time when Kreos shall determine to exercise its right to sell all or any part of the Pledged Investment Property pursuant to subsection (a)(ii) of this Section 16, Guarantor recognizes that Kreos may be unable to effect a public sale of the Pledged Investment Property by the reason of certain prohibitions contained in the Securities Act, or other applicable state or federal laws, and Kreos may therefore resort to one or more private arm’s-length sales thereof to a restricted group of purchasers. Guarantor agrees that any such private sales may be at prices and on other terms less favorable to the seller than if sold at public sales and that such private arm’s-length sales shall not by reason thereof be deemed not to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner. Kreos shall sell all or any part of the Pledged Investment Property at a price which it deems commercially reasonable under the circumstances. Kreos shall be under no obligation to delay a sale of any of the Pledged Investment Property for the period of time necessary to permit the issuer of such securities to register such securities for public sale under the Securities Act, or such other applicable laws, even if the issuer would agree to do so. Subject to the foregoing, Kreos agrees that any sale of the Pledged Investment Property shall be made in a commercially reasonable manner, and Guarantor agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the issuer or issuers of the Pledged Investment Property contemplated to be sold, to execute and deliver, all at Guarantor’s expense, all such instruments and documents, and to do or cause to be done all such other acts and things as may be necessary or, advisable to exempt the Pledged Investment Property from registration under the provisions of the Securities Act, and to make all amendments to such instruments and documents which, in the opinion of Kreos, are necessary or advisable, all in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission applicable thereto, and other applicable law.

(j) The receipt by Kreos of the purchase money paid at any such sale made by it shall be a sufficient discharge therefor to any purchaser (other than Kreos) of the Collateral, or any portion thereof, sold as aforesaid; and no such purchaser (or his or its representatives or assigns) (other than Kreos), after paying such purchase money and receiving such receipt, shall be bound to see to the application of such purchase money or any part thereof or in any manner whatsoever be answerable for any loss, misapplication or nonapplication of any such purchase money, or any part thereof, or be bound to inquire as to the authorization, necessity, expediency or regularity of any such sale.

 

14


17. Application of Collateral and Proceeds . The proceeds of any sale of, or other realization upon, all or any part of the Collateral shall be applied in the following order of priorities:

(a) first, to pay the reasonable expenses of such sale or other realization and all reasonable expenses, liabilities and advances incurred or made by Kreos in connection therewith, and any other unreimbursed expenses for which Kreos is to be reimbursed pursuant to Section 18,

(b) second, to the payment of all amounts due under the Loan,

(c) third, to the payment of the remaining Obligations of Guarantor in such order and manner as Kreos in its sole discretion, shall determine, and

(d) finally, unless applicable law otherwise provides, to pay to Guarantor, or its successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct, any surplus then remaining from such proceeds.

18. Expenses; Kreos’ Lien . Guarantor will forthwith upon demand pay to Kreos:

(a) the amount of any taxes which Kreos may at any time be required to pay by reason of the Security Interests (including any applicable transfer taxes) or to free any of the Collateral from any lien thereon arising by reason of such taxes, and

(b) the amount of any and all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of its counsel and of any person or entity not regularly in its employ, which Kreos may reasonably incur in connection with (i) the preparation, administration and enforcement of this Agreement, (ii) the collection, sale or other disposition of any of the Collateral, (iii) the exercise by Kreos of any of the powers, rights or remedies conferred upon it or them hereunder, or (iv) any default on Guarantor’s part hereunder.

19. Indemnification . In any suit, proceeding or action brought by Kreos relating to any Collateral for any sum owing with respect thereto or to enforce any rights or claims with respect thereto, Guarantor will save, indemnify and keep Kreos harmless from and against all expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses), loss or damage suffered by reason of any defense, setoff, counterclaim, recoupment or reduction of liability whatsoever of the Account Debtor or other person or entity obligated on the Collateral, arising out of a breach by any obligor of any obligation thereunder or arising out of any other agreement, indebtedness or liability at any time owing to, or in favor of, such obligor or its successors from Guarantor, except in the case of Kreos to the extent such expense, loss or damage is attributable to the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Kreos as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. All such obligations of Guarantor shall be and remain enforceable against, and only against, Guarantor and shall not be enforceable against Kreos.

20. Waivers; Non-Exclusive Remedies; Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process . No failure on the part of Kreos to exercise, and no delay in exercising, and no course of dealing with respect to, any right, power or remedy under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by Kreos of any right, power or remedy

 

15


under this Agreement preclude any other right, power or remedy. The remedies in this Agreement are cumulative and are not exclusive of any other remedies provided by law. ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS SHALL BE TRIED AND LITIGATED ONLY IN THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, STATE OF NEW YORK, OR, AT KREOS’S SOLE OPTION, IN SUCH OTHER COURT IN WHICH KREOS SHALL INITIATE LEGAL OR EQUITABLE PROCEEDINGS AND WHICH HAS SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION OVER THE MATTER IN CONTROVERSY. GUARANTOR, TO THE EXTENT THAT IT MAY LAWFULLY DO SO, HEREBY CONSENTS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ALL SUCH COURTS, AS WELL AS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ALL COURTS TO WHICH AN APPEAL MAY BE TAKEN FROM SUCH COURTS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR OTHER PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF ANY OF GUARANTOR’S OBLIGATIONS ARISING HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS OR WITH RESPECT TO THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL OBJECTIONS IT MAY HAVE AS TO VENUE, INCLUDING THE INCONVENIENCE OF SUCH FORUM, IN ANY OF SUCH COURTS. TO THE EXTENT THAT GUARANTOR HAS OR HEREAFTER MAY ACQUIRE ANY IMMUNITY FROM JURISDICTION OF ANY COURT OR FROM ANY LEGAL PROCESS (WHETHER THROUGH SERVICE OR NOTICE, ATTACHMENT PRIOR TO JUDGMENT, ATTACHMENT IN AID OF EXECUTION OR OTHERWISE) WITH RESPECT TO ITSELF OR ITS PROPERTY, GUARANTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES SUCH IMMUNITY IN RESPECT OF GUARANTOR’S OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW .

21. Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH PARTY HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT ON OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS OR ANY OTHER AGREEMENTS EXECUTED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH. NEITHER OF THE PARTIES, NOR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE SUCCESSORS OR ASSIGNS, SHALL SEEK A JURY TRIAL IN ANY LAWSUIT, PROCEEDING, COUNTERCLAIM, OR ANY OTHER LITIGATION OR PROCEDURE BASED UPON, OR ARISING OUT OF, THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS ENTERED INTO IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THEREWITH OR THE DEALINGS OR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTIES, OR EITHER OF THEM. NO PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION, IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL HAS BEEN WAIVED, WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 22 HAVE BEEN FULLY DISCUSSED BY THE PARTIES, AND THESE PROVISIONS SHALL BE SUBJECT TO NO EXCEPTIONS. NEITHER PARTY HAS IN ANY WAY AGREED WITH OR REPRESENTED TO THE OTHER PARTY THAT THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 22 WILL NOT BE FULLY ENFORCED IN ALL INSTANCES.

 

16


22. Changes in Writing . Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally but only by a statement in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, waiver, discharge or termination is sought.

23. New York Law; Meaning of Terms . THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED IN SAID STATE , except (a) to the extent that remedies provided by the laws of any state other than New York are governed by the laws of said state, and (b) to the extent that Article 9 (including Sections 9-406 and 9-408) in effect in the state in which an Account Debtor is physically located shall govern all issues relating to the applicability, effectiveness, interpretation and enforceability of any restrictions on assignment of, or the granting of security interests with respect to, accounts and general intangibles, applicable to such Account Debtor’s accounts and general intangibles, whether pursuant to the agreements between the Account Debtor and Guarantor relating thereto or statutes, rules and regulations applicable to such Account Debtor’s accounts and general intangibles. Unless otherwise defined herein, or unless the context otherwise requires, all terms used herein which are defined in the UCC, as amended from time to time, have the meanings therein stated.

24. Waiver of Marshaling . Guarantor and Kreos waive any right to require the marshaling of any Collateral and acknowledge and agree that in exercising any rights under or with respect to the Collateral, (i) Kreos is under no obligation to marshal any Collateral; (ii) Kreos may, in its absolute discretion, realize upon the Collateral in any order and in any manner it so elects; and (iii) Kreos may, subject to Section 18, apply the proceeds of the Collateral to Guarantor’s Obligations in any order and in any manner it so elects.

25. Separability . Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

26. Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns; provided that Guarantor may not assign its obligations hereunder or otherwise sell, transfer, encumber or otherwise dispose of the Collateral except as expressly permitted by the terms hereof.

27. Headings . The headings in this Agreement are for the purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning hereof.

28. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed by the parties in counterparts, with the same effect as if they had signed the same document. Any such counterpart may be executed and delivered by email, facsimile transmission or other electronically recorded copy (including a .pdf file), all with the same force and effect as if the same were a manually executed and delivered original counterpart. Each counterpart shall be deemed to be an original, and it shall not be necessary in making proof of the contents of this Agreement to produce or account for more than one counterpart. Neither party shall raise the use of electronic mail or a facsimile machine to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature was transmitted or communicated

 

17


through the use of electronic mail or a facsimile machine as a defense to the formation of a contract and each party forever waives any such defense. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one instrument, and the signature page from any counterpart may be attached to another counterpart to form a complete agreement.

29. Attorneys’ Fees and Costs of Collection . If at any time or times hereafter Kreos employs counsel to pursue collection, to intervene, to sue for enforcement of the terms of this Agreement or of any Loan Document, or to file a petition, complaint, answer, motion or other pleading in any suit or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any Loan Document, then in such event, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, all of the reasonable attorneys’ fees relating thereto shall be an additional liability of Guarantor to Kreos hereunder, payable on demand.

30. Reinstatement . This Agreement and the Guaranty shall continue to be effective, or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment, or any part thereof, of the obligations which are covered by the Guaranty is rescinded or must otherwise be restored or returned by Kreos upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower, any other guarantor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made.

31. Condition of Borrower, etc. Guarantor agrees that Kreos will have no obligation to investigate the financial condition or affairs of Borrower for the benefit of Guarantor or to advise Guarantor of any fact respecting, or any change in, the financial condition or affairs of Borrower which might come to the knowledge of Kreos at any time, whether or not Kreos knows or believes or has reason to know or believe that any such fact or change is unknown to Guarantor or might (or does) materially increase the risk of Guarantor as guarantor or might (or would) affect the willingness of Guarantor to continue as guarantor with respect to the obligations of Borrower.

32. Notices . Notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed or sent by telex, telecopy, graphic scanning or other telegraphic communications equipment of the sending party, as follows:

(a) if to Guarantor, to it at: 50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, MA 02109

(b) if to Kreos, to it at: 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN, United Kingdom

All notices and other communications given to either person hereto in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been given on the next business day if delivered by hand or overnight courier service or sent by telex, telecopy, graphic scanning or other telegraphic communications equipment of the sender, or on the date five (5) business days after dispatch by certified or registered mail if mailed, postage and fees prepaid, in each case delivered, sent or mailed (properly addressed) to such person as provided herein or at such other address or telex, telecopy or other number as shall have been designated by such person in a notice complying with the terms hereof; provided that if any attempted delivery of notice in accordance with the provisions of this Section 33 is refused or rejected, such notice shall be deemed received as of the date of the attempted delivery of such notice. For purposes of this Section 33, a “business day” is any weekday on which banks in London, England and Boston, Massachusetts are permitted or required to be open.

 

18


33. Rights Cumulative . All liabilities and obligations of Borrower to which this Agreement applies or may apply under the terms hereof shall be conclusively presumed to have been created in reliance hereon. No failure or delay on the part of Kreos in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder, and no course of dealing between Guarantor and Kreos, shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder on the part of Kreos preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights, powers and remedies herein expressly provided unto Kreos are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, powers or remedies which Kreos would otherwise have.

34. Copies of Loan Documents . Guarantor acknowledges that executed or conformed copies of the Loan Documents have been made available to its principal executive officers and such officers are familiar with the contents thereof.

35. Interpretation . Whenever from the context it appears appropriate, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa. The use of words “include” or “including” in this Agreement shall be by way of example rather than limitation and shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.” Reference to any agreement, document or instrument means such agreement, document or instrument as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, reference in this Agreement to an “Exhibit” or “Section” is to an Exhibit to or Section of this Agreement. When used in this Agreement, words such as “herein,” “hereinafter,” “hereof,” “hereto,” and “hereunder” shall refer to this Agreement as a whole, unless the context clearly requires otherwise. The use of the words “or,” “either” and “any” shall not be exclusive. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring either party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.

[balance of page intentionally left blank; signature page follows]

 

19


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed on their behalf as of the day and year first above written by one of their officers duly authorized thereunto.

 

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:
KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED
By:  

 

  Name:
  Title:

[Signature page to Guaranty and Security Agreement]

 

20


EXHIBIT A

LIENS ON COLLATERAL

“Permitted Liens” are:

(a) Liens for taxes, fees, assessments or other government charges or levies, either (i) not due and payable or (ii) being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings which proceedings have the effect of preventing the forfeiture or sale of the property subject thereto, and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its books;

(b) Liens of carriers, warehousemen, suppliers, or other persons that are possessory in nature arising in the ordinary course of business so long as such Liens attach only to Inventory, securing liabilities in the aggregate amount not to exceed Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) and which are not delinquent or remain payable without penalty or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings which proceedings have the effect of preventing the forfeiture or sale of the property subject thereto, and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its book;

(c) Liens to secure payment of workers’ compensation, employment insurance, old-age pensions, social security and other like obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business (other than Liens imposed by ERISA);

(d) Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens described in (a) through (c), but any extension, renewal or replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount of the indebtedness may not increase; and

(e) Liens in favor of Kreos or an affiliate thereof.

 

21


EXHIBIT B

LOCATIONS OF COLLATERAL

50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109 * [LIST ANY OTHER LOCATIONS WHERE COLLATERAL IS LOCATED]*

 

22


EXHIBIT C

FORM OF CONTROL AGREEMENT

To be obtained from Depository Bank(s) in which Guarantor maintains Collection Account(s)

 

23


EXECUTION PAGE

This agreement is executed as a deed and is delivered on the day and year first before written.

 

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on

behalf of KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED acting by a director in the

presence of:

   /s/ Luca Colciago   
Witness name:   

PASCALLE FIOLKA

  
Witness signature:   

/s/ Pascalle Fiolka

  
Witness address:   

[***]

  
Witness occupation:   

Administrator

  

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on

behalf of ALBIREO LIMITED acting by a director in the presence of:

   /s/ Ron Cooper   
Witness name:   

PETE ZORN

  
Witness signature:   

/s/ Pete Zorn

  
Witness address:   

[***]

  
Witness occupation:   

Biotech Counsel & Executive

  

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of ALBIREO AB acting by

JAN MATTSSON under its authority:

   /s/ Jan Mattsson   

EXECUTED as a DEED for and on behalf of ELOBIX AB acting by

JAN MATTSSON under its authority:

   /s/ Jan Mattsson   

 

24

Exhibit 10.2

GUARANTY AND SECURITY AGREEMENT

GUARANTY AND SECURITY AGREEMENT (“ Agreement ”), dated as of  November 4, 2016, by and between ALBIREO PHARMA, INC. (f/k/a Biodel, Inc.), a Delaware corporation (“ Guarantor ”) having a principal place of business at 50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, MA 02109, and KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (“ Kreos ”) whose registered office is at 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN, United Kingdom. Guarantor and Kreos are sometimes hereinafter referred to individually as a “ party ” and collectively as the “ parties .”

RECITALS:

Kreos and Albireo Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales (the “ Borrower ”), Albireo AB, a company incorporated in Sweden (“ Albireo Guarantor ”); and Elobix AB, a company incorporated in Sweden (“ Elobix Guarantor ”) have entered into that certain Amended and Restated Agreement for the Provision of a Loan Facility of up to €6,000,000 Dated 18 December 2014, as Amended by a Deed of Variation Dated 4 February 2016 and as Amended and Restated on the date hereof, pursuant to a Supplemental Agreement Dated 24 May 2016, Kreos, as lender, Borrower, as borrower, and Albireo Guarantor and Elobix Guarantor, as guarantors (such agreement, as heretofore, now and hereafter amended, modified or supplemented, is referred to herein together as the “ Loan Agreement ”). Borrower is to be, subject to stamping, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Guarantor, and Guarantor acknowledges that it and its operations will directly benefit from the loans and other financial accommodations being made by Kreos to Borrower pursuant to the Loan Agreement (collectively, the “ Loan ”). This Agreement is a “Security Document” for the purpose of the Loan Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of Kreos’ agreeing to amend and restate the Loan Agreement concurrently herewith, and in order to induce Kreos to continue to extend the Loan to Borrower, and for other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Guarantor hereby agrees as follows:

1. Unconditional Guaranty . Guarantor hereby unconditionally and irrevocably guaranties, as a primary obligor and not merely as a surety, without offset or deduction, (a) the full and punctual payment when due of all obligations and amounts payable by Borrower to Kreos, however arising, including those arising under the Loan Agreement and any security agreement, pledge agreement or other agreement entered into or delivered in connection with the Loan Agreement (together with the Loan Agreement, the “ Loan Documents ”), including all fees and expenses payable by Borrower thereunder and all expenses incurred by Kreos in enforcing any rights under the Loan Documents or this Agreement and (b) the full performance and observance of all of the covenants, conditions and agreements provided in the Loan Documents to be performed or observed by Borrower. In the case of a failure of Borrower punctually to make any payment of principal of, or interest, make-whole or premium in respect of the Loan or under or pursuant to the Loan Documents, Guarantor hereby agrees to cause such payment to be made punctually when and as the same shall become due and payable, whether at stated maturity, on a prepayment date, by declaration of acceleration, or otherwise, as if such payment were made by Borrower, it being the intention of Guarantor that the guaranty set forth herein (the “ Guaranty ”) shall be a guaranty of payment and not of collection. The obligations and agreements of Guarantor hereunder shall be performed and observed without requiring any notice of non-payment, non-performance or non-observance, or any proof thereof or demand therefor, all of which Guarantor hereby expressly waives. All of the indebtedness, obligations and liabilities described in this Section 1 are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Obligations .” This Agreement together with any security agreement, pledge agreement or other agreement securing this Agreement are hereinafter collectively referred to as the “ Guaranty Documents .”


2. Character of Obligations; Consents and Waivers by Guarantor .

(a) This Agreement and the Guaranty hereunder shall be binding upon Guarantor, its successors and assigns, and shall remain in full force and effect until the monetary Obligations of Borrower pursuant to the Loan Documents (other than contingent obligations of the Borrower under the Loan Agreement as to which no claim has then arisen) are fully and indefeasibly paid, performed and discharged in accordance with their terms and there are no outstanding commitments by Kreos to extend any financial accommodations to the Borrower (at which time this Agreement and the Security Interests (defined below) granted hereunder shall terminate and Kreos shall execute and deliver to the Guarantor, upon the Guarantor’s written request and at the Guarantor’s expense, such documents as shall be reasonably necessary to effectuate the termination of such Security Interests held by Kreos, it being agreed that should any contingent obligations of the Borrower subsequently arise and become monetized, then in any such event, this Agreement and the Security Interests granted hereunder shall be reinstated), irrespective of, and neither this Agreement nor the Guaranty shall be terminated by, the existence of any law, regulation or order now or hereafter in effect in any jurisdiction affecting the terms of any Loan Document or the Loan or the rights or obligations of Borrower thereunder or with respect thereto. The liability of Guarantor under this Agreement and the Guaranty hereunder shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable irrespective of:

(i) any lack of validity or enforceability of Borrower’s obligations under or with respect to the Loan, any Loan Document or any other agreement or instrument relating thereto,

(ii) any change, whether or not agreed or consented to by Guarantor, in the time, manner or place of payment of, or in any other term of, all or any of the Loan or of any Loan Document or any other amendment, renewal, extension, acceleration, compromise or waiver of or any consent or departure from the terms or provisions of the Loan or any Loan Document or any indulgence granted to Borrower,

(iii) the lack of power or authority of Borrower to execute and deliver any Loan Document; any defense, set-off or counterclaim which may at any time be available to or asserted by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) against Kreos with respect to Borrower’s or Guarantor’s (as the case may be) obligations under the Loan or any Loan Document or the Guaranty Documents; the existence or continuance of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) as a legal entity; the consolidation or merger of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) with or into any other corporation, or the sale, lease or other disposition by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) of all or

 

2


substantially all of its assets to any other business entity, whether or not effected in compliance with the provisions of any Loan Document; or the bankruptcy or insolvency of Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be), the admission in writing by Borrower or Guarantor (as the case may be) of its inability to pay its debts as they mature, or its making of a general assignment for the benefit of, or entering into a composition or arrangement with, creditors,

(iv) any act, failure to act, delay or omission whatsoever on the part of Kreos, including any failure to demand, delay in demanding or rescission of a demand for any payment under any Loan Document, the guaranties of the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guaranty which may at any time be in effect with respect to the obligations of Borrower guaranteed hereunder, any failure to give to Borrower, Guarantor or the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor under any such other guaranty notice of default in the making of any payment due and payable under any Loan Document or notice of any failure on the part of Borrower to do any act or thing or to observe or perform any covenant, condition or agreement by it to be observed or performed under any Loan Document; or any action taken by Kreos in the exercise or release of any right or power conferred by any Loan Document or any such other guaranty at any time entered into, or the partial exercise or partial release of any such right or power by Kreos, or the failure, delay or omission by Kreos to exercise any such right or power,

(v) any invalidation of any such other guaranty or its repudiation by the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder, whether or not under color of right, or any act, failure to act, delay or omission whatsoever on the part of Kreos with respect to any such other guaranty or the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder, including any termination of such other guaranty, any amendment, compromise or waiver of or any consent or departure from the terms or provisions of such other guaranty or any release of the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor thereunder from liability thereunder,

(vi) any release, discharge, modification, compromise, surrender, or exchange of any property at any time pledged or mortgaged or in which a security interest at any time has been granted as collateral for repayment of the Loan or any other obligations of Borrower guaranteed hereunder, or any amendment or termination of or consent or waiver under any agreement or instrument now or hereafter providing for granting, pledging, mortgaging or conveying collateral for the Loan or any such other obligations,

(vii) accepting or entering into new or additional agreements, security documents, guarantees or other instruments in addition to, in exchange for or relative to any Loan Document, Guaranty Document, all or any part of the Guarantor’s Obligations, or any collateral now or in the future serving as security for the Guarantor’s Obligations, and in connection therewith accepting, receiving and holding any additional collateral for all or any part of the Guarantor’s Obligations (including from the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor);

 

3


(viii) any legal action by Kreos against Borrower with respect to its obligations under any Loan Document or the foreclosing of or other realization upon any security interest in or lien on any collateral now or hereafter securing Borrower’s obligations, and

(ix) any other event or circumstance which might otherwise constitute a defense available to, or a discharge of Borrower in respect of its obligations under any Loan Document, the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any such other guarantor in respect of its obligations under its guaranty or Guarantor in respect of its obligations under this Agreement;

it being the purpose and intent of this Agreement that the obligations of Guarantor hereunder shall be absolute, unconditional and irrevocable and shall not be discharged or terminated except by full and complete payment and performance in accordance with their terms of all of the obligations which Borrower has under each Loan Document.

(b) Guarantor does hereby waive and relinquish, so far as it may lawfully and effectively do so, (i) the benefit and advantage of any and all valuation, stay, appraisement, extension or redemption law or laws now in effect or hereafter enacted, (ii) promptness, diligence, notice of acceptance of the Guaranty by Kreos, and notice of default, dishonor, presentment, demand, non-payment, non-performance or any other notice to or upon Borrower or Guarantor, and (iii) any right to assert against Kreos, as a defense, counterclaim, set-off or cross-claim, any defense (legal or equitable), setoff, counterclaim or claim which Guarantor may now or hereafter have against Borrower.

3. Primary Liability of Guarantor . Guarantor agrees that this Agreement may be enforced by Kreos without the necessity at any time of resorting to or exhausting any other security or collateral and without the necessity at any time of having recourse to Borrower under any Loan Document or recourse to any other person or entity (including the Albireo Guarantor, the Elobix Guarantor or any other guarantor) liable in respect of any of the obligations guaranteed hereunder.

4. No Subrogation . Notwithstanding any payment or payments made by or expenses incurred by Guarantor pursuant to this Agreement, Guarantor shall not claim or assert and waives any subrogation right, in whole or in part, to the rights of Kreos against Borrower under any Loan Document until Kreos shall have been indefeasibly paid in full all such amounts for which Borrower is or shall become indebted under any Loan Document. Guarantor hereby agrees that, as between Guarantor on the one hand and Kreos on the other hand, the obligations of Borrower which are covered by the Guaranty may be declared to be forthwith due and payable as provided in any Loan Document notwithstanding any stay, injunction or other prohibition preventing such declaration as against Borrower and that, in the event of any such declaration, such obligations (whether or not then due and payable by Borrower) shall forthwith become due and payable by Guarantor for purposes of this Agreement.

 

4


5. Security Interests .

(a) In order to secure the due and punctual payment and performance of all of Guarantor’s Obligations, and the due and punctual payment and performance of all obligations, indebtedness and liabilities of Guarantor to Kreos and under the Guaranty Documents, in each case whether now existing or hereafter incurred, in each case including all such indebtedness to Kreos incurred by Guarantor prior to, during or following any proceeding in respect of a bankruptcy, reorganization or insolvency (a “ Reorganization ”) of Guarantor and all interest on such indebtedness according to the terms thereof, regardless of the extent allowed as a claim against Guarantor in any Reorganization (all of the foregoing indebtedness, obligations and liabilities of Guarantor described in this Section 5(a), whether now existing or hereinafter arising, being herein referred to collectively as the “ Guarantor’s Obligations ”), Guarantor hereby grants to Kreos, its successors and assigns, a continuing security interest in and to, the following described now owned or hereafter acquired personal property of Guarantor (hereinafter collectively called the “ Collateral ”):

 

  (a) all of Guarantor’s right, title and interest in and to the Borrower and to any successor business entities, and the right to receive all payments and distributions due or to become due under all related partnership agreements, operating agreements, and other constituent documents governing or establishing such business entities (collectively, the “ Constituent Documents ”), bank deposits, deposit accounts, checking accounts, certificates of deposit and cash, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by Guarantor, or in which Guarantor may now have or hereafter acquire an interest;

 

  (b) all accessions, additions or improvements to, and all proceeds and products of the foregoing, whether now owned or hereafter acquired by Guarantor, or in which Guarantor may now have or hereafter acquire an interest.

6. Delivery of Pledged Investment Property .

(a) All of Guarantor’s right, title and interests in the Borrower, and to any successor business entities (collectively, the “ Pledged Investment Property ”) shall be promptly delivered to Kreos by Guarantor following Guarantor’s registration as the holder of legal title to the Borrower, and shall, if certificated, be in suitable form for transfer by delivery, and shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignments in blank, with signatures appropriately guaranteed, and accompanied in each case by any required transfer tax stamps, all in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos (other than UK stamp duties required to be paid in order that the transferee is able to be lawfully registered as the holder of legal title to the Pledged Investment Property). If the Pledged Investment Property is not certificated, Guarantor shall cause the issuer to register Kreos as the registered collateral assignee thereof and enter into a control agreement with Kreos in such form as Kreos shall reasonably require.

 

5


7. Filing; Further Assurances .

(a) Guarantor will, at its expense, execute, deliver, file and record (in such manner and form as Kreos may reasonably require), or permit Kreos to file and record, any financing statements, any carbon, photographic or other reproduction of a financing statement or this Agreement (which the parties agree shall be sufficient as a financing statement hereunder), any specific assignments or any other paper that may be reasonably necessary or desirable, or that Kreos may reasonably request, in order to create, confirm, preserve, perfect or validate any Security Interest or to enable Kreos to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder or under applicable law with respect to any of the Collateral. Guarantor hereby authorizes Kreos to prepare and file such financing statements and/or other instruments or recordings as Kreos may at any time reasonably request or require with respect to the Collateral and the Security Interests, including such financing statements as indicate or describe the Collateral, as defined herein, and Guarantor hereby ratifies all such financing statements filed by Kreos prior to the date hereof.

8. Representations and Warranties of Guarantor . Assuming the accuracy of the representations and warranties made by Guarantor (then Biodel Inc.) in that certain Share Exchange Agreement made and entered into as of May 24, 2016, (as amended and restated as of July 13, 2016) by and among Guarantor, Borrower and the persons listed on Schedule thereto, Guarantor hereby represents and warrants to Kreos as follows:

(a) Except for “Permitted Liens” (as that term is defined in Exhibit A) , Guarantor is, or to the extent that certain of the Collateral is to be acquired after the date of this Agreement, will be, the owner of the Collateral free from any adverse lien, security interest or other encumbrance.

(b) Except for such financing statements as may be described in Exhibit A , no financing statement or other lien filing covering the Collateral is on file in any public office, other than the financing statements filed pursuant to this Agreement.

(c) Guarantor is the sole beneficial owner, and is to be, subject to stamping and registration, the sole legal owner, of the Pledged Investment Property as set forth in the Constituent Documents, and Guarantor has not sold, assigned, transferred, mortgaged, encumbered or pledged any part thereof.

(d) Except as specifically set forth in the Constituent Documents, none of Guarantor’s Pledged Investment Property is subject to any restriction which would prohibit or restrict the security interest, pledge and assignment hereunder or the exercise of Kreos’s remedies hereunder. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Constituent Documents, Guarantor hereby waives compliance with all such restrictions or prohibitions set forth in the Constituent Documents in order to permit the collateral assignment, security interest and pledge hereunder and the exercise by Kreos of all of its rights and remedies hereunder.

(e) The execution and delivery of, and performance by Guarantor of its obligations under, this Agreement will not violate in any material respect any applicable provision of law, any order, judgment or decree of any court or other agency of government, the Constituent Documents or any material indenture, agreement or other instrument to which Guarantor is a party, or by which Guarantor or any of its assets is bound, or be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of Guarantor pursuant to, any such indenture, agreement or instrument.

 

6


(f) There are no restrictions upon the voting rights or the transfer of all or any of the Pledged Investment Property existing on the date hereof (other than may appear on the face of the certificate thereof or as may be imposed by the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), or any laws, rules or regulations of state or local authorities) and Guarantor has the right to vote, pledge, or grant a security interest in and otherwise transfer the Pledged Investment Property free of any encumbrances (other than applicable restrictions imposed by Federal or state securities and antitrust laws or regulations).

(g) Guarantor (i) is a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Delaware and is duly qualified to transact business in each jurisdiction where the nature of its activities requires such qualification (except where failure to so qualify would not have a material adverse effect on Guarantor’s business or operations), (ii) has the corporate power and corporate authority to own its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted, (iii) has the corporate power and corporate authority to execute and deliver, and perform its obligations under, the Guaranty Documents to which it is a party or signatory, and (iv) except for the Borrower, has no direct subsidiaries as of the date hereof.

(h) The execution and delivery of, and performance by Guarantor of its obligations under, this Agreement and the other Guaranty Documents have been duly authorized by all requisite corporate action and will not violate any provision of law, any order, judgment or decree of any court or other agency of government, the certificate of incorporation or by-laws of Guarantor or any material indenture, agreement or other instrument to which Guarantor is a party, or by which Guarantor is bound, or be in conflict with, result in a breach of, or constitute (with due notice or lapse of time or both) a default under, or result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance of any nature whatsoever upon any of the property or assets of Guarantor pursuant to, any such indenture, agreement or instrument. This Guaranty constitutes the valid and binding obligation of Guarantor enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer and similar laws regarding creditors’ rights and equitable principles.

(i) Guarantor is not required to obtain any consent, approval or authorization from, or to file any declaration or statement with, any governmental instrumentality or other agency, or any other person, in connection with or as a condition to the execution, delivery or performance of this Guaranty or the other transactions contemplated by the Guaranty Documents.

(j) There is no action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity or by or before any governmental instrumentality or other agency, including any arbitration board or tribunal, now pending or, to the knowledge of Guarantor, threatened, (i) which questions the validity of this Guaranty, or any action taken or to be taken pursuant hereto or thereto, or (ii) against or affecting Guarantor which, if adversely determined, either in any case or in the aggregate, would have a material adverse effect on the business, operations, properties, assets or financial condition, of Guarantor and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole.

 

7


(k) Guarantor is not now insolvent (as defined under any applicable federal or state law relating to bankruptcy, insolvency or fraudulent conveyance or transfer) and Guarantor’s obligations under this Guaranty do not render Guarantor insolvent; Guarantor is not contemplating either the filing of a petition by Guarantor under any state or federal bankruptcy or insolvency laws or the liquidating of all or a major portion of Guarantor’s property; and Guarantor has no knowledge of any person contemplating the filing of any such petition against Guarantor.

9. Covenants of Guarantor . Guarantor hereby covenants and agrees as follows:

(a) Guarantor will use commercially reasonable efforts to defend the Collateral against all claims and demands of all persons at any time claiming any interest therein, and will keep the Collateral free from any adverse lien, security interest or encumbrance, except for Permitted Liens.

(b) Guarantor will provide Kreos, at least thirty (30) business days prior to occurrence, with written notice of (i) any change in the chief executive office of Guarantor, or (ii) the movement or location of any material Collateral to or at any address other than as set forth in Exhibit B .

(c) Guarantor will promptly pay any and all material taxes, assessments and governmental charges upon the Collateral prior to the date penalties are attached thereto, except to the extent that such taxes, assessments and charges shall be contested in good faith by Guarantor and reserves in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States as in effect from time to time (“ GAAP ”) have been set aside therefor.

(d) Guarantor will promptly notify Kreos of any event (which shall not include a change in general economic conditions) causing a substantial loss or diminution in the value of all or any material part of the Collateral and the amount or an estimate of the amount of such loss or diminution.

(e) Guarantor will have and maintain at all times with respect to the Collateral such insurance coverage as a prudent business person would maintain under similar circumstances.

(f) Guarantor will not sell or offer to sell or otherwise assign, transfer or dispose of the Collateral or any interest therein, without the prior written consent of Kreos; provided, however, that Guarantor may grant liens under clauses (c) and (d) of the definition of Permitted Liens. For the avoidance of doubt, Guarantor may sell its inventory, if any, and other assets including payments of cash in the ordinary course of its business and may sell other assets outside the ordinary course of business not consisting of Collateral

(g) Guarantor will not knowingly use the Collateral in violation of any statute or ordinance.

(h) Guarantor will not change its name, jurisdiction of organization, identity or structure, without thirty (30) days prior written notice to Kreos and the delivery to Kreos by Guarantor of all documents and instruments necessary for Kreos to continue its perfected security interest in the Collateral, the form and substance of which documents and instruments shall be acceptable to Kreos in Kreos’s reasonable discretion.

 

8


(i) Guarantor will perform and observe, or cause to be performed and observed, all of Guarantor’s obligations under the Constituent Documents, and will not, without the prior written consent of Kreos, amend or modify the Constituent Documents in any material adverse way to Kreos.

(j) Guarantor will keep its records concerning the Collateral, at Guarantor’s executive office as shown on Exhibit B , or at such other place or places of business as Kreos may approve in writing, such approval not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed. Guarantor will hold and preserve such records and chattel paper and will permit representatives of Kreos at any time during normal business hours following reasonable notice to examine and inspect the Collateral and to make abstracts from such records and chattel paper, and will furnish to Kreos such information and reports regarding the Collateral and the Account Debtors as Kreos may from time to time reasonably request, provided that Kreos, in conducting any such inspection, shall not unreasonably interfere with the operation of Guarantor’s business.

(k) Guarantor shall at any time and from time to time, whether or not Article 9 is in effect in any particular jurisdiction, take such steps as Kreos may reasonably request for Kreos (i) to obtain an acknowledgement, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos, of any bailee having possession of any of the Collateral that the bailee holds such Collateral for Kreos, (ii) to obtain “control” of any investment property (as such term is defined in Article 9) with any agreements establishing control to be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Kreos, and (iii) otherwise to insure the continued perfection and priority of the Security Interests in any of the Collateral and of the preservation of Kreos’s rights therein.

(l) Guarantor shall be in compliance in all material respects with all federal, state and local laws, rules and regulations applicable to it.

10. Deposit Accounts

(a) With respect to each deposit account (“ Collection Account ”) now maintained by Guarantor at any bank (“ Depository Bank ”), Guarantor shall use its reasonable best efforts to deliver to Kreos a Control Agreement (each a “ Control Agreement ”) in substantially the form of Exhibit C or in such other form as may be reasonably acceptable to Kreos, Guarantor, such Depository Bank and Kreos in respect of such Control Agreement, duly executed and delivered by the appropriate parties thereto, authorizing and directing such Depository Bank, upon receipt of written notice from Kreos, to comply solely with instructions originated by Kreos and to take such further action as Kreos may reasonably deem desirable to effect the transfer of exclusive ownership and disposition of the funds in all Collection Accounts, without further consent by or notice to Guarantor. Kreos agrees that it will not deliver any such written notice to the Depository Bank unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and is continuing. Until all of Guarantor’s Obligations (other than indemnification and other contingent obligations which, by their terms, are intended to survive termination of this Agreement) have been indefeasibly paid in full, Guarantor agrees not to enter into any agreement or execute and deliver any direction which would modify, impair or adversely affect the rights and benefits of Kreos under any

 

9


Control Agreement. Guarantor shall not open, establish or maintain any Collection Account without first having notified Kreos thereof and, without first having delivered to Kreos a duly executed Control Agreement with respect to such Collection Account. Guarantor shall notify Kreos in writing not less than five (5) days prior to the date it shall open or establish any Collection Account.

11. Record Ownership of Pledged Investment Property . Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Event of Default, Kreos may upon written notice to Guarantor cause any or all of the Pledged Investment Property to be transferred of record into Kreos’s name. Guarantor will promptly give to Kreos copies of any notices or other communications received by Guarantor with respect to Pledged Investment Property registered in the name of Guarantor and Kreos will promptly give to Guarantor copies of any notices and communications received by Kreos with respect to Pledged Investment Property registered in the name of Kreos.

12. Right to Receive Distributions on Pledged Investment Property . Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Guarantor shall be entitled, from time to time, to collect and receive for its own use all dividends, interest and other payments and distributions made upon or with respect to the Pledged Investment Property, except:

(i) stock dividends,

(ii) dividends payable in securities or other property,

(iii) dividends or distributions on dissolution, or on partial or total liquidation, or in connection with a reduction of capital, capital surplus or paid-in surplus, and

(iv) other securities issued with respect to or in lieu of, or upon conversion of, the Pledged Investment Property (whether upon conversion of the convertible securities included therein or through stock split, spin-off, split-off, reclassification, merger, consolidation, sale of assets, combination of shares or otherwise).

From time to time upon receiving a written request from Guarantor accompanied by a certificate signed by the President or Chief Financial Officer on behalf of Guarantor stating that no Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, Kreos shall deliver to Guarantor suitable assignments and orders for the payment to Guarantor or upon its order of all dividends and securities listed in (i) through (iv) above to which Guarantor is entitled as aforesaid, upon or with respect to any Pledged Investment Property which are registered in Kreos’s name.

13. Right to Vote Pledged Investment Property .

(a) Unless an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Guarantor shall have the right, from time to time, to vote and to give consents, ratifications and waivers with respect to the Pledged Investment Property and to exercise conversion rights with respect to the convertible securities included therein.

 

10


(b) If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Kreos shall have the right to the extent permitted by law, and Guarantor shall take all such action as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate to give effect to such right, to vote and to give consents, ratifications and waivers and take any other action with respect to all the Pledged Investment Property with the same force and effect as if Kreos were the absolute and sole owner thereof.

14. General Authority . Guarantor hereby irrevocably appoints Kreos as Guarantor’s true and lawful attorney, with full power of substitution, in the name of Guarantor, Kreos or otherwise, for the sole use and benefit of Kreos, but at Guarantor’s expense, to the extent permitted by law to exercise, at any time and from time to time after any Event of Default has occurred and is continuing (or otherwise to the extent Kreos reasonably determines in its discretion that the exercise of such powers is necessary to protect Kreos’s interests in such Collateral or its rights hereunder), all or any of the following powers with respect to all or any of the Collateral (which power shall be in addition and supplemental to any powers, rights and remedies of Kreos described herein or otherwise available to Kreos under applicable law):

(i) to demand, sue for, collect, receive and give acquaintance for any and all moneys due or to become due upon or by virtue thereof,

(ii) to receive, take, endorse, assign and deliver any and all checks, notes, drafts, documents and other negotiable and non-negotiable instruments and chattel paper taken or received by Kreos in connection therewith,

(iii) to settle, compromise, compound, prosecute or defend any action or proceeding with respect thereto,

(iv) to sell, transfer, assign or otherwise deal in or with the same or the proceeds or avails thereof or any related goods securing the Customer Receivables, as fully and effectually as if Kreos were the absolute owner thereof,

(v) to extend the time of payment of any or all thereof and to make any allowance and other adjustments with reference thereto,

(vi) to discharge any taxes, liens, security interests or other encumbrances at any time placed thereon,

(vii) to enforce, cancel or modify the Constituent Documents, but only to the extent that Kreos in its sole discretion deems necessary or advisable to protect or enforce its rights and remedies hereunder,

(viii) to redirect delivery of Guarantor’s mail to Kreos,

(ix) to demand, collect, sue for, recover, receive, compromise and adjust, and make, execute and deliver receipts and releases for all amounts that may be or may thereafter become due, owing or payable with respect to the Pledged Investment Property, and

(x) to the extent permitted by law, including without limitation, state and local rules, regulations and policies and Federal and state securities laws, to execute any document or form, in the name of Guarantor, which may be necessary or desirable in connection with any sale of the Pledged Investment Property by Kreos, including without limitation Form 144 (or any successor form) promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission; provided that Kreos shall give Guarantor not less than ten (10) days’ prior written notice of the time and place of any sale or other intended disposition of any of the Collateral.

Such appointment as attorney is irrevocable while this Agreement is in effect and coupled with an interest.

 

11


15. Events of Default . Guarantor shall be in default under this Agreement upon the occurrence of any one or more of the following events (each such event is herein being referred to as an “ Event of Default ”):

(a) default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any of its monetary Obligations under this Agreement,

(b) default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any covenant or agreement contained in Section 9(b), 9(c), 9(e), 9(f), 9(g), 9(h), 9(i), 9(j) or 9(k), or default by Guarantor in the observance or performance of any other covenant or agreement contained in any of the Guaranty Documents (other than those covered by Section 15(a)) and continuation thereof for a period of ten (10) business days after the date Kreos gives Guarantor written notice thereof,

(c) breach by Guarantor of any representation or warranty herein contained or any such representation or warranty shall prove to be false or misleading in any material respect when made or deemed to be made,

(d) the filing of a petition by or against Guarantor for relief under any Chapter of the United States Bankruptcy Code of 1978, as amended (which petition if filed by a third party against Guarantor is not dismissed within thirty (30) days of filing), or any other act of insolvency by Guarantor, or

(e) the occurrence of any “Event of Default” as defined in the Loan Agreement or under the provisions of any other Loan Document.

16. Remedies Upon Event of Default . If an Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing, Kreos may take any of the following actions:

(a) Kreos may exercise all the rights and remedies of a secured party under the UCC (whether or not the UCC is in effect in the jurisdiction where such rights and remedies are exercised) and, in addition, Kreos may, without being required to give any notice, except as herein provided or as may be required by mandatory provisions of law, including provisions that require a secured party to act in a commercially reasonable manner, (i) apply the cash, if any, then held by it as Collateral hereunder, for the purposes and in the manner specified in Section 18, and (ii) if there shall be no such cash or if such cash shall be insufficient to pay all the Obligations in full, sell the Collateral, or any part or component thereof, at one or more public or private sales for cash, upon credit or for future delivery, and at such price or prices as Kreos may reasonably deem satisfactory.

 

12


(b) Kreos may require Guarantor to assemble all or any part of the Collateral and make it available to Kreos at a place to be designated by Kreos which is reasonably convenient. Any holder of an Obligation may be the purchaser of any or all of the Collateral so sold at any public sale (and, if the Collateral is of a type customarily sold in a recognized market or is of a type which is the subject of widely distributed standard price quotations, at any private sale) and thereafter hold the same absolutely, free from any right or claim of whatsoever kind. Upon any such sale, Kreos shall have the right to deliver, assign and transfer to the purchaser thereof the Collateral so sold. Each purchaser at any such sale shall hold the Collateral so sold absolutely, free from any claim or right of whatsoever kind, including any equity or right of redemption of Guarantor.

(c) Unless the Collateral to be sold is perishable or threatens to decline speedily in value or is of a type customarily sold on a recognized market, Kreos shall give Guarantor at least ten (10) business days’ prior written notice of its intention to make any such public or private sale. Guarantor agrees that such notice constitutes “reasonable notification” within the meaning of the UCC. Such notice in the case of a public sale shall state the time and place fixed for such sale. Such notice in the case of a private sale or disposition shall state the time after which any private sale or other intended disposition is to be made.

(d) Any such public sale shall be held at such time or times within ordinary business hours and at public or private place or places as Kreos may fix in the notice of such sale. At any public or private sale, the Collateral may be sold in one lot as an entirety or in separate parcels, as Kreos may reasonably determine. Kreos shall not be obligated to make such sale pursuant to any such notice. Kreos may, without notice or publication, adjourn any public or private sale or cause the same to be adjourned from time to time by announcement at the time and placed fixed for the sale, and such sale may be made at any time or place to which the same may be adjourned. In case of any sale of all or any part of the Collateral on credit or for future delivery, the Collateral so sold may be retained by Kreos until the selling price is paid by the purchaser thereof, but Kreos shall not incur any liability in case of the failure of such purchaser to take up and pay for the Collateral so sold and, in case of any such failure, such Collateral may again be sold upon like notice.

(e) Kreos, instead of exercising the power of sale herein conferred upon it, may proceed by a suit or suits at law or in equity to foreclose the Security Interests and sell the Collateral, or any portion thereof, under a judgment or decree of a court or courts of competent jurisdiction.

(f) To enforce the provisions of this Agreement, Kreos is empowered to request the appointment of a receiver from any court of competent jurisdiction. The receiver shall have the power to dispose of the Collateral in any manner lawful in the jurisdiction in which his appointment is confirmed, including the power to conduct a public or private sale of the Collateral. Kreos may bid at any such public or private sale.

 

13


(g) GUARANTOR ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE APPOINTMENT OF A RECEIVER IS INTEGRAL TO KREOS’S REALIZATION OF THE VALUE OF THE COLLATERAL, THAT THERE IS NO ADEQUATE REMEDY AT LAW FOR FAILURE BY GUARANTOR TO COMPLY WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION AND THAT SUCH FAILURE WOULD NOT BE ADEQUATELY COMPENSABLE IN DAMAGES, AND THEREFORE AGREES THAT THE AGREEMENTS CONTAINED IN THIS SECTION MAY BE SPECIFICALLY ENFORCED.

(h) All rights and remedies contained herein shall be separate and cumulative and in addition to all other rights and remedies available to a secured party under applicable law, and the exercise of one shall not in any way limit or prejudice the exercise of any other such rights or remedies.

(i) If at any time when Kreos shall determine to exercise its right to sell all or any part of the Pledged Investment Property pursuant to subsection (a)(ii) of this Section 16, Guarantor recognizes that Kreos may be unable to effect a public sale of the Pledged Investment Property by the reason of certain prohibitions contained in the Securities Act, or other applicable state or federal laws, and Kreos may therefore resort to one or more private arm’s-length sales thereof to a restricted group of purchasers. Guarantor agrees that any such private sales may be at prices and on other terms less favorable to the seller than if sold at public sales and that such private arm’s-length sales shall not by reason thereof be deemed not to have been made in a commercially reasonable manner. Kreos shall sell all or any part of the Pledged Investment Property at a price which it deems commercially reasonable under the circumstances. Kreos shall be under no obligation to delay a sale of any of the Pledged Investment Property for the period of time necessary to permit the issuer of such securities to register such securities for public sale under the Securities Act, or such other applicable laws, even if the issuer would agree to do so. Subject to the foregoing, Kreos agrees that any sale of the Pledged Investment Property shall be made in a commercially reasonable manner, and Guarantor agrees to use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the issuer or issuers of the Pledged Investment Property contemplated to be sold, to execute and deliver, all at Guarantor’s expense, all such instruments and documents, and to do or cause to be done all such other acts and things as may be necessary or, advisable to exempt the Pledged Investment Property from registration under the provisions of the Securities Act, and to make all amendments to such instruments and documents which, in the opinion of Kreos, are necessary or advisable, all in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission applicable thereto, and other applicable law.

(j) The receipt by Kreos of the purchase money paid at any such sale made by it shall be a sufficient discharge therefor to any purchaser (other than Kreos) of the Collateral, or any portion thereof, sold as aforesaid; and no such purchaser (or his or its representatives or assigns) (other than Kreos), after paying such purchase money and receiving such receipt, shall be bound to see to the application of such purchase money or any part thereof or in any manner whatsoever be answerable for any loss, misapplication or nonapplication of any such purchase money, or any part thereof, or be bound to inquire as to the authorization, necessity, expediency or regularity of any such sale.

 

14


17. Application of Collateral and Proceeds . The proceeds of any sale of, or other realization upon, all or any part of the Collateral shall be applied in the following order of priorities:

(a) first, to pay the reasonable expenses of such sale or other realization and all reasonable expenses, liabilities and advances incurred or made by Kreos in connection therewith, and any other unreimbursed expenses for which Kreos is to be reimbursed pursuant to Section 18,

(b) second, to the payment of all amounts due under the Loan,

(c) third, to the payment of the remaining Obligations of Guarantor in such order and manner as Kreos in its sole discretion, shall determine, and

(d) finally, unless applicable law otherwise provides, to pay to Guarantor, or its successors or assigns, or as a court of competent jurisdiction may direct, any surplus then remaining from such proceeds.

18. Expenses; Kreos’ Lien . Guarantor will forthwith upon demand pay to Kreos:

(a) the amount of any taxes which Kreos may at any time be required to pay by reason of the Security Interests (including any applicable transfer taxes) or to free any of the Collateral from any lien thereon arising by reason of such taxes, and

(b) the amount of any and all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, including the reasonable fees and disbursements of its counsel and of any person or entity not regularly in its employ, which Kreos may reasonably incur in connection with (i) the preparation, administration and enforcement of this Agreement, (ii) the collection, sale or other disposition of any of the Collateral, (iii) the exercise by Kreos of any of the powers, rights or remedies conferred upon it or them hereunder, or (iv) any default on Guarantor’s part hereunder.

19. Indemnification . In any suit, proceeding or action brought by Kreos relating to any Collateral for any sum owing with respect thereto or to enforce any rights or claims with respect thereto, Guarantor will save, indemnify and keep Kreos harmless from and against all expense (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses), loss or damage suffered by reason of any defense, setoff, counterclaim, recoupment or reduction of liability whatsoever of the Account Debtor or other person or entity obligated on the Collateral, arising out of a breach by any obligor of any obligation thereunder or arising out of any other agreement, indebtedness or liability at any time owing to, or in favor of, such obligor or its successors from Guarantor, except in the case of Kreos to the extent such expense, loss or damage is attributable to the gross negligence or willful misconduct of Kreos as finally determined by a court of competent jurisdiction. All such obligations of Guarantor shall be and remain enforceable against, and only against, Guarantor and shall not be enforceable against Kreos.

20. Waivers; Non-Exclusive Remedies; Consent to Jurisdiction; Service of Process . No failure on the part of Kreos to exercise, and no delay in exercising, and no course of dealing with respect to, any right, power or remedy under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise by Kreos of any right, power or remedy

 

15


under this Agreement preclude any other right, power or remedy. The remedies in this Agreement are cumulative and are not exclusive of any other remedies provided by law. ALL ACTIONS OR PROCEEDINGS ARISING IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS SHALL BE TRIED AND LITIGATED ONLY IN THE STATE AND FEDERAL COURTS LOCATED IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK, STATE OF NEW YORK, OR, AT KREOS’S SOLE OPTION, IN SUCH OTHER COURT IN WHICH KREOS SHALL INITIATE LEGAL OR EQUITABLE PROCEEDINGS AND WHICH HAS SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION OVER THE MATTER IN CONTROVERSY. GUARANTOR, TO THE EXTENT THAT IT MAY LAWFULLY DO SO, HEREBY CONSENTS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ALL SUCH COURTS, AS WELL AS TO THE JURISDICTION OF ALL COURTS TO WHICH AN APPEAL MAY BE TAKEN FROM SUCH COURTS, FOR THE PURPOSE OF ANY SUIT, ACTION OR OTHER PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF ANY OF GUARANTOR’S OBLIGATIONS ARISING HEREUNDER OR UNDER THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS OR WITH RESPECT TO THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY, AND EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY AND ALL OBJECTIONS IT MAY HAVE AS TO VENUE, INCLUDING THE INCONVENIENCE OF SUCH FORUM, IN ANY OF SUCH COURTS. TO THE EXTENT THAT GUARANTOR HAS OR HEREAFTER MAY ACQUIRE ANY IMMUNITY FROM JURISDICTION OF ANY COURT OR FROM ANY LEGAL PROCESS (WHETHER THROUGH SERVICE OR NOTICE, ATTACHMENT PRIOR TO JUDGMENT, ATTACHMENT IN AID OF EXECUTION OR OTHERWISE) WITH RESPECT TO ITSELF OR ITS PROPERTY, GUARANTOR HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES SUCH IMMUNITY IN RESPECT OF GUARANTOR’S OBLIGATIONS UNDER THIS AGREEMENT AND THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW .

21. Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH PARTY HEREBY WAIVES TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION BROUGHT ON OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT, THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS OR ANY OTHER AGREEMENTS EXECUTED IN CONNECTION HEREWITH. NEITHER OF THE PARTIES, NOR ANY OF THEIR RESPECTIVE SUCCESSORS OR ASSIGNS, SHALL SEEK A JURY TRIAL IN ANY LAWSUIT, PROCEEDING, COUNTERCLAIM, OR ANY OTHER LITIGATION OR PROCEDURE BASED UPON, OR ARISING OUT OF, THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY OF THE OTHER GUARANTY DOCUMENTS ENTERED INTO IN CONNECTION HEREWITH OR THEREWITH OR THE DEALINGS OR THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PARTIES, OR EITHER OF THEM. NO PARTY WILL SEEK TO CONSOLIDATE ANY SUCH ACTION, IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL HAS BEEN WAIVED, WITH ANY OTHER ACTION IN WHICH A JURY TRIAL CANNOT BE OR HAS NOT BEEN WAIVED. THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 22 HAVE BEEN FULLY DISCUSSED BY THE PARTIES, AND THESE PROVISIONS SHALL BE SUBJECT TO NO EXCEPTIONS. NEITHER PARTY HAS IN ANY WAY AGREED WITH OR REPRESENTED TO THE OTHER PARTY THAT THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION 22 WILL NOT BE FULLY ENFORCED IN ALL INSTANCES.

 

16


22. Changes in Writing . Neither this Agreement nor any provision hereof may be changed, waived, discharged or terminated orally but only by a statement in writing signed by the party against which enforcement of the change, waiver, discharge or termination is sought.

23. New York Law; Meaning of Terms . THIS AGREEMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH AND GOVERNED BY THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK APPLICABLE TO CONTRACTS MADE AND PERFORMED IN SAID STATE , except (a) to the extent that remedies provided by the laws of any state other than New York are governed by the laws of said state, and (b) to the extent that Article 9 (including Sections 9-406 and 9-408) in effect in the state in which an Account Debtor is physically located shall govern all issues relating to the applicability, effectiveness, interpretation and enforceability of any restrictions on assignment of, or the granting of security interests with respect to, accounts and general intangibles, applicable to such Account Debtor’s accounts and general intangibles, whether pursuant to the agreements between the Account Debtor and Guarantor relating thereto or statutes, rules and regulations applicable to such Account Debtor’s accounts and general intangibles. Unless otherwise defined herein, or unless the context otherwise requires, all terms used herein which are defined in the UCC, as amended from time to time, have the meanings therein stated.

24. Waiver of Marshaling . Guarantor and Kreos waive any right to require the marshaling of any Collateral and acknowledge and agree that in exercising any rights under or with respect to the Collateral, (i) Kreos is under no obligation to marshal any Collateral; (ii) Kreos may, in its absolute discretion, realize upon the Collateral in any order and in any manner it so elects; and (iii) Kreos may, subject to Section 18, apply the proceeds of the Collateral to Guarantor’s Obligations in any order and in any manner it so elects.

25. Separability . Any provision of this Agreement which is prohibited or unenforceable in any jurisdiction shall, as to such jurisdiction, be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or unenforceability without invalidating the remaining provisions hereof or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

26. Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties and their respective successors and assigns; provided that Guarantor may not assign its obligations hereunder or otherwise sell, transfer, encumber or otherwise dispose of the Collateral except as expressly permitted by the terms hereof.

27. Headings . The headings in this Agreement are for the purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning hereof.

28. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed by the parties in counterparts, with the same effect as if they had signed the same document. Any such counterpart may be executed and delivered by email, facsimile transmission or other electronically recorded copy (including a .pdf file), all with the same force and effect as if the same were a manually executed and delivered original counterpart. Each counterpart shall be deemed to be an original, and it shall not be necessary in making proof of the contents of this Agreement to produce or account for more than one counterpart. Neither party shall raise the use of electronic mail or a facsimile machine to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature was transmitted or communicated

 

17


through the use of electronic mail or a facsimile machine as a defense to the formation of a contract and each party forever waives any such defense. All counterparts shall be construed together and shall constitute one instrument, and the signature page from any counterpart may be attached to another counterpart to form a complete agreement.

29. Attorneys’ Fees and Costs of Collection . If at any time or times hereafter Kreos employs counsel to pursue collection, to intervene, to sue for enforcement of the terms of this Agreement or of any Loan Document, or to file a petition, complaint, answer, motion or other pleading in any suit or proceeding relating to this Agreement or any Loan Document, then in such event, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, all of the reasonable attorneys’ fees relating thereto shall be an additional liability of Guarantor to Kreos hereunder, payable on demand.

30. Reinstatement . This Agreement and the Guaranty shall continue to be effective, or be reinstated, as the case may be, if at any time any payment, or any part thereof, of the obligations which are covered by the Guaranty is rescinded or must otherwise be restored or returned by Kreos upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower, any other guarantor or otherwise, all as though such payment had not been made.

31. Condition of Borrower, etc. Guarantor agrees that Kreos will have no obligation to investigate the financial condition or affairs of Borrower for the benefit of Guarantor or to advise Guarantor of any fact respecting, or any change in, the financial condition or affairs of Borrower which might come to the knowledge of Kreos at any time, whether or not Kreos knows or believes or has reason to know or believe that any such fact or change is unknown to Guarantor or might (or does) materially increase the risk of Guarantor as guarantor or might (or would) affect the willingness of Guarantor to continue as guarantor with respect to the obligations of Borrower.

32. Notices . Notices and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing and shall be delivered by hand or overnight courier service, mailed or sent by telex, telecopy, graphic scanning or other telegraphic communications equipment of the sending party, as follows:

(a) if to Guarantor, to it at: 50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, MA 02109

(b) if to Kreos, to it at: 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1S 3AN, United Kingdom

All notices and other communications given to either person hereto in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed to have been given on the next business day if delivered by hand or overnight courier service or sent by telex, telecopy, graphic scanning or other telegraphic communications equipment of the sender, or on the date five (5) business days after dispatch by certified or registered mail if mailed, postage and fees prepaid, in each case delivered, sent or mailed (properly addressed) to such person as provided herein or at such other address or telex, telecopy or other number as shall have been designated by such person in a notice complying with the terms hereof; provided that if any attempted delivery of notice in accordance with the provisions of this Section 33 is refused or rejected, such notice shall be deemed received as of the date of the attempted delivery of such notice. For purposes of this Section 33, a “business day” is any weekday on which banks in London, England and Boston, Massachusetts are permitted or required to be open.

 

18


33. Rights Cumulative . All liabilities and obligations of Borrower to which this Agreement applies or may apply under the terms hereof shall be conclusively presumed to have been created in reliance hereon. No failure or delay on the part of Kreos in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder, and no course of dealing between Guarantor and Kreos, shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder on the part of Kreos preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights, powers and remedies herein expressly provided unto Kreos are cumulative and not exclusive of any rights, powers or remedies which Kreos would otherwise have.

34. Copies of Loan Documents . Guarantor acknowledges that executed or conformed copies of the Loan Documents have been made available to its principal executive officers and such officers are familiar with the contents thereof.

35. Interpretation . Whenever from the context it appears appropriate, any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa. The use of words “include” or “including” in this Agreement shall be by way of example rather than limitation and shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation.” Reference to any agreement, document or instrument means such agreement, document or instrument as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, reference in this Agreement to an “Exhibit” or “Section” is to an Exhibit to or Section of this Agreement. When used in this Agreement, words such as “herein,” “hereinafter,” “hereof,” “hereto,” and “hereunder” shall refer to this Agreement as a whole, unless the context clearly requires otherwise. The use of the words “or,” “either” and “any” shall not be exclusive. In the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring either party by virtue of the authorship of any of the provisions of this Agreement.

[balance of page intentionally left blank; signature page follows]

 

19


IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have caused this Agreement to be executed on their behalf as of the day and year first above written by one of their officers duly authorized thereunto.

 

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.
By:  

/s/ Ron Cooper

  Name:   Ron Cooper
  Title:   President and CEO
KREOS CAPITAL IV (UK) LIMITED
By:  

/s/ Maurizio Petitbon

  Name:   MAURIZIO PETITBON
  Title:   DIRECTOR

[Signature page to Guaranty and Security Agreement]


EXHIBIT A

LIENS ON COLLATERAL

“Permitted Liens” are:

(a) Liens for taxes, fees, assessments or other government charges or levies, either (i) not due and payable or (ii) being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings which proceedings have the effect of preventing the forfeiture or sale of the property subject thereto, and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its books;

(b) Liens of carriers, warehousemen, suppliers, or other persons that are possessory in nature arising in the ordinary course of business so long as such Liens attach only to Inventory, securing liabilities in the aggregate amount not to exceed Fifty Thousand Dollars ($50,000) and which are not delinquent or remain payable without penalty or which are being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings which proceedings have the effect of preventing the forfeiture or sale of the property subject thereto, and for which Borrower maintains adequate reserves on its book;

(c) Liens to secure payment of workers’ compensation, employment insurance, old-age pensions, social security and other like obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business (other than Liens imposed by ERISA);

(d) Liens incurred in the extension, renewal or refinancing of the indebtedness secured by Liens described in (a) through (c), but any extension, renewal or replacement Lien must be limited to the property encumbered by the existing Lien and the principal amount of the indebtedness may not increase; and

(e) Liens in favor of Kreos or an affiliate thereof.


EXHIBIT B

LOCATIONS OF COLLATERAL

50 Milk Street, 16 th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02109


EXHIBIT C

FORM OF CONTROL AGREEMENT

To be obtained from Depository Bank(s) in which Guarantor maintains Collection Account(s)

Exhibit 10.3

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of this 27th day of July, 2015 by and between [Albireo US], a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Ron Cooper (the “ Executive ”), and effective as of the 27 th July 2015 (the “ Effective Date ”).

RECITALS

The Company desires to employ the Executive and the Executive desires to be employed on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. In consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby agree:

1. Employment . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company hereby offers and the Executive hereby accepts employment.

2. Term . This Agreement will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with Section 5 hereof. The term of this Agreement is hereafter referred to as “ the term of this Agreement ” or “ the term hereof ”.

3. Capacity and Performance .

(a) During the term hereof, the Executive shall serve the Company as its President and Chief Executive Officer. In addition, and without further compensation, the Executive shall serve as a director and/or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the Company’s Affiliates (including without limitation Albireo Ltd.) if so elected or appointed from time to time.

(b) During the term hereof, the Executive shall be employed by the Company on a full-time basis and shall perform the duties and responsibilities of his position and such other duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company and its Affiliates as reasonably may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors of Albireo Ltd. (the “ Board ”). The Executive’s principal work location shall be in Boston, MA.


(c) During the term hereof, the Executive shall devote his full business time and his best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. The Executive shall not engage in any other business activity or serve in any industry, trade, professional, governmental or academic position during the term of this Agreement, except as may be expressly approved in advance by the Board in writing; provided, however, that the Executive may without advance consent (i) participate in charitable activities and passive personal investment activities (ii) serve on one outside board (which may be the board of a publicly traded company) during the first year of employment (and, thereafter, such additional boards, as may be expressly approved in advance by the Board in writing) and (iii) complete, by September 30, 2015, the Biosimilars consulting project that Executive committed to prior to June 11, 2015, provided that such activities do not, individually or in the aggregate, interfere with the performance of the Executive’s duties under this Agreement, are not in conflict with the business interests of the Company or any of its Affiliates and do not violate Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Agreement.

(d) During the term hereof, the Executive shall comply with all Company policies, practices and procedures and all codes of ethics or business conduct applicable to the Executive’s position, as in effect from time to time.

4. Compensation and Benefits . As compensation for all services performed by the Executive hereunder during the term hereof, and subject to performance of the Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise:

(a) Base Salary . During the term of this Agreement, the Company shall pay the Executive a base salary at the rate of Four Hundred Thousand Dollars ($400,000) per year, payable monthly in equal amounts in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company as in effect from time to time and subject to adjustment from time to time by the Board, in its sole discretion. The first salary payment shall include an additional lump sum signing bonus that reflects the amount of salary the Executive would have earned if he had been employed for the period between June 11, 2015 and the Effective Date. Such base salary, as from time to time upward, but not downward adjusted, is hereafter referred to as the “ Base Salary ”. The Executive hereby consents to the direct deposit of any payments made by the Company under this Agreement into his designated U.S. bank account, and agrees to complete the paperwork necessary to allow for such direct deposit.

(b) Annual Bonus Compensation . For each fiscal year completed during the term hereof, pro-rated for the partial initial fiscal year of employment, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by the Company for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The Executive’s annual target bonus shall be fifty percent (50%) of the Base Salary (the “ Target Bonus ”), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by the Board in accordance


with the applicable performance criteria as reasonably established by the Board after consultation with Executive. In order to earn an annual bonus under this Section 4(b) for any fiscal year, the Executive must be employed by the Company on the last date of the applicable fiscal year. Any annual bonus payable hereunder will be paid within two and one-half months following the end of the fiscal year for which the bonus is earned.

(c) Vacations . During the term hereof, the Executive shall be entitled to earn four (4) weeks of vacation per annum, to be taken at such times and intervals as shall be determined by the Executive, subject to the reasonable business needs of the Company. Vacation shall otherwise be governed by the policies of the Company, as in effect from time to time.

(d) Employee Benefit Plans . During the term hereof and subject to any contribution therefore generally required of similarly-situated employees of the Company, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in any and all Employee Benefit Plans from time to time in effect for employees of the Company generally, including any long term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan, except to the extent any Employee Benefit Plan provides for benefits otherwise provided to the Executive hereunder ( e.g ., a severance pay plan). Such participation shall be subject to (i) the terms of the applicable plan documents, (ii) generally applicable Company policies and (iii) the discretion of the Board or any administrative or other committee provided for under or contemplated by such plan. For purposes of this Agreement, “Employee Benefit Plan” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(3) of ERISA, as amended from time to time. The Executive shall have no recourse against the Company under this Agreement in the event that the Company should alter, modify, add to or eliminate any or all of its Employee Benefit Plans.

(e) Business Expenses . The Company shall pay or reimburse the Executive for reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses incurred or paid by the Executive in the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to such reasonable substantiation and documentation and to travel and other policies as may be required by the Company from time to time. The Company agrees to reimburse the Executive’s legal fees associated with reviewing and negotiating this Agreement and all documents and agreements related to the Executive’s equity interests, up to a maximum of Fifteen Thousand Dollars ($15,000) in the aggregate.

(f) Relocation Expenses . The Company shall reimburse the Executive for all reasonable and actual relocation expenses (including closing costs, house hunting trips, moving of household goods and temporary housing for up to six (6) months) up to a maximum of Eighty Thousand Dollars ($80,000) in the aggregate, subject to such reasonable substantiation and documentation as may be specified by the Company from time to time. To the extent any such relocation expense reimbursement is taxable to the Executive; the Company will reimburse the Executive for such tax liability following receipt of reasonable substantiation and documentation of the same.


(g) Stock Options . The Executive may be eligible to receive grants of stock options from Albireo Ltd., as described in and subject to the terms of that certain letter from Albireo Ltd. dated as of June    , 2015 (the “ Comfort Letter ”).

5. Termination of Employment and Severance Benefits . The Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances:

Death . In the event of the Executive’s death during the term hereof, the date of death shall be the date of termination, and the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated by the Executive in a notice received by the Company, to his estate: (i) any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, (ii) pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, (iii) any business expenses incurred by the Executive but unreimbursed on the date of termination, provided that such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within sixty (60) days following termination, that such expenses are reimbursable under Company policy, and that any such expenses subject to Section 5(f)(iv) shall be paid not later than the deadline specified therein; and (iv) any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs (all of the foregoing, payable subject to the timing limitations described herein, “ Final Compensation ”). In addition, the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated by the Executive in a notice received by the Company, to his estate, at the time when bonuses are payable to executives of the Company generally, a pro-rata portion of the Executive’s annual bonus for the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs, based on actual performance through the end of such fiscal year and determined in accordance with Section 4(b) hereof (the “ Pro-Rata Bonus ”). The Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of death.

(a) Disability .

(i) The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder, upon notice to the Executive, in the event that the Executive becomes disabled during his employment hereunder through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder (notwithstanding the provision of any reasonable accommodation exclusive of the leave of absence provided hereunder) for one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, whether or not consecutive. In the event of such termination, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for payment of any Final Compensation due the Executive and payment of the Pro-Rata Bonus. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by


applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment. The Pro-Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive at such time when bonuses are paid to executives of the Company generally.

(ii) The Board may designate another employee to act in the Executive’s place during any period of the Executive’s disability. Notwithstanding any such designation, the Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and to participate in Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d), to the extent permitted by the then-current terms of the applicable Employee Benefit Plans, until the Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under the Company’s disability income plan, if any, or until the termination of his employment, whichever shall first occur. While receiving disability income payments under any Company’s disability income plan, the Executive shall not be entitled to receive any Base Salary under Section 4(a) hereof, but shall continue to participate in the Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d) and to the extent permitted by and subject to the then-current terms of such plans, until the termination of his employment hereunder.

(iii) If any question shall arise as to whether the Executive is disabled through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature so as to be unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Executive may, and at the request of the Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom the Executive or his duly appointed guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether the Executive is disabled, and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive. If such question shall arise and the Executive shall fail to submit to such medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on the Executive.

(b) By the Company for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. The following, as determined by the Board in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute Cause for termination:

(i) The Executive’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, the Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such failure or negligence by the Company to the Executive; provided , that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances;

(ii) Conduct by the Executive that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates;


(iii) The Executive’s commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, (A) a felony or (B) other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(iv) The Executive’s material breach of this Agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between the Executive and the Company or any of its Affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that the Executive has to the Company or any of its Affiliates; that if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such breach by the Company to the Executive; provided , that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances.

Upon the giving of notice of termination of the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for any Final Compensation due to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

(c) By the Company Other Than for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive. In the event of such termination, in addition to any Final Compensation due to the Executive, the Company will (i) pay the Executive severance pay, at the same rate as the Base Salary, for the period of twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (the “Severance Period”), (ii) during the Severance Period, provided the Executive elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA), pay the Executive a monthly taxable amount equal to the portion of the Executive’s health insurance premiums that the Company paid immediately prior to the date of termination (the “ Monthly Contribution ”) and (iii) pay the Executive the Pro-Rata Bonus ((i), (ii) and (iii) collectively, the “ Severance Benefits ”). Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment. Any obligation of the Company to provide the Severance Benefits is conditioned, however, on the Executive signing and returning to the Company (without revoking) a timely and effective a general release of claims in the form provided by the Company (which shall exclude nonwaivable claims and the Executive’s rights to Final Compensation and shall not require the Executive to agree to post-employment obligations not specifically set forth in this Agreement) by the deadline specified therein, all of which (including the lapse of the period for revoking the release of claims as specified in the release of claims) shall have occurred no later than the sixtieth (60th) calendar day following the date of termination (any such separation agreement submitted by such deadline, the “ Release of Claims ”) and on the Executive’s continued compliance in material respects with the obligations of the Executive to the Company and its Affiliates that survive termination of his employment, including without limitation under Sections 7, 8 and 9 of this Agreement. Subject to Section 5(g) below, all Severance Benefits described under subsection (i) above to which the Executive is entitled hereunder shall be in the form of salary continuation, payable in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company, with the first payment, which shall be


retroactive to the day immediately following the date the Executive’s employment terminated and include all installments of the Monthly Contribution accrued to date, being due and payable on the Company’s next regular payday for executives that follows the effective date of the Release of Claims. The Pro-Rata Bonus shall be paid to the Executive at such time when bonuses are paid to executives of the Company generally. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the time period to consider, return and revoke the Release of Claims covers two of the Executive’s taxable years, any portion of the Severance Benefits that constitutes deferred compensation subject to Section 409A (as defined below) shall in all events be paid in the later taxable year. The Release of Claims required for Severance Benefits in accordance with this Section 5(d) creates legally binding obligations on the part of the Executive and the Company therefore advises the Executive to seek the advice of an attorney before signing the Release of Claims. In the event that the Company’s payment of the Monthly would subject the Company to any tax or penalty under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (as amended from time to time, the “ ACA ”) or Section 105(h) of the Code, or applicable regulations or guidance issued under the ACA or Section 105(h) of the Code, the Executive and the Company will work together in good faith, consistent with the requirements for compliance with, or exemption from Section 409A of the Code, to restructure such benefit (while preserving the economic value of such Monthly Contribution to the maximum extent permitted consistent therewith).

(d) By the Executive for Good Reason . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder for Good Reason by (A) providing notice to the Company specifying in reasonable detail the condition giving rise to the Good Reason no later than the thirtieth (30th) day following the occurrence of that condition; (B) providing the Company a period of thirty (30) days to remedy the condition and so specifying in the notice and (C) terminating his employment for Good Reason within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the period to remedy if the Company fails to remedy the condition. The following, if occurring without the Executive’s consent, shall constitute “ Good Reason ” for termination by the Executive:

(i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of the Executive’s title, duties, authority or responsibilities;

(ii) a requirement that the Executive relocate his principal work location to a location outside of the United States and Canada; or

(iii) a material reduction in Base Salary.

In the event of a termination of employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Executive will be entitled to receive the Severance Benefits he would have been entitled to receive had he been terminated by the Company other than for Cause pursuant to Section 5(d) above, provided that the Executive signs and returns (without revoking) a timely and effective Release of Claims as set forth in Section 5(d).

(e) By the Executive Without Good Reason . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder at any time upon thirty (30) days’ prior written


notice to the Company. In the event of termination of the Executive’s employment in accordance with this Section 5(f), the Board may elect to waive the period of notice, or any portion thereof, and, if the Board so elects, the Company will pay the Executive the Base Salary for the period so waived. The Company shall also pay the Executive any Final Compensation due him (other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii)) at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of the termination of employment.

(f) Timing of Payments and Section 409A .

(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if at the time of the Executive’s termination of employment, the Executive is a “specified employee,” as defined below, any and all amounts payable under this Section 5 on account of such separation from service that constitute deferred compensation and would (but for this provision) be payable within six (6) months following the date of termination, shall instead be paid on the next business day following the expiration of such six (6) month period or, if earlier, upon the Executive’s death; except (A) to the extent of amounts that do not constitute a deferral of compensation within the meaning of Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(b) (including without limitation by reason of the safe harbor set forth in Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii), as determined by the Company in its reasonable good faith discretion); (B) benefits that qualify as excepted welfare benefits pursuant to Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5); or (C) other amounts or benefits that are not subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“ Section 409A ”).

(ii) For purposes of this Agreement, all references to “termination of employment” and correlative phrases shall be construed to require a “separation from service” (as defined in Section 1.409A-1(h) of the Treasury regulations after giving effect to the presumptions contained therein), and the term “specified employee” means an individual determined by the Company to be a specified employee under Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(i).

(iii) Each payment made under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment and the right to a series of installment payments under this Agreement is to be treated as a right to a series of separate payments.

(iv) Any payment of or reimbursement for expenses that would constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section 409A shall be subject to the following additional rules: (i) no reimbursement or payment of any such expense shall affect the Executive’s right to reimbursement or payment of any such expense in any other calendar year; (ii) reimbursement or payment of the expense shall be made, if at all, promptly, but not later than the end of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred; and (iii) the right to reimbursement or payment shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for any other benefit.


(v) In no event shall the Company have any liability relating to the failure or alleged failure of any payment or benefit under this Agreement to comply with, or be exempt from, the requirements of Section 409A.

(g) Exclusive Right to Severance . The Executive agrees that the Severance Benefits to be provided to him in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement are intended to be exclusive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits. The Executive hereby knowingly and voluntarily waives any right he might otherwise have to participate in or receive benefits under any other plan, program or policy of the Company providing for severance or termination pay or benefits.

6. Effect of Termination . The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of the Executive’s employment under this Agreement, whether pursuant to Section 5 or otherwise.

(a) Provision by the Company of Final Compensation and Severance Benefits, if any, that are due the Executive in each case under the applicable termination provision of Section 5 shall constitute the entire obligation of the Company to the Executive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits.

(b) Except for any right of the Executive to continue group health plan participation in accordance with applicable law, the Executive’s participation in all Employee Benefit Plans shall terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan documents based on the date of termination of the Executive’s employment without regard to any Base Salary for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(f) hereof or to any Severance Benefits or other payment made to or on behalf of the Executive following such date of termination.

(c) Provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination of the Executive’s employment if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable fully to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation the obligations of the Executive under Sections 7, 8 and 9 hereof. The obligation of the Company to provide Severance Benefits hereunder, and Executive’s right to retain such payments, is expressly conditioned on the Executive’s continued compliance in all material respects with Sections 7, 8 and 9 hereof. The Executive recognizes that, except as expressly provided in Section 5(d) or 5(e), or with respect to Base Salary paid for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof, no cash compensation or benefits will be earned after termination of employment.


7. Confidential Information .

(a) The Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information, that the Executive will develop Confidential Information for the Company or its Affiliates and that the Executive will learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment. The Executive agrees that all Confidential Information which the Executive creates or to which he has access as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or any of its Affiliates is and shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company or its Affiliate, as applicable. The Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall never disclose to any Person (except as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of his duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates), or use for his own benefit or gain or the benefit or gain of any other Person, any Confidential Information obtained by the Executive incident to his employment or any other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. The Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after his employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. Further, the Executive agrees to furnish prompt notice to the Company of any required disclosure of Confidential Information sought pursuant to subpoena, court order or any other legal process or requirement, and agrees to provide the Company a reasonable opportunity to seek protection of the Confidential Information prior to any such disclosure. The confidentiality obligation under this Section 7 shall not apply to information that has become generally known through no wrongful act on the part of the Executive or any other Person having an obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Agreement limits, restricts or in any other way affects your communicating with any governmental agency or entity, or communicating with any official or staff person of a governmental agency or entity, concerning matters relevant to the governmental agency or entity.

(b) All documents, records, tapes and other media of every kind and description relating to the business, present or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Affiliates and any copies or derivatives (including without limitation electronic), in whole or in part, thereof (the “ Documents ”), whether or not prepared by the Executive, shall be the sole and exclusive property of the Company and its Affiliates. Except as required for the proper performance of the Executive’s regular duties for the Company or as expressly authorized in writing in advance by the Board or its expressly authorized designee, the Executive will not copy any Documents or remove any Documents or copies or derivatives thereof from the premises of the Company. The Executive shall safeguard all Documents and shall surrender to the Company at the time his employment terminates, and at such earlier time or times as the Board or its designee may specify, all Documents and other property of the Company or any of its Affiliates and all documents, records and files of the customers and other Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates does business (“ Third Party Documents ”) and each individually a “ Third Party Document ”) then in the Executive’s possession or control; provided, however, that if a Document or Third-Party Document is on electronic media, the Executive may, in lieu of surrendering the Document or Third-Party Document, provide a copy to the Company on electronic media and delete and overwrite all other electronic media copies thereof. The Executive also agrees that, upon request of any duly authorized officer of the Company, the Executive shall disclose all passwords and passcodes necessary or desirable to enable the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates do business to obtain access to the Documents and Third-Party Documents.


8. Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property . The Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Intellectual Property to the Company. The Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) the Executive’s full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property. The Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by the Company to assign the Intellectual Property to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) and to permit the Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. The Executive will not charge the Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that the Executive creates shall be considered “work made for hire” and shall, upon creation, be owned exclusively by the Company.

9. Restricted Activities . The Executive agrees that the following restrictions on his activities during and after his employment are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates:

(a) While the Executive is employed by the Company and during the twelve (12) month period following the date his employment terminates (or, in the case of a termination of employment by the Executive pursuant to Section 5(e), during the twelve (12) month period following the date, no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of termination, when the Executive provides written notice of termination to the Company), regardless of the reason therefore (in the aggregate, the “ Restricted Period ”), the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, whether as owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, employee, co-venturer or otherwise, engage in any Competitive Business Activities in any geographic area in which the Company or any of its Affiliates engages in any business activity or is actively planning to engage in any business activity at any time during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (the “ Restricted Area ”). Specifically, but without limiting the foregoing, the Executive agrees not to work or provide services, in any capacity in the Restricted Area, whether as an employee, independent contractor or otherwise, whether with or without compensation, to any Person who is engaged in the business of developing, marketing or selling (i) therapeutic drugs to treat liver disease and/or constipation or (ii) any other drug that the Company or any of its Affiliates is developing, marketing or selling during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (“ Competitive Business Activities ”). Nothing in this Section 9(a), however, shall prevent the Executive’s passive ownership of two (2) percent or less of the equity securities of any publicly traded company.


(b) The Executive agrees that, during his employment with the Company, he will not undertake any outside activity, whether or not competitive with the business of the Company or its Affiliates that could reasonably give rise to a conflict of interest or otherwise interfere with any of his duties or obligations to the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(c) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period, he will not directly or indirectly (i) solicit or encourage any customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; or (ii) seek to persuade any such customer or business partner or any prospective customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to conduct with anyone else any business or activity which such customer or business partner conducts, or such prospective customer or business partner could conduct, with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply (y) only with respect to those Persons who are or have been a customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two (2)-year period or whose business has been solicited on behalf of the Company or any of the Affiliates by any of their officers, employees or agents within such two (2)-year period, other than by form letter, blanket mailing or published advertisement, and (z) only if the Executive has performed work for such Person during his employment with the Company or one of its Affiliates or been introduced to, or otherwise had contact with, such Person as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or one of its Affiliates or has had access to Confidential Information which would assist in the Executive’s solicitation of such Person.

(d) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period (excluding any activities undertaken on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates in the course of his duties hereunder), the Executive will not, and will not assist any other Person to, (i) hire, engage or solicit for hiring or engagement any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates or seek to persuade any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue employment or (ii) solicit or encourage any independent contractor providing services to the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply only to employees and independent contractors who have provided services to the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two-(2) year period.

10. Enforcement of Covenants . The Executive acknowledges that he has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon him pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9 hereof. The Executive agrees without reservation that each of the restraints contained herein is necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates; that each and every one of these restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, length of time and geographic area; and that these restraints, individually or in the aggregate, will not prevent him from obtaining other suitable employment during the period in which the Executive is bound by them. The Executive


further agrees that he will never assert, or permit to be asserted on his behalf, in any forum, any position contrary to the foregoing. The Executive further acknowledges that, were he to breach any of the covenants contained in Sections 7, 8 or 9 hereof, the damage to the Company and its Affiliates would be irreparable. The Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any of said covenants, without having to post bond, and will additionally be entitled to an award of attorney’s fees incurred in connection with securing any relief hereunder. The parties further agree that, in the event that any provision of Section 7, 8 or 9 hereof shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. The Executive agrees that the Restricted Period shall be tolled, and shall not run, during any period of time in which he is in violation of the terms thereof, in order that the Company and its Affiliates shall have all of the agreed-upon temporal protection recited herein. No breach of any provision of this Agreement by the Company, or any other claimed breach of contract or violation of law, or change in the nature or scope of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company, shall operate to extinguish the Executive’s obligation to comply with Sections 7, 8 and 9 hereof. Each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of the Executive’s obligations to that Affiliate under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to Section 7, 8 or 9 hereof.

11. No Conflicting Agreements . The Executive hereby represents and warrants that the execution of this Agreement and the performance of his obligations hereunder will not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which the Executive is a party or is bound and that the Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any other obligations to any Person or to any court order, judgment or decree that would affect the performance of his obligations hereunder. The Executive will not disclose to or use on behalf of the Company any proprietary information of a third party without such party’s consent.

12. Definitions . Capitalized words or phrases shall have the meanings provided in this Section 13 and as provided elsewhere herein:

(a) “ Affiliate ” means any person or entity directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by either management authority or equity interest.

(b) “ Confidential Information ” means any and all information of the Company and its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, and any and all information, publicly known in whole or in part or not, which, if disclosed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, would assist in competition against any of them.


Confidential Information includes without limitation such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing and financial activities of the Company and its Affiliates, (ii) the Products, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance and strategic plans of the Company and its Affiliates, (iv) the identity and special needs of the patients of the Company and its Affiliates and (v) the people and organizations with whom the Company and its Affiliates have business relationships and the nature and substance of those relationships. Confidential Information also includes information that the Company or any of its Affiliates has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to others or that was received by the Company or any of its Affiliates with any understanding, express or implied, that it would not be disclosed.

(c) “ Intellectual Property ” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by the Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during the Executive’s employment and during the period of six (6) months immediately following termination of his employment that relate either to the Services or to any prospective activity of the Company or any of its Affiliates or that result from any work performed by the Executive for the Company or any of its Affiliates or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(d) “ Person ” means a natural person, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust and any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(e) “ Products ” means all products planned, researched, developed, tested, sold, licensed, leased, or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company or any of its Affiliates, together with all services provided or otherwise planned by the Company or any of its Affiliates, during the Executive’s employment.

13. Withholding . All payments made by the Company under this Agreement shall be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company under applicable law.

14. Section 280G . In the event that the Company or Albireo Ltd. undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (“ Section 280G ”)) before the Company or Albireo Ltd. or any Affiliate of the Company or Albireo Ltd. that would be treated, together with the Company or Albireo Ltd., as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the payments provided under this Agreement, either alone or together with


other payments or benefits which the Executive receives or is entitled to receive from the Company or Albireo Ltd. (collectively, the “ Total Payments ”), could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Code Section 280G, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to seek shareholder approval of the Total Payments in a manner that satisfies the requirements of the “shareholder approval” exception to Section 280G, such that, if approved, all Total Payments may be made to the Executive without the application of the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code.

15. Assignment . Neither the Company nor the Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Executive to one of its Affiliates or in the event that the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization with, consolidate with, or merge into, an Affiliate or any Person or transfer all or substantially all of its properties, stock, or assets to an Affiliate or any Person. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Executive, and their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns.

16. Severability . If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

17. Waiver . No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of either party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

18. Notices . Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in person, consigned to a reputable national courier service or deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, and addressed to the Executive at his last known address on the books of the Company or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the Chair of the Board, or to such other address as either party may specify by notice to the other actually received.


19. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes and terminates all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company, excluding only the Comfort Letter.

20. Amendment . This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by the Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of the Company.

21. Headings . The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement.

22. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

23. Governing Law . This is a Massachusetts contract and shall be construed and enforced under and be governed in all respects by the laws of Massachusetts, without regard to any conflict of laws principles that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction.

[The remainder of this page has been left blank intentionally.]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as a sealed instrument by the Company, by its duly authorized representative, and by the Executive, as of the date first above written.

 

THE EXECUTIVE:      THE COMPANY:

/s/ Ronald H.W. Cooper

    

By:   /s/ David Chiswell, Ph.D.                        

    

Title:                                                                 

Table of Contents

Exhibit 10.4

 

 

ALBIREO AB

AND

Jan Mattsson

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

1   Commencement Date and Term of Employment

     1   

2   Position and place of work

     1   

3   Working Hours and Other Engagements

     1   

4   Salary

     2   

5   Pension and Insurance

     2   

6   Stock Option Plan

     2   

7   Work Equipmen t

     2   

8   Expenses

     3   

9   Vacation

     3   

10 Sick Pay

     3   

11 Personal Data and Data Security

     3   

12 Intellectual Property Rights

     4   

13 Confidentiality

     4   

14 Termination of Employment

     4   

15 Amendments and Waivers

     4   

16 Governing Law and Disputes

     5   

APPENDICES:

Appendix 4.2 Bonus

 

ii


Table of Contents

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This Employment Agreement (this “Agreement” is entered into on 14 th  February 2008

BETWEEN:

 

(1) Albireo AB , Reg. No. 556737-4631, a company duly incorporated and organized under the Laws of Sweden, having its registered address at c/o AstraZeneca AB, Legal Department, SE-151 85 Södertälje, Sweden (the “Company”); and

 

(2) Jan Mattsson , Pers. Id. No. 641007-5573, address Kullaviksvägen 137, S-429 33 Kullavik (“Mattsson”).

 

1 Commencement Date and Term of Employment

 

  1.1 Commencement date of Employment with the Company is 14 th  February 2008. (AstraZeneca will however pay salary and all other benefits until and including 17 th  February 2008).

Prior to this Mattsson has been employed with AstraZeneca AB during the period 1 st  February 1995 – 13 th  February 2008.) The employment is valid for an indefinite term and is subject to the terms and conditions set out in the collective bargaining agreement applicable from time to time between Sveriges Ingenjörer, Sif and Ledarna applicable companies that are affiliated to The Swedish Industrial and Chemical Employers Associations.

 

  1.2 This Agreement supersedes all other written or oral agreements between the Company, or any associated company, and Mattsson. For the purposes of this Agreement, “associated company” means a legal entity directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under common control with the Company, irrespective or the country of registration of such legal entity.

 

2 Position and place of work

 

  2.1 Mattsson shall be employed as a salaried employee and shall presently hold the position of Vice President, Operations.

 

  2.2 The place of work shall be the Company’s premises in Gothenburg.

 

  2.3 The Parties agree that it its essential for the Company’s business, and a condition for the employment with the Company, that the employees are service-minded and that they, moreover, in all respects act as good ambassadors of the Company.

 

3 Working Hours and Other Engagements

 

  3.1 The employment is a full time employment with working hours provided for under the applicable collective bargaining agreement or by the Company policy applicable from time to time.


Table of Contents
  3.2 The position will, from time to time, require overtime work and travelling time. As an exemption from the applicable collective bargaining agreement, no compensation will be paid for such overtime or travelling time, since such work and time have been taken into account, inter alia , when determining the salary and annual vacation.

 

  3.3 Mattsson shall not during his employment, either himself or through any legal entity, be engaged in any other employment or carry out other work that could jeopardize his work for the Company, without the prior written consent of the Company.

 

4 Salary

 

  4.1 Mattsson is entitled to a monthly salary of SEK 85,500. The salary is paid in arrears before the expiry of each calendar month.

 

  4.2 Mattsson is entitled to a bonus as set out in Appendix 4.2 . The Company reserves the right to amend or cancel the bonus plan at its own discretion. For the sake of clarity, bonus performance criteria which have been agreed for any given year may not be amended or cancelled without the written approval of Mattsson.

 

  4.3 The salary shall be subject to annual review in accordance with the applicable collective bargaining agreement and the Company policy applicable from time to time.

 

5 Pension and Insurance

 

  5.1 Mattsson shall be entitled to insurance and pension benefits in accordance with the ITP pension plan provided for under the applicable collective bargaining agreement and the Company policy from time to time. Mattsson is aware of – and fully accepts – that the Company only applies the new ITP pension plan (the “ITP 1”), which is a defined contribution pension plan. Mattsson is also entitled to occupational group life insurance (“TGL”) and industrial (occupational) injury insurance (“TFA”).

 

6 Stock Option Plan

Mattsson will be granted stock options accounting for 1.0% of the fully diluted share capital of the company (this amounts to options over 379,430 Common shares). The options will vest over a four year period consisting of a one year cliff in year 1 followed by monthly vesting over years 2-4. The Stock Option Plan will be established following the completion of the Company’s Series B financing.

 

7 Work Equipment

For the performance of Mattsson duties, the Company will provide such equipment that the Company decides is necessary for him to carry out his duties from time to time. Such equipment should be used for work purposes only and in accordance with Company policy applicable from time to time.

 

2


Table of Contents
8 Expenses

 

  8.1 Entertainment expenses incurred in compliance with Company regulations are compensated and such expenses shall be specified and supported by vouchers.

 

  8.2 Expenses drawn in the Company’s credit card (which will be available for Mattsson’s use) will be accounted for by Mattsson in strict accordance with the Company’s credit card policy.

 

9 Vacation

Mattsson is currently entitled to twenty-five (25) days paid vacation per each year. Mattsson in entitled to a further five (5) days paid vacation per each year in lieu of overtime compensation. As from Mattsson’s 20 th year of service with the Company (including service with any successor of the Company under this Agreement), Mattsson shall be entitled to an additional two (2) days paid vacation per each year. Vacation pay is calculated in accordance with the applicable collective bargaining agreement and the Company policy applicable from time to time. Mattsson shall schedule his vacation in co-operation with the Company, and the Company will, to the extent reasonably practicable, comply with the requests of Mattsson. At the expiry of the employment the Company shall have the right to deduct form the final salary and accrued vacation pay any vacation that has been taken but not yet earned.

 

10 Sick Pay

In case of absence due to sickness the provision of the Swedish Sick Pay Act (Sw. lagen om sjuklön (1991:1047))  and the applicable collective bargaining agreement shall apply.

 

11 Personal Data and Data Security

 

  11.1 Mattsson confirms that the Company has, in accordance with the provision of the Personal Data Protection Act (Sw. Personuppgiftslagen (1998:204)) , informed him of the Company’s use of employees’ personal data.

 

  11.2 Mattsson agrees to comply with the Company’s policies regarding the use of the Company’s computers, e-mail system, Internet services and other software programmes. Mattsson is aware that the Company has complete access to all material and e-mail correspondence and an overview of Internet usage that is saved in or performed via the Company’s data system.

 

3


Table of Contents
12 Intellectual Property Rights

 

  12.1 All rights to any material and results, and all intellectual property rights related thereto, made, written, designed or produced by Mattsson during the term of his employment (the “Materials”) shall be vested in the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, the Company shall have a right to freely exploit, develop and alter any of the Materials including without limitation to license and assign them to third parties.

 

  12.2 Mattsson has no right to directly or indirectly in any way use or exploit the Materials during the term of his employment or thereafter unless a written agreement regarding such use has been entered with the Company.

 

  12.3 Mattsson agrees and undertakes without any additional compensation to execute all such deeds and documents that, in the Company’s sole discretion, are necessary or desirable in order for the Company to be able to protect, register, maintain the Materials and in any other way be able to fully enjoy the Company’s rights referred to under Section 11.

 

  12.4 The provisions of this Section 11 shall apply to the furthest extent allowed by the collective bargaining agreement applicable from time to time.

 

13 Confidentiality

Mattsson shall not any time during his employment of for a period of three (3) years thereafter (or for such extended period as may be required by the Company for it to fulfil its obligations to third parties) utilise or disclose to any person or firm or company (unless required by the performance of his duties under this Agreement or by law) any information of the Company or any of its associated companies, which is and that the Company treats as confidential.

 

14 Termination of Employment

 

  14.1 This Agreement may be terminated by Mattsson subject to three (3) months notice. Termination by the Company shall be subject to six (6) months notice. The Company shall, however, always comply with the notice period provided for in the applicable collective bargaining agreement, if such notice period is longer.

 

  14.2 Should the Company terminate the employment in accordance with the Swedish Employment Protection Act (the “Act”), Mattsson’s obligations pursuant to Section 11 (Intellectual Property Rights) and 12 (Confidentiality) shall remain in full force.

 

15 Amendments and Waivers

This Agreement may only be amended by an instrument in writing duly executed by the Parties.

 

4


Table of Contents
16 Governing Law and Disputes

This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Sweden.

 

 

This Agreement has been duly executed in two original copies, of which each of the Parties has taken one copy.

 

PLACE: Mölndal    PLACE: Mölndal
DATE: 14 February 2008    DATE: 14 February 2008

For Albireo AB

 

/s/ Olof Lungstrand

Olof Lungstrand

  

 

/s/ Jan Mattson

Jan Mattsson

 

5


Table of Contents

Appendix 4.2

Bonus Arrangement

Mattsson will be eligible for a discretionary annual bonus from the Company that will be linked to the achievement of annual performance targets identified for him. Annual performance targets will be agreed between Mattsson and his reporting manager at the beginning of each bonus year. The bonus will be calculated as a percentage of Mattsson’s yearly basic salary and will be paid by the Company as a cash bonus and/or as an additional pension payment. Payment of any bonus pursuant to this bonus arrangement shall be made during the month of January the year following the bonus year during which the bonus entitlement ha accrued (the “Payment Date”).

For the year 2008, Mattsson will receive a maximum bonus corresponding to up to 27% of Mattsson’s yearly basic salary if all annual performance targets are met.

The Company and Mattsson shall agree on the allocation between cash and pension payments not less than four weeks prior to the Payment Date. The Company will pay pension premiums in accordance with the ITP 1-pension plan based on all cash bonus payments (the “ITP 1 Pension Payments”). Any bonus amounts agreed between the Company and Mattsson to be paid as an additional pension payment (not being an ITP 1 Pension Payment) shall be paid as a one-time pension premium under a pension insurance specified by Mattsson.

Any bonus payment under this bonus arrangement is conditional upon (i) Mattsson continuing to be employed by the Company on the Payment Date, and that neither the Company or Mattsson has given notice of termination of employment on or prior to the Payment Date, and (ii) that Mattsson’s performance the year during which bonus entitlement ha accrued has been to the satisfaction of the Company.

For the year 2008, the total bonus amount payable under this bonus arrangement shall be pro rated on a daily basis for the period between 1 January 2008 and the date of this Agreement. The total bonus amount payable shall accordingly be reduced by an amount corresponding to up to 27% of Mattsson’s annual basic salary, multiplied by the number of days having passed between 1 January 2008 and the date of this Agreement, and divided by 365.

The Company reserves the right to amend or cancel the bonus plan at its own discretion.

 

6

Exhibit 10.5

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of this 4th day of August 2016 by and between Albireo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Thomas A. Shea (the “ Executive ”), effective as of July 18, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”).

RECITALS

The Company desires to employ the Executive and the Executive desires to be employed on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. In consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby agree:

1. Employment . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company hereby offers and the Executive hereby accepts employment.

2. Term . This Agreement will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with Section 5. The term of this Agreement is hereafter referred to as “ the term of this Agreement ” or “ the term hereof .”

3. Capacity and Performance .

(a) During the term hereof, the Executive shall serve the Company and the ultimate parent company for the Albireo group of companies (“ Parent ”) as Chief Financial Officer. In addition, and without further compensation, the Executive shall serve as a director and/or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the Company’s Affiliates if so elected or appointed from time to time.

(b) During the term hereof, the Executive shall be employed by the Company on a full-time basis and shall perform the duties and responsibilities of his position and such other duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company and its Affiliates as reasonably may be designated from time to time by the Chief Executive Officer of Parent (the “ CEO ”). The Executive’s principal work location shall be in Boston, MA, subject to such business travel as is customary for Executive’s position and, in particular, to regular travel to the offices of the Company’s Affiliate in Sweden.

(c) During the term hereof, the Executive shall devote his full business time and his best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the


advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. The Executive shall not engage in any other business activity or serve in any industry, trade, professional, governmental or academic position during the term of this Agreement, except as may be expressly approved in advance by the CEO in writing; provided, however, that the Executive may without advance consent participate in charitable activities and passive personal investment activities, provided that such activities do not, individually or in the aggregate, interfere with the performance of the Executive’s duties under this Agreement, are not in conflict with the business interests of the Company or any of its Affiliates and do not violate Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Agreement.

(d) During the term hereof, the Executive shall comply with all Company policies, practices and procedures and all codes of ethics or business conduct applicable to the Executive’s position, as in effect from time to time.

4. Compensation and Benefits . As compensation for all services performed by the Executive hereunder during the term hereof, and subject to performance of the Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise:

(a) Base Salary . During the term of this Agreement, the Company shall pay the Executive a base salary at the rate of Three Hundred Twenty Thousand Dollars ($320,000) per year, payable monthly in equal amounts in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company as in effect from time to time and subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Parent’s board of directors (the “ Board ”), in its sole discretion. Such base salary, as from time to time adjusted, is hereafter referred to as the “ Base Salary .” The Executive hereby consents to the direct deposit of any payments made by the Company under this Agreement into his designated U.S. bank account, and agrees to complete the paperwork necessary to allow for such direct deposit.

(b) Annual Bonus Compensation . For each fiscal year completed during the term hereof, prorated for the partial initial fiscal year of employment, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by the Company (or Parent) for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The Executive’s annual target bonus shall be thirty-five percent (35%) of the Base Salary, subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Board in its sole discretion (the “ Target Bonus ”), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by the Board (or, to the extent permitted or required by applicable law, regulation or stock exchange requirement, a compensation or remuneration committee thereof) or the CEO in accordance with applicable performance criteria reasonably established by the Board. In order to earn an annual bonus under this Section 4(b) for any fiscal year, the Executive must be employed by the Company on the last date of the applicable fiscal year. Any annual bonus payable hereunder will be paid at the same time


as such bonuses are paid to similarly situated Company executives, but in no event later than two and one-half months following the end of the fiscal year for which the bonus is earned.

(c) Vacations . During the term hereof, the Executive shall be entitled to four (4) weeks of vacation per annum, accrued ratably, to be taken at such times and intervals as shall be determined by the Executive, subject to the reasonable business needs of the Company. Vacation shall otherwise be governed by the policies of the Company, as in effect from time to time.

(d) Employee Benefit Plans . During the term hereof and subject to any contribution therefore generally required of similarly-situated employees of the Company, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in any and all Employee Benefit Plans from time to time in effect for similarly-situated employees of the Company generally, including any short-term disability plan, long term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan, except to the extent any Employee Benefit Plan provides for benefits otherwise provided to the Executive hereunder ( e.g ., a severance pay plan). Such participation shall be subject to (i) the terms of the applicable plan documents and (ii) generally applicable Company policies. For purposes of this Agreement, “Employee Benefit Plan” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(3) of ERISA, as amended from time to time. The Executive shall have no recourse against the Company under this Agreement in the event that the Company should alter, modify, add to or eliminate any or all of its Employee Benefit Plans.

(e) Business Expenses . The Company shall pay or reimburse the Executive for reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses incurred or paid by the Executive in the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to such reasonable substantiation and documentation and to travel and other policies as may be required by the Company from time to time.

(f) Stock Options . As soon as practicable after completion of the share exchange contemplated by the Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement dated July 13, 2016 by and among Albireo Limited, the sellers named therein and Biodel Inc. (the “ Share Exchange Agreement ”), the Executive shall receive a stock option grant exercisable for approximately 1% of the outstanding shares of Parent at an exercise price equal to the fair market value per share on the date of grant (determined by the Board or a compensation or remuneration committee thereof), subject to vesting and otherwise to the terms of the equity plan or program governing the grant. If the Share Exchange Agreement is terminated, or if the Share Exchange is not completed during 2016, the Executive will instead receive a comparable equity-based award of Parent. All rights to purchase capital stock (e.g., stock options, compensatory warrants, restricted stock or the like) of Company or Parent held by the Executive from to time (collectively, “ Options ”) that are outstanding prior to a Change of Control (as defined below) shall, to the extent unvested or subject to vesting-like restrictions, be fully vested and exercisable (and any vesting-like restrictions shall lapse in full) in the case of each such Option (i) at the time set forth in the equity plan or program under which such Option was granted (and in accordance with the terms of such


plan or program) or (ii) if earlier, upon the Change of Control. The foregoing sentence shall be (A) deemed incorporated into each option or similar agreement evidencing awards made to the Executive after the Effective Date and (B) without prejudice to the Executive’s right to any earlier acceleration of vesting, continued period of vesting or post-termination rights for the Executive provided for in the applicable plan or program under which such Option was granted or under applicable law.

5. Termination of Employment and Severance Benefits . The Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances:

(a) Death . In the event of the Executive’s death during the term hereof, the date of death shall be the date of termination, and the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated by the Executive in a notice received by the Company, to his estate: (i) any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, (ii) pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, (iii) any business expenses incurred by the Executive but unreimbursed on the date of termination, provided that such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within sixty (60) days following termination, that such expenses are reimbursable under Company policy, and that any such expenses subject to Section 5(f)(iv) shall be paid not later than the deadline specified therein; and (iv) any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs (all of the foregoing, payable subject to the timing limitations described herein, “ Final Compensation ”). The Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of death.

(b) Disability .

(i) The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder, upon notice to the Executive, in the event that the Executive becomes disabled during his employment hereunder through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder (notwithstanding the provision of any reasonable accommodation) for one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, whether or not consecutive. In the event of such termination, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for payment of any Final Compensation due the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.


(ii) The Board may designate another employee to act in the Executive’s place during any period of the Executive’s disability. Notwithstanding any such designation, the Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and to participate in Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d), to the extent permitted by the then-current terms of the applicable Employee Benefit Plans, until the Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under the Company’s disability income plan, if any, or until the termination of his employment, whichever shall first occur. While receiving disability income payments under any Company’s disability income plan, the Executive shall not be entitled to receive any Base Salary under Section 4(a), but shall continue to participate in the Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d) and to the extent permitted by and subject to the then-current terms of such plans, until the termination of his employment hereunder.

(iii) If any question shall arise as to whether the Executive is disabled through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature so as to be unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Executive may, and at the request of the Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom the Executive or his duly appointed guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether the Executive is disabled, and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive. If such question shall arise and the Executive shall fail to submit to such medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on the Executive.

(c) By the Company for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. The following, as determined by the Board in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute Cause for termination:

(i) The Executive’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, the Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such failure or negligence by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances;

(ii) Conduct by the Executive that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates;

(iii) The Executive’s commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, (A) a felony or (B) other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(iv) The Executive’s material breach of this Agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between the Executive and the Company or any of its


Affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that the Executive has to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such breach by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances.

