As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 10, 2016
Securities Act of 1933 File No. 333-173967
Investment Company Act of 1940 File No. 811-22555
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 ☒
Pre-Effective Amendment No. ☐
Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 ☒
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 ☒
Amendment No. 72 ☒
(Check Appropriate Box or Boxes)
FLEXSHARES TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
50 South LaSalle Street
Chicago, Illinois 60603
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
800-595-9111
(Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code)
Name and Address of Agent for Service: | with a copy to: | |||
Diana E. McCarthy, Esq. | Peter K. Ewing | |||
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP | Craig R. Carberry, Esq. | |||
One Logan Square, Ste. 2000 | Northern Trust Investments, Inc. | |||
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-6996 | 50 South LaSalle Street | |||
Chicago, Illinois 60603 |
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box)
☐ | immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) |
☒ | on November 14, 2016 pursuant to paragraph (b) |
☐ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
☐ | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) |
☐ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) |
☐ | on (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. |
If appropriate, check the following box:
☐ | this post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
FlexShares ® Trust Prospectus
Fund | Ticker | Stock Exchange | ||
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund | BNDC | NYSE Arca |
Prospectus dated November 14, 2016.
An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), any other government agency, or The Northern Trust Company, or its affiliates, subsidiaries or any other bank. An investment in the Fund involves investment risks, including possible loss of principal.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
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Additional Information About the Funds Investments and Risks |
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Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities
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Back Cover | ||||
Annual/Semi-Annual Reports and Statement of Additional
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Back Cover |
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks total return and preservation of capital.
Fees and Expenses of the Fund
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the Fund. Under the Funds Investment Advisory Agreement, the Fund is responsible for the following expenses: interest expenses, brokerage commissions and other trading expenses, fees and expenses of the independent trustees and their independent legal counsel, taxes and other extraordinary costs such as litigation and other expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of business. You will also incur usual and customary brokerage commissions when buying or selling shares of the Fund in the secondary market, which are not reflected in the example that follows:
(1) |
Other expenses are estimated for the current fiscal year as the Fund has not commenced operations as of the date of this Prospectus. |
(2) |
Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses reflect the Funds pro rata share of the fees and expenses incurred by investing in other investment companies. The impact of Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses will be included in the total returns of the Fund. Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are not used to calculate the Funds net asset value per share (NAV). Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses are estimated. |
(3) |
Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (NTI or Investment Adviser) has contractually agreed to reimburse the fees and expenses of the Trusts independent trustees and their independent legal counsel until November 14, 2017. NTI has also contractually agreed to waive Management Fees or reimburse certain expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (a) any Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, if any, incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in Acquired Funds managed by NTI or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or under common control with NTI (Affiliated Funds); and (b) 0.05% or such lesser amount in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in Acquired Funds that are not Affiliated Funds, until November 14, 2017. The Trusts Board of Trustees may terminate the contractual arrangements at |
any time if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders. |
Example
The following Example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The Example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The Example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the Funds operating expenses remain the same (taking into account the expense reimbursement arrangement for one year). Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
1 Year | $ | 36 | ||
3 Years | $ | 156 |
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or turns over its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the Example, affect the Funds performance. Portfolio turnover may vary from year to year, as well as within a year. As of the date of this Prospectus, the Fund had not commenced operations.
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in U.S. dollar-denominated investment-grade fixed-income securities either directly or indirectly through exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and other registered investment companies (together with ETFs, Underlying Funds). The Fund primarily invests in fixed-rate securities of varying maturities, including bonds, debt securities and other similar instruments issued by U.S. public and U.S and non-U.S. private sector entities. Such issuers include, without limitation, U.S. governments and their agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises, and U.S. and non-U.S. private-sector entities, such as corporations and banks. The Fund may invest in fixed income securities of any maturity.
The Fund seeks to provide attractive risk-adjusted performance by investing in a portfolio of fixed-income securities that is designed to achieve optimal potential for total return after taking into account various sources of investment risk. The Fund adjusts its allocations to securities based on NTIs
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FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (cont.)
assessment of potential changes in interest rate levels, the shape of the yield curve and credit spread relationships. The Fund also seeks to balance the potential for return and risk while emphasizing liquidity and diversification across a spectrum of U.S. dollar-denominated investment-grade fixed income securities.
The Fund may invest, without limitation, in mortgage- or asset-backed securities, including to-be-announced (TBA) transactions, and purchase and sell securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis. The Fund also may, without limitation, seek to obtain market exposure to the securities in which it primarily invests by entering into a series of purchase and sale contracts (such as buy backs or mortgage dollar rolls).
When necessary to manage the Funds exposure to interest-rate risks, the Fund may take short or long positions in U.S. Treasury futures or transact in interest rate swaps. The Funds short positions in U.S. Treasury futures are not intended to mitigate credit spread risk or other factors influencing the price of non-government bonds, which may have a greater impact than interest rates. The Fund may also invest in other interest rate futures contracts, including, but not limited to, Eurodollar and Federal Funds futures.
The Fund may invest in short-term paper, cash and cash equivalents, including shares of affiliated and unaffiliated money market funds, in order to achieve its investment objective.
The Fund may make the foregoing investments either directly or indirectly by investing in Underlying Funds, such as indexed or actively managed ETFs or other registered investment companies that invest in such securities. The Underlying Funds in which the Fund may invest include funds managed by NTI or its affiliates.
The Fund is an actively managed ETF that does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. The Fund may have a higher degree of portfolio turnover than funds that seek to replicate the performance of an index.
The Fund may lend securities representing up to one-third of the value of the Funds total assets (including the value of the collateral received).
Principal Risks
As with any investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the Fund, and the Funds performance could trail that of other investments. The Fund is subject to the principal risks noted below, any of which may adversely affect the Funds net asset value (NAV), trading price, yield, total return and ability to meet its investment objective. Because
the Fund may significantly invest in Underlying Funds, the risks described below are also applicable to the Underlying Funds.
Asset Class Risk is the risk that securities in the Funds portfolio may underperform in comparison to the general securities markets or other asset classes.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk is the risk that the Fund may be adversely affected because it has a limited number of institutions that act as Authorized Participants (as defined in the Creations and Redemptions section of this Prospectus). Only an Authorized Participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. To the extent that these institutions exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create or redeem Creation Units (as defined below), Fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Call Risk is the risk that during periods of falling interest rates, an issuer of a callable bond held by the Fund may call or repay the security before its stated maturity, and the Fund may have to reinvest the proceeds in securities with greater risks or other less favorable features or in securities with lower yields, which would result in a decline in the Funds income.
Concentration Risk is the risk that the Fund may be susceptible to an increased risk of loss, including losses due to adverse events that affect the Funds investments more than the market as a whole, to the extent that the Funds investments are concentrated in the securities of a particular issuer or issuers, country, group of countries, region, market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class.
Counterparty Risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument may default on its payment or other obligation to the Fund. Such a default may cause the value of an investment in the Fund to decrease.
Credit (or Default) Risk is the risk that the inability or unwillingness of an issuer or guarantor of a fixed-income security, or a counterparty to a TBA, repurchase or other transaction, to meet its payment or other financial obligations will adversely affect the value of the Funds investments and its returns. Changes in the credit rating of a debt security held by the Fund could have a similar effect.
Debt Extension Risk is the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) later than expected. This may happen during a period of rising interest rates.
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FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (cont.)
Under these circumstances, the value of the obligation will decrease and the Fund will suffer from the inability to invest in higher yielding securities.
Derivatives Risk is the risk of investing in derivative instruments, such as futures contracts, options on futures contracts, and interest rate swaps. These risks include liquidity, interest rate, market, credit, counterparty and management risks, as well as the risk of mispricing or improper valuation. Changes in the value of a derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index, and the Fund could lose more than the principal amount invested.
Financial Sector Risk is the risk that the Fund will be impacted by events affecting the U.S. and non-U.S. financial sectors if it invests a relatively large percentage of its assets in those sectors, adversely affecting the Funds performance. The U.S. and non-U.S. financial sectors can be significantly affected by changes in interest rates, government regulation, the rate of corporate and consumer debt defaulted, price competition, the availability and cost of capital funds and fallout from the housing and sub-prime mortgage crisis. In 2008 and 2009, the U.S. financial sector was significantly impacted by bankruptcies and consolidations of major financial firms. Events affecting the U.S. and non-U.S. financial sectors have had, and may continue to have, a significant negative impact on the valuations and stock prices of companies in this sector and have increased the volatility of investments in those sectors.
Hedging Risk is the risk that the Funds short positions in U.S. Treasury futures and transactions in interest rate swaps will not completely eliminate interest rate risk of long positions in bonds. The Fund seeks to mitigate the potential impact of interest rates on the performance of bonds by entering into short positions in U.S. Treasury futures or transact in interest rate swaps. The Funds short positions in U.S. Treasury futures and interest rate swaps are not intended to mitigate credit spread risk or other factors influencing the price of bonds, which may have a greater impact than interest rates. In addition, when interest rates fall, longonly bond investments will perform better than the Funds investments. In certain falling interest rate environments, the Funds hedging strategy could result in disproportionately larger losses in the short U.S. Treasury futures and interest rate swaps positions as compared to gains in the long bond positions attributable to interest rate changes. There is no guarantee the Fund will have positive returns, even in environments of sharply rising Treasury interest rates in which the Funds short positions might be expected to mitigate the effects of such rises. The Fund will incur expenses when entering into short positions.
Income Risk is the risk that the Funds income may decline when interest rates fall. This decline can occur because the Fund must invest in lower-yielding bonds as bonds in its portfolio mature, bonds in an Underlying Funds underlying index are substituted or the Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional bonds.
Inflation Risk is the risk that as inflation increases the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as the value of money decreases.
Interest Rate/Maturity Risk is the risk that the value of the Funds fixed-income assets will decline because of rising interest rates. The magnitude of this decline will often be greater for longer-term fixed-income securities than shorter-term fixed-income securities. Duration is a measure used to determine the sensitivity of a securitys price to changes in interest rates. The longer a securitys duration, the more sensitive it will be to changes in interest rates. The Fund currently faces a heightened level of interest rate risk because interest rates are at historically low levels.
Issuer Risk is the risk that changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular type of security or issuer, and changes in general economic or political conditions can affect a securitys or instruments credit quality or value.
Liquidity Risk is the risk that certain portfolio securities may be less liquid or may become less liquid than others, which may make them difficult or impossible to sell at the time and the price that the Fund would like, adversely affecting the value of the Funds investments and its returns. Illiquid investments may be harder to value, especially in changing markets, and if the Fund is forced to sell these investments to meet redemption requests or for other cash needs, the Fund may suffer a loss. The market for certain investments may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer. Additionally, in adverse market conditions, the Funds market price may begin to reflect illiquidity or pricing uncertainty of the Funds portfolio securities. This could lead to the Funds shares trading at a price that is higher or lower than the Funds NAV. At times, such differences may be significant.
Management Risk is the risk that a strategy used by NTI may fail to produce the intended results.
Market Risk is the risk that the Fund could lose money over short periods due to short-term market movements and over longer periods during market downturns.
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FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (cont.)
Market Trading Risk is the risk that the Fund faces because its shares are listed on a securities exchange, including the potential lack of an active market for Fund shares, losses from trading in secondary markets, periods of high volatility and disruption in the creation/redemption process of the Fund. ANY OF THESE FACTORS MAY LEAD TO THE FUNDS SHARES TRADING AT A PREMIUM OR DISCOUNT TO NAV.
Disruptions to creations and redemptions or the existence of significant market volatility may result in trading prices that differ significantly from the Funds NAV. If a shareholder purchases at a time when the market price of the Fund is at a premium to its NAV or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV, the shareholder may sustain losses.
Model Risk is the risk that the allocation model utilized in the Funds securities selection process will not result in improved issuer creditworthiness, maximize returns or minimize risk, or be appropriate for every investor seeking a particular risk profile.
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Risks are the risks of investing in mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities, including Credit (or Default) Risk, Interest Rate/Maturity Risk, Debt Extension Risk and Prepayment (or Call) Risk. Because of these risks, mortgage-backed securities react differently to changes in interest rates than other bonds. Small movements in interest rates (both increases and decreases) may quickly and significantly reduce the value of certain mortgage-backed securities.
New Fund Risk is the risk that the Fund faces because it is a new fund. As a new fund, there can be no assurance that it will grow to or maintain an economically viable size, in which case the Board of Trustees of the Trust may determine to liquidate the Fund. The Funds Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in the shares.
Non-U.S. Issuer Risk is the risk the Fund faces because it may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated bonds of non-U.S. entities, such as corporations and banks. The Funds investments in bonds of non-U.S. issuers may involve certain risks that are greater than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These include the risks of adverse economic, political, diplomatic, financial and regulatory conditions that may affect non-U.S. issuers.
Prepayment (or Call) Risk is the risk that prepayment of the underlying mortgages or other collateral of some fixed-income securities may result in a decreased rate of return and a decline in value of those securities.
Privately-Issued Securities Risk is the risk of investing in unregistered securities. The Fund may invest in privately-issued securities, including those that are normally purchased pursuant to Rule 144A or Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act). Privately-issued securities are securities that have not been registered under the 1933 Act and as a result are subject to legal restrictions on resale. Privately-issued securities are not traded on established markets and may be illiquid, difficult to value and subject to wide fluctuations in value. Delay or difficulty in selling such securities may result in a loss to the Fund.
Sampling Risk is the risk that the index-based ETFs in which the Fund invests may utilize a representative sampling approach to track their respective underlying indices. ETFs that utilize a representative sampling approach are subject to an increased risk of tracking error because the securities selected for the ETF in the aggregate may vary from the investment profile of the underlying index. Additionally, if using a representative sampling approach, an ETF will typically hold a smaller number of securities than the underlying index, and as a result, an adverse development to an issuer of securities that the ETF holds could result in a greater decline in NAV than would be the case if the ETF held all of the securities in the underlying index.
Securities Lending Risk is the risk that the Fund may lose money because the borrower of the loaned securities fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. The Fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of collateral provided for loaned securities or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for the Fund.
Tracking Risk is the risk that the index-based ETFs and other investment companies in which the Fund invests may not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track because the total return generated by the securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities. In addition, index-based ETFs and other investment companies in which the Fund invests may incur expenses not incurred by their applicable indices. Certain securities comprising the indices may, from time to time, temporarily be unavailable, which may further impede an ETFs or other investment companys ability to track its applicable index or match its performance.
Underlying Fund Risk is the risk that the Funds investment performance and its ability to achieve its investment objective may be directly related to the performance of the Underlying Funds in which it invests. There can be no
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FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (cont.)
assurance that the Underlying Funds will achieve their respective investment objectives. The Fund is subject to the risks of the Underlying Funds in direct proportion to the allocation of its assets among the Underlying Funds. By investing in the Underlying Funds indirectly through the Fund, you will incur not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Underlying Fund held by the Fund (including operating costs and investment management fees), but also expenses of the Fund.
U.S. Government Securities Risk is the risk that the U.S. government will not provide financial support to its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law. Many U.S. government securities that may be purchased by the Fund are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. It is possible that the issuers of such securities will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future.
U.S. Issuer Risk is the risk of significant exposure to United States issuers. Certain changes in the U.S. economy, such as when the U.S. economy weakens or when its financial markets decline, may have an adverse effect on the securities to which the Fund has exposure.
Valuation Risk is the risk that the sale price the Fund could receive for a portfolio security may differ from the Funds valuation of the security, particularly for securities that trade in low volume or volatile markets or which are valued using a fair value methodology. In addition, the value of the securities in the Funds portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Funds shares.
It is possible to lose money on an investment in the Fund. An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, any other government agency, or The Northern Trust Company, its affiliates, subsidiaries or any other bank.
Fund Performance
Because the Fund has less than one full calendar year of performance, no performance information has been included.
Management
Investment Adviser and Portfolio Managers. Northern Trust Investments, Inc., a subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation, serves as the Investment Adviser of the Fund. Bradley Camden, Senior Vice President of Northern Trust Investments, Inc., Brandon P. Ferguson, Second Vice President of Northern Trust Investments, Inc. and Daniel J. Personette, Vice President of Northern Trust Investments, Inc., have each been managers of the Fund since its inception in 2016.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (commonly referred to as an ETF). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares that have been aggregated into blocks of 25,000 shares or multiples thereof (Creation Units) to authorized participants who have entered into agreements with the Funds distributor. The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of assets that the Fund specifies each day.
Tax Information
The Funds distributions are generally taxable to you as ordinary income, capital gains, or a combination of the two, unless you are investing through a tax-exempt or tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Distributions may be taxable upon withdrawal from tax-deferred accounts.
Payments to Brokers-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), NTI and its related companies may pay the intermediary for activities related to the marketing and promotion of the Fund. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediarys website for more information.
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This Prospectus describes one Fund currently offered by the FlexShares Trust (the Trust) and provides information you need to make an informed decision about investing in the Fund. Please read this Prospectus carefully before you make any investment decisions. Additional information regarding the Fund is available at www.flexshares.com.
NTI is the investment adviser to the Fund. Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on NYSE Arca, Inc. The market price for a share of the Fund may be different from the Funds most recent NAV per share.
The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. Unlike shares of mutual funds, which can be bought and redeemed from the issuing fund by all shareholders at a price based on NAV, shares of the Fund may be purchased or redeemed directly from the Fund at NAV solely by authorized participants. Also unlike shares of mutual funds, shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange and trade in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the day.
The Fund is designed to be used as part of broader asset allocation strategies. Accordingly, an investment in the Fund should not constitute a complete investment program.
Investors should be aware that the investments made by the Fund and the results achieved by the Fund at any given time are not expected to be the same as those made by other funds for which NTI acts as investment adviser.
The Funds investment objective may be changed without shareholder approval. Shareholders will, however, receive 60 days prior notice of any material change to the Funds investment objective. Any such change may result in the Fund having an investment objective different from the objective that the shareholder considered appropriate at the time of investment in the Fund. On each business day, before commencement of trading on NYSE Arca, the Fund will disclose on www.flexshares.com the identities and quantities of the Funds portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Funds calculation of NAV at the end of the business day.
Additional Information About the Funds Investments and Risks
All investments carry some degree of risk that will affect the value of the Funds investments, its investment performance and the price of its shares. As a result, loss of money is a risk of investing in the Fund. This section provides additional information about some of the principal investments and related risks of the Fund described under the Fund Summary above. These risks are designated with (P). It also describes characteristics and risks of additional securities and investment techniques that may be used by the Fund from time to time. Most of the securities and investment techniques described herein are discretionary, which means the Investment Adviser can decide whether to use them or not. This Prospectus does not attempt to disclose all of the various types of securities and investment techniques that may be used by the Fund. As with any fund, investors in the Fund rely on the professional investment judgment and skill of the Investment Adviser and the individual portfolio managers. Please see the Statement of Additional Information for more information about the securities and investment techniques described in this section and about other strategies and techniques that may be used by the Fund.
Investing in Underlying Funds . (P) The Funds investments may be significantly concentrated in the Underlying Funds, and, as a result, the Funds investment performance may be directly related to the investment performance of the Underlying Funds held by it. The ability of the Fund to meet its investment objective may be directly related to the ability of the Underlying Funds to meet their objectives as well as the allocation among those Underlying Funds. The value of the Underlying Funds investments, and the NAVs of the shares of both the Fund and the Underlying Funds, will fluctuate in response to various market and economic factors related to the equity and fixed income markets, as well as the financial condition and prospects of issuers in which the Underlying Funds invest. There can be no assurance that the investment objectives of the Underlying Funds will be achieved.
Market Value Risk . The market value of an ETFs shares may differ from its NAV. This difference in price may be due to the fact that the supply and demand in the market for ETF
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
shares at any point in time is not always identical to the supply and demand in the market for the underlying basket of securities. Accordingly, there may be times when an ETF trades at a premium (creating the risk that the Fund pays more than NAV for an ETF when making a purchase) or discount (creating the risks that the Funds NAV is reduced for undervalued ETFs it holds, and that the Fund receives less than NAV when selling an ETF).
Tracking Risk . Index-based ETFs and other investment companies in which the Fund invests may not be able to replicate exactly the performance of the indices they track because the total return generated by the securities will be reduced by transaction costs incurred in adjusting the actual balance of the securities. In addition, index-based ETFs and other investment companies in which the Fund invests may incur expenses not incurred by their applicable indices. Certain securities comprising the indices may, from time to time, temporarily be unavailable, which may further impede an ETFs or other investment companys ability to track its applicable index or match its performance.
Sampling Risk . The index-based ETFs in which the Fund invests may utilize a representative sampling approach to track their respective underlying indices. ETFs that utilize a representative sampling approach are subject to an increased risk of tracking error because the securities selected for the ETF in the aggregate may vary from the investment profile of the underlying index. Additionally, if using a representative sampling approach, an ETF will typically hold a smaller number of securities than the underlying index, and as a result, an adverse development to an issuer of securities that the ETF holds could result in a greater decline in NAV than would be the case if the ETF held all of the securities in the underlying index.
Investment Limitation . Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act restricts investments by investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of an Underlying Fund. However, under certain circumstances and subject to certain terms and conditions, the Fund may invest in Underlying Funds beyond the limits set forth in Section 12(d)(1). For example, the Fund may enter into an agreement with an Underlying Fund pursuant to which the Fund may invest in the Underlying Fund beyond the
Section 12(d)(1) limits subject to the terms and conditions of the Underlying Funds exemptive order. The Fund may enter into such agreements with certain Underlying Funds or rely on SEC Rules to invest in Underlying Funds beyond the limits of 12(d)(1). Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not acquire shares of an unaffiliated ETF or other investment company if, immediately after such acquisition, the Fund and its affiliated persons would hold more than 3% of the ETFs or investment companys total outstanding shares unless (i) the ETF or the Fund has received an order for exemptive relief from the 3% limitation from the Securities and Exchange Commission that is applicable to the Fund; and (ii) the ETF and the Fund take appropriate steps to comply with any conditions in such order. Accordingly, the 3% limitation may prevent the Fund from allocating its investments in the manner the Investment Adviser considers optimal, or cause the Adviser to select an investment other than that which the Investment Adviser considers optimal. This limit will not apply to the investment of uninvested cash balances in shares of registered or unregistered money market funds whether affiliated or unaffiliated. The foregoing exemption, however, only applies to an unregistered money market fund that (i) limits its investments to those in which a money market fund may invest under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and (ii) undertakes to comply with all the other provisions of Rule 2a-7.
Expenses. To the extent the Fund invests in Underlying Funds, your cost of investing in the Fund will generally be higher than the cost of investing directly in Underlying Funds, because you will indirectly bear fees and expenses charged by the Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests in addition to the Funds direct fees and expenses. Furthermore, Fund investments in Underlying Funds could affect the timing, amount, and character of the Funds distributions and therefore may increase the amount of your tax liability.
Investments of Underlying Funds . Because the Fund invests in the Underlying Funds, the Funds shareholders will be affected by the investment policies of the Underlying Funds in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund allocates to those Underlying Funds. The Fund may invest in various Underlying Funds that seek to track certain fixed
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
income indices. Investments in index funds will subject the Fund to tracking risk, which is the risk that the index funds performance will not track the performance of its respective index. The Fund also may invest in Underlying Funds that in turn invest in foreign issuers and thus are subject to additional risks, including country risk. Foreign investments of the Underlying Funds may include securities of issuers located in emerging countries in Asia, Latin America, Eastern Europe and Africa. The Funds investment in Underlying Funds that invest in fixed-income securities will be subject to, among other things, credit (or default) risk and interest rate/maturity risk. Credit (or default) risk is the risk that an issuer or guarantor of a security or a counterparty to a transaction may default on its payment obligations or experience a decline in credit quality. Interest rate/maturity risk is the risk that increases in prevailing interest rates will cause fixed-income securities held by the Fund to decline in value. The magnitude of this decline will often be greater for longer term fixed-income securities than shorter-term fixed-income securities. The Underlying Funds will also be subject to prepayment (or call) risk (the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund earlier than expected) and debt extension risk (the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund later than expected). The Fund may invest in Underlying Funds that invest in asset-backed and structured investment securities, which may involve a greater chance of default during periods of economic downturn than other securities, and may be less liquid and more difficult to value and liquidate.
The Fund may also invest in actively management Underlying Funds, which do not seek to replicate an index. There is no assurance that actively managed Underlying Funds will achieve their investment objectives.
The risks of the Underlying Funds investments and the Fund to the extent the Fund invested in those investments directly are discussed in more detail below.
Asset Class Risk. (P) The returns from the types of securities in which the Fund invests may underperform returns from the various general securities markets or different asset classes. The securities in the Fund may underperform other fixed-income investments and stock market investments.
Different types of securities tend to go through cycles of outperformance and underperformance in comparison to the general securities markets.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk. (P) Only an Authorized Participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that act as Authorized Participants. To the extent that these institutions exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create or redeem Creation Units, Fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Bank Capital Securities and Trust Preferred Securities. There are two common types of bank capital: Tier I and Tier II. Bank capital is generally, but not always, of investment grade quality. Tier I securities often take the form of trust preferred securities. Tier II securities are commonly thought of as hybrids of debt and preferred stock, are often perpetual (with no maturity date), callable and, under certain conditions, allow for the issuer bank to withhold payment of interest until a later date.
Trust preferred securities have the characteristics of both subordinated debt and preferred stock. The primary advantage of the structure of trust preferred securities is that they are treated by the financial institution as debt securities for tax purposes and as equity for the calculation of capital requirements. Trust preferred securities typically bear a market rate coupon comparable to interest rates available on debt of a similarly rated issuer. Typical characteristics include long-term maturities, early redemption by the issuer, periodic fixed or variable interest payments, and maturities at face value. The market value of trust preferred securities may be more volatile than those of conventional debt securities. There can be no assurance as to the liquidity of trust preferred securities and the ability of holders, such as the Fund, to sell their holdings.
Borrowings and Reverse Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may borrow money and enter into reverse repurchase agreements in amounts not exceeding one-fourth of the value of its total assets (including the amount borrowed).
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements in amounts not exceeding 20% of the Funds total assets. The Fund may enter into reverse repurchase agreements when the Investment Adviser expects that the interest income to be earned from the investment of the transaction proceeds will be greater than the related interest expense. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by the Fund subject to the Funds agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price (including interest).
Borrowings and reverse repurchase agreements involve leveraging. If the securities held by the Fund decline in value while these transactions are outstanding, the NAV of the Funds outstanding shares will decline in value by proportionately more than the decline in value of the securities. In addition, reverse repurchase agreements involve the risks that (a) the interest income earned by the Fund (from the investment of the proceeds) will be less than the interest expense of the transaction; (b) the market value of the securities sold by the Fund will decline below the price the Fund is obligated to pay to repurchase the securities; and (c) the securities may not be returned to the Fund.
Cash Redemption Risk. The Fund may pay out its redemption proceeds in cash rather than through the in-kind delivery of portfolio securities. The Fund may be required to unwind contracts or sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital gain that it might not have incurred if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a result the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gains distributions than if the in-kind redemption process was used. Only certain institutional investors known as Authorized Participants who have entered into an agreement with the Funds distributor may redeem shares from the Fund directly; all other investors buy and sell shares at market prices on an exchange.
Corporate Debt Securities. Corporate debt securities are subject to the risk of the issuers inability to meet principal and interest payments on the obligation and may also be subject to price volatility due to such factors as interest rate sensitivity, market perception of the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity. When interest rates rise,
the value of corporate debt securities can be expected to decline. Debt securities with longer maturities tend to be more sensitive to interest rate movements than those with shorter maturities.
Credit (or Default) Risk. (P) An issuer or guarantor of debt instruments or the counterparty to a derivatives contract, TBA agreement or repurchase agreement may be unable or unwilling to make its timely interest and/or principal payments or to otherwise honor its obligations. Debt instruments are subject to varying degrees of credit risk, which may be reflected in their credit ratings. There is a chance that a Funds portfolio holding will have its credit ratings downgraded or will default (i.e., fail to make scheduled interest or principal payments), which may reduce the Funds income level, impair the Funds liquidity, and cause significant deterioration in NAV.
Although the Fund invests in investment grade debt, there is no assurance that the securities or companies issuing such debt that have historically exhibited fundamentals consistent with investment grade ratings will continue to exhibit such fundamentals.
Custodial Receipts. To the extent consistent with its investment objectives and strategies, the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in custodial receipts. Custodial receipts are participations in trusts that hold U.S. government, bank, corporate or other obligations. They entitle the holder to future interest payments or principal payments or both on securities held by the custodian. Custodial receipts may be subject to greater price volatility than ordinary debt obligations because of the way in which their principal and interest are returned to investors.
Cyber Security Risk. With the increased use of the Internet and because information technology (IT) systems and digital data underlie most of the Funds operations, the Fund and the Investment Adviser, the administrator, the transfer agent, the distributor, Authorized Participants, the Funds other service providers and vendors (collectively Service Providers) are exposed to the risk that their operations and data may be compromised as a result of internal and external cyber-failures, breaches or attacks (Cyber Risk). This could occur as a result of malicious or criminal
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks include actions taken to: (i) steal or corrupt data maintained online or digitally, (ii) gain unauthorized access to or release confidential information, (iii) shut down the Fund or Service Provider website through denial-of-service attacks or (iv) otherwise disrupt normal business operations. However, events arising from human error, faulty or inadequately implemented policies and procedures or other systems failures unrelated to any external cyber-threat may have effects similar to those caused by deliberate cyber-attacks.
Successful cyber-attacks or other cyber-failures or events affecting the Fund or its Service Providers may adversely impact the Fund or its shareholders or cause an investment in the Fund to lose value. For instance, they may impact the Funds ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of confidential Fund information, impede trading, or cause reputational damage. They could also subject the Fund or its Service Providers to regulatory fines, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. Insurance protection and contractual indemnification provisions may not be available or may be insufficient to cover these losses. The Fund or its Service Providers may also incur significant costs to manage and control Cyber Risk.
Cyber Risks are also present for issuers of securities or other instruments in which the Fund invests, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Funds investment in such issuers to lose value.
While the Investment Adviser, Service Providers or Authorized Participants may have established business continuity plans and risk management systems to prevent such cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that cyber attacks may be highly sophisticated. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
Derivatives Risk. (P) A derivative is a financial instrument whose value is derived from, or based upon, the performance of underlying assets, interest rates, or other indices and may be leveraged. Derivatives include options, total rate of return swaps, interest rate swaps, and futures contracts and
options on futures contracts. The Fund may use these instruments to help it achieve its investment objective and to the extent consistent with its investment strategies.
An investment in derivatives can be more sensitive to changes in interest rates and sudden fluctuations in market prices than conventional securities. Investments in derivative instruments, which may be leveraged, may result in losses exceeding the amounts invested. The Funds losses may be greater if it invests in derivatives than if it invests only in conventional securities. Engaging in derivative transactions involves special risks, including that:
(a) | the Funds derivatives position will lose value; |
(b) | the counterparty to the transaction will default; |
(c) | the value of the derivative instrument will decline more than the value of the assets on which it is based; |
(d) | the Fund will be unable to sell its position because of lack of market depth or disruption; |
(e) | the value of a derivative instrument will be difficult to determine; and |
(f) | loss will occur as a result of inadequate systems or human error. |
Many types of derivatives have been developed recently and have not been tested over complete market cycles. For these reasons, the Fund may suffer a loss whether or not the analysis of the Investment Adviser is accurate.
In order to secure its obligations in connection with derivative contracts, the Fund will either own the underlying assets, enter into offsetting transactions or set aside cash or readily marketable securities. This requirement may cause the Fund to miss favorable trading opportunities, due to a lack of sufficient cash or readily marketable securities. This requirement may also cause the Fund to realize losses on offsetting or terminated derivative contracts or special transactions.
As part of its principal investment strategy, when necessary to manage the Funds exposure to interest-rate risks, the Fund may take short or long positions in U.S. Treasury futures or transact in interest rate swaps. The Fund may also invest in other interest rate futures contracts, including, but not limited to, Eurodollar and Federal Funds futures.
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
Futures contracts and options on futures contracts . The Fund may invest in U.S. futures contracts to help it achieve its investment objective. An interest rate futures contract is an exchange-traded contract for which the reference instrument is an interest-bearing, fixed-income security or an inter-bank deposit. Two examples of common interest rate futures contracts are U.S. Treasury futures contracts and Eurodollar futures contracts. The reference instrument for a U.S. Treasury futures contract is a U.S. Treasury security. The reference instrument for a Eurodollar futures contract is the London Interbank Offered Rate (commonly referred to as LIBOR); Eurodollar futures contracts enable the purchaser to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds over a stated period of time and the seller to obtain a fixed rate for a borrowing of funds over that same period. The Fund may also purchase and sell call and put options on futures contracts. These futures contracts and options will be used to facilitate trading or to reduce transaction costs. The Fund will only enter futures contracts and options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. exchange.
A futures contract is a type of derivative instrument that obligates the holder to buy or sell a specified financial instrument in the future at an agreed upon price. For example, a futures contract may obligate the Fund, at maturity, to take or make delivery of certain domestic or foreign securities, the cash value of a securities index. When the Fund purchases an option on a futures contract, it has the right to assume a position as a purchaser or seller of a futures contract at a specified exercise price during the option period. When the Fund sells an option on a futures contract, it becomes obligated to purchase or sell a futures contract if the option is exercised.
Futures contracts and options present the following risks: imperfect correlation between the change in market value of the Funds securities and the price of futures contracts and options; the possible inability to close a futures contract when desired; losses due to unanticipated market movements which potentially are unlimited; and the possible inability of the Investment Adviser to correctly predict the direction of securities prices, interest rates, and other economic factors. Futures markets are highly volatile and the use of futures may increase the volatility of the Funds NAV.
As a result of the low margin deposits normally required in futures trading, a relatively small price movement in a futures contract may result in substantial losses to the Fund. Futures contracts and options on futures may be illiquid, and exchanges may limit fluctuations in futures contract prices during a single day. Foreign exchanges or boards of trade generally do not offer the same protections as U.S. exchanges.
Swaps. The Fund may invest in swap agreements. To the extent consistent with its investment policies, the Fund may invest in interest rate and total rate of return swap agreements. Swap agreements may be structured in different ways. Swaps allow a fund to invest in a market without owning or taking physical custody of securities in circumstances in which direct investment is restricted for legal reasons or is otherwise impracticable. Total rate of return swaps are contracts that obligate a party to pay or receive interest in exchange for the payment by the other party of the total return generated by a security, a basket of securities, an index or an index component. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments with respect to a notional amount of principal. The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. Like other derivative securities, these instruments can be highly volatile. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market values, the investment performance of the Fund would be less favorable than it would have been if these instruments were not used. Because these instruments normally are illiquid, the Fund may not be able to terminate its obligations when desired. In addition, if the Fund is obligated to pay the return under the terms of a total rate of return swap, Fund losses due to unanticipated market movements potentially are unlimited. the Fund also may suffer a loss if the other party to a transaction defaults.
Options. To the extent consistent with its investment policies, the Fund may buy put options, buy call options and write covered call and secured put options. Such options may relate to particular securities, domestic stock indexes,
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
financial instruments or the yield differential between two securities (yield curve options) and may or may not be listed on a domestic securities exchange or issued by the Options Clearing Corporation. The Fund may cover a call option by owning the security underlying the option or through other means. Put options written by the Fund are secured if the Fund maintains liquid assets in a segregated account in an amount at least equal to the exercise price of the option up until the expiration date.
An option is a type of derivative instrument that gives the holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy (a call) or sell (a put) on an asset in the future at an agreed upon price prior to the expiration date of the option. Options trading is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary Fund securities transactions. The value of options can be highly volatile, and their use can result in loss if the investment management team is incorrect in its expectation of price fluctuations. The Fund will invest and trade in unlisted over-the-counter options only with firms deemed creditworthy by the Investment Adviser. However, unlisted options are not subject to the protections afforded purchasers of listed options by the Options Clearing Corporation, which performs the obligations of its members which fail to perform them in connection with the purchase or sale of options.
Financial Sector Risk. (P) Companies in the financial sector of the economy, including those in the banking industry, are often subject to extensive governmental regulation and intervention, which may adversely affect the scope of their activities, the prices they can charge and the amount of capital they must maintain. Governmental regulation may change frequently and may have significant adverse consequences for companies in the financial sector, including effects not intended by such regulation. The impact of recent or future regulation on any individual financial company, the banking industry or on the sector as a whole cannot be predicted. Certain risks may impact the value of investments in the financial sector more severely than those of investments outside this sector, including the risks associated with companies that operate with substantial financial leverage. Companies in the financial sector may also be adversely
affected by increases in interest rates and loan losses, decreases in the availability of money or asset valuations, credit rating downgrades and adverse conditions in other related markets. Insurance companies, in particular, may be subject to severe price competition and/or rate regulation, which may have an adverse impact on their profitability.
In the recent past, deterioration of the credit markets impacted a broad range of mortgage, asset backed, auction rate, sovereign debt and other markets, including U.S. and non-U.S. credit and interbank money markets, thereby affecting a wide range of financial institutions and markets. A number of large financial institutions have failed, have merged with stronger institutions or have had significant government infusions of capital. Instability in the financial markets has caused certain financial companies to incur large losses. Some financial companies experienced declines in the valuations of their assets, took actions to raise capital (such as the issuance of debt or equity securities), or even ceased operations. Some financial companies borrowed significant amounts of capital from government sources and may face future government imposed restrictions on their businesses or increased government intervention. Those actions caused the securities of many financial companies to decline in value.
The financial sector is particularly sensitive to fluctuations in interest rates.
Fixed Income Securities. The Fund seeks to achieve the investment objective by investing under normal circumstances at least 80% of its total assets in U.S. dollar denominated investment-grade fixed-income securities, including bonds, debt securities and other similar instruments issued by U.S. public and U.S and non-U.S. private sector entities. Fixed income securities, including corporate debt obligations, generally expose the Fund to the following types of risk: (1) interest rate risk (the potential for fluctuations in bond prices due to changing interest rates); (2) income risk (the potential for a decline in the Funds income due to falling market interest rates); (3) credit risk (the possibility that a bond issuer will fail to make timely payments of either interest or principal to the Fund); (4) prepayment risk or call risk (the likelihood that, during periods of falling interest rates, securities with high stated interest rates will be
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
prepaid, or called prior to maturity, requiring the Fund to invest the proceeds at generally lower interest rates); and (5) extension risk (the likelihood that as interest rates increase, slower than expected principal payments may extend the average life of fixed income securities, which will have the effect of locking in a below-market interest rate, increasing the securitys duration and reducing the value of the security).
In periods of declining interest rates, the yield (income from a fixed income security held by the Fund over a stated period of time) of a fixed income security may tend to be higher than prevailing market rates, and in periods of rising interest rates, the yield of a fixed income security may tend to be lower than prevailing market rates. In addition, when interest rates are falling, the inflow of net new money to the Fund will likely be invested in portfolio instruments producing lower yields than the balance of the Funds portfolio, thereby reducing the yield of the Fund. In periods of rising interest rates, the opposite can be true. The NAV of the Fund can generally be expected to change as general levels of interest rates fluctuate. The value of fixed income securities in the Funds portfolio generally varies inversely with changes in interest rates. Prices of fixed income securities with longer effective maturities are more sensitive to interest rate changes than those with shorter effective maturities.
Corporate debt obligations generally offer less current yield than securities of lower quality, but lower-quality securities generally have less liquidity, greater credit and market risk, and as a result, more price volatility.
Conditions in the U.S. and many foreign economies have resulted, and may continue to result, in fixed income instruments experiencing unusual liquidity issues, increased price volatility and, in some cases, credit downgrades and increased likelihood of default. These events have reduced the willingness and ability of some lenders to extend credit, and have made it more difficult for borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms, if at all. As a result, the values of many types of securities have been reduced. In addition, global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibilities that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact issuers in a different country or region. The severity
or duration of adverse economic conditions may also be affected by policy changes made by governments or quasi-governmental organizations. In addition, political events within the U.S. and abroad, such as the U.S. governments recent inability to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, the federal government shutdown and threats to not increase the federal governments debt limit, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. High public debt in the U.S. and other countries creates ongoing systemic and market risks and policymaking uncertainty.
Forward Commitments, When-Issued Securities and Delayed-Delivery Transactions. The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis or purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment (sometimes called delayed-delivery) basis. These transactions involve a commitment by the Fund to purchase or sell securities at a future date. The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions normally are negotiated directly with the other party.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued basis or purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or negotiate a commitment after entering into it. The Fund also may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. The Fund may realize a capital gain or loss in connection with these transactions.
When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis, the Fund will segregate liquid assets having a value (determined daily) at least equal to the amount of the Funds purchase commitments until three days prior to the settlement date, or will otherwise cover its position. These procedures are designed to ensure that the Fund will maintain sufficient
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases, forward commitments and delayed-delivery transactions. For purposes of determining the Funds average dollar-weighted maturity, the maturity of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment securities will be calculated from the commitment date.
Hedging Risk. (P) While hedging can reduce or eliminate losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains. Hedges are sometimes subject to imperfect matching between the derivative and the underlying security, and there can be no assurance that the Funds hedging transactions, which entail additional transaction costs, will be effective.
The Fund seeks to mitigate the potential impact of U.S. Treasury interest rates on the performance of bonds by entering into short positions in U.S. Treasury futures or transact in interest rate swaps. The Funds short positions in U.S. Treasury futures and similar positions through transactions in interest rate swaps are not intended to mitigate credit spread risk or other factors influencing the price of bonds, which may have a greater impact than interest rates. There is no guarantee that the Funds short positions will completely eliminate the interest rate risk of the long positions in bonds. In addition, when interest rates fall, long-only bond investments will perform better than the Funds investments. In certain falling interest rate environments, the Funds hedging strategy could result in disproportionately larger losses in the short U.S. Treasury futures and interest rate swaps positions as compared to gains in the long bond positions attributable to interest rate changes. There is no guarantee the Fund will have positive returns, even in environments of sharply rising Treasury interest rates in which the Funds short positions might be expected to mitigate the effects of such rises. The Fund will incur expenses when entering into short positions. The use of hedging may result in certain adverse tax consequences.
Illiquid Securities. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in securities that are illiquid. Illiquid securities include repurchase agreements and time deposits with notice/termination dates of more than seven days, certain variable amount master demand notes that cannot be called within seven days, certain unlisted securities that are traded in the U.S. but are subject to trading restrictions because they are
not registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act) and both foreign and domestic securities that are not readily marketable.
Because illiquid securities may be difficult to sell at an acceptable price, they may be subject to greater volatility and may result in a loss to the Fund. Securities purchased by the Fund that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, economic conditions and/or investor perception.
Income Risk. (P) The income of the Fund or an Underlying Fund may decline when interest rates fall. This decline can occur because the Fund must invest in lower-yielding bonds as bonds in its portfolio mature, bonds in an Underlying Funds underlying index are substituted, or the Fund or Underlying Fund otherwise needs to purchase additional bonds. An index providers substitution of bonds in an Underlying Funds underlying index may occur, for example, when the time to maturity for the bond no longer matches the underlying indexs stated maturity guidelines.
Inflation Indexed Bonds. Inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds, which are more fully described below) are fixed-income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. If the index measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds (other than municipal inflation indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds) will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of Treasury Inflation Protected Securities (TIPS). For bonds that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
Municipal inflation-indexed securities are municipal bonds that pay coupons based on a fixed rate plus the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI). With regard to municipal inflation-indexed bonds and certain corporate inflation-indexed bonds, the inflation adjustment is
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
reflected in the semi-annual coupon payment. As a result, the principal value of municipal inflation-indexed bonds and such corporate inflation-indexed bonds does not adjust according to the rate of inflation. At the same time, the value of municipal inflation-indexed securities and such corporate inflation-indexed securities generally will not increase if the rate of inflation decreases. Because municipal inflation-indexed securities and corporate inflation-indexed securities are a small component of the municipal bond and corporate bond markets, respectively, they may be less liquid than conventional municipal and corporate bonds.
The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. If nominal interest rates increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates may rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
Inflation Risk. (P) When inflation increases there is a risk that the value of assets or income from investments will be less in the future as the value of money decreases. As inflation increases, the value of the Funds assets can decline as can the value of the Funds distributions. Fixed income securities may be particularly sensitive to rising inflation, as the value of the security or income from the security will be worth less in the future as inflation decreases the value of money.
Interest Rate/Maturity Risk. (P) Generally, when interest rates rise, prices of fixed-income securities fall. However, market factors, such as the demand for particular fixed-income securities, may cause the price of certain fixed-income securities to fall while the prices of other securities rise or remain unchanged. The Funds average duration is not expected to exceed one year. The Funds duration approximates its price sensitivity to changes in interest rates. For example, suppose that interest rates in one day fall by one percent which, in turn, causes yields on every bond in the market to fall by the same amount. In this example, the price of a bond with a duration of three years may be
expected to rise approximately three percent and the price of a bond with a five year duration may be expected to rise approximately five percent. The converse is also true. Suppose interest rates in one day rise by one percent which, in turn, causes yields on every bond in the market to rise by the same amount. In this second example, the price of a bond with a duration of three years may be expected to fall approximately three percent and the price of a bond with a five year duration may be expected to fall approximately five percent. Interest rate changes have a greater effect on the price of fixed-income securities with longer durations. Certain factors, such as the presence of call features, may cause a particular fixed-income security, or the Fund as a whole, to exhibit less sensitivity to changes in interest rates. The maturity of a security, another commonly used measure of price sensitivity, measures only the time until final payment is due, whereas duration takes into account the pattern of all payments of interest and principal on a security over time, including how these payments are affected by prepayments and by changes in interest rates, as well as the time until an interest rate on a security is reset (in the case of variable-rate securities).
