As filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on February 1, 2018
Registration No. 333-221848
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 4
to
FORM S-4
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 6770 | 81-4619427 | ||
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
c/o Forum Investors I, LLC
135 East 57 th Street
8 th Floor
New York, New York 10022
(212) 739-7860
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrants principal executive offices)
David Boris
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Forum Merger Corporation
c/o Forum Investors I, LLC
135 East 57 th Street
8 th Floor
New York, New York 10022
(212) 739-7860
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies to:
Douglas S. Ellenoff, Esq. Stuart Neuhauser, Esq. Tamar A. Donikyan, Esq. Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP 1345 Avenue of the Americas New York, New York 10105-0302 (212) 370-1300 |
John A. McKenna, Jr. President and Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board C1 Investment Corp. 3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 (888) 321-6227 |
Mehdi Khodadad, Esq. John T. McKenna, Esq. Alan Hambelton, Esq. Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, California 94304 (650) 843-5000 |
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective and after all conditions under the Merger Agreement to consummate the proposed merger are satisfied or waived.
If the securities being registered on this Form are being offered in connection with the formation of a holding company and there is compliance with General Instruction G, check the following box: ☐
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering: ☐
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering: ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company and emerging growth company. See the definitions of large accelerated filer, accelerated filer, smaller reporting company and emerging growth company in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer ☐ |
Accelerated filer ☐ | Non-accelerated ☒ | Smaller reporting company ☐ | Emerging growth company ☒ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐
If applicable, place an X in the box to designate the appropriate rule provision relied upon in conducting this transaction:
Exchange Act Rule 13e-4(i) (Cross-Border Issuer Tender Offer) ☐
Exchange Act Rule 14d-1(d) (Cross-Border Third-Party Tender Offer) ☐
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the SEC, acting pursuant to Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this preliminary proxy statement/prospectus is not complete and may be changed. These securities may not be issued until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary proxy statement/prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
PRELIMINARY PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED FEBRUARY 1, 2018
Forum Merger Corporation
135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor
New York, New York 10022
To the Stockholders of Forum Merger Corporation:
You are cordially invited to attend the Special Meeting of Stockholders (the Special Meetin g ) of Forum Merger Corporation, which is referred to as Forum , on February 20, 2018, at 9:00 a.m., Eastern time, at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York, New York
10105. At the Special Meeting, Forum stockholders will be asked to consider and vote upon the following proposals (the Proposals ):
(1) to approve an amendment of Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the Charte r) to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares for the purposes of carrying out the Business Combination (as defined below);
(2) to adopt and approve the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 30, 2017 (the Merger Agreement ), by which C1 Investment Corp. ( C1 ) will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum through a two-step merger, and to approve the transactions contemplated thereby (the Busines s Combination );
(3) to approve the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, dated November 30, 2017, entered into in connection with the Business Combination;
(4) to approve, for purposes of complying with The Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rule 5635(d), the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the subscription agreements, dated November 30, 2017, entered into in connection with the Business Combination;
(5) to approve separate proposals to amend the Charter to adopt certain material differences that will be in effect upon the consummation of the Business Combination;
(6) to approve the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan in connection with the Business Combination;
(7) to approve the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan in connection with the Business Combination; and
(8) to approve a proposal to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary.
The Board of Directors of Forum (the Board ) has fixed the close of business on February 1, 2018 as the record date (the Record Date ) for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the Special Meeting or any postponement or adjournment thereof. Stockholders should carefully read the accompanying Notice of Special Meeting and proxy statement/prospectus for a more complete statement of the Proposals to be considered at the Special Meeting.
The Board has unanimously approved and adopted the Merger Agreement and unanimously recommends that our stockholders vote FOR all of the Proposals presented to Forum stockholders. When you consider the board recommendation of these proposals, you should keep in mind that directors and officers of Forum have interests in the Business Combination that may conflict with your interests as a stockholder. See the section titled The Business Combination Proposal Interests of Forums Directors and Officers and Others in the Business Combination in the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus.
Pursuant to the Charter, Forum public stockholders have redemption rights in connection with the Business Combination. Forum public stockholders are not required to affirmatively vote for or against the Business Combination in order to redeem their shares of common stock for cash. This means that public stockholders who hold shares of Forum Class A Common Stock on or before February 15, 2018 (two (2) business days before the Special Meeting) will be eligible to elect to have their shares of Forum Class A Common Stock redeemed for cash in connection with the Special Meeting, whether or not they are holders as of the Record Date, and whether or not such shares are voted at the Special Meeting.
By Order of the Board,
Co-Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Vice-President and Director
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of the securities to be issued under the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus or determined that the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus is accurate or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The accompanying proxy statement/prospectus is dated , 2018 and is first being mailed to the stockholders of Forum on or about , 2018.
Forum Merger Corporation
135 East 57 th Street
8 th Floor
New York, New York 10022
NOTICE OF SPECIAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS OF FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
TO BE HELD ON FEBRUARY 20, 2018
TO THE STOCKHOLDERS OF FORUM MERGER CORPORATION:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a special meeting of stockholders (the Special Meeting ) of Forum Merger Corporation ( Forum ), a Delaware corporation, which is referred to as Forum , will be held at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time, on February 20, 2018, at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10105. At the Special Meeting, Forum stockholders will be asked to consider and vote upon the following proposals (the Proposals ).