Upon the giving of notice of termination of the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for any Final Compensation due to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

(d) By the Company Other Than for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive. In the event of such termination, in addition to any Final Compensation due to the Executive, the Executive will be entitled to the following (the “ Severance Benefits ”):

(i) the Company will pay the Executive severance pay, at the same rate as the Base Salary, for twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (the “ Severance Period ”);

(ii) during the Severance Period, provided the Executive elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA), the Company will pay the Executive a monthly taxable amount equal to the portion of the Executive’s health insurance premiums that the Company paid immediately prior to the date of termination (the “ Monthly Contribution ”); and

(iii) if such termination occurs concurrent with or within twelve (12) months following, or in connection with but within the three (3) months prior to, a Change of Control, the Company will pay the Executive an amount equal to his then current Target Bonus, payable in substantially equal monthly installments during the Severance Period.

Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment. Any obligation of the Company to provide the Severance Benefits is conditioned, however, on the Executive signing and returning to the Company (without revoking) a timely and effective general release of claims in the form (which shall be provided by the Company within seven (7) days following the date of termination, which shall exclude nonwaivable claims and the Executive’s rights to Final Compensation and which shall not require the Executive to agree to post-employment obligations not specifically set forth in this Agreement) by the deadline specified therein, all of which (including the lapse of the period for revoking the release of claims as specified in the release of claims) shall have occurred no later than


the sixtieth (60th) calendar day following the date of termination (any such separation agreement submitted by such deadline, the “ Release of Claims ”) and on the Executive’s continued compliance in material respects with the obligations of the Executive to the Company and its Affiliates that survive termination of his employment, including without limitation under Sections 7, 8 and 9 of this Agreement. Subject to Section 5(g) below, all Severance Benefits to which the Executive is entitled hereunder shall be payable in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company, with the first payment, which shall be retroactive to the day immediately following the date the Executive’s employment terminated, being due and payable on the Company’s next regular payday for executives that follows the effective date of the Release of Claims. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the time period to consider, return and revoke the Release of Claims covers two of the Executive’s taxable years, any portion of the Severance Benefits that constitutes deferred compensation subject to Section 409A (as defined below) shall in all events be paid in the later taxable year. The Release of Claims required for Severance Benefits in accordance with this Section 5(d) creates legally binding obligations on the part of the Executive and the Company therefore advises the Executive to seek the advice of an attorney before signing the Release of Claims.

(e) By the Executive for Good Reason . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder for Good Reason by (A) providing notice to the Company specifying in reasonable detail the condition giving rise to the Good Reason no later than the thirtieth (30th) day following the occurrence of that condition; (B) providing the Company a period of thirty (30) days to remedy the condition and so specifying in the notice and (C) terminating his employment for Good Reason within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the period to remedy if the Company fails to remedy the condition. The following, if occurring without the Executive’s consent, shall constitute “ Good Reason ” for termination by the Executive:

(i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of the Executive’s title, duties, authority or responsibilities;

(ii) a requirement that the Executive relocate his principal work location to a location more than thirty (30) miles outside of Boston, MA; or

(iii) a material reduction in Base Salary.

In the event of a termination of employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Executive will be entitled to receive the Severance Benefits he would have been entitled to receive had he been terminated by the Company other than for Cause pursuant to Section 5(d) above, provided that the Executive signs and returns (without revoking) a timely and effective Release of Claims as set forth in Section 5(d).

(f) By the Executive . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder at any time upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Company. In the event of termination of the Executive’s employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Board may elect to waive the period of notice, or any portion thereof, and, if the


Board so elects, the Company will pay the Executive the Base Salary for the period so waived. The Company shall also pay the Executive any Final Compensation due him (other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii)) at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of the termination of employment.

(g) Timing of Payments and Section 409A .

(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if at the time of the Executive’s termination of employment, the Executive is a “specified employee,” as defined below, any and all amounts payable under this Section 5 on account of such separation from service that constitute deferred compensation and would (but for this provision) be payable within six (6) months following the date of termination, shall instead be paid on the next business day following the expiration of such six (6) month period or, if earlier, upon the Executive’s death; except (A) to the extent of amounts that do not constitute a deferral of compensation within the meaning of Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(b) (including without limitation by reason of the safe harbor set forth in Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii), as determined by the Company in its reasonable good faith discretion); (B) benefits that qualify as excepted welfare benefits pursuant to Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5); or (C) other amounts or benefits that are not subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (“ Section 409A ”).

(ii) For purposes of this Agreement, all references to “termination of employment” and correlative phrases shall be construed to require a “separation from service” (as defined in Section 1.409A-1(h) of the Treasury regulations after giving effect to the presumptions contained therein), and the term “specified employee” means an individual determined by the Company to be a specified employee under Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(i).

(iii) Each payment made under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment and the right to a series of installment payments under this Agreement is to be treated as a right to a series of separate payments.

(iv) Any payment of or reimbursement for expenses that would constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section 409A shall be subject to the following additional rules: (i) no reimbursement or payment of any such expense shall affect the Executive’s right to reimbursement or payment of any such expense in any other calendar year; (ii) reimbursement or payment of the expense shall be made, if at all, promptly, but not later than the end of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred; and (iii) the right to reimbursement or payment shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for any other benefit.

(v) In no event shall the Company have any liability relating to the failure or alleged failure of any payment or benefit under this Agreement to comply with, or be exempt from, the requirements of Section 409A.


(h) Exclusive Right to Severance . The Executive agrees that the Severance Benefits to be provided to him in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement are intended to be exclusive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits. The Executive hereby knowingly and voluntarily waives any right he might otherwise have to participate in or receive benefits under any other plan, program or policy of the Company providing for severance or termination pay or benefits.

6. Effect of Termination . The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of the Executive’s employment under this Agreement, whether pursuant to Section 5 or otherwise.

(a) Provision by the Company of Final Compensation and Severance Benefits, if any, that are due the Executive in each case under the applicable termination provision of Section 5 shall constitute the entire obligation of the Company to the Executive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits.

(b) Except for any right of the Executive to continue group health plan participation in accordance with applicable law, the Executive’s participation in all Employee Benefit Plans shall terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan documents based on the date of termination of the Executive’s employment without regard to any Base Salary for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof or to any Severance Benefits or other payment made to or on behalf of the Executive following such date of termination.

(c) Provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination of the Executive’s employment if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable fully to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation the obligations of the Executive under Sections 7, 8 and 9. The obligation of the Company to provide Severance Benefits hereunder, and Executive’s right to retain such payments, is expressly conditioned on the Executive’s continued compliance in all material respects with Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive recognizes that, except as expressly provided in Section 5(d) or Section 5(e), or with respect to Base Salary paid for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e), no cash compensation or benefits will be earned after termination of employment.

7. Confidential Information .

(a) The Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information, that the Executive will develop Confidential Information for the Company or its Affiliates and that the Executive will


learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment. The Executive agrees that all Confidential Information which the Executive creates or to which he has access as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or any of its Affiliates is and shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company or its Affiliate, as applicable. The Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall never disclose to any Person (except as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of his duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates), or use for his own benefit or gain or the benefit or gain of any other Person, any Confidential Information obtained by the Executive incident to his employment or any other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. The Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after his employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. Further, the Executive agrees to furnish prompt notice to the Company of any required disclosure of Confidential Information sought pursuant to subpoena, court order or any other legal process or requirement, and agrees to provide the Company a reasonable opportunity to seek protection of the Confidential Information prior to any such disclosure. The confidentiality obligation under this Section 7 shall not apply to information that has become generally known through no wrongful act on the part of the Executive or any other Person having an obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Agreement limits, restricts or in any other way affects the Executive from communicating with any governmental agency or entity, or communicating with any official or staff person of a governmental agency or entity, concerning matters relevant to the governmental agency or entity.

(b) All documents, records, tapes and other media of every kind and description relating to the business, present or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Affiliates and any copies or derivatives (including without limitation electronic), in whole or in part, thereof (the “ Documents ”), whether or not prepared by the Executive, shall be the sole and exclusive property of the Company and its Affiliates. Except in the proper performance of the Executive’s regular duties for the Company or as expressly authorized in writing in advance by the Board or its expressly authorized designee, the Executive will not copy any Documents or remove any Documents or copies or derivatives thereof from the premises of the Company. The Executive shall safeguard all Documents and shall surrender to the Company at the time his employment terminates, and at such earlier time or times as the Board or its designee may specify, all Documents and other property of the Company or any of its Affiliates and all documents, records and files of the customers and other Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates does business (“ Third Party Documents ”) and each individually a “ Third Party Document ”) then in the Executive’s possession or control; provided, however, that if a Document or Third-Party Document is on electronic media, the Executive may, in lieu of surrendering the Document or Third-Party Document, provide a copy to the Company on electronic media and delete and overwrite all other electronic media copies thereof. The Executive also agrees that, upon request of any duly authorized officer of the Company, the Executive shall disclose all passwords and passcodes necessary or desirable to enable the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates do business to obtain access to the Documents and Third-Party Documents.


8. Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property . The Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Intellectual Property to the Company. The Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) the Executive’s full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property. The Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by the Company to assign the Intellectual Property to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) and to permit the Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. The Executive will not charge the Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that the Executive creates shall be considered “work made for hire” and shall, upon creation, be owned exclusively by the Company.

9. Restricted Activities . The Executive agrees that the following restrictions on his activities during and after his employment are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates:

(a) While the Executive is employed by the Company and during the twelve (12) month period following the date his employment terminates (or, in the case of a termination of employment by the Executive pursuant to Section 5(e), during the twelve (12) month period following the date, no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of termination, when the Executive provides written notice of termination to the Company), regardless of the reason therefore (in the aggregate, the “ Restricted Period ”), the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, whether as owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, employee, co-venturer or otherwise, engage in any Competitive Business Activities in any geographic area in which the Company or any of its Affiliates engages in any business activity or is actively planning to engage in any business activity at any time during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (the “ Restricted Area ”). Specifically, but without limiting the foregoing, the Executive agrees not to work or provide services, in any capacity in the Restricted Area, whether as an employee, independent contractor or otherwise, whether with or without compensation, to any Person who is engaged in the business of developing, marketing or selling (i) therapeutic drugs to treat liver disease or constipation or (ii) any other drug that has a therapeutic purpose that is the same or substantially similar to the therapeutic purpose of any drug that the Company or any of its Affiliates is developing, marketing or selling during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (“ Competitive Business Activities ”). Nothing in this Section 9(a), however, shall prevent the Executive’s passive ownership of two (2) percent or less of the equity securities of any publicly traded company.


(b) The Executive agrees that, during his employment with the Company, he will not undertake any outside activity, whether or not competitive with the business of the Company or its Affiliates that could reasonably give rise to a conflict of interest or otherwise interfere with any of his duties or obligations to the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(c) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period, he will not directly or indirectly: (i) solicit or encourage any customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; or (ii) seek to persuade any such customer or business partner or any prospective customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to conduct with anyone else any business or activity which such customer or business partner conducts, or such prospective customer or business partner could conduct, with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply (A) only with respect to those Persons who are or have been a customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two (2)-year period or whose business has been solicited on behalf of the Company or any of the Affiliates by any of their officers, employees or agents within such two (2)-year period, other than by form letter, blanket mailing or published advertisement, and (B) only if the Executive has performed work for such Person during his employment with the Company or one of its Affiliates or been introduced to, or otherwise had contact with, such Person as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or one of its Affiliates or has had access to Confidential Information which would assist in the Executive’s solicitation of such Person.

(d) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period (excluding any activities undertaken on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates in the course of his duties hereunder), the Executive will not, and will not assist any other Person to, (i) hire, engage or solicit for hiring or engagement any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates or seek to persuade any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue employment or (ii) solicit or encourage any independent contractor providing services to the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply only to employees and independent contractors who have provided services to the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two-(2) year period.

10. Enforcement of Covenants . The Executive acknowledges that he has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon him pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive agrees without reservation that each of the restraints contained herein is necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates; that each and every one of these restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, length of time and geographic area; and that these restraints, individually or in the aggregate, will not prevent him from obtaining other suitable employment during the


period in which the Executive is bound by them. The Executive further agrees that he will never assert, or permit to be asserted on his behalf, in any forum, any position contrary to the foregoing. The Executive further acknowledges that, were he to breach any of the covenants contained in Sections 7, 8 or 9, the damage to the Company and its Affiliates would be irreparable. The Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any of said covenants, without having to post bond, and will additionally be entitled to an award of attorney’s fees incurred in connection with securing any relief hereunder. The parties further agree that, in the event that any provision of Section 7, 8 or 9 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. The Executive agrees that the Restricted Period shall be tolled, and shall not run, during any period of time in which he is in violation of the terms thereof, in order that the Company and its Affiliates shall have all of the agreed-upon temporal protection recited herein. No breach of any provision of this Agreement by the Company, or any other claimed breach of contract or violation of law, or change in the nature or scope of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company, shall operate to extinguish the Executive’s obligation to comply with Sections 7, 8 and 9. Each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of the Executive’s obligations to that Affiliate under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to Section 7, 8 or 9.

11. No Conflicting Agreements . The Executive hereby represents and warrants that the execution of this Agreement and the performance of his obligations hereunder will not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which the Executive is a party or is bound and that the Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any other obligations to any Person or to any court order, judgment or decree that would affect the performance of his obligations hereunder. The Executive will not disclose to or use on behalf of the Company any proprietary information of a third party without such party’s consent.

12. Definitions . Capitalized words or phrases shall have the meanings provided in this Section 12 and as provided elsewhere herein:

(a) “ Affiliate ” means any person or entity directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by either management authority or equity interest.

(b) “ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.


(c) “ Change of Control ” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Plan planned to be effective in 2016, as may be amended from time to time, which meaning is incorporated herein by reference as if restated in its entirety; provided that, if the Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Plan has not become effective as of the date of grant of the first Option granted to the Executive after the Effective Date, Change of Control shall instead have the meaning ascribed to such term in the plan or program governing such first Option, as such plan or program may be amended from time to time, and such meaning shall instead be incorporated herein by reference as if restated in its entirety.

(d) “ Confidential Information ” means any and all information of the Company and its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, and any and all information, publicly known in whole or in part or not, which, if disclosed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, would assist in competition against any of them. Confidential Information includes without limitation such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing and financial activities of the Company and its Affiliates, (ii) the Products, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance and strategic plans of the Company and its Affiliates, (iv) the identity and special needs of the patients of the Company and its Affiliates and (v) the people and organizations with whom the Company and its Affiliates have business relationships and the nature and substance of those relationships. Confidential Information also includes information that the Company or any of its Affiliates has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to others or that was received by the Company or any of its Affiliates with any understanding, express or implied, that it would not be disclosed.

(e) “ Intellectual Property ” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by the Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during the Executive’s employment and during the period of six (6) months immediately following termination of his employment that relate either to the Services or to any prospective activity of the Company or any of its Affiliates or that result from any work performed by the Executive for the Company or any of its Affiliates or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(f) “ Person ” means a natural person, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust and any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(g) “ Products ” means all products planned, researched, developed, tested, sold, licensed, leased, or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company or any of its Affiliates, together with all services provided or otherwise planned by the Company or any of its Affiliates, during the Executive’s employment.


13. Withholding . All payments made by the Company under this Agreement shall be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company under applicable law.

14. Section 280G .

(a) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (“ Section 280G ”)) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the payments provided under this Agreement, either alone or together with other payments or benefits which the Executive receives or is entitled to receive from the Company or Parent (collectively, the “ Total Payments ”), could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Code Section 280G, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to seek shareholder approval of the Total Payments in a manner that satisfies the requirements of the “shareholder approval” exception to Section 280G, such that, if approved, all Total Payments may be made to the Executive without the application of the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.

(b) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the Total Payments could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive (i) an amount limited (to the minimum extent necessary) so that no portion of the Total Payments shall be non-deductible for US federal income taxes by reason of Section 280G (the “ Limited Amount ”), or (ii) if the amount of the Total Payments (without regard to clause (i)) reduced by the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “ Excise Tax ”) and the amount of all other applicable federal, state and local taxes (with income taxes all computed at the highest applicable marginal rate) is greater than the Limited Amount reduced by the amount of all taxes applicable thereto (with income taxes all computed at the highest marginal rate), the amount of the Total Payments otherwise payable without regard to clause (i). If it is determined that the Limited Amount will maximize the Employee’s after-tax proceeds, the Total Payments shall be reduced to equal the Limited Amount in the following order: (i) first, by reducing cash severance payments that are exempt from Section 409A, (ii) second, by reducing other payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and to which Q&A 24(c) of Section 1.280G-1 of the Treasury Regulations does not apply, (iii) third, by reducing all remaining payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and (iv) finally,


by reducing payments and benefits that are subject to Section 409A, in each case, with all such reductions done on a pro rata basis. All determinations made pursuant this Section 14 will be made at the Company’s or its Affiliates’ expense by an accounting firm or consulting group with experience in performing calculations regarding the applicability of Section 280G and Section 4999 of the Code selected by the Company for such purpose (the “ Independent Advisors ”). For purposes of such determinations, no portion of the Total Payments shall be taken into account which, in the opinion of the Company and its legal advisors, (y) does not constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (including by reason of Section 280G(b)(4)(A) of the Code) or (z) constitutes reasonable compensation for services actually rendered, within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4)(B) of the Code, in excess of the “base amount” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code) allocable to such reasonable compensation. In the event it is later determined that (A) a greater reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the excess amount shall be returned immediately by the Executive to the Company or (B) a lesser reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the additional amount shall be paid immediately by Parent, the Company, or any Affiliate of Parent or the Company, as applicable, to the Executive.

15. Assignment . Neither the Company nor the Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that (a) the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Executive to one of its Affiliates, or in the event that the Company or Parent shall hereafter effect a reorganization with, consolidate with, or merge into, an Affiliate or any Person or transfer or have transferred all or substantially all of its properties, outstanding stock, or assets to an Affiliate or any Person and (b) in the event that all of the Company’s rights and obligations under this Agreement are assigned pursuant to this Section 15, each reference to Company herein shall be deemed from and after such assignment instead to be a reference the assignee. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Executive, and their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns.

16. Severability . If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.


17. Waiver . No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of either party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

18. Notices . Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in person, consigned to a reputable national courier service or deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, and addressed to the Executive at his last known address on the books of the Company or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the CEO, or to such other address as either party may specify by notice to the other actually received.

19. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes and terminates all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company.

20. Amendment . This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by the Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of the Company.

21. Headings . The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement.

22. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

23. Governing Law . This is a Massachusetts contract and shall be construed and enforced under and be governed in all respects by the laws of Massachusetts, without regard to any conflict of laws principles that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction.

[The remainder of this page has been left blank intentionally.]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as a sealed instrument by the Company, by its duly authorized representative, and by the Executive, as of the date first above written.

 

THE EXECUTIVE:      THE COMPANY:

/s/ Thomas A. Shea

     By:   /s/ Ron Cooper                                        
     Name:   Ron Cooper                                        
     Title:    President & CEO                                

Exhibit 10.6

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of this 6th day of September 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”) by and between Albireo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Paresh N. Soni (the “ Executive ”).

RECITALS

The Company desires to employ the Executive and the Executive desires to be employed on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. In consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby agree:

1. Employment . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company hereby offers and the Executive hereby accepts employment.

2. Term . This Agreement will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with Section 5. The term of this Agreement is hereafter referred to as “ the term of this Agreement ” or “ the term hereof .”

3. Capacity and Performance .

(a) During the term hereof, the Executive shall serve the Company and the ultimate parent company for the Albireo group of companies (“ Parent ”) as Chief Medical Officer. In addition, and without further compensation, the Executive shall serve as a director and/or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the Company’s Affiliates if so elected or appointed from time to time.

(b) During the term hereof, the Executive shall be employed by the Company on a full-time basis and shall perform the duties and responsibilities of his position and such other duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company and its Affiliates as reasonably may be designated from time to time by the Chief Executive Officer of Parent (the “ CEO ”). The Executive’s principal work location shall be in Boston, MA, subject to such business travel as is customary for Executive’s position and, in particular, to regular travel to the offices of the Company’s Affiliate in Sweden.

(c) During the term hereof, the Executive shall devote his full business time and his best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. The Executive shall not engage in any other business activity or serve in any industry, trade, professional, governmental or academic position during the term of this Agreement, except as may be expressly approved in advance by the CEO in writing; provided, however, that the Executive may without advance consent (i) participate in charitable activities and passive personal investment activities and (ii) provide consulting services to the law firm representing Amarin Pharma, Inc. in connection with patent litigation related to patents listed for Amarin’s Vascepa drug product, provided that any such activities do not, individually or in the aggregate, interfere with the performance of the Executive’s duties under this Agreement, are not in conflict with the business interests of the Company or any of its Affiliates and do not violate Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Agreement.


(d) During the term hereof, the Executive shall comply with all Company policies, practices and procedures and all codes of ethics or business conduct applicable to the Executive’s position, as in effect from time to time.

4. Compensation and Benefits . As compensation for all services performed by the Executive hereunder during the term hereof, and subject to performance of the Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise:

(a) Base Salary . During the term of this Agreement, the Company shall pay the Executive a base salary at the rate of Three Hundred Seventy-Five Thousand Dollars ($375,000) per year, payable monthly in equal amounts in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company as in effect from time to time and subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Parent’s board of directors (the “ Board ”), in its sole discretion. Such base salary, as from time to time adjusted, is hereafter referred to as the “ Base Salary .” The Executive hereby consents to the direct deposit of any payments made by the Company under this Agreement into his designated U.S. bank account, and agrees to complete the paperwork necessary to allow for such direct deposit.

(b) Annual Bonus Compensation . For each fiscal year completed during the term hereof, prorated for the partial initial fiscal year of employment, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by the Company (or Parent) for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The Executive’s annual target bonus shall be thirty-five percent (35%) of the Base Salary, subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Board in its sole discretion (the “ Target Bonus ”), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by the Board (or, to the extent permitted or required by applicable law, regulation or stock exchange requirement, a compensation or remuneration committee thereof) or the CEO in accordance with applicable performance criteria reasonably established by the Board. In order to earn an annual bonus under this Section 4(b) for any fiscal year, the Executive must be employed by the Company on the last date of the applicable fiscal year. Any annual bonus payable hereunder will be paid at the same time as such bonuses are paid to similarly situated Company executives, but in no event later than two and one-half months following the end of the fiscal year for which the bonus is earned.

(c) Vacations . During the term hereof, the Executive shall be entitled to four (4) weeks of vacation per annum, accrued ratably, to be taken at such times and intervals as shall be determined by the Executive, subject to the reasonable business needs of the Company. Vacation shall otherwise be governed by the policies of the Company, as in effect from time to time.

(d) Employee Benefit Plans . During the term hereof and subject to any contribution therefore generally required of similarly-situated employees of the Company, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in any and all Employee Benefit Plans from time to time in effect for similarly-situated employees of the Company generally, including any short-term

 

2


disability plan, long term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan, except to the extent any Employee Benefit Plan provides for benefits otherwise provided to the Executive hereunder ( e.g ., a severance pay plan). Such participation shall be subject to (i) the terms of the applicable plan documents and (ii) generally applicable Company policies. For purposes of this Agreement, “ Employee Benefit Plan ” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(3) of ERISA, as amended from time to time. The Executive shall have no recourse against the Company under this Agreement in the event that the Company should alter, modify, add to or eliminate any or all of its Employee Benefit Plans.

(e) Business Expenses . The Company shall pay or reimburse the Executive for reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses incurred or paid by the Executive in the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to such reasonable substantiation and documentation and to travel and other policies as may be required by the Company from time to time.

(f) Stock Options . As soon as practicable after completion of the share exchange contemplated by the Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement dated July 13, 2016 by and among Albireo Limited, the sellers named therein and Biodel Inc. (the “ Share Exchange Agreement ”), the Executive shall receive a stock option grant exercisable for approximately 1.3% of the outstanding shares of Parent at an exercise price equal to the fair market value per share on the date of grant (determined by the Board or a compensation or remuneration committee thereof), subject to vesting and otherwise to the terms of the equity plan or program governing the grant. If the Share Exchange Agreement is terminated, or if the Share Exchange is not completed during 2016, the Executive will instead receive a comparable equity-based award of Parent. All rights to purchase capital stock (e.g., stock options, compensatory warrants, restricted stock or the like) of Company or Parent held by the Executive from to time (collectively, “Options”) that are outstanding prior to a Change of Control (as defined below) shall, to the extent unvested or subject to vesting-like restrictions, be fully vested and exercisable (and any vesting-like restrictions shall lapse in full) in the case of each such Option (i) at the time set forth in the equity plan or program under which such Option was granted (and in accordance with the terms of such plan or program) or (ii) if earlier, upon the Change of Control. The foregoing sentence shall be (A) deemed incorporated into each option or similar agreement evidencing awards made to the Executive after the Effective Date and (B) without prejudice to the Executive’s right to any earlier acceleration of vesting, continued period of vesting or post-termination rights for the Executive provided for in the applicable plan or program under which such Option was granted or under applicable law.

(g) Transition Expenses .

(i) The Company will pay directly, or reimburse the Executive for, Transition Expenses (as defined on Exhibit A ), to the extent (A) actually and reasonably incurred by the Executive and (B) set forth on, and subject to the terms of, Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein as if restated in its entirety.

 

3


(ii) The Executive understands that any or all of the Transition Expenses paid or reimbursed by the Company may constitute taxable compensation for the Executive subject to withholding and applicable deductions and, in such event, will be reported on Form W-2 as part of the Executive’s total compensation.

(iii) Because it would be inequitable for the Company to bear the Transition Expenses if, within eighteen (18) months after the Effective Date, (A) the Executive voluntarily terminates his employment with the Company or (B) the Company terminates the Executive’s employment for Cause (such a termination (clause (A) or (B)), a “ Termination ”), in the event of a Termination, (1) the Executive shall repay to the Company, within five (5) days after the Termination, all Transition Expenses previously paid or reimbursed by the Company and (2) the Company shall have the right to deduct and offset the amount of all Transition Expenses previously paid or reimbursed thereby from any salary, bonus, vacation or other compensation to which the Executive would otherwise be entitled and the Executive shall remain obligated for any shortfall.

5. Termination of Employment and Severance Benefits . The Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances:

(a) Death . In the event of the Executive’s death during the term hereof, the date of death shall be the date of termination, and the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated by the Executive in a notice received by the Company, to his estate: (i) any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, (ii) pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, (iii) any business expenses incurred by the Executive but unreimbursed on the date of termination, provided that such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within sixty (60) days following termination, that such expenses are reimbursable under Company policy, and that any such expenses subject to Section 5(f)(iv) shall be paid not later than the deadline specified therein; and (iv) any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs (all of the foregoing, payable subject to the timing limitations described herein, “ Final Compensation ”). The Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a) (iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of death.

(b) Disability .

(i) The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder, upon notice to the Executive, in the event that the Executive becomes disabled during his employment hereunder through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder (notwithstanding the provision of any reasonable accommodation) for one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, whether or not consecutive. In the event of such termination, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for payment of any Final Compensation due the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

 

4


(ii) The Board may designate another employee to act in the Executive’s place during any period of the Executive’s disability. Notwithstanding any such designation, the Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and to participate in Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d), to the extent permitted by the then-current terms of the applicable Employee Benefit Plans, until the Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under the Company’s disability income plan, if any, or until the termination of his employment, whichever shall first occur. While receiving disability income payments under any Company’s disability income plan, the Executive shall not be entitled to receive any Base Salary under Section 4(a), but shall continue to participate in the Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d) and to the extent permitted by and subject to the then-current terms of such plans, until the termination of his employment hereunder.

(iii) If any question shall arise as to whether the Executive is disabled through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature so as to be unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Executive may, and at the request of the Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom the Executive or his duly appointed guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether the Executive is disabled, and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive. If such question shall arise and the Executive shall fail to submit to such medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on the Executive.

(c) By the Company for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. The following, as determined by the Board in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute Cause for termination:

(i) The Executive’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, the Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such failure or negligence by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances;

(ii) Conduct by the Executive that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates;

(iii) The Executive’s commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, (A) a felony or (B) other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(iv) The Executive’s material breach of this Agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between the Executive and the Company or any of its Affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that the Executive has to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such breach by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances.

 

5


Upon the giving of notice of termination of the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for any Final Compensation due to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a) (iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

(d) By the Company Other Than for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive. In the event of such termination, in addition to any Final Compensation due to the Executive, the Executive will be entitled to the following (the “ Severance Benefits ”):

(i) the Company will pay the Executive severance pay, at the same rate as the Base Salary, for twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (the “ Severance Period ”);

(ii) during the Severance Period, provided the Executive elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA), the Company will pay the Executive a monthly taxable amount equal to the portion of the Executive’s health insurance premiums that the Company paid immediately prior to the date of termination (the “ Monthly Contribution ”); and

(iii) if such termination occurs concurrent with or within twelve (12) months following, or in connection with but within the three (3) months prior to, a Change of Control, the Company will pay the Executive an amount equal to his then current Target Bonus, payable in substantially equal monthly installments during the Severance Period.

Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a) (iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment. Any obligation of the Company to provide the Severance Benefits is conditioned, however, on the Executive signing and returning to the Company (without revoking) a timely and effective general release of claims in the form (which shall be provided by the Company within seven (7) days following the date of termination, which shall exclude nonwaivable claims and the Executive’s rights to Final Compensation and which shall not require the Executive to agree to post-employment obligations not specifically set forth in this Agreement) by the deadline specified therein, all of which (including the lapse of the period for revoking the release of claims as specified in the release of claims) shall have occurred no later than the sixtieth (60th) calendar day following the date of termination (any such separation agreement submitted by such deadline, the “ Release of Claims ”) and on the Executive’s continued compliance in material respects with the obligations of the Executive to the Company and its Affiliates that survive termination of his employment, including without limitation under Sections 7, 8 and 9 of this Agreement. Subject to Section 5(g) below, all Severance Benefits to which the Executive is entitled hereunder shall be payable in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company, with the first payment, which shall be retroactive to the day immediately following the date the Executive’s employment terminated, being due and payable on the Company’s next regular payday for executives that follows the effective date of the Release of Claims. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the time period to consider, return and revoke the Release of Claims covers two of the Executive’s taxable years, any portion of the Severance Benefits that constitutes deferred compensation subject to Section 409A (as defined below) shall in all events be paid in the later taxable year. The Release of Claims required for Severance Benefits in accordance with this Section 5(d) creates legally binding obligations on the part of the Executive and the Company therefore advises the Executive to seek the advice of an attorney before signing the Release of Claims.

 

6


(e) By the Executive for Good Reason . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder for Good Reason by (A) providing notice to the Company specifying in reasonable detail the condition giving rise to the Good Reason no later than the thirtieth (30th) day following the occurrence of that condition; (B) providing the Company a period of thirty (30) days to remedy the condition and so specifying in the notice and (C) terminating his employment for Good Reason within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the period to remedy if the Company fails to remedy the condition. The following, if occurring without the Executive’s consent, shall constitute “ Good Reason ” for termination by the Executive:

(i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of the Executive’s title, duties, authority or responsibilities;

(ii) a requirement that the Executive relocate his principal work location to a location more than thirty (30) miles outside of Boston, MA; or

(iii) a material reduction in Base Salary.

In the event of a termination of employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Executive will be entitled to receive the Severance Benefits he would have been entitled to receive had he been terminated by the Company other than for Cause pursuant to Section 5(d) above, provided that the Executive signs and returns (without revoking) a timely and effective Release of Claims as set forth in Section 5(d).

(f) By the Executive . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder at any time upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Company. In the event of termination of the Executive’s employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Board may elect to waive the period of notice, or any portion thereof, and, if the Board so elects, the Company will pay the Executive the Base Salary for the period so waived. The Company shall also pay the Executive any Final Compensation due him (other than business expenses described in Section 5(a) (iii)) at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of the termination of employment.

(g) Timing of Payments and Section 409A .

(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if at the time of the Executive’s termination of employment, the Executive is a “specified employee,” as defined below, any and all amounts payable under this Section 5 on account of such separation from service that constitute deferred compensation and would (but for this provision) be payable within six (6) months following the date of termination, shall instead be paid on the next business day following the expiration of such six (6) month period or, if earlier, upon the Executive’s death; except (A) to the extent of amounts that do not constitute a deferral of compensation within the meaning of Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(b) (including without limitation by reason of the safe harbor set forth in Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii), as determined by the Company in its reasonable good faith discretion); (B) benefits that qualify as excepted welfare benefits pursuant to Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5); or (C) other amounts or benefits that are not subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (“ Section 409A ”).

 

7


(ii) For purposes of this Agreement, all references to “termination of employment” and correlative phrases shall be construed to require a “separation from service” (as defined in Section 1.409A-1(h) of the Treasury regulations after giving effect to the presumptions contained therein), and the term “specified employee” means an individual determined by the Company to be a specified employee under Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(i).

(iii) Each payment made under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment and the right to a series of installment payments under this Agreement is to be treated as a right to a series of separate payments.

(iv) Any payment of or reimbursement for expenses (including without limitation Transition Expenses) that would constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section 409A shall be subject to the following additional rules: (i) no reimbursement or payment of any such expense shall affect the Executive’s right to reimbursement or payment of any such expense in any other calendar year; (ii) reimbursement or payment of the expense shall be made, if at all, promptly, but not later than the end of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred; and (iii) the right to reimbursement or payment shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for any other benefit.

(v) In no event shall the Company have any liability relating to the failure or alleged failure of any payment or benefit under this Agreement to comply with, or be exempt from, the requirements of Section 409A.

(h) Exclusive Right to Severance . The Executive agrees that the Severance Benefits to be provided to him in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement are intended to be exclusive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits. The Executive hereby knowingly and voluntarily waives any right he might otherwise have to participate in or receive benefits under any other plan, program or policy of the Company providing for severance or termination pay or benefits.

6. Effect of Termination . The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of the Executive’s employment under this Agreement, whether pursuant to Section 5 or otherwise.

(a) Provision by the Company of Final Compensation and Severance Benefits, if any, that are due the Executive in each case under the applicable termination provision of Section 5 shall constitute the entire obligation of the Company to the Executive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits.

(b) Except for any right of the Executive to continue group health plan participation in accordance with applicable law, the Executive’s participation in all Employee Benefit Plans shall terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan documents based on the date of termination of the Executive’s employment without regard to any Base Salary for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof or to any Severance Benefits or other payment made to or on behalf of the Executive following such date of termination.

 

8


(c) Provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination of the Executive’s employment if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable fully to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation the obligations of the Executive under Sections 7, 8 and 9. The obligation of the Company to provide Severance Benefits hereunder, and Executive’s right to retain such payments, is expressly conditioned on the Executive’s continued compliance in all material respects with Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive recognizes that, except as expressly provided in Section 5(d) or Section 5(e), or with respect to Base Salary paid for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e), no cash compensation or benefits will be earned after termination of employment.

7. Confidential Information .

(a) The Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information, that the Executive will develop Confidential Information for the Company or its Affiliates and that the Executive will learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment. The Executive agrees that all Confidential Information which the Executive creates or to which he has access as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or any of its Affiliates is and shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company or its Affiliate, as applicable. The Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall never disclose to any Person (except as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of his duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates), or use for his own benefit or gain or the benefit or gain of any other Person, any Confidential Information obtained by the Executive incident to his employment or any other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. The Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after his employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. Further, the Executive agrees to furnish prompt notice to the Company of any required disclosure of Confidential Information sought pursuant to subpoena, court order or any other legal process or requirement, and agrees to provide the Company a reasonable opportunity to seek protection of the Confidential Information prior to any such disclosure. The confidentiality obligation under this Section 7 shall not apply to information that has become generally known through no wrongful act on the part of the Executive or any other Person having an obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Agreement limits, restricts or in any other way affects the Executive from communicating with any governmental agency or entity, or communicating with any official or staff person of a governmental agency or entity, concerning matters relevant to the governmental agency or entity.

 

9


(b) All documents, records, tapes and other media of every kind and description relating to the business, present or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Affiliates and any copies or derivatives (including without limitation electronic), in whole or in part, thereof (the “ Documents ”), whether or not prepared by the Executive, shall be the sole and exclusive property of the Company and its Affiliates. Except in the proper performance of the Executive’s regular duties for the Company or as expressly authorized in writing in advance by the Board or its expressly authorized designee, the Executive will not copy any Documents or remove any Documents or copies or derivatives thereof from the premises of the Company. The Executive shall safeguard all Documents and shall surrender to the Company at the time his employment terminates, and at such earlier time or times as the Board or its designee may specify, all Documents and other property of the Company or any of its Affiliates and all documents, records and files of the customers and other Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates does business (“ Third Party Documents ”) and each individually a “ Third Party Document ”) then in the Executive’s possession or control; provided, however, that if a Document or Third-Party Document is on electronic media, the Executive may, in lieu of surrendering the Document or Third-Party Document, provide a copy to the Company on electronic media and delete and overwrite all other electronic media copies thereof. The Executive also agrees that, upon request of any duly authorized officer of the Company, the Executive shall disclose all passwords and passcodes necessary or desirable to enable the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates do business to obtain access to the Documents and Third-Party Documents.

8. Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property . The Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Intellectual Property to the Company. The Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) the Executive’s full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property. The Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by the Company to assign the Intellectual Property to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) and to permit the Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. The Executive will not charge the Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that the Executive creates shall be considered “work made for hire” and shall, upon creation, be owned exclusively by the Company.

9. Restricted Activities . The Executive agrees that the following restrictions on his activities during and after his employment are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates:

(a) While the Executive is employed by the Company and during the twelve (12) month period following the date his employment terminates (or, in the case of a termination of employment by the Executive pursuant to Section 5(e), during the twelve (12) month period following the date, no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of termination, when the Executive provides written notice of termination to the Company), regardless of the reason therefore (in the aggregate, the “ Restricted Period ”), the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, whether as owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, employee, co-venturer or otherwise, engage in any Competitive Business Activities in any geographic area in which the Company or any of its Affiliates engages in any business activity or is actively planning to engage in any business activity at any time during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (the “ Restricted Area ”). Specifically, but without limiting the foregoing, the Executive agrees not to work or provide services, in any capacity in the Restricted Area, whether as an employee, independent contractor or otherwise, whether with or without compensation, to any Person who is engaged in the business of developing, marketing or selling any drug that has a therapeutic purpose that is the same or substantially similar to the therapeutic purpose of any drug that the Company or any of its Affiliates is developing (whether clinical or nonclinical development), marketing or selling during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (“ Competitive Business Activities ”). Nothing in this Section 9(a), however, shall prevent the Executive’s passive ownership of two (2) percent or less of the equity securities of any publicly traded company.

 

10


(b) The Executive agrees that, during his employment with the Company, he will not undertake any outside activity, whether or not competitive with the business of the Company or its Affiliates that could reasonably give rise to a conflict of interest or otherwise interfere with any of his duties for, or obligations to, the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(c) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period, he will not directly or indirectly: (i) solicit or encourage any customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; or (ii) seek to persuade any such customer or business partner or any prospective customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to conduct with anyone else any business or activity which such customer or business partner conducts, or such prospective customer or business partner could conduct, with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply (A) only with respect to those Persons who are or have been a customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two (2)-year period or whose business has been solicited on behalf of the Company or any of the Affiliates by any of their officers, employees or agents within such two (2)-year period, other than by form letter, blanket mailing or published advertisement, and (B) only if the Executive has performed work for such Person during his employment with the Company or one of its Affiliates or been introduced to, or otherwise had contact with, such Person as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or one of its Affiliates or has had access to Confidential Information which would assist in the Executive’s solicitation of such Person.

(d) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period (excluding any activities undertaken on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates in the course of his duties hereunder), the Executive will not, and will not assist any other Person to, (i) hire, engage or solicit for hiring or engagement any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates or seek to persuade any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue employment or (ii) solicit or encourage any independent contractor providing services to the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply only to employees and independent contractors who have provided services to the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two-(2) year period.

 

11


10. Enforcement of Covenants . The Executive acknowledges that he has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon him pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive agrees without reservation that each of the restraints contained herein is necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates; that each and every one of these restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, length of time and geographic area; and that these restraints, individually or in the aggregate, will not prevent him from obtaining other suitable employment during the period in which the Executive is bound by them. The Executive further agrees that he will never assert, or permit to be asserted on his behalf, in any forum, any position contrary to the foregoing. The Executive further acknowledges that, were he to breach any of the covenants contained in Sections 7, 8 or 9, the damage to the Company and its Affiliates would be irreparable. The Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any of said covenants, without having to post bond, and will additionally be entitled to an award of attorney’s fees incurred in connection with securing any relief hereunder. The parties further agree that, in the event that any provision of Section 7, 8 or 9 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. The Executive agrees that the Restricted Period shall be tolled, and shall not run, during any period of time in which he is in violation of the terms thereof, in order that the Company and its Affiliates shall have all of the agreed-upon temporal protection recited herein. No breach of any provision of this Agreement by the Company, or any other claimed breach of contract or violation of law, or change in the nature or scope of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company, shall operate to extinguish the Executive’s obligation to comply with Sections 7, 8 and 9. Each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of the Executive’s obligations to that Affiliate under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to Section 7, 8 or 9.

11. No Conflicting Agreements . The Executive hereby represents and warrants that the execution of this Agreement and the performance of his obligations hereunder will not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which the Executive is a party or is bound and that the Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any other obligations to any Person or to any court order, judgment or decree that would affect the performance of his obligations hereunder. The Executive will not disclose to or use on behalf of the Company any proprietary information of a third party without such party’s consent.

12. Definitions . Capitalized words or phrases shall have the meanings provided in this Section 12 and as provided elsewhere herein:

(a) “ Affiliate ” means any person or entity directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by either management authority or equity interest.

(b) “ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(c) “ Change of Control ” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Plan planned to be effective in 2016, as may be amended from time to time, which meaning is incorporated herein by reference as if restated in its entirety; provided that, if the Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Plan has not become effective as of the date of grant of the first Option granted to the Executive after the Effective Date, Change of Control shall instead have the meaning ascribed to such term in the plan or program governing such first Option, as such plan or program may be amended from time to time, and such meaning shall instead be incorporated herein by reference as if restated in its entirety.

 

12


(d) “ Confidential Information ” means any and all information of the Company and its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, and any and all information, publicly known in whole or in part or not, which, if disclosed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, would assist in competition against any of them. Confidential Information includes without limitation such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing and financial activities of the Company and its Affiliates, (ii) the Products, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance and strategic plans of the Company and its Affiliates, (iv) the identity and special needs of the patients of the Company and its Affiliates and (v) the people and organizations with whom the Company and its Affiliates have business relationships and the nature and substance of those relationships. Confidential Information also includes information that the Company or any of its Affiliates has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to others or that was received by the Company or any of its Affiliates with any understanding, express or implied, that it would not be disclosed.

(e) “ Intellectual Property ” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by the Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during the Executive’s employment and during the period of six (6) months immediately following termination of his employment that relate either to the Services or to any prospective activity of the Company or any of its Affiliates or that result from any work performed by the Executive for the Company or any of its Affiliates or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(f) “ Person ” means a natural person, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust and any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(g) “ Products ” means all products planned, researched, developed, tested, sold, licensed, leased, or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company or any of its Affiliates, together with all services provided or otherwise planned by the Company or any of its Affiliates, during the Executive’s employment.

13. Withholding . All payments made by the Company under this Agreement shall be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company under applicable law.

14. Section 280G .

(a) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (“ Section 280G ”)) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the payments provided under this Agreement, either alone or together with other payments or benefits which the Executive receives or is entitled to receive from the Company or Parent (collectively, the “ Total Payments ”), could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Code Section 280G, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to seek shareholder approval of the Total Payments in a manner that satisfies the requirements of the “shareholder approval” exception to Section 280G, such that, if approved, all Total Payments may be made to the Executive without the application of the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.

 

13


(b) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the Total Payments could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive (i) an amount limited (to the minimum extent necessary) so that no portion of the Total Payments shall be non-deductible for US federal income taxes by reason of Section 280G (the “ Limited Amount ”), or (ii) if the amount of the Total Payments (without regard to clause (i)) reduced by the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “ Excise Tax ”) and the amount of all other applicable federal, state and local taxes (with income taxes all computed at the highest applicable marginal rate) is greater than the Limited Amount reduced by the amount of all taxes applicable thereto (with income taxes all computed at the highest marginal rate), the amount of the Total Payments otherwise payable without regard to clause (i). If it is determined that the Limited Amount will maximize the Employee’s after-tax proceeds, the Total Payments shall be reduced to equal the Limited Amount in the following order: (i) first, by reducing cash severance payments that are exempt from Section 409A, (ii) second, by reducing other payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and to which Q&A 24(c) of Section 1.280G-1 of the Treasury Regulations does not apply, (iii) third, by reducing all remaining payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and (iv) finally, by reducing payments and benefits that are subject to Section 409A, in each case, with all such reductions done on a pro rata basis. All determinations made pursuant this Section 14 will be made at the Company’s or its Affiliates’ expense by an accounting firm or consulting group with experience in performing calculations regarding the applicability of Section 280G and Section 4999 of the Code selected by the Company for such purpose (the “ Independent Advisors ”). For purposes of such determinations, no portion of the Total Payments shall be taken into account which, in the opinion of the Company and its legal advisors, (y) does not constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (including by reason of Section 280G(b)(4)(A) of the Code) or (z) constitutes reasonable compensation for services actually rendered, within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4)(B) of the Code, in excess of the “base amount” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code) allocable to such reasonable compensation. In the event it is later determined that (A) a greater reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the excess amount shall be returned immediately by the Executive to the Company or (B) a lesser reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the additional amount shall be paid immediately by Parent, the Company, or any Affiliate of Parent or the Company, as applicable, to the Executive.

 

14


15. Assignment . Neither the Company nor the Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that (a) the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Executive to one of its Affiliates, or in the event that the Company or Parent shall hereafter effect a reorganization with, consolidate with, or merge into, an Affiliate or any Person or transfer or have transferred all or substantially all of its properties, outstanding stock, or assets to an Affiliate or any Person and (b) in the event that all of the Company’s rights and obligations under this Agreement are assigned pursuant to this Section 15, each reference to Company herein shall be deemed from and after such assignment instead to be a reference to the assignee. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Executive, and their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns.

16. Severability . If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.

17. Waiver . No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of either party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

18. Notices . Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in person, consigned to a reputable national courier service or deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, and addressed to the Executive at his last known address on the books of the Company or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the CEO, or to such other address as either party may specify by notice to the other actually received.

19. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes and terminates all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company.

20. Amendment . This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by the Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of the Company.

21. Headings . The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement.

22. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

23. Governing Law . This is a Massachusetts contract and shall be construed and enforced under and be governed in all respects by the laws of Massachusetts, without regard to any conflict of laws principles that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction.

 

15


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as a sealed instrument by the Company, by its duly authorized representative, and by the Executive, as of the date first above written.

 

THE EXECUTIVE:     THE COMPANY:
  /s/ Paresh N. Soni     By:   /s/ Ron Cooper
  Paresh N. Soni     Name:   Ron Cooper
      Title:   President and CEO

 

16


Exhibit A

Transition Expenses

(a) the reasonable costs of transporting household goods and personal effects (excluding cars), including packing and unpacking; provided that the Executive obtains at least three (3) estimates for such moving services;

(b) customary closing costs for sale of the Executive’s current residence in Connecticut (including a realtor’s sales commission, but excluding, without limitation, prepaid or escrowed interest, taxes and insurance and excluding incentive closing costs paid on behalf of the purchaser);

(c) customary closing costs for the purchase of a home in Massachusetts (excluding, without limitation, points, pro forma interest and taxes), only if such purchase occurs within twelve (12) months of the Effective Date (together with clauses (a) and (b) above, “ Relocation Expenses ”);

provided that: (i) the aggregate amount of Relocation Expenses payable by the Company shall not exceed $50,000; (ii) the Company is billed directly by the moving company or, unless impracticable under the circumstances, provided a disclosure or settlement statement directly by the closing attorney, as the case may be; (iii) the Company will only pay or reimburse for a Relocation Expense for which it receives a valid invoice, disclosure or settlement statement or receipt, as the case may be, within thirty (30) days after such Relocation Expense is incurred; and (iii) Relocation Expenses will only be paid or reimbursed if the Executive is an employee of the Company (or an Affiliate of the Company) on the date of such payment or reimbursement by the Company; and

(d) expenses for temporary housing in the Boston-area during the period from the Effective Date until February 28, 2017 (“ Temporary Housing Expenses ” and, together with Relocation Expenses, “ Transition Expenses ”), not to exceed $5,000 per month or $20,000 in the aggregate.

 

17

Exhibit 10.7

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of this 17th day of February, 2016 by and between Albireo, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Peter A. Zorn (the “ Executive ”), effective as of July 11, 2015 (the “ Effective Date ”).

RECITALS

The Company desires to employ the Executive and the Executive desires to be employed on the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. In consideration of the foregoing premises and the mutual promises, terms, provisions and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the parties hereby agree:

1. Employmen t . Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement, the Company hereby offers and the Executive hereby accepts employment.

2. Term . This Agreement will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with Section 5. The term of this Agreement is hereafter referred to as “ the term of this Agreement ” or “ the term hereof .”

3. Capacity and Performance .

(a) During the term hereof, the Executive shall serve the Company and Albireo Limited (including any successor thereto, “ Parent ”) as their General Counsel and Senior Vice President, Corporate Development. In addition, and without further compensation, the Executive shall serve as a director and/or officer of the Company and/or one or more of the Company’s Affiliates if so elected or appointed from time to time.

(b) During the term hereof, the Executive shall be employed by the Company on a full-time basis and shall perform the duties and responsibilities of his position and such other duties and responsibilities on behalf of the Company and its Affiliates as reasonably may be designated from time to time by the Chief Executive Officer of Parent (the “ CEO ”). The Executive shall be a member of the executive leadership team for the Company and Parent (the “ ELT ”), as such team may be characterized from time to time. The Executive’s principal work location shall be in Boston, MA.


(c) During the term hereof, the Executive shall devote his full business time and his best efforts, business judgment, skill and knowledge exclusively to the advancement of the business and interests of the Company and its Affiliates and to the discharge of his duties and responsibilities hereunder. The Executive shall not engage in any other business activity or serve in any industry, trade, professional, governmental or academic position during the term of this Agreement, except as may be expressly approved in advance by the CEO in writing; provided, however, that the Executive may without advance consent participate in charitable activities and passive personal investment activities, provided that such activities do not, individually or in the aggregate, interfere with the performance of the Executive’s duties under this Agreement, are not in conflict with the business interests of the Company or any of its Affiliates and do not violate Sections 7, 8 or 9 of this Agreement.

(d) During the term hereof, the Executive shall comply with all Company policies, practices and procedures and all codes of ethics or business conduct applicable to the Executive’s position, as in effect from time to time.

4. Compensation and Benefits . As compensation for all services performed by the Executive hereunder during the term hereof, and subject to performance of the Executive’s duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates, pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise:

(a) Base Salary . During the term of this Agreement, the Company shall pay the Executive a base salary at the rate of Two Hundred Seventy Thousand Dollars ($270,000) per year, payable monthly in equal amounts in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company as in effect from time to time and subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Parent’s board of directors (the “ Board ”), in its sole discretion. Such base salary, as from time to time adjusted, is hereafter referred to as the “ Base Salary .” The Executive hereby consents to the direct deposit of any payments made by the Company under this Agreement into his designated U.S. bank account, and agrees to complete the paperwork necessary to allow for such direct deposit.

(b) Annual Bonus Compensation . For each fiscal year completed during the term hereof, pro-rated for the partial initial fiscal year of employment, the Executive shall be eligible to participate in any annual bonus plan provided by the Company (or Parent) for its executives generally, as in effect from time to time. The Executive’s annual target bonus shall be thirty percent (30%) of the Base Salary, subject to adjustment upward, but not downward, from time to time by the Board in its sole discretion (the “ Target Bonus ”), with the actual amount of the bonus, if any, to be determined by the Board (or, to the extent permitted or required by applicable law, regulation or stock exchange requirement, a compensation or remuneration committee thereof) or the CEO in accordance with applicable performance criteria reasonably


established by the Board. In order to earn an annual bonus under this Section 4(b) for any fiscal year, the Executive must be employed by the Company on the last date of the applicable fiscal year. Any annual bonus payable hereunder will be paid at the same time as such bonuses are paid to other members of the ELT, but in no event later than two and one-half months following the end of the fiscal year for which the bonus is earned.

(c) Vacations . During the term hereof, the Executive shall be entitled to four (4) weeks of vacation per annum, accrued ratably, to be taken at such times and intervals as shall be determined by the Executive, subject to the reasonable business needs of the Company. Vacation shall otherwise be governed by the policies of the Company, as in effect from time to time.

(d) Employee Benefit Plans . During the term hereof and subject to any contribution therefore generally required of similarly-situated employees of the Company, the Executive shall be entitled to participate in any and all Employee Benefit Plans from time to time in effect for similarly-situated employees of the Company generally, including any short-term disability plan, long term disability and 401(k) retirement savings plan, except to the extent any Employee Benefit Plan provides for benefits otherwise provided to the Executive hereunder ( e.g ., a severance pay plan). Such participation shall be subject to (i) the terms of the applicable plan documents and (ii) generally applicable Company policies. For purposes of this Agreement, “Employee Benefit Plan” shall have the meaning ascribed to such term in Section 3(3) of ERISA, as amended from time to time. The Executive shall have no recourse against the Company under this Agreement in the event that the Company should alter, modify, add to or eliminate any or all of its Employee Benefit Plans.

(e) Business Expenses . The Company shall pay or reimburse the Executive for reasonable, customary and necessary business expenses incurred or paid by the Executive in the performance of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, subject to such reasonable substantiation and documentation and to travel and other policies as may be required by the Company from time to time.

