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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10

 

 

GENERAL FORM FOR REGISTRATION OF SECURITIES

PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g)

OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in charter)

 

 

 

Maryland   32-0506267
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

 

2901 Butterfield Road

Oak Brook, Illinois

  60523
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip Code)

 

 

(800) 826-8228

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Class P Common Stock,

par value $0.001 per share

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer   ☑  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller Reporting Company  
Emerging Growth Company       

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ☐

 

 

 


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     ii  

ITEM 1.

   BUSINESS      1  

ITEM 1A.

   RISK FACTORS      13  

ITEM 2.

   FINANCIAL INFORMATION      45  

ITEM 3.

   PROPERTIES      56  

ITEM 4.

   SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT      57  

ITEM 5.

   DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS      58  

ITEM 6.

   EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION      64  

ITEM 7.

   CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE      66  

ITEM 8.

   LEGAL PROCEEDINGS      70  

ITEM 9.

  

MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

     71  

ITEM 10.

   RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES      72  

ITEM 11.

   DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED      73  

ITEM 12.

   INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS      84  

ITEM 13.

   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA      86  

ITEM 14.

  

CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

     86  

ITEM 15.

   FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS      86  

 

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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Except where the context suggests otherwise, the term “operating partnership” refers to InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP, of which InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. is the sole general partner. The words “we,” “us” and “our” refer to InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. and our operating partnership, taken together, unless the context requires otherwise. The term “Advisor” refers to Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC and the term “Sub-Advisor” refers to SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC.

This General Form for Registration of Securities on Form 10 (this “Form 10”) may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), regarding, among other things, our plans, strategies, and prospects, both business and financial. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements that represent our beliefs concerning future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as, but not limited to, “may,” “should,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “would be,” “believe,” or “continue” or the negative or other variations of comparable terminology. Because these forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions that are subject to significant business, economic, and competitive uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control or are subject to change, actual results could be materially different. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, and expectations reflected in or suggested by these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we cannot assure you that we will achieve or realize these plans, intentions or expectations. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date this Form 10 is filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Except as required by law, we do not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements are disclosed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of this Form 10.

 

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ITEM 1. BUSINESS

We are filing this Form 10 to register shares of our Class P common stock, $0.001 par value per share (our “Class P shares”), pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act. As a result of our voluntary registration of our common stock pursuant to the Exchange Act, following the effectiveness of this Form 10, we will be subject to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. In particular, we will be required to file Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Annual Reports on Form 10-K, and Current Reports on Form 8-K and otherwise comply with the disclosure obligations of the Exchange Act applicable to issuers filing registration statements to register a class of securities pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act. We are voluntarily registering our Class P shares pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act in order to provide our stockholders with access to public disclosure regarding our business and operations of the type required in the reports filed under the Exchange Act and to enable our company to offer and sell our Class P shares to certain benefit plan investors, as defined in the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), without limitation as to the amount of shares issued.

General

We are a Maryland corporation formed on September 13, 2016 to originate, acquire and manage a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate (“CRE”) investments primarily comprised of (i) CRE debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans and (ii) CRE securities, such as commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), senior unsecured debt of publicly traded real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), and collateralized debt obligation notes (“CDO notes”). We may also invest in select equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties. We are externally managed by Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC (the “Advisor”), an indirect subsidiary of Inland Real Estate Investment Corporation. The Advisor has engaged SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”), a subsidiary of Sound Point CRE Management, LP, to perform certain services on behalf of the Advisor for us.

We intend to operate in a manner that will allow us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ending December 31, 2017. Among other requirements, REITs are required to distribute to stockholders at least 90% of their annual REIT taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gain).

On October 25, 2016, we commenced a private offering (the “Offering”) of up to $500,000,000 in our Class P shares, pursuant to a private placement memorandum dated October 25, 2016 (as supplemented from time to time, the “Memorandum”). The purchase price per Class P share currently equals $25.00 (the “Transaction Price”) plus applicable selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, resulting in a total purchase price of $27.38 per Class P share if maximum selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses are paid. Inland Securities Corporation (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate of the Advisor, is the dealer manager for the Offering. As of April 25, 2017, we had received and accepted investors’ subscriptions for and issued 389,451 Class P shares in the Offering, resulting in gross proceeds of $10,007,500. As of April 25, 2017, $489,992,500 of Class P shares remained to be sold in the Offering.

As of April 25, 2017, our portfolio consisted of: (i) $5.4 million in Class E floating rate certificates, which are CMBS representing beneficial ownership in a $1.037 billion mortgage for the Cosmopolitan of Las Vegas Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada (the “Cosmopolitan Loan”), and (ii) $5.0 million of Class M commercial mezzanine pass-through certificates representing a portion of $1.075 billion in overall financing (the “Great Wolf Loan”) used by an investment management firm to purchase Great Wolf Resorts, Inc. (“Great Wolf”).

Our principal executive offices are located at 2901 Butterfield Rd., Oak Brook, Illinois 60523, and our telephone number is (800) 826-8228.

Our REIT Status

If we qualify as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the portion of our taxable income (including capital gain) that we distribute to our stockholders. Under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), REITs are subject to numerous organizational and operational requirements, including a requirement that they distribute dividends (other than capital gain dividends) to their

 

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stockholders each year of at least 90% of their annual REIT taxable income (which does not equal net income as calculated in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”)), determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gain. If we fail to qualify for taxation as a REIT in any year, without the benefit of certain relief provisions, our income for that year will be taxed at regular corporate rates, and we may be precluded from qualifying for treatment as a REIT for the four years following the year of our failure to qualify as a REIT. Even if we qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we may still be subject to state and local taxes on our income, property or net worth and to U.S. federal income and excise taxes on our undistributed income.

Our Operating Partnership

We conduct substantially all of our business, and own all of our assets, through our operating partnership, InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP, in order to be organized as an “UPREIT,” which stands for “Umbrella Partnership Real Estate Investment Trust.” An UPREIT is a REIT that holds all or substantially all of its properties through a partnership in which the REIT holds a general partner or limited partner interest, approximately equal to the value of capital raised by the REIT through sales of its capital stock. We are the sole general partner of our operating partnership and initially contributed $900 to our operating partnership in exchange for our general partner interest.

Investment Objectives

Our investment objectives are:

 

    to pay attractive and stable cash distributions to stockholders; and

 

    to preserve and protect stockholders’ invested capital.

We may also seek to realize appreciation in the value of our investments. However, we cannot assure you that we will attain these objectives or that the value of our assets will not decrease.

Investment Strategy

Our investment strategy is to originate and acquire a diversified portfolio of CRE investments primarily comprised of (i) CRE debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans and (ii) CRE securities, such as CMBS, senior unsecured debt of publicly traded REITs and CDO notes. We may also invest in select equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties. We expect that the CRE equity investments that we make, and the real estate underlying our CRE debt and CRE securities, will be located primarily within the United States and diversified by property type, geographic location, owner/operator and tenant. We seek to create and maintain a portfolio of CRE investments that generate stable income to enable us to pay attractive and consistent cash distributions to our stockholders. Our focus on originating and acquiring CRE debt instruments emphasizes the payment of current returns to investors and preservation of invested capital as our primary investment objectives. We also believe our investments may offer the potential for capital appreciation. In addition, we believe that our structure as a perpetual-life REIT will allow us to acquire and manage our investment portfolio in a more active and flexible manner because we will not be limited by a pre-determined operational period and the need to provide a “liquidity event” at the end of that period.

Investment Portfolio

As of April 25, 2017, our portfolio consisted of two investments, described below.

On December 2, 2016, we, through our operating partnership, acquired $5.4 million in Class E floating rate certificates, which are CMBS representing beneficial ownership in the $1.037 billion Cosmopolitan Loan. The Cosmopolitan of Las Vegas Hotel is comprised of two high-rise towers featuring 3,005 hotel rooms as well as approximately 30 restaurants and 111,500 square feet of casino space. The Cosmopolitan Loan was originated on November 9, 2016, and is a two-year, floating-rate, interest-only, first-lien mortgage loan with three, one-year extension options. The Class E certificates were purchased from an unaffiliated seller and bear interest at an annual coupon rate equal to LIBOR plus 4.65%, payable monthly. We used proceeds from the Offering to purchase the Class E certificates.

 

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On February 17, 2017, we, through our operating partnership, purchased $4.0 million of Class M commercial mezzanine pass-through certificates, representing a portion of the $1.075 billion Great Wolf Loan used by an investment management firm to purchase Great Wolf. On March 2, 2017, we, through our operating partnership, purchased an additional $1.0 million of Class M certificates. Great Wolf is a hospitality company that owns and manages drive-to family destination resorts with entertainment, including waterparks. At the time of origination in May 2015, the collateral for the Great Wolf Loan included (i) eight wholly-owned hotel/waterparks and their management/licensing rights; (ii) non-controlling equity interests in two joint ventures that respectively hold two other hotel/waterparks; and (iii) management/licensing rights for three third-party owned resorts. The Class M certificates bear interest at an annual coupon rate equal to LIBOR plus 6.99%. We used proceeds from the Offering to purchase the Class M certificates.

Our Board of Directors

We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. Our board of directors has ultimate responsibility for our operations, governance, financial controls, compliance and disclosure. Our directors are elected annually by our stockholders. Our charter requires that a majority of our directors be independent. We currently have five directors, three of whom are independent of us, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates. A majority of our independent directors are required to review and approve all matters our board believes may involve a conflict of interest between us, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their affiliates. The names and biographical information of our directors are contained under Item 5, “Directors and Executive Officers” of this Form 10.

The Advisor

We are externally managed by the Advisor, Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in August 2016 that is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Inland Real Estate Investment Corporation (“IREIC”). IREIC is a member of The Inland Real Estate Group of Companies, Inc. (“Inland”), which collectively employ approximately 1,000 people nationwide. Inland has more than 45 years of experience in acquiring and managing real estate assets. As of December 31, 2016, Inland had sponsored 712 real estate investment programs, including 507 private and public limited partnerships, 197 Section 1031 exchange programs, seven public, non-listed REITs and one private REIT. We rely on the Advisor for coordinating the management of our day-to-day operations and, through the Sub-Advisor, originating, acquiring and managing our CRE investment portfolio on our behalf, subject to the supervision of our board of directors. The Advisor performs its duties and responsibilities as our fiduciary pursuant to the advisory agreement dated October 25, 2016, between us and the Advisor (the “Advisory Agreement”).

On October 24, 2016 and November 17, 2016, respectively, the Advisor invested $1,000 through the purchase of 40 Class P shares and $1.0 million through the purchase of 40,000 Class P shares. The Advisor and Sound Point Capital Management, LP (“Sound Point”), together with officers of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, collectively, have purchased more than $5.75 million in Class P shares prior to the date that we accepted subscriptions from third-party investors in the Offering. The purchase price per Class P share for the Advisor’s initial and subsequent investment was $25.00, which is equal to the Transaction Price, with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Advisor has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement with us that, for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Advisor, (i) it will not sell or transfer at least 8,000 of the Class P shares that it purchased, accounting for $200,000 of its aggregate investment, to an unaffiliated third party; (ii) it will not be eligible to submit a request for the repurchase of these 40,040 Class P shares under our share repurchase program prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which such shares were purchased; and (iii) repurchase requests made for these shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

 

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The Sub-Advisor

Pursuant to that certain sub-advisory agreement dated October 25, 2016, between the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”), the Advisor has delegated certain of its duties to SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company formed in September 2016 that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sound Point CRE Management, LP, an affiliate of Sound Point. Sound Point is an asset management firm founded in 2008 which, directly or through its affiliates, has served as the investment advisor for several funds focused on credit strategies. As of March 31, 2017, Sound Point managed approximately $13.0 billion in assets on behalf of institutions, pensions, foundations, insurance companies, wealth management firms, family offices and high net worth individuals. The management team of the Sub-Advisor has extensive experience originating, acquiring and managing CRE debt, CRE securities and single-tenant net leased properties.

Among other duties, the Sub-Advisor has the authority to identify, negotiate, acquire and originate our investments and provide portfolio management, disposition, property management and leasing services for our assets on our behalf. Notwithstanding such delegation to the Sub-Advisor or affiliates of the Sub-Advisor or the Advisor, the Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all the matters entrusted to it under the Advisory Agreement.

On November 17, 2016, as part of the more than $5.75 million in Class P shares that the Advisor and Sound Point, together with officers of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, purchased prior to the date that we accepted subscriptions from third-party investors in the Offering, Sound Point invested $3 million in us through the purchase of 120,000 Class P shares. The purchase price per Class P share for this investment was $25.00 per share, which is equal to the Transaction Price per Class P share, with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Sub-Advisor is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Sound Point, and Sound Point has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement with us that, for so long as the Sub-Advisor or its affiliate is serving as the Sub-Advisor, (i) it will not be eligible to submit a request for repurchase of these 120,000 Class P shares pursuant to our share repurchase program prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which such shares were purchased; and (ii) repurchase requests made for these shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

 

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Ownership Structure

The following chart shows our current ownership structure and our relationship with the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor as of the date hereof.

 

LOGO

 

(1) The Advisor holds 40,040 Class P shares, and Sound Point holds 120,000 Class P shares.

Investment Guidelines

The Sub-Advisor has the authority to make all decisions regarding our investments consistent with the investment guidelines and borrowing policies approved by our board of directors and subject to the limitations in our charter and the direction and oversight of the Advisor and our board of directors. The investment guidelines approved by our board of directors set forth, among other things, guidelines for investing in our targeted investment types and certain investment policies restricting certain types of investments. Our charter requires that our

 

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independent directors review our investment guidelines at least annually to determine that the policies we are following are in the best interests of our stockholders. Any investments outside of the investment guidelines must be approved by our board of directors. Our board of directors will at all times have ultimate oversight over our investments and may change from time to time the scope of authority delegated to the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor with respect to acquisition and disposition transactions.

Estimated Use of Proceeds from the Offering

After paying selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, we estimate that we will receive net proceeds from the Offering in an amount equal to $456,537,619 or approximately 91.3% of the gross proceeds from the Offering, assuming that we sell the maximum offering amount of $500,000,000. We expect to use the net proceeds of the Offering to make investments in accordance with our investment strategy and policies. In addition, we have not established a limit on the amount of proceeds we may use from the Offering to fund distributions.

Restriction on Share Ownership

Our charter contains restrictions on the number of shares any one person or group may own. Specifically, no person may own, actually or constructively, and no group may control, more than 9.8% in value of our outstanding stock, or 9.8% in value or in number (whichever is more restrictive) of our outstanding common stock, without the approval of our board of directors. Our board of directors has temporarily waived this limit for certain holders and may continue to do so in the future. These restrictions are designed, among other purposes, to enable us to comply with ownership requirements imposed on REITs by the Internal Revenue Code.

Initial Offering Price and Subsequent NAV Pricing

The total purchase price per Class P share in the Offering consists of (i) the Transaction Price, which is currently $25.00, plus (ii) applicable selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, resulting in a total purchase price of $27.38 per Class P share if maximum selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses are paid. We have set the Transaction Price per Class P share arbitrarily, and it is unrelated to the book or net asset value of our assets and to our expected operating income.

We refer to the date upon which our net asset value (“NAV”) is first determined as the “NAV Pricing Date.” Commencing with the NAV Pricing Date, the Advisor will be responsible for calculating our NAV and our NAV per share for each class of common stock at the end of each calendar quarter. From and after the NAV Pricing Date, the Advisor will delegate responsibility for the calculation of our NAV to a third-party firm with expertise in fund administrative services (the “Fund Administrator”), which will calculate our NAV under the supervision of the Advisor, which retains ultimate responsibility for the determination of our NAV.

Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the Advisor will select, and our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, will approve a third-party valuation firm (the “Valuation Advisor”), to manage the valuation of our illiquid investments. In connection with our NAV calculation, the Valuation Advisor will appraise our illiquid assets regularly, and the Advisor or the Fund Administrator will review each appraisal. Following the NAV Pricing Date, at the beginning of each calendar year, the Valuation Advisor will prepare a schedule with the objective of having all of our illiquid investments valued over the course of the calendar year so that approximately 25% of all illiquid investments are valued each quarter.

We currently have one class of common stock issued and outstanding. In the future, we expect that our board of directors will designate and authorize the issuance of additional classes of shares of common stock in connection with public offerings as described below. In order to calculate our NAV at the end of each calendar quarter following the NAV Pricing Date, the Fund Administrator will allocate any change in our aggregate NAV (whether an increase or decrease) among each class of shares based on each class’s relative percentage of the previous aggregate NAV. Changes in our quarterly NAV will include, without limitation, quarterly accruals of our net portfolio income, interest expense, the advisory fee, the dealer manager fee, distributions, unrealized/realized gains and losses on assets and any expense reimbursements. The net portfolio income will be calculated and accrued on the basis of data extracted from (1) the quarterly budget for each asset and at the company level, including organization and offering expenses and certain operating expenses, (2) material, unbudgeted non-recurring income and expense events when

 

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the Advisor becomes aware of such events and the relevant information is available and (3) material asset originations, acquisitions and dispositions occurring during the quarter. Based on information provided by the Advisor and the Valuation Advisor, the Fund Administrator will adjust the accruals to reflect actual operating results and the outstanding receivable, payable and other account balances resulting from the accumulation of daily accruals for which financial information is available.

Following the aggregation of the net asset values of our investments, the deduction of any other liabilities and the allocation of applicable income and expenses, the Fund Administrator will incorporate (i) any class-specific adjustments to our NAV, including additional issuances and repurchases of our common stock; (ii) accruals of class-specific expenses such as distribution and stockholder support fees and (iii) accruals of distributions. Our share classes may have different expense accruals associated with the advisory fee we pay the Advisor. NAV per share for each class is calculated by dividing such class’s NAV at the end of each calendar quarter by the number of shares outstanding for that class on such day.

Beginning with the NAV Pricing Date, if the Offering is still ongoing, we will offer the Class P shares at a price equal to our then-current Transaction Price, which will generally equal our most recently determined NAV per Class P share, plus applicable selling commissions and dealer manager fees.

Public Offerings

Approximately 12 months after the commencement of the Offering, which occurred on October 25, 2016, we intend to offer one or more additional classes of shares of our common stock in a series of three-year public offerings such that we will offer shares of our common stock on a continuous basis for an indefinite period of time. We expect that the shares of common stock issued in our public offerings will bear different distribution-related charges than our Class P shares and that the distributions payable on the Class P shares will be at a higher rate, in relation to the original purchase price, than the publicly offered shares.

Share Repurchase Program

While our stockholders should view their investment as long term and with limited liquidity, we have adopted a share repurchase program to allow stockholders to request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. However, prior to the NAV Pricing Date, holders of Class P shares will be able to have their shares repurchased in our share repurchase program only for death or disability at a price of $25.00 per Class P share, which is equal to the Transaction Price.

Following the NAV Pricing Date, we expect that holders of Class P shares who have owned their shares continuously for at least one year will be able to have their shares repurchased on a monthly basis at a price equal to our most recently determined NAV per Class P share on the date the repurchase request is processed. Proceeds of share repurchases will be payable to the requesting stockholder within three business days after repurchase.

Following the NAV Pricing Date, the total amount of all classes of shares that we will repurchase in any calendar quarter will be capped at 5% of the total NAV as of the end of the prior calendar quarter. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, we will seek, and we expect to obtain, from the SEC, a no-action relief letter from the SEC’s tender offer rules for our share repurchase program. See Item 11, “Description of Registrant’s Securities to Be Registered — Share Repurchase Program” of this Form 10 for more information on our share repurchase program.

Distributions

We make cash distributions to our stockholders at such times as our board of directors shall determine. In order to remain qualified as a REIT, we will distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends-paid deductions and excluding net capital gain) to our stockholders. It is anticipated that our board of directors will authorize, and we will declare and pay, distributions with a daily record date, paid monthly in arrears, on our Class P shares with an aggregate annual distribution of $1.92 per Class P share. It is anticipated that our board of directors will authorize, and we will declare and pay, distributions on the classes of shares sold in our public offerings at a lower annual distribution rate (calculated as a percentage of the price of the shares sold in such public offering) than the rate payable on the Class P shares sold in the Offering.

 

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On December 1, 2016, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from December 5, 2016 through December 31, 2016, in an amount per share equal to 1/366 th of $1.92, and from January 1, 2017 through February 28, 2017, in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the December 2016 dates on January 3, 2017, with respect to the January 2017 dates on February 1, 2017 and with respect to the February 2017 dates on March 1, 2017.

On February 22, 2017, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from March 1, 2017 through May 31, 2017 in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the March 2017 dates on April 3, 2017 and are expected to be paid with respect to the April 2017 dates on or before May 6, 2017 and with respect to the May 2017 dates on or before June 6, 2017.

Fees and Expenses

We pay the Dealer Manager and the Advisor fees and expense reimbursements for services relating to the Offering and the investment and management of our assets. The Advisor has agreed to pay the Sub-Advisor (or to direct us to pay the Sub-Advisor on the Advisor’s behalf) a portion of the fees and expense reimbursements payable to the Advisor as compensation for the services that the Sub-Advisor performs on behalf of the Advisor. The most significant items of compensation are included in the following table.

 

Type of
Compensation

and Recipient

  

Determination of Amount

  

Offering Stage

Selling Commissions – The Dealer Manager    We pay the Dealer Manager a selling commission of up to 5% of the Transaction Price per Class P share sold in the Offering. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the Transaction Price will equal $25.00. All of the selling commissions will be reallowed to participating dealers.
Dealer Manager Fee – The Dealer Manager    We pay the Dealer Manager a dealer manager fee of up to 3% of the Transaction Price per Class P share sold in the Offering. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the Transaction Price will equal $25.00. A portion of dealer manager fees may be reallowed to participating dealers.
Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement – The Advisor    We reimburse the Advisor for certain costs and expenses that it (or the Sub-Advisor acting on the Advisor’s behalf) incurs on our behalf in connection with the Offering, provided that aggregate reimbursements of such costs and expenses shall not exceed the organization and offering expenses paid in connection with the sale of Class P shares in the Offering.
  

Operational Stage

Advisory Fee – The Advisor   

We pay the Advisor an advisory fee comprised of (1) a fixed component and (2) a performance component.

 

Fixed Component : The fixed component of the advisory fee is paid quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 1/4 th of 1.5% of the average aggregate value of our assets over such quarter, where the value of each asset shall be the value determined in accordance with our valuation policies or, if such value has not yet been determined, the book value of the asset.

 

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Type of
Compensation

and Recipient

  

Determination of Amount

  

The Advisor has agreed that if, in any given calendar quarter ending on or prior to December 31, 2017, our modified funds from operation (“MFFO”), which is a non-GAAP supplemental financial performance measure, is less than the aggregate distributions payable to stockholders for such quarter, then a portion of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter shall be deferred in an amount equal to the distributions payable for that quarter minus our MFFO for that quarter, provided that such deferred amount shall not exceed 25% of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter. Deferred portions of the fixed component of the advisory fee will be paid to the Advisor to the extent that MFFO exceeds distributions paid or payable to stockholders for a future calendar quarter, but only to the extent of such excess.

 

Performance Component : The performance component of the advisory fee is calculated and paid annually with respect to the Class P shares, such that for any year in which our total return per Class P share exceeds 7% per annum, the Advisor will receive 20% of the excess total return allocable to the Class P shares; provided that in no event will the performance component of the advisory fee exceed 15% of the aggregate total return allocable to Class P shares for such year.

 

In the event our NAV per Class P share decreases below $25.00, the performance component will not be earned on any increase in NAV per Class P share up to $25.00, provided that we may decrease this threshold if (i) there has been a fundamental and unexpected change in the overall CRE market and (ii) our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, has determined that such change is necessary to appropriately incent the Advisor to perform in a manner that maximizes stockholder value and is in the best interests of our stockholders.

 

The Advisor has agreed to waive the performance component of the advisory fee for any year in which (i) our MFFO for such year is less than the aggregate distributions paid or payable to our stockholders during such year, or (ii) our cumulative MFFO since inception is less than the aggregate distributions paid or payable to our stockholders since inception. The foregoing waiver will cease to apply upon the commencement of our initial public offering.

Operating Expense Reimbursement – The Advisor

   We reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates for out-of-pocket expenses that it (or the Sub-Advisor on the Advisor’s behalf) incurs in connection with providing services to us. We do not reimburse the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor for any of their overhead, such as rent and utilities, or personnel costs for individuals who perform services for us.

 

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Conflicts of Interest

In order to reduce the conflicts inherent in transactions with affiliates, our charter prohibits us from purchasing assets or properties from or selling or leasing assets or properties to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing. In addition, our charter prohibits us from making any loans to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing. The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates experience conflicts of interest in connection with the management of our business. Some of the material conflicts that the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates face include the following:

 

    The investment professionals of the Sub-Advisor must determine which investment opportunities to recommend to us and to existing and future investment vehicles which are affiliated with Sound Point, the parent of the Sub-Advisor.

 

    Our executive officers and the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s personnel acting on our behalf must allocate their time among us and other programs and activities in which they are involved, which could cause them to devote less of their time to our business than they otherwise would.

 

    The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates may receive fees in connection with the management of our assets regardless of the quality or performance of the asset or the services provided. This fee structure may cause the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor to fail to negotiate the best price and terms for the assets we originate and acquire.

 

    Because the Advisory Agreement and the Dealer Manager Agreement (including the substantial fees that the Dealer Manager, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates will receive thereunder) were not negotiated at arm’s-length, their terms may not be as advantageous to us as those available from unrelated third parties.

 

    Following the NAV Pricing Date, the advisory fee that we pay to the Advisor will be based upon the valuation of our investment portfolio as determined in connection with our determination of NAV, and the Advisor will be involved in the valuation of our investment portfolio in coordination with the Valuation Advisor.

 

    The Dealer Manager is an affiliate of IREIC, the parent of the Advisor.

Borrowing Policy

We employ conservative levels of borrowing in order to provide more cash available for investment and to generate improved returns. We believe that careful use of leverage will help us to achieve our diversification goals and potentially enhance the returns on our investments. Our charter precludes us from borrowing in excess of an amount that is generally expected to approximate 75% of the aggregate cost of our investments before deducting loan loss reserves, other non-cash reserves and depreciation. However, we may borrow in excess of these amounts if such excess is approved by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, and disclosed to our stockholders in our next quarterly report along with justification for such excess. Our board of directors reviews our aggregate borrowings at least quarterly to ensure the amount remains reasonable in relation to our net assets and may from time-to-time modify our leverage policy in light of then-current economic conditions, relative costs of debt and equity capital, fair value of our assets, growth and acquisition opportunities or other factors they deem appropriate.

Investment Company Act of 1940

We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we, nor our operating partnership nor the subsidiaries of our operating partnership are investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”). Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Excluded from the term “investment securities,” among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

 

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With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(A), neither we nor our operating partnership intends to engage primarily or hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, we and our operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of our operating partnership’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, each of which will rely on an exception from registration under the Investment Company Act. With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(C), we expect that most of the entities through which we and our operating partnership own assets will be wholly-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exceptions from the definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act and, thus, neither we nor our operating partnership expect to own a significant amount of “investment securities.”

Through the subsidiaries of our operating partnership, we plan to originate, acquire, invest in and manage instruments that could be deemed to be securities for purposes of the Investment Company Act, including, but not limited to, first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans, as well as CMBS, senior unsecured debt of publicly traded REITs and CDO notes. Accordingly, it is possible that more than 40% of the total assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries will be deemed to be investment securities for Investment Company Act purposes. However, in reliance on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, we do not intend to register any of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Entities that meet the standards set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C) are excepted from the definition of an investment company. Section 3(c)(5)(C) is available for entities “primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” This exception generally requires that at least 55% of each such subsidiary’s portfolio must be comprised of qualifying assets and at least another 25% of each of their portfolios must be comprised of real estate-related assets under the Investment Company Act (and no more than 20% comprised of non-qualifying or non-real estate-related assets). Qualifying assets for this purpose include mortgage loans and other assets, such as certain subordinated mezzanine loans and participations and other interests in real estate, as interpreted by the SEC staff in various no-action letters. As a result of the foregoing restrictions, we will be limited in our ability to make certain investments.

Existing SEC no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than 10 years ago. Certain mortgage loans and participations in mortgage loans may not constitute qualifying real estate investments for purposes of Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. No assurance can be given that the SEC will concur with our classification of the assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries. Future revisions to the Investment Company Act or further guidance from the SEC staff may cause us to lose our ability to rely on Section 3(c)(5)(C) or force us to re-evaluate our portfolio and our investment strategy. Such changes may prevent us from operating our business successfully.

We expect that substantially all of the assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries will meet the standard set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C). However, because the acquisition of our initial investments through our operating partnership are CMBS that may not meet the standard set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C), we and our operating partnership may not currently satisfy the requirements of Section 3(a)(1)(C) because our operating partnership’s subsidiaries may initially be required to rely on Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. As a result, we, our operating partnership and our operating partnership’s subsidiaries currently rely on Rule 3a-2 under the Investment Company Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption, not to exceed one year, for companies that have a bona fide intent to be engaged in an excepted activity but that temporarily fail to meet the requirements for another exemption from registration as an investment company. Following the safe harbor period permitted by Rule 3a-2, the securities issued to our operating partnership by any wholly-owned subsidiaries or majority-owned subsidiaries that we may form in the future that are excluded from the definition of investment company based on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7), together with any other investment securities our operating partnership may own, may not have a value in excess of 40% of the value of our operating partnership’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. We will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with this test.

To ensure that we are not required, as such requirements have been interpreted by the SEC staff, to register as an investment company, we may be unable to dispose of assets that we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets that we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may be required to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise acquire or forego opportunities to acquire interests that we

 

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would otherwise want to acquire. Although we intend to monitor our portfolio periodically and prior to each acquisition and disposition, we may not be able to maintain an exemption from registration as an investment company. If we are required to register as an investment company but fail to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of and liquidate our business.

Seasonality

We do not expect our investments to be materially impacted by seasonality. However, the collateral underlying certain investments that we have acquired or will acquire may be materially affected by seasonality.

Employees

We do not currently have any employees, nor do we currently intend to hire any employees who will be compensated directly by us. We rely entirely on the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor to manage our business and assets. Each of our executive officers, including our executive officers who serve as directors, are employed by Inland, Sound Point, or their affiliates and receive compensation for his or her services, including services performed for us on behalf of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, from Inland or Sound Point, as applicable.

Financial Information about Industry Segments

Our current business consists of acquiring, owning, managing, leasing, investing in, and disposing of real estate assets. We internally evaluate all of our real estate assets as one industry segment, and, accordingly, we do not report segment information.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

An investment in shares of our common stock involves substantial risks. You should carefully consider all of the material risks described below in conjunction with the other information contained herein before purchasing shares. The risks discussed herein could materially adversely affect our business, operating results, prospects and financial condition. The occurrence of any of the following risks could cause the value of our common stock to decline and could cause you to lose all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to an Investment in Our Company

We have a limited operating history and there is no assurance that we will be able to successfully achieve our investment objectives.

We are a recently formed entity with a limited operating history and may not be able to achieve our investment objectives. As of the date hereof, we have made two investments. We cannot assure you that the past experiences of affiliates of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor will be sufficient to allow us to successfully achieve our investment objectives. As a result, an investment in our shares of common stock may entail more risk than the shares of common stock of a REIT with a substantial operating history.

Because this is a “blind pool” offering, you do not have the opportunity to evaluate the investments we make subsequent to the date you subscribe for shares, which makes an investment in our shares more speculative.

Other than the two investments we have made as of the date hereof, as described elsewhere in this Form 10, we have not yet acquired or identified any of the investments that we intend to make. We have not established any limits on the percentage of our portfolio that may be comprised of the various categories of assets that we target for investment. We also cannot predict our actual allocation of assets at this time because such allocation will also be dependent, in part, upon the amount of financing we are able to obtain, if any, with respect to each asset class in which we invest. Because you are unable to evaluate the economic merit of assets before we invest in them, you have to rely entirely on the ability of the Sub-Advisor to select suitable and successful investment opportunities. These factors increase the speculative nature of an investment in our shares.

There is no public trading market for shares of our common stock; therefore, your ability to dispose of your shares will likely be limited to repurchase by us. If you do sell your shares to us, you may receive less than the price you paid.

There is no current public trading market for shares of our common stock, and we do not expect that such a market will ever develop. Therefore, repurchase of shares by us will likely be the only way for you to dispose of your shares. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, we will only repurchase shares in the case of death or disability. As a result, stockholders may be unable to have their shares repurchased by us until the NAV Pricing Date. Following the NAV Pricing Date, we intend to repurchase Class P shares on a monthly basis at a price equal to our most recently determined NAV per Class P share on the date the repurchase request is processed, and not based on the price at which you initially purchased your shares. As a result, you may receive less than the price you paid for your shares when you sell them to us pursuant to our repurchase program.

Our ability to repurchase your shares may be limited, and our board of directors may modify or suspend our repurchase program at any time.

Following the NAV Pricing Date, the total amount of all classes of shares that we will repurchase in any calendar quarter will be capped at 5% of the total NAV as of the end of the prior calendar quarter. The vast majority of our assets cannot be readily liquidated without impacting our ability to realize full value upon their disposition. Therefore, we may not always have a sufficient amount of cash to immediately satisfy repurchase requests. Should repurchase requests, in the business judgment of our board of directors, place an undue burden on our liquidity, adversely affect our investment operations or pose a risk of having a material adverse impact on stockholders whose shares are not being repurchased, then our board of directors may modify or suspend our share repurchase program. Because our board of directors is not required to authorize the recommencement of the share repurchase program within any specified period of time, our board may effectively terminate the plan by suspending it indefinitely. As a result, your ability to have your shares repurchased by us may be limited and at times you may not be able to liquidate your investment.

 

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The amount and source of distributions we may make to our stockholders is uncertain, and we may be unable to generate sufficient cash flows from our operations to make distributions to our stockholders at any time in the future.

We have not established a minimum distribution payment level, and our ability to make distributions to our stockholders may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including the risk factors described in this Form 10. Because we currently have limited assets and have not identified any additional assets to acquire with the future proceeds of the Offering, we may not generate sufficient income to make distributions to our stockholders. Our board of directors will make determinations regarding distributions based upon, among other factors, our financial performance, debt service obligations, debt covenants and capital expenditure requirements. Among the factors that could impair our ability to make distributions to our stockholders are:

 

    the limited size of our portfolio in the early stages of our development;

 

    our inability to invest the proceeds from sales of our shares on a timely basis in income-producing CRE loans, CRE securities and select CRE equity investments;

 

    our inability to realize attractive risk-adjusted returns on our investments;

 

    unanticipated expenses or reduced revenues that reduce our cash flow or non-cash earnings;

 

    defaults in our investment portfolio or decreases in the value of our investments; and

 

    the fact that anticipated operating expense levels may not prove accurate, as actual results may vary from estimates.

As a result, we may not be able to make distributions to our stockholders at any time in the future, and the level of any distributions we do make to our stockholders may not increase or even be maintained over time, any of which could materially and adversely affect the value of your investment.

We may pay distributions from sources other than our cash flow from operations, including, without limitation, the sale of assets, borrowings or Offering proceeds, and we have no limits on the amounts we may pay from such sources.

During the early stages of our operations, and from time to time thereafter, we may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to fully fund distributions to stockholders. Therefore, particularly in the earlier part of the Offering, we may choose to use cash flows from financing activities, which include borrowings (including borrowings secured by our assets), net proceeds of the Offering, or other sources to fund distributions to our stockholders. We may be required to continue to fund our regular distributions from a combination of some of these sources if our investments fail to perform as anticipated, if expenses are greater than expected and due to numerous other factors. We have not established a limit on the amount of our distributions that may be paid from any of these sources.

Using certain of these sources may result in a liability to us, which would require a future repayment. The use of these sources for distributions and the ultimate repayment of any liabilities incurred could adversely impact our ability to pay distributions in future periods, decrease our NAV, decrease the amount of cash we have available for operations and new investments and adversely impact the value of your investment.

Our stockholders may experience dilution.

If you purchase Class P shares in the Offering, you will incur immediate dilution equal to the costs of the Offering we incur in selling such shares. This means that investors who purchase our Class P shares will pay a price per share that exceeds the amount available to us to invest in our targeted assets.

In addition, our stockholders do not have preemptive rights. Approximately 12 months after the commencement of the Offering, which occurred on October 25, 2016, we intend to offer one or more additional classes of shares of our common stock in a series of continuous public offerings. If we engage in any public offering of common stock or securities convertible into common stock or otherwise issue additional shares, investors who purchase Class P shares in the Offering who do not participate in those other stock issuances will experience dilution in their percentage ownership of our outstanding shares. Furthermore, you may experience a dilution in the value of your shares depending on the terms and pricing of any share issuances (including the shares being sold in the Offering) and the value of our assets at the time of issuance.

 

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Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the offering price for our Class P shares in the Offering was arbitrarily determined and will not accurately represent the current value of our assets at any particular time; therefore the purchase price you pay for shares of our common stock may be higher than the value of our assets per Class P share at the time of your purchase.

Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the offering price for the Class P shares in the Offering is fixed and will not vary unless and until our board of directors determines to change the offering price. Therefore, the fixed offering price established for Class P shares will not accurately represent the current value of our assets per Class P share of our common stock at any particular time and may be higher than the actual value of our assets per Class P share at the time you purchase shares.

Valuations and appraisals of our properties and real estate-related assets are estimates of fair value and may not necessarily correspond to realizable value.

From and after the NAV Pricing Date, the Valuation Advisor will perform a valuation of our assets and liabilities at least every calendar quarter in accordance with valuation guidelines approved by our board of directors. Within the parameters of our valuation guidelines, the valuation methodologies used to value our assets will involve subjective judgments regarding such factors as comparable sales, rental and operating expense data, the capitalization or discount rate, and projections of future rent and expenses, and may not be accurate. Valuation methodologies will also involve assumptions and opinions about future events, which may or may not turn out to be correct. Valuations and appraisals of our properties and real estate-related assets will be only estimates of fair value. Ultimate realization of the value of an asset depends to a great extent on economic and other conditions beyond our control and the control of the Advisor and the Valuation Advisor. Further, valuations do not necessarily represent the price at which an asset would sell, since market prices of assets can only be determined by negotiation between a willing buyer and seller. Therefore, the valuations of our properties and our investments in real estate-related assets may not correspond to the timely realizable value upon a sale of those assets. There will be no retroactive adjustment in the valuation of such assets, the price of our shares of common stock, the price we paid to repurchase shares of our common stock or NAV-based fees we paid to the Advisor to the extent such valuations prove to not accurately reflect the true estimate of value and are not a precise measure of realizable value. Because the price at which your shares may be repurchased by us pursuant to our repurchase program following the NAV Pricing Date will be based on our estimated NAV per share, you may receive less than realizable value for your investment.

Our NAV per share may suddenly change if the appraised values of our illiquid assets materially change from prior appraisals or the actual operating results for a particular quarter differ from what we originally budgeted for that quarter.

Following the NAV Pricing Date, each of our assets will be appraised at least annually by the Valuation Advisor, and appraisals will be scheduled over the course of a year so that approximately 25% of all assets will be appraised each quarter. When the appraisals for one or more assets are reflected in our NAV calculation, there may be a sudden change in our NAV per share for each class of our common stock. In addition, actual operating results for a given quarter may differ from what we originally budgeted for that quarter, which may cause a sudden increase or decrease in the NAV per share amounts. As soon as practicable after the end of the last business day of each quarter, we will adjust the income and expenses we estimated for that quarter to reflect the income and expenses actually earned and incurred. We will not retroactively adjust the quarterly NAV per share of each class for each day of the previous quarter. Therefore, because the actual results from operations may be better or worse than what we previously budgeted for a particular quarter, the adjustment to reflect actual operating results may cause the NAV per share for each class of our common stock to increase or decrease, and such increase or decrease will occur on the day the adjustment is made.

 

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It may be difficult to reflect, fully and accurately, material events that may impact our quarterly NAV.

From and after the NAV Pricing Date, the Fund Administrator’s determination of our quarterly NAV per share will be based in part on estimates of the values of our illiquid assets provided periodically by the Valuation Advisor in accordance with valuation guidelines approved by our board of directors. As a result, our most recently published NAV per share may not fully reflect any or all changes in value that may have occurred since the most recent valuation. The Fund Administrator and the Advisor will review appraisal reports and monitor our assets, and the Advisor is responsible for notifying the Valuation Advisor of the occurrence of any asset-specific or market-driven event it believes may cause a material valuation change in the asset valuation, but it may be difficult to reflect fully and accurately rapidly changing market conditions or material events that may impact the value of our illiquid assets or liabilities between valuations, or to obtain quickly complete information regarding any such events. As a result, the NAV per share may not reflect a material event until such time as sufficient information is available and analyzed, and the financial impact is fully evaluated, such that our NAV may be appropriately adjusted in accordance with our valuation guidelines. Depending on the circumstance, the resulting potential disparity in our NAV may be in favor of either stockholders who have their shares repurchased, or stockholders who buy new shares, or existing stockholders.

NAV calculations are not governed by governmental or independent securities, financial or accounting rules or standards.

The method for calculating our NAV, including the components that will be used in calculating our NAV, is not prescribed by rules of the SEC or any other regulatory agency. Further, there are no accounting rules or standards that prescribe which components should be used in calculating NAV, and our NAV will not be audited by our independent registered public accounting firm. We will calculate and publish our quarterly NAV solely for purposes of establishing the price at which we will sell and repurchase shares of our common stock after the NAV Pricing Date, and you should not view our NAV as a measure of our historical or future financial condition or performance. The components and methodology that will be used in calculating our NAV may differ from those used by other companies now or in the future.

In addition, our NAV calculations, to the extent that they incorporate valuations of our assets and liabilities, are not prepared in accordance with GAAP. These valuations, which are based on market values that assume a willing buyer and seller, may differ from liquidation values that could be realized in the event that we were forced to sell assets.

You will not be able to determine the net asset value of your shares on an ongoing basis during the Offering and for a substantial period of time thereafter.

Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, we will not calculate our NAV or our NAV per Class P share. Commencing with the NAV Pricing Date, the Advisor will be responsible for calculating our quarterly NAV at the end of each calendar quarter. Our board of directors will review the NAV calculation quarterly. To calculate our NAV per share, the Fund Administrator will determine the fair value of our assets and liabilities, based in part on the valuation of our illiquid assets by the Valuation Advisor. We will determine and publish the NAV per share of each class of our common stock following the end of each calendar quarter after the NAV Pricing Date (i) on our website and (ii) from and after the date that we are required to file quarterly reports with the SEC pursuant to the Exchange Act, in such quarterly reports. In addition, following the end of each calendar quarter after the NAV Pricing Date, if the Offering is ongoing, we will prepare and distribute supplements, and if we have commenced an initial public offering, then we will prepare, and file with the SEC, supplements to the prospectus which forms a part of the registration statement for such public offering. In addition to these quarterly pricing supplements to the Memorandum or prospectus, we will provide more frequent pricing supplements only if there is a change in the NAV by more than 5% from the NAV disclosed in the last filed or distributed prospectus or supplement. Therefore, you will not be able to determine the net asset value of your Class P shares on an ongoing basis during the Offering and possibly for a substantial period of time thereafter. Furthermore, such NAV per Class P share calculations will be only an estimate and may not represent the actual value of your Class P shares or the price at which a third party would be willing to purchase your Class P shares.

 

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Risks Related to Our Business

The CRE industry has been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the United States and global financial markets generally.

Our business and operations are currently dependent on the CRE industry generally, which in turn is dependent upon broad economic conditions in the United States, Europe, China and elsewhere. Recently, concerns over global economic conditions, energy and commodity prices, geopolitical issues, deflation, Federal Reserve short term rate decisions, foreign exchange rates, the availability and cost of credit, the sovereign debt crisis, the Chinese economy, the United States mortgage market and a potentially weakening real estate market in the United States have contributed to increased economic uncertainty and diminished expectations for the global economy. These factors, combined with volatile prices of oil and declining business and consumer confidence, may precipitate an economic slowdown, as well as cause extreme volatility in security prices. Global economic and political headwinds, along with global market instability and the risk of maturing debt that may have difficulties being refinanced, may continue to cause periodic volatility in the CRE market for some time. Adverse conditions in the CRE industry could harm our business and financial condition by, among other factors, the tightening of the credit markets, decline in the value of our assets and continuing credit and liquidity concerns and otherwise negatively impacting our operations.

Challenging economic and financial market conditions could significantly reduce the amount of income we earn on our CRE investments and further reduce the value of our investments.

Challenging economic and financial market conditions may cause us to experience an increase in the number of CRE investments that result in losses, including delinquencies, non-performing assets and taking title to collateral and a decrease in the value of the property or other collateral which secures our investments, all of which could adversely affect our results of operations. We may incur substantial losses and need to establish significant provision for losses or impairment. Our revenue from investments could diminish significantly.

Volatility, disruption or uncertainty in the financial markets may impair our ability to raise capital, obtain new financing or refinance existing obligations and fund our investment activities.

The global financial markets have experienced pervasive and fundamental disruptions. Market disruption, volatility or uncertainty could materially adversely impact our ability to raise capital, obtain new financing or refinance our existing obligations as they mature and fund our investment activities. In addition, market disruption, volatility or uncertainty may also expose us to increased litigation and stockholder activism. These conditions could materially disrupt our business, operations and ability to make distributions to stockholders. Market volatility could also lead to significant uncertainty in the valuation of our investments, which may result in a substantial decrease in the value of our investments. As a result, we may not be able to recover the carrying amount of such investments and the associated goodwill, if any, which may require us to recognize impairment charges in earnings.

The Sub-Advisor may not be successful, or there may be delays, in locating suitable investments, which could limit our ability to make distributions and lower the overall return on your investment.

We rely upon the Sub-Advisor to identify suitable investments. The investment professionals of the Sub-Advisor must determine which investment opportunities to recommend to us and to existing and future investment vehicles which are affiliated with Sound Point, the parent of the Sub-Advisor. The Sub-Advisor may not be successful in locating suitable investments on financially attractive terms, and we may not achieve our investment objectives. If we, through the Sub-Advisor, are unable to find suitable investments promptly, we may hold the proceeds from the Offering in an interest-bearing account or invest the proceeds in short-term assets. We expect that the income we earn on these temporary investments will not be substantial. Further, we may use the principal amount of these investments, and any returns generated on these investments, to pay fees and expenses in connection with the Offering and to make distributions to stockholders. Therefore, delays in investing proceeds we raise from the Offering could impact our ability to generate cash flow for distributions or to achieve our investment objectives.

 

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The Sub-Advisor may acquire assets where the returns are substantially below expectations or which result in net losses. In the event we are unable to timely locate suitable investments, we may be unable or limited in our ability to pay distributions and we may not be able to meet our investment objectives. The Sub-Advisor’s investment professionals face competing demands upon their time, including in instances when we have capital ready for investment and consequently we may face delays in execution. Delays we encounter in the selection and origination or acquisition of investments would likely limit our ability to pay distributions to you and lower your overall returns.

Our ability to achieve our investment objectives and to pay distributions depends in substantial part upon the performance of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and third-party servicers.

Our ability to achieve our investment objectives and to pay distributions depends in substantial part upon the performance of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor in the origination and acquisition of our investments, including the determination of any financing arrangements, as well as the performance of the third-party servicers of our CRE debt investments. You must rely entirely on the management abilities of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor and the oversight of our board of directors, along with those of our third-party servicers.

Because we are dependent upon the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates to conduct our operations and we are also dependent upon the Dealer Manager and its affiliates to raise capital, any adverse changes in the financial health of these entities or our relationship with them could hinder our operating performance and the return on your investment.

We are dependent on the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates to manage our operations and our portfolio, and we are also dependent upon the Dealer Manager and its affiliates to raise capital. The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates depend upon the direct and indirect fees and other compensation or reimbursement of costs that they receive from us and other companies affiliated with IREIC and Sound Point, respectively, and in connection with the management of our business and assets to conduct their operations. The Dealer Manager also depends upon the fees that it receives from us in connection with the Offering. Any adverse changes in the financial condition of the Advisor or its affiliates or our relationship with the Dealer Manager or its affiliates could hinder their ability to successfully support our business and growth, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

The loss of or the inability to obtain key investment professionals at the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates could delay or hinder implementation of our investment strategies, which could limit our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of your investment.

Our success depends to a significant degree upon the contributions of key personnel at the Sub-Advisor and its affiliates, each of whom would be difficult to replace. We cannot assure you that such personnel will continue to be associated with the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates in the future. If any of these persons were to cease their association with us or the Sub-Advisor, our operating results could suffer. We do not intend to maintain key person life insurance on any person. We believe that our future success depends, in large part, upon the Sub-Advisor’s and its affiliates’ ability to hire and retain highly-skilled managerial, operational and marketing professionals. Competition for such professionals is intense, and the Sub-Advisor and its affiliates may be unsuccessful in attracting and retaining such skilled individuals. If the Sub-Advisor loses or is unable to obtain the services of highly-skilled professionals, our ability to implement our investment strategies could be delayed or hindered and the value of our common stock may decline.

The Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s platform may not be as scalable as we anticipate and we could face difficulties growing our business without significant new investment in personnel and infrastructure.

If our business grows substantially, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor may need to make significant new investments in personnel and infrastructure to support that growth. In addition, service providers to whom the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor may delegate certain functions may also be strained by our growth. The Sub-Advisor may be unable to make significant investments on a timely basis or at reasonable costs and its failure in this regard could disrupt our business and operations. Further, during periods of economic retraction, IREIC, Sound Point, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor may be incented to reduce their personnel and costs, which could have an adverse effect on us.

 

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Failure by us or the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, service providers, tenants or borrowers to implement effective information and cyber security policies, procedures and capabilities could disrupt our business and harm our results of operations.

We and the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, service providers, tenants and borrowers are dependent on the effectiveness of our respective information and cyber security policies, procedures and capabilities to protect our computer and telecommunications systems and the data that resides on or is transmitted through them. An externally caused information security incident, such as a hacker attack, virus or worm, or an internally caused issue, such as failure to control access to sensitive systems, could materially interrupt business operations or cause disclosure or modification of sensitive or confidential information and could result in material financial loss, loss of competitive position, regulatory actions, breach of contracts, reputational harm or legal liability.

Risks Related to Our Investments

Our CRE debt and securities investments are subject to the risks typically associated with CRE.

Our CRE debt and securities investments are subject to the risks typically associated with real estate, including:

 

    local, state, national or international economic conditions, including market disruptions caused by regional concerns, political upheaval, the sovereign debt crisis and other factors;

 

    real estate conditions, such as an oversupply of or a reduction in demand for real estate space in an area;

 

    lack of liquidity inherent in the nature of the asset;

 

    tenant/operator mix and the success of the tenant/operator business;

 

    the ability and willingness of tenants/operators/managers to maintain the financial strength and liquidity to satisfy their obligations to us and to third parties;

 

    reliance on tenants/operators/managers to operate their business in a sufficient manner and in compliance with their contractual arrangements with us;

 

    ability and cost to replace a tenant/operator/manager upon default;

 

    property management decisions;

 

    property location and conditions;

 

    property operating costs, including insurance premiums, real estate taxes and maintenance costs;

 

    the perceptions of the quality, convenience, attractiveness and safety of the properties;

 

    branding, marketing and operational strategies;

 

    competition from comparable properties;

 

    the occupancy rate of, and the rental rates charged at, the properties;

 

    the ability to collect on a timely basis all rent;

 

    the effects of any bankruptcies or insolvencies;

 

    the expense of leasing, renovation or construction;

 

    changes in interest rates and in the availability, cost and terms of mortgage financing;

 

    unknown liens being placed on the properties;

 

    bad acts of third parties;

 

    the ability to refinance mortgage notes payable related to the real estate on favorable terms, if at all;

 

    changes in governmental rules, regulations and fiscal policies;

 

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    tax implications;

 

    changes in laws, including laws that increase operating expenses or limit rents that may be charged;

 

    the impact of present or future environmental legislation and compliance with environmental laws, including costs of remediation and liabilities associated with environmental conditions affecting properties;

 

    cost of compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act;

 

    adverse changes in governmental rules and fiscal policies;

 

    social unrest and civil disturbances;

 

    acts of nature, including earthquakes, hurricanes and other natural disasters;

 

    terrorism;

 

    the potential for uninsured or underinsured property losses;

 

    adverse changes in state and local laws, including zoning laws; and

 

    other factors which are beyond our control.

The value of each property is affected significantly by its ability to generate cash flow and net income, which in turn depends on the amount of rental or other income that can be generated net of expenses required to be incurred with respect to the property. Many expenses associated with properties (such as operating expenses and capital expenses) cannot be reduced when there is a reduction in income from the properties.

These factors may have a material adverse effect on the value and the return that we can realize from our assets, as well as the ability of our borrowers to pay their loans and the ability of the borrowers on the underlying loans securing our securities to pay their loans.

A prolonged economic slowdown, a lengthy or severe recession or declining real estate values could harm our investments.

Many of our investments may be susceptible to economic slowdowns or recessions, which could lead to financial losses and a decrease in revenues, earnings and assets. An economic slowdown or recession, in addition to other non-economic factors such as an excess supply of properties, could have a material negative impact on the values of our investments. Borrowers may be less likely to achieve their business plans and be able to pay principal and interest on our CRE debt investments if the economy weakens and property values decline. Further, declining real estate values significantly increase the likelihood that we will incur losses on our investments in the event of a default because the value of our collateral may be insufficient to cover our cost. In addition, declining real estate values will reduce the value of any of our properties. Slower than expected economic growth pressured by a strained labor market, along with overall financial uncertainty, could result in lower occupancy rates and lower lease rates across many property types and may create obstacles for us to achieve our business plans. We may also be less able to pay principal and interest on our borrowings, which could cause us to lose title to properties securing our borrowings. Any sustained period of increased payment delinquencies, taking title to collateral or losses could adversely affect both our CRE investments as well as our ability to finance our portfolio, which would significantly harm our revenues, results of operations, financial condition, business prospects and our ability to make distributions to you.

We are subject to significant competition and we may not be able to compete successfully for investments.

We are subject to significant competition for attractive investment opportunities from other real estate investors, some of which have greater financial resources than us, including publicly traded REITs, public, non-listed REITs, insurance companies, commercial and investment banking firms, private institutional funds, hedge funds, private equity funds and other investors. Our management has observed increased competition in recent years, and we expect such trend to continue. We may not be able to compete successfully for investments. In addition, the number of entities and the amount of funds competing for suitable investments may increase. If we pay higher prices for

 

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investments or originate loans on less advantageous terms to us, our returns may be lower and the value of our assets may not increase or may decrease significantly below the amount we paid for such assets. As we reinvest capital, we may not realize risk adjusted returns that are as attractive as those we have realized in the past. If such events occur, we may experience lower returns on our investments.

We may change our investment strategy without your consent and make riskier investments.

We may change our investment strategy at any time without the consent of our stockholders, which could result in our making investments that are different from and possibly riskier than the investments described herein. A change in our investment strategy may increase our exposure to interest rate and commercial real estate market fluctuations.

We may not be effective in originating, acquiring and managing our investments.

We, through the Sub-Advisor, generally originate and manage our investments. Our origination and acquisition capabilities depend on the Sub-Advisor’s ability to leverage its relationships in the market and deploy capital to borrowers and tenants that hold properties meeting our underwriting standards. Managing these investments requires significant resources, adherence to internal policies and attention to detail. Managing investments may also require significant judgment and, despite our expectations, the Sub-Advisor may make decisions that result in losses. If we are unable to successfully originate investments on favorable terms, or at all, or if we are ineffective in managing those investments, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected.

The CRE debt we originate and invest in and mortgage loans underlying the CRE securities we invest in are subject to risks of delinquency, taking title to collateral, loss and bankruptcy of the borrower under the loan. If the borrower defaults, it may result in losses to us.

Our CRE debt investments will be secured by commercial real estate and are subject to risks of delinquency, loss, taking title to collateral and bankruptcy of the borrower. The ability of a borrower to repay a loan secured by commercial real estate is typically dependent primarily upon the successful operation of such property rather than upon the existence of independent income or assets of the borrower. If the net operating income of the property is reduced or is not increased, depending on the borrower’s business plan, the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired. If a borrower defaults or declares bankruptcy and the underlying asset value is less than the loan amount, we will suffer a loss. In this manner, real estate values could impact the value of our CRE debt and securities investments. Therefore, our CRE debt and securities will be subject to the risks typically associated with real estate.

Additionally, we may suffer losses for a number of reasons, including the following, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial performance:

 

    If the value of real property or other assets securing our CRE debt deteriorates. The majority of our CRE debt investments will be fully or substantially nonrecourse. In the event of a default by a borrower on a nonrecourse loan, we will only have recourse to the real estate-related assets (including escrowed funds and reserves, if any) collateralizing the debt. There can be no assurance that the value of the assets securing our CRE debt investments will not deteriorate over time due to factors beyond our control, as was the case during the credit crisis and as a result of the recent economic recession. Further, we may not know whether the value of these properties has declined below levels existing on the dates of origination. If the value of the properties drops, our risk will increase because of the lower value of the collateral and reduction in borrower equity associated with the related CRE debt. If a borrower defaults on our CRE debt and the mortgaged real estate or other borrower assets collateralizing our CRE debt are insufficient to satisfy the loan, we may suffer a loss of principal or interest.

 

   

If a borrower or guarantor defaults on recourse obligations under a CRE debt investment. We sometimes will obtain personal or corporate guarantees from borrowers or their affiliates. These guarantees are often triggered only upon the occurrence of certain trigger, or “bad boy,” events. In cases where guarantees are not fully or partially secured, we will typically rely on financial covenants from borrowers and guarantors which are designed to require the borrower or guarantor to maintain

 

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certain levels of creditworthiness. As a result of challenging economic and market conditions, many borrowers and guarantors faced, and continue to face, financial difficulties and were unable, and may continue to be unable, to comply with their financial covenants. If the economy does not strengthen, our borrowers could experience additional financial stress. Where we do not have recourse to specific collateral pledged to satisfy such guarantees or recourse loans, we will only have recourse as an unsecured creditor to the general assets of the borrower or guarantor, some or all of which may be pledged to satisfy other lenders. There can be no assurance that a borrower or guarantor will comply with its financial covenants or that sufficient assets will be available to pay amounts owed to us under our CRE debt and related guarantees.

 

    Our due diligence may not reveal all of a borrower’s liabilities and may not reveal other weaknesses in its business. Before making a loan to a borrower, we will assess the strength and skills of an entity’s management and other factors that we believe are material to the performance of the investment. This underwriting process is particularly important and subjective with respect to newly-organized entities because there may be little or no information publicly available about the entities. In making the assessment and otherwise conducting customary due diligence, we will rely on the resources available to us and, in some cases, an investigation by third parties. There can be no assurance that our due diligence processes will uncover all relevant facts or that any investment will be successful. Furthermore, historic performance evaluated in connection with our underwriting process may not be indicative of future performance.

Delays in liquidating defaulted CRE debt investments could reduce our investment returns.

The occurrence of a default on a CRE debt investment could result in our taking title to collateral. However, we may not be able to take title to and sell the collateral securing the loan quickly. Taking title to collateral can be an expensive and lengthy process that could have a negative effect on the return on our investment. Borrowers often resist when lenders, such as us, seek to take title to collateral by asserting numerous claims, counterclaims and defenses, including but not limited to lender liability claims, in an effort to prolong the foreclosure action. In some states, taking title to collateral can take several years or more to resolve. At any time during a foreclosure proceeding, for instance, the borrower may file for bankruptcy, which would have the effect of staying the foreclosure action and further delaying the foreclosure process. The resulting time delay could reduce the value of our investment in the defaulted loans. Furthermore, an action to take title to collateral securing a loan is regulated by state statutes and regulations and is subject to the delays and expenses associated with lawsuits if the borrower raises defenses, counterclaims or files for bankruptcy. In the event of default by a borrower, these restrictions, among other things, may impede our ability to take title to and sell the collateral securing the loan or to obtain proceeds sufficient to repay all amounts due to us on the loan. In addition, we may be forced to operate any collateral for which we take title for a substantial period of time, which could be a distraction for our management team and may require us to pay significant costs associated with such collateral. We may not recover any of our investment even if we take title to collateral.

We may be subject to risks associated with future advance or capital expenditure obligations, such as declining real estate values and operating performance.

Our CRE debt investments may require us to advance future funds. We may also need to fund capital expenditures and other significant expenses for our real estate property investments. Future funding obligations subject us to significant risks, such as a decline in value of the property, cost overruns and the borrower and tenant may be unable to generate enough cash flow and execute its business plan, or sell or refinance the property, in order to repay its obligations to us. We could determine that we need to fund more money than we originally anticipated in order to maximize the value of our investment even though there is no assurance additional funding would be the best course of action. Further, future funding obligations may require us to maintain higher liquidity than we might otherwise maintain and this could reduce the overall return on our investments. We could also find ourselves in a position with insufficient liquidity to fund future obligations.

 

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We may be unable to restructure our investments in a manner that we believe maximizes value, particularly if we are one of multiple creditors in a large capital structure.

In order to maximize value, we may be more likely to extend and work out an investment rather than pursue other remedies such as taking title to collateral. However, in situations where there are multiple creditors in large capital structures, it can be particularly difficult to assess the most likely course of action that a lender group or the borrower may take and it may also be difficult to achieve consensus among the lender group as to major decisions. Consequently, there could be a wide range of potential principal recovery outcomes, the timing of which can be unpredictable, based on the strategy pursued by a lender group or other applicable parties. These multiple creditor situations tend to be associated with larger loans. If we are one of a group of lenders, we may not independently control the decision making. Consequently, we may be unable to restructure an investment in a manner that we believe would maximize value.

CRE debt restructurings may reduce our net interest income.

While the U.S. economy is stronger today, a return to weak economic conditions in the future may cause our borrowers to be at increased risk of default and we or a third party may need to restructure loans if our borrowers are unable to meet their obligations to us and we believe restructuring is the best way to maximize value. In order to preserve long-term value, we may determine to lower the interest rate on loans in connection with a restructuring, which will have an adverse impact on our net interest income. We may also determine to extend the maturity and make other concessions with the goal of increasing overall value, however, there is no assurance that the results of our restructurings will be favorable to us. Restructuring an investment may ultimately result in us receiving less than had we not restructured the investment. We may lose some or all of our investment even if we restructure in an effort to increase value.

Our CRE debt and securities investments may be adversely affected by changes in credit spreads.

Our CRE debt we originate or acquire and securities investments we invest in are subject to changes in credit spreads. When credit spreads widen, the economic value of our investments decrease even if such investment is performing in accordance with its terms and the underlying collateral has not changed.

Provision for loan losses is difficult to estimate, particularly in a challenging economic environment.

In a challenging economic environment, we may experience an increase in provisions for loan losses and asset impairment charges, as borrowers may be unable to remain current in payments on loans and declining property values weaken our collateral. Our determination of provision for loan losses requires us to make certain estimates and judgments, which may be difficult to determine, particularly in a challenging economic environment. Our estimates and judgments are based on a number of factors, including projected cash flow from the collateral securing our CRE debt, structure, including the availability of reserves and recourse guarantees, likelihood of repayment in full at the maturity of a loan, potential for refinancing and expected market discount rates for varying property types, all of which remain uncertain and are subjective. Our estimates and judgments may not be correct, particularly during challenging economic environments, and therefore our results of operations and financial condition could be severely impacted.

Both our borrowers’ and tenants’ forms of entities may cause special risks or hinder our recovery.

The borrowers for our CRE debt investments, as well as borrowers underlying our CRE securities, will be legal entities rather than individuals. The obligations these entities will owe us are typically nonrecourse so we can only look to our collateral, and at times, the assets of the entity may not be sufficient to recover our investment. As a result, our risk of loss may be greater than for originators of loans made to individuals. Unlike individuals involved in bankruptcies, these legal entities will generally not have personal assets and creditworthiness at stake. As a result, the default or bankruptcy of one of our borrowers or tenants, or a general partner or managing member of that borrower or tenant, may impair our ability to enforce our rights and remedies under the related mortgage or the terms of the lease agreement, respectively.

 

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The subordinate CRE debt we originate and acquire may be subject to risks relating to the structure and terms of the related transactions, as well as subordination in bankruptcy, and there may not be sufficient funds or assets remaining to satisfy our investments, which may result in losses to us.

We originate, structure and acquire subordinate CRE debt investments secured primarily by commercial properties, which may include subordinate mortgage loans, mezzanine loans and participations in such loans and preferred equity interests in borrowers who own such properties. We have not placed any limits on the percentage of our portfolio that may be comprised of these types of investments, which may involve a higher degree of risk than the type of assets that we expect will constitute the majority of our debt investments, namely first mortgage loans secured by real property. These investments may be subordinate to other debt on commercial property and will be secured by subordinate rights to the commercial property or by equity interests in the borrower. In addition, real properties with subordinate debt may have higher loan-to-value ratios than conventional debt, resulting in less equity in the real property and increasing the risk of loss of principal and interest. If a borrower defaults or declares bankruptcy, after senior obligations are met, there may not be sufficient funds or assets remaining to satisfy our subordinate interests. Because each transaction is privately negotiated, subordinate investments can vary in their structural characteristics and lender rights. Our rights to control the default or bankruptcy process following a default will vary from transaction to transaction. The subordinate investments that we originate and invest in may not give us the right to demand taking title to collateral as a subordinate real estate debt holder. Furthermore, the presence of intercreditor agreements may limit our ability to amend our loan documents, assign our loans, accept prepayments, exercise our remedies and control decisions made in bankruptcy proceedings relating to borrowers. Similarly, a majority of the participating lenders may be able to take actions to which we object, but by which we will be bound. Even if we have control, we may be unable to prevent a default or bankruptcy and we could suffer substantial losses. Certain transactions that we originate and invest in could be particularly difficult, time consuming and costly to work out because of their complicated structure and the diverging interests of all the various classes of debt in the capital structure of a given asset.

We may make investments in assets with lower credit quality, which will increase our risk of losses.

We may invest in unrated or non-investment grade CRE securities, enter into leases with unrated tenants or participate in subordinate, unrated or distressed mortgage loans. Because the ability of obligors of properties and mortgages, including mortgage loans underlying CMBS, to make rent or principal and interest payments may be impaired during an economic downturn, prices of lower credit quality investments and CRE securities may decline. As a result, these investments may have a higher risk of default and loss than investment grade-rated assets. The existing credit support in the securitization structure may be insufficient to protect us against loss of our principal on these investments. Any loss we incur may be significant and may reduce distributions to you and may adversely affect the value of our common stock.

Investments in non-performing real estate assets involve greater risks than investments in stabilized, performing assets and make our future performance more difficult to predict.

We may make investments in non-performing real estate assets, in which the operating cash flow generated from the underlying property is insufficient to support current debt service payments. Traditional performance metrics of real estate assets are generally not as reliable for non-performing real estate assets as they are for performing real estate assets. Nonperforming properties, for instance, do not have stabilized occupancy rates and may require significant capital for repositioning. Similarly, non-performing loans do not have a consistent stream of cash flow to support normalized debt service. In addition, for non-performing loans, often there is greater uncertainty as to the amount or timeliness of principal repayment. Borrowers will typically try to create value in a non-performing real estate investment including by development, redevelopment or lease-up of a property. However, none of these strategies may be effective and the subject properties may never generate sufficient cash flow to support debt service payments. If this occurs, we may negotiate a reduced payoff, restructure the terms of the loan or enforce rights as lender and take title to collateral securing the loan with respect to CRE debt investments. It is challenging to evaluate non-performing investments, which increases the risks associated with such investments. We may suffer significant losses with respect to these investments which would negatively impact our operating performance and our ability to make distributions to you.