(1) | To approve an amendment of Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the Charter ) to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares for the purposes of carrying out the Business Combination (as defined below) (the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal ); |
(2) | The Business Combination Proposal To approve and adopt the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 30, 2017 (the Merger Agreement ), by and among Forum, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a newly-formed Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum (the Merger Sub I ), FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, a newly formed Delaware limited liability company and wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum (the Merger Sub II ), C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation ( C1 ), Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., in the capacity as the Seller Representative (the Seller Representative ) and approve the transactions contemplated thereby, including (a) the merger of Merger Sub I with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the surviving corporation (the Surviving Subsidiary ) and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum (the First Merger ) and (b) the merger of the Surviving Subsidiary of the First Merger with and into Merger Sub II, ceasing the separate existence of the Surviving Subsidiary (the Second Merger and together with the First Merger, the Business Combination ). Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving entity in the Second Merger, and Merger Sub II, continuing as the surviving entity, shall then be referred to as the Surviving Entity (the Combined Entity ). Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the First Merger (the Effective Time ): |
(a) | all shares of C1s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock (the C1 Stock ) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, will be converted into the right to receive the Total Consideration, with each stockholder of C1 Stock being entitled to receiving its Pro Rata Share of the Total Consideration; |
(b) | each outstanding option, warrant or other right to subscribe or purchase any capital stock of C1 or securities convertible into or exchange for, or that otherwise confer on the holder any right to acquire any capital stock of C1 (collectively, Company Convertible Securities ) (other than Company Options), if not exercised or converted prior to such time, will be cancelled, retired and terminated and cease to represent a right to acquire, be exchanged for or convert into shares of C1 Stock or if exercised prior to such time, will have the resulting shares of C1 Stock issued upon such exercise treated as outstanding shares of C1 Stock; and |
(c) |
each outstanding Company Option that is unvested as of the Effective Time will become fully vested and exercisable as of the Effective Time (each such Company Option subject to such accelerated vesting, an Accelerated Option ). Each Company Option that is outstanding and unexercised as of the Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive, (i) with respect to each share of company stock subject to such Company Option, and without interest, an amount of Merger Consideration equal the Pro Rata Share of the Merger Consideration applicable to such share of C1 |
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Stock subject to such Company Option minus the per-share exercise price of such Company Option and (y) their Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Payments (as defined below), in each case, as provided in the Merger Agreement, except that holders of such Company Options will only receive their Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Payments if they continue to be employed by or in service to Forum or the Surviving Corporation on the date that it is paid. |
We refer to this proposal as the Business Combination Proposal . Copies of the Merger Agreement and certain other agreements to be entered into pursuant to the Merger Agreement are attached to the proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A .
(3) | The Escrow Amendment Proposal To approve the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, dated November 30, 2017, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among Forum Investors I, LLC, Forums sponsor (the Sponsor ), Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release 4,312,500 shares of Class F common stock of Forum ( Founders Shares ) purchased by the Sponsor prior to Forums IPO from escrow to: (i) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (ii) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (iii) release of 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination. We refer to this proposal as the Escrow Amendment Proposal ; |
(4) | Nasdaq Proposal To approve, for purposes of complying with The Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rule 5635(d) (the Nasdaq Listing Rule ), the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of Forum ( Class A Common Stock ) pursuant to the subscription agreements, dated November 30, 2017 (the Subscription Agreements ), by and among Forum and the investors named therein, in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, which we refer to as the Nasdaq Proposal ; |
(5) | Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal To approve and adopt an amendment and restatement of Forums Charter, as set out in the draft amended and restated version of Forums Charter appended to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex C (the Amended Charter ), for the following amendments (collectively, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal ): |
(a) | to divide the Combined Entitys board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms; |
(b) | to provide that any amendment to provisions of the Charter will require the approval of the holders of a majority of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter any such amendment will require the approval of the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(c) | to provide that the Combined Entity opts out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a business combination with certain interested stockholders and their affiliates; for more information on Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, see the section entitled Description of Securities of ForumCertain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law and our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws ; |
(d) |
to provide that we may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder (which excludes Clearlake and any of their direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons) for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (1) prior to the date of the transaction, the Combined Entitys board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (2) the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the Combined |
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Entitys voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (x) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (y) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or (3) on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the Combined Entitys board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder; |
(e) | to provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; |
(f) | to provide that, subject to the limitations imposed by applicable law, directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as Clearlake, which, together with its affiliates and related persons, holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter solely with cause by the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(g) | to provide that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(h) | to amend the name of the new public entity to ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. from Forum Merger Corporation; |
(i) | to reclassify all shares of Class A Common Stock as Common Stock; |
(j) | to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock to 1,000,000,000 shares; |
(k) | to increase the authorized shares of blank check preferred stock that the Combined Entitys board of directors could issue to discourage a takeover attempt to 10,000,000 shares; and |
(l) | to make the Combined Entitys corporate existence perpetual as opposed to Forums corporate existence terminating 24 months following the closing if its initial public offering and to remove from the Combined Companys Charter the various provisions applicable only to specified purpose acquisition corporations contained in Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation (the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal ); |
(6) | Incentive Plan Proposal To approve and adopt the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the Equity Incentive Plan ) a copy of which is attached to the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus as Annex D (the Incentive Plan Proposal ); |
(7) | ESPP Proposal To approve and adopt the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase plan (the ESPP ), a copy of which is appended to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex E in connection with the Business Combination (the ESPP Proposal ); and |
(8) |
The Adjournment Proposal To consider and vote upon a proposal to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies if, based upon the tabulated vote at the time of the Special Meeting, there are not sufficient votes to approve the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, or the ESPP Proposal. We refer to this proposal as the |
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Adjournment Proposal and, together with the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal, as the Proposals . |
Only holders of record of Forum Common Stock at the close of business on February 1, 2018 (the Record Date ) are entitled to notice of the Special Meeting and to vote at the Special Meeting and any adjournments or postponements of the Special Meeting. A complete list of Forum stockholders of record entitled to vote at the Special Meeting will be available for ten days before the Special Meeting at the principal executive offices of Forum for inspection by stockholders during ordinary business hours for any purpose germane to the Special Meeting.