The maturities of certain instruments, such as variable and floating rate instruments, are subject to estimation. In addition, in calculating average weighted maturities, the maturity of mortgage and other asset-backed securities will be based on estimates of average life. As a result, the Fund cannot guarantee that these estimates will, in fact, be accurate or that its average maturity will remain within the specified limit.
A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise (e.g., central bank monetary policies, inflation rates, general economic conditions, etc.). This is especially true under current economic conditions because interest rates are at historically low levels. Thus, the Fund currently faces a heightened level of interest rate risk.
Investment Grade Securities. A security is considered investment grade if, at the time of acquisition, it is rated:
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BBB or higher by S&P Global Ratings (S&P); |
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Baa3 or higher by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys); |
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
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BBB or higher by Fitch Ratings (Fitch); or |
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BBB or higher by Dominion Bond Rating Service Limited (Dominion). |
A security will be considered investment grade if it receives one of the above ratings, or a comparable rating from another organization that is recognized as a Nationally Recognized Statistical Ratings Organization (NRSRO), even if it receives a lower rating from other rating organizations. An unrated security also may be considered investment grade if the Investment Adviser determines that the security is comparable in quality to a security that has been rated investment grade.
Generally, the lower the credit rating of a security, issuer, guarantor or counterparty, the higher the degree of risk as to payment of interest and return of capital. Although securities rated BBB by S&P, Dominion or Fitch, or Baa3 by Moodys are considered investment grade, they have certain speculative characteristics. Therefore, they may be subject to a higher risk of default than obligations with higher ratings. Subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, a rated security may cease to be rated or its rating may be reduced below investment grade or a security may no longer be considered to be investment grade. In such case, the Fund is not required to dispose of the security. The Investment Adviser will determine what action, including potential sale, is in the best interest of the Fund.
Issuer Risk. (P) Fund performance depends on the performance of individual securities to which the Fund has exposure. Poor performance of individual securities may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, changes in technology, changes in the financial condition of the issuer of the security, changes in the credit rating of the issuer of a security, disruptions in supply, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. There may be economic or political changes that impact the ability of issuers to repay principal and to make interest payments on securities.
Large Shareholder Risk. To the extent a significant percentage of the shares of the Fund are owned or controlled by a small number of account shareholders (or a single account shareholder), including funds or accounts over which the
Investment Adviser or an affiliate of the Investment Adviser has investment discretion, the Fund is subject to the risk that those shareholders may purchase or redeem Fund shares in significant amounts rapidly or unexpectedly, including as a result of an asset allocation decision made by the Investment Adviser or an affiliate of the Investment Adviser and may adversely affect the Funds performance if the Investment Adviser is forced to sell portfolio securities or invest cash when the Investment Adviser would not otherwise choose to do so. Redemptions of a large number of shares may affect the liquidity of the Funds portfolio, increase the Funds transaction costs, and accelerate the realization of taxable income and/or gains.
Liquidity Risk. (P) To the extent the Fund invests in illiquid securities or securities that become illiquid, such investments may have a negative effect on the returns of the Fund because the Fund may be unable to sell the illiquid securities at an advantageous time or price. Liquid investments may become illiquid after purchase by the Fund, particularly during periods of market turmoil. Illiquid investments may be harder to value, especially in changing markets, and if the Fund is forced to sell these investments to meet redemption requests or for other cash needs, the Fund may suffer a loss.
Additionally, the market for certain investments may become illiquid under adverse market or economic conditions independent of any specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer. In adverse market conditions, the Funds market price may begin to reflect illiquidity or pricing uncertainty of the Funds portfolio securities. This could lead to the Funds shares trading at a price that is higher or lower than the Funds NAV. At times, such differences may be significant.
Loan Participations and Assignments. The Fund may invest in fixed- and floating-rate loans, which investments generally will be in the form of loan participations and assignments of portions of such loans. Participations and assignments involve special types of risk, including credit risk, interest rate risk, liquidity risk, and the risks of being a lender. If the Fund purchases a participation, it may only be able to enforce its rights through the lender, and may assume the credit risk of the lender in addition to the borrower.
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
Management Risk. (P) The Fund is subject to management risk because it does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. The Investment Adviser will make investment decisions for the Fund, but there can be no guarantee that these decisions will produce the intended results. In addition, legislative, regulatory, or tax developments may affect the investment techniques available to the Investment Adviser to manage the Fund and may also adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Market Risk. (P) Market risk is the risk that the value of the securities in which the Fund invests may go up or down in response to the prospects of individual issuers and/or general economic conditions. Securities markets may experience great short-term volatility and may fall sharply at times. Different markets may behave differently from each other and a foreign market may move in the opposite direction from the U.S. market. Price changes may be temporary or last for extended periods. You could lose money over short periods due to fluctuation in the Funds NAV in response to market movements, and over longer periods during market downturns.
Market Trading Risks (P)
ABSENCE OF ACTIVE MARKET
Although the shares of the Fund described in this Prospectus are listed for trading on a listing exchange and may be listed on certain foreign exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for such shares will be maintained.
LACK OF MARKET LIQUIDITY
Secondary market trading in Fund shares may be halted by a listing exchange because of market conditions or for other reasons. In addition, trading in Fund shares is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to circuit breaker rules. There can be no assurance that the requirements necessary to maintain the listing of the shares of the Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.
SHARES OF THE FUND MAY TRADE AT PRICES OTHER THAN NAV
Shares of the Fund may trade at, above or below their most recent NAV. The per share NAV of the Fund is calculated at the end of each business day and fluctuates with changes in
the market value of the Funds holdings since the prior most recent calculation. The trading prices of the Funds shares will fluctuate continuously throughout trading hours based on market supply and demand. The trading prices of the Funds shares may deviate significantly from NAV during periods of market volatility. These factors, among others, may lead to the Funds shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV. However, given that shares can be created and redeemed only in Creation Units at NAV (unlike shares of many closed-end funds, which frequently trade at appreciable discounts from, and sometimes at premiums to, their NAVs), NTI believes that large discounts or premiums to the NAV of the Funds shares should not be sustained over the long term. While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that the Funds shares normally will trade close to the Funds NAV, exchange prices are not expected to correlate exactly with the Funds NAV due to timing reasons as well as market supply and demand factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants, or market participants or during periods of significant volatility, may result in trading prices that differ significantly from NAV. If a shareholder purchases at a time when the market price of the Fund is at a premium to its NAV or sells at time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV, the shareholder may sustain losses.
SECONDARY MARKET TRADING RISK
Shares of the Fund may trade in the secondary market at times when the Fund does not accept orders to purchase or redeem shares. At such times, shares may trade in the secondary market with more significant premiums or discounts than might be experienced at times when the Fund accepts purchase and redemption orders.
Shares of the Fund, similar to shares of other issuers listed on a stock exchange, may be sold short and are therefore subject to the risk of increased volatility associated with short selling.
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk. (P) The Fund may invest without limitation in mortgage- or asset-backed securities, including to-be-announced transactions. However, the Fund will not invest
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
more than 10% of its total assets in non-agency mortgage- or asset-backed securities. Asset-backed securities are sponsored by entities such as government agencies, banks, financial companies and commercial or industrial companies. Asset-backed securities represent participations in, or are secured by and payable from, pools of assets such as mortgages, automobile loans, credit card receivables and other financial assets. In effect, these securities pass through the monthly payments that individual borrowers make on their mortgages or other assets net of any fees paid to the issuers. Examples of these include guaranteed mortgage pass-through certificates, collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs) and real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs).
In addition to credit and market risk, asset-backed securities may involve prepayment risk because the underlying assets (loans) may be prepaid at any time. Prepayment (or call) risk is the risk that an issuer will exercise its right to pay principal on an obligation held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-backed security) earlier than expected. This may happen during a period of declining interest rates. Under these circumstances, the Fund may be unable to recoup all of its initial investment and will suffer from having to reinvest in lower yielding securities. The loss of higher yielding securities and the reinvestment at lower interest rates can reduce the Funds income, total return and share price.
The value of these securities also may change because of actual or perceived changes in the creditworthiness of the originator, the service agent, the financial institution providing the credit support or the counterparty. Credit supports generally apply only to a fraction of a securitys value. Like other fixed-income securities, when interest rates rise, the value of an asset-backed security generally will decline. However, when interest rates decline, the value of an asset-backed security with prepayment features may not increase as much as that of other fixed-income securities. In addition, non-mortgage asset-backed securities involve certain risks not presented by mortgage-backed securities. Primarily, these securities do not have the benefit of the same security interest in the underlying collateral. If the issuer of the security has no security interest in the related collateral, there is the risk that the Fund could lose money if the issuer defaults.
Mortgage Dollar Rolls. A mortgage dollar roll involves the sale by the Fund of securities for delivery in the future (generally within 30 days). The Fund simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities on a specified future date. During the roll period, the Fund loses the right to receive principal and interest paid on the securities sold. However, the Fund benefits to the extent of any difference between (a) the price received for the securities sold and (b) the lower forward price for the future purchase and/or fee income plus the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the securities sold. Successful use of mortgage dollar rolls depends upon the Investment Advisers ability to predict correctly interest rates and mortgage prepayments. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its prediction, the Fund may experience a loss. Unless the benefits of a mortgage dollar roll exceed the income, capital appreciation and gain or loss due to mortgage prepayments that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the roll, the use of this technique will diminish the Funds performance.
For financial reporting and tax purposes, the Fund treats mortgage dollar rolls as two separate transactions: one involving the purchase of a security and a separate transaction involving a sale. The Fund currently does not intend to enter into mortgage dollar rolls that are accounted for as financing and does not treat them as borrowings.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Underlying Funds in which the Fund invests may be classified as non-diversified. This means that such Underlying Fund may invest most of its assets in securities issued by or representing a small number of issuers. As a result, a non-diversified Underlying Fund may be more susceptible to the risks associated with these particular issuers, or to a single economic, political or regulatory occurrence affecting these issuers.
Non-U.S. Issuers Risk. (P) Securities issued by non-U.S. issuers have different risks from securities issued by U.S. issuers. These risks include differences in accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, adverse changes in investment or exchange control regulations, political instability which could affect U.S. investments in non-U.S. countries, and potential restrictions of the flow of international capital. Non-U.S.
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
issuers may be subject to less governmental regulation than U.S. issuers. Moreover, individual non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross domestic product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payment positions. Although investment in emerging markets is not a principal investment strategy of the Fund, the Fund may have exposure to the risks of emerging market securities through its investment in Underlying Funds. The Fund may also invest directly in U.S. dollar-denominated fixed-income securities of companies located in emerging markets as a non-principal investment strategy. Non-U.S. issuers in emerging markets may be subject to the risk that markets of emerging market countries are less developed and less liquid, subject to greater price volatility and generally subject to increased economic, political, regulatory and other uncertainties than more developed markets.
Passive Investment Risk. The Fund may invest in index-based Underlying Funds that are not actively managed. An index-based Underlying Fund may be affected by a general decline in the market segments relating to its underlying index. An index-based Underlying Fund invests in securities included in, or representative of, its underlying index regardless of their investment merit. The investment adviser of an index-based Underlying Fund does not attempt to take defensive positions in any market conditions, including declining markets.
Percentage Investment Limitations. Unless otherwise stated, all percentage limitations on Fund investments listed in this Prospectus will apply at the time of investment.
Portfolio Turnover. The Investment Adviser will not consider the portfolio turnover rate a limiting factor in making investment decisions for the Fund. A high portfolio turnover rate is likely to involve higher brokerage commissions and other transaction costs, which could reduce the Funds return. It also may result in higher short-term capital gains that are taxable to shareholders.
Prepayment (or Call) Risk. (P) The issuer of a security held by the Fund (such as a mortgage-related or other asset-backed security) may under certain circumstances make principal payments on such security sooner than expected.
This may occur, for example, when interest rates decline. Such sooner-than-expected principal payments may reduce the returns of the Fund because the Fund is forced to forego expected future interest payments on the principal amount paid back early and the Fund may be forced to reinvest the money it receives from such early payments at the lower prevailing interest rates.
Privately-Issued Securities Risk. (P) The Fund may invest in privately-issued securities, including those that are normally purchased pursuant to Rule 144A or Regulation S of the 1933 Act. Privately-issued securities typically may be resold only to qualified institutional buyers, or in a privately negotiated transaction, or to a limited number of purchasers, or in limited quantities after they have been held for a specified period of time and other conditions are met for an exemption from registration. Because there may be relatively few potential purchasers for such securities, especially under adverse market or economic conditions or in the event of adverse changes in the financial condition of the issuer, the Fund may find it more difficult to sell such securities when it may be advisable to do so or it may be able to sell such securities only at prices lower than if such securities were more widely held and traded. At times, it also may be more difficult to determine the fair value of such securities for purposes of computing the Funds NAV due to the absence of an active trading market. There can be no assurance that a privately-issued security that is deemed to be liquid when purchased will continue to be liquid for as long as it is held by the Fund, and its value may decline as a result.
Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements with financial institutions such as banks and broker-dealers that are deemed to be creditworthy by the Investment Adviser in amounts not exceeding 20% of the Funds total assets. Repurchase agreements involve the purchase of securities by Fund subject to the sellers agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price. In the event of a default, the Fund will suffer a loss to the extent that the proceeds from the sale of the underlying securities and other collateral are less than the repurchase price and the Funds costs associated with delay and enforcement of the repurchase agreement. In addition, in the event of bankruptcy, the Fund could suffer
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
additional losses if a court determines that the Funds interest in the collateral is unenforceable by the Fund.
The Fund intends to enter into transactions with counterparties that are creditworthy at the time of the transactions. There is always the risk that the Investment Advisers analysis of creditworthiness is incorrect or may change due to market conditions. To the extent that the Fund focuses its transactions with a limited number of counterparties, it will be more susceptible to the risks associated with one or more counterparties. With respect to collateral received in repurchase transactions or other investments, the Fund may have significant exposure to the financial services and mortgage markets. Such exposure, depending on market conditions, could have a negative impact on the Fund, including minimizing the value of any collateral.
Securities Lending Risk. (P) In order to generate additional income, the Fund may lend securities to banks, brokers and dealers or other qualified institutions. In exchange, the Fund will receive collateral equal to at least 100% of the value of the securities loaned.
Securities lending may represent no more than one-third of the value of the Funds total assets (including the loan collateral). Any cash collateral received by the Fund in connection with these loans may be invested in a variety of short-term investments, either directly or indirectly through money market portfolios. Loan collateral (including any investment of the collateral) is not included in the calculation of the percentage limitations described elsewhere in this Prospectus regarding the Funds investments in particular types of securities.
A principal risk when lending portfolio securities is that the borrower might become insolvent or refuse to honor its obligation to return the securities. In this event, the Fund could experience delays in recovering its securities and possibly may incur a capital loss. The Fund will be responsible for any loss that might result from its investment of the cash collateral it receives from a borrower. Additionally, the amount of the Funds distributions that qualify for taxation at reduced long-term capital gains rates for individuals, as well as the amount of the Funds distributions that qualify for the dividends received deduction available to corporate
shareholders (together, qualifying dividends) may be reduced as a result of the Funds securities lending activities. This is because any dividends paid on securities while on loan will not be deemed to have been received by the Fund, and the equivalent amount paid to the Fund by the borrower of the securities will not be deemed to be a qualifying dividend.
Structured Securities. The Fund may invest in structured securities to the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies. Structured securities present additional risk that the interest paid to Fund on a structured security will be less than expected. The value of such securities is determined by reference to changes in the value of specific currencies, interest rates, commodities, securities, indices or other financial indicators (the Reference) or the relative change in two or more References. The interest rate or the principal amount payable upon maturity or redemption may be increased or decreased depending upon changes in the applicable Reference. Examples of structured securities include, but are not limited to, debt obligations, where the principal repayment at maturity is determined by the value of a specified security or securities index.
The terms of some structured securities may provide that in certain circumstances no principal is due at maturity and, therefore, the Fund could suffer a total loss of its investment. Structured securities may be positively or negatively indexed, so that appreciation of the Reference may produce an increase or decrease in the interest rate or value of the security at maturity. In addition, changes in the interest rates or the value of the security at maturity may be a multiple of changes in the value of the Reference. Consequently, structured securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of securities. Structured securities also may be more volatile, less liquid and more difficult to accurately price than less complex securities due to their derivative nature. As a result, investments in structured securities may adversely affect the Funds NAV. In some cases it is possible that the Fund may suffer a total loss on its investment in a structured security.
Temporary Investments. The Fund may temporarily hold cash and cash-like instruments or invest in short term obligations pending investment or to meet anticipated
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
redemption requests. The Fund also may hold up to 100% of its total assets in cash or cash-like instruments or invest in short term obligations as a temporary measure mainly designed to limit the Funds losses in response to adverse market, economic or other conditions when the Investment Adviser believes that it is in the best interest of the Fund to pursue such a defensive strategy. The Investment Adviser may, however, choose not to make such temporary investments even in very volatile or adverse conditions. The Fund may not achieve its investment objective when it holds cash or cash-like instruments, or invests its assets in short-term obligations or otherwise makes temporary investments. The Fund also may miss investment opportunities and have a lower total return during these periods.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. (P) The Fund may invest without limitation in a variety of U.S. Treasury obligations and in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. These instruments include U.S. Treasury obligations, such as bills, notes and bonds, which generally differ only in terms of their interest rates, maturities and time of issuance. They also include obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. Securities guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government or by its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises are deemed to include (a) securities for which the payment of principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. government or by an agency, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise thereof, (b) securities of private issuers guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities and (c) participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies that are so guaranteed.
Not all U.S. government obligations carry the same credit support. Although many U.S. government securities in which the Fund may invest, such as those issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) and Federal Home Loan Banks may be chartered or sponsored by Acts of Congress, their securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury and, therefore, are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States.
Some, such as those of the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), are supported by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Treasury. Other obligations, such as those of the Federal Home Loan Banks, are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; and others are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase the agencys obligations. Still others are supported only by the credit of the instrumentality or sponsored enterprise. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by the Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it is not obligated to do so by law. In addition, the secondary market for certain participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies may be limited.
An agency of the U.S. government has placed Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac into conservatorship, a statutory process with the objective of returning the entities to normal business operations. It is unclear what effect this conservatorship will have on the securities issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. As a result, these securities are subject to more credit risk than U.S. government securities that are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States (e.g., U.S. Treasury bonds).
To the extent the Fund invests in debt instruments or securities of non-U.S. government entities that are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, there is a possibility that such guarantee may be discontinued or modified at a later date.
U.S. Issuer Risk. (P) The Fund may have significant exposure to U.S. issuers. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in trade regulations and/or an economic recession in the United States may have a material adverse effect on the U.S. economy. The financial crisis that began in 2007 caused a significant decline in the value and liquidity of issuers in the United States. Policy and legislative changes in the United States are changing many aspects of financial and
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Additional Fund Information (cont.)
other regulation and may have a significant effect on the U.S. markets generally, as well as the value of certain securities. In addition, a continued rise in the U.S. public debt level or U.S. austerity measures may adversely affect U.S. economic growth and the securities to which the Fund has exposure.
Valuation Risk. (P) The sale price the Fund could receive for a security may differ from the Funds valuation of the security, particularly for securities that trade in low volume or volatile markets, or that are valued using a fair value methodology. Because portfolio securities may be traded on non-U.S. exchanges, and non-U.S. exchanges may be open on days when the Fund does not price its shares, the value of the securities in the Funds portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Funds shares.
Variable and Floating Rate Instruments. The Fund may invest in variable and floating rate instruments. Variable and floating rate instruments have interest rates that periodically are adjusted either at set intervals or that float at a margin tied to a specified index rate. These instruments include variable amount master demand notes, long-term variable and floating rate bonds where the Fund obtains at the time of purchase the right to put the bond back to the issuer or a third party at par at a specified date and leveraged inverse floating rate instruments (inverse floaters). An inverse floater is leveraged to the extent that its interest rate varies by an amount that exceeds the amount of the variation in the index rate of interest. Some variable and floating rate instruments have interest rates that periodically are adjusted as a result of changes in inflation rates.
The market values of inverse floaters are subject to greater volatility than other variable and floating rate instruments due to their higher degree of leverage. Because there is no active secondary market for certain variable and floating rate instruments, they may be more difficult to sell if the issuer defaults on its payment obligations or during periods when the Fund is not entitled to exercise its demand rights. As a result, the Fund could suffer a loss with respect to these instruments. In addition, variable and floating rate instruments are subject to changes in value based on changes in market interest rates or changes in the issuers or guarantors creditworthiness.
Zero Coupon Bonds. The Fund may invest in zero coupon bonds to the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies. These are securities issued at a discount from their face value because interest payments typically are postponed until maturity. The amount of the discount rate varies depending on factors such as the time remaining until maturity, prevailing interest rates, a securitys liquidity and the issuers credit quality. These securities also may take the form of debt securities that have been stripped of their interest payments.
The market prices of zero coupon bonds generally are more volatile than the market prices of interest-bearing securities and are likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than interest-bearing securities having similar maturities and credit quality. The Funds investments in zero coupon bonds may require the Fund to sell some of its portfolio securities to generate sufficient cash to satisfy certain income distribution requirements.
Portfolio Holdings Information
A description of the Trusts policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Funds portfolio securities is available in the Funds Statement of Additional Information (SAI). The top holdings of the Fund can be found at www.flexshares.com. Fund fact sheets provide information regarding the Funds top holdings and may be requested by calling 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383) or visiting the Trusts website at www.flexshares.com.
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Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (NTI or the Investment Adviser), a subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation, serves as the Investment Adviser of the Fund. NTI is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, IL 60603.
NTI is an Illinois State Banking Corporation and an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. It primarily manages assets for institutional and individual separately managed accounts, investment companies and bank common and collective funds. Northern Trust Corporation is regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as a financial holding company under the U.S. Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended.
As of September 30, 2016, Northern Trust Corporation, through its affiliates, had assets under custody of $6.71 trillion, and assets under investment management of $945.8 billion.
Under the Investment Advisory Agreement with the Fund, NTI, subject to the general supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees, is responsible for making investment decisions for the Fund and for placing purchase and sale orders for portfolio securities. As compensation for its advisory services and assumption of Fund expenses, NTI is entitled to a unitary management fee, computed daily and payable monthly, at the annual rate of 0.35% of the Funds average daily net assets.
From the unitary management fee, NTI pays most of the expenses of the Fund, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, legal, audit and other services. However, it is not responsible for the fee payments under the Investment Advisory Agreement, interest expenses, brokerage commissions and other trading expenses, fees and expenses of the independent trustees and their independent legal counsel, taxes and other extraordinary costs such as litigation and other expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of business.
NTI has contractually agreed to reimburse the fees and expenses of the Trusts independent trustees and their independent legal counsel until November 14, 2017. NTI has
also contractually agreed to waive Management Fees or reimburse certain expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (a) any Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses, if any, incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in Acquired Funds managed by NTI or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or under common control with NTI (Affiliated Funds); and (b) 0.05% or such lesser amount in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in Acquired Funds that are not Affiliated Funds, until November 14, 2017. The Trusts Board of Trustees may terminate the contractual arrangements at any time if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders. A discussion regarding the Board of Trustees basis for its approval of the Funds Advisory Agreement will be available in the Trusts annual report to shareholders for the period ending October 31, 2016.
NTI manages assets collectively on a team basis, which allows the firm to maintain continuity of the investment management process. NTIs Chief Investment Officer leads various teams with respect to strategic overall investment management decisions and the development of investment strategies. Senior investment professionals from NTIs portfolio management teams are involved in various aspects of managing the FlexShares Funds. Portfolio managers within each specialized team are responsible for the day-to-day management of specific investment strategies and funds. The individual Portfolio Managers who, as a team, are collectively responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds portfolio are:
Bradley Camden is a Senior Vice President of NTI. Mr. Camden joined NTI in 2005 and has assisted in the management of various fixed-income funds.
Brandon P. Ferguson is a Second Vice President of NTI. Mr. Ferguson joined NTI in November 2007 and for the past three years has managed various fixed-income portfolios.
Daniel J. Personette is Vice President of NTI. Mr. Personette joined NTI in 1996 and for the past five years has managed various fixed-income portfolios.
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Description of Fund Management (cont.)
Additional information about the Portfolio Managers compensation, other accounts managed by the Portfolio Managers and the Portfolio Managers ownership of securities in the Fund is available in the SAI.
Administrator, Custodian, Transfer Agent and Securities Lending Agent
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan) is the administrator, custodian, transfer agent and securities lending agent for the Fund.
Foreside Fund Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, serves as the distributor (Distributor) of Creation Units for the Fund on an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the Fund. The Distributor has no role in determining the policies of the Fund or the securities that are purchased or sold by the Fund. The Distributors principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor is not affiliated with NTI or with JPMorgan or its affiliates.
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Additional shareholder information is available free of charge by calling toll-free: 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383) or visiting the Trusts website at www.flexshares.com.
Shares of the Fund trade on national securities exchanges during the trading day. Shares can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded securities. There is no minimum investment. When buying or selling shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges. In addition, you will also incur the cost of the spread, which is the difference between what professional investors are willing to pay for Fund shares (the bid price) and the price at which they are willing to sell Fund shares (the ask price). The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread with respect to shares of the Fund varies over time based on the Funds trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally lower if the Fund has a lot of trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the Fund has little trading volume and market liquidity. Because of the costs of buying and selling Fund shares, frequent trading may reduce investment return and an investment in the Fund may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.
Shares of the Fund may be acquired or redeemed directly from the Fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the Creations and Redemptions section on page 30. Once created, shares of the Fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
Shares of the Fund trade under the trading symbol listed for the Fund on the front cover of this Prospectus.
The Trusts Board of Trustees has adopted a policy whereby the Fund does not monitor for frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares (frequent trading). The Board of Trustees believes that a frequent trading monitoring policy is unnecessary for the Fund because shares of the Fund are listed and traded on national securities exchanges. Therefore, it is unlikely that a shareholder could take advantage of a potential arbitrage opportunity presented by a lag
between a change in the value of the Funds portfolio securities after the close of the primary markets for the Funds portfolio securities and the reflection of that change in the Funds NAV, because the Fund sells and redeems its shares directly through transactions that are in-kind and/or for cash subject to the conditions described below under Creations and Redemptions.
The Funds shares are listed on the NYSE Arca, Inc. The NYSE Arca is open for trading Monday through Friday and is closed on weekends and the following holidays, as observed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act restricts
investments by registered investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of the Fund. Although the SEC has granted an exemptive order to the Trust permitting registered investment companies to invest in
FlexShares Funds beyond the limits set forth in Section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions, the exemptive order is not applicable to the Fund. Accordingly, registered investment companies must adhere to the limits set forth in
Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act when investing in the Fund.
Shares of the Fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (DTC) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the Fund and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
Investors owning shares of the Fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares of the Fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any rights as an owner of shares, you must rely
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Shareholder Information (cont.)
upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any securities that you hold in book entry or street name form.
The trading prices of shares in the secondary market may differ in varying degrees from their daily NAVs and can be affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors.
The approximate value of shares of the Fund, known as the indicative optimized portfolio value (IOPV) will be disseminated every fifteen seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the Fund is listed or by other information providers or market data vendors. The IOPV is based on the current market value of the securities and cash required to be deposited in exchange for a Creation Unit. The IOPV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by the Fund at a particular point in time nor the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. The IOPV should not be viewed as a real-time update of the NAV, because the IOPV may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once a day as discussed below. The IOPV is generally determined by using current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the Fund. The Fund is not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the IOPV and makes no warranty as to its accuracy. An inaccuracy in the IOPV could result from various factors, including the difficulty of pricing certain fixed income instruments on an intra-day basis.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The Funds Net Asset Value (NAV) is determined daily as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day the NYSE is open for trading, based on prices at the time of closing, provided that any U.S. fixed-income assets may be valued as of the announced closing time for trading in fixed-income instruments on any day that the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association announces an early closing time. The NAV is calculated by dividing the value of all assets of the Fund (including accrued interest
and dividends), less all liabilities (including accrued expenses and dividends declared but unpaid), by the total number of shares outstanding.
The investments of the Fund are valued at fair value pursuant to the pricing policy and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees. The Funds investments are valued using market quotations when available. When market quotations are not readily available, are deemed unreliable, or do not reflect material events occurring between the close of local markets and the time of valuation, the Fund values securities at fair value as determined in good faith in accordance with the Funds fair value pricing procedures as approved by the Board of Trustees. Such circumstances include periods when trading in a security is suspended, the exchange or market on which a security trades closes early, the trading volume in a security is limited, corporate actions and announcements take place, or regulatory news affecting an issuer is released, such as government approvals. Additionally, the Trust, in its discretion, may make adjustments to the prices of securities held by the Fund if an event occurs after the publication of market values normally used by the Fund but before the time as of which the Fund calculates its NAV, depending on the nature and significance of the event, consistent with applicable regulatory guidance and the Trusts fair value procedures. Other events that can trigger fair valuing of foreign securities include, for example, significant fluctuations in general market indicators, government actions, or natural disasters.
The use of fair valuation involves the risk that the values used by the Fund to price its investments may be higher or lower than the values used by other investment companies and investors to price the same investments. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that a fair value determination for a portfolio security may be materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of such security.
Security prices are generally provided by independent pricing services. Portfolio securities listed or traded on domestic securities exchanges or the NASDAQ/NMS, including dollar-dominated foreign securities, are valued at the closing price or last sales price reported on the exchange or system where the security is principally traded. The closing price for
26 |
Shareholder Information (cont.)
securities traded on the NASDAQ/NMS is the Nasdaq Official Closing Price (NOCP). If there have been no sales for that day on the exchange or system where the security is principally traded, then the value is determined with reference to the last sale price, or the NOCP, if applicable, on any other exchange or system. If there have been no sales of the security for that day on any exchange or system, the security is valued at fair value pursuant to the Trusts fair value procedures.
Securities that are traded regularly in the over-the-counter market (other than the NASDAQ/NMS), including securities listed on exchanges but primarily traded over-the-counter, are valued on the basis of bid quotes or the mean between the bid and asked quotes based upon quotes furnished by one or more broker-dealers or market makers for those securities. Securities that may be traded over-the-counter include equity securities, fixed-income securities, non-exchange-listed foreign securities, and certain derivative instruments. Fixed income securities may be valued using prices provided directly from one or more broker-dealers, market makers, or independent third-party pricing services which may use matrix pricing and valuation models, as well as recent market transactions for the same or similar assets, to derive values when such prices are believed to reflect fair market values of such securities. Such prices may be determined by taking into account securities prices, yields, maturities, call features, ratings, prepayment speeds, credit risks, cash flows, institutional size trading in similar groups of securities and developments related to specific securities. Fixed-income securities maturing within a relatively short period, less than 60 days, are valued at amortized cost when they approximate fair value.
Foreign securities are generally priced at the closing price or last sales price reported on the foreign exchange on which they are principally traded. If there have been no sales for that day on the exchange, then the value is determined with reference to the last sale price on any other exchange. If there have been no sales of the security for that day, the security will be valued at fair value pursuant to the Trusts fair value procedures.
Exchange-traded financial futures and options are valued at the settlement price as established by the exchange on which
they are traded. Over-the-counter options are valued at broker-provided bid prices, as are swaps. The foregoing prices may be obtained from one or more independent pricing services or, as needed or applicable, independent broker-dealers. If there was no sale on that day, and for non-exchange-traded derivatives, the contract is valued at fair value pursuant to the Trusts fair value procedures.
The Trust has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan (the Plan) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act that allows the Fund to pay distribution and other fees for the sale and distribution of its shares. Because these fees would be paid out of the Funds assets on an on-going basis, over time these fees would increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than paying other types of sales charges. Payments to financial intermediaries under the Plan are tied directly to their own out-of-pocket expenses. As of this date, the Plan has not been implemented with respect to the Fund. The Plan may not be implemented without further Board of Trustees approval. The maximum distribution fee is 0.25% of the Funds average net assets under the Plan. The Fund does not expect to pay any 12b-1 fees during the current and next fiscal years.
Dividends from net investment income are generally declared and paid monthly. Distributions of net realized securities gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, but the Trust may make distributions on a more frequent basis for the Fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve its status as a regulated investment company or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains.
Dividends and other distributions on shares are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants to beneficial owners then of record with proceeds received from the Fund. Dividends and securities gains distributions are distributed in U.S. dollars and cannot be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund.
27 |
Shareholder Information (cont.)
No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial owners of the Fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the Fund purchased in the secondary market.
The following is a summary of certain tax considerations that may be relevant to an investor in the Fund. The discussions of the federal tax consequences in this Prospectus are based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) and the regulations issued under it, and court decisions and administrative interpretations, as in effect on the date of this Prospectus. Future legislative or administrative changes or court decisions may significantly alter the statements included herein, and any such changes or decisions may be retroactive. Except where otherwise indicated, the discussion relates to shareholders who are individual United States citizens or residents and is based on current tax law. You should consult your tax advisor for further information regarding federal, state, local and/or foreign tax consequences relevant to your specific situation.
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company for federal income tax purposes, and to distribute to shareholders substantially all of its net investment income and net capital gain each year. Except as otherwise noted below, you will generally be subject to federal income tax on the Funds distributions to you. For federal income tax purposes, Fund distributions attributable to short-term capital gains and net investment income are taxable to you as ordinary income. Distributions attributable to net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) of the Fund generally are taxable to you as long-term capital gains. This is true no matter how long you own your shares. The maximum long-term capital gain rate applicable to individuals, estates and trusts is 20%.
Every year, you will be provided information detailing the amount of ordinary income and capital gains distributed to your account for the previous year.
The Fund may invest in debt securities issued by state and local governments, the interest on which is exempt from Federal income taxes. However, the Fund will not be eligible to pay dividends that are exempt from Federal income taxes unless, after the end of each quarter, at least 50% of the value of the Funds assets are invested in tax exempt obligations. The Fund does not expect to meet this requirement under normal circumstances.
U.S. individuals with modified adjusted gross income exceeding $200,000 ($250,000 if married and filing jointly) will be subject to the Medicare contribution tax on their net investment income, which includes interest, dividends and capital gains at a rate of 3.8%.
Dividends and distributions from the Fund will generally be taxable to you in the tax year in which they are paid, with one exception. Dividends and distributions declared by the Fund in October, November or December and paid in January are taxed as though they were paid by December 31.
Distributions in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital and will reduce the shareholders basis in his shares of the Fund. To the extent such distribution exceeds the shareholders basis, the distribution will result in a capital gain (if the shareholder holds his shares of the Fund as capital assets) as if the shareholder sold his shares. Such capital gain will be long-term capital gain if the shareholder held the shares for more than one year.
If you (a) have provided either an incorrect Social Security Number or Taxpayer Identification Number or no number at all, (b) are subject to withholding by the IRS for prior failure to properly include on your return payments of interest or dividends, or (c) have failed to certify, when required to do so, that you are not subject to backup withholding or are an exempt recipient, then 28% of the dividends and distributions payable to you will be withheld and remitted to the IRS.
28 |
Shareholder Information (cont.)
The sale or redemption of Fund shares is a taxable event on which a gain or loss may be recognized. The amount of gain or loss is based on the difference between your tax basis in the Fund shares and the amount you receive for them upon disposition. Generally, you will recognize long-term capital gain or loss if you have held your Fund shares for over twelve months at the time you dispose of them. Gains and losses on shares held for twelve months or less will generally constitute short-term capital gains, except that a loss on shares held six months or less will be recharacterized as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any capital gains distributions that you have received on the shares. A loss realized on a sale or exchange of Fund shares may be disallowed under the so-called wash sale rules to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced with other shares of that same Fund within a period of 61 days beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the shares are disposed of, such as pursuant to a dividend reinvestment in shares of the Fund. If disallowed, the loss will be reflected in an adjustment to the basis of the shares acquired.
The one major exception to the preceding tax principles is that distributions on, and sales, exchanges and redemptions of, shares held in an IRA or other tax-qualified plan will not be currently taxable unless shares are acquired with borrowed funds. Distributions may be taxable upon withdrawal from tax-deferred accounts.
Except as stated below, you may be subject to state and local taxes on Fund distributions and redemptions. State income taxes may not apply, however, to the portions of the Funds distributions, if any, that are attributable to interest on certain types of federal securities or interest on securities issued by the particular state or municipalities within the state.
U.S. Tax Treatment of Foreign Shareholders. Nonresident aliens, foreign corporations and other foreign investors in the Fund will generally be exempt from U.S. federal income tax on Fund distributions attributable to net capital gains. The exemption may not apply, however, if the investment in the Fund is connected to a trade or business of the foreign investor in the United States or if the foreign investor is present in the United States for 183 days or more in a year and certain other conditions are met.
Fund distributions attributable to the other categories of Fund income, such as dividends from companies whose securities are held by the Fund and interest on debt securities, will generally be subject to a 30% withholding tax when paid to foreign shareholders. However, certain interest related dividends and short term capital gain dividends as designated by the Fund are not subject to this 30% withholding tax if the shareholder provides a properly completed Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable. The withholding tax may, however, be reduced (and, in some cases, eliminated) under an applicable tax treaty between the United States and a shareholders country of residence or incorporation, provided that the shareholder furnishes the Fund with a properly completed Form W-8BEN, or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, to establish entitlement for these treaty benefits. In addition, the Fund will be required to withhold 30% tax on payments to foreign entities that do not meet specified information reporting requirements under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act.
A foreign investor will generally not be subject to U.S. tax on gains realized on sales or exchanges of Fund shares unless the investment in the Fund is connected to a trade or business of the investor in the United States or if the investor is present in the United States for 183 days or more in a year and certain other conditions are met. All foreign investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences in their country of residence of an investment in the Fund.
Taxes on Creations and Redemptions of Creation Units. A person who purchases a Creation Unit by exchanging securities in-kind generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at that time, and the purchasers aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any net cash paid. A person who redeems Creation Units and receives securities in-kind from the Fund will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the redeemers basis in the Creation Units, and the aggregate market value of the securities received and any net cash received. The Internal Revenue Service, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an in-kind exchange of securities for Creation Units or an exchange of Creation Units for securities cannot be
29 |
Shareholder Information (cont.)
deducted currently under the rules governing wash sales, or on a basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons effecting in-kind creations or redemptions should consult their own tax adviser with respect to these matters.
There are certain tax requirements that the Fund must follow in order to qualify as a regulated investment company and to avoid federal income taxation. In its efforts to adhere to these requirements, the Fund may have to limit its investment activity in some types of instruments.
Consult Your Tax Professional. Your investment in the Fund could have additional tax consequences. You should consult your tax professional for information regarding all tax consequences applicable to your investments in the Fund. More tax information is provided in the SAI. This short summary is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning.
Prior to trading in the secondary market, shares of the Fund are created at NAV by market makers, large investors and institutions only in block-size Creation Units of 25,000 shares or multiples thereof. Each creator or Authorized Participant enters into an authorized participant agreement with Foreside Fund Services, LLC, the Funds distributor. Only an Authorized Participant may create or redeem Creation Units directly with the Fund. A creation transaction, which is subject to acceptance by the transfer agent, generally takes place when an Authorized Participant deposits into the Fund cash and/or a designated portfolio of securities (Deposit Securities) approximating the holdings of the Fund in exchange for a specified number of Creation Units.
Similarly, shares can be redeemed only in Creation Units, for cash and/or in-kind for a portfolio of securities held by the Fund (Fund Securities). EXCEPT WHEN AGGREGATED IN CREATION UNITS, SHARES ARE NOT REDEEMABLE BY THE FUND. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received in a form described in the authorized participant agreement.
The Fund intends to comply with the U.S. federal securities laws in accepting securities for deposits and satisfying redemptions with redemption securities, including that the securities accepted for deposits and the securities used to satisfy redemption requests will be sold in transactions that would be exempt from registration under the Securities Act. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a qualified institutional buyer, as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the Securities Act, will not be able to receive Fund Securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
Creations and redemptions must be made through a firm that is either a member of the Continuous Net Settlement System of the National Securities Clearing Corporation or a DTC participant and has executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units. Information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units (including the cut-off times for receipt of creation and redemption orders) is included in the Funds SAI.
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of the Fund a distribution, as such term is used in the Securities Act, may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. Any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an unsold allotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the
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Shareholder Information (cont.)
Securities Act is available only with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
The Fund will impose a purchase transaction fee and a redemption transaction fee to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash are required to pay a higher fee to compensate for brokerage and market impact expenses and other associated costs. The standard creation and redemption transaction fees for creations and redemptions in kind for the Fund are discussed below. The standard creation transaction fee is charged to each purchaser on the day such purchaser creates a Creation Unit. The fee is a single charge and will be the amount indicated below regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an investor on the same day. Similarly, the redemption transaction fee will be the amount indicated regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed that day. NTI may, from time to time, at its own expense, compensate pur-
chasers of Creation Units who have purchased substantial amounts of Creation Units and other financial institutions for administrative or marketing services.
The standard creation and redemption transaction fees for creations and redemptions through DTC for cash (when cash creations and redemptions are available or specified) will also be subject to an additional fee up to the maximum amount shown below under Maximum Additional Variable Charge for Cash Purchases/Maximum Additional Variable Charge for Cash Redemptions. In addition, purchasers of shares in Creation Units are responsible for payment of the costs of transferring the securities to the Fund. Redeemers of shares in Creation Units are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities from the Fund.
Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may pay fees for such services. The following table also shows, as of November 14, 2016, the approximate value of one Creation Unit, including standard and maximum additional creation and redemption transaction fees:
Approximate
Creation Unit |
Creation
Unit Size |
Standard
Redemption
|
Maximum Additional
Variable
for Creations* |
Maximum
Additional Variable Charge for Redemptions* |
||||||
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund | $625,000 | 25,000 | $0 | 3% | 2% |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemption, of the standard redemption transaction fee. |
Householding is an option available to certain investors. Householding is a method of delivery, based on the preference of the individual investor, in which a single copy of certain shareholder documents can be delivered to investors who share the same address, even if their accounts are
registered under different names. Householding is available through certain broker-dealers. If you are interested in enrolling in householding and receiving a single copy of prospectuses and other shareholder documents, please contact your broker-dealer. If you are currently enrolled in householding and wish to change your householding status, please contact your broker-dealer.
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There are no financial highlights for the Fund because it commenced operations on or after the date of this Prospectus.
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FlexShares ® is a registered trademark of NTI.
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I. Premium/Discount Information
Information about the differences between the daily market price on secondary markets for shares of the Fund and the Funds net asset value for various time periods is available by visiting the Funds website at www.flexshares.com.
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Annual/Semi-Annual Reports and Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
Additional information about the Funds investments is available in the Trusts annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders.
Additional information about the Fund and its policies also is available in the Funds SAI. The SAI is incorporated by reference into this Prospectus (and is legally considered part of this Prospectus).
The Trusts annual and semiannual reports and the SAI are available free on the Trusts website at www.flexshares.com, and upon request by calling the Fund at 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383) or by sending an email request to: info@flexshares.com. The SAI and other information are available from a financial intermediary (such as a broker-dealer or bank) through which the Funds shares may be purchased or sold.
TO OBTAIN OTHER INFORMATION AND FOR SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES:
By Telephone
Call 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383)
By Mail
FlexShares ® ETFs
c/o Foreside Fund Services, LLC
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100
Portland, ME 04101
On the Internet
The Funds documents are available online and may be downloaded from:
|
The SECs website at www.sec.gov (text-only) |
|
FlexShares ® Trusts website at www.flexshares.com |
You may review and obtain copies of FlexShares ® Trust documents by visiting the SECs Public Reference Room in Washington, D.C. You also may obtain copies of FlexShares ® Trust documents by sending your request and a duplicating fee to the SECs Public Reference Section, Washington, D.C. 20549-1520 or by electronic request to: publicinfo@sec.gov. Information on the operation of the Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the SEC at 202-551-8090.
811-22555
FlexShares ® Trust
Statement of Additional Information
Dated November 14, 2016
This Statement of Additional Information (the SAI) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with the current prospectus (the Prospectus) for the following Fund of the FlexShares Trust (the Trust) as such Prospectus may be revised or supplemented from time to time:
Fund |
Ticker | Stock Exchange | ||||||
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund |
BNDC | NYSE Arca |
The Prospectus for the Fund of the FlexShares Trust included in this SAI is dated November 14, 2016. Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meanings as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. Copies of the Prospectus may be obtained without charge by visiting www.flexshares.com, writing to FlexShares ETFs, c/o Foreside Fund Services, LLC, Three Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101 or calling 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383). FlexShares ® is a registered trademark of Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (NTI or the Investment Adviser).
An investment in the Fund is not a deposit of any bank and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), any other government agency or The Northern Trust Company (TNTC), its affiliates, subsidiaries or any other bank. An investment in the Fund involves investment risks, including possible loss of principal.
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GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE TRUST AND THE FUND
The Trust was formed as a Maryland Statutory Trust on May 13, 2010, originally named NT ETF Trust, and renamed FlexShares Trust as of April 12, 2011. The Trust is authorized to have multiple series or portfolios. The Trust is an open-end, management investment company, registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act). The offering of the Trusts shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). This SAI relates to the following diversified fund (the Fund):
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund |
The investment objective of the Fund is to seek total return and preservation of capital. The Fund is managed by NTI, an indirect subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation.