(f) Stock Options . The Executive shall receive a stock option grant of at least 1% of the outstanding shares of Parent on a fully diluted basis under an equity program sponsored by Parent, subject to the terms of the program. All rights to purchase capital stock (e.g., stock options, compensatory warrants, restricted stock or the like) of Company or Parent held by the Executive from to time (collectively, “ Options ”) that are outstanding prior to a Change of Control (as defined below) shall, to the extent unvested or subject to vesting-like restrictions, be fully vested and exercisable (and any vesting-like restrictions shall lapse in full) in the case of each such Option (i) at the time set forth in the equity program under which such Option was granted (and in accordance with the terms of such program) or (ii) if earlier, upon the Change of Control. The foregoing sentence shall be (A) deemed incorporated into each option or similar agreement evidencing awards made to the Executive after the Effective Date and (B) without prejudice to the Executive’s right to any earlier acceleration of vesting, continued period of vesting or post-termination rights for the Executive provided for in the applicable program under which such Option was granted or under applicable law.


5. Termination of Employment and Severance Benefits . The Executive’s employment hereunder shall terminate under the following circumstances:

(a) Death . In the event of the Executive’s death during the term hereof, the date of death shall be the date of termination, and the Company shall pay or provide to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or, if no beneficiary has been designated by the Executive in a notice received by the Company, to his estate: (i) any Base Salary earned but not paid through the date of termination, (ii) pay for any vacation time earned but not used through the date of termination, (iii) any business expenses incurred by the Executive but unreimbursed on the date of termination, provided that such expenses and required substantiation and documentation are submitted within sixty (60) days following termination, that such expenses are reimbursable under Company policy, and that any such expenses subject to Section 5(f)(iv) shall be paid not later than the deadline specified therein; and (iv) any annual bonus earned but not paid for the fiscal year preceding the fiscal year in which the date of termination occurs (all of the foregoing, payable subject to the timing limitations described herein, “ Final Compensation ”). The Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive’s designated beneficiary or estate at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of death.

(b) Disability.

(i) The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder, upon notice to the Executive, in the event that the Executive becomes disabled during his employment hereunder through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature and, as a result, is unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder (notwithstanding the provision of any reasonable accommodation) for one hundred and eighty (180) days during any period of three hundred and sixty-five (365) consecutive calendar days, whether or not consecutive. In the event of such termination, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for payment of any Final Compensation due the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

(ii) The Board may designate another employee to act in the Executive’s place during any period of the Executive’s disability. Notwithstanding any


such designation, the Executive shall continue to receive the Base Salary in accordance with Section 4(a) and to participate in Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d), to the extent permitted by the then-current terms of the applicable Employee Benefit Plans, until the Executive becomes eligible for disability income benefits under the Company’s disability income plan, if any, or until the termination of his employment, whichever shall first occur. While receiving disability income payments under any Company’s disability income plan, the Executive shall not be entitled to receive any Base Salary under Section 4(a), but shall continue to participate in the Employee Benefit Plans in accordance with Section 4(d) and to the extent permitted by and subject to the then-current terms of such plans, until the termination of his employment hereunder.

(iii) If any question shall arise as to whether the Executive is disabled through any illness, injury, accident or condition of either a physical or psychological nature so as to be unable to perform substantially all of his duties and responsibilities hereunder, the Executive may, and at the request of the Company shall, submit to a medical examination by a physician selected by the Company to whom the Executive or his duly appointed guardian, if any, has no reasonable objection to determine whether the Executive is disabled, and such determination shall for the purposes of this Agreement be conclusive. If such question shall arise and the Executive shall fail to submit to such medical examination, the Company’s determination of the issue shall be binding on the Executive.

(c) By the Company for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive setting forth in reasonable detail the nature of such Cause. The following, as determined by the Board in its reasonable judgment, shall constitute Cause for termination:

(i) The Executive’s willful failure to perform, or gross negligence in the performance of, the Executive’s material duties and responsibilities to the Company or any of its Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such failure or negligence by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances;

(ii) Conduct by the Executive that constitutes fraud, embezzlement or other material dishonesty with respect to the Company or any of its Affiliates;

(iii) The Executive’s commission of, or plea of nolo contendere to, (A) a felony or (B) other crime involving moral turpitude; or

(iv) The Executive’s material breach of this Agreement, any shareholder or option agreement between the Executive and the Company or any of its Affiliates or of any fiduciary duty that the Executive has to the Company or any of its


Affiliates that, if capable of cure, is not cured within thirty (30) days of written notice of such breach by the Company to the Executive; provided, that the Company will not have to provide more than one notice and opportunity to cure with respect to any multiple, repeated, related or substantially similar events or circumstances.

Upon the giving of notice of termination of the Executive’s employment hereunder for Cause, the Company shall have no further obligation or liability to the Executive, other than for any Final Compensation due to the Executive. Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment.

(d) By the Company Other Than for Cause . The Company may terminate the Executive’s employment hereunder other than for Cause at any time upon notice to the Executive. In the event of such termination, in addition to any Final Compensation due to the Executive, the Executive will be entitled to the following (the “ Severance Benefits ”):

(i) the Company will pay the Executive severance pay, at the same rate as the Base Salary, for twelve (12) months following the date of termination of his employment (the “ Severance Period ”);

(ii) during the Severance Period, provided the Executive elects and remains eligible for COBRA (or mini-COBRA), the Company will pay the Executive a monthly taxable amount equal to the portion of the Executive’s health insurance premiums that the Company paid immediately prior to the date of termination (the “ Monthly Contribution ”); and

(iii) if such termination occurs concurrent with or within twelve (12) months following, or in connection with but within the three (3) months prior to, a Change of Control, the Company will pay the Executive an amount equal to his then current Target Bonus, payable in substantially equal monthly installments during the Severance Period.

Other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii), Final Compensation shall be paid to the Executive at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of termination of employment. Any obligation of the Company to provide the Severance Benefits is conditioned, however, on the Executive signing and returning to the Company (without revoking) a timely and effective general release of claims in the form (which shall be provided by the Company within seven (7) days following the date of termination, which shall exclude nonwaivable claims and the Executive’s rights to Final Compensation and which shall not require the Executive to agree to post-employment obligations not specifically set forth in this Agreement) by the deadline specified therein, all of which (including the lapse of the period for revoking the release of claims as specified in the release of claims) shall have occurred no later than


the sixtieth (60th) calendar day following the date of termination (any such separation agreement submitted by such deadline, the “ Release of Claims ”) and on the Executive’s continued compliance in material respects with the obligations of the Executive to the Company and its Affiliates that survive termination of his employment, including without limitation under Sections 7, 8 and 9 of this Agreement. Subject to Section 5(g) below, all Severance Benefits to which the Executive is entitled hereunder shall be payable in accordance with the normal payroll practices of the Company, with the first payment, which shall be retroactive to the day immediately following the date the Executive’s employment terminated, being due and payable on the Company’s next regular payday for executives that follows the effective date of the Release of Claims. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the time period to consider, return and revoke the Release of Claims covers two of the Executive’s taxable years, any portion of the Severance Benefits that constitutes deferred compensation subject to Section 409A (as defined below) shall in all events be paid in the later taxable year. The Release of Claims required for Severance Benefits in accordance with this Section 5(d) creates legally binding obligations on the part of the Executive and the Company therefore advises the Executive to seek the advice of an attorney before signing the Release of Claims.

(e) By the Executive for Good Reason . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder for Good Reason by (A) providing notice to the Company specifying in reasonable detail the condition giving rise to the Good Reason no later than the thirtieth (30th) day following the occurrence of that condition; (B) providing the Company a period of thirty (30) days to remedy the condition and so specifying in the notice and (C) terminating his employment for Good Reason within thirty (30) days following the expiration of the period to remedy if the Company fails to remedy the condition. The following, if occurring without the Executive’s consent, shall constitute “ Good Reason ” for termination by the Executive:

(i) a material diminution in the nature or scope of the Executive’s title, duties, authority or responsibilities;

(ii) a requirement that the Executive relocate his principal work location to a location more than thirty (30) miles outside of Boston, MA; or

(iii) a material reduction in Base Salary.

In the event of a termination of employment in accordance with this Section 5(e), the Executive will be entitled to receive the Severance Benefits he would have been entitled to receive had he been terminated by the Company other than for Cause pursuant to Section 5(d) above, provided that the Executive signs and returns (without revoking) a timely and effective Release of Claims as set forth in Section 5(d).

(f) By the Executive . The Executive may terminate his employment hereunder at any time upon thirty (30) days’ prior written notice to the Company. In the event of termination of the Executive’s employment in accordance with this Section 5(e),


the Board may elect to waive the period of notice, or any portion thereof, and, if the Board so elects, the Company will pay the Executive the Base Salary for the period so waived. The Company shall also pay the Executive any Final Compensation due him (other than business expenses described in Section 5(a)(iii)) at the time prescribed by applicable law and in all events within thirty (30) days following the date of the termination of employment.

(g) Timing of Payments and Section 409A .

(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, if at the time of the Executive’s termination of employment, the Executive is a “specified employee,” as defined below, any and all amounts payable under this Section 5 on account of such separation from service that constitute deferred compensation and would (but for this provision) be payable within six (6) months following the date of termination, shall instead be paid on the next business day following the expiration of such six (6) month period or, if earlier, upon the Executive’s death; except (A) to the extent of amounts that do not constitute a deferral of compensation within the meaning of Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(b) (including without limitation by reason of the safe harbor set forth in Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(iii), as determined by the Company in its reasonable good faith discretion); (B) benefits that qualify as excepted welfare benefits pursuant to Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(a)(5); or (C) other amounts or benefits that are not subject to the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (“ Section 409A ”).

(ii) For purposes of this Agreement, all references to “termination of employment” and correlative phrases shall be construed to require a “separation from service” (as defined in Section 1.409A-1(h) of the Treasury regulations after giving effect to the presumptions contained therein), and the term “specified employee” means an individual determined by the Company to be a specified employee under Treasury regulation Section 1.409A-1(i).

(iii) Each payment made under this Agreement shall be treated as a separate payment and the right to a series of installment payments under this Agreement is to be treated as a right to a series of separate payments.

(iv) Any payment of or reimbursement for expenses that would constitute nonqualified deferred compensation subject to Section 409A shall be subject to the following additional rules: (i) no reimbursement or payment of any such expense shall affect the Executive’s right to reimbursement or payment of any such expense in any other calendar year; (ii) reimbursement or payment of the expense shall be made, if at all, promptly, but not later than the end of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the expense was incurred; and (iii) the right to reimbursement or payment shall not be subject to liquidation or exchange for any other benefit.


(v) In no event shall the Company have any liability relating to the failure or alleged failure of any payment or benefit under this Agreement to comply with, or be exempt from, the requirements of Section 409A.

(h) Exclusive Right to Severance . The Executive agrees that the Severance Benefits to be provided to him in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement are intended to be exclusive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits. The Executive hereby knowingly and voluntarily waives any right he might otherwise have to participate in or receive benefits under any other plan, program or policy of the Company providing for severance or termination pay or benefits.

6. Effect of Termination . The provisions of this Section 6 shall apply to any termination of the Executive’s employment under this Agreement, whether pursuant to Section 5 or otherwise.

(a) Provision by the Company of Final Compensation and Severance Benefits, if any, that are due the Executive in each case under the applicable termination provision of Section 5 shall constitute the entire obligation of the Company to the Executive with respect to severance or termination pay and post-employment employee benefits.

(b) Except for any right of the Executive to continue group health plan participation in accordance with applicable law, the Executive’s participation in all Employee Benefit Plans shall terminate pursuant to the terms of the applicable plan documents based on the date of termination of the Executive’s employment without regard to any Base Salary for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e) hereof or to any Severance Benefits or other payment made to or on behalf of the Executive following such date of termination.

(c) Provisions of this Agreement shall survive any termination of the Executive’s employment if so provided herein or if necessary or desirable fully to accomplish the purposes of other surviving provisions, including without limitation the obligations of the Executive under Sections 7, 8 and 9. The obligation of the Company to provide Severance Benefits hereunder, and Executive’s right to retain such payments, is expressly conditioned on the Executive’s continued compliance in all material respects with Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive recognizes that, except as expressly provided in Section 5(d) or Section 5(e), or with respect to Base Salary paid for notice waived pursuant to Section 5(e), no cash compensation or benefits will be earned after termination of employment.

7. Confidential Information .


(a) The Executive acknowledges that the Company and its Affiliates continually develop Confidential Information, that the Executive will develop Confidential Information for the Company or its Affiliates and that the Executive will learn of Confidential Information during the course of employment. The Executive agrees that all Confidential Information which the Executive creates or to which he has access as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or any of its Affiliates is and shall remain the sole and exclusive property of the Company or its Affiliate, as applicable. The Executive shall comply with the policies and procedures of the Company and its Affiliates for protecting Confidential Information and shall never disclose to any Person (except as required by applicable law or for the proper performance of his duties and responsibilities to the Company and its Affiliates), or use for his own benefit or gain or the benefit or gain of any other Person, any Confidential Information obtained by the Executive incident to his employment or any other association with the Company or any of its Affiliates. The Executive understands that this restriction shall continue to apply after his employment terminates, regardless of the reason for such termination. Further, the Executive agrees to furnish prompt notice to the Company of any required disclosure of Confidential Information sought pursuant to subpoena, court order or any other legal process or requirement, and agrees to provide the Company a reasonable opportunity to seek protection of the Confidential Information prior to any such disclosure. The confidentiality obligation under this Section 7 shall not apply to information that has become generally known through no wrongful act on the part of the Executive or any other Person having an obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any of its Affiliates. Nothing in this Agreement limits, restricts or in any other way affects the Executive from communicating with any governmental agency or entity, or communicating with any official or staff person of a governmental agency or entity, concerning matters relevant to the governmental agency or entity.

(b) All documents, records, tapes and other media of every kind and description relating to the business, present or otherwise, of the Company or any of its Affiliates and any copies or derivatives (including without limitation electronic), in whole or in part, thereof (the “ Documents ”), whether or not prepared by the Executive, shall be the sole and exclusive property of the Company and its Affiliates. Except in the proper performance of the Executive’s regular duties for the Company or as expressly authorized in writing in advance by the Board or its expressly authorized designee, the Executive will not copy any Documents or remove any Documents or copies or derivatives thereof from the premises of the Company. The Executive shall safeguard all Documents and shall surrender to the Company at the time his employment terminates, and at such earlier time or times as the Board or its designee may specify, all Documents and other property of the Company or any of its Affiliates and all documents, records and files of the customers and other Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates does business (“ Third Party Documents ”) and each individually a “ Third Party Document ”) then in the Executive’s possession or control; provided, however, that if a Document or Third-Party Document is on electronic media, the Executive may, in lieu of surrendering


the Document or Third-Party Document, provide a copy to the Company on electronic media and delete and overwrite all other electronic media copies thereof. The Executive also agrees that, upon request of any duly authorized officer of the Company, the Executive shall disclose all passwords and passcodes necessary or desirable to enable the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Persons with whom the Company or any of its Affiliates do business to obtain access to the Documents and Third-Party Documents.

8. Assignment of Rights to Intellectual Property . The Executive shall promptly and fully disclose all Intellectual Property to the Company. The Executive hereby assigns and agrees to assign to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) the Executive’s full right, title and interest in and to all Intellectual Property. The Executive agrees to execute any and all applications for domestic and foreign patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights and to do such other acts (including without limitation the execution and delivery of instruments of further assurance or confirmation) requested by the Company to assign the Intellectual Property to the Company (or as otherwise directed by the Company) and to permit the Company to enforce any patents, copyrights or other proprietary rights to the Intellectual Property. The Executive will not charge the Company for time spent in complying with these obligations. All copyrightable works that the Executive creates shall be considered “work made for hire” and shall, upon creation, be owned exclusively by the Company.

9. Restricted Activities . The Executive agrees that the following restrictions on his activities during and after his employment are necessary to protect the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates:

(a) While the Executive is employed by the Company and during the twelve (12) month period following the date his employment terminates (or, in the case of a termination of employment by the Executive pursuant to Section 5(e), during the twelve (12) month period following the date, no more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of termination, when the Executive provides written notice of termination to the Company), regardless of the reason therefore (in the aggregate, the “ Restricted Period ”), the Executive shall not, directly or indirectly, whether as owner, partner, investor, consultant, agent, employee, co-venturer or otherwise, engage in any Competitive Business Activities in any geographic area in which the Company or any of its Affiliates engages in any business activity or is actively planning to engage in any business activity at any time during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (the “ Restricted Area ”). Specifically, but without limiting the foregoing, the Executive agrees not to work or provide services, in any capacity in the Restricted Area, whether as an employee, independent contractor or otherwise, whether with or without compensation, to any Person who is engaged in the business of developing, marketing or selling (i) therapeutic drugs to treat liver disease or


constipation or (ii) any other drug that has a therapeutic purpose that is the same or substantially similar to the therapeutic purpose of any drug that the Company or any of its Affiliates is developing, marketing or selling during the Executive’s employment with the Company or, with respect to the portion of the Restricted Period that follows termination of the Executive’s employment, at the time of such termination (“ Competitive Business Activities ”). Nothing in this Section 9(a), however, shall prevent the Executive’s passive ownership of two (2) percent or less of the equity securities of any publicly traded company.

(b) The Executive agrees that, during his employment with the Company, he will not undertake any outside activity, whether or not competitive with the business of the Company or its Affiliates that could reasonably give rise to a conflict of interest or otherwise interfere with any of his duties or obligations to the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(c) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period, he will not directly or indirectly: (i) solicit or encourage any customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; or (ii) seek to persuade any such customer or business partner or any prospective customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates to conduct with anyone else any business or activity which such customer or business partner conducts, or such prospective customer or business partner could conduct, with the Company or any of its Affiliates; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply (A) only with respect to those Persons who are or have been a customer or business partner of the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two (2)-year period or whose business has been solicited on behalf of the Company or any of the Affiliates by any of their officers, employees or agents within such two (2)-year period, other than by form letter, blanket mailing or published advertisement, and (B) only if the Executive has performed work for such Person during his employment with the Company or one of its Affiliates or been introduced to, or otherwise had contact with, such Person as a result of his employment or other associations with the Company or one of its Affiliates or has had access to Confidential Information which would assist in the Executive’s solicitation of such Person.

(d) The Executive agrees that, during the Restricted Period (excluding any activities undertaken on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates in the course of his duties hereunder), the Executive will not, and will not assist any other Person to, (i) hire, engage or solicit for hiring or engagement any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates or seek to persuade any employee of the Company or any of its Affiliates to discontinue employment or (ii) solicit or encourage any independent contractor providing services to the Company or any of its Affiliates to terminate or diminish its relationship with them; provided, however, that these restrictions shall apply only to employees and independent contractors who have provided services to the Company or any of its Affiliates at any time within the immediately preceding two-(2) year period.


10. Enforcement of Covenants . The Executive acknowledges that he has carefully read and considered all the terms and conditions of this Agreement, including the restraints imposed upon him pursuant to Sections 7, 8 and 9. The Executive agrees without reservation that each of the restraints contained herein is necessary for the reasonable and proper protection of the goodwill, Confidential Information and other legitimate interests of the Company and its Affiliates; that each and every one of these restraints is reasonable in respect to subject matter, length of time and geographic area; and that these restraints, individually or in the aggregate, will not prevent him from obtaining other suitable employment during the period in which the Executive is bound by them. The Executive further agrees that he will never assert, or permit to be asserted on his behalf, in any forum, any position contrary to the foregoing. The Executive further acknowledges that, were he to breach any of the covenants contained in Sections 7, 8 or 9, the damage to the Company and its Affiliates would be irreparable. The Executive therefore agrees that the Company, in addition to any other remedies available to it, shall be entitled to preliminary and permanent injunctive relief against any breach or threatened breach by the Executive of any of said covenants, without having to post bond, and will additionally be entitled to an award of attorney’s fees incurred in connection with securing any relief hereunder. The parties further agree that, in the event that any provision of Section 7, 8 or 9 shall be determined by any court of competent jurisdiction to be unenforceable by reason of its being extended over too great a time, too large a geographic area or too great a range of activities, such provision shall be deemed to be modified to permit its enforcement to the maximum extent permitted by law. The Executive agrees that the Restricted Period shall be tolled, and shall not run, during any period of time in which he is in violation of the terms thereof, in order that the Company and its Affiliates shall have all of the agreed-upon temporal protection recited herein. No breach of any provision of this Agreement by the Company, or any other claimed breach of contract or violation of law, or change in the nature or scope of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company, shall operate to extinguish the Executive’s obligation to comply with Sections 7, 8 and 9. Each of the Company’s Affiliates shall have the right to enforce all of the Executive’s obligations to that Affiliate under this Agreement, including without limitation pursuant to Section 7, 8 or 9.

11. No Conflicting Agreements . The Executive hereby represents and warrants that the execution of this Agreement and the performance of his obligations hereunder will not breach or be in conflict with any other agreement to which the Executive is a party or is bound and that the Executive is not now subject to any covenants against competition or similar covenants or any other obligations to any Person or to any court order, judgment or decree that would affect the performance of his obligations hereunder. The Executive will not disclose to or use on behalf of the Company any proprietary information of a third party without such party’s consent.


12. Definitions . Capitalized words or phrases shall have the meanings provided in this Section 12 and as provided elsewhere herein:

(a) “ Affiliate ” means any person or entity directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with the Company, where control may be by either management authority or equity interest.

(b) “ Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(c) “ Change of Control ” has the meaning ascribed to such term in the Rules of the Albireo Limited Share Option Plan to be adopted in 2016, as may be amended from time to time, which meaning is incorporated herein by reference as if restated in its entirety.

(d) “ Confidential Information ” means any and all information of the Company and its Affiliates that is not generally available to the public, and any and all information, publicly known in whole or in part or not, which, if disclosed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, would assist in competition against any of them. Confidential Information includes without limitation such information relating to (i) the development, research, testing, manufacturing, marketing and financial activities of the Company and its Affiliates, (ii) the Products, (iii) the costs, sources of supply, financial performance and strategic plans of the Company and its Affiliates, (iv) the identity and special needs of the patients of the Company and its Affiliates and (v) the people and organizations with whom the Company and its Affiliates have business relationships and the nature and substance of those relationships. Confidential Information also includes information that the Company or any of its Affiliates has received, or may receive hereafter, belonging to others or that was received by the Company or any of its Affiliates with any understanding, express or implied, that it would not be disclosed.

(e) “ Intellectual Property ” means inventions, discoveries, developments, methods, processes, compositions, works, concepts and ideas (whether or not patentable or copyrightable or constituting trade secrets) conceived, made, created, developed or reduced to practice by the Executive (whether alone or with others, whether or not during normal business hours or on or off Company premises) during the Executive’s employment and during the period of six (6) months immediately following termination of his employment that relate either to the Services or to any prospective activity of the Company or any of its Affiliates or that result from any work performed by the Executive for the Company or any of its Affiliates or that make use of Confidential Information or any of the equipment or facilities of the Company or any of its Affiliates.

(f) “ Person ” means a natural person, a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a partnership, an estate, a trust and any other entity or organization, other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.


(g) “ Products ” means all products planned, researched, developed, tested, sold, licensed, leased, or otherwise distributed or put into use by the Company or any of its Affiliates, together with all services provided or otherwise planned by the Company or any of its Affiliates, during the Executive’s employment.

13. Withholding . All payments made by the Company under this Agreement shall be reduced by any tax or other amounts required to be withheld by the Company under applicable law.

14. Section 280G .

(a) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G of the Code and the regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (“ Section 280G ”)) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the payments provided under this Agreement, either alone or together with other payments or benefits which the Executive receives or is entitled to receive from the Company or Parent (collectively, the “ Total Payments ”), could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Code Section 280G, the Company will use its reasonable best efforts to seek shareholder approval of the Total Payments in a manner that satisfies the requirements of the “shareholder approval” exception to Section 280G, such that, if approved, all Total Payments may be made to the Executive without the application of the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code.

(b) In the event that the Company or Parent undergoes a “change in ownership or control” (within the meaning of Section 280G) before the Company or Parent or any Affiliate of the Company or Parent that would be treated, together with the Company or Parent, as a single corporation under Section 280G has stock that is readily tradeable on an established securities market or otherwise (within the meaning of Section 280G) and all, or any portion, of the Total Payments could constitute an “excess parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G, then the Executive shall be entitled to receive (i) an amount limited (to the minimum extent necessary) so that no portion of the Total Payments shall be non-deductible for US federal income taxes by reason of Section 280G (the “ Limited Amount ”), or (ii) if the amount of the Total Payments (without regard to clause (i)) reduced by the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Code (the “ Excise Tax ”) and the amount of all other applicable federal, state and local taxes (with income taxes all computed at the highest applicable marginal rate) is greater than the Limited Amount reduced by the amount of all taxes applicable thereto


(with income taxes all computed at the highest marginal rate), the amount of the Total Payments otherwise payable without regard to clause (i). If it is determined that the Limited Amount will maximize the Employee’s after-tax proceeds, the Total Payments shall be reduced to equal the Limited Amount in the following order: (i) first, by reducing cash severance payments that are exempt from Section 409A, (ii) second, by reducing other payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and to which Q&A 24(c) of Section 1.280G-1 of the Treasury Regulations does not apply, (iii) third, by reducing all remaining payments and benefits that are exempt from Section 409A and (iv) finally, by reducing payments and benefits that are subject to Section 409A, in each case, with all such reductions done on a pro rata basis. All determinations made pursuant this Section 14 will be made at the Company’s or its Affiliates’ expense by an accounting firm or consulting group with experience in performing calculations regarding the applicability of Section 280G and Section 4999 of the Code selected by the Company for such purpose (the “ Independent Advisors ”). For purposes of such determinations, no portion of the Total Payments shall be taken into account which, in the opinion of the Company and its legal advisors, (y) does not constitute a “parachute payment” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (including by reason of Section 280G(b)(4)(A) of the Code) or (z) constitutes reasonable compensation for services actually rendered, within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4)(B) of the Code, in excess of the “base amount” (as defined in Section 280G(b)(3) of the Code) allocable to such reasonable compensation. In the event it is later determined that (A) a greater reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the excess amount shall be returned immediately by the Executive to the Company or (B) a lesser reduction in the Total Payments should have been made to implement the objective and intent of this Section 14, the additional amount shall be paid immediately by Parent, the Company, or any Affiliate of Parent or the Company, as applicable, to the Executive.

15. Assignment . Neither the Company nor the Executive may make any assignment of this Agreement or any interest herein, by operation of law or otherwise, without the prior written consent of the other; provided, however, that the Company may assign its rights and obligations under this Agreement without the consent of the Executive to one of its Affiliates or in the event that the Company shall hereafter effect a reorganization with, consolidate with, or merge into, an Affiliate or any Person or transfer all or substantially all of its properties, stock, or assets to an Affiliate or any Person. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and the Executive, and their respective successors, executors, administrators, heirs and permitted assigns.

16. Severability . If any portion or provision of this Agreement shall to any extent be declared illegal or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, then the remainder of this Agreement, or the application of such portion or provision in circumstances other than those as to which it is so declared illegal or unenforceable, shall not be affected thereby, and each portion and provision of this Agreement shall be valid and enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law.


17. Waiver . No waiver of any provision hereof shall be effective unless made in writing and signed by the waiving party. The failure of either party to require the performance of any term or obligation of this Agreement, or the waiver by either party of any breach of this Agreement, shall not prevent any subsequent enforcement of such term or obligation or be deemed a waiver of any subsequent breach.

18. Notices . Any and all notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be effective when delivered in person, consigned to a reputable national courier service or deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, registered or certified, and addressed to the Executive at his last known address on the books of the Company or, in the case of the Company, at its principal place of business, attention of the CEO, or to such other address as either party may specify by notice to the other actually received.

19. Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties and supersedes and terminates all prior communications, agreements and understandings, written or oral, with respect to the terms and conditions of the Executive’s employment relationship with the Company.

20. Amendment . This Agreement may be amended or modified only by a written instrument signed by the Executive and by an expressly authorized representative of the Company.

21. Headings . The headings and captions in this Agreement are for convenience only and in no way define or describe the scope or content of any provision of this Agreement.

22. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

23. Governing Law . This is a Massachusetts contract and shall be construed and enforced under and be governed in all respects by the laws of Massachusetts, without regard to any conflict of laws principles that would result in the application of the laws of any other jurisdiction.


24. Guaranty .

(a) Guaranty . As a material inducement to the Executive to enter into this Agreement, each of Parent and Albireo AB does hereby unconditionally, absolutely and irrevocably guarantee the payment of all compensation, payments, awards and other amounts that the Company is obligated to pay or provide the Executive pursuant to this Agreement (together, the “ Guaranty ”). Such compensation, payments, awards, obligations are hereinafter referred to as the “ Payment Obligations .” If the Company does not timely pay all or any part of the Payment Obligations due under this Agreement to the Executive when they become due and payable, following notice to the Company and a reasonable opportunity of not less than thirty (30) days to cure, the Executive may immediately enforce the Guaranty against either or both of Parent and Albireo AB for the Payment Obligations, without any obligation to first pursue payment of some or all of the Payment Obligations from the Company.

(b) Nature, Scope and Duration of Guaranty . The Guaranty shall be directly enforceable against either or both of Parent and Albireo AB and without resorting to the Company, or exhausting any or all remedies against them. Neither Parent nor Albireo AB shall be discharged or released from liability for any of the following reasons: bankruptcy, receivership or other similar proceedings. The Guaranty shall be binding upon Parent, Albireo AB, and their respective successors and assigns, and shall inure to the benefit of the Executive and his heirs and assigns. No assignment or delegation by Parent or Albireo AB shall release Parent or Albireo AB of its obligations under this Section 24. The Guaranty shall be a continuing guaranty and shall remain in force until the termination of this Agreement and payment in full of the Payment Obligations.

(c) Waiver .   The failure of the Executive to enforce any of the provisions of this Section 24 at any time, or for any period of time, shall not be construed to be a waiver of any such provision or of the right thereafter to enforce the same.

(d) Survival . This Section 24, including without limitation the rights of the Executive and obligations of Parent and Albireo AB under this Section 24, shall survive the end of the term of this Agreement and the termination of the Executive’s employment with the Company.

(e) Jurisdiction .   Each of Parent and Albireo AB hereby consents to personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts situated within Suffolk County, Massachusetts solely for purposes of enforcing this Section 24, and waives any objections that it might have to personal jurisdiction or venue in those courts for purposes of enforcing this Section 24.


[The remainder of this page has been left blank intentionally.]


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Agreement has been executed as a sealed instrument by the Company, by its duly authorized representative, and by the Executive, as of the date first above written.

 

THE EXECUTIVE:     THE COMPANY:
/s/ Peter A. Zorn                 By:   /s/ Ron Cooper                  
    Name:   Ron Cooper                  
    Title:   President & CEO            

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Parent and Albireo AB execute this Agreement, solely with respect to Section 24, effective as of the Effective Date.

 

Albireo Limited     Albireo AB
By:  /s/ Ron Cooper                         By:  /s/ Jan Mattsson                      
Name:   Ron Cooper                       Name:   Jan Mattsson                      
Title:     President & CEO               Title:     COO                                     

Exhibit 10.8

F ORM OF I NDEMNIFICATION A GREEMENT

T HIS I NDEMNIFICATION A GREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into this      day of                     , 2016, by and between Albireo Pharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and              (“ Indemnitee ”).

W HEREAS , qualified persons are reluctant to serve corporations as directors, officers or otherwise unless they are provided with broad indemnification and insurance against claims arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the corporations; and

W HEREAS , the Company has determined that attracting and retaining such persons is in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders and that it is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company to indemnify such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law and to provide reasonable assurance regarding insurance;

N OW , THEREFORE , the Company and Indemnitee hereby agree as follows:

1. Defined Terms; Construction .

(a) Defined Terms . As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

Change in Control ” means, and shall be deemed to have occurred if, on or after the date of this Agreement, (i) any “person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), other than (A) a trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or any Company Subsidiary acting in such capacity, or (B) a corporation owned directly or indirectly by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company, is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under said Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 20% of the total voting power represented by the Company’s then outstanding Voting Securities, (ii) during any period of two consecutive years, individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the board of directors of the Company and any new director whose election by the board of directors of the Company or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a majority thereof, (iii) the stockholders of the Company approve a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other corporation other than a merger or consolidation that would result in the Voting Securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into Voting Securities of the surviving entity) at least 80% of the total voting power represented by the Voting Securities of the Company or such surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation, (iv) the stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of (in one transaction or a series of related transactions) all or substantially all of its assets, or (v) the Company shall file or have filed against it, and such filing shall not be dismissed, any bankruptcy, insolvency or dissolution proceedings, or a trustee, administrator or creditors committee shall be appointed to manage or supervise the affairs of the Company.


Company Subsidiary ” means any direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company from time to time.

Corporate Status ” means the status of a person who is or was a director (or a member of any committee of a board of directors), officer, employee or agent (including without limitation a manager of a limited liability company) of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, or of any predecessor thereof, or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director (or a member of any committee of a board of directors), officer, employee or agent (including without limitation a manager of a limited liability company) of another entity, or of any predecessor thereof, including service with respect to an employee benefit plan.

Determination ” means a determination that either ( x ) there is a reasonable basis for the conclusion that indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee met a particular standard of conduct (a “ Favorable Determination ”) or ( y ) there is no reasonable basis for the conclusion that indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee met a particular standard of conduct (an “ Adverse Determination ”). An Adverse Determination shall include the decision that a Determination was required in connection with indemnification and the decision as to the applicable standard of conduct.

DGCL ” means the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, as amended from time to time.

Expenses ” means all (i) attorneys’ fees and expenses, retainers, court, arbitration and mediation costs, transcript costs, fees and expenses of experts, witness and public relations consultants bonds and fees, traveling expenses, costs of collecting and producing documents, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in, appealing or otherwise participating in a Proceeding or responding to, or objecting to, a request to provide discovery in any Proceeding, (ii) damages, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and any other amounts that Indemnitee becomes legally obligated to pay (including any federal, state or local taxes imposed on Indemnitee as a result of receipt of reimbursements or advances of expenses under this Agreement) and (iii) the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any costs bond, supersedes bond or other appeal bond or its equivalent, whether civil, criminal, arbitrational, administrative or investigative with respect to any Proceeding actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee, or on Indemnitee’s behalf, because of any claim or claims made against or by him in connection with any Proceeding, whether formal or informal (including an action by or in the right of the Company), to which Indemnitee is, was or at any time becomes a party or a witness, or is threatened to be made a party to, participant in or a witness with respect to, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status.

Independent Legal Counsel ” means an attorney or firm of attorneys competent to render an opinion under the applicable law, selected in accordance with the provisions of Section 5(e), who has not performed any services (other than services similar to those contemplated to be performed by Independent Legal Counsel under this Agreement) for the Company or any Company Subsidiary or for Indemnitee within the last three years.

Proceeding ” means a threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, including without limitation a claim, demand, discovery request, formal or informal investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing, arbitration or other form of alternative dispute resolution, including an appeal from any of the foregoing.

 

2


Voting Securities ” means any securities of the Company that vote generally in the election of directors.

(b) Construction . For purposes of this Agreement,

(i) References to the Company or to a Company Subsidiary shall include any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, joint venture, trust or other entity or enterprise that before or after the date of this Agreement is party to a merger or consolidation with the Company or such Company Subsidiary or that is a successor to the Company as contemplated by Section 8(e) (whether or not such successor has executed and delivered the written agreement contemplated by Section 8(e)).

(ii) References to “fines” shall include any excise taxes assessed on Indemnitee with respect to an employee benefit plan.

(iii) References to a “witness” in connection with a Proceeding shall include any interviewee or person called upon to produce documents in connection with such Proceeding.

2. Agreement to Serve .

Indemnitee agrees to serve as a director or officer of the Company or one or more Company Subsidiaries and in such other capacities as Indemnitee may serve at the request of the Company from time to time. By its execution of this Agreement the Company confirms its request that Indemnitee serve as a director or officer and in such other capacities. Indemnitee shall be entitled to resign or otherwise terminate such service with immediate effect at any time, and neither such resignation or termination nor the length of such service shall affect Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement. This Agreement shall not constitute an employment agreement, supersede any employment agreement to which Indemnitee is a party or create any right of Indemnitee to continued employment or appointment.

3. Indemnification .

(a) General Indemnification . The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law in effect on the date hereof or as amended to increase the scope of permitted indemnification, against Expenses, losses, liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement (including all interest, taxes, assessments and other charges in connection therewith) incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with any Proceeding in any way connected with, resulting from or relating to Indemnitee’s Corporate Status.

(b) Additional Indemnification Regarding Expenses . Without limiting the foregoing, in the event any Proceeding is initiated by Indemnitee, the Company or any other person to enforce or interpret this Agreement or any rights of Indemnitee to indemnification or advancement of Expenses (or related obligations of Indemnitee) under the Company’s or any applicable Company Subsidiary’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational agreement or instrument, any other agreement to which Indemnitee and the Company or any Company Subsidiary are party, any

 

3


vote of stockholders or directors of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, the DGCL, any other applicable law or any liability insurance policy, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against Expenses incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with such Proceeding in proportion to the success achieved by Indemnitee in such Proceeding and the efforts required to obtain such success, as determined by the court presiding over such Proceeding.

(c) Partial Indemnification . If Indemnitee is entitled under any provision of this Agreement to indemnification by the Company for a portion of any Expenses, losses, liabilities, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement incurred by Indemnitee, but not for the total amount thereof, the Company shall nevertheless indemnify Indemnitee for such portion.

(d) Nonexclusivity . The indemnification provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any rights to which Indemnitee may be entitled under the certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational agreement or instrument of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, any other agreement, any vote of stockholders or directors, the DGCL, any other applicable law or any liability insurance policy.

(e) Exceptions . Any other provision herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall not be obligated under the Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee:

(i) For Expenses incurred in connection with Proceedings initiated or brought voluntarily by the Indemnitee and not by way of defense, counterclaim or crossclaim, except ( x ) as contemplated by Section 3(b), ( y ) in specific cases if the board of directors of the Company has approved the initiation or bringing of such Proceeding, and ( z ) as may be required by law.

(ii) For an accounting of profits arising from the purchase and sale by the Indemnitee of securities within the meaning of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or any similar provisions of any federal, state or local law if the final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction finds Indemnitee to be liable for disgorgement under such Section 16(b).

(iii) On account of Indemnitee’s conduct that is established by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction as knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest or that constituted willful misconduct.

(iv) For which payment is actually made to Indemnitee under a valid and collectible insurance policy or under a valid and enforceable indemnity clause, bylaw or agreement, except in respect of any excess beyond payment actually received by Indemnitee under such insurance, clause, bylaw or agreement.

(v) if and to the extent indemnification is prohibited by applicable law.

(f) Subrogation . In the event of payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the Indemnitee, who shall execute such documents and do such acts as the Company may reasonably request to secure such rights and to enable the Company effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.

 

4


4. Advancement of Expenses .

The Company shall pay all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding in any way connected with, resulting from or relating to Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, other than a Proceeding initiated by Indemnitee for which the Company would not be obligated to indemnify Indemnitee pursuant to Section 3(e)(i), in advance of the final disposition (in accordance with Section 5(c)) of such Proceeding and without regard to whether Indemnitee will ultimately be entitled to be indemnified for such Expenses and without regard to whether an Adverse Determination has been made, except as contemplated by the last sentence of Section 5(f). The right to advances under this Section 4 shall in all events continue until final disposition of any Proceeding, including any appeal therein. Advances shall be made without regard to Indemnitee’s ability to repay the expenses and without regard to Indemnitee’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification under the other provisions of this Agreement. Indemnitee shall qualify for advances upon the execution and delivery to the Company of this Agreement and Indemnitee shall repay such amounts advanced only if and to the extent that it shall ultimately be determined in a decision by a court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal can be taken that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company for such Expenses. The right to advancement described in this Section 4 is vested. Such repayment obligation shall be unsecured and shall not bear interest. The Company shall not impose on Indemnitee additional conditions to advancement or require from Indemnitee additional undertakings regarding repayment.

5. Indemnification Procedure.

(a) Notice of Proceeding; Cooperation . Indemnitee shall give the Company notice in writing as soon as practicable, and, in any event, no later than 30 days after Indemnitee becomes aware, of any Proceeding for which indemnification will or could be sought under this Agreement; provided that any failure or delay in giving such notice shall not relieve the Company of its obligations under this Agreement unless and to the extent that (i) neither the Company nor any Company Subsidiary is party to or aware of such Proceeding and (ii) the Company is materially prejudiced by such failure.

(b) Settlement . The Company will not, without the prior written consent of Indemnitee, which may be provided or withheld in Indemnitee’s sole discretion, effect any settlement of any Proceeding against Indemnitee or which could have been brought against Indemnitee unless such settlement solely involves the payment of money by persons other than Indemnitee and includes an unconditional release of Indemnitee from all liability on any matters that are the subject of such Proceeding and an acknowledgment that Indemnitee denies all wrongdoing in connection with such matters. The Company shall not be obligated to indemnify Indemnitee against amounts paid in settlement of a Proceeding against Indemnitee if such settlement is effected by Indemnitee without the Company’s prior written consent, which shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(c) Request for Payment; Timing of Payment . To obtain indemnification payments or advances under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to a Company a written request therefor, together with such invoices or other supporting information as may be reasonably requested by the Company and reasonably available to Indemnitee. The Company shall make indemnification payments to Indemnitee no later than 30 days, and advances to Indemnitee no later than 20 days, after receipt of the written request of Indemnitee.

 

5


(d) Determination . The Company intends that Indemnitee shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law as provided in Section 3 and that no Determination shall be required in connection with such indemnification. In no event shall a Determination be required in connection with advancement of Expenses pursuant to Section 4 or in connection with indemnification for Expenses incurred as a witness or incurred in connection with any Proceeding or portion thereof with respect to which Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise. Any decision that a Determination is required by law in connection with any other indemnification of Indemnitee, and any such Determination, shall be made within 30 days after receipt of Indemnitee’s written request for indemnification, as follows:

(i) If no Change in Control has occurred, ( w ) by a majority vote of the directors of the Company who are not parties to such Proceeding, even though less than a quorum, with the advice of Independent Legal Counsel, or ( x ) by a committee of such directors designated by majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, with the advice of Independent Legal Counsel, or ( y ) if there are no such directors, or if such directors so direct, by Independent Legal Counsel in a written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee, or ( z ) by the stockholders of the Company.

(ii) If a Change in Control has occurred, by Independent Legal Counsel in a written opinion to the Company and Indemnitee.

The Company shall pay all Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with a Determination.

(e) Independent Legal Counsel . If there has not been a Change in Control, Independent Legal Counsel shall be selected by the board of directors of the Company and approved by Indemnitee (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). If there has been a Change in Control, Independent Legal Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Company (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed). The Company shall pay the fees and expenses of Independent Legal Counsel and indemnify Independent Legal Counsel against any and all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to its engagement.

(f) Consequences of Determination; Remedies of Indemnitee . The Company shall be bound by and shall have no right to challenge a Favorable Determination. If an Adverse Determination is made, or if for any other reason the Company does not make timely indemnification payments or advances of Expenses, Indemnitee shall have the right to commence a Proceeding before a court of competent jurisdiction to challenge such Adverse Determination and/or to require the Company to make such payments or advances. Indemnitee shall be entitled to be indemnified for all Expenses incurred in connection with such a Proceeding in accordance with Section 3(b) and to have such Expenses advanced by the Company in accordance with Section 4. If Indemnitee fails to timely challenge an Adverse Determination, or if Indemnitee challenges an Adverse Determination and such Adverse Determination has been upheld by a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction from which no appeal can be taken, then, to the extent and only to the extent required by such Adverse Determination or final judgment, the Company shall not be obligated to indemnify or advance Expenses to Indemnitee under this Agreement.

 

6


(g) Presumptions; Burden and Standard of Proof . In connection with any Determination, or any review of any Determination, by any person, including a court:

(i) It shall be a presumption that a Determination is not required.

(ii) It shall be a presumption that Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct and that indemnification of Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances.

(iii) The burden of proof shall be on the Company to overcome the presumptions set forth in the preceding clauses (i) and (ii), and each such presumption shall only be overcome if the Company establishes that there is no reasonable basis to support it.

(iv) The termination of any Proceeding by judgment, order, finding, settlement (whether with or without court approval) or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere , or its equivalent, shall not create a presumption that indemnification is not proper or that Indemnitee did not meet the applicable standard of conduct or that a court has determined that indemnification is not permitted by this Agreement or otherwise.

(v) Neither the failure of any person or persons to have made a Determination nor an Adverse Determination by any person or persons shall be a defense to Indemnitee’s claim or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet the applicable standard of conduct, and any Proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 5(f) shall be de novo with respect to all determinations of fact and law.

6. Directors and Officers Liability Insurance .

(a) Maintenance of Insurance . So long as the Company maintains liability insurance for any directors, officers, employees or agents of the Company, the Company shall ensure that Indemnitee is covered by such insurance in such a manner as to provide Indemnitee the same rights and benefits as are accorded to the most favorably insured of the Company’s then current directors and officers. If at any date (i) such insurance ceases to cover acts and omissions occurring during all or any part of the period of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status or (ii) the Company does not maintain any such insurance, the Company shall ensure that Indemnitee is covered, with respect to acts and omissions prior to such date, for at least six years (or such shorter period as is available on commercially reasonable terms) from such date, by other directors and officers liability insurance, in amounts and on terms (including the portion of the period of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status covered) no less favorable to Indemnitee than the amounts and terms of the liability insurance maintained by the Company on the date hereof.

(b) Notice to Insurers . Upon receipt of notice of a Proceeding pursuant to Section 5(a), the Company shall give or cause to be given prompt notice of such Proceeding to all insurers providing liability insurance in accordance with the procedures set forth in all applicable or potentially applicable policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary action to cause such insurers to pay all amounts payable in accordance with the terms of such policies.

7. Exculpation, etc .

(a) Limitation of Liability . If Indemnitee is a director of the Company or any Company Subsidiary, Indemnitee shall not be personally liable to the Company or such Company Subsidiary or to the stockholders of the Company or such Company Subsidiary for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director of the Company or such Company Subsidiary; provided, however, that the foregoing shall not eliminate or limit the liability of the Indemnitee (i)

 

7


for any breach of the Indemnitee’s duty of loyalty to the Company or such Company Subsidiary or the stockholders thereof; (ii) for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of the law; (iii) under Section 174 of the DGCL or any similar provision of other applicable corporations law; or (iv) for any transaction from which the Indemnitee derived an improper personal benefit. If the DGCL or such other applicable law shall be amended to permit further elimination or limitation of the personal liability of directors, then the liability of the Indemnitee shall, automatically, without any further action, be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL or such other applicable law as so amended.

(b) Period of Limitations . No legal action shall be brought and no cause of action shall be asserted by or in the right of the Company or any Company Subsidiary against Indemnitee or Indemnitee’s estate, spouses, heirs, executors, personal or legal representatives, administrators or assigns after the expiration of two years from the date of accrual of such cause of action, and any claim or cause of action of the Company shall be extinguished and deemed released unless asserted by the timely filing of a legal action within such two-year period; provided that, if any shorter period of limitations is otherwise applicable to any such cause of action, such shorter period shall govern.

8. Miscellaneous .

(a) Non-Circumvention . The Company shall not seek or agree to any order of any court or other governmental authority that would prohibit or otherwise interfere, and shall not take or fail to take any other action if such action or failure would reasonably be expected to have the effect of prohibiting or otherwise interfering, with the performance of the Company’s indemnification, advancement or other obligations under this Agreement.

(b) Severability . If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (i) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (ii) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (iii) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any section of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.

(c) Notices. All notices, requests, demands and other communications under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed duly given (i) on the date of delivery if delivered personally, or by facsimile, upon confirmation of receipt, (ii) on the first business day following the date of dispatch if delivered by a recognized next-day courier service or (iii) on the third business day following the date of mailing if delivered by domestic registered or certified mail, properly addressed, or on the fifth business day following the date of mailing if sent by airmail from a country outside of North America, to Indemnitee at the address shown on the signature page of this Agreement, to the Company at the address shown on the signature page of this Agreement, or in either case as subsequently modified by written notice.

 

8


(d) Amendment and Termination . No amendment, modification, termination or cancellation of this Agreement shall be effective unless it is in writing signed by all the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar), nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

(e) Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall be binding upon the Company and its respective successors and assigns, including without limitation any acquiror of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets or business, any person (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended) that acquires beneficial ownership of securities of the Company representing more than 20% of the total voting power represented by the Company’s then outstanding Voting Securities and any survivor of any merger or consolidation to which the Company is party, and shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by Indemnitee and Indemnitee’s estate, spouses, heirs, executors, personal or legal representatives, administrators and assigns. The Company shall require and cause any such successor, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement as if it were named as the Company herein, and the Company shall not permit any such purchase of assets or business, acquisition of securities or merger or consolidation to occur until such written agreement has been executed and delivered. No such assumption and agreement shall relieve the Company of any of its obligations hereunder, and this Agreement shall not otherwise be assignable by the Company. This Agreement is personal in nature and neither of the parties hereto shall, without the consent of the other, assign or delegate this Agreement or any rights or obligations. Without limiting the generality or effect of the foregoing, Indemnitee’s right to receive payments hereunder shall not be assignable, whether by pledge, creation of a security interest or otherwise, other than by a transfer by the Indemnitee’s will or by estate law, and, in the event of any attempted assignment or transfer contrary to this Section 8(e), the Company shall have no liability to pay any amount so attempted to be assigned or transferred.

(f) Choice of Law; Consent to Jurisdiction . This Agreement shall be governed by and its provisions construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, as applied to contracts between Delaware residents entered into and to be performed entirely within Delaware, without regard to the conflict of law principles thereof. The Company and Indemnitee each hereby irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of Delaware for all purposes in connection with any Proceeding which arises out of or relates to this Agreement and agree that any action instituted under this Agreement shall be brought only in the state courts of the State of Delaware.

(g) Integration and Entire Agreement . This Agreement sets forth the entire understanding between the parties hereto and supersedes and merges all previous written and oral negotiations, commitments, understandings and agreements relating to the subject matter hereof between the parties hereto, provided that the provisions hereof shall not supersede the provisions of the Company’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws or other organizational agreement or instrument, any other agreement, any vote of stockholders or directors, the DGCL or other applicable law, to the extent any such provisions shall be more favorable to Indemnitee than the provisions hereof.

(h) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original.

 

9


I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the date first above written.

 

A LBIREO P HARMA , I NC .
By:    

Name:

 

Title:

 
Address:    
   
   

 

A GREED TO AND A CCEPTED :
I NDEMNITEE :  
     

Name:

 
Address:    
   
   

 

10

Exhibit 10.9

ALBIREO PHARMA, INC.

2016 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

 

  1. DEFINITIONS.

Unless otherwise specified or unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms, as used in this Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan, have the following meanings:

Administrator means the Board of Directors, unless it has delegated power to act on its behalf to the Committee, in which case the term Administrator means the Committee.

Affiliate means a corporation which, for purposes of Section 424 of the Code, is a parent or subsidiary of the Company, direct or indirect.

Agreement means an agreement between the Company and a Participant pertaining to a Stock Right delivered pursuant to the Plan in such form as the Administrator shall approve.

Board of Directors means the Board of Directors of the Company.

Cause means, with respect to a Participant: (a) dishonesty with respect to the Company or any Affiliate, (b) insubordination, substantial malfeasance or non-feasance of duty, (c) unauthorized disclosure of confidential information, (d) breach by a Participant of any provision of any employment, consulting, advisory, nondisclosure, non-competition or similar agreement between the Participant and the Company or any Affiliate, and (e) conduct substantially prejudicial to the business of the Company or any Affiliate; provided, however, that any provision in an agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, which contains a conflicting definition of Cause for termination and which is in effect at the time of such termination, shall supersede this definition with respect to that Participant. The determination of the Administrator as to the existence of Cause will be conclusive on the Participant and the Company.

Change of Control means the occurrence of any of the following events (unless otherwise specified in an Agreement):

Ownership . Any “Person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) becomes the “Beneficial Owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the total voting power represented by the Company’s then outstanding voting securities (excluding for this purpose any such voting securities held by the Company or its Affiliates or by any employee benefit plan of the Company) pursuant to a transaction or a series of related transactions which the Board of Directors does not approve; or

Merger/Sale of Assets . (A) A merger or consolidation of the Company whether or not approved by the Board of Directors, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity or the parent of such corporation) more than 50% of the total voting power represented by the voting securities of the Company or such surviving entity or parent of such corporation, as the case may be, outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation; or (B) the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets in a transaction requiring stockholder approval; or

Change in Board Composition . A change in the composition of the Board of Directors, as a result of which fewer than a majority of the directors are Incumbent Directors. “Incumbent Directors” shall mean directors who either (A) are directors of the Company immediately following the closing of the Acquisition (as defined in the Share Exchange Agreement), or (B) are elected, or nominated for election, to the Board of Directors with the affirmative votes of at least a majority of the Incumbent Directors at the time of such election or nomination (but shall not include an individual whose election or nomination is in connection with an actual or threatened proxy contest relating to the election of directors to the Company).


provided , that if any payment or benefit payable hereunder upon or following a Change of Control would be required to comply with the limitations of Section 409A(a)(2)(A)(v) of the Code in order to avoid an additional tax under Section 409A of the Code, such payment or benefit shall be made only if such Change of Control constitutes a change in ownership or control of the Company, or a change in ownership of the Company’s assets in accordance with Section 409A of the Code.

Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any successor statute, regulation and guidance thereto.

Committee means the committee of the Board of Directors to which the Board of Directors has delegated power to act under or pursuant to the provisions of the Plan, the composition of which shall at all times satisfy the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code.

Common Stock means shares of the Company’s common stock, $.01 par value per share.

Company means Albireo Pharma, Inc., a Delaware corporation.

Consultant means any natural person who is an advisor or consultant that provides bona fide services to the Company or its Affiliates, provided that such services are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital raising transaction, and do not directly or indirectly promote or maintain a market for the Company’s or its Affiliates’ securities.

Disability or Disabled means permanent and total disability as defined in Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

Employee means any employee of the Company or of an Affiliate (including, without limitation, an employee who is also serving as an officer or director of the Company or of an Affiliate), designated by the Administrator to be eligible to be granted one or more Stock Rights under the Plan.

Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Fair Market Value of a Share of Common Stock means:

If the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange or traded in the over-the-counter market and sales prices are regularly reported for the Common Stock, the closing or, if not applicable, the last price of the Common Stock on the composite tape or other comparable reporting system for the trading day on the applicable date and if such applicable date is not a trading day, the last market trading day prior to such date;

If the Common Stock is not traded on a national securities exchange but is traded on the over-the-counter market, if sales prices are not regularly reported for the Common Stock for the trading day referred to in clause (1), and if bid and asked prices for the Common Stock are regularly reported, the mean between the bid and the asked price for the Common Stock at the close of trading in the over-the-counter market for the trading day on which Common Stock was traded on the applicable date and if such applicable date is not a trading day, the last market trading day prior to such date; and

If the Common Stock is neither listed on a national securities exchange nor traded in the over-the-counter market, such value as the Administrator, in good faith, shall determine in compliance with applicable laws.

ISO means an option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option under Section 422 of the Code.

Non -Qualified Option means an option which is not intended to qualify as an ISO.

Option means an ISO or Non-Qualified Option granted under the Plan.

Participant means an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or an Affiliate to whom one or more Stock Rights are granted under the Plan. As used herein, “Participant” shall include Participant’s Survivors where the context requires.

Performance Based Award means a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award which vests based on the attainment of written Performance Goals as set forth in Paragraph 9 hereof.

 

2


Performance Goals means performance goals based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) pre-tax income or after-tax income; (ii) income or earnings including operating income, earnings before or after taxes, interest, depreciation, amortization, and/or extraordinary or special items; (iii) net income excluding amortization of intangible assets, depreciation and impairment of goodwill and intangible assets and/or excluding charges attributable to the adoption of new accounting pronouncements; (iv) earnings or book value per share (basic or diluted); (v) return on assets (gross or net), return on investment, return on capital, return on invested capital or return on equity; (vi) return on revenues; (vii) cash flow, free cash flow, cash flow return on investment (discounted or otherwise), net cash provided by operations, or cash flow in excess of cost of capital; (viii) economic value created; (ix) operating margin or profit margin; (x) stock price or total stockholder return; (xi) income or earnings from continuing operations; (xii) cost targets, reductions and savings, expense management, productivity and efficiencies; (xiii) operational objectives, consisting of one or more objectives based on achieving progress in research and development programs or achieving regulatory milestones related to development and or approval of products; and (xiv) strategic business criteria, consisting of one or more objectives based on meeting specified market penetration or market share of one or more products or customers, geographic business expansion, employee satisfaction, human resources management, supervision of litigation, information technology, and goals relating to acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, collaborations and licensing or similar transactions. Where applicable, the Performance Goals may be expressed in terms of a relative measure against a set of identified peer group companies, attaining a specified level of the particular criterion or the attainment of a percentage increase or decrease in the particular criterion, and may be applied to one or more of the Company or an Affiliate of the Company, or a division or strategic business unit of the Company, all as determined by the Committee. The Performance Goals may include a threshold level of performance below which no Performance-Based Award will be issued or no vesting will occur, levels of performance at which Performance-Based Awards will be issued or specified vesting will occur, and a maximum level of performance above which no additional issuances will be made or at which full vesting will occur. Each of the foregoing Performance Goals shall be evaluated in an objectively determinable manner in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code and in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles where applicable, unless otherwise specified by the Committee, and shall be subject to certification by the Committee. The Committee shall have the authority to make equitable adjustments to the Performance Goals in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting the Company or any Affiliate or the financial statements of the Company or any Affiliate, in response to changes in applicable laws or regulations, or to account for items of gain, loss or expense determined to be extraordinary or unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence or related to the disposal of a segment of a business or related to a change in accounting principles provided that any such change shall at all times satisfy the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Code.

Plan means this Albireo Pharma, Inc. 2016 Equity Incentive Plan.

Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Share Exchange Agreement means the Amended and Restated Share Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2016, by and among the Company (f/k/a Biodel Inc.), Albireo Limited and the sellers listed on Schedule I thereto.

Shares means shares of the Common Stock as to which Stock Rights have been or may be granted under the Plan or any shares of capital stock into which the Shares are changed or for which they are exchanged within the provisions of Paragraph 3 of the Plan. The Shares issued under the Plan may be authorized and unissued shares or shares held by the Company in its treasury, or both.

Stock-Based Award means a grant by the Company under the Plan of an equity award or an equity based award which is not an Option or a Stock Grant, which the Committee may, in its sole discretion, structure to qualify in whole or in part as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

3


Stock Grant means a grant by the Company of Shares under the Plan, which the Committee may, in its sole discretion, structure to qualify in whole or in part as “performance-based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code.

Stock Right means a right to Shares or the value of Shares of the Company granted pursuant to the Plan — an ISO, a Non-Qualified Option, a Stock Grant or a Stock-Based Award.

Survivor means a deceased Participant’s legal representatives and/or any person or persons who acquired the Participant’s rights to a Stock Right by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.

 

  2. PURPOSES OF THE PLAN.

The Plan is intended to encourage ownership of Shares by Employees and directors of and certain Consultants to the Company and its Affiliates in order to attract and retain such people, to induce them to work for the benefit of the Company or of an Affiliate and to provide additional incentive for them to promote the success of the Company or of an Affiliate. The Plan provides for the granting of ISOs, Non-Qualified Options, Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards.

 

  3. SHARES SUBJECT TO THE PLAN.

(a) The number of Shares which may be issued from time to time pursuant to this Plan shall be the sum of: (i) 635,000 Shares, plus (ii) no more than 249,059 Shares that are represented by awards granted under the Biodel Inc. 2010 Stock Incentive Plan, if and to the extent that any of such Shares are forfeited, expire or are cancelled without delivery of Shares or which result in the forfeiture of Shares back to the Company after the closing of the Acquisition (as defined in the Share Exchange Agreement), or the equivalent of such number of Shares after the Administrator, in its sole discretion, has interpreted the effect of any stock split, stock dividend, combination, recapitalization or similar transaction in accordance with Paragraph 25 of the Plan; provided, however, that the numbers in this Paragraph 3(a) shall not be adjusted to reflect the 30:1 reverse stock split to be effected following the 2016 annual meeting of stockholders of Biodel Inc.

(b) If an Option ceases to be “outstanding,” in whole or in part (other than by exercise), or if the Company shall reacquire (at not more than its original issuance price) any Shares issued pursuant to a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award, or if any Stock Right expires or is forfeited, cancelled, or otherwise terminated or results in any Shares not being issued, the unissued or reacquired Shares which were subject to such Stock Right shall again be available for issuance from time to time pursuant to this Plan, subject, in the case of ISOs, to any limitations under the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing: (i) if a Stock Right is exercised, in whole or in part, by the tender or withholding of Shares or if the Company or an Affiliate’s tax withholding obligation is satisfied by the tender or withholding of Shares, the number of Shares deemed to have been issued under the Plan for purposes of the limitation set forth in Paragraph 3(a) above shall be the gross number of Shares that were subject to the Stock Right or portion thereof and not the net number of Shares actually issued; and (ii) any Shares purchased on the open market from the proceeds of an exercise of a Stock Right shall not be available for issuance pursuant to this Plan.

 

  4. ADMINISTRATION OF THE PLAN.

The Administrator of the Plan will be the Board of Directors, except to the extent the Board of Directors delegates its authority to the Committee, in which case the Committee shall be the Administrator. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may not take any action that would cause any outstanding Stock Right that would otherwise qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code to fail to so qualify. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Administrator is authorized to:

(a) Interpret the provisions of the Plan and all Stock Rights and to make all rules and determinations which it deems necessary or advisable for the administration of the Plan;

(b) Determine which Employees, directors and Consultants shall be granted Stock Rights;

 

4


(c) Determine the number of Shares for which a Stock Right or Stock Rights shall be granted, provided, however, that in no event shall Stock Rights with respect to more than 200,000 Shares be granted to any Participant in any fiscal year; and provided, further, however, that this number shall not be adjusted to reflect the 30:1 reverse stock split to be effected following the 2016 annual meeting of stockholders of Biodel Inc.;

(d) Specify the terms and conditions upon which a Stock Right or Stock Rights may be granted, provided, however, except in the case of (i) death, disability or retirement of the Participant or (ii) a Change of Control, Stock Rights shall not vest in full, and any right of the Company to restrict or reacquire Shares subject to a Stock Grant shall not lapse completely, less than one (1) year from the date of grant, provided that any time-based vesting with respect to such Stock Right or Stock Grant may continue incrementally pursuant to the terms of such Stock Right or Stock Grant over such one-year period; and provided further that, notwithstanding the foregoing, Stock Rights may be granted to non-employee directors having time-based vesting of less than one (1) year from the date of grant so long as no more than ten percent (10%) of the Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan pursuant to Paragraph 3(a) above (as adjusted under Paragraph 25 of this Plan) may be granted in the aggregate pursuant to such awards;

(e) Determine Performance Goals no later than such time as required to ensure that a Performance-Based Award which is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code so complies;

(f) Amend any term or condition of any outstanding Stock Right, other than reducing the exercise price or purchase price or extending the expiration date of an Option, provided that (i) such term or condition as amended is not prohibited by the Plan; (ii) any such amendment shall not impair the rights of a Participant under any Stock Right previously granted without such Participant’s consent or in the event of death of the Participant the Participant’s Survivors; and (iii) any such amendment shall be made only after the Administrator determines whether such amendment would cause any adverse tax consequences to the Participant, including, but not limited to, the annual vesting limitation contained in Section 422(d) of the Code and described in Paragraph 6(b)(iv) below with respect to ISOs and pursuant to Section 409A of the Code;

(g) Make any adjustments in the Performance Goals included in any Performance-Based Awards provided that such adjustments comply with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code; and

(h) Adopt any sub-plans applicable to residents of any specified jurisdiction as it deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with or take advantage of any tax or other laws applicable to the Company, any Affiliate or to Participants or to otherwise facilitate the administration of the Plan, which sub-plans may include additional restrictions or conditions applicable to Stock Rights or Shares issuable pursuant to a Stock Right;

provided, however, that all such interpretations, rules, determinations, terms and conditions shall be made and prescribed in the context of not causing any adverse tax consequences under Section 409A of the Code and preserving the tax status under Section 422 of the Code of those Options which are designated as ISOs and in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code for all other Stock Rights to which the Committee has determined Section 162(m) is applicable. Subject to the foregoing, the interpretation and construction by the Administrator of any provisions of the Plan or of any Stock Right granted under it shall be final, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors, if the Administrator is the Committee. In addition, if the Administrator is the Committee, the Board of Directors may take any action under the Plan that would otherwise be the responsibility of the Committee.

To the extent permitted under applicable law, the Board of Directors or the Committee may allocate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any one or more of its members and may delegate all or any portion of its responsibilities and powers to any other person selected by it. The Board of Directors or the Committee may revoke any such allocation or delegation at any time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, only the Board of Directors or the Committee shall be authorized to grant a Stock Right to any director of the Company or to any “officer” of the Company as defined by Rule 16a-1 under the Exchange Act.

 

5


  5. ELIGIBILITY FOR PARTICIPATION.

The Administrator will, in its sole discretion, name the Participants in the Plan; provided, however, that each Participant must be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate at the time a Stock Right is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may authorize the grant of a Stock Right to a person not then an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate; provided, however, that the actual grant of such Stock Right shall be conditioned upon such person becoming eligible to become a Participant at or prior to the time of the execution of the Agreement evidencing such Stock Right. ISOs may be granted only to Employees who are deemed to be residents of the United States for tax purposes. Non-Qualified Options, Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards may be granted to any Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or an Affiliate. The granting of any Stock Right to any individual shall neither entitle that individual to, nor disqualify him or her from, participation in any other grant of Stock Rights or any grant under any other benefit plan established by the Company or any Affiliate for Employees, directors or Consultants.

 

  6. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OPTIONS.

Each Option shall be set forth in writing in an Option Agreement, duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Administrator may provide that Options be granted subject to such terms and conditions, consistent with the terms and conditions specifically required under this Plan, as the Administrator may deem appropriate including, without limitation, subsequent approval by the stockholders of the Company of this Plan or any amendments thereto. The Option Agreements shall be subject to at least the following terms and conditions:

(a) Non-Qualified Options : Each Option intended to be a Non-Qualified Option shall be subject to the terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company, subject to the following minimum standards for any such Non-Qualified Option:

 

  (i) Exercise Price : Each Option Agreement shall state the exercise price (per share) of the Shares covered by each Option, which exercise price shall be determined by the Administrator and shall be at least equal to the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option.

 

  (ii) Number of Shares : Each Option Agreement shall state the number of Shares to which it pertains.

 

  (iii) Vesting : Each Option Agreement shall state the date or dates on which it first is exercisable and the date after which it may no longer be exercised, and may provide that the Option rights accrue or become exercisable in installments over a period of months or years, or upon the occurrence of certain performance conditions or the attainment of stated goals or events.

 

  (iv) Additional Conditions : Exercise of any Option may be conditioned upon the Participant’s execution of a Share purchase agreement in form satisfactory to the Administrator providing for certain protections for the Company and its other stockholders, including requirements that:

 

  A. The Participant’s or the Participant’s Survivors’ right to sell or transfer the Shares may be restricted; and

 

  B. The Participant or the Participant’s Survivors may be required to execute letters of investment intent and must also acknowledge that the Shares will bear legends noting any applicable restrictions.

 

  (v) Term of Option : Each Option shall terminate not more than ten years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide.

 

6


(b) ISOs : Each Option intended to be an ISO shall be issued only to an Employee who is deemed to be a resident of the United States for tax purposes, and shall be subject to the following terms and conditions, with such additional restrictions or changes as the Administrator determines are appropriate but not in conflict with Section 422 of the Code and relevant regulations and rulings of the Internal Revenue Service:

 

  (i) Minimum Standards : The ISO shall meet the minimum standards required of Non-Qualified Options, as described in Paragraph 6(a) above, except clause (i) and (v) thereunder.

 

  (ii) Exercise Price : Immediately before the ISO is granted, if the Participant owns, directly or by reason of the applicable attribution rules in Section 424(d) of the Code:

 

  A. 10% or less of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, the exercise price per share of the Shares covered by each ISO shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option; or

 

  B. More than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, the exercise price per share of the Shares covered by each ISO shall not be less than 110% of the Fair Market Value per share of the Common Stock on the date of grant of the Option.

 

  (iii) Term of Option : For Participants who own:

 

  A. 10% or less of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, each ISO shall terminate not more than ten years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide; or

 

  B. More than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate, each ISO shall terminate not more than five years from the date of the grant or at such earlier time as the Option Agreement may provide.

 

  (iv) Limitation on Yearly Exercise : The Option Agreements shall restrict the amount of ISOs which may become exercisable in any calendar year (under this or any other ISO plan of the Company or an Affiliate) so that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined on the date each ISO is granted) of the stock with respect to which ISOs are exercisable for the first time by the Participant in any calendar year does not exceed $100,000.

 

  7. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF STOCK GRANTS.

Each Stock Grant to a Participant shall state the principal terms in an Agreement duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Agreement shall be in a form approved by the Administrator and shall contain terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company, subject to the following minimum standards:

(a) Each Agreement shall state the purchase price per share, if any, of the Shares covered by each Stock Grant, which purchase price shall be determined by the Administrator but shall not be less than the minimum consideration required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, if any, on the date of the grant of the Stock Grant;

(b) Each Agreement shall state the number of Shares to which the Stock Grant pertains; and

(c) Each Agreement shall include the terms of any right of the Company to restrict or reacquire the Shares subject to the Stock Grant, including the time period or attainment of Performance Goals or such other performance criteria upon which such rights shall accrue and the purchase price therefor, if any.

 

  8. TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF OTHER STOCK-BASED AWARDS.

The Administrator shall have the right to grant other Stock-Based Awards based upon the Common Stock having such terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine, including, without limitation, the grant of

 

7


Shares based upon certain conditions, the grant of securities convertible into Shares and the grant of stock appreciation rights, phantom stock awards or stock units. The principal terms of each Stock-Based Award shall be set forth in an Agreement, duly executed by the Company and, to the extent required by law or requested by the Company, by the Participant. The Agreement shall be in a form approved by the Administrator and shall contain terms and conditions which the Administrator determines to be appropriate and in the best interest of the Company. Each Agreement shall include the terms of any right of the Company including the right to terminate the Stock-Based Award without the issuance of Shares, the terms of any vesting conditions, Performance Goals or events upon which Shares shall be issued. Under no circumstances may the Agreement covering stock appreciation rights (a) have an exercise price (per share) that is less than the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of grant or (b) expire more than ten years following the date of grant.

The Company intends that the Plan and any Stock-Based Awards granted hereunder be exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code or meet the requirements of paragraphs (2), (3) and (4) of subsection (a) of Section 409A of the Code, to the extent applicable, and be operated in accordance with Section 409A so that any compensation deferred under any Stock-Based Award (and applicable investment earnings) shall not be included in income under Section 409A of the Code. Any ambiguities in the Plan shall be construed to effect the intent as described in this Paragraph 8.

 

  9. PERFORMANCE BASED AWARDS.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, during any period when Section 162(m) of the Code is applicable to the Company and the Plan, Stock Rights granted under Paragraph 7 and Paragraph 8 may be granted by the Committee in a manner which is deductible by the Company under Section 162(m) of the Code (“Performance-Based Awards”). A Participant’s Performance-Based Award shall be determined based on the attainment of written Performance Goals, which must be objective and approved by the Committee for a performance period of between one and five years established by the Committee (I) while the outcome for that performance period is substantially uncertain and (II) no more than 90 days after the commencement of the performance period to which the Performance Goal relates or, if less, the number of days which is equal to 25% of the relevant performance period. The Committee shall determine whether, with respect to a performance period, the applicable Performance Goals have been met with respect to a given Participant and, if they have, to so certify and ascertain the amount of the applicable Performance-Based Award. No Performance-Based Awards will be issued for such performance period until such certification is made by the Committee. The number of shares issued in respect of a Performance-Based Award to a given Participant may be less than the amount determined by the applicable Performance Goal formula, at the discretion of the Committee. The number of shares issued in respect of a Performance-Based Award determined by the Committee for a performance period shall be paid to the Participant at such time as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion after the end of such performance period. Nothing in this Section shall prohibit the Company from granting Stock-Based Awards subject to performance criteria that do not comply with this Paragraph.

 

  10. EXERCISE OF OPTIONS AND ISSUE OF SHARES.

An Option (or any part or installment thereof) shall be exercised by giving written notice to the Company or its designee (in a form acceptable to the Administrator, which may include electronic notice), together with provision for payment of the aggregate exercise price in accordance with this Paragraph for the Shares as to which the Option is being exercised, and upon compliance with any other condition(s) set forth in the Option Agreement. Such notice shall be signed by the person exercising the Option (which signature may be provided electronically in a form acceptable to the Administrator), shall state the number of Shares with respect to which the Option is being exercised and shall contain any representation required by the Plan or the Option Agreement. Payment of the exercise price for the Shares as to which such Option is being exercised shall be made (a) in United States dollars in cash or by check; or (b) at the discretion of the Administrator, through delivery of shares of Common Stock held for at least six months (if required to avoid negative accounting treatment) having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of the exercise to the aggregate cash exercise price for the number of Shares as to which the Option is being exercised; or (c) at the discretion of the Administrator, by having the Company retain from the Shares otherwise

 

8


issuable upon exercise of the Option, a number of Shares having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of exercise to the aggregate exercise price for the number of Shares as to which the Option is being exercised; or (d) at the discretion of the Administrator, in accordance with a cashless exercise program established with a securities brokerage firm, and approved by the Administrator; or (e) at the discretion of the Administrator, by any combination of (a), (b), (c) and (d) above or (f) at the discretion of the Administrator, by payment of such other lawful consideration as the Administrator may determine. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator shall accept only such payment on exercise of an ISO as is permitted by Section 422 of the Code.

The Company shall then reasonably promptly deliver the Shares as to which such Option was exercised to the Participant (or to the Participant’s Survivors, as the case may be). In determining what constitutes “reasonably promptly,” it is expressly understood that the issuance and delivery of the Shares may be delayed by the Company in order to comply with any law or regulation (including, without limitation, state securities or “blue sky” laws) which requires the Company to take any action with respect to the Shares prior to their issuance. The Shares shall, upon delivery, be fully paid, non-assessable Shares.

 

  11. PAYMENT IN CONNECTION WITH THE ISSUANCE OF STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS AND ISSUE OF SHARES.

Any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award requiring payment of a purchase price for the Shares as to which such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award is being granted shall be made (a) in United States dollars in cash or by check; or (b) at the discretion of the Administrator, through delivery of shares of Common Stock held for at least six months (if required to avoid negative accounting treatment) and having a Fair Market Value equal as of the date of payment to the purchase price of the Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award; or (c) at the discretion of the Administrator, by any combination of (a) and (b) above; or (d) at the discretion of the Administrator, by payment of such other lawful consideration as the Administrator may determine.

The Company shall when required by the applicable Agreement, reasonably promptly deliver the Shares as to which such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award was made to the Participant (or to the Participant’s Survivors, as the case may be), subject to any escrow provision set forth in the applicable Agreement. In determining what constitutes “reasonably promptly,” it is expressly understood that the issuance and delivery of the Shares may be delayed by the Company in order to comply with any law or regulation (including, without limitation, state securities or “blue sky” laws) which requires the Company to take any action with respect to the Shares prior to their issuance.

 

  12. RIGHTS AS A STOCKHOLDER.

No Participant to whom a Stock Right has been granted shall have rights as a stockholder with respect to any Shares covered by such Stock Right except after due exercise of an Option or issuance of Shares as set forth in any Agreement, tender of the aggregate exercise or purchase price, if any, for the Shares being purchased and registration of the Shares in the Company’s share register in the name of the Participant.

 

  13. ASSIGNABILITY AND TRANSFERABILITY OF STOCK RIGHTS.

By its terms, a Stock Right granted to a Participant shall not be transferable by the Participant other than (i) by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, or (ii) as approved by the Administrator in its discretion and set forth in the applicable Agreement provided that no Stock Right may be transferred by a Participant for value. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an ISO transferred except in compliance with clause (i) above shall no longer qualify as an ISO. The designation of a beneficiary of a Stock Right by a Participant, with the prior approval of the Administrator and in such form as the Administrator shall prescribe, shall not be deemed a transfer prohibited by this Paragraph. Except as provided above during the Participant’s lifetime a Stock Right shall only be exercisable by or issued to such Participant (or his or her legal representative) and shall not be assigned, pledged or hypothecated in any way (whether by operation of law or otherwise) and shall not be subject to execution, attachment or similar process. Any attempted transfer, assignment, pledge, hypothecation or other disposition of any Stock Right or of any rights granted thereunder contrary to the provisions of this Plan, or the levy of any attachment or similar process upon a Stock Right, shall be null and void.

 

9


  14. EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE OTHER THAN FOR CAUSE OR DEATH OR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement, in the event of a termination of service (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate before the Participant has exercised an Option, the following rules apply:

(a) A Participant who ceases to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate (for any reason other than termination for Cause, Disability, or death for which events there are special rules in Paragraphs 15, 16, and 17, respectively), may exercise any Option granted to him or her to the extent that the Option is exercisable on the date of such termination of service, but only within such term as the Administrator has designated in a Participant’s Option Agreement.

(b) Except as provided in Subparagraph (c) below, or Paragraph 16 or 17, in no event may an Option intended to be an ISO, be exercised later than three months after the Participant’s termination of employment.

(c) The provisions of this Paragraph, and not the provisions of Paragraph 16 or 17, shall apply to a Participant who subsequently becomes Disabled or dies after the termination of employment, director status or consultancy; provided, however, in the case of a Participant’s Disability or death within three months after the termination of employment, director status or consultancy, the Participant or the Participant’s Survivors may exercise the Option within one year after the date of the Participant’s termination of service, but in no event after the date of expiration of the term of the Option.

(d) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, if subsequent to a Participant’s termination of employment, termination of director status or termination of consultancy, but prior to the exercise of an Option, the Administrator determines that, either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination, the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then such Participant shall forthwith cease to have any right to exercise any Option.

(e) A Participant to whom an Option has been granted under the Plan who is absent from the Company or an Affiliate because of temporary disability (any disability other than a Disability as defined in Paragraph 1 hereof), or who is on leave of absence for any purpose, shall not, during the period of any such absence, be deemed, by virtue of such absence alone, to have terminated such Participant’s employment, director status or consultancy with the Company or with an Affiliate, except as the Administrator may otherwise expressly provide; provided, however, that, for ISOs, any leave of absence granted by the Administrator of greater than ninety days, unless pursuant to a contract or statute that guarantees the right to reemployment, shall cause such ISO to become a Non-Qualified Option on the 181 st day following such leave of absence.

(f) Except as required by law or as set forth in a Participant’s Option Agreement, Options granted under the Plan shall not be affected by any change of a Participant’s status within or among the Company and any Affiliates, so long as the Participant continues to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate.

 

  15. EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR CAUSE.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement, the following rules apply if the Participant’s service (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for Cause prior to the time that all his or her outstanding Options have been exercised:

(a) All outstanding and unexercised Options as of the time the Participant is notified his or her service is terminated for Cause will immediately be forfeited.

 

10


(b) Cause is not limited to events which have occurred prior to a Participant’s termination of service, nor is it necessary that the Administrator’s finding of Cause occur prior to termination. If the Administrator determines, subsequent to a Participant’s termination of service but prior to the exercise of an Option, that either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then the right to exercise any Option is forfeited.

 

  16. EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement:

(a) A Participant who ceases to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate by reason of Disability may exercise any Option granted to such Participant to the extent that the Option has become exercisable but has not been exercised on the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability; and in the event rights to exercise the Option accrue periodically, to the extent of a pro rata portion through the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability of any additional vesting rights that would have accrued on the next vesting date had the Participant not become Disabled. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued in the current vesting period prior to the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability.

(b) A Disabled Participant may exercise the Option only within the period ending one year after the date of the Participant’s termination of service due to Disability, notwithstanding that the Participant might have been able to exercise the Option as to some or all of the Shares on a later date if the Participant had not been terminated due to Disability and had continued to be an Employee, director or Consultant or, if earlier, within the originally prescribed term of the Option.

(c) The Administrator shall make the determination both of whether Disability has occurred and the date of its occurrence (unless a procedure for such determination is set forth in another agreement between the Company and such Participant, in which case such procedure shall be used for such determination). If requested, the Participant shall be examined by a physician selected or approved by the Administrator, the cost of which examination shall be paid for by the Company.

 

  17. EFFECT ON OPTIONS OF DEATH WHILE AN EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR OR CONSULTANT.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Option Agreement:

(a) In the event of the death of a Participant while the Participant is an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate, such Option may be exercised by the Participant’s Survivors to the extent that the Option has become exercisable but has not been exercised on the date of death; and in the event rights to exercise the Option accrue periodically, to the extent of a pro rata portion through the date of death of any additional vesting rights that would have accrued on the next vesting date had the Participant not died. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued in the current vesting period prior to the Participant’s date of death.

(b) If the Participant’s Survivors wish to exercise the Option, they must take all necessary steps to exercise the Option within one year after the date of death of such Participant, notwithstanding that the decedent might have been able to exercise the Option as to some or all of the Shares on a later date if he or she had not died and had continued to be an Employee, director or Consultant or, if earlier, within the originally prescribed term of the Option.

 

  18. EFFECT OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS.

In the event of a termination of service (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate for any reason before the Participant has accepted a Stock Grant or a Stock-Based Award and paid the purchase price, if required, such grant shall terminate.

 

11


For purposes of this Paragraph 18 and Paragraph 19 below, a Participant to whom a Stock Grant or a Stock-Based Award has been issued under the Plan who is absent from work with the Company or with an Affiliate because of temporary disability (any disability other than a Disability as defined in Paragraph 1 hereof), or who is on leave of absence for any purpose, shall not, during the period of any such absence, be deemed, by virtue of such absence alone, to have terminated such Participant’s employment, director status or consultancy with the Company or with an Affiliate, except as the Administrator may otherwise expressly provide.

In addition, for purposes of this Paragraph 18 and Paragraph 19 below, any change of employment or other service within or among the Company and any Affiliates shall not be treated as a termination of employment, director status or consultancy so long as the Participant continues to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or any Affiliate.

 

  19. EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE OTHER THAN FOR CAUSE, DEATH OR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, in the event of a termination of service for any reason (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant), other than termination for Cause, death or Disability for which there are special rules in Paragraphs 20, 21, and 22 below, before all forfeiture provisions or Company rights of repurchase shall have lapsed, then the Company shall have the right to cancel or repurchase that number of Shares subject to a Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award as to which the Company’s forfeiture or repurchase rights have not lapsed.

 

  20. EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR CAUSE.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply if the Participant’s service (whether as an Employee, director or Consultant) with the Company or an Affiliate is terminated for Cause:

(a) All Shares subject to any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award that remain subject to forfeiture provisions or as to which the Company shall have a repurchase right shall be immediately forfeited to the Company as of the time the Participant is notified his or her service is terminated for Cause.

(b) Cause is not limited to events which have occurred prior to a Participant’s termination of service, nor is it necessary that the Administrator’s finding of Cause occur prior to termination. If the Administrator determines, subsequent to a Participant’s termination of service, that either prior or subsequent to the Participant’s termination the Participant engaged in conduct which would constitute Cause, then all Shares subject to any Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award that remained subject to forfeiture provisions or as to which the Company had a repurchase right on the date of termination shall be immediately forfeited to the Company.

 

  21. EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF TERMINATION OF SERVICE FOR DISABILITY.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply if a Participant ceases to be an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate by reason of Disability: to the extent the forfeiture provisions or the Company’s rights of repurchase have not lapsed on the date of Disability, they shall be exercisable; provided, however, that in the event such forfeiture provisions or rights of repurchase lapse periodically, such provisions or rights shall lapse to the extent of a pro rata portion of the Shares subject to such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award through the date of Disability as would have lapsed had the Participant not become Disabled. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued prior to the date of Disability.

The Administrator shall make the determination both as to whether Disability has occurred and the date of its occurrence (unless a procedure for such determination is set forth in another agreement between the Company

 

12


and such Participant, in which case such procedure shall be used for such determination). If requested, the Participant shall be examined by a physician selected or approved by the Administrator, the cost of which examination shall be paid for by the Company.

 

  22. EFFECT ON STOCK GRANTS AND STOCK-BASED AWARDS OF DEATH WHILE AN EMPLOYEE, DIRECTOR OR CONSULTANT.

Except as otherwise provided in a Participant’s Agreement, the following rules apply in the event of the death of a Participant while the Participant is an Employee, director or Consultant of the Company or of an Affiliate: to the extent the forfeiture provisions or the Company’s rights of repurchase have not lapsed on the date of death, they shall be exercisable; provided, however, that in the event such forfeiture provisions or rights of repurchase lapse periodically, such provisions or rights shall lapse to the extent of a pro rata portion of the Shares subject to such Stock Grant or Stock-Based Award through the date of death as would have lapsed had the Participant not died. The proration shall be based upon the number of days accrued prior to the Participant’s date of death.

 

  23. PURCHASE FOR INVESTMENT.

Unless the offering and sale of the Shares shall have been effectively registered under the Securities Act, the Company shall be under no obligation to issue Shares under the Plan unless and until the following conditions have been fulfilled:

(a) The person who receives a Stock Right shall warrant to the Company, prior to the receipt of Shares, that such person is acquiring such Shares for his or her own account, for investment, and not with a view to, or for sale in connection with, the distribution of any such Shares, in which event the person acquiring such Shares shall be bound by the provisions of the following legend (or a legend in substantially similar form) which shall be endorsed upon the certificate evidencing the Shares issued pursuant to such exercise or such grant of a Stock Right:

“The shares represented by this certificate have been taken for investment and they may not be sold or otherwise transferred by any person, including a pledgee, unless (1) either (a) a Registration Statement with respect to such shares shall be effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or (b) the Company shall have received an opinion of counsel satisfactory to it that an exemption from registration under such Act is then available, and (2) there shall have been compliance with all applicable state securities laws.”

(b) At the discretion of the Administrator, the Company shall have received an opinion of its counsel that the Shares may be issued in compliance with the Securities Act without registration thereunder.

 

  24. DISSOLUTION OR LIQUIDATION OF THE COMPANY.

Upon the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, all Options granted under this Plan which as of such date shall not have been exercised and all Stock Grants and Stock-Based Awards which have not been accepted, to the extent required under the applicable Agreement, will terminate and become null and void; provided, however, that if the rights of a Participant or a Participant’s Survivors have not otherwise terminated and expired, the Participant or the Participant’s Survivors will have the right immediately prior to such dissolution or liquidation to exercise or accept any Stock Right to the extent that the Stock Right is exercisable or subject to acceptance as of the date immediately prior to such dissolution or liquidation. Upon the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, any outstanding Stock-Based Awards shall immediately terminate unless otherwise determined by the Administrator or specifically provided in the applicable Agreement.

 

  25. ADJUSTMENTS.

Upon the occurrence of any of the following events, a Participant’s rights with respect to any Stock Right granted to him or her hereunder shall be adjusted as hereinafter provided, unless otherwise specifically provided in a Participant’s Agreement.

(a) Stock Dividends and Stock Splits . If (i) the shares of Common Stock shall be subdivided or combined into a greater or smaller number of shares or if the Company shall issue any shares of Common Stock as a stock

 

13


dividend on its outstanding Common Stock, or (ii) additional shares or new or different shares or other securities of the Company or other non-cash assets are distributed with respect to such shares of Common Stock, each Stock Right and the number of shares of Common Stock deliverable thereunder shall be appropriately increased or decreased proportionately, and appropriate adjustments shall be made including, in the exercise or purchase price per share, to reflect such events. The number of Shares subject to the limitations in Paragraph 3(a) and 4(c) shall also be proportionately adjusted upon the occurrence of such events and the Performance Goals applicable to outstanding Performance-Based Awards.

(b) Corporate Transactions . If the Company is to be consolidated with or acquired by another entity in a merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets other than a transaction to merely change the state of incorporation (a “Corporate Transaction”), the Administrator or the board of directors of any entity assuming the obligations of the Company hereunder (the “Successor Board”), shall, as to outstanding Options, either (i) make appropriate provision for the continuation of such Options by substituting on an equitable basis for the Shares then subject to such Options either the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock in connection with the Corporate Transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity; or (ii) upon written notice to the Participants, provide that such Options must be exercised (either (A) to the extent then exercisable or, (B) at the discretion of the Administrator, any such Options being made partially or fully exercisable for purposes of this Subparagraph), within a specified number of days of the date of such notice, at the end of which period such Options which have not been exercised shall terminate; or (iii) terminate such Options in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such Corporate Transaction to a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock into which such Option would have been exercisable (either (A) to the extent then exercisable or, (B) at the discretion of the Administrator, any such Options being made partially or fully exercisable for purposes of this Subparagraph) less the aggregate exercise price thereof. For purposes of determining the payments to be made pursuant to Subclause (iii) above, in the case of a Corporate Transaction the consideration for which, in whole or in part, is other than cash, the consideration other than cash shall be valued at the fair value thereof as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Corporate Transaction also constitutes a Change of Control, then all Options outstanding on the date of the Corporate Transaction shall vest in full immediately prior to the occurrence of the Change of Control, unless such Options are to be assumed by the acquiring or surviving entity in the Corporate Transaction, in which case they shall retain their original vesting schedule.

With respect to outstanding Stock Grants, the Administrator or the Successor Board, shall make appropriate provision for the continuation of such Stock Grants on the same terms and conditions by substituting on an equitable basis for the Shares then subject to such Stock Grants either the consideration payable with respect to the outstanding Shares of Common Stock in connection with the Corporate Transaction or securities of any successor or acquiring entity. In lieu of the foregoing, in connection with any Corporate Transaction, the Administrator may provide that, upon consummation of the Corporate Transaction, each outstanding Stock Grant shall be terminated in exchange for payment of an amount equal to the consideration payable upon consummation of such Corporate Transaction to a holder of the number of shares of Common Stock comprising such Stock Grant (to the extent such Stock Grant is no longer subject to any forfeiture or repurchase rights then in effect or, at the discretion of the Administrator, all forfeiture and repurchase rights being waived upon such Corporate Transaction).

In taking any of the actions permitted under this Paragraph 25(b), the Administrator shall not be obligated by the Plan to treat all Stock Rights, all Stock Rights held by a Participant, or all Stock Rights of the same type, identically.

(c) Recapitalization or Reorganization . In the event of a recapitalization or reorganization of the Company other than a Corporate Transaction pursuant to which securities of the Company or of another corporation are issued with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock, a Participant upon exercising an Option or

 

14


accepting a Stock Grant after the recapitalization or reorganization shall be entitled to receive for the price paid upon such exercise or acceptance if any, the number of replacement securities which would have been received if such Option had been exercised or Stock Grant accepted prior to such recapitalization or reorganization.

(d) Adjustments to Stock-Based Awards . Upon the happening of any of the events described in Subparagraphs (a), (b) or (c) above, any outstanding Stock-Based Award shall be appropriately adjusted to reflect the events described in such Subparagraphs. The Administrator or the Successor Board shall determine the specific adjustments to be made under this Paragraph 25, including, but not limited to, the effect of any Corporate Transaction and Change of Control, and subject to Paragraph 4, its determination shall be conclusive.

(e) Modification of Options . Notwithstanding the foregoing, any adjustments made pursuant to Subparagraph (a), (b) or (c) above with respect to Options shall be made only after the Administrator determines whether such adjustments would (i) constitute a “modification” of any ISOs (as that term is defined in Section 424(h) of the Code) or (ii) cause any adverse tax consequences for the holders of Options, including, but not limited to, pursuant to Section 409A of the Code. If the Administrator determines that such adjustments made with respect to Options would constitute a modification or other adverse tax consequence, it may refrain from making such adjustments, unless the holder of an Option specifically agrees in writing that such adjustment be made and such writing indicates that the holder has full knowledge of the consequences of such “modification” on his or her income tax treatment with respect to the Option. This paragraph shall not apply to the acceleration of the vesting of any ISO that would cause any portion of the ISO to violate the annual vesting limitation contained in Section 422(d) of the Code, as described in Paragraph 6(b)(iv).

(f) Modification of Performance-Based Awards . Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to any Performance-Based Award that is intended to comply as “performance based compensation” under Section 162(m) of the Code, the Committee may adjust downwards, but not upwards, the number of Shares payable pursuant to a Performance-Based Award, and the Committee may not waive the achievement of the applicable Performance Goals except in the case of death or disability of the Participant.

 

  26. ISSUANCES OF SECURITIES.

Except as expressly provided herein, no issuance by the Company of shares of stock of any class, or securities convertible into shares of stock of any class, shall affect, and no adjustment by reason thereof shall be made with respect to, the number or price of shares subject to Stock Rights. Except as expressly provided herein, no adjustments shall be made for dividends paid in cash or in property (including without limitation, securities) of the Company prior to any issuance of Shares pursuant to a Stock Right.

 

  27. FRACTIONAL SHARES.

No fractional shares shall be issued under the Plan and the person exercising a Stock Right shall receive from the Company cash in lieu of such fractional shares equal to the Fair Market Value thereof.

 

  28. CONVERSION OF ISOs INTO NON-QUALIFIED OPTIONS; TERMINATION OF ISOs.

The Administrator, at the written request of any Participant, may in its discretion take such actions as may be necessary to convert such Participant’s ISOs (or any portions thereof) that have not been exercised on the date of conversion into Non-Qualified Options at any time prior to the expiration of such ISOs, regardless of whether the Participant is an Employee of the Company or an Affiliate at the time of such conversion. At the time of such conversion, the Administrator (with the consent of the Participant) may impose such conditions on the exercise of the resulting Non-Qualified Options as the Administrator in its discretion may determine, provided that such conditions shall not be inconsistent with this Plan. Nothing in the Plan shall be deemed to give any Participant the right to have such Participant’s ISOs converted into Non-Qualified Options, and no such conversion shall occur until and unless the Administrator takes appropriate action. The Administrator, with the consent of the Participant, may also terminate any portion of any ISO that has not been exercised at the time of such conversion.

 

15


  29. WITHHOLDING.

In the event that any federal, state, or local income taxes, employment taxes, Federal Insurance Contributions Act (“F.I.C.A.”) withholdings or other amounts are required by applicable law or governmental regulation to be withheld from the Participant’s salary, wages or other remuneration in connection with the issuance of a Stock Right or Shares under the Plan or for any other reason required by law, the Company may withhold from the Participant’s compensation, if any, or may require that the Participant advance in cash to the Company, or to any Affiliate of the Company which employs or employed the Participant, the statutory minimum amount of such withholdings unless a different withholding arrangement, including the use of shares of the Company’s Common Stock or a promissory note, is authorized by the Administrator (and permitted by law). For purposes hereof, the fair market value of the shares withheld for purposes of payroll withholding shall be determined in the manner set forth under the definition of Fair Market Value provided in Paragraph 1 above, as of the most recent practicable date prior to the date of exercise. If the Fair Market Value of the shares withheld is less than the amount of payroll withholdings required, the Participant may be required to advance the difference in cash to the Company or the Affiliate employer. The Administrator in its discretion may condition the exercise of an Option for less than the then Fair Market Value on the Participant’s payment of such additional withholding.

 

  30. NOTICE TO COMPANY OF DISQUALIFYING DISPOSITION.

Each Employee who receives an ISO must agree to notify the Company in writing immediately after the Employee makes a Disqualifying Disposition of any Shares acquired pursuant to the exercise of an ISO. A Disqualifying Disposition is defined in Section 424(c) of the Code and includes any disposition (including any sale or gift) of such Shares before the later of (a) two years after the date the Employee was granted the ISO, or (b) one year after the date the Employee acquired Shares by exercising the ISO, except as otherwise provided in Section 424(c) of the Code. If the Employee has died before such Shares are sold, these holding period requirements do not apply and no Disqualifying Disposition can occur thereafter.

 

  31. TERMINATION OF THE PLAN.

The Plan will terminate on August 24, 2026, the date which is ten years from the earlier of the date of its adoption by the Board of Directors and the date of its approval by the stockholders of the Company. The Plan may be terminated at an earlier date by vote of the stockholders or the Board of Directors of the Company; provided, however, that any such earlier termination shall not affect any Agreements executed prior to the effective date of such termination. Termination of the Plan shall not affect any Stock Rights theretofore granted.

 

  32. AMENDMENT OF THE PLAN AND AGREEMENTS.

The Plan may be amended by the stockholders of the Company. The Plan may also be amended by the Administrator; provided that any amendment approved by the Administrator which the Administrator determines is of a scope that requires stockholder approval shall be subject to obtaining such stockholder approval including, without limitation, to the extent necessary to qualify any or all outstanding Stock Rights granted under the Plan or Stock Rights to be granted under the Plan for favorable federal income tax treatment as may be afforded incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code and to the extent necessary to qualify the Shares issuable under the Plan for listing on any national securities exchange or quotation in any national automated quotation system of securities dealers and in order to continue to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code. Other than as set forth in Paragraph 25 of the Plan, the Administrator may not without stockholder approval reduce the exercise price of an Option or cancel any outstanding Option in exchange for a replacement option having a lower exercise price, any Stock Grant, any other Stock-Based Award or for cash. In addition, the Administrator not take any other action that is considered a direct or indirect “repricing” for purposes of the stockholder approval rules of the applicable securities exchange or inter-dealer quotation system on which the Shares are listed, including any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles. Any modification or amendment of the Plan shall not, without the consent of a Participant, adversely affect his or her rights under a

 

16


Stock Right previously granted to him or her. With the consent of the Participant affected, the Administrator may amend outstanding Agreements in a manner which may be adverse to the Participant but which is not inconsistent with the Plan. In the discretion of the Administrator, outstanding Agreements may be amended by the Administrator in a manner which is not adverse to the Participant. Nothing in this Paragraph 32 shall limit the Administrator’s authority to take any action permitted pursuant to Paragraph 25.

 

  33. EMPLOYMENT OR OTHER RELATIONSHIP.

Nothing in this Plan or any Agreement shall be deemed to prevent the Company or an Affiliate from terminating the employment, consultancy or director status of a Participant, nor to prevent a Participant from terminating his or her own employment, consultancy or director status or to give any Participant a right to be retained in employment or other service by the Company or any Affiliate for any period of time.

 

  34. SECTION 409A.

If a Participant is a “specified employee” as defined in Section 409A of the Code (and as applied according to procedures of the Company and its Affiliates) as of his separation from service, to the extent any payment under this Plan or pursuant to the grant of a Stock-Based Award constitutes deferred compensation (after taking into account any applicable exemptions from Section 409A of the Code), and to the extent required by Section 409A of the Code, no payments due under this Plan or pursuant to a Stock-Based Award may be made until the earlier of: (i) the first day of the seventh month following the Participant’s separation from service, or (ii) the Participant’s date of death; provided, however, that any payments delayed during this six-month period shall be paid in the aggregate in a lump sum, without interest, on the first day of the seventh month following the Participant’s separation from service.

The Administrator shall administer the Plan with a view toward ensuring that Stock Rights under the Plan that are subject to Section 409A of the Code comply with the requirements thereof and that Options under the Plan be exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, but neither the Administrator nor any member of the Board, nor the Company nor any of its Affiliates, nor any other person acting hereunder on behalf of the Company, the Administrator or the Board shall be liable to a Participant or any Survivor by reason of the acceleration of any income, or the imposition of any additional tax or penalty, with respect to a Stock Right, whether by reason of a failure to satisfy the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or otherwise.

 

  35. INDEMNITY.

Neither the Board nor the Administrator, nor any members of either, nor any employees of the Company or any parent, subsidiary, or other Affiliate, shall be liable for any act, omission, interpretation, construction or determination made in good faith in connection with their responsibilities with respect to this Plan, and the Company hereby agrees to indemnify the members of the Board, the members of the Committee, and the employees of the Company and its parent or subsidiaries in respect of any claim, loss, damage, or expense (including reasonable counsel fees) arising from any such act, omission, interpretation, construction or determination to the full extent permitted by law.

 

  36. CLAWBACK.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Plan, the Company may recover from a Participant any compensation received from any Stock Right (whether or not settled) or cause a Participant to forfeit any Stock Right (whether or not vested) in the event that the Company’s Clawback Policy as then in effect, if any, is triggered.

 

  37. GOVERNING LAW.

This Plan shall be construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware.

 

17

Exhibit 16.1

 

LOGO    Tel: 212-885-8000   100 Park Avenue
   Fax: 212-697-1299   New York, NY 10017
   www.bdo.com  

November 3, 2016

Securities and Exchange Commission

100 F Street N.E.

Washington, D.C. 20549

We have been furnished with a copy of the response to Item 4.01 of Form 8-K for the event that occurred on November 3, 2016, to be filed by our former client, Biodel Inc. We agree with the statements made in response to that Item insofar as they relate to our Firm.

Very truly yours,

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

BDO USA, LLP, a Delaware limited liability partnership, is the U.S. member of BDO International Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, and forms part of the international BDO network of independent member firms.

BDO is the brand name for the BDO network and for each of the BDO Member Firms.

Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-180409) pertaining to the 2010 Stock Incentive Plan of Biodel, Inc., of our report dated July 13, 2016, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Albireo Ltd, included in the Proxy Statement of Biodel Inc. (Schedule 14A dated 09-19-2016) and incorporated by reference in this Form 8-K.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Reading, England

November 4, 2016

Exhibit 99.1

Albireo Completes Transaction with Biodel to Create Publicly Traded

Company Focused on Orphan Pediatric Liver Diseases

Albireo Pharma, Inc. to trade on The NASDAQ Capital Market under symbol “ALBO” —

 Company to develop novel bile acid modulators to treat orphan pediatric liver diseases, other liver and gastrointestinal diseases —

Boston, MA — November 3, 2016 — Albireo Pharma, Inc., a clinical-stage orphan pediatric liver disease company developing novel bile acid modulators through its operating subsidiary, today announced the completion of the share exchange transaction between Biodel Inc. (NASDAQ: BIOD) (through November 3) and Albireo Limited and its shareholders and noteholders, effective as of November 3, 2016. The combined organization will be called Albireo Pharma, Inc. and will commence trading on The NASDAQ Capital Market on November 4, 2016 under the symbol “ALBO.”

Completion of the share exchange, together with $10 million in new capital invested prior to the closing by existing Albireo Limited investors, provides approximately $30 million to enable Albireo to advance development of its pipeline, including its lead product candidate, A4250, in development for the treatment of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC). PFIC is a life-threatening orphan liver disease that affects young children.

“The completion of the share exchange is an exciting step in the evolution of Albireo as we enter the public markets with funding expected to be sufficient to progress A4250 into a planned pivotal trial in PFIC, which we anticipate starting next year,” said Ron Cooper, President and Chief Executive Officer of Albireo. “We believe A4250 has the potential to become a much needed, nonsurgical treatment option for children suffering from PFIC or other rare cholestatic liver diseases.”

On November 3, 2016, prior to the closing of the share exchange, Biodel completed a one-for-thirty reverse stock split. As a result of the reverse stock split, every 30 shares of Biodel common stock outstanding immediately prior to the share exchange was combined and reclassified into one share of Biodel common stock. No fractional shares are being issued in connection with the reverse stock split. Instead of fractional shares, cash will be issued based on the closing price of Biodel common stock on The NASDAQ Capital Market on November 2, 2016.

The holders of ordinary shares of Albireo Limited immediately prior to the share exchange received 0.06999 shares of Biodel common stock in exchange for each ordinary share. This exchange ratio reflects the reverse stock split. Following the reverse stock split and the share exchange, Albireo has approximately 6,294,725 shares outstanding.

The combined organization will operate under the leadership of Albireo’s officers, including: Ron Cooper, President and Chief Executive Officer; Jan Mattsson, Chief Operating Officer; Tom Shea, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer; Paresh Soni, Chief Scientific Officer; and Pete Zorn, Senior Vice President, Corporate Development and General Counsel. The board of directors of the combined organization is comprised of seven members, including five directors from Albireo Limited’s former board, David Chiswell, Ph.D., Michael Gutch, Ph.D., Heather Preston, M.D., Denise Scots-Knight, Ph.D., and Mr. Cooper, and two directors from the former Biodel board, Julia R. Brown and Davey S. Scoon. Dr. Chiswell is the new Chairman of the Board. The combined organization’s corporate headquarters are in Boston, Massachusetts.


About Albireo

Albireo is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused through its operating subsidiary on the development of novel bile acid modulators to treat orphan pediatric liver diseases and other liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders. Albireo’s clinical pipeline includes two Phase 2 product candidates and one Phase 3 product candidate. Albireo traces its origins to a spinout from AstraZeneca in 2008.

Albireo is located in Boston and its wholly owned direct and indirect subsidiaries are located in London and Gothenburg, Sweden. For more information on Albireo, please visit www.albireopharma.com .

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release includes “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements include statements, other than statements of historical fact, regarding Albireo’s intentions, plans, beliefs, expectations or forecasts for the future, including regarding our cash resources, a potentially pivotal clinical trial of A4250 in PFIC or the costs and timing for such trial. Albireo uses words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “expects,” “projects,” “future,” “intends,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “planned,” “continue,” “guidance,” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Actual results, performance or experience may differ materially from those expressed or implied by any forward-looking statement as a result of various risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to: those described in the documents Biodel Inc. has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission with regard to the share exchange transaction among Biodel, Albireo Limited and Albireo Limited shareholders and noteholders, including whether the preliminary interim data from the ongoing Phase 2 trial of A4250 in children with chronic cholestasis will be confirmed following database lock; whether the ongoing Phase 2 trial of A4250 in children with chronic cholestasis will be sufficient to support advancement into a pivotal trial in Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis (PFIC); the timing and outcome of the planned meeting with the FDA regarding the anticipated pivotal program for A4250 in PFIC; the designs, endpoints, numbers of patients and treatment periods for trials that will be required to support approval of A4250 to treat PFIC or any other orphan pediatric liver disease; whether Albireo’s cash resources will be sufficient to advance A4250 through completion of a planned pivotal trial in PFIC; the timing for initiation or completion of, or availability of data from, ongoing or future trials of A4250, including a planned pivotal trial in PFIC; delays or other challenges in the recruitment of patients for current or future trials of any Albireo product candidate; the medical benefit that may be derived from A4250; and the competitive environment and commercial opportunity for a potential treatment for PFIC and other orphan pediatric cholestatic liver diseases. As a result of risks and uncertainties that Albireo faces, the results or events indicated by any forward-looking statement may not occur. Albireo cautions you not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statement. In addition, any forward-looking statement in this press release represents Albireo’s views only as of the date of this press release and should not be relied upon as representing its views as of any subsequent date. Albireo disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, except as required by applicable law.