Pursuant to Forums Charter, Forum is providing Forum public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem, upon the closing of the Business Combination, shares of Forum Common Stock then held by them for cash equal to their pro rata share of the aggregate amount on deposit (as of two business days prior to the closing of the Business Combination) in the Trust Account that holds the proceeds (including interest but less franchise and income taxes payable) of the Forum IPO. For illustrative purposes, based on funds in the Trust Account of approximately $174.8 million on November 30, 2017, the estimated per share redemption price would have been approximately $10.13. Forum public stockholders are not required to affirmatively vote for or against the Business Combination in order to redeem their shares of common stock for cash. This means that public stockholders who hold shares of Forum Class A Common Stock on or before February 15, 2018 (two (2) business days before the Special Meeting) will be eligible to elect to have their shares of Forum Class A Common Stock redeemed for cash in connection with the Special Meeting, whether or not they are holders as of the Record Date, and whether or not such shares are voted at the Special Meeting. A public stockholder, together with any of his, her or its affiliates or any other person with whom it is acting in concert or as a group (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act )), will be restricted from redeeming in the aggregate his, her or its shares or, if part of such a group, the groups shares, with respect to 20% or more of the shares of Common Stock included in the Units sold in the Forum IPO. Holders of our outstanding Public Warrants, Rights and Units do not have redemption rights with respect to such securities in connection with the Business Combination. Holders of outstanding Units must separate the underlying Public Shares, Public Rights and Public Warrants prior to exercising redemption rights with respect to the Public Shares. Forums Sponsor, officers and directors and EBC have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any shares of Forum Common Stock they may hold in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, and such shares will be excluded from the pro rata calculation used to determine the per-share redemption price. Currently, the Sponsor owns 22.1% and EBC owns 0.8% of the issued and outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock. Forums Sponsor, directors and officers have agreed to vote any shares of Forum Common Stock owned by them in favor of the Business Combination Proposal.
The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment, the Business Combination Proposal, and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date for the Special Meeting. The approval of the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal each require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Forum Common Stock cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting. If the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal and the Business Combination Proposal are not approved, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal will not be presented to the Forum stockholders for a vote. The approval of the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP proposal are preconditions to the consummation of the Business Combination. The board of directors has already approved the Business Combination.
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As of December 31, 2017, there was approximately $175.4 million in the Trust Account. Each redemption of shares of Forum Common Stock by its public stockholders will decrease the amount in the Trust Account. Net tangible assets will be maintained at a minimum of $5,000,001 upon consummation of our initial business combination.
Your attention is directed to the proxy statement/prospectus accompanying this notice (including the annexes thereto) for a more complete description of the proposed Business Combination and related transactions and each of the Proposals. We encourage you to read this proxy statement/prospectus carefully. If you have any questions or need assistance voting your shares, please call us at (212) 739-7860.
By Order of the Board of Directors
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David Boris Co-Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Vice-President and Director |
, 2018
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F-1 |
ANNEX A | Merger Agreement | |||
ANNEX B | Certificate of Amendment | |||
ANNEX C | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation | |||
ANNEX D | 2018 Equity Incentive Plan | |||
ANNEX E | 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan | |||
ANNEX F | Fairness Opinion of Cassel Salpeter & Co., LLC |
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Unless otherwise stated or unless the context otherwise requires, the terms we, us, our, and Forum refer to Forum Merger Corporation.
In this document:
Board means the board of directors of Forum.
Business Combination means the business combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement.
C1 means C1 Investment Corp. and its subsidiaries, including ConvergeOne, Inc.
C1 Securityholders refers to holders of equity interests in C1 as of the time immediately before the Business Combination.
Charter means Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation as filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 6, 2017.
Class A Common Stock means the Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001, of Forum.
Class F Common Stock means the Class F Common Stock, par value $0.0001, of Forum.
Closing means the closing of the Business Combination.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Combined Entity means Forum after the event in which C1 becomes a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum.
Earnout EBITDA means with respect to any designated period of time, the earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization of Forum and its Subsidiaries (including the Target Companies) on a consolidated basis, for such period, as determined in accordance with the methodology for calculating Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies (as defined in the Merger Agreement)) set forth in that certain term loan agreement, dated as of June 20, 2017, as amended and supplemented through November 30, 2017, by and among, inter alia , Converge One Holdings Corp., C1 Intermediate Corp., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., whether or not such term loan agreement remains in effect as of any date of calculation.
EBC means EarlyBirdCapital, Inc.
Effective Time means the First Merger having become effective pursuant to its terms upon consummation of the Business Combination.
Forum means Forum Merger Corporation.
Forum Common Stock or Common Stock means common stock of Forum, par value $0.0001, including the Class A Common Stock and Class F Common Stock.
Forum IPO means Forums initial public offering.
Founders Shares means Class F Common Stock purchased by Sponsor on December 28, 2016.
Merger Agreement means the Merger Agreement, dated as of November 30, 2017, by and among Forum Merger Corporation, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, C1 Investment Corp and Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P.
PIPE Investment refers to the sale of shares of newly issued Class A Common Stock in a private placement.
Placement Rights means the Rights underlying the Placement Units.
Placement Shares means the Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units.
Placement Units means Units issued in the Private Placement on April 12, 2017 to the Sponsor.
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Placement Warrants means Warrants underlying the Placement Units.
Private Placement means the private placement consummated simultaneously with the Forum IPO in which Forum issued to the Sponsor the Placement Units.
Proposals means the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposals, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal.
Public Rights means Rights underlying the Units issued in the Forum IPO.
Public Shares means Class A Common Stock underlying the Units sold in the Forum IPO.
Public Units means Units issued in the Forum IPO.
Public Warrants means Warrants underlying the Units issued in the Forum IPO.
Redemption means the right of the holders of Class A Common Stock to have their shares redeemed in accordance with the procedures set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Representative Shares means 172,500 shares of Class A Common Stock issued to EBC.
Right means a right to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of Class A Common Stock upon the consummation of an initial business combination.
Special Meeting means the special meeting of the stockholders of Forum, to be held on February 20, 2018 at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time, at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10105.
Sponsor means Forum Investors I, LLC.
Trust Account means the Trust Account of Forum, which holds the net proceeds of the Forum IPO and the sale of the Placement Units, together with interest earned thereon, less amounts released to pay franchise and income tax obligations and up to $100,000 for dissolution expenses.
UPO means an option to purchase up to 1,125,000 Units exercisable at $10.00 per Unit commencing on the later of the first anniversary of the effective date of the Forum IPO registration statement and the consummation of a business combination. The UPO may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, and expires five years from the effective date of the registration statement related to the Forum IPO.