The Fund offers and issues shares at their net asset value per share (NAV) only in aggregations of a specified number of shares (each, a Creation Unit or a Creation Unit Aggregation), generally in exchange for a specified basket of securities (the Deposit Securities), together with the deposit of a specified cash payment (the Cash Component). The shares of the Fund are listed and traded on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (NYSE Arca), a national securities exchange (the Listing Exchange). Shares trade in the secondary market and elsewhere at market prices that may be at, above or below NAV. Shares are redeemable only in Creation Unit Aggregations, and, generally, in exchange for portfolio securities and a Cash Component. The number of shares of a Creation Unit of the Fund is as follows:
FUND |
NUMBER OF SHARES
PER CREATION UNIT |
|||
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund |
25,000 |
The Trust reserves the right to offer a cash option for creations and redemptions of shares as more fully described in the Purchase and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations section of this SAI. Shares may be issued in advance of receipt of Deposit Securities subject to various conditions including a requirement to maintain on deposit with the Trust cash at least equal to 110%, which percentage NTI may change from time to time, of the market value of the missing Deposit Securities. See the Purchase and Redemption of Creation Unit Aggregations section of this SAI. In each instance of cash creations or redemptions, transaction fees may be imposed that will be higher than the transaction fees associated with in-kind creations or redemptions. In all cases, such conditions and fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities.
1
ADDITIONAL INVESTMENT INFORMATION
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Prospectus in the Shareholder Information section. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, that section of the Prospectus.
Shares of the Fund are listed for trading on at least one Listing Exchange, such as the NYSA Arca, and trade throughout the day on the Listing Exchange and other secondary markets. In addition, the Fund may be traded on certain foreign exchanges. There can be no assurance that the requirements of a Listing Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of shares of the Fund will continue to be met. A Listing Exchange may, but is not required to, remove the shares of the Fund from listing if (1) following the initial twelve-month period beginning upon the commencement of trading of the Fund, there are fewer than fifty (50) record and/or beneficial holders of the Fund for thirty (30) or more consecutive trading days, (2) the indicative optimized portfolio value (IOPV) of the Fund is no longer calculated or available, or (3) any other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. A Listing Exchange will remove the shares of the Fund from listing and trading upon termination of the Fund.
As in the case of other publicly-traded securities, brokers commissions on transactions will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
In order to provide additional information regarding the indicative value of shares of the Fund, a Listing Exchange disseminates every fifteen seconds, through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association, an updated IOPV for the Fund as calculated by an information provider or market data vendors. The Trust is not involved in or responsible for any aspect of the calculation or dissemination of the IOPVs, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the IOPVs.
An IOPV has a securities value component and a cash component. The securities values included in an IOPV are the values of the Deposit Securities for the Fund. While the IOPV reflects the current market value of the Deposit Securities required to be deposited in connection with the purchase of a Creation Unit Aggregation, it does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities held by the Fund at a particular point in time because the current portfolio of the Fund may include securities that are not a part of the Deposit Securities. Therefore, the Funds IOPV disseminated during the Listing Exchange trading hours should not be viewed as a real time update of the Funds NAV, which is calculated only once a day.
In addition to the securities component described in the preceding paragraph, the IOPV for the Fund includes a cash component consisting of estimated accrued interest, dividends and other income, less expenses. The IOPV also reflects changes in currency exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and the applicable foreign currency.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of the Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE, STRATEGIES AND RISKS
The following supplements the information contained in the Prospectus concerning the investment objective and strategies of the Fund.
The investment objective of the Fund may be changed without shareholder approval. Except as expressly noted below, the Funds investment strategies may be changed without shareholder approval. In addition to the instruments discussed below and in the Prospectus, the Fund may purchase other types of financial instruments,
2
however designated, whose investment and credit quality characteristics are determined by NTI to be substantially similar to those of any other investment otherwise permitted by the Funds investment strategies. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets in U.S. dollar denominated investment-grade fixed-income securities either directly or indirectly through exchange-traded funds (ETFs) and other registered investment companies. The Fund primarily invests in fixed-rate securities of varying maturities, including bonds, debt securities and other similar instruments issued by U.S. public and U.S and non-U.S. private sector entities. Such issuers include, without limitation, U.S. governments and their agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises, and U.S. and non-U.S. private-sector entities, such as corporations and banks.
The Fund seeks to provide attractive risk-adjusted performance by investing in a portfolio of fixed-income securities that is designed to achieve optimal potential for total return after taking into account various sources of investment risk. The Fund adjusts its allocations to securities based on NTIs assessment of potential changes in interest rate levels, the shape of the yield curve and credit spread relationships. The Fund also seeks to balance the potential for return and risk while emphasizing liquidity and diversification across a spectrum of U.S. dollar denominated investment-grade fixed income securities. The Fund may make the foregoing investments either directly or indirectly by investing in underlying indexed or actively managed ETFs or other registered investment companies (together with ETFs, Underlying Funds) that invest in such securities. The Underlying Funds in which the Fund may invest include funds managed by NTI or its affiliates. The Fund is an actively managed ETF and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index.
The following supplements the information contained in the Prospectus concerning the investment objective and policies of the Fund. Because the Fund may significantly invest in Underlying Funds, the risks of investment in particular types of securities, instruments and portfolio management techniques discussed below may be borne by the Fund through its investment in the Underlying Funds, in addition to the risks associated with those securities and instruments if the Fund invested in them directly or the portfolio management techniques that the Fund engages in directly.
ASSET-BACKED (INCLUDING MORTGAGE-BACKED) SECURITIES. The Fund may purchase asset-backed securities, which are securities backed by mortgages, installment contracts, credit card receivables or other financial assets. The Fund will invest no more than 10% of its total assets in non-agency asset-backed securities (including mortgage-backed securities). The investment characteristics of asset-backed securities differ from those of traditional fixed-income securities. Asset-backed securities represent interests in pools of assets in which payments of both interest and principal on the securities are made periodically, thus in effect passing through such payments made by the individual borrowers on the assets that underlie the securities, net of any fees paid to the issuer or guarantor of the securities. The average life of asset-backed securities varies with the maturities of the underlying instruments, and the average life of a mortgage-backed instrument, in particular, is likely to be substantially less than the original maturity of the mortgage pools underlying the securities as a result of mortgage prepayments. For this and other reasons, an asset-backed security normally is subject to both call risk and extension risk, and an asset-backed securitys stated maturity may be shortened. In addition, the securitys total return may be difficult to predict precisely. These differences can result in significantly greater price and yield volatility than is the case with traditional fixed-income securities.
If an asset-backed security is purchased at a premium, a prepayment rate that is faster than expected will reduce yield to maturity, while a prepayment rate that is slower than expected will have the opposite effect of increasing yield to maturity. Conversely, if an asset-backed security is purchased at a discount, faster than expected prepayments will increase, while slower than expected prepayments will decrease, yield to maturity. In calculating the Funds average weighted maturity, the maturity of asset-backed securities will be based on estimates of average life. Prepayments on asset-backed securities generally increase with falling interest rates and decrease with rising interest rates; furthermore, prepayment rates are influenced by a variety of economic and social factors. In general, the collateral supporting non-mortgage asset-backed securities is of shorter maturity than mortgage loans and is less likely to experience substantial prepayments.
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Asset-backed securities acquired by the Fund may include collateralized mortgage obligations (CMOs). CMOs provide the holder with a specified interest in the cash flow of a pool of underlying mortgages or other mortgage-backed securities. Issuers of CMOs ordinarily elect to be taxed as pass-through entities known as real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs). CMOs are issued in multiple classes, each with a specified fixed or floating interest rate and a final distribution date. The relative payment rights of the various CMO classes may be structured in a variety of ways, and normally are considered derivative securities. In some cases CMOs may be highly leveraged and very speculative.
There are a number of important differences among the agencies, instrumentalities and sponsored enterprises of the U.S. government that issue mortgage-related securities and among the securities that they issue. Mortgage-related securities guaranteed by the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae) include Ginnie Mae Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, which are guaranteed as to the timely payment of principal and interest by Ginnie Mae and backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, which means that the U.S. government guarantees that the interest and principal will be paid when due. Ginnie Mae is a wholly-owned U.S. government corporation within the Department of Housing and Urban Development. Ginnie Mae certificates also are supported by the authority of Ginnie Mae to borrow funds from the U.S. Treasury to make payments under its guarantee.
Mortgage-backed securities issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) include Fannie Mae Guaranteed Mortgage Pass-Through Certificates, which are solely the obligations of Fannie Mae and are not backed by or entitled to the full faith and credit of the United States, except as described below, but are supported by the right of the issuer to borrow from the U.S. Treasury. Fannie Mae is a stockholder-owned corporation chartered under an Act of the U.S. Congress. Fannie Mae certificates are guaranteed as to timely payment of the principal and interest by Fannie Mae. Mortgage-related securities issued by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) include Freddie Mac Mortgage Participation Certificates. Freddie Mac is a corporate instrumentality of the United States, created pursuant to an Act of Congress. Freddie Mac certificates are not guaranteed by the United States or by any Federal Home Loan Banks and do not constitute a debt or obligation of the United States or of any Federal Home Loan Bank. Freddie Mac certificates entitle the holder to timely payment of interest, which is guaranteed by Freddie Mac. Freddie Mac guarantees either ultimate collection or timely payment of all principal payments on the underlying mortgage loans. When Freddie Mac does not guarantee timely payment of principal, Freddie Mac may remit the amount due on account of its guarantee of ultimate payment of principal after default.
From time to time, proposals have been introduced before Congress for the purpose of restricting or eliminating federal sponsorship of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The Trust cannot predict what legislation, if any, may be proposed in the future in Congress with regard to such sponsorship or which proposals, if any, might be enacted. Such proposals, if enacted, might materially and adversely affect the availability of government guaranteed mortgage-backed securities and the Funds liquidity and value.
There is risk that the U.S. government will not provide financial support to its agencies, authorities, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. The Fund may purchase U.S. government securities that are not backed by the full faith and credit of the United States, such as those issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. government securities held by the Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future.
The volatility and disruption that impacted the capital and credit markets during late 2008 and into 2009 have led to increased market concerns about Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes ability to withstand future credit losses associated with securities held in their investment portfolios, and on which they provide guarantees, without the direct support of the federal government. On September 7, 2008, both Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae were placed under the conservatorship of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA). Under the plan of conservatorship, the FHFA has assumed control of, and generally has the power to direct, the operations of
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Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, and is empowered to exercise all powers collectively held by their respective shareholders, directors and officers, including the power to: (1) take over the assets of and operate Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae with all the powers of the shareholders, the directors, and the officers of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and conduct all business of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (2) collect all obligations and money due to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; (3) perform all functions of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which are consistent with the conservators appointment; (4) preserve and conserve the assets and property of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; and (5) contract for assistance in fulfilling any function, activity, action or duty of the conservator. In addition, in connection with the actions taken by the FHFA, the U.S. Treasury Department (the Treasury) entered into certain preferred stock purchase agreements with each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae which established the Treasury as the holder of a new class of senior preferred stock in each of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, which stock was issued in connection with financial contributions from the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
The conditions attached to the financial contribution made by the Treasury to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae and the issuance of this senior preferred stock placed significant restrictions on the activities of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae. Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae must obtain the consent of the Treasury to, among other things: (i) make any payment to purchase or redeem its capital stock or pay any dividend other than in respect of the senior preferred stock issued to the Treasury, (ii) issue capital stock of any kind, (iii) terminate the conservatorship of the FHFA except in connection with a receivership, or (iv) increase its debt beyond certain specified levels. In addition, significant restrictions were placed on the maximum size of each of Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes respective portfolios of mortgages and mortgage-backed securities, and the purchase agreements entered into by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae provide that the maximum size of their portfolios of these assets must decrease by a specified percentage each year. The future status and role of Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae could be impacted by (among other things) the actions taken and restrictions placed on Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae by the FHFA in its role as conservator; the restrictions placed on Freddie Macs and Fannie Maes operations and activities as a result of the senior preferred stock investment made by the Treasury; market responses to developments at Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae; and future legislative and regulatory action that alters the operations, ownership, structure and/or mission of these institutions, each of which may, in turn, impact the value of, and cash flows on, any mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae, including any such mortgage-backed securities held by the Fund.
As a result of the economic recession that commenced in the U.S. in 2008, there is a heightened risk that the receivables and loans underlying the asset-backed securities purchased by the Fund may suffer greater levels of default than was historically experienced.
In addition, privately issued mortgage-backed securities (as well as other types of asset-backed securities) do not have the backing of any U.S. government agency, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise. The seller or servicer of the underlying mortgage obligations generally will make representations and warranties to certificate-holders as to certain characteristics of the mortgage loans and as to the accuracy of certain information furnished to the trustee in respect of each such mortgage loan. Upon a breach of any representation or warranty that materially and adversely affects the interests of the related certificate-holders in a mortgage loan, the seller or servicer generally will be obligated either to cure the breach in all material respects, to repurchase the mortgage loan or, if the related agreement so provides, to substitute in its place a mortgage loan pursuant to the conditions set forth therein. Such a repurchase or substitution obligation may constitute the sole remedy available to the related certificate-holders or the trustee for the material breach of any such representation or warranty by the seller or servicer. To provide additional investor protection, some mortgage-backed securities may have various types of credit enhancements, reserve funds, subordination provisions or other features. Non-mortgage asset-backed securities involve certain risks that are not presented by mortgage-backed securities. Primarily, these securities do not have the benefit of the same security interest in the underlying collateral. Credit card receivables generally are unsecured and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which have given debtors the right to set off certain amounts owed on the credit cards, thereby reducing the balance due. Most issuers of automobile receivables permit the servicers to retain
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possession of the underlying obligations. If the servicer were to sell these obligations to another party, there is a risk that the purchaser would acquire an interest superior to that of the holders of the related automobile receivables. In addition, because of the large number of vehicles involved in a typical issuance and technical requirements under state laws, the trustee for the holders of the automobile receivables may not have an effective security interest in all of the obligations backing such receivables. Therefore, there is a possibility that recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be able to support payments on these securities.
To the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies, the Fund may invest in a category of pass-through securities backed by pools of mortgages and issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, or Ginnie Mae. In the basic mortgage-backed pass-through structure, mortgages with similar issuer, term and coupon characteristics are collected and aggregated into a pool consisting of multiple mortgage loans. The pool is assigned a CUSIP number and undivided interests in the pool are traded and sold as pass-through securities.
An investment in a specific pool of pass-through securities requires an analysis of the specific prepayment risk of mortgages within the covered pool (since mortgagors typically have the option to prepay their loans). The level of prepayments on a pool of mortgage securities is difficult to predict and can impact the subsequent cash flows and value of the mortgage pool. In addition, when trading specific mortgage pools, precise execution, delivery and settlement arrangements must be negotiated for each transaction.
The Fund seeks to obtain exposure to U.S. agency mortgage-backed pass-through securities, in whole or in part, through the use of TBA Transactions. TBA refers to a commonly used mechanism for the forward settlement of U.S. agency mortgage-backed pass-through securities, and not to a separate type of mortgage-back security. Most transactions in fixed-rate mortgage-backed pass-through securities occur through the use of TBA Transactions. TBA Transactions generally are conducted in accordance with widely-accepted guidelines which establish commonly observed terms and conditions for execution, settlement and delivery. In a TBA Transaction, the buyer and seller decide on general trade parameters, such as agency, settlement date, par amount and price. The actual pools delivered generally are determined two days prior to settlement date. The Fund may use TBA transactions in several ways. For example, the Fund may regularly enter into TBA agreements and roll over such agreements prior to the settlement date stipulated in such agreements. This type of TBA transaction is sometimes known as a TBA Roll. In a TBA Roll, the Fund generally will sell the obligation to purchase the pools stipulated in the TBA Agreement prior to the stipulated settlement date and will enter into a new TBA agreement for future delivery of pools of mortgage-backed pass-through securities. In addition, the Fund may enter into TBA agreements and settle such transactions on the stipulated settlement date by accepting actual receipt or delivery of the pools of mortgage-backed securities stipulated in the TBA agreement. The Fund is not required to use TBA Transactions to gain exposure to mortgage pools, and may choose to purchase those interests in any manner believed by the Investment Adviser to be in the best interest of the Fund. The Funds use of TBA rolls may cause the Fund to experience higher portfolio turnover, higher transaction costs and to pay higher capital gain distributions to shareholders (which may be taxable) than other FlexShares Funds that not use TBA rolls.
The Fund intends to invest cash pending settlement of any TBA Transactions in money market instruments, repurchase agreements or other high-quality, liquid short-term instruments, which may include money market funds advised by the Investment Adviser. The Fund will assume its pro rata share of fees and expenses of any money market fund that it may invest in, in addition to the each Funds own fees and expenses. Although money market funds generally seek to preserve the value of their shares at $1.00 per share, it is possible that the Fund could lose money by investing in a money market fund. Investments in money market funds have traditionally not and currently are not federally insured.
Default by or bankruptcy of a counterparty to a TBA Transaction would expose the Fund to possible losses because of adverse market action, expenses or delays in connection with the purchase or sale of the pools of mortgage pass-through securities specified in the TBA Transaction. To minimize this risk, the Fund will enter into TBA Transactions only with established counterparties (such as major broker-dealers) and the Investment
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Adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of such counterparties. In addition, the Fund may accept assignments of TBA Transactions from Authorized Participants from time to time.
BANK CAPITAL SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in bank capital securities. Bank capital securities are issued by banks to help fulfill their regulatory capital requirements. There are two common types of bank capital: Tier I and Tier II. Bank capital is generally, but not always, of investment grade quality. Tier I securities often take the form of trust preferred securities. Tier II securities are commonly thought of as hybrids of debt and preferred stock, are often perpetual (with no maturity date), callable and, under certain conditions, allow for the issuer bank to withhold payment of interest until a later date.
BONDS. The Fund may invest in bonds. A bond is an interest-bearing security issued by a company, governmental unit or, in some cases, a non-U.S. public or private entity. The issuer of a bond has a contractual obligation to pay interest at a stated rate on specific dates and to repay principal (the bonds face value) periodically or on a specified maturity date. An issuer may have the right to redeem or call a bond before maturity, in which case the investor may have to reinvest the proceeds at lower market rates. Most bonds bear interest income at a coupon rate that is fixed for the life of the bond. The value of a fixed rate bond usually rises when market interest rates fall, and falls when market interest rates rise. Accordingly, a fixed rate bonds yield (income as a percent of the bonds current value) may differ from its coupon rate as its value rises or falls. Other types of bonds bear income at an interest rate that is adjusted periodically. Because of their adjustable interest rates, the value of floating-rate or variable-rate bonds fluctuates much less in response to market interest rate movements than the value of fixed rate bonds. The Fund may treat some of these bonds as having a shorter maturity for purposes of calculating the weighted average maturity of its investment portfolio. Bonds may be senior or subordinated obligations. Senior obligations generally have the first claim on a corporations earnings and assets and, in the event of liquidation, are paid before subordinated obligations. Bonds may be unsecured (backed only by the issuers general creditworthiness) or secured (also backed by specified collateral).
CALCULATION OF PORTFOLIO TURNOVER RATE. The portfolio turnover rate for the Fund is calculated by dividing the lesser of purchases or sales of portfolio investments for the reporting period by the monthly average value of the portfolio investments owned during the reporting period. The calculation excludes all securities whose maturities or expiration dates at the time of acquisition are one year or less. Portfolio turnover may vary greatly from year to year as well as within a particular year, and may be affected by changes in the holdings of specific issuers, changes in country weightings, cash requirements for redemption of shares and by requirements which enable the Fund to receive favorable tax treatment.
The Fund is not restricted by policy with regard to portfolio turnover and will make changes in its investment portfolio from time to time as business and economic conditions as well as market prices may dictate.
COMMERCIAL PAPER, BANKERS ACCEPTANCES, CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT, TIME DEPOSITS AND BANK NOTES. The Fund may invest in commercial paper, bankers acceptances, certificates of deposit, time deposits and bank notes. Commercial paper represents short-term unsecured promissory notes issued in bearer form by banks or bank holding companies, corporations and finance companies. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are accepted by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Fixed time deposits are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties that vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in a fixed time deposit to a third party. Bank notes generally rank junior to deposit liabilities of banks and pari passu with other senior, unsecured obligations of the bank. Bank notes are classified as other borrowings on a banks balance sheet, while deposit notes and certificates of deposit are classified as deposits. Bank notes are not insured by the FDIC or any other insurer. Deposit notes are insured by the FDIC only to the extent of $250,000 per depositor per bank.
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The Fund may invest a portion of its assets in the obligations of foreign banks and foreign branches of domestic banks. Such obligations include Eurodollar Certificates of Deposit (ECDs), which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by offices of foreign and domestic banks located outside the United States; Eurodollar Time Deposits (ETDs), which are U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in a foreign branch of a U.S. bank or a foreign bank; Canadian Time Deposits (CTDs), which are essentially the same as ETDs except they are issued by Canadian offices of major Canadian banks; Schedule Bs, which are obligations issued by Canadian branches of foreign or domestic banks; Yankee Certificates of Deposit (Yankee CDs), which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by a U.S. branch of a foreign bank and held in the United States; and Yankee Bankers Acceptances (Yankee BAs), which are U.S. dollar denominated bankers acceptances issued by a U.S. branch of a foreign bank and held in the United States.
Commercial paper purchased by the Fund may include asset-backed commercial paper. Asset-backed commercial paper is issued by a special purpose entity that is organized to issue the commercial paper and to purchase trade receivables or other financial assets. The credit quality of asset-backed commercial paper depends primarily on the quality of these assets and the level of any additional credit support.
CUSTODIAL RECEIPTS FOR TREASURY SECURITIES. To the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies, the Fund may acquire U.S. government obligations and their unmatured interest coupons that have been separated (stripped) by their holder, typically a custodian bank or investment brokerage firm. Having separated the interest coupons from the underlying principal of the U.S. government obligations, the holder will resell the stripped securities in custodial receipt programs with a number of different names, including Treasury Income Growth Receipts (TIGRs) and Certificate of Accrual on Treasury Securities (CATS). The stripped coupons are sold separately from the underlying principal, which usually is sold at a deep discount because the buyer receives only the right to receive a future fixed payment on the security and does not receive any rights to periodic interest (cash) payments. The underlying U.S. Treasury bonds and notes themselves are held in book-entry form at the Federal Reserve Bank or, in the case of bearer securities (i.e., unregistered securities which are ostensibly owned by the bearer or holder), in trust on behalf of the owners. Counsel to the underwriters of these certificates or other evidences of ownership of U.S. Treasury securities have stated that, in their opinion, purchasers of the stripped securities most likely will be deemed the beneficial holders of the underlying U.S. government obligations for federal tax purposes. The Trust is unaware of any binding legislative, judicial or administrative authority on this issue.
CYBER SECURITY ISSUES. With the increased use of the Internet and because information technology (IT) systems and digital data underlie most of the Funds operations, the Fund and the Adviser, the Administrator, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor, Authorized Participants, and the Funds other service providers and the vendors of each (collectively Service Providers) are exposed to the risk that their operations and data may be compromised as a result of internal and external cyber-failures, breaches or attacks (Cyber Risk). This could occur as a result of malicious or criminal cyber-attacks. Cyber-attacks include actions taken to: (i) steal or corrupt data maintained online or digitally, (ii) gain unauthorized access to or release confidential information, (iii) shut down the Fund or Service Provider website through denial-of-service attacks, or (iv) otherwise disrupt normal business operations. However, events arising from human error, faulty or inadequately implemented policies and procedures or other systems failures unrelated to any external cyber-threat may have effects similar to those caused by deliberate cyber-attacks.
Successful cyber-attacks or other cyber-failures or events affecting the Fund or its Service Providers may adversely impact the Fund or its shareholders or cause your investment in the Fund to lose value. For instance, they may impact the Funds ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of confidential Fund information, impede trading, or cause reputational damage. They could also subject the Fund or its Service Providers to regulatory fines, penalties or financial losses, reimbursement or other compensation costs, and/or additional compliance costs. Insurance protection and contractual indemnification provisions may not be available or may be insufficient to cover these losses. The Fund or its Service Providers may also incur significant costs to manage and control Cyber Risk.
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Cyber Risks are also present for issuers of securities or other instruments in which the Fund invests, which could result in material adverse consequences for such issuers, and may cause the Funds investment in such issuers to lose value.
While the Investment Adviser, Service Providers or Authorized Participants may have established business continuity plans and risk management systems to prevent such cyber attacks, there are inherent limitations in such plans and systems, including the possibility that certain risks have not been identified or that cyber attacks may be highly sophisticated. The Fund and its shareholders could be negatively impacted as a result.
EXCHANGE-TRADED NOTES. The Fund may invest in exchange-traded notes (ETNs). ETNs are debt obligations of investment banks which are traded on exchanges and the returns of which are linked to the performance of market indexes. In addition to trading ETNs on exchanges, investors may redeem ETNs directly with the issuer on a weekly basis, typically in a minimum amount of 50,000 units, or hold the ETNs until maturity. ETNs may be riskier than ordinary debt securities and may have no principal protection. The Funds investment in an ETN may be influenced by many unpredictable factors, including highly volatile commodities prices, changes in supply and demand relationships, weather, agriculture, trade, changes in interest rates, and monetary and other governmental policies, action and inaction. Investing in ETNs is not equivalent to investing directly in index components or the relevant index itself. Because ETNs are debt securities, they possess credit risk; if the issuer has financial difficulties or goes bankrupt, the investor may not receive the return it was promised.
FIXED INCOME SECURITIES . The Fund seeks to achieve the investment objective by investing under normal circumstances at least 80% of its total assets in U.S. dollar denominated investment-grade fixed-income securities, including bonds, debt securities and other similar instruments issued by U.S. public and U.S and non-U.S. private sector entities. Fixed income securities, including corporate debt obligations, generally expose the Fund to the following types of risk: (1) interest rate risk (the potential for fluctuations in bond prices due to changing interest rates); (2) income risk (the potential for a decline in the Funds income due to falling market interest rates); (3) credit risk (the possibility that a bond issuer will fail to make timely payments of either interest or principal to the Fund); (4) prepayment risk or call risk (the likelihood that, during periods of falling interest rates, securities with high stated interest rates will be prepaid, or called prior to maturity, requiring the Fund to invest the proceeds at generally lower interest rates); and (5) extension risk (the likelihood that as interest rates increase, slower than expected principal payments may extend the average life of fixed income securities, which will have the effect of locking in a below-market interest rate, increasing the securitys duration and reducing the value of the security).
In periods of declining interest rates, the yield (income from a fixed income security held by the Fund over a stated period of time) of a fixed income security may tend to be higher than prevailing market rates, and in periods of rising interest rates, the yield of a fixed income security may tend to be lower than prevailing market rates. In addition, when interest rates are falling, the inflow of net new money to the Fund will likely be invested in portfolio instruments producing lower yields than the balance of the Funds portfolio, thereby reducing the yield of the Fund. In periods of rising interest rates, the opposite can be true. The NAV of the Fund can generally be expected to change as general levels of interest rates fluctuate. The value of fixed income securities in the Funds portfolio generally varies inversely with changes in interest rates. Prices of fixed income securities with longer effective maturities are more sensitive to interest rate changes than those with shorter effective maturities.
Corporate debt obligations generally offer less current yield than securities of lower quality, but lower-quality securities generally have less liquidity, greater credit and market risk, and as a result, more price volatility.
Conditions in the U.S. and many foreign economies have resulted, and may continue to result, in fixed income instruments experiencing unusual liquidity issues, increased price volatility and, in some cases, credit downgrades and increased likelihood of default. These events have reduced the willingness and ability of some
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lenders to extend credit, and have made it more difficult for borrowers to obtain financing on attractive terms, if at all. As a result, the values of many types of securities have been reduced. In addition, global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibilities that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact issuers in a different country or region. The severity or duration of adverse economic conditions may also be affected by policy changes made by governments or quasi-governmental organizations. In addition, political events within the U.S. and abroad, such as the U.S. governments recent inability to agree on a long-term budget and deficit reduction plan, the federal government shutdown and threats to not increase the federal governments debt limit, may affect investor and consumer confidence and may adversely impact financial markets and the broader economy, perhaps suddenly and to a significant degree. High public debt in the U.S. and other countries creates ongoing systemic and market risks and policymaking uncertainty.
FORWARD COMMITMENTS, WHEN-ISSUED SECURITIES AND DELAYED-DELIVERY TRANSACTIONS. The Fund may purchase securities on a when-issued basis or purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment (sometimes called delayed-delivery) basis. These transactions involve a commitment by the Fund to purchase or sell securities at a future date. The price of the underlying securities (usually expressed in terms of yield) and the date when the securities will be delivered and paid for (the settlement date) are fixed at the time the transaction is negotiated. When-issued purchases and forward commitment transactions normally are negotiated directly with the other party.
The Fund will purchase securities on a when-issued basis or purchase or sell securities on a forward commitment basis only with the intention of completing the transaction and actually purchasing or selling the securities. If deemed advisable as a matter of investment strategy, however, the Fund may dispose of or negotiate a commitment after entering into it. The Fund also may sell securities it has committed to purchase before those securities are delivered to the Fund on the settlement date. The Fund may realize a capital gain or loss in connection with these transactions.
When the Fund purchases securities on a when-issued, delayed-delivery or forward commitment basis, the Fund will segregate liquid assets having a value (determined daily) at least equal to the amount of the Funds purchase commitments until three days prior to the settlement date, or will otherwise cover its position. These procedures are designed to ensure that the Fund will maintain sufficient assets at all times to cover its obligations under when-issued purchases, forward commitments and delayed-delivery transactions. For purposes of determining the Funds average dollar-weighted maturity, the maturity of when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment securities will be calculated from the commitment date.
FUTURES CONTRACTS AND RELATED OPTIONS. When necessary to manage the Funds exposure to interest-rate risks, the Fund may take short or long positions in U.S. Treasury futures or transact in interest rate swaps. The Fund may also invest in other interest rate futures contracts, including, but not limited to, Eurodollar and Federal Funds futures. An interest rate futures contract is an exchange-traded contract for which the reference instrument is an interest-bearing, fixed-income security or an inter-bank deposit. Two examples of common interest rate futures contracts are U.S. Treasury futures contracts and Eurodollar futures contracts. The reference instrument for a U.S. Treasury futures contract is a U.S. Treasury security. The reference instrument for a Eurodollar futures contract is the London Interbank Offered Rate (commonly referred to as LIBOR); Eurodollar futures contracts enable the purchaser to obtain a fixed rate for the lending of funds over a stated period of time and the seller to obtain a fixed rate for a borrowing of funds over that same period.
The Fund may purchase and sell call and put options on futures contracts. These futures contracts and options will be used to facilitate trading or to reduce transaction costs and to manage interest rate risk. The Fund will only enter into futures contracts and options on futures contracts that are traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange as applicable. The Fund will not use futures or options for speculative purposes.
The Trust, on behalf of the Fund, has claimed an exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator (CPO) under the Commodity Exchange Act, and, therefore, is not subject to registration or regulation
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as a commodity pool operator under that Act. The Investment Adviser is not subject to registration or regulations as a commodity pool operator with respect to the Fund under the Commodity Exchange Act. As a result, the Fund is limited in its ability to trade instruments subject to the Commodity Futures Trading Commissions (CFTCs) jurisdiction, including commodity futures (which include futures on broad-based securities indexes and interest rate futures), options on commodity futures, certain swaps or other investments (whether directly or indirectly through investments in other investment vehicles).
Under this exclusion, the Fund must satisfy one of the following two trading limitations whenever it enters into a new commodity trading position: (1) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish the Funds positions in CFTC-regulated instruments may not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Funds portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such investments); or (2) the aggregate net notional value of such instruments, determined at the time the most recent position was established, may not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Funds portfolio (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). The Fund would not be required to consider its exposure to such instruments if they were held for bona fide hedging purposes, as such term is defined in the rules of the CFTC. In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, the Fund may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the markets for CFTC-regulated instruments.
The Fund will engage in transactions in futures contracts and related options only to the extent such transactions are consistent with the requirement of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code) for maintaining its qualifications as regulated investment companies for federal income tax purposes.
Participation in foreign futures and foreign options transactions involves the execution and clearing of trades on or subject to the rules of a foreign board of trade. Neither the National Futures Association (the NFA) nor any domestic exchange regulates activities of any foreign boards of trade, including the execution, delivery and clearing of transactions, or has the power to compel enforcement of the rules of a foreign board of trade or any applicable foreign law. This is true even if the exchange is formally linked to a domestic market so that a position taken on the market may be liquidated by a transaction on another market. Moreover, such laws or regulations will vary depending on the foreign country in which the foreign futures or foreign options transaction occurs. For these reasons, persons who trade foreign futures or foreign options contracts may not be afforded certain of the protective measures provided by the Commodity Exchange Act, the CFTC regulations and the rules of the NFA and any domestic exchange, including the right to use reparations proceedings before the CFTC and arbitration proceedings provided them by the NFA or any domestic futures exchange. In particular, the Funds investments in foreign futures or foreign options transactions may not be provided the same protections in respect of transactions on United States futures exchanges. In addition, the price of any foreign futures or foreign options contract may be affected by any variance in the foreign exchange rate between the time an order is placed and the time it is liquidated, offset or exercised.
In connection with the Funds position in a futures contract or related option, the Fund will segregate liquid assets or will otherwise cover its position in accordance with applicable SEC requirements.
For a further description of futures contracts and related options, see Appendix B to this SAI.
HEDGING. The Fund may engage in hedging. Hedging is a strategy in which a derivative is used to offset the risks associated with other Fund holdings. Losses on the other investment may be substantially reduced by gains on a derivative that reacts in an opposite manner to market movements. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a manner different from that anticipated by the Fund or if the cost of the derivative outweighs the benefit of the hedge. Hedging also involves correlation risk, i.e., the risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match those of the holdings being hedged as expected by the Fund, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be reduced or may be increased. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an adverse impact on the Funds ability to hedge effectively its portfolio. There is also a risk of loss by the Fund of margin deposits or collateral in
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the event of bankruptcy of a broker with whom the Fund has an open position in an option, a futures contract or a related option.
ILLIQUID OR RESTRICTED SECURITIES. Illiquid securities generally are any securities that cannot be disposed of promptly and in the ordinary course of business within seven days at approximately the amount at which the Fund has valued the securities. The Fund may purchase commercial paper issued pursuant to Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and securities that are not registered under the Securities Act but can be sold to qualified institutional buyers in accordance with Rule 144A under the Securities Act (Rule 144A Securities). These securities will be considered illiquid. In addition, the aggregate value of all of the Funds illiquid securities, Rule 144A Securities, variable amount master demand notes, fixed and variable rate loan participations and assignments, inverse floaters, and long-term variable and floating rate bonds where the Fund obtains at the time of purchase the right to put the bond back to the issuer or a third party at par at a specified date will not exceed 15% of the Funds total assets.
INDEBTEDNESS, LOAN PARTICIPATIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS. The Fund may purchase indebtedness and participations in commercial loans. Such investments may be secured or unsecured. Indebtedness is different from traditional debt securities in that debt securities are part of a large issue of securities to the public and indebtedness may not be a security, but may represent a specific commercial loan to a borrower. Loan participations typically represent direct participation, together with other parties, in a loan to a corporate borrower, and generally are offered by banks or other financial institutions or lending syndicates. The Fund may participate in such syndications, or can buy part of a loan, becoming a part lender. When purchasing indebtedness and loan participations, the Fund assumes the credit risk associated with the corporate borrower and may assume the credit risk associated with an interposed bank or other financial intermediary. The indebtedness and loan participations in which the Fund intends to invest may not be rated by any nationally recognized rating service.
The Fund may invest in debtor-in-possession financings (commonly known as DIP financings). DIP financings are arranged when an entity seeks the protections of the bankruptcy court under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. These financings allow the entity to continue its business operations while reorganizing under Chapter 11. Such financings constitute senior liens on unencumbered security ( i.e. , security not subject to other creditors claims). There is a risk that the entity will not emerge from Chapter 11 and be forced to liquidate its assets under Chapter 7 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code. In the event of liquidation, the Funds only recourse will be against the property securing the DIP financing. A loan is often administered by an agent bank acting as agent for all holders. The agent bank administers the terms of the loan, as specified in the loan agreement. In addition, the agent bank is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest payments from the corporate borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions which are parties to the loan agreement. Unless, under the terms of the loan or other indebtedness, the Fund has direct recourse against the corporate borrower, the Fund may have to rely on the agent bank or other financial intermediary to apply appropriate credit remedies against a corporate borrower.
A financial institutions employment as agent bank might be terminated in the event that it fails to observe a requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor agent bank would generally be appointed to replace the terminated agent bank, and assets held by the agent bank under the loan agreement should remain available to holders of such indebtedness. However, if assets held by the agent bank for the benefit of the Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the agent banks general creditors, the Fund might incur certain costs and delays in realizing payment on a loan or loan participation and could suffer a loss of principal and/or interest. In situations involving other interposed financial institutions ( e.g. , an insurance company or governmental agency) similar risks may arise.
Purchasers of loans and other forms of direct indebtedness depend primarily upon the creditworthiness of the corporate borrower for payment of principal and interest. If the Fund does not receive scheduled interest or principal payments on such indebtedness, the Funds share price and yield could be adversely affected. Loans
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that are fully secured offer the Fund more protection than an unsecured loan in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. However, there is no assurance that the liquidation of collateral from a secured loan would satisfy the corporate borrowers obligation, or that the collateral can be liquidated.
The Fund may invest in loan participations with credit quality comparable to that of issuers of its securities investments. Indebtedness of companies whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks, and may be highly speculative. Some companies may never pay off their indebtedness, or may pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Consequently, when investing in indebtedness of companies with poor credit, the Fund bears a substantial risk of losing the entire amount invested.
Loans and other types of direct indebtedness may not be readily marketable and may be subject to restrictions on resale. In some cases, negotiations involved in disposing of indebtedness may require weeks to complete. Consequently, some indebtedness may be difficult or impossible to dispose of readily at what NTI believes to be a fair price. In addition, valuation of illiquid indebtedness involves a greater degree of judgment in determining the Funds net asset value than if that value were based on available market quotations, and could result in significant variations in the Funds daily share price. At the same time, some loan interests are traded among certain financial institutions and accordingly may be deemed liquid. As the market for different types of indebtedness develops, the liquidity of these instruments is expected to improve. In addition, the Fund currently intends to treat indebtedness for which there is no readily available market as illiquid for purposes of the Funds limitation on illiquid investments. Investments in loan participations are considered to be debt obligations for purposes of the Funds investment restriction relating to the lending of funds or assets by the Fund.
Investments in loans through a direct assignment of the financial institutions interests with respect to the loan may involve additional risks to the Fund. For example, if a loan is foreclosed, the Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. In addition, it is conceivable that under emerging legal theories of lender liability, the Fund could be held liable as co-lender. It is unclear whether loans and other forms of direct indebtedness offer securities law protections against fraud and misrepresentation. In the absence of definitive regulatory guidance, the Fund relies on NTIs research in an attempt to avoid situations where fraud or misrepresentation could adversely affect the Fund.
INFLATION-INDEXED SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS). Inflation-indexed securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have varying maturities and pay interest on a semiannual basis equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation-adjusted principal amount. If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-indexed bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-indexed bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. The Fund also may invest in other inflation-related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal amount.
The value of inflation-indexed bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation. Therefore, if the rate of inflation rises at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-indexed bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-indexed bonds. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation, investors in
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these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bonds inflation measure.
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-indexed bonds is tied to the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services.
The taxation of inflation-indexed Treasury securities is similar to the taxation of conventional bonds. Both interest payments and the difference between original principal and the inflation-adjusted principal will be treated as interest income subject to taxation. Interest payments are taxable when received or accrued. The inflation adjustment to the principal is subject to tax in the year the adjustment is made, not at maturity of the security when the cash from the repayment of principal is received. If an upward adjustment has been made (which typically should happen), investors in non-tax-deferred accounts will pay taxes on this amount currently. Decreases in the indexed principal can be deducted only from current or previous interest payments reported as income. Inflation-indexed Treasury securities therefore have a potential cash flow mismatch to an investor, because investors must pay taxes on the inflation-adjusted principal before the repayment of principal is received. It is possible that, particularly for high income tax bracket investors, inflation-indexed Treasury securities would not generate enough income in a given year to cover the tax liability they could create. This is similar to the current tax treatment for zero-coupon bonds and other discount securities. If inflation-indexed Treasury securities are sold prior to maturity, capital losses or gains are realized in the same manner as traditional bonds. The Fund, however, distributes income on a monthly basis. Investors in the Fund will receive dividends that represent both the interest payments and the principal adjustments of the inflation-indexed securities held in the Fund.
INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Fund may invest in the securities of Underlying Funds to the extent permitted by law, regulation, exemptive order or SEC staff guidance. Under the 1940 Act, the Funds investment in investment companies will be limited, subject to certain exceptions, so that, as determined after a purchase is made, either: (a) not more than 3% of the total outstanding stock of such investment company will be owned by the Fund, the Trust as a whole and its affiliated persons (as defined in the 1940 Act); or (b) (i) not more than 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund will be invested in the securities of any one investment company, (ii) not more than 10% of the value of the total assets of the Fund will be invested in the aggregate in securities of investment companies as a group, and (iii) not more than 3% of the outstanding voting stock of any one investment company will be owned by the Fund. To the extent allowed by law or regulation, the Fund intends from time to time to invest its assets in Underlying Funds, in excess of the limits discussed above. Pursuant to an exemptive order, the limits will not apply to the investment of securities lending collateral by the Fund in certain investment portfolios advised by NTI. In addition, these limits will not apply to the investment of uninvested cash balances in shares of registered or unregistered money market funds whether affiliated or unaffiliated. The foregoing exemption, however, only applies to an unregistered money market fund that (i) limits its investments to those in which a money market fund may invest under Rule 2a-7 of the 1940 Act, and (ii) undertakes to comply with all the other provisions of Rule 2a-7.
Investments by the Fund in other investment companies, including ETFs, will be subject to the limitations of the 1940 Act except as permitted by SEC exemptive orders. The Fund may rely on SEC orders that permit them to invest in certain ETFs beyond the limits contained in the 1940 Act, subject to certain terms and conditions. Generally, these terms and conditions require the Board to approve policies and procedures relating to certain of the Funds investments in ETFs. These policies and procedures require, among other things, that (i) the Investment Adviser conducts the Funds investment in ETFs without regard to any consideration received by the Fund or any of its affiliated persons and (ii) the Investment Adviser certifies to the Board quarterly that it has not received any consideration in connection with an investment by the Fund in an ETF, or if it has, the amount and purpose of the consideration will be reported to the Board and an equivalent amount of advisory fees shall be waived by the Investment Adviser.
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NTI has contractually agreed to waive Management Fees or reimburse certain expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (a) any acquired fund fees and expenses, if any, incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in acquired funds managed by NTI or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or under common control with NTI (Affiliated Funds); and (b) 0.05% or such lesser amount in acquired fund fees and expenses incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in acquired funds that are not Affiliated Funds, until November 14, 2017. The Funds Board of Trustees may terminate the contractual arrangements at any time if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders.
Certain investment companies whose securities are purchased by the Fund may not be obligated to redeem such securities in an amount exceeding 1% of the investment companys total outstanding securities during any period of less than 30 days. Therefore, such securities that exceed this amount may be illiquid.
If required by the 1940 Act and/or SEC exemptive orders, the Fund expects to vote the shares of other investment companies that are held by it in the same proportion as the vote of all other holders of such securities.
The Fund may adhere to other limitations with respect to its investments in securities issued by other investment companies if required or permitted by the SEC or deemed to be in the best interests of the Trust.
INVESTMENTS IN ETFs. Shares of ETFs are listed for trading on national securities exchanges and trade throughout the day on those exchanges and other secondary markets. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the national securities exchanges necessary to maintain the listing of shares of the ETFs will continue to be met. A national securities exchange may, but is not required to, remove the shares of the ETFs from listing if (1) following the initial twelve-month period beginning upon the commencement of trading of an ETF, there are fewer than fifty (50) record and/or beneficial holders of such ETF for thirty (30) or more consecutive trading days; (2) the value of the underlying index on which an ETF is based is no longer calculated or available; (3) the IOPV of an ETF is no longer calculated or available; or (4) any other event shall occur or condition exist that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. A national securities exchange will remove the shares of an ETF from listing and trading upon termination of the ETF. Shares of each ETF trade on exchanges at prices at, above or below their most recent NAV. The per share NAV of each ETF is calculated at the end of each business day and fluctuates with changes in the market value of such ETFs holdings since the most recent calculation. The trading prices of an ETFs shares fluctuate continuously throughout trading hours based on market supply and demand rather than NAV. The trading prices of an ETFs shares may deviate significantly from its NAV during periods of market volatility. Any of these factors may lead to an ETFs shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV. Exchange prices are not expected to correlate exactly with an ETFs NAV due to timing reasons as well as market supply and demand factors. In addition, disruptions to an ETFs creations and redemptions or the existence of extreme market volatility may result in trading prices of ETF shares that differ significantly from NAV. If the Fund purchases shares of ETFs at a time when the market price of an ETFs shares are at a premium to the NAV or sells at a time when the market price of an ETF is at a discount to the NAV, then the Fund may sustain losses.
MISCELLANEOUS. Securities may be purchased on margin only to obtain such short-term credits as necessary for the clearance of purchase and sales of securities.
MORTGAGE DOLLAR ROLLS. The Fund may enter into mortgage dollar rolls in which the Fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase similar (same type, coupon and maturity), but not identical, securities on a specified future date. The Fund gives up the right to receive principal and interest paid on the securities sold. However, the Fund would benefit to the extent of any difference between the price received for the securities sold and the lower forward price for the future purchase (often referred to as the drop) or fee income plus the interest earned on the cash proceeds of the securities sold until the settlement date of the forward purchase. Unless such benefits exceed the income, capital appreciation, and gain or loss due to mortgage prepayments that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the mortgage dollar roll, the use of this technique will diminish the investment
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performance of the Fund. The Fund will hold and maintain in a segregated account until the settlement date cash or liquid assets in an amount equal to the forward purchase price. The benefits derived from the use of mortgage dollar rolls may depend upon the Investment Advisers ability to correctly predict mortgage prepayments and interest rates. There is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed.