 

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Floating-rate CRE debt, which is often associated with transitional assets, may entail greater risks of default to us than fixed-rate CRE debt.

Floating-rate loans are often, but not always, associated with transitional properties as opposed to those with highly stabilized cash flow. Floating-rate CRE debt may have higher delinquency rates than fixed-rate loans. Borrowers with floating-rate loans may be exposed to increased monthly payments if the related interest rate adjusts upward from the initial fixed rate in effect during the initial period of the loan to the rate calculated in accordance with the applicable index and margin. Increases in a borrower’s monthly payment, as a result of an increase in prevailing market interest rates, may make it more difficult for the borrowers with floating-rate loans to repay the loan and could increase the risk of default of their obligations under the loan.

Insurance may not cover all potential losses on CRE investments, which may impair the value of our assets.

We generally will require that each of the borrowers under our CRE debt investments obtain comprehensive insurance covering the collateral, including liability, fire and extended coverage. We also generally will obtain insurance directly on any property we acquire. However, there are certain types of losses, generally of a catastrophic nature, such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes that may be uninsurable or not economically insurable. We may not obtain, or require borrowers to obtain, certain types of insurance if it is deemed commercially unreasonable. Inflation, changes in building codes and ordinances, environmental considerations and other factors also might make it infeasible to use insurance proceeds to replace a property if it is damaged or destroyed. Further, it is possible that our borrowers could breach their obligations to us and not maintain sufficient insurance coverage. Should an uninsured loss or a loss in excess of the limits of our insurance occur, we could lose our capital investment or anticipated profits and cash flow from one or more real estate properties, which in turn could cause the value of the Class P shares and distributions to our stockholders to be reduced.

We may obtain only limited warranties when we purchase a property, which will increase the risk that we may lose some or all of our invested capital in the property or rental income from the property which, in turn, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results from operations and our ability to make distributions to you.

The seller of a property often sells such property in an “as is” condition on a “where is” basis and “with all faults,” without any warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. In addition, the related real estate purchase and sale agreements may contain only limited warranties, representations and indemnifications that will only survive for a limited period after the closing. Despite our efforts, we, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor may fail to uncover all material risks during our diligence process. The purchase of properties with limited warranties increases the risk that we may lose some or all of our invested capital in the property, as well as the loss of rental income from that property if an issue should arise that decreases the value of that property and is not covered by the limited warranties. If any of these results occur, it may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations and our ability to make distributions to you.

We depend on borrowers and tenants for a substantial portion of our revenue and, accordingly, our revenue and our ability to make distributions to you will be dependent upon the success and economic viability of such borrowers and tenants.

The success of our origination or acquisition of investments significantly depends on the financial stability of the borrowers and tenants underlying such investments. The inability of a single major borrower or tenant, or a number of smaller borrowers or tenants, to meet their payment obligations could result in reduced revenue or losses.

If we overestimate the value or income-producing ability or incorrectly price the risks of our investments, we may experience losses.

Analysis of the value or income-producing ability of a commercial property is highly subjective and may be subject to error. We value our potential investments based on yields and risks, taking into account estimated future losses on the CRE loans and the properties included in the securitization’s pools or select CRE equity investments and the estimated impact of these losses on expected future cash flow and returns. In the event that we underestimate the risks relative to the price we pay for a particular investment, we may experience losses with respect to such investment.

 

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Lease defaults, terminations or landlord-tenant disputes may reduce our income from our single-tenant net leased investments.

The creditworthiness of tenants in our real estate investments could become negatively impacted as a result of challenging economic conditions or otherwise, which could result in their inability to meet the terms of their leases. Lease defaults or terminations by one or more tenants may reduce our revenues unless a default is cured or a suitable replacement tenant is found promptly. In addition, disputes may arise between the landlord and tenant that result in the tenant withholding rent payments, possibly for an extended period. These disputes may lead to litigation or other legal procedures to secure payment of the rent withheld or to evict the tenant. Upon a lease default, we may have limited remedies, be unable to accelerate lease payments and have limited or no recourse against a guarantor. Tenants as well as guarantors may have limited or no ability to satisfy any judgments we may obtain. We may also have duties to mitigate our losses and we may not be successful in that regard. Any of these situations may result in extended periods during which there is a significant decline in revenues or no revenues generated by a property. If this occurred, it could adversely affect our results of operations.

We may have difficulty selling or re-leasing our single-tenant net leased properties, and this lack of liquidity may limit our ability to quickly change our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions.

Real estate investments generally have less liquidity compared to other financial assets, and this lack of liquidity may limit our ability to quickly change our portfolio in response to changes in economic or other conditions. The leases we may enter into or acquire may be for properties that are specially suited to the particular needs of our tenant. With these properties, if the current lease is terminated or not renewed, we may be required to renovate the property or to make rent concessions in order to lease the property to another tenant. In addition, if we are forced to sell the property, we may have difficulty selling it to a party other than the tenant due to the special purpose for which the property may have been designed. These and other limitations may affect our ability to sell properties without adversely affecting returns to our stockholders.

Our ability to fully control the management of our single-tenant, net leased properties may be limited.

The tenants or managers of single-tenant, net leased properties are responsible for maintenance and other day-to-day management of the properties. If a property is not adequately maintained in accordance with the terms of the applicable lease, we may incur expenses for deferred maintenance or other liabilities once the property becomes free of the lease. While our leases will generally provide for recourse against the tenant in these instances, a bankrupt or financially-troubled tenant may be more likely to defer maintenance and it may be more difficult to enforce remedies against such a tenant. In addition, to the extent tenants are unable to successfully conduct their operations, their ability to pay rent may be adversely affected. Although we endeavor to monitor, on an ongoing basis, compliance by tenants with their lease obligations and other factors that could affect the financial performance of our properties, such monitoring may not always ascertain or forestall deterioration either in the condition of a property or the financial circumstances of a tenant.

Environmental compliance costs and liabilities associated with our properties or our real estate-related investments may materially impair the value of our investments and expose us to liability.

Under various federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner of real property, such as us and our tenants, may be liable in certain circumstances for the costs of investigation, removal or remediation of, or related releases of, certain hazardous or toxic substances, including materials containing asbestos, at, under or disposed of in connection with such property, as well as certain other potential costs relating to hazardous or toxic substances, including government fines and damages for injuries to persons and adjacent property. In addition, some environmental laws create a lien on the contaminated site in favor of the government for damages and the costs it incurs in connection with the contamination. These laws often impose liability without regard to whether the owner knew of, or was responsible for, the presence or disposal of such substances and liability may be imposed on the owner in connection with the activities of a tenant at the property. The presence of contamination or the failure to remediate contamination may adversely affect our or our tenants’ ability to sell or lease real estate, or to borrow using the real estate as collateral, which, in turn, could reduce our revenues. We, or our tenants, as owner of a site, including if we take ownership through foreclosure, may be liable under common law or otherwise to third parties for damages and injuries resulting from environmental contamination emanating from the site. The cost of any required investigation, remediation, removal, fines or

 

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personal or property damages and our or our tenants’ liability could significantly exceed the value of the property without any limits. The scope of the indemnification our tenants have agreed to provide us may be limited. For instance, some of our agreements with our tenants may not require them to indemnify us for environmental liabilities arising before the tenant took possession of the premises. Further, we cannot assure stockholders that any such tenant would be able to fulfill its indemnification obligations. If we were deemed liable for any such environmental liabilities and were unable to seek recovery against our tenant, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Furthermore, we may invest in real estate, or mortgage loans secured by real estate, with environmental problems that materially impair the value of the real estate. Even as a lender, if we take title to collateral with environmental problems or if other circumstances arise, we could be subject to environmental liability. There are substantial risks associated with such an investment.

We may originate or acquire properties located outside of the United States or loans that are made to borrowers or secured by properties located outside of the United States.

Any international investments we make may be affected by factors peculiar to the laws of the jurisdiction in which the borrower or the property is located and these laws may expose us to risks that are different from or in addition to those commonly found in the United States. We may not be as familiar with the potential risks to our investments outside of the United States and we may incur losses as a result.

Any international investments we make could be subject to the following risks:

 

    governmental laws, rules and policies, including laws relating to the foreign ownership of real property or mortgages and laws relating to the ability of foreign persons or corporations to remove profits earned from activities within the country to the person’s or corporation’s country of origin;

 

    translation and transaction risks relating to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;

 

    adverse market conditions caused by inflation or other changes in national or local political and economic conditions;

 

    challenges of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws, including corporate governance, operations, taxes and litigation;

 

    changes in relative interest rates;

 

    changes in the availability, cost and terms of borrowings resulting from varying national economic policies;

 

    changes in real estate and other tax rates, the tax treatment of transaction structures and other changes in operating expenses in a particular country where we have an investment;

 

    our REIT tax status not being respected under foreign laws, in which case any income or gains from foreign sources would likely be subject to foreign taxes, withholding taxes, transfer taxes and value added taxes;

 

    lack of uniform accounting standards (including availability of information in accordance with GAAP);

 

    changes in land use and zoning laws;

 

    more stringent environmental laws or changes in such laws;

 

    changes in the social stability or other political, economic or diplomatic developments in or affecting a country where we have an investment;

 

    changes in applicable laws and regulations in the United States that affect foreign operations; and

 

    legal and logistical barriers to enforcing our contractual rights in other countries, including insolvency regimes, landlord/tenant rights and ability to take possession of the collateral.

 

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Certain of these risks may be greater in emerging markets and less developed countries. Each of these risks might adversely affect our performance and impair our ability to make distributions to stockholders required to maintain our REIT qualification. In addition, there is less publicly available information about foreign companies and a lack of uniform financial accounting standards and practices (including the availability of information in accordance with GAAP) which could impair our ability to analyze transactions and receive timely and accurate financial information from tenants or borrowers necessary to meet our reporting obligations to financial institutions or governmental or regulatory agencies.

We invest in CRE securities, including CMBS and other subordinate securities, which entail certain heightened risks.

We invest in a variety of CRE securities, including CMBS and other subordinate securities, which may be subject to the first risk of loss if any losses are realized on the underlying mortgage loans. CMBS entitle the holders thereof to receive payments that depend primarily on the cash flow from a specified pool of commercial or multifamily mortgage loans. Consequently, CMBS and other CRE securities will be adversely affected by payment defaults, delinquencies and losses on the underlying mortgage loans, which increase during times of economic stress and uncertainty. Furthermore, if the rental and leasing markets deteriorate, including by decreasing occupancy rates and decreasing market rental rates, it could reduce cash flow from the mortgage loan pools underlying our CMBS investments. The market for CRE securities is dependent upon liquidity for refinancing and may be negatively impacted by a slowdown in new issuance.

Additionally, CRE securities such as CMBS and CDO notes may be subject to particular risks, including lack of standardized terms and payment of all or substantially all of the principal only at maturity rather than regular amortization of principal. The value of CRE securities may change due to shifts in the market’s perception of issuers and regulatory or tax changes adversely affecting the CRE debt market as a whole. Additional risks may be presented by the type and use of a particular commercial property, as well as the general risks relating to the net operating income from and value of any commercial property. The exercise of remedies and successful realization of liquidation proceeds relating to CRE securities may be highly dependent upon the performance of the servicer or special servicer. Expenses of enforcing the underlying mortgage loan (including litigation expenses) and expenses of protecting the properties securing the loan may be substantial. Consequently, in the event of a default or loss on one or more loans contained in a securitization, we may not recover a portion or all of our investment. Ratings for CRE securities can also adversely affect their value.

We intend to invest in CDO notes, which involve significant risks.

We intend to invest in CDO notes which are multiple class securities secured by pools of assets, such as CMBS, mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans and REIT debt. Like typical securitization structures, in a CDO, the assets are pledged to a trustee for the benefit of the holders of the CDO bonds. Like CMBS, CDO notes are affected by payments, defaults, delinquencies and losses on the underlying loans or securities. CDOs often have reinvestment periods that typically last for five years during which time proceeds from the sale of a collateral asset may be invested in substitute collateral. Upon termination of the reinvestment period, the static pool functions very similarly to a CMBS where repayment of principal allows for redemption of bonds sequentially. To the extent that we invest in the equity interest of a CDO, we will be entitled to all of the income generated by the CDO after the CDO pays all of the interest due on the senior securities and its expenses. However, there may be little or no income or principal available to the holders of CDO equity interests if defaults or losses on the underlying collateral exceed a certain amount. In that event, the value of our investment in any equity interest of a CDO could decrease substantially. In addition, the equity interests of CDOs are illiquid and often must be held by a REIT, and because they represent a leveraged investment in the CDO’s assets, the value of the equity interests will generally have greater fluctuations than the value of the underlying collateral. Moreover, CDO notes generally do not qualify as real estate assets for purposes of the gross asset and income requirements that apply to REITs, which could adversely affect our ability to qualify for tax treatment as a REIT.

 

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The terms of our debt investments will be based on our projections of market demand, as well as on market factors, and our return on our investment may be lower than expected if any of our projections are inaccurate.

The terms of our debt investments will be based on our projections of market demand, occupancy levels, rental income, the costs of any development, redevelopment or renovation of a property, borrower expertise and other factors. In addition, as the real estate market continues to strengthen with the improvement of the U.S. economy, we will face increased competition, which may make loan origination terms less favorable to us. If any of our projections are inaccurate or we ascribe a higher value to assets and their value subsequently drops or fails to rise because of market factors, returns on our investment may be lower than expected and could experience losses.

Risks Related to Our Financing Strategy

We may not be able to access financing sources on attractive terms, if at all, which could adversely affect our ability to execute our investment strategy.

We require outside capital to fund and grow our business. Our business may be adversely affected by disruptions in the debt and equity capital markets and institutional lending market, including the lack of access to capital or prohibitively high costs of obtaining or replacing capital. Access to the capital markets and other sources of liquidity were severely disrupted during the recession that began in 2008. While there have been improvements from that recession, increasing concerns over diminished economic growth, inflation and worldwide economic conditions have recently resulted in a disruption in the markets. If economic conditions worsen, we could suffer another severe downturn and another liquidity crisis could emerge. We cannot assure stockholders that financing will be available on acceptable terms, if at all, or that we will be able to satisfy the conditions precedent required to use any credit facilities we obtain, which could reduce the number, or alter the type, of investments that we would make otherwise. This may reduce our income. To the extent that financing proves to be unavailable when needed, we may be compelled to modify our investment strategy to optimize the performance of our portfolio. If we cannot obtain sufficient debt and equity capital on acceptable terms, our ability to grow our business, operate and make distributions to stockholders could be severely impacted.

We use leverage to originate and acquire our investments, which may adversely affect our return on our investments and may reduce cash available for distribution.

We leverage our portfolio generally through the use of securitization financing transactions and credit facilities. The type and percentage of financing varies depending on our ability to obtain credit and the lender’s estimate of the stability of the portfolio’s cash flow. High leverage can, particularly during difficult economic times, increase our risk of loss and harm our liquidity. Moreover, we may have to incur more recourse borrowings, including recourse borrowings that are subject to mark-to-market risk, in order to obtain financing for our business.

We may not successfully align the maturities of our liabilities with the maturities on our assets, which could harm our operating results and financial condition.

We intend to focus our financing strategy on the use of “match-funded” structures. This means that we seek to align the maturities of our liabilities with the maturities on our assets in order to manage the risks of being forced to refinance our liabilities prior to the maturities of our assets. In addition, we plan to match interest rates on our assets with like-kind borrowings, so fixed-rate investments are financed with fixed-rate borrowings and floating-rate assets are financed with floating-rate borrowings, directly or indirectly through the use of interest rate swaps, caps and other financial instruments or through a combination of these strategies. We may fail to appropriately employ match-funded structures on favorable terms, or at all. We may also determine not to pursue a fully match-funded strategy with respect to a portion of our financings for a variety of reasons. If we fail to appropriately employ match-funded strategies or determine not to pursue such a strategy, our exposure to interest rate volatility and exposure to matching liabilities prior to the maturity of the corresponding asset may increase substantially which could harm our operating results, liquidity and financial condition.

Our performance can be negatively affected by fluctuations in interest rates and shifts in the yield curve may cause losses.

Our financial performance is influenced by changes in interest rates, in particular, as such changes may affect our CRE securities, floating-rate borrowings and CRE debt to the extent such debt does not float as a result of floors or otherwise. Changes in interest rates, including changes in expected interest rates or “yield curves,” affect our business in a number of ways. Changes in the general level of interest rates can affect our net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income earned on our interest-earning assets and the interest expense incurred in connection with our interest-bearing borrowings and hedges. Changes in the level of interest rates also can affect,

 

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among other things, our ability to acquire CRE securities, acquire or originate CRE debt at attractive prices and enter into hedging transactions. Also, if market interest rates increase, the interest rate on any variable rate borrowings will increase and will create higher debt service requirements, which would adversely affect our cash flow and could adversely impact our results of operations. Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political conditions and other factors beyond our control.

Interest rate changes may also impact our net book value as our CRE securities and hedge derivatives are recorded at fair value each quarter. Generally, as interest rates increase, the value of our fixed-rate securities decreases, which will decrease the book value of our equity.

Furthermore, shifts in the U.S. Treasury yield curve reflecting an increase in interest rates would also affect the yield required on our CRE securities and therefore their value. For instance, increasing interest rates would reduce the value of the fixed-rate assets we hold at the time because the higher yields required by increased interest rates result in lower market prices on existing fixed-rate assets in order to adjust the yield upward to meet the market and vice versa. This would have similar effects on our CRE securities portfolio and our financial position and operations as a change in interest rates generally.

Hedging against interest rate and currency exposure may adversely affect our earnings, limit our gains or result in losses, which could adversely affect cash available for distribution to you.

From time to time, we may use derivative financial instruments to hedge exposures to changes in interest rates and currency exchange rates. Derivative instruments may include interest rate swap contracts, interest rate cap or floor contracts, futures or forward contracts, options or repurchase agreements. Our actual hedging decisions will be determined in light of the facts and circumstances existing at the time of the hedge and may differ from our currently anticipated hedging strategy. There is no assurance that our hedging strategy will achieve our objectives, and we may be subject to costs, such as transaction fees or breakage costs, if we terminate these arrangements. Any hedging activity we engage in may adversely affect our earnings, which could adversely affect cash available for distribution to you.

Hedging instruments often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities and involve risks and costs.

The cost of using hedging instruments increases as the period covered by the instrument lengthens and during periods of rising and volatile interest rates. We may increase our hedging activity and thus increase our hedging costs during periods when interest rates are volatile or rising and hedging costs have increased. In addition, hedging instruments involve risk since they often are not traded on regulated exchanges, guaranteed by an exchange or its clearing house, or regulated by any U.S. or foreign governmental authorities. Consequently, there are no regulatory or statutory requirements with respect to record keeping, financial responsibility or segregation of customer funds and positions. Furthermore, the enforceability of agreements underlying derivative transactions may depend on compliance with applicable statutory, commodity and other regulatory requirements and, depending on the identity of the counterparty, applicable international requirements. The business failure of a hedging counterparty with whom we enter into a hedging transaction will most likely result in a default. Default by a party with whom we enter into a hedging transaction may result in the loss of unrealized profits and force us to cover our resale commitments, if any, at the then current market price. It may not always be possible to dispose of or close out a hedging position without the consent of the hedging counterparty and we may not be able to enter into an offsetting contract in order to cover our risk. We cannot assure you that a liquid secondary market will exist for hedging instruments purchased or sold, and we may be required to maintain a position until exercise or expiration, which could result in losses.

We use short-term borrowings to finance our investments and we may need to use such borrowings for extended periods of time to the extent we are unable to access long-term financing. This may expose us to increased risks associated with decreases in the fair value of the underlying collateral, which could have an adverse impact on our results of operations.

While we expect to seek nonrecourse, non-mark-to-market, long-term financing through securitization financing transactions or other structures, such financing may be unavailable to us on favorable terms or at all. Consequently, we may be dependent on short-term financing arrangements that are not matched in duration to our

 

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financial assets. Short-term borrowing through repurchase arrangements, credit facilities and other types of borrowings may put our assets and financial condition at risk. Furthermore, the cost of borrowings may increase substantially if lenders view us as having increased credit risk during periods of market distress. Any such short-term financing may also be recourse to us, which will increase the risk of our investments.

In addition, the value of assets underlying any such short-term financing may be marked-to-market periodically by the lender, including on a daily basis. To the extent these financing arrangements contain mark-to-market provisions, if the market value of the investments pledged by us declines due to credit quality deterioration, we may be required by our lenders to provide additional collateral or pay down a portion of our borrowings. In a weakening economic environment, we would generally expect credit quality and the value of the investment that serves as collateral for our financing arrangements to decline, and in such a scenario, it is likely that the terms of our financing arrangements would require partial repayment from us, which could be substantial.

Lenders may require us to enter into restrictive covenants relating to our operations, which could limit our ability to make distributions to you.

When providing financing, a lender may impose restrictions on us that affect our distribution and operating policies and our ability to incur additional borrowings. Financing arrangements that we may enter into may contain covenants that limit our ability to further incur borrowings and restrict distributions to you or that prohibit us from discontinuing insurance coverage or replacing the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor. These or other limitations would decrease our operating flexibility and our ability to achieve our operating objectives, including making distributions to stockholders.

We have broad authority to use leverage and high levels of leverage could hinder our ability to make distributions and decrease the value of your investment.

Our charter does not limit us from utilizing financing until our borrowings exceed 300% of our net assets, which is generally expected to approximate 75% of the aggregate cost of our investments, before deducting loan loss reserves, other non-cash reserves and depreciation. Further, we can incur financings in excess of this limitation with the approval of a majority of our independent directors. High leverage levels would cause us to incur higher interest charges and higher debt service payments and the agreements governing our borrowings may also include restrictive covenants. These factors could limit the amount of cash we have available to distribute to stockholders and could result in a decline in the value of our stockholders’ investment.

Risks Related to Our Company

If the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio management systems are ineffective, we may be exposed to material unanticipated losses.

The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor will periodically refine their portfolio management techniques, strategies and assessment methods. However, the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio management techniques and strategies may not fully mitigate the risk exposure of our operations in all economic or market environments, or against all types of risk, including risks that we might fail to identify or anticipate. Any failures in the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio management techniques and strategies to accurately quantify such risk exposure could limit our ability to manage risks in our operations or to seek adequate risk adjusted returns and could result in losses.

We provide our stockholders with information using funds from operations (“FFO”) and MFFO, which are non-GAAP financial measures that may not be meaningful for comparing the performances of different REITs and that have certain other limitations.

We provide our stockholders with information using FFO and MFFO, which are non-GAAP measures, as additional measures of our operating performance. We compute FFO in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”). We compute MFFO in accordance with the definition established by the Investment Program Association (“IPA”) and adjust for certain items, such as accretion of a discount and amortization of a premium on borrowings and related deferred financing costs, as such adjustments are comparable to adjustments for debt investments and will be helpful in assessing our operating performance. We also adjust MFFO for deferred tax benefit or expense, as applicable, as such items are not indicative of our operating performance. However, our computation of FFO and MFFO may not be comparable to other REITs that do not calculate FFO or MFFO using these definitions without further adjustments.

 

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Neither FFO nor MFFO is equivalent to net income or cash generated from operating activities determined in accordance with GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to net income, as an indicator of our operating performance or as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity.

Our distribution policy is subject to change.

Our board of directors will determine an appropriate common stock distribution based upon numerous factors, including our targeted distribution rate, REIT qualification requirements, the amount of cash flow generated from operations, availability of existing cash balances, borrowing capacity under existing credit agreements, access to cash in the capital markets and other financing sources, our view of our ability to realize gains in the future through appreciation in the value of our assets, general economic conditions and economic conditions that more specifically impact our business or prospects. Future distribution levels are subject to adjustment based upon any one or more of the risk factors set forth herein, as well as other factors that our board of directors may, from time-to-time, deem relevant to consider when determining an appropriate common stock distribution.

We may not be able to make distributions in the future.

Our ability to generate income and to make distributions may be adversely affected by the risks described herein. All distributions are made at the discretion of our board of directors, subject to applicable law, and depend on our earnings, our financial condition, maintenance of our REIT qualification and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time-to-time. We may not be able to make distributions in the future.

Our ability to make distributions is limited by the requirements of Maryland law.

Our ability to make distributions on our common stock is limited by the laws of Maryland. Under applicable Maryland law, a Maryland corporation may not make a distribution if, after giving effect to the distribution, the corporation would not be able to pay its liabilities as the liabilities become due in the usual course of business, or generally if the corporation’s total assets would be less than the sum of its total liabilities plus, unless the corporation’s charter permits otherwise, the amount that would be needed if the corporation were dissolved at the time of the distribution, to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of the stockholders whose preferential rights are superior to those receiving the distribution. Accordingly, we may not make a distribution on our common stock if, after giving effect to the distribution, we would not be able to pay our liabilities as they become due in the usual course of business or generally if our total assets would be less than the sum of our total liabilities plus, unless our charter permits otherwise, the amount that would be needed to satisfy the preferential rights upon dissolution of the holders of shares of any class or series of preferred stock then outstanding, if any, with preferences senior to those of our common stock.

You have limited control over changes in our policies and operations, which increases the uncertainty and risks you face as a stockholder.

Our board of directors determines our major policies, including our policies regarding growth, REIT qualification and distributions. Our board of directors may amend or revise these and other policies without a vote of our stockholders. We may change our investment policies without stockholder notice or consent, which could result in investments that are different than, or in different proportion than, those described herein. Under the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”) and our charter, you have a right to vote only on limited matters. Our board of directors’ broad discretion in setting policies and stockholders’ inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks stockholders face. Under the MGCL and our charter, you have a right to vote only on:

 

    the election or removal of directors;

 

    amendment of our charter, except that our board of directors may amend our charter without stockholder approval to (i) increase or decrease the aggregate number of our shares of stock or the number of shares of stock of any class or series that we have the authority to issue; (ii) effect certain reverse stock splits; and (iii) change our name or the name or other designation or the par value of any class or series of our stock and the aggregate par value of our stock;

 

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    our liquidation or dissolution;

 

    certain reorganizations of our company, as provided in our charter;

 

    certain mergers, consolidations, conversions or sales or other dispositions of all or substantially all our assets, as provided in our charter; and

 

    statutory share exchanges.

Pursuant to Maryland law, all matters other than the election or removal of a director must be declared advisable by our board of directors prior to a stockholder vote. Our board of directors’ broad discretion in setting policies and your inability to exert control over those policies increases the uncertainty and risks you face.

Our UPREIT structure may result in potential conflicts of interest with limited partners in our operating partnership whose interests may not be aligned with those of our stockholders.

Our directors and officers have duties to our corporation and our stockholders under Maryland law and our charter in connection with their management of the corporation. At the same time, we, as general partner, will have fiduciary duties under Delaware law to our operating partnership and to the limited partners in connection with the management of our operating partnership. Our duties as general partner of our operating partnership and its partners may come into conflict with the duties of our directors and officers to our corporation and our stockholders. Under Delaware law, a general partner of a Delaware limited partnership owes its limited partners the duties of good faith and fair dealing. Other duties, including fiduciary duties, may be modified or eliminated in the partnership’s partnership agreement. The partnership agreement of our operating partnership provides that, for so long as we own a controlling interest in our operating partnership, any conflict that cannot be resolved in a manner not adverse to either our stockholders or the limited partners will be resolved in favor of our stockholders.

Additionally, the partnership agreement expressly limits our liability by providing that we will not be liable or accountable to our operating partnership for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived if we acted in good faith. In addition, our operating partnership is required to indemnify us and our officers, directors, employees, agents and designees to the extent permitted by applicable law from and against any and all claims arising from operations of our operating partnership, unless it is established that: (1) the act or omission was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and either was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty; (2) the indemnified party received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or (3) in the case of a criminal proceeding, the indemnified person had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful.

The provisions of Delaware law that allow the fiduciary duties of a general partner to be modified by a partnership agreement have not been tested in a court of law, and we have not obtained an opinion of counsel covering the provisions set forth in the partnership agreement that purport to waive or restrict our fiduciary duties.

Our charter permits our board of directors to issue stock with terms that may subordinate the rights of our common stockholders or discourage a third party from acquiring us in a manner that could result in a premium price to you.

Our board of directors may classify or reclassify any unissued common stock or preferred stock into other classes or series of stock and establish the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, and limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption of any such stock. Thus, our board of directors could authorize the issuance of preferred stock with priority as to distributions and amounts payable upon liquidation over the rights of the holders of our common stock. Such preferred stock could also have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of us, including an extraordinary transaction (such as a merger, tender offer or sale of all or substantially all of our assets) that might provide a premium price to holders of our common stock. Our board of directors may determine to issue different classes of stock that have different fees and commissions from those being paid with respect to the shares being sold in the Offering. Additionally, our board of directors may amend our charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of authorized shares of stock or the number of authorized shares of any class or series of stock without stockholder approval.

 

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Because the Dealer Manager is affiliated with the Advisor, you will not have the benefit of an independent due diligence review of us by the Dealer Manager, which is customarily performed in underwritten offerings.

The Dealer Manager is affiliated with the Advisor. As a result, its due diligence review and investigation of us for the Offering cannot be considered to be an independent review and therefore may not be as meaningful as a review normally conducted by an unaffiliated, independent underwriter in a public securities offering. Accordingly, you will have to rely on your own broker-dealer to make an independent review of the terms of the Offering. If your broker-dealer does not conduct such a review, you will not have the benefit of an independent review of the terms of the Offering.

Payment of fees to the Advisor and its affiliates reduces cash available for investment and distribution and increases the risk that you will not be able to recover the amount of your investment in our shares.

The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates perform services for us in connection with the selection, acquisition, origination, management and administration of our investments. We pay the Advisor substantial fees for these services, which results in immediate dilution to the value of your investment and reduces the value of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders. We may increase the compensation we pay to the Advisor subject to approval by our board of directors and other limitations in our charter, which would further dilute your investment and the amount of cash available for investment or distribution to stockholders.

Fees payable to the Advisor and its affiliates increase the risk that the amount available for distribution to our stockholders upon a liquidation of our portfolio would be less than the purchase price of the shares in the Offering. These substantial fees and other payments also increase the risk that you will not be able to resell your shares at a profit, even if our shares are listed on a national securities exchange.

If we raise substantial offering proceeds in a short period of time, we may not be able to invest all of our offering proceeds promptly, which may cause our distributions and your investment returns to be lower than they otherwise would be.

The more shares we sell in the Offering, the greater our challenge is to invest all of our net offering proceeds. If we raise substantial offering proceeds in a short period of time, there may be delays in investing our net proceeds promptly and on attractive terms. Pending investment, the net proceeds of the Offering may be invested in permitted temporary investments, which include short-term U.S. government securities, bank certificates of deposit and other short-term liquid investments. The rate of return on these investments, which affects the amount of cash available to make distributions to you, has fluctuated in recent years and most likely will be less than the return obtainable from the type of investments we seek to originate or acquire. Therefore, delays we encounter in the selection, due diligence and origination or acquisition of investments would likely limit our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders and lower our overall returns.

If we are unable to raise substantial funds, we will be limited in the number and type of investments we make and the value of your investment in us will fluctuate with the performance of the specific assets we acquire.

The Offering is being made on a “best efforts” basis, meaning that the Dealer Manager and participating dealers are only required to use their best efforts to sell our shares and have no firm commitment or obligation to purchase any shares of our common stock in the Offering. As a result, the amount of proceeds we raise in the Offering may be substantially less than the amount we would need to create a diversified portfolio of investments. If we are unable to raise the maximum offering amount, we will make fewer investments resulting in less diversification in terms of the type, number and size of investments that we make. Moreover, the potential impact of any single asset’s performance on the overall performance of our portfolio increases. Further, we expect to have certain fixed operating expenses, including certain expenses as a public reporting company, regardless of whether we are able to raise substantial funds in the Offering. Our inability to raise substantial funds would increase our fixed operating expenses as a percentage of gross income, reducing our net income and limiting our ability to make distributions to you.

 

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Our rights and the rights of our stockholders to recover claims against our independent directors are limited, which could reduce your and our recovery against them if they negligently cause us to incur losses.

Maryland law provides that a director has no liability in that capacity if he or she performs his or her duties in good faith, in a manner he or she reasonably believes to be in our best interests and with the care that an ordinarily prudent person in a like position would use under similar circumstances. Our charter generally provides that: (i) no director shall be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages (provided that such director satisfies certain applicable criteria); (ii) we will generally indemnify non-independent directors for losses unless they are negligent or engage in misconduct; and (iii) we will generally indemnify independent directors for losses unless they are grossly negligent or engage in willful misconduct. As a result, our stockholders and we may have more limited rights against our directors than might otherwise exist under common law, which could reduce your and our recovery from these persons if they act in a negligent manner. In addition, we may be obligated to fund the defense costs incurred by our independent directors (as well as by our other directors, officers, employees (if we ever have employees) and agents) in some cases, which would decrease the cash otherwise available for distribution to you.

Risks Related to Conflicts of Interest

The Sub-Advisor may face a conflict of interest with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities and competition for tenants between us and other real estate programs affiliated with Sound Point.

The Sub-Advisor’s officers and key real estate professionals will identify potential investments which are consistent with our investment guidelines for our possible origination and acquisition. The Sub-Advisor or its affiliates will advise other investment programs affiliated with Sound Point that invest in real estate-related assets in which we may be interested and, therefore, the Sub-Advisor could face conflicts of interest in determining which programs will have the opportunity to acquire and participate in such investments as they become available. As a result, other investment programs advised by the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates may compete with us with respect to certain investments that we may want to acquire.

Following the NAV Pricing Date, the Advisor will face a conflict of interest because the advisory fee will be based on the value of our investment portfolio as determined in connection with our determination of NAV, which is calculated under the supervision of the Advisor.

The Advisor is paid an advisory fee for its services which, following the NAV Pricing Date, will be based on the value of our investment portfolio as determined in connection with our determination of NAV, which will be calculated under the supervision of the Advisor in accordance with our valuation guidelines. The calculation of our NAV includes certain subjective judgments with respect to estimating, for example, our accrued expenses, net portfolio income and liabilities, and therefore, our NAV may not correspond to realizable value upon a sale of those assets. The Advisor may benefit by us retaining ownership of our assets at times when our stockholders may be better served by the sale or disposition of our assets in order to avoid a reduction in our NAV. If our NAV is calculated in a way that is not reflective of our actual NAV, then the then-current Transaction Price of shares of our common stock on a given date may not accurately reflect the value of our portfolio, and your shares may be worth less than the then-current Transaction Price.

Our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals acting on behalf of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor face conflicts of interest related to their positions or interests in affiliates of IREIC and Sound Point, which could hinder our ability to implement our business strategy and to generate returns to our stockholders.

Our executive officers, our affiliated directors and the key real estate professionals acting on behalf of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are also executive officers, directors, managers or key professionals of IREIC or Sound Point. Some of these persons also serve as managers and investment advisers to other funds and institutional investors. As a result, they owe fiduciary duties to each of these entities and their investors, which fiduciary duties may from time to time conflict with the fiduciary duties that they owe to us and our stockholders, and could face conflicts of interest in allocating their time among us and such other funds, investors and activities. Their loyalties to these other entities and investors could result in action or inaction that is detrimental to our business, which could harm the implementation of our investment strategy, and could cause these individuals to allocate less of their time to us than we may require, which may adversely impact our operations.

 

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Risks Related to Regulatory Matters

We are subject to substantial regulation, numerous contractual obligations and extensive internal policies and failure to comply with these matters could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We and our subsidiaries are subject to substantial regulation, numerous contractual obligations and extensive internal policies. Given our organizational structure, we are subject to regulation by the SEC, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), and other federal, state and local governmental bodies and agencies and state blue sky laws. These regulations are extensive, complex and require substantial management time and attention. If we fail to comply with any of the regulations that apply to our business, we could be subjected to extensive investigations as well as substantial penalties and our business and operations could be materially adversely affected. Our lack of compliance with applicable law could result in among other penalties, our ineligibility to contract with and receive revenue from the federal government or other governmental authorities and agencies. We also expect to have numerous contractual obligations that we must adhere to on a continuous basis to operate our business, the default of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition. Our internal policies may not be effective in all regards and, further, if we fail to comply with our internal policies, we could be subjected to additional risk and liability.

Your investment return may be reduced if we are required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.

We intend to conduct our operations so that neither we, nor our operating partnership nor the subsidiaries of our operating partnership are investment companies under the Investment Company Act. Section 3(a)(1)(A) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is or holds itself out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Section 3(a)(1)(C) of the Investment Company Act defines an investment company as any issuer that is engaged or proposes to engage in the business of investing, reinvesting, owning, holding or trading in securities and owns or proposes to acquire investment securities having a value exceeding 40% of the value of the issuer’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. Excluded from the term “investment securities,” among other things, are U.S. government securities and securities issued by majority-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exception from the definition of investment company set forth in Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.

With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(A), neither we nor our operating partnership intends to engage primarily or hold ourselves out as being engaged primarily in the business of investing, reinvesting or trading in securities. Rather, we and our operating partnership will be primarily engaged in the non-investment company businesses of our operating partnership’s wholly-owned or majority-owned subsidiaries, each of which will rely on an exception from registration under the Investment Company Act. With respect to Section 3(a)(1)(C), we expect that most of the entities through which we and our operating partnership own assets will be wholly-owned subsidiaries that are not themselves investment companies and are not relying on the exceptions from the definition of investment company under Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act and, thus, neither we nor our operating partnership expect to own a significant amount of investment securities.

Through the subsidiaries of our operating partnership, we plan to originate, acquire, invest in and manage instruments that could be deemed to be securities for purposes of the Investment Company Act, including, but not limited to, first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans, as well as CMBS, senior unsecured debt of publicly traded REITs and CDO notes. Accordingly, it is possible that more than 40% of the total assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries will be deemed to be investment securities for Investment Company Act purposes. However, in reliance on Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act, we do not intend to register any of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. Entities that meet the standards set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C) are excepted from the definition of an investment company. Section 3(c)(5)(C) is available for entities “primarily engaged in the business of purchasing or otherwise acquiring mortgages and other liens on and interests in real estate.” This exception

 

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generally requires that at least 55% of each such subsidiary’s portfolio must be comprised of qualifying assets and at least another 25% of each of their portfolios must be comprised of real estate-related assets under the Investment Company Act (and no more than 20% comprised of non-qualifying or non-real estate-related assets). Qualifying assets for this purpose include mortgage loans and other assets, such as certain subordinated mezzanine loans and participations and other interests in real estate, as interpreted by the SEC staff in various no-action letters. As a result of the foregoing restrictions, we will be limited in our ability to make certain investments.

Existing SEC no-action positions were issued in accordance with factual situations that may be substantially different from the factual situations we may face, and a number of these no-action positions were issued more than 10 years ago. Certain mortgage loans and participations in mortgage loans may not constitute qualifying real estate investments for purposes of Section 3(c)(5)(C) of the Investment Company Act. No assurance can be given that the SEC will concur with our classification of the assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries. Future revisions to the Investment Company Act or further guidance from the SEC staff may cause us to lose our ability to rely on Section 3(c)(5)(C) or force us to re-evaluate our portfolio and our investment strategy. Such changes may prevent us from operating our business successfully.

We expect that substantially all of the assets of our operating partnership’s subsidiaries will meet the standard set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C). However, because the acquisition of our initial investments through our operating partnership are CMBS that may not meet the standard set forth in Section 3(c)(5)(C), we and our operating partnership may not currently satisfy the requirements of Section 3(a)(1)(C) because our operating partnership’s subsidiaries may initially be required to rely on Section 3(c)(1) or Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act. As a result, we, our operating partnership and our operating partnership’s subsidiaries currently rely on Rule 3a-2 under the Investment Company Act, which provides a safe harbor exemption, not to exceed one year, for companies that have a bona fide intent to be engaged in an excepted activity but that temporarily fail to meet the requirements for another exemption from registration as an investment company. Following the safe harbor period permitted by Rule 3a-2, the securities issued to our operating partnership by any wholly-owned subsidiaries or majority-owned subsidiaries that we may form in the future that are excluded from the definition of investment company based on Section 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7), together with any other investment securities our operating partnership may own, may not have a value in excess of 40% of the value of our operating partnership’s total assets (exclusive of U.S. government securities and cash items) on an unconsolidated basis. We will monitor our holdings to ensure continuing and ongoing compliance with this test.

To ensure that we are not required, as such requirements have been interpreted by the SEC staff, to register as an investment company, we may be unable to dispose of assets that we would otherwise want to sell and may need to sell assets that we would otherwise wish to retain. In addition, we may be required to acquire additional income- or loss-generating assets that we might not otherwise acquire or forego opportunities to acquire interests that we would otherwise want to acquire.

We believe that we, our operating partnership and the subsidiaries of our operating partnership will not be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. However, if we were obligated to register as an investment company, we would have to comply with a variety of substantive requirements under the Investment Company Act that impose, among other things:

 

    limitations on capital structure;

 

    restrictions on specified investments;

 

    restrictions or prohibitions on retaining earnings;

 

    restrictions on leverage or senior securities;

 

    restrictions on unsecured borrowings;

 

    requirements that our income be derived from certain types of assets;

 

    prohibitions on transactions with affiliates; and

 

    compliance with reporting, record keeping, voting, proxy disclosure and other rules and regulations that would significantly increase our operating expenses.

 

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If we were required to register as an investment company but failed to do so, we would be prohibited from engaging in our business, and criminal and civil actions could be brought against us. In addition, our contracts would be unenforceable unless a court required enforcement, and a court could appoint a receiver to take control of us and liquidate our business.

Registration with the SEC as an investment company would be costly, would subject our company to a host of complex regulations, and would divert the attention of management from the conduct of our business. In addition, the purchase of real estate that does not fit our investment guidelines and the purchase or sale of investment securities or other assets to preserve our status as a company not required to register as an investment company could materially adversely affect our NAV, the amount of funds available for investment and our ability to pay distributions to our stockholders.

Federal Income Tax Risks

Failure to qualify as a REIT would have significant adverse consequences to us.

We expect to elect to be taxed as a REIT commencing with our taxable year ending December 31, 2017. Our qualification as a REIT will depend upon our ability to meet, on an ongoing basis, requirements regarding our organization and ownership, distributions of our income, the nature and diversification of our income and assets and other tests imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. If the IRS determines that we do not qualify as a REIT or if we qualify as a REIT and subsequently lose our REIT qualification, we will be subject to serious tax consequences that would cause a significant reduction in our cash available for distribution for each of the years involved because:

 

    we would be subject to federal corporate income taxation on our taxable income, potentially including alternative minimum tax, and could be subject to higher state and local taxes;

 

    we would not be permitted to take a deduction for dividends paid to stockholders in computing our taxable income; and

 

    we could not elect to be taxed as a REIT for four taxable years following the year during which we failed to qualify (unless we are entitled to relief under applicable statutory provisions).

The increased taxes would cause a reduction in our NAV and cash available for distribution to stockholders. In addition, if we do not maintain our REIT status, we will not be required to make distributions to stockholders. As a result of all these factors, our failure to maintain our REIT status also could hinder our ability to raise capital and grow our business.

To qualify as a REIT, we may have to borrow funds on a short-term basis during unfavorable market conditions.

To qualify as a REIT, we generally must distribute annually to our stockholders a minimum of 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. We will be subject to regular corporate income taxes on any undistributed REIT taxable income each year. Additionally, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax on any amount by which distributions paid by us in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from previous years. Payments we make to our stockholders under our repurchase program will not be taken into account for purposes of these distribution requirements. If we do not have sufficient cash to make distributions necessary to preserve our REIT status for any year or to avoid taxation, we may be forced to borrow funds or sell assets even if the market conditions at that time are not favorable for these borrowings or sales.

Compliance with REIT requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive opportunities, which may hinder or delay our ability to meet our investment objectives and reduce your overall return.

To qualify as a REIT, we are required at all times to satisfy tests relating to, among other things, the sources of our income, the nature and diversification of our assets, the ownership of our stock and the amounts we distribute to our stockholders. Compliance with the REIT requirements may impair our ability to operate solely on the basis of maximizing profits. For example, we may be required to make distributions to stockholders at disadvantageous times or when we do not have funds readily available for distribution.

 

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Compliance with REIT requirements may force us to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

To qualify as a REIT, at the end of each calendar quarter, at least 75% of our assets must consist of cash, cash items, government securities and qualified real estate assets. The remainder of our investments in securities (other than qualified real estate assets and government securities) generally cannot include more than 10% of the voting securities of any one issuer or more than 10% of the value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer. Additionally, no more than 5% of the value of our assets (other than government securities and qualified real estate assets) can consist of the securities of any one issuer, and no more than 25% (20% after 2017) of the value of our assets may be represented by securities of one or more taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”). Finally, no more than 20% of our assets may consist of “nonqualified publicly offered REIT debt investments.” In order to satisfy these requirements, we may be forced to liquidate otherwise attractive investments.

Non-U.S. stockholders may be subject to FIRPTA tax upon their receipt of certain distributions from us or upon their disposition of shares of our common stock.

A non-U.S. stockholder that recognizes gain on a disposition of a “U.S. real property interest,” or USRPI (which may include shares of stock of a U.S. corporation whose assets consist principally of USRPIs), or that receives a distribution from a REIT attributable to gains from disposition by the REIT of a USRPI, is generally subject to federal income tax under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, as amended (“FIRPTA”), on such gains. However, gains from the disposition of stock in a REIT that is “domestically controlled” generally are not subject to federal income tax. A REIT is domestically controlled if less than 50% of its stock, by value, has been owned directly or indirectly by non-U.S. persons during a continuous five-year period ending on the date of disposition or, if shorter, during the entire period of the REIT’s existence. We cannot assure you that we will qualify as a domestically controlled REIT. If we were to fail to so qualify, amounts received by a non-U.S. stockholder on certain dispositions of shares of our common stock would be subject to FIRPTA tax, unless (i) our shares of common stock were regularly traded on an established securities market and (ii) the non-U.S. stockholder did not, at any time during a specified testing period, hold more than 5% of our common stock. Furthermore, certain distributions by us attributable to our dispositions of USRPIs would be subject to FIRPTA tax unless the conditions in clauses (i) and (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence are satisfied. Our shares are not listed on an exchange, and we have no current plans to list our shares.

The IRS may deem the gains from sales of our properties to be subject to a 100% prohibited transaction tax.

From time to time, we may be forced to sell assets to fund repurchase requests, to satisfy our REIT distribution requirements, to satisfy other REIT requirements or for other purposes. The IRS may deem one or more sales of our properties to be “prohibited transactions.” If the IRS takes the position that we have engaged in a “prohibited transaction” ( i.e. , we sell a property held by us primarily for sale in the ordinary course of our trade or business), the gain we recognize from such sale would be subject to a 100% tax unless we qualify for a safe harbor exception. The Internal Revenue Code sets forth a safe harbor for REITs that wish to sell property without risking the imposition of the 100% tax, but there is no assurance that we will be able to qualify for the safe harbor. We do not intend to hold property for sale in the ordinary course of business, but there is no assurance that our position will not be challenged by the IRS, especially if we make frequent sales or sales of property in which we have short holding periods.

We may be subject to tax liabilities that reduce our cash flow and our ability to make distributions to you even if we maintain our REIT status for federal income tax purposes.

We may be subject to federal, state and local taxes on our income or property even if we maintain our REIT status for federal income tax purposes, including, but not limited to, the following:

 

    In order to qualify as a REIT, we are required to distribute as dividends annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the dividends-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains, to our stockholders. If we satisfy the distribution requirement but distribute less than 100% of our REIT taxable income (including net capital gain), we will be subject to corporate income tax on the undistributed income.

 

    If we file income tax returns in states that do not respect the dividends-paid deduction, we will be subject to state income tax.

 

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    We will be required to pay a 4% nondeductible excise tax on the amount, if any, by which the distributions we make to our stockholders in any calendar year are less than the sum of 85% of our ordinary income, 95% of our capital gain net income and 100% of our undistributed income from previous years.

 

    If we have net income from the sale of foreclosure property that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business or other non-qualifying income from foreclosure property, we will be required to pay a tax on that income at the highest corporate income tax rate.

 

    Any gain we recognize on the sale of a property, other than foreclosure property, that we hold primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business, would be subject to the 100% “prohibited transaction” tax unless we qualify for a safe harbor exception.

Our board of directors is authorized to revoke our REIT election without stockholder approval, which may cause adverse consequences to our stockholders.

Our charter authorizes our board of directors to revoke or otherwise terminate our REIT election, without the approval of our stockholders, if it determines that it is not in our best interests to maintain our REIT status. In this event, we would become subject to U.S. federal income tax on our taxable income and we would no longer be required to distribute most of our net income to our stockholders, which may cause a reduction in the total return to our stockholders.

Generally, ordinary dividends payable by REITs do not qualify for reduced U.S. federal income tax rates.

The maximum U.S. federal income tax rate for “qualified dividends” payable by U.S. corporations to individual U.S. stockholders currently is 20%. However, ordinary dividends payable by REITs are generally not eligible for the reduced rates and generally are taxed at ordinary income rates (the maximum individual rate currently being 39.6%).

We may be subject to adverse legislative or regulatory tax changes.

At any time, the federal income tax laws or regulations governing REITs or the administrative interpretations of those laws or regulations may be amended. We cannot predict when or if any new federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, or any amendment to any existing federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation, will be adopted, promulgated or become effective and any such law, regulation or interpretation may take effect retroactively. We and our stockholders could be adversely affected by any such change in, or any new, federal income tax law, regulation or administrative interpretation.

If certain sale-leaseback transactions are not characterized by the IRS as “true leases,” we may be subject to adverse tax consequences.

We may purchase investments in properties and lease them back to the sellers of these properties. If the IRS does not characterize these leases as “true leases,” we could fail to maintain our REIT status.

Modification of the terms of our CRE debt investments and mortgage loans underlying our CMBS in conjunction with reductions in the value of the real property securing such loans could cause us to fail to continue to qualify as a REIT.

Our CRE debt and securities investments may be materially affected by a weak real estate market and economy in general. As a result, many of the terms of our CRE debt and the mortgage loans underlying our CRE securities may be modified to avoid taking title to a property. Under Treasury Regulations, if the terms of a loan are modified in a manner constituting a “significant modification,” such modification triggers a deemed exchange of the original loan for the modified loan. In general, if a loan is secured by real property and other property, the value of the personal property securing the loan exceeds 15% of the value of all property securing the loan and the highest principal amount of the loan outstanding during a taxable year exceeds the fair market value of the real property securing the loan determined as of the date we agreed to acquire the loan or the date we significantly modified the loan, a portion of the interest income from such loan will not be qualifying income for purposes of the 75% gross income test although it may nevertheless be qualifying income for purposes of the 95% gross income test. A portion

 

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of the loan may also be a non-qualifying asset for purposes of the 75% asset test. The non-qualifying portion of such a loan would be subject to, among other requirements, the requirement that a REIT not hold securities representing more than 10% of the total value of the outstanding securities of any one issuer (the “10% Value Test”).

IRS Revenue Procedure 2014-51 provides a safe harbor pursuant to which we will not be required to redetermine the fair market value of the real property securing a loan for purposes of the gross income and asset tests discussed above in connection with a loan modification that is: (i) occasioned by a borrower default; or (ii) made at a time when we reasonably believe that the modification to the loan will substantially reduce a significant risk of default on the original loan. No assurance can be provided that all of our loan modifications will qualify for the safe harbor in Revenue Procedure 2014-51. To the extent we significantly modify loans in a manner that does not qualify for that safe harbor, we will be required to redetermine the value of the real property securing the loan at the time it was significantly modified. In determining the value of the real property securing such a loan, we generally will not obtain third-party appraisals, but rather will rely on internal valuations. No assurance can be provided that the IRS will not successfully challenge our internal valuations. If the terms of our debt investments and mortgage loans underlying our CMBS are “significantly modified” in a manner that does not qualify for the safe harbor in Revenue Procedure 2014-51 and the fair market value of the real property securing such loans has decreased significantly, we could fail the 75% gross income test, the 75% asset test, the 5% asset test or the 10% Value Test. Unless we qualified for relief under certain Internal Revenue Code cure provisions, such failures could cause us to fail to continue to qualify as a REIT.

Our acquisition of debt or securities investments may cause us to recognize income for federal income tax purposes even though no cash payments have been received on the investments.

We may acquire debt or securities investments in the secondary market for less than their face amount. The amount of such discount will generally be treated as a “market discount” for federal income tax purposes. If these debt or securities investments provide for “payment-in-kind” interest, we may recognize “original issue discount,” or OID, for federal income tax purposes. Moreover, we may acquire distressed debt investments that are subsequently modified by agreement with the borrower. If the amendments to the outstanding debt constitute “significant modifications” under the applicable Treasury Regulations, the modified debt may be considered to have been reissued to us in a debt-for-debt exchange with the borrower. In that event, if the debt is considered to be “publicly traded” for federal income tax purposes, the modified debt in our hands may be considered to have been issued with OID to the extent the fair market value of the modified debt is less than the principal amount of the outstanding debt. In the event the debt is not considered to be “publicly traded” for federal income tax purposes, we may be required to recognize taxable income to the extent that the principal amount of the modified debt exceeds our cost of purchasing it. Also, certain loans that we originate and later modify and certain previously modified debt we acquire in the secondary market may be considered to have been issued with the OID at the time it was modified.

In general, we will be required to accrue OID on a debt instrument as taxable income in accordance with applicable federal income tax rules even though no cash payments may be received on such debt instrument on a current basis.

In the event a borrower with respect to a particular debt instrument encounters financial difficulty rendering it unable to pay stated interest as due, we may nonetheless be required to continue to recognize the unpaid interest as taxable income. Similarly, we may be required to accrue interest income with respect to subordinate mortgage-backed securities at the stated rate regardless of when their corresponding cash payments are received.

In order to meet the REIT distribution requirements, it might be necessary for us to arrange for short-term or possibly long-term borrowings, or to pay distributions in the form of our shares or other taxable in-kind distributions of property. We may need to borrow funds at times when the market conditions are unfavorable. Such borrowings could increase our costs and reduce the value of a stockholders’ investment. In the event in-kind distributions are made, a stockholder’s tax liabilities associated with an investment in our common stock for a given year may exceed the amount of cash we distribute to stockholders during such year.

 

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Complying with REIT requirements may limit our ability to hedge effectively.

The REIT provisions of the Internal Revenue Code may limit our ability to hedge our operations effectively. Our aggregate gross income from non-qualifying hedges, fees and certain other non-qualifying sources cannot exceed 5% of our annual gross income. As a result, we might have to limit our use of advantageous hedging techniques or implement those hedges through a TRS. Any hedging income earned by a TRS would be subject to federal, state and local income tax at regular corporate rates. This could increase the cost of our hedging activities or expose us to greater risks associated with interest rate or other changes than we would otherwise incur.

Liquidation of assets may jeopardize our REIT qualification.

To continue to qualify as a REIT, we must comply with requirements regarding our assets and our sources of income. If we are compelled to liquidate our investments to satisfy our obligations to our lenders, we may be unable to comply with these requirements, ultimately jeopardizing our qualification as a REIT, or we may be subject to a 100% prohibited transaction tax on any resulting gain if we sell assets that are treated as dealer property or inventory.

Our ownership of and relationship with any TRS that we may form or acquire is subject to limitations, and a failure to comply with the limits would jeopardize our REIT qualification and may result in the application of a 100% excise tax.

A REIT may own up to 100% of the stock of one or more TRSs. A TRS may earn income that would not be qualifying income if earned directly by the parent REIT. Both the subsidiary and the REIT must jointly elect to treat the subsidiary as a TRS. Overall, no more than 25% (20% after 2017) of the value of a REIT’s assets may consist of stock or securities of one or more TRSs at the end of any calendar quarter. A TRS will pay federal, state and local income tax at regular corporate rates on any income that it earns. In addition, the TRS rules impose a 100% excise tax on certain transactions between a TRS and its parent REIT that are not conducted on an arm’s-length basis. There can be no assurance that we will be able to comply with the TRS limitations or to avoid application of the 100% excise tax discussed above.

Our domestic TRSs would pay U.S. federal and any applicable state and local income tax on their taxable income, and their after-tax net income would be available for distribution to us but would not be required to be distributed to us. If we were to organize a TRS as a non-U.S. corporation (or non-U.S. entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes), we may generate income inclusions relating to the earnings of the non-U.S. TRS, the treatment of which under the REIT gross income tests is not clear.

Characterization of the repurchase agreements we enter into to finance our investments as sales for tax purposes rather than as secured borrowing transactions, or the failure of a mezzanine loan to qualify as a real estate asset, could adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT.

We may enter into repurchase agreements with a variety of counterparties to finance assets in which we invest. When we enter into a repurchase agreement, we generally sell assets to our counterparty to the agreement and receive cash from the counterparty. The counterparty is obligated to resell the assets back to us at the end of the term of the transaction. We believe that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, we will be treated as the owner of the assets that are the subject of repurchase agreements and that the repurchase agreements will be treated as secured borrowing transactions notwithstanding that such agreements may transfer record ownership of the assets to the counterparty during the term of the agreement. It is possible, however, that the IRS could successfully assert that we did not own these assets during the term of the repurchase agreements, in which case we could fail to qualify as a REIT.

In addition, we may acquire mezzanine loans, which are loans secured by equity interests in a partnership or limited liability company that directly or indirectly owns real property. In Revenue Procedure 2003-65, the IRS provided a safe harbor pursuant to which a mezzanine loan, if it meets each of the requirements contained in the Revenue Procedure, will be treated by the IRS as a real estate asset for purposes of the REIT asset tests, and interest derived from the mezzanine loan will be treated as qualifying mortgage interest for purposes of the 75% gross income test. Although the Revenue Procedure provides a safe harbor on which taxpayers may rely, it does not prescribe rules of substantive tax law. We may acquire or originate mezzanine loans that do not meet all of the requirements for reliance on this safe harbor. The IRS could challenge treatment of such loans as real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset and income tests, and if such a challenge were sustained, we could fail to qualify as a REIT.

 

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The “taxable mortgage pool” rules may limit our financing options.

Certain securitizations and other financing structures could result in the creation of taxable mortgage pools for federal income tax purposes. A taxable mortgage pool owned by our operating partnership would be treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and may cause us to fail the REIT asset tests. Accordingly, if we were to consider a securitization that would create a taxable mortgage pool, we would have to undertake such securitization through a TRS or a subsidiary that qualified as a REIT. These rules may limit our financing options.

The tax on prohibited transactions will limit our ability to engage in transactions, including certain methods of securitizing mortgage loans, which would be treated as sales for federal income tax purposes.

A REIT’s net income from prohibited transactions is subject to a 100% tax. In general, prohibited transactions are sales or other dispositions of property, other than foreclosure property, but including mortgage loans, held primarily for sale to customers in the ordinary course of business. We might be subject to this tax if we were to dispose of or securitize loans in a manner that was treated as a sale of the loans for federal income tax purposes. Therefore, in order to avoid the prohibited transactions tax, we may choose not to engage in certain sales of loans at the REIT level and may limit the structures we utilize for our securitization transactions, even though the sales or such structures might otherwise be beneficial to us.

Our qualification as a REIT could be jeopardized as a result of our interest in joint ventures or investment funds.

We may acquire interests in partnerships or limited liability companies that are joint ventures or investment funds. We may not have timely access to information from such partnerships and limited liability companies related to monitoring and managing our REIT qualification. If a partnership or limited liability company in which we own an interest but do not control takes or expects to take actions that could jeopardize our REIT qualification or require us to pay tax, we may be forced to dispose of our interest in such entity. It is possible that a partnership or limited liability company could take an action which could cause us to fail a REIT gross income or asset test and that we would not become aware of such action in time to dispose of our interest in the partnership or limited liability company or take other corrective action on a timely basis. In that case, we could fail to qualify as a REIT unless we are able to qualify for a statutory REIT “savings” provision, which may require us to pay a significant penalty tax to maintain our REIT qualification.

Stockholders may face adverse tax consequences if we generate excess inclusion income.

If we acquire real estate mortgage investment conduit (“REMIC”) residual interests or equity interests in taxable mortgage pools (in a manner consistent with our REIT qualification) and generate “excess inclusion income,” a portion of our dividends received by a tax-exempt stockholder will be treated as unrelated business taxable income, taxable U.S. stockholders may not apply losses against a portion of our dividends and the portion of dividends received by a non-U.S. stockholder that is attributable to excess inclusion income will be subject to a 30% withholding tax without regard to lower rates otherwise provided in an applicable income tax treaty.

Our qualification as a REIT may depend upon the accuracy of legal opinions or advice rendered or given or statements by the issuers of assets we acquire.

When purchasing securities, we may rely on opinions or advice of counsel for the issuer of such securities, or statements made in related offering documents, for purposes of determining, among other things, whether such securities represent debt or equity securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes, the value of such securities, and also to what extent those securities constitute qualified real estate assets for purposes of the REIT asset tests and produce qualified income for purposes of the 75% gross income test. The inaccuracy of any such opinions, advice or statements may adversely affect our ability to qualify as a REIT and result in significant corporate-level tax.

 

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Retirement Plan Risks

If the fiduciary of an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA fails to meet the fiduciary and other standards under ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code or common law as a result of an investment in our stock, the fiduciary could be subject to criminal and civil penalties.

There are special considerations that apply to investing in our shares on behalf of a trust, pension, profit sharing or 401(k) plans, health or welfare plans, individual retirement accounts (“IRAs”) or Keogh plans. If you are investing the assets of any of the entities identified in the prior sentence in our common stock, you should satisfy yourself that:

 

    the investment is consistent with your fiduciary obligations under applicable law, including common law, ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code;

 

    the investment is made in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the trust, plan or IRA, including a plan’s investment policy;

 

    the investment satisfies the prudence and diversification requirements of Sections 404(a)(1)(B) and 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA and other applicable provisions of ERISA and the Internal Revenue Code;

 

    the investment will not impair the liquidity of the trust, plan or IRA;

 

    the investment will not produce “unrelated business taxable income” for the plan or IRA;

 

    our stockholders will be able to value the assets of the plan annually in accordance with ERISA requirements and applicable provisions of the plan or IRA; and

 

    the investment will not constitute a prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code.

Failure to satisfy the fiduciary standards of conduct and other applicable requirements of ERISA, the Internal Revenue Code, or other applicable statutory or common law may result in the imposition of civil (and criminal, if the violation was willful) penalties, and can subject the fiduciary to equitable remedies. In addition, if an investment in our shares constitutes a prohibited transaction under ERISA or the Internal Revenue Code, the fiduciary that authorized or directed the investment may be subject to the imposition of excise taxes with respect to the amount invested.

It is our current belief that our assets will not be deemed to constitute the “plan assets” of benefit plan investors. If, however, we were deemed to hold “plan assets” of benefit plan investors: (i) ERISA’s fiduciary standards may apply and might materially affect our operations or results, and (ii) our transactions could be deemed a transaction with each benefit plan investor and may cause transactions into which we might enter in the ordinary course of business to constitute prohibited transactions under ERISA or Section 4975 of the Internal Revenue Code, which also may materially affect our operations or results.

 

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ITEM 2. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Selected Financial Data

The selected financial data as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and for the periods from September 13, 2016 (inception) to December 31, 2016 and January 1, 2017 to March 31, 2017 presented below should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing elsewhere in this Form 10. The selected financial data presented below has been derived from our audited and unaudited consolidated financial statements.

Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of results for any future period.

The table below presents our consolidated balance sheets as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:

 

     March 31, 2017      December 31, 2016  

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 1,553,015      $ 511,854  

Real estate securities at fair value

     10,632,400        5,433,480  

Deferred offering costs

     1,180,799        967,448  

Accrued interest receivable

     32,836        13,652  

Prepaid expenses

     25,535        —    

Other assets

     26,035        —    

Total assets

   $ 13,425,085      $ 6,926,434  

Repurchase agreements – real estate securities

     3,578,000        —    

Due to related parties

     1,297,967        995,716  

Distributions payable

     52,273        33,230  

Accrued expense

     47,916        19,167  

Interest payable

     3,588        —    

Total liabilities

     4,979,744        1,048,113  

Total stockholders’ equity

   $ 8,445,341      $ 5,878,321  

Results of Operations

The table below presents certain information from our consolidated statements of operations for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 and for the three months ended March 31, 2017.

 

     Three months ended
March 31, 2017
     Inception through
December 31, 2016
 

Net interest income:

     

Interest income

   $ 101,738      $ 21,998  

Interest expense

     10,415        —    

Net interest income

     91,323        21,998  

Operating expenses:

     

Administration expense

     28,750        19,167  

Directors compensation

     20,750        20,750  

Professional service fees

     20,812        —    

Other expenses

     22,552        7,791  
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     92,864        47,708  

Other income (loss):

     

Unrealized gain (loss) on real estate securities

     89,433        (5,239
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total other income (loss)

     89,433        (5,239

Net income (loss)

     87,892        (30,949

Net income (loss) per share basic and diluted

   $ 0.31      $ (0.22

Weighted average shares, basic and diluted

     280,856        142,443  

 

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Net Interest Income

Net interest income is generated on our interest-earning assets less related interest-bearing liabilities. The following table presents the average balance of interest-earning assets less related interest-bearing liabilities, associated interest income and expense and corresponding yield earned and incurred for the periods indicated.

 

     Three Month Period Ended
March 31, 2017
    Inception through
December 31, 2016
 
     Average
Carrying
Value (1)
    Interest
Income/
Expense (2)
     Weighted Average
Yield/Financing
Cost (3)
    Average
Carrying
Value (1)
    Interest
Income/
Expense  (2)
     Weighted Average
Yield/Financing
Cost (3)
 

Interest-earning assets:

              

Real estate securities

   $ 7,737,323       101,738        5.3   $ 5,440,441     $ 21,998        4.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 7,737,323       101,738        5.3   $ 5,440,441     $ 21,998        4.9
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Interest-bearing liabilities:

              

Repurchase agreements—securities

   $ 3,576,636       10,414        2.4     —         —          —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 3,576,636       10,414        2.4     —         —          —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

Net interest income/spread

     $ 91,324        2.8     $ 21,998        4.9

Average leverage % (4)

     46.2          0     

Weighted average levered yield (5)

          6.6          4.9

 

(1) Based on amortized cost for real estate securities and principal amount for repurchase agreements. Amount was calculated based on the average daily balance.
(2) Includes the effect of amortization of premium or accretion of discount.
(3) Calculated as interest income or expense divided by average carrying value.
(4) Calculated by dividing total average interest-bearing liabilities by total average interest-earning assets.
(5) Calculated by taking the sum of (i) the net interest spread multiplied by the average leverage and (ii) the weighted average yield on interest-earning assets.

We began operations in the fourth quarter of 2016, purchased $5.4 million of Class E floating rate certificates, which are CMBS, representing beneficial ownership in the Cosmopolitan Loan, and had no borrowings. In the first quarter of 2017, we purchased $5.0 million of Class M commercial mezzanine pass-through certificates representing a portion of the Great Wolf Loan. The change in net interest income/spread and weighted average leverage yield resulted from these transactions.