Unit means a unit consisting of one Right, one-half of one Warrant and one share of Class A Common Stock.
Warrants means a warrant to purchase Class A Common Stock. Each whole Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share.
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This Summary Term Sheet, together with the sections titled Questions and Answers About the Proposals and Summary of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, summarize information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus, but do not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should read carefully this entire proxy statement/prospectus, including the attached annexes, for a more complete understanding of the matters to be considered at the Special Meeting. In addition, for definitions of terms commonly used throughout this proxy statement/prospectus, including in this Summary Term Sheet, see the section titled Frequently Used Terms.
Forum
Forum is a special purpose acquisition company formed for purpose of acquiring, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, recapitalization, exchangeable share transaction or other similar business transaction, one or more businesses or assets.
Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to approve and adopt an amendment of Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares for the purposes of carrying out the Business Combination. Please see the section titled Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal .
The Business Combination Proposal
C1 is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. It serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. For more information about C1, see the sections titled Information About C1 and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1.
On November 30, 2017, Forum Merger Corporation ( Forum ), entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement ), by and among Forum, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation ( Merger Sub I ), FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ( Merger Sub II , and together with Merger Sub I, the Merger Subs ) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum, C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation, and Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P. in the capacity as the representative for the securityholders of C1 (the C1 Securityholders ) (the Seller Representative ). Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.
The Agreement provides for a two-step merger: (1) the merger of Merger Sub I with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the surviving corporation (the Surviving Subsidiary ) and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum (the First Merger ) and (2) the merger of the Surviving Subsidiary of the First Merger with and into Merger Sub II, ceasing the separate existence of the Surviving Subsidiary (the Second Merger and together with the First Merger, the Business Combination ). Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving entity in the Second Merger, and Merger Sub II, continuing as the surviving entity, shall then be referred to as the Surviving Entity (the Surviving Entity and, together with Forum, the Combined Entity ). Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, at the effective time of the First Merger (the Effective Time ):
(i) all shares of C1s Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock (the C1 Stock ) issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, will be converted into the right to receive the Total Consideration, with each stockholder of C1 Stock being entitled to receive its Pro Rata Share of the Total Consideration;
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(ii) each outstanding Company Convertible Security (other than Company Options), if not exercised or converted prior to such time, will be cancelled, retired and terminated and cease to represent a right to acquire, be exchanged for or convert into shares of C1 Stock or if exercised prior to such time, will have the resulting shares of C1 Stock issued upon such exercise treated as outstanding shares of C1 Stock; and
(iii) each option to purchase Class A Common Stock that was granted pursuant to the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan (the 2014 Plan , with each such option a Company Option ) that is unvested as of the Effective Time will become fully vested and exercisable as of the Effective Time (each such Company Option subject to such accelerated vesting, an Accelerated Option ). Each Company Option that is outstanding and unexercised as of the Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive, (i) with respect to each share of C1 Stock subject to such Company Option, and without interest, an amount of Merger Consideration equal the Pro Rata Share of the Merger Consideration applicable to such share of C1 Stock subject to such Company Option minus the per-share exercise price of such Company Option and (ii) their Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Consideration (as defined below), each (i) and (ii) as provided in the Merger Agreement; provided, however that in order to receive an installment of the applicable Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Consideration, the holder of a Company Option must be an employee of, or in service to, Forum or the Surviving Entity or their respective subsidiaries, at the time such installment is paid or issued, and must deliver a duly executed option cancellation agreement prior to the Effective Time.
The aggregate consideration to be paid to C1 Securityholders pursuant to the Merger Agreement (subject to certain adjustments as provided therein) will be equal to an amount equal to (i) the Enterprise Value minus (ii) the Closing Indebtedness plus (iii) the Closing Cash, plus (iv) the Net Acquisition Amount (which such amount of merger consideration, for the avoidance of doubt includes Deferred PIPE Closing Amount to be paid after the closing for the Deferred Payment) (the Merger Consideration ) plus the contingent right to receive additional consideration based on the performance of the Combined Entity, during the calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020 (the Earnout Consideration , which together with the Merger Consideration, the Total Consideration ). The Merger Consideration will be paid in the form of: (i) cash ( the Cash Consideration ) from Forum and/or the Target Companies in an amount equal to (A) the total cash and cash equivalents of Forum, including funds from the PIPE Investment and the remaining funds in the Trust Account, after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption (the Forum Cash ), plus (B) the Permitted Closing Cash, minus (C) $25,000,000; (ii) a number of Forum Common Stock, valued at the Redemption Price per share, equal to the (A) Merger Consideration minus (B) the Cash Consideration minus (C) the Deferred Pipe Closing Amount; and (iii) a deferred payment equal to the Deferred Pipe Closing Amount to be paid upon the consummation of the Deferred PIPE Closing.
After the Closing, subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, C1 Securityholders will have the contingent right to receive the Earnout Consideration from the Combined Entity, during the calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020 (each such calendar year, an Earnout Year and such three-year calendar period, the Earnout Period ) if the following requirements are met:
In the event that (i) Earnout EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2018 and using the Measurement Methodologies) exceeds $144,000,000, (ii) Earnout EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2019 and using Measurement Methodologies) exceeds $155,000,000 or (iii) Earnout EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2020 and using Measurement Methodologies) exceeds $165,000,000 (the Earnout Targets ), in each case, at any time during the period beginning on and including the Closing Date and ending on and including December 31, 2020, then for each Earnout Target that is achieved as of a given Measurement Date holders shall receive additional consideration from Forum (a Regular Earnout Payment ) of (A) 3,300,000 Forum Common Stock as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the Closing (an Earnout Stock Payment ) and (B) cash in an amount equal to $33,000,000 (an Earnout Cash Payment ); provided , however , any portion of such Earnout Cash Payment in excess of the Permitted Cash Payment will instead be paid by delivery of a number of additional Forum Common Stock, valued based on Forum Share Price at the time such Earnout Payment is otherwise due.