For financial reporting and tax purposes, the Fund proposes to treat mortgage dollar rolls as two separate transactions; one transaction involving the purchase of a security and a separate transaction involving a sale. The Fund currently does not intend to enter into mortgage dollar rolls that are accounted for as a financing.
Mortgage dollar rolls involve certain risks, including the following: if the broker-dealer to whom the Fund sells the security becomes insolvent, the Funds right to purchase or repurchase the mortgage-related securities subject to the mortgage dollar roll may be restricted. Also, the instrument that the Fund is required to repurchase may be worth less than an instrument which the Fund originally held. Successful use of mortgage dollar rolls will depend upon the Investment Advisers ability to manage the Funds interest rate and mortgage prepayments exposure. For these reasons, there is no assurance that mortgage dollar rolls can be successfully employed. The use of this technique may diminish the investment performance of the Fund compared with what such performance would have been without the use of mortgage dollar rolls.
OPERATIONAL RISK . The Investment Adviser and other Fund service providers may experience disruptions or operating errors that could negatively impact the Fund. While service providers are required to have appropriate operational risk management policies and procedures, their methods of operational risk management may differ from the Funds in the setting of priorities, the personnel and resources available or the effectiveness of relevant controls. The Investment Adviser, through its monitoring and oversight of service providers, seeks to ensure that service providers take appropriate precautions to avoid and mitigate risks that could lead to disruptions and operating errors. However, it is not possible for the Investment Adviser or the other Fund service providers to identify all of the operational risks that may affect the Fund or to develop processes and controls to completely eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects.
OPTIONS . The Fund may buy put options, buy call options and write covered call and secured put options if NTI believes that it will help the Fund achieve its investment objective. These options may relate to particular securities, foreign and domestic stock indexes, financial instruments, or the yield differential between two securities (yield curve options) and may or may not be listed on a domestic or foreign securities exchange or issued by the Options Clearing Corporation. A call option for a particular security gives the purchaser of the option the right to buy, and a writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the stated exercise price prior to the expiration of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. The premium paid to the writer is in consideration for undertaking the obligation under the option contract. A put option for a particular security gives the purchaser the right to sell the security at the stated exercise price to the expiration date of the option, regardless of the market price of the security. In contrast to an option on a particular security, an option on an index provides the holder with the right to make or receive a cash settlement upon exercise of the option. The amount of this settlement will be equal to the difference between the closing price of the index at the time of exercise and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars, times a specified multiple.
Options trading is a highly specialized activity, which entails greater than ordinary investment risk. Options on particular securities may be more volatile than the underlying instruments and, therefore, on a percentage basis, an investment in options may be subject to greater fluctuation than an investment in the underlying instruments themselves.
The Fund will write call options only if they are covered. In the case of a call option on a security, the option is covered if the Fund owns the security underlying the call or has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, liquid assets in such amount are segregated) upon conversion or exchange of other securities held by it. For a call option on an index, the option is covered if the Fund maintains with its custodian a portfolio of securities
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substantially replicating the index, or liquid assets equal to the contract value. A call option also is covered if the Fund holds a call on the same security or index as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is: (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written; or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written provided the Fund segregates liquid assets in the amount of the difference.
All put options written by the Fund would be covered, which means that the Fund will segregate cash or liquid assets with a value at least equal to the exercise price of the put option or will use the other methods described in the next sentence. A put option also is covered if the Fund holds a put option on the same security as the option written where the exercise price of the option held is: (i) equal to or higher than the exercise price of the option written; or (ii) less than the exercise price of the option written provided the Fund segregates liquid assets in the amount of the difference.
With respect to yield curve options, a call (or put) option is covered if the Fund holds another call (or put) option on the spread between the same two securities and segregates liquid assets sufficient to cover the Funds net liability under the two options. Therefore, the Funds liability for such a covered option generally is limited to the difference between the amount of the Funds liability under the option written by the Fund less the value of the option held by the Fund. Yield curve options also may be covered in such other manner as may be in accordance with the requirements of the counterparty with which the option is traded and applicable laws and regulations.
The Funds obligation to sell subject to a covered call option written by it, or to purchase a security subject to a secured put option written by it, may be terminated prior to the expiration date of the option by the Funds execution of a closing purchase transaction, which is effected by purchasing on an exchange an option of the same series (i.e., same underlying security, exercise price and expiration date) as the option previously written. Such a purchase does not result in the ownership of an option. A closing purchase transaction will ordinarily be effected to realize a profit on an outstanding option, to prevent an underlying instrument from being called, to permit the sale of the underlying security or to permit the writing of a new option containing different terms on such underlying security. The cost of such a liquidation purchase plus transaction costs may be greater than the premium received upon the original option, in which event the Fund will have incurred a loss in the transaction. There is no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for any particular option. An option writer, unable to effect a closing purchase transaction, will not be able to sell the underlying security (in the case of a covered call option) or liquidate the segregated assets (in the case of a secured put option) until the option expires or the optioned security is delivered upon exercise with the result that the writer in such circumstances will be subject to the risk of market decline or appreciation in the instrument during such period.
When the Fund purchases an option, the premium paid by it is recorded as an asset of the Fund. When the Fund writes an option, an amount equal to the net premium (the premium less the commission) received by the Fund is included in the liability section of the Funds statement of assets and liabilities as a deferred credit. The amount of this asset or deferred credit will be subsequently marked-to-market to reflect the current value of the option purchased or written. The current value of the traded option is the last sale price or, in the absence of a sale, the current bid price. If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a loss equal to the premium paid. If the Fund enters into a closing sale transaction on an option purchased by it, the Fund will realize a gain if the premium received by the Fund on the closing transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, or a loss if it is less. If an option written by the Fund expires on the stipulated expiration date or if the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction, it will realize a gain (or loss if the cost of a closing purchase transaction exceeds the net premium received when the option is sold) and the deferred credit related to such option will be eliminated. If an option written by the Fund is exercised, the proceeds of the sale will be increased by the net premium originally received and the Fund will realize a gain or loss.
There are several risks associated with transactions in certain options. For example, there are significant differences between the securities and options markets that could result in an imperfect correlation between these markets, causing a given transaction not to achieve its objectives. In addition, a liquid secondary market for
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particular options, whether traded over-the-counter or on an exchange, may be absent for reasons which include the following: there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; restrictions may be imposed by an exchange on opening transactions or closing transactions or both; trading halts, suspensions or other restrictions may be imposed with respect to particular classes or series of options or underlying securities or currencies; unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal operations on an exchange; the facilities of an exchange or the Options Clearing Corporation may not at all times be adequate to handle current trading value; or one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or a particular class or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in that class or series of options) would cease to exist, although outstanding options that had been issued by the Options Clearing Corporation as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. To the extent consistent with its investment policies, the Fund may agree to purchase portfolio securities from financial institutions subject to the sellers agreement to repurchase them at a mutually agreed upon date and price (repurchase agreements). Repurchase agreements are considered to be loans under the 1940 Act. Although the securities subject to a repurchase agreement may bear maturities exceeding one year, settlement for the repurchase agreement will never be more than one year after the Funds acquisition of the securities and normally will be within a shorter period of time. Securities subject to repurchase agreements normally are held either by the Trusts custodian or sub-custodian (if any), or in the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book-Entry System. The seller under a repurchase agreement will be required to maintain the value of the securities subject to the agreement in an amount exceeding the repurchase price (including accrued interest). Default by the seller would, however, expose the Fund to possible loss because of adverse market action or delay in connection with the disposition of the underlying obligations. In addition, in the event of a bankruptcy, the Fund could suffer additional losses if a court determines that the Funds interest in the collateral is unenforceable. If the Fund enters into a repurchase agreement with a foreign financial institution, it may also be subject to risks associated with foreign investments.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. To the extent consistent with its investment policies, the Fund may borrow funds by selling portfolio securities to financial institutions such as banks and broker/dealers and agreeing to repurchase them at a mutually specified date and price (reverse repurchase agreements). The Fund may use the proceeds of reverse repurchase agreements to purchase other securities either maturing, or under an agreement to resell, on a date simultaneous with or prior to the expiration of the reverse repurchase agreement. Reverse repurchase agreements are considered to be borrowings under the 1940 Act. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the risk that the market value of the securities sold by the Fund may decline below the repurchase price. The Fund will pay interest on amounts obtained pursuant to a reverse repurchase agreement. While reverse repurchase agreements are outstanding, the Fund will segregate liquid assets in an amount at least equal to the market value of the securities, plus accrued interest, subject to the agreement.
RISKS RELATED TO MEDIUM AND LOWER QUALITY SECURITIES. To the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies, the Fund may invest in or hold medium and lower quality securities. Fixed-income securities rated Baa3 or BBB- are considered medium quality obligations with speculative characteristics. Fixed-income securities rated below Baa3 or BBB- are considered lower quality and are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. Investment grade bonds are rated at least Baa3 by Moodys Investor Service, Inc. (Moodys) or BBB- by S&P Global Ratings (S&P) , the equivalent by another NRSRO or, if unrated, of equal quality in the opinion of the Investment Adviser. Investments in medium and lower quality securities present special risk considerations. Medium quality securities, although considered investment grade, also are considered to have speculative characteristics. Lower quality securities are considered predominantly speculative by traditional investment standards. In some cases, these lower quality obligations may be highly speculative and have poor prospects for reaching investment grade standard. While any investment carries some risk, certain risks associated with lower quality securities are different than those for investment-grade securities. The risk of loss through default is greater because lower quality securities usually are unsecured and are often subordinate to an issuers other obligations. Additionally, the issuers of these
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securities frequently have high debt levels and are thus more sensitive to difficult economic conditions, individual corporate developments and rising interest rates. Consequently, the market price of these securities may be quite volatile and may result in wider fluctuations of the Funds NAV per share.
There remains some uncertainty about the performance level of the market for lower quality securities under adverse market and economic environments. An economic downturn or increase in interest rates could have a negative impact on both the market for lower quality securities (resulting in a greater number of bond defaults) and the value of lower quality securities held in the portfolio of investments.
The economy and interest rates can affect lower quality securities differently than other securities. For example, the prices of lower quality securities are more sensitive to adverse economic changes or individual corporate developments than are the prices of higher quality investments. In addition, during an economic downturn or period in which interest rates are rising significantly, highly leveraged issuers may experience financial difficulties, which, in turn, would adversely affect their ability to service their principal and interest payment obligations, meet projected business goals and obtain additional financing.
The market value of lower quality securities tends to reflect individual corporate developments to a greater extent than that of higher quality securities, which react primarily to fluctuations in the general level of interest rates. Lower quality securities are often issued in connection with a corporate reorganization or restructuring or as a part of a merger, acquisition, takeover or similar event. They also are issued by less established companies seeking to expand. Such issuers are often highly leveraged, may not have available to them more traditional methods of financing and generally are less able than more established or less leveraged entities to make scheduled payments of principal and interest in the event of adverse economic developments or business conditions.
A holders risk of loss from default is significantly greater for lower quality securities than is the case for holders of other debt securities because such securities generally are unsecured and are often subordinated to the rights of other creditors of the issuers of such securities. Investment by the Fund in defaulted securities poses additional risk of loss should nonpayment of principal and interest continue in respect of such securities. Even if such securities are held to maturity, recovery by the Fund of its initial investment and any anticipated income or appreciation will be uncertain. The Fund also may incur additional expenses in seeking recovery on defaulted securities. If an issuer of a security defaults, the Fund may incur additional expenses to seek recovery. In addition, periods of economic uncertainty would likely result in increased volatility for the market prices of lower quality securities as well as the Funds NAV. In general, both the prices and yields of lower quality securities will fluctuate.
The secondary market for lower quality securities is concentrated in relatively few market makers and is dominated by institutional investors, including mutual funds, insurance companies and other financial institutions. Accordingly, the secondary market for such securities is not as liquid as, and is more volatile than, the secondary market for higher quality securities. In addition, market trading volume for high yield fixed-income securities generally is lower and the secondary market for such securities could contract under adverse market or economic conditions, independent of any specific adverse changes in the condition of a particular issuer. These factors may have an adverse effect on the market price and the Funds ability to dispose of particular portfolio investments. A less developed secondary market also may make it more difficult for the Fund to obtain precise valuations of the high yield securities in its portfolio.
The adoption of new legislation could adversely affect the secondary market for high yield securities and the financial condition of issuers of these securities. The form of any future legislation, and the probability of such legislation being enacted, is uncertain.
In certain circumstances, it may be difficult to determine a securitys fair value due to a lack of reliable objective information. Such instances occur where there is not an established secondary market for the security
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or the security is lightly traded. As a result, the Funds valuation of a security and the price it is actually able to obtain when it sells the security could differ.
Adverse publicity and investor perceptions, whether or not based on fundamental analysis, may decrease the value and liquidity of lower-quality convertible securities held by the Fund, especially in a thinly traded market. Illiquid or restricted securities held by the Fund may involve special registration responsibilities, liabilities and costs, and could involve other liquidity and valuation difficulties.
The ratings of S&P, Dominion Bond Rating Service Limited (Dominion), Moodys and Fitch evaluate the safety of a lower quality securitys principal and interest payments, but do not address market value risk. Because the ratings of the rating agencies may not always reflect current conditions and events, in addition to using recognized rating agencies and other sources, the Investment Adviser performs its own analysis of the issuers whose lower quality securities the Fund purchases. Because of this, the Funds performance may depend more on the Investment Advisers credit analysis than is the case of funds investing in higher quality securities.
In determining whether the Fund should continue to hold a security that has been downgraded to a lower quality security subsequent to its purchase by the Fund, the Investment Adviser considers factors such as those relating to the creditworthiness of issuers, the ratings and performance of the securities, the protections afforded the securities and the diversity of the Funds investment portfolio. The Investment Adviser monitors the issuers of lower quality securities held by the Fund for their ability to make required principal and interest payments, as well as in an effort to control the liquidity of the Fund so that it can meet redemption requests.
SECURITIES LENDING. In order to generate additional income, the Fund may lend securities to banks, brokers and dealers or other qualified institutions. In exchange, the Fund will receive collateral equal to at least 100% of the value of the securities loaned. Securities lending may represent no more than one-third of the value of the Funds total assets (including the loan collateral).
Collateral for loans of portfolio securities made by the Fund may consist of cash, cash equivalents, securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies or irrevocable bank letters of credit (or any combination thereof). Any cash collateral received by the Fund in connection with these loans may be invested in a variety of short-term investments, either directly or indirectly through registered or unregistered money market funds. Loan collateral (including any investment of the collateral) is not included in the calculation of the percentage limitations described elsewhere in the Prospectus or SAI regarding the Funds investments in particular types of securities. The borrower of securities will be required to maintain the market value of the collateral at not less than the market value of the loaned securities, and such value will be monitored on a daily basis.
When the Fund lends its securities, it continues to receive payments equal to the dividends and interest paid on the securities loaned and simultaneously may earn interest on the investment of the cash collateral. Investing the collateral subjects it to market depreciation or appreciation, and the Fund is responsible for any loss that may result from its investment in borrowed collateral. Additionally, the amount of the Funds distributions that qualify for taxation at reduced long-term capital gains rates for individuals, as well as the amount of the Funds distributions that qualify for the dividends received deduction available to corporate shareholders (together, qualifying dividends) may be reduced as a result of the Funds securities lending activities. This is because any dividends paid on securities while on loan will not be deemed to have been received by the Fund, and the equivalent amount paid to the Fund by the borrower of the securities will not be deemed to be a qualifying dividend.
The Fund will have the right to terminate a loan at any time and recall the loaned securities within the normal and customary settlement time for securities transactions. Although voting rights, or rights to consent, attendant to securities on loan pass to the borrower, such loans may be called so that the securities may be voted by the Fund if a material event affecting the investment is to occur. As with other extensions of credit there are
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risks of delay in recovering, or even loss of rights in, the collateral should the borrower of the securities fail financially.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (JPMorgan) serves as securities lending agent for the Fund. For such services, JPMorgan receives a percentage of securities lending revenue generated for the Fund.
SECURITIES OF NON-U.S. ISSUERS. The Fund may invest in U.S.-registered U.S. dollar-denominated bonds of non-U.S corporate issuers. The Fund also may invest in U.S. dollar-denominated bonds of non-U.S. corporate issuers offered pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, with registration rights. Investing in such securities involves some risks and considerations not typically associated with investing in U.S. issuers. Investment in foreign securities involves special risks. These include market risk, interest rate risk and the risks of investing in securities of foreign issuers and of companies whose securities are principally traded outside the United States on foreign exchanges or foreign over-the-counter markets and in investments denominated in foreign currencies. Market risk involves the possibility that security prices will decline over short or even extended periods. The markets tend to be cyclical, with periods of generally rising prices and periods of generally declining prices. These cycles will affect the value of the Fund to the extent that it invests in foreign securities.
The Fund may invest its assets in the securities of issuers located in geographic regions with securities markets that are highly developed, liquid and subject to extensive regulation, including Europe and Japan. The Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union (EU) requires compliance with restrictions on inflation rates, deficits, interest rates, debt levels and fiscal and monetary controls, each of which may significantly affect every country in Europe. Decreasing imports or exports, changes in governmental or EU regulations on trade, changes in the exchange rate of the euro, the default or threat of default by an EU member country on its sovereign debt, and recessions in EU economies may have a significant adverse effect on the economies of EU member countries and their trading partners. The European financial markets have recently experienced volatility and adverse trends due to concerns about the rising government debt levels of several European countries, including Greece, Spain, Ireland, Italy and Portugal. Recent concerns over the level and sustainability of the sovereign debt of the United States have aggravated this volatility. A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that countrys debt and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that countrys creditworthiness, which may be located in countries other than those listed above. These events have adversely affected the value and exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect the economies of every country in Europe, including countries that do not use the euro and non-EU member countries.
The Fund may invest in countries with emerging economies or securities markets. These countries are generally located in the Asia and Pacific regions, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, Central America, South America and Africa. Political and economic structures in many of these countries may be undergoing significant evolution and rapid development, and these countries may lack the social, political and economic stability characteristics of more developed countries.
Unanticipated political, economic or social developments may affect the value of the Funds investments in emerging market countries and the availability to the Fund of additional investments in these countries. Some of these countries may have in the past failed to recognize private property rights and may have at times nationalized or expropriated the assets of private companies. There have been occasional limitations on the movements of funds and other assets between different countries. There may be little financial or accounting information available with respect to issuers located in certain parts of such countries, and it may be difficult as a result to assess the value or prospects of an investment in such issuers.
In certain countries, there may be fewer publicly traded securities and the market may be dominated by a few issues or sectors. Issuers and securities markets in such countries are not subject to as extensive and frequent accounting, financial and other reporting requirements or as comprehensive government regulations as are issuers
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and securities markets in the U.S. In particular, the assets and profits appearing on the financial statements of emerging country issuers may not reflect their financial position or results of operations in the same manner as financial statements for U.S. issuers. Substantially less information may be publicly available about emerging country issuers than is available about issuers in the United States.
Emerging country securities markets are typically marked by a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of ownership of such securities by a limited number of investors. The markets for securities in certain emerging countries are in the earliest stages of their development. Even the markets for relatively widely traded securities in emerging countries may not be able to absorb, without price disruptions, a significant increase in trading volume or trades of a size customarily undertaken by institutional investors in the securities markets of developed countries. The limited size of many of these securities markets can cause prices to be erratic for reasons apart from factors that affect the soundness and competitiveness of the securities issuers. For example, prices may be unduly influenced by traders who control large positions in these markets. Additionally, market making and arbitrage activities are generally less extensive in such markets, which may contribute to increased volatility and reduced liquidity of such markets. The limited liquidity of emerging country securities may also affect the Funds ability to accurately value its portfolio securities or to acquire or dispose of securities at the price and time it wishes to do so or in order to meet redemption requests.
Certain emerging market countries may have antiquated legal systems, which may adversely impact the Funds. For example, while the potential liability of a shareholder in a U.S. corporation with respect to acts of the corporation is generally limited to the amount of the shareholders investment, the notion of limited liability is less clear in certain emerging market countries. Similarly, the rights of investors in emerging market companies may be more limited than those of shareholders in U.S. corporations. In addition, the systems of corporate governance to which issuers in certain emerging countries are subject may be less advanced than the systems to which issuers located in more developed countries are subject, and therefore, shareholders of such issuers may not receive many of the protections available to shareholders of issuers located in more developed countries. These risks may be heightened in Russia.
Transaction costs, including brokerage commissions or dealer mark-ups, in emerging countries may be higher than in developed securities markets. In addition, existing laws and regulations are often inconsistently applied. As legal systems in emerging countries develop, foreign investors may be adversely affected by new or amended laws and regulations. In circumstances where adequate laws exist, it may not be possible to obtain swift and equitable enforcement of the law.
Emerging countries may be subject to a substantially greater degree of economic, political and social instability and disruption than more developed countries. This instability may result from, among other things, the following: (i) authoritarian governments or military involvement in political and economic decision making, including changes or attempted changes in governments through extra-constitutional means; (ii) social unrest associated with demands for improved political, economic or social conditions; (iii) internal insurgencies; (iv) hostile relations with neighboring countries; (v) ethnic, religious and racial disaffection or conflict; and (vi) the absence of developed legal structures governing foreign private investments and private property. A Funds investments can also be adversely affected by any increase in taxes or by political, economic or diplomatic developments.
The economies of emerging countries may suffer from unfavorable growth of gross domestic product, rates of inflation and hyperinflation, capital reinvestment, resources, self-sufficiency and balance of payments. Many emerging countries have experienced in the past, and continue to experience, high rates of inflation. In certain countries inflation has at times accelerated rapidly to hyperinflationary levels, creating a negative interest rate environment and sharply eroding the value of outstanding financial assets in those countries. Other emerging countries, on the other hand, have recently experienced deflationary pressures and are in economic recessions.
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The economies of many emerging countries are heavily dependent upon international trade and are accordingly affected by protective trade barriers and the economic conditions of their trading partners. In addition, the economies of some emerging countries are vulnerable to weakness in world prices for their commodity exports.
Risks related to currencies and corporate actions are also greater in emerging countries than in developed countries. For example, some emerging countries may have fixed or managed currencies that are not free-floating against the U.S. dollar. Certain emerging countries may experience sudden and large adjustments in their currency, which can have a disruptive and adverse effect on foreign investors. Some emerging countries have a higher risk of currency devaluations, and some of these countries may experience sustained periods of high inflation or rapid changes in inflation rates which can have negative effects on a countrys economy and securities markets. There may be no significant foreign exchange market for certain currencies making it difficult for the Funds to engage in foreign currency transactions. Some emerging countries may impose restrictions on the free conversion of their currencies into foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. Corporate action procedures in emerging countries may be less reliable and have limited or no involvement by the depositories and central banks. Lack of standard practices and payment systems can lead to significant delays in payment.
Many emerging countries are highly dependent on foreign loans for their operations. There have been moratoria on, and refinancing of, repayments with respect to these loans. Some of the refinancings have imposed restrictions and conditions on the economies of such nations that have adversely affected their economic growth.
SHORT-TERM INSTRUMENTS AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS. The Fund may invest in short-term instruments, including money market instruments, on an ongoing basis to provide liquidity or for other reasons. Money market instruments are generally short-term investments that may include but are not limited to: (i) shares of money market funds (including those advised by NTI); (ii) obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored enterprises); (iii) negotiable certificates of deposit (CDs), bankers acceptances, fixed time deposits, bank notes and other obligations of U.S. and foreign banks (including foreign branches) and similar institutions; (iv) commercial paper rated at the date of purchase Prime-1 by Moodys, A-1 by S&P or, if unrated, of comparable quality as determined by NTI; (v) non-convertible corporate debt securities (e.g., bonds and debentures) with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of not more than 397 days and that satisfy the rating requirements set forth in Rule 2a-7 under the 1940 Act; (vi) repurchase agreements; and (vii) short-term U.S. dollar-denominated obligations of foreign banks (including U.S. branches) that, in the opinion of NTI, are of comparable quality to obligations of U.S. banks which may be purchased by the Fund. Any of these instruments may be purchased on a current or a forward-settled basis.
Time deposits are non-negotiable deposits maintained in banking institutions for specified periods of time at stated interest rates. Bankers acceptances are time drafts drawn on commercial banks by borrowers, usually in connection with international transactions. Commercial paper represents short-term unsecured promissory notes issued in bearer form by banks or bank holding companies, corporations and finance companies. Certificates of deposit are negotiable certificates issued against funds deposited in a commercial bank for a definite period of time and earning a specified return. Bankers acceptances are negotiable drafts or bills of exchange, normally drawn by an importer or exporter to pay for specific merchandise, which are accepted by a bank, meaning, in effect, that the bank unconditionally agrees to pay the face value of the instrument on maturity. Fixed time deposits are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties that vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in a fixed time deposit to a third party. Bank notes generally rank junior to deposit liabilities of banks and pari passu with other senior, unsecured obligations of the bank. Bank notes are classified as other borrowings on a banks balance sheet, while deposit notes and certificates of deposit are classified as deposits. Bank notes are not insured by the FDIC or any other insurer. Deposit notes are insured by the FDIC only to the extent of $250,000 per depositor per bank.
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STANDBY COMMITMENTS. The Fund may enter into standby commitments with respect to municipal instruments held by the Fund. Under a standby commitment, a dealer agrees to purchase at the Funds option a specified municipal instrument. Standby commitments may be exercisable by the Fund at any time before the maturity of the underlying municipal instruments and may be sold, transferred or assigned only with the instruments involved.
The Fund expects that standby commitments generally will be available without the payment of any direct or indirect consideration. However, if necessary or advisable, the Fund may pay for a standby commitment either separately in cash or by paying a higher price for municipal instruments which are acquired subject to the commitment (thus reducing the yield to maturity otherwise available for the same securities). The total amount paid in either manner for outstanding standby commitments held by the Fund will not exceed 1 ⁄ 2 of 1% of the value of the Funds total assets calculated immediately after each standby commitment is acquired.
The Fund intends to enter into standby commitments only with dealers, banks and broker-dealers which, in the Investment Advisers opinion, present minimal credit risks. The Fund will acquire standby commitments solely to facilitate portfolio liquidity and do not intend to exercise their rights thereunder for trading purposes. The acquisition of a standby commitment will not affect the valuation of the underlying municipal instrument. The actual standby commitment will be valued at zero in determining NAV. Accordingly, where the Fund pays directly or indirectly for a standby commitment, the Funds costs will be reflected as an unrealized loss for the period during which the commitment is held by the Fund and will be reflected in realized gain or loss when the commitment is exercised or expires.
STRIPPED SECURITIES. To the extent consistent with its investment policies, the Fund may purchase stripped securities. The Treasury Department has facilitated transfers of ownership of zero coupon securities by accounting separately for the beneficial ownership of particular interest coupon and principal payments on Treasury securities through the Federal Reserve book-entry record-keeping system. The Federal Reserve program as established by the Treasury Department is known as Separate Trading of Registered Interest and Principal of Securities or STRIPS. The Fund may purchase securities registered in the STRIPS program. Under the STRIPS program, the Fund will be able to have its beneficial ownership of zero coupon securities recorded directly in the book-entry record-keeping system in lieu of having to hold certificates or other evidences of ownership of the underlying U.S. Treasury securities.
Other types of stripped securities may be purchased by the Fund, including stripped mortgage-backed securities (SMBS). SMBS usually are structured with two or more classes that receive different proportions of the interest and principal distributions from a pool of mortgage-backed obligations. A common type of SMBS will have one class receiving all of the interest, while the other class receives all of the principal. However, in some instances, one class will receive some of the interest and most of the principal while the other class will receive most of the interest and the remainder of the principal. If the underlying obligations experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, the Fund may fail to recoup fully its initial investment in these securities. The market value of the class consisting entirely of principal payments generally is extremely volatile in response to changes in interest rates. The yields on a class of SMBS that receives all or most of the interest generally are higher than prevailing market yields on other mortgage-backed obligations because their cash flow patterns also are volatile and there is a risk that the initial investment will not be recouped fully. SMBS issued by the U.S. government (or a U.S. government agency, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise) may be considered liquid under guidelines established by the Trusts Board of Trustees if they can be disposed of promptly in the ordinary course of business at a value reasonably close to that used in the calculation of the NAV per share.
STRUCTURED SECURITIES. To the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies, the Fund may purchase structured securities. These fixed-income instruments are structured to recast the investment characteristics of the underlying security or reference asset. If the issuer is a unit investment trust or other special purpose vehicle, the structuring will typically involve the deposit with or purchase by such issuer of specified instruments (such as commercial bank loans or securities) and/or the execution of various derivative transactions,
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and the issuance by that entity of one or more classes of securities (structured securities) backed by, or representing interests in, the underlying instruments. The cash flow on the underlying instruments may be apportioned among the newly issued structured securities to create securities with different investment characteristics, such as varying maturities, payment priorities and interest rate provisions, and the extent of such payments made with respect to structured securities is dependent on the extent of the cash flow on the underlying instruments. Investments in these securities may be structured as a class that is either subordinated or unsubordinated to the right of payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher rates of return and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured products.
The Funds investments in these instruments are indirectly subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, including, among others, credit risk, default or similar event risk, counterparty risk, interest rate risk, leverage risk and management risk. Because structured securities typically involve no credit enhancement, their credit risk generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. These securities generally are exempt from registration under the Securities Act. Accordingly, there may be no established trading market for the securities and they may constitute illiquid investments. Structured securities may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of debt securities because the investor bears the risk of the underlying security or reference asset. Structured securities may also be more volatile, less liquid, and more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities or more traditional debt securities.
SUPRANATIONAL BANK OBLIGATIONS. The Fund, to the extent consistent with its investment objective and strategies, may invest in obligations of supranational banks. Supranational banks are international banking institutions designed or supported by national governments to promote economic reconstruction, development or trade among nations (e.g., the World Bank). Obligations of supranational banks may be supported by appropriated but unpaid commitments of their member countries and there is no assurance that these commitments will be undertaken or met in the future.
TOTAL RATE OF RETURN SWAPS AND INTEREST RATE SWAPS. Swap agreements may be structured in different ways.
The Fund may enter into total rate of return swaps, which are contracts that obligate a party to pay or receive interest in exchange for the payment by the other party of the total return generated by a security, a basket of securities, an index or an index component.
The Fund may enter into interest rate swaps. Interest rate swaps involve the exchange by the Fund with another party of their respective commitments to pay or receive interest, e.g., an exchange of floating rate payments for fixed rate payments with respect to a notional amount of principal.
Some swap transactions, such as interest rate and total return swaps, are entered into on a net basis, i.e., the two payment streams are netted out, with the Fund receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the two payments. The Fund will enter into equity swaps only on a net basis. Payments may be made at the conclusion of the swap agreement or periodically during its term. These swaps do not involve the delivery of securities or other underlying assets. Accordingly, the risk of loss with respect to equity swaps is limited to the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually obligated to make. If the other party to any swap entered into on a net basis defaults, the Funds risk of loss consists of the net amount of payments that the Fund is contractually entitled to receive, if any. In contrast, other transactions may involve the payment of the gross amount owed. To the extent that the amount payable by the Fund under a swap is offset by segregated cash or liquid assets, the Fund and the Investment Adviser believe that such transactions do not constitute senior securities under the 1940 Act and, accordingly, will not treat them as being subject to the Funds borrowing restrictions.
The Fund will not enter into any swap transactions unless the unsecured commercial paper, senior debt or claims-paying ability of the other party is rated either A, or A-1 or better by S&P Global Ratings (S&P), or
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Fitch Ratings (Fitch); or A or Prime-1 or better by Moodys Investors Service, Inc. (Moodys), or has received a comparable rating from another organization that is recognized as a nationally recognized statistical rating organization (NRSRO) or, if unrated by such rating organization, is determined to be of comparable quality by the Investment Adviser. If there is a default by the other party to a swap transaction, the Fund will have contractual remedies pursuant to the agreements related to the transaction. These contractual remedies, however, may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws that may affect the Funds rights as a creditor (e.g., the Fund may not receive the net amount of payments that it is contractually entitled to receive). The swap market has grown substantially in recent years with a large number of banks and investment banking firms acting both as principals and as agents utilizing standardized swap documentation. As a result, the swap market has become relatively liquid in comparison with markets for other similar instruments which are traded in the interbank market.
The use of total rate of return and interest rate swaps is a highly specialized activity which involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. If the Investment Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of market values and/or interest rates, the investment performance of the Fund would be less favorable than it would have been if this investment technique were not used. For a description of CFTC regulations affecting swap transactions and certain other derivatives, see Futures Contracts and Related Options below and Appendix B.
TRUST PREFERRED SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in trust preferred securities. Trust preferred securities have the characteristics of both subordinated debt and preferred stock. Generally, trust preferred securities are issued by a trust that is wholly-owned by a financial institution or other corporate entity, typically a bank holding company. The financial institution creates the trust and owns the trusts common securities. The trust uses the sale proceeds of its common securities to purchase subordinated debt issued by the financial institution. The financial institution uses the proceeds from the subordinated debt sale to increase its capital while the trust receives periodic interest payments from the financial institution for holding the subordinated debt. The trust uses the funds received to make dividend payments to the holders of the trust preferred securities. The primary advantage of this structure is that the trust preferred securities are treated by the financial institution as debt securities for tax purposes and as equity for the calculation of capital requirements.
Trust preferred securities typically bear a market rate coupon comparable to interest rates available on debt of a similarly rated issuer. Typical characteristics include long-term maturities, early redemption by the issuer, periodic fixed or variable interest payments, and maturities at face value. Holders of trust preferred securities have limited voting rights to control the activities of the trust and no voting rights with respect to the financial institution. The market value of trust preferred securities may be more volatile than those of conventional debt securities. Trust preferred securities may be issued in reliance on Rule 144A under the Securities Act and subject to restrictions on resale. There can be no assurance as to the liquidity of trust preferred securities and the ability of holders, such as the Fund, to sell their holdings. In identifying the risks of the trust preferred securities, NTI will look to the condition of the financial institution as the trust typically has no business operations other than to issue the trust preferred securities. If the financial institution defaults on interest payments to the trust, the trust will not be able to make dividend payments to holders of its securities, such as the Fund.
U.S. GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS. The Fund may invest in a variety of U.S. Treasury obligations and obligations issued by or guaranteed by the U.S. government or by its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises. Not all government obligations carry the same credit support. No assurance can be given that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises if it were not obligated to do so by law. There is no assurance that these commitments will be undertaken or complied with in the future. In addition, the secondary market for certain participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies may be limited. In the absence of a suitable secondary market, such participations generally are considered illiquid.
Examples of U.S. government obligations that may be acquired include U.S. Treasury Bills, Treasury Notes and Treasury Bonds and the obligations of Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Farm Credit Banks, Federal Land
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Banks, the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Government National Mortgage Association, General Services Administration, Central Bank for Cooperatives, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks and the Maritime Administration.
Securities guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. government or by its agencies, instrumentalities or sponsored enterprises also are deemed to include: (i) securities for which the payment of principal and interest is backed by an irrevocable letter of credit issued by the U.S. government or by any agency, instrumentality or sponsored enterprise thereof; and (ii) participations in loans made to foreign governments or their agencies that are so guaranteed.
VARIABLE AND FLOATING RATE INSTRUMENTS. Variable and floating rate instruments have interest rates that periodically are adjusted either at set intervals or that float at a margin in relation to a generally recognized index rate. These instruments include long-term variable and floating rate bonds where the Fund obtains at the time of purchase the right to put the bond back to the issuer or a third party at par at a specified date and also includes leveraged inverse floating rate instruments (inverse floaters). With respect to the variable and floating rate instruments that may be acquired by the Fund, the Investment Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flows and other liquidity ratios of the issuers and guarantors of such instruments and, if the instruments are subject to demand features, will monitor their financial status and ability to meet payment on demand. Where necessary to ensure that a variable or floating rate instrument meets the Funds quality requirements, the issuers obligation to pay the principal of the instrument will be backed by an unconditional bank letter or line of credit, guarantee or commitment to lend.
The Fund will invest in variable and floating rate instruments only when the Investment Adviser deems the investment to involve minimal credit risk. Unrated variable and floating rate instruments will be determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality at the time of the purchase to rated instruments that may be purchased by the Fund. In determining weighted average portfolio maturity, an instrument may, subject to the SECs regulations, be deemed to have a maturity shorter than its nominal maturity based on the period remaining until the next interest rate adjustment or the time the Fund can recover payment of principal as specified in the instrument. Variable and floating rate instruments eligible for purchase by the Fund include variable amount master demand notes, which permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary in addition to providing for periodic adjustments in the interest rate.
Variable and floating rate instruments also include leveraged inverse floaters. The interest rate on an inverse floater resets in the opposite direction from the market rate of interest to which the inverse floater is indexed. An inverse floater may be considered to be leveraged to the extent that its interest rate varies by a magnitude that exceeds the magnitude of the change in the index rate of interest. The higher degree of leverage inherent in inverse floaters is associated with greater volatility in their market values. Accordingly, the duration of an inverse floater may exceed its stated final maturity. The Fund may deem the maturity of variable and floating rate instruments to be less than their stated maturities based on their variable and floating rate features and/or their put features. Unrated variable and floating rate instruments will be determined by the Investment Adviser to be of comparable quality at the time of purchase to rated instruments which may be purchased by the Fund.
Variable and floating rate instruments including inverse floaters held by the Fund will be subject to the Funds limitation on illiquid investments, absent a reliable trading market, when the Fund may not demand payment of the principal amount within seven days. Because there is no active secondary market for certain variable and floating rate instruments, they may be more difficult to sell if the issuer defaults on its payment obligations or during periods when the Fund is not entitled to exercise its demand rights. As a result, the Fund could suffer a loss with respect to these instruments.
WARRANTS. To the extent consistent with its investment objective and policies, the Fund may purchase warrants and similar rights, which are privileges issued by corporations enabling the owners to subscribe to and
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purchase a specified number of shares of the corporation at a specified price during a specified period of time. The prices of warrants do not necessarily correlate with the prices of the underlying shares. The purchase of warrants involves the risk that the Fund could lose the purchase value of a warrant if the right to subscribe to additional shares is not exercised prior to the warrants expiration. Also, the purchase of warrants involves the risk that the effective price paid for the warrant added to the subscription price of the related security may exceed the value of the subscribed securitys market price such as when there is no movement in the level of the underlying security.
YIELDS AND RATINGS. The yields on certain obligations, including the instruments in which the Fund may invest, are dependent on a variety of factors, including general market conditions, conditions in the particular market for the obligation, financial condition of the issuer, size of the offering, maturity of the obligation and ratings of the issue. The ratings of S&P, Dominion, Moodys and Fitch represent their respective opinions as to the quality of the obligations they undertake to rate. Ratings, however, are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. For a discussion of more complete ratings, see Appendix C to this SAI.
ZERO COUPON AND CAPITAL APPRECIATION BONDS AND PAY-IN-KIND SECURITIES. The Fund may invest in zero coupon bonds, capital appreciation bonds and pay-in-kind (PIK) securities. Zero coupon and capital appreciation bonds are debt securities issued or sold at a discount from their face value and which do not entitle the holder to any periodic payment of interest prior to maturity or a specified date. The original issue discount varies depending on the time remaining until maturity or cash payment date, prevailing interest rates, the liquidity of the security and the perceived credit quality of the issuer. These securities also may take the form of debt securities that have been stripped of their unmatured interest coupons, the coupons themselves or receipts or certificates representing interests in such stripped debt obligations or coupons. The market prices of zero coupon bonds, capital appreciation bonds and PIK securities generally are more volatile than the market prices of interest bearing securities and are likely to respond to a greater degree to changes in interest rates than interest bearing securities having similar maturities and credit quality.
PIK securities may be debt obligations or preferred shares that provide the issuer with the option of paying interest or dividends on such obligations in cash or in the form of additional securities rather than cash. Similar to zero coupon bonds, PIK securities are designed to give an issuer flexibility in managing cash flow. PIK securities that are debt securities can either be senior or subordinated debt and generally trade flat (i.e., without accrued interest). The trading price of PIK debt securities generally reflects the market value of the underlying debt plus an amount representing accrued interest since the last interest payment.
Zero coupon bonds, capital appreciation bonds and PIK securities involve the additional risk that, unlike securities that periodically pay interest to maturity, the Fund will realize no cash until a specified future payment date unless a portion of such securities is sold and, if the issuer of such securities defaults, the Fund may obtain no return at all on its investment. In addition, even though such securities do not provide for the payment of current interest in cash, the Fund is nonetheless required to accrue income on such investments for each taxable year and generally is required to distribute such accrued amounts (net of deductible expenses, if any) to avoid being subject to tax. Because no cash generally is received at the time of the accrual, the Fund may be required to liquidate other portfolio securities to obtain sufficient cash to satisfy federal tax distribution requirements applicable to the Fund.
The Fund is subject to the fundamental investment restrictions enumerated below which may be changed only by a vote of the holders of a majority of the Funds outstanding shares as described in Description of Shares on page 50.
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The Fund may not:
1) | Make loans, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
2). | Purchase or sell real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
3). | Purchase or sell commodities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
4). | Act as underwriter of securities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
5). | Borrow money, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
6). | Issue any senior security, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act, rules and regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time. |
7). | Concentrate its investments (i.e., invest 25% or more of its total assets in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries). For purposes of this limitation, securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities), repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities, and securities of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions are not considered to be issued by members of any industry. |
8). | The Fund may not with respect to 75% of the Funds assets (i) purchase securities of any issuer (except securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities and repurchase agreements involving such securities) if, as a result, more than 5% of the total assets of the Fund would be invested in the securities of any one issuer, or (ii) acquire more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of any one issuer. |
The following descriptions from the 1940 Act may assist shareholders in understanding the above policies and restrictions.
Borrowing . The 1940 Act presently allows a fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33-1/3% of its total assets, including the amount borrowed (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets).
Senior Securities . Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by a fund evidencing indebtedness.
The 1940 Act generally prohibits funds from issuing senior securities, although it does not treat certain transactions as senior securities, such as certain borrowings, short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, firm commitment agreements and standby commitments, with appropriate earmarking or segregation of assets to cover such obligation.
Lending . Under the 1940 Act, a fund may only make loans if expressly permitted by its investment policies. The Funds non-fundamental investment policy on lending is set forth below.
Underwriting . Under the 1940 Act, underwriting securities involves a fund purchasing securities directly from an issuer for the purpose of selling (distributing) them or participating in any such activity either directly or indirectly.
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Real Estate . The 1940 Act does not directly restrict a funds ability to invest in real estate, but does require that every fund have a fundamental investment policy governing such investments. The Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that would permit direct investment in real estate. However, the Fund has a non-fundamental investment limitation that prohibits it from investing directly in real estate. This non-fundamental policy may be changed only by vote of the Funds Board.
Commodities . The 1940 Act does not directly restrict a funds ability to invest in commodities, but does require that every fund have a fundamental investment policy governing such investments. The Fund has adopted a fundamental policy that would permit direct investment in commodities. However, the Fund has a non-fundamental investment limitation that prohibits it from investing directly in physical commodities. This non-fundamental policy may be changed only by vote of the Funds Board.
The following investment restrictions are non-fundamental policies of the Fund and may be changed by the Board without a vote of shareholders:
The Fund may not:
1) | Make loans, except through: (a) the purchase of debt obligations in accordance with the Funds investment objective and strategies; (b) repurchase agreements with banks, brokers, dealers and other financial institutions; (c) loans of securities; and (d) loans to affiliates of the Fund to the extent permitted by law. |
2) | Purchase or sell real estate or real estate limited partnerships, but this restriction shall not prevent the Fund from (a) investing directly or indirectly in portfolio instruments secured by real estate or interests therein; (b) from acquiring securities of real estate investment trusts or other issuers that deal in real estate or mortgage-related securities; or (c) holding and selling real estate acquired by the Fund as a result of ownership of securities. |
3) | Purchase or sell physical commodities unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prevent the Fund: (i) from purchasing or selling options, futures contracts or other derivative instruments; or (ii) from investing in securities or other instruments backed by physical commodities). |
4) | Act as underwriter of securities, except as the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter under the Securities Act in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio instruments in accordance with its investment objective and portfolio management strategies. |
5) | Borrow money, except that to the extent permitted by applicable law: (a) the Fund may borrow from banks, other affiliated investment companies and other persons, and may engage in reverse repurchase agreements and other transactions which involve borrowings, in amounts up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (including the amount borrowed) or such other percentage permitted by law; (b) the Fund may borrow up to an additional 5% of its total assets for temporary purposes; (c) the Fund may obtain such short-term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of portfolio securities; and (d) the Fund may purchase securities on margin. If due to market fluctuations or other reasons the Funds borrowings exceed the limitations stated above, the Trust will promptly reduce the borrowings of the Fund in accordance with the 1940 Act. |
Notwithstanding other fundamental investment restrictions (including, without limitation, those restrictions relating to issuer diversification, industry concentration and control), the Fund may purchase securities of other investment companies to the full extent permitted under Section 12 or any other provision of the 1940 Act (or any successor provision thereto) or under any regulation or order of the SEC.
For the purpose of industry concentration, in determining industry classification, the Trust may use any one or more of the following: the Bloomberg Industry Group Classification, Standard & Poors, J.J. Kenny Municipal
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Purpose Codes, FT Interactive Industrial Codes, Securities Industry Classification Codes, Global Industry Classification Standard, Morgan Stanley Capital International industry classification titles or Barclays Capital sector classification scheme. Also for the purpose of industry concentration, industrial development bonds issued by non-governmental issuers may be considered to be issued by members of an industry. Non-governmental issuers are issuers other than the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities) and state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions.