“Albireo” is a trademark of Albireo AB. All other trademarks, service marks, service marks, trade names, logos and brand names identified in this presentation are the properties of their respective owners.

Investor Contact:

Hans Vitzthum

Managing Director

LifeSci Advisors, LLC.

212-915-2568

Corporate Contact:

Ron Cooper

President and CEO

Albireo Pharma, Inc.

732-687-4238

Exhibit 99.2

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

       Page    
ALBIREO  

Consolidated Financial Statements

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-2   

Consolidated Balance Sheets

     F-3   

Consolidated Statements of Operations

     F-4   

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

     F-5   

Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preference Shares and Shareholders’ Deficit

     F-6   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

     F-7   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-8   

Unaudited Interim Consolidated Financial Statements

  

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015

     F-36   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Months and Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015

     F-37   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three Months and Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015

     F-38   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preference Shares and Shareholders’ Deficit

     F-39   

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016 and June 30, 2015

     F-40   

Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-41   

 

F-1


Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Albireo Limited

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Albireo Limited (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive loss, convertible preference shares and shareholders’ deficit, and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Albireo Limited at December 31, 2015 and 2014 and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has recurring losses from operations and has a net capital deficiency that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Reading, England

13 July 2016

 

F-2


ALBIREO

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     As of December 31,  
     2015     2014  

ASSETS

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

     $5,120        $8,175   

Trade receivables

     1,272        14   

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     346        64   

Other receivables

     202        122   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     6,940        8,375   

Equipment, net

     34        52   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

             $6,974                $8,427   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE PREFERENCE SHARES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

    

Current liabilities:

    

Trade payables

     $1,929        $610   

Accrued expenses

     2,576        1,380   

Advances from licensees

     37        37   

Long-term debt, current portion

     2,514        1,356   

Warrants liability

     1,163        1,141   

Other liabilities

     63        50   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     8,282        4,574   

Long-term debt

     4,866        5,173   

Derivative liabilities

     2,047        486   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     15,195        10,233   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Temporary Equity:

    

Convertible preference shares, $0.013 par value per share — 44,945,080 and 42,356,284 shares authorized at December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively; 39,354,000 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014

     520        520   

Shareholders’ equity (deficit):

    

Ordinary shares, $0.013 par value per share — 3,794,303 shares authorized at December 31, 2015 and 2014; 3,794,303 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and 2014

     50        50   

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     804        451   

Accumulated deficit

     (9,595     (2,827
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ deficit

     (8,741     (2,326
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities, convertible preference shares and shareholders’ deficit

     $6,974        $8,427   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-3


ALBIREO

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
         2015              2014      

Revenue

     $5,099         $2,414   

Operating expenses:

     

Research and development

     5,634         6,580   

General and administrative

     4,462         2,108   

Other (income) expense, net

     (271)         83   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     9,825         8,771   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating loss

     (4,726)         (6,357)   

Interest income (expense), net

     (1,722)         (47)   

Non-operating expense

     (320)           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

     (6,768)         (6,404)   

Income tax

               
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net loss

     $(6,768)         $(6,404)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares, basic and diluted

     $(1.78)         $(1.69)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares, basic and diluted

             3,794,303                 3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4


ALBIREO

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(in thousands)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
             2015                      2014          

Net loss

     $(6,768)         $(6,404)   

Other comprehensive income:

     

Foreign currency translation adjustment

     353         263   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other comprehensive income

     353         263   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total comprehensive loss

             $(6,415)                 $(6,141)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


ALBIREO

Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preference Shares and Shareholders’ Deficit

(in thousands, except share amounts)

 

    Convertible Preference
Shares
    Ordinary Stock     Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Total
Shareholders’
Deficit
 
 
Shares
    Amount    
Shares
    Amount          

Balance—January 1, 2014

    39,354,000        $520        3,794,303        $50        $—        $188        $3,577        $3,815   

Other comprehensive income

                                       263               263   

Net loss

                                              (6,404)        (6,404)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—December 31, 2014

    39,354,000        520        3,794,303        50               451        (2,827)        (2,326)   

Other comprehensive income

                                       353               353   

Net loss

                                              (6,768)        (6,768)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—December 31, 2015

    39,354,000                $520        3,794,303                $50                $—                      $804             $(9,595)                $(8,741)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


ALBIREO

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Cash flows from operating activities:

     

Net loss

     $(6,768)         $(6,404)   

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

     

Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs

     777         24   

Depreciation and amortization

     15         21   

Change in fair value of financial instruments

     320           

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

     

Trade receivables

     (1,258)         (14)   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     (282)         298   

Other receivables

     (80)         66   

Advances from licensees

             (1)   

Trade payables

     1,319         (236)   

Accrued expenses

     1,196         (27)   

Other liabilities

     13         (6)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash used in operating activities

     (4,748)         (6,279)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

     

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

             (5)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

             (5)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

     

Proceeds from issuance of Convertible Loans, net

     3,429         1,484   

Proceeds from issuance of Loan Facility, net

             6,935   

Payments of principal on borrowings

     (1,223)         (279)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

     2,206         8,140   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (513)         265   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

     (3,055)         2,121   

Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period

     8,175         6,054   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period

                 $5,120                     $8,175   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

     

Cash paid for income taxes

     $ —         $80   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

     $761         $40   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Supplemental non-cash investing and financing activities:

     

Recognition of derivative liabilities at issuance

     $1,485         $486   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Recognition of warrants at issuance

     $ —         $1,141   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1.  Summary of significant accounting policies and basis of presentation

Organization

Albireo Limited (Parent) is a limited company domiciled in London, United Kingdom (UK), with its registered offices in 100 Victoria Embankment, London. As of December 31, 2015, the Parent has three direct or indirect subsidiaries: Albireo AB and Elobix AB, which are based in Gothenburg, Sweden, and Albireo Inc., which is based in Boston, Massachusetts. The Parent and its three subsidiaries are individually and collectively referred to herein as the Company.

The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of novel bile acid modulators to treat orphan pediatric liver diseases and other liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders. The Company was spun out of AstraZeneca in 2008, and its clinical pipeline includes two Phase 2 product candidates and one Phase 3 product candidate. A4250, the Company’s lead product candidate, in development for the potential treatment of orphan pediatric liver diseases, is currently being studied in a Phase 2 clinical trial in children with chronic cholestasis.

Basis of presentation

As of December 31, 2015, the Company has generated an accumulated deficit of approximately $9.6 million and a working capital deficit of $1.3 million and the Company expects to incur significant expenses and negative cash flows for the foreseeable future. Based on the Company’s operating plans, existing working capital at December 31, 2015 is not sufficient to sustain operations for 12 months from the date these financial statements are issued. The Company believes that it will be able to obtain additional working capital through arrangements to fund operations. However, there can be no assurance that such additional financing, if available at all, can be obtained on terms acceptable to the Company. If the Company is unable to obtain such additional financing, the Company will need to reevaluate future operating plans. Accordingly, there is substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP (see —“Principles of Consolidation” below), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. The Company expects to incur further losses over the next several years as it develops its business, has not established a source of revenues sufficient to cover its operating costs, and as such, has been dependent on funding operations through the issuance of debt, the sale of equity securities and license agreements.

The Company maintained cash and cash equivalents of $5.1 million at December 31, 2015. Subsequent to December 31, 2015, the Company entered into the following arrangements, which either have a direct impact on cash availability or may provide a source of cash to the Company in the future:

 

    In February 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to a loan agreement (Loan Facility) with Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited (Kreos UK) to reduce principal repayments for a period of 6 months.

 

    In April 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to its license agreement with EA Pharma Co., Ltd. (EA Pharma, formerly Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) concerning the development and commercialization of elobixibat in Japan and certain other Asian countries, resulting in a non-refundable fee receivable upon signing of the amendment of $8.0 million which was received on April 13, 2016, and certain changes to future contingent milestones and royalties receivable by the Company.

At June 23, 2016, the Company maintained cash and cash equivalents of $6.9 million. At the date these financial statements are issued, the Company’s committed funds comprise cash and cash equivalents and future access to $1.5 million in cash via an October 2015 convertible loan agreement. The Company estimates that its currently committed funds will be sufficient to fund its operations through November 2016.

 

F-8


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Additionally, the Company has entered into the following arrangements which may provide additional sources of cash to the Company in the future:

 

    In May 2016, Parent entered into a definitive share exchange agreement with Biodel Inc. (Biodel) and security holders of Parent. As part of the transaction, a syndicate of existing Company investors has committed to subscribe for Series C Convertible Preference Shares for a total investment of $10.0 million prior to the closing of the transaction. Additionally, the Company will have access to the Biodel net cash on hand at closing of the transaction, which is expected to be at least $20.0 million. Closing of the transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary conditions.

 

    The Company anticipates that the contingent investor subscription proceeds of $10.0 million, plus the expected Biodel net cash on hand upon closing of the transaction of at least $20.0 million, plus the Company’s existing committed funds discussed above, will be sufficient to fund its operations beyond 12 months from the date these financial statements are issued.

 

    The Company anticipates receiving a milestone payable if EA Pharma makes an internal decision to proceed with a new drug application for elobixibat in Japan. While the Company has no control over whether the condition to that milestone payment will be met or the timing of any such payment, management anticipates that the internal decision by EA Pharma whether to proceed with a new drug application for elobixibat in Japan will occur in the second half of 2016.

The Company must raise additional capital to fund its continued operations and may not be successful in its efforts to raise additional funds or achieve profitable operations. Amounts raised are intended to be used for further development of the Company’s product candidates and for other working capital purposes. Even if the Company is able to raise additional funds, whether by completing the contemplated transaction with Biodel and the associated Series C financing, through additional sales of its equity securities, loans from financial institutions, commercialization of its assets or a combination of the foregoing, the Company’s cash needs could be greater than anticipated in which case it could be forced to raise additional capital.

At the present time, the Company has no commitments for any additional financing, except for the $1.5 million outstanding under the October 2015 convertible loan agreement referenced above and except for the potential Series C Convertible Preference Share financing, which is dependent on the transaction with Biodel. There can be no assurance that, if needed, additional capital will be available to the Company on commercially acceptable terms or at all. If the Company cannot obtain the needed capital, it may not be able to become profitable and may have to curtail or cease its operations. These and other factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The accompanying financial statements do not include any adjustments or classifications that may result from the possible inability of the Company to continue as a going concern.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Parent, Albireo Limited, and its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Albireo AB, Elobix AB and Albireo, Inc. All intercompany

 

F-9


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Company’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The functional currencies for Parent and Albireo AB, Elobix AB and Albireo, Inc. are the Euro, Swedish Krona, the Euro and the U.S. Dollar (USD), respectively. The Company consolidates in Euro and then the consolidated financial statements are translated to USD for external reporting, which is the Company’s presentation currency. The Company has elected USD as the presentation currency for ease of comparability throughout the industry.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions in each of the Company’s entities are translated into the functional currency of the entity using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized within Other income (expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The results and financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

 

  (a) assets and liabilities presented are translated at the closing rate as of December 31, 2015 and 2014;

 

  (b) income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive loss are translated at annual average exchange rates that are relevant for the respective period reported, and

 

  (c) all resulting exchange differences arising from such translation are recognized directly in other comprehensive loss and presented as a separate component of equity.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management must apply significant judgment in this process. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

Segment information

For management purposes, the Company is managed and operated as one business unit which reflects the organizational structure and internal reporting of the Company. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, determined to be the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), manages the Company’s operations on an integrated basis

 

F-10


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

for the purpose of allocating resources and evaluating performance. No separate lines of business or separate business entities have been identified with respect to any product candidate or geographical market and one operating segment is currently disclosed in the Company’s internal reporting.

Accordingly, the Company has one reporting segment which is the research and development of novel treatments for liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Concentration of risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. For banks and financial institutions, only independent financial institutions with high credit ratings are engaged. The Company’s license agreements are with established and reputable pharmaceutical companies and, historically, the Company has not needed to impair accounts receivable.

Concentration of revenue and accounts receivable

The Company generally does not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. Allowances are provided for individual accounts receivable when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, such as in the case of bankruptcy, deterioration in the customer’s operating results or change in financial position. If circumstances related to a customer change, estimates of the recoverability of receivables would be further adjusted. The Company also considers broad factors in evaluating the sufficiency of its allowances for doubtful accounts, including the length of time receivables are past due, significant one-time events, creditworthiness of customers and historical experience. There is no allowance for doubtful accounts as of December 31, 2015 or 2014.

Significant customers are those which represent 10 percent or more of the Company’s total revenue or gross accounts receivable balance for a period of the Consolidated Statements of Operations and at the Consolidated Balance Sheet dates. For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company’s significant customers were licensees.

 

     Revenue     Accounts Receivable  
     December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
    December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
 

Customers

                        

Customer A

     100     19     100    

Customer B

         81         100

Equipment, net

Equipment is stated at historical cost less depreciation and consists of computers, furniture and fixtures, and other equipment. Depreciation is computed using a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives, determined to be five years. Computers and other equipment purchased for less than $2,000 or the equivalent thereof are expensed immediately.

 

F-11


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Gains and losses on disposals of equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognized within Other Income (Expense), net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. In such instances, the recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured first by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, an impairment loss would be recognized if the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. There were no impairments recorded for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Research and development expenses

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and include primarily salaries, benefits and other staff-related costs; clinical trial and related clinical manufacturing costs; contract services and other outside costs.

The Company’s preclinical studies and clinical trials are performed by third-party contract research organizations (CROs). Some of these expenses are billed monthly for services performed, while others are billed based upon milestones achieved. For preclinical studies, the significant factors used in estimating accruals include the percentage of work completed to date and contract milestones achieved. For clinical trial expenses, the significant factors used in estimating accruals included the number of patients enrolled and percentage of work completed to date or contract milestones achieved. The Company’s estimates are highly dependent upon the timeliness and accuracy of the data provided by the respective CROs regarding the status of the contracted activity, with adjustments made when deemed necessary.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is generated from the receipt of upfront or license fees, milestone payments and payments for procurement services that are made pursuant to out-licensing or related supply agreements.

Where the Company’s out-licensing agreements involve the provision of multiple elements which may contain different remuneration arrangements such as upfront payments, milestone payments or product sales, they are assessed to determine whether separate delivery of the individual elements of such arrangements comprises more than one unit of accounting. The delivered elements are separated if (a) they have value to the licensee on a stand-alone basis, (b) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered element(s) and (c) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered element(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered element(s) is considered probable and is substantially in the control of the Company. Allocation of revenue to the different elements that require separate accounting is based on the separate selling prices determined for each component, and total consideration is then allocated pro rata across the components of the arrangement. If separate selling prices are not available, the Company will use its best estimate of such selling prices, consistent with the overall pricing strategy and relevant market factors.

The Company has determined that each element of its out-licensing agreements is a separate and distinct unit of accounting and as such the fair value of each element has been subscribed and recognized as follows:

 

   

Non-refundable upfront payments received from the Company’s out-licensing agreements relating to technical expertise and intellectual property are recognized in income if all rights relating to the

 

F-12


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

intellectual property and all obligations resulting from them have been relinquished under the contract terms and the Company has no continuing material obligation to perform under the agreement. However, if rights to the intellectual property continue to exist or obligations resulting from them have yet to be fulfilled, the payments received would be deferred until all rights and obligations have been fulfilled.

 

    Non-refundable payments that are linked to the achievement of significant and substantive development or regulatory milestones in the research and development process are recognized as revenue upon the achievement of the specified milestone.

 

    Revenue and costs associated with procurement services associated with pharmaceutical ingredients are recognized net in revenue when title and risk of loss of the pharmaceutical ingredients have passed to the licensee as the Company is not the primary obligor.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company had two separate license agreements to develop a select product candidate for registration and subsequent commercialization in select markets. Both license agreements were entered into in 2012. The Company satisfied its material performance obligations under both of the agreements in 2012, upon the delivery of technical expertise and intellectual property rights to the respective licensees.

In March 2015, one of the Company’s licensees (Ferring International Center S.A., or Ferring) gave notice of termination of its license agreement with the Company. The termination eliminated any prospect of future contingent income under the license agreement. There was no refund of the upfront license fee or milestone fees received by the Company through the date of termination, in accordance with the agreement.

Payments resulting from procurement services are recognized as revenue as the activities are performed and are presented on a net basis. Revenue is recorded on a net basis because the Company acts as an agent, as it does not have discretion to change suppliers and does not perform any part of the services or manufacture of the subject pharmaceutical ingredients. The costs associated with these activities are netted against the related revenue in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

For certain contingent payments under research and development arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue using the milestone method. Under the milestone method, a payment that is contingent upon the achievement of a substantive milestone is recognized in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. A milestone is an event: (i) that can be achieved based in whole or in part on either the Company’s performance or on the occurrence of a specific outcome resulting from the Company’s performance, (ii) for which there is substantive uncertainty at the date the arrangement is entered into that the event will be achieved and (iii) that would result in additional payments being due to the Company. The determination that a milestone is substantive requires estimation and judgment and is made at the inception of the arrangement. Milestones are considered substantive when the consideration earned from the achievement of the milestone is: (i) commensurate with either the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of value of the item delivered as a result of a specific outcome resulting from the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone, (ii) relates solely to past performance and (iii) reasonable relative to all deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement.

The Company has evaluated each milestone specified under its license agreement with EA Pharma and its now-terminated license agreement with Ferring and determined the milestone to be substantive based on its contingent nature, taking into consideration factors such as the scientific, regulatory, commercial and other risks

 

F-13


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

that must be overcome to achieve the milestone, the level of effort and investment required to achieve the milestone, whether any portion of the milestone consideration is related to future performance or deliverables and all other facts and circumstances relevant to the arrangement. Accordingly, the Company has recognized into revenue in full each achieved milestone under either of the license agreements in the period in which it was achieved.

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company recognized into revenue $4.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively, in milestone payments under the license agreements and will recognize into revenue in full each milestone under the license agreement remaining in effect that may be achieved in the future in the period in which it is achieved, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met. The Company will account for all sales milestones in the same manner as royalties and recognized into revenue upon achievement of the milestone, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met.

Under the terms of the license agreement remaining in effect, the Company was eligible as of December 31, 2015 to receive up to approximately €21.6 million ($23.6 million based on the Euro to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015) if specified development and regulatory events are achieved for elobixibat. The license agreement was subsequently amended in April 2016. Under the amended terms, the Company received a one-time non-refundable payment of $8.0 million and is eligible to receive up to approximately (a) €16.5 million ($18.0 million based on the Euro to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015) if specified regulatory events are achieved for elobixibat in Japan and (b) ¥3.5 billion ($29.1 million based on the Japanese Yen to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015) if specified sales milestones are achieved for elobixibat following regulatory approval in any country in EA Pharma’s licensed territory. The likelihood that the Company will achieve any particular milestone event with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or at all, is uncertain, and the Company may not earn any future milestone payment with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or ever. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive stepped royalties beginning in the high single digits on any future elobixibat product sales. The Company will recognize royalty revenue in the period of sale of the applicable product, based on the underlying contract terms, provided that the reported sales are reliably measurable and the Company has no remaining performance obligations, assuming all other revenue recognition criteria are met. See Note 13 for further discussion.

Share-based compensation

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had no share-based payment program granting employees the ability to subscribe for any kind of equity instruments.

Temporary equity

The Company has classified its Series A and B Convertible Preference Shares outside of Shareholders’ Deficit on the basis that the shares are redeemable upon a liquidation event that can be forced by the holders of Preference Shares through their voting rights on the Parent’s Board of Directors (Board). Any undeclared dividends are not recognized until the time it becomes probable that the Preference Shares will be redeemable. No dividends have been recognized for the years ended December 31, 2015 or 2014.

Employee benefits

The Company has defined contribution plans, whereby the Company pays contributions to employee benefit or insurance plans on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods.

 

F-14


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are recognized as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

Loss contingencies

Loss contingencies are recorded as liabilities when it is probable that a liability has occurred and the amount of loss is reasonably estimable. Disclosure is required when there is a reasonable possibility that an ultimate loss will be material. Contingent liabilities are often resolved over long periods of time. Estimating probable losses requires analysis that often depends on judgments about potential actions by third parties, such as regulators.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740,  Income Taxes . Deferred income taxes are recorded for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and amounts recognized for income tax purposes. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount of future tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized.

Income tax expense consists of taxes currently payable and changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities calculated according to local tax rules. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on temporary differences that arise between carrying values used for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for taxation purposes of assets and liabilities and the future tax benefits of tax loss carry forwards. A deferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized.

Significant judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all available evidence for each jurisdiction including past operating results, estimates of future taxable income and the feasibility of ongoing tax planning strategies. In the event that the Company changes its determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to income tax expense in the period in which such determination is made.

The amount of deferred tax provided is calculated using tax rates enacted at the balance sheet date. The impact of tax law changes is recognized in periods when the change is enacted.

A two-step approach is applied pursuant to ASC 740 in the recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step is to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained in an audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalty expenses associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions and no amounts have been recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

F-15


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Net loss per share

Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to holders of ordinary shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to holders of ordinary shares by the weighted-average number of ordinary equivalent shares outstanding for the period, including any dilutive effect from such shares. Ordinary equivalent shares include convertible preference shares, convertible loans, stock options and warrants. Anti-dilutive ordinary equivalent shares totaled 42,606,000 shares and 40,793,000 shares for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. While these ordinary equivalent shares are currently anti-dilutive, they could be dilutive in the future.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs,” which updated guidance to clarify the required presentation of debt issuance costs. The amended guidance requires that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the recognized debt liability, consistent with the treatment of debt discounts. Amortization of debt issuance costs is to be reported as interest expense. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs is not affected by the updated guidance. The update requires retrospective application and represents a change in accounting principles. The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The Company has elected to early adopt the ASU during 2015 and has recorded $42,000 and $0.5 million of transaction costs as reduction of long-term debt as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively.

In September 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern” (ASU No. 2014-15). The guidance addresses management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management’s evaluation should be based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued. The standard will be effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the ASU during 2015 in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers: (Topic 606).” This ASU affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (e.g., insurance contracts or lease contracts). This ASU will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance. In addition, the existing requirements for the recognition of a gain or loss on the transfer of nonfinancial assets that are not in a contract with a customer (e.g., assets within the scope of ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” and intangible assets within the scope of ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other”) are amended to be consistent with the guidance on recognition and measurement (including the constraint on revenue) in this ASU. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09. This ASU is now effective for calendar years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

F-16


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes,” (ASU 2015-17), which amends the accounting guidance related to balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. The amendment requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in the statement of financial position, thereby simplifying the current guidance that requires an entity to separate deferred tax assets and liabilities into current and noncurrent amounts. ASU 2015-17 will be effective beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment can be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Consolidated Financial Statements.

2.  Fair value of financial instruments

In measuring fair value, the Company evaluates valuation techniques such as the market approach, the income approach and the cost approach. A three-level valuation hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value, is based upon whether such inputs are observable or unobservable.

Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions made by the reporting entity. The three-level hierarchy for the inputs to valuation techniques is briefly summarized as follows:

Level 1—Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2—Observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

 

F-17


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following tables present the fair values for the Company’s financial instruments as well as the input levels used to determine these fair values as of December 31, 2015 and 2014. The Company values its current assets, which include trade and other receivables, and liabilities, which include advances from licensees and accounts payable, at historical cost, which approximates fair value. The Loan Facility (see Note 11) is being carried at cost less unamortized discount, which approximates fair value, due to the short-term nature of the Loan Facility.

The fair value of the 2015 Convertible Loans was $2.1 million as of December 31, 2015. The fair value of the 2014 Convertible Loans was $954,000 and $1.0 million as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The valuation methods used to value the 2015 Convertible Loans and the 2014 Convertible Loans were the income approach and Monte Carlo simulation analysis. The key assumptions are the same as those used to determine the fair value of derivative liabilities as described below. See Note 11 for a further understanding of these instruments.

 

           Total Carrying Value on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
    Fair Value Measurements  
     Fair Value
Level
    December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
    December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
 
     (in thousands)  
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis           

Current liabilities:

          

Warrants

     3        $1,163        $1,141        $1,163        $1,141   

Non-current liabilities:

          

Derivative liabilities

     3        2,047        486        2,047        486   

 

    Derivative Liabilities     Warrants  
    December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
    December 31,
2015
    December 31,
2014
 
    (in thousands)  
Financial Instruments with a Level 3 measurement        

Balance, beginning

    $486        $—        $1,141        $—   

Losses recognized in earnings

    172               148          

Purchases, sales, issues and settlements

    1,485        486               1,141   

Foreign currency gains

    (96)               (126)          

Transfers in (out)

                           
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, ending

            $2,047                $486                $1,163                $1,141   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2015, the Company elected to early adopt an ASU that requires debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts (see Note 1).

There were no transfers from one level to the other during the reporting periods.

Derivative liabilities

As of December 31, 2015, the Company has two convertible loan instruments outstanding. On December 17, 2014, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument which provided 1,251,000 €1.00 unsecured

 

F-18


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Convertible Loan notes (2014 Convertible Loans), denominated in Euros, and was subsequently amended on October 1, 2015. On October 1, 2015, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument which provided 5,000,000 $1.00 unsecured convertible loan notes (the 2015 Convertible Loans), denominated in USD.

The fair values of the derivative liabilities related to the convertible features associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans were determined using the income approach and Monte Carlo simulation analysis on inception. See Note 11 for a further understanding of these instruments. The income approach was used as the starting point to determine the Company’s equity value. The Monte Carlo simulation was then used to determine possible future values of the Company’s equity. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, the Company considered the following scenarios:

 

    Series C shares financing (Round C): Under this assumption, the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans would convert into a known number of Series C shares at a known price, which is based on the Series C shares original issue price. The Company then used the estimated value of the total Series C shares and accrued interest and discounted the value using a risk free interest rate of 0.39% and 0.25% per annum as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

    Initial Public Offering (IPO): The Company assumed that the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans would convert into ordinary shares. The Monte Carlo simulation generated equity values that were then divided by the fully diluted number of shares and discounted back at a risk free interest rate of 0.39% and 0.46% per annum as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

 

    No IPO: The Company assumed that no conversion will take place in the event no IPO occurred. The Company valued the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans using the income approach. The cash flows were based on principal and a contractual 8% annual interest rate. This amount was then discounted at the market rate of 21% and 17% per annum as of December 31, 2015 and 2014.

Based upon these scenarios, the fair value of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans was determined to be $0.6 million (€0.5 million) and $0.5 million (€0.4 million) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Using the same methods, the fair value of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2015 Convertible Loans was determined to be $1.5 million as of December 31, 2015.

The derivative liabilities are recorded as a non-current liability as the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after December 31, 2015. There was no significant change in the fair value of the 2014 derivative liability from its issuance at December 17, 2014 to December 31, 2014. The change in fair value of the 2015 derivative liability from its issuance on October 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 was a gain of $35,000.

Significant unobservable inputs used in the measurement of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans included the discount rate and the probability of the issuance and sale of Series C Convertible Preference Shares in Round C.

 

F-19


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The Company performed a sensitivity analysis regarding the discount rate. By varying the discount rate by 0.5%, the resulting values of the derivative liabilities that were bifurcated from the 2014 Convertible Loans were as follows, as of December 31 (in thousands):

 

     2015      2014  
         +0.5%              -0.5%              +0.5%              -0.5%      

Assumptions:

           

Discount rate

   $ 697       $ 445       $ 508       $ 464   

By varying the probability of Round C by 25%, the resulting values of the 2014 Convertible Loans were as follows as of December 31 (in thousands):

 

     2015      2014  
         +25%              -25%              +25%              -25%      

Assumptions:

           

Probability of Round C

   $ 1,641       $ 1,399       $ 1,539       $ 1,496   

The Company performed a sensitivity analysis regarding the discount rate. By varying the discount rate by 0.5%, the resulting values of the derivative liabilities that were bifurcated from the 2015 Convertible Loans were as follows, as of December 31 (in thousands):

 

     2015  
         +0.5%              -0.5%      

Assumptions:

     

Discount rate

   $ 1,852       $ 1,126   

By varying the probability of Round C by 25%, the resulting values of the 2015 Convertible Loans were as follows as of December 31(in thousands):

 

     2015  
         +25%              -25%      

Assumptions:

     

Probability of Round C

   $ 3,973       $ 3,217   

Warrants

In connection with the Loan Facility, the Company issued to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited (Kreos Capital) detachable warrants with a right to acquire shares at 720,000 Euro (the Warrants), which have been valued as of the balance sheet date at $1.2 million. The Company recognized the Warrants at fair value at the time of execution of the Loan Facility and measures their fair value on a recurring basis thereafter. See Note 11 for a further description of the Warrants. The Company calculates the Warrants’ fair value as follows:

 

    The Company’s equity value is estimated using the traditional income approach.

 

    The Company’s equity value is then allocated among classes of its capital structure, including Series B Convertible Preference shares. The allocation is performed using the Option Pricing Methodology (OPM). This method treats securities as options with the Company. The allocation is used to determine the value of Series B Convertible Preference shares. The Company assumes that any exercise of the Warrants would be to purchase Series B Convertible Preference Shares, as this class had the lowest exercise price, and also assumes scenarios where the Warrants will not be exercised.

 

F-20


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

A traditional Black-Scholes formula was then used to calculate the fair value of the Warrants with the strike price of €1 and stock price as calculated in the allocation. The assumptions used in applying the Black-Scholes formula include the following:

 

         As of December 31,      
         2015              2014      

Stock price

     $1.77         $1.71   

Exercise price

     $1.09         $1.21   

Term (in years)

     7.50         8.25   

Risk-free interest rate

     2.12%         2.08%   

Volatility

     90%         95%   

Dividend

     0%         0%   

In 2015, a weighted average of both the OPM and a traditional Black-Scholes formula was used to calculate the fair value of the Warrants. The key assumptions used in the OPM as of December 31, 2015, included the following:

 

Term (in years)

     1.0   

Risk-free interest rate

     0.7%   

Volatility

     85%   

Based on this method, the fair value of the Warrants was determined to be $1.2 million (€1.1 million) and $1.1 million (€0.9 million) as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which was classified as a current liability because the warrants may be immediately exercised. There was no change in the fair value of the Warrants from December 18, 2014 to December 31, 2014. There was a $0.1 million change in the fair value of the Warrants during the year ended December 31, 2015.

The significant unobservable input used in the measurement of the Warrants’ liability included the term used in the OPM. The Company performed sensitivity analysis regarding this input and the value of the Warrants was found to be as follows, using a 0.5 year decrease or 0.5 year increase in the term as of December 31 (in thousands):

 

     2015      2014  
         +0.5              -0.5              +0.5              -0.5      

Term

   $ 1,253       $ 1,251       $ 1,141       $ 1,134   

 

F-21


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

 

3.  Equipment

Equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
         2015              2014      

Cost:

     

Equipment cost as of January 1,

     $152         $173   

Additions

             5   

Exchange differences

     (10)         (26)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equipment cost as of December 31

     142         152   

Less:

     

Accumulated depreciation as of January 1

     (100)         (92)   

Amortization for the year

     (15)         (21)   

Exchange differences

     7         13   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accumulated depreciation as of January 1

     (108)         (100)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equipment, net

           $34               $52   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was $15,000 and $21,000.

4.  Accrued expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2015      2014  

Accrued bonuses

     $392         $516   

Accrued vacation pay

     368         337   

Accrued social security pay

     150         135   

Accrued interest

     243           

Accrued professional fees

     758         299   

Accrued development costs

     665         93   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total accrued expenses

         $2,576             $1,380   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

5.  Commitments and contingencies

Operating lease commitments

In July 2015, the Company entered into a month-to-month lease agreement for office space in Boston, Massachusetts.

In July 2014, the Company entered into a 36 month building lease for approximately 2,900 square feet of office space in Gothenburg, Sweden. The lease does not have stated escalating rent clauses, except for changes in the Swedish Consumer Price Index (CPI). The lease renews automatically for consecutive three-year terms, unless notice of nonrenewal is given by either party at least nine months prior to the end of the current term and subject to the Company’s right to terminate the lease at any time upon six months’ notice.

 

F-22


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

As of December 31, 2015, future minimum commitments under facility operating leases were $43,000.

Rent expense recognized under the Company’s operating lease was $93,000 and $99,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Agreements with CROs

As of December 31, 2015, the Company had various agreements with CROs for the conduct of specified research and development activities and, based on the terms of the respective agreements, may be required to make future payments of up to $462,000 upon the completion of contracted work.

Other Commitments

In connection with the spin-off from AstraZeneca in 2008 and associated transfer agreements, the Company became party to an assignment agreement between AstraZeneca and a named inventor on a patent related to elobixibat. In connection with this agreement, the inventor is entitled upon the initial launch of a pharmaceutical product that constitutes an IBAT-inhibitor in specified countries to a one-time “launch fee” payment of 4.0 million Swedish Krona ($0.5 million based on the Swedish Kronor to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015).

6.  Employee benefits expense

The Company has defined contribution retirement benefit plans. The expenses for the Company’s employee benefits recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Wages and salaries

     $2,306         $2,066   

Social security expenses

     299         299   

Pension expenses – defined contribution plans

     237         294   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
             $2,842                 $2,659   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

7.  Net loss per ordinary share

Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the profit (loss) attributable to equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary shares issued during the year. Diluted net loss per ordinary share is computed giving effect to all potentially dilutive ordinary shares. As the Company had net losses for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, all potentially dilutive ordinary shares were determined to be anti-dilutive.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except for share data):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Net loss

     $(6,768)         $(6,404)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue

         3,794,303             3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-23


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The following outstanding ordinary share equivalents were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per ordinary share for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

     39,354,000         39,354,000   

Convertible Loans convertible to Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

     2,532,000         719,000   

Warrants to purchase Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

     720,000         720,000   

8.  Income taxes

For the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, the components of loss before income taxes were as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

U.K.

     $(1,362)         $(136)   

Foreign

     (5,406)         (6,268)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

         $(6,768)             $(6,404)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The components of income tax (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 were as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Current tax expense:

     

U.K.

               $—                   $—   

Foreign

     3           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     $3         $—   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax benefit:

     

U.K.

     $—         $—   

Foreign

     (3)           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

     $(3)         $—   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total provision for income taxes

     $—         $—   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effective tax rate

     0%         0%   

 

F-24


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

A reconciliation of the UK statutory income tax rate to the consolidated effective income tax rate was as follows:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

U.K. statutory income tax rate

     (20.3)%         (21.5)%   

Permanent differences

     2.2         (0.1)   

Audit and other tax return adjustments.

             0.1   

Change in valuation allowance

     18.1         22.0   

Foreign tax rate differences

             (0.5)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effective income tax rate

     0.0%         0.0%   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred taxes are recognized for temporary differences between the bases of assets and liabilities for financial statement and income tax purposes. The tax effect of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  

Deferred tax assets:

     

Tax loss carryforwards

             $2,740                 $1,601   

Accrual and reserves

     19         21   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total gross deferred tax assets

     2,759         1,622   

Valuation allowance

     (2,661)         (1,551)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax assets

     98         71   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Deferred tax liabilities:

     

Temporary difference on financial instruments

     98         71   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total deferred tax liabilities

     98         71   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net deferred tax assets

     $—         $—   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total net deferred taxes are classified as follows (in thousands):

 

     As of December 31,  
     2015      2014  

Current deferred tax assets

             $—                 $—   

Current deferred tax liabilities

               

Non-current deferred tax assets

               

Non-current deferred tax liabilities

               

As of December 31, 2015, deferred tax assets related to net operating loss (NOL) carryforwards was $2.7 million, which may be used subject to certain limitations to offset future taxable income, if any. The net operating loss of $12.9 million was generated in various territories and will not expire. A valuation allowance of $2.7 million has been established on the NOL carry forward as it is uncertain as to whether future taxable income will be generated.

 

F-25


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

As of December 31, 2015, the consolidated tax loss carryforwards and reserved carryforwards are as follows (in thousands):

 

     Amount of
carryforwards
     Amount of
reserved
carryforwards
 

December 31, 2015

   $ 12,864       $   

Uncertain tax positions

The Company recognizes tax liabilities when, despite the belief that its tax return positions are supportable, the Company believes that certain positions may not be fully sustained upon review by tax authorities. In each period, the Company assesses uncertain tax positions for recognition, measurement and effective settlement. Benefits from uncertain tax positions are measured at the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon settlement, which is the more likely than not recognition threshold. Where the Company has determined that its tax return filing position does not satisfy the more likely than not recognition threshold, the Company has recorded no tax benefit. Interest and penalties would be accrued on uncertain tax benefits recognized and included in Income tax expense. There have been no uncertain tax benefits recognized, or related interest or potential penalties, as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company’s tax returns may be examined for certain tax jurisdictions back to December 31, 2010.

9.  Shareholders’ equity

The Company’s equity structure includes ordinary shares.

The different classes of shares carry different transfer rights and distribution rights as described in the Company’s articles of association.

Transfer rights include, for holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares or Series C Convertible Preference Shares, but who are not holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares or specified members of management, the right to transfer any shares held (where the holder is a company or other entity or investment vehicle) to its holding company or to any subsidiary of that holding company or to any entity or investment vehicle in which the holder, its holding company or any subsidiary of that holding company has a majority economic interest, or to any affiliate or (where the holder is an investment fund or investment fund manager or nominee thereof) to any successor investment fund, or investment manager of any nominee thereof or to the general partner of such fund (or, solely in connection with a dissolution, any participant or partner in such fund).

Distribution rights include the right to the distribution of income or capital of the Company, whether paid by way of dividend, a reduction of capital, as a consequence of a liquidation or otherwise, in accordance with the priorities established by the Company’s articles of association which include, but are not limited to, an initial preferred return in favor of the holders of Series C Convertible Preference Shares, preferred returns (conditional in certain respects) in favor of certain holders of ordinary shares, preferred returns in favor of holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares and a preferred return in favor of holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares.

Ordinary shares have voting rights of one vote per share.

All preferential income and capital rights granted shall terminate immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO, with any income or capital subsequently distributed to the holders of the ordinary shares in proportion to the

 

F-26


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

number of ordinary shares held. A Qualifying IPO has been defined in the articles of association as a fully underwritten IPO with a price per share representing a premoney valuation for the Company of at least $150 million or more, or the Euro equivalent, calculated on a fully diluted basis pursuant to which the Company receives gross proceeds of $40 million or more, or the Euro equivalent.

The following tables summarize the Company’s ordinary shares outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and 2014:

 

As of December 31, 2015  
     Number of shares                       

Type of share

       Authorized          Issued and
  Outstanding  
       Nominal value        Voting right          Book value      
                                 (in thousands)  

Ordinary shares

     3,794,303         3,794,303         $0.013         1.00         $50   

 

As of December 31, 2014  
     Number of shares                       

Type of share

       Authorized          Issued and
  Outstanding  
         Nominal value          Voting right          Book value      
                                 (in thousands)  

Ordinary shares

     3,794,303         3,794,303         $0.013         1.00         $50   

Ordinary shares are denominated in Euros at €0.01 per share.

10. Temporary equity

Temporary equity as of December 31, 2015 consisted of the following:

 

As of December 31, 2015  
     Number of shares                       

Type of share

       Authorized          Issued and
  Outstanding  
       Nominal value        Voting
right
         Book value      
                                 (in thousands)  

Series A Convertible Preference shares – voting

     1,504,291         1,504,291         $0.013         1.00         $19   

Series A Convertible Preference shares – nonvoting

     3,175,074         3,175,074         0.013                 43   

Series B Convertible Preference shares – voting

     35,394,635         34,674,635         0.013         1.00         458   

Series C Convertible Preference shares – voting

     4,871,080                 0.013         1.00           
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Total

         44,945,080           39,354,000                               $520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

 

F-27


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Temporary equity as of December 31, 2014 consisted of the following:

 

As of December 31, 2014  
     Number of shares                       

Type of

       Authorized          Issued and
  Outstanding  
         Nominal value          Voting
right
         Book value      
                                 (in thousands)  

Series A Convertible Preference shares – voting

     1,504,291         1,504,291         $0.013         1.00         $19   

Series A Convertible Preference shares – nonvoting

     3,175,074         3,175,074         0.013                 43   

Series B Convertible Preference shares – voting

     35,394,635         34,674,635         0.013         1.00         458   

Series C Convertible Preference shares – voting

     2,282,284                 0.013         1.00           
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Total

         42,356,284             39,354,000                               $520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Significant provisions of the convertible preference shares are as follows:

Voting —Each Series A, Series B and Series C Convertible Preference share is entitled to one vote per share on an as converted basis. Each Series A and Series B Convertible Preference share that is classified as nonvoting is not entitled to any voting rights.

Transfers —Shareholders in each class have certain transfer rights. Transfer rights include, for holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares or Series C Convertible Preference Shares, but who are not holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares or specified members of management, the right to transfer any shares held (where the holder is a company or other entity or investment vehicle) to its holding company or to any subsidiary of that holding company or to any entity or investment vehicle in which the holder, its holding company or any subsidiary of that holding company has a majority economic interest, or to any affiliate or (where the holder is an investment fund or investment fund manager or nominee thereof) to any successor investment fund, or investment manager of any nominee thereof or to the general partner of such fund (or solely in connection with a dissolution any participant or partner in such fund).

Conversion —Series A Convertible Preference shares have conversion rights that enable any holder of Series A shares to at any time to convert the whole or part of its holding into ordinary shares. In addition, upon notice by the holders of 65% of the outstanding voting preference shares, immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO or immediately prior to a sale of the Company, each Series A share shall automatically be converted into ordinary shares at a ratio of 1:1 (subject to adjustment in accordance with the anti-dilution mechanism provided for in the Company’s articles of association). The holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares and Series C Convertible Preference Shares have conversion rights that are broadly equivalent to conversion rights of the holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares as described in this paragraph.

Series A Convertible Preference shares have additional conversion rights whereby a holder of Series A shares, may at any time convert part of its holding of Series A voting Convertible Preference shares into a like number of equivalently paid Series A nonvoting Convertible Preference shares, provided such holder holds at least one Series A Convertible Preference Share (and vice versa).

Series B Convertible Preference shares also have additional conversion rights whereby a holder of the Series B shares, who is also a holder of Series A shares, may at any time convert part of its holding of Series B

 

F-28


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

voting Convertible Preference shares into a like number of equivalently paid Series B nonvoting Convertible Preference shares (and vice versa). All preferential income and capital rights granted to holders of convertible preference shares shall terminate immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO with any income or capital subsequently distributed to the holders of the ordinary shares in proportion to the number of ordinary shares held.

Dividends Holders of Series A, Series B and Series C Convertible Preference shares are entitled to dividends in the same order of priority as would apply upon a liquidation, if and when declared by the Board. Certain of these rights were settled with the payment of a dividend in the cumulative amount of approximately $47 million (€36 million) in 2012. No dividends have been declared from December 21, 2012 through December 31, 2015.

Liquidation preferences In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of Series C Convertible Preference Shares are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to holders of ordinary shares and the holders of Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares, an amount per share calculated by reference to the subscription price paid. After this, certain holders of ordinary shares, subject to satisfaction of applicable conditions, are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to holders of Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares, fixed sums to be paid amongst those certain holders. Upon completion of the distribution to those certain holders of ordinary shares, holders of Series B Convertible Preference shares are entitled to receive prior and in preference to holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares, amounts calculated by reference to a cumulative dividend at the annual rate of 8% of the original subscription price, from the date of issuance to December 1, 2012, and historic interest payments on related loan notes together with €1.00 for each such share held. Further preferential rights for determinable amounts are then reserved to holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares, certain holders of ordinary shares and, finally, to holders of Series C, Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares and certain holders of ordinary shares, collectively. In each case entitlements of shareholders are calculated to take account of prior distributions that have been made, and are subject to the conditional and accelerated entitlements expressly provided for in the Company’s articles of association and the satisfaction of any declared but unpaid dividends. All remaining legally available assets of the Company are to be distributed holders of ordinary shares and Series C, Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares in proportion to the number of shares held (with the holders of convertible preference shares participating on an as converted basis).

Prior distributions (dividends, capital or otherwise) are taken into account when determining the rights of shareholders to participate in any distribution of income or capital. Certain of these rights were settled with the payment of a dividend in the cumulative amount of approximately $47 million (€36 million) in 2012. No dividends have been declared from December 21, 2012 through December 31, 2015.

11. Long-term debt

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
 
     2015      2014  
     (in thousands)  

Long-term debt, including current portion:

     

Loan Facility

     $4,421         $5,531   

2014 Convertible Loans

     933         998   

2015 Convertible Loans

     2,026           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

     7,380         6,529   

Less: current portion

       (2,514)           (1,356)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Long-term debt

         $4,866             $5,173   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-29


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2015 Convertible Loans

On October 1, 2015, the Company entered into a loan agreement with certain of its shareholders and their affiliates and members of management and executed a related convertible loan instrument, which provided 5,000,000 $1.00 unsecured convertible loan notes (the 2015 Convertible Loans), denominated in USD. The Company issued a portion of the 2015 Convertible Loans at a par value of $3.5 million to certain of its shareholders and their affiliates and members of management, including some considered to be related parties. Interest accrues at a rate of 8% per annum. Interest becomes payable on any of the outstanding 2015 Convertible Loans notes shortly after maturity or, if the principal amount is converted into shares, shortly after the later of such conversion into shares or repayment of the Loan Facility. The 2015 Convertible Loans mature on September 30, 2020 and can be repaid earlier if approved by a qualifying majority of the members of the Board and if the Loan Facility has been repaid in full. As of December 31, 2015, the amount of 2015 Convertible Loans outstanding was $3.5 million and the remaining borrowing capacity under the loan agreement was $1.5 million.

The 2015 Convertible Loans are convertible into Series C Convertible Preference shares at $1.9314 per share or into new shares issued as part of a fundraising in which the Company receives proceeds of at least $3.0 million (conversion feature), in either case with the approval of a qualifying majority of the members of the Board. In the event of a fundraising, a qualifying majority of the members of the Board can require that all 2015 Convertible Loans convert into new shares (being the class of shares issued as part of the fundraising) at a 20% discount to the average price per share paid by investors in the fundraising (redemption feature). The noteholders have the right to request conversion any time after June 30, 2016. These features were concluded to be a derivative and separately accounted from the 2015 Convertible Loans. An allocation of the net proceeds of the 2015 Convertible Loans was made to recognize the derivative liabilities at their fair value at the date of issuance. The amount allocated to the derivative liabilities was $1.5 million and recognized as a non-current liability. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

The 2015 Convertible Loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Under the current accounting guidance, the Company bifurcated the conversion feature of the 2015 Convertible Loans from the debt instrument, classified the conversion feature as a derivative liability and accretes the resulting debt discount as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the contractual term of the 2015 Convertible Loans. The effective interest rate is 18.3% per annum.

As of December 31, 2015, the remaining debt discounts associated with 2015 Convertible Loans was $1.5 million, and expected to be accreted to the balance of the 2015 Convertible Loans over the remaining term. The accretion of the debt discount has been recognized in Interest expense in the amount of $22,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Transaction costs incurred to obtain the 2015 Convertible Loans were $72,000, of which $41,000 was allocated to Long-term debt and $31,000 to the derivative liabilities. The transaction costs allocated to the derivative liabilities were recognized in Other Income (Expense), net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. The transaction costs recognized as part of the Long-term debt is being accreted to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the stated term of the 2015 Convertible Loans. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

2014 Convertible Loans

On December 17, 2014, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument, which provided 1,251,000 €1.00 unsecured convertible loan notes (2014 Convertible Loans), denominated in Euros, and was subsequently

 

F-30


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

amended on October 1, 2015. The Company issued the full amount of the 2014 Convertible Loans at a par value of €1.3 million to certain of its shareholders and their affiliates, including some considered to be related parties. The amounts outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and 2014 were $1.4 million (€1.3 million) and $1.5 million (€1.3 million), respectively. Interest accrues at 8% annual rate of simple interest for the number of days the notes are outstanding (based on a 365-day year). Interest becomes payable on any of the outstanding 2014 Convertible Loans shortly after the maturity or , if the principal amount is converted into shares, shortly after the later of such conversion into shares or repayment of the Loan Facility. The 2014 Convertible Loans mature December 18, 2019 and can be repaid earlier at their nominal value of €1.3 million if approved by a qualifying majority of the members of the Board and the Loan Facility has been repaid in full.

The 2014 Convertible Loans can be converted into Series C Convertible Preference shares at the rate of €1.74 ($1.90 as of December 31, 2015) per share or into new shares issued as part of a fundraising, which is defined as the Company raising at least €5.0 million from the issue of shares (conversion feature), in either case with the prior consent of a qualifying majority of the members of the Board. In the event of a fundraising, a qualifying majority of the members of the Board can require that all 2014 Convertible Loans convert into new shares at a price that is at a 20% discount to the average price per new share being paid by investors in the fundraising (redemption feature). These features were concluded to be a derivative and separately accounted from the 2014 Convertible Loans. An allocation of the net proceeds of the 2014 Convertible Loans was made to recognize the derivative liabilities at their fair value at the date of issuance. The amount allocated to the derivative liabilities was $0.5 million (€0.4 million) and recognized as a Non-current liability. The derivative liabilities were recorded as a non-current liability as the conversion is contingent upon Board approval. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

The 2014 Convertible Loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Under the current accounting guidance, the Company bifurcated the conversion feature of the 2014 Convertible Loans from the debt instrument, classified the conversion feature as a derivative liability and accretes the resulting debt discounts as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the contractual term of the 2015 Convertible Loans. The effective interest rate is 15.3% per annum.

As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, the remaining debt discounts associated with 2014 Convertible Loans were $0.4 million (€0.4 million) and $0.5 million (€0.4 million), respectively, and expected to be accreted to the balance of the 2014 Convertible Loans over the remaining terms. The accretion of the debt discount has been recognized in Interest expense in the amount of $39,000 and $1,000 in the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Transaction costs incurred to obtain the 2014 Convertible Loans were $58,000, of which $39,000 was allocated to Long-term debt and $19,000 to the derivative liabilities. The transaction costs allocated to the derivative liabilities were recognized in Other Income (Expense), net in the Consolidated Statement of Operations in the year ended December 31, 2014. The transaction costs recognized as part of the Long-term debt is being accreted to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the stated term of the 2014 Convertible Loans. See Note 12 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Loan Facility

On December 18, 2014, the Company executed a loan agreement with Kreos UK (Loan Facility). Under the terms of the Loan Facility, the Company borrowed €6.0 million ($7.3 million), with an outstanding balance due of €4.9 million ($5.3 million) as of December 31, 2015 and €6.0 million ($7.3 million) as of December 31,

 

F-31


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

2014, and an additional discount recognized of €0.7 million ($0.7 million) and €1.3 million ($1.6 million), respectively. The Loan Facility has a term of 36 months with principal and interest payable monthly, after a six month initial interest only period, at an annual rate of 11.5%. In addition, the Company is required to make an end-of-loan payment equal to 1.25% of the amounts lent by Kreos UK. The Company drew down the full €6.0 million with €0.2 million ($0.3 million) held back by Kreos UK from the proceeds received as an upfront payment of the principal on December 18, 2014. The Company paid $1.2 million in principal and $0.8 million in interest for the year ended December 31, 2015.

The Company has the option to redeem all outstanding amounts. Upon the occurrence of a sale or a change of control, the Company shall redeem the principal, accrued interest and other fees, and remaining interest payments calculated until the end of the term, discounted by 5%.

Parent has pledged its shares in Albireo AB and has granted a debenture (incorporating fixed and floating charges) over its assets by way of security for the obligations it owes under the Loan Facility.

The Loan Facility is guaranteed by Elobix AB and Albireo AB as principal obligors who have severally agreed to indemnify and keep indemnified Kreos UK in full and on demand from and against all and any losses, costs, claims, liabilities, damages, demands and expenses suffered or incurred by the Kreos UK arising out of, or in connection with, any failure of the Company to perform or discharge any of its obligations or liabilities.

In addition, Elobix AB and Albireo AB have agreed to pledge the following:

 

    Albireo AB shares in Elobix AB

 

    Albireo AB bank accounts

 

    Albireo AB A4250 patents

 

    Elobix elobixibat patents

 

    Elobix bank accounts

Although the bank accounts of Albireo AB and Elobix AB were pledged, Albireo AB and Elobix AB are not restricted from using the cash for working capital requirements.

Subsequently, on February 4, 2016, the Company pledged its present and future rights to fees, royalties and other payments due and payable any time under its license agreement with EA Pharma to Kreos UK in support of the Loan Facility. See Note 13 for further discussion.

In connection with the Loan Facility, the Company issued to Kreos Capital detachable warrants with a right to acquire shares at 720,000 Euro which have been fair valued as of the balance sheet date at $1.2 million (the Warrants) to purchase certain shares of the Company’s stock under specific circumstances as follows:

Pre-IPO at Kreos Capital’s election:

 

    Series B Convertible Preference shares at €1.00 ($1.22) per share;

 

    Series C Convertible Preference shares at €1.74 ($2.12) per share, or any lower price subsequently paid for this class of share by an investor, or

 

F-32


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

    Any new class of share issued on a financing round greater than €5.0 million ($6.1 million) at the lowest price per share paid by an investor.

Post-IPO:

 

    Ordinary shares at the listing price per share.