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Below is a table that shows a representative range of the potential Total Consideration:
Assumes no
earnout |
Assumes
EBITDA exceeds $144M |
Assumes
EBITDA exceeds $155M |
Assumes
EBITDA exceeds $165M |
|||||||||||||
Enterprise Value |
$ | 1,137,000 | $ | 1,137,000 | $ | 1,137,000 | $ | 1,137,000 | ||||||||
Minus: Closing Indebtedness (1) |
(529,925 | ) | (529,925 | ) | (529,925 | ) | (529,925 | ) | ||||||||
Plus: Closing Cash (1) |
9,488 | 9,488 | 9,488 | 9,488 | ||||||||||||
Plus: Net Acquisition Amount (2) |
67,400 | 67,400 | 67,400 | 67,400 | ||||||||||||
Merger Consideration |
683,963 | 683,963 | 683,963 | 683,963 | ||||||||||||
Earnout Consideration |
| 66,330 | 132,660 | 198,990 | ||||||||||||
Total Consideration (3) |
$ | 683,963 | $ | 750,293 | $ | 816,623 | $ | 882,953 |
(1) | Closing Indebtedness and Closing Cash as of September 30, 2017; actual amounts will be as of the date of the Closing. |
(2) | Net Acquisition Amount related to the acquisition of AOS, Inc. on December 15, 2017 includes our estimated transaction costs of $1,500,000. |
(3) | The value of equity consideration issuable at Closing and upon meeting the Earnout Targets is assumed to be $10.10 per share. The number of shares issuable as part of Merger Consideration at Closing shall be based on the final redemption price for the Public Shares. The value of the 3.3 million shares issuable upon meeting each Earnout Target will be based on the market value of the Combined Entitys common stock at such time. |
In the event that the applicable Earnout Target is not met for any Earnout Year, the C1 Securityholders shall not be entitled to receive the Regular Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year; provided, however , the C1 Securityholders will be entitled to receive a Catchup Earnout Payment and/or an Accelerated Earnout Payment upon satisfaction of certain terms and conditions. In the event that after the Closing and during the Earnout Period there is a Change of Control, then any Regular Earnout Payments that have not previously been paid (whether or not previously earned) to the C1 Securityholders shall be deemed earned and due to the C1 Securityholders upon such Change of Control.
Notwithstanding the above provisions, each Earnout Payment otherwise payable to the C1 Securityholders will be reduced by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares (as more fully described below) that become vested in connection with an Earnout Payment by directly reducing each Earnout Stock Payment by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares that have become vested. Further, notwithstanding the above provisions, the allocation of Total Consideration as between the Cash Consideration and Forum Common Stock payable to C1 Securityholders shall be adjusted, by decreasing the Cash Consideration and correspondingly increasing the portion of Total Consideration paid in Forum Common Stock, if and to the extent necessary to ensure that the C1 Securityholders receive sufficient Forum Common Stock such that, when aggregated with Forum Common Stock previously paid as Total Consideration to the C1 Securityholders, the amount of Forum Common Stock is not less than the minimum amount of Forum Common Stock necessary to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code.
In addition to the approval of the Proposals at the Special Meeting, unless waived by the parties to the Merger Agreement, in accordance with applicable law, the closing of the Business Combination is subject to a number of conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement including, among others, receipt of the requisite stockholder approval contemplated by this proxy statement/prospectus. For more information about the closing conditions to the Business Combination, see the section titled Business Combination ProposalConditions to the Closing .
The Merger Agreement may be terminated at any time prior to the Closing of the Business Combination upon agreement of C1 and Forum, or by C1 or Forum acting alone, in specified circumstances. For more information about the termination rights under the Merger Agreement, see the section titled Business Combination ProposalTermination .
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Pursuant to Forums Charter, in connection with the Business Combination, holders of Public Shares may elect to have their shares redeemed for cash at the applicable redemption price per share calculated in accordance with Forums Charter. As of December 31, 2017, the pro rata portion of the funds available in the Trust Account for the Public Shares was approximately $10.15 per share. If a holder exercises its redemption rights in connection with the Business Combination, then such holder will be exchanging its Public Shares for cash and will only own shares of the Combined Entity pursuant to the conversion of the Public Rights. Such a holder will be entitled to receive cash for its Public Shares only if it properly demands redemption and delivers its shares (either physically or electronically) to our transfer agent at least two business days prior to the Special Meeting. Holders of Public Shares may elect to redeem their shares whether or not such shares are voted at the Special Meeting. See the section titled Special Meeting of Forum StockholdersRedemption Rights .
The transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement will be consummated only if the Business Combination Proposal, the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal are approved at the Special Meeting. In addition, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal are conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal (and the Business Combination Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal. The Adjournment Proposal is not conditioned on the approval of any other proposal set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The Combined Entitys board of directors will increase to ten members upon the Closing of the Business Combination. In accordance with the Amended Charter to be filed, immediately after the Closing of the Business Combination, the board of directors will be divided into three classes. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following the election.
The Business Combination involves numerous risks. For more information about these risks, see the section titled Risk Factors .
The Escrow Amendment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to approve the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, dated November 30, 2017, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company to release 4,312,500 Founders Shares from escrow to: (i) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (ii) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (iii) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon the Closing of the Business Combination. Please see the section titled The Escrow Amendment Proposal .
The Nasdaq Proposal
In connection with the Business Combination, on November 30, 2017, Forum entered into subscription agreements (the Subscription Agreements ) whereby the investors named therein committed to purchase 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $143,675,000 (the PIPE Investment ). The PIPE Investment was predicated on (i) the Sponsors agreement to cancel 1,078,125 Founder Shares immediately upon the Closing of the Business Combination; (ii) the Sponsors agreement to subject 2,156,250 Founder Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by the Combined Entity; and (iii) C1s agreement to reduce the Merger Consideration by 499,752 shares of Forum Common Stock. In the aggregate, the expected beneficial ownership of the Sponsor and the C1 Securityholders at the Closing was reduced by 3,734,127 shares of Forum Common Stock at an assumed value of $10.10 per share to incentivize the prospective investors to commit to the PIPE Investment. The result was the issuance of 14,225,248 incremental
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shares to the investors in the PIPE Investment for an aggregate purchase price of $143,675,000 (and an aggregate issuance of 17,959,375 shares to the investors in the PIPE Investment).