Any Investment Restriction which involves a maximum percentage (other than the restriction set forth above in Non-Fundamental Investment Restriction No. 5 will not be considered violated unless an excess over the percentage occurs immediately after, and is caused by, an acquisition or encumbrance of securities or assets of the Fund. The 1940 Act requires that if the asset coverage for borrowings at any time falls below the limits described in Non-Fundamental Investment Restriction No. 5, the Fund will, within three days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays), reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the net asset coverage of such borrowings shall conform to such limits.
The method by which Creation Unit Aggregations of shares are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Unit Aggregations of shares are issued and sold by the Fund on an ongoing basis, at any point a distribution, as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Unit Aggregations after placing an order with the Distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter. Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not underwriters but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, generally are required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to shares of the Fund are reminded that, pursuant to Rule 153 under the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
The Board of Trustees of the Trust has adopted a policy on disclosure of portfolio holdings, which it believes is in the best interest of the Funds shareholders. The policy provides that neither the Fund nor its Investment Adviser, Distributor or any agent, or any employee thereof (Fund Representative) will disclose the Funds portfolio holdings information to any person other than in accordance with the policy. For purposes of the policy, portfolio holdings information means the Funds actual portfolio holdings, as well as non-public information about its trading strategies or pending transactions including the portfolio holdings, trading strategies or pending transactions of any commingled fund portfolio which contains identical holdings as the Fund. Under the policy, neither the Fund nor any Fund Representative may solicit or accept any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information. The Fund Representative may
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provide portfolio holdings information to third parties if such information has been included in the Funds public filings with the SEC or is disclosed on the Funds publicly accessible website. Information posted on the Funds website may be separately provided to any person commencing the day after it is first published on the Funds website.
Under the policy, each business day before commencement of trading in shares the Fund will disclose on its website the identities and quantities of the Funds portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Funds calculation of NAV at the end of the Business Day. In addition, the Funds portfolio holdings information will be provided to the Distributor or other agent for dissemination through the facilities of the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) and/or other fee based subscription services to NSCC members and/or subscribers to those other fee-based subscription services, including Authorized Participants (defined below) and to entities that publish and/or analyze such information in connection with the process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units or trading shares of Fund in the secondary market. The Distributor may also make available portfolio holdings information to other institutional market participants and entities that provide information services. This information typically reflects the Funds anticipated holdings on the following business day. The Authorized Participants are generally large institutional investors that have been authorized by the Distributor to purchase and redeem large blocks of shares (known as Creation Units) pursuant to legal requirements, including the exemptive order granted by the SEC, to which the Fund offers and redeems shares.
Other than portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process, as discussed above, portfolio holdings information that is not filed with the SEC or posted on the publicly available website may be provided to third parties only in limited circumstances. Third-party recipients will be required to keep all portfolio holdings information confidential and are prohibited from trading on the information they receive. Disclosure to such third parties must be approved in advance by the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer (CCO). Disclosure to providers of auditing, custody, proxy voting and other similar services for the Fund, as well as rating and ranking organizations, will generally be permitted; however, information may be disclosed to other third parties (including, without limitation, individuals, institutional investors, and Authorized Participants that sell shares of the Fund) only upon approval by the CCO, who must first determine that the Fund has a legitimate business purpose for doing so. In general, each recipient of non-public portfolio holdings information must sign a confidentiality and non-trading agreement, although this requirement will not apply when the recipient is otherwise subject to a duty of confidentiality as determined by the CCO. In accordance with the policy, the recipients who receive non-public portfolio holdings information on an ongoing basis are as follows: the Investment Adviser and its affiliates; the Funds independent registered public accounting firm; the Funds distributor, administrator and custodian; the Funds legal counsel, Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP, the non-interested Trustees counsel, Ropes & Gray LLP, the Funds financial printer, R.R. Donnelley; and the Funds proxy voting service (Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc.). These entities are obligated to keep such information confidential. Third-party providers of custodial or accounting services to the Fund may release non-public portfolio holdings information of the Fund only with the permission of Fund Representatives.
The Fund discloses its portfolio holdings and the percentages they represent of the Funds net assets each day the Fund is open for business, on the Funds website. More information about this disclosure is available at www.flexshares.com. The Fund may publish on the website complete portfolio holdings information more frequently if it has a legitimate business purpose for doing so. Portfolio holdings will be disclosed through required filings with the SEC. The Fund files its portfolio holdings with the SEC for each fiscal quarter on Form N-CSR (with respect to each annual period and semiannual period) and Form N-Q (with respect to the first and third quarters of the Funds fiscal year). Shareholders may obtain the Funds Forms N-CSR and N-Q filings on the SECs website at www.sec.gov. In addition, the Funds Forms N-CSR and N-Q filings may be reviewed and copied at the SECs public reference room in Washington, DC. You may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information about the SECs website or the operation of the public reference room.
Under the policy, the Board is to receive information, on a quarterly basis, regarding any other disclosures of non-public portfolio holdings information that were permitted during the preceding quarter.
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The Board of Trustees of the Trust is responsible for the management and business and affairs of the Trust. Set forth below is information about the Trustees and Officers of the FlexShares Trust as of the date of this SAI. A brief statement of their present positions and principal occupations during the past five years is also provided.
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES
NAME, ADDRESS,
(1)
AGE,
TRUST AND LENGTH OF
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
NUMBER OF
FUNDS IN FUND COMPLEX (3) OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE |
OTHER
|
|||
Sarah N. Garvey Age: 64 Trustee since July 2011 |
Chairman of the Board of John G. Shedd Aquarium from 2009 to 2012; Chairman of the Board of Navy Pier from 2011 to 2013; Member of the Board of Directors of the Metropolitan Pier and Exposition Authority from 2010 to 2012; Member of the Board of Directors of The Civic Federation since 2004; Trustee of the Art Institute of Chicago since 2011. |
25 | NONE | |||
Philip G. Hubbard Age: 64 Trustee since July 2011 |
Managing Partner of Solidian Fund, LP and Solidian Management, LLC (a fund of hedge funds platform for family and friends investments) since 2001; President of Hubbard Management Group, LLC (a personal investment vehicle) since 2001; Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Wheaton College Trust Company, N.A. since 2004; Member since 1998 of the Board of Trustees of Wheaton College; Chairman of the Board of Directors of the English Language Institute/China (a nonprofit educational organization) since 1993; Member of the Board of First Cup, LLC (restaurant franchising) since 2014. |
25 | NONE |
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NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES (CONTINUED)
NAME, ADDRESS,
(1)
AGE,
TRUST AND LENGTH OF
|
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
NUMBER OF
FUNDS IN FUND COMPLEX (3) OVERSEEN BY TRUSTEE |
OTHER
|
|||||
Eric T. McKissack Age: 62 Trustee and Chairman since July 2011 |
Founder and CEO of Channing Capital Management, LLC (an SEC registered investment adviser) since 2004; Member of the Board of Directors of ICMA Retirement Corporation (an SEC registered investment adviser providing retirement administration services) from 2005 to 2012; Member of the Board of Trustees, the Investment Committee, and the Finance Committee of the Art Institute of Chicago since 2002; Member of the RIC Tree of Life Board of the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago since 2001. |
25 | Consulting Group Capital Markets Funds (11 Portfolios) since April 2013 | |||||
INTERESTED TRUSTEE |
||||||||
Shundrawn A. Thomas (5) Age: 42 Trustee and President of the Trust since July 2011 |
Executive Vice President, Head of Funds and Managed Accounts, Northern Trust Asset Management since May 2014; Managing Director and Global Business Head of the Exchange-Traded Funds Group, Northern Trust Asset Management from 2010 to 2014; Member of the Board of Florida A&M University Foundation since 2014; Member of the Board of Trustees of Wheaton College since May 2009; Member of the Board of Trustees of the Wheaton College Trust Company since 2009; Partner at Tree of Life Resources, LLP (a multi-media company) since 2005. |
25 | NONE |
(1) | Each Non-Interested Trustee may be contacted by writing to the Trustee, c/o Paul Dykstra, Ropes & Gray LLP, 191 North Wacker Drive, 32 nd Floor, Chicago, IL 60606. Mr. Thomas may be contacted by writing to him at 50 S. LaSalle St., Chicago, Illinois 60603. |
(2) | Each Trustee will hold office for an indefinite term until the earliest of: (i) the next meeting of shareholders, if any, called for the purpose of considering the election or re-election of such Trustee and until the election and qualification of his or her successor, if any, elected at such meeting; or (ii) the date a Trustee resigns or retires, or a Trustee is removed by the Board of Trustees or shareholders, in accordance with the Trusts Agreement and Declaration of Trust. |
(3) | The Fund Complex consists of the Trust. |
(4) | This column includes only directorships of companies required to report to the SEC under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (i.e., public companies) or other investment companies registered under the 1940 Act. |
(5) | An interested person, as defined by the 1940 Act. Mr. Thomas is deemed to be an interested Trustee because he is an officer of NTI and its parent company. |
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NAME, ADDRESS, AGE, POSITIONS HELD WITH TRUST AND LENGTH OF SERVICE (1) |
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
|
Craig R. Carberry, Esq. Age: 55 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Secretary since July 2011 |
Associate General Counsel and Senior Vice President at The Northern Trust Company since June 2015; Chief Compliance Officer of Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since October 2015 and Secretary since 2000; Assistant General Counsel and U.S. Funds General Counsel at The Northern Trust Company from July 2014 to June 2015; Senior Legal Counsel and U.S. Funds General Counsel at The Northern Trust Company from 2000-2014; Secretary of 50 South Capital Advisors, LLC since 2015; Secretary of Alpha Core Strategies Fund (formerly NT Alpha Strategies Fund) since 2004; Secretary of Equity Long/Short Opportunities Fund (formerly NT Equity Long/Short Strategies Fund) since 2011; Secretary of Northern Institutional Funds and Northern Funds since 2010; Secretary of Northern Trust Global Advisers, Inc. from 2007 to 2012; Secretary of The Northern Trust Company of Connecticut from 2009 to 2013. | |
Benjamin D. Wiesenfeld Age: 38 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, Illinois 60603 Chief Compliance Officer since July 2016 |
Chief Compliance Officer of Northern Funds and Northern Institutional Funds since June 2016; Chief Compliance Officer and General Counsel, Scout Investments, Inc. and Chief Compliance Officer of the Scout Funds from 2009 to 2016; Chief Compliance Officer Thornburg Investment Management, Inc. and Thornburg Funds from 2006 to 2009. | |
Randal E. Rein Age: 45 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer since July 2011 |
Senior Vice President of Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since 2010. | |
Peter K. Ewing Age: 57 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Vice President since July 2011 |
Director of ETF Product Management, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. and Senior Vice President, The Northern Trust Company, since September 2010. | |
Marie E. Dzanis Age: 48 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Vice President since July 2011 |
Head of Distribution for Funds and Managed Accounts, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since 2014; Director of ETF Sales and Servicing, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. from 2011 to 2014. | |
Peter J. Flood Age: 58 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Vice President since July 2011 |
Director of ETF Investment Strategy, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since 2010; Portfolio Manager, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. from 2007 to 2014. |
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OFFICERS OF THE TRUST (CONTINUED)
NAME, ADDRESS, AGE, POSITIONS HELD WITH TRUST AND LENGTH OF SERVICE (1) |
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATIONS DURING PAST FIVE YEARS |
|
Edward A. Rosenberg Age: 42 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Vice President since June 2013 |
Director of ETF Capital Markets and Analytics, Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since 2012; Director and Head of ETF Capital Markets and Analytics, Russell Investments from 2010 to 2012. | |
Darlene Chappell Age: 53 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603
Anti-Money Laundering Officer
|
Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer for Northern Trust Investments, Inc., Northern Trust Securities, Inc., Northern Funds, Northern Institutional Funds and Alpha Core Strategies Fund (formerly NT Alpha Strategies Fund) since 2009, Equity Long/Short Opportunities Fund (formerly NT Equity Long/Short Strategies Fund) since 2011 and 50 South Capital Advisors, LLC since 2015; Vice President and Compliance Consultant for The Northern Trust Company since 2006; Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer for Northern Trust Company of Connecticut from 2009 to 2013; Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer for Northern Trust Global Advisers, Inc. from 2009 to 2012. | |
Jose Del Real Age: 38 50 South LaSalle Street Chicago, IL 60603 Assistant Secretary since June 2015 |
Senior Legal Counsel, Asset Management Practice Group of the Legal Department of The Northern Trust Company since August 2015; Assistant Secretary of Northern Trust Investments, Inc. since 2015; Legal Counsel, Asset Management Practice Group of the Legal Department of The Northern Trust Company from 2014 until 2015; Assistant Secretary of Northern Funds and Northern Institutional Funds from 2011 to 2014, and since May 2015; Vice President and Regulatory Administration Senior Attorney of The Northern Trust Company from 2012 until 2014; Vice President and Regulatory Administration Attorney of The Northern Trust Company from 2011 until 2012; Second Vice President and Regulatory Administration Attorney of The Northern Trust Company from 2010 until 2011. | |
Susan W. Yee Age: 46 One Beacon Street Boston, MA 02108 Assistant Secretary since October 2014 |
Assistant Vice President, Regulatory Services Group, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. since 1994, in various positions. |
(1) | Officers hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Trustees until their successors are duly elected and qualified, or until they die, resign, are removed or become disqualified. |
Certain officers hold comparable positions with certain other investment companies of which NTI, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. or an affiliate thereof is the investment adviser, administrator, custodian or transfer agent.
The Board has established a standing Audit Committee and a Governance Committee in connection with its governance of the Trust.
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The Audit Committee consists of Mr. Hubbard (chair), Mr. McKissack and Ms. Garvey. The Board has determined that each member of the Audit Committee is not an interested person as defined in the 1940 Act (an Independent Trustee). The responsibilities of the Audit Committee are to assist the Board in overseeing the Trusts independent registered public accounting firm, accounting policies and procedures and other areas relating to the Trusts auditing processes. The Audit Committee is responsible for selecting and recommending to the full Board an independent registered public accounting firm to audit the books and records of the Trust for the ensuing year, and reviews with the firm the scope and results of each audit. The Audit Committee also is responsible for pre-approving all audit services and any permitted non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm directly to the Trust. The Audit Committee also is responsible for pre-approving permitted non-audit services to be provided by the independent registered public accounting firm to: (1) the Investment Adviser; and (2) any entity in a control relationship with the Investment Adviser that provides ongoing services to the Trust, provided that the engagement of the independent registered public accounting firm relates directly to the operation and financial reporting of the Trust. The scope of the Audit Committees responsibilities is oversight. It is managements responsibility to maintain appropriate systems for accounting and internal control and the independent registered public accounting firms responsibility to plan and carry out an audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. The Audit Committee met three times during the last fiscal year ended October 31, 2016.
The Governance Committee consists of Ms. Garvey (chair), Mr. Hubbard and Mr. McKissack. The Board has determined that each member of the Governance Committee is an Independent Trustee. The functions performed by the Governance Committee include, among other things, selecting and nominating candidates to serve as Independent Trustees, reviewing and making recommendations regarding Trustee compensation and developing policies regarding Trustee education. In filling Board vacancies, the Governance Committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders. Nominee recommendations (accompanied by resumes) should be submitted to the Trust at its mailing address stated in the Funds Prospectus and should be directed to the attention of the FlexShares Trust Governance Committee, care of the Secretary of the Trust. The Governance Committee has not established specific qualifications that it believes must be met by a nominee. In evaluating nominees, the Governance Committee considers, among other things, candidates qualifications for Board membership and their independence from management and principal service providers. Persons selected must be independent in terms of both the letter and the spirit of the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the Rules and Regulations under the Act. The Committee will consider the effect of any relationships beyond those delineated in the 1940 Act that might impair independence, such as business, financial or family relationships with managers or service providers of the Trust. The Committee also considers whether the individuals background, skills, and experience will complement the background, skills, and experience of other Trustees and will contribute to the Boards diversity. The Governance Committee met two times during the last fiscal year ended October 31, 2016.
LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE AND QUALIFICATIONS OF THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES
The Board is responsible for oversight of the Trust. The Trust has engaged the Investment Adviser to manage the Funds of the Trust on a day-to-day basis. The Board oversees the Investment Adviser and certain other principal service providers in the operations of the Fund. The Board currently is composed of four Trustees, three of whom are Independent Trustees. The Board believes that having Mr. Thomas serve as an interested Trustee brings management insight that is important to certain of the Boards decisions and also in the best interest of shareholders. The Board meets in-person at regularly scheduled meetings currently anticipated to occur four times in a year. In addition, the Board members may meet in-person or by telephone at special meetings or on an informal basis at other times. The Independent Trustees also expect to meet separately in executive session, including with independent trustee counsel. The Trustees believe that these meetings will help mitigate conflicts of interest. The Trustees also believe that the executive sessions will allow the Independent Trustees to deliberate candidly and constructively, separately from management, in a manner that affords honest disagreement and critical questioning.
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As stated above, the Board has established a standing Audit Committee and a Governance Committee to assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities. The Board also may establish ad hoc committees or working groups from time to time to aid in its oversight. The Independent Trustees have engaged independent legal counsel to assist them in fulfilling their responsibilities.
The Board is chaired by Eric McKissack, an Independent Trustee. As Chair, this Independent Trustee leads the Board in its activities. Also, the Chair acts as a member of the Audit and Governance Committees (and may serve as a member of each subsequently established standing or ad hoc committee). The Trustees have determined that the Boards leadership and committee structure is appropriate because the Board believes that it sets the proper tone to the relationships between the Trust, on the one hand, and the Investment Adviser and certain other principal service providers, on the other, and facilitates the exercise of the Boards independent judgment in evaluating and managing the relationships.
The Board has concluded that, based on each Board members experience, qualifications, attributes or skills on an individual basis and in combination with those of the other Board members, each Board member should serve as a Board member. Among other attributes common to all Board members are their ability to review critically, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, to interact effectively with the various service providers to the Trust, and to exercise reasonable business judgment in the performance of their duties as Board members. In addition, the Board will take into account the actual service and commitment of the Board members during their tenure in determining whether each should continue to serve. A Board members ability to perform his or her duties effectively may have been attained through a Board members educational background or professional training; business, consulting, public service or academic positions; experience from service as a Board member of other funds, public companies, or non-profit entities or other organizations; or other experiences. Set forth below is a brief discussion of the specific experience, qualifications, attributes or skills of each Trustee that led the Board to conclude that he or she should serve as a Board member.
Non-Interested Trustees:
Ms. Garvey . Ms. Garvey is a former partner of Deloitte & Touche LLP and has more than 20 years experience in tax accounting. She previously served as Vice President of Corporate Relations and Vice President of State and Local Government Relations for Boeing Co. She is the immediate past chair of the Board of Chicagos Navy Pier and of Chicagos Shedd Aquarium. She is a Certified Public Accountant and holds bachelors and masters degrees in accounting.
Mr. Hubbard . Mr. Hubbard has served for 15 years as president of the Hubbard Management Group, LLC, and as managing partner for Solidian Fund, L.P. and Solidian Management, LLC. He previously served for 13 years on the Board of Harris Bank Winnetka and is a Certified Public Accountant. In addition, Mr. Hubbard serves on the Board of Trustees of Wheaton College, is the chairman of the Wheaton College Trust Company and of the English Language Institute/China. He holds a bachelors degree in economics and a masters degree in business administration.
Mr. McKissack . Mr. McKissack is the Chief Executive Officer and Founder of Channing Capital Management, LLC, a registered investment adviser. He also serves as an independent trustee on the Board of Trustees of a group of mutual funds, the Consulting Group Capital Markets Funds. Mr. McKissack also serves on the Board of the Art Institute of Chicago and on the Board of the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago. He also served on the Board of the ICMA Retirement Corporation, a non-profit provider of retirement administration services. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst.
Interested Trustee:
Mr. Thomas . Mr. Thomas is Executive Vice President and Head of Funds and Managed Accounts of Northern Trust Asset Management. Previously, he was the Managing Director and Global Business Head of the Exchange-Traded Funds Group of Northern Trust Global Investments. Prior to that, he was President
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and Chief Executive Officer of Northern Trust Securities, Inc. He also served as Senior Vice President, Head of Corporate Strategy for Northern Trust Corporation. Mr. Thomas also is on the boards of several non-profit corporations and colleges. He holds a bachelors degree in accounting and a masters of business administration.
Investing in general and the operation of exchange-traded funds involve a variety of risks, such as investment risk, compliance risk, and operational risk, among others. The Board oversees risk as part of its oversight of the Trust. Risk oversight is addressed as part of various regular Board and Audit Committee activities. The Board reviews reports from, among others, the Investment Adviser, the Trusts Chief Compliance Officer, the Trusts independent registered public accounting firm and counsel, as appropriate, regarding risks faced by the Trust and the risk management programs of the Investment Adviser and certain service providers. The actual day-to-day risk management with respect to the Trust resides with the Investment Adviser and other service providers to the Trust. The Investment Adviser has a dedicated risk management function that is headed by a chief risk officer. Although the risk management policies of the Investment Adviser and the service providers are designed to be effective, those policies and their implementation vary among service providers and over time, and there is no guarantee that they will be effective. Not all risks that may affect the Trust can be identified or processes and controls developed to eliminate or mitigate their occurrence or effects, and some risks are simply beyond any control of the Trust or the Investment Adviser, its affiliates or other service providers.
TRUSTEE OWNERSHIP OF FUND SHARES
The following table shows the dollar range of shares of the Fund owned by each Trustee.
Information as of December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Name of Non-Interested Trustee |
Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of
Equity
|
|||
Sarah N. Garvey |
None | None | $50,001-$100,000 | |||
Philip G. Hubbard |
None | None | None | |||
Eric T. McKissack |
None | None | None |
Information as of December 31, 2015 |
||||||
Name of Interested Trustee |
Fund |
Dollar Range of Equity Securities in the Fund |
Aggregate Dollar Range of Equity Securities in All Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies 1 |
|||
Shundrawn A. Thomas |
None | None | Over $100,000 |
1 | The Family of Investment Companies consists only of the Funds of FlexShares Trust. Messrs. Hubbard and McKissack each have an economic interest in the Trust by virtue of their participation in the Trusts deferred compensation plan (the DC Plan) for its non-interested Trustees. Under the DC Plan, a non-interested Trustee may elect to have his or her deferred compensation treated as if it had been invested by the Trust in shares of the FlexShares Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund, FlexShares Quality Dividend Index Fund, FlexShares iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund and/or the FlexShares Ready Access Variable Income Fund. The amount paid to the Trustees under the DC Plan will be determined based upon the performance of these investments. |
TRUSTEE AND OFFICER COMPENSATION
The Trust pays each Trustee who is not an officer, director or employee of Northern Trust Corporation or its subsidiaries annual fees for his or her services as a Trustee of the Trust and as a member of Board committees. In recognition of their services, the fees paid to the Board and Committee chairpersons may be larger than the fees paid to other members of the Trusts Board and Committees. The Trustees also are reimbursed for travel
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expenses incurred in connection with attending such meetings. The Trust also may pay the incidental costs of a Trustee to attend training or other types of conferences relating to the investment company industry. The Trust does not provide pension or retirement benefits to its Trustees. Each non-interested Trustee is entitled to participate in the Trusts DC Plan. Under the DC Plan, a non-interested Trustee may elect to defer all or a portion of his or her compensation and have the deferred compensation treated as if it had been invested by the Trust in shares of the FlexShares Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund, FlexShares Quality Dividend Index Fund, FlexShares iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund and/or the FlexShares Ready Access Variable Income Fund. The amount paid to the Trustees under the DC Plan will be determined based upon the performance of such investments.
The following table sets forth important information with respect to the compensation of each non-interested and interested Trustee of the Trust:
Name of Trustee |
Aggregate
Compensation from Trust 1 |
|||
Non-Interested Trustees |
||||
Sarah N. Garvey |
$ | 106,250 | ||
Philip G. Hubbard |
$ | 106,250 | ||
Eric T. McKissack |
$ | 106,250 | ||
Interested Trustee |
||||
Shundrawn A. Thomas |
None |
1 | The amounts represent the compensation received by the Trustees for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. Effective January 1, 2015, the non-interested Trustees receive an annual retainer of $100,000, and the chairs of the Board and each Committee receive an additional annual retainer of $10,000. Ms. Garvey did not defer any compensation during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. Mr. Hubbard elected to defer $53,125 of $106,250 in total compensation during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. Mr. McKissack elected to defer $53,125 of $106,250 in total compensation during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2015. |
The Trusts officers do not receive fees from the Trust for services in such capacities. NTI receives fees from the Trust as Investment Adviser. Messrs. Carberry, Del Real, Ewing, Flood, Rein, Rosenberg, Thomas, Wiesenfeld and Mses. Chappell and Dzanis are officers of NTI and/or its affiliates.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
As of the date of this SAI, there were no record or beneficial owners of 5% or more of the shares of the Fund. The Trustees and officers of the Trust collectively owned less than 1% of the Funds outstanding shares as of the date of this SAI.
The Trust, its Investment Adviser and Foreside Financial Group, on behalf of the Distributor, have each adopted codes of ethics (the Codes of Ethics) under Rule 17j-1 of the 1940 Act. The Codes of Ethics permit personnel, subject to the Codes of Ethics and their provisions, to invest in securities, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Trust.
NTI, a subsidiary of The Northern Trust Company (TNTC) and an indirect subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation, serves as the Investment Adviser of the Fund. Northern Trust Corporation is regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as a financial holding company under the U.S. Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. NTI is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603.
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NTI is an Illinois State Banking Corporation and an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. It primarily manages assets for institutional and individual separately managed accounts, investment companies and bank common and collective funds.
TNTC is the principal subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation. TNTC is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603.
TNTC is a member of the Federal Reserve System. Since 1889, TNTC has administered and managed assets for individuals, institutions and corporations. Unless otherwise indicated, NTI and TNTC are referred to collectively in this SAI as Northern Trust.
As of September 30, 2016, Northern Trust Corporation, through its affiliates, had assets under investment management of $945.8 billion and assets under custody of $6.71 trillion.
Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement
Under the Trusts Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement with the Investment Adviser for the Fund (the Advisory Agreement), the Investment Adviser, subject to the general supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees, makes decisions with respect to, and places orders for, all purchases and sales of portfolio securities for the Fund and also provides certain ancillary services.
The Investment Adviser also is responsible for monitoring and preserving the records required to be maintained under the regulations of the SEC (with certain exceptions unrelated to its activities for the FlexShares Trust). In making investment recommendations for the Fund, if any, investment advisory personnel may not inquire or take into consideration whether issuers of securities proposed for purchase or sale for the Funds accounts are customers of TNTCs commercial banking department. These requirements are designed to prevent investment advisory personnel for the Fund from knowing which companies have commercial business with TNTC and from purchasing securities where they know the proceeds will be used to repay loans to the bank.
The Advisory Agreement has been approved by the Board of Trustees, including the non-interested Trustees and the initial shareholder of the Fund prior to the initial offering of shares of the Fund.
The Advisory Agreement provides that generally in selecting brokers or dealers to place orders for transactions on: (i) common and preferred stocks, the Investment Adviser shall use its best judgment to obtain the best overall terms available; and (ii) on bonds and other fixed-income obligations, the Investment Adviser shall attempt to obtain best net price and execution or, use its best judgment to obtain the best overall terms available.
Transactions on U.S. stock exchanges, and increasingly equity securities traded over-the-counter, involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Over-the-counter transactions in equity securities also may involve the payment of negotiated commissions to brokers. Transactions on foreign stock exchanges involve payment for brokerage commissions, which generally are fixed by applicable regulatory bodies. Many over-the-counter issues, including corporate debt and government securities, are normally traded on a net basis (i.e., without commission) through dealers, or otherwise involve transactions directly with the issuer of an instrument. With respect to over-the-counter transactions, the Investment Adviser will often deal directly with dealers who make a market in the instruments involved except in those circumstances where more favorable prices and execution are available elsewhere. The cost of foreign and domestic securities purchased from underwriters includes an underwriting commission or concession, and the prices at which securities are purchased from and sold to dealers include a dealers mark-up or mark-down. On exchanges on which commissions are negotiated, the cost of transactions may vary among different brokers. In assessing the best overall terms available for any transaction, the Investment Adviser is to consider all factors it deems relevant, including the breadth of the market in the security, the price of the security, the financial condition and execution capability of the broker or dealer, and the reasonableness of the commission, if any, both for the specific transaction and on a continuing
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basis. In evaluating the best overall terms available and in selecting the broker or dealer to execute a particular transaction, the Investment Adviser may consider the brokerage and research services provided to the Fund and/or other accounts over which the Investment Adviser or an affiliate exercises investment discretion. A broker or dealer providing brokerage and/or research services may receive a higher commission than another broker or dealer would receive for the same transaction. These brokerage and research services may include but are not limited to, furnishing of advice, either directly or through publications or writings, as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing in securities and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities. The Investment Adviser also may obtain economic statistics, forecasting services, industry and company analyses, portfolio strategies, quantitative data, quotation services, order management systems for certain purposes, certain news services, credit rating services, testing services, execution services, market information systems, consulting services from economists and political analysts and computer software or on-line data feeds. These services and products may disproportionately benefit other accounts. For example, research or other services paid for through the Funds commissions may not be used in managing the Fund. In addition, other accounts may receive the benefit, including disproportionate benefits, of economies of scale or price discounts in connection with products or services that may be provided to the Fund and to such other accounts. To the extent that the Investment Adviser uses soft dollars, it will not have to pay for those products or services itself. The Investment Adviser may receive research that is bundled with the trade execution, clearing, and/or settlement services provided by a particular broker-dealer. In that event, the research will effectively be paid for by client commissions that will also be used to pay for execution, clearing and settlement services provided by the broker-dealer and will not be paid by the Investment Adviser.
The Investment Adviser and its affiliates also receive products and services that provide both research and non-research benefits to them (mixed-use items). The research portion of mixed-use items may be paid for with soft dollars. When paying for the research portion of mixed-use items with soft dollars, the Investment Adviser must make a good faith allocation between the cost of the research portion and the cost of the non-research portion of the mixed-use items. The Investment Adviser will pay for the non-research portion of the mixed-use items with hard dollars.
Supplemental research information so received is in addition to, and not in lieu of, services required to be performed by the Investment Adviser and does not reduce the advisory fees payable to the Investment Adviser by the Fund. The Trustees will periodically review the commissions paid by the Fund to consider whether the commissions paid over representative periods of time appear to be reasonable in relation to the benefits inuring to the Fund. It is possible that certain of the supplemental research or other services received will primarily benefit one or more other investment companies or other accounts. Conversely, the Fund may be the primary beneficiary of the research or services received as a result of portfolio transactions effected for such other account or investment company.
The Fund may participate, if and when practicable, in bidding for the purchase of portfolio securities directly from an issuer in order to take advantage of the lower purchase price available to members of a bidding group. The Fund will engage in this practice, however, only when the Investment Adviser believes such practice to be in the Funds interests.
On occasions when the Investment Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of the Fund as well as other fiduciary or agency accounts (other accounts) managed by the Investment Adviser, the Advisory Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser, to the extent permitted by applicable laws and regulations, may aggregate the securities to be sold or purchased for the Fund with those to be sold or purchased for such other accounts in order to obtain the best net price and execution. In such an event, allocation of the securities so purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made by the Investment Adviser in the manner it considers to be the most equitable and consistent with its fiduciary obligations to the Fund and its other accounts involved. In some instances, this procedure may adversely affect the size of the position obtainable for the Fund or the amount of the securities that are able to be sold for the Fund. To the extent that the execution and price available from more than one broker or dealer are believed to be
42
comparable, the Advisory Agreement permits the Investment Adviser, at its discretion but subject to applicable law, to select the executing broker or dealer on the basis of the Investment Advisers opinion of the reliability and quality of the broker or dealer.
The Advisory Agreement provides that the Investment Adviser may render similar services to others so long as its services under the Advisory Agreement are not impaired thereby. The Advisory Agreement also provides that the Trust will indemnify the Investment Adviser against certain liabilities (including liabilities under the federal securities laws relating to untrue statements or omissions of material fact and actions that are in accordance with the terms of the Advisory Agreement) or, in lieu thereof, contribute to resulting losses.
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser is responsible for most of the operating expenses of the Fund, except: (i) its advisory fees payable under the Advisory Agreement; (ii) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (iii) interest expenses; (iv) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) in connection with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (v) compensation and expenses of the non-interested trustees; (vi) compensation and expenses of counsel to the non-interested trustees; (vii) tax expenses; and (viii) extraordinary expenses, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles. For its services to the Fund, the Investment Adviser is entitled to an advisory fee, computed daily and payable monthly, at annual rates set forth in the table below (expressed as a percentage of the Funds average daily net assets).
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund |
0.35 | % |
Unless sooner terminated, the Trusts Advisory Agreement will continue in effect with respect to the Fund until June 30, 2017, and thereafter for successive 12-month periods, provided that the continuance is approved at least annually: (i) by the vote of a majority of the Trustees who are not parties to the agreement or interested persons (as such term is defined in the 1940 Act) of any party thereto, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval; and (ii) by the Trustees or by the vote of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund (as defined under Description of Shares). The Advisory Agreement is terminable at any time without penalty by the Trust (by specified Trustee or shareholder action) or by the Investment Adviser on 60 days written notice.
NTI has contractually agreed to reimburse the fees and expenses of the Trusts independent trustees and their independent legal counsel until November 14, 2017. NTI has also contractually agreed to waive Management Fees or reimburse certain expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (a) any acquired fund fees and expenses, if any, incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in acquired funds managed by NTI or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or under common control with NTI (Affiliated Funds); and (b) 0.05% or such lesser amount in acquired fund fees and expenses incurred by the Fund that are attributable to the Funds investment in acquired funds that are not Affiliated Funds, until November 14, 2017. The Funds Board of Trustees may terminate the contractual arrangements at any time if it determines that it is in the best interest of the Fund and its shareholders.
Under the Advisory Agreement with FlexShares Trust, Northern Trust Corporation agrees that the name FlexShares may be used in connection with the Trusts business on a royalty-free basis. Northern Trust Corporation has reserved to itself the right to grant the non-exclusive right to use the name FlexShares to any other person. The Advisory Agreement provides that at such time as the Agreement is no longer in effect, the Trust will cease using the name FlexShares.
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Name of Fund |
Portfolio Managers |
|
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund | Bradley Camden, Brandon P. Ferguson and Daniel J. Personette |
Accounts Managed by Portfolio Managers
The table below discloses accounts within each type of category listed below for which Bradley Camden was jointly and primarily responsible for day-to-day portfolio management as of September 30, 2016.
Type of Accounts |
Total
# of Accounts Managed |
Total Assets |
# of Accounts
Managed that Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
Total Assets that
Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
||||||||||||
FlexShares Trust: |
3 | $ | 89,827,887 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Registered Investment Companies: |
3 | $ | 2,166,065,000 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: |
0 | $ | 0 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Accounts: |
61 | $ | 3,831,499,000 | 0 | $ | 0 |
The table below discloses accounts within each type of category listed below for which Brandon P. Ferguson was jointly and primarily responsible for day-to-day portfolio management as of September 30, 2016.
Type of Accounts |
Total
# of Accounts Managed |
Total Assets |
# of Accounts
Managed that Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
Total Assets that
Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
||||||||||||
FlexShares Trust: |
4 | $ | 2,523,679,291 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Registered Investment Companies: |
2 | $ | 3,071,230,000 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: |
3 | $ | 3,295,856,000 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Accounts: |
6 | $ | 2,946,364,000 | 0 | $ | 0 |
The table below discloses accounts within each type of category listed below for which Daniel J. Personette was jointly and primarily responsible for day-to-day portfolio management as of September 30, 2016.
Type of Accounts |
Total
# of Accounts Managed |
Total Assets |
# of Accounts
Managed that Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
Total Assets that
Advisory Fee is Based on Performance |
||||||||||||
FlexShares Trust: |
2 | $ | 2,473,539,668 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Registered Investment Companies: |
2 | $ | 1,716,931,425 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles: |
3 | $ | 5,469,636,985 | 0 | $ | 0 | ||||||||||
Other Accounts: |
8 | $ | 2,158,773,378 | 0 | $ | 0 |
Material Conflicts of Interest
The Investment Advisers portfolio managers are often responsible for managing one or more FlexShares Funds, as well as other accounts, including mutual funds, separate accounts and other pooled investment vehicles. The Funds portfolio managers may manage a mutual fund, separate account or other pooled investment vehicle that may have a materially higher or lower fee arrangement with the Investment Adviser than the Fund.
44
The side-by-side management of these accounts may raise potential conflicts of interest relating to cross trading, the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of trades. In addition, while portfolio managers generally only manage accounts with similar investment strategies, it is possible, due to varying investment restrictions among accounts and for other reasons, that certain investments could be made for some accounts and not others or conflicting investment positions could be taken among accounts. The Investment Adviser has a fiduciary responsibility to manage all client accounts in a fair and equitable manner. It seeks to provide best execution of all securities transactions and aggregate and then allocate securities to client accounts in a fair and timely manner. To this end, the Investment Adviser has developed policies and procedures designed to mitigate and manage the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from side-by-side management. In addition, the Investment Adviser and the Trust have adopted policies limiting the circumstances under which cross-trades may be effected between the Fund and another client account. The Investment Adviser conducts periodic reviews of trades for consistency with these policies.
The Investment Adviser will give advice to and make investment decisions for the Trust as it believes is in the fiduciary interest of the Trust. Advice given to the Trust or investment decisions made for the Trust may differ from, and may conflict with, advice given or investment decisions made for the Investment Adviser or its affiliates or other funds or accounts managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates. For example, other funds or accounts managed by the Investment Adviser may sell short securities of an issuer in which the Trust has taken, or will take, a long position in the same securities. The subsequent purchase may result in an increase of the price of the underlying position in the short sale exposure of the Trust and such increase in price would be to the Trusts detriment. Conflicts may also arise because portfolio decisions regarding the Trust may benefit the Investment Adviser or its affiliates or another account or fund managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates. For example, the sale of a long position or establishment of a short position by the Trust may impair the price of the same security sold short by (and therefore benefit) another account or fund managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates, and the purchase of a security or covering a short position in a security by the Trust may increase the price of the same security held by (and therefore benefit) another account or fund managed by the Investment Adviser or its affiliates. Actions taken with respect to the Investment Adviser and its affiliates other funds or accounts managed by them may adversely impact the Fund, and actions taken by the Fund may benefit the Investment Adviser or its affiliates or its other funds or accounts.
To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Investment Adviser may make payments to authorized dealers and other financial intermediaries (Intermediaries) from time to time to promote the Fund. These payments may be made out of the Investment Advisers assets, or amounts payable to the Investment Adviser rather than as a separately identifiable charge to the Fund. These payments may compensate Intermediaries for, among other things: marketing the Fund; access to the Intermediaries registered representatives or salespersons, including at conferences and other meetings; assistance in training and education of personnel; marketing support; and/or other specified services intended to assist in the distribution and marketing of the Fund. The payments may also, to the extent permitted by applicable regulations, contribute to various non-cash and cash incentive arrangements to promote certain products, as well as sponsor various educational programs, sales contests and/or, administrative services.
Portfolio Manager Compensation Structure
The compensation for the portfolio managers of the Fund is based on the competitive marketplace and consists of a fixed base salary plus a variable annual cash incentive award. In addition, non-cash incentives, such as stock options or restricted stock of Northern Trust Corporation, may be awarded from time to time. The annual incentive award is discretionary and is based on a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of each portfolio managers investment performance and contribution to his or her respective team plus the financial performance of the investment business unit and Northern Trust Corporation as a whole. The annual incentive award is not based on performance of the Fund or the amount of assets held in the Fund. Moreover, no material differences exist between the compensation structure for Fund accounts and other types of accounts.
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Disclosure of Securities Ownership
As of the date of this SAI, no portfolio manager owned shares of the Fund.
The Trust has delegated the voting of portfolio securities to its Investment Adviser. The Investment Adviser has adopted proxy voting policies and procedures applicable to Northern Trust Corporation and its affiliates (the Northern Proxy Voting Policy) for the voting of proxies on behalf of client accounts for which the Investment Adviser has voting discretion, including the Fund. Under the Northern Proxy Voting Policy, shares are to be voted in the best interests of the Fund.
A Proxy Committee comprised of senior investment and compliance officers of the Investment Adviser has adopted certain guidelines (the Proxy Guidelines) concerning various corporate governance issues. The Proxy Committee has the responsibility for the content, interpretation and application of the Proxy Guidelines and may apply these Proxy Guidelines with a measure of flexibility. The Investment Adviser has retained an independent third party (the Service Firm) to review proxy proposals and to make voting recommendations to the Proxy Committee in a manner consistent with the Proxy Guidelines. The Proxy Committee will apply the Proxy Guidelines as discussed below to any such recommendation.
The Proxy Guidelines provide that the Proxy Committee will generally vote for or against various proxy proposals, usually based upon certain specified criteria. As an example, the Proxy Guidelines provide that the Proxy Committee will generally vote in favor of proposals to:
| Repeal existing classified boards and elect directors on an annual basis; |
| Adopt a written majority voting or withhold policy (in situations in which a company has not previously adopted such a policy); |
| Lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements for charter and bylaw amendments; |
| Lower supermajority shareholder vote requirements for mergers and other business combinations; |
| Increase common share authorizations for a stock split; |
| Implement a reverse stock split; |
| Approve an ESOP (employee stock ownership plan) or other broad based employee stock purchase or ownership plan, or increase authorized shares for existing plans; and |
| Adopt certain social and environmental issues regarding discrimination, disclosures of environmental impact and corporate sustainability, when appropriate. |
The Proxy Guidelines also provide that the Proxy Committee will generally vote against proposals to:
| Elect director nominees that sit on more than six public company boards, or, if the nominee is a CEO, more than three public company boards; |
| Classify the board of directors; |
| Require that poison pill plans be submitted for shareholder ratification; |
| Adopt dual class exchange offers or dual class recapitalizations; |
| Require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve mergers and other significant business combinations; |
| Require a supermajority shareholder vote to approve charter and bylaw amendments; and |
| Adopt certain social and environmental proposals deemed unwarranted by the companys board of directors. |
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In certain circumstances, the Proxy Guidelines provide that proxy proposals will be addressed on a case-by-case basis, including those regarding executive and director compensation plans, mergers and acquisitions, ratification of poison pill plans, a change in the companys state of incorporation and an increase in authorized common stock.
Except as otherwise provided in the Northern Proxy Voting Policy, the Proxy Committee may vote proxies contrary to the recommendations of the Service Firm if it determines that such action is in the best interest of the Fund. In exercising its discretion, the Proxy Committee may take into account a wide array of factors relating to the matter under consideration, the nature of the proposal and the company involved. As a result, the Proxy Committee may vote in one manner in the case of one company and in a different manner in the case of another where, for example, the past history of the company, the character and integrity of its management, the role of outside directors, and the companys record of producing performance for investors justifies a high degree of confidence in the company and the effect of the proposal on the value of the investment. Similarly, poor past performance, uncertainties about management and future directions, and other factors may lead the Proxy Committee to conclude that particular proposals present unacceptable investment risks and should not be supported. In addition, the Proxy Committee also evaluates proposals in context. For example, a particular proposal may be acceptable standing alone, but objectionable when part of an existing or proposed package. Special circumstances may also justify casting different votes for different clients with respect to the same proxy vote.
The Investment Adviser may occasionally be subject to conflicts of interest in the voting of proxies due to business or personal relationships it maintains with persons having an interest in the outcome of certain votes. For example, the Investment Adviser may provide trust, custody, investment management, brokerage, underwriting, banking and related services to accounts owned or controlled by companies whose management is soliciting proxies. Occasionally, the Investment Adviser may also have business or personal relationships with other proponents of proxy proposals, participants in proxy contests, corporate directors or candidates for directorships. The Investment Adviser may also be required to vote proxies for securities issued by Northern Trust Corporation or its affiliates or on matters in which the Investment Adviser has a direct financial interest, such as shareholder approval of a change in the advisory fees paid by the Fund. The Investment Adviser seeks to address such conflicts of interest through various measures, including the establishment, composition and authority of the Proxy Committee and the retention of the Service Firm to perform proxy review and vote recommendation functions. The Proxy Committee has the responsibility to determine whether a proxy vote involves a conflict of interest and how the conflict should be addressed in conformance with the Northern Proxy Voting Policy. The Proxy Committee may resolve such conflicts in any of a variety of ways, including without limitation the following: (i) voting in accordance with the Proxy Guidelines based recommendation of the Service Firm; (ii) voting in accordance with the recommendation of an independent fiduciary appointed for that purpose; (iii) voting pursuant to client direction by seeking instructions from the Board of Trustees; or (iv) by voting pursuant to a mirror voting arrangement under which shares are voted in the same manner and proportion as shares over which the Investment Adviser does not have voting discretion. The method selected by the Proxy Committee may vary depending upon the facts and circumstances of each situation.
The Investment Adviser may choose not to vote proxies in certain situations. This may occur, for example, in situations where the exercise of voting rights could restrict the ability to freely trade the security in question (as is the case, for example, in certain foreign jurisdictions known as blocking markets). In circumstances in which the Service Firm does not provide recommendations for a particular proxy, the Proxy Committee may obtain recommendations from analysts at the Investment Adviser who review the issuer in question or the industry in general. The Proxy Committee will apply the Proxy Guidelines as discussed above to any such recommendation.
This summary of the Northern Proxy Voting Policy and Proxy Guidelines, as adopted by the Investment Adviser, is posted on the Trusts website. You may also obtain, upon request and without charge, a paper copy of the Northern Proxy Voting Policy and Proxy Guidelines or a Statement of Additional Information by calling 1-855-FLEXETF (1-855-353-9383).