Operating expenses

Total operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, respectively, were $92,864 and $47,708. The increase in the operating expenses were primarily the result of incurring three months of expenses incurred during the first quarter of 2017 compared to incurring two months of expenses between our inception and December 31, 2016.

Other Income (Loss)

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, our real estate securities increased (decreased) in value by $94,672 and ($5,239) respectively. The changes in valuation were unrealized and were the result of the changes in market conditions that affected the price of our securities.

Net Income (Loss)

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, our net income (loss) was $87,892 and ($30,949), or $0.31 and ($0.22) per share (basic and diluted), respectively. We began operations in the fourth quarter of 2016 which included our initial capitalization and the purchase of $5.4 million in CMBS representing beneficial ownership in the Cosmopolitan Loan. The net loss for 2016 resulted from operating expenses exceeding the interest income on the initial investment in real estate securities. During the three month period ended March 31, 2017, the improvement in income was primarily driven by the increase in net interest income after the purchase of $5.1 million in real estate securities with a par value of $5.0 million and the appreciation in the value of our real estate securities.

 

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity is a measurement of our ability to meet potential cash requirements, including ongoing commitments to pay dividends to our stockholders, fund investments, originate loans, repayment of borrowings and other general business needs including the payment of our operating and administrative expenses. Our primary sources of funds for liquidity consist of the net proceeds from the Offering, net cash provided by operating activities, proceeds from repurchase agreements and other financing arrangements and future issuances of equity and/or debt securities.

We currently believe that we have sufficient liquidity and capital resources available for all anticipated uses, including the acquisition of additional investments, required debt service and the payment of distributions to stockholders.

We held cash and cash equivalents of $1,553,015 and $511,854 as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents increased due to normal fluctuations and were primarily related to the net proceeds from the Offering that were not used to purchase investments.

Our operating activities provided net cash of $89,990 and $9,854 for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, respectively. The increase was primarily the result of our net interest income increasing as we increased the average investment assets owned.

Our investing activities used $5,125,000 and $5,440,500 for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, respectively, for the purchase of real estate securities. The change in cash was due to our purchase of fewer real estate securities during the first quarter of 2017.

Our financing activities provided $6,076,171 for the three month period ended March 31, 2017. The primary contributions came from $3,578,000 in net proceeds from our repurchase agreement financing and $2,612,634 in net proceeds from the issuance of our common stock. For the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, our financing activities provided $5,942,500 in net proceeds from the issuance of our common stock.

Repurchase Agreements – Real Estate Securities

We enter into master repurchase agreements (the “MRAs”) that allow us to sell real estate securities while providing a fixed repurchase price for the same real estate securities in the future. The repurchase contracts on each security under an MRA generally mature in 30 to 90 days, and terms are adjusted for current market rates as necessary. Repurchase agreements are being accounted for as secured borrowings since we maintain effective control of the financed assets. Under the MRAs, the respective lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require us to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. We intend to maintain a level of liquidity that will enable us to meet margin calls. In addition, the repurchase agreements are subject to certain financial covenants. We were in compliance with these covenants as of March 31, 2017. We had no MRAs as of December 31, 2016 and, as such, no financial covenant requirements.

As of March 31, 2017, we had entered into one MRA and had one outstanding repurchase agreement, as described in the following table:

 

Counterparty

   Amount
Outstanding
     Accrued Interest
Payable
     Collateral
Pledged
     Interest
Rate
    Days to
Maturity
 

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

   $ 3,578,000      $ 3,588      $ 5,400,000        2.57833     14  

 

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Distributions Paid

The table below sets forth the distributions paid in cash with respect to our Class P shares.

 

Dividend Period

  

Payment Date

   Distribution Amount  

December 2016

   January 3, 2017    $ 33,230  

January 2017

   February 1, 2017      40,572  

February 2017

   March 1, 2017      40,661  

March 2017

   April 3, 2017    $ 52,273  
     

 

 

 

Total

      $ 166,736  
     

 

 

 

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

We had no contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016. Our contractual obligations, excluding expected interest payments, as of March 31, 2017 are summarized as follows:

 

     Less than 1 Year      1 to 3 Years      3 to 5 Years      More than 5 Years      Total  

J.P. Morgan MRA

   $ 3,578,000        —          —          —        $ 3,578,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 3,578,000        —          —          —        $ 3,578,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Transactions with Related Parties

The table below shows the compensation and reimbursement to the Advisor and its affiliates:

 

     Three Month
Period Ended
March 31, 2017
     Payable as of
March 31, 2017
     Inception through
December 31, 2016
     Payable as of
December 31,
2016
 

Organization and offering expense reimbursement

   $ 213,351      $ 1,188,317      $ 974,966      $ 974,966  

Selling commissions and dealer manager fee

     142,366        —          —          —    

Advisory fee

     —          —          —          —    

Operating expense reimbursement

     88,899        109,650        20,750        20,750  

The Advisor waived the advisory fee for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 and for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had no off balance sheet arrangements as of March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016.

 

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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with Item 2, “Financial Information–Selected Financial Data” and Item 1, “Business” of this Form 10, as well as the consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Form 10, including information with respect to our plans and strategies for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. You should read Item 1A, “Risk Factors” and the “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” section of this Form 10 for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by these forward-looking statements.

Overview

We were incorporated in Maryland on September 13, 2016 and conduct our operations with the intent to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes beginning with the taxable year ended December 31, 2017. Substantially all of our business is conducted through our operating partnership, a Delaware limited partnership. We are the sole general partner and directly or indirectly hold all of the units of limited partner interests in our operating partnership.

We are in the business of originating, acquiring and managing a diversified portfolio of CRE investments primarily comprised of (i) CRE debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans and (ii) CRE securities, such as CMBS, senior unsecured debt of publicly traded REITs and CDO notes. We may also invest in select equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties.

We are externally managed by the Advisor, a Delaware limited liability company formed in August 2016 that is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of IREIC. IREIC is a member of Inland, which, as of December 31, 2016, collectively employed approximately 1,000 people nationwide. Inland has more than 45 years of experience in acquiring and managing real estate assets. As of December 31, 2016, Inland had sponsored 712 real estate investment programs, including 507 private and public limited partnerships, 197 Section 1031 exchange programs, seven public, non-listed REITs and one private REIT. We rely on the Advisor to coordinate the management of our day-to-day operations and, through the Sub-Advisor, the origination, acquisition and management of our CRE investment portfolio, subject to the supervision of our board of directors. The Advisor performs its duties and responsibilities as our fiduciary pursuant to an advisory agreement.

Pursuant to the sub-advisory agreement between the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, the Advisor has delegated certain of its duties to the Sub-Advisor, a Delaware limited liability company formed in September 2016 that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sound Point CRE Management, LP, an affiliate of Sound Point. Sound Point is an asset management firm founded in 2008 which, directly or through its affiliates, has served as the investment advisor for several funds focused on credit strategies. As of March 31, 2017, Sound Point managed approximately $13 billion in assets on behalf of institutions, pensions, foundations, insurance companies, wealth management firms, family offices and high net worth individuals. The management team of the Sub-Advisor has extensive experience originating, acquiring and managing CRE debt, CRE securities and single-tenant net leased properties.

Among other duties, the Sub-Advisor has the authority to identify, negotiate, acquire and originate our investments and provide portfolio management, disposition, property management and leasing services for our assets on our behalf. Notwithstanding such delegation to the Sub-Advisor or affiliates of the Sub-Advisor or Advisor, The Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all the matters entrusted to it under the advisory agreement.

Summary of Critical Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related footnotes have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

 

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Principles of Consolidation

We consolidate all entities that we control through either majority ownership or voting rights. The accompanying consolidated financial statements beginning on page F-1 of this Form 10 include our accounts and the accounts of our operating partnership. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In determining whether we have a controlling financial interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, management considers factors such as ownership interest, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the other partners or members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. We have determined that our operating partnership is a VIE of which we are the primary beneficiary. Substantially all of our assets and liabilities are held by our operating partnership.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include funds on deposit with financial institutions, including demand deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less. The account balance may periodically exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance coverage and, as a result, there could be a concentration of credit risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. We believe that the risk will not be significant, as we do not anticipate the financial institutions’ non-performance.

Commercial Mortgage Loans and Allowance for Loan Losses

Commercial mortgage loans are held for investment purposes and are anticipated to be held until maturity. Accordingly, they are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees and origination costs, and premiums or discounts. Commercial mortgage loans that are deemed to be impaired will be carried at amortized cost less a specific allowance for loan losses. Interest income is recorded on the accrual basis and related discounts, premiums and net deferred fees or costs on investments are amortized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. Amortization is reflected as an adjustment to interest income in our consolidated statements of operations. Upon measurement of impairment, we record an allowance for loan losses to reduce the carrying value of the loan with a corresponding charge through the provision for loan losses on our consolidated statement of operations.

The allowance for loan losses reflects management’s estimate of loan losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. We use a uniform process for determining its allowance for loan losses. The allowance for loan losses includes an asset-specific component and will include a general, formula-based component when the portfolio is determined to be of sufficient size to warrant such a reserve.

The asset-specific reserve component relates to reserves for losses on individual impaired loans. We consider a loan to be impaired when, based upon current information and events, we believe that it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan agreement. This assessment is made on an individual loan basis each quarter based on such factors as payment status, lien position, borrower financial resources and investment in collateral, collateral type, project economics and geographical location as well as national and regional economic factors. A reserve is established for an impaired loan when the present value of payments expected to be received, observable market prices or the estimated fair value of the collateral (for loans that are dependent on the collateral for repayment) is lower than the carrying value of that loan.

For collateral dependent impaired loans, impairment is measured using the estimated fair value of collateral less the estimated cost to sell. Valuations are performed or obtained at the time a loan is determined to be impaired and designated non-performing, and they are updated if circumstances indicate that a significant change in value has occurred. The Advisor generally will use the income approach through internally developed valuation models to estimate the fair value of the collateral for such loans. In more limited cases, the Advisor will obtain external “as is” appraisals for loan collateral, generally when third party participations exist.

 

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General reserves are recorded when (i) available information as of each balance sheet date indicates that it is probable a loss has occurred in the portfolio and (ii) the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Our policy is to estimate loss rates based on actual losses experienced, if any, or based on historic realized losses experienced in the industry if we have not experienced any losses. Current collateral and economic conditions affecting the probability and severity of losses are taken into account when establishing the allowance for loan losses. We perform a comprehensive analysis of our loan portfolio and assign risk ratings to loans that incorporate management’s current judgments about their credit quality based on all known and relevant internal and external factors that may affect collectability. We consider, among other things, payment status, lien position, borrower financial resources and investment in collateral, collateral type, project economics and geographic location as well as national and regional economic factors. This methodology results in loans being segmented by risk classification into risk rating categories that are associated with estimated probabilities of default and principal loss. Ratings range from “1” to “5” with “1” representing the lowest risk of loss and “5” representing the highest risk of loss.

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest payments are past due 90 days or more or when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed against interest income in the period the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding the borrower’s ability to make pending principal and interest payments. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest is paid and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. We may make exceptions to placing a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection.

As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we did not have any commercial mortgage loans held for investment or any related allowance for loan losses.

Real Estate Securities at Fair Value

Our real estate securities are comprised of CMBS and are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Investments — Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC 320”). We have chosen to make a fair value option election pursuant to ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”) for its securities and, therefore, its investment securities are recorded at fair market value on the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic changes in fair market value are recorded in current period earnings on the consolidated statement of operations as a component of net unrealized gain (loss) on investments. These investments generally meet the requirements to be classified as available-for-sale under ASC 320, which requires the securities to be carried at fair value on the balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded to other comprehensive income on our statement of shareholders’ equity. Electing the fair value option permits us to record changes in fair value of our investments in the consolidated statements of operations which, in management’s view, more appropriately reflects the results of operations for a particular reporting period.

We record our transactions in securities on a trade date basis and recognize realized gains and losses on securities transactions on an identified cost basis.

Interest Income Recognition

Interest income on CMBS, which includes accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on such CMBS, is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. Management estimates, at the time of purchase, the future expected cash flows and determines the effective interest rate based on these estimated cash flows and our purchase price. As needed, these estimated cash flows are updated and a revised yield is computed based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, management must use its judgment to estimate interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying mortgage loans. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact management’s estimates and its interest income.

 

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Fair Value of Financial Instruments

We estimate fair value using available market information and valuation methodologies we believe to be appropriate for these purposes. We define fair value based on the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 825 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which are described below:

 

    Level I—Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

    Level II—Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.

 

    Level III—Unobservable inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the above hierarchy requires significant judgment and factors specific to the asset or liability. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. We evaluate its hierarchy disclosures each quarter and depending on various factors, it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from quarter to quarter.

We have implemented valuation control processes to validate the fair value of our financial instruments measured at fair value including those derived from pricing models. These control processes are designed to assure that the values used for financial reporting are based on observable inputs wherever possible. In the event that observable inputs are not available, the control processes are designed to assure that the valuation approach utilized is appropriate and consistently applied and the assumptions are reasonable.

CMBS are valued utilizing both observable and unobservable market inputs. These factors include projected future cash flows, ratings, subordination levels, vintage, remaining lives, credit issues, recent trades of similar real estate securities and the spreads used in the prior valuation. We obtain current market spread information where available and uses this information in evaluating and validating the market price of all real CMBS. Depending upon the significance of the fair value inputs used in determining these fair values, these real estate securities are classified in either Level II or Level III of the fair value hierarchy. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had received third party quotes on each CMBS investment used in determining the fair value and have been classified as Level II due to the observable nature of all significant market inputs.

Offering and Organizational Costs

Offering and related costs include all expenses incurred in connection with the Offering. Offering costs (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) of ours may be paid by the Advisor, Sub-Advisor, the Dealer Manager, or its affiliates on our behalf and subsequently reimbursed by us. Offering costs are deferred and a payable to the Advisor is accrued until shares are sold in the private placement, at which point the expense reimbursement is paid from additional paid-in capital. Offering costs include all expenses incurred by us in connection with its Offering as of the balance sheet date presented. These costs include but are not limited to: (i) reimbursing the Dealer Manager and participating soliciting dealers for bona fide out-of-pocket, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses incurred by these entities, (ii) expenses for printing, engraving and mailing, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositaries and experts, and (iii) expenses of qualifying the sale of the shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees and expenses.

We are obligated to reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates, as applicable, for organizational and offering costs paid by them on our behalf to the extent organizational and offering costs (excluding selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) incurred by us in the Offering do not exceed 1.4% of gross offering proceeds. As a result, these costs are only a liability of ours to the extent aggregate organization and offering costs do not exceed 1.4% of the gross Offering proceeds determined at the end of the Offering.

 

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Repurchase Agreements – Real Estate Securities

We enter into Master Repurchase Agreements (the “MRAs”) that allow us to sell real estate securities while providing a fixed repurchase price for the same real estate securities in the future. The repurchase contracts on each security under an MRA generally mature in 30 to 90 days and terms are adjusted for current market rates as necessary. Repurchase agreements are being accounted for as secured borrowings since we maintain effective control of the financed assets. Under the repurchase agreements, the respective lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require us to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. We intend to maintain a level of liquidity that will enable us to meet margin calls. In addition, the repurchase agreements are generally subject to certain financial covenants. We were in compliance with all financial covenant requirements as of March 31, 2017. We had no MRAs as of December 31, 2016 and, as such, had no financial covenant requirements.

Income Taxes

We intend to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code for federal income tax purposes commencing with the tax year ending December 31, 2017. If we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent we distribute our REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments, to our stockholders. Subsequently, if we fail to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, we will be subject to federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate tax rates. Even if we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income, property or net worth and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

We had no uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. We expect no significant increases or decreases in uncertain tax positions due to changes in tax positions within one year of March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. We have no interest or penalties relating to income taxes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 or the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, returns for the calendar year 2016 remain subject to examination by U.S. and various state and local tax jurisdictions.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences and are attributable to (1) differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases, and (2) net operating losses. A valuation allowance is established for uncertainties relating to realization of deferred tax assets. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, we had a deferred tax asset of $10,382 related to organizational and start-up costs, which are capitalized for income tax purposes, and a current net operating loss, and an unrealized loss in value of real estate securities. A valuation allowance in the amount of $10,382 was recorded due to current uncertainty of realization.

Distributions Payable

Distributions payable represent distributions declared as of the balance sheet date which are payable to stockholders.

Per Share Data

We calculate basic and diluted earnings per share by dividing net income attributable to us for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for that period.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued ASU 2015-02, “Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis,” (“ASU 2015-02”), which amended the accounting for consolidation of certain legal entities. The amendments modify the evaluation of whether certain legal entities are VIEs or voting interest entities, eliminate the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership and affect the consolidation analysis of reporting entities that are involved with VIEs (particularly those that have fee arrangements and related party relationships). The revised guidance is effective for fiscal years, and for

 

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interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2015. Early adoption was permitted, including adoption in an interim period. We elected to adopt this guidance effective with its inception on September 13, 2016. We have evaluated the impact of the adoption of the new guidance on our consolidated financial statements and have determined that our operating partnership is considered a VIE. However, we meet the disclosure exemption criteria as we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE and our partnership interest is considered a majority voting interest in a business and the assets of our operating partnership can be used for purposes other than settling its obligation, such as paying distributions. As such, the new guidance did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-03, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs.” The ASU simplifies the presentation of debt issuance costs by requiring that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by the amendments in this update. For all other entities, the amendments in this update are effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. As of December 31, 2016, we have not incurred any debt issuance costs. We will apply the guidance in ASU 2015-03 for any future debt issuance costs incurred.

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern (Subtopic 2015-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” or ASU 2014-15. ASU 2014-15 introduces an explicit requirement for management to assess and provide certain disclosures if there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern. ASU 2014-15 is effective for the annual period ending after December 15, 2016. We do not anticipate that the adoption of ASU 2014-15 will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Credit Risk

Our investments are subject to a high degree of credit risk. Credit risk is the exposure to loss from loan defaults. Default rates are subject to a wide variety of factors, including, but not limited to, borrower financial condition, property performance, property management, supply/demand factors, construction trends, consumer behavior, regional economics, interest rates, the strength of the U.S. economy, and other factors beyond our control. All loans are subject to a certain probability of default. We manage credit risk through the underwriting process, acquiring our investments at the appropriate discount to face value, if any, and establishing loss assumptions. We also carefully monitor the performance of the loans, as well as external factors that may affect their value.

Interest Rate Risk

Our market risk arises primarily from interest rate risk relating to interest rate fluctuations. Many factors including governmental monetary and tax policies, domestic and international economic and political considerations and other factors that are beyond our control contribute to interest rate risk. To meet our short and long-term liquidity requirements, we may borrow funds at fixed and variable rates. Our interest rate risk management objectives are to limit the impact of interest rate changes in earnings and cash flows and to lower our overall borrowing costs. To achieve these objectives, from time to time, we may enter into interest rate hedge contracts such as swaps, collars and treasury lock agreements in order to mitigate our interest rate risk with respect to various debt instruments. While hedging activities may insulate us against adverse changes in interest rates, they may also limit our ability to participate in benefits of lower interest rates with respect to our portfolio of investments with fixed interest rates. During the period from September 13, 2016 through April 25, 2017, we did not engage in interest rate hedging activities. We do not hold or issue derivative contracts for trading or speculative purposes. We do not have any foreign denominated investments, and thus, we are not exposed to foreign currency fluctuations.

 

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As of March 31, 2017, and December 31, 2016, our investment portfolio included two and one variable rate investments, respectively, based on LIBOR for various terms. Borrowings under our master repurchase agreement were short-term and at a variable rate. The following table quantifies the potential changes in interest income net of interest expense should interest rates increase by 25 or 50 basis points or decrease by 25 basis points, assuming that our current balance sheet was to remain constant and no actions were taken to alter our existing interest rate sensitivity:

 

     Estimated Percentage Change in Interest Income Net of Interest Expense  

Change in Rates

   March 31, 2017     December 31, 2016  

(-) 25 Basis Points

     (3.38 )%      (4.67 )% 

Base Interest Rate

     0.00  %      0.00  % 

(+) 50 Basis Points

     6.75  %      9.35  % 

(+) 100 Basis Points

     13.50  %      18.69  % 

 

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ITEM 3. PROPERTIES

As of the date of this Form 10, we do not own any physical properties. For a description of our assets as of the date of this Form 10, please see Item 1, “Business–Investment Portfolio.”

Our principal executive offices are located at 2901 Butterfield Road, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523, and our telephone number is (800) 826-8228.

 

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ITEM 4. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

The following table sets forth, as of April 25, 2017, the amount of our common stock beneficially owned (unless otherwise indicated) by: (i) any person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of the outstanding shares of our common stock; (ii) each of our directors; (iii) each of our executive officers; and (iv) all of our directors and executive officers in the aggregate. Unless otherwise noted, the address for each of the persons or entities named in the following table is 2901 Butterfield Road, Oak Brook, Illinois 60523.

 

     Common Stock
Beneficially Owned (1)
 

Name

   Number
of Shares
     Percentage (2)  

Interested Directors

     

Mitchell A. Sabshon (3)

     46,440        11.9

Donald MacKinnon (4)

     20,000        5.1

Independent Directors

     

Norman A. Feinstein (5)

     4,000        1.0

Cynthia Foster

     —          —    

Robert N. Jenkins

     —          —    

Executive Officers

     

Catherine L. Lynch

     600        *  

Andrew Winer (4)

     12,000        3.1

Roderick S. Curtis

     400        *  

Ownership in Excess of 5% of Outstanding Class P Shares

     

Sound Point Capital Management, LP (4)

     120,000        30.8

Inland InPoint Advisor LLC

     40,040        10.3
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

All officers and directors as a group (8 persons)

     203,440        52.2
  

 

 

    

 

 

 
* Less than 1%
(1) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Under SEC rules, a person is deemed to be a “beneficial owner” of a security if that person has or shares “voting power,” which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security, or “investment power,” which includes the right to dispose of or to direct the disposition of such security. A person also is deemed to be a beneficial owner of any securities which that person has a right to acquire within 60 days. Except as otherwise indicated by footnote, and subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in the table above have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of common stock shown as beneficially owned by them.
(2) Based on a total of 389,451 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of April 25, 2017.
(3) The shares owned by the Advisor are deemed to be beneficially owned by Mr. Sabshon. Mr. Sabshon exercises control over the Advisor but does not have sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares owned by the Advisor.
(4) The address of such person or entity is 375 Park Avenue, 33 rd Floor, New York, NY 10152.
(5) On December 21, 2016, Mr. Feinstein purchased 4,000 Class P shares for $100,000 through the Aspen Holdings Profit Sharing Plan.

 

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ITEM 5. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

Our directors and executive officers and their positions and ages are as follows:

 

Name

   Age*     

Position

Mitchell A. Sabshon

     64      Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

Donald MacKinnon

     53      President and Director

Catherine L. Lynch

     58      Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

Andrew Winer

     49      Chief Investment Officer

Roderick S. Curtis

     49      Vice President and Secretary

Norman A. Feinstein

     69      Independent Director

Cynthia Foster

     54      Independent Director

Robert N. Jenkins

     65      Independent Director

 

* As of January 1, 2017

Set forth below is certain biographical information regarding each of our directors and executive officers.

Mitchell A. Sabshon is our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our board of directors, positions he has held since October 2016 and September 2016, respectively. Mr. Sabshon is also the Chief Executive Officer of the Advisor, a position he has held since August 2016. Mr. Sabshon has also served as a director and the Chief Executive Officer and President of Inland Real Estate Income Trust, Inc. (“IREIT”), positions he has held since September 2014, April 2014 and December 2016, respectively, and as a director and the President of its business manager since October 2013 and December 2016, respectively. Mr. Sabshon is also currently the Chief Executive Officer, President and a director of IREIC, positions he has held since August 2013, January 2014 and September 2013, respectively. He is a director and the President and Chief Executive Officer of Inland Residential Properties Trust, Inc. (“IRPT”), and the IRPT business manager, positions he has held since December 2013. Mr. Sabshon has also served as a director and chairman of the board of Inland Private Capital Corporation (“IPCC”) since September 2013 and January 2015, respectively and a director of Inland Securities Corporation (“Inland Securities”) since January 2014. Prior to joining IREIC in August 2013, Mr. Sabshon served as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of Cole Real Estate Investments, Inc. (“Cole”) from November 2010 to June 2013. In this role, he was responsible for finance, asset management, property management, leasing and high yield portfolio management. He also worked on a broad range of initiatives across Cole, including issues pertaining to corporate and portfolio strategy, product development and systems. Prior to joining Cole in November 2010, Mr. Sabshon served as Managing Partner and Chief Investment Officer of EndPoint Financial LLC, an advisory firm providing acquisition and finance advisory services to equity investors, from 2008 to 2010. Mr. Sabshon was a licensed person with The OBEX Group from April 2009 through November 2009. Mr. Sabshon served as Chief Investment Officer and Executive Vice President of GFI Capital Resources Group, Inc., a national owner-operator of multifamily properties, from 2007 to 2008. Prior to joining GFI, Mr. Sabshon served with Goldman Sachs & Company from 2004 to 2007 and from 1997 to 2002 in several key strategic roles, including President and Chief Executive Officer of Goldman Sachs Commercial Mortgage Capital and head of the Insurance Client Development Group. From 2002 to 2004, Mr. Sabshon was Executive Director of the U.S. Institutional Sales Group at Morgan Stanley. Mr. Sabshon held various positions at Lehman Brothers Inc. from 1991 to 1997, including in the Real Estate Investment Banking Group. Prior to joining Lehman Brothers, Mr. Sabshon was an attorney in the Corporate Finance and Real Estate Structured Finance groups of Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP. Mr. Sabshon holds a B.A. from George Washington University and a J.D. from Hofstra University School of Law. We believe that Mr. Sabshon’s experience as a director and Chief Executive Officer of IRPT, IREIT and IREIC, his prior experience as an officer of Cole and his significant finance experience make him well qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors.

Donald MacKinnon is our President, one of our directors and a Portfolio Manager of the Sub-Advisor, positions he has held since October 2016, September 2016 and September 2016, respectively. Mr. MacKinnon served as the Chief Operating Officer of Realty Finance Trust, Inc. (“RFT”) and its advisor from January 2013 to November 2015, and as President of RFT and its advisor from November 2014 to November 2015. From May 2011 through December 2012, Mr. MacKinnon served as Senior Vice President and head of High Yield Portfolio

 

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Management for Cole, where he invested approximately $350 million in credit sensitive CMBS and mezzanine loans for Cole. From July 2008 to March 2011, Mr. MacKinnon was a partner with EndPoint Financial, LLC where he provided CMBS advisory and real estate workout services. From January 2004 through March 2007, Mr. MacKinnon was a Managing Director at Nomura Securities International where he managed the North American Structured Credit Trading businesses including commercial real estate and asset backed securities. Prior to joining Nomura, Mr. MacKinnon served as President and Chief Executive Officer of REALM, Inc., a privately owned real estate software and services company primarily owned by Hicks Muse Tate and Furst, CMGI and T.H. Lee Putnam Equity Partners. Prior to REALM, Mr. MacKinnon was co-head and co-founder of the Commercial Mortgage Group and Manager of the European Asset Securitization Group at Donaldson Lufkin & Jenrette (“DLJ”). Prior to joining DLJ in 1992, Mr. MacKinnon worked in the Real Estate Finance Group at Salomon Brothers, Inc. on a variety of commercial real estate debt and equity transactions. Mr. MacKinnon also served on the board of directors for CRIIMI Mae, Inc. (NYSE: CMM) from 2001 to 2003. Mr. MacKinnon holds a B.A. in Economics from Ohio Wesleyan University and an M.B.A. from the Harvard Business School. We believe that Mr. MacKinnon’s experience as Chief Operating Officer and President of RFT, his prior experience as an officer of Cole and his significant finance experience make him well qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors.

Catherine L. Lynch is our Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer, positions she has held since October 2016, and the Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Advisor, positions she has held since August 2016. Ms. Lynch joined Inland in 1989 and has been a director of The Inland Group, Inc. since June 2012. She serves as the Treasurer and Secretary (since January 1995), the Chief Financial Officer (since January 2011) and a director (since April 2011) of IREIC and as a director (since July 2000) and Chief Financial Officer and Secretary (since June 1995) of Inland Securities. She has served as the Chief Financial Officer of IREIT since April 2014 and as a director of IREIT’s business manager since August 2011. Ms. Lynch has also served as Chief Financial Officer of IRPT since December 2013 and as Chief Financial Officer of the business manager of IRPT since October 2014. Ms. Lynch also has served as a director of IPCC since May 2012. Ms. Lynch served as Treasurer of Inland Capital Markets Group, Inc. from January 2008 through October 2010, as the Treasurer of the business manager of IRPT from December 2013 to October 2014, as a director and Treasurer of Inland Investment Advisors, Inc. from June 1995 to December 2014 and as a director and Treasurer of Inland Institutional Capital Partners Corporation from May 2006 to December 2014. Ms. Lynch worked for KPMG Peat Marwick LLP from 1980 to 1989. Ms. Lynch holds a B.S. in Accounting from Illinois State University. Ms. Lynch is a certified public accountant and a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the Illinois CPA Society. Ms. Lynch also is registered with FINRA as a financial operations principal.

Andrew Winer is our Chief Investment Officer and a Portfolio Manager of the Sub-Advisor, positions he has held since October 2016 and September 2016, respectively. Mr. Winer served as the Chief Investment Officer of RFT and its advisor from their formation in November 2012 to November 2015. Mr. Winer also served as the Chief Investment Officer of Global Net Lease, Inc. from May 2012 to November 2015 and as President from March 2015 to November 2015. Additionally, he was involved in arranging corporate lines of credit and designing loan facilities for all American Realty Capital-sponsored companies. From April 2000 to January 2012, Mr. Winer worked at Credit Suisse where he held multiple positions. From January 2011 to December 2011, Mr. Winer was a Director of CMBS business and headed the capital desk where he was responsible for pricing and hedging of loan production. From January 2009 to December 2010, Mr. Winer was a Director of Asset Management where he was responsible for winding down, working out and disposing of mortgage, mezzanine and warehouse commercial real estate positions. From 2006 to December 2008, Mr. Winer was a Director of Global Commercial Real Estate Business where he led the firm’s global CRE CDO business. In that position, he created and managed warehouse lines and also worked with third-party clients for CDO execution and syndication. From 2004 to 2005, Mr. Winer was a Director working with new issuances and syndication of CMBS. In that position, Mr. Winer also was responsible for mortgage loan and mezzanine loan pricing, hedging and distribution. From 2000 to 2004, Mr. Winer was a Vice President in fixed-income structured product sales. From January 1999 to December 1999, Mr. Winer worked at Global Asset Capital, an intellectual property securitization firm. From August 1993 to November 1998, Mr. Winer was employed at DLJ where he focused on bond structuring, loan origination, securitization deal management, CMBS trading, loan pricing and hedging and new business. Mr. Winer started his career in the Structured Products Group of Arthur Andersen LLP and worked there from August 1991 to August 1993. During his time at DLJ, Mr. Winer was awarded “VP of the year” in 1995 and, while at Credit Suisse, he was awarded “Top 50” in 2010. Mr. Winer holds a B.S. in Business Administration and a Master’s in Accounting, both from the University of Michigan.

 

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Roderick S. Curtis serves as our Vice President and Secretary, positions he has held since October 2016, and as President of the Advisor, a position he has held since August 2016. Mr. Curtis has served as Vice President of IRPT and its business manager since May 2016. Mr. Curtis joined IREIC in March 2011 and currently serves as Senior Vice President—Research and Product Development. Prior to joining IREIC, Mr. Curtis held positions with Priority Capital Investments, LLC, AmREIT, Inc. and DWS Scudder Investments. Mr. Curtis holds a B.A. in Economics from the University of Wisconsin.

Norman A. Feinstein  is one of our independent directors, a position he has held since October 2016. Mr. Feinstein has served as Principal and Vice Chairman of The Hampshire Companies (“Hampshire”) a full-service, privately held, fully integrated real estate firm with assets valued at over $2.5 billion, since December 1998. Mr. Feinstein currently serves as Fund Manager of The Hampshire Generational Fund and a member of Hampshire’s Investment Committee since January 2005. In addition to his current role as Fund Manager, he sources acquisitions and new opportunities and actively engages with investors on behalf of Hampshire. Prior to joining Hampshire in 1998, Mr. Feinstein had been a practicing attorney for more than 25 years, specializing in real estate law. During his career, he was a real estate owner and operator of commercial and residential properties and has served as President and Counsel to the New Jersey Apartment Association and was a Regional Vice President of the National Apartment Association. Mr. Feinstein also serves as a member of the board of directors of Malvern Bancorp, Inc. and Malvern Federal Savings Bank since June 2016. Mr. Feinstein currently serves on the Executive Committee of the Metropolitan Golf Association and its Foundation Board. Mr. Feinstein holds a B.A. in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences from the University of Connecticut and a J.D. from Suffolk University Law School, and is admitted to practice law in New Jersey. We believe that Mr. Feinstein’s commercial real estate experience makes him well qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors.

Cynthia Foster is one of our independent directors, a position she has held since October 2016. Ms. Foster has served as President, National Office Brokerage and Valuation of Colliers International (“Colliers”) since January 2015, where she leads Colliers’ national office platform across service lines including office leasing, tenant and landlord representation, investment sales, leasing agency, property management and valuation. Prior to joining Colliers, Ms. Foster served as Executive Managing Director at Cushman & Wakefield Inc. from June 2001 to January 2015. Ms. Foster has also worked with the real estate investment banking group at Lazard Ltd., where she focused on large portfolio restructurings. Ms. Foster has over 25 years of experience leading significant transactions and developing new business initiatives for multinational clients across a wide geographic range. Ms. Foster currently serves as Vice Chairperson and Trustee of the Urban Land Institute and as the Colliers delegate for the Urban Land Institute Real Estate Round Table. Ms. Foster is a co-founder of the Committee of Professional Women, and she serves as a member of the Board of Trustees and the finance committee for the Hospital for Special Surgery, the Board of Advisors for the Westchester Children’s Museum and the Board of Trustees for the Museum for the City of New York. Ms. Foster holds a B.A. in the History of Science from Skidmore College and an M.B.A. from Harvard University. Ms. Foster is a licensed real estate broker in the State of New York. We believe that Ms. Foster’s 25 years of experience in commercial real estate transactions make her well qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors.

Robert N. Jenkins is one of our independent directors, a position he has held since October 2016. Mr. Jenkins has also served as Executive Vice President of Municipal Capital Appreciation Partners (“MCAP”) since June 2016, where he is responsible for multifamily acquisitions and dispositions, and fund marketing and administration. Prior to joining MCAP, Mr. Jenkins served as Executive Director at W. P. Carey Inc. from January 2003 to March 2016, where he was responsible for the mortgage financing activities in the domestic net leased portfolio and for hotel acquisition financing in two managed funds. Previously, Mr. Jenkins was a Vice President at MetLife Real Estate Investments, where he headed the Real Estate Capital Markets Group and served as a senior member of the real estate department. Prior to joining MetLife Real Estate Investments, Mr. Jenkins worked for several real estate firms, including Eastdil Secured, LLC and Trammell Crow Company. Mr. Jenkins holds a B.A. in English from Colorado College and an M.B.A. from Columbia University Graduate School of Business. We believe that Mr. Jenkins’ commercial real estate and finance experience make him well qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors.

 

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Board of Directors

General

We operate under the direction of our board of directors, the members of which are accountable to us and our stockholders as fiduciaries. Our board of directors is responsible for directing the management of our business and affairs. Our board of directors has retained the Advisor which is responsible for coordinating the management of our day-to-day operations. The Advisor has retained the Sub-Advisor to provide certain of its advisory services on its behalf including originating, acquiring and managing our investments, subject to the supervision of our board of directors.

Our charter and bylaws provide that the number of our directors may be established by a majority of our board of directors but may not be fewer than five. Our bylaws further provide that the number of directors may not be more than 15. Our charter also provides that a majority of our directors must be independent of us, the Advisor and our respective affiliates except for a period of 60 days after the death, resignation or removal of an independent director pending the election of his or her successor. We currently have five directors, three of whom are independent, as defined in our charter and by the independence rules of the New York Stock Exchange. An independent director is a director who is not and has not for the last two years been associated, directly or indirectly, with the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor. Our charter requires that at all times at least one of our independent directors must have at least three years of relevant real estate experience. We refer to any director who is not independent as an “affiliated director.” At the first meeting of our board of directors consisting of a majority of independent directors, our charter was reviewed and approved by a vote of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, in accordance with the requirements of the North American Securities Administrators Association Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts.

Each director will serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Although the number of directors may be increased or decreased, a decrease will not have the effect of shortening the term of any incumbent director.

Any director may resign at any time and may be removed with or without cause by the stockholders upon the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors. The notice of any special meeting called to remove a director will indicate that the purpose, or one of the purposes, of the meeting is to determine if the director will be removed.

Advisor and Sub-Advisor Board Nomination Rights

Our bylaws require that nominees for election as a director, whether by the stockholders or by the board of directors, shall include such number of individuals as are entitled to be designated for nomination pursuant to the Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement. For so long as the Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement are in effect, and subject to our charter and bylaws, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall each have the right to designate for nomination, subject to the approval of such nomination by our board of directors, one director to the slate to be voted on by the stockholders; provided however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the board of directors is increased by a vote of the board of directors pursuant to the charter and bylaws, such number of director nominees which each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor is entitled shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than 20% of the total number of directors. We refer to the director designated for nomination by the Advisor as the “Advisor affiliated director nominee” and the director designated for nomination by the Sub-Advisor as the “Sub-Advisor affiliated director nominee.” The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall also have the right to consult with each other and jointly designate for nomination, subject to the approval of such nomination by our board of directors, three individuals to serve as independent directors; provided, however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the board of directors is increased by a vote of our board of directors pursuant to our charter and bylaws, such number of independent director nominees which the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are entitled to designate shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than the minimum number of independent directors required under applicable law and pursuant to our charter and bylaws.

 

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Director Vacancies

A vacancy created by the death, resignation, adjudicated incompetence or other incapacity of a director or a vacancy following the removal of a director may be filled by a vote of a majority of the remaining directors, and a vacancy created by an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a vote of a majority of the entire board of directors. In the case of a vacancy in the position of the Advisor affiliated director nominee or the Sub-Advisor affiliated director nominee, the director to be elected by the board to fill the vacancy must also be nominated by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable. In the case of the vacancy regarding an independent director position, the director must also be nominated by the remaining independent directors in consultation with the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, in accordance with their nomination rights as set forth in our bylaws and the Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement. If there are no remaining independent directors, then a majority vote of the remaining directors will be sufficient to fill a vacancy among our independent directors’ positions. If at any time there are no independent or affiliated directors in office, successor directors will be elected by the stockholders. Any director elected to fill a vacancy will serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his successor is duly elected and qualifies.

Responsibilities of Directors

The responsibilities of our board of directors include the following:

 

    approve and oversee our overall investment strategy, which consists of elements such as investment selection criteria, diversification strategies and asset disposition strategies;

 

    establish investment guidelines that govern our investments in CRE debt and securities, and equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties and limit the types of investments that may be originated or acquired and, depending on the type of transaction, the extent to which the Sub-Advisor may execute investment and disposition transactions without specific board approval;

 

    approve and oversee our debt financing strategies;

 

    approve and monitor the relationship among us, our operating partnership, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor;

 

    review our fees and expenses on at least an annual basis and with sufficient frequency to determine that the expenses incurred are in the best interest of our stockholders;

 

    adopt valuation guidelines to be used in connection with the calculation of our NAV from and after the NAV Pricing Date, monitor compliance with the valuation guidelines and approve the selection of the Valuation Advisor and the Fund Administrator;

 

    determine our distribution policy and authorize distributions from time to time; and

 

    oversee our share repurchase program.

In order to address potential conflicts of interest, our charter requires that a majority of our board of directors (including a majority of the independent directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve any transaction with any of our directors, Inland, Sound Point or affiliates of any of the foregoing. The independent directors are also responsible for reviewing the performance of the Advisor at least annually and determining that the compensation to be paid to the Advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out.

In fulfilling his or her duties to us, each director will be bound by our charter. The directors are not required to devote all of their time to our business and are only required to devote the time to our affairs as their duties may require. The board of directors will generally meet quarterly or more frequently if necessary, in addition to meetings of the various committees of the board of directors described below. It is not expected that the directors will be required to devote a substantial portion of their time to discharge their duties as directors. Consequently, in the exercise of their fiduciary responsibilities, the directors will rely heavily on the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor.

 

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Compensation of Directors

For information relating to the compensation of our board of directors, see Item 6, “Executive Compensation” of this Form 10.

Committees of our Board of Directors

Our entire board of directors is responsible for supervising our entire business. However, pursuant to our charter, our board of directors may delegate some of its powers to one or more committees as deemed appropriate by the board, provided that each committee consists of at least a majority of independent directors.

Audit Committee

Our board of directors has established an audit committee, which consists of Norman A. Feinstein, Cynthia Foster and Robert N. Jenkins, each of whom is an independent director. Robert N. Jenkins serves as the chairman of our audit committee and as an audit committee financial expert as that term is defined by the SEC. The audit committee assists the board of directors in overseeing our accounting and financial reporting processes, the integrity and audits of our financial statements, our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, the qualifications and independence of our independent auditors and the performance of our internal and independent auditors. In addition, the audit committee selects the independent auditors to audit our annual financial statements and reviews with the independent auditors the plans and results of the audit engagement. The audit committee also approves the audit and non-audit services provided by the independent public accountants and the fees we pay for these services.

Appointment and Removal of Officers

Our board of directors shall have the authority to appoint and remove our officers in its sole discretion. The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor have agreed to consult with each other and jointly agree upon any officers recommended to our board of directors for approval. If an officer jointly recommended by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor to serve as an officer is not appointed to hold the designated office by our board of directors or following appointment by our board of directors is no longer retained as such officer as a result of death, disability, retirement, resignation or removal, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor have agreed to consult with each other and jointly recommend a replacement for such officer subject to approval by our board of directors.

 

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ITEM 6. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Compensation of Executive Officers and Directors

We do not currently have any employees nor do we currently intend to hire any employees who will be compensated directly by us. Each of our executive officers, including our executive officers who serve as directors, are employed by Inland, Sound Point, or their affiliates and receive compensation for his or her services, including services performed for us on behalf of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, from Inland or Sound Point, as applicable.

We pay each of our independent directors a retainer of $20,000 per year plus $1,000 for each board meeting the director attends in person ($500 for each board committee meeting) and $500 for each board meeting the director attends by telephone ($350 for each board committee meeting). We also pay our audit committee chairperson an annual fee of $5,000. Our independent directors may elect to receive their annual retainer in cash, unrestricted Class P shares, or both.

We have adopted an independent director compensation plan, which operates as a sub-plan of our independent director restricted share plan, as described below. Under the independent director restricted share plan and subject to such plan’s conditions and restrictions, each of our independent directors will automatically receive $10,000 in restricted Class P shares on the date of each annual stockholders’ meeting or, if no annual meeting, in December of each year starting in 2017. Such restricted shares will generally vest over a three-year period following the grant date in increments of 33  1 3 % per annum; provided, however, that restricted stock will become fully vested on the earlier occurrence of: (i) the termination of the independent director’s service as a director due to his or her death or disability; or (ii) a liquidity event.

All directors receive reimbursement of reasonable out-of-pocket expenses incurred in connection with attending meetings of our board of directors. If a director is also one of our officers, or is an employee of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, we will not pay any compensation to such person for services rendered as a director.

Independent Director Restricted Share Plan

Our board of directors has adopted an independent director restricted share plan, which we use to attract and retain directors. Our restricted share plan offers our independent directors an opportunity to participate in our growth through awards in the form of, or based on, our common stock. The restricted share plan authorizes the granting of restricted stock, restricted or deferred stock units, dividend equivalents, and cash-based awards to independent directors for participation in the plan.

Our board of directors will administer the restricted share plan, with sole authority to determine all of the terms and conditions of the awards. No awards will be granted under the plan if the grant or vesting of the awards would jeopardize our status as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code or otherwise violate the ownership and transfer restrictions imposed under our charter. Unless otherwise determined by our board of directors, no award granted under the plan will be transferable except through the laws of descent and distribution.

Our board of directors has authorized Class P shares for issuance under the restricted share plan. However, no awards shall be granted under the restricted share plan on any date on which the aggregate number of shares subject to awards previously issued under the restricted share plan, together with the proposed awards to be granted on such date, exceeds 5% of the number of outstanding shares of common stock on such date. In the event of a transaction between our company and our stockholders that causes the per-share value of our common stock to change (including, without limitation, a stock dividend, stock split, spin-off, rights offering or large nonrecurring cash dividend), the share authorization limits under the plan will be adjusted proportionately and our board of directors will make adjustments to the restricted share plan and awards as it deems necessary, in its sole discretion, to prevent dilution or enlargement of rights immediately resulting from the transaction. In the event of a stock split, a stock dividend or a combination or consolidation of the outstanding shares of common stock into a lesser number of shares, the authorization limits under the plan will automatically be adjusted proportionately and the shares then subject to each award will automatically be adjusted proportionately without any change in the aggregate purchase price.

Our board of directors may, in its sole discretion at any time, determine that all or a portion of a participant’s

 

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awards will become fully vested. Our board of directors may discriminate among participants or among awards in exercising its discretion. The restricted share plan will automatically expire on the tenth anniversary of the date on which it was approved by our board of directors and stockholders, unless extended or earlier terminated by the board of directors. Our board of directors may terminate the plan at any time. The expiration or other termination of the plan will not, without the participant’s consent, have an adverse impact on any award that is outstanding at the time the plan expires or is terminated. Our board of directors may amend the plan at any time, but no amendment will adversely affect any award without the participant’s consent and no amendment to the plan will be effective without the approval of our stockholders if such approval is required by any law, regulation or rule applicable to the plan.

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

We currently do not have a compensation committee of our board of directors because we do not plan to pay any compensation to our officers. There are no interlocks or insider participation as to compensation decisions required to be disclosed pursuant to SEC regulations.

 

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ITEM 7. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates and employees, some of whom serve as our executive officers and directors. These conflicts include (1) conflicts with respect to the allocation of the time of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their key personnel, (2) conflicts with respect to the allocation of investment opportunities and (3) conflicts related to the compensation arrangements between the Advisor, its affiliates and us. Our independent directors have an obligation to function on our behalf in all situations in which a conflict of interest may arise. All of our directors have a fiduciary obligation to act on behalf of our stockholders. We have adopted corporate governance measures to mitigate material conflict risk. Material conflicts and the corporate governance measures we have adopted to mitigate some of the risks associated with these conflicts are discussed below.

Interests of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and Their Affiliates in Other Real Estate Programs

We rely on the real estate professionals employed by, and acting on behalf of, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor to source and manage our investments. Certain members of the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s management teams are presently, and in the future intend to be, involved with a number of other real estate programs and activities. Existing funds that the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s management teams are involved with may directly compete with us for investment opportunities because the programs also may seek to provide investors with an attractive level of current income by means of stable distributions from investments in or related to real estate as an asset class.

The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates are not prohibited from engaging, directly or indirectly, in any other business or from possessing interests in any other business venture or ventures, including businesses and ventures involved in the acquisition, ownership, development, management, leasing or sale of real property or the origination, acquisition, ownership, management and disposition of real estate-related assets. None of the entities affiliated with the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor are prohibited from raising money for another entity that makes the same types of investments that we target, and we may co-invest with any such entity. Any such potential co-investment will be subject to approval by our independent directors.

Competition for Originating, Acquiring, Managing and Selling Investments

The Advisor has delegated to the Sub-Advisor the duty to identify, negotiate, originate and acquire our investments and to provide portfolio management, disposition, property management and leasing services for our assets on our behalf. We may compete with other programs that the Sub-Advisor or the Sub-Advisor’s affiliates may advise for opportunities to originate, acquire, manage or sell our targeted investments. As a result of this competition, certain investment opportunities may not be available to us.

If both we and one or more of such programs are interested in making an investment, the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates will determine which program is ultimately awarded the right to pursue the investment. The Sub-Advisor is responsible for facilitating the investment allocation process and could face conflicts of interest in doing so. Many investment opportunities that are suitable for us may also be suitable for another program managed or advised by the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates. The Sub-Advisor will be required to provide information to our board of directors to enable the board, including the independent directors, to determine whether such procedures are being fairly applied to us. If deemed necessary by the Sub-Advisor or requested by our board of directors, the Sub-Advisor will prepare written investment allocation guidelines regarding the allocation of investment opportunities between us and other programs managed or advised by the Sub-Advisor or its affiliates which will be subject to approval by the Advisor and our board of directors.

Our executive officers, certain of our directors and their affiliates also have, and may continue to, acquire or develop CRE-related assets for their own accounts. Furthermore, our executive officers, certain of our directors and their affiliates may form additional CRE-related investment programs in the future, whether public or private, which can be expected to have the same or similar investment objectives and targeted assets as we have, and such persons may be engaged in sponsoring one or more of such programs at approximately the same time as the Offering of our shares of common stock. The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, their employees and certain of their affiliates and related parties will experience conflicts of interest as they simultaneously perform investment services for us and other real estate programs that they sponsor or have involvement with.

 

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Allocation of Time of the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s Key Personnel

We rely on the personnel of the Advisor and its affiliates to manage our day-to-day activities, and we rely on the personnel of the Sub-Advisor to implement our investment strategy. Certain of our officers and non-independent directors are also employees of either the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor and certain of their affiliates, and these individuals are presently, and plan in the future to continue to be, involved with real estate programs and activities which are unrelated to us. As a result, these individuals may have conflicts of interest in allocating their time between us and other activities in which they are or may become involved. The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their employees will devote only as much of their time to our business as the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, in their respective judgment, determine is reasonably required, which, with respect to each individual, may be substantially less than full time. Therefore, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their employees may experience conflicts of interest in allocating management’s time and services among us and other real estate programs or business ventures that the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their affiliates manage. This could result in actions that are more favorable to other entities affiliated with the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor than to us. However, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor have assured us that they and their affiliates have, and will continue to have, sufficient personnel to discharge fully their responsibilities to all of the activities in which they are involved.

Receipt of Fees and Other Compensation by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor

The Advisory Agreement with the Advisor is not the result of arm’s-length negotiations. As a result, the fees we agree to pay pursuant to this agreement may exceed what we would pay to an independent third party. The Advisory Agreement has been approved by a majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable than those which could be obtained from unaffiliated entities.

The Advisor will receive substantial fees from us, and the Sub-Advisor will receive substantial fees from the Advisor. These compensation arrangements could influence the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s advice to us, as well as the judgment of the personnel of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor who serve as our officers or directors. Among other matters, the compensation arrangements could affect the judgment of the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s personnel with respect to:

 

    the continuation, renewal or enforcement of the Advisory Agreement, and the amounts we pay under such agreement;

 

    from and after the NAV Pricing Date, the advisory fee that we pay to the Advisor will be based upon the valuation of our investment portfolio as determined in connection with our determination of NAV, and the Advisor will have authority under certain circumstances to adjust the value of certain of our real estate-related assets in coordination with the Valuation Advisor;

 

    the Advisor could be motivated to recommend riskier or more speculative investments in order for us to generate the specified levels of performance that would entitle the Advisor to incentive compensation through the performance component of the advisory fee; and

 

    the decision to buy or sell an asset based on whether it will increase or decrease our NAV as opposed to whether it is the most suitable investment for our portfolio.

We will pay the advisory fee regardless of the quality of the services that the Advisor provides during the term of the Advisory Agreement. The Advisor, however, has a fiduciary duty to us. If the Advisor fails to act in our best interest, then it will have violated this duty. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated by us or the Advisor on 60 days’ notice.

Joint Venture and Co-ownership Arrangements with Affiliates

Subject to approval by our board of directors and the separate approval of our independent directors, we may enter into joint ventures, participations or other arrangements with affiliates of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor to acquire CRE debt and other CRE investments. In conjunction with any such arrangements, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates may have conflicts of interest in determining which of such entities should enter into

 

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any particular agreements. Our affiliated partners may have economic or business interests or goals which are or that may become inconsistent with our business interests or goals. In addition, should any such arrangements be consummated, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor may face a conflict in structuring the terms of the relationship between our interests and the interest of the affiliated partner, in managing the arrangement and in resolving any conflicts or exercising any rights in connection with the arrangements. Since the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor will make various decisions on our behalf, agreements and transactions between the Advisor’s and the Sub-Advisor’s affiliates and us as partners with respect to any such venture will not have the benefit of arm’s-length negotiations of the type normally conducted between unrelated parties. The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their affiliates may receive various fees for providing services to the joint venture, including but not limited to an advisory fee, with respect to the proportionate interest in the properties held by our joint venture partners.

In evaluating investments and other management strategies, the opportunity to earn these fees may lead the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor to place undue emphasis on criteria relating to its compensation at the expense of other criteria, such as preservation of capital, in order to achieve higher short-term compensation. We may enter into ventures with the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors or their affiliates for the acquisition of investments or co-investments, but only if: (i) a majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction approve the transaction as being fair and reasonable to us; and (ii) the investment by us and the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, such directors or such affiliate are on substantially the same terms and conditions. If we enter into a joint venture with any of our affiliates, the fees payable to the Advisor by us would be based on our share of the investment.

Certain Conflict Resolution Measures

Our charter contains many restrictions relating to conflicts of interest, including those described below.

Advisor Compensation

The independent directors will evaluate at least annually whether the compensation that we contract to pay to the Advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and whether such compensation is within the limits prescribed by our charter. The independent directors will supervise the performance of the Advisor and the compensation we pay to it to determine whether the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out.

Term of Advisory Agreement

The term of the Advisory Agreement will extend until one year from the commencement of our initial public offering, subject to renewals upon mutual consent of the parties, including an affirmative vote of a majority of our independent directors, for an unlimited number of successive one-year periods. It is the duty of our board of directors to evaluate the performance of the Advisor before renewing the Advisory Agreement. The criteria used in these evaluations will be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of our board of directors in which the evaluations occur. The Advisory Agreement may be terminated without cause or penalty by us upon a vote of a majority of the independent directors, or by the Advisor, in each case by providing no fewer than 60 days’ prior written notice to the other party.

Certain Transactions with Affiliates

In order to reduce the conflicts inherent in transactions with affiliates, our charter prohibits us from purchasing, selling or leasing assets from or to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing. In addition, we may not make any loans to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing. Our charter also prohibits us from investing in indebtedness secured by a mortgage on real property which is subordinate to any mortgage or equity interest of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors or any of our affiliates.

Our charter prohibits us from borrowing funds from the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing unless approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction as fair, competitive and commercially reasonable, and on terms not less favorable to us than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same or similar

 

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circumstances. This prohibition on loans will only apply to advances of cash that are commonly viewed as loans, as determined by the board of directors. By way of example only, the prohibition on loans would not restrict advances of cash for legal expenses or other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought, nor would the prohibition limit our ability to advance reimbursable expenses incurred by directors or officers, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or affiliates of any of the foregoing.

A majority of our directors, including a majority of the independent directors, not otherwise interested in the transaction, must conclude that all other transactions between us and the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, any of our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing are fair and reasonable to us and on terms and conditions not less favorable to us than those available from unaffiliated third parties.

Our charter prohibits us from paying a fee to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing in connection with our repurchase of our common stock.

The Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote their shares regarding (1) the removal of any of them or (2) any transaction between them and us. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors and their affiliates may not vote, any shares owned by them will not be included.

Director Independence

For information relating to our independent directors, see Item 5, “Directors and Executive Officers — Board of Directors” of this Form 10.

 

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ITEM 8. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We may become subject to various legal proceedings and claims that arise in the ordinary course of our business. These matters are generally covered by insurance or are subject to our right to be indemnified by the parties from whom we purchase our CRE investments. Management is not aware of any current or pending legal proceedings to which we or any of our subsidiaries are a party or to which any of our property is subject, nor are we aware of any such legal proceedings contemplated by government agencies.

 

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ITEM 9. MARKET PRICE OF AND DIVIDENDS ON THE REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Market Information

There is no established public trading market for our Class P shares, and we do not expect a public trading market to develop. There are no issued or outstanding options or warrants to purchase our Class P shares. As of April 25, 2017, there were 389,451 Class P shares issued and outstanding. Approximately 12 months after the commencement of the Offering, which occurred on October 25, 2016, we intend to offer one or more additional classes of shares of our common stock in a series of three-year public offerings such that we will offer shares of our common stock on a continuous basis for an indefinite period of time. We do not intend to list our Class P shares, any additional classes of shares of our common stock, for trading on an exchange or other trading market, and we intend to be a perpetual-life entity with no requirement to pursue a liquidity event by any date certain or at all.

Stockholders

As of April 25, 2017, there were 86 holders of shares of our Class P shares.

Distributions

We make cash distributions to our stockholders at such times as our board of directors shall determine. In order to remain qualified as a REIT, we will distribute at least 90% of our annual REIT taxable income (determined without regard to the dividends-paid deductions and excluding net capital gain) to our stockholders. It is anticipated that our board of directors will continue to authorize, and we will continue to declare and pay, distributions with a daily record date, paid monthly in arrears, on our Class P shares with an aggregate annual distribution of $1.92 per Class P share. It is anticipated that our board of directors will authorize, and we will declare and pay, distributions on the classes of shares sold in our public offerings at a lower annual distribution rate (calculated as a percentage of the price of the shares sold in such public offering) than the rate payable on the Class P shares sold in the Offering.

On December 1, 2016, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from December 5, 2016 through December 31, 2016, in an amount per share equal to 1/366 th of $1.92, and from January 1, 2017 through February 28, 2017, in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the December 2016 dates on January 3, 2017, with respect to the January 2017 dates on February 1, 2017 and with respect to the February 2017 dates on March 1, 2017.

On February 22, 2017, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from March 1, 2017 through May 31, 2017 in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the March 2017 dates on April 3, 2017 and are expected to be paid with respect to the April 2017 dates on or before May 6, 2017 and with respect to the May 2017 dates on or before June 6, 2017.

We intend to fund future distributions from cash generated by operations; however, we may fund distributions from borrowings, the sale of assets, or proceeds from the sale of our securities.

 

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ITEM 10. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES

On October 25, 2016, we commenced the Offering of up to $500,000,000 in our Class P shares. The Class P shares are being offered and sold pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”), in accordance with Rule 506(b) of Regulation D, and in compliance with any applicable state securities laws. During the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) to the date of this Form 10, we received and accepted investors’ subscriptions for and issued 389,451 Class P shares in the Offering resulting in gross offering proceeds of $10,007,500. As of April 25, 2017, $489,992,500 of Class P shares remained to be sold in the Offering.

On October 24, 2016 and November 17, 2016, respectively, the Advisor purchased 40 Class P shares for an aggregate price of $1,000 and 40,000 Class P shares for an aggregate price of $1 million. On November 17, 2016, Sound Point purchased 120,000 Class P shares for an aggregate price of $3 million. The Class P shares sold to the Advisor and Sub-Advisor were exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act pursuant to Section 4(a)(2) thereof.

Except as set forth above, we have not sold any securities which were not registered under the Securities Act during the previous three years.

 

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ITEM 11. DESCRIPTION OF REGISTRANT’S SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED

The following is a summary of the rights and preferences of our capital stock. We encourage you to read carefully this entire Form 10, our charter and bylaws, and the relevant provisions of Maryland law for a more complete understanding of our capital stock. Copies of our charter and bylaws are filed as exhibits to this Form 10 and the following summary, to the extent it relates to those documents, is qualified in its entirety by reference thereto.

Common Stock

Subject to the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock and except as may otherwise be specified in our charter, the holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters voted on by stockholders, including the election of our directors. Each holder of a share of common stock will vote together with the holders of all other shares of common stock entitled to vote on all matters (as to which a common stockholder is entitled to vote pursuant to applicable law) at all meetings of stockholders. Our charter does not provide for cumulative voting in the election of directors. Subject to any preferential rights of any outstanding series of preferred stock and the provisions of our charter regarding the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our stock, the holders of shares of our common stock are entitled to such distributions as may be authorized from time to time by our board of directors out of legally available funds and declared by us and, upon liquidation, are entitled to receive all assets available for distribution to stockholders. All shares of our common stock issued in the Offering will be fully paid and nonassessable shares of common stock. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have preemptive rights, which means that you will not have an option to purchase any new shares of common stock that we issue, or preference, conversion, exchange, sinking fund or redemption rights. Holders of shares of our common stock will not have appraisal rights, unless our board of directors determines that appraisal rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of our common stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which stockholders would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights. Stockholders are not liable for our acts or obligations.

We will not issue stock certificates unless expressly authorized by our board. Shares will be held in “uncertificated” form, which will eliminate the physical handling and safekeeping responsibilities inherent in owning transferable stock certificates and eliminate the need to return a duly executed stock certificate to the transfer agent to effect a transfer. Transfers can be effected by mailing to DST Systems, Inc. a duly executed transfer form available upon request from Inland Investor Services at (800) 826-8228. Upon the issuance of our shares and upon the request of a stockholder, we will send to each such stockholder a written statement which will include all information that is required to be written upon stock certificates under Maryland law.

Class P Shares

Each Class P share issued in the Offering is subject to a selling commission of up to 5% of the Transaction Price, a dealer manager fee of up to 3% of the Transaction Price and organization and offering expenses of up to 1.5% of the Transaction Price. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, the Transaction Price shall be $25.00, resulting in a maximum selling commission of $1.25 and a maximum dealer manager fee of $0.75 per Class P share. All selling commissions will be and a portion of the dealer manager fees may be reallowed to a participating dealer.

Rights Upon Liquidation

In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, or any distribution of our assets, the holder of each Class P share shall be entitled to be paid, out of our assets that are legally available for distribution, a liquidation preference equal to our NAV for all Class P shares divided by the number of Class P shares outstanding, or the NAV per Class P share. If upon the voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of our company, our available assets, or proceeds thereof, distributable among our stockholders are insufficient to pay these liquidation preferences, then such assets, or the proceeds thereof, will be distributed among the holders of each class of shares ratably in the same proportion as the respective amounts that would be payable on all such shares in each class if all amounts payable thereon were paid in full.

 

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Preferred Stock

Our charter authorizes our board of directors, without stockholder approval, to classify and reclassify any unissued shares of our common stock and preferred stock into other classes or series of stock. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, the board of directors is required by the Maryland General Corporation Law and by our charter to set, subject to our charter restrictions on transfer of our stock, the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series. Thus, the board of directors could authorize the issuance of shares of common stock or preferred stock with terms and conditions which could have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a transaction or change in control that might involve a premium price for holders of our common stock or otherwise be in their best interest. Our board of directors has no present plans to issue preferred stock, but may do so at any time in the future without stockholder approval. The issuance of preferred stock must be approved by a majority of our independent directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who will have access, at our expense, to our legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.

Meetings, Special Voting Requirements and Access to Records

An annual meeting of our stockholders will be held each year at our principal executive office or such other location convenient to stockholders, on a specific date which will be at least 30 days after delivery of our annual financial statements. Special meetings of stockholders may be called by a majority of our directors, a majority of our independent directors, our chairman of the board, our chief executive officer or our president and must be called by our secretary to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast at least 10% of the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at the meeting. The presence either in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of the votes entitled to be cast at the meeting on any matter will constitute a quorum. Generally, the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast is necessary to take stockholder action, except as described in the next paragraph and except that, following commencement of our initial public offering, the affirmative vote of a majority of the shares entitled to vote and represented in person or by proxy at a meeting at which a quorum is present is required to elect a director. Prior to the commencement of our initial public offering, a plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a director.

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, a Maryland corporation generally cannot dissolve, amend its charter, merge, convert, sell all or substantially all of its assets, engage in a share exchange or engage in similar transactions outside the ordinary course of business, unless declared advisable by the board of directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. However, a Maryland corporation may provide in its charter for approval of these matters by a lesser percentage, but not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Our charter provides for approval of these matters by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

From and after the commencement of our initial public offering, the Advisory Agreement must be approved annually by our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. While the stockholders do not have the ability to vote to replace the Advisor or to select its replacements, stockholders do have the ability, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directors, to remove a director from our board of directors.

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, any stockholder and any designated representative will be permitted access to the following corporate records: our charter, our bylaws, the minutes of the proceedings of our stockholders, our annual statements of affairs and voting trust agreements deposited with us. We will make any of these requested documents available at our principal office within seven days after receipt of a request; provided, however, that we will have up to 20 days to prepare and have available on file for inspection and copying certain requested statements of stock and securities issued. A requesting stockholder may inspect and copy any of these documents for a reasonable charge, upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours. In addition, we may require the stockholder to execute a confidentiality agreement prior to reviewing certain other corporate records relating to our proposed and existing investments. Inspection of our corporate records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction will be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours.

 

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In addition to the corporate records described above, we will maintain and make available for inspection by any stockholder or the stockholder’s designated agent at our office, an alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of our stockholders along with the number of shares of our stock held by each of them, as part of our books and records. The stockholder list will be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. A copy of the list will be mailed to any stockholder who requests the list within 10 days of the receipt of the request. A stockholder may request a copy of the stockholder list in connection with matters relating to voting rights and the exercise of stockholder rights under federal proxy laws. A stockholder requesting a list will be required to pay reasonable costs of postage and duplication. We have the right to request that a requesting stockholder represent to us that the list will not be used to pursue commercial interests. In addition to the foregoing, stockholders have rights under Rule 14a-7 under the Exchange Act, which provides that, upon the request of investors and the payment of the expenses of the distribution, we are required to distribute specific materials to stockholders in the context of the solicitation of proxies for voting on matters presented to stockholders or, at our option, provide requesting stockholders with a copy of the list of stockholders so that the requesting stockholders may make the distribution of proxies themselves. If a proper request for the stockholder list is not honored, then the requesting stockholder will be entitled to recover certain costs incurred in compelling the production of the list as well as actual damages suffered by reason of the refusal or failure to produce the list.

Restriction on Ownership of Shares of Capital Stock

For us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, no more than 50% in value of the outstanding shares of our stock may be owned, directly or indirectly through the application of certain attribution rules under the Internal Revenue Code, by any five or fewer individuals, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code to include specified entities, during the last half of any taxable year. In addition, the outstanding shares of our stock must be owned by 100 or more persons independent of us and each other during at least 335 days of a 12-month taxable year or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. These ownership tests do not apply in our first taxable year for which we elect to be taxed as a REIT. In addition, we must meet requirements regarding the nature of our gross income to maintain our REIT status. One of these requirements is that at least 75% of our gross income for each calendar year must consist of specified types of income, such as rents from real property and certain income from other real property investments. The rents received by our operating partnership from any tenant will not qualify as rents from real property, which could result in our loss of REIT status, if we own, actually or constructively within the meaning of certain provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, 10% or more of the ownership interests in that tenant. To assist us in preserving our status as a REIT, among other purposes, our charter contains limitations on the ownership and transfer of shares of common stock which prohibit (1) any person or entity from owning or acquiring, directly or indirectly, more than 9.8% of the value of our then outstanding capital stock or more than 9.8% of the value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive, of our then outstanding common stock and (2) any transfer of or other event or transaction with respect to shares of capital stock that would result in the beneficial ownership of our outstanding shares of capital stock by fewer than 100 persons. In addition, our charter prohibits any transfer of, or other event with respect to, shares of our capital stock that (1) would result in us being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code, (2) would cause us to own, actually or constructively, 9.9% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our real property or the real property of our operating partnership or any direct or indirect subsidiary of our operating partnership or (3) would otherwise cause us to fail to maintain our REIT status.