The closing of the PIPE Investment is subject to certain conditions, including there being no Material Adverse Change (as such term is defined in the Merger Agreement) with respect to Forum or C1, and all conditions to the Business Combination, including the approval of Forums stockholders, having been satisfied or waived. Upon notice from Forum to the investors who executed the Subscription Agreements that Forum reasonably expects all closing conditions of the Business Combination to be satisfied or waived, the investors will have no less than five business days to fund their committed investment. The closing of the PIPE shall occur on the date of, and immediately prior to, the consummation of the Business Combination.
The issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Subscription Agreements in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination exceeds 20% of Forums issued and outstanding Common Stock. To comply with the Nasdaq Listing Rules applicable to Forum, stockholders are being asked to approve the issuance of the Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment pursuant to the Nasdaq Proposal. Please see the section titled The Nasdaq Proposal .
The Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to approve and adopt, subject to and conditional on (but with immediate effect therefrom) approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal and the consummation of the Business Combination, an amendment and restatement of Forums Charter, as set out in the draft amended and restated version of Forums Charter appended to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex C (the Amended Charter ), for the following:
| to divide the Combined Entitys board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms; |
| to provide that any amendment to provisions of the Charter will require approval of the holders of a majority of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter any such amendment will require the approval of the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| to provide that the Combined Entity opts out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; |
| to provide that we may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder (which excludes Clearlake and any of their direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons) for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (1) prior to the date of the transaction, the Combined Entitys board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (2) the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the Combined Entitys voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (x) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (y) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or (3) on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the Combined Entitys board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder; |
| to provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; |
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| to provide that, subject to the limitations imposed by applicable law, directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as Clearlake, which, together with its affiliates and related persons, holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter only with cause by the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| to provide that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| to amend the name of the new public entity to ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. from Forum Merger Corporation; |
| to reclassify all shares of Class A common stock as Common Stock; |
| to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock to 1,000,000,000 shares; |
| to increase the authorized shares of blank check preferred stock that the Combined Entitys board of directors could issue to discourage a takeover attempt to 10,000,000 shares; and |
| to make the Combined Entitys corporate existence perpetual as opposed to Forums corporate existence terminating 24 months following the closing if its initial public offering and to remove from the Combined Entitys Charter the various provisions applicable only to specified purpose acquisition corporations contained in Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation. |
The Incentive Plan Proposal
Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve and adopt the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan of the Combined Entity (the Equity Incentive Plan ), which will become effective upon the Closing of the Business Combination and have the following principal features:
| Types of Awards : The Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, or ISOs, nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance-based stock awards, and other forms of equity compensation, or collectively, stock awards, all of which may be granted to employees, including officers, non-employee directors and consultants of the Combined Entity and its affiliates. Additionally, the Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of performance cash awards. ISOs may be granted only to employees. All other awards may be granted to employees, including officers, and to non-employee directors and consultants. |
| Shares Available for Awards : Initially, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to stock awards under the Equity Incentive Plan after the Equity Incentive Plan becomes effective will not exceed 10,000,000 shares. Additionally, the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2019 (assuming the Equity Incentive Plan becomes effective before such date) and continuing through and including January 1, 2028, by 4.0% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or a lesser number of shares determined by the board of directors. |
| Non-Employee Director Compensation : The maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan or any other equity plan maintained by the Combined Entity during any single fiscal year to any non-employee director, taken together with any cash fees paid to the director during the year, will not exceed $600,000 in total value, or $900,000 for the year in which a non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the Combined Entitys board of directors. |
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| Performance Awards : The Equity Incentive Plan permits the grant of performance-based stock and cash awards. The Plan Administrator can structure such awards so that stock or cash will be issued or paid pursuant to such award only after the achievement of certain performance goals during a designated performance period. |
A summary of the Equity Incentive Plan is set forth in the The Incentive Plan Proposal section of this proxy statement/prospectus and a complete copy of the Equity Incentive Plan is attached hereto as Annex D .
The ESPP Proposal
Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve and adopt the 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan of the Combined Entity (the ESPP ), which will become effective upon the Closing of the Business Combination and have the following principal features:
| Types of Awards : The ESPP provides a means by which the Combined Entitys employees may be given an opportunity to purchase shares of Common Stock following the closing of the Business Combination. The rights to purchase Common Stock granted under the ESPP are intended to qualify as options issued under an employee stock purchase plan as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code. |
| Shares Subject to ESPP : Initially, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP is 1,500,000 shares. Additionally, the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2019 (assuming the ESPP becomes effective before such date) and continuing through and including January 1, 2028, by the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, (ii) 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock; or (iii) a lesser number of shares determined by the Combined Entitys board of directors. |
| Purchase of Shares; Offerings : The ESPP will be implemented by offerings of rights to purchase Common Stock to all eligible employees. The board of directors of the Combined Entity (or its compensation committee) will determine the duration of each offering period, provided that in no event may an offering period exceed 27 months. Each offering period will have one or more purchase dates, as determined by the Combined Entitys board or compensation committee prior to the commencement of the offering period, and may allow eligible employees to purchase shares of common stock at a default purchase price of 95% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date; provided that the Combined Entitys board or compensation committee may determine a different purchase price prior to the start of an offering period and provided that the purchase price may not be less than the lower of (i) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date. |
A summary of the ESPP is set forth in the The ESPP Proposal section of this proxy statement/prospectus and a complete copy of the ESPP is attached hereto as Annex E .
Recommendations to Stockholders
Forums board of directors believes that the Proposals to be presented at the Special Meeting are in the best interests of Forum and its stockholders and unanimously recommends that Forum stockholders vote FOR the Proposals.