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Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies, if any, relating to portfolio securities for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 will be made available, without charge, upon request, by contacting the Investment Adviser at 1-855-FLEXETF or by visiting the SECs website at www.sec.gov.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the Administrator), One Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02108, acts as Administrator for the Fund under a Fund Servicing Agreement with the Trust. Subject to the general supervision of the Trusts Board of Trustees, the Administrator provides supervision of all aspects of the Trusts non-investment advisory operations and performs various administration, compliance, accounting and regulatory services, including but not limited to: (i) providing office facilities and furnishing corporate officers for the Trust; (ii) coordination, preparation and review of financial statements; (iii) monitoring compliance with federal tax and securities laws; (iv) performing certain functions ordinarily performed by the office of a corporate treasurer, and furnishing the services and facilities ordinarily incident thereto, such as expense accrual monitoring and payment of the Trusts bills, preparing monthly reconciliation of the Trusts expense records, updating projections of annual expenses, preparing materials for review by the Board of Trustees and compliance testing; (v) maintaining the Trust books and records in accordance with applicable statutes, rules and regulations; (vi) preparing post-effective amendments to the Trusts registration statement; (vii) calculating the Funds NAV; (viii) accounting for dividends and interest received and distributions made by the Trust; and (ix) preparing and filing the Trusts federal and state tax returns (other than those required to be filed by the Trusts Custodian and Transfer Agent) and providing shareholder tax information to the Trusts Transfer Agent.
Subject to the limitations described below, as compensation for its administrative services and the assumption of related expenses, the Administrator is entitled to asset-based fees for accounting and administration services, subject to a certain minimum fee. The Administration Agreement will continue until August 31, 2017 unless sooner terminated pursuant to the agreement and renew each year thereafter unless at least sixty days notice is given prior to the end of the term. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser has contractually assumed the Trusts obligation to pay the fees of the Administrator.
Foreside Fund Services, LLC (Foreside or the Distributor), a Delaware limited liability company, serves as the distributor of Creation Units for the Fund on an agency basis. The Trust has entered into a Distribution Agreement under which Foreside, as agent, receives orders from Authorized Participants to create and redeem shares in Creation Unit Aggregations and transmits such orders to the Trusts Custodian and Transfer Agent. The Distributors principal address is Three Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA). Shares will be continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in whole Creation Units, as described in the section of this SAI entitled Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units Aggregations. The Distributor also acts as an agent for the Trust for those activities described within the Distribution Agreement. The Distributor will deliver a prospectus to Authorized Participants purchasing Shares in Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it to Authorized Participants. The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Fund or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Fund. No compensation is payable by the Trust to Foreside for such distribution services. However, the Investment Adviser has entered into an agreement with Foreside under which it makes payments to Foreside in consideration for its services under the Distribution Agreement. The payments made by the Investment Adviser to Foreside do not represent an additional expense to the Trust or its shareholders.
As stated in the Funds Prospectus, the Trust has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan pursuant to Rule 12b-1 with respect to shares of the Fund. However, no 12b-1 fee is currently charged to the Fund, and the
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Fund does not expect to pay any 12b-1 fees during the current and next fiscal years. Pursuant to the Plan, the Fund may enter into agreements from time to time with financial intermediaries providing for support and/or distribution services to customers of the financial intermediaries who are the beneficial owners of Fund shares. Under the agreements, the Fund may pay financial intermediaries up to 0.25% (on an annualized basis) of the average daily NAV of the shares beneficially owned by their customers. Distribution services may include: (i) services in connection with distribution assistance, or (ii) payments to financial institutions and other financial intermediaries, such as broker-dealers and mutual fund supermarkets, as compensation for services or reimbursement of expenses incurred in connection with distribution assistance.
Any amendment to increase materially the costs under the Distribution and Service Plan with respect to the Fund must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund. So long as the Distribution and Service Plan is in effect, the selection and nomination of the members of the Board of Trustees who are not interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of such Non-Interested Trustees.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the Transfer Agent) acts as Transfer Agent for the Fund under an Agency Services Agreement with the Trust. The Transfer Agent has undertaken to perform some or all of the following services: (i) perform and facilitate the performance of purchases and redemptions of Creation Units; (ii) prepare and transmit payments for dividends and distributions; (iii) record the issuance of shares and maintain records of the number of authorized shares; (iv) prepare and transmit information regarding purchases and redemptions of shares; (v) communicate information regarding purchases and redemptions of shares and other relevant information to appropriate parties; (vi) maintain required books and records; and (vii) perform other customary services of a transfer agent and dividend disbursing agent for an ETF (exchange traded fund).
As compensation for the services rendered by the Transfer Agent under the Agency Services Agreement the Transfer Agent is entitled to reasonable out-of-pocket or incidental expenses as provided under the Agency Services Agreement. The Agency Services Agreement will continue until August 31, 2017 unless sooner terminated pursuant to the agreement and renew each year thereafter unless at least sixty days notice is given prior to the end of a term. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser has contractually assumed the Trusts obligation to pay the expenses of the Transfer Agent.
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. (the Custodian) acts as Custodian for the Fund under a Global Custody Agreement with the Trust. The Custodian (i) holds the Funds cash and securities; (ii) maintains such cash and securities in separate accounts in the name of the Fund; (iii) receives, delivers and releases securities on behalf of the Fund; (iv) collects and receives all income, principal and other payments in respect of the Funds investments held by the Custodian; and (v) maintains a statement of account for each account of the Trust. The Custodian may employ one or more sub-custodians, provided that the Custodian shall be liable for direct losses due to the sub-custodians insolvency or the sub-custodians failure to use reasonable care, fraud or willful default in the provision of its services. The Custodian will enter into agreements with financial institutions and depositories located in foreign countries with respect to the custody of the Funds foreign securities.
As compensation for the services rendered under the Global Custody Agreement with respect to the Trust by the Custodian to the Fund, the Custodian is entitled to fees and reasonable out-of-pocket expenses. The Global Custody Agreement will continue until August 31, 2017 unless sooner terminated pursuant to the agreement and renew each year thereafter unless at least sixty days notice is given prior to the end of a term. Under the Advisory Agreement, the Investment Adviser has contractually assumed the Trusts obligation to pay the fees and expenses of the Custodian.
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JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. also serves as securities lending agent for the Fund. For such services, JPMorgan receives a percentage of securities lending revenue generated for the Fund.
The Declaration of Trust of the Trust (the Declaration) permits the Trusts Board of Trustees to cause the Trust to issue an unlimited number of full and fractional shares of beneficial interest of one or more separate series representing interests in one or more investment portfolios. The Trustees or Trust may create additional series and each series may be divided into classes.
Under the terms of the Declaration, each share of the Fund has a par value of $0.0001, and represents a proportionate interest in the particular Fund with each other share of its class in the same Fund and is entitled to such dividends and distributions out of the assets belonging to the Fund as are authorized by the Trustees and declared by the Trust. Upon any liquidation of the Fund, shareholders of each class of the Fund are entitled to share pro rata in the net assets belonging to that class available for distribution. Shares do not have any preemptive or conversion rights. The right of redemption is described under Shareholder Information in the Prospectus. In addition, pursuant to the terms of the 1940 Act, the right of a shareholder to redeem shares and the date of payment by the Fund may be suspended for more than seven days (i) for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange is closed, other than the customary weekends or holidays, or trading in the markets the Fund normally utilizes is closed or is restricted as determined by the SEC, (ii) during any emergency, as determined by the SEC, as a result of which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to dispose of instruments owned by it or fairly to determine the value of its net assets, or (iii) for such other period as the SEC may by order permit for the protection of the shareholders of the Fund. The Trust also may suspend or postpone the recording of the transfer of its shares upon the occurrence of any of the foregoing conditions. In addition, shares of the Fund are redeemable at the unilateral option of the Trust. The Declaration permits the Board to alter the number of shares constituting a Creation Unit or to specify that shares of beneficial interest of the Trust may be individually redeemable. Shares when issued as described in the Prospectus are validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. In the interests of economy and convenience, certificates representing shares of the Fund are not issued.
The proceeds received by the Fund for each issue or sale of its shares, and all net investment income, realized and unrealized gain and proceeds thereof, subject only to the rights of creditors, will be specifically allocated to and constitute the underlying assets of the Fund. The underlying assets of the Fund will be segregated on the books of account, and will be charged with the liabilities in respect to that Fund and with a share of the general liabilities of the Trust. Expenses with respect to the funds of the Trust normally are allocated in proportion to the NAV of the respective funds except where allocations of direct expenses can otherwise be fairly made.
The Fund and other funds of the Trust entitled to vote on a matter will vote in the aggregate and not by fund, except as required by law or when the matter to be voted on affects only the interests of shareholders of a particular fund or funds.
Rule 18f-2 under the 1940 Act provides that any matter required by the provisions of the 1940 Act or applicable state law, or otherwise, to be submitted to the holders of the outstanding voting securities of an investment company such as the Trust shall not be deemed to have been effectively acted upon unless approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of each investment portfolio affected by such matter. Rule 18f-2 further provides that an investment portfolio shall be deemed to be affected by a matter unless the interests of each investment portfolio in the matter are substantially identical or the matter does not affect any interest of the investment portfolio. Under the Rule, the approval of an investment advisory agreement, a distribution plan subject to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act or any change in a fundamental investment policy would be effectively acted upon with respect to an investment portfolio only if approved by a majority of the outstanding shares of such investment portfolio. However, the Rule also provides that the ratification of the
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appointment of independent accountants, the approval of principal underwriting contracts and the election of Trustees are exempt from the separate voting requirements stated above.
The Trust is not required to hold annual meetings of shareholders and does not intend to hold such meetings. In the event that a meeting of shareholders is held, each share of the Trust will be entitled, as determined by the Trustees without the vote or consent of shareholders, either to one vote for each share or to one vote for each dollar of NAV represented by such shares on all matters presented to shareholders, including the election of Trustees (this method of voting being referred to as dollar-based voting). However, to the extent required by the 1940 Act or otherwise determined by the Trustees, series and classes of the Trust will vote separately from each other. Shareholders of the Trust do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of Trustees and, accordingly, the holders of more than 50% of the aggregate voting power of the Trust may elect all of the Trustees, irrespective of the vote of the other shareholders. Meetings of shareholders of the Trust, or any series or class thereof, may be called by the Trustees or upon the written request of holders of at least a majority of the shares entitled to vote at such meeting. The shareholders of the Trust will have voting rights only with respect to the limited number of matters specified in the Declaration and such other matters as the Trustees may determine or may be required by law.
The Declaration authorizes the Trustees, without shareholder approval (except as stated in the next paragraph), to cause the Trust, or any series thereof, to merge or consolidate with any corporation, association, trust or other organization or sell or exchange all or substantially all of the property belonging to the Trust, or any series thereof. In addition, the Trustees, without shareholder approval, may adopt a master-feeder structure by investing substantially all of the assets of a series of the Trust in the securities of another open-end investment company or pooled portfolio.
The Declaration also authorizes the Trustees, in connection with the termination or other reorganization of the Trust or any series or class by way of merger, consolidation, the sale of all or substantially all of the assets, or otherwise, to classify the shareholders of any class into one or more separate groups and to provide for the different treatment of shares held by the different groups, provided that such termination or reorganization is approved by a majority of the outstanding voting securities (as defined in the 1940 Act) of each group of shareholders that are so classified.
The Declaration permits the Trustees to amend the Declaration without a shareholder vote. However, shareholders of the Trust have the right to vote on any amendment: (i) that would adversely affect the voting rights of shareholders specified in the Declaration; (ii) that is required by law to be approved by shareholders; (iii) to the amendment section of the Declaration; or (iv) that the Trustees determine to submit to shareholders.
The Declaration permits the termination of the Trust or of any series or class of the Trust: (i) by a majority of the affected shareholders at a meeting of shareholders of the Trust, series or class; or (ii) by a majority of the Trustees without shareholder approval if the Trustees determine that such action is in the best interest of the Trust or its shareholders. The factors and events that the Trustees may take into account in making such determination include: (i) the inability of the Trust or any series or class to maintain its assets at an appropriate size; (ii) changes in laws or regulations governing the Trust, or any series or class thereof, or affecting assets of the type in which it invests; or (iii) economic developments or trends having a significant adverse impact on their business or operations.
In the event of a termination of the Trust or the Fund, the Board, in its sole discretion, could determine to permit the shares to be redeemable in aggregations smaller than Creation Unit Aggregations or to be individually redeemable. In such circumstance, the Trust may make redemptions in-kind, for cash, or for a combination of cash or securities.
Under the Maryland Statutory Trust Act (the Maryland Act), shareholders are not personally liable for obligations of the Trust. The Maryland Act entitles shareholders of the Trust to the same limitation of liability as
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is available to stockholders of corporations incorporated in the State of Maryland. However, no similar statutory or other authority limiting business trust shareholder liability exists in many other states. As a result, to the extent that the Trust or a shareholder is subject to the jurisdiction of courts in such other states, those courts may not apply Maryland law and may subject the shareholders to liability. To offset this risk, the Declaration: (i) contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and provides that notice of such disclaimer may be given in each agreement, obligation and instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or its Trustees and (ii) provides for indemnification out of the property of the applicable series of the Trust of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust solely by reason of being or having been a shareholder and not because of the shareholders acts or omissions or for some other reason. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss beyond his or her investment because of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which all of the following factors are present: (i) a court refuses to apply Maryland law; (ii) the liability arises under tort law or, if not, no contractual limitation of liability is in effect; and (iii) the applicable series of the Trust is unable to meet its obligations.
The Declaration provides that the Trustees will not be liable to any person other than the Trust or a shareholder and that a Trustee will not be liable for any act as a Trustee. Additionally, subject to applicable federal law, no person who is or who has been a Trustee or officer of the Trust shall be liable to the Trust or to any shareholder for money damages except for liability resulting from (a) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services or (b) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action. However, nothing in the Declaration protects a Trustee against any liability to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration requires indemnification of Trustees and officers of the Trust unless the recipient is liable by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of such persons office.
The Declaration provides that each shareholder, by virtue of becoming such, will be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms of the Declaration and the Bylaws of the Trust.
The Declaration provides that a shareholder of the Trust may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Trust only if the following conditions are met: (i) shareholders who hold at least 10% of the outstanding shares of the Trust, or 10% of the outstanding shares of the series or class to which such action relates, must join in the request for the Trustees to commence such action; and (ii) the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim. The Declaration also provides that no person, other than the Trustees, who is not a shareholder of a particular series or class shall be entitled to bring any derivative action, suit or other proceeding on behalf of or with respect to such series or class. The Trustees will be entitled to retain counsel or other advisers in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the shareholders making such request to reimburse the Trust for the expense of any such advisers in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action.
The Trustees may appoint separate Trustees with respect to one or more series or classes of the Trusts shares (the Series Trustees). To the extent provided by the Trustees in the appointment of Series Trustees, Series Trustees: (i) may, but are not required to, serve as Trustees of the Trust or any other series or class of the Trust; (ii) may have, to the exclusion of any other Trustee of the Trust, all the powers and authorities of Trustees under the Declaration with respect to such series or class; and/or (iii) may have no power or authority with respect to any other series or class.
The term majority of the outstanding shares of either the Trust or the Fund or another investment portfolio of the Trust means, with respect to the approval of an investment advisory agreement, a distribution plan or a change in a fundamental investment policy, the vote of the lesser of (i) 67% or more of the shares of the Trust or the Fund or portfolio present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust or the Fund or portfolio are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Trust or the Fund or portfolio.
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Absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC or its staff, beneficial owners of more than 5% of the shares of the Fund may be subject to the reporting provisions of Section 13 of the 1934 Act and the SECs rules promulgated thereunder. In addition, absent an applicable exemption or other relief from the SEC staff, Officers and Trustees of the Fund and beneficial owners of 10% of the shares of the Fund (Insiders) may be subject to the insider reporting, short-swing profit and short sale provisions of Section 16 of the 1934 Act and the SECs rules promulgated thereunder. Beneficial owners and Insiders should consult with their own legal counsel concerning their obligations under Sections 13 and 16 of the 1934 Act.
On September 24, 2015, the Board of Trustees of the Trust adopted an amendment to the Trusts By-Laws to establish the state and federal courts sitting in the State of Maryland as the sole and exclusive forums for any shareholder (including a beneficial owner) to bring (i) any action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Trust, (ii) any action asserting a claim or breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any Trustee, officer or employee, if any, of the Trust to the Trust or the Trusts shareholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Trust, its Trustees, officers or employees, if any, arising pursuant to any provision of the Maryland Statutory Trust Act or the Trusts Trust Instrument or bylaw; or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Trust, its Trustees, officers or employees, if any, governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the Shareholder Information section in the Prospectus.
The Depository Trust Company (DTC) acts as Securities Depository for the Shares of the Trust. Shares of the Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the DTC Participants) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is a subsidiary of the Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation (DTCC), which is owned by its member firms including international broker/dealers, correspondent and clearing banks, mutual fund companies and investment banks. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and Trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the Indirect Participants).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in Fund shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as Beneficial Owners) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares. The laws of some jurisdictions may require that certain purchasers of securities take physical delivery of such securities in definitive form. Such laws may impair the ability of certain investors to acquire beneficial interests in shares.
Beneficial Owners of shares are not entitled to have shares registered in their names, will not receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of certificates in definitive form and are not considered the registered holder thereof. Accordingly, each Beneficial Owner must rely on the procedures of DTC, the DTC Participant and any Indirect Participant through which such Beneficial Owner holds its interests, to exercise any rights of a holder of shares. The Trust understands that under existing industry practice, in the event the Trust requests any action of
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holders of shares, or a Beneficial Owner desires to take any action that DTC, as the record owner of all outstanding shares, is entitled to take, DTC would authorize the DTC Participants to take such action and that the DTC Participants would authorize the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners acting through such DTC Participants to take such action and would otherwise act upon the instructions of Beneficial Owners owning through them. As described above, the Trust recognizes DTC or its nominee as the owner of all shares for all purposes.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the share holdings of each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares of the Fund, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares of the Trust. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a street name, and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants. The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares of the Trust at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Listing Exchange on which shares are listed.
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PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS
The Trust issues and sells shares of the Fund only in Creation Unit Aggregations. The Board of Trustees reserves the right to declare a split or a consolidation in the number of shares outstanding of any Fund of the Trust, and to make a corresponding change in the number of shares constituting a Creation Unit, in the event that the per share price in the secondary market rises (or declines) to an amount that falls outside the range deemed desirable by the Board of Trustees.
PURCHASE AND ISSUANCE OF CREATION UNIT AGGREGATIONS
General. The Trust issues and sells shares of the Fund only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at the Funds NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day (as defined herein), of an order in proper form. A Business Day with respect to the Fund is any day on which the Listing Exchange is open for business. As of the date of this SAI, each Listing Exchange observes the following holidays, as observed: New Years Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
Portfolio Deposit. Unless cash purchases are specified for the Fund, the consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of shares of the Fund generally consists of the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities and other instruments (the Deposit Securities) generally corresponding pro rata (except in certain circumstances) to the Funds portfolio positions, and an amount of cash computed as described below (the Cash Component). Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the Portfolio Deposit, which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for shares of the Fund. The Cash Component is an amount equal to the Balancing Amount (as defined below). The Balancing Amount is an amount equal to the difference between (x) the NAV (per Creation Unit) of the Fund and (y) the Deposit Amount which is the market value (per Creation Unit) of the securities deposited with the Trust. The Balancing Amount serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount. If the Balancing Amount is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is more than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will deliver the Balancing Amount. If the Balancing Amount is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will receive the Balancing Amount. Payment of any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant that purchased the Creation Unit. The Authorized Participant must ensure that all Deposit Securities properly denote change in beneficial ownership.
NTI makes available through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the list of the names and the required quantity of each Deposit Security to be included in the current Portfolio Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for the Fund. Such Portfolio Deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next-announced Portfolio Deposit composition is made available.
On a given Business Day, the Trust may require all Authorized Participants purchasing Creation Units on that day to deposit an amount of cash (that is a cash in lieu amount) to replace any Deposit Security that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed below) or, in the case of a non-U.S. Deposit Security, the security or instrument is not eligible for trading due to local trading restrictions, local restrictions on securities transfers or other similar circumstances. The Trust also reserves the right to permit a cash in lieu to replace any Deposit Security which may not be available in sufficient quantity or which may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor on whose behalf the Authorized Participant is acting. The Trust may in its discretion require an Authorized Participant to purchase
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Creation Units of the Fund in cash, rather than in-kind. On a given Business Day, the Trust may announce before the open of trading that all purchases of Creation Units of the Fund on that day will be made entirely in cash or, upon receiving a purchase order for Creation Units of the Fund from an Authorized Participant, the Trust may determine to require that purchase to be made entirely in cash.
In addition to the list of names and numbers of securities constituting the current Deposit Securities of a Portfolio Deposit, on each Business Day, the Cash Component effective through and including the previous Business Day, per outstanding Creation Unit of the Fund, will be made available.
Procedures For Creation of Creation Units. To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and to create a Creation Unit of the Fund, an entity must be a DTC Participant, and must have executed an agreement with the Distributor, with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (Participant Agreement) (discussed below). A DTC Participant who has executed a Participant Agreement is referred to as an Authorized Participant. Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants. All shares of the Fund, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of Cede & Co. for the account of a DTC Participant.
Except as described below, all creation orders must be placed for one or more Creation Units and must be received by the Distributor in proper form no later than the closing time of the regular trading session of the Listing Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m., Eastern time) (Closing Time) on any Business Day in order for creation of Creation Units to be effected based on the NAV of shares of the Fund as next determined on such date. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is timely received in proper form is referred to as the Transmittal Date. Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
All orders to create Creation Units shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request that an investor make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to an order ( e.g ., to provide for payments of cash). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of the Fund will have to be placed by the investors broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, there may be additional charges to such investor. A limited number of broker-dealers have executed a Participant Agreement and only a small number of such Authorized Participants have international capabilities. Investors placing orders for Creation Units of the Fund should ascertain the applicable deadline for DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system, as well as cash transfers, by contacting the operations department of the broker or depositary institution making the transfer of the Deposit Securities and/or Cash Component. This deadline is likely to be significantly earlier than the closing time of the regular trading session on the applicable Listing Exchange. Investors should be aware that the Authorized Participant may require orders for Creation Units placed with it to be in the form required by the individual Authorized Participant, which form may not be the same as the form of purchase order specified by the Trust that the Authorized Participant must deliver to the Distributor.
Placement of Creation Orders For The Fund. The clearance and settlement of Creation Units will depend on the nature of each security, consistent with the processes discussed below. Fund Deposits made outside the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the Clearing Process) must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a broker-dealer or other participant in the Clearing Process NSCC (Participating Party), but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of securities (other than U.S. government securities) directly through DTC, or through a transfer of U.S.
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government securities and cash directly through the Federal Reserve System. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant on the Transmittal Date in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Fund by no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Settlement Date. The Settlement Date is typically the first Business Day, but could be up to the third Business Day, following the Transmittal Date. In certain cases Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units of the same Fund on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding.
The amount of cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Custodian through the Federal Reserve Bank wire transfer system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Custodian no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Settlement Date. An order to create Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Distributor on the Transmittal Date if: (i) such order is received by the Distributor not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Custodian does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time on the Settlement Date, such order may be canceled. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using a Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV of the Fund. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date. Creation Units may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the shares on the date the order is placed in proper form since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of: (i) the Cash Component; plus (ii) at least 110%, which NTI may change from time to time, of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the Additional Cash Deposit) with the Fund pending delivery of any missing Deposit Securities.
If an Authorized Participant determines to post an additional cash deposit as collateral for any undelivered Deposit Securities, such Authorized Participant must deposit with the Custodian the appropriate amount of US Dollar cash by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the date of requested settlement. If the Authorized Participant does not place its purchase order by the closing time or the Custodian does not receive federal funds in the appropriate amount by such time, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for any resulting losses. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with Custodian, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 110%, which NTI may change from time to time, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the Settlement Date or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Trust for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the transmittal date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Custodian or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee, as listed below, will be charged. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
With respect to any non-U.S. Deposit Securities, NTI shall cause the sub-custodians of the Fund to maintain an account into which the Authorized Participant shall deliver, on behalf of itself or the party on whose behalf it is acting, the securities included in the designated Deposit Securities and/or cash. Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained at the applicable local sub-custodian(s). Orders to purchase Creation Unit Aggregations must be received by the Distributor from an Authorized Participant on its own or the applicable
57
Listing Exchange on the relevant Business Day. However, when a relevant local market is closed due to local market holidays, the local market settlement process will not commence until the end of the local holiday period. Settlement must occur by 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the contractual settlement date.
The Authorized Participant must also make available on or before the contractual settlement date, by means satisfactory to the Trust, immediately available or same day funds estimated by the Trust to be sufficient to pay the Cash Component next determined after acceptance of the purchase order, together with the applicable purchase transaction fee. Any excess funds will be returned following settlement of the issue of the Creation Unit.
Acceptance of Purchase Order. Subject to the conditions that (i) an irrevocable purchase order has been submitted by the Authorized Participant (either on its own or another investors behalf) and (ii) arrangements satisfactory to the Trust are in place for payment of the Cash Component and any other cash amounts which may be due, the Trust will accept the order, subject to its right (and the right of the Distributor and NTI) to reject any order until acceptance.
Once the Trust has accepted an order, upon next determination of the NAV of the shares, the Trust will confirm the issuance of a Creation Unit of the Fund, against receipt of payment, at such NAV. The Distributor will then transmit a confirmation of acceptance to the Authorized Participant that placed the order.
The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject or revoke acceptance of a purchase order transmitted to it by the Distributor in respect of the Fund if (a) the purchase order is not in proper form; (b) the purchaser or group of purchasers, upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of the Fund; (c) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as specified by NTI as described above; (d) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (e) the acceptance of the Portfolio Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (f) the acceptance of the Portfolio Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or NTI, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (g) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Distributor, Transfer Agent, Custodian, a sub-custodian or NTI make it for all practical purposes impossible to process purchase orders. Examples of such circumstances include acts of God; public service or utility problems; fires, floods or extreme weather conditions; power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy or computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other informational systems affecting the Trust, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, NTI, Transfer Agent, Custodian, a sub-custodian or any other participant in the creation process; and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such creator of its rejection of the purchase order. The Trust, Transfer Agent, Custodian, any sub-custodian and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Portfolio Deposits nor shall either of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Trust reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to suspend the offering of Shares of the Fund or to reject purchase orders when, in its judgment, such suspension or rejection would be in the best interests of the Trust or the Fund.
Issuance of a Creation Unit. Except as provided herein, a Creation Unit of shares of the Fund will not be issued until the transfer of good title to the Trust of the Deposit Securities and the payment of the Cash Component, or transfer of cash, as applicable, have been completed. With respect to any non-U.S. Deposit Securities, when the applicable local sub-custodian(s) have confirmed to the Custodian that the required securities included in the Portfolio Deposit (or the cash value thereof) have been delivered to the account of the applicable local sub-custodian or sub-custodians, the Distributor and the Investment Adviser shall be notified of such delivery, and the Trust will issue, and cause the delivery of the Creation Unit. Creation Units typically are issued on a T+3 basis (that is three Business Days after trade date). However, the Fund reserves the right to settle Creation Unit transactions on a basis other than T+3 in order to accommodate foreign market holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates (that is the last day the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security), and in certain other circumstances.
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To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participants agreement with the Distributor, the Trust will issue Creation Units to such Authorized Participant notwithstanding the fact that the corresponding Portfolio Deposits have not been received in part or in whole, in reliance on the undertaking of the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing Deposit Securities as soon as possible, which undertaking shall be secured by such Authorized Participants delivery and maintenance of collateral having a value at least equal to 110%, which NTI may change from time to time, of the value of the missing Deposit Securities. Such cash collateral must be delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern time, on the contractual settlement date. The only collateral that is acceptable to the Trust is cash in U.S. Dollars. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant. Information concerning the Trusts current procedures for collateralization of missing Deposit Securities is available from the Distributor. The Participant Agreement will permit the Trust to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the cash collateral.
In certain cases, Authorized Participants will create and redeem Creation Units on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis. All questions as to the number of shares of each security in the Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trusts determination shall be final and binding.
Cash Purchase Method. When cash purchases of Creation Units are specified for the Fund, they will be effected in essentially the same manner as in-kind purchases thereof. The investor must pay the cash equivalent of the designated Deposit Securities it would otherwise be required to provide through an in-kind purchase, plus the same Cash Component required to be paid by an in-kind purchaser. In addition, to offset the Trusts brokerage and other transaction costs associated with using the cash to purchase the requisite Deposit Securities, the investor will be required to pay a fixed purchase transaction fee, plus an additional variable charge for cash purchases, which is expressed as a percentage of the value per Creation Unit. The transaction fees for in-kind and cash purchases of Creation Units are described below.
Purchase Transaction Fee. Purchasers of Creation Units are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust. Investors who use the services of a broker, or other such intermediary, may be charged a fee for such services. A fixed purchase transaction fee payable to the Trust is imposed to compensate the Trust for the transfer and other transaction costs of the Fund associated with the issuance of Creation Units. The standard purchase transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by the purchaser on the same day. The Authorized Participant may also be required to pay an additional variable charge to compensate the Fund for certain brokerage, tax, foreign exchange, execution, market impact and other costs and expenses related to the execution of trades resulting from cash purchases of Creation Units (up to the maximum amount shown below). Where the Trust permits an in-kind purchaser to substitute cash in lieu of depositing a portion of the Deposit Securities, the purchaser also will be assessed an additional variable transaction charge (up to the maximum amount shown below). To the extent the Fund cannot recoup the amount of transaction costs incurred in connection with a purchase, those transaction costs will be borne by the Funds shareholders and negatively affect the Funds performance. The purchase transaction fees for in-kind purchases and cash purchases (when available) are listed in the table below. This table is subject to revision from time to time.:
FUND |
Fee for In-Kind and
Cash Purchases |
Maximum Additional
Variable Charge for Cash Purchase* |
||||||
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund |
$ | 0 | 3 | % |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit. |
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Redemption of Creation Units. Shares of the Fund may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form by the Fund through the Distributor and only on a Business Day. The Trust will not redeem shares in amounts less than Creation Units. Beneficial owners also may sell shares in the secondary market, but must accumulate enough Fund shares to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
With respect to the Fund, NTI makes available through the NSCC prior to the opening of business on the Listing Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) on each Business Day, the portfolio securities or instruments that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as defined below) on that day (Fund Securities). Unless cash redemptions are specified for the Fund, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit generally consist of Fund Securities as announced by NTI through the NSCC on the Business Day of the request for redemption, plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities, less the redemption transaction fee described below (Cash Redemption Amount). The redemption transaction fee described below is deducted from such redemption proceeds. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Fund shares, a compensating cash payment equal to such difference is required to be made by or through an Authorized Participant by the redeeming shareholder.
On a given Business Day, the Trust may require all Authorized Participants redeeming Creation Units on that day to receive an amount of cash (that is a cash in lieu amount) to replace any Fund Security that may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC or the Clearing Process (discussed above) or, in the case of a non-U.S. Fund Security, the security or instrument is not eligible for trading due to local trading restrictions, local restrictions on securities transfers or other similar circumstances. The Trust also reserves the right to permit a cash in lieu to replace any Fund Security which may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor on whose behalf the Authorized Participant is acting or if a shareholder would be subject to unfavorable income tax treatment if the shareholder received redemption proceeds in kind. On a given Business Day, the Trust may announce before the open of trading that all redemptions of Creation Units of the Fund on that day will be made entirely in cash or, upon receiving a redemption order for Creation Units of the Fund from an Authorized Participant, the Trust may determine to require that redemption to be made entirely in cash.
When cash redemptions of Creation Units are specified for the Fund, they will be effected in essentially the same manner as in-kind redemptions thereof. The investor will receive the cash equivalent of the designated Fund Securities it would otherwise have received through an in-kind redemption, plus the same Cash Redemption Amount required to be paid to an in-kind redeemer. In addition, to offset the Trusts brokerage and other transaction costs associated with a cash redemption, the investor will be required to pay a fixed redemption transaction fee, plus an additional variable charge for cash redemptions, which is expressed as a percentage of the value per Creation Unit. The transaction fees for in-kind and cash redemptions of Creation Units are described below.
Investors will bear the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Trust to their account on the order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services. A fixed redemption transaction fee payable to the Trust is imposed to offset transfer and other transaction costs that may be incurred by the Fund. The standard redemption transaction fee will be the same regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed by an investor on the same day. The Authorized Participant may also be required to pay a variable transaction fee to compensate the Fund for certain brokerage, tax, foreign exchange, execution, market impact and other costs and expenses related to the execution of trades resulting from cash redemptions of Creation Units (up to the maximum amount shown below). Where the Trust requires or permits an in-kind redeemer to substitute cash in lieu of receiving a portion of the Deposit Securities, the redeemer also will be
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assessed an additional variable transaction charge (up to the maximum amount shown below). To the extent the Fund cannot recoup the amount of transaction costs incurred in connection with a redemption, those transaction costs will be borne by the Funds remaining shareholders and negatively affect the Funds performance. The redemption transaction fee for redemptions in kind and for cash and the additional variable charge for cash redemptions (when cash redemptions are available or specified) are listed in the table below.
FUND |
Fee for In-Kind and
Cash Redemptions |
Maximum Additional
Variable Charge for Cash Redemption* |
||||||
FlexShares Core Select Bond Fund |
$ | 0 | 2 | % |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive of the standard transaction fee. |
Placement of Redemption Orders For The Fund. Orders to redeem Creation Units of the Fund must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units to be effected outside the Clearing Process does not need to be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units will instead be effected through transfer of shares directly through DTC. An order in good form to redeem Creation Units outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Trust on the Transmittal Date if: (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than the Closing Time on such Transmittal Date; (ii) such order is accompanied or followed by the requisite number of shares of the Fund specified in such order, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Transfer Agent no later than 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the contracted settlement date; and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. After the Trust has deemed an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process received, the Trust will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities which are generally expected to be delivered within three Business Days and the Cash Redemption Amount to the Authorized Participant on behalf of the redeeming Beneficial Owner by the Settlement Date. Due to the schedule of holidays in certain countries, however, the delivery of in-kind redemption proceeds for the Fund may take longer than three Business Days after the Transmittal Date. In such cases, the local market settlement procedures will not commence until the end of local holiday periods. See Appendix A for a list of local holidays in the non-U.S. countries relevant to the Fund. In certain cases Authorized Participants will redeem and create Creation Units of the same Fund on the same trade date. In these instances, the Trust reserves the right to settle these transactions on a net basis.
Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement, and that, therefore, requests to redeem Creation Units may have to be placed by the investors broker through an Authorized Participant who has executed a Participant Agreement. At any given time there will be only a limited number of broker-dealers that have executed an Authorized Participant Agreement. Investors making a redemption request should be aware that such request must be in the form specified by such Authorized Participant. Investors making a request to redeem Creation Units should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the request by an Authorized Participant and transfer of the shares to the Trusts Transfer Agent; such investors should allow for the additional time that may be required to effect redemptions through their banks, brokers or other financial intermediaries if such intermediaries are not Authorized Participants.
In connection with taking delivery of shares of non-U.S. Fund Securities upon redemption of shares of the Fund, a redeeming Beneficial Owner or Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such Beneficial Owner must maintain appropriate security arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the portfolio securities are customarily traded, to which account such portfolio securities will be delivered.
To the extent permitted by an Authorized Participants agreement with the Distributor, in the event the Authorized Participant has submitted a Redemption Order in proper form but is unable to transfer the Fund Shares to the Custodian at or prior to 10:00 a.m., Eastern time, on the next Business Day following the
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Transmittal Date, the Fund at its discretion may, in reliance on the undertaking by the Participant to deliver the missing Fund Shares as soon as possible, allow the Participant to provide and maintain collateral to secure the Participants obligation to deliver Fund Shares. The collateral provided must be in US Dollars, with an initial value at least equal to 110% of the value of the entire Redemption Order (marked-to-market daily). The collateral percentage required may change from time to time. Such cash collateral must be requested no later than 10:00a.m. Eastern Time, and delivered no later than 2:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the Listing Exchange business day after the date of submission of such redemption request. The Participant Agreement may permit the fund to purchase the missing shares or acquire the portfolio securities and the Cash Component underlying such shares at any timesuch purchase may subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such shares, portfolio securities or Cash Component and the value of the cash collateral. The Fund will only return the collateral provided by the Participant once the Fund verifies that all Fund Shares for the corresponding Redemption Order have settled at the Trusts Custodian. The Trusts current procedures require, among other things, that any cash collateral shall be in the form of U.S. dollars in immediately available funds and shall be held by the Trusts Custodian and marked to market daily, and that the fees of the Custodian and any sub-custodians in respect of the delivery, maintenance and redelivery of the cash collateral shall be payable by the Authorized Participant. The cash collateral posted by the Authorized Participant may be invested at the risk of the Authorized Participant, and income, if any, on invested cash collateral will be paid to that Authorized Participant.
The calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered upon redemption will be made by the Trust according to the procedures set forth under Determination of Net Asset Value in the Funds Prospectus and Net Asset Value below computed on the Business Day on which a redemption order is deemed received in good form by the Trust. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted to the Transfer Agent by a DTC Participant not later than Closing Time on the Transmittal Date, and the requisite number of shares of the Fund are delivered to Transfer Agent prior to the DTC Cut-Off-Time, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered will be determined by Trust on such Transmittal Date. If, however, a redemption order is submitted to the Transfer Agent by a DTC Participant not later than the Closing Time on the Transmittal Date but either (i) the requisite number of shares of the Fund are not delivered by the DTC Cut-Off-Time, as described above, on such Transmittal Date, or (ii) the redemption order is not submitted in proper form, then the redemption order will not be deemed received as of the Transmittal Date. In such case, the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Amount to be delivered will be computed on the Business Day that such order is deemed received by the Trust, (i.e., the Business Day on which the shares of the Fund are delivered through DTC to the Transfer Agent by the DTC Cut-Off-Time) on such Business Day pursuant to a properly submitted redemption order.
Because the portfolio securities of the Fund may trade on the relevant exchange(s) on days that the Listing Exchange is closed or are otherwise not Business Days for the Fund, shareholders may not be able to redeem their shares of the Fund, or to purchase or sell shares of the Fund on the Listing Exchange, on days when the NAV of the Fund could be significantly affected by events in the relevant foreign markets.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to the Fund (1) for any period during which the New York Stock Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the New York Stock Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of the Funds portfolio securities or determination of its NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
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The following summarizes certain additional federal income tax considerations generally affecting the Fund and its shareholders that are not described in the Prospectus. No attempt is made to present a detailed explanation of the tax treatment of the Fund or its shareholders, and the discussions here and in the Prospectus are not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Potential investors should consult their tax advisers with specific reference to their own tax situations.
The discussions of the federal income tax consequences in the Prospectus and this SAI are based on the Code and the regulations issued under it, and court decisions and administrative interpretations, as in effect on the date of this SAI. Future legislative or administrative changes or court decisions may significantly alter the statements included herein, and any such changes or decisions may be retroactive.
The Fund intends to qualify as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of Subtitle A, Chapter 1, of the Code. As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally will be exempt from federal income tax on its net investment income and realized capital gains that it distributes to shareholders. To qualify for treatment as a regulated investment company, it must meet three important tests each year.
First, the Fund must derive with respect to each taxable year at least 90% of its gross income from dividends, interest, certain payments with respect to securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities, other income derived with respect to the Funds business of investing in stock, securities or currencies, or net income derived from interests in qualified publicly traded partnerships.
Second, generally, at the close of each quarter of the Funds taxable year, at least 50% of the value of the Funds assets must consist of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies, and securities of other issuers as to which (a) the Fund has not invested more than 5% of the value of its total assets in securities of the issuer and (b) the Fund does not hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of the issuer, and no more than 25% of the value of the Funds total assets may be invested in the securities of (1) any one issuer (other than U.S. government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies), (2) two or more issuers that the Fund controls and which are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or (3) one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
Third, the Fund must distribute an amount equal to at least the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (net investment income and the excess of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital loss), before taking into account any deduction for dividends paid, and 90% of its tax-exempt income, if any, for the year.
The Fund intends to comply with these requirements. If the Fund were to fail to make sufficient distributions, it could be liable for corporate income tax and for excise tax in respect of the shortfall or, if the shortfall is large enough, the Fund could be disqualified as a regulated investment company. If for any taxable year the Fund were not to qualify as a regulated investment company, all its taxable income would be subject to tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for distributions to shareholders. In that event, taxable shareholders would recognize dividend income on distributions (including distributions attributable to tax-exempt income) to the extent of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits, and corporate shareholders could be eligible for the dividends-received deduction.
The Code imposes a nondeductible 4% excise tax on regulated investment companies that fail to currently distribute an amount equal to specified percentages of their ordinary taxable income and capital gain net income (excess of capital gains over capital losses) by the end of each calendar year. The Fund intends to make sufficient distributions or deemed distributions of its ordinary taxable income and capital gain net income each calendar year to avoid liability for this excise tax.
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The Fund intends to distribute annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income, and any net realized long-term capital gains in excess of net realized short-term capital losses (including any capital loss carryovers. However, if the Fund retains for investment an amount equal to all or a portion of its net long-term capital gains in excess of its net short-term capital losses (including any capital loss carryovers), it will be subject to a corporate tax (currently at a maximum rate of 35%) on the amount retained. In that event, the Fund may designate such retained amounts as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who, in such case, (a) will be required to include in income for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gains, their proportionate shares of the undistributed amount, (b) will be entitled to credit their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on the undistributed amount against their U.S. federal income tax liabilities, if any, and to claim refunds to the extent their credits exceed their liabilities, if any, and (c) will be entitled to increase their tax basis, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, in their shares by an amount equal to the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholders income reduced by their proportionate share of the taxes paid. Organizations or persons not subject to U.S. federal income tax on such capital gains will be entitled to a refund of their pro rata share of such taxes paid by the Fund upon filing appropriate returns or claims for refund with the Internal Revenue Service.
Distributions of net realized long-term capital gains, if any, that the Fund designates as capital gains dividends are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long a shareholder has held shares of the Fund. All other dividends of the Fund (including dividends from short-term capital gains) from its current and accumulated earnings and profits (regular dividends) are generally subject to tax as ordinary income.
If an individual trust or estate receives a qualified dividend qualifying for the long-term capital gains rates and such dividend constitutes an extraordinary dividend, and the individual subsequently recognizes a loss on the sale or exchange of stock in respect of which the extraordinary dividend was paid, then the loss will be long-term capital loss to the extent of such extraordinary dividend. An extraordinary dividend on common stock for this purpose is generally a dividend (i) in an amount greater than or equal to 10% of the taxpayers tax basis (or trading value) in a share of stock, aggregating dividends with ex-dividend dates within an 85-day period or (ii) in an amount greater than 20% of the taxpayers tax basis (or trading value) in a share of stock, aggregating dividends with ex-dividend dates within a 365-day period.
Distributions in excess of the Funds current and accumulated earnings and profits will, as to each shareholder, be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of a shareholders basis in his shares of the Fund, and as a capital gain thereafter (if the shareholder holds his shares of the Fund as capital assets). Shareholders receiving dividends or distributions in the form of additional shares should be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as receiving a distribution in an amount equal to the amount of money that the shareholders receiving cash dividends or distributions will receive, and should have a cost basis in the shares received equal to such amount.
Investors considering buying shares just prior to a dividend or capital gain distribution should be aware that, although the price of shares just purchased at that time may reflect the amount of the forthcoming distribution, such dividend or distribution may nevertheless be taxable to them. If the Fund is the holder of record of any stock on the record date for any dividends payable with respect to such stock, such dividends will be included in the Funds gross income not as of the date received but as of the later of (a) the date such stock became ex-dividend with respect to such dividends (that is, the date on which a buyer of the stock would not be entitled to receive the declared, but unpaid, dividends) or (b) the date the Fund acquired such stock. Accordingly, in order to satisfy its income distribution requirements, the Fund may be required to pay dividends based on anticipated earnings, and shareholders may receive dividends in an earlier year than would otherwise be the case.
In certain cases, if a shareholder: (1) has failed to provide a correct taxpayer identification number; (2) is subject to backup withholding by the Internal Revenue Service; (3) has failed to certify that such shareholder is
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not subject to backup withholding; or (4) has not certified that such shareholder is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien), 28% of the dividends and distributions payable to such shareholder will be withheld and remitted to the U.S. Treasury.
The Trust on behalf of the Fund has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of the Fund if the purchaser (or group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of a given Fund and if, pursuant to Sections 351 and 362 of the Code, that Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. If the Funds basis in such securities on the date of deposit was less than market value on such date, the Fund, upon disposition of the securities, would recognize more taxable gain or less taxable loss than if its basis in the securities had been equal to market value. It is not anticipated that the Trust will exercise the right of rejection except in a case where the Trust determines that accepting the order could result in material adverse tax consequences to the Fund or its shareholders. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
NET CAPITAL LOSS CARRYFORWARDS
The Fund is permitted to carry forward unused capital losses for an unlimited period. Capital loss carry forwards will retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses.
Certain types of income received by the Fund from real estate investment Trusts (REITs), REMICs, taxable mortgage pools or other investments may cause the Fund to designate some or all of its distributions as excess inclusion income. To Fund shareholders such excess inclusion income may: (1) constitute taxable income, as unrelated business taxable income (UBTI) for those shareholders who would otherwise be tax-exempt such as individual retirement accounts, 401(k) accounts, Keogh plans, pension plans and certain charitable entities; (2) as UBTI cause a charitable remainder Trust to be subject to a 100% excise tax on its UBTI; (3) not be offset against net operating losses for tax purposes; (4) not be eligible for reduced U.S. withholding for non-U.S. shareholders even from tax treaty countries; and (5) cause the Fund to be subject to tax if certain disqualified organizations as defined by the Code are Fund shareholders.