Our charter provides that the shares of our capital stock that, if transferred, would (1) result in a violation of the 9.8% ownership limits, (2) result in us being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Internal Revenue Code, (3) cause us to own 9.9% or more of the ownership interests in a tenant of our real property or the real property of our operating partnership or any direct or indirect subsidiary of our operating partnership or (4) otherwise cause us to fail to maintain our REIT status, will be transferred automatically to a trust for the benefit of a charitable beneficiary effective as of the close of business on the business day before the purported transfer of such shares of our capital stock. We will designate a trustee of the share trust that will not be affiliated with us or the purported transferee or record holder. We will also name a charitable organization as beneficiary of the share trust. The trustee will receive all dividends or other distributions on the shares of our capital stock in the share trust and will hold such dividends or other distributions in trust for the benefit of the beneficiary. The trustee also will vote the shares of capital stock in the share trust and, subject to Maryland law, will have the authority (1) to rescind as void any vote cast by the intended transferee prior to our discovery that the shares have been transferred to the share trust and (2) to recast the vote in accordance with the desires of the trustee acting for the benefit of the charitable

 

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beneficiary. However, if we have already taken irreversible corporate action, then the trustee will not have the authority to rescind and recast the vote. The intended transferee will acquire no rights in such shares of capital stock, unless, in the case of a transfer that would cause a violation of the 9.8% ownership limits, the transfer is exempted by the board of directors from the ownership limit (prospectively or retroactively) based upon receipt of information (including certain representations and undertakings from the intended transferee) establishing that such transfer would not violate the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code for our qualification as a REIT. In addition, our charter provides that any transfer of shares of our capital stock that would result in shares of our capital stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons will be null and void and the intended transferee will acquire no rights in such shares of our capital stock.

The trustee will transfer the shares of our capital stock to a person whose ownership of shares of our capital stock will not violate the ownership limits. The transfer will be within 20 days after the trustee receives notice from us that shares of our capital stock have been transferred to the share trust or the date we determine that a purported transfer of shares of stock has occurred. Upon any such transfer, the purported transferee or holder will receive the lesser of (1) the price paid by the purported transferee or holder for the shares or, if the purported transferee or holder did not give value for the shares in connection with the event causing the shares to be transferred to the share trust ( e.g. , a gift, devise or other similar transaction), the market price of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be transferred to the share trust and (2) the price received by the trustee from the sale or other disposition of the shares. The trustee may reduce the amount payable to the purported transferee or holder by the amount of dividends and other distributions which has been paid to the purported transferee or holder and is owed by the purported transferee or holder to the trustee. The charitable beneficiary will receive any excess amounts. If, prior to our discovery that shares of our capital stock have been transferred to the share trust, the shares are sold by the purported transferee or holder, then (1) the shares will be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the share trust and (2) to the extent that the purported transferee or holder received an amount for the shares that exceeds the amount such purported transferee or holder was entitled to receive, the excess must be paid to the trustee upon demand.

In addition, shares of our capital stock held in the share trust will be deemed to have been offered for sale to us, or our designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (1) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in the transfer to the share trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the market price at the time of the devise or gift) and (2) the market price on the date we, or our designee, accept the offer. We will have the right to accept the offer until the trustee has sold the shares. Upon a sale to us, the interest of the charitable beneficiary in the shares sold will terminate and the trustee will distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the purported transferee or holder. We may reduce the amount payable to the purported transferee or holder by the amount of dividends and other distributions which has been paid to the purported transferee or holder and is owed by the purported transferee or holder to the trustee. We may pay the amount of such reduction to the trustee for the benefit of the charitable beneficiary.

Any person who acquires or attempts to acquire shares of our capital stock in violation of the foregoing restrictions or who would have owned shares of our capital stock that were transferred to any such share trust is required to give written notice to us of such event as soon as reasonably practicable, and any person who proposes or attempts to transfer or receive shares of our capital stock subject to such limitations is required to give us 15 days prior written notice. In both cases, such persons must provide to us such other information as we may request to determine the effect, if any, of such event on our status as a REIT. The foregoing restrictions will continue to apply until the board of directors determines it is no longer in our best interest to continue to maintain our REIT status or that compliance is no longer required for REIT qualification.

The ownership limits do not apply to a person or persons that the board of directors exempts (prospectively or retroactively) from the applicable ownership limit upon the receipt of certain representations and undertakings and other appropriate assurances that our qualification as a REIT is not jeopardized. Any person who owns more than 5% (or such lower percentage applicable under the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, or the Treasury Regulations) of the outstanding shares of our capital stock during any taxable year will be asked to deliver a statement or affidavit setting forth the number of shares of our capital stock beneficially owned.

Distributions

We make cash distributions to our stockholders at such times as our board of directors shall determine. It is anticipated that our board of directors will continue to authorize, and we will continue to declare and pay,

 

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distributions with a daily record date, paid monthly in arrears, on our Class P shares. We expect the amount of the aggregate annual distribution will be $1.92 per Class P share, although there is no requirement that our board of directors authorize any specific distribution rate, and the amounts declared and paid, if any, may vary from time to time. It is anticipated that our board of directors will authorize, and we will declare and pay, distributions on the classes of shares sold in our public offerings at a lower annual distribution rate (calculated as a percentage of the price of the shares sold in such public offering) than the rate payable on the Class P shares sold in the Offering.

On December 1, 2016, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from December 5, 2016 through December 31, 2016, in an amount per share equal to 1/366 th of $1.92, and from January 1, 2017 through February 28, 2017, in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the December 2016 dates on January 3, 2017, with respect to the January 2017 dates on February 1, 2017 and with respect to the February 2017 dates on March 1, 2017.

On February 22, 2017, our board of directors declared cash distributions payable to our stockholders of record on each calendar day from March 1, 2017 through May 31, 2017 in an amount per share equal to 1/365 th of $1.92. Such cash distributions were paid with respect to the March 2017 dates on April 3, 2017 and are expected to be paid with respect to the April 2017 dates on or before May 6, 2017 and with respect to the May 2017 dates on or before June 6, 2017.

We are required to make distributions sufficient to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes. Generally, income distributed will not be taxable to us under the Internal Revenue Code if we distribute at least 90% of our taxable income each year, determined without regard to the distributions-paid deduction and excluding net capital gains. Distributions will be authorized at the discretion of our board of directors, in accordance with our earnings, cash flow and general financial condition. Our board of directors’ discretion will be directed, in substantial part, by its obligation to cause us to comply with the REIT requirements. Because we may receive income from interest or rents at various times during our fiscal year, distributions may not reflect our income earned in that particular distribution period and may be made in advance of actual receipt of funds in an attempt to make distributions relatively uniform. We are authorized to borrow money, issue new securities or sell assets to make distributions. There are no restrictions on the ability of our operating partnership to transfer funds to us.

We are not prohibited from paying stock dividends or distributing other securities in lieu of making cash distributions to stockholders, provided that such other securities distributed to stockholders are readily marketable. The receipt of marketable securities in lieu of cash distributions may cause stockholders to incur transaction expenses in liquidating the securities. We do not have any current intention to list the shares of our common stock on a national securities exchange, nor is it expected that a public market for the shares of common stock will develop.

We may pay distributions from any source, including, without limitation, cash flow from operations, the sale of assets, borrowings, the net proceeds from our offerings, the issuance of additional securities, and the deferral of fees and expense reimbursements by the Advisor in its discretion. If we fund distributions from financings or the net proceeds from our offerings, we will have fewer funds available for investment in our targeted assets. We expect that our cash flow from operations available for distribution will be lower in the initial stages of the Offering until we have raised significant capital and made substantial investments. Further, because we may receive income at various times during our fiscal year and because we may need cash flow from operations during a particular period to fund expenses, we expect that during the early stages of our operations and from time to time thereafter, we may declare distributions in anticipation of cash flow that we expect to receive during a later period and these distributions would be paid in advance of our actual receipt of these funds. In these instances, we expect to look to third-party borrowings to fund our distributions. We make certain payments to the Advisor, participating dealers and the Dealer Manager for services provided to us in connection with the selection and acquisition of our investments, the management of our assets, certain administrative services and the distribution of our shares, some of which are based on performance. Such payments, including advisory fees, dealer manager fees, distribution fees and expense reimbursements, will reduce the amount of cash available for distributions. Finally, payments to fulfill repurchase requests under our repurchase program will also reduce funds available for distribution to remaining stockholders. However, our board of directors may modify or suspend our repurchase program if it deems such modification or suspension to be in the best interests of our stockholders, which may include the preservation of funds to pay distributions.

 

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Share Repurchase Program

While you should view your investment as long term and with limited liquidity, we have adopted a share repurchase program to allow stockholders to request that we repurchase all or any portion of their shares. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, to request repurchase, the stockholder must submit a repurchase request within one year after the death or qualifying disability of the stockholder. If persons are joint registered holders of Class P shares, the request to repurchase the Class P shares may be made if either of the registered holders dies or becomes disabled. If the stockholder is not a natural person, such as a partnership, corporation or other similar entity, the right to request a share repurchase prior to the NAV Pricing Date does not apply.

Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, holders of our Class P shares will be able to have their shares repurchased under our share repurchase program only in the case of death or disability at a price of $25.00 per Class P share. We expect that following the NAV Pricing Date, holders of Class P shares who have owned their shares continuously for at least one year will be able to have their shares repurchased on a monthly basis at a price equal to our most recently determined NAV per Class P share on the date the repurchase request is processed. Following the NAV Pricing Date, the total amount of all classes of shares that we will repurchase in any calendar quarter will be capped at 5% of the total NAV as of the end of the prior calendar quarter. Prior to the NAV Pricing Date, we will seek, and we expect to obtain, from the SEC a no-action relief letter from the SEC’s tender offer rules for our share repurchase program.

In the case of repurchases upon the death of a stockholder, we may repurchase Class P shares upon the death of a stockholder who is a natural person, including shares held by the stockholder through a trust, or an IRA or other retirement or profit-sharing plan, after receiving a written request from: (1) the estate of the beneficial owner; (2) the recipient of the shares through bequest or inheritance, regardless of whether the recipient subsequently registered the shares in his or her own name; or (3) in the case of the death of a beneficial owner who purchased shares and held those shares through a trust, the beneficiary of the trust, regardless of whether the beneficiary subsequently registered the shares in his or her own name, or, with respect to a revocable grantor trust, the trustee of that trust.

In order for a disability to entitle a stockholder to qualify for repurchase upon a disability (i.e., to be a “qualifying disability”): (1) the stockholder would have to receive a determination of disability arising after the date the stockholder acquired the Class P shares to be repurchased; and (2) the determination of disability would have to be made by the governmental agency responsible for reviewing the disability retirement benefits that the stockholder could be eligible to receive (the “applicable governmental agency”). The applicable governmental agency is limited as follows: (a) if the stockholder paid Social Security taxes and, therefore, could be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Social Security Administration or the agency charged with responsibility for administering Social Security disability benefits at that time if other than the Social Security Administration; (b) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security taxes and, therefore, could not be eligible to receive Social Security disability benefits, but the stockholder could be eligible to receive disability benefits under the Civil Service Retirement System, or CSRS, then the applicable governmental agency would be the U.S. Office of Personnel Management or the agency charged with responsibility for administering CSRS benefits at that time if other than the Office of Personnel Management; or (c) if the stockholder did not pay Social Security taxes and therefore could not be eligible to receive Social Security benefits but suffered a disability that resulted in the stockholder’s discharge from military service under conditions that were other than dishonorable and, therefore, could be eligible to receive military disability benefits, then the applicable governmental agency would be the Department of Veterans Affairs or the agency charged with the responsibility for administering military disability benefits at that time if other than the Department of Veterans Affairs.

Disability determinations by governmental agencies for purposes other than those listed above, including but not limited to worker’s compensation insurance, administration or enforcement of the Rehabilitation Act or Americans with Disabilities Act, or waiver of insurance premiums, would not entitle a stockholder to qualify for a repurchase. Repurchase requests following an award by the applicable governmental agency of disability benefits would have to be accompanied by: (1) the stockholder’s initial application for disability benefits; and (2) a Social Security Administration Notice of Award, a U.S. Office of Personnel Management determination of disability under CSRS, a Department of Veterans Affairs record of disability-related discharge or such other documentation issued by the applicable governmental agency that we would deem acceptable and would demonstrate an award of the disability benefits.

 

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We understand that the following disabilities do not entitle a worker to Social Security disability benefits:

 

    disabilities occurring after the legal retirement age; and

 

    disabilities that do not render a worker incapable of performing substantial gainful activity.

Therefore, such disabilities would not entitle a stockholder to qualify for a repurchase, except in the limited circumstances when the stockholder would be awarded disability benefits by the other applicable governmental agencies described above.

The repurchase request form may be obtained by calling Inland Investor Services at (800) 826-8228. The request must state the name of the person/entity who owns the shares and the number of shares to be repurchased, and must be properly executed. In the case of a request for a repurchase upon the death of a stockholder, the request also must include evidence of the death of the stockholder (which includes the date of death). In the case of a request in connection with a disability, the request also must include both the stockholder’s initial application for disability benefits and documentation issued by the applicable governmental agency demonstrating an award of the disability benefits. The stockholder must notify us in writing if the stockholder wishes to withdraw a pending request to have shares repurchased. We will not repurchase that stockholder’s shares so long as we receive the written request to withdraw at least five days prior to the repurchase date. We will effect all repurchases on the last business day of the calendar month or any other business day that may be established by the board of directors. Following the repurchase, we will send the requesting party the cash proceeds of the repurchase.

All shares requested to be repurchased must be beneficially owned by the stockholder of record making the request, or the party presenting the shares must be authorized to do so by the owner of record of the shares or as otherwise described herein. Further, the program is only available to those stockholders who purchased their shares from us or received the shares through a non-cash transaction, not in the secondary market. All shares presented for repurchase must be fully transferable and not subject to any liens or encumbrances, and in certain cases, we may ask the requesting party to provide evidence satisfactory to us that the shares requested for repurchase are not subject to any liens or encumbrances. If we determine that a lien exists against the shares, we will not be obligated to repurchase any shares subject to the lien.

The share repurchase program will immediately terminate if our shares are listed on any national securities exchange or if we enter into a merger or other business combination which results in our stockholders receiving shares of another entity that are listed on a national securities exchange. In addition, our board of directors, in its sole discretion, may amend, suspend (in whole or in part), or terminate our share repurchase program. In the event that we amend, suspend or terminate the share repurchase program, however, we will send stockholders notice of the change at least 10 days prior to the change. Further, our board reserves the right in its sole discretion at any time and from time to time to reject any requests for repurchases.

Shares we purchase under the share repurchase program will be canceled and will have the status of authorized but unissued shares. The repurchased shares will not be reissued unless they are first registered with the SEC under the Securities Act and under appropriate state securities laws or otherwise issued in compliance with exemptions from the registration provisions contained in these laws.

We may appoint a repurchase agent to effect all repurchases of shares and to disburse funds to the stockholders in accordance with the share repurchase program. The repurchase agent will perform all recordkeeping and administrative functions involved in the program, and we will bear all costs involved in organizing, administering and maintaining the program. No fees will be paid to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, our directors or affiliates of any of the foregoing in connection with the repurchase of shares by us pursuant to the share repurchase program.

Business Combinations

Under the Maryland General Corporation Law, business combinations between a Maryland corporation and an interested stockholder or the interested stockholder’s affiliate are prohibited for five years after the most recent date on which the stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. For this purpose, the term “business combinations” includes mergers, consolidations, share exchanges or, in circumstances specified in the Maryland General Corporation Law, asset transfers and issuances or reclassifications of equity securities. An “interested stockholder” is defined for this purpose as (1) any person who beneficially owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the voting power of the corporation’s outstanding voting stock; or (2) an affiliate or associate of the corporation who, at any

 

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time within the two-year period prior to the date in question, was the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of 10% or more of the voting power of the then outstanding stock of the corporation. A person is not an interested stockholder under the Maryland General Corporation Law if the board of directors approved in advance the transaction by which he otherwise would have become an interested stockholder. However, in approving the transaction, the board of directors may provide that its approval is subject to compliance, at or after the time of approval, with any terms and conditions determined by the board of directors.

After the five-year prohibition, any business combination between the corporation and an interested stockholder generally must be recommended by the board of directors of the corporation and approved by the affirmative vote of at least (1) 80% of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of outstanding shares of voting stock of the corporation, voting together as a single voting group, and (2) two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast by holders of voting stock of the corporation other than shares of stock held by the interested stockholder or its affiliate with whom the business combination is to be effected or held by an affiliate or associate of the interested stockholder, voting together as a single voting group.

These super-majority vote requirements do not apply if the corporation’s common stockholders receive a minimum price, as defined under the Maryland General Corporation Law, for their shares of common stock in the form of cash or other consideration in the same form as previously paid by the interested stockholder for its shares of common stock.

None of these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law will apply, however, to business combinations that are approved or exempted by the board of directors of the corporation prior to the time that the interested stockholder becomes an interested stockholder. Pursuant to the business combination statute, our board of directors has exempted any business combination involving us and any person, provided that such business combination is first approved by a majority of our board of directors, including a majority of our independent directors. Consequently, the five-year prohibition and the super-majority vote requirements may not apply to business combinations between us and any person. As a result, any person may be able to enter into business combinations with us that may not be in the best interest of our stockholders, without compliance with the super-majority vote requirements and other provisions of the statute.

Should our board of directors opt into the business combination statute or otherwise fail to first approve a business combination, it may discourage others from trying to acquire control of us and increase the difficulty of consummating any offer.

Control Share Acquisitions

The Maryland General Corporation Law provides that control shares of a Maryland corporation acquired in a control share acquisition have no voting rights except to the extent approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast two-thirds of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Shares of common stock owned by the acquirer, by officers or by employees who are directors of the corporation are not entitled to vote on the matter. “Control shares” are voting shares of stock which, if aggregated with all other shares of stock owned by the acquirer or with respect to which the acquirer has the right to vote or to direct the voting of, other than solely by virtue of revocable proxy, would entitle the acquirer to exercise voting power in electing directors within one of the following ranges of voting powers:

 

    one-tenth or more but less than one-third;

 

    one-third or more but less than a majority; or

 

    a majority or more of all voting power.

Control shares do not include shares of stock the acquiring person is then entitled to vote as a result of having previously obtained stockholder approval. Except as otherwise specified in the statute, a “control share acquisition” means the acquisition of issued and outstanding control shares. Once a person who has made or proposes to make a control share acquisition has undertaken to pay expenses and has satisfied other required conditions, the person may compel the board of directors to call a special meeting of stockholders to be held within 50 days of demand to consider the voting rights of the shares of stock. If no request for a meeting is made, the corporation may itself

 

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present the question at any stockholders meeting. If voting rights are not approved for the control shares at the meeting or if the acquiring person does not deliver an “acquiring person statement” for the control shares as required by the statute, the corporation may repurchase any or all of the control shares for their fair value, except for control shares for which voting rights have previously been approved. Fair value is to be determined for this purpose without regard to the absence of voting rights for the control shares, and is to be determined as of the date of any meeting of stockholders at which the voting rights for control shares are considered and not approved or, if no such meeting is held, as of the date of the last control share acquisition.

If voting rights for control shares are approved at a stockholders’ meeting and the acquirer becomes entitled to vote a majority of the shares of stock entitled to vote, all other stockholders may exercise appraisal rights. The fair value of the shares of stock as determined for purposes of these appraisal rights may not be less than the highest price per share paid in the control share acquisition. Some of the limitations and restrictions otherwise applicable to the exercise of dissenters’ rights do not apply in the context of a control share acquisition.

The control share acquisition statute does not apply to shares of stock acquired in a merger or consolidation or share exchange if the corporation is a party to the transaction or to acquisitions approved or exempted by the charter or bylaws of the corporation. As permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law, we have provided in our bylaws that the control share provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law will not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of our stock, but the board of directors retains the discretion to change this provision at any time in the future.

Unsolicited Takeover Statutes

Subtitle 8 of Title 3 of the Maryland General Corporation Law permits a Maryland corporation with a class of equity securities registered under the Exchange Act and at least three independent directors to elect to be subject, without a stockholder vote, by provision in its charter or bylaws or a resolution of its board of directors and notwithstanding any contrary provision in the charter or bylaws, to any or all of five provisions:

 

    a classified board;

 

    requiring two-thirds stockholder vote for removing a director;

 

    requiring that the number of directors be fixed only by vote of the board of directors;

 

    requiring that a vacancy on the board be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the class of directors in which the vacancy occurred; and

 

    a majority requirement for the calling of a special meeting of stockholders.

Pursuant to Subtitle 8, we have elected to provide that, at such time as we are eligible to make a Subtitle 8 election and except as may be provided by our board of directors in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, vacancies on our board of directors be filled only by the remaining directors and for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred. Through provisions in our charter and bylaws unrelated to Subtitle 8, we vest in the board the exclusive power to fix the number of directors, provided that the number is not fewer than five.

Anti-Takeover Effect of Certain Provisions of Maryland Law and of Our Charter and Bylaws

Our charter and bylaws and Maryland law contain provisions that may delay, defer or prevent a change of control or other transaction that might involve a premium price for our common stock or otherwise be in the best interest of our stockholders, including the power of our board to issue additional shares of our common stock, the restrictions on ownership and transfer of our shares, advance notice requirements for director nominations and stockholder proposals and the application of the Maryland business combination provisions. Likewise, if the provision in the bylaws opting out of the control share acquisition provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law were rescinded, these provisions of the Maryland General Corporation Law could have similar anti-takeover effects.

 

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Restrictions on Roll-Up Transactions

In accordance with our charter, in connection with any proposed transaction considered a “roll-up transaction” (as defined below) involving us and the issuance of securities of an entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of the roll-up transaction, an appraisal of all of our assets shall be obtained from a competent independent appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus or similar document used to offer the securities of a roll-up entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed roll-up transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a 12-month period. The terms of the engagement of the independent appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for our benefit and the benefit of our stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to stockholders in connection with any proposed roll-up transaction.

A “roll-up transaction” is a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, of us and the issuance of securities of another entity, or a roll-up entity, that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of such transaction. The term roll-up transaction does not include:

 

    a transaction involving securities that have been for at least 12 months listed on a national securities exchange; or

 

    a transaction involving our conversion to a corporate, trust, or association form if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following: common stockholder voting rights; the term of our existence; compensation to the Advisor; or our investment objectives.

In connection with a proposed roll-up transaction, the person sponsoring the roll-up transaction must offer to common stockholders who vote “no” on the proposal the choice of:

 

    accepting the securities of a roll-up entity offered in the proposed roll-up transaction;

 

    remaining as holders of shares of our common stock and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or

 

    receiving cash in an amount equal to the stockholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of our net assets.

We are prohibited from participating in any proposed roll-up transaction:

 

    that would result in the common stockholders having democracy rights in a roll-up entity that are less than those provided in our charter, including rights with respect to the election and removal of directors, annual and special meetings, amendment of our charter and our dissolution;

 

    that includes provisions that would operate to materially impede or frustrate the accumulation of shares by any purchaser of the securities of the roll-up entity, except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the roll-up entity, or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the roll-up entity on the basis of the number of shares held by that investor;

 

    in which investor’s rights to access of records of the roll-up entity will be less than those provided in Item 11 of this Form 10, “Description of Registrant’s Securities to be Registered;” or

 

    in which any of the costs of the roll-up transaction would be borne by us if the roll-up transaction is rejected by our common stockholders.

 

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Tender Offers

Our charter provides that any tender offer made by any person, including any “mini-tender” offer, must comply with the provisions of Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including the notice and disclosure requirements. Among other things, the offeror must provide us notice of such tender offer at least ten business days before initiating the tender offer. No stockholder may transfer shares held by such stockholder to a person who initiates a non-compliant tender offer unless such stockholder has first offered such shares to us at the tender offer price offered in the non-compliant tender offer. In addition, the non-complying offeror will be responsible for all of our expenses in connection with that offeror’s noncompliance.

Advance Notice of Director Nominations and New Business

Our bylaws provide that with respect to an annual meeting of stockholders, nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by stockholders may be made only (1) pursuant to our notice of the meeting, (2) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (3) by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on any such other business and who has complied with the advance notice procedures of the bylaws. With respect to special meetings of stockholders, only the business specified in our notice of the meeting may be brought before the meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the board of directors at a special meeting may be made only (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors, (2) by a stockholder that has requested that a special meeting be called for the purpose of electing directors in compliance with our bylaws or (3) provided that the special meeting has been called by a majority of our board of directors, a majority of the independent directors, the chief executive officer, the president or the chairman of the board for the purpose of electing directors, by a stockholder who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by our board of directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, at the time of giving the advance notice required by the bylaws and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the advance notice provisions of the bylaws.

 

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ITEM 12. INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS

Subject to certain limitations, our charter limits the personal liability of our stockholders, directors and officers for monetary damages and provides that we will generally indemnify and pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to our directors, officers, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and affiliates of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor. In addition, we maintain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

The MGCL permits a Maryland corporation to include in its charter a provision limiting the liability of its directors and officers to the corporation and its stockholders for money damages, except for liability resulting from: (i) actual receipt of an improper benefit or profit in money, property or services; or (ii) active and deliberate dishonesty established by a final judgment and which is material to the cause of action.

The MGCL requires us (unless our charter provides otherwise, which our charter does not) to indemnify a director or officer who has been successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of any proceeding to which he or she is made or threatened to be made a party by reason of his or her service in that capacity. The MGCL permits us to indemnify our present and former directors and officers, among others, against judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and reasonable expenses actually incurred by them in connection with any proceeding to which they may be made or threatened to be made a party by reason of their service in those or other capacities unless it is established that:

 

    an act or omission of the director or officer was material to the matter giving rise to the proceeding and was committed in bad faith or was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty;

 

    the director or officer actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services; or

 

    with respect to any criminal proceeding, the director or officer had reasonable cause to believe his act or omission was unlawful.

A court may order indemnification if it determines that the director or officer is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification, even though the director or officer did not meet the prescribed standard of conduct or was adjudged liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received. However, indemnification for an adverse judgment in a suit by the corporation or in its right, or for a judgment of liability on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received, is limited to expenses.

The MGCL permits a corporation to advance reasonable expenses to a director or officer upon receipt of: (i) a written affirmation by the director or officer of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification; and (ii) a written undertaking by him or her or on his or her behalf to repay the amount paid or reimbursed if it is ultimately determined that the standard of conduct was not met.

However, our charter provides that, following the commencement of our initial public offering, we may only indemnify our directors or the Advisor and its affiliates for loss or liability suffered by them or hold them harmless for loss or liability suffered by us if all of the following conditions are met:

 

    the party seeking indemnification or to be held harmless has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in our best interests;

 

    the party seeking indemnification or to be held harmless was acting on our behalf or performing services for us;

 

    in the case of affiliated directors and the Advisor or its affiliates, the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct;

 

    in the case of our independent directors, the liability or loss was not the result of gross negligence or willful misconduct; and

 

    the indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of our net assets and not from our stockholders.

 

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We have also agreed to indemnify and hold harmless the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates performing services for us from specific claims and liabilities arising out of the performance of their obligations under the Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement subject to the limitations set forth immediately above. As a result, we and our stockholders may be entitled to a more limited right of action than we would otherwise have if these indemnification rights were not included in the Advisory Agreement or the Sub-Advisory Agreement.

The general effect to investors of any arrangement under which any of our controlling persons, directors or officers are insured or indemnified against liability is a potential reduction in distributions resulting from our payment of premiums associated with insurance or any indemnification for which we do not have adequate insurance.

The SEC takes the position that indemnification against liabilities arising under the Securities Act is against public policy and unenforceable. Indemnification of our directors, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their affiliates will not be allowed for liabilities arising from or out of an alleged violation of state or federal securities laws, unless one or more of the following conditions are met:

 

    there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations;

 

    such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or

 

    a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which the securities were offered as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.

Following the commencement of our initial public offering, we may advance funds to our directors, the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their affiliates for reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred as a result of legal action for which indemnification is being sought only if all of the following conditions are met:

 

    the legal action relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of us;

 

    the party seeking indemnification has provided us with written affirmation of his or her good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification;

 

    the legal action is initiated by a third-party who is not a stockholder or the legal action is initiated by a stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such and a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement; and

 

    the party seeking indemnification provides us with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by us, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, in cases in which he or she is found not to be entitled to indemnification.

Indemnification may reduce the legal remedies available to us and our stockholders against the indemnified individuals. The aforementioned charter provisions do not reduce the exposure of directors and officers, following the commencement of our initial public offering, to liability under federal or state securities laws, nor do they limit a stockholder’s ability to obtain injunctive relief or other equitable remedies for a violation of a director’s or an officer’s duties to us or our stockholders, although the equitable remedies may not be an effective remedy in some circumstances.

 

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ITEM 13. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

See “Index to Financial Statements” on page F-1 of this Form 10.

 

ITEM 14. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

ITEM 15. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND EXHIBITS

Financial Statements

See “Index to Financial Statements” on page F-1 of this Form 10.

Exhibits

 

Exhibit No.

  

Description

  3.1*    Articles of Amendment and Restatement of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.
  3.2*    Bylaws of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.
10.1*    Advisory Agreement dated October 25, 2016, by and between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. and Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC
10.2*    Sub-Advisory Agreement dated October 25, 2016, by and between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. and SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC
10.3*    Independent Director Restricted Share Plan, effective October 25, 2016
10.4*    Form of Indemnification Agreement, between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. and each of its officers and directors
21.1*    List of Subsidiaries of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

 

* Filed herewith.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

   

INPOINT COMMERICAL REAL ESTATE

INCOME, INC.

Date:         5/1/17                             By:   /s/ Mitchell Sabshon
      Name:   Mitchell Sabshon
      Title:   Chief Executive Officer and Chairman


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Index to Financial Statements

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

DECEMBER 31, 2016

   Page  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-2  

Consolidated Balance Sheet

     F-3  

Consolidated Statement of Operations

     F-4  

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity

     F-5  

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

     F-6  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-7  

MARCH 31, 2017 (unaudited)

  

Consolidated Balance Sheets (unaudited)

     F-14  

Consolidated Statements of Operations (unaudited)

     F-15  

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity (unaudited)

     F-16  

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

     F-17  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (unaudited)

     F-18  

 

F-1


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Index to Financial Statements

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. as of December 31, 2016, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. as of December 31, 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

/s/ KPMG LLP

Chicago, Illinois

April 26, 2017

 

F-2


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INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SH EET

December 31, 2016

 

ASSETS

 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 511,854  

Real estate securities at fair value

     5,433,480  

Accrued interest receivable

     13,652  

Deferred offering costs

     967,448  
  

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 6,926,434  
  

 

 

 

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

  

Liabilities:

  

Distributions payable

     33,230  

Accrued expenses

     19,167  

Due to related parties

     995,716  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     1,048,113  

Stockholders’ Equity:

  

Class P common stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 237,700 shares issued and outstanding

     238  

Additional paid in capital (net of offering costs of $0.00)

     5,942,262  

Distributions in excess of earnings

     (64,179
  

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     5,878,321  
  

 

 

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 6,926,434  
  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-3


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INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STA TEMENT OF OPERATIONS

For the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016

 

Income:

 

Interest income

   $ 21,998  

Less: Interest expense

     —    
  

 

 

 

Net interest income

     21,998  

Expenses:

  

Administration expense

     19,167  

Directors compensation

     20,750  

Other expenses

     7,791  
  

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     47,708  

Other loss:

  

Unrealized loss in value of real estate securities

     (5,239
  

 

 

 

Total other loss

     (5,239

Net loss

   $ (30,949
  

 

 

 

Net loss per share basic and diluted

   $ (0.22

Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     142,443  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-4


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INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEME NT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

For the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016

 

     Common Stock                      
     Number
of Shares
     Par
Value
     Additional
Paid in
Capital
     Distributions in
Excess of
Earnings
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance as of September 13, 2016 (inception)

     —          —          —          —         —    

Proceeds from offering

     237,700        238        5,942,262        —         5,942,500  

Net loss

     —          —          —          (30,949     (30,949

Distributions declared

     —          —          —          (33,230     (33,230
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of December 31, 2016

     237,700      $ 238      $ 5,942,262      $ (64,179   $ 5,878,321  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED S TATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

For the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016

 

Cash flows from operating activities

 

Net loss

     (30,949

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to cash provided by operations:

  

Net unrealized loss on real estate securities

     5,239  

Amortization of bond premium

     1,781  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

  

Accrued interest receivable

     (13,652

Deferred offering costs

     (967,448

Accrued expenses

     19,167  

Due to related parties

     995,716  
  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 9,854  
  

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

  

Purchase of real estate securities

     (5,440,500
  

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (5,440,500
  

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

  

Proceeds from offering

     5,942,500  
  

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 5,942,500  
  

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     511,854  

Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period

     —    
  

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents end of period

   $ 511,854  
  

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

  

Deferred offering costs

   $ 967,448  
  

 

 

 

Accrued offering expenses, included in due to related parties

   $ 967,448  
  

 

 

 

Distributions declared but not yet paid

   $ 33,230  
  

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

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InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

December 31, 2016

Note 1 – Organization and Business Operations

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Maryland on September 13, 2016 to originate, acquire and manage a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate, (“CRE”), investments primarily comprised of (i) CRE debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans and (ii) CRE securities, such as commercial mortgage-backed securities, (“CMBS”), senior unsecured debt of publicly traded real estate investment trusts, (“REIT”), and collateralized debt obligation notes, (“CDO”) notes. The Company may also invest in select equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties. Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “OP”), a Delaware limited partnership. The Company is the sole general partner and directly or indirectly holds all of the units of limited partner interests in the OP.

The Company is externally managed by Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC, (the “Advisor”), a Delaware limited liability company formed in August 2016 that is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Inland Real Estate Investment Corporation, (“IREIC”), a member of The Inland Real Estate Group of Companies, Inc., (“Inland”). The Advisor is responsible for coordinating the management of the day-to-day operations and, through SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC (the “Sub-advisor), originating, acquiring and managing the Company’s CRE investment portfolio, subject to the supervision of the Company’s board of directors. The Advisor performs its duties and responsibilities as the Company’s fiduciary pursuant to an advisory agreement.

Pursuant to the sub-advisory agreement between the Advisor and the Sub-advisor, the Advisor has delegated certain of its duties to the Sub-advisor, a Delaware limited liability company formed in September 2016 that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sound Point CRE Management, LP, an affiliate of Sound Point Capital Management, LP. Among other duties, the Sub-advisor has the authority to identify, negotiate, acquire and originate the Company’s investments and provide portfolio management, disposition, property management and leasing services on behalf of the Company. Notwithstanding such delegation to the Sub-advisor or affiliates of the Sub-advisor or Advisor, the Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all the matters entrusted to it under an advisory agreement.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related footnotes have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company consolidates all entities that the Company controls through either majority ownership or voting rights. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the OP. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In determining whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, management considers factors such as ownership interest, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the other partners or members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company has determined the OP is a VIE of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are held by the OP.

 

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Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include funds on deposit with financial institutions, including demand deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less. The account balance may periodically exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance coverage and, as a result, there could be a concentration of credit risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. The Company believes that the risk will not be significant, as the Company does not anticipate the financial institutions’ non-performance.

Real Estate Securities at Fair Value

The Company’s real estate securities are comprised of Commercial Mortgage Backed Securities (“CMBS”) and are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Investments — Debt and Equity Securities (ASC 320). The Company has chosen to make a fair value option election pursuant to ASC 825 for its securities and, therefore, its investment securities are recorded at fair market value on the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic changes in fair market value are recorded in current period earnings on the consolidated statement of operations as a component of net unrealized gain (loss) on investments. These investments generally meet the requirements to be classified as available-for-sale under ASC 320, which requires the securities to be carried at fair value on the balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded to other comprehensive income on the Company’s statement of shareholders’ equity. Electing the fair value option permits the Company to record changes in fair value of its investments in the consolidated statements of operations which, in management’s view, more appropriately reflects the results of operations for a particular reporting period.

The Company records its transactions in securities on a trade date basis and recognizes realized gains and losses on securities transactions on an identified cost basis.

Interest Income

Interest income on CMBS, which includes accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on such CMBS, is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. Management estimates, at the time of purchase, the future expected cash flows and determines the effective interest rate based on these estimated cash flows and the Company’s purchase price. As needed, these estimated cash flows are updated and a revised yield is computed based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, management must use its judgment to estimate interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying mortgage loans. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact management’s estimates and its interest income.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company estimates fair value using available market information and valuation methodologies it believes to be appropriate for these purposes. The Company defines fair value based on the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which are described below:

 

    Level I – Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

    Level II – Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.

 

    Level III – Unobservable inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

 

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Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the above hierarchy requires judgment and factors specific to the asset or liability. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter and depending on various factors, it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from quarter to quarter.

CMBS are valued utilizing both observable and unobservable market inputs. These factors include projected future cash flows, ratings, subordination levels, vintage, remaining lives, credit issues, recent trades of similar real estate securities and the spreads used in the prior valuation. The Company obtains current market spread information where available and uses this information in evaluating and validating the market price of all real CMBS. Depending upon the significance of the fair value inputs used in determining these fair values, these real estate securities are classified in either Level II or Level III of the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2016, the Company received third party quotes on each CMBS investment used in determining the fair value and have been classified as Level II due to the observable nature of all significant inputs.

Offering and Organization Costs

On October 25, 2016, the Company commenced a private offering (the “Offering”) of up to $500,000,000 in Class P shares of common stock, pursuant to a private placement memorandum dated October 24, 2016. The purchase price per Class P share was equal to $25.00 plus applicable selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, resulting in a total purchase price of $27.38 per Class P share if maximum selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses are paid. Inland Securities Corporation (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate of the Advisor, is the dealer manager for the Offering.

Offering and related costs include all expenses incurred in connection with the Offering. Offering costs (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) of the Company may be paid by the Advisor, Sub-advisor, the Dealer Manager, or its affiliates on behalf of the Company and subsequently reimbursed by the Company. Offering costs are deferred and a payable to the Advisor or Sub-advisor is accrued until shares are sold in the private placement, at which point the expense reimbursement is paid from additional paid-in capital. Offering costs include all expenses incurred by the Company in connection with its Offering as of the balance sheet date presented. These costs include but are not limited to: (i) reimbursing the Dealer Manager and participating soliciting dealers for bona fide out-of-pocket, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses incurred by these entities, (ii) expenses for printing, engraving and mailing, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositaries and experts, and (iii) expenses of qualifying the sale of the shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees and expenses.

The Company is obligated to reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates, as applicable, for organizational and offering costs paid by them on behalf of the Company to the extent organizational and offering costs (excluding selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) incurred by the Company in the Offering do not exceed 1.4% of gross offering proceeds. As a result, these costs are only a liability of the Company to the extent aggregate organization and offering costs do not exceed 1.4% of the gross Offering proceeds determined at the end of the Offering.

Repurchase Agreements – Real Estate Securities

The Company enters into Master Repurchase Agreements (the “MRAs”) that allow the Company to sell real estate securities while providing a fixed repurchase price for the same real estate securities in the future. The repurchase contracts on each security under an MRA generally mature in 30 to 90 days and terms are adjusted for current market rates as necessary. Repurchase agreements are being accounted for as secured borrowings since the Company maintains effective control of the financed assets. Under the repurchase agreements, the respective lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require the Company to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. The Company intends to maintain a level of liquidity that will enable the Company to meet margin calls. In addition, the repurchase agreements are generally subject to certain financial covenants. The company had not entered into any MRAs as of December 31, 2016 and, as such, had no financial covenant requirements.

 

F-9


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Income Taxes

The Company intends to qualify as a real estate investment trust (“REIT) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for federal income tax purposes commencing with the tax year ending December 31, 2017. If the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes its REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments, to its stockholders. Subsequently, if the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, the Company will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate tax rates. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income, property or net worth and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

The Company has no uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2016. The Company expects no significant increases or decreases in uncertain tax positions due to changes in tax positions within one year of December 31, 2016. The Company has no interest or penalties relating to income taxes recognized in the consolidated statement of operations for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2016, returns for the calendar year 2016 remain subject to examination by U.S. and various state and local tax jurisdictions.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences and are attributable to (1) differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases, and (2) net operating losses. A valuation allowance is established for uncertainties relating to realization of deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had a deferred tax asset of $10,832, related to organizational and start-up costs, which are capitalized for income tax purposes, and a current net operating loss, and an unrealized loss in value of real estate securities. A valuation allowance in the amount of $10,832 was recorded due to current uncertainty of realization.

Distributions Payable

Distributions payable represent distributions declared as of the balance sheet date which are payable to stockholders.

Per Share Data

The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings per share by dividing net income attributable to the Company for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for that period.

Note 3 – Real Estate Securities

The following is a summary of the Company’s real estate securities:

 

     Number of
Investments
     Interest Rate     Maturity Date      Par Value      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

     1        LIBOR + 4.6500     November 2018      $ 5,400,000      $ 5,433,480  

The Company classified its CMBS as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2016. These investments are reported at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded in other income or loss. The following table shows the amortized cost, unrealized gains/losses and fair value of the Company’s CMBS investments as of December 31, 2016:

 

     Amortized Cost      Unrealized Gains      Unrealized Losses      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

   $ 5,438,719        —        $ (5,239    $ 5,433,480  

As of December 31, 2016, the Company held one CMBS with a carrying value of $5,433,480 with an unrealized loss of $5,239 of which no position had an unrealized loss for a period greater than 12 months. The Company did not have any realized gains or losses during the period September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016.

 

F-10


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Note 4 – Stockholders Equity

During the period from inception through December 31, 2016, the Company issued 237,700 shares of Class P common stock at $25.00 per share with total proceeds of approximately $5.9 million. The company had no issuance costs however, it incurred $967,448 in reimbursable deferred offering costs that are payable to the Advisor and Sub-advisor from future stock issuance.

Distributions

The table below sets forth the distributions declared per share of the Class P common stock.

 

    

Distributions Declared Per Share

Date Declared

  

Distribution Period

   Daily Distribution
Amount
  

Date of Payment

December 1, 2016

   December 5, 2016 through December 31, 2016    $0.005245902    On or before January 6, 2017

December 1, 2016

   January 1, 2017 through January 31, 2017    $0.005260274    On or before February 6, 2017

December 1, 2016

   February 1, 2017 through February 28, 2017    $0.005260274    On or before March 6, 2017

Note 5 – Net Income Per Share

The following table is a summary of the basic and diluted net income per share computation for the period September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016:

     Inception through
December 31, 2016
 

Net loss

   $ (30,949

Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding

     142,443  

Basic and diluted net loss per share

   $ (0.22

Note 6 – Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may become subject to litigation, claims and regulatory matters. The Company has no knowledge of material legal or regulatory proceedings pending or known to be contemplated against the Company at this time.

Note 7 – Transactions with Related Parties

The Advisor has invested $1.0 million in the Company through the purchase of 40,040 shares of the Company’s Class P common stock. The purchase price per Class P share for the Advisor’s initial and subsequent investment was $25.00, which is equal to the initial transaction price per Class P share with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Advisor has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement that, for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Advisor, (i) it will not sell or transfer at least 8,000 of the Class P shares that it purchases, accounting for $200,000 of its investment, to an unaffiliated third party; (ii) it will not be eligible to have these initial shares repurchased prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which the shares were purchased; and (iii) repurchase requests made for these initial shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

The Sub-advisor has invested $3.0 million in the Company through the purchase of 120,000 shares of the Company’s Class P common stock. The purchase price per Class P share for this investment was $25.00 per share, which is equal to the initial transaction price per Class P share with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Sub-advisor has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement that, for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Sub-advisor, (i) it will not be eligible to have these initial shares repurchased prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which the shares were purchased; and (ii) repurchase requests made for these initial shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

 

F-11


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s related party transactions for the period from September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016:

 

     September 13, 2016
(inception) through

December 31, 2016
     Payable as of
December 31, 2016
 

Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement (1)

   $ 974,966      $ 974,966  

Selling commissions and dealer manager fee (2)

     —          —    

Advisory fee (3)

     —          —    

Operating expense reimbursement (4)

   $ 20,750      $ 20,750  

 

(1) The Company reimburses the Advisor for costs and other expenses related to the Offering, provided that aggregate reimbursements of such costs and expenses shall not exceed the organization and offering expenses paid in connection with the sale of Class P shares in the Offering. Offering costs are offset against stockholders’ equity when paid. Unpaid amounts are recorded as deferred offering costs and included in due to related parties in these consolidated balance sheets. At December 31,2016, the deferred offering costs of $967,448 and offering expense reimbursements of $7,518 were included in due to related parties.
(2) An affiliate of the Advisor receives selling commissions up to 5%, and a dealer manager fee up to 3% of the transaction price of the Class P shares sold in the Offering the majority of which is paid to third party soliciting dealers. For the period, September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, there were no selling commissions or dealer manager fees
(3) The Company pays the Advisor an advisory fee comprised of (1) a fixed component and (2) a performance component. Fixed Component: The fixed component of the advisory fee shall be paid quarterly in arrears and shall be equal to 1/4th of 1.5% of the average aggregate value of the Company’s assets over such quarter, where the value of each asset shall be the value determined in accordance with the valuation policies or, if such value has not yet been determined, the book value of the asset. If, in any given calendar quarter ending on or prior to December 31, 2017, the modified funds from operations (“MFFO”), which is a non-GAAP supplemental financial performance measure, is less than the aggregate distributions payable to stockholders for such quarter, then a portion of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter shall be deferred in an amount equal to the distributions payable for that quarter minus the MFFO for that quarter, provided that such deferred amount shall not exceed 25% of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter. Deferred portions of the fixed component of the advisory fee will be paid to the Advisor to the extent that MFFO exceeds distributions paid or payable to stockholders for a future calendar quarter, but only to the extent of such excess. The performance component of the advisory fee shall be calculated and paid annually with respect to the Class P shares, such that for any year in which the Company’s total return per Class P share exceeds 7% per annum, the Advisor will receive 20% of the excess total return allocable to the Class P shares; provided that in no event will the performance component of the advisory fee exceed 15% of the aggregate total return allocable to Class P shares for such year. The Advisor waived the advisory fee for the period September 13, 2016 (inception) through December 31 2016.
(4) The Company will reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates for out-of-pocket expenses that it incurs in connection with the Company.

Note 8 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments carried at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet by its level in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies ) as of December 31, 2016:

 

     Total      Level I      Level II      Level III  

Real estate securities

   $ 5,433,480        —        $ 5,433,480        —    

 

F-12


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

December 31, 2016

 

Note 9 – Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through April 25, 2017, the date the financial statements were available to be issued, and determined that there have not been any events that have occurred that would require adjustments to disclosures in the consolidated financial statements except for the following transactions:

Sale of Common Stock

As of April 25, 2017, the Company had 389,451 shares of common stock outstanding and has raised total proceeds from the Offering as follows:

 

Source of Capital

   Inception through
December 31, 2016
   January 1, 2017 through
April 25, 2017
   Total
Class P Common stock    $5,942,500    $4,065,000    $10,007,500

Distributions Paid

The table below sets for the distributions paid on the Class P common stock.

 

Distribution Period

   Payment Date      Distribution
Amount
 

December 2016

     January 3, 2017      $ 33,230  

January 2017

     February 1, 2017        40,572  

February 2017

     March 1, 2017        40,661  

March 2017

     April 3, 2017        52,273  
     

 

 

 

Total

      $ 166,736  
     

 

 

 

Distributions Declared

The table below sets for the distributions declared per share of the Class P common stock.

 

    

Distributions Declared Per Share

Date Declared

  

Distribution Period

   Daily Distribution Amount    Date of Payment

February 22, 2017

   March 1, 2017 through March 31, 2016    $0.005260274    On or before April 6, 2017

February 22, 2017

   April 1, 2017 through April 30, 2017    $0.005260274    On or before May 6, 2017

February 22, 2017

   May 1, 2017 through May 31, 2017    $0.005260274    On or before June 6, 2017

 

F-13


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     March 31, 2017
(unaudited)
    December 31, 2016  

ASSETS

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 1,553,015     $ 511,854  

Real estate securities at fair value

     10,632,400       5,433,480  

Deferred offering costs

     1,180,799       967,448  

Accrued interest receivable

     32,836       13,652  

Prepaid expenses

     25,535       —    

Other assets

     500       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 13,425,085     $ 6,926,434  

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

    

Liabilities:

    

Repurchase agreements—real estate securities

     3,578,000       —    

Due to related parties

     1,297,967       995,716  

Interest payable

     3,588       —    

Distributions payable

     52,273       33,230  

Accrued expenses

     47,916       19,167  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities

     4,979,744       1,048,113  

Stockholders’ Equity:

    

Class P common stock, $0.001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized, 340,782 and 237,700 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively

     341       238  

Additional paid in capital (net of offering costs of $142,366 and $0 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively)

     8,554,793       5,942,262  

Distributions in excess of earnings

     (109,793     (64,179
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total stockholders’ equity

     8,445,341       5,878,321  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 13,425,085     $ 6,926,434  
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-14


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)

 

     Three months ended March 31,  
     2017     2016  

Interest income:

    

Interest income

     101,738       —    

Less: Interest expense

     (10,415     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income

     91,323       —    

Operating expenses:

    

Administration expense

     28,750       —    

Directors compensation

     20,750       —    

Professional service fees

     20,812       —    

Other expenses

     22,552       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

     92,864       —    

Other income:

    

Unrealized gain in value of real estate securities

     89,433       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income

     89,433       —    

Net income

   $ 87,892     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income per share basic and diluted

   $ 0.31     $ —    

Weighted average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     280,856       —    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-15


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Three months ended March 31, 2017

(unaudited)

 

     Common Stock                      
     Number
of Shares
     Par Value      Additional
Paid in Capital
     Distributions in
Excess of
Earnings
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 

Balance as of December 31, 2016

     237,700      $ 238      $ 5,942,262      $ (64,179   $ 5,878,321  

Proceeds from offering

     103,082        103        2,612,531        —         2,612,634  

Net income

     —          —          —          87,892       87,892  

Distributions declared

     —          —          —          (133,506     (133,506
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

Balance as of March 31, 2017

     340,782      $ 341      $ 8,554,793      $ (109,793   $ 8,445,341  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-16


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(unaudited)

 

     For three months ended March 31,  
     2017     2016  

Cash flows from operating activities

 

 

Net income

     87,892       —    

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operations:

    

Net unrealized gain on real estate securities

     (89,433     —    

Amortization of bond premium

     15,513       —    

Changes in assets and liabilities:

    

Accrued interest receivable

     (19,184     —    

Deferred offering costs

     (213,351     —    

Prepaid expenses

     (25,535     —    

Accrued interest payable

     3,588       —    

Accrued expenses

     28,749       —    

Due to related parties

     302,251       —    

Other assets

     (500     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

   $ 89,990     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

    

Purchase of real estate securities

     (5,125,000     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (5,125,000   $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

    

Proceeds from issuance of common stock

     2,612,634       —    

Proceeds from repurchase agreements

     3,578,000       —    

Distributions paid

     (114,463     —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 6,076,171     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

     1,041,161       —    

Cash and cash equivalents beginning of period

     511,854       —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents end of period

   $ 1,553,015     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

    

Deferred offering costs

   $ 213,351     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Accrued offering expenses, included in due to related parties

   $ 213,351     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Cash paid for interest

   $ 6,827     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

Distributions payable

   $ 52,273     $ —    
  

 

 

   

 

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements

 

F-17


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

Note 1 – Organization and Business Operations

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. (the “Company”) was incorporated in Maryland on September 13, 2016 to originate, acquire and manage a diversified portfolio of commercial real estate (“CRE”), investments primarily comprised of (i) CRE debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans and (ii) CRE securities, such as commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), senior unsecured debt of publicly traded real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), and collateralized debt obligation notes (“CDOs”). The Company may also invest in select equity investments in single-tenant, net leased properties. Substantially all of the Company’s business is conducted through InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, L.P. (the “OP”), a Delaware limited partnership. The Company is the sole general partner and directly or indirectly holds all of the units of limited partner interests in the OP.

The Company is externally managed by Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC (the “Advisor”), a Delaware limited liability company formed in August 2016 that is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Inland Real Estate Investment Corporation (“IREIC”), a member of The Inland Real Estate Group of Companies, Inc. (“Inland”). The Advisor is responsible for coordinating the management of the day-to-day operations and originating, acquiring and managing the Company’s CRE investment portfolio, subject to the supervision of the Company’s board of directors. The Advisor performs its duties and responsibilities as the Company’s fiduciary pursuant to an advisory agreement dated October 24, 2016 between the Company and the Advisor (the “Advisory Agreement”).

The Advisor has delegated certain of its duties to the SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC (the “Sub-advisor”), a Delaware limited liability company formed in September 2016 that is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sound Point CRE Management, LP, pursuant to a sub-advisory agreement between the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor. Among other duties, the Sub-advisor has the authority to identify, negotiate, acquire and originate the Company’s investments and provide portfolio management, disposition, property management and leasing services to the Company. Notwithstanding such delegation to the Sub-advisor or affiliates of the Sub-advisor or Advisor, the Advisor retains ultimate responsibility for the performance of all the matters entrusted to it under the Advisory Agreement.

Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Accounting

The accompanying consolidated financial statements and related footnotes have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from such estimates.

Principles of Consolidation

The Company consolidates all entities that the Company controls through either majority ownership or voting rights. The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the OP. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In determining whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in a joint venture and the requirement to consolidate the accounts of that entity, management considers factors such as ownership interest, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the other partners or members as well as whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”) for which the Company is the primary beneficiary. The Company has determined the OP is a VIE of which the Company is the primary beneficiary. Substantially all of the Company’s assets and liabilities are held by the OP.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include funds on deposit with financial institutions, including demand deposits with financial institutions with original maturities of three months or less. The account balance may periodically exceed the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”) insurance coverage and, as a result, there could be a concentration of credit risk related to amounts on deposit in excess of FDIC insurance coverage. The Company believes that the risk will not be significant, as the Company does not anticipate the financial institutions’ non-performance.

 

F-18


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

Real Estate Securities at Fair Value

The Company’s real estate securities are comprised of CMBS and are accounted for in accordance with ASC Topic 320, Investments — Debt and Equity Securities (“ASC 320”). The Company has chosen to make a fair value option election pursuant to ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments (“ASC 825”) for its securities and, therefore, its investment securities are recorded at fair market value on the consolidated balance sheet. The periodic changes in fair market value are recorded in current period earnings on the consolidated statement of operations as a component of net unrealized gain (loss) on investments. These investments generally meet the requirements to be classified as available-for-sale under ASC 320, which requires the securities to be carried at fair value on the balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded to other comprehensive income on the Company’s statement of shareholders’ equity. Electing the fair value option permits the Company to record changes in fair value of its investments in the consolidated statements of operations which, in management’s view, more appropriately reflects the results of operations for a particular reporting period.

The Company records its transactions in securities on a trade date basis and recognizes realized gains and losses on securities transactions on an identified cost basis.

Interest Income

Interest income on CMBS, which includes accretion of discounts and amortization of premiums on such CMBS, is recognized over the life of the investment using the effective interest method. Management estimates, at the time of purchase, the future expected cash flows and determines the effective interest rate based on these estimated cash flows and the Company’s purchase price. As needed, these estimated cash flows are updated and a revised yield is computed based on the current amortized cost of the investment. In estimating these cash flows, there are a number of assumptions that are subject to uncertainties and contingencies, including the rate and timing of principal payments (prepayments, repurchases, defaults and liquidations), the pass through or coupon rate and interest rate fluctuations. In addition, management must use its judgment to estimate interest payment shortfalls due to delinquencies on the underlying mortgage loans. These uncertainties and contingencies are difficult to predict and are subject to future events that may impact management’s estimates and its interest income.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company estimates fair value using available market information and valuation methodologies it believes to be appropriate for these purposes. The Company defines fair value based on the price that would be received upon sale of an asset or the exit price that would be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. ASC 825 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes observable and unobservable inputs used to measure fair value. The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels, which are described below:

 

    Level I - Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

 

    Level II - Inputs (other than quoted prices included in Level I) are either directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability through correlation with market data at the measurement date and for the duration of the instrument’s anticipated life.

 

    Level III - Unobservable inputs which reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. Consideration is given to the risk inherent in the valuation technique and the risk inherent in the inputs to the model.

 

F-19


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

The determination of where an asset or liability falls in the above hierarchy requires judgment and factors specific to the asset or liability. In instances where the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the entire fair value measurement falls is based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company evaluates its hierarchy disclosures each quarter and depending on various factors, it is possible that an asset or liability may be classified differently from quarter to quarter.

CMBS are valued utilizing both observable and unobservable market inputs. These factors include projected future cash flows, ratings, subordination levels, vintage, remaining lives, credit issues, recent trades of similar real estate securities and the spreads used in the prior valuation. The Company obtains current market spread information where available and uses this information in evaluating and validating the market price of all real CMBS. Depending upon the significance of the fair value inputs used in determining these fair values, these real estate securities are classified in either Level II or Level III of the fair value hierarchy. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company received third-party quotes on each CMBS investment used in determining the fair value and have been classified as Level II due to the observable nature of all significant inputs.

Offering and Organization Costs

On October 25, 2016, the Company commenced an ongoing private offering (the “Offering”) of up to $500,000,000 in Class P shares of common stock, pursuant to a private placement memorandum dated October 24, 2016. The purchase price per Class P share is equal to $25.00 plus applicable selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses, resulting in a total purchase price of $27.38 per Class P share if maximum selling commissions, dealer manager fees and organization and offering expenses are paid. Inland Securities Corporation (the “Dealer Manager”), an affiliate of the Advisor, is the dealer manager for the Offering.

Offering and related costs include all expenses incurred in connection with the Offering. Offering costs (other than selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) of the Company may be paid by the Advisor, Sub-advisor, the Dealer Manager, or its affiliates on behalf of the Company and subsequently reimbursed by the Company. Offering costs are deferred and a payable to the Advisor or Sub-advisor is accrued until shares are sold in the private placement, at which point the expense reimbursement is paid from additional paid-in capital. Offering costs include all expenses incurred by the Company in connection with its Offering as of the balance sheet date presented. These costs include but are not limited to: (i) reimbursing the Dealer Manager and participating soliciting dealers for bona fide out-of-pocket, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses incurred by these entities, (ii) expenses for printing, engraving and mailing, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositaries and experts, and (iii) expenses of qualifying the sale of the shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees and expenses.

The Company is obligated to reimburse the Advisor or its affiliates, as applicable, for organizational and offering costs paid by them on behalf of the Company to the extent organizational and offering costs (excluding selling commissions and the dealer manager fee) incurred by the Company in the Offering do not exceed 1.4% of gross offering proceeds. As a result, these costs are only a liability of the Company to the extent aggregate organization and offering costs do not exceed 1.4% of the gross Offering proceeds determined at the end of the Offering.

Repurchase Agreements – Real Estate Securities

The Company enters into Master Repurchase Agreements (each, an “MRA”) that allow the Company to sell real estate securities while providing a fixed repurchase price for the same real estate securities in the future. The repurchase contracts on each security under an MRA generally mature in 30 to 90 days and terms are adjusted for current market rates as necessary. Repurchase agreements are being accounted for as secured borrowings since the Company maintains effective control of the financed assets. Under the MRAs, the respective lender retains the right to mark the underlying collateral to fair value. A reduction in the value of pledged assets would require the Company to provide additional collateral or fund margin calls. The Company intends to maintain a level of liquidity that will enable the Company to meet margin calls. In addition, the MRAs are generally subject to certain financial covenants. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenant requirements as of March 31, 2017.

 

F-20


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

Income Taxes

The Company intends to qualify as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, for federal income tax purposes commencing with the tax year ending December 31, 2017. If the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to federal income tax to the extent it distributes its REIT taxable income, subject to certain adjustments, to its stockholders. Subsequently, if the Company fails to qualify as a REIT in any taxable year, the Company will be subject to federal income tax on its taxable income at regular corporate tax rates. Even if the Company qualifies for taxation as a REIT, the Company may be subject to certain state and local taxes on its income, property or net worth and federal income and excise taxes on its undistributed income.

The Company has no uncertain tax positions as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The Company expects no significant increases or decreases in uncertain tax positions due to changes in tax positions within one year of March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. The Company has no interest or penalties relating to income taxes recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016. As of March 31, 2017, returns for the calendar year 2016 remain subject to examination by U.S. and various state and local tax jurisdictions.

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences and are attributable to (1) differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and their respective tax bases, and (2) net operating losses. A valuation allowance is established for uncertainties relating to realization of deferred tax assets. As of December 31, 2016, the Company had a deferred tax asset of $10,382, related to organizational and start-up costs, which are capitalized for income tax purposes, and a current net operating loss, and an unrealized loss in value of real estate securities. A valuation allowance in the amount of $10,382 was recorded due to current uncertainty of realization.

At March 31, 2017, the Company has reversed deferred tax assets and the valuation allowance related to its activities. As a REIT, the Company is not expected to pay federal income tax at the REIT level, but instead a dividends paid deduction will generally offset its taxable income. As a result, while the Company will still be permitted to use net operating losses to offset its REIT taxable income, the Company generally does not expect to pay taxes on its REIT taxable income, and therefore does not expect to be able to realize such deferred tax assets.

Distributions Payable

Distributions payable represent distributions declared as of the balance sheet date which are payable to stockholders.

Per Share Data

The Company calculates basic and diluted earnings per share by dividing net income attributable to the Company for the period by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for that period.

Note 3 – Real Estate Securities

The following is a summary of the Company’s real estate securities as of March 31, 2017:

 

     Number of
Investments
     Interest Rate     Maturity Date      Par Value      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

     1        LIBOR + 4.6500     November 2018      $ 5,400,000      $ 5,486,400  

CMBS 2

     2        LIBOR + 6.9878     May 2018      $ 5,000,000        5,146,000  
          

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

           $ 10,400,000      $ 10,632,400  
          

 

 

    

 

 

 

The Company classified its CMBS as available-for-sale as of March 31, 2017. These investments are reported at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded in other income or loss. The following table shows the amortized cost, unrealized gains/losses and fair value of the Company’s CMBS investments as of March 31, 2017:

 

     Amortized Cost      Unrealized Gains      Unrealized Losses      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

   $ 5,434,646      $ 51,754        —        $ 5,486,400  

CMBS 2

   $ 5,113,560      $ 32,440        —          5,146,000  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total

   $ 10,548,206      $ 84,194        —        $ 10,632,400  
  

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

F-21


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

The following is a summary of the Company’s real estate securities as of December 31, 2016:

 

     Number of
Investments
     Interest Rate     Maturity Date      Par Value      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

     1        LIBOR + 4.6500     November/2018      $ 5,400,000      $ 5,433,480  

The Company classified its CMBS as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2016. These investments are reported at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet with changes in fair value recorded in other income or loss. The following table shows the amortized cost, unrealized gains/losses and fair value of the Company’s CMBS investments as of December 31, 2016:

 

     Amortized Cost      Unrealized Gains      Unrealized Losses      Fair Value  

CMBS 1

   $ 5,438,719        —        $ (5,239    $ 5,433,480  

As of March 31, 2017, the Company held two CMBS with a total carrying value of $10,632,400 with a total unrealized gain of $84,194. As of December 31, 2016, the Company held one CMBS with a carrying value of $5,433,480 with an unrealized loss of $5,239. No position had an unrealized loss for a period greater than 12 months. The Company did not have any realized gains or losses during the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.

Note 4 – Repurchase Agreements—Real Estate Securities

As of March 31, 2017, the Company had entered into one MRA and had one outstanding repurchase agreement:

 

Counterparty

   Amount
Outstanding
     Accrued
Interest
Payable
     Collateral
Pledged
     Interest
Rate
    Days to
Maturity
 

J.P. Morgan Securities LLC

   $ 3,578,000      $ 3,588      $ 5,400,000        2.57833     14  

Note 5 – Stockholders Equity

During the three month period ended March 31, 2017, the Company issued 103,082 shares of Class P common stock at $26.7263 per share with total net proceeds of $2,612,634 after selling costs of $142,366. In addition, the Company incurred $213,351 in reimbursable deferred offering costs that are payable to the Advisor and Sub-Advisor from future stock issuance.

Distributions

The table below sets forth the distributions declared for Class P shares during the three month period ended March 31, 2017.

 

     Distributions Declared Per Share

Date Declared

   Distribution Period    Daily Distribution
Amount
     Date of Payment

February 22, 2017

   March 1, 2017 through March 31, 2017    $ 0.005260274      April 3, 2017

February 22, 2017

   April 1, 2017 through April 30, 2017    $ 0.005260274      On or before May 6, 2017

February 22, 2017

   May 1, 2017 through May 31, 2017    $ 0.005260274      On or before June 6, 2017

Distributions Paid

The table below sets forth the distributions paid on the Class P common stock.

 

Distribution Period

   Payment Date      Distribution Amount  

December 2016

     January 3, 2017      $ 33,230  

January 2017

     February 1, 2017        40,572  

February 2017

     March 1, 2017        40,661  

March 2017

     April 3, 2017        52,273  
     

 

 

 

Total

      $ 166,736  
     

 

 

 

 

F-22


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

During the three month period ended March 31, 2017, the Company declared distributions of $133,506 and paid cash distributions of $114,463. As of March 31, 2017, distributions payable were $52,273. There were no distributions declared or paid during the three month period ended March 31, 2016, as the Company was not yet incorporated.

Note 6 – Net Income Per Share

The following table is a summary of the basic and diluted net income per share computation for the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

 

     Three month period ended March 31,  
     2017      2016  

Net income

   $ 87,892        —    

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted

     280,856        —    

Net income per share, basic and diluted

   $ 0.31        —    

Note 7 – Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

In the ordinary course of business, the Company may become subject to litigation, claims and regulatory matters. The Company has no knowledge of material legal or regulatory proceedings pending or known to be contemplated against the Company at this time.