Because the amount of shares will be variable upon the exercise of the Warrants, the Company determined that the Warrants are a liability under ASC 480 and are required to be measured at fair value. The fair value of the Warrants liability is required to be re-measured at each reporting period end with changes in fair value recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The maximum number of underlying preference shares, which could be obtained through exercise and in turn converted into ordinary shares, was 720,000 shares as of both December 31, 2015 and 2014. The maximum number of underlying preference shares may change if there is an issuance of new shares and the Board approves an adjustment.

Transaction costs were allocated based on the amounts of the Loan Facility and the fair value of the Warrants. Transaction costs allocated to the Loan Facility were $0.4 million and transaction costs allocated to the Warrants were $70,000. The portion of the transaction costs allocated to the fair value of the Warrants was immediately expensed because the fair value of the Warrants is accounted for at fair value through the Company’s statements of comprehensive loss. For the portion of transaction costs that are allocated to the Loan Facility, the transaction costs are deducted from the carrying amount of the Loan Facility and along with the fair value of the Warrants, which represent a discount to the Loan Facility, are then accreted to the Statement of Comprehensive Loss over the term using effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate was 27.1% per annum. The discount is being amortized over the loan term of 36 months. Interest expense included $0.7 million and $26,000 of discount amortization for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The following is a list of annual principal maturities of the Long-term debt for year ended December 31, 2015 (in thousands):

 

Year ended December 31,

       Amount      

2016

                 $2,514   

2017

     2,819   

2018

       

2019

     1,365   

2020

     3,501   
  

 

 

 

Total cash payments

                 $10,199   
  

 

 

 

 

F-33


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

12.  Derivatives

The following disclosures summarize the fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the effects of changes in fair value related to those derivatives instruments on the Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

 

         Year Ended
    December 31,    
 

Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

   Balance Sheet Location       2015              2014      

Derivative liabilities

   Non-current liabilities     $2,047         $486   

Warrants liability

   Current liabilities     1,163         1,141   
         Year Ended
    December 31,    
 

Effect of Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging

Instruments

   Location of Gains (Losses)
Recognized
      2015              2014      

Derivative liabilities

   Non-operating income

(expense)

    $(172)         $—   

Warrants liability

   Non-operating income

(expense)

    (148)           

The derivative liabilities related to the conversion feature embedded in the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans have been separately recognized at their fair value. The Company determined that embedded features met the definition of a derivative and was required to be recorded at fair value at issuance and will be re-measured each reporting period thereafter.

13.  Subsequent events

Modification of Loan Facility

On February 4, 2016, the Company entered a Deed of Variation related to its Loan Facility. The terms of the Deed of Variation change the timing of principal payments during the term of the Loan Facility and add fees of $0.5 million to be paid over the last 18 months of the term. The total principal due under the Loan Facility, the maturity date and the stated interest rate all remained unchanged. In connection with the Deed of Variation, the Company also pledged its present and future rights to fees, royalties and other payments due and payable any time under its license agreement with EA Pharma to Kreos UK in support of the Loan Facility.

The Company accounted for the change in the payment schedule in accordance with ASC 470-50, “Modifications and Extinguishments,” as there were no concessions granted to the Company by the holders of the Loan Facility and the difference in cash flows between the original and amended loans did not change by more than 10% per holder. As a result of the modification, the changes were accounted for as a modification and accounted for prospectively.

Option Plan

On March 18, 2016, Parent (i) adopted a share option plan providing for the grant of share options to employees, consultants, officers and directors of any of the Company’s entities (the Option Plan), and (ii) entered into a warrant instrument (the 2016 Warrant Instrument) providing for the offer and issuance of warrants (2016 Warrants) and Ordinary A Shares in lieu of 2016 Warrants.

 

F-34


ALBIREO

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The terms of the Option Plan and the 2016 Warrant Instrument were subsequently amended by the Company on April 18, 2016.

The Option Plan and the 2016 Warrant Instrument, as amended, together provide for subscription rights over an aggregate amount of no more than 8,325,188 Ordinary A Shares of €0.01 each, or, in the event that Parent’s entire issued share capital is at any time comprised of a single class of share, that class of share.

Pursuant to the terms of the amended Option Plan and 2016 Warrant Instrument, as of May 4, 2016, the Parent had issued or granted: 1,581,785 warrants to purchase Ordinary A Shares at a subscription price of €0.06 per Ordinary A Share; 527,262 Ordinary A Shares at a subscription price of €0.06 per Ordinary A Share; and options to purchase 3,524,329 Ordinary A Shares at an exercise price of €0.06 per Ordinary A Share.

Amendment to License Agreement with EA Pharma

In April 2016, the Company signed an amendment to its license agreement with EA Pharma concerning the development and commercialization of elobixibat in Japan and certain other Asian countries. Under the amended terms, the Company received a one-time non-refundable payment of $8.0 million and is eligible to receive up to approximately €16.5 million ($18.0 million based on the Euro to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015) in additional milestone payments. The amount of additional milestone payments that the Company receives, if any, depends on the timing and achievement of specified regulatory events relating to elobixibat. The likelihood that the Company will achieve any particular milestone event with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or at all, is uncertain, and the Company may not earn any future milestone payment with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or ever. In addition, if regulatory approval is achieved for elobixibat in any country in EA Pharma’s licensed territory, the Company is eligible to receive royalties on future product sales and up to ¥3.5 billion ($29.1 million based on the Japanese Yen to USD exchange rate at December 31, 2015) if specified sales milestones are achieved.

Share Exchange Agreement with Biodel

On May 24, 2016, Biodel, Parent and security holders of Parent entered into a definitive share exchange agreement. As part of the transaction, a syndicate of existing Company investors has committed to subscribe for Series C Convertible Preference Shares for a total investment of $10.0 million prior to the closing of the transaction, contingent upon approval of the transaction by Biodel stockholders.

Under the terms of the share exchange agreement, Parent’s shareholders have agreed to exchange their shares for newly issued shares of Biodel common stock. Holders of Biodel securities are expected to own approximately one-third, and holders of the Parent’s securities are expected to own approximately two-thirds, of the combined company, subject to certain adjustments based on net cash of Biodel and the Company prior to closing. The transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary closing conditions.

 

F-35


ALBIREO

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 

     (Unaudited)
June 30,
2016
    December 31,
2015
 

ASSETS

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

     $6,250        $5,120   

Trade receivables

     24        1,272   

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     48        346   

Other receivables

     332        202   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current assets

     6,654        6,940   

Equipment, net

     29        34   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

                 $6,683                    $6,974   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE PREFERENCE SHARES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

    

Current liabilities:

    

Trade payables

     $1,114        $1,929   

Accrued expenses

     4,691        2,576   

Advances from licensees

     37        37   

Long-term debt, current portion

     2,783        2,514   

Warrants liability

     423        1,163   

Other liabilities

     40        63   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     9,088        8,282   

Long-term debt

     4,522        4,866   

Share-based compensation liability

     55          

Derivative liabilities

     2,224        2,047   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     15,889        15,195   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Temporary Equity:

    
    

Convertible preference shares, $0.013 par value per share — 44,945,080 shares authorized at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015; 39,354,000 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015

     520        520   

Shareholders’ equity (deficit):

    

Ordinary shares, $0.013 par value per share — 3,794,303 shares authorized, issued and outstanding at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015; and ordinary A shares, $0.013 par value per share — 8,325,188 shares authorized at June 30, 2016 and 0 shares authorized at December 31, 2015; 527,262 and 0 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015

     56        50   

Additional paid in capital

     68          

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     845        804   

Accumulated deficit

     (10,695)        (9,595)   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ deficit

     (9,726)        (8,741)   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities, convertible preference shares and shareholders’ deficit

     $6,683        $6,974   
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

F-36


ALBIREO

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2016      2015      2016      2015  

Revenue

     $7,973         $49         $8,097         $105   

Operating expenses:

           

Research and development

     2,713         1,332         4,310         2,579   

General and administrative

     3,028         193         4,334         835   

Other (income) expense, net

     290         (314)         135         (205)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     6,031         1,211         8,779         3,209   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Operating income (loss)

     1,942         (1,162)         (682)         (3,104)   

Interest expense, net

     (512)         (385)         (1,038)         (796)   

Non-operating income (expense)

     709         (67)         620         (350)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income (loss) before income taxes

     2,139         (1,614)         (1,100)         (4,250)   

Income tax

                               
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

     $2,139         $(1,614)         $(1,100)         $(4,250)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income (loss) per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares:

           

Basic

   $ 0.52       $ (0.43)       $ (0.28)       $ (1.12)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted

   $ 0.05       $ (0.43)       $ (0.28)       $ (1.12)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used in computing net income (loss) per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares:

           

Basic

     4,120,976         3,794,303         3,959,435         3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted

       44,307,992           3,794,303           3,959,435           3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

F-37


ALBIREO

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(in thousands)

(Unaudited)

 

    Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
    2016     2015     2016     2015  

Net income (loss)

    $2,139        $(1,614)        $(1,100)        $(4,250)   

Other comprehensive income (loss):

       

Foreign currency translation adjustment

    380        (311)        41        67   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss)

    380        (311)        41        67   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total comprehensive income (loss)

            $2,519                $(1,925)                $(1,059)                $(4,183)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

F-38


ALBIREO

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Convertible Preference Shares and Shareholders’ Deficit

(in thousands, except share amounts)

(Unaudited)

 

    Convertible Preference
Shares
    Ordinary Shares     Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income
    Accumulated
Deficit
    Total
Shareholders’
Deficit
 
  Shares     Amount     Shares     Amount          

Balance—January 1, 2015

    39,354,000        $520        3,794,303        $50        $—        $451        $(2,827)        $(2,326)   

Other comprehensive income

                                       353               353   

Net loss

                                              (6,768)        (6,768)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—December 31, 2015

    39,354,000        520        3,794,303        50               804        (9,595)        (8,741)   

Issuance of ordinary A shares

                  527,262        6        29                      35   

Issuance of warrants

                                39                      39   

Other comprehensive income

                                       41               41   

Net loss

                                              (1,100)        (1,100)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance—June 30, 2016

            39,354,000                $520                4,321,565                $56                $68                        $845                $(10,695)                $(9,726)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

F-39


ALBIREO

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
     2016      2015  

Cash flows from operating activities:

     

Net loss

     $(1,100)         $(4,250)   

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

     

Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs

     557         375   

Depreciation and amortization

     7         8   

Change in fair value of financial instruments

     (620)         350   

Share-based compensation expense

     55           

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

     

Trade receivables

     1,248         (14)   

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

     298         44   

Other receivables

     (130)         (12)   

Advances from licensees

             (37)   

Trade payables

     (815)         (106)   

Accrued expenses

     2,115         (164)   

Other liabilities

     (23)         7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

     1,592         (3,799)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

     

Purchase of property, plant and equipment

     (3)           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

     (3)           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

     

Payments of principal on borrowings

     (709)           

Proceeds from issuance of ordinary A shares

     35           

Proceeds from issuance of warrants, net of issuance costs

     39           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

     (635)           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     176         (611)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

     1,130         (4,410)   

Cash and cash equivalents—beginning of period

     5,120         8,175   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents—end of period

                 $6,250                     $3,765   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:

     

Cash paid for income taxes

     $—         $—   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

     $283         $445   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these interim condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

F-40


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

1.  Summary of significant accounting policies and basis of presentation

Organization

Albireo Limited (Parent) is a limited company domiciled in London, United Kingdom (UK), with its registered offices in 100 Victoria Embankment, London. As of June 30, 2016, the Parent has three direct or indirect subsidiaries: Albireo AB and Elobix AB, which are based in Gothenburg, Sweden, and Albireo Inc., which is based in Boston, Massachusetts. The Parent and its three subsidiaries are individually and collectively referred to herein as the Company.

The Company is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on the development of novel bile acid modulators to treat orphan pediatric liver diseases and other liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders. The Company was spun out of AstraZeneca in 2008, and its clinical pipeline includes two Phase 2 product candidates and one Phase 3 product candidate. A4250, the Company’s lead product candidate, in development for the potential treatment of orphan pediatric liver diseases, is currently being studied in a Phase 2 clinical trial in children with chronic cholestasis.

On May 24, 2016, Biodel Inc. (Biodel), Parent and security holders of Parent entered into a definitive share exchange agreement. Under the terms of the share exchange agreement, Parent’s shareholders have agreed to exchange their shares for newly issued shares of Biodel common stock. Holders of Biodel securities are expected to own approximately one-third, and holders of the Parent’s securities are expected to own approximately two-thirds, of the combined company, subject to certain adjustments based on net cash of Biodel and the Company prior to closing. The transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary closing conditions.

Basis of presentation

As of June 30, 2016, the Company has generated an accumulated deficit of approximately $10.7 million and a working capital deficit of $2.4 million and the Company expects to incur significant expenses and negative cash flows for the foreseeable future. Based on the Company’s operating plans, existing working capital at June 30, 2016 is not sufficient to sustain operations for 12 months from the date these financial statements are issued. The Company believes that it will be able to obtain additional working capital through arrangements to fund operations. However, there can be no assurance that such additional financing, if available at all, can be obtained on terms acceptable to the Company. If the Company is unable to obtain such additional financing, the Company will need to reevaluate future operating plans. Accordingly, there is substantial doubt regarding the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP (see —“Principles of Consolidation” below), which contemplate continuation of the Company as a going concern. The Company expects to incur further losses over the next several years as it develops its business, has not established a source of revenues sufficient to cover its operating costs, and as such, has been dependent on funding operations through the issuance of debt, the sale of equity securities and license agreements.

The Company maintained cash and cash equivalents of $6.3 million at June 30, 2016. During the six months ended June 30, 2016, the Company entered into the following arrangements which either have a direct impact on cash availability or may provide a source of cash to the Company in the future:

 

    In February 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to a loan agreement (Loan Facility) with Kreos Capital IV (UK) Limited (Kreos UK) to reduce principal repayments for a period of 6 months.

 

F-41


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

    In April 2016, the Company entered into an amendment to its license agreement with EA Pharma Co., Ltd. (EA Pharma, formerly Ajinomoto Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.) concerning the development and commercialization of elobixibat by EA Pharma in Japan and certain other Asian countries, resulting in a renegotiated payment stream that included a nonrefundable one-time payment to the Company of $8.0 million and certain changes to future contingent milestones and reductions in future royalties receivable by the Company.

As of August 15, 2016, the Company had cash and cash equivalents of $3.6 million. At the date these financial statements are issued, the Company’s committed funds comprise cash and cash equivalents and future access to $1.5 million in cash via an October 2015 convertible loan agreement. The Company estimates that its currently committed funds will be sufficient to fund its operations through November 2016.

Additionally, the Company has entered into the following arrangements which may provide additional sources of cash to the Company in the future:

 

    In May 2016, Parent entered into a definitive share exchange agreement with Biodel Inc. (Biodel) and security holders of Parent. As part of the transaction contemplated by the share exchange agreement, a syndicate of existing Company investors has committed to subscribe for Series C Preference Shares for a total investment of $10.0 million prior to the closing of the transaction. Additionally, the Company will have access to the Biodel net cash on hand at closing of the transaction, which is expected to be at least $20.0 million. Closing of the transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary conditions.

 

    The Company anticipates that the contingent investor subscription proceeds of $10.0 million, plus the expected Biodel net cash on hand upon closing of the transaction of at least $20.0 million, plus the Company’s existing committed funds discussed above, will be sufficient to fund its operations beyond 12 months from the date these financial statements are issued.

 

    The Company anticipates receiving a milestone payable if EA Pharma makes an internal decision to proceed with a new drug application for elobixibat in Japan. While the Company has no control over whether the condition to that milestone payment will be met or the timing of any such payment, management anticipates that the internal decision by EA Pharma whether to proceed with a new drug application for eloxibat in Japan will occur in the second half of 2016.

The Company must raise additional capital to fund its continued operations and may not be successful in its efforts to raise additional funds or achieve profitable operations. Amounts raised are intended to be used for further development of the Company’s product candidates and for other working capital purposes. Even if the Company is able to raise additional funds through the sale of its equity securities, loans from financial institutions or from commercialization of its assets, the Company’s cash needs could be greater than anticipated in which case it could be forced to raise additional capital.

At the present time, the Company has no commitments for any additional financing, except for the $1.5 million outstanding under the October 2015 convertible loan agreement referenced above. In addition, the potential Series C Convertible Preference Share financing is dependent on the transaction with Biodel, which is subject to the approval of the Biodel stockholders and other customary conditions. There can be no assurance that, if needed, additional capital will be available to the Company on commercially acceptable terms or at all. If the Company cannot obtain the needed capital, it may not be able to become profitable and may have to curtail or cease its operations. These and other factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

F-42


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments relating to the recoverability and classification of recorded asset amounts or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern.

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Parent (Albireo Limited) and its direct or indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, Albireo AB, Elobix AB and Albireo, Inc. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (U.S. GAAP). Any reference in these notes to applicable guidance is meant to refer to the authoritative U.S. GAAP as found in the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) and Accounting Standards Update (ASU) of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Company’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the functional currency). The functional currencies for Parent and Albireo AB, Elobix AB and Albireo, Inc. are the Euro, Swedish Krona, the Euro and the U.S. Dollar (USD), respectively. The Company consolidates in Euro and then the consolidated financial statements are translated to USD for external reporting, which is the Company’s presentation currency. The Company has elected USD as the presentation currency for ease of comparability throughout the industry.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions in each of the Company’s entities are translated into the functional currency of the entity using the exchange rates prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the translation at year-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized within Other income (expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The results and financial position of the Company and its subsidiaries that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into the presentation currency as follows:

 

  a. assets and liabilities presented are translated at the closing rate as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015;

 

  b. income and expenses for each statement of comprehensive loss are translated at annual average exchange rates that are relevant for the respective period reported, and

 

  c. all resulting exchange differences arising from such translation are recognized directly in other comprehensive loss and presented as a separate component of equity.

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Management must apply significant judgment in this process. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates.

 

F-43


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Segment information

For management purposes, the Company is managed and operated as one business unit which reflects the organizational structure and internal reporting of the Company. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, determined to be the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), manages the Company’s operations on an integrated basis for the purpose of allocating resources and evaluating performance. No separate lines of business or separate business entities have been identified with respect to any product candidate or geographical market and one operating segment is currently disclosed in the Company’s internal reporting.

Accordingly, the Company has one reporting segment which is the research and development of novel treatments for liver and gastrointestinal diseases and disorders.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all short-term highly liquid investments with an original maturity at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Concentration of risk

Credit risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to significant concentration of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable. For banks and financial institutions, only independent financial institutions with high credit ratings are engaged. The Company’s license agreements are with established and reputable pharmaceutical companies and, historically, the Company has not needed to impair accounts receivable.

Concentration of revenue and accounts receivable

The Company generally does not require collateral or other security in support of accounts receivable. Allowances are provided for individual accounts receivable when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, such as in the case of bankruptcy, deterioration in the customer’s operating results or change in financial position. If circumstances related to a customer change, estimates of the recoverability of receivables would be further adjusted. The Company also considers broad factors in evaluating the sufficiency of its allowances for doubtful accounts, including the length of time receivables are past due, significant one-time events, creditworthiness of customers and historical experience. There is no allowance for doubtful accounts as of June 30, 2016 or December 31, 2015.

Equipment, net

Equipment is stated at historical cost less depreciation and consists of computers, furniture and fixtures, and other equipment. Depreciation is computed using a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives, determined to be five years. Computers and other equipment purchased for less than $2,000 or the equivalent thereof are expensed immediately.

Gains and losses on disposals of equipment are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognized within Other Income (Expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

 

F-44


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. In such instances, the recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured first by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset group to future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, an impairment loss would be recognized if the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. There were no impairments recorded for the three months or six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015.

Research and development expenses

Research and development costs are expensed as incurred and include primarily salaries, benefits and other staff-related costs; clinical trial and related clinical manufacturing costs; contract services and other outside costs.

The Company’s preclinical studies and clinical trials are performed by third-party contract research organizations (CROs). Some of these expenses are billed monthly for services performed, while others are billed based upon milestones achieved. For preclinical studies, the significant factors used in estimating accruals include the percentage of work completed to date and contract milestones achieved. For clinical trial expenses, the significant factors used in estimating accruals included the number of patients enrolled and percentage of work completed to date or contract milestones achieved. The Company’s estimates are highly dependent upon the timeliness and accuracy of the data provided by the respective CROs regarding the status of the contracted activity, with adjustments made when deemed necessary.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is generated from the receipt of upfront or license fees, milestone payments and payments for procurement services that are made pursuant to out-licensing or related supply agreements.

Where an out-licensing arrangement of the Company involves the provision of multiple elements that may contain different remuneration arrangements such as upfront payments, milestone payments or product sales, the arrangement is assessed to determine whether separate delivery of the individual elements of such arrangement comprises more than one unit of accounting. The delivered elements are separated if (a) they have value to the licensee on a stand-alone basis, (b) there is objective and reliable evidence of the fair value of the undelivered element(s) and (c) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered element(s), delivery or performance of the undelivered element(s) is considered probable and is substantially in the control of the Company. Allocation of revenue to the different elements that require separate accounting is based on the separate selling prices determined for each component, and total consideration is then allocated pro rata across the components of the arrangement. If separate selling prices are not available, the Company will use its best estimate of such selling prices, consistent with the overall pricing strategy and relevant market factors.

The Company has determined that each element of its out-licensing agreements is a separate and distinct unit of accounting and as such the fair value of each element has been subscribed and recognized as follows:

 

    Nonrefundable upfront payments received from the Company’s out-licensing agreements relating to technical expertise and intellectual property are recognized in income if all rights relating to the intellectual property and all obligations resulting from them have been relinquished under the contract terms and the Company has no continuing material obligation to perform under the agreement. However, if rights to the intellectual property continue to exist or obligations resulting from them have yet to be fulfilled, the payments received would be deferred until all rights and obligations have been fulfilled.

 

F-45


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

    Nonrefundable payments that are linked to the achievement of significant and substantive development or regulatory milestones in the research and development process are recognized as revenue upon the achievement of the specified milestone.

 

    Revenue and costs associated with procurement services associated with pharmaceutical ingredients are recognized net in revenue when title and risk of loss of the pharmaceutical ingredients have passed to the licensee as the Company is not the primary obligor.

As of June 30, 2016, the Company had a license agreement with EA Pharma, entered into in 2012, to develop a select product candidate for registration and subsequent commercialization in select markets. The Company satisfied its material performance obligations under the agreement in 2012, upon the delivery of technical expertise and intellectual property rights to EA Pharma.

In March 2015, a second licensee of the Company (Ferring International Center S.A., or Ferring) gave notice of termination of its license agreement with the Company. The termination eliminated any prospect of future contingent income under that license agreement. There was no refund of the upfront license fee or milestone fees received by the Company through the date of termination, in accordance with the agreement.

Payments resulting from procurement services are recognized as the activities are performed and are presented on a net basis. Revenue is recorded on a net basis because the Company acts as an agent, as it does not have discretion to change suppliers and does not perform any part of the services or manufacture of the subject pharmaceutical ingredients. The costs associated with these activities are netted against the related revenue in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

For certain contingent payments under research and development arrangements, the Company recognizes revenue using the milestone method. Under the milestone method, a payment that is contingent upon the achievement of a substantive milestone is recognized in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. A milestone is an event: (i) that can be achieved based in whole or in part on either the Company’s performance or on the occurrence of a specific outcome resulting from the Company’s performance, (ii) for which there is substantive uncertainty at the date the arrangement is entered into that the event will be achieved and (iii) that would result in additional payments being due to the Company. The determination that a milestone is substantive requires estimation and judgment and is made at the inception of the arrangement. Milestones are considered substantive when the consideration earned from the achievement of the milestone is: (i) commensurate with either the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone or the enhancement of value of the item delivered as a result of a specific outcome resulting from the Company’s performance to achieve the milestone, (ii) relates solely to past performance and (iii) reasonable relative to all deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement. In making the determination as to whether a milestone is substantive or not, management of the Company considers all facts and circumstances relevant to the arrangement, including factors such as the scientific, regulatory, commercial and other risks that must be overcome to achieve the milestone, the level of effort and investment required to achieve the milestone and whether any portion of the milestone consideration is related to future performance or deliverables. The Company has evaluated each milestone specified under its license agreement with EA Pharma and its now-terminated license agreement with Ferring and determined the milestone to be substantive.

 

F-46


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

For the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, the Company recognized in full into revenue a nonrefundable one-time payment of $8.0 million received in April 2016 in connection with a renegotiated payment stream with EA Pharma linked to know-how and intellectual property delivered by the Company upon inception of the license agreement in 2012. The renegotiated payment stream was implemented via an amendment to the license agreement that did not change the contingent nature of the remaining deliverables or the parties’ respective obligations under the agreement.

Under the terms of the license agreement with EA Pharma, the Company was eligible as of June 30, 2016 to receive up to approximately (a) €16.5 million ($18.3 million based on the Euro to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016) if specified regulatory events are achieved for elobixibat in Japan and (b) ¥3.5 billion ($33.9 million based on the Japanese Yen to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016) if specified sales milestones are achieved for elobixibat following regulatory approval in any country in EA Pharma’s licensed territory. The likelihood that the Company will achieve any particular milestone event with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or at all, is uncertain, and the Company may not earn any future milestone payment with respect to elobixibat in any particular period, or ever. In addition, the Company is eligible to receive stepped royalties beginning in the high single digits on any future elobixibat product sales.

Share-based compensation

The Company accounts for share-based compensation awards in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation (ASC 718). ASC 718 requires all share-based payments, including grants of stock options, to be recognized in the consolidated statements of operations based on their respective fair values.

The fair value of the Company’s stock options has been determined using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires the input of subjective assumptions, including (i) the expected stock price volatility, (ii) the expected term of the award, (iii) the risk-free interest rate and (iv) expected dividends. Due to the lack of historical and implied volatility data of the Company’s ordinary shares and ordinary A shares, the expected stock price volatility has been estimated based on the historical volatilities of a specified group of companies in the Company’s industry that are publicly traded. The Company selected companies that it considers to have comparable characteristics to the Company, including enterprise value, risk profiles and position within the industry and with historical share price information sufficient to meet the expected term of the stock options. The historical volatility data has been computed using the daily closing prices for the selected companies.

Due to the lack of sufficient historical data, the expected term of stock options was determined by the Company using the “simplified” method, whereby the expected term equals the arithmetic average of the vesting term and the original contractual term of the award. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the expected term of the option are based on the United Kingdom Government Bond rate with a maturity date commensurate with the expected term of the associated award. In addition, it is assumed that the Company will not pay dividends in the foreseeable future.

The Company’s share-based awards are subject to either service-based or performance-based vesting conditions. During the three months ended June 30, 2016, the Company issued stock options with exercise prices denominated in a foreign currency (Euro) that are required to be accounted for as liabilities. The Company accounts for liability-classified stock-based awards based on the then-current fair values at each financial reporting date until the award is settled (exercised). Changes in the amounts attributed to these awards between the reporting dates are included in share-based compensation expense (credit) in the Company’s statement of operations. The Company includes liability-classified stock options in noncurrent liabilities on its balance sheet as their settlement (exercise) does not require use of cash, cash equivalents or other current assets.

 

F-47


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

The Company records compensation expense for service-based awards over the vesting period of the award on a straight-line basis. Compensation expense related to awards with performance-based vesting conditions is recognized when achievement of the performance condition is considered probable.

Temporary equity

The Company has classified its Series A and B Convertible Preference Shares outside of Shareholders’ Deficit on the basis that the shares are redeemable upon a liquidation event that can be forced by the holders of Preference Shares through their voting rights on the Parent’s Board of Directors (Board). Any undeclared dividends are not recognized until the time it becomes probable that the Preference Shares will be redeemable. No dividends have been recognized for the three months or six months ended June 30, 2016 or 2015.

Employee benefits

The Company has defined contribution plans, whereby the Company pays contributions to employee benefit or insurance plans on a mandatory, contractual or voluntary basis. The Company has no legal or constructive obligations to pay further contributions if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods.

The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. The contributions are recognized as employee benefit expense when they are due. Prepaid contributions are recognized as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in the future payments is available.

Loss contingencies

Loss contingencies are recorded as liabilities when it is probable that a liability has occurred and the amount of loss is reasonably estimable. Disclosure is required when there is a reasonable possibility that an ultimate loss will be material. Contingent liabilities are often resolved over long periods of time. Estimating probable losses requires analysis that often depends on judgments about potential actions by third parties, such as regulators.

Income taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740,  Income Taxes (ASC 740). Deferred income taxes are recorded for the expected tax consequences of temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and amounts recognized for income tax purposes. The Company records a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount of future tax benefit that is more likely than not to be realized.

Income tax expense consists of taxes currently payable and changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities calculated according to local tax rules. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are based on temporary differences that arise between carrying values used for financial reporting purposes and amounts used for taxation purposes of assets and liabilities and the future tax benefits of tax loss carry forwards. A deferred tax asset is recognized only to the extent that it is more likely than not that future taxable profits will be available against which the asset can be utilized.

Significant judgment is required in determining any valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers all available evidence for each

 

F-48


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

jurisdiction including past operating results, estimates of future taxable income and the feasibility of ongoing tax planning strategies. In the event that the Company changes its determination as to the amount of deferred tax assets that can be realized, the Company will adjust its valuation allowance with a corresponding impact to income tax expense in the period in which such determination is made.

The amount of deferred tax provided is calculated using tax rates enacted at the balance sheet date. The impact of tax law changes is recognized in periods when the change is enacted.

A two-step approach is applied pursuant to ASC 740 in the recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. The first step is to determine if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained in an audit, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely to be realized upon ultimate settlement.

The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalty expenses associated with uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. As of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company had no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions and no amounts have been recognized in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Earnings per share

Basic net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and ordinary A shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares by the weighted-average number of ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period, including any dilutive effect from such shares. Ordinary equivalent shares include convertible preference shares, stock options and warrants. The Company’s convertible loans are not included in ordinary equivalent shares, as they are not readily convertible at the option of the respective holders. Anti-dilutive weighted-average ordinary equivalent shares totaled 40,793,000 shares for the three months ended June 30, 2015, and 41,212,349 and 40,793,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. Anti-dilutive weighted-average ordinary equivalent shares for the three months ended June 30, 2016, totaled 2,971,950. While these ordinary equivalent shares were anti-dilutive for such periods, they could be dilutive in the future.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, “Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs,” which updated guidance to clarify the required presentation of debt issuance costs. The amended guidance requires that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the carrying amount of the recognized debt liability, consistent with the treatment of debt discounts. Amortization of debt issuance costs is to be reported as interest expense. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs is not affected by the updated guidance. The update requires retrospective application and represents a change in accounting principles. The updated guidance is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015, with early adoption permitted. The Company elected to early adopt the ASU during 2015 and has recorded $0 and $42,000 of transaction costs as reduction of long-term debt as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

 

F-49


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

In September 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements—Going Concern” (ASU No. 2014-15). The guidance addresses management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management’s evaluation should be based on relevant conditions and events that are known and reasonably knowable at the date that the financial statements are issued. The standard will be effective for the first interim period within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and for annual and interim periods thereafter. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the ASU during 2015 in its Consolidated Financial Statements.

Accounting pronouncements issued but not yet adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers: (Topic 606).” This ASU affects any entity that either enters into contracts with customers to transfer goods or services or enters into contracts for the transfer of nonfinancial assets unless those contracts are within the scope of other standards (e.g., insurance contracts or lease contracts). This ASU will supersede the revenue recognition requirements in ASC Topic 605, “Revenue Recognition,” and most industry-specific guidance. In addition, the existing requirements for the recognition of a gain or loss on the transfer of nonfinancial assets that are not in a contract with a customer (e.g., assets within the scope of ASC Topic 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment,” and intangible assets within the scope of ASC Topic 350, “Intangibles-Goodwill and Other”) are amended to be consistent with the guidance on recognition and measurement (including the constraint on revenue) in this ASU. The core principle of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In July 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of ASU 2014-09. This ASU is now effective for calendar years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In November 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-17, “Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes,” (ASU 2015-17), which amends the accounting guidance related to balance sheet classification of deferred taxes. The amendment requires that deferred tax assets and liabilities be classified as noncurrent in the statement of financial position, thereby simplifying the current guidance that requires an entity to separate deferred tax assets and liabilities into current and noncurrent amounts. ASU 2015-17 will be effective beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The amendment can be adopted either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” The new standard establishes a right-of-use (ROU) model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Shared-Based Payment Accounting,” which changes the accounting for share-based

 

F-50


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification in the statement of cash flows. The new standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and for interim periods therein, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.

2.  Fair value of financial instruments

In measuring fair value, the Company evaluates valuation techniques such as the market approach, the income approach and the cost approach. A three-level valuation hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value, is based upon whether such inputs are observable or unobservable.

Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions made by the reporting entity. The three-level hierarchy for the inputs to valuation techniques is briefly summarized as follows:

Level 1—Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical instruments in active markets;

Level 2—Observable inputs such as quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, or model-derived valuations whose significant inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

The following tables present the fair values for the Company’s financial instruments as well as the input levels used to determine these fair values as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The Company values its current assets, which include trade and other receivables, and liabilities, which include advances from licensees and accounts payable, at historical cost, which approximates fair value. The Loan Facility (see Note 12) is being carried at cost less unamortized discount, which approximates fair value, due to the short-term nature of the Loan Facility.

As of June 30, 2016, the Company has two convertible loan instruments outstanding. On December 17, 2014, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument, which provided 1,251,000 €1.00 unsecured convertible loan notes (2014 Convertible Loans), denominated in Euros, and was subsequently amended on October 1, 2015. On October 1, 2015, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument which provided 5,000,000 $1.00, unsecured convertible loan notes (the 2015 Convertible Loans), denominated in USD. See Note 12 for a further understanding of these instruments.

The fair value of the 2015 Convertible Loans was $2.4 million and $2.1 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The fair value of the 2014 Convertible Loans was $1.0 million and $954,000 as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The valuation methods used to value the 2014 and 2015 Convertible Loans were the income approach and Monte Carlo simulation analysis. The key assumptions are the same as those used to determine the fair value of derivative liabilities as described below.

 

F-51


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

          Total Carrying Value on the
Consolidated Balance Sheet
    Fair Value Measurements  
    Fair Value
Level
    June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
    December 31,
2015
    June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
    December 31,
2015
 
          (in thousands)  
Financial Instruments Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis          

Current liabilities:

         

Warrants

    3        $423        $1,163        $423        $1,163   

Noncurrent liabilities:

         

Derivative liabilities

    3        2,224        2,047        2,224        2,047   

 

     Derivative Liabilities     Warrants  
     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
    December 31,
2015
    June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
    December 31,
2015
 
     (in thousands)  
Financial Instruments with a Level 3 measurement         

Balance, beginning

     $2,047        $486        $1,163        $1,141   

(Income) loss recognized in earnings

     145        172        (765)        148   

Purchases, sales, issues and settlements

            1,485                 

Foreign currency (gains) losses

     32        (96)        25        (126)   

Transfers in (out)

                            
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance, ending

             $2,224              $ 2,047                $423                $1,163   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2015, the Company elected to early adopt ASU No. 2015-03, which requires debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability to be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. See Note 1.

There were no transfers from one level to the other during the reporting periods.

Derivative liabilities

The fair values of the derivative liabilities related to the convertible features associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans were determined using the income approach and Monte Carlo simulation analysis on inception. See Note 12 for a further understanding of these instruments. The income approach was used as the starting point to determine the Company’s equity value. The Monte Carlo simulation was then used to determine possible future values of the Company’s equity. Using the Monte Carlo simulation, the Company considered the following scenarios:

 

    Series C Convertible Preference Shares financing (Round C): Under this assumption, the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans would convert into a known number of Series C Convertible Preference Shares at a known price, which is based on the expected conversion price of Series C Convertible Preference Shares. The Company then used the estimated value of the total Series C Convertible Preference Shares and accrued interest and discounted the value using a risk free interest rate of 0.41% and 0.39% per annum as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

 

F-52


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

    No IPO: The Company assumed that no conversion will take place in the event an IPO did not occur. The Company valued the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans using the income approach. The cash flows were based on principal and a contractual 8% annual interest rate. This amount was then discounted at the estimated market rate of 20.0% and 21.0% per annum as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015.

Based upon these scenarios, the fair value of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans was determined to be $593,000 (€534,000) and $566,000 (€519,000) as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Using the same methods, the fair value of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2015 Convertible Loans was determined to be $1.6 million and $1.5 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

The derivative liabilities are recorded as a noncurrent liability, as the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

Significant unobservable inputs used in the measurement of the derivative liabilities associated with the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans included the discount rate and the probability of the issuance and sale of Series C Convertible Preference Shares in Round C.

The Company performed a sensitivity analysis regarding the discount rate. By varying the discount rate by 0.5%, the resulting values of the derivative liabilities that were bifurcated from the 2014 Convertible Loans were as follows (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  
         +0.5%              -0.5%              +0.5%              -0.5%      

Assumptions:

           

Discount rate

   $ 722       $ 473       $ 697       $ 445   

By varying the probability of Round C by 15% and 25% at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the resulting values of the 2014 Convertible Loans were as follows (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  
         +15%              -15%              +25%              -25%      

Assumptions:

           

Probability of Round C

   $ 1,815       $ 1,592       $ 1,641       $ 1,399   

The Company performed a sensitivity analysis regarding the discount rate. By varying the discount rate by 0.5%, the resulting values of the derivative liabilities that were bifurcated from the 2015 Convertible Loans were as follows (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  
         +0.5%              -0.5%              +0.5%              -0.5%      

Assumptions:

           

Discount rate

   $ 1,979       $ 1,299       $ 1,852       $ 1,126   

 

F-53


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

By varying the probability of the Round C by 15% and 25% at June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, the resulting values of the 2015 Convertible Loans were as follows (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  
         +15%              -15%              +25%              -25%      

Assumptions:

           

Probability of Round C

   $ 4,345       $ 3,733       $ 3,973       $ 3,217   

Warrants

In connection with the Loan Facility, the Company issued to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited (Kreos Capital) detachable warrants with a right to acquire shares at 720,000 Euro (the Warrants), which have been valued as of June 30, 2016 at $423,000. The Company recognized the Warrants at fair value at the time of execution of the Loan Facility and re-measures their fair value on a recurring basis thereafter. See Note 12 for a further description of the Warrants.

As of December 31, 2015, the Company calculated the Warrants’ fair value as follows:

 

    The Company’s equity value was estimated using the traditional income approach.

 

    The Company’s equity value was then allocated among classes of its capital structure. The allocation was performed using the Option Pricing Methodology (OPM). This method treats securities as options with the Company. The allocation was used to determine the value of Series B Convertible Preference shares. The Company assumed that any exercise of the Warrants would be to purchase Series B Convertible Preference Shares, as this class had the lowest exercise price, and also assumed scenarios where the Warrants will not be exercised.

As of December 31, 2015, a weighted average of both the OPM and a traditional Black-Scholes formula was used to calculate the fair value of the Warrants. The key assumptions used in the OPM as of December 31, 2015, included the following:

 

     December 31,
2015
 

Term (in years)

     1.0   

Risk-free interest rate

     0.7%   

Volatility

     85%   

A traditional Black-Scholes formula was then used to calculate the fair value of the Warrants with the strike price of €1 and stock price as calculated in the allocation. The assumptions used in applying the Black-Scholes formula include the following:

 

     December 31,
2015
 

Stock price

     $1.77   

Exercise price

     $1.09   

Term (in years)

     7.50   

Risk-free interest rate

     2.12%   

Volatility

     90%   

Dividend

     0%   

 

F-54


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

As of June 30, 2016, the Company estimated the fair value of the Warrants, primarily using the binomial method. The revision from December 31, 2015, was due to the execution of the definitive share exchange agreement with Biodel in 2016. The binomial method used assumptions that were based on the Warrants being exchanged for warrants exercisable for shares of Biodel common stock.

The key assumptions used in the binomial method as of June 30, 2016, included the following:

 

     June 30, 2016  

Stock price

     $10.20   

Exercise price

     $11.77   

Term (in years)

     1.0   

Risk-free interest rate

     0.59%   

Volatility

     79.4%   

Based on these different methods, the fair value of the Warrants was determined to be $423,000 (€381,000) and $1.2 million (€1.1 million) as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and was classified as current liabilities because the Warrants are immediately exercisable. The fair value of the Warrants decreased by $1.0 million and $765,000 for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively.

The significant unobservable input used in the measurement of the Warrants’ liability included the term used in the OPM. The Company performed sensitivity analysis regarding this input and the value of the Warrants was found to be as follows using a 0.5 year decrease or 0.5 year increase in the term (in thousands):

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  
         +0.5              -0.5              +0.5              -0.5      

Term

   $ 426       $ 425       $ 1,253       $ 1,251   

3.  Equipment

Equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

 

     June 30,
2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  

Cost:

     

Equipment cost as of January 1,

     $142         $152   

Additions

     3           

Exchange differences

             (10)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Equipment cost as of period end

     145         142   

Less:

     

Accumulated depreciation as of January 1

     (108)         (100)   

Amortization for the period

     (7)         (15)   

Exchange differences

     (1)         7   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Accumulated depreciation as of period end

     (116)         (108)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total equipment, net

                 $29                     $34   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-55


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Depreciation expense for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $3,000 and $4,000, respectively, and depreciation expense for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 was $7,000 and $8,000, respectively.

4.  Accrued expenses

Accrued expenses consist of the following (in thousands):

 

     June 30,
2016
(unaudited)
     December 31, 2015  

Accrued bonuses

     $762         $392   

Accrued vacation pay

     342         368   

Accrued social security pay

     149         150   

Accrued interest

     394         243   

Accrued professional fees

     1,809         758   

Accrued development costs

     941         665   

Accrued other costs

     294           
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total accrued expenses

               $ 4,691                   $ 2,576   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

5.  Commitments and contingencies

Operating lease commitments

In July 2015, the Company entered into a month-to-month lease agreement for office space in Boston, Massachusetts.

In July 2014, the Company entered into a 36-month building lease for approximately 2,900 square feet of office space in Gothenburg, Sweden. The lease does not have stated escalating rent clauses, except for changes in the Swedish Consumer Price Index (CPI). The lease renews automatically for consecutive three-year terms, unless notice of nonrenewal is given by either party at least nine months prior to the end of the current term and subject to the Company’s right to terminate the lease at any time upon six months’ notice.

As of June 30, 2016, future minimum commitments under facility operating leases were $43,000.

Rent expense recognized under the Company’s operating leases was $27,000 and $21,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $54,000 and $42,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Agreements with CROs

As of June 30, 2016, the Company had various agreements with CROs for the conduct of specified research and development activities and, based on the terms of the respective agreements, may be required to make future payments of up to $95,000 upon the completion of contracted work.

Other Commitments

In connection with the spin-off from AstraZeneca in 2008, and associated transfer agreements, the Company became party to an assignment agreement between AstraZeneca and a named inventor on a patent

 

F-56


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

related to elobixibat. In connection with this agreement, the inventor is entitled upon the initial launch of a pharmaceutical product that constitutes an IBAT-inhibitor in specified countries to a one-time “launch fee” payment of SEK 4.0 million ($472,000, based on the Swedish Kronor to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016).

6.  Employee benefits expense

The Company has defined contribution retirement benefit plans. The expenses for the Company’s employee benefits recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations were as follows (in thousands):

 

    Three Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
 
    2016     2015     2016     2015  

Wages and salaries

    $455        $407        $1,223        $870   

Social security expenses

    117        79        209        110   

Pension expenses – defined contribution plans

    110        110        181        166   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 
            $682                $596                $1,613                $1,146   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

7.  Net income (loss) per share

Basic net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and ordinary A shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is calculated by dividing the net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares by the weighted-average number of ordinary equivalent shares outstanding during the period, including any dilutive effect from such shares. As the Company had a net loss for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2015, all potentially dilutive ordinary equivalent shares were determined to be anti-dilutive. The Company had net income for the three months ended June 30, 2016, for which dilutive ordinary equivalent shares were calculated.

 

F-57


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except for share data):

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
 
     2016      2015      2016      2015  

Basic EPS:

           

Numerator

           

Net income (loss)

     $2,139         $(1,614)         $(1,100)         $(4,250)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares

     $2,139         $(1,614)         $(1,100)         $(4,250)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Denominator

           

Weighted average number of ordinary shares and ordinary A shares in issue

     4,120,976         3,794,303         3,959,435         3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of shares used for basic EPS computation

     4,120,976         3,794,303         3,959,435         3,794,303   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Basic EPS

     $0.52         $(0.43)         $(0.28)         $(1.12)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Diluted EPS:

           

Numerator

           

Net income (loss)

     $2,139         $(1,614)         $(1,100)         $(4,250)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net income (loss) attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares

             $2,139                 $(1,614)                 $(1,100)                 $(4,250)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Denominator

           

Weighted average number of ordinary shares and ordinary A shares in issue

     4,120,976         3,794,303         3,959,435         3,794,303   

Conversion of Convertible Preference Shares

     39,354,000                           

Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:

           

2016 Warrants to purchase ordinary A shares

     833,016                           
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Number of shares used for basic EPS computation

     44,307,992         3,794,303         3,959,435         3,794,303   

Diluted EPS

     $0.05         $(0.43)         $(0.28)         $(1.12)   

 

F-58


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

The following weighted-average outstanding ordinary equivalent shares were excluded from the computation of diluted net income (loss) per share for the periods presented because including them would have been anti-dilutive:

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
(unaudited)
 
     2016      2015      2016      2015  

Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

             39,354,000         39,354,000         39,354,000   

Convertible Loans convertible to Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

             719,000                 719,000   

Warrants to purchase Convertible Preference Shares (on an as-converted basis)

     809,211         720,000         765,096         720,000   

Options to purchase ordinary A shares

     2,162,739                 1,093,253           

8.  Income taxes

The Company did not record income tax provisions or benefits for the three months or the six months ended June 30, 2016, or for the three months or the six months ended June 30, 2015, due to an expected loss before income taxes to be incurred for the years ending December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the Company’s continued maintenance of a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets. The Company has had an overall net operating loss position since its inception. The Company had approximately $2.8 million and $2.7 million in valuation allowances recorded against its deferred tax assets as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively.

9.  Shareholders’ equity

The Company’s equity structure includes ordinary shares and ordinary A shares.

The different classes of shares carry different transfer rights and distribution rights as described in the Company’s articles of association.

Transfer rights include, for holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares or Series C Convertible Preference Shares, but who are not holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares or specified members of management, the right to transfer any shares held (where the holder is a company or other entity or investment vehicle) to its holding company or to any subsidiary of that holding company or to any entity or investment vehicle in which the holder, its holding company or any subsidiary of that holding company has a majority economic interest, or to any affiliate or (where the holder is an investment fund or investment fund manager or nominee thereof) to any successor investment fund, or investment manager of any nominee thereof or to the general partner of such fund (or, solely in connection with a dissolution, any participant or partner in such fund).

Distribution rights include the right to the distribution of income or capital of the Company, whether paid by way of dividend, a reduction of capital, as a consequence of a liquidation or otherwise, in accordance with the priorities established by the Company’s articles of association which include, but are not limited to, an initial preferred return in favor of the holders of Series C Convertible Preference Shares, preferred returns (conditional in certain respects) in favor of certain holders of ordinary shares, preferred returns in favor of holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares and a preferred return in favor of holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares.

 

F-59


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Ordinary shares and ordinary A shares have voting rights of one vote per share.

All preferential income and capital rights granted shall terminate immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO, with any income or capital subsequently distributed to the holders of the ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares in proportion to the number of ordinary shares and ordinary A shares held. A Qualifying IPO has been defined in the articles of association as a fully underwritten IPO with a price per share representing a premoney valuation for the Company of at least $150 million or more, or the Euro equivalent, calculated on a fully diluted basis pursuant to which the Company receives gross proceeds of $40 million or more, or the Euro equivalent.

The following tables summarize the Company’s ordinary shares and ordinary A shares outstanding as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015:

 

As of June 30, 2016 (unaudited)

 
Number of shares  

Type of share

   Authorized      Issued and
Outstanding
     Nominal value      Voting right      Book value  
                                 (in thousands)  

Ordinary shares

     3,794,303         3,794,303       $ 0.013         1.00       $ 50   

Ordinary A shares

     8,325,188         527,262       $ 0.013         1.00         35   

 

As of December 31, 2015

 
Number of shares  

Type of share

   Authorized      Issued and
Outstanding
     Nominal value      Voting right      Book value  
                                 (in thousands)  

Ordinary shares

     3,794,303         3,794,303       $ 0.013         1.00       $ 50   

Ordinary and ordinary A shares are denominated in Euros at €0.01 per share.

Issuance of Warrants and Ordinary A Shares

On March 18, 2016, Parent entered into a warrant instrument (the 2016 Warrant Instrument) for the offer and issuance of warrants (2016 Warrants) and ordinary A shares in lieu of 2016 Warrants. The terms of the 2016 Warrant Instrument were subsequently amended by the Company on April 18, 2016.

Pursuant to the terms of the amended 2016 Warrant Instrument, as of August 15, 2016, Parent had issued 1,581,785 2016 Warrants to employees of, and consultants to, the Company with a fair value of $0.05 (€0.04) per warrant and 527,262 ordinary A shares with a fair value of $0.07 (€0.06) per ordinary A share. Total cash proceeds received were $71,000 (€63,000) for the 2016 Warrants and $35,000 (€32,000) for the ordinary A shares, less related issuance costs of $32,000 (€28,000). The 2016 Warrants are immediately exercisable by the holders and the Company has the right but not the obligation to repurchase the outstanding and unexercised 2016 Warrants (Call Option) if the related party is no longer a qualifying person under the 2016 Warrant Instrument, which is considered to be a future contingent feature.

The number of 2016 Warrants that may be repurchased is reduced ratably each quarter over a four-year period. As of June 30, 2016, 1,482,923 2016 Warrants remained subject to this conditional repurchase right. If the Company elects to repurchase any 2016 Warrants, the Company will pay the 2016 Warrant holder an amount equal to the original purchase price of $0.04 (€0.04) for each such 2016 Warrant.

There were 1,581,785 2016 Warrants outstanding and exercisable as of June 30, 2016. The 2016 Warrants may be exercised to purchase ordinary A shares at an exercise price of €0.06 per share. The exercise term of the 2016 Warrants is five years.

 

F-60


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Because the 2016 Warrants were issued at fair value and there are no service conditions, the Company accounted for the 2016 Warrants as an equity instruments. The related Call Options are not legally detachable or separately exercisable and therefore are accounted for together with the 2016 Warrants.

10.  Temporary equity

Temporary equity as of June 30, 2016, consisted of the following:

 

As of June 30, 2016 (unaudited)

 
Number of shares  

Type of share

   Authorized      Issued and
Outstanding
     Nominal value      Voting right      Book value  
                                 (in thousands)  

Series A Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     1,504,291         1,504,291                 $0.013         1.00         $19   

Series A Convertible Preference
shares – nonvoting

     3,175,074         3,175,074         0.013                 43   

Series B Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     35,394,635         34,674,635         0.013         1.00         458   

Series C Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     4,871,080                 0.013                 1.00           
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Total

         44,945,080             39,354,000                           $520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Temporary equity as of December 31, 2015, consisted of the following:

 

As of December 31, 2015

 
Number of shares  

Type of

   Authorized      Issued and
Outstanding
     Nominal value      Voting right      Book value  
                                 (in thousands)  

Series A Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     1,504,291         1,504,291                 $0.013                 1.00         $19   

Series A Convertible Preference
shares – nonvoting

     3,175,074         3,175,074         0.013                 43   

Series B Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     35,394,635         34,674,635         0.013         1.00         458   

Series C Convertible Preference
shares – voting

     4,871,080                 0.013         1.00           
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Total

         44,945,080             39,354,000                           $520   
  

 

 

    

 

 

          

 

 

 

Significant provisions of the convertible preference shares are as follows:

Voting —Each Series A, Series B and Series C Convertible Preference share is entitled to one vote per share on an as converted basis. Each Series A and Series B Convertible Preference share that is classified as nonvoting is not entitled to any voting rights.

Transfers —Shareholders in each class have certain transfer rights. Transfer rights include, for holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares or Series C Convertible Preference Shares, but who are not holders of

 

F-61


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

Series A Convertible Preference Shares or specified members of management, the right to transfer any shares held (where the holder is a company or other entity or investment vehicle) to its holding company or to any subsidiary of that holding company or to any entity or investment vehicle in which the holder, its holding company or any subsidiary of that holding company has a majority economic interest, or to any affiliate or (where the holder is an investment fund or investment fund manager or nominee thereof) to any successor investment fund, or investment manager of any nominee thereof or to the general partner of such fund (or solely in connection with a dissolution any participant or partner in such fund).

Conversion —Series A Convertible Preference shares have conversion rights that enable any holder of Series A shares to at any time to convert the whole or part of its holding into ordinary shares. In addition, upon notice by the holders of 65% of the outstanding voting preference shares, immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO or immediately prior to a sale of the Company, each Series A share shall automatically be converted into ordinary shares at a ratio of 1:1 (subject to adjustment in accordance with the anti-dilution mechanism provided for in the Company’s articles of association). The holders of Series B Convertible Preference Shares and Series C Convertible Preference Shares have conversion rights that are broadly equivalent to conversion rights of the holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares as described in this paragraph.

Series A Convertible Preference shares have additional conversion rights whereby a holder of Series A shares, may at any time convert part of its holding of Series A voting Convertible Preference shares into a like number of equivalently paid Series A nonvoting Convertible Preference shares, provided such holder holds at least one Series A Convertible Preference Share (and vice versa).