TAXATION OF INCOME FROM CERTAIN FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The tax principles applicable to transactions in variable rate debt instruments, financial instruments and futures contracts and options that may be engaged in by the Fund, are complex and, in some cases, uncertain. Such transactions and investments may cause the Fund to recognize taxable income prior to the receipt of cash, thereby requiring the Fund to liquidate other positions, or to borrow money, so as to make sufficient distributions to shareholders to avoid corporate-level tax. Moreover, some or all of the taxable income recognized may be ordinary income or short-term capital gain, so that the distributions may be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income.
Upon the sale or exchange of his shares, a shareholder will realize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and his basis in his shares. A redemption of shares by the Fund will be treated as a sale for this purpose. Except as provided below, such gain or loss will be treated as capital gain or loss if the shares are capital assets in the shareholders hands, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for more than one year and short-term capital gain or loss if the shares are held for one year or less. Any loss realized on a sale or exchange will be disallowed to the extent the shares disposed of are replaced,
65
including replacement through the reinvesting of dividends and capital gains distributions in the Fund, within a 61-day period beginning 30 days before and ending 30 days after the disposition of the shares. In such a case, the basis of the shares acquired will be increased to reflect the disallowed loss. Any loss realized by a shareholder on the sale of the Fund share held by the shareholder for six months or less will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a long-term capital loss to the extent of any distributions or deemed distributions of long-term capital gains received by the shareholder with respect to such share.
Dividends, distributions and redemption proceeds may also be subject to additional state, local and foreign taxes depending on each shareholders particular situation.
TAXATION OF NON-U.S. SHAREHOLDERS
Dividends paid by the Fund to non-U.S. shareholders are generally subject to withholding tax at a 30% rate or a reduced rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty to the extent derived from investment income and short-term capital gains. In order to obtain a reduced rate of withholding, a non-U.S. shareholder will be required to provide an IRS Form W- 8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable, certifying its entitlement to benefits under a treaty. Certain interest related dividends and short term capital gain dividends as designated by the Fund are not subject to this 30% withholding tax if the shareholder provides a properly completed Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E, as applicable. The withholding tax does not apply to regular dividends paid to a non-U.S. shareholder who provides a Form W-8ECI, certifying that the dividends are effectively connected with the non-U.S. shareholders conduct of a trade or business within the United States. Instead, the effectively connected dividends will be subject to regular U.S. income tax as if the non-U.S. shareholder were a U.S. shareholder. A non-U.S. corporation receiving effectively connected dividends may also be subject to additional branch profits tax imposed at a rate of 30% (or lower treaty rate). A non-U.S. shareholder who fails to provide an IRS Form W-8BEN, W-8BEN-E or other applicable form may be subject to backup withholding at the appropriate rate.
In general, United States federal withholding tax will not apply to any gain or income realized by a non-U.S. shareholder in respect of any distributions of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses, exempt-interest dividends, or upon the sale or other disposition of shares of the Fund.
Ordinary dividends, redemption payments and certain capital gain dividends to a non-U.S. shareholder that fails to make certain required certifications, or that is a foreign financial institution as defined in Section 1471 of the Code and that does not meet the requirements imposed on foreign financial institutions by Section 1471, are generally subject to a U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate. Withholding on redemption payments and certain capital gain dividends is currently scheduled to begin after December 31, 2018. The extent, if any, to which such withholding tax may be reduced or eliminated by an applicable tax treaty is unclear. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of such agreement.
If a shareholder recognizes a loss with respect to the Funds shares of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder may be required to file with the Internal Revenue Service a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases exempted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a regulated investment company are not exempted. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayers treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
66
Certain tax-exempt entities and their managers may be subject to excise tax if they are parties to certain reportable transactions.
The foregoing discussion is a summary only and is not intended as a substitute for careful tax planning. Purchasers of shares should consult their own tax advisers as to the tax consequences of investing in such shares, including under state, local and foreign tax laws. Finally, the foregoing discussion is based on applicable provisions of the Code, regulations, judicial authority and administrative interpretations in effect on the date of this Statement of Additional Information. Changes in applicable authority could materially affect the conclusions discussed above, and such changes often occur.
67
Net asset value is determined as indicated under Determination of Net Asset Value in the Funds Prospectus.
The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time by which orders must be received may be changed in case of an emergency or if regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange is stopped at a time other than 4:00 p.m. Eastern Standard Time. On any business day when the Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association (SIFMA) recommends that the bond markets close early, the Fund reserve the right to close at or prior to the SIFMA recommended closing time and credit will be given on the next business day. The Trust reserves the right to advance the time by which purchase and redemption orders must be received for same business day credit as otherwise permitted by the SEC. In addition, the Fund may compute its NAV as of any time permitted pursuant to any exemption, order or statement of the SEC or its staff. The Trust reserves the right to reprocess purchase and redemption transactions that were processed at a NAV other than the Funds official closing NAV. For instance, if a pricing error is discovered that impacts the Funds NAV, the corrected NAV would be the official closing NAV and the erroneous NAV would be a NAV other than the Funds official closing NAV. Those transactions that were processed using the erroneous NAV may then be reprocessed using the official closing NAV.
68
Dividends from net investment income are generally declared and paid monthly and any net realized securities gains, if any, generally are distributed at least annually. In order to comply with the distribution requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, dividends may be declared and paid more frequently than annually for the Fund. Dividends and securities gains distributions are distributed in U.S. dollars and cannot be automatically reinvested in additional shares of the Fund. The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
Dividends and other distributions on Fund Shares are distributed, as described below, on a pro rata basis to Beneficial Owners of such Shares. Dividend payments are made through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants to Beneficial Owners then of record with proceeds received from the Fund.
No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Broker-dealers may make available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by Beneficial Owners of the Fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial Owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require Beneficial Owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of the same Fund purchased in the secondary market.
69
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP, with offices at One Logan Square, Ste. 2000, Philadelphia, PA 19103-6996, is counsel to the Trust.
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
Deloitte & Touche LLP, located at 111 South Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606-4301, serves as the independent registered public accounting firm of the Trust, audits the Funds financial statements and may perform other services.
The Prospectus and this SAI do not contain all the information included in the Registration Statement filed with the SEC under the Securities Act with respect to the securities offered by the Trusts Prospectus. Certain portions of the Registration Statement have been omitted from the Prospectus and this SAI pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC. The Registration Statement, including the exhibits filed therewith, may be examined at the office of the SEC in Washington, D.C.
Statements contained in the Prospectus or in this SAI as to the contents of any contract or other documents referred to are not necessarily complete, and in each instance reference is made to the copy of such contract or other document filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which the Prospectus and this SAI form a part, each such statement being qualified in all respects by such reference.
70
The Fund generally intends to effect deliveries of Creation Units and portfolio securities on a basis of T plus three business days. The Fund may effect deliveries of Creation Units and portfolio securities on a basis other than T plus three in order to accommodate local holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates, or under certain other circumstances. The ability of the Trust to effect in-kind creations and redemptions within three business days of receipt of an order in good form is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle may be extended by the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within the normal settlement period.
The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring portfolio securities to redeeming investors, coupled with foreign market holiday schedules, may require a delivery process longer than seven calendar days for the Fund in certain circumstances. The holidays through December 31, 2017 are listed below, as are instances where more than seven days may be needed to deliver redemption proceeds. Although certain holidays may occur on different dates in subsequent years, the number of days required to deliver redemption proceeds in any given year is not expected to exceed the maximum number of days listed below. The proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as informal holidays (e.g., days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading hours), the elimination of existing holidays, or changes in local securities delivery practices, could affect the information set forth herein at some time in the future.
Regular Holidays through December 31, 2016.
Australia | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
June 13, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 | |||
January 26, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
August 1, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
March 7, 2016 |
April 25, 2016 |
September 26, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
March 14, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
||||
Austria | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
October 26, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
January 6, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
May 26, 2016 |
December 8, 2016 |
||||
March 28, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
||||
Belgium | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
March 25, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
March 28, 2016 |
July 21, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
A-1
Brazil | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
February 9, 2016 |
May 26, 2016 |
November 2, 2016 | |||
January 25, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
September 7, 2016 |
November 15, 2016 | |||
February 8, 2016 |
April 21, 2016 |
October 12, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
Britain | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
April 22, 2016 |
June 24, 2016 |
December 6, 2016 | |||
January 4, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
July 4, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
January 6 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
August 1, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
January 18, 2016 |
May 6, 2016 |
August 29, 2016 |
December 28, 2016 | |||
January 25, 2016 |
May 9, 2016 |
September 5, 2016 |
December 29, 2016 | |||
February 10, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
February 15, 2016 |
May 17, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
||||
March 24, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
November 14, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
November 24, 2016 |
||||
March 28, 2015 |
June 13, 2016 |
November 30, 2016 |
||||
Canada | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 23, 2016 |
September 5, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
February 15, 2016 |
July 1, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
March 25, 2016 |
August 1, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
||||
Chilé | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
August 15 2016 |
October 31, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
September 19, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
June 27, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
December 8, 2016 |
||||
China | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
February 11, 2016 |
September 15, 2016 |
||||
February 8, 2016 |
February 12, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
||||
February 9, 2016 |
April 4, 2016 |
October 4, 2016 |
||||
February 10, 2016 |
June 9, 2016 |
October 5, 2016 |
||||
Colombia | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
July 4, 2016 |
November 7, 2016 | |||
January 11, 2016 |
May 9, 2016 |
July 20, 2016 |
November 14, 2016 | |||
March 21 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
December 8, 2016 | |||
March 24, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
October 17, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
The Czech Republic | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
July 5, 2016 |
September 28, 2016 |
November 17, 2016 | |||
March 28, 2016 |
July 6, 2016 |
October 28, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
A-2
The Egyptian market is closed every Friday.
Finland | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
December 6, 2016 |
|||
January 6, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
June 24, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
France | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 |
||||
March 28, 2016 |
August 29 2016 |
|||||
Germany | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
May 26, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
Greece | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
January 6, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
June 20, 2016 |
||||
February 8, 2016 |
April 29, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
||||
March 14, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
October 28, 2016 |
||||
Hong Kong | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
July 1, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
February 9, 2016 |
April 4, 2016 |
September 16, 2016 |
||||
February 10, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
||||
Hungary | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
October 31, 2016 |
||||
March 14, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
March 15, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
A-3
India | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
April 8, 2016 |
July 6, 2016 |
October 11, 2016 |
|||
January 26, 2016 |
April 14, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
October 31, 2016 | |||
March 23, 2016 |
April 19, 2016 |
August 19, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 |
|||
March 25, 2016 |
May 21, 2016 |
September 13, 2016 |
||||
April 1, 2016 |
July 1, 2016 |
September 30, 2016 |
||||
Indonesia | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
July 8, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
August 17, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 | |||
March 9, 2016 |
July 7, 2016 |
September 13, 2016 |
||||
Ireland | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28,2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
March 17, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
July 12, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
March 25, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
August 29, 2016 |
||||
Israel | ||||||
March 24, 2016 |
May 13, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
October 16, 2016 |
|||
April 22, 2016 |
June 12, 2016 |
October 4, 2016 |
October 17, 2016 | |||
April 28, 2016 |
August 14, 2016 |
October 11, 2016 |
October 24, 2016 |
|||
April 29, 2016 |
October 2, 2016 |
October 12, 2016 |
December 25, 2016 | |||
May 12, 2106 |
The Israeli market is closed every Friday.
Italy | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
April 25, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
January 6, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
||||
Japan | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 3, 2016 |
September 19, 2016 |
||||
January 11, 2016 |
May 4, 2016 |
September 22, 2016 |
||||
February 11, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
||||
March 21, 2016 |
July 18, 2016 |
November 3, 2016 |
||||
April 29, 2016 |
August 11, 2016 |
November 23, 2016 |
||||
Malaysia | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
July 7, 2016 |
October 31, 2016 |
|||
February 1, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
August 31, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 | |||
February 8, 2016 |
May 31, 2016 |
September 12, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
February 9, 2016 |
July 6, 2016 |
September 16, 2016 |
A-4
Mexico | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 24, 2016 |
November 2, 2016 |
||||
February 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
November 21, 2016 |
||||
March 21, 2016 |
September 16, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 |
||||
Morocco | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
July 7, 2016 |
November 18, 2016 |
||||
January 11, 2016 |
September 13, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 |
||||
July 6, 2016 |
September 14, 2016 |
December 13, 2016 |
||||
Netherlands | ||||||
January1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
|||
March 25, 2016 |
April 27, 2016 |
May 12, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
New Zealand | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
February 8, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
||||
January 4, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
October 24, 2016 |
||||
January 25, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
||||
February 1, 2016 |
April 25, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 |
||||
Norway | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
May 17, 2016 |
|||
March 24, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
Peru | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
June 29, 2016 |
August 30, 2016 |
||||
March 24, 2016 |
July 28, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
July 29, 2016 |
December 8, 2016 |
||||
The Philippines | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
August 29, 2016 |
November 30, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
July 6, 2016 |
September 12, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
March 24, 2016 |
August 26, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
Poland | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
January 6, 2016 |
May 3, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
March 25, 2016 |
May 26, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
||||
Portugal | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
A-5
Russia | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
February 15, 2016 |
June 13, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
January 4, 2016 |
February 23, 2016 |
July 4, 2016 |
||||
January 5, 2016 |
March 8, 2016 |
September 5, 2016 |
||||
January 6, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
||||
January 7, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
November 4, 2016 |
||||
January 8, 2016 |
May 9, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
||||
January 18, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
November 24, 2016 |
||||
Singapore | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
August 9, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
September 13, 2016 |
||||
February 9, 2016 |
July 7, 2016 |
October 31, 2016 |
||||
South Africa | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
June 16, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
March 21, 2016 |
April 27, 2016 |
August 9, 2016 |
December 27, 2016 | |||
March 25, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
December 16, 2016 |
||||
South Korea | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 1, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
October 3, 2016 |
|||
February 8, 2016 |
April 13, 2016 |
September 14, 2016 |
December 30, 2016 | |||
February 9, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
September 15, 2016 |
||||
February 10, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
September 16, 2016 |
||||
Spain | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
August 15, 2016 |
December 8, 2016 |
|||
March 24, 2016 |
May 26, 2016 |
October 12, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
March 25, 2016 |
July 25, 2016 |
November 1, 2016 |
||||
Sweden | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
June 24, 2016 |
|||
January 6, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
June 6, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
Switzerland | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 28, 2016 |
May 16, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 |
|||
March 25, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
August 1, 2016 |
||||
Taiwan | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
April 4, 2016 |
June 9, 2016 |
||||
February 8, 2016 |
April 5, 2016 |
September 15, 2016 |
||||
February 9, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
A-6
Thailand | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
April 14, 2016 |
May 23, 2016 |
October 24, 2016 |
|||
February 22, 2016 |
April 15, 2016 |
July 1, 2016 |
December 5, 2016 | |||
April 6, 2016 |
May 2, 2016 |
July 18, 2016 |
December 12, 2016 |
|||
April 13, 2016 |
May 5, 2016 |
August 12, 2016 |
||||
Turkey | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
July 6, 2016 |
August 30, 2016 |
September 14, 2016 |
|||
May 19, 2016 |
July 7, 2016 |
September 12, 2016 |
September 15, 2016 | |||
July 5, 2016 |
July 8, 2016 |
September 13, 2016 |
October 28, 2016 |
|||
The United Kingdom | ||||||
January 1, 2016 |
March 25, 2016 |
September 5, 2016 |
November 24, 2016 |
|||
January 18, 2016 |
May 30, 2016 |
October 10, 2016 |
December 26, 2016 | |||
February 15, 2016 |
July 4, 2016 |
November 11, 2016 |
Regular Holidays through December 31, 2017.:
Australia | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
June 12, 2017 |
November 7, 2017 |
|||
January 26, 2017 |
April 17, 2017 |
August 7, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
March 6, 2017 |
April 25, 2017 |
September 25, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
March 13, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
October 2, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 | |||
Austria | ||||||
January 6, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
October 26, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
December 29, 2017 | |||
April 17, 2017 |
June 15, 2017 |
December 8, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
May 1, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
Belgium | ||||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 17, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
July 21, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
Brazil | ||||||
January 25, 2017 |
April 21, 2017 |
October 12, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
February 27, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
November 2, 2017 |
December 29, 2017 | |||
February 28, 2017 |
June 15, 2017 |
November 15, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
September 7, 2017 |
November 20, 2017 |
A-7
Britain | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 12, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
January 3, 2017 |
May 9, 2017 |
June 23, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 | |||
January 6, 2017 |
May 12, 2017 |
July 3, 2017 |
December 27, 2017 |
|||
January 16, 2017 |
May 15, 2017 |
July 4, 2017 |
December 28, 2017 | |||
January 23, 2017 |
May 17, 2017 |
August 28, 2017 |
December 29, 2017 |
|||
February 20, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
September 4, 2017 |
||||
March 1, 2017 |
May 26, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
||||
April 13, 2017 |
May 29, 2017 |
November 13, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
November 23, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2015 |
June 6, 2017 |
December 6, 2017 |
||||
Canada | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 22, 2017 |
September 4, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
February 20, 2017 |
July 3, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 | |||
April 14, 2017 |
August 7, 2017 |
November 13, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
Chilé | ||||||
April 14, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
December 8, 2017 |
|||
May 1, 2017 |
September 18, 2017 |
October 27, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
June 26, 2017 |
September 19, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
China | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
February 1, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
October 4, 2017 |
|||
January 27, 2017 |
February 2, 2017 |
May 30, 2017 |
October 5, 2017 | |||
January 30, 2017 |
February 3, 2017 |
October 2, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
January 31, 2017 |
April 5, 2017 |
October 3, 2017 |
||||
Colombia | ||||||
January 9, 2017 |
May 29, 2017 |
August 7, 2017 |
December 8, 2017 |
|||
March 20, 2017 |
June 19, 2017 |
August 21, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
April 13, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
October 16, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
July 3, 2017 |
November 6, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
July 20, 2017 |
November 13, 2017 |
||||
The Czech Republic | ||||||
April 17, 2017 |
July 5, 2017 |
November 17, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
July 6, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
May 8, 2017 |
September 28, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
A-8
Denmark | ||||||
April 13, 2017 |
May 12, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
May 26, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
Egypt | ||||||
January 25, 2017 |
April 25, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
September 21, 2017 |
|||
April 16, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
July 23, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
June 25, 2017 |
August 31, 2107 |
The Egyptian market is closed every Friday.
Finland | ||||||
January 6, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 6, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
June 23, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
France | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 29, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
August 28, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
||||
Germany | ||||||
February 27, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 15, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
October 3, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 | |||
April 17, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
Greece | ||||||
January 6, 2017 |
April 17, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
||||
February 27, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
Hong Kong | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
May 30, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
January 27, 2017 |
April 17, 2017 |
October 2, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 | |||
January 30, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
October 5, 2017 |
||||
April 5, 2017 |
May 3, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
Hungary | ||||||
March 15, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
October 23, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
A-9
India | ||||||
January 26, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 19, 2017 |
October 20, 2017 |
|||
March 29, 2017 |
May 10, 2017 |
September 2, 2017 |
December 1, 2017 | |||
April 1, 2017 |
July 1, 2017 |
September 30, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
October 2, 2017 |
||||
Indonesia | ||||||
March 28, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
September 22, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
May 11, 2017 |
June 27, 2017 |
December 1, 2017 | |||
April 24 , 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
August 17, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
Ireland | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 1,2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
September 22, 2017 |
|||
March 17, 2017 |
May 11, 2017 |
July 27, 2017 |
December 1, 2017 | |||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
August 17, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
Israel | ||||||
March 12, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 1, 2017 |
September 22, 2017 |
|||
April 10, 2017 |
May 2, 2017 |
August 7, 2017 |
September 29, 2017 | |||
April 11, 2017 |
May 30, 2017 |
September 20, 2017 |
October 4, 2017 |
|||
April 17, 2017 |
May 31, 2017 |
September 21, 2017 |
October 5, 2017 | |||
October 12, 2017 |
The Israeli market is closed every Friday.
Italy | ||||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
April 17, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
Japan | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 3, 2017 |
August 11, 2017 |
November 23, 2017 |
|||
January 3, 2017 |
May 4, 2017 |
September 18, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 | |||
January 9, 2017 |
May 5, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
||||
March 20, 2017 |
July 17, 2017 |
November 3, 2017 |
||||
Malaysia | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 30, 2017 |
September 1, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
February 1 2017 |
May 31, 2017 |
September 21, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
October 20, 2017 |
||||
May 10, 2017 |
August 31, 2017 |
December 1, 2017 |
A-10
Mexico | ||||||
February 6, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
November 20, 2017 |
January 1, 2018 |
|||
March 20, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 12, 2017 |
||||
April 13, 2017 |
November 2, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
Morocco | ||||||
January 11, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
August 21, 2017 |
November 6, 2017 |
|||
May 1, 2017 |
August 14, 2017 |
September 21, 2017 |
December 1, 2017 | |||
Netherlands | ||||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 17, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
New Zealand | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
January 30, 2017 |
April 17, 2017 |
October 23, 2017 |
|||
January 3, 2017 |
February 6, 2017 |
April 25, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
January 23, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
Norway | ||||||
April 13, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
May 17, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
|||||
Peru | ||||||
April 13, 2017 |
June 29, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
July 28, 2017 |
December 8, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
August 30, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
The Philippines | ||||||
April 13, 2017 |
June 12, 2017 |
September 1, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
August 21, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
||||
May 1, 2017 |
August 28, 2017 |
November 30, 2017 |
||||
Poland | ||||||
January 6, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
May 3, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
June 15, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
Portugal | ||||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
A-11
Russia | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
January 16, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
September 4, 2017 |
|||
January 3, 2017 |
February 20, 2017 |
May 9, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 | |||
January 4, 2017 |
February 23, 2017 |
May 29, 2017 |
November 6, 2017 |
|||
January 5, 2017 |
March 8, 2017 |
June 12, 2017 |
November 23, 2017 | |||
January 6, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
July 4, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
Singapore | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 9, 2017 |
||||
January 30, 2017 |
May 10, 2017 |
October 19, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
South Africa | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
April 17, 2017 |
June 16, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
March 21, 2017 |
April 27, 2017 |
August 9, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 | |||
April 14, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
September 25, 2017 |
||||
South Korea | ||||||
January 27, 2017 |
May 3, 2017 |
October 3, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
|||
January 30, 2017 |
May 5, 2017 |
October 4, 2017 |
December 20, 2017 | |||
March 1, 2017 |
June 6, 2017 |
October 5, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
|||
May 1, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
October 6, 2017 |
December 29, 2017 | |||
Spain | ||||||
April 13, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 15, 2017 |
December 8, 2017 |
|||
April 14, 2017 |
June 15, 2017 |
October 12, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
April 17, 2017 |
July 25, 2017 |
November 1, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
|||
Sweden | ||||||
January 6, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
June 23, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
June 6, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
Switzerland | ||||||
January 1, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
August 1, 2017 |
||||
April 14, 2017 |
May 25, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 |
||||
April 17, 2017 |
June 5, 2017 |
December 26, 2017 |
||||
Taiwan | ||||||
January 27, 2017 |
April 4, 2017 |
May 30, 2017 |
||||
February 16, 2017 |
April 5, 2017 |
October 4, 2017 |
||||
February 28, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
October 10, 2017 |
A-12
Thailand | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
May 10, 2017 |
October 23, 2017 | |||
April 6, 2017 |
May 1, 2017 |
July 10, 2017 |
December 5, 2017 | |||
April 13, 2017 |
May 5, 2017 |
August 14, 2017 |
December 11, 2017 | |||
Turkey | ||||||
May 1, 2017 |
June 26, 2017 |
August 30, 2017 |
September 1, 2017 | |||
May 19, 2017 |
June 27, 2017 |
August 31, 2017 |
September 4, 2017 | |||
United States | ||||||
January 2, 2017 |
April 14, 2017 |
September 4, 2017 |
November 23, 2017 | |||
January 16, 2017 |
May 29, 2017 |
October 9, 2017 |
December 25, 2017 | |||
February 20, 2017 |
July 4, 2017 |
November 10, 2017 |
Redemption. The longest redemption cycle for the Fund is a function of the longest redemption cycles among the countries whose securities comprise the Fund. Through December 31, 2016, the dates of regular holidays affecting the following securities markets present the worst-case redemption cycles* for the Fund as follows:
Country |
Trade Date |
Settlement Date |
Number of Days to Settle |
|||
Britain |
12/30/2015 | 1/7/2016 | 8 | |||
12/31/2015 | 1/8/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/21/2016 | 3/29/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/22/2016 | 3/30/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/23/2016 | 3/31/2016 | 8 | ||||
4/29/2016 | 5/10/2016 | 11 | ||||
5/3/2016 | 5/11/2016 | 8 | ||||
5/4/2016 | 5/12/2106 | 8 | ||||
12/21/2016 | 1/4/2017 | 14 | ||||
12/22/2016 | 1/5/2017 | 14 | ||||
12/23/2016 | 1/6/2017 | 14 | ||||
China |
2/3/2016 | 2//15/2016 | 12 | |||
2/4/2016 | 2/16/2016 | 12 | ||||
2/5/2016 | 2/17/2016 | 12 | ||||
9/28/2016 | 10/6/2016 | 8 | ||||
9/29/2016 | 10/7/2016 | 8 | ||||
9/30/2016 | 10/10/2016 | 10 | ||||
Colombia |
3/18/2016 | 3/28/2016 | 10 | |||
Denmark |
3/21/2016 | 3/29/2016 | 8 | |||
3/22/2016 | 3/30/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/23/2016 | 3/31/2016 | 8 | ||||
Hong Kong |
2/3/2016 | 2/11/2016 | 8 | |||
2/4/2016 | 2/12/2016 | 8 | ||||
2/5/2016 | 2/15/2016 | 10 | ||||
Israel |
10/10/2016 | 10/18/2016 | 8 | |||
Japan |
4/27/2016 | 5/6/2016 | 9 | |||
4/28/2016 | 5/9/2016 | 11 | ||||
5/2/2016 | 5/10/2016 | 8 |
A-13
Country |
Trade Date |
Settlement Date |
Number of Days to Settle |
|||
Mexico |
3/18/2016 | 3/28/2016 | 10 | |||
Norway |
3/21/2016 | 3/29/2016 | 8 | |||
3/22/2016 | 3/30/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/23/2016 | 3/31/2016 | 8 | ||||
Russia |
12/29/2015 | 1/11/2016 | 13 | |||
12/30/2015 | 1/12/2016 | 13 | ||||
12/31/2015 | 1/13/2016 | 13 | ||||
12/28/2016 | 1/6/2017 | 9 | ||||
12/29/2016 | 1/9/2017 | 11 | ||||
12/30/2016 | 1/10/2017 | 11 | ||||
South Africa |
12/29/2015 | 1/6/2016 | 8 | |||
12/30/2015 | 1/7/2016 | 8 | ||||
12/31/2015 | 1/8/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/16/2016 | 3/24/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/17/2016 | 3/29/2016 | 12 | ||||
3/18/2016 | 3/30/2016 | 12 | ||||
3/22/2016 | 3/31/2016 | 9 | ||||
3/23/2016 | 4/1/2016 | 9 | ||||
3/24/2016 | 4/4/2016 | 11 | ||||
4/22/2016 | 5/3/2016 | 11 | ||||
4/25/2016 | 5/4/2016 | 9 | ||||
4/26/2016 | 5/5/2016 | 9 | ||||
4/28/2016 | 5/6/2016 | 8 | ||||
4/29/2016 | 5/9/2016 | 10 | ||||
6/13/2016 | 6/21/2016 | 8 | ||||
6/14/2016 | 6/22/2016 | 8 | ||||
6/15/2016 | 6/23/2016 | 8 | ||||
8/4/2016 | 8/12/2016 | 8 | ||||
8/5/2016 | 8/15/2016 | 10 | ||||
8/8/2016 | 8/16/2016 | 8 | ||||
12/13/2016 | 12/21/2016 | 8 | ||||
12/14/2016 | 12/22/2016 | 8 | ||||
12/15/2016 | 12/23/2016 | 8 | ||||
12/21/2016 | 12/30/2016 | 9 | ||||
12/22/2016 | 1/3/2017 | 12 | ||||
12/23/2016 | 1/4/2017 | 12 | ||||
12/28/2016 | 1/5/2017 | 8 | ||||
12/29/2016 | 1/6/2017 | 8 | ||||
12/30/2016 | 1/9/2017 | 10 | ||||
South Korea |
2/3/2016 | 2/11/2016 | 8 | |||
2/4/2016 | 2/12/2016 | 8 | ||||
2/5/2016 | 2/15/2016 | 10 | ||||
9/9/2016 | 9/19/2016 | 10 | ||||
9/12/2016 | 9/20/2016 | 8 | ||||
9/13/2016 | 9/21/2016 | 8 | ||||
Spain |
3/21/2016 | 3/29/2016 | 8 | |||
3/22/2016 | 3/30/2016 | 8 | ||||
3/23/2016 | 3/31/2016 | 8 |
A-14
Country |
Trade Date |
Settlement Date |
Number of Days to Settle |
|||
Thailand |
4/8/2016 | 4/18/2016 | 10 | |||
4/11/2016 | 4/19/2016 | 8 | ||||
4/12/2016 | 4/20/2016 | 8 | ||||
Turkey |
6/30/2016 | 7/11/2016 | 11 | |||
7/1/2016 | 7/12/2016 | 11 | ||||
7/4/2016 | 7/13/2016 | 9 | ||||
9/7/2016 | 9/16/2016 | 9 | ||||
9/8/2016 | 9/19/2016 | 11 | ||||
9/9/2016 | 9/20/2016 | 11 |
* | These worst-case redemption cycles are based on information regarding regular holidays, which may be out of date. Based on changes in holidays, longer (worse) redemption cycles are possible. |
Redemption. The longest redemption cycle for the Fund is a function of the longest redemption cycles among the countries whose securities comprise the Fund. Through December 31, 2017, the dates of regular holidays affecting the following securities markets present the worst-case redemption cycles* for the Fund as follows:
Country |
Trade Date |
Settlement Date |
Number of Days to Settle |
|||
Austria |
12/22/2017 | 1/2/2018 | 11 | |||
Britain |
12/30/2016 | 1/9/2017 | 10 | |||
4/11/2017 | 4/19/2017 | 8 | ||||
4/12/2017 | 4/20/2017 | 8 | ||||
5/8/2017 | 5/16/2017 | 8 | ||||
5/10/2017 | 5/18/2017 | 8 | ||||
5/11/2017 | 5/19/2017 | 8 | ||||
5/23/2017 | 5/31/2017 | 8 | ||||
5/24/2017 | 6/1/2017 | 8 | ||||
12/21/2017 | 1/2/2018 | 12 | ||||
12/22/2017 | 1/3/2018 | 12 | ||||
China |
1/25/2017 | 2/7/2017 | 13 | |||
1/26/2017 | 2/8/2017 | 13 | ||||
9/28/2017 | 10/9/2017 | 11 | ||||
9/29/2017 | 10/10/2017 | 11 | ||||
Denmark |
4/11/2017 | 4/19/2017 | 8 | |||
4/12/2017 | 4/20/2017 | 8 | ||||
Israel |
9/18/2017 | 9/26/2017 | 8 | |||
9/19/2017 | 9/27/2017 | 8 | ||||
9/28/2017 | 10/6/2017 | 8 | ||||
Japan |
5/1/2017 | 5/9/2017 | 8 | |||
5/2/2017 | 5/10/2017 | 8 | ||||
Norway |
4/11/2017 | 4/19/2017 | 8 | |||
4/12/2017 | 4/20/2017 | 8 | ||||
Russia |
12/29/2016 | 1/10/2017 | 12 | |||
12/30/2016 | 1/11/2017 | 12 | ||||
South Korea |
4/28/2017 | 5/8/2017 | 10 | |||
9/29/2017 | 10/11/2017 | 12 | ||||
10/2/2017 | 10/12/2017 | 10 |
A-15
Country |
Trade Date |
Settlement Date |
Number of Days to Settle |
|||
Spain |
4/11/2017 | 4/19/2017 | 8 | |||
4/12/2017 | 4/20/2017 | 8 | ||||
Turkey |
8/28/2017 | 9/6/2017 | 9 | |||
8/29/2017 | 9/7/2017 | 9 |
* | These worst-case redemption cycles are based on information regarding regular holidays, which may be out of date. Based on changes in holidays, longer (worse) redemption cycles are possible. |
A-16
As stated in the Prospectus, the Fund may enter into certain futures transactions. Some of these transactions are described in this Appendix. The Fund may also enter into other futures transactions or other securities and instruments that are available in the markets from time to time.
I. | Index and Security Futures Contracts |
A stock index assigns relative values to the stocks included in the index, which fluctuates with changes in the market values of the stocks included. Some stock index futures contracts are based on broad market indexes, such as the S&P 500 or the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index. In contrast, certain futures contracts relate to narrower market indexes, such as the S&P 100 ® or indexes based on an industry or market segment, such as oil and gas stocks. Since 2001, trading has been permitted in futures based on a single stock and on narrow-based security indexes (as defined in the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000) (together security futures; broader-based index futures are referred to as index futures). Some futures contracts are traded on organized exchanges regulated by the CFTC. These exchanges may be either designated by the CFTC as a contract market or registered with the CFTC as a Derivatives Transaction Execution Facility (DTEF). Transactions on such exchanges are cleared through a clearing corporation, which guarantees the performance of the parties to each contract. Futures contracts also may be traded on electronic trading facilities or over-the-counter. These various trading facilities are licensed and/or regulated by varying degrees by the CFTC. To the extent consistent with its investment objective, the Fund may also engage in transactions, from time to time, in foreign stock index futures such as the ALL-ORDS (Australia), CAC40 (France), TOPIX (Japan) and the FTSE-100 (United Kingdom).
II. | Margin Payments |
Unlike purchases or sales of portfolio securities, no price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will be required to deposit with the broker or in a segregated account with a custodian or sub-custodian an amount of liquid assets, known as initial margin, based on the value of the contract. The nature of initial margin in futures transactions is different from that of margin in security transactions in that futures contract margin does not involve the borrowing of funds by the customer to finance the transactions. Rather, the initial margin is in the nature of a performance bond or good faith deposit on the contract, which is returned to the Fund upon termination of the futures contract assuming all contractual obligations have been satisfied. Subsequent payments, called variation margin, to and from the broker, will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying instruments fluctuates making the long and short positions in the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking-to-market. For example, when the Fund has purchased a futures contract and the price of the contract has risen in response to a rise in the underlying instruments, that position will have increased in value and the Fund will be entitled to receive from the broker a variation margin payment equal to that increase in value. Conversely, where the Fund has purchased a futures contract and the price of the future contract has declined in response to a decrease in the underlying instruments, the position would be less valuable and the Fund would be required to make a variation margin payment to the broker. Prior to expiration of the futures contract, the Investment Adviser may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position, subject to the availability of a secondary market, which will operate to terminate the Funds position in the futures contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the Fund, and the Fund realizes a loss or gain.
III. | Risks of Transactions in Futures Contracts |
There are several risks in connection with the use of futures by the Fund, even for futures that are used for hedging (non-speculative) purposes. One risk arises because of the imperfect correlation between movements in the price of the futures and movements in the price of the instruments which are the subject of the hedge. The price of the future may move more than or less than the price of the instruments being hedged. If the price of the
B-1
futures moves less than the price of the instruments which are the subject of the hedge, the hedge will not be fully effective but, if the price of the instruments being hedged has moved in an unfavorable direction, the Fund would be in a better position than if it had not hedged at all. If the price of the instruments being hedged has moved in a favorable direction, this advantage will be partially offset by the loss on the futures. If the price of the futures moves more than the price of the hedged instruments, the Fund involved will experience either a loss or gain on the futures which will not be completely offset by movements in the price of the instruments that are the subject of the hedge. To compensate for the imperfect correlation of movements in the price of instruments being hedged and movements in the price of futures contracts, the Fund may buy or sell futures contracts in a greater dollar amount than the dollar amount of instruments being hedged if the volatility over a particular time period of the prices of such instruments has been greater than the volatility over such time period of the futures, or if otherwise deemed to be appropriate by the Investment Adviser. Conversely, the Fund may buy or sell fewer futures contracts if the volatility over a particular time period of the prices of the instruments being hedged is less than the volatility over such time period of the futures contract being used, or if otherwise deemed to be appropriate by the Investment Adviser.
In addition to the possibility that there may be an imperfect correlation, or no correlation at all, between movements in the futures and the instruments being hedged, the price of futures may not correlate perfectly with movement in the cash market due to certain market distortions. Rather than meeting additional margin deposit requirements, investors may close futures contracts through off-setting transactions which could distort the normal relationship between the cash and futures markets. Second, with respect to financial futures contracts, the liquidity of the futures market depends on participants entering into off-setting transactions rather than making or taking delivery. To the extent participants decide to make or take delivery, liquidity in the futures market could be reduced thus producing distortions. Third, from the point of view of speculators, the deposit requirements in the futures market are less onerous than margin requirements in the securities market. Therefore, increased participation by speculators in the futures market may also cause temporary price distortions. Due to the possibility of price distortion in the futures market, and because of the imperfect correlation between the movements in the cash market and movements in the price of futures, a correct forecast of general market trends or interest rate movements by the Investment Adviser may still not result in a successful hedging transaction over a short time frame.
In general, positions in futures may be closed out only on an exchange, board of trade or other trading facility, which provides a secondary market for such futures. Although the Fund intend to purchase or sell futures only on trading facilities where there appear to be active secondary markets, there is no assurance that a liquid secondary market on any trading facility will exist for any particular contract or at any particular time. In such an event, it may not be possible to close a futures investment position, and in the event of adverse price movements, the Fund would continue to be required to make daily cash payments of variation margin. However, in the event futures contracts have been used to hedge portfolio securities, such securities will not be sold until the futures contract can be terminated. In such circumstances, an increase in the price of the securities, if any, may partially or completely offset losses on the futures contract. However, as described above, there is no guarantee that the price of the securities will in fact correlate with the price movements in the futures contract and thus provide an offset on a futures contract.
Further, it should be noted that the liquidity of a secondary market in a futures contract may be adversely affected by daily price fluctuation limits established by commodity exchanges which limit the amount of fluctuation in a futures contract price during a single trading day. Once the daily limit has been reached in the contract, no trades may be entered into at a price beyond the limit, thus preventing the liquidation of open futures positions. The trading of futures contracts is also subject to the risk of trading halts, suspensions, exchange or clearing house equipment failures, government intervention, insolvency of a brokerage firm or clearing house or other disruptions of normal trading activity, which could at times make it difficult or impossible to liquidate existing positions or to recover excess variation margin payments.
Successful use of futures by Fund is also subject to the Investment Advisers ability to predict correctly movements in the direction of the market. In addition, in such situations, if the Fund has insufficient cash, it may
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have to sell securities to meet daily variation margin requirements. Such sales of securities may be, but will not necessarily be, at increased prices which reflect the rising market. The Fund may have to sell securities at a time when it may be disadvantageous to do so.
Futures purchased or sold by the Fund (and related options) may be traded on foreign exchanges. Participation in foreign futures and foreign options transactions involves the execution and clearing of trades on or subject to the rules of a foreign board of trade. Neither the National Futures Association nor any domestic exchange regulates activities of any foreign boards of trade, including the execution, delivery and clearing of transactions, or has the power to compel enforcement of the rules of a foreign board of trade or any applicable foreign law. This is true even if the exchange is formally linked to a domestic market so that a position taken on the market may be liquidated by a transaction on another market. Moreover, such laws or regulations will vary depending on the foreign country in which the foreign futures or foreign options transaction occurs. For these reasons, customers who trade foreign futures or foreign options contracts may not be afforded certain of the protective measures provided by the Commodity Exchange Act, the CFTC regulations and the rules of the National Futures Association and any domestic exchange or other trading facility (including the right to use reparations proceedings before the CFTC and arbitration proceedings provided by the National Futures Association or any domestic futures exchange), nor the protective measures provided by the Securities and Exchange Commissions rules relating to security futures. In particular, the investments of the Fund in foreign futures, or foreign options transactions may not be provided the same protections in respect to transactions on United States futures trading facilities. In addition, the price of any foreign futures or foreign options contract may be affected by any variance in the foreign exchange rate between the time an order is placed and the time it is liquidated, offset or exercised.
IV. | Options on Futures Contracts |
The Fund may purchase and write options on the futures contracts described above. A futures option gives the holder, in return for the premium paid, the right to buy (call) from or sell (put) to the writer of the option of a futures contract at a specified price at any time during the period of the option. Upon exercise, the writer of the option is obligated to pay the difference between the cash value of the futures contract and the exercise price. Like the buyer or seller of a futures contract, the holder, or writer, of an option has the right to terminate its position prior to the scheduled expiration of the option by selling, or purchasing an option of the same series, at which time the person entering into the closing transaction will realize a gain or loss. A Fund will be required to deposit initial margin and variation margin with respect to put and call options on futures contracts written by it pursuant to brokers requirements similar to those described above. Net option premiums received will be included as initial margin deposits.
Investments in futures options involve some of the same considerations that are involved in connection with investments in futures contracts (for example, the existence of a liquid secondary market). See Risks of Transactions in Futures Contracts above. In addition, the purchase or sale of an option also entails the risk that changes in the value of the underlying futures contract will not correspond to changes in the value of the option purchased. Depending on the pricing of the option compared to either the futures contract upon which it is based, or upon the price of the securities being hedged, an option may or may not be less risky than ownership of the futures contract or such securities. In general, the market prices of options can be expected to be more volatile than the market prices on the underlying futures contract. Compared to the purchase or sale of futures contracts, however, the purchase of call or put options on futures contracts may frequently involve less potential risk to the Fund because the maximum amount at risk is the premium paid for the options (plus transaction costs). The writing of an option on a futures contract involves risks similar to those risks relating to the sale of futures contracts.
V. | Other Matters |
The Fund intends to comply with the regulations of the CFTC exempting it from registration as a Commodity Pool Operator. The Fund are operated by persons who have claimed an exclusion from the
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definition of the term Commodity Pool Operator with respect to the Fund under the Commodity Exchange Act and, therefore, are not subject to registration or regulations as a pool operator with respect to the Fund under such Act. In order to continue to claim exclusion from registration as a commodity pool operator with respect to the Fund, the Fund is limited in its ability to use futures, options and swaps subject to regulation under the CEA for purposes other than bona fide hedging, which is narrowly defined. With respect to transactions other than for bona fide hedging purposes, either: (1) the aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish the Funds positions in such investments may not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Funds assets (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such investments), or (2) the aggregate net notional value of such instruments may not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Funds assets (after accounting for unrealized profits and unrealized losses on any such positions). In addition to meeting one of the foregoing trading limitations, the Fund may not market itself as a commodity pool or otherwise as a vehicle for trading in the futures, options or swaps markets. Accounting for futures contracts will be in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES RATINGS
Short-Term Credit Ratings
An S & P Global Ratings short-term issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation having an original maturity of no more than 365 days. The following summarizes the rating categories used by S & P Global Ratings for short-term issues:
A-1A short-term obligation rated A-1 is rated in the highest category and indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2A short-term obligation rated A-2 is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3A short-term obligation rated A-3 exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BA short-term obligation rated B is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
CA short-term obligation rated C is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
DA short-term obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S & P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligations rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Local Currency and Foreign Currency RisksS & P Global Ratings issuer credit ratings make a distinction between foreign currency ratings and local currency ratings. An issuers foreign currency rating will differ from its local currency rating when the obligor has a different capacity to meet its obligations denominated in its local currency, vs. obligations denominated in a foreign currency.
Moodys Investors Service (Moodys) short-term ratings are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations with an original maturity of thirteen months or less and reflect the likelihood of a default on contractually promised payments.
Moodys employs the following designations to indicate the relative repayment ability of rated issuers:
P-1Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
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P-2Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NPIssuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
Fitch, Inc. / Fitch Ratings Ltd. (Fitch) short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity or security stream and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as short-term based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign and structured obligations, and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets. The following summarizes the rating categories used by Fitch for short-term obligations:
F1Securities possess the highest short-term credit quality. This designation indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added + to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2Securities possess good short-term credit quality. This designation indicates good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3Securities possess fair short-term credit quality. This designation indicates that the intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
BSecurities possess speculative short-term credit quality. This designation indicates minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
CSecurities possess high short-term default risk. Default is a real possibility.
RDRestricted default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.
DDefault. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
The DBRS ® Ratings Limited (DBRS) short-term debt rating scale provides an opinion on the risk that an issuer will not meet its short-term financial obligations in a timely manner. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer and the relative ranking of claims. The R-1 and R-2 rating categories are further denoted by the sub-categories (high), (middle), and (low).
The following summarizes the ratings used by DBRS for commercial paper and short-term debt:
R-1 (high)Short-term debt rated R-1 (high) is of the highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is exceptionally high. Unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.
R-1 (middle)Short-term debt rated R-1 (middle) is of superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is very high. Differs from R-1 (high) by a relatively modest degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.
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R-1 (low)Short-term debt rated R-1 (low) is of good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is substantial. Overall strength is not as favorable as higher rating categories. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.
R-2 (high)Short-term debt rated R-2 (high) is considered to be at the upper end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.
R-2 (middle)Short-term debt rated R-2 (middle) is considered to be of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events or may be exposed to other factors that could reduce credit quality.
R-2 (low)Short-term debt rated R-2 (low) is considered to be at the lower end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events. A number of challenges are present that could affect the issuers ability to meet such obligations.
R-3Short-term debt rated R-3 is considered to be at the lowest end of adequate credit quality. There is a capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due. May be vulnerable to future events and the certainty of meeting such obligations could be impacted by a variety of developments.
R-4Short-term debt rated R-4 is considered to be of speculative credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is uncertain.