Note 8 – Transactions with Related Parties

The Advisor has invested $1.0 million in the Company through the purchase of 40,040 shares of Class P common stock. The purchase price per Class P share for the Advisor’s investment was $25.00 (the “Transaction Price”), with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Advisor has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement that, for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Advisor, (i) it will not sell or transfer at least 8,000 of the Class P shares that it has purchased, accounting for $200,000 of its investment, to an unaffiliated third party; (ii) it will not be eligible to submit a request for these 40,040 Class P shares pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase plan prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which such shares were purchased; and (iii) repurchase requests made for these shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

The Sub-advisor has invested $3 million in the Company through the purchase of 120,000 shares of Class P common stock. The purchase price per Class P share for this investment was the Transaction Price, with no payment of selling commissions, dealer manager fees or organization and offering expenses. The Sub-advisor has agreed pursuant to its subscription agreement that, for so long as it or its affiliate is serving as the Sub-advisor, (i) it will not be eligible to submit a request for the repurchase of these 120,000 shares pursuant to the Company’s share repurchase plan prior to the fifth anniversary of the date on which such shares were purchased; and (ii) repurchase requests made for these shares will only be accepted (a) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (b) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (c) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases in the quarter in which they are being repurchased to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

 

F-23


Table of Contents
Index to Financial Statements

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

March 31, 2017

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s related party transactions for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:

 

     Three month period ended
March 31,
     Payable as of March 31,  
     2017          2016          2017            2016        

Organization and Offering Expense Reimbursement (1)

   $ 213,351      $ —        $ 1,188,317      $ —    

Selling commissions and dealer manager fee (2)

     142,366        —          —          —    

Advisory fee (3)

     —          —          —          —    

Operating expense reimbursement (4)

     88,899        —          109,650        —    

 

(1) The Company reimburses the Advisor for costs and other expenses related to the Offering, provided that aggregate reimbursements of such costs and expenses shall not exceed the organization and offering expenses paid in connection with the sale of Class P shares in the Offering. Offering costs are offset against stockholders’ equity when paid. Unpaid amounts are recorded as deferred offering costs and included in due to related parties in these consolidated balance sheets.
(2) An affiliate of the Advisor receives selling commissions up to 5%, and a dealer manager fee up to 3% of the Transaction Price for each Class P share sold in the Offering, the majority of which is paid to third-party soliciting dealers.
(3) The Company pays the Advisor an advisory fee comprised of (1) a fixed component and (2) a performance component. The fixed component of the advisory fee is paid quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 1/4th of 1.5% of the average aggregate value of the Company’s assets over such quarter, where the value of each asset shall be the value determined in accordance with the valuation policies or, if such value has not yet been determined, the book value of the asset. If, in any given calendar quarter ending on or prior to December 31, 2017, the modified funds from operations (“MFFO”), which is a non-GAAP supplemental financial performance measure, is less than the aggregate distributions payable to stockholders for such quarter, then a portion of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter shall be deferred in an amount equal to the distributions payable for that quarter minus the MFFO for that quarter, provided that such deferred amount shall not exceed 25% of the fixed component of the advisory fee otherwise payable with respect to that quarter. Deferred portions of the fixed component of the advisory fee will be paid to the Advisor to the extent that MFFO exceeds distributions paid or payable to stockholders for a future calendar quarter, but only to the extent of such excess. The performance component of the advisory fee is calculated and paid annually with respect to the Class P shares, such that for any year in which the Company’s total return per Class P share exceeds 7% per annum, the Advisor will receive 20% of the excess total return allocable to the Class P shares; provided that in no event will the performance component of the advisory fee exceed 15% of the aggregate total return allocable to Class P shares for such year. The Advisor has waived the advisory fee for the three month period ended March 31, 2017.
(4) The Company reimburses the Advisor or its affiliates for out-of-pocket expenses that it incurs in connection with providing services to the Company, provided that the Company does not reimburse overhead costs, including rent utilities and personnel costs (including salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments.

Note 9 – Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The following table presents the Company’s financial instruments carried at fair value in the consolidated balance sheet by its level in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 2 – Significant Accounting Policies ) as of March 31, 2017:

 

     Total      Level I      Level II      Level III  

Real estate securities

   $ 10,632,400        —        $ 10,632,400        —    

Note 10 – Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through April 25, 2017, the latest date for which the Company’s financial statements were available to be issued, and determined that there have not been any events that have occurred that would require adjustments to disclosures in the consolidated financial statements except for the following transactions:

Sale of Common Stock

As of April 25, 2017, the Company had 389,451 shares of common stock outstanding and had raised proceeds from the Offering since March 31, 2017 as follows:

 

Source of Capital

   April 1, 2017 through
April 25, 2017
   Total
Class P shares    $1,310,000    $10,007,500

 

F-24

Exhibit 3.1

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT

FIRST : InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. , a Maryland corporation (the “Corporation”), desires to amend and restate its charter as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended.

SECOND : The following provisions are all the provisions of the charter currently in effect and as hereinafter amended:

ARTICLE I

NAME

The name of the corporation (which is hereinafter called the “Corporation”) is:

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

ARTICLE II

PURPOSES AND POWERS

The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, engaging in business as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any successor statute (the “Code”)) for which corporations may be organized under the general laws of the State of Maryland as now or hereafter in force.

ARTICLE III

PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN STATE AND RESIDENT AGENT

The address of the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is c/o The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. The name and address of the resident agent of the Corporation are The Corporation Trust Incorporated, 351 West Camden Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201. The resident agent is a Maryland corporation.

ARTICLE IV

DEFINITIONS

As used in the Charter, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise requires:

Acquisition Expenses . The term “Acquisition Expenses” shall mean any and all expenses incurred by the Corporation, the Advisor or any Affiliate of either in connection with the selection, acquisition or development of any Asset, whether or not acquired, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, nonrefundable option payments on property not acquired, accounting fees and expenses and title insurance premiums.

Acquisition Fee . The term “Acquisition Fee” shall mean any and all fees and commissions, exclusive of Acquisition Expenses, paid by any Person to any other Person (including any fees or commissions paid by or to any Affiliate of the Corporation or the Advisor) in connection with making or investing in Mortgages or the purchase, development or construction of a Property, including real estate commissions, selection fees, Development Fees, Construction Fees, nonrecurring management fees, loan fees, points or any other fees of a similar nature. Excluded shall be Development Fees and Construction Fees paid to any Person not affiliated with the Sponsor in connection with the actual development and construction of a project.


Advisor or Advisors . The term “Advisor” or “Advisors” shall mean the Person or Persons, if any, appointed, employed or contracted with by the Corporation pursuant to Section 8.1 and responsible for directing or performing the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation, including any Person to whom the Advisor subcontracts all or substantially all of such functions.

Advisory Agreement . The term “Advisory Agreement” shall mean the agreement between the Corporation and the Advisor pursuant to which the Advisor will direct or perform the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation.

Affiliate or Affiliated . The term “Affiliate” or “Affiliated” shall mean, with respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person ten percent or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner.

Aggregate Share Ownership Limit . The term “Aggregate Share Ownership Limit” shall mean 9.8% in value of the aggregate of the outstanding Shares, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.1.8 of the Charter.

Asset . The term “Asset” shall mean any Property, Mortgage or other investment owned by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates, and any other investment made by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates.

Average Invested Assets . The term “Average Invested Assets” shall mean, for a specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the Assets invested, directly or indirectly, in equity interests in and loans secured by real estate, before deducting depreciation, bad debts or other non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during such period.

Beneficial Ownership . The term “Beneficial Ownership” shall mean ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of the Code, as modified by Section 856(h)(1)(B) of the Code. The terms “Beneficial Owner,” “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Board or Board of Directors . The term “Board” or “Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

Business Day . The term “Business Day” shall mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.

Bylaws . The term “Bylaws” shall mean the Bylaws of the Corporation, as amended from time to time.

Charitable Beneficiary . The term “Charitable Beneficiary” shall mean one or more beneficiaries of the Charitable Trust as determined pursuant to Section 6.2.6, provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.

Charitable Trust . The term “Charitable Trust” shall mean any trust provided for in Section 6.2.1.

 

2


Charitable Trustee . The term “Charitable Trustee” shall mean the Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and a Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation to serve as Trustee of the Charitable Trust.

Charter . The term “Charter” shall mean the charter of the Corporation.

Class P Common Shares . The term “Class P Common Shares” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1.

Code . The term “Code” shall have the meaning as provided in Article II.

Commencement of the Initial Public Offering . The term “Commencement of the Initial Public Offering” shall mean the date that the SEC declares effective the registration statement filed under the Securities Act for the Initial Public Offering.

Common Share Ownership Limit . The term “Common Share Ownership Limit” shall mean 9.8% (in value or in number of Common Shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding Common Shares, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 6.1.8 of the Charter.

Common Shares . The term “Common Shares” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1.

Competitive Real Estate Commission . The term “Competitive Real Estate Commission” shall mean a real estate or brokerage commission paid for the purchase or sale of a Property that is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the Property.

Construction Fee . The term “Construction Fee” shall mean a fee or other remuneration for acting as general contractor and/or construction manager to construct improvements, supervise and coordinate projects or provide major repairs or rehabilitations on a Property.

Constructive Ownership . The term “Constructive Ownership” shall mean ownership of Shares by a Person, whether the interest in Shares is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code. The terms “Constructive Owner,” “Constructively Owns” and “Constructively Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.

Contract Purchase Price . The term “Contract Purchase Price” shall mean the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a Property or the amount of funds advanced with respect to a Mortgage, or the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of other Assets, in each case exclusive of Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses.

Corporation . The term “Corporation” shall have the meaning as provided in Article I.

Dealer Manager . The term “Dealer Manager” shall mean Inland Securities Corporation or such other Person selected by the Board to act as the dealer manager for an Offering.

Development Fee . The term “Development Fee” shall mean a fee for the packaging of a Property, including the negotiation and approval of plans, and any assistance in obtaining zoning and necessary variances and financing for a specific Property, either initially or at a later date.

Director . The term “Director” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 7.1.

Distributions . The term “Distributions” shall mean any distributions (as such term is defined in Section 2-301 of the MGCL), pursuant to Section 5.5, by the Corporation to owners of Shares, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.

 

3


Excepted Holder . The term “Excepted Holder” shall mean a Stockholder for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7.

Excepted Holder Limit . The term “Excepted Holder Limit” shall mean, provided that the affected Excepted Holder agrees to comply with the requirements established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7 and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 6.1.8, the percentage limit established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 6.1.7.

Excess Amount . The term “Excess Amount” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 8.10.

Exchange Act . The term “Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto.

Gross Proceeds . The term “Gross Proceeds” shall mean the aggregate purchase price of all Shares sold for the account of the Corporation through an Offering, without deduction for Selling Commissions, dealer manager fees, volume discounts, any marketing support and due diligence expense reimbursement or Organization and Offering Expenses. For the purpose of computing Gross Proceeds, the purchase price of any Share for which reduced Selling Commissions are paid to the Dealer Manager or a Soliciting Dealer (where net proceeds to the Corporation are not reduced) shall be deemed to be the full amount of the offering price per Share pursuant to the Prospectus for such Offering without reduction.

Indemnitee . The term “Indemnitee” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 12.2(b).

Independent Appraiser . The term “Independent Appraiser” shall mean a Person with no material current or prior business or personal relationship with the Advisor or the Directors and who is engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property and/or other Assets of the type held by the Corporation. Membership in a nationally recognized appraisal society such as the American Institute of Real Estate Appraisers or the Society of Real Estate Appraisers shall be conclusive evidence of being engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property.

Independent Director . The term “Independent Director” shall mean a Director who is not on the date of determination, and within the last two years from the date of determination has not been, directly or indirectly associated with the Sponsor or the Advisor by virtue of (i) ownership of an interest in the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (ii) employment by the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iii) service as an officer or director of the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates, (iv) performance of services, other than as a Director, for the Corporation, (v) service as a director or trustee of more than three REITs organized by the Sponsor or advised by the Advisor or (vi) maintenance of a material business or professional relationship with the Sponsor, the Advisor or any of their Affiliates. A business or professional relationship is considered “material” if the aggregate gross income derived by the Director from the Sponsor, the Advisor and their Affiliates exceeds five percent of either the Director’s annual gross income during either of the last two years or the Director’s net worth on a fair market value basis. An indirect association with the Sponsor or the Advisor shall include circumstances in which a Director’s spouse, parent, child, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-law or brother- or sister-in-law is or has been associated with the Sponsor, the Advisor, any of their Affiliates or the Corporation.

Initial Date . The term “Initial Date” shall mean the date on which the Corporation commences the Initial Private Placement, as set forth in the Memorandum; provided , however , that following any Restriction Termination Date, the term “Initial Date” shall mean the date on which the Corporation files, and the SDAT accepts for record, a Certificate of Notice setting forth the determination of the Board of Directors that it is in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to qualify or requalify as a REIT.

Initial Investment . The term “Initial Investment” shall mean that portion of the initial capitalization of the Corporation contributed by the Sponsor or its Affiliates pursuant to Section II.A. of the NASAA REIT Guidelines.

Initial Private Placement . The term “Initial Private Placement” shall mean the unregistered private offering of Class P Common Shares by the Corporation pursuant to the Memorandum.

 

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Initial Public Offering . The term “Initial Public Offering” shall mean the first Offering pursuant to an effective registration statement filed under the Securities Act.

Invested Capital . The term “Invested Capital” shall mean the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of Shares purchased by Stockholders by the issue price at the time of such purchase, reduced by the portion of any Distribution that is attributable to Net Sales Proceeds and by any amounts paid by the Corporation to repurchase Shares pursuant to the Corporation’s plan for the repurchase of Shares.

Joint Ventures . The term “Joint Ventures” shall mean those joint venture or partnership arrangements in which the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries is a co-venturer or general partner established to acquire or hold Assets.

Leverage . The term “Leverage” shall mean the aggregate amount of indebtedness of the Corporation for money borrowed (including purchase money mortgage loans) outstanding at any time, both secured and unsecured.

Listing . The term “Listing” shall mean the listing of the Common Shares on a national securities exchange. Upon such Listing, the Common Shares shall be deemed Listed.

Market Price . The term “Market Price” on any date shall mean, with respect to any class or series of outstanding Shares, the Closing Price for such Shares on such date. The “Closing Price” on any date shall mean the last sale price for such Shares, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such Shares, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE or, if such Shares are not listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE, as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which such Shares are listed or admitted to trading or, if such Shares are not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over-the-counter market, as reported by the principal automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such Shares are not quoted by any such system, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such Shares selected by the Board of Directors or, in the event that no trading price is available for such Shares, the fair market value of Shares, as determined by the Board of Directors.

Memorandum . The term “Memorandum” shall mean the confidential private placement memorandum relating to the offer and sale of up to $500,000,000 of Class P Common Shares by the Corporation in an unregistered private offering pursuant to the applicable exemption from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act and Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act.

MGCL . The term “MGCL” shall mean the Maryland General Corporation Law, as amended from time to time.

Mortgages . The term “Mortgages” shall mean, in connection with mortgage financing provided by the Corporation, all of the notes, deeds of trust, security interests or other evidences of indebtedness or obligations, which are secured or collateralized by Real Property owned by the borrowers under such notes, deeds of trust, security interests or other evidences of indebtedness or obligations.

NASAA REIT Guidelines . The term “NASAA REIT Guidelines” shall mean the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association on May 7, 2007.

Net Asset Value per Class P Common Share . The term “Net Asset Value per Class P Common Share” shall mean the net asset value of the Corporation allocable to the Class P Common Shares, calculated as described in the Memorandum, as may be amended from time to time, divided by the number of outstanding Class P Common Shares.

 

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Net Assets . The term “Net Assets” shall mean the total Assets (other than intangibles) at cost, before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities, calculated quarterly by the Corporation on a basis consistently applied.

Net Income . The term “Net Income” shall mean for any period, the Corporation’s total revenues applicable to such period, less the total expenses applicable to such period other than additions to reserves for depreciation, bad debts or other similar non-cash reserves and excluding any gain from the sale of the Assets.

Net Sales Proceeds . The term “Net Sales Proceeds” shall mean in the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(A) of the definition of Sale, the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including all real estate commissions, closing costs and legal fees and expenses. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(B) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including any legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred in connection with such transaction. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(C) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction actually distributed to the Corporation or the Operating Partnership from the Joint Venture less the amount of any selling expenses, including legal fees and expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation (other than those paid by the Joint Venture). In the case of a transaction or series of transactions described in clause (i)(D) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction (including the aggregate of all payments under a Mortgage or in satisfaction thereof other than regularly scheduled interest payments) less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including all commissions, closing costs and legal fees and expenses. In the case of a transaction described in clause (i)(E) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of any such transaction less the amount of selling expenses incurred by or on behalf of the Corporation, including any legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred in connection with such transaction. In the case of a transaction described in clause (ii) of the definition of Sale, Net Sales Proceeds means the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions less all amounts generated thereby which are reinvested in one or more Assets within 180 days thereafter and less the amount of any real estate commissions, closing costs, legal fees and expenses and other selling expenses incurred by or allocated to the Corporation or the Operating Partnership in connection with such transaction or series of transactions. Net Sales Proceeds shall also include any amounts that the Corporation determines, in its discretion, to be economically equivalent to proceeds of a Sale. Net Sales Proceeds shall not include any reserves established by the Corporation in its sole discretion.

Non-Compliant Tender Offer . The term “Non-Compliant Tender Offer” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 11.7.

NYSE . The term “NYSE” shall mean the New York Stock Exchange.

Offering . The term “Offering” shall mean any offering and sale of Shares.

Operating Partnership . The term “Operating Partnership” shall mean InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership, through which the Corporation may own Assets.

Organization and Offering Expenses . The term “Organization and Offering Expenses” shall mean any and all costs and expenses incurred by the Corporation and to be paid from the Assets in connection with the formation of the Corporation and the qualification and registration of an Offering, and the marketing and distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions (including fees of the underwriters’ attorneys), expenses for printing, engraving and amending registration statements and private placement memoranda or supplementing prospectuses and private placement memoranda, mailing and distributing costs, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses (including the costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings), charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees.

 

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Person . The term “Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit applies.

Preferred Shares . The term “Preferred Shares” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1.

Private Placement . The term “Private Placement” shall mean an unregistered private offering of Shares pursuant to applicable exemptions from registration under the Securities Act.

Prohibited Owner . The term “Prohibited Owner” shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer, any Person who, but for the provisions of Article VI, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1, and, if appropriate in the context, shall also mean any Person who would have been the record owner of Shares that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned.

Property or Properties . The term “Property” or “Properties” shall mean, as the context requires, any, or all, respectively, of the Real Property acquired by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through joint venture arrangements or other partnership or investment interests.

Prospectus . The term “Prospectus” shall mean the same as that term is defined in Section 2(10) of the Securities Act, including a preliminary prospectus, an offering circular as described in Rule 256 of the General Rules and Regulations under the Securities Act or, in the case of an intrastate offering, any document by whatever name known, utilized for the purpose of offering and selling Securities to the public.

Public Offering . The term “Public Offering” shall mean the registered public offering of Shares pursuant to a Prospectus.

Real Property . The term “Real Property” shall mean land, rights in land (including leasehold interests) and any buildings, structures, improvements, furnishings, fixtures and equipment located on or used in connection with land and rights or interests in land.

Reinvestment Plan . The term “Reinvestment Plan” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.10.

REIT . The term “REIT” shall mean a corporation, trust, association or other legal entity (other than a real estate syndication) that is engaged primarily in investing in equity interests in real estate (including fee ownership and leasehold interests) or in loans secured by real estate or both as defined pursuant to the REIT Provisions of the Code.

REIT Provisions of the Code . The term “REIT Provisions of the Code” shall mean Sections 856 through 860 of the Code and any successor or other provisions of the Code relating to real estate investment trusts (including provisions as to the attribution of ownership of beneficial interests therein) and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Restriction Termination Date . The term “Restriction Termination Date” shall mean the first day after any Initial Date on which the Corporation files, and the SDAT accepts for record, a Certificate of Notice setting forth the determination of the Board of Directors that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of Shares set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT.

Roll-Up Entity . The term “Roll-Up Entity” shall mean a partnership, real estate investment trust, corporation, trust or similar entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.

 

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Roll-Up Transaction . The term “Roll-Up Transaction” shall mean a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation either directly or indirectly of the Corporation and the issuance of securities of a Roll-Up Entity to the holders of Common Shares. Such term does not include:

(a) a transaction involving securities of the Corporation that have been listed on a national securities exchange for at least twelve months; or

(b) a transaction involving the conversion to corporate, trust or association form of only the Corporation, if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following:

(i) voting rights of the holders of Common Shares;

(ii) the term of existence of the Corporation;

(iii) Sponsor or Advisor compensation; or

(iv) the Corporation’s investment objectives.

Sale or Sales . The term “Sale” or “Sales” shall mean (i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby: (A) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Property or portion thereof, including the lease of any Property consisting of a building only, and including any event with respect to any Property which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards; (B) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Corporation or the Operating Partnership in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner; (C) any Joint Venture in which the Corporation or the Operating Partnership is a co-venturer or partner directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Property or portion thereof, including any event with respect to any Property which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards; (D) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its interest in any Mortgage or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any amounts owed pursuant to such Mortgage, and including any event with respect to any Mortgage which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; or (E) the Corporation or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other Asset not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof, but (ii) not including any transaction or series of transactions specified in clause (i) (A) through (E) above in which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested by the Corporation in one or more Assets within 180 days thereafter.

SDAT . The term “SDAT” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.4.

SEC . The term “SEC” shall mean the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

Securities . The term “Securities” shall mean any of the following issued by the Corporation, as the text requires: Shares, any other stock, shares or other evidences of equity or beneficial or other interests, voting trust certificates, bonds, debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, secured or unsecured, convertible, subordinated or otherwise, or in general any instruments commonly known as “securities” or any certificates of interest, shares or participations in, temporary or interim certificates for, receipts for, guarantees of or warrants, options or rights to subscribe to, purchase or acquire any of the foregoing.

Securities Act . The term “Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Securities Act shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.

 

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Selling Commissions . The term “Selling Commissions” shall mean any and all commissions payable to underwriters, dealer managers or other broker-dealers in connection with the sale of Shares, including, without limitation, commissions payable to the Dealer Manager.

Shares . The term “Shares” shall mean shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, including Common Shares or Preferred Shares.

Soliciting Dealers . The term “Soliciting Dealers” shall mean those broker-dealers that are members of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc., or that are exempt from broker-dealer registration, and that, in either case, enter into participating broker or other agreements with the Dealer Manager to sell Shares.

Sponsor . The term “Sponsor” shall mean any Person which (i) is directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, the Corporation, (ii) will control, manage or participate in the management of the Corporation, (iii) takes the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the Corporation, either alone or in conjunction with one or more other Persons, (iv) receives a material participation in the Corporation in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the Corporation, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property, (v) has a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the Corporation, (vi) possesses significant rights to control Properties, (vii) receives fees for providing services to the Corporation which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry or (viii) provides goods or services to the Corporation on a basis which was not negotiated at arm’s-length with the Corporation. “Sponsor” does not include any Person whose only relationship with the Corporation is that of an independent property manager and whose only compensation is as such, or wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services.

Stockholder List . The term “Stockholder List” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 11.5.

Stockholders . The term “Stockholders” shall mean the holders of record of the Shares as maintained in the books and records of the Corporation or its transfer agent.

Termination Date . The term “Termination Date” shall mean the date of termination of the Advisory Agreement.

Total Operating Expenses . The term “Total Operating Expenses” shall mean all costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Corporation, as determined under generally accepted accounting principles, that are in any way related to the operation of the Corporation or to corporate business, including advisory fees, but excluding (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing of the Shares, (ii) interest payments, (iii) taxes, (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance with the NASAA REIT Guidelines, (vi) Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses, (vii) real estate commissions on the Sale of Property and (viii) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, mortgage loans or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property).

Transfer . The term “Transfer” shall mean any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event that causes any Person to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares or the right to vote or receive dividends on Shares, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, including (i) the granting or exercise of any option (or any disposition of any option), (ii) any disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for Shares or any interest in Shares or any exercise of any such conversion or exchange right and (iii) Transfers of interests in other entities that result in changes in Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares; in each case, whether voluntary or involuntary, whether owned of record, Constructively Owned or Beneficially Owned and whether by operation of law or otherwise. The terms “Transferring” and “Transferred” shall have the correlative meanings.

 

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2%/25% Guidelines . The term “2%/25% Guidelines” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 8.10.

Unimproved Real Property . The term “Unimproved Real Property” shall mean Property in which the Corporation has an equity interest that was not acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other operating income, that has no development or construction in process and for which no development or construction is planned, in good faith, to commence within one year.

ARTICLE V

STOCK

Section 5.1 Authorized Shares . The Corporation has authority to issue 500,000,000 Shares, consisting of 450,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value per share (“Common Shares”), all of which are classified as Class P Common Stock (the “Class P Common Shares”), and 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.001 par value per share (“Preferred Shares”). The aggregate par value of all authorized Shares having par value is $500,000. All Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable when issued. If Shares of one class are classified or reclassified into Shares of another class pursuant to this Article V, the number of authorized Shares of the former class shall be automatically decreased and the number of Shares of the latter class shall be automatically increased, in each case by the number of Shares so classified or reclassified, so that the aggregate number of Shares of all classes that the Corporation has authority to issue shall not be more than the total number of Shares set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph. The Board of Directors, with the approval of a majority of the entire Board and without any action by the Stockholders, may amend the Charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of Shares or the number of Shares of any class or series that the Corporation has authority to issue.

Section 5.2 Common Shares .

Section 5.2.1 Common Shares Subject to Terms of Preferred Shares . The Common Shares shall be subject to the express terms of any series of Preferred Shares.

Section 5.2.2 Description . Subject to the provisions of Article VI and except as may otherwise be specified in the Charter, each Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote per share on all matters upon which Stockholders are entitled to vote pursuant to Section 11.2. The Board may classify or reclassify any unissued Common Shares from time to time into one or more classes or series of Shares; provided , however , that, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a Private Placement shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.

Section 5.2.3 Rights Upon Liquidation . In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up, or any Distribution of the Assets, the aggregate Assets available for Distribution to holders of the Common Shares shall be determined in accordance with applicable law. The holder of each Class P Common Share shall be entitled to be paid, out of the Assets that are legally available for distribution to the Stockholders, a liquidation payment equal to the Net Asset Value per Class P Common Share.

Section 5.2.4 Voting Rights . Except as may be provided otherwise in the Charter, and subject to the express terms of any series of Preferred Shares, the holders of the Common Shares shall have the exclusive right to vote on all matters (as to which a common stockholder shall be entitled to vote pursuant to applicable law) at all meetings of the Stockholders. The holders of Common Shares shall vote together as a single class on all actions to be taken by the Stockholders; provided , however , that, to the extent the Corporation designates any classes of Common Shares in addition to the Class P Common Shares, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then outstanding applicable class of Common Shares, with no other class of Common Shares voting except the applicable class of Common Shares voting as a separate class, shall be required (a) to amend the Charter if such amendment would materially and adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of only such class of Common Shares, (b) on any matter submitted to Stockholders that relates solely to such class of Common Shares or (c) on any matter submitted to Stockholders in which the interests of such class of Common Shares differ from the interests of any other class of Common Shares.

 

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Section 5.3 Preferred Shares . The Board may classify any unissued Preferred Shares and reclassify any previously classified but unissued Preferred Shares of any series from time to time, into one or more classes or series of Shares; provided , however , that, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a Private Placement shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.

Section 5.4 Classified or Reclassified Shares . Prior to issuance of classified or reclassified Shares of any class or series, the Board by resolution shall: (a) designate that class or series to distinguish it from all other classes and series of Shares; (b) specify the number of Shares to be included in the class or series; (c) set or change, subject to the provisions of Article VI and subject to the express terms of any class or series of Shares outstanding at the time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other Distributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series; and (d) cause the Corporation to file articles supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (“SDAT”). Any of the terms of any class or series of Shares set or changed pursuant to clause (c) of this Section 5.4 may be made dependent upon facts or events ascertainable outside the Charter (including determinations by the Board or other facts or events within the control of the Corporation) and may vary among holders thereof, provided that the manner in which such facts, events or variations shall operate upon the terms of such class or series of Shares is clearly and expressly set forth in the articles supplementary or other charter document.

Section 5.5 Distributions . The Board of Directors may from time to time authorize the Corporation to declare and pay to Stockholders such dividends or other Distributions in cash or other assets of the Corporation or in securities of the Corporation, including in Shares of one class payable to holders of Shares of another class, or from any other source as the Board of Directors in its discretion shall determine. The Board of Directors shall endeavor to authorize the Corporation to declare and pay such dividends and other Distributions as shall be necessary for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT under the Code; provided , however , Stockholders shall have no right to any dividend or other Distribution unless and until authorized by the Board and declared by the Corporation. The exercise of the powers and rights of the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 5.5 shall be subject to the provisions of any class or series of Shares at the time outstanding. The receipt by any Person in whose name any Shares are registered on the records of the Corporation or by his or her duly authorized agent shall be a sufficient discharge for all dividends or other Distributions payable or deliverable in respect of such Shares and from all liability to see to the application thereof. Distributions in kind shall not be permitted following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, except for distributions of readily marketable securities, distributions of beneficial interests in a liquidating trust established for the dissolution of the Corporation and the liquidation of its assets in accordance with the terms of the Charter or distributions in which (a) the Board advises each Stockholder of the risks associated with direct ownership of the property, (b) the Board offers each Stockholder the election of receiving such in-kind distributions and (c) in-kind distributions are made only to those Stockholders that accept such offer.

Section 5.6 Charter and Bylaws . The rights of all Stockholders and the terms of all Shares are subject to the provisions of the Charter and the Bylaws.

Section 5.7 No Issuance of Share Certificates . Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the Corporation shall not issue stock certificates. A Stockholder’s investment shall be recorded on the books of the Corporation. To transfer his or her Shares, a Stockholder shall submit an executed form to the Corporation, which form shall be provided by the Corporation upon request. Such transfer will also be recorded on the books of the Corporation. Upon issuance or transfer of Shares, the Corporation will provide the Stockholder with information concerning his or her rights with regard to such Shares, as required by the Bylaws and the MGCL or other applicable law.

 

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Section 5.8 Suitability of Stockholders . Until Listing, the following provisions shall apply to the sale of Common Shares to the public pursuant to the Initial Public Offering or any other Public Offering:

Section 5.8.1 Investor Suitability Standards . Subject to suitability standards established by individual states, to become a Stockholder, if such prospective Stockholder is an individual (including an individual beneficiary of a purchasing individual retirement account), or if the prospective Stockholder is a fiduciary (such as a trustee of a trust or corporate pension or profit sharing plan, or other tax-exempt organization, or a custodian under a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act), such individual or fiduciary, as the case may be, must represent to the Corporation, among other requirements as the Corporation may require from time to time:

(a) that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Shares) has a minimum annual gross income of $70,000 and a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $70,000; or

(b) that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Shares) has a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $250,000.

Section 5.8.2 Determination of Suitability of Sale . The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of Common Shares by a Stockholder is a suitable and appropriate investment for such Stockholder. In making this determination, the Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall ascertain that the prospective Stockholder: (a) meets the minimum income and net worth standards established for the Corporation; (b) can reasonably benefit from the Corporation based on the prospective Stockholder’s overall investment objectives and portfolio structure; (c) is able to bear the economic risk of the investment based on the prospective Stockholder’s overall financial situation; and (d) has apparent understanding of (i) the fundamental risks of the investment; (ii) the risk that the Stockholder may lose the entire investment; (iii) the lack of liquidity of the Common Shares; (iv) the restrictions on transferability of the Common Shares; and (v) the tax consequences of the investment.

The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall make this determination with respect to each prospective Stockholder on the basis of information it has obtained from such prospective Stockholder. Relevant information for this purpose will include at least the age, investment objectives, investment experiences, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective Stockholder, as well as any other pertinent factors.

The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in Common Shares is suitable and appropriate for a Stockholder. The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Shares on behalf of the Corporation shall maintain these records for at least six years.

Section 5.8.3 Minimum Investment and Transfer . Subject to certain individual state requirements and except with respect to the issuance of Common Shares under the Reinvestment Plan, no initial sale or transfer of Common Shares of less than $3,000 for each Person and $1,000 for tax-exempt entities, or such other amount as determined by the Board, will be permitted.

Section 5.9 Repurchase of Shares . The Board may establish, from time to time, a program or programs by which the Corporation voluntarily repurchases Shares from its Stockholders; provided , however , that such repurchase does not impair the capital or operations of the Corporation. Neither the Sponsor, the Advisor, any member of the Board or any Affiliate thereof may receive any fees arising out of the repurchase of Shares by the Corporation.

Section 5.10 Distribution Reinvestment Plans . The Board may establish, from time to time, a Distribution reinvestment plan or plans (each, a “Reinvestment Plan”). Under any such Reinvestment Plan, (a) all material information regarding Distributions to the Stockholders and the effect of reinvesting such Distributions, including the tax consequences thereof, shall be provided to the Stockholders not less often than annually, and (b) each Stockholder participating in such Reinvestment Plan shall have a reasonable opportunity to withdraw from the Reinvestment Plan not less often than annually after receipt of the information required in clause (a) above.

 

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ARTICLE VI

RESTRICTION ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES

Section 6.1 Shares .

Section 6.1.1 Ownership Limitations . During the period commencing on the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date, but subject to Section 6.3:

(a) Basic Restrictions .

(i) (1) No Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, (2) no Person, other than an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of the Common Share Ownership Limit and (3) no Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder.

(ii) No Person shall Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares to the extent that such Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares would result in the Corporation being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year), or otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT (including, but not limited to, Beneficial or Constructive Ownership that would result in the Corporation owning (actually or Constructively) an interest in a tenant that is described in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code if the income derived by the Corporation from such tenant would cause the Corporation to fail to satisfy any of the gross income requirements of Section 856(c) of the Code).

(iii) Any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in Shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.

(b) Transfer in Trust . If any Transfer of Shares occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii),

(i) then that number of Shares the Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii) (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 6.2, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such Shares; or

(ii) if the Transfer to the Charitable Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii), then the Transfer of that number of Shares that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 6.1.1(a)(i) or (ii) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares.

To the extent that, upon a transfer of Shares pursuant to this Section 6.1.1(b), a violation of any provision of this Article VI would nonetheless be continuing (for example where the ownership of Shares by a single Charitable Trust would violate the 100 stockholder requirement applicable to REITs), then Shares shall be transferred to that number of Charitable Trusts, each having a distinct Charitable Trustee and a Charitable Beneficiary or Beneficiaries that are distinct from those of each other Charitable Trust, such that there is no violation of any provision of this Article VI.

Section 6.1.2 Remedies for Breach . If the Board of Directors or its designee (including any duly authorized committee of the Board) shall at any time determine that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 6.1.1 or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire

 

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Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of any Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1 (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board of Directors or its designee shall take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Corporation to redeem Shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided , however , that any Transfers or attempted Transfers or other events in violation of Section 6.1.1 shall automatically result in the Transfer to the Charitable Trust described above, and, where applicable, such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors or its designee.

Section 6.1.3 Notice of Restricted Transfer . Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Shares that will or may violate Section 6.1.1(a), or any Person who would have owned Shares that resulted in a Transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 6.1.1(b), shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event, or in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer on the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

Section 6.1.4 Owners Required To Provide Information . From the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date:

(a) every owner of more than five percent (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding Shares, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of Shares Beneficially Owned and a description of the manner in which such Shares are held. Each such owner shall provide to the Corporation such additional information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation’s status as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, the Common Share Ownership Limit and the other restrictions set forth herein; and

(b) each Person who is a Beneficial or Constructive Owner of Shares and each Person (including the Stockholder of record) who is holding Shares for a Beneficial or Constructive Owner shall provide to the Corporation such information as the Corporation may request, in order to determine the Corporation’s status as a REIT and to comply with requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.

Section 6.1.5 Remedies Not Limited . Subject to Section 7.10 of the Charter, nothing contained in this Section 6.1 shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation and the interests of its Stockholders in preserving the Corporation’s status as a REIT.

Section 6.1.6 Ambiguity . In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 6.1, Section 6.2 or any definition contained in Article IV, the Board of Directors may determine the application of the provisions of this Section 6.1 or Section 6.2 with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it. In the event Section 6.1 or 6.2 requires an action by the Board of Directors and the Charter fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors may determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of Article IV or Sections 6.1 or 6.2. Absent a decision to the contrary by the Board of Directors (which the Board may make in its sole and absolute discretion), if a Person would have (but for the remedies set forth in Section 6.1.2) acquired Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of Shares in violation of Section 6.1.1, such remedies (as applicable) shall apply first to the Shares which, but for such remedies, would have been Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned (but not actually owned) by such Person, pro rata among the Persons who actually own such Shares based upon the relative number of the Shares held by each such Person.

 

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Section 6.1.7 Exceptions .

(a) Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a Person from the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and the Common Share Ownership Limit, as the case may be, and may establish or increase an Excepted Holder Limit for such Person if:

(i) the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary for the Board to ascertain that no individual’s Beneficial or Constructive Ownership of such Shares will violate Section 6.1.1(a)(ii);

(ii) such Person does not and represents that it will not own, actually or Constructively, an interest in a tenant of the Corporation (or a tenant of any entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) that would cause the Corporation to own, actually or Constructively, more than a 9.9% interest (as set forth in Section 856(d)(2)(B) of the Code) in such tenant and the Board of Directors obtains such representations and undertakings from such Person as are reasonably necessary to ascertain this fact (for this purpose, a tenant from whom the Corporation (or an entity owned or controlled by the Corporation) derives (and is expected to continue to derive) a sufficiently small amount of revenue such that, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, rent from such tenant would not adversely affect the Corporation’s ability to qualify as a REIT, shall not be treated as a tenant of the Corporation); and

(iii) such Person agrees that any violation or attempted violation of such representations or undertakings (or other action which is contrary to the restrictions contained in Sections 6.1.1 through 6.1.6) will result in such Shares being automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust in accordance with Sections 6.1.1(b) and 6.2.

(b) Prior to granting any exception pursuant to Section 6.1.7(a), the Board of Directors may require a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s status as a REIT. Notwithstanding the receipt of any ruling or opinion, the Board of Directors may impose such conditions or restrictions as it deems appropriate in connection with granting such exception.

(c) Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), an underwriter which participates in a Public Offering or a Private Placement of Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Shares (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Shares) in excess of the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, the Common Share Ownership Limit or both such limits, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such Public Offering or Private Placement.

(d) The Board of Directors may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder: (i) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time, or (ii) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder. No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less than the Common Share Ownership Limit.

Section 6.1.8 Increase or Decrease in Aggregate Share Ownership and Common Share Ownership Limits . Subject to Section 6.1.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may from time to time increase or decrease the Common Share Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for one or more Persons and increase or decrease the Common Share Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Share Ownership Limit for all other Persons. No decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit will be effective for any Person whose percentage of ownership in Shares is in excess of such decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, as applicable, until such time as such Person’s percentage of ownership in Shares equals or falls below the decreased Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit, but any further acquisition of Shares in excess of such percentage ownership of Shares will be in violation of the Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit and, provided , further , that the new Common Share Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Share Ownership Limit would not allow five or fewer Persons to Beneficially Own more than 49.9% in value of the outstanding Shares.

 

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Section 6.1.9 Legend . Any certificate representing Shares shall bear substantially the following legend:

The Shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on Beneficial and Constructive Ownership and Transfer for the purpose, among others, of the Corporation’s maintenance of its status as a real estate investment trust (a “REIT”) under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Corporation’s charter, (i) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Common Shares in excess of 9.8% (in value or number of Common Shares) of the outstanding Common Shares unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess of 9.8% of the value of the total outstanding Shares, unless such Person is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iii) no Person may Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares that would result in the Corporation being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code or otherwise cause the Corporation to fail to qualify as a REIT; and (iv) any Transfer of Shares that, if effective, would result in Shares being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 Persons (as determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio , and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such Shares. Any Person who Beneficially or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares which cause or will cause a Person to Beneficially or Constructively Own Shares in excess or in violation of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation in writing (or, in the case of an attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice). If any of the restrictions on Transfer or ownership as set forth in (i), (ii) or (iii) above are violated, the Shares in excess or in violation of the above limitations will be automatically Transferred to a Charitable Trust for the benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. In addition, the Corporation may redeem Shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion if the Board of Directors determines that ownership or a Transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above. Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described in (i), (ii) or (iii) above may be void ab initio . All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the Corporation’s charter, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on Transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of Shares on request and without charge. Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its principal office.

Instead of the foregoing legend, the certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement about certain restrictions on transferability to a Stockholder on request and without charge. In the case of uncertificated Shares, the Corporation will send the holder of such Shares, on request and without charge, a written statement of the information otherwise required on certificates.

 

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Section 6.2 Transfer of Shares in Trust .

Section 6.2.1 Ownership in Trust . Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 6.1.1(b) that would result in a Transfer of Shares to a Charitable Trust, such Shares shall be deemed to have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee as trustee of a Charitable Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such Transfer to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the purported Transfer or other event that results in the Transfer to the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.1.1(b). The Charitable Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 6.2.6.

Section 6.2.2 Status of Shares Held by the Charitable Trustee . Shares held by the Charitable Trustee shall continue to be issued and outstanding Shares. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the Shares held by the Charitable Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any Shares held in trust by the Charitable Trustee, shall have no rights to dividends or other Distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the Shares held in the Charitable Trust.

Section 6.2.3 Dividend and Voting Rights . The Charitable Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other Distributions with respect to Shares held in the Charitable Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any dividend or other Distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such dividend or other Distribution to the Charitable Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other Distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Charitable Trustee. Any dividends or other Distributions so paid over to the Charitable Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to Shares held in the Charitable Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee, the Charitable Trustee shall have the authority (at the Charitable Trustee’s sole discretion) (a) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee and (b) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Charitable Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the Charitable Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VI, until the Corporation has received notification that Shares have been Transferred into a Charitable Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its share transfer and other Stockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of Stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise conducting votes and determining the other rights of Stockholders.

Section 6.2.4 Sale of Shares by Charitable Trustee . Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trust, the Charitable Trustee shall sell the Shares held in the Charitable Trust to a Person, designated by the Charitable Trustee, whose ownership of the Shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 6.1.1(a). Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 6.2.4. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (a) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the Shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the Shares in connection with the event causing the Shares to be held in the Charitable Trust ( e.g. , in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Market Price of the Shares on the day of the event causing the Shares to be held in the Charitable Trust and (b) the price per share received by the Charitable Trustee (net of any commissions and other expenses of sale) from the sale or other disposition of the Shares held in the Charitable Trust. The Charitable Trustee may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other Distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Charitable Trustee pursuant to Section 6.2.3 of this Article VI. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that Shares have been Transferred to the Charitable Trustee, such Shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (i) such Shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Charitable Trust and (ii) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such Shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 6.2.4, such excess shall be paid to the Charitable Trustee upon demand.

 

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Section 6.2.5 Purchase Right in Shares Transferred to the Charitable Trustee . Shares Transferred to the Charitable Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per Share equal to the lesser of (a) the price per Share in the transaction that resulted in such Transfer to the Charitable Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (b) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Charitable Trustee has sold the Shares held in the Charitable Trust pursuant to Section 6.2.4. Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Charitable Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner. The Corporation may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other Distributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Charitable Trustee pursuant to Section 6.2.3 of this Article VI. The Corporation may pay the amount of such reduction to the Charitable Trustee for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary.

Section 6.2.6 Designation of Charitable Beneficiaries . By written notice to the Charitable Trustee, the Corporation shall designate one or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Charitable Trust such that (a) Shares held in the Charitable Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 6.1.1(a) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary and (b) each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.

Section 6.3 NYSE Transactions . Nothing in this Article VI shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or automated inter-dealer quotation system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any other provision of this Article VI and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article VI.

Section 6.4 Enforcement . The Corporation is authorized specifically to seek equitable relief, including injunctive relief, to enforce the provisions of this Article VI.

Section 6.5 Non-Waiver . No delay or failure on the part of the Corporation or the Board of Directors in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of any right of the Corporation or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, except to the extent specifically waived in writing.

ARTICLE VII

PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING

AND REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE

CORPORATION AND OF THE STOCKHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS

Section 7.1 Number of Directors . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors. The number of Directors of the Corporation (the “Directors”) shall be five, which number may be increased or decreased from time to time pursuant to the Bylaws; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the total number of Directors shall not be fewer than three. Upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, a majority of the Board will be Independent Directors except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Director pending the election of such Independent Director’s successor. The names of the Directors who shall serve until the first annual meeting of Stockholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify are:

 

Mitchell A. Sabshon
Donald MacKinnon
Norman A. Feinstein
Cynthia Foster
Robert N. Jenkins

 

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These Directors may increase the number of Directors and fill any vacancy, whether resulting from an increase in the number of Directors or otherwise, on the Board of Directors prior to the first annual meeting of Stockholders in the manner provided in the Bylaws.

The Corporation elects, at such time as it becomes eligible to make the election provided for under Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, that, except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of Preferred Shares, any and all vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the remaining Directors in office, even if the remaining Directors do not constitute a quorum, and any Director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which such vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, Independent Directors shall nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors’ positions.

Section 7.2 Experience . Upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, each Director shall have at least three years of relevant experience demonstrating the knowledge and experience required to successfully acquire and manage the type of assets being acquired by the Corporation and at least one of the Independent Directors shall have three years of relevant real estate experience.

Section 7.3 Committees . The Board may establish such committees as it deems appropriate, in its discretion, provided that, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the majority of the members of each committee are Independent Directors.

Section 7.4 Term . Except as may otherwise be provided in the terms of any Preferred Shares issued by the Corporation with respect to the termination after less than one year of the term of office of any Director elected by the holders of such Preferred Shares, each Director shall hold office for one year, until the next annual meeting of Stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Directors may be elected to an unlimited number of successive terms.

Section 7.5 Fiduciary Obligations . The Directors serve in a fiduciary capacity to the Corporation and have a fiduciary duty to the Stockholders, including a specific fiduciary duty to supervise the relationship of the Corporation with the Advisor.

Section 7.6 Extraordinary Actions . Notwithstanding any provision of law permitting or requiring any action to be taken or approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of Shares entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and taken or approved by the affirmative vote of holders of Shares entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

Section 7.7 Authorization by Board of Stock Issuance . The Board of Directors may authorize the issuance from time to time of Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into Shares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable (including as compensation for the Independent Directors or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in the Charter or the Bylaws. Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the issuance of Preferred Shares shall also be approved by a majority of Independent Directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who shall have access at the Corporation’s expense to the Corporation’s legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.

Section 7.8 Preemptive Rights and Appraisal Rights . Except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of classified or reclassified Shares pursuant to Section 5.4 or as may otherwise be provided by contract approved by the Board of Directors, no holder of Shares shall, as such holder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional Shares or any other Security which the Corporation may issue or sell. Holders of Shares shall not be entitled to exercise any rights of an objecting stockholder provided for under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the MGCL or any successor statute unless the Board of Directors, upon such terms and conditions as may be specified by the Board of Directors, shall determine that such rights apply, with respect to all or any classes or series of Shares, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such Shares would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights.

 

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Section 7.9 Determinations by Board . The determination as to any of the following matters, made by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors consistent with the Charter, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Corporation and every holder of Shares: the amount of the Net Income for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, redemption of Shares or the payment of other Distributions on Shares; the amount of paid-in surplus, Net Assets, other surplus, annual or other cash flow, funds from operations, net profit, Net Assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on Sales of Assets; the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been paid or discharged); any interpretation or resolution of any ambiguity with respect to any provision of the Charter (including any of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other Distributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any shares of any class or series of Shares) or of the Bylaws; the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any Asset owned or held by the Corporation or any Shares; the number of Shares of any class of the Corporation; any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any Assets by the Corporation; any interpretation of the terms and conditions of one or more agreements with any Person; the application of any provision of the Charter in the case of any ambiguity, including, without limitation: (i) any provision of the definitions of any of the following: Affiliate, Independent Director and Sponsor, (ii) which amounts paid to the Advisor or its Affiliates are property-level expenses connected with the ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property, (iii) which expenses are excluded from the definition of Total Operating Expenses and (iv) whether expenses qualify as Organization and Offering Expenses; any conflict between the MGCL and the provisions set forth in the NASAA REIT Guidelines; or any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Corporation or required or permitted by applicable law, the Charter or Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board of Directors; provided , however , that any determination by the Board of Directors as to any of the preceding matters shall not render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination and no Director shall be liable for making or failing to make such a determination; and provided , further , that to the extent the Board determines, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, that the MGCL conflicts with the provisions set forth in the NASAA REIT Guidelines, the NASAA REIT Guidelines control to the extent any provisions of the MGCL are not mandatory.

Section 7.10 REIT Qualification . If the Corporation elects to qualify for federal income tax treatment as a REIT, the Board of Directors shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the status of the Corporation as a REIT; however, if the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to qualify as a REIT, the Board of Directors may revoke or otherwise terminate the Corporation’s REIT election pursuant to Section 856(g) of the Code. The Board of Directors also may determine that compliance with any restriction or limitation on stock ownership and Transfers set forth in Article VI is no longer required for REIT qualification.

Section 7.11 Removal of Directors . Subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Shares to elect or remove one or more Directors, any Director, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time, but only by the affirmative vote of at least a majority of the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of Directors.

Section 7.12 Board Action with Respect to Certain Matters . Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, a majority of the Independent Directors must approve any Board action to which the following sections of the NASAA REIT Guidelines apply: II.A., II.C., II.F., II.G., IV.A., IV.B., IV.C., IV.D., IV.E., IV.F., IV.G., V.E., V.H., V.J., VI.A., VI.B.4, and VI.G.

 

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ARTICLE VIII

ADVISOR

Section 8.1 Appointment and Initial Investment of Advisor . The Board is responsible for setting the general policies of the Corporation and for the general supervision of its business conducted by officers, agents, employees, advisors or independent contractors of the Corporation. However, the Board is not required personally to conduct the business of the Corporation, and it may (but need not) appoint, employ or contract with any Person (including a Person Affiliated with any Director) as an Advisor and may grant or delegate such authority to the Advisor as the Board may, in its sole discretion, deem necessary or desirable. Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the term of retention of any Advisor shall not exceed one year, although there is no limit to the number of times that a particular Advisor may be retained. Prior to the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Advisor or its Affiliates will make an Initial Investment of $200,000 in the Corporation. The Advisor or any such Affiliate may not sell the Initial Investment while the Advisor or its Affiliate remains a Sponsor but may transfer the Initial Investment to other Affiliates.

Section 8.2 Supervision of Advisor . The Board shall review and evaluate the qualifications of the Advisor before entering into, and shall evaluate the performance of the Advisor before renewing, an Advisory Agreement, and the criteria used in such evaluation shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. The Board may exercise broad discretion in allowing the Advisor to administer and regulate the operations of the Corporation, to act as agent for the Corporation, to execute documents on behalf of the Corporation and to make executive decisions that conform to general policies and principles established by the Board. The Board shall monitor the Advisor to assure that the administrative procedures, operations and programs of the Corporation are in the best interests of the Stockholders and are fulfilled. The Independent Directors are responsible for reviewing the fees and expenses of the Corporation at least annually or with sufficient frequency to determine that the expenses incurred are reasonable in light of the investment performance of the Corporation, its Net Assets, its Net Income and the fees and expenses of other comparable unaffiliated REITs. Each such determination shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. The Independent Directors also will be responsible for reviewing, from time to time and at least annually, the performance of the Advisor and determining that compensation to be paid to the Advisor is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that such compensation is within the limits prescribed by the Charter. The Independent Directors shall also supervise the performance of the Advisor and the compensation paid to the Advisor by the Corporation in order to determine that the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out. Specifically, the Independent Directors will consider factors such as (a) the amount of the fee paid to the Advisor in relation to the size, composition and performance of the Assets, (b) the success of the Advisor in generating opportunities that meet the investment objectives of the Corporation, (c) rates charged to other REITs and to investors other than REITs by advisors performing the same or similar services, (d) additional revenues realized by the Advisor and its Affiliates through their relationship with the Corporation, including loan administration, underwriting or broker commissions, servicing, engineering, inspection and other fees, whether paid by the Corporation or by others with whom the Corporation does business, (e) the quality and extent of service and advice furnished by the Advisor, (f) the performance of the Assets, including income, conservation or appreciation of capital, frequency of problem investments and competence in dealing with distress situations, and (g) the quality of the Assets relative to the investments generated by the Advisor for its own account. The Independent Directors may also consider all other factors that they deem relevant, and the findings of the Independent Directors on each of the factors considered shall be recorded in the minutes of the Board. The Board shall determine whether any successor Advisor possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function for the Corporation and whether the compensation provided for in its contract with the Corporation is justified.

Section 8.3 Fiduciary Obligations . The Advisor shall have a fiduciary responsibility and duty to the Corporation and to the Stockholders.

Section 8.4 Affiliation and Functions . The Board, by resolution or in the Bylaws, may provide guidelines, provisions or requirements concerning the affiliation and functions of the Advisor.

 

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Section 8.5 Termination . A majority of the Independent Directors may terminate the Advisory Agreement on 60 days’ written notice without cause or penalty, and, in such event, the Advisor will cooperate with the Corporation and the Operating Partnership in making an orderly transition of the advisory function.

Section 8.6 Disposition Fee on Sale of Property . The Corporation may pay the Advisor a real estate commission upon the Sale of one or more Properties, in an amount equal to the lesser of (a) one-half of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or (b) three percent of the sales price of such Property or Properties. Payment of such fee may be made only if the Advisor provides a substantial amount of services in connection with the Sale of a Property or Properties, as determined by a majority of the Independent Directors. In addition, the amount paid when added to all other real estate commissions paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with such Sale shall not exceed the lesser of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or an amount equal to six percent of the sales price of such Property or Properties.

Section 8.7 Incentive Fees . The Corporation may pay the Advisor an interest in the gain from the Sale of Assets, for which full consideration is not paid in cash or property of equivalent value, provided the amount or percentage of such interest is reasonable. Such an interest in gain from the Sale of Assets shall be considered presumptively reasonable if it does not exceed 15% of the balance of such net proceeds remaining after payment to holders of Common Shares, in the aggregate, of an amount equal to 100% of the Invested Capital, plus an amount equal to six percent of the Invested Capital per annum cumulative. In the case of multiple Advisors, such Advisor and any of their Affiliates shall be allowed such fees provided such fees are distributed by a proportional method reasonably designed to reflect the value added to the Assets by each respective Advisor or any Affiliate.

Section 8.8 Organization and Offering Expenses Limitation . The Corporation shall reimburse the Advisor and its Affiliates for Organization and Offering Expenses incurred by the Advisor or its Affiliates; provided , however , that the total amount of all Organization and Offering Expenses shall be reasonable and shall in no event exceed 15% of the Gross Proceeds of each Offering.

Section 8.9 Acquisition Fees . The Corporation may pay the Advisor and its Affiliates fees for the review and evaluation of potential investments in Assets; provided , however , that the total of all Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses shall be reasonable, and shall not exceed an amount equal to six percent of the Contract Purchase Price or, in the case of a Mortgage, six percent of the funds advanced; and provided , further , that a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction may approve fees and expenses in excess of this limit if they determine the transaction to be commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to the Corporation.

Section 8.10 Reimbursement for Total Operating Expenses . The Corporation may reimburse the Advisor, at the end of each fiscal quarter, for Total Operating Expenses incurred by the Advisor; provided , however that, following the later of the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering and the fourth fiscal quarter after the quarter in which the Corporation makes its first investment in an Asset, the Corporation shall not reimburse the Advisor at the end of any fiscal quarter for Total Operating Expenses that, in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended, exceed the greater of two percent of Average Invested Assets or 25% of Net Income (the “2%/25% Guidelines”) for such year. The Independent Directors shall have the responsibility of limiting Total Operating Expenses to amounts that do not exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines unless they have made a finding that, based on such unusual and non-recurring factors that they deem sufficient, a higher level of expenses (an “Excess Amount”) is justified. Within 60 days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Corporation for which there is an Excess Amount which the Independent Directors conclude was justified and reimbursable to the Advisor, there shall be sent to the holders of Common Shares a written disclosure of such fact, together with an explanation of the factors the Independent Directors considered in determining that such Excess Amount was justified. Any such finding and the reasons in support thereof shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. In the event that the Independent Directors do not determine that excess expenses are justified, the Advisor shall reimburse the Corporation the amount by which the expenses exceeded the 2%/25% Guidelines.

Section 8.11 Reimbursement Limitation . The Corporation shall not reimburse the Advisor or its Affiliates for services for which the Advisor or its Affiliates are entitled to compensation in the form of a separate fee.

 

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ARTICLE IX

INVESTMENT POLICIES AND LIMITATIONS

Section 9.1 Review of Investment Policies . The Independent Directors shall review the investment policies of the Corporation with sufficient frequency (and, upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, not less often than annually) to determine that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of its Stockholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of the meetings of the Board.

Section 9.2 Certain Permitted Investments .

(a) The Corporation may invest in Assets.

(b) The Corporation may invest in Joint Ventures with the Sponsor, the Advisor, one or more Directors, one or more officers of the Corporation or any Affiliate, only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on substantially the same terms and conditions as those received by the other joint venturers.

(c) Subject to any limitations in Section 9.3, the Corporation may invest in equity securities, provided that if such equity securities are not listed on a national securities exchange or traded in an over-the-counter market, such investment shall be permitted only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.

Section 9.3 Investment Limitations . In addition to other investment restrictions imposed by the Board from time to time, consistent with the Corporation’s objective of qualifying as a REIT, the following shall apply to the Corporation’s investments:

(a) Not more than ten percent of the Corporation’s total assets shall be invested in Unimproved Real Property or mortgage loans on Unimproved Real Property.

(b) The Corporation shall not invest in commodities or commodity future contracts. This limitation is not intended to apply to futures contracts, when used solely for hedging purposes in connection with the Corporation’s ordinary business of investing in real estate assets and Mortgages.

(c) The Corporation shall not invest in or make any Mortgage unless an appraisal is obtained concerning the underlying property except for those loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency. In cases in which a majority of Independent Directors so determine, such appraisal of the underlying property must be obtained from an Independent Appraiser. Such appraisal shall be maintained in the Corporation’s records for at least five years and shall be available for inspection and duplication by any holder of Common Shares for a reasonable charge. In addition to the appraisal, a mortgagee’s or owner’s title insurance policy or commitment as to the priority of the Mortgage or condition of the title must be obtained.

(d) The Corporation shall not make or invest in any Mortgage, including a construction loan, on any one property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans outstanding on the property, including the loans of the Corporation, would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of the property as determined by appraisal unless substantial justification exists because of the presence of other underwriting criteria. For purposes of this subsection, the “aggregate amount of all mortgage loans outstanding on the property, including the loans of the Corporation” shall include all interest (excluding contingent participation in income and/or appreciation in value of the mortgaged property), the current payment of which may be deferred pursuant to the terms of such loans, to the extent that deferred interest on each loan exceeds five percent per annum of the principal balance of the loan.

 

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(e) The Corporation shall not invest in indebtedness secured by a Mortgage on Real Property which is subordinate to the lien or other indebtedness of the Advisor, any Director, the Sponsor or any Affiliate of the Corporation.

(f) The Corporation shall not issue (i) equity Securities redeemable solely at the option of the holder (except that Stockholders may offer their Common Shares to the Corporation pursuant to any repurchase plan adopted by the Board on terms outlined in the Prospectus or private placement memorandum, as applicable, relating to any Offering, as such plan is thereafter amended in accordance with its terms); (ii) debt Securities unless the historical debt service coverage (in the most recently completed fiscal year) as adjusted for known changes is sufficient to properly service that higher level of debt, as determined by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer of the Corporation; (iii) equity Securities on a deferred payment basis or under similar arrangements; or (iv) options or warrants to the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof except on the same terms as such options or warrants, if any, are sold to the general public. Options or warrants may be issued to Persons other than the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof, but not at exercise prices less than the fair market value of the underlying Securities on the date of grant and not for consideration (which may include services) that in the judgment of the Independent Directors has a market value less than the value of such option or warrant on the date of grant. Options or warrants issuable to the Advisor, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof shall not exceed ten percent of the outstanding Shares on the date of grant. Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a Private Placement shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.

(g) A majority of the Directors or of the members of a duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors shall authorize the consideration to be paid for Real Property, ordinarily based on the fair market value of the Real Property. If a majority of the Independent Directors on the Board of Directors or such duly authorized committee determine, or if the Real Property is acquired from the Advisor, a Director, the Sponsor or their Affiliates, such fair market value shall be determined by a qualified Independent Appraiser selected by such Independent Directors.

(h) The aggregate Leverage shall be reasonable in relation to the Net Assets and shall be reviewed by the Board at least quarterly. The maximum amount of such Leverage in relation to Net Assets shall not exceed 300%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Leverage may exceed such limit if any excess in borrowing over such level is approved by a majority of the Independent Directors. Any such excess borrowing shall be disclosed to Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Corporation following such borrowing, along with justification for such excess.

(i) The Corporation will continually review its investment activity to attempt to ensure that it is not classified as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

(j) The Corporation will not make any investment that the Corporation believes will be inconsistent with its objectives of qualifying and remaining qualified as a REIT unless and until the Board determines, in its sole discretion, that REIT qualification is not in the best interests of the Corporation.

(k) The Corporation shall not invest in real estate contracts of sale unless such contracts of sale are in recordable form and appropriately recorded in the chain of title.

(l) The Corporation shall not engage in securities trading, or engage in the business of underwriting or the agency distribution of securities issued by other Persons.

(m) The Corporation shall not acquire interests or securities in any entity holding investments or engaging in activities prohibited by this Article IX except for investments in which the Corporation holds a non-controlling interest or investments in publicly-traded entities. For these purposes, a “publicly-traded entity” shall mean any entity having securities listed on a national securities exchange or traded in an over-the-counter market.

 

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ARTICLE X

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

Section 10.1 Sales and Leases to the Corporation . The Corporation shall not purchase or lease an Asset or Assets from the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof.

Section 10.2 Sales and Leases to the Sponsor, Advisor, Directors or Affiliates . The Advisor, the Sponsor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof shall not purchase or lease an Asset or Assets from the Corporation.

Section 10.3 Other Transactions .

(a) The Corporation shall not make loans to the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof except loans to wholly owned subsidiaries of the Corporation. The Corporation may not borrow money from the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof, unless approved by a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction as fair, competitive, and commercially reasonable, and no less favorable to the Corporation than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same circumstances.

(b) The Corporation shall not engage in any other transaction with the Sponsor, the Advisor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof unless a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on terms and conditions no less favorable to the Corporation than those available from unaffiliated third parties.

ARTICLE XI

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 11.1 Meetings . The Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall take reasonable steps to insure that there shall be an annual meeting of the Stockholders, to be held on such date and at such time and place as shall be determined by or in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws, at which the Directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be conducted; provided that such annual meeting will be held upon reasonable notice and within a reasonable period (not less than 30 days) following delivery of the annual report. The holders of a majority of Shares entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present, may, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, vote to elect the Directors. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, prior to the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, a plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of Stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a Director. A quorum shall be the presence in person or by proxy of Stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter. Special meetings of Stockholders may be called in the manner provided in the Bylaws, including by the chief executive officer, the president or the chairman of the board or by a majority of the Directors or a majority of the Independent Directors, and shall be called by the secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of Stockholders upon the written request of Stockholders entitled to cast not less than ten percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. Notice of any special meeting of Stockholders shall be given as provided in the Bylaws. If the meeting is called by the secretary upon the written request of Stockholders as described in this Section 11.1, notice of the special meeting shall be sent to all Stockholders within ten days of the receipt of the written request and the special meeting shall be held at the time and place specified in the Stockholder request not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days after the delivery of the notice; provided , however , that if no time or place is so specified in the Stockholder request, at such time and place convenient to the Stockholders. If there are no Directors, the officers of the Corporation shall promptly call a special meeting of the Stockholders entitled to vote for the election of successor Directors. Any meeting may be adjourned and reconvened as the Board may determine or as otherwise provided in the Bylaws.

 

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Section 11.2 Voting Rights of Stockholders . Subject to the provisions of any class or series of Shares then outstanding and the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations, the Stockholders shall be entitled to vote only on the following matters: (a) election or removal of Directors, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, as provided in Sections 11.1, 7.4 and 7.11; (b) amendment of the Charter as provided in Article XIII; (c) dissolution of the Corporation; (d) merger, consolidation or conversion of the Corporation, or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s assets; and (e) such other matters with respect to which the Board of Directors has adopted a resolution declaring that a proposed action is advisable and directing that the matter be submitted to the Stockholders for approval or ratification. Without the approval of a majority of the Shares entitled to vote on the matter, the Board may not (i) amend the Charter to adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders; (ii) amend provisions of the Charter relating to Director qualifications, fiduciary duties, liability and indemnification, conflicts of interest, investment policies or investment restrictions; (iii) liquidate or dissolve the Corporation other than before the initial investment in Property; (iv) sell all or substantially all of the Corporation’s assets other than in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise permitted by law; or (v) cause the merger or similar reorganization of the Corporation except as permitted by law.

Section 11.3 Voting Limitations on Shares Held by the Advisor, Directors and Affiliates . With respect to Shares owned by the Advisor, any Director or any of their Affiliates following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, neither the Advisor, nor such Director, nor any of their Affiliates may vote or consent on matters submitted to the Stockholders regarding the removal of the Advisor, such Director or any of their Affiliates or any transaction between the Corporation and any of them. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of Shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Advisor, such Director and any of their Affiliates may not vote or consent, any Shares owned by any of them shall not be included.

Section 11.4 Right of Inspection . Any Stockholder and any designated representative thereof shall be permitted access to the records of the Corporation to which it is entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times, and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable charge. Inspection of the Corporation’s books and records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction shall be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours.

Section 11.5 Access to Stockholder List . An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of the Stockholders, along with the number of Shares held by each of them (the “Stockholder List”), shall be maintained as part of the books and records of the Corporation and, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, shall be available for inspection by any Stockholder or the Stockholder’s designated agent at the home office of the Corporation upon the request of the Stockholder. The Stockholder List shall be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein. A copy of the Stockholder List shall be mailed to any Stockholder so requesting within ten days of receipt by the Corporation of the request. The copy of the Stockholder List shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in a readily readable type size (in no event smaller than ten-point type). The Corporation may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproduction pursuant to the Stockholder request. A Stockholder may request a copy of the Stockholder List following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering in connection with matters relating to Stockholders’ voting rights and the exercise of Stockholder rights under federal proxy laws.

If the Advisor or the Board neglects or refuses to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the Stockholder List as requested, the Advisor and/or the Board, as the case may be, shall be liable to any Stockholder requesting the Stockholder List for the costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by that Stockholder for compelling the production of the Stockholder List, and for actual damages suffered by any Stockholder by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the Stockholder List is to secure the Stockholder List or other information for the purpose of selling the Stockholder List or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a Stockholder relative to the affairs of the Corporation. The Corporation may require the Stockholder requesting the Stockholder List to represent that the Stockholder List is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to the Stockholder’s interest in the Corporation. The remedies provided hereunder to Stockholders requesting copies of the Stockholder List are in addition to, and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to Stockholders under federal law or the laws of any state.

 

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Section 11.6 Reports . For each fiscal year after the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall take reasonable steps to insure that the Corporation shall cause to be prepared and mailed or delivered to each Stockholder as of a record date after the end of the fiscal year, within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which it relates, an annual report that shall include: (a) financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles which are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; (b) the ratio of the costs of raising capital during the period to the capital raised; (c) the aggregate amount of advisory fees and the aggregate amount of other fees paid to the Advisor and any Affiliate of the Advisor by the Corporation and including fees or charges paid to the Advisor and any Affiliate of the Advisor by third parties doing business with the Corporation; (d) the Total Operating Expenses of the Corporation, stated as a percentage of Average Invested Assets and as a percentage of its Net Income; (e) a report from the Independent Directors that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of its Stockholders and the basis for such determination; and (f) separately stated, full disclosure of all material terms, factors and circumstances surrounding any and all transactions involving the Corporation, the Directors, the Advisors, the Sponsors and any Affiliate thereof occurring in the year for which the annual report is made, and the Independent Directors shall be specifically charged with a duty to examine and comment in the report on the fairness of such transactions.