Series B Convertible Preference shares also have additional conversion rights whereby a holder of the Series B shares, who is also a holder of Series A shares, may at any time convert part of its holding of Series B voting Convertible Preference shares into a like number of equivalently paid Series B nonvoting Convertible Preference shares (and vice versa).

All preferential income and capital rights granted to holders of convertible preference shares shall terminate immediately prior to a Qualifying IPO with any income or capital subsequently distributed to the holders of the ordinary shares in proportion to the number of ordinary shares held.

Dividends Holders of Series A, Series B and Series C Convertible Preference shares are entitled to dividends in the same order of priority as would apply upon a liquidation, if and when declared by the Board. Certain of these rights were settled with the payment of a dividend in the cumulative amount of approximately $47 million (€36 million) in 2012. No dividends have been declared from December 21, 2012 through June 30, 2016.

Liquidation preferences In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Company, holders of Series C Convertible Preference Shares are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to holders of ordinary shares and the holders of Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares, an amount per share calculated by reference to the subscription price paid. After this, certain holders of ordinary shares, subject to satisfaction of applicable conditions, are entitled to receive, prior and in preference to holders of Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares, fixed sums to be paid amongst those certain holders. Upon completion of the distribution to those certain holders of ordinary shares, holders of Series B Convertible Preference shares are entitled to receive prior and in preference to holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares, amounts calculated by reference to a cumulative dividend at the annual rate of 8% of the original subscription price, from the date of issuance to December 1, 2012, and historic interest payments on related loan notes together with €1.00 for each such share held. Further preferential rights for determinable amounts are then

 

F-62


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

reserved to holders of Series A Convertible Preference Shares, certain holders of ordinary shares and, finally, to holders of Series C, Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares and certain holders of ordinary shares, collectively. In each case entitlements of shareholders are calculated to take account of prior distributions that have been made, and are subject to the conditional and accelerated entitlements expressly provided for in the Company’s articles of association and the satisfaction of any declared but unpaid dividends. All remaining legally available assets of the Company are to be distributed holders of ordinary shares and Series C, Series B and Series A Convertible Preference Shares in proportion to the number of shares held (with the holders of convertible preference shares participating on an as converted basis).

Prior distributions (dividends, capital or otherwise) are taken into account when determining the rights of shareholders to participate in any distribution of income or capital. Certain of these rights were settled with the payment of a dividend in the cumulative amount of approximately $47 million (€36 million) in 2012. No dividends have been declared from December 21, 2012 through June 30, 2016.

Commitments— On May 24, 2016, Biodel, Parent and security holders of Parent entered into a definitive share exchange agreement. As part of the transaction contemplated by the share exchange agreement, a syndicate of existing Company investors has committed to subscribe for Series C Convertible Preference Shares for a total investment of $10.0 million prior to the closing of the transaction, contingent upon approval of the transaction by Biodel stockholders.

11.  Share-based Compensation

On March 18, 2016, Parent adopted a share option plan providing for the grant of share options to employees, consultants, officers and directors of any of the Company’s entities (the 2016 Option Plan).

The terms of the 2016 Option Plan were subsequently amended by the Company on April 18, 2016.

The 2016 Option Plan, as amended, provide for subscription rights over an aggregate amount of no more than 8,325,188 ordinary A shares of €0.01 each, or, in the event that Parent’s entire issued share capital is at any time comprised of a single class of share, that class of share. The aggregate number of subscription rights under the 2016 Option Plan is reduced by ordinary A shares issued plus the ordinary A shares issuable under 2016 Warrants. Refer to Note 9 for the number of 2016 Warrants and ordinary A shares offered and issued.

Pursuant to the terms of the amended 2016 Option Plan, as of August 15, 2016, the Parent had issued or granted options to purchase 3,524,329 ordinary A shares at an exercise price of €0.06 per ordinary A share.

The Company recognized share-based compensation expense for employees in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations as follows (in thousands):

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
     Six Months Ended
June 30,
 
         2016              2015              2016              2015      

General and administrative

     $55         $—         $55               $   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total share-based compensation

             $55         $—                 $55               $   
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

The share options have been classified as a liability on the basis that they were granted in a currency other than the functional currency of the employing Company subsidiary of the recipients. These share options will be subject to revaluation until they are exercised or forfeited.

 

F-63


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

As of June 30, 2016, there were options to purchase 3,524,329 ordinary A shares, none of which were vested and exercisable. Of the outstanding options, options to purchase 555,012 ordinary A shares are subject to vesting based on achievement of specified events. The exercise term of all stock options is 10 years.

A summary of the outstanding stock options as of June 30, 2016 is as follows:

 

     Stock Options Outstanding  
     Number of
Shares
     Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price Per
Share
     Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
(Years)
     Weighted-
Average
Fair
Value Per
Share*
 

Outstanding—December 31, 2015

                

Granted

     3,524,329       $ 0.07         9.82       $ 0.05   

Forfeited

                

Exercised

                
  

 

 

          

Outstanding—June 30, 2016

     3,524,329       $ 0.07         9.82       $ 0.40   
  

 

 

          

Exercisable—June 30, 2016

                
  

 

 

          

Expected to vest—June 30, 2016

     2,969,317       $ 0.07         9.82       $ 0.40   
  

 

 

          

 

* The stock options are remeasured at each reporting period end date for the weighted-average fair value per share.

The stock options outstanding at June 30, 2016 include two performance-based options, one to purchase 277,506 shares that vests upon completion of the transaction with Biodel or an initial public offering of the Company that exceeds a specified valuation and raises a specified minimum amount and one to purchase 277,506 shares that vests upon the date the Company files a new drug application with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for A4250 for any orphan indication, if such filing occurs prior to a specified date. Each of the performance-based options has an exercise price of €0.06 ($0.07) per share.

As of June 30, 2016, the total unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested options was $1.2 million which the Company expects to recognize over an estimated weighted average period of 3.82 years.

In determining the estimated fair value of the share-based awards, the Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and assumptions discussed below. Each of these inputs is subjective and generally requires significant judgment to determine.

The fair value of share option awards was estimated with the following assumptions:

 

     As of the
Grant Date*
   As of
June 30, 2016

Share price of ordinary A shares

   $0.07    $0.44

Expected term (in years)

   6.08    5.89

Risk-free interest rate

   1.18%-1.19%    1.14%-1.15%

Expected volatility

   83.39%    83.09%

Dividend rate

   0%    0%

 

* The option awards were granted on April 21, 2016 and April 25, 2016.

 

F-64


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

12.  Long-term debt

 

     June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31,
2015
 
     (in thousands)  

Long-term debt, including current portion:

     

Loan Facility

     $4,259         $4,421   

2014 Convertible Loans

     983         933   

2015 Convertible Loans

     2,063         2,026   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total long-term debt

     7,305         7,380   

Less: current portion

     (2,783)         (2,514)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Long-term debt

             $4,522                 $4,866   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

2015 Convertible Loans

On October 1, 2015, the Company entered into a loan agreement with certain of its shareholders and their affiliates and members of management and executed a related convertible loan instrument, which provided 5,000,000 $1.00, unsecured convertible loan notes (the 2015 Convertible Loans), denominated in USD. The Company issued a portion of the 2015 Convertible Loans at a par value of $3.5 million to certain of its shareholders and their affiliates and members of management, including some considered to be related parties. Interest accrues at a rate of 8% per annum. Interest becomes payable on any of the outstanding 2015 Convertible Loans notes shortly after maturity or, if the principal amount is converted into shares, shortly after the later of such conversion into shares or repayment of the Loan Facility. The 2015 Convertible Loans mature on September 30, 2020 and can be repaid earlier if approved by a qualifying majority of the members of the Board and if the Loan Facility has been repaid in full. The aggregate principal amount of the 2015 Convertible Loans outstanding as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $3.5 million.

The 2015 Convertible Loans are convertible into Series C Convertible Preference shares at $1.9314 per share or into new shares issued as part of a fundraising in which the Company receives proceeds of at least $3.0 million (conversion feature), in either case with the approval of a qualifying majority of the members of the Board. In the event of a fundraising, a qualifying majority of the members of the Board can require that all 2015 Convertible Loans convert into new shares (being the class of shares issued as part of the fundraising) at a 20% discount to the average price per share paid by investors in the fundraising (redemption feature). The noteholders have the right to request conversion any time after June 30, 2016. These features were concluded to be a derivative and separately accounted from the 2015 Convertible Loans. An allocation of the net proceeds of the 2015 Convertible Loans was made to recognize the derivative liabilities at their fair value at the date of issuance. The amount allocated to the derivative liabilities was $1.5 million and recognized as a noncurrent liability. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

The 2015 Convertible Loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Under the current accounting guidance, the Company bifurcated the conversion feature of the 2015 Convertible Loans from the debt instrument, classified the conversion feature as a derivative liability and accretes the resulting debt discount as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the contractual term of the 2015 Convertible Loans. The effective interest rate is 18.3% per annum.

The remaining debt discount associated with 2015 Convertible Loans was $1.4 million and $1.5 million as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and is expected to be accreted to the balance of the

 

F-65


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

2015 Convertible Loans over the remaining term. The accretion of the debt discount has been recognized in Interest expense in the amount of $31,000 and $57,000 for the three months and six months ended June 30, 2016, respectively. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Transaction costs incurred to obtain the 2015 Convertible Loans were $72,000, of which $41,000 was allocated to Long-term debt and $31,000 to the derivative liabilities. The transaction costs allocated to the derivative liabilities were recognized in Other Income (Expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. The transaction costs recognized as part of the Long-term debt is being accreted to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the stated term of the 2015 Convertible Loans. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

2014 Convertible Loans

On December 17, 2014, the Company executed a convertible loan instrument, which provided 1,251,000 €1.00 unsecured convertible loan notes (2014 Convertible Loans) and was subsequently amended on October 1, 2015. The Company issued the full amount of the 2014 Convertible Loans at a par value of €1.3 million to certain of its shareholders and their affiliates, including some considered to be related parties. The aggregate principal amount of the 2014 Convertible Loans outstanding as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015 was $1.4 million (€1.3 million) and $1.4 million (€1.3 million), respectively. Interest accrues at 8% annual rate of simple interest for the number of days the notes are outstanding (based on a 365-day year). Interest will become payable on any of the outstanding 2014 Convertible Loans shortly after the maturity or, if the principal amount is converted into shares, shortly after the later of such conversion into shares or repayment of the Loan Facility. The 2014 Convertible Loans mature on December 18, 2019 and can be repaid earlier at their nominal value of €1.3 million if approved by a qualifying majority of the members of the Board and if the Loan Facility has been repaid in full.

The 2014 Convertible Loans can be converted into Series C Convertible Preference shares at the rate of €1.74 ($1.93 as of June 30, 2016) per share or into new shares issued as part of a fundraising, which is defined as the Company raising at least €5.0 million from the issue of shares (conversion feature), in either case with the prior consent of a qualifying majority of the members of the Board. In the event of a fundraising, a qualifying majority of the members of the Board can require that all 2014 Convertible Loans convert into new shares at a price that is at a 20% discount to the average price per new share being paid by investors in the fundraising (redemption feature). These features were concluded to be a derivative and separately accounted from the 2014 Convertible Loans. An allocation of the net proceeds of the 2014 Convertible Loans was made to recognize the derivative liabilities at their fair value at the date of issuance. The amount allocated to the derivative liabilities was $487,000 (€400,000) and recognized as a noncurrent liability. The derivative liabilities were recorded as a noncurrent liability as the conversion is contingent upon Board approval. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

The 2014 Convertible Loans are accounted for in accordance with ASC Subtopic 470-20, “Debt with Conversion and Other Options.” Under the current accounting guidance, the Company bifurcated the conversion feature of the 2014 Convertible Loans from the debt instrument, classified the conversion feature as a derivative liability and accretes the resulting debt discount as interest expense using the effective interest rate method over the contractual term of the 2014 Convertible Loans. The effective interest rate is 15.3% per annum.

The remaining debt discount associated with 2014 Convertible Loans was $414,000 (€371,000) and $442,000 (€396,000) as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, and is expected to be accreted to

 

F-66


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

the balance of the 2014 Convertible Loans over the remaining term. The accretion of the debt discount has been recognized in Interest expense in the amount of $15,000 and $9,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $29,000 and $17,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Transaction costs incurred to obtain the 2014 Convertible Loans were $58,000, of which $39,000 was allocated to Long-term debt and $19,000 to the derivative liabilities. The transaction costs allocated to the derivative liabilities were recognized in Other Income (Expense), net in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations in the year ended December 31, 2014. The transaction costs recognized as part of the Long-term debt is being accreted to Interest expense using the effective interest method over the stated term of the 2014 Convertible Loans. See Note 13 for discussion of Derivatives and Note 2 for discussion of Fair Value of Financial Instruments.

Loan Facility

On December 18, 2014, the Company executed a loan agreement with Kreos UK (Loan Facility). Under the terms of the Loan Facility, the Company borrowed €6.0 million ($7.3 million), with an outstanding balance due of €4.2 million ($4.7 million) as of June 30, 2016 and €4.9 million ($5.3 million) as of December 31, 2015, and an additional discount recognized of €771,000 ($856,000) and €681,000 ($743,000), as of June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively. The Loan Facility has a term of 36 months with principal and interest payable monthly, after a six month initial interest only period, at an annual rate of 11.5%. In addition, the Company is required to make an end-of-loan payment equal to 1.25% of the amounts lent by Kreos UK. The Company drew down the full €6.0 million with €229,000 ($250,000) held back by Kreos UK from the proceeds received as an upfront payment of the principal on December 18, 2014. The Company paid $477,000 and $0 in principal for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $713,000 and $0 in principal for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company paid $140,000 and $0 in interest for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $288,000 and $0 in interest for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The Company has the option to redeem all outstanding amounts. Upon the occurrence of a sale or a change of control, the Company shall redeem the principal, accrued interest and other fees, and remaining interest payments calculated until the end of the term, discounted by 5%.

Parent has pledged its shares in Albireo AB and has granted a debenture (incorporating fixed and floating charges) over its assets by way of security for the obligations it owes under the Loan Facility.

The Loan Facility is guaranteed by Elobix AB and Albireo AB as principal obligors who have severally agreed to indemnify and keep indemnified Kreos UK in full and on demand from and against all and any losses, costs, claims, liabilities, damages, demands and expenses suffered or incurred by the Kreos UK arising out of, or in connection with, any failure of the Company to perform or discharge any of its obligations or liabilities.

In addition, Elobix AB and Albireo AB have agreed to pledge the following:

 

    Albireo AB shares in Elobix AB

 

    Albireo AB bank accounts

 

    Albireo AB A4250 patents

 

F-67


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

    Elobix elobixibat patents

 

    Elobix bank accounts

Although the bank accounts of Albireo AB and Elobix AB were pledged, Albireo AB and Elobix AB are not restricted from using the cash for working capital requirements.

Subsequently, on February 4, 2016, the Company pledged its present and future rights to fees, royalties and other payments due and payable any time under its license agreement with EA Pharma to Kreos UK in support of the Loan Facility. See Note 13 for further discussion.

In connection with the Loan Facility, the Company issued to Kreos Capital detachable warrants with a right to acquire shares at 720,000 Euro which have been fair valued as of June 30, 2016 at $423,000 (€381,000) (the Warrants) to purchase certain shares of the Company’s stock under specific circumstances as follows:

Pre-IPO at Kreos Capital’s election:

 

    Series B Convertible Preference shares at €1.00 ($1.22) per share;

 

    Series C Convertible Preference shares at €1.74 ($2.12) per share, or any lower price subsequently paid for this class of share by an investor, or

 

    Any new class of share issued on a financing round greater than €5.0 million ($6.1 million) at the lowest price per share paid by an investor.

Post-IPO:

 

    Ordinary shares at the listing price per share.

Because the amount of shares will be variable upon the exercise of the Warrants, the Company determined that the Warrants are a liability under ASC 480 and are required to be measured at fair value. The fair value of the Warrants liability is required to be re-measured at each reporting period end with changes in fair value recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. The maximum number of underlying preference shares, which could be obtained through exercise and in turn converted into ordinary shares, was 720,000 shares as of both June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015. The maximum number of underlying preference shares may change if there is an issuance of new shares and the Board approves an adjustment.

Transaction costs were allocated based on the amounts of the Loan Facility and the fair value of the Warrants. Transaction costs allocated to the Loan Facility were $378,000 and transaction costs allocated to the Warrants were $70,000. The portion of the transaction costs allocated to the fair value of the Warrants was immediately expensed because the fair value of the Warrants is accounted for at fair value through the Company’s statements of comprehensive loss. For the portion of transaction costs that are allocated to the Loan Facility, the transaction costs are deducted from the carrying amount of the Loan Facility and along with the fair value of the Warrants, which represent a discount to the Loan Facility, are then accreted to the Condensed Statement of Comprehensive Loss over the term using effective interest rate method. The effective interest rate was 27.1% per annum. The discount is being amortized over the loan term of 36 months. Interest expense included $239,000 and $178,000 of discount amortization for the three months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively, and $472,000 and $344,000 of discount amortization for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

 

F-68


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

On February 4, 2016, the Company entered a Deed of Variation related to its Loan Facility. Under the terms of the Deed of Variation, the timing of principal payments was changed during the term of the Loan Facility and an additional end of loan payment of €512,000 ($569,000 based on the Euro to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016), was added, although the total principal due under the Loan Facility remained unchanged. In addition, there were no changes to the maturity date or the stated interest rate.

The Company accounted for the amendment to the Loan Facility prospectively in accordance with ASC 470-50, Modifications and Extinguishments , as there were no concessions granted to the Company by the holders of the Loan Facility and the difference in cash flows between the original and amended loans did not change by more than 10% per holder. As a result of the modification, the transaction costs incurred in connection with the amendment were expensed when incurred and the effective interest rate calculation was updated, resulting in an effective interest rate of 39.3%.

The following is a list of annual principal maturities of the Long-term debt as of June 30, 2016 (in thousands):

 

     Amount
(unaudited)
 

Year 1

     $2,797   

Year 2

     1,688   

Year 3

       

Year 4

     1,396   

Year 5

     3,501   
  

 

 

 

Total cash payments

             $9,382   
  

 

 

 

13.  Derivatives

The following disclosures summarize the fair value of derivative instruments not designated as hedging instruments in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and the effects of changes in fair value related to those derivative instruments on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands):

 

          June 30, 2016
(unaudited)
     December 31,
2015
 

Derivative Instruments Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

  

Balance Sheet Location

      

Derivative liabilities

   Noncurrent liabilities      $2,224         $2,047   

Warrants liability

   Current liabilities      423         1,163   

 

          Six Months Ended
June 30, (unaudited)
 

Effect of Derivative Instruments Not

Designated as Hedging Instruments

  

Location of Gains (Losses) Recognized        

           2016                 2015          

Derivative liabilities

   Non-operating income (expense)      $(145     $(142)   

Warrants liability

   Non-operating income (expense)      765        (208)   

The derivative liabilities related to the conversion feature embedded in the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans have been separately recognized at their fair value. The Company determined that embedded features met the definition of a derivative and was required to be recorded at fair value at issuance and will be re-measured each reporting period thereafter.

 

F-69


ALBIREO

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

 

14.  Subsequent events

On July 13, 2016, Biodel, Parent and security holders of Parent amended and restated the share exchange agreement entered into on May 24, 2016. The amended share exchange agreement eliminates registration requirements applicable to the shares of Biodel’s common stock issuable in the Transaction, provides for Biodel to instead file a standalone proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and allocates certain expenses related to the Transaction. All other material terms and conditions of the original share exchange agreement remain unchanged in the amended share exchange agreement.

 

F-70

Exhibit 99.3

UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Introduction

Biodel Inc. (Biodel), Albireo Limited (Albireo) and security holders of Albireo entered into a definitive share exchange agreement on May 24, 2016, and the share exchange agreement was amended and restated on July 13, 2016. Under the terms of the share exchange agreement, Albireo’s shareholders have agreed to exchange their shares for a number of newly issued shares of Biodel common stock determined based on an exchange ratio (the Transaction). The exchange ratio is defined in the share exchange agreement as 0.06999 shares of Biodel common stock for each ordinary share of Albireo, subject to potential adjustment based on the actual “net cash” balances of Biodel and Albireo (taking into account certain obligations and transaction costs) as of the date that is 10 days prior to Biodel’s 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the Determination Date). Based on an assumed exchange ratio of 0.06999, holders of Biodel securities are expected to own approximately one-third, and holders of Albireo securities are expected to own approximately two-thirds, of the combined organization (defined below). The actual respective ownership percentages may change based on whether the conditions are met to adjust the exchange ratio. The Transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary closing conditions.

In addition to the above, in connection with the Transaction, the following will also occur:

 

    a syndicate of Albireo’s existing investors have committed to subscribe for $10 million in Series C Convertible Preference Shares prior to the closing of the Transaction;

 

    the outstanding Albireo warrants issued to Kreos Capital IV (Expert Fund) Limited (Kreos Capital), an affiliate of Albireo’s lender, will be replaced with warrants to purchase shares of Biodel common stock; and

 

    Biodel will consummate a reverse stock split of its common stock in a ratio of 30:1.

The Transaction will be accounted for as a reverse acquisition under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. For accounting purposes, Albireo is considered to be the accounting acquirer due to the following:

 

    Albireo’s former equity owners will collectively own a majority voting interest in Biodel and will therefore control Biodel and Albireo and its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries (collectively, the combined organization); and

 

    Albireo will appoint a majority of the board of directors of Biodel, which will be renamed Albireo Pharma, Inc.

Because Albireo is considered the accounting acquirer, Albireo will allocate the total purchase consideration to the fair value of Biodel’s assets and liabilities as of the assumed acquisition date, with any excess purchase consideration being recorded as goodwill.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet is presented as of June 30, 2016, giving effect to the Transaction as if it occurred on June 30, 2016. The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2015 and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 gives effect to the Transaction as if it occurred on January 1, 2015, the beginning of the earliest period presented.

This Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements have been derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the following:

 

    The historical audited financial statements of Biodel as of and for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015 included in Biodel’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on December 22, 2015;

 

F-1


    The historical unaudited financial statements of Biodel as of and for the three months ended December 31, 2015 included in Biodel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on February 16, 2016;

 

    The historical unaudited financial statements of Biodel as of and for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2016 included in Biodel’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 2016;

 

    The historical audited financial statements of Albireo as of and for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015 included in this proxy statement; and

 

    The historical unaudited financial statements of Albireo as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2016 included in this proxy statement.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations is based upon the year end of Albireo, as the accounting acquirer, using its audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2015. Biodel’s historical financial information included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016 was derived from Biodel’s unaudited financial statements for the nine months ended June 30, 2016, adjusted by backing out Biodel’s unaudited financial statements for the three months ended December 31, 2015. Biodel’s historical financial information included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015 was derived from Biodel’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2015, recasted to include Biodel’s unaudited financial statements for the three months ended December 31, 2015 and to back out Biodel’s unaudited financial statements for the three months ended December 31, 2014.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements were prepared, without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The unaudited pro forma adjustments reflecting the acquisition have been prepared in accordance with the business combination accounting guidance and reflect the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the acquired assets and liabilities based upon the preliminary estimate of fair values, using the assumptions set forth in the notes to the unaudited pro forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements. The detailed adjustments and underlying assumptions used to prepare the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements are contained in the notes hereto and should be reviewed in their entirety.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not necessarily indicative of what the operating results or financial position of the combined organization would have been had the Transaction occurred on the respective dates indicated above, nor are they indicative of the future results or financial position of the combined organization. In connection with the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements, the total purchase consideration was allocated based on the best estimates of fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The allocation is dependent upon certain valuation and other analyses that are not yet final. Accordingly, the pro forma acquisition price adjustments are preliminary and subject to further adjustments as additional information become available and as additional analyses are performed. There can be no assurances that the final valuations will not result in material changes to the preliminary estimated purchase price allocation.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements also does not give effect to the potential impact of current financial conditions, regulatory matters, any anticipated synergies, operating efficiencies or cost savings that may result from the Transaction or any integration costs. Furthermore, the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations do not include certain nonrecurring charges resulting directly from the acquisition as described in the accompanying notes.

As contemplated by the share exchange agreement, the holders of currently exercisable warrants to purchase ordinary A shares of Albireo will be offered, effective as of the closing of the Transaction, a replacement stock option, subject to vesting, exercisable for Biodel common stock or another equity-based award

 

F-2


based on shares of Biodel common stock. Based on an assumed exchange ratio of 0.06999, which is subject to adjustment in accordance with the share exchange agreement, an aggregate of 1,581,785 exercisable warrants are expected to be replaced with stock options to purchase an aggregate of 110,709 shares of Biodel common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share. The vesting terms of the replacement stock options have not yet been finalized and therefore the fair value of these awards and resulting stock compensation expense cannot yet be determined and is not reflected in the tables below. Based on the same assumed exchange ratio, stock options exercisable for an aggregate of 3,524,329 ordinary A shares of Albireo will be replaced with stock options to purchase an aggregate of 246,668 shares of Biodel common stock at an exercise price of $1.00 per share, with the vesting terms of the replacement stock options continuing from the original awards (four years from the grant date of the original awards). Stock compensation expense will be recorded based on the Black-Scholes value of the replacement stock options over the vesting period and is reflected in the tables below.

 

F-3


Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet

As of June 30, 2016

(in thousands)

 

     Historical     Pro Forma Adjustments      Pro Forma  
     Albireo     Biodel     Capital
Structure
     Preliminary
Purchase
Accounting
     Other      Combined  

ASSETS

                     

Current assets:

                     

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 6,250      $ 31,024      $ 10,000        B       $ (1,611     H       $ (2,560     L       $ 42,214   
         (7     D         (882     J           

Restricted cash

            21                                      21   

Trade receivables

     24                                             24   

Prepaid expenses and other assets

     48        283                                      331   

Other receivables

     332                                             332   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total current assets

     6,654        31,328        9,993           (2,493        (2,560        42,922   

Equipment, net

     29                                             29   

Goodwill

                             718        I                   718   

Intellectual property, net

            34                  116        K                   150   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 6,683      $ 31,362      $ 9,993         $ (1,659      $ (2,560      $ 43,819   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE PREFERENCE SHARES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ DEFICIT

                     

Current liabilities:

                     

Trade payables

   $ 1,114      $ 467      $         $         $         $ 1,581   

Accrued expenses

     4,691                                   2,303        N         6,994   

Clinical trial expenses

            1                            (1          

Payroll and related

            344                            (344     N           

Accounting and legal fees

            441                            (441     N           

Restructuring

            1,394                            (1,394     N           

Other

            123                            (123     N           

Advances from customers

     37                                             37   

Long-term debt, current portion

     2,783                                             2,783   

Warrants liability

     423               134        M                             557   

Income taxes payable

                                                   

Other liabilities

     40                                             40   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

     9,088        2,770        134                               11,992   

Long-term debt

     4,522               (3,046     A                             1,476   

Share-based compensation liability

     55               (55     E                               

Common stock warrant liability

            7        (7     D                               

Restructuring and other long-term liabilities

            625                            (625     N           

Restructuring liability

                                       625        N         625   

Derivative liabilities

     2,224               (2,224     A                               
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     15,889        3,402        (5,198                            14,093   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Convertible preference shares

     520               (520     C                               

Stockholders’ equity (deficit):

                     

Albireo ordinary and ordinary A shares

     56               (56     C                               

Biodel common stock

            641        4        A         (641     G                   63   
         7        B         21        F           
         31        C                

Additional paid-in capital

     68        287,793        545        C         26,280        F                   42,686   
         9,993        B         (287,793     G           
         5,266        A                
         55        E                
         253        E                
         226        E                

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     845                                             845   

Accumulated deficit

     (10,695     (260,474     (134     M         260,474        G         (2,560     L         (13,868
         (253     E                
         (226     E                
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     (9,726     27,960        15,711           (1,659        (2,560        29,726   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total liabilities, convertible preference shares and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

   $ 6,683      $ 31,362      $ 9,993         $ (1,659      $ (2,560      $ 43,819   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements.

 

F-4


Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations

For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2016

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

     Historical      Pro Forma Adjustments      Pro Forma  
         Albireo              Biodel                Capital
Structure
         Preliminary    
Purchase
Accounting
     Other      Combined  

Revenue

     $8,097         $—                   $—                   $—           $—           $8,097   

Operating expenses:

                         

Research and development

     4,310         2,155        O                                       6,465   

General and administrative

     4,334         7,025        O         248        R         (2)        S              11,605   

Other income, net

     135                                                 135   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     8,779         9,180           248           (2)                     18,205   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Operating loss

     (682)         (9,180)           (248)           2                     (10,108)   

Interest income

             232                               (232)        S           

Interest income (expense)

     (1,038)                   281        P                   232        S         (525)   

Adjustments to fair value of common stock warrant liability

             (4)                                         (4)   

Loss on fixed asset

                                                       

Non-operating income (expense)

     620                   145        Q                             765   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

     (1,100)         (8,952)           178           2                     (9,872)   

Income (benefit) tax

             11                  U                U                U         11   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net loss

         $(1,100)               $(8,963)                   $178                   $2                       $(9,883)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

      

 

 

 

Net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares, basic and diluted

     $(0.28)         $(0.14)                          $(1.57)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

                     

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares, basic and diluted

     3,959         64,148                       U         6,289   
  

 

 

    

 

 

                     

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements.

 

F-5


Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations (Continued)

For the Year Ended December 31, 2015

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

    Historical     Pro Forma Adjustments     Pro Forma  
        Albireo         Biodel     Capital
    Structure    
        Preliminary    
Purchase
    Accounting    
    Other         Combined      

Revenue

    $5,099        $—        $—          $—          $—          $5,099   

Operating expenses:

                 

Research and development

    5,634        11,552                 (3)        AA                 17,183   

General and administrative

    4,462        6,201        605        Z                          11,268   

Other (income) expense, net

    (271)                                 2        BB        (269)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

    9,825        17,753        605          (3)          2          28,182   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Operating loss

    (4,726)        (17,753)        (605)          3          (2)          (23,083)   

Interest income

           60                          (60)        BB          

Interest income (expense)

    (1,722)               247        W                 60        BB        (1,415)   

Adjustments to fair value of common stock warrant liability

           465        (465)        Y                            

Loss on fixed asset

           (2)                          2        BB          

Non-operating income (expense)

    (320)               172        X                          (148)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Loss before income taxes

    (6,768)        (17,230)        (651)          3                   (24,646)   

Income tax

           35               CC               CC                 35   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Net loss

        $(6,768)              $(17,265)                $(651)                  $3                  $—            $(24,681)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

     

 

 

 

Net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares, basic and diluted

    $(1.78)        $(0.34)                    $(3.92)   
 

 

 

   

 

 

               

 

 

 

Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share attributable to holders of ordinary shares and holders of ordinary A shares, basic and diluted

    3,794        51,137                  DD        6,289   
 

 

 

   

 

 

               

 

 

 

See accompanying notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements.

 

F-6


1.  Basis of presentation

The Transaction will be accounted for as a reverse acquisition using the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations. The excess fair values of the consideration transferred over assets acquired and liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill.

The historical financial information has been adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are (i) directly attributable to the Transaction, (ii) factually supportable, and (iii) with respect to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations, expected to have a continuing impact on the combined results. The pro forma adjustments are preliminary and based on estimates of the fair value and useful lives of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and have been prepared to illustrate the effect of the Transaction.

Under the acquisition method, acquisition-related transaction costs such as advisory, legal, valuation and other professional fees are not included as consideration transferred but are accounted for as expenses in the periods in which the costs are incurred. These costs are not presented or reflected as pro forma adjustments in the Unaudited Pro Forma Combined Consolidated Statements of Operations because they will not have a continuing impact on the combined results.

Description of transaction

Biodel, Albireo and security holders of Albireo entered into a definitive share exchange agreement on May 24, 2016, and the share exchange agreement was amended and restated on July 13, 2016. Under the terms of the share exchange agreement, Albireo’s shareholders have agreed to exchange their shares for a number of newly issued shares of Biodel common stock determined based on an exchange ratio (the Transaction). The exchange ratio is defined in the share exchange agreement as 0.06999 shares of Biodel common stock for each ordinary share of Albireo, subject to adjustment if, as of the date that is 10 days prior to Biodel’s 2016 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the Determination Date), either or both of (a) Biodel’s net cash, calculated as provided in the share exchange agreement, is greater than $22,000,000 or less than $21,000,000 and (b) Albireo’s net cash, calculated as provided in the share exchange agreement is at least $500,000 greater or less than Albireo forecasted net cash. Based on an assumed exchange ratio of 0.06999, holders of Biodel securities are expected to own approximately one-third and holders of Albireo securities are expected to own approximately two-thirds of the combined organization. The actual respective ownership percentages may change based on whether the conditions are met to adjust the exchange ratio. The Transaction is subject to the approval of the stockholders of Biodel and other customary closing conditions.

In addition to the above, in connection with the Transaction, the following will also occur:

 

    a syndicate of Albireo’s existing investors have committed to subscribe for $10 million in Series C Convertible Preference Shares prior to the closing of the Transaction;

 

    the outstanding Albireo warrants issued to Kreos Capital will be replaced with warrants to purchase shares of Biodel common stock; and

 

    Biodel will consummate a reverse stock split of its common stock in a ratio of 30:1.

The Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial statements assume the exchange ratio will be 0.06999. For illustrative purposes only, as the exchange ratio may be adjusted, assuming Albireo’s net cash as of the Determination Date equals its forecasted net cash, if Biodel’s net cash is $23 million as of the Determination Date, the ownership percentage held by Biodel stockholders would increase by approximately 1%. Alternatively, if Biodel’s net cash as of the Determination Date is $20 million, the ownership percentage held by Biodel stockholders would decrease by approximately 1%.

The exercise price of the replacement warrants to Kreos Capital is to be determined by dividing $0.824 per warrant, which is the price at which the 2015 Convertible Loans will be converted into Series C Convertible

 

F-7


Preference Shares, by the exchange ratio. Based on an assumed exchange ratio of 0.06999, the exercise price would be $11.77. The replacement warrants would be exercisable for a term of five years. If during the term of the replacement warrants the combined organization issues new shares of capital stock, other than specified exceptions, at a per share price less than the then-current exercise price of the replacement warrants, the number of shares for which the replacement warrants would be exercisable would increase based on a formula.

Purchase consideration

The purchase consideration in a reverse acquisition is determined with reference to the fair value of equity interests retained by the current owners of the legal acquirer, Biodel. As the reverse acquisition has not been consummated, the fair value of Biodel’s common stock was determined based on the closing price of Biodel’s common stock on NASDAQ on August 1, 2016.

 

     Amount  
     (in thousands,
except per share
data)
 

Number of Biodel shares outstanding at June 30, 2016

     64,148   

Reverse stock split factor

     30   
  

 

 

 

Estimated Biodel shares outstanding at closing

     2,138   

Closing price of Biodel common stock on August 1, 2016

     $0.41   

Reverse stock split factor

     30   
  

 

 

 
Closing price of Biodel common stock on August 1, 2016 (adjusted for reverse stock split)      $12.30   
  

 

 

 

Estimated fair value of share consideration to be transferred 1

               $26,301   

 

  (1) The estimated consideration of the Transaction reflected in these Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements does not represent the actual consideration. In accordance with ASC 805, the fair value of equity securities issued as part of the consideration paid will be measured on the closing date of the combination at the then-current market price. This requirement will likely result in a per share equity component different from the amount assumed in these Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements and that difference may be material. An increase or decrease in the price per share of Biodel’s common stock assumed in these Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements by $0.01 can increase or decrease the estimated purchase price by approximately $0.6 million, which would be reflected in these Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Statements as an increase or decrease in gain on transaction.

Preliminary purchase consideration allocation

The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the estimated purchase consideration to the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of Biodel, with the difference recorded as goodwill:

 

     Amount  
     (in thousands)  

Cash and cash equivalents

     $28,523   

Restricted cash

     21   

Prepaid and other assets

     283   

In-process research and development

     150   

Trade payable

     (467)   

Accrued expenses

     (2,302)   

Restructuring liabilities, noncurrent

     (625)   
  

 

 

 

Net assets acquired

     25,583   

Estimate of consideration expected to be transferred

     26,301   
  

 

 

 

Estimated goodwill to be recognized

                 $718   
  

 

 

 

 

F-8


  2. Pro forma adjustments

The pro forma adjustments reflected in the Unaudited Condensed Combined Financial Statements represent estimated values and amounts based on available information.

Pro forma adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Balance Sheet as of June 30, 2016:

Capital Structure Adjustments

 

  A. Adjustment reflects the conversion of outstanding principal balances of convertible loan notes issued by Albireo in December 2014 (2014 Convertible Loans) and October and December 2015 (2015 Convertible Loans) to certain of its shareholders and their affiliates and members of management, including some considered to be related parties, into Series C Convertible Preference shares and subsequently into ordinary shares of Albireo immediately prior to the closing of the Transaction. The 2014 Convertible Loans will be converted into Series C Convertible Preference shares at an agreed-upon price of €0.7491 per share as provided in the share exchange agreement. The 2015 Convertible Loans will be converted into Series C Convertible Preference shares at an agreed-upon price of $0.824 per share as provided in the share exchange agreement. The conversion of the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans will be treated as capital transactions with related parties.

 

     (in thousands, except
per share data)
 

Conversion of 2014 Convertible Loans €1,251 at a price of €0.7491 per share

     1,670   

Conversion of 2015 Convertible Loans $3,501 at a price of $0.824 per share

     4,249   
  

 

 

 

Number of Albireo convertible preference shares received upon conversion

     5,919   

Share exchange ratio

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of Biodel shares at Transaction

     414   
  

 

 

 

Common stock upon share exchange 1

     $4   

Additional paid in capital upon share exchange 1

     5,266   
  

 

 

 

Carrying value of the 2014 and 2015 Convertible Loans prior to conversion 1

     $5,270   

 

  (1) Common stock value was determined by taking the 414 Biodel shares to be received in the Transaction multiplied by the Biodel common stock par value per share of $0.01. The difference between the fair value of the 414 Biodel shares to be received in the Transaction at the post-reverse stock split Biodel common stock price per share of $12.30 and the carrying value of the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans on the Albireo books as of June 30, 2016 of $174 ($5,096 minus $5,270) has been recorded to Additional paid in capital as the Transaction is treated as a capital transaction.

 

F-9


  B. Adjustment reflects the issuance of 9,708,740 Albireo Series C Convertible Preference shares committed to by a syndicate of Albireo’s existing investors for cash proceeds of $10.0 million, prior to the closing of the Transaction.

 

     (in thousands, except
per share data)
 

Number of Albireo Series C Convertible Preference Shares received upon purchase

     9,709   

Share exchange ratio

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of Biodel shares at Transaction

     679   
  

 

 

 

Common stock upon share exchange 1

     $7   

Additional paid in capital upon share exchange 1

     9,993   
  

 

 

 

Share Exchange value of the Series C Convertible Preference Shares

   $ 10,000   

 

  (1) Common stock value was determined by taking the of the 679 Biodel shares to be received in the Transaction multiplied by the Biodel common stock par value per share of $0.01. Additional paid in capital represents the difference between the $10 million investment and the par value, as this is considered a capital transaction.

 

  C. Adjustment reflects the conversion of Albireo Convertible Preference shares and Ordinary and Ordinary A shares.

 

     (in thousands)  

Albireo convertible preference shares at June 30, 2016

     $520   

Albireo ordinary and ordinary A shares at June 30, 2016

     56   
  

 

 

 

Albireo ordinary, ordinary A and convertible preference shares upon conversion at par

     $576   
  

 

 

 

Number of convertible preference shares to be exchanged

     39,354   

Number of ordinary and ordinary A shares to be exchanged

     4,322   
  

 

 

 

Convertible preference shares and ordinary and ordinary A shares to be exchanged

     43,676   

Pro forma exchange ratio

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Biodel shares received upon exchange

     3,057   
  

 

 

 

Adjustment:

  

Common stock

     $31   

Additional paid in capital

     545   
  

 

 

 

Equity value upon conversion

     $576   
  

 

 

 

 

  D. Adjustment reflects the cash settlement of Biodel’s warrants for cash as a result of the existing change of control provisions.

 

  E . Adjustments reflect the expected changes to the existing Albireo stock options as a result of the Transaction that are nonrecurring in nature, to include (i) the expected reclassification of $55,000 for the stock options (which were originally denominated in Euro) from a liability to equity upon the replacement of the options, as contemplated in the share exchange agreement, with options expected to be denominated in the USD, (ii) the incremental expense of $253,000 for stock options that are expected to be vested at the time of the Transaction, and (iii) the stock compensation expense of $226,000 for the stock options for which vesting is contingent upon the Transaction. These transactions have not been reflected in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Income Statement as there is no continuing impact expected.

 

F-10


Preliminary Purchase Price Accounting Adjustments

 

  F. Adjustment reflects the Common Stock and additional paid-in capital of Biodel post reverse stock split. The adjustment is based on the 30:1 reverse stock split utilizing the closing price per share of Biodel’s common stock on NASDAQ on August 1, 2016.

 

     (in thousands)  

Biodel outstanding shares of common stock

     64,148   

Reverse stock split ratio

     30   
  

 

 

 

Biodel outstanding shares of common stock post reverse stock split

     2,138   

Estimated price per share of Biodel common stock post reverse split

     $12.30   
  

 

 

 

Estimated fair value of consideration transferred

     $26,301   
  

 

 

 

Common Stock ($0.01 par value)

     $21   

Additional paid in capital

     26,280   
  

 

 

 

Increase in equity

     $26,301   
  

 

 

 

 

  G. Adjustment made to eliminate Biodel’s historical stockholders’ equity.

 

     (in thousands)  

Common Stock

     $(641)   

Additional paid in capital

     (287,793)   

Accumulated deficit

     260,474   
  

 

 

 

Total Adjustments to Stockholders’ equity

     $(27,960)   
  

 

 

 

 

  H. Adjustment reflects $1.6 million of transaction costs expected to be incurred by Biodel as a result of the Transaction not previously recorded in its historical financial statements, with no expected tax benefit. As there is no continuing impact of the combination-related costs, the impact of these costs has not been included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations.

 

  I. Adjustment made to reflect the preliminary excess of consideration transferred over assets acquired less the liabilities assumed which has been recorded as goodwill (as of June 30, 2016), which has been determined using Biodel share price, post reverse stock split, as of August 1, 2016.

 

  J. Adjustment reflects $0.9 million of Biodel employee bonuses contingent upon a transaction occurring in 2016 not previously recorded in its historical financial statements, with no expected tax benefit. As there is no continuing impact of the combination-related costs, the impact of these costs has not been included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations.

Adjustments

 

  K. Adjustment made to reflect the intangible assets at fair value of $150,000 from a market participant’s view in conjunction with the preliminary purchase accounting in addition to the write-off of the carrying value of the pre-existing patents, resulting in a net adjustment of $116,000.

Other Adjustments

 

  L. Adjustment made to accrue the estimated transaction costs to be incurred by Albireo related to the Transaction in the amount of $2.6 million not previously recorded in its historical financial statements, with no expected tax benefit. As there is no continuing impact of the combination-related costs, the impact of these costs has not been included in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statements of Operations.

 

F-11


  M. Adjustment made to reflect the fair value of the warrants at the time of their replacement. A summary of the calculation is as follows:

 

    Amount  
    (in thousands)  

Kreos Capital warrants available at June 30, 2016 (using the Euro to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016)

    $800   

Exchange price expected at closing 1

    $0.82   
 

 

 

 

Estimated number of Kreos Capital warrants replaced, based on estimated share price at closing

    971   

Exchange ratio in the Transaction

    .06999   
 

 

 

 

Number of Kreos Capital warrants estimated to be replaced

    68   

Estimated fair value for each Kreos Capital warrant 2

    $8.20   
 

 

 

 

Fair value of total Kreos Capital warrants to be replaced

    $558   

Amount recognized for Kreos Capital Warrants at June 30, 2016

    423   
 

 

 

 

Estimated loss recognized to earnings upon replacement

    $135   
 

 

 

 

 

  (1) The conversion price has been defined in the share exchange agreement and assumes a 20% discount to the price per share paid by the investors of $1.03 (€0.94), or $0.82 (€0.75), as detailed in the original terms of the convertible loan instruments.

 

  (2) The fair value of $8.20 for the Kreos Capital warrants expected to be replaced was determined using a binomial model. The future common stock price is simulated to the estimated timing for the first financing after issuance of the warrants based on the estimated cash and cash equivalents of the combined organization upon closing of the Transaction and program plans. For the remaining term of the warrants, subsequent payout amounts are estimated using a Black-Scholes model. Those estimated payouts are then discounted through the binomial model. No dividend is expected to occur.

 

  N. Adjustments reflect reclassifications between financial statement line items to conform the Albireo financial statement presentation.

Pro forma adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the proposed combination with Biodel for the six months ended June 30, 2016:

 

  O. Restructuring costs in the amount of $3.0 million were incurred as part of prior activities initiated by Biodel and included in its Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016. These restructuring costs related to severance and other employee benefits and were nonrecurring. These restructuring costs were not directly attributable to the Transaction. No adjustment has been made in the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations for the six months ended June 30, 2016.

Capital Structure Adjustments

 

  P. Adjustment to eliminate the interest expense and the accretion of the discount incurred on the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans for the six months ended June 30, 2016 and to reflect the conversion and exchange of shares of Albireo to be received in respect of the 2014 Convertible Loans and the 2015 Convertible Loans for shares of Biodel common stock, as though the Transaction closed on January 1, 2015.

 

  Q.

Adjustment eliminates the fair value adjustments recognized on Albireo’s derivative liabilities for the six months ended June 30, 2016, related to the conversion features of the 2014 Convertible Loans and

 

F-12


  2015 Convertible Loans, assuming the conversion and exchange of Albireo shares received upon conversion of the 2014 Convertible Loans and the 2015 Convertible Loans into shares of Biodel common stock, as though the Transaction closed on January 1, 2015.

 

  R. Adjustment reflects an estimated increase in stock compensation expense for the six-month period as a result of the replacement of Albireo stock options, as contemplated by the share exchange agreement, with stock options to purchase an aggregate of 246,668 shares of Biodel common stock based on the agreed upon exchange ratio of 0.06999, assuming the replacement occurred on January 1. The total stock compensation expense is expected to be approximately $303,000 for the six-month period, which required an adjustment of $248,000 to the original amount of $55,000 recognized. The fair value of the replacement options has been estimated using the Black-Scholes model. The adjustment does not include those items expected to be nonrecurring in nature.

Purchase Price Accounting Adjustments

 

  S. Adjustment represents the elimination of amortization expense recognized by Biodel on its pre-existing patents. The fair value of the intangible recognized in purchase accounting represents an in-process research and development asset, which has an indefinite life until completion of the associated research and development efforts or its abandonment. No amortization expense is recorded until such time.

Other Adjustments

 

  T. Adjustments reflect reclassifications between financial statement line items to conform to the Albireo financial presentation.

 

  U. Tax benefit or expense is not expected for these pro forma adjustments.

 

  V. The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except for share data):

 

     Pro Forma (unaudited)  
     Six Months
Ended
June 30,
2016
     Twelve Months
Ended
December 31,
2015
 

Net loss

     $(9,883)         $(24,681)   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Weighted average number of combined organization shares in issue 1

                 6,289                     6,289   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

(1) The estimated number of shares expected to be outstanding upon closing of the Transaction is as follows:

 

     Amount  
     (in thousands,
except per
share data)
 

Number of Albireo shares outstanding as of June 30, 2016

     4,322   

Number of Albireo shares issued upon conversion of convertible preference shares 2

     54,982   
  

 

 

 

Albireo shares as of June 30, 2016 expected to be outstanding upon closing

             59,304   

Exchange ratio

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of shares of Biodel common stock expected to be issued to Albireo shareholders

     4,151   
  

 

 

 

Number of shares of Biodel common stock outstanding as of June 30, 2016

     64,148   

Reverse stock split

     30   
  

 

 

 

Number of shares of Biodel common stock outstanding expected upon closing

     2,138   
  

 

 

 

Number of combined organization shares expected to be outstanding upon closing

     6,289   
  

 

 

 

 

F-13


The pro forma diluted net loss per share excludes the ordinary equivalent shares because they would be anti-dilutive. The ordinary equivalent shares expected after the Transaction include stock options and warrants. The total number of anti-dilutive ordinary equivalent shares is estimated to be 451 shares based on activity through June 30, 2016. While these ordinary equivalent shares are currently anti-dilutive, they could be dilutive in the future.

The estimated number of outstanding share equivalents has been calculated as follows:

 

     Amount  
     (in thousands
except price
per share)
 

Kreos warrant value at June 30, 2016 (using the Euro to USD exchange rate at June 30, 2016)

     $800   

Exchange price expected at closing 3

     $0.82   
  

 

 

 

Estimated number of Albireo warrants outstanding, based on estimated share price at closing 2

     971   

Exchange ratio in the Transaction

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of Kreos warrants estimated upon closing

     68   

2016 Warrants outstanding at June 30, 2016

     1,582   

Exercise price

     $0.07   
  

 

 

 

Assumed proceeds

     $105   

Exchange price expected at closing 3

     $0.82   
  

 

 

 

Shares repurchased

     127   
  

 

 

 

Remaining 2016 warrants outstanding

     1,455   

Exchange ratio in the Transaction

     .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of 2016 Albireo warrants estimated upon closing

     102   

2016 Albireo options outstanding at June 30, 2016

     3,524   

Exercise price

     $0.07   
  

 

 

 

Assumed proceeds

     $235   

Exchange price expected at closing 3

     $0.82   
  

 

 

 

Shares repurchased

     285   
  

 

 

 

Remaining 2016 options outstanding

     3,239   

Exchange ratio in the Transaction

             .06999   
  

 

 

 

Number of 2016 Albireo options estimated upon closing

     227   

Number of Biodel options outstanding at June 30, 2016

     4,151   

Number of Biodel options vested and exercisable at June 30, 2016

     (2,523)   
  

 

 

 

Estimated number of unvested Biodel options at the time of reverse stock split

     1,628   

Reverse stock split factor

     30   
  

 

 

 

Number of Biodel options estimated upon closing

     54   
  

 

 

 

Total combined warrants and options excluded from pro forma diluted loss per share

     451   

 

F-14


(2) A summary of the number of Albireo preference shares converted into Albireo ordinary shares upon closing is as follows:

 

     Amount  
     (in thousands)  

Number of Series A Convertible Preference shares - voting

     1,504   

Number of Series A Convertible Preference shares - nonvoting

     3,175   

Number of Series B Convertible Preference shares - voting

     34,675   

Number of Series C Convertible Preference issued upon conversion of 2014 Convertible Loan at a price of €0.75 per share 3

     1,670   

Number of Series C Convertible Preference issued upon conversion of 2015 Convertible Loan at a price of $0.82 per share 3

     4,249   

Number of Series C Convertible Preference issued upon receipt of cash proceeds in the amount of $10.0 million at a price of $1.03 per share

             9,709   
  

 

 

 

Conversion of Albireo preferred shares into ordinary shares

     54,982   
  

 

 

 

 

  (3) The conversion price has been defined in the share exchange agreement and assumes a 20% discount to the price per share paid by the investors of $1.03 (€0.94), or $0.82 (€0.75), as detailed in the original terms of the convertible loan instruments.

Pro forma adjustments to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Statement of Operations, relating to the proposed combination with Biodel, for the year ended December 31, 2015:

Capital Structure Adjustments

 

  W. Adjustment eliminates the interest expense incurred on 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, to reflect the conversion and exchange of shares of Albireo to be received in respect of the 2014 Convertible Loans and the 2015 Convertible Loans for shares of Biodel common stock, as though the Transaction closed on January 1, 2015.

 

  X. Adjustment eliminates the fair value adjustments recognized on Albireo’s derivative liabilities for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, related to the conversion features of the 2014 Convertible Loans and 2015 Convertible Loans, to reflect the conversion and exchange of shares of Albireo to be received in respect of the 2014 Convertible Loans and the 2015 Convertible Loans for shares of Biodel common stock, as though the Transaction closed on January 1, 2015.

 

  Y. Adjustment eliminates the fair value adjustment in the amount of $0.5 million recognized on the Biodel warrants for the twelve months ended December 31, 2015, which will be settled in cash as a result of the change of control provisions of the existing agreements. This adjustment reflects the Transaction as though it closed on January 1, 2015.

 

  Z. Adjustment reflects an estimated increase in stock compensation expense for the 12-month period as a result of the replacement of Albireo stock options, as contemplated by the share exchange agreement, with stock options to purchase an aggregate of 246,668 shares of Biodel common stock based on the agreed upon exchange ratio of 0.06999, assuming the replacement occurred on January 1. The total stock compensation expense is expected to be approximately $605,000 for the 12-month period. The fair value of the replacement options has been estimated using the Black-Scholes model. The adjustment does not include those items expected to be nonrecurring in nature.

Purchase Price Accounting Adjustments

 

  AA. Adjustment represents the elimination of amortization expense recognized by Biodel on its pre-existing patents. The fair value of the intangible recognized in purchase accounting represents an in-process research and development asset, which has an indefinite life until completion of the associated research and development efforts or its abandonment. No amortization expense is recorded until such time.

 

F-15


Other Adjustments

 

  BB. Adjustments reflect reclassifications between financial statement line items to conform the financial presentation.

 

  CC. Tax benefit or expense is not expected for these pro forma adjustments.

 

  DD . The estimated number of outstanding shares expected to be outstanding after the closing of the Transaction is the same as the six months ended June 30, 2016, noted in Item T for that period.

 

F-16