R-5Short-term debt rated R-5 is considered to be of highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet short-term financial obligations as they fall due.
DShort-term debt rated D is assigned when the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to D may occur. DBRS may also use SD (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a distressed exchange.
Long-Term Credit Ratings
The following summarizes the ratings used by S & P Global Ratings for long-term issues:
AAAAn obligation rated AAA has the highest rating assigned by S & P Global Ratings. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AAAn obligation rated AA differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
AAn obligation rated A is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligors capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBBAn obligation rated BBB exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB, B, CCC, CC and CObligations rated BB, B, CCC, CC and C are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. BB indicates the least degree of speculation and C the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposures to adverse conditions.
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BBAn obligation rated BB is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligors inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BAn obligation rated B is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated BB, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligors capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCCAn obligation rated CCC is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCAn obligation rated CC is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The CC rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S & P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
CAn obligation rated C is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
DAn obligation rated D is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the D rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S & P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The D rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligations rating is lowered to D if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Plus (+) or minus (-)The ratings from AA to CCC may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the major rating categories.
NRThis indicates that no rating has been requested, or that there is insufficient information on which to base a rating, or that S & P Global Ratings does not rate a particular obligation as a matter of policy.
Local Currency and Foreign Currency RisksS & P Global Ratings issuer credit ratings make a distinction between foreign currency ratings and local currency ratings. An issuers foreign currency rating will differ from its local currency rating when the obligor has a different capacity to meet its obligations denominated in its local currency, vs. obligations denominated in a foreign currency.
Moodys long-term ratings are forward-looking opinions of the relative credit risks of financial obligations with an original maturity of one year or more. Such ratings reflect both the likelihood of default on contractually promised payments and the expected financial loss suffered in the event of default. The following summarizes the ratings used by Moodys for long-term debt:
AaaObligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
AaObligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
AObligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
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BaaObligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
BaObligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
BObligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
CaaObligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
CaObligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
CObligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moodys appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category.
The following summarizes long-term ratings used by Fitch :
AAASecurities considered to be of the highest credit quality. AAA ratings denote the lowest expectation of credit risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AASecurities considered to be of very high credit quality. AA ratings denote expectations of very low credit risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
ASecurities considered to be of high credit quality. A ratings denote expectations of low credit risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBBSecurities considered to be of good credit quality. BBB ratings indicate that expectations of credit risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BBSecurities considered to be speculative. BB ratings indicate that there is an elevated vulnerability to credit risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial alternatives may be available to allow financial commitments to be met.
BSecurities considered to be highly speculative. B ratings indicate that material credit risk is present.
CCCA CCC rating indicates that substantial credit risk is present.
CCA CC rating indicates very high levels of credit risk.
CA C rating indicates exceptionally high levels of credit risk.
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Defaulted obligations typically are not assigned RD or D ratings, but are instead rated in the B to C rating categories, depending upon their recovery prospects and other relevant characteristics. Fitch believes that this approach better aligns obligations that have comparable overall expected loss but varying vulnerability to default and loss.
Plus (+) or minus (-) may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories. Such suffixes are not added to the AAA obligation rating category, or to corporate finance obligation ratings in the categories below CCC.
The DBRS long-term rating scale provides an opinion on the risk of default. That is, the risk that an issuer will fail to satisfy its financial obligations in accordance with the terms under which an obligation has been issued. Ratings are based on quantitative and qualitative considerations relevant to the issuer, and the relative ranking of claims. All rating categories other than AAA and D also contain subcategories (high) and (low). The absence of either a (high) or (low) designation indicates the rating is in the middle of the category. The following summarizes the ratings used by DBRS for long-term debt:
AAALong-term debt rated AAA is of the highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is exceptionally high and unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.
AALong-term debt rated AA is of superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered high. Credit quality differs from AAA only to a small degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.
ALong-term debt rated A is of good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is substantial, but of lesser credit quality than AA. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.
BBBLong-term debt rated BBB is of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.
BBLong-term debt rated BB is of speculative, non-investment grade credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is uncertain. Vulnerable to future events.
BLong-term debt rated B is of highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet financial obligations.
CCC, CC and CLong-term debt rated in any of these categories is of very highly speculative credit quality. In danger of defaulting on financial obligations. There is little difference between these three categories, although CC and C ratings are normally applied to obligations that are seen as highly likely to default, or subordinated to obligations rated in the CCC to B range. Obligations in respect of which default has not technically taken place but is considered inevitable may be rated in the C category.
DA security rated D is assigned when the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to D may occur. DBRS may also use SD (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a distressed exchange.
Municipal Note Ratings
An S & P Global Ratings U.S. municipal note rating reflects S & P Global Ratings opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt
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rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, S & P Global Ratings analysis will review the following considerations:
| Amortization schedulethe larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and |
| Source of paymentthe more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note. |
Municipal Short-Term Note rating symbols are as follows:
SP-1A municipal note rated SP-1 exhibits a strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2A municipal note rated SP-2 exhibits a satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3A municipal note rated SP-3 exhibits a speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
Moodys uses the Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) scale to rate U.S. municipal bond anticipation notes of up to three years maturity. Municipal notes rated on the MIG scale may be secured by either pledged revenues or proceeds of a take-out financing received prior to note maturity. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuers long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating. MIG ratings are divided into three levelsMIG-1 through MIG-3 while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated SG. The following summarizes the ratings used by Moodys for short-term municipal obligations:
MIG-1This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG-2This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG-3This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SGThis designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
NRIs assigned to an unrated obligation.
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned: a long or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moodys evaluation of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moodys evaluation of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (demand feature). The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG rating scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade or VMIG scale. The rating transitions on the VMIG scale differ from those on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support generally will terminate if the issuers long-term rating drops below investment grade.
VMIG rating expirations are a function of each issues specific structural or credit features.
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VMIG-1This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-2This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG-3This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SGThis designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
NRIs assigned to an unrated obligation.
About Credit Ratings
An S & P Global Ratings issue credit rating is a forward-looking opinion about the creditworthiness of an obligor with respect to a specific financial obligation, a specific class of financial obligations, or a specific financial program (including ratings on medium-term note programs and commercial paper programs). It takes into consideration the creditworthiness of guarantors, insurers, or other forms of credit enhancement on the obligation and takes into account the currency in which the obligation is denominated. The opinion reflects S & P Global Ratings view of the obligors capacity and willingness to meet its financial commitments as they come due, and may assess terms, such as collateral security and subordination, which could affect ultimate payment in the event of default.
Moodys credit ratings must be construed solely as statements of opinion and not statements of fact or recommendations to purchase, sell or hold any securities.
Fitchs credit ratings provide an opinion on the relative ability of an entity to meet financial commitments, such as interest, preferred dividends, repayment of principal, insurance claims or counterparty obligations. Fitch credit ratings are used by investors as indications of the likelihood of receiving the money owed to them in accordance with the terms on which they invested. Fitchs credit ratings cover the global spectrum of corporate, sovereign (including supranational and sub-national), financial, bank, insurance, municipal and other public finance entities and the securities or other obligations they issue, as well as structured finance securities backed by receivables or other financial assets.
Credit ratings provided by DBRS are forward-looking opinions about credit risk which reflect the creditworthiness of an issuer, rated entity, and/or security. Credit ratings are not statements of fact. They include subjective considerations and involve expectations for future performance that cannot be guaranteed. To the extent that future events and economic conditions do not match expectations, credit ratings assigned to issuers and/or securities can change. Credit ratings are also based on approved and applicable methodologies, models and criteria (Methodologies), which are periodically updated and when material changes are deemed necessary for a wide variety of potential reasons, this may also lead to rating changes.
Credit ratings typically provide an opinion on the risk that investors may not be repaid in accordance with the terms under which the obligation was issued. In some cases, credit ratings may also include consideration for the relative ranking of claims and recovery, should default occur. Credit ratings are meant to provide opinions on relative measures of risk and are not based on expectations of any specific default probability, nor are they meant to predict such.
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The data and information on which DBRS bases its opinions is not audited or verified by DBRS, although DBRS conducts a reasonableness review of information received and relied upon in accordance with its Methodologies and policies.
DBRS uses rating symbols as a concise method of expressing its opinion to the market.
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PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. |
Exhibits |
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(a) | (1) | Certificate of Trust dated May 13, 2010 1 | ||
(2) | Amendment to the Certificate of Trust dated April 12, 2011 1 | |||
(3) | Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2011 3 | |||
(4) | Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated December 12, 2013 9 | |||
(5) | Amended and Restated Schedule A to the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust as of August 22, 2016 19 | |||
(b) | (1) | Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust. 3 | ||
(2) | Amendment to the Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Trust dated September 24, 2015 14 | |||
(c) | Articles IV, V, VI, VII and IX of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated June 28, 2011 3 | |||
(d) | (1) | Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 3 | ||
(2) | Amended and Restated Appendix A to the Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 20 | |||
(3) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 3 | |||
(4) | Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 7 | |||
(5) | Amendment No. 1 to Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 5 | |||
(6) | Amendment No. 2 to Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 6 | |||
(7) | Amended and Restated Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 8 | |||
(8) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund) 9 | |||
(9) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund) 10 | |||
(10) | Amended and Restated Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 11 | |||
(11) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund and FlexShares® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund) 13 | |||
(12) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund and FlexShares® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund) 14 | |||
(13) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund) 15 | |||
(14) | Amended and Restated Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 16 | |||
(15) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® STOXX® US ESG Impact Index Fund and FlexShares® STOXX® Global ESG Impact Index Fund) 18 | |||
(16) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® Core Select Bond Fund) 20 | |||
(17) | Amendment to Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. 20 | |||
(e) | (1) | Distribution Agreement between the Trust and Foreside Fund Services, LLC 4 | ||
(2) | Amendment to Distribution Agreement between the Trust and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (amending Exhibit A) 20 |
1 | Incorporated herein by reference to the Initial Registration Statement filed on May 5, 2011. |
2 | Incorporated herein by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 filed on August 8, 2011. |
3 | Incorporated herein by reference to Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 filed on September 1, 2011. |
4 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 2 filed on October 18, 2011. |
5 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 6 filed on February 28, 2012. |
6 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 32 filed on February 28, 2013. |
7 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 40 filed on November 1, 2013. |
8 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 42 filed on February 28, 2014. |
9 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 47 filed on August 13, 2014. |
10 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 50 filed on November 3, 2014. |
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11 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 52 filed on February 26, 2015. |
12 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 filed on August 21, 2015. |
13 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 58 filed on September 3, 2015. |
14 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 60 filed on November 3, 2015. |
15 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 61 filed on November 6, 2015. |
16 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 64 filed on February 24, 2016. |
17 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 66 filed on April 21, 2016. |
18 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 67 filed on July 1, 2016. |
19 | Incorporated herein by reference to Post-Effective Amendment No. 69 filed on August 29, 2016. |
20 | Filed herewith. |
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with Registrant
None.
Item 30. Indemnification
Section 3 of Article IV of the Registrants Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust provides for indemnification of the Registrants officers and Trustees under certain circumstances.
Section 8 of the Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Registrant and the investment adviser (the Adviser) provides for indemnification of the Adviser or, in lieu thereof, contribution by Registrant, in connection with certain claims and liabilities to which the Adviser may be subject.
Paragraph 6 of the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (Foreside) provides that the Registrant will indemnify Foreside against certain liabilities relating to untrue statements or omissions of material fact except those resulting from the reliance on information furnished to the Registrant by Foreside, or those resulting from the willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of Foreside. Paragraph 6 of the Distribution Agreement also provides that Foreside will indemnify the Trustees and officers of the Registrant against certain liabilities relating to allegations of wrongful acts of Foreside, Foresides breach of any obligation, representation or warranty under the Distribution Agreement, Foresides failure to comply in any material respect with applicable securities laws, and allegations of untrue statements or omissions of material fact resulting from the reliance on information furnished to the Registrant by Foreside.
A mutual fund trustee and officer liability policy purchased by the Registrant insures the Registrant and its Trustees and officers, subject to the policys coverage limits and exclusions and varying deductibles, against loss resulting from claims by reason of any act, error, omission, misstatement, misleading statement, neglect or breach of duty.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Adviser
Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (NTI) a subsidiary of Northern Trust Corporation, serves as the investment adviser of the Funds. NTI is referred to as the Investment Adviser. NTI is located at 50 South LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603. NTI is an Illinois State Banking Corporation and an investment adviser registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended. It primarily manages assets for institutional and individual separately managed accounts, investment companies and bank common and collective funds. Northern Trust Corporation is regulated by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System as a financial holding company under the U.S. Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended. Set forth below is a list of officers and directors of NTI, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years. The table below was provided to the Registrant by the Investment Adviser for inclusion in this Registration Statement.
Name and Position with
|
Name of Other Company |
Position with Other
|
||
Bartholomew, Richard Executive Vice President, Chief Risk Officer and Assistant Trust Officer |
||||
Browne, Robert P.
Director, Executive Vice President, Chief Investment Officer and Senior Trust Officer |
50 South Capital Advisors, LLC | CEO |
C-3
Name and Position with
|
Name of Other Company |
Position with Other
|
||
Carberry, Craig R.
Senior Vice President, Associate General Counsel, Chief Compliance Officer and Secretary |
50 South Capital Advisors, LLC Northern Institutional Funds Northern Funds The Northern Trust Company |
Secretary Secretary Secretary Associate General Counsel and Senior Vice President |
||
Carlson, Christopher W. Director, Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer & Cashier |
||||
Chappell, Darlene
Vice President and Anti-Money Laundering Compliance Officer |
50 South Capital Advisors, LLC Northern Institutional Funds Northern Funds |
AML Compliance Officer AML Compliance Officer AML Compliance Officer |
||
Del Real, Jose J. Vice President, Senior Legal Counsel and Assistant Secretary |
Northern Institutional Funds Northern Funds The Northern Trust Company |
Assistant Secretary Assistant Secretary Senior Legal Counsel and Vice President |
||
McInerney, Joseph W. Director and Senior Vice President |
||||
Potter, Stephen N. Director, President, Chief Executive Officer & Chairman |
Northern Institutional Funds Northern Funds |
Trustee Trustee |
||
Taylor, Lisa C. Director, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer & Treasurer |
||||
Tyler, Jason J. Director & Executive Vice President |
||||
Thomas, Shundrawn A.
Director and Executive Vice President |
||||
Wennlund, Lloyd A.
Director and Executive Vice President |
Northern Institutional Funds Northern Funds The Northern Trust Company |
President President Executive Vice President |
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
(a) | Foreside Fund Services, LLC (the Distributor) serves as principal underwriter for the following investment companies registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (as of November 9, 2016): |
1. | ABS Long/Short Strategies Fund |
2. | Absolute Shares Trust |
3. | AdvisorShares Trust |
4. | American Beacon Funds |
5. | American Beacon Select Funds |
6. | Archstone Alternative Solutions Fund |
7. | Ark ETF Trust |
8. | Avenue Mutual Funds Trust |
9. | BP Capital TwinLine Energy Fund, Series of Professionally Managed Portfolios |
10. | BP Capital TwinLine MLP Fund, Series of Professionally Managed Portfolios |
11. | Braddock Multi-Strategy Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust |
12. | Bridgeway Funds, Inc. |
13. | Center Coast MLP & Infrastructure Fund |
C-4
14. | Center Coast MLP Focus Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust |
15. | Context Capital Funds |
16. | CornerCap Group of Funds |
17. | Corsair Opportunity Fund |
18. | Direxion Shares ETF Trust |
19. | Eaton Vance NextShares Trust |
20. | Eaton Vance NextShares Trust II |
21. | EIP Investment Trust |
22. | Evanston Alternative Opportunities Fund |
23. | Exchange Listed Funds Trust (f/k/a Exchange Traded Concepts Trust II) |
24. | FEG Absolute Access Fund I LLC |
25. | FlexShares Trust |
26. | Forum Funds |
27. | Forum Funds II |
28. | FQF Trust |
29. | FSI Low Beta Absolute Return Fund |
30. | Guiness Atkinson Funds |
31. | Henderson Global Funds |
32. | Horizon Spin-off and Corporate Restructuring Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust (f/k/a Liberty Street Horizon Fund) |
33. | Horizons ETF Trust |
34. | Infinity Core Alternative Fund |
35. | Ironwood Institutional Multi-Strategy Fund LLC |
36. | Ironwood Multi-Strategy Fund LLC |
37. | John Hancock Exchange-Traded Fund Trust |
38. | Lyons Funds |
39. | Manor Investment Funds |
40. | Miller/Howard Funds Trust |
41. | Miller/Howard High Income Equity Fund |
42. | Moerus Worldwide Value Fund, Series of Northern Lights Fund Trust IV |
43. | Montage Managers Trust |
44. | Palmer Square Opportunistic Income Fund |
45. | PENN Capital Funds Trust |
46. | Performance Trust Mutual Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers |
47. | Pine Grove Alternative Institutional Fund |
48. | Plan Investment Fund, Inc. |
49. | PMC Funds, Series of Trust for Professional Managers |
C-5
50. | Quaker Investment Trust |
51. | Ramius Archview Credit and Distressed Feeder Fund |
52. | Ramius Archview Credit and Distressed Fund |
53. | Recon Capital Series Trust |
54. | Renaissance Capital Greenwich Funds |
55. | RMB Investors Trust (f/k/a Burnham Investors Trust) |
56. | Robinson Opportunistic Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust |
57. | Robinson Tax Advantaged Income Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust |
58. | Salient MF Trust |
59. | SharesPost 100 Fund |
60. | Sound Shore Fund, Inc. |
61. | Steben Alternative Investment Funds |
62. | Steben Select Multi-Strategy Fund |
63. | Strategy Shares |
64. | The 504 Fund (f/k/a The Pennant 504 Fund) |
65. | The Community Development Fund |
66. | Third Avenue Trust |
67. | Third Avenue Variable Series Trust |
68. | TIFF Investment Program |
69. | Turner Funds |
70. | U.S. Global Investors Funds |
71. | West Loop Realty Fund, Series of Investment Managers Series Trust (f/k/a Chilton Realty Income & Growth Fund) |
72. | Wintergreen Fund, Inc. |
73. | WisdomTree Trust |
(b) | The following are the Officers and Manager of the Distributor, the Registrants underwriter. The Distributors main business address is Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, Maine 04101. |
Name | Address | Position with Underwriter | Position with Registrant | |||
Richard J. Berthy |
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | President, Treasurer and Manager |
None |
|||
Mark A. Fairbanks |
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Vice President |
None |
|||
Jennifer K. DiValerio |
899 Cassatt Road, 400 Berwyn Park, Suite 110, Berwyn, PA 19312 | Vice President |
None |
|||
Nanette K. Chern |
Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer |
None |
C-6
Name | Address | Position with Underwriter | Position with Registrant | |||
Jennifer E. Hoopes | Three Canal Plaza, Suite 100, Portland, ME 04101 | Secretary | None |
(c) | Not applicable. |
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
The Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, By-Laws and minute books of the Registrant are in the physical possession of JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., One Beacon Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02108. Records for Foreside Fund Services, LLC, the distributor, are located at Three Canal Plaza, Portland, Maine 04101. All other accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained under Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the Rules promulgated thereunder are in the physical possession of The Northern Trust Company, 50 S. LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603 and NTI, 50 S. LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60603.
Item 34. Management Services
Not Applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings
Not Applicable.
C-7
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, the Registrant certifies that it meets all the requirements for the effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to its Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Chicago and State of Illinois on the 10th day of November, 2016.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||
By: |
/s/ Shundrawn A. Thomas |
|
Shundrawn A. Thomas Trustee and President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 70 to Registrants Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Name
|
Title
|
Date
|
||||||
* Sarah N. Garvey | Trustee | November 10, 2016 | ||||||
Sarah N. Garvey | ||||||||
* Philip G. Hubbard | Trustee | November 10, 2016 | ||||||
Philip G. Hubbard | ||||||||
* Eric T. McKissack | Trustee | November 10, 2016 | ||||||
Eric T. McKissack | ||||||||
/s/ Shundrawn A. Thomas | Trustee and President | November 10, 2016 | ||||||
Shundrawn A. Thomas |
(Principal Executive Officer) | |||||||
/s/ Randal Rein | Treasurer | November 10, 2016 | ||||||
Randal Rein |
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer) |
* By: |
/s/ Diana E. McCarthy |
|
Diana E. McCarthy | ||
Attorney-In-Fact, pursuant to power of attorney |
C-8
Exhibit Index
(d) | (2) | Amended and Restated Appendix A to the Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. | ||||
(d) | (16) | Expense Reimbursement Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. (FlexShares® Core Select Bond Fund). | ||||
(d) | (17) | Amendment to Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement between the Trust and Northern Trust Investments, Inc. | ||||
(e) | (2) | Amendment to Distribution Agreement between the Trust and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (amending Exhibit A). | ||||
(g) | (3) | Amendment to the Global Custody Agreement between the Trust and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (amending Appendix A). | ||||
(h) | (3) | Amendment to the Agency Services Agreement between the Trust and J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (amending Appendix A). | ||||
(h) | (6) | Amendment to the Fund Servicing Agreement between the Trust and the J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A. (amending Appendix A). | ||||
(i) | Opinion and Consent of Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP. |
C-9
Exhibit (d)(2)
AMENDED AND RESTATED APPENDIX A
TO THE INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ANCILLARY SERVICES AGREEMENT
BETWEEN FLEXSHARES TRUST AND NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC.,
DATED AUGUST 23, 2011
Intending to be legally bound, the undersigned hereby amend and restate Appendix A to the aforesaid Agreement to include the following investment portfolios as of September 23, 2016:
Name of Fund |
Investment Advisory Fee (expressed as a percentage of each Funds average daily net assets) |
|
FlexShares ® Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund | 0.27% | |
FlexShares ® Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund | 0.42% | |
FlexShares ® Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund | 0.65% | |
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Index Fund | 0.37% | |
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund | 0.37% | |
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund | 0.37% | |
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Index Fund | 0.47% |
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund | 0.47% | |
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund | 0.47% | |
FlexShares ® Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund | 0.48% | |
FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global Broad Infrastructure Index Fund | 0.47% | |
FlexShares ® Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund | 0.45% | |
FlexShares ® iBoxx 3-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund | 0.20% | |
FlexShares ® iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund | 0.20% | |
FlexShares ® Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund | 0.20% | |
FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund | 0.22% | |
FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund | 0.22% | |
FlexShares ® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund | 0.32% | |
FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund | 0.47% | |
FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund | 0.70% | |
FlexShares ® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund | 0.57% | |
FlexShares ® STOXX ® US ESG Impact Index Fund | 0.32% | |
FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global ESG Impact Index Fund | 0.42% | |
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund | 0.35% | |
FlexShares ® Ready Access Variable Income Fund | 0.25% |
All signatures need not appear on the same copy of this Amended and Restated Appendix A.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Title: | Vice President |
- 2 -
NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC. | ||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Title: | Senior Vice President |
- 3 -
Exhibit (d)(16)
EXPENSE REIMBURSEMENT AGREEMENT
Agreement (Agreement) dated as of September 23, 2016 by and between FLEXSHARES TRUST (the Trust), a Maryland statutory trust and a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) and NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC. (NTI).
WHEREAS , NTI serves as investment adviser to FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (the New Fund) pursuant to an Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement (the Advisory Agreement) between the Trust and NTI dated August 23, 2011, as amended.
WHEREAS , pursuant to Section 5 of the Advisory Agreement, NTI has agreed to pay all of the operating expenses of the New Fund, excluding (i) the advisory fees payable under the Advisory Agreement to NTI; (ii) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (iii) interest expenses; (iv) brokerage expenses and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) in connection with the execution of portfolio transactions or in connection with creation and redemption transactions; (v) compensation and expenses of the Trusts trustees who are not officers, directors/trustees, partners or employees of NTI or its affiliates (the Independent Trustees); (vi) compensation and expenses of counsel to the Independent Trustees; (vii) tax expenses; and (viii) extraordinary expenses, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles.
WHEREAS , the parties to this Agreement wish to provide for an undertaking by NTI to reimburse the New Fund the operating expenses that represents the compensation and expenses of the (i) Trusts Independent Trustees, and (ii) counsel to the Independent Trustees allocated to the New Fund.
WHEREAS , the parties to this Agreement wish to further provide for an undertaking by NTI to waive a portion of its management fee and/or reimburse operating expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (i) any Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses (as defined in Form N-1A) incurred by the New Fund that are attributable to the New Funds investment in Acquired Funds (as defined in Form N-1A) managed by NTI or an investment adviser controlling, controlled by, or under common control with NTI (Affiliated Funds) and (ii) 0.05% (or such lesser amount) in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses incurred by the New Fund that are attributable to the New Funds investment in Acquired Funds that are not Affiliated Funds (Unaffiliated Funds).
NOW THEREFORE , in consideration of the foregoing, the parties intending to be legally bound hereby, agree as follows with respect to the New Fund:
1. NTI shall from the date of this Agreement (a) reimburse the portion of the operating expenses of the New Fund that represents the New Funds allocation of the compensation and expenses of the (i) Trusts Independent Trustees, and (ii) counsel to the Independent Trustees; and (b) waive a portion of its management fee and/or reimburse operating expenses in an amount equal to the sum of (A) any Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses incurred by the New Fund that are attributable to the New Funds investment in Affiliated Funds and (B) 0.05% (or such lesser amount) in Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses incurred by the New Fund that are attributable to the New Funds investment in Unaffiliated Funds.
2. The termination date of this Agreement shall be one-year from the effective date of the New Funds prospectus. The termination date may be extended by mutual agreement of the parties. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be terminated by the Trusts Board of Trustees, with respect to the New Fund, at any time if it determines that such termination is in the best interest of the New Fund and its shareholders.
3. NTI acknowledges and agrees that it shall not be entitled to collect on or make a claim for reimbursed expenses that are the subject of this Agreement at any time in the future.
4. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of Illinois, without regard to its conflict of law provisions. This Agreement may be signed in counterparts.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by their officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.
FLEXSHARES TRUST
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||
Title: Vice President |
NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC.
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||
Title: Senior Vice President |
2
Exhibit (d)(17)
AMENDMENT TO INVESTMENT ADVISORY AND ANCILLARY SERVICES
AGREEMENT
This amendment (Amendment) to the Investment Advisory and Ancillary Services Agreement dated as of August 23, 2011, as amended (Advisory Agreement) is made as of September 23, 2016 by and between NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC. (NTI) and FLEXSHARES TRUST (the Trust).
WHEREAS, the Trust is registered as an open-end management investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act) and the FlexShares Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund, FlexShares Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund and FlexShares Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund (each a Fund and together the Funds) are each a series thereof; and
WHEREAS, NTI serves as the investment adviser to the Funds pursuant to the Advisory Agreement; and
WHEREAS, NTI desires to make a permanent reduction of its contractual fee rates under the Advisory Agreement for each of the Funds; and
WHEREAS, NTI represents that the quality and quantity of its services under the Advisory Agreement will not be affected by this commitment and that its obligations under the Advisory Agreement will remain unchanged in all respects.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trust and NTI agree to enter into this Amendment for good and valuable consideration receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, and intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:
1. Effective as of November 1, 2016, NTI reduces permanently its contractual fee rate under the Advisory Agreement for the Funds as follows:
For the services provided and the expenses assumed by NTI pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, the Trust will pay to NTI, as full compensation therefor, a fee at the following annual rate of each Funds average net assets, which fee will be computed based on the net assets of each Fund on each day and will be paid monthly:
FUND |
FEE RATE
% |
|
FlexShares Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund |
0.25% | |
FlexShares Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
0.39% | |
FlexShares Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund |
0.59% | |
FlexShares Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
0.44% | |
FlexShares Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund |
0.64% | |
FlexShares Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund |
0.46% |
2. Any future amendment to increase or otherwise reinstate the contractual fee rate under the Advisory Agreement for each Fund as in effect prior to the date hereof must be approved by the shareholders of such Fund as and to the extent required by the 1940 Act.
3. This Amendment shall be attached to and made a part of the Advisory Agreement.
4. The Advisory Agreement shall continue in full force and effect as modified hereby.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this instrument to be executed by its officers designated below as of the day and year first above written.
NORTHERN TRUST INVESTMENTS, INC. | ||||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |||
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||||
Title: Senior Vice President | ||||
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |||
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||||
Title: Vice President |
Exhibit (e)(2)
AMENDMENT TO
FLEXSHARES ® TRUST
ETF DISTRIBUTION AGREEMENT
This 10th Amendment (Amendment) to the Distribution Agreement (the Agreement) dated as of September 1 st , 2011, as amended, by and between FlexShares ® Trust (the Trust) and Foreside Fund Services, LLC (Foreside) is hereby entered into as of September 23, 2016 (the Effective Date).
WHEREAS , Trust and Distributor desire to amend Exhibit A of the Agreement to reflect the addition of two Funds; and
WHEREAS , Section 8(c) of the Agreement requires that amendments to the Agreement be made in writing and executed by all parties.
NOW THEREFORE , for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, Trust and Distributor hereby agree as follows:
1. | Capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Agreement. |
2. | Exhibit A to the Agreement is hereby amended and restated by Appendix attached hereto to reflect the addition of FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund. |
3. | Except as expressly amended hereby, all of the provisions of the Agreement are restated and in full force and effect to the same extent as if fully set forth herein. |
4. | The Amendment shall be governed by and the provisions of this amendment shall be construed and interpreted under and in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. |
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed in their names and on their behalf by and through their duly authorized officers, as of the Effective Date.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | FORESIDE FUND SERVICES, LLC | |||||||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | By: | /s/ Mark Fairbanks | |||||
Name: Peter K. Ewing | Mark Fairbanks | |||||||
Title: Vice President | Vice President |
Appendix A
EXHIBIT A
FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund
FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund
FlexShares ® Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund
FlexShares ® iBoxx 3-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund
FlexShares ® iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund
FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Index Fund
FlexShares ® Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund
FlexShares ® Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund
FlexShares ® Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund
FlexShares ® Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund
FlexShares ® Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund
FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Index Fund
FlexShares ® Ready Access Variable Income Fund
FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global Broad Infrastructure Index Fund
FlexShares ® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund
FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund
FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund
FlexShares ® STOXX ® US ESG Impact Index Fund
FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global ESG Impact Index Fund
FlexShares ® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund
FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund
Exhibit (g)(3)
A MENDMENT
TO THE G LOBAL C USTODY A GREEMENT B ETWEEN
F LEX S HARES T RUST AND JPM ORGAN C HASE B ANK , N.A.
THIS AMENDMENT (the Amendment) is made and effective as of September 23, 2016 by FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund (as defined in the Agreement) and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., (J.P. Morgan), to the Global Custody Agreement (the Agreement), dated August 19, 2011, as amended, between FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund (as defined in the Agreement) and J.P. Morgan.
WHEREAS, FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan entered into the Agreement pursuant to which J.P. Morgan was appointed to provide custodial services, and the parties now wish to amend Appendix A of the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE in consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein, FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan agree as follows:
1. | Terms defined in the Agreement shall, save to the extent that the context otherwise requires, bear the same respective meanings in this Amendment. |
2. | Appendix A of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with Appendix A attached hereto. |
3. | Except as specifically amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
4. | Each party represents to the other parties that all representations contained in the Agreement are true and accurate as of the date of this Amendment, and that such representations are deemed to be given or repeated by each party, as the case may be, on the date of this Amendment. |
This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Amendment supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. References to the Agreement shall be to the Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
THIS AMENDMENT WILL BE CONSTRUED, REGULATED, AND ADMINISTERED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OR STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLICABLE, WITHOUT REGARD TO NEW YORKS PRINCIPLES REGARDING CONFLICT OF LAWS, EXCEPT THAT THE FOREGOING SHALL NOT REDUCE ANY STATUTORY RIGHT TO CHOOSE NEW YORK LAW OR FORUM.
[ signature page follows ]
Exhibit (g)(3)
I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan have caused their names to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, in each case, as of the date first above written.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||
Title: Vice President | ||
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. | ||
By: | /s/ Ellen E. Crane | |
Name: Ellen E. Crane | ||
Title: Executive Director |
Exhibit (g)(3)
APPENDIX A
AS OF September 23, 2016
TO THE GLOBAL CUSTODY AGREEMENT BETWEEN
FLEXSHARES TRUST
AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
1. | FlexShares ® Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund |
2. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
3. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund |
4. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund |
5. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 3-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
6. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
7. | FlexShares ® Ready Access Variable Income Fund |
8. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Index Fund |
9. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Index Fund |
10. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
11. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
12. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
13. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
14. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global Broad Infrastructure Index Fund |
15. | FlexShares ® Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund |
16. | FlexShares ® Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund |
17. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund |
18. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund |
19. | FlexShares ® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund |
20. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
21. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund |
22. | FlexShares ® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund |
23. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® US ESG Impact Index Fund |
24. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global ESG Impact Index Fund |
25. | FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund |
Exhibit (h)(3)
A MENDMENT
TO THE A GENCY S ERVICES A GREEMENT B ETWEEN
F LEX S HARES T RUST AND JPM ORGAN C HASE B ANK , N.A.
THIS AMENDMENT (the Amendment) is made and effective as of September 23, 2016 by FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund (as defined in the Agreement) and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., (J.P. Morgan), to the Agency Services Agreement (the Agreement), dated August 19, 2011, as amended, between FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund, and J.P. Morgan.
WHEREAS, FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan entered into the Agreement pursuant to which J.P. Morgan was appointed to provide transfer agency services, and the parties now wish to amend Appendix A of the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE in consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein, FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan agree as follows:
1. | Terms defined in the Agreement shall, save to the extent that the context otherwise requires, bear the same respective meanings in this Amendment. |
2. | Appendix A of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with Appendix A attached hereto. |
3. | Except as specifically amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
4. | Each party represents to the other parties that all representations contained in the Agreement are true and accurate as of the date of this Amendment, and that such representations are deemed to be given or repeated by each party, as the case may be, on the date of this Amendment. |
This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Amendment supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. References to the Agreement shall be to the Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
THIS AMENDMENT WILL BE CONSTRUED, REGULATED, AND ADMINISTERED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OR STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLICABLE, WITHOUT REGARD TO NEW YORKS PRINCIPLES REGARDING CONFLICT OF LAWS, EXCEPT THAT THE FOREGOING SHALL NOT REDUCE ANY STATUTORY RIGHT TO CHOOSE NEW YORK LAW OR FORUM.
[ signature page follows ]
Exhibit (h)(3)
I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan have caused their names to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, in each case, as of the date first above written.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||
Title: Vice President | ||
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. | ||
By: | /s/ Ellen E. Crane | |
Name: Ellen E. Crane | ||
Title: Executive Director |
Exhibit (h)(3)
APPENDIX A
AS OF September 23, 2016
TO THE AGENCY SERVICES AGREEMENT BETWEEN
FLEXSHARES TRUST
AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
1. | FlexShares ® Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund |
2. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
3. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund |
4. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund |
5. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 3-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
6. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
7. | FlexShares ® Ready Access Variable Income Fund |
8. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Index Fund |
9. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Index Fund |
10. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
11. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
12. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
13. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
14. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global Broad Infrastructure Index Fund |
15. | FlexShares ® Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund |
16. | FlexShares ® Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund |
17. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund |
18. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund |
19. | FlexShares ® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund |
20. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
21. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund |
22. | FlexShares ® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund |
23. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® US ESG Impact Index Fund |
24. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global ESG Impact Index Fund |
25. | FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund |
Exhibit (h)(6)
A MENDMENT
TO THE F UND S ERVICING A GREEMENT B ETWEEN
F LEX S HARES T RUST AND JPM ORGAN C HASE B ANK , N.A.
THIS AMENDMENT (the Amendment) is made and effective as of September 23, 2016 by FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund (as defined in the Agreement) and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., (J.P. Morgan), to the Fund Servicing Agreement (the Agreement), dated September 15, 2011, as amended, between FlexShares Trust, severally and for and on behalf of each Fund (as defined in the Agreement) and J.P. Morgan.
WHEREAS, FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan entered into the Agreement pursuant to which J.P. Morgan was appointed to provide fund administration services, and the parties now wish to amend Appendix A of the Agreement.
NOW, THEREFORE in consideration of the mutual agreements contained herein, the FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan agree as follows:
1. | Terms defined in the Agreement shall, save to the extent that the context otherwise requires, bear the same respective meanings in this Amendment. |
2. | Appendix A of the Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with Appendix A attached hereto. |
3. | Except as specifically amended hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect in accordance with its terms. |
4. | Each party represents to the other parties that all representations contained in the Agreement are true and accurate as of the date of this Amendment, and that such representations are deemed to be given or repeated by each party, as the case may be, on the date of this Amendment. |
This Amendment may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which when so executed and delivered shall be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. This Amendment supersedes all prior agreements and understandings relating to the subject matter hereof. References to the Agreement shall be to the Agreement as amended by this Amendment.
THIS AMENDMENT WILL BE CONSTRUED, REGULATED, AND ADMINISTERED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE UNITED STATES OR STATE OF NEW YORK, AS APPLICABLE, WITHOUT REGARD TO NEW YORKS PRINCIPLES REGARDING CONFLICT OF LAWS, EXCEPT THAT THE FOREGOING SHALL NOT REDUCE ANY STATUTORY RIGHT TO CHOOSE NEW YORK LAW OR FORUM.
[ signature page follows ]
Exhibit (h)(6)
I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , FlexShares Trust and J.P. Morgan have caused their names to be signed by their respective officers thereunto duly authorized, in each case, as of the date first above written.
FLEXSHARES TRUST | ||
By: | /s/ Peter K. Ewing | |
Name: Peter K. Ewing | ||
Title: Vice President | ||
JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A. | ||
By: | /s/ Ellen E. Crane | |
Name: Ellen E. Crane | ||
Title: Executive Director |
Exhibit (h)(6)
APPENDIX A
AS OF September 23, 2016
TO THE FUND SERVICING AGREEMENT BETWEEN
FLEXSHARES TRUST
AND JPMORGAN CHASE BANK, N.A.
1. | FlexShares ® Morningstar US Market Factor Tilt Index Fund |
2. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Developed Markets ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
3. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Emerging Markets Factor Tilt Index Fund |
4. | FlexShares ® Morningstar Global Upstream Natural Resources Index Fund |
5. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 3-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
6. | FlexShares ® iBoxx 5-Year Target Duration TIPS Index Fund |
7. | FlexShares ® Ready Access Variable Income Fund |
8. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Index Fund |
9. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Index Fund |
10. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
11. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Defensive Index Fund |
12. | FlexShares ® Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
13. | FlexShares ® International Quality Dividend Dynamic Index Fund |
14. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global Broad Infrastructure Index Fund |
15. | FlexShares ® Global Quality Real Estate Index Fund |
16. | FlexShares ® Disciplined Duration MBS Index Fund |
17. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Corporate Bond Index Fund |
18. | FlexShares ® Credit-Scored US Long Corporate Bond Index Fund |
19. | FlexShares ® US Quality Large Cap Index Fund |
20. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar DM ex-US Factor Tilt Index Fund |
21. | FlexShares ® Currency Hedged Morningstar EM Factor Tilt Index Fund |
22. | FlexShares ® Real Assets Allocation Index Fund |
23. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® US ESG Impact Index Fund |
24. | FlexShares ® STOXX ® Global ESG Impact Index Fund |
25. | FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund |
Exhibit (i)
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
One Logan Square, Ste. 2000
Philadelphia, PA 19103-6996
(215) 988-2700 (Phone)
(215) 988-2757 (Facsimile)
www.drinkerbiddle.com
November 10, 2016
FlexShares Trust
50 South LaSalle Street
Chicago, IL 60603
Re: | Registration Statement on Form N-1A/Issuance of Shares |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel for FlexShares Trust, a Maryland statutory trust (the Trust), organized under an Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated May 13, 2010, as amended and restated June 28, 2011 (the Declaration of Trust), in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, pursuant to a Registration Statement (Registration Statement) on Form N-1A (File Nos. 333-173967; 811-22555), of the Trusts shares of beneficial interest in the FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund (the Fund). Shares of beneficial interest of the Fund are referred to hereinafter as Shares. The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of Shares in the Fund.
We have examined the originals or copies, certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the Trusts Declaration of Trust and By-Laws, the Registration Statement, and the resolutions adopted by its Trustees (the Resolutions) relating to the authorization of the sale and issuance of the Shares in a continuous public offering, and have considered such other legal and factual matters as we have deemed appropriate.
In all cases, we have assumed the legal capacity of each natural person signing the Registration Statement, the genuineness of signatures, the authenticity of documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity to authentic original documents of documents submitted to us as copies and the accuracy and completeness of all corporate records and other information made available to us by the Trust. As to questions of fact material to this opinion, we have relied upon the accuracy of any certificates and other comparable documents of officers and representatives of the Trust, upon statements made to us in discussions with the Trusts management and upon statements and certificates of public officials.
FlexShares Trust
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
November 10, 2016
Page 2
This opinion is based exclusively on the substantive laws of the State of Maryland and the federal laws of the United States of America. In rendering our opinion, we have relied on the attached opinion of Venable LLP to the extent that any matter which is the subject of this opinion is governed by the laws of the State of Maryland. We express no opinion as to the laws of any state other than the State of Maryland or as to state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Maryland.
Based upon the foregoing and subject to the qualifications, limitations and assumptions stated herein and therein, we are of the opinion that the issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when and if issued against payment of net asset value therefor in accordance with the Resolutions and the Registration Statement, the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.
We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion with the Securities and Exchange Commission as part of the Trusts Registration Statement on Form N-1A. The opinion set forth above is expressed solely for the benefit of the addressee hereof in connection with the matters contemplated hereby and may not be relied upon by, or filed with, any other person or entity or for any other purpose without our prior written consent.
We hereby consent to the use of our name and to the references to our Firm under the caption Other Information Counsel in the Statement of Additional Information included in the Registration Statement. This consent does not constitute a consent under Section 7 of the 1933 Act, and in consenting to the use of our name and the references to our Firm under such caption we have not certified any part of the Registration Statement and do not otherwise come within the categories of persons whose consent is required under said Section 7 or the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder.
Very truly yours, | ||||
/s/ DRINKER BIDDLE & REATH LLP | ||||
DRINKER BIDDLE & REATH LLP |
[LETTERHEAD OF VENABLE LLP]
November 10, 2016
FlexShares Trust
50 South LaSalle Street
Chicago, Illinois 60603
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
One Logan Square, Ste. 2000
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103-6996
Re: | Registration Statement on Form N-1A: |
1933 Act File No. 333-173967
1940 Act File No. 811-22555
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have served as Maryland counsel to FlexShares Trust, a Maryland statutory trust registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), as an open-end management investment company (the Trust), in connection with certain matters of Maryland law arising out of the registration and issuance of an indefinite number of shares (the Shares) of beneficial interest, par value $.0001 per share, of the Trust in the series classified and designated as FlexShares ® Core Select Bond Fund. The offering of the Shares is covered by the above-referenced Registration Statement (the Registration Statement), filed by the Trust with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act), and the 1940 Act.
In connection with our representation of the Trust, and as a basis for the opinion hereinafter set forth, we have examined originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of the following documents (hereinafter collectively referred to as the Documents):
1. The Prospectus and Statement of Additional Information with respect to the Shares, which form part of the Registration Statement, substantially in the form transmitted to the Commission under the 1933 Act and the 1940 Act;
2. The Certificate of Trust of the Trust, certified by the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the SDAT);
3. The Declaration of Trust of the Trust, certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Trust;
4. The Bylaws of the Trust, certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Trust;
FlexShares Trust
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
November 10, 2016
Page 2
5. Resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the Resolutions) relating to the authorization of the sale and issuance of the Shares in a continuous public offering, certified as of the date hereof by an officer of the Trust;
6. A certificate executed by an officer of the Trust, dated as of the date hereof; and
7. Such other documents and matters as we have deemed necessary or appropriate to express the opinion set forth below, subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein.
In expressing the opinion set forth below, we have assumed the following:
1. Each individual executing any of the Documents, whether on behalf of such individual or another person, is legally competent to do so.
2. Each individual executing any of the Documents on behalf of a party (other than the Trust) is duly authorized to do so.
3. Each of the parties (other than the Trust) executing any of the Documents has duly and validly executed and delivered each of the Documents to which such party is a signatory, and such partys obligations set forth therein are legal, valid and binding and are enforceable in accordance with all stated terms.
4. All Documents submitted to us as originals are authentic. The form and content of all Documents submitted to us as unexecuted drafts do not differ in any respect relevant to this opinion from the form and content of such Documents as executed and delivered. All Documents submitted to us as certified or photostatic copies conform to the original documents. All signatures on all Documents are genuine. All public records reviewed or relied upon by us or on our behalf are true and complete. All representations, warranties, statements and information contained in the Documents are true and complete. There has been no oral or written modification of or amendment to any of the Documents, and there has been no waiver of any provision of any of the Documents, by action or omission of the parties or otherwise.
Based upon the foregoing, and subject to the assumptions, limitations and qualifications stated herein, it is our opinion that the issuance of the Shares has been duly authorized and, when and if issued and delivered against payment of net asset value therefor in accordance with the Resolutions and the Registration Statement, the Shares will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable.
FlexShares Trust
Drinker Biddle & Reath LLP
November 10, 2016
Page 3
The foregoing opinion is limited to the substantive laws of the State of Maryland and we do not express any opinion herein concerning any other law. We express no opinion as to compliance with the 1940 Act or other federal securities laws, or state securities laws, including the securities laws of the State of Maryland.
The opinion expressed herein is limited to the matters specifically set forth herein and no other opinion shall be inferred beyond the matters expressly stated. We assume no obligation to supplement this opinion if any applicable law changes after the date hereof or if we become aware of any fact that might change the opinion expressed herein after the date hereof.
This opinion is being furnished to you for submission to the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Venable LLP