Section 11.7 Tender Offers . If any Person makes a tender offer, including, without limitation, a “mini-tender” offer, such Person must comply with all of the provisions set forth in Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, disclosure and notice requirements, that would be applicable if the tender offer was for more than five percent of the outstanding Shares; provided , however , that, unless otherwise required by the Exchange Act, such documents are not required to be filed with the SEC. In addition, any such Person must provide notice to the Corporation at least ten Business Days prior to initiating any such tender offer. No Stockholder may Transfer any Shares held by such Stockholder to any Person who initiates a tender offer without complying with the provisions set forth above (a “Non-Compliant Tender Offer”) unless such Stockholder shall have first offered such Shares to the Corporation at the tender offer price offered in such Non-Compliant Tender Offer. In addition, any Person who makes a Non-Compliant Tender Offer shall be responsible for all expenses incurred by the Corporation in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of this Section 11.7, including, without limitation, expenses incurred in connection with the review of all documents related to such tender offer. In addition to the remedies provided herein, the Corporation may seek injunctive relief, including, without limitation, a temporary or permanent restraining order, in connection with any Non-Compliant Tender Offer. This Section 11.7 shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Shares that are then Listed.

ARTICLE XII

LIABILITY LIMITATION AND INDEMNIFICATION

Section 12.1 Limitation of Stockholder Liability . No Stockholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to the Corporation by reason of his being a Stockholder, nor shall any Stockholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any Person in connection with the Assets or the affairs of the Corporation by reason of his being a Stockholder.

Section 12.2 Limitation of Director and Officer Liability .

(a) Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law or in paragraph (b), no Director or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its Stockholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Section 12.2(a), nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of the Charter or Bylaws inconsistent with this Section 12.2(a), shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Corporation shall not provide that a Director, the Advisor or any Affiliate of the Advisor (the “Indemnitee”) be held harmless for any loss or liability suffered by the Corporation, unless all of the following conditions are met:

 

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(i) The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.

(ii) The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.

(iii) Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.

(iv) Such agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.

Section 12.3 Indemnification .

(a) Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law or in paragraph (b) or (c) below, the Corporation shall indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former Director or officer of the Corporation and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity, (ii) any individual who, while a Director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (iii) the Advisor or any of its Affiliates acting as an agent of the Corporation. The rights to indemnification and advance of expenses provided to a Director or officer hereby shall vest immediately upon election of such Director or officer. The Corporation may, with the approval of the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof, provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to a Person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (i) or (ii) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation. The Board may take such action as is necessary to carry out this Section 12.3(a). No amendment of the Charter or repeal of any of its provisions shall limit or eliminate the right of indemnification provided hereunder with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.

(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Corporation shall not provide for indemnification of an Indemnitee for any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee, unless all of the following conditions are met:

(i) The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.

(ii) The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.

(iii) Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Advisor or an Affiliate of the Advisor or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.

(iv) Such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in paragraph (a) above, following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Corporation shall not provide indemnification to an Indemnitee for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful

 

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adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations as to the Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which Securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.

Section 12.4 Payment of Expenses . Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Corporation may pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of final disposition of a proceeding only if all of the following are satisfied: (a) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Corporation, (b) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with written affirmation of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Corporation as authorized by Section 12.3, (c) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Stockholder or, if by a Stockholder of the Corporation acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement, and (d) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Corporation, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee did not comply with the requisite standard of conduct and is not entitled to indemnification.

Section 12.5 Express Exculpatory Clauses in Instruments . Neither the Stockholders nor the Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation shall be liable under any written instrument creating an obligation of the Corporation by reason of their being Stockholders, Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, and all Persons shall look solely to the Corporation’s assets for the payment of any claim under or for the performance of that instrument. The omission of the foregoing exculpatory language from any instrument shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such instrument and shall not render any Stockholder, Director, officer, employee or agent liable thereunder to any third party, nor shall the Directors or any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation be liable to anyone as a result of such omission.

ARTICLE XIII

AMENDMENTS

The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment to the Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any Shares. All rights and powers conferred by the Charter on Stockholders, Directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation. Except for those amendments permitted to be made without Stockholder approval under Maryland law or by specific provision in the Charter, any amendment to the Charter shall be valid only if approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes entitled to be cast on the matter, including without limitation, (a) any amendment which would adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders and (b) any amendment to Sections 7.2, 7.5 and 7.11 of Article VII, Article IX, Article X, Article XII and Article XIV and this Article XIII (or any other amendment of the Charter that would have the effect of amending such sections).

ARTICLE XIV

ROLL-UP TRANSACTIONS

In connection with any proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, an appraisal of all of the Corporation’s assets shall be obtained from a competent Independent Appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The Corporation’s assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of

 

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the proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the assets over a twelve-month period. The terms of the engagement of the Independent Appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of the Corporation and the Stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to Stockholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction. In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Person sponsoring the Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to holders of Common Shares who vote against the proposed Roll-Up Transaction the choice of:

(a) accepting the securities of a Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up Transaction; or

(b) one of the following:

(i) remaining as Stockholders and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or

(ii) receiving cash in an amount equal to the Stockholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of the Net Assets.

The Corporation is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering:

(a) that would result in the holders of Common Shares having democracy rights in a Roll-Up Entity that are less than the rights provided for in Sections 11.1, 11.2, 11.6 and 12.1;

(b) that includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of Shares by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up Entity on the basis of the number of Shares held by that investor;

(c) in which investor’s rights to access of records of the Roll-Up Entity will be less than those described in Sections 11.4 and 11.5; or

(d) in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne by the Corporation if the Roll-Up Transaction is rejected by the holders of Common Shares.

THIRD : The amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation as hereinabove set forth has been duly advised by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law.

FOURTH : The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.

FIFTH : The name and address of the Corporation’s current resident agent is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.

SIXTH : The number of directors of the Corporation and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article VII of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.

SEVENTH : The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation had authority to issue immediately prior to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation was 450,000,000 shares of common stock, $.001 par value per share, all of which were classified as Class P Common Stock. The aggregate par value of all shares of stock having par value was $450,000.

 

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EIGHTH : The total number of shares of stock which the Corporation has authority to issue pursuant to the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter of the Corporation is 500,000,000, consisting of 450,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $.001 par value per share, all of which are classified as Class P Common Stock, and 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $.001 par value per share. The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stock having par value is $500,000.

NINTH : The undersigned acknowledges these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned acknowledges that to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its President and attested to by its Secretary on this 14th day of October, 2016.

 

ATTEST:     INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.
/s/ Roderick S. Curtis                 /s/ Mitchell A. Sabshon                                                    (SEAL)
Name: Roderick S. Curtis     Name: Mitchell A. Sabshon
Title: Secretary     Title: Chief Executive Officer

 

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Exhibit 3.2

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

BYLAWS

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

Section 1. PRINCIPAL OFFICE . The principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland shall be located at such place as the Board of Directors may designate.

Section 2. ADDITIONAL OFFICES . The Corporation may have additional offices, including a principal executive office, at such places as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.

ARTICLE II

MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1. PLACE . All meetings of stockholders shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at such other place as shall be set in accordance with these Bylaws and stated in the notice of the meeting.

Section 2. ANNUAL MEETING . An annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and the transaction of any business within the powers of the Corporation shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the Board of Directors, beginning in the year 2017.

Section 3. SPECIAL MEETINGS . The president, the chief executive officer, the chairman of the board, a majority of the Board of Directors or a majority of the Independent Directors (as defined in the charter of the Corporation (the “Charter”)) may call a special meeting of the stockholders. Any such special meeting of stockholders shall be held on the date and at the time and place set by the president, the chief executive officer, the chairman of the board, the Board of Directors or the Independent Directors, whoever has called the meeting. A special meeting of stockholders shall also be called by the secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of stockholders upon the written request of stockholders entitled to cast not less than ten percent of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. The written request must state the purpose of such meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at such meeting. Within ten days after receipt of such written request, either in person or by mail, the secretary of the Corporation shall provide all stockholders with written notice, either in person or by mail, of such meeting and the purpose of such meeting. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, such meeting shall be held not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days after the secretary’s delivery of such notice. Subject to the foregoing sentence, such meeting shall be held at the time and place specified in the stockholder request; provided , however , that if none is so specified, such meeting shall be held at a time and place convenient to the stockholders.

Section 4. NOTICE . Except as provided otherwise in Section 3 of this Article II, not less than ten nor more than 90 days before each meeting of stockholders, the secretary shall give to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each stockholder not entitled to vote who is entitled to notice of the meeting notice in writing or by electronic transmission stating the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by any statute, the purpose for which the meeting is called, by mail, electronic mail or other electronic means, by presenting it to such stockholder personally, by leaving it at the stockholder’s residence or usual place of business or by any other means permitted by Maryland law. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the stockholder at the stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid. If transmitted electronically, such notice shall be deemed to be given when transmitted to the stockholder by an electronic transmission to any address or number of the stockholder at which the stockholder receives electronic transmissions. The Corporation may give a single notice to all stockholders who share an address, which single notice shall be effective as to any stockholder at such address, unless such stockholder objects in writing to receiving such single notice or revokes in writing a prior consent to receiving such single notice. Failure to give notice of any meeting to one or more stockholders, or any irregularity in such notice, shall not affect the validity of any meeting fixed in accordance with this Article II or the validity of any proceedings at any such meeting.


Subject to Section 11(a) of this Article II, any business of the Corporation may be transacted at an annual meeting of stockholders without being specifically designated in the notice, except such business as is required by any statute to be stated in such notice. No business shall be transacted at a special meeting of stockholders except as specifically designated in the notice. The Corporation may postpone or cancel a meeting of stockholders by making a public announcement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) of such postponement or cancellation prior to the meeting. Notice of the date, time and place to which the meeting is postponed shall be given not less than ten days prior to such date and otherwise in the manner set forth in this Section 4.

Section 5. ORGANIZATION AND CONDUCT . Every meeting of stockholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Board of Directors to be chairman of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment or appointed individual, by the chairman of the board or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the chairman of the board, by one of the following officers present at the meeting in the following order: the vice chairman of the board, if there is one, the chief executive officer, the president, the vice presidents in their order of rank and within each rank, in their order of seniority, the secretary or, in the absence of such officers, a chairman chosen by the stockholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by stockholders present in person or by proxy. An individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary and shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of stockholders shall be determined by the chairman of the meeting. The chairman of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of the chairman and without any action by the stockholders, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to stockholders of record of the Corporation, their duly authorized proxies and such other individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to stockholders of record of the Corporation entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chairman of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments; (e) determining when and for how long the polls should be opened and when the polls should be closed; (f) maintaining order and security at the meeting; (g) removing any stockholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chairman of the meeting; (h) concluding a meeting or recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and at a place announced at the meeting; and (i) complying with any state and local laws and regulations concerning safety and security. Unless otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

Section 6. QUORUM . At any meeting of stockholders, the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter shall constitute a quorum; but this section shall not affect any requirement under any statute or the Charter for the vote necessary for the approval of any matter. If such quorum is not established at any meeting of the stockholders, the chairman of the meeting may adjourn the meeting sine die or from time to time to a date not more than 120 days after the original record date without notice other than announcement at the meeting. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally convened.

The stockholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough stockholders to leave fewer than would be required to establish a quorum.

Section 7. VOTING . The holders of a majority of the shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present may, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board of Directors, vote to elect a director. Each share may be voted for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the share is entitled to be voted. A majority of the votes cast at a meeting of stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to approve any other matter which may properly come before the meeting, unless more than a majority of the votes cast is required by statute or by the Charter. Unless otherwise provided by statute or by the Charter, each outstanding share of stock, regardless of class, shall be entitled to one vote on each matter submitted to a vote at a meeting of stockholders. Voting on any question or in any election may be viva voce unless the chairman of the meeting shall order that voting be by ballot or otherwise.

 

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Section 8. PROXIES . A holder of record of shares of stock of the Corporation may cast votes in person or by proxy executed by the stockholder or by the stockholder’s duly authorized agent in any manner permitted by law. Such proxy or evidence of authorization of such proxy shall be filed with the secretary of the Corporation before or at the meeting. No proxy shall be valid more than eleven months after its date unless otherwise provided in the proxy.

Section 9. VOTING OF STOCK BY CERTAIN HOLDERS . Stock of the Corporation registered in the name of a corporation, partnership, trust, limited liability company or other entity, if entitled to be voted, may be voted by the president or a vice president, general partner, trustee or managing member thereof, as the case may be, or a proxy appointed by any of the foregoing individuals, unless some other person who has been appointed to vote such stock pursuant to a bylaw or a resolution of the governing body of such corporation or other entity or agreement of the partners of a partnership presents a certified copy of such bylaw, resolution or agreement, in which case such person may vote such stock. Any trustee or other fiduciary may vote stock registered in the name of such person in the capacity of trustee or fiduciary, either in person or by proxy.

Shares of stock of the Corporation directly or indirectly owned by it shall not be voted at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares entitled to be voted at any given time, unless they are held by it in a fiduciary capacity, in which case they may be voted and shall be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares at any given time.

The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution a procedure by which a stockholder may certify in writing to the Corporation that any shares of stock registered in the name of the stockholder are held for the account of a specified person other than the stockholder. The resolution shall set forth the class of stockholders who may make the certification, the purpose for which the certification may be made, the form of certification and the information to be contained in it; if the certification is with respect to a record date, the time after the record date within which the certification must be received by the Corporation; and any other provisions with respect to the procedure which the Board of Directors considers necessary or desirable. On receipt by the secretary of the Corporation of such certification, the person specified in the certification shall be regarded as, for the purposes set forth in the certification, the holder of record of the specified stock in place of the stockholder who makes the certification.

Section 10. INSPECTORS . The Board of Directors or the chairman of the meeting may appoint, before or at the meeting, one or more inspectors for the meeting and any successor to the inspector. The inspectors, if any, shall (a) determine the number of shares of stock represented at the meeting, in person or by proxy, and the validity and effect of proxies, (b) receive and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, (c) report such tabulation to the chairman of the meeting, (d) hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, and (e) do such acts as are proper to fairly conduct the election or vote. Each such report shall be in writing and signed by the inspector or by a majority of them if there is more than one inspector acting at such meeting. If there is more than one inspector, the report of a majority shall be the report of the inspectors. The report of the inspector or inspectors on the number of shares represented at the meeting and the results of the voting shall be prima facie evidence thereof.

Section 11. ADVANCE NOTICE OF STOCKHOLDER NOMINEES FOR DIRECTOR AND OTHER STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS .

(a) Annual Meetings of Stockholders .

(1) Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the record date set by the Board of Directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting, at the time of giving of notice by the stockholder as provided for in this Section 11(a) and at the time of the annual meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated or on any such other business and who has complied with this Section 11(a).

 

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(2) For any nomination or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of paragraph (a)(1) of this Section 11, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary of the Corporation and any such other business must otherwise be a proper matter for action by the stockholders. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall set forth all information required under this Section 11 and shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 150 th day nor later than 5:00 p.m., Central Time, on the 120 th day prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) for the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided , however , that in connection with the Corporation’s first annual meeting or in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced or delayed by more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the date of the preceding year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 150 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Central Time, on the later of the 120 th day prior to the date of such annual meeting, as originally convened, or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of an annual meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

(3) Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth:

(i) as to each individual whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director (each, a “Proposed Nominee”), all information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the rules thereunder;

(ii) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of such business, the stockholder’s reasons for proposing such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the stockholder or the Stockholder Associated Person therefrom;

(iii) as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Proposed Nominee and any Stockholder Associated Person,

(A) the class, series and number of all shares of stock or other securities of the Corporation (collectively, the “Company Securities”), if any, which are owned (beneficially or of record) by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person and the date on which each such Company Security was acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition and

(B) the nominee holder for, and number of, any Company Securities owned beneficially but not of record by such stockholder, Proposed Nominee or Stockholder Associated Person;

(iv) as to the stockholder giving the notice, any Stockholder Associated Person with an interest or ownership referred to in clauses (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph (3) of this Section 11(a) and any Proposed Nominee,

(A) the name and address of such stockholder, as they appear on the Corporation’s stock ledger, and the current name and business address, if different, of each such Stockholder Associated Person and any Proposed Nominee and

(B) the investment strategy or objective, if any, of such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person who is not an individual and a copy of the prospectus, offering memorandum or similar document, if any, provided to investors or potential investors in such stockholder and each such Stockholder Associated Person;

 

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(v) the name and address of any person who contacted or was contacted by the stockholder giving the notice or any Stockholder Associated Person about the Proposed Nominee or other business proposal; and

(vi) to the extent known by the stockholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the Proposed Nominee or the proposal of other business.

(4) Such stockholder’s notice shall, with respect to any Proposed Nominee, be accompanied by a written undertaking executed by the Proposed Nominee (i) that such Proposed Nominee (a) is not, and will not become a party to, any agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation in connection with service or action as a director that has not been disclosed to the Corporation and (b) will serve as a director of the Corporation if elected; and (ii) attaching a completed Proposed Nominee questionnaire (which questionnaire shall be provided by the Corporation, upon request by the stockholder providing the notice, and shall include all information relating to the Proposed Nominee that would be required to be disclosed in connection with the solicitation of proxies for the election of the Proposed Nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would otherwise be required in connection with such solicitation, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder, or would be required pursuant to the rules of any national securities exchange on which any securities of the Corporation are listed or over-the-counter market on which any securities of the Corporation are traded).

(5) Notwithstanding anything in this subsection (a) of this Section 11 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors is increased, and there is no public announcement of such action at least 130 days prior to the first anniversary of the date of the proxy statement (as defined in Section 11(c)(3) of this Article II) for the preceding year’s annual meeting, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 11(a) shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m., Central Time, on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(6) For purposes of this Section 11, “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person acting in concert with such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder (other than a stockholder that is a depositary) and (iii) any person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with such stockholder or such Stockholder Associated Person.

(b) Special Meetings of Stockholders . Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected only (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) provided that the special meeting has been called in accordance with Section 3 of this Article II for the purpose of electing directors, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the record date set by the Board of Directors for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to vote at the special meeting, at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section 11 and at the time of the special meeting (and any postponement or adjournment thereof), who is entitled to vote at the meeting in the election of each individual so nominated and who has complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 11. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals to the Board of Directors, any stockholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a director as specified in the Corporation’s notice of meeting, if the stockholder’s notice, containing the information required by paragraph (a)(3) of this Section 11, is delivered to the secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not earlier than the 120 th day prior to such special meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Central Time on the later of the 90 th day prior to such special meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a special meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.

 

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(c) General .

(1) If information submitted pursuant to this Section 11 by any stockholder proposing a nominee for election as a director or any proposal for other business at a meeting of stockholders shall be inaccurate in any material respect, such information may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11. Any such stockholder shall notify the Corporation of any inaccuracy or change (within two business days of becoming aware of such inaccuracy or change) in any such information. Upon written request by the secretary or the Board of Directors, any such stockholder shall provide, within five business days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), (i) written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Board of Directors or any authorized officer of the Corporation, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 11 and (ii) a written update of any information (including, if requested by the Corporation, written confirmation by such stockholder that it continues to intend to bring such nomination or other business proposal before the meeting) submitted by the stockholder pursuant to this Section 11 as of an earlier date. If a stockholder fails to provide such written verification or written update within such period, the information as to which written verification or a written update was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section 11.

(2) Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section 11 shall be eligible for election by stockholders as directors, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section 11. The chairman of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section 11.

(3) For purposes of this Section 11, “the date of the proxy statement” shall have the same meaning as “the date of the company’s proxy statement released to shareholders” as used in Rule 14a-8(e) promulgated under the Exchange Act, as interpreted by the Securities and Exchange Commission from time to time. “Public announcement” shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, PR Newswire or other widely circulated news or wire service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act.

(4) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 11, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 11. Nothing in this Section 11 shall be deemed to affect any right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, or the right of the Corporation to omit a proposal from, the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act. Nothing in this Section 11 shall require disclosure of revocable proxies received by the stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person pursuant to a solicitation of proxies after the filing of an effective Schedule 14A by such stockholder or Stockholder Associated Person under Section 14(a) of the Exchange Act.

(5) Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, except as otherwise determined by the chairman of the meeting, if the stockholder giving notice as provided for in this Section 11 does not appear in person or by proxy at such annual or special meeting to present each nominee for election as a director or the proposed business, as applicable, such matter shall not be considered at the meeting.

Section 12. CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITION ACT . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, Title 3, Subtitle 7 of the Maryland General Corporation Law, or any successor statute (the “MGCL”), shall not apply to any acquisition by any person of shares of stock of the Corporation. This section may be repealed, in whole or in part, at any time, whether before or after an acquisition of control shares and, upon such repeal, may, to the extent provided by any successor bylaw, apply to any prior or subsequent control share acquisition.

 

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ARTICLE III

DIRECTORS

Section 1. GENERAL POWERS . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of its Board of Directors.

Section 2. NUMBER, TENURE, RESIGNATION AND QUALIFICATION . At any regular meeting or at any special meeting called for that purpose, a majority of the entire Board of Directors may establish, increase or decrease the number of directors, provided that the number thereof shall never be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL (or, upon the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering (as defined in the Charter), three), nor more than 15, and further provided that the tenure of office of a director shall not be affected by any decrease in the number of directors. Any director of the Corporation may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or at such later time specified in the resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. For so long as the Advisory Agreement (the “Advisory Agreement”) among the Corporation, InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP and Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC (the “Advisor”) and the Sub-Advisory Agreement (the “Sub-Advisory Agreement”) between the Advisor and SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC (the “Sub-Advisor”) are in effect, the Board of Directors must include one individual designated for nomination by the Advisor and one individual designated for nomination by the Sub-Advisor, subject to the approval of the nomination of such director designees by the Board of Directors; provided , however , that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased pursuant to this Section 2, such number of director designees of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as the case may be, shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in individuals designated by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as the case may be, representing not less than 20% of the total number of directors. Only an individual designated for nomination as a director by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as the case may be, shall be eligible for nomination or election as a successor to a director designated for nomination by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as the case may be. In addition, for so long as the Advisory Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement are in effect, the Board of Directors must include three Independent Directors jointly designated for nomination by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor after consultation with each other, subject to the approval of the nomination of such Independent Director designees by the Board of Directors; provided , however , that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased pursuant to this Section 2, such number of Independent Director designees of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in individuals jointly designated by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor representing not less than the minimum number of Independent Directors required under applicable law and pursuant to the Charter and these Bylaws. Only an individual jointly designated for nomination as an Independent Director by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall be eligible for nomination or election as a successor to an Independent Director jointly designated for nomination by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor.

Section 3. ANNUAL AND REGULAR MEETINGS . An annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after and at the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders, no notice other than this Bylaw being necessary. In the event such meeting is not so held, the meeting may be held at such time and place as shall be specified in a notice given as hereinafter provided for special meetings of the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of regular meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.

Section 4. SPECIAL MEETINGS . Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by or at the request of the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or a majority of the directors then in office. The person or persons authorized to call special meetings of the Board of Directors may fix any place as the place for holding any special meeting of the Board of Directors called by them. The Board of Directors may provide, by resolution, the time and place for the holding of special meetings of the Board of Directors without other notice than such resolution.

Section 5. NOTICE . Notice of any special meeting of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally or by telephone, electronic mail, facsimile transmission, courier or United States mail to each director at his or her business or residence address. Notice by personal delivery, telephone, electronic mail or facsimile transmission shall be given at least 24 hours prior to the meeting. Notice by courier shall be given at least two days prior to the meeting. Notice by United States mail shall be given at least three days prior to the meeting. Telephone

 

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notice shall be deemed to be given when the director or his or her agent is personally given such notice in a telephone call to which the director or his or her agent is a party. Electronic mail notice shall be deemed to be given upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to the Corporation by the director. Facsimile transmission notice shall be deemed to be given upon completion of the transmission of the message to the number given to the Corporation by the director and receipt of a completed answer-back indicating receipt. Notice by courier shall be deemed to be given when deposited with or delivered to a courier properly addressed. Notice by United States mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail properly addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors need be stated in the notice, unless specifically required by statute or these Bylaws.

Section 6. QUORUM . A majority of the directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the Board of Directors, provided that, if less than a majority of such directors is present at such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice, and provided further that if, pursuant to applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws, the vote of a majority or other percentage of a specified group of directors is required for action, a quorum must also include a majority or such other percentage of such group.

The directors present at a meeting which has been duly called and at which a quorum has been established may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal from the meeting of enough directors to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum.

Section 7. VOTING . The action of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws. If enough directors have withdrawn from a meeting to leave fewer than required to establish a quorum but the meeting is not adjourned, the action of the majority of that number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum at such meeting shall be the action of the Board of Directors, unless the concurrence of a greater proportion is required for such action by applicable law, the Charter or these Bylaws.

Section 8. ORGANIZATION . At each meeting of the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board or, in the absence of the chairman, the vice chairman of the board, if any, shall act as chairman of the meeting. In the absence of both the chairman and vice chairman of the board, the chief executive officer or, in the absence of the chief executive officer, the president or, in the absence of the president, a director chosen by a majority of the directors present shall act as chairman of the meeting. An individual appointed by the chairman of the meeting shall act as secretary of the meeting and shall record the minutes of the meeting.

Section 9. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

Section 10. CONSENT BY DIRECTORS WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each director and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors.

Section 11. VACANCIES . If for any reason any or all of the directors cease to be directors, such event shall not terminate the Corporation or affect these Bylaws or the powers of the remaining directors hereunder. Until such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, any vacancy on the Board of Directors for any cause other than an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority of the remaining directors, even if such majority is less than a quorum; any vacancy in the number of directors created by an increase in the number of directors may be filled by a majority vote of the entire Board of Directors; and any individual so elected as director shall serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until his or her successor is elected and qualifies. At such time as the Corporation becomes subject to Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL and except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of preferred stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors may be filled only by a majority of the remaining directors, even if the remaining directors do not constitute a quorum, and any director elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for

 

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the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which the vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. Upon Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, Independent Directors shall nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors’ positions.

Section 12. COMPENSATION . Directors shall not receive any stated salary for their services as directors but, by resolution of the Board of Directors, may receive compensation per year and/or per meeting and/or per visit to real property or other facilities owned or leased by the Corporation and for any service or activity they performed or engaged in as directors, including under a compensation plan or restricted share plan approved by the Board of Directors. Directors may be reimbursed for expenses of attendance, if any, at each annual, regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof and for their expenses, if any, in connection with each property visit and any other service or activity they perform or engage in as directors; but nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any directors from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

Section 13. RELIANCE . Each director and officer of the Corporation shall, in the performance of his or her duties with respect to the Corporation, be entitled to rely on any information, opinion, report or statement, including any financial statement or other financial data, prepared or presented by an officer or employee of the Corporation whom the director or officer reasonably believes to be reliable and competent in the matters presented, by a lawyer, certified public accountant or other person, as to a matter which the director or officer reasonably believes to be within the person’s professional or expert competence, or, with respect to a director, by a committee of the Board of Directors on which the director does not serve, as to a matter within its designated authority, if the director reasonably believes the committee to merit confidence.

Section 14. CERTAIN RIGHTS OF DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS . A director, officer, employee or agent shall have no responsibility to devote his or her full time to the affairs of the Corporation. Any director, officer, employee or agent, in his or her personal capacity or in a capacity as an affiliate, employee, or agent of any other person, or otherwise, may have business interests and engage in business activities similar to, in addition to or in competition with those of or relating to the Corporation.

Section 15. RATIFICATION . The Board of Directors or the stockholders may ratify any action or inaction by the Corporation or its officers to the extent that the Board of Directors or the stockholders could have originally authorized the matter and, if so ratified, such action or inaction shall have the same force and effect as if originally duly authorized, and such ratification shall be binding upon the Corporation and its stockholders. Any action or inaction questioned in any proceeding on the ground of lack of authority, defective or irregular execution, adverse interest of a director, officer or stockholder, non-disclosure, miscomputation, the application of improper principles or practices of accounting, or otherwise, may be ratified, before or after judgment, by the Board of Directors or by the stockholders, and such ratification shall constitute a bar to any claim or execution of any judgment in respect of such questioned action or inaction.

Section 16. EMERGENCY PROVISIONS . Notwithstanding any other provision in the Charter or these Bylaws, this Section 16 shall apply during the existence of any catastrophe, or other similar emergency condition, as a result of which a quorum of the Board of Directors under Article III of these Bylaws cannot readily be obtained (an “Emergency”). During any Emergency, unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, (a) a meeting of the Board of Directors or a committee thereof may be called by any director or officer by any means feasible under the circumstances; (b) notice of any meeting of the Board of Directors during such an Emergency may be given less than 24 hours prior to the meeting to as many directors and by such means as may be feasible at the time, including publication, television or radio; and (c) the number of directors necessary to constitute a quorum shall be one-third of the entire Board of Directors.

ARTICLE IV

COMMITTEES

Section 1. NUMBER, TENURE AND QUALIFICATIONS . The Board of Directors may appoint from among its members committees, composed of one or more directors, to serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors until their successors are elected and qualified, to be governed in accordance with the terms of any charter adopted by the applicable committee or the resolutions of the Board of Directors establishing such committee; provided that, except as otherwise provided in the resolutions of the Board of Directors establishing the applicable

 

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committee, the members of any committee shall be elected at each annual meeting of the Board of Directors. Following the Commencement of the Initial Public Offering, a majority of the members of each committee shall be Independent Directors. In the absence of any member of any such committee, the members thereof present at any meeting, whether or not they constitute a quorum, may appoint another director to act in the place of such absent member.

Section 2. POWERS . The Board of Directors may delegate to committees appointed under Section 1 of this Article any of the powers of the Board of Directors, except as prohibited by law.

Section 3. MEETINGS . Notice of committee meetings shall be given in the same manner as notice for special meetings of the Board of Directors. A majority of the members of the committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting of the committee. The act of a majority of the committee members present at a meeting shall be the act of such committee. The Board of Directors shall designate a chairperson of any committee, and such chairperson or, in the absence of a chairperson, any two members of any committee (if there are at least two members of the committee) may fix the time and place of its meeting unless the Board shall otherwise provide.

Section 4. TELEPHONE MEETINGS . Members of a committee of the Board of Directors may participate in a meeting by means of a conference telephone or other communications equipment if all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time. Participation in a meeting by these means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.

Section 5. CONSENT BY COMMITTEES WITHOUT A MEETING . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of a committee of the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if a consent in writing or by electronic transmission to such action is given by each member of the committee and is filed with the minutes of proceedings of such committee.

Section 6. VACANCIES . Subject to the provisions hereof, the Board of Directors shall have the power at any time to change the membership of any committee, to appoint the chair of any committee, to fill any vacancy, to designate an alternate member to replace any absent or disqualified member or to dissolve any such committee.

ARTICLE V

OFFICERS

Section 1. GENERAL PROVISIONS . The officers of the Corporation shall include a president, a secretary and a treasurer and may include a chairman of the board, a vice chairman of the board, a chief executive officer, one or more vice presidents, a chief operating officer, a chief financial officer, one or more assistant secretaries and one or more assistant treasurers. In addition, the Board of Directors may from time to time elect such other officers with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary or desirable. The officers of the Corporation shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors, except that the chief executive officer or president may from time to time appoint one or more vice presidents, assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers or other officers. Each officer shall serve until his or her successor is elected and qualifies or until his or her death, or his or her resignation or removal in the manner hereinafter provided. Any two or more offices except president and vice president may be held by the same person. Election of an officer or agent shall not of itself create contract rights between the Corporation and such officer or agent.

Section 2. REMOVAL AND RESIGNATION . Any officer or agent of the Corporation may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors if in its judgment the best interests of the Corporation would be served thereby, but such removal shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the person so removed. Any officer of the Corporation may resign at any time by delivering his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, the chairman of the board, the chief executive officer, the president or the secretary. Any resignation shall take effect immediately upon its receipt or at such later time specified in the resignation. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective unless otherwise stated in the resignation. Such resignation shall be without prejudice to the contract rights, if any, of the Corporation.

Section 3. VACANCIES . A vacancy in any office may be filled by the Board of Directors for the balance of the term.

 

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Section 4. CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD . The Board of Directors shall annually elect one of its members to be chairman of the board and shall fill any vacancy in the position of chairman of the board at such time and in such manner as the Board of Directors shall determine. The chairman of the Board shall not, solely by reason of these Bylaws, be an officer of the Corporation, and the Board of Directors may designate the chairman of the board as an executive or non-executive chairman. The chairman of the board shall preside over the meetings of the Board of Directors. The chairman of the board shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him or her by these Bylaws or the Board of Directors.

Section 5. CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief executive officer. In the absence of such designation, the chairman of the board shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation. The chief executive officer shall have general responsibility for implementation of the policies of the Corporation, as determined by the Board of Directors, and for the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of chief executive officer and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

Section 6. CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief operating officer. The chief operating officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as determined by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.

Section 7. CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER . The Board of Directors may designate a chief financial officer. The chief financial officer shall have the responsibilities and duties as determined by the Board of Directors or the chief executive officer.

Section 8. PRESIDENT . In the absence of a chief executive officer, the president shall in general supervise and control all of the business and affairs of the Corporation. In the absence of a designation of a chief operating officer by the Board of Directors, the president shall be the chief operating officer. He or she may execute any deed, mortgage, bond, contract or other instrument, except in cases where the execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board of Directors or by these Bylaws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation or shall be required by law to be otherwise executed; and in general shall perform all duties incident to the office of president and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors from time to time.

Section 9. VICE PRESIDENTS . In the absence of the president or in the event of a vacancy in such office, the vice president (or in the event there be more than one vice president, the vice presidents in the order designated at the time of their election or, in the absence of any designation, then in the order of their election) shall perform the duties of the president and when so acting shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the president; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to such vice president by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may designate one or more vice presidents as executive vice president, senior vice president, or vice president for particular areas of responsibility.

Section 10. SECRETARY . The secretary shall (a) keep the minutes of the proceedings of the stockholders, the Board of Directors and committees of the Board of Directors in one or more books provided for that purpose; (b) see that all notices are duly given in accordance with the provisions of these Bylaws or as required by law; (c) be custodian of the corporate records and of the seal of the Corporation; (d) keep a register of the post office address of each stockholder which shall be furnished to the secretary by such stockholder; (e) have general charge of the stock transfer books of the Corporation; and (f) in general perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors.

Section 11. TREASURER . The treasurer shall have the custody of the funds and securities of the Corporation, shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation, shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors and in general shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him or her by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors. In the absence of a designation of a chief financial officer by the Board of Directors, the treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the Corporation.

 

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The treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the president and Board of Directors, at the regular meetings of the Board of Directors or whenever it may so require, an account of all his or her transactions as treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation.

Section 12. ASSISTANT SECRETARIES AND ASSISTANT TREASURERS . The assistant secretaries and assistant treasurers, in general, shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the secretary or treasurer, respectively, or by the chief executive officer, the president or the Board of Directors.

Section 13. COMPENSATION . The compensation of the officers shall be fixed from time to time by or under the authority of the Board of Directors and no officer shall be prevented from receiving such compensation by reason of the fact that he or she is also a director.

ARTICLE VI

CONTRACTS, CHECKS AND DEPOSITS

Section 1. CONTRACTS . The Board of Directors may authorize any officer or agent to enter into any contract or to execute and deliver any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation and such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Any agreement, deed, mortgage, lease or other document shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation when duly authorized or ratified by action of the Board of Directors and executed by an authorized person.

Section 2. CHECKS AND DRAFTS . All checks, drafts or other orders for the payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness issued in the name of the Corporation shall be signed by such officer or agent of the Corporation in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors.

Section 3. DEPOSITS . All funds of the Corporation not otherwise employed shall be deposited or invested from time to time to the credit of the Corporation as the Board of Directors, the chief executive officer, the president, the chief financial officer or any other officer designated by the Board of Directors may determine.

ARTICLE VII

STOCK

Section 1. CERTIFICATES . Except as may otherwise be provided by the Board of Directors, stockholders of the Corporation are not entitled to certificates representing the shares of stock held by them. In the event that the Corporation issues shares of stock represented by certificates, such certificates shall be in such form as prescribed by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer, shall contain the statements and information required by the MGCL and shall be signed by the officers of the Corporation in the manner permitted by the MGCL. In the event that the Corporation issues shares of stock without certificates, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates. There shall be no differences in the rights and obligations of stockholders based on whether or not their shares are represented by certificates.

Section 2. TRANSFERS . All transfers of shares of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation, by the holder of the shares, in person or by his or her attorney, in such manner as the Board of Directors or any officer of the Corporation may prescribe and, if such shares are certificated, upon surrender of certificates duly endorsed. The issuance of a new certificate upon the transfer of certificated shares is subject to the determination of the Board of Directors that such shares shall no longer be represented by certificates. Upon the transfer of any uncertificated shares, to the extent then required by the MGCL, the Corporation shall provide to the record holders of such shares a written statement of the information required by the MGCL to be included on stock certificates.

 

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The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise expressly provided by the laws of the State of Maryland.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, transfers of shares of any class or series of stock will be subject in all respects to the Charter and all of the terms and conditions contained therein.

Section 3. REPLACEMENT CERTIFICATE . Any officer of the Corporation may direct a new certificate or certificates to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate to be lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated; provided , however , that if such shares have ceased to be certificated, no new certificate shall be issued unless requested in writing by such stockholder and the Board of Directors has determined that such certificates may be issued. Unless otherwise determined by an officer of the Corporation, the owner of such lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated certificate or certificates, or his or her legal representative, shall be required, as a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates, to give the Corporation a bond in such sums as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation.

Section 4. FIXING OF RECORD DATE . The Board of Directors may set, in advance, a record date for the purpose of determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or determining stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any other rights, or in order to make a determination of stockholders for any other proper purpose. Such date, in any case, shall not be prior to the close of business on the day the record date is fixed and shall be not more than 90 days and, in the case of a meeting of stockholders, not less than ten days, before the date on which the meeting or particular action requiring such determination of stockholders of record is to be held or taken.

When a record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at any meeting of stockholders has been set as provided in this section, such record date shall continue to apply to the meeting if adjourned or postponed, except if the meeting is adjourned or postponed to a date more than 120 days after the record date originally fixed for the meeting, in which case a new record date for such meeting may be determined as set forth herein.

Section 5. STOCK LEDGER . The Corporation shall maintain at its principal office or at the office of its counsel, accountants or transfer agent, an original or duplicate stock ledger containing the name and address of each stockholder and the number of shares of each class held by such stockholder.

Section 6. FRACTIONAL STOCK; ISSUANCE OF UNITS . The Board of Directors may authorize the Corporation to issue fractional stock or authorize the issuance of scrip, all on such terms and under such conditions as it may determine. Notwithstanding any other provision of the Charter or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors may authorize the issuance of units consisting of different securities of the Corporation. Any security issued in a unit shall have the same characteristics as any identical securities issued by the Corporation, except that the Board of Directors may provide that for a specified period securities of the Corporation issued in such unit may be transferred on the books of the Corporation only in such unit.

ARTICLE VIII

ACCOUNTING YEAR

The Board of Directors shall have the power, from time to time, to fix the fiscal year of the Corporation by a duly adopted resolution.

ARTICLE IX

DISTRIBUTIONS

Section 1. AUTHORIZATION . Dividends and other distributions upon the stock of the Corporation may be authorized by the Board of Directors and declared by the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter. Dividends and other distributions may be paid in cash, property or stock of the Corporation, subject to the provisions of law and the Charter.

 

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Section 2. CONTINGENCIES . Before payment of any dividends or other distributions, there may be set aside out of any assets of the Corporation available for dividends or other distributions such sum or sums as the Board of Directors may from time to time, in its absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve fund for contingencies, for equalizing dividends, for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall determine, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve.

ARTICLE X

INVESTMENT POLICY

Subject to the provisions of the Charter, the Board of Directors may from time to time adopt, amend, revise or terminate any policy or policies with respect to investments by the Corporation as it shall deem appropriate in its sole discretion.

ARTICLE XI

SEAL

Section 1. SEAL . The Board of Directors may authorize the adoption of a seal by the Corporation. The seal shall contain the name of the Corporation and the year of its incorporation and the words “Incorporated Maryland.” The Board of Directors may authorize one or more duplicate seals and provide for the custody thereof.

Section 2. AFFIXING SEAL . Whenever the Corporation is permitted or required to affix its seal to a document, it shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of any law, rule or regulation relating to a seal to place the word “(SEAL)” adjacent to the signature of the person authorized to execute the document on behalf of the Corporation.

ARTICLE XII

WAIVER OF NOTICE

Whenever any notice of a meeting is required to be given pursuant to the Charter or these Bylaws or pursuant to applicable law, a waiver thereof in writing or by electronic transmission, given by the person or persons entitled to such notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice. Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any meeting need be set forth in the waiver of notice of such meeting, unless specifically required by statute. The attendance of any person at any meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where such person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting to the transaction of any business on the ground that the meeting has not been lawfully called or convened.

ARTICLE XIII

AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS

The Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of these Bylaws and to make new Bylaws; provided , however , that the last four sentences of Section 2 of Article III of these Bylaws may not be amended, altered or repealed without the consent of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor.

 

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Exhibit 10.1

ADVISORY AGREEMENT

THIS ADVISORY AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of October 25, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”), is entered into by and between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP, a Delaware limited partnership of which the Company is the sole general partner (the “ Operating Partnership ”), and Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Advisor ”). All references to the Company in this Agreement shall include the Company’s wholly-owned subsidiaries and, where applicable, the Operating Partnership.

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, the Company is a corporation formed under the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “ MGCL ”);

WHEREAS, the Company through its interest in the Operating Partnership intends to invest primarily in (i) commercial real estate debt, including first mortgage loans, subordinate mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans, (ii) commercial real estate securities, such as CMBS, unsecured debt of publicly-traded REITs and CDO notes, and (iii) select commercial real estate investments, including single-tenant, net leased properties;

WHEREAS, the Company intends to qualify as a REIT (as defined below) for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

WHEREAS, the Company and its subsidiaries including the Operating Partnership desire to avail themselves of the experience, sources of information, advice, assistance and facilities available to the Advisor and to have the Advisor undertake the duties and responsibilities hereinafter set forth, on behalf of, and subject to the supervision of, the Board of Directors (as defined below), all as provided herein; and

WHEREAS, the Advisor is willing to undertake to render these services, subject to the supervision of the Board of Directors, on the terms and conditions hereinafter set forth.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants set forth herein, the parties hereto agree as follows:

1. Definitions . As used herein, the following capitalized terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

Acquisition Expenses ” means any and all expenses incurred by the Company, the Advisor, any Person engaged by the Advisor, including the Sub-Advisor, or any of the respective Affiliates of any of the foregoing in connection with selecting, evaluating or acquiring any investments, regardless of whether the investment is acquired, including but not limited to legal fees and expenses, travel and communication, appraisals and surveys, nonrefundable option payments, accounting fees and expenses, computer related expenses, architectural and engineering reports, environmental and asbestos audits and surveys, title insurance and escrow fees, and miscellaneous expenses.

Advisor Nominee ” means any individual designated pursuant to Section 3(e) as a nominee to the Board of Directors by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, including without limitation, the Independent Director nominees.


Advisory Fee ” means the fee payable to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective designees under Section 8(a) hereof.

Affiliate ” or “ Affiliates ” means, with respect to any Person, (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, fifty percent (50.0%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person fifty percent (50.0%) or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee, general partner or manager of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee, general partner or manager.

Annual Total Return ” means, as further described in Section 8(c) , the investment return provided to Stockholders, which shall be calculated independently for each class of Shares, and shall be equal to, for all such Shares outstanding during the calendar year (or such other applicable period), the sum of (i) Distributions declared and accrued per Share over the calendar year (or such other applicable period) plus (ii) change in NAV per Share over the calendar year (or such other applicable period).

Annual Total Return Percentage ” means, as further described in Section 8(c) , the Annual Total Return divided by the NAV per Share of the applicable class of Shares at the beginning of the applicable time period.

Average Invested Assets ” means, for any specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the assets of the Company, including all intangibles and goodwill, invested, directly or indirectly, in equity interests in Real Property and all Real Estate-Related Assets or other securities and consolidated and unconsolidated Joint Ventures or other partnerships, before non-cash charges such as depreciation, amortization, impairments, bad debt reserves or other non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of these values at the end of each month during the specified period.

Board of Directors ” means the persons holding the office of director of the Company as of any particular time under the Charter.

Business Day ” means any day other than Saturday, Sunday or any other day on which national banks are required or are authorized to be closed in Chicago, Illinois or New York, New York.

Bylaws ” means the bylaws of the Company, as amended or restated from time to time.

CDO ” means collateralized debt obligation.

Change of Control ” means a change of control of the Company of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to the disclosure requirements of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act, as enacted and in force on the date hereof, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirements;  provided , however , that, without limitation, a Change of Control shall be deemed to have occurred if: (i) any “person” (within the meaning of Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act, as enacted and in force on the date hereof) is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as that term is defined in Rule 13d-3, as enacted and in force on the date hereof, under the Exchange Act) of securities of the Company representing 9.8% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s securities then outstanding; (ii) there occurs a merger, consolidation or other reorganization of the Company that is not approved by the Board of Directors; (iii) there occurs a sale, exchange, transfer or other disposition of substantially all the assets of the Company to another Person, which disposition is not approved by the Board of Directors; or (iv) there occurs a contested proxy solicitation of the Stockholders that results in the contesting party electing candidates to a majority of the Board of Directors’ positions next up for election.

 

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Charter ” means the articles of incorporation of the Company, as amended or restated from time to time.

Class P Shares ” means shares of the Company’s $.001 par value common stock that have been designated as Class P.

CMBS ” means commercial mortgage backed securities.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations promulgated thereunder or corresponding provisions of subsequent revenue laws.

Control Persons ” has the meaning set forth in Section 14 .

Dealer Manager ” means Inland Securities Corporation, a Delaware corporation, or any of its successors or assigns.

Dealer Manager Agreement ” means the dealer manager agreement then in effect between the Company and the Dealer Manager with respect to the distribution of Shares in the Private Placement or any Public Offering.

Dealer Manager Fee ” means the dealer manager fee payable to the Dealer Manager as described in the Memorandum or Prospectus, as applicable.

Declared Distributions ” means the aggregate Distributions payable for the applicable period.

Deferred Amounts ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8(e)(vii) .

Distribution and Stockholder Servicing Fee ” means the distribution and stockholder servicing fees payable to the Dealer Manager as described in any Prospectus.

Distributions ” means any distributions (as such term is defined in Section 2-301 of the MGCL) of money or other property, pursuant to the Charter, by the Company to owners of Equity Stock, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.

“Elected Deferred Amounts” has the meaning set forth in Section 8(e)(ii) .

Equity Stock ” means all classes or series of capital stock of the Company authorized under the Charter, including, without limit, any class or classes of common stock, $.001 par value per share, and any class or classes of preferred stock, $.001 par value per share.

Exchange Act ” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Fiscal Year ” means the calendar year ending December 31.

Fixed Component ” means the fee payable to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective designees under Section 8(a)(i) hereof.

 

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Fund Administrator ” means a nationally recognized independent fund administrator that is engaged by the Company, with approval of the Board of Directors, to perform the calculation of the NAV per share for each class of Shares pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.

GAAP ” means generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America from time to time or any other accounting basis mandated by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Gross Offering Proceeds ” means the aggregate purchase price of Shares sold in any Offering, without deduction for volume discounts or Organization and Offering Expenses of any Offering.

Independent Director ” means any director of the Company who is an “Independent Director” for purposes of the Charter.

Initial Public Offering ” means the Company’s offering of Shares of its common stock in an initial Public Offering, which shall commence following the commencement of the Private Placement.

Inland ” means Inland Business Manager & Advisor Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation that is the parent company of the Advisor.

Invested Assets ” means the sum of (i) the aggregate amount invested by the Company in Investments (including for the avoidance of doubt, any amounts invested that are derived from leverage), plus (ii) the Company’s cash and cash equivalents. Following the NAV Pricing Date, (a) subsection (i) shall include for those Investments that have been valued in accordance the Company’s determination of NAV, such value and (b) subsection (i) shall include for those Investments that have not been valued in accordance with the Company’s determination of NAV, the cost of such Investments.

Investment Company Act ” means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Investment Guidelines ” means the investment guidelines adopted by the Board of Directors, as amended from time to time, pursuant to which the Advisor, or, if delegated to the Sub-Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, has discretion to originate, acquire and dispose of Investments for the Company without the prior approval of the Board of Directors.

Investments ” means any investments by the Company in Real Property, Real Estate-Related Assets and all other investments in which the Company may acquire an interest, either directly or indirectly, including through ownership interests in a Joint Venture.

Issuer Costs ” means all expenses, other than Selling Commissions, the Dealer Manager Fee and the Distribution and Stockholder Servicing Fee, incurred by or on behalf of the Company, and to be paid from the assets of the Company, in connection with and in preparing the Company for registration (with respect to any Public Offering) or qualification for an exemption from registration (with respect to the Private Placement) and offering its Shares to investors, including, but not limited to, reimbursing the Dealer Manager and participating soliciting dealers for bona fide out-of-pocket, itemized and detailed due diligence expenses incurred by these entities, expenses for printing, engraving and mailing, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositaries and experts, expenses of qualifying the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including taxes and fees and accountants’ and attorneys’ fees and expenses.

Joint Venture ” means a joint venture, limited liability company, corporation or partnership arrangement (excluding the Operating Partnership) in which the Company, or any subsidiary thereof, is a co-venturer, member, stockholder or partner with one or more other Persons or an entity, which acquires, owns or manages Real Property or Real Estate-Related Assets.

 

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Liquidity Event ” means a Sale of all or substantially all of the Investments, a listing of the Shares on a national securities exchange or any merger, reorganization, business combination, share exchange or acquisition or other similar transaction by any Person or related group of Persons of beneficial ownership of all or substantially all of the Shares in one or more related transactions, or another similar transaction involving the Company, pursuant to which the Stockholders receive cash or the securities of another issuer that are listed on a national securities exchange, as full or partial consideration for their Shares.

MFFO ” means the Company’s modified funds from operations, as calculated by the Company in accordance with the Investment Program Association’s Guideline 2010-01, “Supplemental Performance Measure for Publicly Registered, Non-Listed REITs: Modified Funds from Operations,” with respect to the applicable period.

MFFO Deferred Amount ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8(e)(iv) .

MFFO Shortfall ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8(e)(iv) .

Memorandum ” means the Company’s confidential private placement memorandum relating to the offer and sale of up to $500 million of Class P Shares in the Private Placement.

MGCL ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals.

NASAA REIT Guidelines ” means the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association on May 7, 2007, and in effect on the Effective Date.

NAV ” means the Company’s net asset value, calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines. The NAV of each class of Shares shall be $25.00 until the NAV Pricing Date and, following such date, the NAV per Share of such class calculated pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.

NAV Pricing Date ” means the date of the initial calculation of the NAV for each class of Shares, which will occur upon the earlier to occur of: (1) the third anniversary of the first sale of Class P Shares in the Private Placement or (2) the first anniversary of the commencement of the Initial Public Offering, or such earlier date as the Board of Directors shall determine if the Board of Directors directs such calculation to be performed earlier .

Net Income ” means, for any period, the aggregate amount of total revenues applicable to the period, less the total expenses applicable to the same period other than additions to, or allowances for, non-cash charges such as depreciation, amortization, impairments and bad debt reserves and excluding any gain from any Sale.

Offering ” means any Private Placement or Public Offering.

Organization and Offering Expenses ” means the aggregate of all Issuer Costs, plus Selling Commissions, Dealer Manager Fees and Distribution and Stockholder Servicing Fees incurred in any particular Offering.

 

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Performance Component ” means the fee payable to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective designees under Section 8(a)(ii)  hereof.

Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity and also includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Exchange Act, or any successor statute thereto and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit (as defined in the Charter) applies.

Priority Return Percentage ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8(c) .

Private Placement ” means the unregistered private Offering of Class P Shares by the Company pursuant to the Memorandum.

Prospectus ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2(10) of the Securities Act, including a preliminary prospectus, an offering circular as described in Rule 253 of the general rules and regulations under the Securities Act, or, in the case of an intrastate offering, any document by whatever name known, utilized for the purpose of offering and selling Shares to the public in an Offering.

Public Offering ” means a public offering of Shares on a firm or reasonable “best efforts” basis pursuant to the applicable Prospectus, as amended and supplemented from time to time.

Real Estate Loans ” means any indebtedness or obligations in respect of borrowed money backed principally by real estate, such as mortgage, mezzanine, bridge and other loans.

Real Estate Manager ” means any Person engaged by the Company or the Operating Partnership to manage any Real Property, including Inland Commercial Real Estate Services, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or any of its successors or assigns, or other entities Affiliated with the Advisor.

Real Estate-Related Assets ” means any investments by the Company or the Operating Partnership in Real Estate Loans and Real Estate-Related Securities.

Real Estate-Related Securities ” means commercial real estate securities, such as CMBS, unsecured debt of publicly-traded REITs and CDO notes.

Real Property ” means land, rights or interests in land (including, but not limited to, leasehold interests), and any buildings, structures, improvements, furnishings, fixtures and equipment located on, or used in connection with, land and rights or interest in land, in each case owned or to be owned by the Company either directly or indirectly through one or more Affiliates, Joint Ventures, partnerships or other legal entities.

Registration Statement ” means any registration statement on Form S-11 the Company may file with regard to a Public Offering, as amended from time to time, and the Prospectus contained therein.

REIT ” means a corporation, trust, association or other legal entity (other than a real estate syndication) that is engaged primarily in investing in equity interests in real estate (including fee ownership and leasehold interests) or in loans secured by real estate or both as defined pursuant to the REIT Provisions of the Code.

 

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REIT Provisions of the Code ” means Sections 856 through 860 of the Code and any successor or other provisions of the Code relating to REITs (including provisions as to the attribution of ownership of beneficial interests therein) and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

Sale ” or “ Sales ” means:

 

  (i) any transaction or series of transactions whereby:

 

  (a) the Company or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly, including through any Affiliate (except as described in other subsections of this definition), sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Investment or portion thereof, including the sale-leaseback of any Real Property, and including any event with respect to any Investment which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards;

 

  (b) the Company or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly, including through any Affiliate (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Company or the Operating Partnership in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner;

 

  (c) the Company or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly, including through any Affiliate (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its interest in any Real Estate Loan or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any amounts owed pursuant to such Real Estate Loan, and including any event with respect to any Real Estate Loan which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; or

 

  (d) the Company or the Operating Partnership directly or indirectly, including through any Affiliate (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other asset not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof; but

 

  (ii) not including any transaction or series of transactions specified in clause (i)(a) through (d) above in which the proceeds of such transaction or series of transactions are reinvested by the Company in one or more assets within 180 days thereafter.

Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

Selling Commissions ” means, in any Offering, any and all commissions payable to underwriters, dealer managers or other broker-dealers in connection with the sale of any Shares, including, without limitation, commissions payable to the Dealer Manager.

Shares ” means any shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, of the Company, and “Share” means one of those Shares.

Stockholders ” means the holders of record of the Equity Stock, including the Shares, as maintained in the books and records of the Company or its transfer agent.

 

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Sub-Advisor ” means SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

Sub-Advisory Agreement ” means that certain Sub-Advisory Agreement between the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, dated as of the date hereof, as amended from time to time.

Termination Date ” means the date of termination of this Agreement.

Total Operating Expenses ” means all costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Company, as determined under GAAP, that are in any way related to the operation of the Company or its business, including the Advisory Fee, but excluding: (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration, and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer and registration and listing of shares of the Equity Stock, (ii) interest payments, (iii) taxes, (iv) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves, (v) incentive fees paid in compliance with the NASAA REIT Guidelines; (vi) acquisition fees and Acquisition Expenses, (vii) real estate commissions on the Sale of Real Property, (viii) expenses incurred at each Real Property, including expenses and fees payable under the Company’s agreement with any Real Estate Manager, and (ix) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of Investments or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair, and improvement of property). The definition of “Total Operating Expenses” set forth above is intended to encompass only those expenses which are required to be treated as Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines. As a result, and notwithstanding the definition set forth above, any expense of the Company which is not part of Total Operating Expenses under the NASAA REIT Guidelines shall not be treated as part of Total Operating Expenses for purposes hereof.

Valuation Advisor ” means a nationally recognized independent valuation advisor that is (i) engaged in the business of conducting appraisals on assets of the type held by the Company, (ii) not an Affiliate of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor and (iii) engaged by the Company, with approval of the Board of Directors, to appraise the Company’s illiquid Investments pursuant to the Valuation Guidelines.

Valuation Guidelines ” means the valuation guidelines adopted by the Board of Directors, as may be amended from time to time.

2%/25% Guidelines ” has the meaning set forth in Section 11(b) hereof.

2. Duties of the Advisor . The Advisor shall consult with the Company and its Board of Directors and shall furnish advice and recommendations with respect to all aspects of the business and affairs of the Company and its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership. The Advisor shall inform the Board of Directors of factors that come to the Advisor’s attention that may, in its opinion, influence the policies of the Company. Subject to the supervision of the Board of Directors and consistent with the provisions of the Charter, the Advisor, directly or indirectly through an Affiliate, the Sub-Advisor or third parties supervised by the Advisor, shall use commercially reasonable efforts to:

(a) identify potential opportunities for Investments consistent with the Company’s investment objectives and policies, including but not limited to:

 

  (i) locate, analyze and select potential Investments;

 

  (ii) structure and negotiate the terms and conditions of acquisition and disposition transactions;

 

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  (iii) arrange financing and refinancing or other changes in the asset or capital structure of the Company as well as the reinvesting of proceeds from the Sale of, or otherwise deal with the Investments in, Real Property and Real Estate-Related Assets; and

 

  (iv) oversee material leases and service contracts related to Real Property.

(b) manage the Company’s day-to-day operations, consistent with the investment objectives and policies established by the Board of Directors from time to time, including hiring and supervising Company employees, if any;

(c) investigate and conduct relations with lenders, consultants, accountants, brokers, third party asset managers, attorneys, underwriters, appraisers, insurers, corporate fiduciaries, banks, builders and developers, sellers and buyers of investments and persons acting in any other capacity specified by the Company from time to time, and enter into contracts in the name of the Company or the Operating Partnership with, and retain and supervise services performed by, such parties in connection with investments that have been or may be acquired or disposed of by the Company or the Operating Partnership;

(d) cooperate with any Real Estate Manager in connection with real estate management services and other activities relating to the Company’s Real Property, subject to any requirement under the laws, rules and regulations affecting REITs that the Advisor or any Real Estate Manager, as the case may be, qualifies as an “independent contractor” as that phrase is used in connection with applicable laws, rules and regulations affecting REITs;

(e) make investments in, and dispositions of, Investments approved by the Board of Directors or within the discretionary limits and authority as granted by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Investment Guidelines, and upon request of the Company, act, or obtain the services of others to act, as attorney-in-fact or agent of the Company in making, acquiring and disposing of investments, disbursing and collecting funds in connection with any origination, acquisition or disposition, paying the debts and fulfilling the obligations of the Company and handling, prosecuting and settling any claims of the Company, including foreclosing and otherwise enforcing mortgage and other liens and security interests securing Investments;

(f) provide the Board of Directors with updates on Investments made by the Company that are within the discretionary limits and authority as granted by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Investment Guidelines, and provide the Board of Directors with research and other statistical data and analysis in connection with Investments to be approved by the Board of Directors as a result of such Investments being outside the discretionary limits and authority as granted by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Investment Guidelines;

(g) assist in negotiations on behalf of the Company with investment banking firms and other institutions or investors for public or private sales of Equity Stock or for other financing on behalf of the Company, provided that in no event may the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor act as a broker, dealer or underwriter of, or for, the Company; provided, however, that any fees and costs payable to third parties incurred by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor in connection with the foregoing shall be the responsibility of the Company;

(h) maintain, with respect to any Real Property and to the extent available, title insurance or other assurance of title and customary fire, casualty and public liability insurance;

 

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(i) coordinate placement of casualty and public liability insurance and directors’ and officers’ insurance;

(j) except as otherwise provided by the Company, provide office space, equipment and personnel as required for the performance of the foregoing services as the Advisor;

(k) advise the Board of Directors, from time to time, of the Company’s operating results;

(l) coordinate preparation, with any Real Estate Manager, of an operating budget and such other reports as may be appropriate for each Real Property owned by the Company;

(m) prepare, on behalf of the Company, and supervise the filing of all reports required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, including without limitation Current Reports on Form 8-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Annual Reports on Form 10-K, and all reports and returns required by the Internal Revenue Service, other state or federal governmental agencies or other Company vendors relating to the Company and its operations, including specifically its compliance with the REIT Provisions of the Code;

(n) prepare, on behalf of the Company, and supervise the distribution of reports to Stockholders, and act on behalf of the Company to communicate with Stockholders, brokers, dealers, financial advisors and custodians, whether by in person, written, electronic or telephonic means;

(o) arrange for, and plan, the Company’s annual meetings of Stockholders;

(p) supervise communications with the Company’s transfer agent;

(q) maintain the Company’s books and records including, but not limited to, appraisals and fairness opinions obtained in connection with acquiring or disposing of Investments if such reports are necessary;

(r) assist the Board of Directors in evaluating Sales and Liquidity Events, including without limitation: (i) performing due diligence in connection with investigating potential Sales or Liquidity Events; (ii) selecting and conducting relations with experts, investment banking firms and potential acquirers of Real Property and Real Estate-Related Assets, among others; (iii) preparing investment and other strategic models regarding Sales and Liquidity Events for evaluation by the Board of Directors; and (iv) preparing written reports and making presentations regarding potential Sales and Liquidity Events to the Board of Directors;

(s) administer the Company’s bookkeeping and accounting functions, including without limitation: (i) establishing and implementing accounting and financial reporting procedures, processes and policies; (ii) maintaining the Company’s general ledger and sub ledgers; (iii) recording Investments and any funding of indebtedness; (iv) performing accounting research; (v) budgeting, forecasting and analyzing the Company’s performance; (vi) assisting in selecting and implementing accounting and financial system software; (vii) overseeing platform accounting functions and practices; (viii) reporting to the Board of Directors and the audit committee thereof; (ix) monitoring the Company’s compliance with The Sarbanes–Oxley Act of 2002, as amended, and the effectiveness of the Company’s internal controls; (x) monitoring and ensuring compliance with ratios and covenants set forth in the loan documents for any debt financing; (xi) providing required monthly, quarterly and annual financial reporting, as applicable, to the Company’s lenders; and (xii) ensuring proper accounting treatment for derivative instruments;

 

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(t) undertake and perform all services or other activities necessary and proper to carry out the Company’s investment objectives, including providing secretarial, clerical and administrative assistance for the Company and maintaining the Company’s website;

(u) from time to time, or at any time reasonably requested by the Board of Directors, make reports to the Board of Directors of its performance of services to the Company under this Agreement, including reports with respect to potential conflicts of interest involving the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their respective Affiliates;

(v) administer the Valuation Advisor’s valuation of Investments and the Fund Administrator’s calculation of the NAV per share for each class of Shares outstanding, as follows:

 

  (i) oversee the calculation of the NAV by the Fund Administrator after the NAV Pricing Date in accordance with the Valuation Guidelines, and in connection therewith, obtain appraisals performed by the Valuation Advisor and other independent third party appraisal firms concerning the value of the Real Property and Real Estate-Related Assets;

 

  (ii) provide input in connection with the valuations performed by the Valuation Advisor, including periodic asset and portfolio-level information with respect to the Investments;

 

  (iii) monitor the Investments for events that may be expected to have a material impact on the most recent estimated values provided by the Valuation Advisor and promptly notify the Valuation Advisor with respect to such events;

 

  (iv) if deemed appropriate by the Advisor, recommend to the Board of Directors the selection of other independent valuation experts to provide valuation services with respect to Investments that are not subject to the appraisals conducted by the Valuation Advisor;

 

  (v) monitor the Valuation Advisor’s valuation process and the Fund Administrator’s NAV calculation process to ensure they comply with the Valuation Guidelines and report on such compliance to the Board of Directors on a quarterly basis;

 

  (vi) deliver to, or maintain on behalf of, the Company copies of all appraisals obtained in connection with any Investment.

(w) select Joint Venture partners, if and as appropriate for the Company, structure corresponding agreements and oversee and monitor these relationships;

(x) evaluate and recommend to the Board of Directors, if and as appropriate for the Company, hedging strategies and modifications thereto in effect and cause the Company to engage in overall hedging strategies consistent with the Company’s status as a REIT and with the Company’s investment policies approved by the Board of Directors;

(y) advise the Company regarding the maintenance of the Company’s exception from the Investment Company Act and monitor compliance with the requirements for maintaining an exception from such act;

 

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(z) advise the Company regarding the Company’s ability to elect REIT status, and thereafter maintenance of the Company’s status as a REIT, and monitor compliance with the various REIT qualification tests in the REIT Provisions of the Code;

(aa) take all necessary actions to enable the Company and the Operating Partnership to make required tax filings and reports, including soliciting Stockholders for required information to the extent provided by the REIT Provisions of the Code;

(bb) cause the Company and the Operating Partnership to qualify to do business in all applicable jurisdictions and to obtain and maintain all appropriate licenses;

(cc) handle and resolve all claims, disputes or controversies (including all litigation, arbitration, settlement or other proceedings or negotiations) in which the Company and the Operating Partnership may be involved or to which the Company and the Operating Partnership may be subject, arising out of the Company’s or the Operating Partnership’s day-to-day operations, subject to such limitations or parameters as may be imposed from time to time by the Board of Directors;

(dd) use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Company and the Operating Partnership to comply with all applicable laws; and

(ee) perform such other services as may be required from time to time for the management and other activities relating to the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s respective business and assets as the Board of Directors shall reasonably request or the Advisor shall deem appropriate under the particular circumstances.

3. Authority of Advisor .

(a) Pursuant to the terms of this Agreement (including the restrictions included in this Section 3 and in Section 5 ), and subject to the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board of Directors over the supervision of the Company, the Company, acting on the authority of the Board of Directors, hereby delegates to the Advisor the authority to take, or cause to be taken, any and all actions and to execute and deliver any and all agreements, certificates, assignments, instruments or other documents and to do any and all things that, in the judgment of the Advisor, may be necessary or advisable in connection with the Advisor’s duties described in Section 2 hereof, including the making of any Investment that fits within the Investment Guidelines.

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, any investment in an Investment that does not adhere to the Investment Guidelines will require the prior approval of the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee of the Board of Directors, as the case may be.

(c) If a transaction requires approval by the Independent Directors, the Advisor will deliver, or cause the Sub-Advisor to deliver, to the Independent Directors all documents and other information reasonably required by them to evaluate properly the proposed transaction.

(d) The Board of Directors may, at any time upon the giving of written notice to the Advisor, amend the Investment Guidelines or modify or revoke the authority set forth in this Section 3 ; provided , however , that such modification or revocation shall be effective upon receipt by the Advisor or such later date as is specified by the Board of Directors and included in the written notice provided to the Advisor and such modification or revocation shall not be applicable to investment transactions to which the Advisor or any third-party engaged by the Advisor, including the Sub-Advisor, has committed the Company or the Operating Partnership prior to the date of receipt by the Advisor of such notification, or if later, the effective date of such modification or revocation specified by the Board of Directors.