The Adjournment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to consider and vote upon a proposal to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates if, based upon the tabulated vote at the time of the Special Meeting, there are not sufficient votes to approve the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow
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Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, or the ESPP Proposal. Please see the section titled The Adjournment Proposal .
In considering the recommendation of Forums board of directors to vote FOR the Proposals presented at the Special Meeting, you should be aware that our executive officers and members of our board of directors have interests in the Business Combination that are different from, or in addition to, the interests of our stockholders generally. The members of Forums board of directors were aware of these differing interests and considered them, among other matters, in evaluating and negotiating the transaction agreements and in recommending to our stockholders that they vote in favor of the proposals presented at the Special Meeting. For a description of these interests see The Business Combination ProposalInterests of Forums Directors and Officers and Others in the Business Combination .
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QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ABOUT THE PROPOSALS
The following questions and answers briefly address some commonly asked questions about the proposals to be presented at the Special Meeting of Forum stockholders. The following questions and answers do not include all the information that is important to stockholders of Forum. We urge the stockholders of Forum to read carefully this entire proxy statement/prospectus, including the annexes and other documents referred to herein.
Q. | Why am I receiving this proxy statement/prospectus? |
A. | Forum stockholders are being asked to consider and vote upon a proposal to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement, among other proposals. Forum has entered into the Merger Agreement as a result of which C1 will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum. Subject to the terms of the Merger Agreement and customary adjustments set forth therein, the aggregate purchase price for the Business Combination and related transactions is expected to be approximately $1,137,000,000 of cash, equity consideration, and assumed indebtedness. We refer to such aggregate amount as the Aggregate Purchase Price . A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A . |
This proxy statement/prospectus and its annexes contain important information about the proposed Business Combination and the other matters to be acted upon at the Special Meeting. You should read this proxy statement/prospectus and its annexes carefully and in their entirety.
Your vote is important. You are encouraged to submit your proxy as soon as possible after carefully reviewing this proxy statement/prospectus and its annexes.
Below are proposals on which Forum stockholders are being asked to vote.
(1) | Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal To approve and adopt an amendment of Forums Charter to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares for the purposes of carrying out the Business Combination. |
(2) | The Business Combination Proposal To approve and adopt the Merger Agreement by and among Forum, the Merger Subs, C1 and the Seller Representative, and approve the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Business Combination, as a result of which C1 will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum and all the outstanding shares of C1 Stock will be exchanged for shares of Forum Common Stock; |
(3) | The Escrow Amendment Proposal To approve the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, dated November 30, 2017, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release 4,312,500 Founders Shares from escrow to: (i) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (ii) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (iii) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
(4) | Nasdaq Proposal To approve, for purposes of complying with the Nasdaq Listing Rule, the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Subscription Agreements in the PIPE Investment in connection with the Business Combination; |
(5) | Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal To approve and adopt an amendment and restatement of Forums Charter, as set out in the draft Amended Charter appended to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex C for the following: |
(a) | to divide the Combined Entitys board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms; |
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(b) | to provide that any amendment to provisions of the amended and restated Charter will require approval of the holders of a majority of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter any such amendment will require the approval of the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(c) | to provide that the Combined Entity opts out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; |
(d) | to provide that we may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder (which excludes Clearlake and any of their direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons) for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (1) prior to the date of the transaction, the Combined Entitys board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (2) the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the Combined Entitys voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (x) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (y) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or (3) on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the Combined Entitys board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder; |
(e) | to provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended; |
(f) | to provide that, subject to the limitations imposed by applicable law, directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as Clearlake, which, together with its affiliates and related persons, holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter only with cause by the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(g) | to provide that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
(h) | to amend the name of the new public entity to Converge One, Inc. from Forum Merger Corporation; |
(i) | to reclassify all shares of Class A Common Stock as Common Stock; |
(j) | to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock to 1,000,000,000 shares; |
(k) | to increase the authorized shares of blank check preferred stock that the Combined Entitys board of directors could issue to discourage a takeover attempt to 10,000,000 shares; and |
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(l) | to make the Combined Entitys corporate existence perpetual as opposed to Forums corporate existence terminating 24 months following the closing if its initial public offering and to remove from the Combined Entitys Charter the various provisions applicable only to specified purpose acquisition corporations contained in Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation. |
(6) | Incentive Plan Proposal To approve and adopt, the Equity Incentive Plan, a copy of which is attached to the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus as Annex D ; |
(7) | ESPP Proposal To approve and adopt, the ESPP, a copy of which is attached to the accompanying proxy statement/prospectus as Annex E ; and |
(8) | The Adjournment Proposal To consider and vote upon a proposal to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates if, based upon the tabulated vote at the time of the Special Meeting, there are not sufficient votes to approve the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal or the ESPP Proposal. |
Q: | Are the proposals conditioned on one another? |
A: | Unless the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment and the Business Combination Proposal are approved, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal will not be presented to the stockholders of Forum at the Special Meeting. The Adjournment Proposal is not conditioned on the approval of any other proposal set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus. It is important for you to note that in the event that the Business Combination Proposal does not receive the requisite vote for approval, then we will not consummate the Business Combination. If Forum does not consummate the Business Combination and fails to complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, Forum will be required to dissolve and liquidate its Trust Account by returning the then remaining funds in such account to its public stockholders. |
Q: | What will happen in the Business Combination? |
A: | At the Closing, Merger Sub I will merge with and into C1, with C1 surviving such merger, and the Surviving Entity will merge into Merger Sub II, as a result of which C1 Securityholders will receive shares of Forum. Upon consummation of the Business Combination, C1 will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum. In connection with the Business Combination, the cash held in the Trust Account and the proceeds from the PIPE Investment will be used to pay the Cash Consideration in connection with the Business Combination, and for working capital and general corporate purposes. A copy of the Merger Agreement is attached to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex A . |
Q: | What equity stake will current stockholders of the Company and C1 Securityholders hold in the Combined Entity after the Closing? |
A: |
It is anticipated that, upon the completion of the Business Combination, Forums public stockholders (other than the PIPE Investment investors but including EBC) will retain an ownership interest of approximately 26.0% in the Combined Entity, the PIPE Investment investors will own approximately 24.4% of the Combined Entity (such that public stockholders, including PIPE Investment investors, will own approximately 50.4% of the Combined Entity), the Sponsor will retain an ownership interest of approximately 5.3% in the Combined Entity and the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 44.3% of the outstanding common stock of the Combined Entity. These relative percentages reflect the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Class A Common Stock at the Closing and the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock to the PIPE Investors. The ownership percentage with respect to the Combined Entity following the Business Combination does not take into account (i) the redemption of any shares by Forums public stockholders, and (ii) the exercise of |
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the UPO or the Warrants outstanding following the Business Combination. If the actual facts are different than these assumptions (which they are likely to be), the percentage ownership retained by Forums existing stockholders in the Combined Entity will be different. |
See the section titled Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information for further information.