 

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(e) During the term of this Agreement, the Board of Directors shall at all times be comprised of no fewer than five (5) individuals, subject to the Charter and Bylaws. The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall each have the right to designate for nomination, subject to the approval of such nomination by the Board of Directors, one (1) director to the slate to be voted on by the stockholders; provided, however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased by a vote of the Board of Directors pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws, such number of director nominees to which each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor is entitled shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than 20% of the total number of directors.

The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, after consulting with each other, will have the right to jointly designate for nomination, subject to approval of such nomination by the Board of Directors, three (3) individuals to serve as Independent Directors; provided however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased by a vote of the Board of Directors pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws, such number of Independent Director nominees to which the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are entitled shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than the minimum number of Independent Directors required under applicable law and pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws.

The Advisor will provide, or, if such Advisor Nominee was designated for nomination by the Sub-Advisor, request that the Sub-Advisor provide, the Board of Directors with such information about each Advisor Nominee as is reasonably requested by the Board of Directors in order to comply with applicable disclosure rules, including without limitation, any information that a stockholder of the Company must provide to the Company in order to nominate a director under the Bylaws.

If a vacancy on the Board of Directors arises as a result of the death, disability or retirement, resignation or removal of an Advisor Nominee and such vacancy results in the number of Advisor Nominees then serving on the Board of Directors being less than the number that each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are then entitled to designate for nomination to the Board of Directors, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, shall be entitled to designate for nomination an Advisor Nominee to fill such a vacancy subject to approval by the Board of Directors.

4. No Partnership or Joint Venture . The Company and the Advisor are not, and shall not be deemed to be, partners or Joint Venturers with each other.

5. Limitations on Activities . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, the Advisor shall refrain from taking any action that, in its reasonable judgment or in any judgment of the Board of Directors of which the Advisor has prior written notice, would adversely affect the qualification of the Company as a REIT under the Code, subject the Company to regulation under the Investment Company Act or that would violate in any material respect any law, rule or regulation of any governmental body or agency having jurisdiction over the Company, its Equity Stock or its Investments, or that would otherwise not be permitted by the Charter. If any such action is ordered by the Board of Directors, the Advisor shall promptly notify the Board of Directors that, in the Advisor’s judgment, the action would adversely affect the Company’s, or the Operating Partnership’s, status as a REIT, exemption from regulation under the Investment Company Act or violate any law, rule or regulation or the Charter, and that the Advisor shall refrain from taking such action pending further clarification or instruction from the Board of Directors.

 

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6. Bank Accounts . At the direction of the Board of Directors or the officers of the Company, the Advisor shall establish and maintain bank accounts in the name of the Company, and shall collect and deposit into and disburse from such accounts moneys on behalf of the Company, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may approve, provided that no funds in any such account shall be commingled with funds of the Advisor. The Advisor shall, from time to time, as the Board of Directors or the officers of the Company may require, render appropriate accountings of such collections, deposits and disbursements to the Board of Directors and to the Company’s auditors.

7. Fidelity Bond . The Advisor shall not be required to obtain or maintain a fidelity bond in connection with performing its services hereunder.

8. Compensation . Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11 hereof, and in addition to any compensation for additional services that may be paid pursuant to Section 10 hereof, the Company shall compensate the Advisor or its designees (including the Sub-Advisor) for services rendered hereunder, as follows:

(a) Advisory Fee . The Advisory Fee will be comprised of two separate components: (1) a fixed component payable quarterly (the “ Fixed Component ”); and (2) a performance component payable annually (the “ Performance Component ”), each calculated as follows.

 

  (i) The Fixed Component shall be equal to 1/4 th of 1.5% of the average Invested Assets for each quarter, and paid quarterly in arrears.

 

  (ii) The annual Performance Component shall be calculated on the basis of the Annual Total Return of each class of Shares in any calendar year, such that for any year in which the Annual Total Return Percentage per share for such class exceeds 7.0% per annum (the “ Priority Return Percentage ”), the Performance Component will equal 20% of the difference between the Annual Total Return Percentage and the Priority Return Percentage allocable to such class, multiplied by NAV at the beginning of the applicable period for such class, multiplied by the outstanding number of Shares of such class at the end of the applicable period; provided that in no event will the Performance Component exceed 15% of the Annual Total Return allocable to such class for such year. In the event the NAV per share decreases below $25.00 for any class of Shares during the measurement period, any subsequent increase in such NAV per share to $25.00 (or such other adjusted number) shall not be included in the calculation of the Performance Component with respect to that class, provided that the Board of Directors may decrease this threshold if (i) there has been a fundamental and unexpected change in the overall real estate market and (ii) the Board of Directors, including a majority of Independent Directors, has determined that such change is necessary to appropriately incent the Advisor to perform in a manner that maximizes stockholder value and is in the best interests of the Company’s Stockholders.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the NAV thresholds for each class of Shares are also subject to adjustment by the Board of Directors to account for any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization or any other similar change in the Company’s capital structure or any Distributions that the Board of Directors has deemed to be a return of capital to the applicable class of Stockholders. If the Performance Component is payable with respect to any class of Shares pursuant to this Section 8(c) , the Advisor will be entitled to such payment even in the

 

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event that the Annual Total Return Percentage to the Stockholders of such class (or any particular Stockholder) over any longer or shorter period has been less than the Priority Return Percentage. The performance of the Company in any future period shall not in any way impact the amount of any Advisory Fee payable to the Advisor for prior periods, and the Advisor shall have no obligation to return any portion of any Advisory Fee paid to it or any other Person as a result of the Company’s performance in any such future period. The Performance Component may be earned in a given period for one or more of the Company’s classes of common stock.

For these purposes only, the NAV of each class of Shares shall be (i) $25.00 until the NAV Pricing Date, and following such date, the NAV per Share of such class; (ii) the actual value accorded to each class of Shares in connection with any merger or sale of the Company or its assets; or (iii) if any class of Shares is listed on a national securities exchange, the volume weighted average closing price of such Shares for the last thirty (30) trading days of the current year, or such shorter period as such Shares have been “listed” during the current year.

The Performance Component is payable promptly after the audited financial statements for each calendar year become available, provided that, if this Agreement or its term expires without renewal prior to December 31 of any calendar year, then the Performance Component for such partial year shall be payable promptly after the Company files its unaudited financial statements on Form 10-Q for the quarter that includes the Termination Date. The Performance Component shall be payable for each calendar year in which this Agreement is in effect, even if the Agreement is in effect for less than a full calendar year.

(b) Termination. In the event this Agreement is terminated or its term expires without renewal, the Advisory Fee will be calculated and due and payable after the calculation of NAV on the Termination Date. If such fees are payable with respect to any partial calendar quarter or calendar year, the Fixed Component will be prorated based on the number of days elapsed during any partial calendar quarter and the Performance Component will be prorated based on the number of days elapsed during, and Annual Total Return achieved for, the period of such partial calendar year.

(c) Liquidation. In the event the Company commences a liquidation of its Investments during any calendar year, the Company will pay the Fixed Component from the proceeds of the liquidation and the Performance Component will be calculated and paid at the end of the liquidation period prior to the distribution of the liquidation proceeds to the Stockholders.

(d) Form of Payment. The fees payable under this Section 8 shall be paid in cash; provided , however that the Advisor, in its sole discretion, may elect to be paid any of the fees set forth in this Section 8 in Shares (in lieu of cash payment), in which case the number of Shares shall be equal to (i) the cash amount of such fee divided by (ii) $25.00, or from and after the NAV Pricing Date, then the most recently determined NAV per share. The Advisor shall receive Class P Shares or such other class of Shares as elected by the Advisor with the approval of the Board of Directors.

(e) Deferral of Advisory Fees.

 

  (i) The Advisor shall have the right, in its sole discretion, to elect to defer any portion of Advisory Fees otherwise payable by the Company.

 

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  (ii) Any Advisory Fees otherwise payable that have not been paid pursuant to a deferral election made by the Advisor (collectively referred to as “ Elected Deferred Amounts ”) shall be paid without interest on any specified later date as the Advisor may determine.

 

  (iii) Elected Deferred Amounts shall be reduced on a dollar for dollar basis upon their payment by the Company to the Advisor, and any such payment shall be applied to Elected Deferred Amounts in the order of oldest to newest.

 

  (iv) If, in any given calendar quarter ending on or prior to December 31, 2017, MFFO for that quarter is less than the Declared Distributions for such quarter (in each case, an “ MFFO Shortfall ”), then a portion of the Fixed Component otherwise payable with respect to such quarter shall be deferred in an amount equal to the Declared Distributions for such quarter less the Company’s MFFO for such quarter (the “ MFFO Deferred Amount ”), provided that the MFFO Deferred Amount in any quarter shall not exceed 25% of the Fixed Component otherwise payable with respect to such quarter.

 

  (v) The Advisor shall repay to the Company any Fixed Component previously paid to the Advisor with respect to any calendar quarter in excess of the amount of Fixed Component payable to the Advisor for such quarter after accounting for the MFFO Deferred Amount for such quarter. The occurrence of an MFFO Shortfall in any given calendar quarter shall not entitle the Company to receive any refund of any amounts previously paid to the Advisor except as specifically set forth in this Section 8(d)(v) .

 

  (vi) If, in a given calendar quarter, MFFO for such quarter is greater than the Declared Distributions for such quarter, then, in addition to any compensation or repayment otherwise payable to the Advisor, the Company shall pay the Advisor an amount equal to the lesser of (i) the difference between the MFFO for such quarter and the Declared Distributions for such quarter; and (ii) the aggregate value of any MFFO Deferred Amounts from previous quarters. The value of the MFFO Deferred Amounts shall be reduced on a dollar-for-dollar basis upon the Company’s payment of any amounts under this Section 8(e)(vi) , with such reductions applying to the oldest MFFO Deferred Amount still outstanding.

 

  (vii) In connection with the termination or non-renewal of this Agreement or the completion of a Liquidity Event, the Company shall pay the Advisor for any Elected Deferred Amounts and MFFO Deferred Amounts (collectively, the “ Deferred Amounts ”) that have not been repaid. After the Company has paid any Deferred Amounts to the Advisor to the extent permissible hereunder, the Company shall have no further obligation to pay, and the Advisor shall have no further right to receive, any additional payment of any Deferred Amounts.

(f) Waiver of Advisory Fees.

 

  (i) For any calendar year in which (i) the Company’s MFFO for such year is less than the aggregate Declared Distributions for such year; or (ii) the Company’s cumulative MFFO from its inception until the end of such year is less than the aggregate Distributions Declared since the Company’s inception, any Performance Component otherwise payable with respect to such year will be permanently waived.

 

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  (ii) Section 8(f)(i) hereof will cease to apply upon the commencement of the Initial Public Offering, provided that the Company shall have no obligation to pay, and the Advisor shall have no right to receive payment for, any Performance Components previously waived under Section 8(f)(i) .

9. Expenses .

(a) In addition to the compensation paid to the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective designees pursuant to Section 8 and Section 10 hereof, and subject to the provisions of the Sub-Advisory Agreement and the limitations of Section 9(c) hereof, the Company shall reimburse the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their respective Affiliates for all out-of-pocket expenses attributable to the Company or its subsidiaries including the Operating Partnership and paid or incurred by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective Affiliates in providing certain services and licenses hereunder. For purposes of this Section 9(a) , expenses of the Dealer Manager will only be reimbursed to the extent provided in the Dealer Manager Agreement.

(b) Expenses that the Company shall reimburse pursuant to Section 9(a) hereof include, but are not limited to:

 

  (i) Issuer Costs incurred in the Private Placement in an amount not to exceed the aggregate organization and offering expenses (as such term is used in the Memorandum) received by the Company in connection with the Private Placement;

 

  (ii) Organization and Offering Expenses; provided that within 60 days after the end of the month in which a Public Offering terminates, the Advisor shall reimburse the Company to the extent Organization and Offering Expenses borne by the Company attributable to such Public Offering exceed 15.0% of the Gross Proceeds raised in the completed Public Offering;

 

  (iii) expenses, including Acquisition Expenses incurred in connection with evaluating, selecting, originating or acquiring an Investment or prospective investment or any Sale of an Investment or any contribution of an Investment to a Joint Venture;

 

  (iv) the actual cost of goods and services purchased for and used by the Company and obtained from entities not affiliated with the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor;

 

  (v) interest and other costs for money borrowed on behalf of the Company, including points and other similar fees;

 

  (vi) taxes and assessments on income or attributed to Investments owned by the Company or its subsidiaries including the Operating Partnership;

 

  (vii) premiums and other associated fees for insurance policies including director and officer liability insurance;

 

  (viii) expenses of managing and operating Real Property owned by the Company or the Operating Partnership, whether payable to an Affiliate of the Company or a non-affiliated Person;

 

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  (ix) fees and expenses paid to members of the Board of Directors and the fees and costs of any meetings of the Board of Directors or Stockholders;

 

  (x) expenses associated with dividends or Distributions paid or caused to be paid by the Company or its subsidiaries including the Operating Partnership;

 

  (xi) expenses of organizing the Company or any of its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, including filing, revising, amending, converting or modifying the Charter, Bylaws or other organizational documents and legal fees associated with preparing this Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement;

 

  (xii) expenses associated with Stockholder communications including the cost of preparing, printing and mailing annual reports, proxy statements and other reports required by governmental entities;

 

  (xiii) administrative service expenses charged to, or for the benefit of, the Company or its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, by non-affiliated third parties;

 

  (xiv) audit, accounting and legal fees charged to, or for the benefit of, the Company or its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, by non-affiliated third parties;

 

  (xv) transfer agent and registrar’s fees and charges;

 

  (xvi) expenses incurred in connection with any Liquidity Event; and

 

  (xvii) expenses incurred in connection with any investment in Real Estate-Related Assets and charged to, or for the benefit of, the Company or its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, by non-affiliated third parties.

(c) Notwithstanding any other provision of the Agreement to the contrary, the Company shall not reimburse the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor for any of their respective overhead costs, including rent, utilities and personnel costs (including salaries, bonuses, benefits and severance payments).

(d) With respect to expenses incurred by Affiliates of Inland or the Sub-Advisor related to services and licenses provided for the benefit of the Company, or payments made for these services and licenses, the Advisor, in its sole discretion, may arrange for payment to be made directly from the Company to the Affiliates of Inland or the Sub-Advisor.

10. Compensation for Additional Services, Certain Limitations . The Company and the Advisor will separately negotiate and agree on the fees for any additional services that the Company asks the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their respective Affiliates to render in addition to those set forth in Section 2 hereof. Any additional fees or reimbursements to be paid by the Company in connection with the additional services must be fair and reasonable and shall be approved by a majority of the Board of Directors, including a majority of the Independent Directors.

 

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11. Timing of and Additional Limitations on Reimbursements .

(a) The Advisor shall prepare a statement documenting the expenses paid or incurred by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their respective Affiliates for the Company or its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, on a monthly basis. The Company shall reimburse the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their respective Affiliates for any expenses reimbursable in accordance with this Section 11 within twenty (20) days after receipt of such statements.

(b) Commencing upon the later of the effective date of the Registration Statement for the Initial Public Offering and the fourth fiscal quarter after the quarter in which the Corporation makes its first investment in an Investment, the Company shall not reimburse the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor at the end of any fiscal quarter in which Total Operating Expenses incurred by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, in the aggregate, for the four (4) consecutive fiscal quarters then ended (the “ Expense Year ”) exceed (the “ Excess Amount ”) the greater of two percent (2%) of Average Invested Assets or twenty-five percent (25%) of Net Income (the “ 2%/25% Guidelines ”) for such Expense Year unless the Independent Directors determine that such Excess Amount was justified, based on unusual and nonrecurring factors that the Independent Directors deem sufficient. If the Independent Directors do not approve such Excess Amount as being so justified, the Advisor shall reimburse the Company the amount by which the Total Operating Expenses exceeded the 2%/25% Guidelines. If the Independent Directors determine such Excess Amount was justified, then, within sixty (60) days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Company for which Total Operating Expenses for the Expense Year exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines, the Advisor, at the direction of the Independent Directors, shall cause such fact to be disclosed to the Stockholders in writing (or the Company shall disclose such fact to the Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Company or by filing a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission within sixty (60) days of such quarter end), together with an explanation of the factors the Independent Directors considered in determining that such excess were justified. Such determination shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board of Directors.

12. Other Activities of the Advisor . Nothing contained herein shall prevent the Advisor or any Affiliate of the Advisor from engaging in any other business or activity including, without limitation, rendering services or advising on or earning fees from real estate investment opportunities to any other Person or entity; nor shall this Agreement limit or restrict the right of any director, officer, member, partner, employee or stockholder of the Advisor or any Affiliate of the Advisor to engage in or earn fees from any other business or to render services of any kind to any other Person and earn fees for rendering such services;  provided, however , that the Advisor must devote sufficient resources to the Company’s business to discharge its obligations to the Company under this Agreement.

13. Term; Termination of Agreement .

(a) Term; Renewal . The initial term of this Agreement shall begin on the date first written above and end on the first anniversary of the effective date of the Registration Statement for the Initial Public Offering and, thereafter, will continue in force for successive one-year periods with the mutual consent of the parties including an affirmative vote of a majority of the Independent Directors; provided, however, that in no event shall the term of this Agreement end until the date that is 60 days after the Board of Directors provides written notice to the Advisor of the Board of Directors’ determination not to renew this Agreement. The Board of Directors will evaluate the performance of the Advisor annually before renewing this Agreement, and each renewal shall be for a term of no more than one year.

(b) Early Termination . Notwithstanding any other provision of the Agreement to the contrary, this Agreement may be terminated without cause or penalty, by the Company upon a vote of a majority of the Independent Directors or by the Advisor, in each case by providing no less than sixty (60) days’ prior written notice to the other party. In the event of the termination of this Agreement, the Advisor will cooperate with the Company and take all reasonable steps requested to assist the Board of Directors in making an orderly transition of the functions performed hereunder by the Advisor. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company will reimburse the Advisor for all costs and expenses (including, without

 

19


limitation, for any expenses otherwise properly incurred but not yet reimbursed and, in accordance with Section 8(e)(iv) , for any Deferred Amounts that have not expired or been repaid) incurred by the Advisor for time spent by the Advisor in connection with the termination and for providing the transition services required. In no event shall the Advisor be required to provide transition services in excess of thirty (30) days after the date of termination of this Agreement.

(c) Termination Pursuant to a Change of Control . This Agreement may be terminated by the Advisor upon a Change of Control.

14. Assignments . The Advisor may not assign this Agreement except to a successor organization that acquires substantially all of its property and carries on the affairs of the Advisor; provided, however that following the assignment, the persons who controlled the operations of the Advisor immediately prior thereto (the “ Control Persons ”), control the operations of the successor organization, including the performance of duties under this Agreement; provided, further, that if at any time subsequent to the assignment the Control Persons cease to control the operations of the successor organization, the Company may thereupon terminate this Agreement immediately upon notice to the Advisor. This Agreement shall not be assignable by the Company, by operation of law or otherwise, without the consent of the Advisor. Any permitted assignment of this Agreement shall bind the assignee hereunder in the same manner as the assignor is bound hereunder.

15. Obligations Upon Termination; Survival of Certain Provisions . Except as otherwise set forth in this Agreement, upon termination of this Agreement, the parties shall have no further liability or obligation hereunder, provided Sections 13(b), 15, 16, 17 and 25 shall survive termination of this Agreement. Except as set forth in Section 13(b) , the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall not be entitled to earn compensation under this Agreement after the Termination Date. After the Termination Date, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, shall be entitled to receive from the Company within thirty (30) days after the Termination Date all amounts then accrued and owing to the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor or which the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor has deferred and then elects to be paid at the time of termination (including without limitation, any expenses otherwise properly incurred but not yet reimbursed and any Deferred Amounts that have not expired or been repaid), subject to the limitations set forth in Section 11 to the extent applicable. With respect to any Advisory Fee payable under Section 8 of this Agreement for the calendar quarter or year in which the termination occurred, the Advisor shall be paid on a pro rata basis through the date of termination, based on the number of days for which the Advisor served as such under this Agreement.

16. Actions Upon Termination . In connection with the termination of this Agreement, the Advisor shall:

(a) pay over to the Company all moneys collected and held for the account of the Company pursuant to this Agreement, after deducting any accrued or deferred compensation and reimbursement for expenses to which the Advisor is entitled;

(b) deliver to the Board of Directors a full accounting, including a statement showing all payments collected by the Advisor and a statement of all money held by the Advisor, covering the period following the date of the last accounting furnished to the Board of Directors to the date of termination; and

(c) deliver to the Board of Directors all property and documents of the Company then in the custody of the Advisor.

 

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17. Non-Solicitation . During the period commencing on the date on which this Agreement is entered into and ending one year following the termination of this Agreement, the Company shall not, without the Advisor’s or the Sub-Advisor’s prior written consent, directly or indirectly: (i) solicit, induce, or encourage any person to leave the employment or other service of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their Affiliates to become employed by the Company or any of its subsidiaries; or (ii) hire or offer to hire, on behalf of the Company or any other Person, any employee of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their Affiliates. Further, with respect to any person who left the employment of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their Affiliates (x) during the term of this Agreement or (y) within six (6) months immediately after the termination of this Agreement, the Company shall not, without the Advisor’s or the Sub-Advisor’s prior written consent, directly or indirectly hire or offer to hire on behalf of the Company or any other Person, that person during the six (6) months immediately following his or her cessation of employment. The Company acknowledges and agrees that the restrictions contained in this Section 17 are reasonable and necessary to protect the legitimate interests of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor and constitute a material inducement of the Advisor to enter into this Agreement and the Sub-Advisor to enter into the Sub-Advisory Agreement with the Advisor. If the Company breaches, or threatens to commit a breach of, this Section 17 , the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall each have the right, in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other rights and remedies available to the Advisor or Sub-Advisor, as the case may be, to have such provision specifically enforced by any court having competent jurisdiction (without any requirement to post a bond), it being acknowledged and agreed that any such breach or threatened breach will cause irreparable injury.

18. Amendments . This Agreement shall not be amended, changed, modified or terminated, or the obligations hereunder discharged, in whole or in part except by an instrument in writing signed by both parties hereto, or their respective successors or assigns; provider, however, that no modification that impacts the right or obligations of the Sub-Advisor may be made without the Sub-Advisor’s consent and signature.

19. Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and shall bind, any permitted successors or assigns of the parties hereto.

20. Governing Law . The provisions of this Agreement shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to its conflicts of law principles.

21. Liability and Indemnification .

(a) The Company shall indemnify the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor and their respective Affiliates, officers, directors, employees and agents (individually an “ Indemnitee ,” collectively the “ Indemnitees ”) to the same extent as the Company may indemnify its officers, directors and employees under its Charter and Bylaws so long as:

 

  (i) the Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss, liability or expense was in the best interests of the Company;

 

  (i) the Indemnitee was acting on behalf of, or performing services on the part of, the Company;

 

  (ii) the liability or loss was not the result of negligence or misconduct on the part of the Indemnitee; and

 

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  (iii) any amounts payable to the Indemnitee are paid only out of the Company’s net assets and not from any personal assets of any Stockholder.

(b) The Company shall not indemnify any Indemnitee seeking indemnification for losses, liabilities or expenses arising from, or out of, an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws (“ Securities Claims ”) unless one or more of the following conditions are met:

 

  (i) there has been a successful adjudication for the Indemnitee on the merits of each count involving alleged material Securities Claims as to such Indemnitee;

 

  (ii) the Securities Claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to such Indemnitee; or

 

  (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the Securities Claims and finds that indemnification for the costs of settlement and related costs should be made and the court considering the request has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the published opinions of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities of the Company were offered and sold as to indemnification for Securities Claims.

(c) The Company shall advance amounts to Indemnitees entitled to indemnification hereunder for legal and other expenses and costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought only if all of the following conditions are satisfied:

 

  (i) the legal action relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services by the Indemnitee for or on behalf of the Company;

 

  (ii) the legal action is initiated by a third party who is not a Stockholder or the legal action is initiated by a Stockholder acting in his or her capacity as such and a court of competent jurisdiction specifically approves advancement; and

 

  (ii) the Indemnitee receiving the advance provides the Company with written affirmation of his, her or its good faith belief that he or she has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification and undertakes to repay any monies advanced, together with interest thereon at the applicable rate, if a court finds that the person is not entitled to be indemnified.

22. Notices . All notices, requests or demands to be given under this Agreement from one party to the other (collectively, “ Notices ” and individually a “ Notice ”) shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, or by overnight courier service for next Business Day delivery at the other party’s address set forth below, or by telecopy transmission at the other party’s facsimile telephone number set forth below. Notices given by personal delivery (i.e., by the sending party or a messenger) shall be deemed given on the date of delivery. Notices given by overnight courier service shall be deemed given upon deposit with the overnight courier service and Notices given by telecopy transmission shall be deemed given on the date of transmission provided such transmission is completed by 5:00 p.m. (sending party’s local time) on a Business Day, otherwise delivery by transmission shall be deemed to occur on the next succeeding Business Day. If any party’s address is a business, receipt, or the refusal to accept delivery, by a receptionist or by any Person in the employ of such party, shall be deemed actual receipt by the party of Notices. Notices may be issued by an attorney for a party and in such case such Notices shall be deemed given by such party. The parties’ addresses are as follows:

 

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If to the Company or the Operating Partnership:

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

2901 Butterfield Road

Oak Brook, IL 60523

Attention: Chief Executive Officer

Telephone: (630) 218-8000

Facsimile: (630) 368-2218

If to the Advisor:

Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC

2901 Butterfield Road

Oak Brook, IL 60523

Attention: Robert H. Baum, Esq.

Telephone: (630) 218-8000

Facsimile: (630) 368-2218

Any party may at any time give notice in writing to the other party of a change of its address for the purpose of this Section 22 .

23. Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Relationship to the Company and to the Company’s Stockholders . The Company and the Operating Partnership on the one hand and the Advisor on the other hand recognize that their relationship is subject to various conflicts of interest. The Advisor, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, acknowledges that the Advisor has a fiduciary relationship to the Company and its Stockholders and the Operating Partnership and its partners. The Advisor, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, shall endeavor to balance the interests of the Company and the Operating Partnership with the interests of the Advisor and its Affiliates in making any determination where a conflict of interest exists between the Company or the Operating Partnership and the Advisor or its Affiliates.

24. Cyber-Security and Business Continuity . The Advisor shall maintain (i) business continuity and disaster recovery and backup capabilities and (ii) policies and procedures reasonably designed to detect, prevent and respond to cyber-attacks. The Advisor shall promptly notify the Board of Directors of any cyber-security breach which could reasonably be expected to affect the Company or the ability of the Advisor to perform its duties and other obligations under this Agreement.

25. Confidentiality . The Advisor acknowledges and agrees that it will have access to confidential and proprietary information and materials concerning or pertaining to the Company. The Advisor, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates shall, and shall cause its and its Affiliates’ partners, managers, officers, employees, representatives and agents, to hold such information in the strictest confidence and to not use, copy, or divulge to third parties or otherwise use, except in accordance with the terms of this Agreement in furtherance of its duties and obligations hereunder, any information obtained from or through the Company; provided that this covenant shall not apply to information (i) which is in the public domain now or when it becomes in the public domain in the future, other than by reason of a breach of this Agreement, (ii) which has come to the Advisor from a lawful source not bound to maintain the confidentiality of such information, or (iii) disclosures which are required by law, regulatory authority, regulation or legal process so long as the Advisor provides prompt written notice in advance of such disclosures (to the extent permitted by applicable law and practical under the circumstances) in order to allow the Company the opportunity to seek (at the Company’s expense) a protective order or other appropriate remedy (and if such protective order or similar remedy is obtained no such disclosure shall be made to the extent no longer required as a result of such protective order or similar remedy).

 

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26. Headings . The section headings hereof have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be construed to affect the meaning, construction or effect of this Agreement.

27. Third-Party Beneficiary.  The Sub-Advisor is intended to be a third-party beneficiary of the Company’s payment and indemnification obligations hereunder and for the provisions in Section 17 ( Non-Solicitation ). Except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence and except for those Persons entitled to indemnification under Section 21 , who shall be third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement, no other Person is a third party beneficiary of this Agreement.

28. Initial Investment . Prior to the commencement of the Initial Public Offering, the Advisor or one of its Affiliates shall have contributed $200,000 (the “ Initial Investment ”) in exchange for the issuance of Shares of the Company. The Advisor or its Affiliates may not sell any of the Shares purchased with the Initial Investment while the Advisor acts in an advisory capacity to the Company. The restrictions included above shall not apply to any Shares acquired by the Advisor or its Affiliates other than the Shares acquired in the amount of the Initial Investment. Neither the Advisor not its Affiliates shall vote any Shares they now own, or hereafter acquire, or consent that such Shares be voted, on matters submitted to the Stockholders regarding (i) the removal of Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC or any of its Affiliates as the Advisor; (ii) the removal of any member of the Board of Directors; or (iii) any transaction by and between the Company and the Advisor, a member of the Board of Directors or any of their Affiliates.

[Signatures on next page]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned have executed this Advisory Agreement as of the date first above written.

 

COMPANY:     ADVISOR:
INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.     INLAND INPOINT ADVISOR, LLC
By:   INPOINT REIT OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, LP      
Its:   General Partner      
By:   /s/ Mitchell A. Sabshon     By:   /s/ Roderick S. Curtis
Name:   Mitchell A. Sabshon     Name:   Roderick S. Curtis
Title:   Chief Executive Officer     Title:   President

 

OPERATING PARTNERSHIP:
INPOINT REIT OPERATING PARTNERSHIP, LP
By:   INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.
Its:   General Partner
By:   /s/ Mitchell A. Sabshon
Name:   Mitchell A. Sabshon
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

 

[ Signature Page to the Advisory Agreement ]

Exhibit 10.2

SUB-ADVISORY AGREEMENT

This Sub-Advisory Agreement (this “ Agreement ”), dated as of October 25, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”), is between Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Advisor ”), and SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “ Sub-Advisor ”).

WITNESSETH:

WHEREAS, InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “ Company ”), has appointed the Advisor as its advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement among the Company, InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP (the “ Operating Partnership ”) and the Advisor, dated as of the date of this Agreement (as the same may be amended, restated or otherwise modified from time to time in accordance with its terms, the “ Advisory Agreement ”);

WHEREAS, the Advisor desires to avail itself of the knowledge, experience, sources of information, advice, assistance and certain facilities available to the Sub-Advisor and to have the Sub-Advisor undertake the duties and responsibilities hereinafter set forth, on behalf of the Advisor, and subject to the supervision of, the Advisor and the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board of Directors ”), all as provided herein; and

WHEREAS, the Sub-Advisor is willing to undertake such duties and responsibilities on the terms and subject to the conditions hereinafter set forth.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the Parties hereto agree as follows:

Article 1

Definitions

Capitalized terms that are defined in the Advisory Agreement but not otherwise defined in this Agreement have the respective meanings ascribed to such terms in the Advisory Agreement, a copy of which is attached hereto as Appendix A.

The following defined terms used in this Agreement shall have the meanings specified below:

Advisor Cause Event ” means the occurrence of one or more of the following: (i) fraud, criminal conduct or willful misconduct by the Advisor in connection with the performance of its obligations under the Advisory Agreement; (ii) the Advisor breaches any material provision of the Advisory Agreement and, after notice of such breach, does not cure such breach within thirty (30) days; (iii) the Advisor is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent by a court of competent jurisdiction, or an order is made by a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, custodian or trustee of the Advisor, for all or a substantial part of its property by reason of the foregoing, or if a court of competent jurisdiction approves any petition filed against the Advisor for reorganization, and such adjudication or order remains in force or unstayed for a period of thirty (30) days; (iv) the Advisor institutes proceedings for voluntary bankruptcy or files a petition seeking reorganization under the federal bankruptcy laws, or for relief under any law for relief of debtors, or consents to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, custodian or trustee for itself or for all or a substantial part of its property, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts, generally, as they become due; (v) grounds exist for the Sub-Advisor to terminate this Agreement for Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason; or (vi) the following events have occurred: (A) the Advisor or any Affiliate is the subject of an indictment, or a governmental or regulatory agency commences an investigation or makes a finding that the Advisor or such Affiliate has engaged in fraud, willful misconduct or other illegal act and (B) within 60 days following such indictment, investigation or finding, three or more soliciting dealers cancel or suspend for more than 90 consecutive days their selling agreements with the Dealer Manager related to the Company representing in the aggregate the lesser of (I) 7,500 financial advisors or (II) 25% of the aggregate number of financial advisors selling the Company’s shares. For purposes of subsection (vi)(B) above, Affiliated soliciting dealers shall be counted collectively as one soliciting dealer.


Cause ” means (i) fraud, criminal conduct or willful misconduct by the Sub-Advisor in connection with the performance of its obligations under this Agreement, or (ii) if any of the following events occur: (A) the Sub-Advisor breaches any material provision of this Agreement and, after notice of such breach, does not cure such breach within thirty (30) days; (B) the Sub-Advisor is adjudged bankrupt or insolvent by a court of competent jurisdiction, or an order is made by a court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, custodian or trustee of the Sub-Advisor, for all or a substantial part of its property by reason of the foregoing, or if a court of competent jurisdiction approves any petition filed against the Sub-Advisor for reorganization, and such adjudication or order remains in force or unstayed for a period of thirty (30) days; (C) the Sub-Advisor institutes proceedings for voluntary bankruptcy or files a petition seeking reorganization under the federal bankruptcy laws, or for relief under any law for relief of debtors, or consents to the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, custodian or trustee for itself or for all or a substantial part of its property, or makes a general assignment for the benefit of its creditors, or admits in writing its inability to pay its debts, generally, as they become due; or (D) in the sole determination of the Board of Directors, including a majority of the Independent Directors, the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio management is unsatisfactory.

Investor Proceeds ” means the Gross Offering Proceeds less Selling Commissions and up-front Dealer Manager Fees and less any amounts invested in Equity Stock by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or any of their respective Affiliates.

Party ” or “ Parties ” refer to the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor or both, as the case may be.

Primary Target Investment ” means (i) first mortgage loans, subordinated mortgage and mezzanine loans, and participations in such loans, (ii) commercial real estate securities, such as CMBS, senior unsecured debt of publicly-traded REITs and CDO notes, and (iii) other than with respect to Section 8.5 , single-tenant, triple net leased properties.

Selected Funds ” means REITs, business development companies, funds registered under the Investment Company Act and publicly-offered direct participation programs as defined by FINRA Rule 2310.

Sub-Advisor Nominee ” means (i) any person designated as a nominee to the Board of Directors by the Sub-Advisor in accordance with Section 7.1(A) , and (ii) any person designated to fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 7.1(D) .

Article 2

Appointment

The Advisor, pursuant to its authority under the Advisory Agreement to delegate its rights and powers to manage and control the business and affairs of the Company to any third-party supervised by the Advisor, including the Sub-Advisor, hereby appoints the Sub-Advisor to serve as the sub-advisor for the Company pursuant to the terms hereof, and the Sub-Advisor hereby accepts such appointment. Pursuant to Section 2 of the Advisory Agreement, the Advisor is responsible for managing, operating, directing and supervising the operations and administration of the Company and its subsidiaries and their respective assets, including without limitation all investment activities of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Advisor delegates, and the Sub-Advisor agrees to perform, the duties set forth in Article 3 hereof, subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the limitations set forth in the Advisory Agreement, and consistent with the provisions of the Charter and Bylaws and the continuing and exclusive authority of the Board of Directors over the supervision of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Article 3

Duties of the Sub-Advisor

Consistent with Article 2 hereof, the Sub-Advisor undertakes to use commercially reasonable efforts to, either directly or indirectly by engaging an Affiliate or, if consented to in writing in advance by the Advisor, a third party, perform the duties set forth in this Article 3 ; provided, however , that advance written consent shall not be required if a third party is engaged by the Sub-Advisor to perform activities reasonably necessary to facilitate an Investment, which shall include but not be limited to appraisers, surveyors and environmental consultants; provided further that

 

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the fees and expenses of any such third party shall only be reimbursable by the Company to the extent that, at the time of engagement of any such third party, it is acting in connection with an Investment on behalf of the Company and, if any such third party is simultaneously acting for any other Person in addition to the Company, only to the extent of the services provided to the Sub-Advisor for purposes of such Investment.

3.1 Investment Origination, Selection, Monitoring and Disposition Services . The Sub-Advisor shall, subject to the oversight of the Advisor, manage the origination, selection and monitoring process for Investments and shall perform the following services:

(A) Subject to the investment objectives and policies of the Company, the express terms of this Agreement and any directions of the Board of Directors, including the Investment Guidelines: (i) locate, analyze and select potential Investments; (ii) prepare a pipeline report summarizing potential investment opportunities (the “ Pipeline Report ”) and provide the Pipeline Report to the Advisor on or about the same date as the Pipeline Report is provided internally by the Sub-Advisor to its investment committee, but in any event no less frequently than monthly (it being understood and agreed that the Advisor shall not make the Pipeline Report or its contents available to any employee of the Advisor or its Affiliates who is responsible for sourcing or recommending Primary Target Investments for any Person other than the Company; provided that the foregoing shall not prevent officers of the Advisor (other than those primarily responsible for sourcing investments) from reviewing the Pipeline Report); (iii) structure and negotiate the terms and conditions of transactions pursuant to which Investments will be made or pursuant to which Investments will be sold; and (iv) acquire or sell Investments on behalf of the Company;

(B) Conduct due diligence on potential Investments and prepare reports regarding prospective Investments, which include, for potential Investments that require the approval of the Board of Directors, recommendations and supporting documentation necessary for the Board of Directors to evaluate the prospective investments;

(C) Manage the origination, closing and underwriting processes for Real Estate Loans and other Investments, as applicable;

(D) Identify and evaluate potential financing and refinancing sources for the Investments, engaging a third-party broker if necessary, and negotiate terms and arrange and supervise the execution of financing agreements;

(E) Provide credit analysis services for Investments;

(F) Contract for, monitor and oversee the servicing of and compliance with the terms of Real Estate Loans, other Investments, debt facilities and other borrowings;

(G) Assist the Advisor and the Company with compliance with the various REIT qualification tests in the REIT Provisions of the Code; provided, that prior to making any Investment or disposition of any Investment pursuant to its discretionary authority that is not pre-approved by the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor shall confirm that each such Investment or disposition of any Investment, when made, will be in compliance with, and will not cause the REIT to fail to comply with, the various REIT qualification tests in the REIT Provisions of the Code;

(H) Oversee material leases and service contracts related to Investments; and

(I) (i) Except as provided in Section 3.1(I)(ii) , the Advisor shall have the right to pre-approve each Investment and each sale of any Investment (including any increase or decrease in a position size or any modification in the terms of any Investment). For each proposed Investment and each sale of any Investment (including any proposed increase or decrease in a position size or any proposed modification), the Sub-Advisor shall provide the Advisor with (x) a reasonably detailed explanation of the investment thesis or rationale for such Investment or sale, including any memoranda or other documents prepared for and provided to the investment committee of the Sub-Advisor and any other relevant supporting documentation or materials reasonably sufficient to allow the Advisor to review and analyze the proposed Investment or sale and (y) reasonable access to the officers and employees of the Sub-Advisor involved in sourcing, selecting, reviewing or approving such Investment or sale as the Advisor may reasonably request to answer reasonable questions regarding such Investment or sale. The Advisor agrees to promptly consider each such Investment or sale presented to the Advisor for pre-approval as set forth above and inform the Sub-Advisor of its decision.

 

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(ii) Subject to Section 3.1(G) , for potential Investments or any sales of Investments (including any proposed increase or decrease in a position size or any modification in the terms of any Investment) that are within the parameters and below the dollar thresholds set forth in the Investment Guidelines for which the Sub-Advisor has discretionary authority to act, the Sub-Advisor shall have the right to select and make each such Investment or sell each such Investment, as the case may be, without the Advisor’s pre-approval; provided, however , that for each such Investment and each sale of such Investment (including any increase or decrease in a position size or any modification in the terms of any Investment), as the case may be, either before or promptly after making such Investment or sale, as the case may be, the Sub-Advisor shall provide the Advisor with (x) written notice of such Investment or sale, (y) a reasonably detailed explanation of the investment thesis or rationale for such Investment or sale, including any memoranda or other documents prepared for and provided to the investment committee of the Sub-Advisor and any other relevant supporting documentation or materials reasonably sufficient to allow the Advisor to review and analyze the Investment or sale and (z) reasonable access to the officers and employees of the Sub-Advisor involved in sourcing, selecting, reviewing or approving such Investment or sale as the Advisor may reasonably request to answer reasonable questions regarding such Investment or sale.

3.2 Portfolio Management Services. The Sub-Advisor shall perform the following portfolio management services:

(A) Serve as the Company’s investment and financial advisor, conduct investment research, monitor applicable markets and obtain reports where appropriate concerning the value and condition of Investments;

(B) Provide management services in respect of Investments and perform and supervise the various management and operational functions related to the Investments;

(C) Formulate and oversee the implementation of strategies for the administration, promotion, management, operation, maintenance, improvement, financing and refinancing, marketing, leasing and disposition of Investments on an individual and overall portfolio basis;

(D) Provide Investment portfolio management functions;

(E) Provide the Company with, or assist the Company in arranging for, all necessary cash management services, including credit facility management;

(F) Oversee the performance of the Real Estate Manager in connection with real estate management services and other activities relating to the Company’s Real Property; provided that the Real Estate Manager for any triple net leased properties shall be an Affiliate of the Advisor unless the Sub-Advisor determines in its commercially reasonable judgment that the Company would benefit from a Real Estate Manager other than an Affiliate of the Advisor; and

(G) Provide liquidity management services for the Company’s share repurchase program as may be requested by the Advisor.

3.3 Joint Duties of Advisor and Sub-Advisor . Subject to the oversight of the Board of Directors, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor agree to jointly perform, or cause to be performed, the following services for the Company:

(A) Investments and Credit Facility : (i) establishment of asset allocation guidelines; (ii) sourcing and negotiating terms for a revolving credit facility; and (iii) ongoing monitoring of Investments;

(B) Board of Directors Meetings : The Parties shall jointly participate in the preparation of Board of Directors meeting materials and their representatives shall participate in meetings of the Board of Directors upon the request of the Board of Directors, including participating in quarterly meetings of the Board of Directors and preparing written reports and making presentations regarding the Company’s Investment portfolio to the Board of Directors and, in the case of the Sub-Advisor, preparing and presenting to the Board of Directors the Quarterly Co-Investment Transaction Report;

 

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(C) Valuation : The Advisor will be primarily responsible for managing the process related to valuing the Investments, based on the valuation information and calculations provided by the Valuation Advisor and the Fund Administrator, with assistance from the Sub-Advisor; provided, however , the Sub-Advisor shall be responsible, if requested by the Advisor, for providing the Advisor with pricing for fair valued Investments in accordance with the requirements of the Valuation Guidelines; and

(D) Sales and Liquidity Events : Assist the Board of Directors in evaluating Sales and Liquidity Events, including without limitation: (i) performing due diligence in connection with investigating potential Sales or Liquidity Events; (ii) selecting and conducting relations with experts, investment banking firms and potential acquirers of Real Property and Real Estate-Related Assets, among others; (iii) preparing investment and other strategic models regarding Sales and Liquidity Events for evaluation by the Board of Directors; and (iv) preparing written reports and making presentations regarding potential Sales and Liquidity Events to the Board of Directors.

(E) Expense Budgeting : Each Party shall provide to the other, not later than 60 days following each calendar quarter (the “ Most Recently Completed Quarter ”), (i) a budget for the four calendar quarters immediately commencing after the Most Recently Completed Quarter projecting the third-party expenses the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, respectively, anticipates to expend on behalf of, and to be reimbursed by, the Company (the “ Reimbursable Expenses ”) and (ii) a reconciliation of the actual Reimbursable Expenses for the Most Recently Completed Quarter to the most recently budgeted Reimbursable Expenses for the Most Recently Completed Quarter.

3.4 Sub-Advisor’s Support Services . The Sub-Advisor shall provide advice and support to the Advisor, as necessary and requested, in connection with the Advisor’s performance of its responsibilities set forth below, which shall remain the responsibility of the Advisor.

(A) Formation Process : (i) securities registration process and Company organizational process, including liaising with counsel on formation documents, compliance policies and procedures and codes of ethics; (ii) preparation of initial capitalization financial statements; (iii) retention and selection of auditor, escrow agent, administrator, Fund Administrator, custodian, Valuation Advisor and transfer agent; (iv) preparation of and completing offering documents including updates thereto and such other amendments and supplements as the Advisor shall determine to be necessary or desirable; and (v) preparation of marketing materials and content development.

(B) Periodic Reporting, Repurchase Offers and Proxy Statements : (i) periodic and current reporting under the Exchange Act, including Forms 10-K, 10-Q and 8-K; (ii) preparation of periodic financial statements, periodic stockholder reports and annual and special meeting proxy statements, including Schedules 14A and 14C, as applicable; (iii) filings, reports and press releases associated with Company repurchase offers of any share class as may be approved by the Board of Directors; and (iv) such other notices, filings and submissions pursuant to the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and the Commodity Exchange Act of 1936 as may be required from time to time.

(C) Sales Support : (i) oversight of and assistance with, the wholesaling sale activities of the Dealer Manager, including building of a “selling group,” to effectuate the distribution of the Shares in the Private Placement and any Public Offering through the independent broker-dealer, registered investment advisor, and “wire house” channels (collectively, the “ Channels ”); (ii) third party reporting and due diligence; (iii) participation at industry conferences; (iv) sales compliance; and (v) processing of subscriptions for the Shares.

(D) Administration : (i) financial reporting; (ii) stockholder communications and services; and (iii) financial advisor communications and services.

 

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3.5 Major Decisions .

(A) Subject to Section 3.5(C) , all major decisions of the Advisor pursuant to the Advisory Agreement as set forth below in clauses (A)(1) through (A)(5) (“ Major Decisions ”) shall be subject to joint approval by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor. For the avoidance of doubt, Major Decisions specifically exclude any decisions regarding the day-to-day operations of the Company delegated to the Sub-Advisor pursuant to this Agreement. Major Decisions shall consist of:

 

  (1) Recommendations to the Board of Directors with respect to the following:

 

  (a) retention of investment banks for the Company;

 

  (b) extending, initiating or terminating the Private Placement, the Initial Public Offering or any subsequent Public Offering; and

 

  (c) merging or otherwise engaging in any Change of Control or Liquidity Event; and

 

  (2) Decisions related to:

 

  (a) marketing methods for the Company’s sale of Shares;

 

  (b) the deferral of all or any portion of the Advisory Fee; and

 

  (c) issuing press releases involving the foregoing Major Decisions.

(B) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, if the Parties do not agree to any action constituting a Major Decision and that has been proposed by either Party, the Parties shall meet (in person or by phone) to discuss the issue in dispute in good faith over the five-Business Day period beginning with the delivery of notice of the proposed action to the other Party. If, after the expiration of the above-referenced five-Business Day period, the Parties still do not agree as to the proposed course of action regarding such Major Decision, representatives of both the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor will be obligated to present each of their respective proposed courses of action regarding such Major Decision to the Board of Directors for consideration within an additional five-Business Day period and the Board of Directors, including a majority of the Independent Directors, shall thereafter decide the course of action to be taken regarding such Major Decision.

(C) Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 3.5 or any other provision in this Agreement to the contrary, in all events, including Major Decisions, the Company will be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors.

Article 4

Authority and Certain Activities of Sub-Advisor

The Sub-Advisor shall have the authority set forth in Section 3 of the Advisory Agreement to the extent such authority is delegated to the Sub-Advisor hereunder, shall abide by the limitations of Section 5 of the Advisory Agreement, and shall have the authority to establish and maintain bank accounts as set forth in Section 6 of the Advisory Agreement, all of which (i.e., Sections 3, 5 and 6 of the Advisory Agreement) are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein.

Article 5

Sub-Advisor Compensation

The Sub-Advisor shall be entitled to the compensation described in this Article 5 in connection with the services performed under this Agreement. The Sub-Advisor may assign any of its rights to receive such compensation or other payments under this Agreement to an Affiliate, and the Advisor agrees to direct the Company to pay such amounts directly to the assignee of any such assignment.

 

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5.1 Advisory Fees . The Advisor hereby assigns to the Sub-Advisor its right to receive direct payment from the Company of 75% of all Advisory Fees payable to the Advisor pursuant to Section 8 of the Advisory Agreement and agrees to direct the Company to pay such amounts to the Sub-Advisor in accordance with the applicable terms of the Advisory Agreement.

5.2 Deferral of Advisory Fees . In the event that any portion of the Advisory Fees otherwise payable are deferred:

(A) any amounts deferred shall be allocated proportionately at a rate of 75% to the Sub-Advisor and 25% to the Advisor; and

(B) the Sub-Advisor shall be entitled to receive its 75% proportionate share of any such deferred amounts paid by the Company to the Advisor and the Advisor agrees to direct the Company to pay such amounts to the Sub-Advisor at the same time as the Company pays the Advisor’s 25% proportionate share to the Advisor.

Article 6

Expense Reimbursements

6.1 Issuer Costs . The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall each be responsible for their respective fees and expenses in connection with the preparation of this Agreement, which shall be subject to reimbursement as Issuer Costs pursuant to Section 9 of the Advisory Agreement. With respect to Issuer Costs incurred by the Parties which are reimbursable pursuant to Section 9 of the Advisory Agreement, until such date as the Company is able to pay all of such Issuer Costs directly, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor will pay such costs on behalf of the Company proportionately at a rate of 25% by the Advisor and 75% by the Sub-Advisor; and each Party agrees to make a payment to the other Party following the calculation of all unreimbursed Issuer Costs for a month in order to maintain such expense allocation. Any Issuer Costs not reimbursed because the Company is unable to pay all Issuer Costs will be deferred and paid by the Company in future periods. In order to maintain the allocation described above, the Parties agree that payments by the Company for Issuer Costs shall be paid 75% to the Sub-Advisor and 25% to the Advisor. To the extent the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, receives reimbursement from the Company in excess of the Advisor’s or the Sub-Advisor’s allocated share, as applicable, under this Section 6.1 , the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, shall promptly pay to the other Party its proportionate share of such reimbursement (taking into account payments already received). Neither of the Parties shall be entitled to receive any reimbursement unless both Parties receive reimbursement from the Company in accordance with the allocated share described above.

6.2 Expenses Other than Issuer Costs. When the Advisor is entitled to reimbursement of expenses other than Issuer Costs pursuant to Sections 9 and 11 of the Advisory Agreement, it shall reimburse the Sub-Advisor, or direct the Company to pay the Sub-Advisor directly for expenses other than Issuer Costs incurred by the Sub-Advisor.

6.3 Fee Waivers . Any waiver of any fees shall be effected only upon the mutual agreement of the Parties. All fee waivers and expense payments by the Parties shall be subject to a reimbursement obligation of the Company that meets regulatory requirements and conforms to the limitations of the Charter.

6.4 Periodic Review of Expenses . The Parties shall review together all expenses of the Company on a monthly basis for purposes of maintaining expense controls and shall reasonably agree on any expenses to be incurred in excess of $20,000, individually or in the aggregate.

6.5 Documenting Expenses . The Sub-Advisor shall prepare and deliver to the Advisor a statement documenting the expenses paid or incurred by the Sub-Advisor and its Affiliates for the Company or its subsidiaries, including the Operating Partnership, on a monthly basis.

 

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Article 7

Voting Agreements

7.1 Company Directors .

(A) Pursuant to Section 3(e) of the Advisory Agreement and subject to the Charter and Bylaws, the Board of Directors will at all times be comprised of no fewer than five (5) members. The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall each have the right to designate for nomination, subject to the approval of such nomination by the Board of Directors, one (1) director to the slate to be voted on by the stockholders; provided however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased by a vote of the Board of Directors pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws, such number of director nominees which each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor is entitled to designate shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than 20% of the total number of directors.

The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall have the right to consult with each other and jointly designate for nomination, subject to approval of such nomination by the Board of Directors, three (3) individuals to serve as Independent Directors; provided, however, that in the event the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors is increased by a vote of the Board of Directors pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws, such number of Independent Director nominees which the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are entitled to designate shall be increased as necessary by a number that will result in such nominees representing not less than the minimum number of Independent Directors required under applicable law and pursuant to the Charter and Bylaws.

The Advisor agrees, with respect to any Shares now or hereinafter owned by it, to vote such Shares in favor of the Sub-Advisor’s nominees for the Board of Directors. As of the date hereof, the Sub-Advisor’s nominee is Donald MacKinnon. The Sub-Advisor agrees, with respect to any Shares now or hereinafter owned by it, to vote such Shares in favor of the Advisor’s nominees for the Board of Directors. As of the date hereof, the Advisor’s nominee is Mitchell Sabshon.

(B) To facilitate the nomination rights set forth above, the Advisor will use commercially reasonable efforts to notify the Sub-Advisor in writing a reasonable period of time in advance of any action to be taken by the Company or the Board of Directors for the purpose of nominating, electing or designating directors, which notice, in the case of a proxy statement, information statement or registration statement in which nominees for director would be named, shall be delivered by the Advisor to the Sub-Advisor no later than 15 days prior to the anticipated mailing or filing date, as applicable. Such notice shall set forth in reasonable detail the nature of the action to be taken by the Company or the Board of Directors, and the anticipated date thereof. Upon receipt of such notice, the Sub-Advisor will consult with the Advisor to designate any Sub-Advisor Nominees as soon as reasonably practicable thereafter; provided, however , that if the Sub-Advisor shall have failed to designate Sub-Advisor Nominees in a timely manner, the Sub-Advisor shall be deemed to have designated any incumbent Sub-Advisor Nominees in a timely manner unless there are no remaining incumbent Sub-Advisor Nominees or the incumbent Sub-Advisor Nominee declines to serve, in which case the Advisor or the Board of Directors may designate for nomination another Person.

(C) The Sub-Advisor will provide the Company or the Advisor with such information about each Sub-Advisor Nominee as is reasonably requested by the Company or the Advisor in order to comply with applicable disclosure rules, including without limitation, any information that a stockholder of the Company must provide to the Company in order to nominate a director under the Bylaws.

(D) If a vacancy on the Board of Directors arises as a result of the death, disability or retirement, resignation or removal of a Sub-Advisor Nominee and such vacancy results in the number of Sub-Advisor Nominees then serving on the Board of Directors being less than the number that the Sub-Advisor is then entitled to designate for nomination to the Board of Directors, the Sub-Advisor shall be entitled to designate for nomination a Sub-Advisor Nominee to fill such a vacancy subject to approval by the Board of Directors. If a vacancy on the Board of Directors arises as a result of the death, disability or retirement, resignation or removal of an Independent Director and such vacancy results in the number of Independent Directors then serving on the Board of Directors being less than the number that the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are then entitled to jointly designate for nomination to the Board of Directors, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall consult with each other and agree upon an individual to be designated for nomination to serve as an Independent Director to fill such a vacancy, subject to approval by the Board of Directors or the Independent Directors, as required by the Charter.

 

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7.2 Company Officers. Officers of the Company shall be jointly agreed upon by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor, subject to the approval of the Board of Directors. The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall consult with each other and jointly agree upon any officers to be recommended to the Board of Directors, and the Advisor agrees to recommend such officers to the Board of Directors for approval. If an officer jointly recommended by the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor to serve as an officer is not appointed to hold the designated office by the Board of Directors or following appointment by the Board of Directors is no longer retained as such officer of the Company as a result of death, disability, retirement, resignation or removal, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall consult with each other and jointly recommend a replacement for such officer subject to approval by the Board of Directors. The Parties agree that the initial slate of officers of the Company to be submitted to the Board of Directors shall be as follows:

 

Name    Title
Mitchell Sabshon    Chief Executive Officer
Donald MacKinnon    President
Catherine L. Lynch    Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer
Andrew Winer    Chief Investment Officer
Roderick S. Curtis    Vice President and Secretary

7.3 Other Voting of Shares . The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor each agrees that, with respect to any Shares now or hereinafter owned by it, neither will vote or consent on matters submitted to the stockholders of the Company regarding (i) the removal of the Advisor or any Affiliate of the Advisor; (ii) the removal of the Sub-Advisor or any Affiliate of the Sub-Advisor; (iii) any transaction between the Company and the Advisor or any of its Affiliates; or (iv) any transaction between the Company and the Sub-Advisor or any of its Affiliates. This voting restriction shall survive until such time that the Advisor is no longer serving as such.

Article 8

Relationship of Sub-Advisor and Advisor and their Affiliates;

Other Activities of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor

8.1 Relationship . The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor are not partners or joint venturers with each other, and nothing in this Agreement shall be construed to make them such partners or joint venturers. Except as set forth in Section 8.5 , nothing herein contained shall prevent the Advisor or Sub-Advisor from engaging in or earning fees from other activities, including, without limitation, the rendering of advice to other Persons (including other REITs) and the management of other programs advised, sponsored or organized by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, respectively, or any of their Affiliates. This Agreement shall not limit or restrict the right of any manager, director, officer, member, partner, employee or equityholder of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, or their Affiliates, to engage in or earn fees from any other business or to render services of any kind to any other Person. The Sub-Advisor may, with respect to any Investment in which the Company is a participant, also render advice and service to each and every other participant therein, and earn fees for rendering such advice and service. Specifically, it is contemplated that the Company may enter into Joint Ventures or other similar co-investment arrangements with certain Persons, and pursuant to the agreements governing such Joint Ventures or other similar co-investment arrangements, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor may be engaged to provide advice and service to such Persons, in which case, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, will earn fees for rendering such advice and service. Each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall promptly disclose to the Board of Directors the existence of any condition or circumstance, existing or anticipated, of which it has knowledge, that creates or which would reasonably result in a conflict of interest between its obligations to the Company and its obligations to or its interest in any other Persons.

 

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8.2 Time Commitment . The Sub-Advisor shall, and shall cause its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents to, devote such time as shall be reasonably necessary to perform its duties under this Agreement in an appropriate manner consistent with the terms of this Agreement. Each Party acknowledges that the other Party and its Affiliates and their respective employees, officers and agents may also engage in activities unrelated to the Company and may provide services to Persons other than the Company or any of its Affiliates.

8.3 Advisor and Sub-Advisor Meetings . Representatives of the Parties shall meet on a quarterly basis, or, if reasonably requested, more frequently (in person or by phone), to discuss and consult with one another regarding the Company and its assets and opportunities. Additionally, the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall promptly cause their respective principals to meet (in person or by phone) with representatives of each other upon the reasonable request of either Party. The Parties will provide each other information regarding the operations and acquisitions of the Company as reasonably requested by the other. The Advisor shall provide or cause the Dealer Manager to meet with the Sub-Advisor in person and telephonically and to provide to the Sub-Advisor the reports and other information set forth on Appendix B within the time periods set forth therein and such other information as is reasonably requested by the Sub-Advisor. Each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall have direct access to the books and records of the Company and of each attorney, accountant, servicer and other contracting party of the Company.

8.4 Investment Opportunities and Allocation . The Sub-Advisor shall use commercially reasonable efforts to present investment opportunities to the Company that are consistent with the investment policies and objectives of the Company set forth in the Memorandum and the Prospectus and the Investment Guidelines. In the event the Sub-Advisor or any of its Affiliates is seeking investments within the definition of Primary Target Investments for any other Person, the Sub-Advisor shall present to the Advisor and the Board of Directors an allocation policy that fairly allocates investment opportunities to the Company, on the one hand, and to such other Persons, on the other hand, and the Sub-Advisor shall use its best efforts to apply such allocation method fairly to the Company. The allocation policy and any amendments thereto shall be presented in advance and approved by the Advisor and the Board of Directors, including a majority of the Independent Directors. The Sub-Advisor shall report to the Board of Directors, at least quarterly, of the allocation of investments to the Company and other Persons advised or sub-advised by the Sub-Advisor or its Affiliates or for which the Sub-Advisor or any of its Affiliates is seeking investments that are consistent with the Primary Target Investments (the “ Quarterly Co-Investment Transaction Report ”). The Sub-Advisor shall promptly report to the Advisor and the Board of Directors the existence of any condition or circumstance, existing or anticipated of which it has knowledge, which creates or could create a conflict of interest between the Sub-Advisor’s obligations to the Company and the Operating Partnership and its obligations to or its interest in any other Person.

8.5 Mutual Non-Compete. Neither the Sub-Advisor nor any of its Affiliates may provide, or prepare to provide, or assist any other Person to provide, investment management services, and neither the Advisor nor any of its Affiliates (including the Dealer Manager) may provide, or prepare to provide, or assist any other Person to provide, any services (including distribution and marketing services), substantially similar to those contemplated by the Advisory Agreement or the Dealer Manager Agreement, in each case to any entity that (a) would have an investment strategy primarily focused on Primary Target Investments and (b) was capitalized or intended to be capitalized substantially with capital sourced, directly or indirectly, from individual investors through the Channels. For the avoidance of doubt, this provision does not restrict the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor or any of their respective Affiliates (i) with respect to any entity having an investment strategy not primarily focused on investment in Primary Target Investments, irrespective of whether such entity was capitalized or is intended to be capitalized substantially with capital sourced, directly or indirectly, from individual investors through the Channels, including but not limited to entities sponsored by Inland Private Capital Corporation, or (ii) with respect to any assets managed or to be managed on behalf of investors sourced, directly or indirectly, outside of the Channels.

8.6 Offering Documents . The Sub-Advisor will abide by the Memorandum and the Prospectus with respect to the Company’s investment objectives, targeted assets, investment restrictions and borrowing policies set forth in the Memorandum and the Prospectus, except to the extent otherwise expressly directed by the Board of Directors.

8.7 Exclusivity . The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor acknowledge and agree that the Sub-Advisor shall be the sole and exclusive source of Investments for the Company for so long as the Sub-Advisor shall serve in its capacity as sub-advisor under this Agreement; provided that, notwithstanding the foregoing, the Advisor may identify potential opportunities for Investments and present any such Investments to the Sub-Advisor.

 

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Article 9

Use of Names in Marketing Materials

9.1 Sub-Advisor Use of Advisor Names in Marketing Materials. The Advisor and its Affiliates have or may have a proprietary interest in the names “Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC” and “Inland” (together, the “ Inland Names ”). The Sub-Advisor shall not use the Inland Names or any tradename, trademark, trade device, service mark, symbol or any abbreviation thereof of the Advisor or any of its Affiliates, except for any such use in its marketing materials that is approved by the Advisor in writing prior to such use. The Advisor reserves the right to revoke such written approval at any time upon written notice. In addition, any previously approved use shall be deemed revoked upon the Termination Date, at which time the Sub-Advisor will immediately cease such use in its marketing materials.

9.2 Advisor Use of Sub-Advisor Names in Marketing Materials. The Sub-Advisor and its Affiliates have or may have a proprietary interest in the names “Sound Point Capital Management,” “SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC” and “Sound Point” (together, the “ Sound Point Names ”). The Advisor shall not use the Sound Point Names or any tradename, trademark, trade device, service mark, symbol or any abbreviation thereof of the Sub-Advisor or any of its Affiliates, except for any such use in its marketing materials that is approved by the Sub-Advisor in writing prior to such use. The Sub-Advisor reserves the right to revoke such written approval at any time upon written notice. In addition, any previously approved use shall be deemed revoked upon the Termination Date, at which time the Advisor will immediately cease such use in its marketing materials.

Article 10

Other Agreements

10.1 Amendments to Advisory Agreement . The Advisor agrees to inform and make the Sub-Advisor a participant in all negotiations between the Advisor and the Company regarding any proposed amendment of the Advisory Agreement.

10.2 Initial Capital Contributions . Each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor shall purchase $1.0 million and $3.0 million, respectively, in Class P Shares at a price of $25.00 per share prior to or simultaneously with the acceptance of any subscription from any third party investor in the Private Placement. The Advisor and Sub-Advisor agree that, for so long as such Party or its Affiliate serves as the advisor or the sub-advisor to the Company, respectively, its investment in the Class P Shares will be subject to the following: (a) such Class P Shares will not be eligible for repurchase until the fifth anniversary of the purchase date and (b) repurchase requests made for such Class P Shares will only be accepted (i) on the last business day of a calendar quarter, (ii) after all repurchase requests from all other stockholders for such quarter have been accepted and (iii) to the extent that such repurchases do not cause total repurchases to exceed that quarter’s repurchase cap.

10.3 Sub-Advisor Personnel . The compensation and other expenses of all personnel of the Sub-Advisor, when and to the extent engaged in providing services and assistance hereunder, shall be provided and paid for by the Sub-Advisor.

10.4 Cyber-Security and Business Continuity . The Sub-Advisor shall maintain (i) business continuity and disaster recovery and backup capabilities and (ii) policies and procedures reasonably designed to detect, prevent and respond to cyber-attacks. The Sub-Advisor shall promptly notify the Advisor of any cyber-security breach which could reasonably be expected to affect the Company or the ability of the Sub-Advisor to perform its duties and other obligations under this Agreement.

10.5 Confidentiality . Each Party (the “ Receiving Party ”) acknowledges and agrees that it will have access to confidential and proprietary information and materials concerning or pertaining to the Company and the other Party. The Receiving Party, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates shall, and shall cause its and its Affiliates’ partners, managers, officers, employees, representatives and agents, to hold such information in the strictest confidence and to not use, copy, or divulge to third parties or otherwise use, except in accordance with the terms of this Agreement (or in the case of the Advisor, the Advisory Agreement) in furtherance of its duties and obligations hereunder (and thereunder), any information obtained from or through the Company or the disclosing Party; provided that this

 

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covenant shall not apply to information (i) which is in the public domain now or when it becomes in the public domain in the future, other than by reason of a breach of this Agreement, (ii) which has come to the Receiving Party from a lawful source not bound to maintain the confidentiality of such information, or (iii) disclosures which are required by law, regulatory authority, regulation or legal process so long as the Receiving Party provides prompt written notice in advance of such disclosures (to the extent permitted by applicable law and practical under the circumstances) in order to allow the Company or the disclosing Party, as the case may be, the opportunity to seek (at the such party’s expense) a protective order or other appropriate remedy (and if such protective order or similar remedy is obtained no such disclosure shall be made to the extent no longer required as a result of such protective order or similar remedy).

Article 11

Representations, Warranties, and Agreements

11.1 Mutual Representations and Warranties . The Advisor and the Sub-Advisor each hereby represents and warrants to, and agrees with, the other as follows:

(A) Such Party is duly formed and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization;

(B) Such Party has full power and authority to enter into this Agreement and to conduct its business to the extent contemplated in this Agreement;

(C) This Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by such Party and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery by the other Party, constitutes the valid and legally binding agreement of such Party, enforceable in accordance with its terms against such Party, except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium and other similar laws relating to creditors’ rights generally, and by general equitable principles.

(D) The execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Party and the performance of its duties and obligations hereunder do not result in a breach of any of the terms, conditions or provisions of, or constitute a default under, any indenture, mortgage, deed of trust, credit agreement, note or other evidence of indebtedness, or any lease or other agreement, or any license, permit, franchise or certificate to which such Party is a party or by which it is bound or to which its assets are subject or require any authorization or approval under or pursuant to any of the foregoing, or violate any statute, regulation, law, order, writ, injunction, judgment or decree to which such Party is subject;

(E) Such Party is not aware of any facts pertaining to such Party or its Affiliates that would cause such Party, or any of such Party’s Affiliates, to be unable to discharge timely the obligations of such Party or its Affiliates under this Agreement or the obligations of the Company under any agreement to which any of them is a party;

(F) To the knowledge of such Party, no consent, approval or authorization of, or filing, registration or qualification with, any court or governmental authority on the part of such Party is required for the execution and delivery of this Agreement by such Party and the performance of its obligations and duties hereunder and such execution, delivery and performance shall not violate any other agreement to which such Party is bound;

(G) The Party is not acting as the representative or agent or in any other capacity, fiduciary or otherwise, on behalf of another Person in connection with the Company or the other matters referred to in this Agreement. Such Party is aware that the other Party and/or Affiliates of such other Party now and in the future shall be, and in the past have been, engaged in businesses which are competitive with that of the Company. Each of the Parties hereby acknowledges and agrees that the Parties’ obligations with respect to all future activities which are in competition with the Company are as set forth in Article 8 hereof;

 

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(H) No Party is required to cause the controlling persons of such Party to devote any specific portion of their time to Company business other than as necessary to fulfill such Parties’ obligations under this Agreement and the Advisory Agreement, as the case may be, and such controlling persons are expected to spend substantial amounts of their time on activities that are unrelated to the Company;

(I) Such Party understands that the other Party is relying on the accuracy of the representations set forth in this Article 11 in entering into this Agreement;

(J) Such Party has not granted to any third party rights that would be inconsistent with the rights granted to the other Party by this Agreement;

(K) Such Party has all requisite licenses to do and perform all acts and receive all fees as contemplated by this Agreement and the Advisory Agreement; and

(L) None of its principals has been convicted of any felony, or convicted of any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude (including fraud), or entered a plea of nolo contendere in connection with any felony or any such misdemeanor.

11.2 Modification and Waiver . The Advisor covenants and agrees with the Sub-Advisor that without the prior written consent of the Sub-Advisor, the Advisor and its Affiliates shall not:

(A) agree to any amendment to, modification of, or waiver of their rights or obligations under the Advisory Agreement which modifies the fees and reimbursements payable pursuant to the Advisory Agreement or this Agreement, reduces the indemnification of the Sub-Advisor and its Affiliates by the Company, modifies the definitions of capitalized terms contained in the Advisory Agreement which are used to define capitalized terms in this Agreement, or otherwise modifies the Advisory Agreement in a manner that is reasonably likely to materially adversely impact the rights or obligations of the Sub-Advisor pursuant to this Agreement; provided, that, with respect to this Section 11.2 , the Sub-Advisor and its Affiliates shall agree to any amendment to the Advisory Agreement or this Agreement necessary to comply with the comments of any of the Securities and Exchange Commission, state securities commissions or the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority; or

(B) recommend or agree to nonpayment of or a deferral, waiver or other delay in the payment of the fees, reimbursements or any other compensation payable pursuant to the Advisory Agreement or this Agreement; or

(C) elect to receive any fees payable under the Advisory Agreement in Shares.

Article 12

Term and Termination of the Agreement

12.1 Term . The initial term of this Agreement shall begin on the Effective Date and end on the first anniversary of the effective date of the Registration Statement for the Initial Public Offering and, thereafter, shall be automatically renewed for an unlimited number of successive one-year terms upon renewal of the Advisory Agreement, unless terminated pursuant to Section 12.2 .

12.2 Termination . The Parties may terminate this Agreement as provided in this Section 12.2 . The date upon which this Agreement is terminated is referred to herein as the “ Termination Date ”).

(A) Termination without Cause or without Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason. This Agreement may be terminated without Cause or without Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason (as defined below), as applicable:

 

  (1) by the Advisor upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice by the Advisor to the Sub-Advisor with approval of a majority of the Independent Directors; or

 

  (2) by the Sub-Advisor upon ninety (90) days’ prior written notice by the Sub-Advisor to the Advisor.

 

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(B) Termination by the Advisor for Cause. This Agreement may be terminated upon written notice by the Advisor, with approval of a majority of the Independent Directors, for Cause.

(C) Termination by the Sub-Advisor for Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason. This Agreement may be terminated upon written notice by the Sub-Advisor upon the occurrence of any of the following, which for the purposes of this Section 12.2(C) , shall constitute “ Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason ”:

 

  (1) the material breach of this Agreement by the Advisor; provided, however, that the Advisor shall have thirty (30) calendar days after the receipt of notice of such breach (or at such later time as may be stated in the notice) from the Sub-Advisor to cure such breach;

 

  (2) any fraud, criminal conduct or willful misconduct by the Advisor or any Affiliate thereof in any action or failure to act undertaken by such Person pertaining to or having a materially detrimental effect upon the ability of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor to perform their respective duties hereunder;

 

  (3) if the Advisor (a) commences a voluntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, (b) consents to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, (c) consents to the appointment of or taking possession by a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator (or similar official) for the Advisor or for any substantial part of its property, or (d) makes any general assignment for the benefit of creditors under applicable state law;

 

  (4) if: (a) an involuntary case under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect has been commenced against the Advisor, and such case has not been dismissed within sixty (60) days after the commencement thereof; or (b) a receiver, liquidator, assignee, custodian, trustee, sequestrator (or similar official) has been appointed for the Advisor or has taken possession of the Advisor or any substantial part of its property, and such appointment has not been rescinded or such possession has not been relinquished within sixty (60) days after the occurrence thereof;

 

  (5) if during the period starting on the Effective Date and ending on the date when the Board of Directors terminates an Offering and no additional Offerings are on-going or contemplated in the future, the Dealer Manager and its controlled subsidiaries: (a) fail to use their commercially reasonable efforts to market and distribute the Shares, or (b) fail to employ 12 or more external wholesalers on a full-time basis during any period of 90 consecutive calendar days; provided, however , that such 90-day period shall be extended for one additional 30-day period to the extent the Dealer Manager is making good faith efforts to cure such failure by attempting to hire additional external wholesalers;

 

  (6) if during the period starting on the Effective Date and ending on the second anniversary of the Effective Date, the Dealer Manager and any Affiliate of Inland are actively marketing the securities of more than four Selected Funds;

 

  (7) if during the period starting on the second anniversary of the Effective Date and ending on the fourth anniversary of the Effective Date, the Dealer Manager and any Affiliate of Inland are actively marketing the securities of more than six Selected Funds;

 

  (8) if the board of directors of any Inland-sponsored Selected Fund terminates such Selected Fund’s advisory agreement (or agreement with a similar function), or does not renew it, other than in connection with an internalization or liquidity event, and such termination or non-renewal is followed by cancellation, or suspension for more than 90 consecutive days, of the selling agreements between three or more soliciting dealers and the Dealer Manager, representing in the aggregate the lesser of (i) 7,500 financial advisors or (ii) 25% of the aggregate number of financial advisors selling the Company’s shares, so long as such cancellation or suspension is not due substantially to the Sub-Advisor’s acts or performance. For purposes of this subsection 12.2(C)(8), Affiliated soliciting dealers shall be counted collectively as one soliciting dealer; or

 

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  (9) if a broker-dealer participating in the distribution of the Company’s securities terminates its selling agreement with the Dealer Manager and executes a selling agreement with a different Inland-sponsored program within 90 days of such termination, so long as such termination is not substantially due to the Sub-Advisor’s acts or performance.

(D) Termination of Advisory Agreement. This Agreement shall automatically terminate in the event of the termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement.

12.3 Survival Upon Termination . Notwithstanding anything else that may be to the contrary herein, the expiration or earlier termination of this Agreement shall not relieve a party for liability for any breach occurring prior to such expiration or earlier termination. The provisions of Sections 7.3 and 10.5 and Articles 9, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 (and to the extent applicable in connection therewith, the definitions in Article 1 ) shall survive termination of this Agreement.

12.4 Payments on Termination; Survival of Certain Rights and Obligations; Additional Obligations Upon Termination .

(A) After the Termination Date, the Sub-Advisor shall not be entitled to compensation for further services hereunder except it shall be entitled to receive from the Advisor within thirty (30) days after the effective date of such termination all unpaid reimbursements of expenses and all earned but unpaid fees payable to the Sub-Advisor prior to termination of this agreement, subject to the 2%/25% Guidelines to the extent applicable, subject to receiving a demand for payment and an accounting from the Sub-Advisor.

(B) The Sub-Advisor shall promptly upon termination:

 

  (1) pay over to the Advisor or the Company as the case may be, all money collected and held for the account of such party pursuant to the Agreement, if any, after deducting any accrued compensation and reimbursement for its expenses to which it is then entitled;

 

  (2) deliver to the Advisor, or if the Advisor has been terminated, to the Board of Directors, a full accounting including a statement showing all payments collected by it and a statement of all money held by it, covering the period following the date of the last accounting furnished to the Advisor;

 

  (3) deliver to the Advisor, or if the Advisor has been terminated, to the Board of Directors, all assets (including without limitation all Investments) and documents of the Company then in the custody of the Sub-Advisor; and

 

  (4) cooperate with the Advisor and the Company to provide an orderly transition of advisory functions, including, if requested by the Advisor, identification of potential replacement sub-advisors.

(C) If this Agreement is terminated pursuant to Section 12.2(A)(1) , the Advisor agrees that it shall terminate the Advisory Agreement and not provide any additional services to the Company, any Affiliate of the Company or any successor thereto for a period of two years; provided the Advisor may provide transition services as required by the Advisory Agreement.

(D) Except in the case of a termination or non-renewal of the Advisory Agreement and there has occurred an Advisor Cause Event, if the Advisory Agreement is terminated by Company upon the determination of a majority of the Independent Directors or not renewed, the Sub-Advisor acknowledges that this Agreement shall terminate and agrees that the Sub-Advisor shall not provide any additional services to the Company, any Affiliate of the Company or any successor thereto for a period of two years; provided the Sub-Advisor may provide transition services as required by this Agreement.

 

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12.5 Non-Competition. Other than in the event that (i) the Advisor terminates the Agreement as provided in Section 12.2(A)(1) , (ii) the Advisor terminates the Agreement as provided in Section 12.2(B) on the basis of clause (ii)(D) in the definition of Cause in Article 1 , (iii) the Sub-Advisor terminates the Agreement with Sub-Advisor’s Good Reason as provided in Section 12.2(C) or (iv) the Agreement is automatically terminated as provided in Section 12.2(D) , the Sub-Advisor, for a period of one year from the Termination Date, shall not provide investment management services substantially similar to those contemplated by the Advisory Agreement, in each case to any entity that (i) would have an investment strategy primarily focused on investment in Primary Target Investments and (ii) was capitalized or intended to be capitalized substantially with capital sourced, directly or indirectly, from individual investors through the Channels. For the avoidance of doubt, this provision does not restrict Sub-Advisor (1) with respect to any entity having an investment strategy not primarily focused on investment in Primary Target Investments, irrespective of whether such entity was capitalized or is intended to be capitalized substantially with capital sourced, directly or indirectly, from individual investors through the Channels, or (2) with respect to any assets managed or to be managed on behalf of investors outside of the Channels. The Sub-Advisor acknowledges and agrees that the restrictions contained in this Section 12.5 are reasonable and necessary to protect the legitimate interests of the Advisor and the Company and constitute a material inducement of the Advisor to enter into this Agreement. If the Sub-Advisor breaches, or threatens to commit a breach of, this Section 12.5, the Advisor shall have the right, in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other rights and remedies available to it, to have this provision specifically enforced by any court having competent jurisdiction (without any requirement to post a bond), it being acknowledged and agreed that any such breach or threatened breach will cause irreparable injury.

Article 13

Assignment

This Agreement shall not be assigned by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor without the consent of the other Party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be assigned by the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable, to an Affiliate with the consent of the other Party, such consent not to be unreasonably withheld or delayed, provided that such Affiliate remains at all times thereafter an Affiliate of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as applicable.

Article 14

Indemnification

The Sub-Advisor and Advisor, as applicable, shall indemnify and hold harmless, in the case of the Sub-Advisor, the Advisor, and in the case of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, including each of their respective Affiliates, officers, directors, equity holders, partners, members and employees, from contract or other liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses including reasonable attorneys’ fees, to the extent that such liability, claims, damages, taxes or losses and related expenses are not fully reimbursed by insurance and are incurred by reason of the Sub-Advisor’s or the Advisor’s, as applicable, bad faith, fraud, misfeasance, intentional misconduct, gross negligence or reckless disregard of its duties. Except as expressly provided in this Article 14 , the Advisor shall have no other obligation to indemnify the Sub-Advisor, and the Sub-Advisor shall not look to the Advisor to enforce any right to indemnification that the Sub-Advisor may have against the Company pursuant to any other agreement.

Article 15

Non-Solicitation

During the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending one year following the Termination Date, the Advisor and its respective Affiliates shall not, without the Sub-Advisor’s prior written consent, and the Sub-Advisor and its Affiliates shall not, without the Advisor’s prior written consent, directly or indirectly; (i) solicit or encourage any person to leave the employment or other service of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor, or their respective Affiliates, as the case may be; or (ii) hire, on behalf of the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor, as the case may be, or any other person or entity, any person who has left the employment within the one year period following the

 

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termination of that person’s employment with the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective Affiliates, as the case may be. During the period commencing on the date hereof through and ending one year following the Termination Date, neither the Advisor nor the Sub-Advisor will, whether for its own account or for the account of any other Person, intentionally interfere with the relationship of the Advisor, the Sub-Advisor or their respective Affiliates, as the case may be, with, or endeavor to entice away from any such party or its Affiliates, any person who during the term of the Agreement is, or during the preceding one-year period, was a tenant, co-investor, codeveloper, joint venturer or other customer of any such party or its Affiliates. Each of the Advisor and the Sub-Advisor acknowledges and agrees that the restrictions contained in this Article 15 are reasonable and necessary to protect their respective legitimate interests and constitute a material inducement of each to enter into this Agreement. If either Party breaches, or threatens to commit a breach of, this Article 15 , the other Party shall have the right, in addition to, and not in lieu of, any other rights and remedies available to such other Party, to have such provision specifically enforced by any court having competent jurisdiction (without any requirement to post a bond), it being acknowledged and agreed that any such breach or threatened breach will cause irreparable injury.

Article 16

Miscellaneous

16.1 Notices . All notices, requests or demands to be given under this Agreement from one Party to the other (collectively, “ Notices ” and individually a “ Notice ”) shall be in writing and shall be given by personal delivery, or by overnight courier service for next Business Day delivery at the other Party’s address set forth below, or by telecopy transmission at the other party’s facsimile telephone number set forth below. Notices given by personal delivery (i.e., by the sending Party or a messenger) shall be deemed given on the date of delivery. Notices given by overnight courier service shall be deemed given upon deposit with the overnight courier service and Notices given by telecopy transmission shall be deemed given on the date of transmission provided such transmission is completed by 5:00 p.m. (sending Party’s local time) on a Business Day, otherwise delivery by transmission shall be deemed to occur on the next succeeding Business Day. If any Party’s address is a business, receipt, or the refusal to accept delivery, by a receptionist or by any Person in the employ of such Party, shall be deemed actual receipt by the Party of Notices. Notices may be issued by an attorney for a Party and in such case such Notices shall be deemed given by such Party. The Parties’ addresses are as follows:

If to the Advisor:

Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC

2901 Butterfield Road

Oak Brook, IL 60523

Facsimile: (630) 218-4900

Attention: Cathleen Hrtanek

If to the Sub-Advisor:

SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC

375 Park Avenue, 25 th Floor

New York, NY 10152

Facsimile: (917) 591-5903

Attention: Brian Feldman

Either Party may at any time give Notice in writing to the other Party of a change in its address for the purposes of this Section 16.1 . Each Notice shall be deemed given and effective upon receipt (or refusal of receipt).

16.2 Modification . This Agreement shall not be amended, supplemented, changed, modified, terminated or discharged, in whole or in part, except by an instrument in writing signed by both Parties hereto, or their respective successors or permitted assigns.

16.3 Severability . The provisions of this Agreement are independent of and severable from each other, and no provision shall be affected or rendered invalid or unenforceable by virtue of the fact that for any reason any other or others of them may be invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part.

 

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16.4 Construction . The provisions of this Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of New York as at the time in effect, without regard to the principles of conflicts of laws thereof.

16.5 Entire Agreement . This Agreement contains the entire agreement and understanding between the Parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof, and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, understandings, inducements and conditions, express or implied, oral or written, of any nature whatsoever with respect to the subject matter hereof. The express terms hereof control and supersede any course of performance and/or usage of the trade inconsistent with any of the terms hereof.

16.6 Waiver . Neither the failure nor any delay on the part of a Party to exercise any right, remedy, power or privilege under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right, remedy, power or privilege preclude any other or further exercise of the same or of any other right, remedy, power or privilege, nor shall any waiver of any right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any occurrence be construed as a waiver of such right, remedy, power or privilege with respect to any other occurrence. No waiver shall be effective unless it is in writing and is signed by the Party asserted to have granted such waiver.

16.7 Third Party Beneficiary . Except for those Persons entitled to indemnification under Article 14 , who shall be third-party beneficiaries of this Agreement, no other Person is a third party beneficiary of this Agreement.

16.8 Gender. Words used herein regardless of the number and gender specifically used, shall be deemed and construed to include any other number singular or plural, and any other gender, masculine, feminine or neuter, as the context requires.

16.9 Titles Not to Affect Interpretation . The titles of Articles and Sections contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and they neither form a part of this Agreement nor are they to be used in the construction or interpretation hereof.

16.10 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed with counterpart signature pages or in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original as against any Party whose signature appears thereon, and all of which shall together constitute one and the same instrument. This Agreement shall become binding when one or more counterpart signature pages or counterparts hereof, individually or taken together, shall bear the signatures of all of the Parties reflected hereon as the signatories.

16.11 Fiduciary Relationship to the Company and to the Company’s Stockholders . The Sub-Advisor, on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, acknowledges that the Sub-Advisor has a fiduciary relationship to the Company and its Stockholders and the Operating Partnership and its partners.

[The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank - Signature page follows.]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Parties hereto have executed this Sub-Advisory Agreement as of the date and year first above written.

 

Inland InPoint Advisor, LLC
By:   /s/ Mitchell A. Sabshon
Name:   Mitchell A. Sabshon
Title:   Chief Executive Officer
SPCRE InPoint Advisors, LLC
By:  

Sound Point CRE Management, LP,

its sole member

By:   /s/ Donald MacKinnon
Name:   Donald MacKinnon
Title:   Portfolio Manager

[Signature Page to Sub-Advisory Agreement]


Appendix A

ADVISORY AGREEMENT

 

A-1


Appendix B

ADVISOR ACTIONS

The Advisor shall provide or cause the Dealer Manager to provide to the Sub-Advisor the following:

 

    Bi-weekly meeting or call with the Dealer Manager’s head of national accounts (this can be moved to monthly once the Company has raised at least $500 million in Offering proceeds). Topics to be discussed include the following:

 

    progress with selling agreements

 

    feedback from target broker-dealers

 

    momentum with non-traditional non-listed REIT buyers (i.e. wire house, regional firms)

 

    travel requests for Sub-Advisor’s portfolio manager and/or senior management

 

    Monthly report showing monthly meeting count from the external sales force where the Company is discussed

 

    Monthly report showing monthly call count from the internal sale desk where the Company is discussed

 

    Monthly conference calls with the broad sales organization (national accounts and internal/external) where the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio managers discuss market conditions and portfolio updates (this can moved to quarterly once the Company has raised at least $500 million in Offering proceeds)

 

    Quarterly conference calls with each individual external sales person. Topics to be discussed including the following:

 

    travel schedules with the Sub-Advisor’s portfolio manager and new business personnel

 

    where the Sub-Advisor can be more helpful/proactive with sales efforts

 

    feedback from advisors/brokers regarding the Company, its fee structure, and other features of the Offering

 

    Quarterly visits by the Sub-Advisor to the Advisor’s offices to meet with sales management and shadow/present to internal sales

 

B-1

Exhibit 10.3

INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR RESTRICTED SHARE PLAN

OF

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.

SECTION 1. PURPOSE OF THE PLAN AND DEFINITIONS

1.1 Purpose . The purpose of the Independent Director Restricted Share Plan (this “ Plan ”) of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc. (the “ Company ”) is to increase the interest of Independent Directors in the Company’s welfare through their participation in the growth in value of the Shares (as defined below). To accomplish this purpose, this Plan provides a means whereby Independent Directors may receive Awards.

1.2 Definitions . For purposes of this Plan, the following terms have the following meanings:

Advisor ” means any entity appointed or contracted with by the Company to be responsible for directing or performing the day-to-day business affairs of the Company.

Affiliate ” means, with respect to any other Person: (i) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, ten percent (10.0%) or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person; (ii) any Person ten percent (10.0%) or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person; (iii) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person; (iv) any executive officer, director, trustee, general partner or manager of such other Person; and (v) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee, general partner or manager.

Applicable Laws ” means the requirements relating to the administration of Awards under state corporation laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Shares are listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction where Awards are, or will be, granted under this Plan.

Award ” means any award of Restricted Shares or Restricted Share Units under this Plan.

Award Agreement ” means, with respect to each Award, the written agreement executed by the Company and the Participant or other written document approved by the Board setting forth the terms and conditions of the Award.

Board ” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

Bylaws ” means the bylaws of the Company, as amended or restated from time to time.

Charter ” means the charter of the Company, as amended or restated from time to time.

Code ” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.

Company ” means InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

Director ” means a person elected or appointed and serving as a member of the Board in accordance with the Charter and the Maryland General Corporation Law.

Effective Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 14 .

Equity Stock ” means all classes or series of stock of the Company authorized under the Charter, including, without limit, its common stock, $.001 par value per share, and preferred stock, $.001 par value per share.


Fair Market Value ” means with respect to Shares:

(i) If the Shares are listed on any established stock exchange or a national market system, their Fair Market Value shall be the closing sales price for the Shares, or the mean between the high bid and low asked prices if no sales were reported, as quoted on such system or exchange (or, if the Shares are listed on more than one exchange, then on the largest such exchange) for the date the value is to be determined (or if there are no sales or bids for such date, then for the last preceding business day on which there were sales or bids), as reported in The Wall Street Journal .

(ii) If the Shares are not listed, their Fair Market Value shall be: (A) the offering price, net of sales commissions, the dealer manager fee and organization and offering expenses, if the Shares are granted before the Company begins calculating the estimated value per share, and (B) the estimated per share value of the Shares as determined in good faith by the Board once the Company begins to estimate value per share.

Grant Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(c) .

Independent Director ” means a person who is a Director, but who is not also an employee or officer of the Company, the Advisor or the Sub-Advisor.

Independent Director Award Grant Date ” shall have the meaning set forth in Section 6.1 .

Independent Director Shares ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3 .

Liquidity Event ” means a Listing or any merger, reorganization, business combination, share exchange or acquisition by any Person or related group of Persons of beneficial ownership of all or substantially all of the Shares in one or more related transactions, or another similar transaction involving the Company, pursuant to which the Stockholders receive cash or the securities of another issuer that are listed on a national securities exchange, as full or partial consideration for their Shares.

Listing ” means, in the aggregate, the filing of a Form 8-A (or any successor form) with the Securities and Exchange Commission to register any or all Shares, or the shares of common stock of any of the Company’s subsidiaries, on a national securities exchange or a national market system, the approval of the original listing application related thereto by the applicable exchange and the commencement of trading in the Shares, or the shares of common stock of any of the Company’s subsidiaries, on the exchange. Upon a Listing, the Shares, or the shares of common stock of the Company’s subsidiaries, shall be deemed “Listed.” A Listing shall also be deemed to occur on the effective date of a merger in which the consideration received by the holders of the Shares is securities of another issuer that are listed on a national securities exchange or a national market system; provided , however , that if the merger is effectuated through a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, a Listing will not occur until the consideration received by the Company shall be distributed to the holders of the Shares.

Participant ” means an Independent Director who is granted an Award.

Person ” means any individual, corporation, business trust, estate, trust, partnership, limited liability company, association, two or more persons having a joint or common interest or other legal or commercial entity.

Plan ” means this Independent Director Restricted Share Plan.

Restricted Period ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(e) .

Restricted Shares ” means an Award granted under Section 5.2 .

“Restricted Share Unit ” means an Award granted under Section 5.3 .

Retainer ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.3 .

 

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Section 409A of the Code ” means the nonqualified deferred compensation rules under Section 409A of the Code and any applicable Treasury regulation or other official guidance promulgated thereunder.

Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time.

Shares ” means the shares of Class P common stock, $.001 par value per share, of the Company, and “Share” means one of those Shares.

Stockholders ” means the holders of shares of the Company’s common stock, $.001 par value per share, or any other Equity Stock having the right to elect Directors.

Sub-Advisor ” means any entity appointed or contracted with by the Advisor to be responsible for directing or performing certain day-to-day business affairs of the Company on behalf of the Advisor.

Termination ” means that a Participant has ceased, for any reason, to be an Independent Director of the Company.

SECTION 2. ELIGIBLE PERSONS

Every Independent Director shall be eligible to receive Awards hereunder as determined by the Board in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Plan.

SECTION 3. SHARES SUBJECT TO THIS PLAN

The total number of Shares that may be issued pursuant to Awards shall be 5% of all outstanding Shares. The maximum aggregate number of Shares associated with any Award granted under the Plan in any calendar year to any one Independent Director shall be 800 Shares, excluding any Independent Director Shares which comprise part of the Retainer described in Section 6.3 . The number of Shares authorized and reserved for issuance under this Plan is subject to adjustment in accordance with the provisions for adjustment in Section 5.1 . If any Shares awarded under this Plan are forfeited for any reason, the number of forfeited Shares shall again be available for purposes of granting Awards under this Plan.

SECTION 4. ADMINISTRATION

4.1 Administration . This Plan shall be administered by the Board. Any determinations made and actions taken by the Board with respect to this Plan other than with respect to the granting and setting the terms and conditions of any Awards under this Plan, shall be made by a majority of its members. Other than for Awards granted to Independent Directors under Section 6 , any determination made and actions taken by the board with respect to the granting and setting of the terms and conditions of any Awards under this Plan shall require the approval of at least 75% of its members.

4.2 Board’s Powers . Subject to the express provisions of this Plan, the Board shall have the authority, in its sole discretion:

(a) to adopt, amend and rescind administrative and interpretive rules and regulations relating to this Plan;

(b) to determine the number of Shares that shall be the subject of each Award;

(c) to determine the terms and provisions of each Award (which need not be identical) and, subject to Section 9 , any amendments thereto, including provisions defining or otherwise relating to:

(i) the extent to which the transferability of Shares issued or transferred pursuant to any Award is restricted;

 

3


(ii) the effect of Termination on an Award; and

(iii) how to construe the respective Award Agreements and this Plan.

(d) to determine the Fair Market Value of Shares;

(e) to waive any provision, condition or limitation set forth in an Award Agreement;

(f) to delegate its duties under this Plan to such agents as it may appoint from time to time; and

(g) to make all other determinations, perform all other acts and exercise all other powers and authority necessary or advisable for administering this Plan, including the delegation of those ministerial acts and responsibilities as the Board deems appropriate.

The Board, in its sole discretion, may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in this Plan, in any Award or in any Award Agreement in the manner and to the extent it deems necessary or desirable to implement this Plan. The determinations of the Board on the matters referred to in this Section 4.2 shall be final and conclusive.

4.3 Term of Plan . No Awards shall be granted under this Plan after 10 years from the Effective Date of this Plan.

SECTION 5. CERTAIN TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF AWARDS

5.1 All Awards . All Awards shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

(a) Changes in Capital Structure . If the number of outstanding Shares is increased by means of a stock dividend payable in Shares, a stock split or other subdivision or a reclassification of Shares, then, from and after the record date for such dividend, split, subdivision or reclassification, the number and class of Shares subject to this Plan shall be increased or adjusted, as applicable, in proportion to such increase in outstanding Shares. If the number of outstanding Shares is decreased by means of a reverse stock split or other combination or a reclassification of Shares, then, from and after the record date for such reverse split, combination or reclassification, the number and class of Shares subject to this Plan shall be decreased or adjusted, as applicable, in proportion to such decrease in outstanding Shares.

(b) Certain Corporate Transactions . In the event of any change in the capital structure or business of the Company by reason of any recapitalization, reorganization, merger, consolidation, split-up, subdivision, combination, exchange of Shares or any similar change affecting the Company’s capital structure or business, then the aggregate number and kind of Shares which thereafter may be issued under this Plan shall be appropriately adjusted consistent with such change in such manner as the Board may deem equitable to prevent substantial dilution or enlargement of the rights granted to, or available for, Participants under this Plan, and any such adjustment determined by the Board in good faith shall be binding and conclusive on the Company and all Participants and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns.

(c) Grant Date . Each Award Agreement shall specify the date of issuance of the Award (the “ Grant Date ”).

(d) Vesting . Each Award shall vest, and any restrictions thereunder shall lapse, as the case may be, at such times and in such amounts as may be specified by the Board in the applicable Award Agreement.

(e) Nonassignability of Rights . Awards shall not be transferable during the period or periods set by the Board (the “ Restricted Period ”) commencing on the Grant Date of such Award, as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.

 

4


(f) Termination from the Company . The Board shall establish, in respect of each Award when granted, the effect of a Termination on the rights and benefits thereunder and in so doing may, but need not, make distinctions based upon the cause of Termination (such as retirement, death, disability or other factors) or which party effected the Termination.

(g) Minimum Purchase Price . Notwithstanding any provision of this Plan to the contrary, if authorized but previously unissued Shares are issued under this Plan, such Shares shall not be issued for a consideration which is less than as permitted under Applicable Laws, and in no event shall such consideration be less than the par value per Share multiplied by the number of Shares to be issued.

(h) Other Provisions . Each Award Agreement may contain such other terms, provisions, legends and conditions not inconsistent with this Plan, as may be determined by the Board.

5.2 Restricted Shares . Restricted Shares shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

(a) Grant . The Board may grant one or more Awards of Restricted Shares to any Participant. Each Award of Restricted Shares shall specify the number of Shares to be issued to the Participant, the Grant Date and the restrictions imposed on the Shares including the conditions of release or lapse of such restrictions. Upon the issuance of Restricted Shares, the Participant may be required to furnish such additional documentation or other assurances as the Board may require to enforce the restrictions applicable thereto.

(b) Restrictions . Except as specifically provided elsewhere in this Plan or the applicable Award Agreement, Restricted Shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of or encumbered, either voluntarily or involuntarily, until the restrictions have lapsed and the rights to the Shares have vested. The Board may in its sole discretion provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions, in whole or in part, based on service, performance or such other factors or criteria as the Board may determine.

(c) Rights as a Stockholder . Except as provided in this Section 5 and as otherwise determined by the Board, the Participant shall have, with respect to Restricted Shares, all of the rights of a holder of Shares including, without limitation, the right to receive any dividends, the right to vote such Shares and, subject to and conditioned upon the full vesting of shares of the Restricted Shares, the right to tender such Shares. The Board may, in its sole discretion, determine at the time of grant that the payment of dividends or distributions shall be deferred until, and conditioned upon, the expiration of the applicable Restricted Period.

(d) Forfeiture of Restricted Shares . Except to the extent otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, upon a Participant’s Termination, the Participant shall automatically forfeit all Restricted Shares still subject to restriction.

5.3 Restricted Share Units . Restricted Share Units shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

(a) Grant . The Board may grant one or more Awards of Restricted Share Units to any Participant. Each Award of Restricted Share Units represents a bookkeeping entry representing a right granted to a Participant under this Section 5.3 to receive one Share, a cash payment equal to the Fair Market Value of one Share, or a combination thereof, as determined in the sole discretion of the Board. The applicable Award Agreement shall specify the number of Awards to be granted to the Participant, the Grant Date and the restrictions imposed on the Restricted Share Units including the conditions of release, vesting and/or the lapse of such restrictions, and terms relating to settlement of Awards.

(b) Restrictions . Except as specifically provided elsewhere in this Plan or the applicable Award Agreement, Restricted Share Units may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of or encumbered, either voluntarily or involuntarily, until the restrictions have lapsed and the rights to the Shares (or cash, as applicable) have vested. Furthermore, a Participant’s right, if any, to receive cash or Shares upon termination of the Restricted Period may not be assigned or transferred except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. The Board may in its sole discretion provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions, in whole or in part, based on service, performance or such other factors or criteria as the Board may determine.

 

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(c) Rights as a Stockholder . Holders of Restricted Share Units shall have none of the rights of a Stockholder with respect to such Restricted Share Units, or any Shares underlying any Award of Restricted Share Units. Holders of Restricted Share Units are not entitled to receive distribution of rights in respect of such Shares, or to vote such Shares as the record owner thereof; provided, however, that unless otherwise determined by the Board, (i) during the Restricted Period, Participants will be credited with dividend equivalents equal in value to those declared and paid on Shares, on all Restricted Share Units granted to them, (ii) these dividend equivalents will be regarded as having been reinvested in Restricted Share Units on the date of the Share dividend payments based on the then Fair Market Value of the Shares thereby increasing the number of Restricted Share Units held by a Participant, and (iii) such dividend equivalents will be paid only to the extent the underlying Awards vest.

(d) Forfeiture of Restricted Share Units . Except to the extent otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, upon a Participant’s Termination, the Participant shall automatically forfeit all Restricted Share Units still subject to restriction.

(e) Payment of Restricted Share Units . The payment of Restricted Share Units shall be made in Shares, unless otherwise determined by the Board. The payment of Restricted Share Units shall be made as soon as practicable after vesting (but in any event within two-and-one-half (2.5) months following the calendar year in which vesting occurs), except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement and unless payment is deferred pursuant to a timely election permitted by the Board in compliance with Section 409A of the Code.

SECTION 6. AUTOMATIC INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR SHARE GRANTS

6.1 Automatic Grant . Without further action of the Board and except as otherwise determined by election of the Board and/or an Independent Director in accordance with a non-qualified deferred compensation program that complies with Section 409A of the Code, each Independent Director shall receive an Award of Restricted Shares effective on the date of each annual Stockholders’ meeting, or on December 1 of each year if no such meeting is held (in either case, a “ Independent Director Award Grant Date ”), in respect of a number of Shares having a Fair Market Value as of the Independent Director Award Grant Date equal to Ten Thousand U.S. Dollars ($10,000); provided, however, that if the Board and/or an Independent Director makes a timely deferral election under a non-qualified deferred compensation program that complies with Section 409A of the Code, then in lieu of Restricted Shares, the automatic grant may be in the form of Restricted Share Units.

6.2 Vesting . Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 5.1(d) , automatic grants of Restricted Shares (or Restricted Share Units, in accordance with a permitted deferral of the automatic grant) to Independent Directors pursuant to Section 6.1 shall vest over a three-year period following the Independent Director Award Grant Date in increments of 33-1/3% per annum commencing on the first anniversary of the Independent Director Award Grant Date, subject to the Independent Director’s continued service as an Independent Director on each vesting date. Notwithstanding the foregoing, 100% of any then unvested Restricted Shares (or Restricted Share Units, if applicable) issued to Independent Directors pursuant to Section 6.1 shall become fully vested upon the Company’s consummation of a Liquidity Event or the death or disability of such Independent Director.

6.3 Election . The Company shall pay to each individual who is an Independent Director an annual fee in the amount set from time to time by the Board (the “ Retainer ”). Each Independent Director shall be entitled to receive his or her Retainer exclusively in cash, exclusively in unrestricted Shares (“ Independent Director Shares ”) or any portion in cash and Independent Director Shares, or on such other terms and conditions as may be authorized by the Company and permitted, without penalty, under Section 409A of the Code. Each Independent Director shall be given the opportunity, during the month in which the Independent Director first becomes an Independent Director, and during each December thereafter, to elect among these choices for the balance of the calendar year (in the case of the election made during the month the Independent Director first becomes an Independent Director) and for the ensuing calendar year (in the case of a subsequent election made during any December). If the Independent Director chooses to receive at least some of his or her Retainer in Independent Director Shares, the election shall also indicate the percentage of the Retainer to be paid in Independent Director Shares. If an Independent Director makes no election during his or her first opportunity to make an election, the Independent Director shall be assumed to have elected to receive his or her entire Retainer in cash.

 

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6.4 Issuance . The Company shall make the first issuance of Independent Director Shares to electing Independent Directors on the first business day following the last day of the full calendar quarter following such election. Subsequent issuances of Independent Director Shares shall be made on the first business day of each subsequent calendar quarter and shall be made to all persons who are Independent Directors on that day, except for any Independent Director whose Retainer is to be paid entirely in cash. The number of Shares issuable to those Independent Directors on the relevant date indicated above shall equal:

(% x R/4)/P, where:

% = the percentage of the Independent Director’s Retainer that the Independent Director elected or is deemed to have elected to receive in the form of Independent Director Shares, expressed as a decimal;

R = the Independent Director’s Retainer for the year during which the issuance occurs; and

P = the Fair Market Value.

SECTION 7. SECURITIES LAWS

Nothing in this Plan or in any Award or Award Agreement shall require the Company to issue any Shares with respect to any Award if, in the opinion of counsel for the Company, that issuance could constitute a violation of any Applicable Laws. As a condition to the grant of any Award, the Company may require the Participant (or, in the event of the Participant’s death, the Participant’s legal representatives, heirs, legatees or distributees) to provide written representations concerning the Participant’s (or such other person’s) intentions with regard to the retention or disposition of the Shares covered by the Award and written covenants as to the manner of disposal of such Shares as may be necessary or useful to ensure that the grant or disposition thereof will not violate the Securities Act, any other law or any rule of any applicable securities exchange or securities association then in effect. The Company shall not be required to register any Shares under the Securities Act or register or qualify any Shares under any state or other securities laws.

SECTION 8. LIMITATION OF RIGHTS

Nothing in this Plan or any Award shall in any way interfere with or limit the right of the Company to terminate any Participant’s status as a director at any time, or confer upon any Participant any right to continue in the service of, the Company.

SECTION 9. AMENDMENT, SUSPENSION AND TERMINATION OF THIS PLAN

The Board may at any time amend, suspend or discontinue this Plan, provided that such amendment, suspension or discontinuance meets the requirements of Applicable Laws, including without limitation, any applicable requirements for stockholder approval. Notwithstanding the above, an amendment, suspension or discontinuation shall not be made if it would substantially impair the rights of any Participant under any Award previously granted, without the Participant’s consent, except to conform this Plan and Awards granted to the requirements of Applicable Laws. The provisions of this Plan relating to Awards for Independent Directors may not be amended more than once each six months. The Board may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Sections 5.1(a) and 5.1(b) or as otherwise specifically provided herein, no such amendment or other action by the Board shall substantially impair the rights of any Participant without the Participant’s consent. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, if the Board determines that any Award may be subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Board may adopt such amendment to the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions that the Board determines are necessary or appropriate, without the consent of the Participant, to (a) exempt the Award from Section 409A of the Code and/or preserve the intended tax treatment of the benefits provided with respect to the Award, or (b) comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code.

 

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SECTION 10. LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION OF THE BOARD

No person constituting, or member of the group constituting, the Board shall be liable for any act or omission on such person’s part, including but not limited to the exercise of any power or discretion given to such member under this Plan, except for those acts or omissions resulting from such member’s gross negligence or willful misconduct. The Company shall indemnify each present and future person constituting, or member of the group constituting, the Board against, and each person or member of the group constituting the Board shall be entitled without further act on his or her part to indemnity from the Company for, all expenses (including the amount of judgments and the amount of approved settlements made with a view to the curtailment of costs of litigation) reasonably incurred by such person in connection with or arising out of any action, suit or proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by law and by the Charter and Bylaws of the Company.

SECTION 11. SEVERABILITY

If any provision of this Plan is held to be illegal or invalid for any reason, that illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remaining portions of this Plan, but such provision shall be fully severable and this Plan shall be construed and enforced as if the illegal or invalid provision had never been included in this Plan. Such an illegal or invalid provision shall be replaced by a revised provision that most nearly comports to the substance of the illegal or invalid provision. If any of the terms or provisions of this Plan or any Award Agreement conflict with the requirements of Applicable Laws, those conflicting terms or provisions shall be deemed inoperative to the extent they conflict with Applicable Law.

SECTION 12. SECTION 409A OF THE CODE

Awards granted under the Plan are intended to be exempt from Section 409A of the Code. To the extent that the Plan or an Award is not exempt from the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, the Plan and such Award is intended to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and, in each case, the Plan and Awards shall be limited, construed and interpreted in accordance with such intent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event whatsoever shall the Company be liable for any additional tax, interest or penalty that may be imposed on a Participant by Section 409A of the Code or any damages for failing to comply with Section 409A of the Code.

SECTION 13. GOVERNING LAW

This Plan shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Maryland (regardless of the law that might otherwise govern under applicable principles of conflict of laws).

SECTION 14. EFFECTIVE DATE AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY

This Plan was adopted by the Board on October 6, 2016 (the “ Effective Date ”).

 

8

Exhibit 10.4

FORM OF

INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT

THIS INDEMNIFICATION AGREEMENT (“Agreement”) is made and entered into as of the              day of                  , 2016, by and between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), and                          (“Indemnitee”).

WHEREAS, at the request of the Company, Indemnitee currently serves as a director or officer of the Company and may, therefore, be subjected to claims, suits or proceedings arising as a result of such service;

WHEREAS, as an inducement to Indemnitee to serve or continue to serve in such capacity, the Company has agreed to indemnify Indemnitee and to advance expenses and costs incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any such claims, suits or proceedings; and

WHEREAS, the parties by this Agreement desire to set forth their agreement regarding indemnification and advance of expenses;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and the covenants contained herein, the Company and Indemnitee do hereby covenant and agree as follows:

Section 1. Definitions . For purposes of this Agreement:

(a) “Applicable Legal Rate” means a fixed rate of interest equal to the applicable federal rate for mid-term debt instruments as of the day that it is determined that Indemnitee must repay any advanced expenses.

(b) “Change in Control” means a change in control of the Company occurring after the Effective Date of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or in response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement; provided, however, that, without limitation, such a Change in Control shall be deemed to have occurred if, after the Effective Date (i) any “person” (as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act) is or becomes the “beneficial owner” (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 15% or more of the combined voting power of all of the Company’s then-outstanding securities entitled to vote generally in the election of directors without the prior approval of at least two-thirds of the members of the Board of Directors in office immediately prior to such person’s attaining such percentage interest; (ii) the Company is a party to a merger, consolidation, sale of assets, plan of liquidation or other reorganization not approved by at least two-thirds of the members of the Board of Directors then in office, as a consequence of which members of the Board of Directors in office immediately prior to such transaction or event constitute less than a majority of the Board of Directors thereafter; or (iii) at any time, a majority of the members of the Board of Directors are not individuals (A) who were directors as of the Effective Date or (B) whose election by the Board of Directors or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders was approved by the affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then in office who were directors as of the Effective Date or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved.


(c) “Corporate Status” means the status of a person as a present or former director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or as a director, trustee, officer, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person is or was serving in such capacity at the request of the Company. As a clarification and without limiting the circumstances in which Indemnitee may be serving at the request of the Company, service by Indemnitee shall be deemed to be at the request of the Company: (i) if Indemnitee serves or served as a director, trustee, officer, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise (1) of which a majority of the voting power or equity interest is or was owned directly or indirectly by the Company or (2) the management of which is controlled directly or indirectly by the Company and (ii) if, as a result of Indemnitee’s service to the Company or any of its affiliated entities, Indemnitee is subject to duties by, or required to perform services for, an employee benefit plan or its participants or beneficiaries, including as a deemed fiduciary thereof.

(d) “Disinterested Director” means a director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification and/or advance of Expenses is sought by Indemnitee.

(e) “Effective Date” means the date set forth in the first paragraph of this Agreement.

(f) “Expenses” means any and all reasonable and out-of-pocket attorneys’ fees and costs, retainers, court costs, arbitration and mediation costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement, ERISA excise taxes and penalties and any other disbursements or expenses incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, being or preparing to be a witness in or otherwise participating in a Proceeding. Expenses shall also include Expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding including, without limitation, the premium for, security for and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersedeas bond or other appeal bond or its equivalent.

(g) “Independent Counsel” means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other party to or participant or witness in the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification or advance of Expenses hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term “Independent Counsel” shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitee’s rights under this Agreement.

 

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(h) “Proceeding” means any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing, claim, demand or discovery request or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether of a civil (including intentional or unintentional tort claims), criminal, administrative or investigative (formal or informal) nature, including any appeal therefrom, except one pending or completed on or before the Effective Date, unless otherwise specifically agreed in writing by the Company and Indemnitee. If Indemnitee reasonably believes that a given situation may lead to or culminate in the institution of a Proceeding, such situation shall also be considered a Proceeding.

Section 2. Services by Indemnitee . Indemnitee will serve as a director or officer of the Company. However, this Agreement shall not impose any independent obligation on Indemnitee or the Company to continue Indemnitee’s service to the Company. This Agreement shall not be deemed an employment contract between the Company (or any other entity) and Indemnitee.

Section 3. General . Subject to the limitations in Section 5, the Company shall indemnify, and advance Expenses to, Indemnitee (a) as provided in this Agreement and (b) as otherwise permitted by Maryland law in effect on the Effective Date and as amended from time to time; provided, however, that no change in Maryland law shall have the effect of reducing the benefits available to Indemnitee hereunder based on Maryland law as in effect on the Effective Date. Subject to the limitations in Section 5, the rights of Indemnitee provided in this Section 3 shall include, without limitation, the rights set forth in the other sections of this Agreement, including any additional indemnification permitted by the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”), including, without limitation, Section 2-418 of the MGCL.

Section 4. Standard for Indemnification . Subject to the limitations in Section 5, if, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to any Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement and all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with any such Proceeding unless it is established by clear and convincing evidence that (a) the act or omission of Indemnitee was material to the matter giving rise to the Proceeding and (i) was committed in bad faith or (ii) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty, (b) Indemnitee actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (c) in the case of any criminal Proceeding, Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful.

Section 5. Certain Limits on Indemnification . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement (other than Section 6), Indemnitee shall not be entitled to:

(a) indemnification for any loss or liability unless all of the following conditions are met: (i) Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Company; (ii) Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Company; (iii) such loss or liability was not the result of negligence or misconduct, or, if Indemnitee is an independent director, gross negligence or willful misconduct; and (iv) such indemnification is recoverable only out of the Company’s net assets and not from the Company’s stockholders;

 

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(b) indemnification for any loss or liability arising from an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged material securities law violations as to Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to Indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the Securities and Exchange Commission and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities of the Company were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws;

(c) indemnification hereunder if the Proceeding was one by or in the right of the Company and Indemnitee is adjudged, in a final adjudication of the Proceeding not subject to further appeal, to be liable to the Company;

(d) indemnification hereunder if Indemnitee is adjudged, in a final adjudication of the Proceeding not subject to further appeal, to be liable on the basis that personal benefit was improperly received in any Proceeding charging improper personal benefit to Indemnitee, whether or not involving action in Indemnitee’s Corporate Status; or

(e) indemnification or advance of Expenses hereunder if the Proceeding was brought by Indemnitee, unless: (i) the Proceeding was brought to enforce indemnification under this Agreement, and then only to the extent in accordance with and as authorized by Section 12 of this Agreement, or (ii) the Company’s charter or Bylaws, a resolution of the stockholders entitled to vote generally in the election of directors or of the Board of Directors or an agreement approved by the Board of Directors to which the Company is a party expressly provide otherwise.

Section 6. Court-Ordered Indemnification . Subject to the limitations in Section 5(a) and (b), a court of appropriate jurisdiction, upon application of Indemnitee and such notice as the court shall require, may order indemnification of Indemnitee by the Company in the following circumstances:

(a) if such court determines that Indemnitee is entitled to reimbursement under Section 2-418(d)(1) of the MGCL, the court shall order indemnification, in which case Indemnitee shall be entitled to recover the Expenses of securing such reimbursement; or

(b) if such court determines that Indemnitee is fairly and reasonably entitled to indemnification in view of all the relevant circumstances, whether or not Indemnitee (i) has met the standards of conduct set forth in Section 2-418(b) of the MGCL or (ii) has been adjudged liable for receipt of an improper personal benefit under Section 2-418(c) of the MGCL, the court may order such indemnification as the court shall deem proper without regard to any limitation on such court-ordered indemnification contemplated by Section 2-418(d)(2)(ii) of the MGCL.

 

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Section 7. Indemnification for Expenses of an Indemnitee Who is Wholly or Partially Successful . Subject to the limitations in Section 5, to the extent that Indemnitee was or is, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, made a party to (or otherwise becomes a participant in) any Proceeding and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in the defense of such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee under this Section 7 for all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection with each such claim, issue or matter, allocated on a reasonable and proportionate basis. For purposes of this Section 7, and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.

Section 8. Advance of Expenses for Indemnitee . If, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be, made a party to any Proceeding, the Company shall, without requiring a preliminary determination of Indemnitee’s ultimate entitlement to indemnification hereunder, advance all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with (a) such Proceeding which is initiated by a third party who is not a stockholder of the Company or (b) such Proceeding which is initiated by a stockholder of the Company acting in his or her capacity as such and for which a court of competent jurisdiction specifically approves such advancement, and which relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Company. The Company shall make such advance within ten days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements requesting such advance from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding and may be in the form of, in the reasonable discretion of Indemnitee (but without duplication), (a) payment of such Expenses directly to third parties on behalf of Indemnitee, (b) advance of funds to Indemnitee in an amount sufficient to pay such Expenses or (c) reimbursement to Indemnitee for Indemnitee’s payment of such Expenses. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall include or be preceded or accompanied by a written affirmation by Indemnitee and a written undertaking by or on behalf of Indemnitee, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit A or in such form as may be required under applicable law as in effect at the time of the execution thereof. To the extent that Expenses advanced to Indemnitee do not relate to a specific claim, issue or matter in the Proceeding, such Expenses shall be allocated on a reasonable and proportionate basis. The undertaking required by this Section 8 shall be an unlimited general obligation by or on behalf of Indemnitee and shall be accepted without reference to Indemnitee’s financial ability to repay such advanced Expenses and without any requirement to post security therefor.

Section 9. Indemnification and Advance of Expenses as a Witness or Other Participant . Subject to the limitations in Section 5, to the extent that Indemnitee is or may be, by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, made a witness or otherwise asked to participate in any Proceeding, whether instituted by the Company or any other person, and to which Indemnitee is not a party, Indemnitee shall be advanced and indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee or on Indemnitee’s behalf in connection therewith within ten days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements requesting any such advance or indemnification from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such

 

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Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee. In connection with any such advance of Expenses, the Company may require Indemnitee to provide an affirmation and undertaking substantially in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A .

Section 10. Procedure for Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification .

(a) To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary or appropriate to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification. Indemnitee may submit one or more such requests from time to time and at such time(s) as Indemnitee deems appropriate in Indemnitee’s sole discretion. The officer of the Company receiving any such request from Indemnitee shall, promptly upon receipt of such a request for indemnification, advise the Board of Directors in writing that Indemnitee has requested indemnification.

(b) Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to Section 10(a) above, a determination, if required by applicable law, with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement thereto shall promptly be made in the specific case: (i) if a Change in Control has occurred, by Independent Counsel, in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee, which Independent Counsel shall be selected by Indemnitee and approved by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 2-418(e)(2)(ii) of the MGCL, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld; or (ii) if a Change in Control has not occurred, (A) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors or by the majority vote of a group of Disinterested Directors designated by the Disinterested Directors to make the determination, (B) if Independent Counsel has been selected by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 2-418(e)(2)(ii) of the MGCL and approved by Indemnitee, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, by Independent Counsel, in a written opinion to the Board of Directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to Indemnitee or (C) if so directed by the Board of Directors, by the stockholders of the Company, other than directors or officers who are parties to the Proceeding. If it is so determined that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall make payment to Indemnitee within ten days after such determination. Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary or appropriate to such determination in the discretion of the Board of Directors or Independent Counsel if retained pursuant to clause (ii)(B) of this Section 10(b). Any Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification) and the Company shall indemnify and hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom.

(c) The Company shall pay the reasonable fees and expenses of Independent Counsel, if one is appointed.

 

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Section 11. Presumptions and Effect of Certain Proceedings .

(a) In making any determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement if Indemnitee has submitted a request for indemnification in accordance with Section 10(a) of this Agreement, and the Company shall have the burden of overcoming that presumption in connection with the making of any determination contrary to that presumption.

(b) The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, or entry of an order of probation prior to judgment, does not create a presumption that Indemnitee did not meet the requisite standard of conduct described herein for indemnification.

(c) The knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any other director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or any other director, trustee, officer, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining any other right to indemnification under this Agreement.

Section 12. Remedies of Indemnitee .

(a) If (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 10(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advance of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 8 or 9 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification shall have been made pursuant to Section 10(b) of this Agreement within 60 days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to Section 7 or 9 of this Agreement within ten days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor, or (v) payment of indemnification pursuant to any other section of this Agreement or the charter or Bylaws of the Company is not made within ten days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication in an appropriate court located in the State of Maryland, or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, or in an arbitration conducted by a single arbitrator pursuant to the Commercial Arbitration Rules of the American Arbitration Association, of Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification or advance of Expenses. Indemnitee shall commence a proceeding seeking an adjudication or an award in arbitration within 180 days following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 12(a); provided, however, that the foregoing clause shall not apply to a proceeding brought by Indemnitee to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under Section 7 of this Agreement. Except as set forth herein, the provisions of Maryland law (without regard to its conflicts of laws rules) shall apply to any such arbitration. The Company shall not oppose Indemnitee’s right to seek any such adjudication or award in arbitration.

(b) In any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, Indemnitee shall be presumed to be entitled to indemnification or advance of Expenses, as the case may be, under this Agreement and the Company shall have the burden of

 

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proving that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification or advance of Expenses, as the case may be. If Indemnitee commences a judicial proceeding or arbitration pursuant to this Section 12, Indemnitee shall not be required to reimburse the Company for any advances pursuant to Section 8 of this Agreement until a final determination is made with respect to Indemnitee’s entitlement to indemnification (as to which all rights of appeal have been exhausted or lapsed). The Company shall, to the fullest extent not prohibited by law, be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court or before any such arbitrator that the Company is bound by all of the provisions of this Agreement.

(c) If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 10(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding or arbitration commenced pursuant to this Section 12, absent a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact, or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitee’s statement not materially misleading, in connection with the request for indemnification that was not disclosed in connection with the determination.

(d) In the event that Indemnitee is successful in seeking, pursuant to this Section 12, a judicial adjudication of or an award in arbitration to enforce Indemnitee’s rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to recover from the Company, and shall be indemnified by the Company for, any and all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by Indemnitee in such judicial adjudication or arbitration. If it shall be determined in such judicial adjudication or arbitration that Indemnitee is entitled to receive part but not all of the indemnification or advance of Expenses sought, the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with such judicial adjudication or arbitration shall be appropriately prorated.

(e) Interest shall be paid by the Company to Indemnitee at the maximum rate allowed to be charged for judgments under the Courts and Judicial Proceedings Article of the Annotated Code of Maryland for amounts which the Company pays or is obligated to pay for the period (i) commencing with either the tenth day after the date on which the Company was requested to advance Expenses in accordance with Section 8 or 9 of this Agreement or the 60 th day after the date on which the Company was requested to make the determination of entitlement to indemnification under Section 10(b) of this Agreement, as applicable, and (ii) ending on the date such payment is made to Indemnitee by the Company.

Section 13. Defense of the Underlying Proceeding .

(a) Indemnitee shall notify the Company promptly in writing upon being served with any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, request or other document relating to any Proceeding which may result in the right to indemnification or the advance of Expenses hereunder and shall include with such notice a description of the nature of the Proceeding and a summary of the facts underlying the Proceeding. The failure to give any such notice shall not disqualify Indemnitee from the right, or otherwise affect in any manner any right of Indemnitee, to indemnification or the advance of Expenses under this Agreement unless the Company’s ability to defend in such Proceeding or to obtain proceeds under any insurance policy is materially and adversely prejudiced thereby, and then only to the extent the Company is thereby actually so prejudiced.

 

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(b) Subject to the provisions of the last sentence of this Section 13(b) and of Section 13(c) below, the Company shall have the right to defend Indemnitee in any Proceeding which may give rise to indemnification hereunder; provided, however, that the Company shall notify Indemnitee of any such decision to defend within 15 calendar days following receipt of notice of any such Proceeding under Section 13(a) above. The Company shall not, without the prior written consent of Indemnitee, which shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, consent to the entry of any judgment against Indemnitee or enter into any settlement or compromise which (i) includes an admission of fault of Indemnitee, (ii) does not include, as an unconditional term thereof, the full release of Indemnitee from all liability in respect of such Proceeding, which release shall be in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to Indemnitee or (iii) would impose any Expense, judgment, fine, penalty or limitation on Indemnitee. This Section 13(b) shall not apply to a Proceeding brought by Indemnitee under Section 12 of this Agreement.

(c) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 13(b) above, if in a Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status, (i) Indemnitee reasonably concludes, based upon an opinion of counsel approved by the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, that Indemnitee may have separate defenses or counterclaims to assert with respect to any issue which may not be consistent with other defendants in such Proceeding, (ii) Indemnitee reasonably concludes, based upon an opinion of counsel approved by the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, that an actual or apparent conflict of interest or potential conflict of interest exists between Indemnitee and the Company, or (iii) if the Company fails to assume the defense of such Proceeding in a timely manner, Indemnitee shall be entitled to be represented by separate legal counsel of Indemnitee’s choice, subject to the prior approval of the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, at the expense of the Company. In addition, if the Company fails to comply with any of its obligations under this Agreement or in the event that the Company or any other person takes any action to declare this Agreement void or unenforceable, or institutes any Proceeding to deny or to recover from Indemnitee the benefits intended to be provided to Indemnitee hereunder, Indemnitee shall have the right to retain counsel of Indemnitee’s choice, subject to the prior approval of the Company, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed, at the expense of the Company (subject to Section 12(d) of this Agreement), to represent Indemnitee in connection with any such matter.

Section 14. Non-Exclusivity; Survival of Rights; Subrogation .

(a) The rights of indemnification and advance of Expenses as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the charter or Bylaws of the Company, any agreement or a resolution of the stockholders entitled to vote generally in the election of directors or of the Board of Directors, or otherwise. Unless consented to in writing by Indemnitee, no amendment, alteration or repeal of the charter or Bylaws of the Company, this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in Indemnitee’s Corporate Status prior to such

 

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amendment, alteration or repeal, regardless of whether a claim with respect to such action or inaction is raised prior or subsequent to such amendment, alteration or repeal. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right or remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right or remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prohibit the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.

(b) In the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee, who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.

Section 15. Insurance .

(a) The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to acquire directors and officers liability insurance, on terms and conditions deemed appropriate by the Board of Directors, with the advice of counsel, covering Indemnitee or any claim made against Indemnitee by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status and covering the Company for any indemnification or advance of Expenses made by the Company to Indemnitee for any claims made against Indemnitee by reason of Indemnitee’s Corporate Status. In the event of a Change in Control, the Company shall maintain in force any and all directors and officers liability insurance policies that were maintained by the Company immediately prior to the Change in Control for a period of six years with the insurance carrier or carriers and through the insurance broker in place at the time of the Change in Control; provided, however, (i) if the carriers will not offer the same policy and an expiring policy needs to be replaced, a policy substantially comparable in scope and amount shall be obtained and (ii) if any replacement insurance carrier is necessary to obtain a policy substantially comparable in scope and amount, such insurance carrier shall have an AM Best rating that is the same or better than the AM Best rating of the existing insurance carrier; provided, further, however, in no event shall the Company be required to expend in the aggregate in excess of 250% of the annual premium or premiums paid by the Company for directors and officers liability insurance in effect on the date of the Change in Control. In the event that 250% of the annual premium paid by the Company for such existing directors and officers liability insurance is insufficient for such coverage, the Company shall spend up to that amount to purchase such lesser coverage as may be obtained with such amount.

(b) Without in any way limiting any other obligation under this Agreement, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee for any payment by Indemnitee which would otherwise be indemnifiable hereunder arising out of the amount of any deductible or retention and the amount of any excess of the aggregate of all judgments, penalties, fines, settlements and Expenses incurred by Indemnitee in connection with a Proceeding over the coverage of any insurance referred to in Section 15(a). The purchase, establishment and maintenance of any such insurance shall not in any way limit or affect the rights or obligations of the Company or Indemnitee under this Agreement except as expressly provided herein, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement by the Company and Indemnitee shall not in any way limit or affect the rights or obligations of the Company under any such insurance policies. If, at the time the

 

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Company receives notice from any source of a Proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party or a participant (as a witness or otherwise), the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of such Proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies.

(c) Indemnitee shall cooperate with the Company or any insurance carrier of the Company with respect to any Proceeding.

Section 16. Coordination of Payments . The Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable or payable or reimbursable as Expenses hereunder if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.

Section 17. Contribution . If the indemnification provided in this Agreement is unavailable in whole or in part and may not be paid to Indemnitee for any reason, other than for failure to satisfy the standard of conduct set forth in Section 4 or due to the provisions of Section 5, then, with respect to any Proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such Proceeding), to the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying and holding harmless Indemnitee, shall pay, in the first instance, the entire amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for Expenses, judgments, penalties, and/or amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, in connection with any Proceeding without requiring Indemnitee to contribute to such payment, and the Company hereby waives and relinquishes any right of contribution it may have at any time against Indemnitee.

Section 18. Reports to Stockholders . To the extent required by the MGCL, the Company shall report in writing to its stockholders the payment of any amounts for indemnification of, or advance of Expenses to, Indemnitee under this Agreement arising out of a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company with the notice of the meeting of stockholders of the Company next following the date of the payment of any such indemnification or advance of Expenses or prior to such meeting.

Section 19. Duration of Agreement; Binding Effect .

(a) This Agreement shall continue until and terminate on the later of (i) the date that Indemnitee shall have ceased to serve as a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or as a director, trustee, officer, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other foreign or domestic corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person is or was serving in such capacity at the request of the Company and (ii) the date that Indemnitee is no longer subject to any actual or possible Proceeding (including any rights of appeal thereto and any Proceeding commenced by Indemnitee pursuant to Section 12 of this Agreement).

(b) The indemnification and advance of Expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this Agreement shall be binding upon and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the

 

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Company), shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent of the Company or a director, trustee, officer, partner, manager, managing member, fiduciary, employee or agent of any other foreign or domestic corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person is or was serving in such capacity at the request of the Company, and shall inure to the benefit of Indemnitee and Indemnitee’s spouse, assigns, heirs, devisees, executors and administrators and other legal representatives.

(c) The Company shall require and cause any successor (whether direct or indirect by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all, substantially all or a substantial part, of the business and/or assets of the Company, by written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to Indemnitee, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

(d) The Company and Indemnitee agree that a monetary remedy for breach of this Agreement, at some later date, may be inadequate, impracticable and difficult of proof, and further agree that such breach may cause Indemnitee irreparable harm. Accordingly, the parties hereto agree that Indemnitee may enforce this Agreement by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance hereof, without any necessity of showing actual damage or irreparable harm and that by seeking injunctive relief and/or specific performance, Indemnitee shall not be precluded from seeking or obtaining any other relief to which Indemnitee may be entitled. Indemnitee shall further be entitled to such specific performance and injunctive relief, including temporary restraining orders, preliminary injunctions and permanent injunctions, without the necessity of posting bonds or other undertakings in connection therewith. The Company acknowledges that, in the absence of a waiver, a bond or undertaking may be required of Indemnitee by a court, and the Company hereby waives any such requirement of such a bond or undertaking.

Section 20. Severability . If any provision or provisions of this Agreement shall be held to be invalid, void, illegal or otherwise unenforceable for any reason whatsoever: (a) the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section, paragraph or sentence of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby and shall remain enforceable to the fullest extent permitted by law; (b) such provision or provisions shall be deemed reformed to the extent necessary to conform to applicable law and to give the maximum effect to the intent of the parties hereto; and (c) to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section, paragraph or sentence of this Agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested thereby.

Section 21. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts (delivery of which may be by facsimile or via e-mail as a portable document format (.pdf) or other electronic format), each of which will be deemed to be an original, and it will not be necessary in making proof of this Agreement or the terms of this Agreement to produce or account for more than one such counterpart. One such counterpart signed by the party against whom enforceability is sought shall be sufficient to evidence the existence of this Agreement.

 

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Section 22. Headings . The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.

Section 23. Modification and Waiver . No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor, unless otherwise expressly stated, shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.

Section 24. Notices . All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (i) delivered by hand and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, on the day of such delivery, or (ii) mailed by certified or registered mail with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed:

 

  (a) If to Indemnitee, to the address set forth on the signature page hereto.

 

  (b) If to the Company, to:

InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

2901 Butterfield Road

Oak Brook, Illinois 60523

Attn: [General Counsel]

or to such other address as may have been furnished in writing to Indemnitee by the Company or to the Company by Indemnitee, as the case may be.

Section 25. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Maryland, without regard to its conflicts of laws rules.

[SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above written.

 

INPOINT COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE INCOME, INC.
By:    
  Name:
  Title:

 

INDEMNITEE
 
Name:  
Address:  

 

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Exhibit 10.4

EXHIBIT A

AFFIRMATION AND UNDERTAKING TO REPAY EXPENSES ADVANCED

 

To: The Board of Directors of InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc.

 

Re: Affirmation and Undertaking

Ladies and Gentlemen:

This Affirmation and Undertaking is being provided pursuant to that certain Indemnification Agreement, dated the                  day of                      , 2016, by and between InPoint Commercial Real Estate Income, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Company”), and the undersigned Indemnitee (the “Indemnification Agreement”), pursuant to which I am entitled to advance of Expenses in connection with [ Description of Proceeding ] (the “Proceeding”).

Terms used herein and not otherwise defined shall have the meanings specified in the Indemnification Agreement.

I am subject to the Proceeding by reason of my Corporate Status or by reason of alleged actions or omissions by me in such capacity. I hereby affirm my good faith belief that at all times, insofar as I was involved as a director or officer of the Company, in any of the facts or events giving rise to the Proceeding, I (1) did not act with bad faith or active or deliberate dishonesty, (2) did not receive any improper personal benefit in money, property or services and (3) in the case of any criminal proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe that any act or omission by me was unlawful.

In consideration of the advance by the Company for Expenses incurred by me in connection with the Proceeding (the “Advanced Expenses”), I hereby agree that if, in connection with the Proceeding, it is established that (1) an act or omission by me was material to the matter giving rise to the Proceeding and (a) was committed in bad faith or (b) was the result of active and deliberate dishonesty or (2) I actually received an improper personal benefit in money, property or services or (3) in the case of any criminal proceeding, I had reasonable cause to believe that the act or omission was unlawful, then I shall promptly reimburse the portion of the Advanced Expenses, together with the Applicable Legal Rate of interest thereon, relating to the claims, issues or matters in the Proceeding as to which the foregoing findings have been established.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have executed this Affirmation and Undertaking on this                  day of                      , 20          .

 

 

 

Name:

Exhibit 21.1

Subsidiaries of the Company

 

InPoint REIT Operating Partnership, LP

  

Delaware

InPoint REIT Holdings LLC

  

Delaware

InPoint TRS, LLC

  

Delaware