Q: | What conditions must be satisfied to complete the Business Combination? |
A: | There are a number of closing conditions in the Merger Agreement, including the approval by the stockholders of Forum of the Business Combination Proposal, the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Provision, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal. The Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal are subject to and conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal. The Business Combination Proposal is subject to and conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal. For a summary of the conditions that must be satisfied or waived prior to the Closing of the Business Combination, see the section titled The Business Combination ProposalThe Merger Agreement . |
Q: | Why is Forum providing stockholders with the opportunity to vote on the Business Combination? |
A: | Under its Charter, Forum must provide all holders of its Public Shares with the opportunity to have their Public Shares redeemed upon the consummation of Forums initial business combination either in conjunction with a tender offer or in conjunction with a stockholder vote. For business and other reasons, Forum has elected to provide its stockholders with the opportunity to have their Public Shares redeemed in connection with a stockholder vote rather than a tender offer. Therefore, Forum is seeking to obtain the approval of its stockholders of the Business Combination Proposal in order to allow its public stockholders to effectuate redemptions of their Public Shares in connection with the Closing of the Business Combination. |
Q: | Are there any arrangements to help ensure that the Company will have sufficient funds, together with the proceeds in its Trust Account, to fund the Aggregate Purchase Price? |
A: | Yes. On November 30, 2017, Forum entered into Subscription Agreements with the investors named therein providing for the issuance by Forum of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock in a private placement, subject to certain conditions, including that all conditions precedent to the Closing of the Business Combination will have been satisfied or waived (other than those conditions are to be satisfied at Closing) for gross proceeds to Forum of $143,675,000. |
To the extent not utilized to consummate the Business Combination, the proceeds from the Trust Account and PIPE Investment will be used to pay any loans owed by Forum to its Sponsor for any Forum transaction expenses or other administrative expenses incurred by Forum, to pay all unpaid transaction expenses and any remainder will be used to pay the Cash Consideration and for general corporate purposes, including, but not limited to, working capital for operations, capital expenditures and future acquisitions.
Q: | How many votes do I have at the Special Meeting? |
A: | Forum stockholders are entitled to one vote at the Special Meeting for each share of Forum Common Stock held of record as of February 1, 2018, the record date for the Special Meeting (the Record Date ). As of the close of business on the Record Date, there were 22,357,500 outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock. |
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Q: | What vote is required to approve the proposals presented at the Special Meeting? |
A: | The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date. Accordingly, a Forum stockholders failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal. |
Our Sponsor, directors and officers have agreed to vote their shares in favor of the Business Combination Proposal. As a result, we would need only 6,071,251, or approximately 35.2%, of the 17,250,000 Public Shares, to be voted in favor of the Business Combination in order to have the Business Combination approved (assuming that the 172,500 Representative Shares held by EBC are voted in favor of the Business Combination).
The approval of the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal each require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Forum Common Stock cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting. A Forum stockholders failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting will not be counted towards the number of shares of Forum Common Stock required to validly establish a quorum, and if a valid quorum is otherwise established, it will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and Adjournment Proposal.
If the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal and the Business Combination Proposal are not approved, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal will not be presented to the Forum stockholders for a vote. The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal are preconditions to the consummation of the Business Combination.
Q: | May Forum, the Sponsor or Forums directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates purchase shares in connection with the Business Combination? |
A: | Stephen Vogel, Forums Executive Chairman, and family members, have agreed to purchase an aggregate of $7.875 million of Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment. In addition, Neil Goldberg and Richard Katzman, directors of Forum, have agreed to purchase $2.5 million and $1 million, respectively, in the PIPE Investment. In connection with the stockholder vote to approve the proposed Business Combination, the Sponsor, directors, officers or advisors or their respective affiliates may privately negotiate transactions to purchase shares from stockholders who would have otherwise elected to have their shares redeemed in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules for a per-share pro rata portion of the Trust Account. None of Forums Sponsor, directors, officers or advisors or their respective affiliates will make any such purchases when they are in possession of any material non-public information not disclosed to the seller or during a restricted period under Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Such a purchase would include a contractual acknowledgement that such stockholder, although still the record holder of Forum shares, is no longer the beneficial owner thereof and therefore agrees not to exercise its redemption rights, and could include a contractual provision that directs such stockholder to vote such shares in a manner directed by the purchaser. In the event that the Sponsor, directors, officers or advisors or their affiliates purchase shares in privately negotiated transactions from public stockholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights, such selling stockholders would be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their shares. Any such privately negotiated purchases may be effected at purchase prices that are below or in excess of the per-share pro rata portion of the Trust Account. |
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Q: | What constitutes a quorum at the Special Meeting? |
A: | Holders of a majority in voting power of Forum Common Stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the Special Meeting constitute a quorum. In the absence of a quorum, the chairman of the meeting has power to adjourn the Special Meeting. As of the Record Date, 11,178,751 shares of Forum Common Stock would be required to achieve a quorum. |
Q: | How will the Sponsor, directors and officers vote? |
A: | The Sponsor, as Forums initial stockholder, has agreed to vote its Founders Shares and Placement Shares (as well as any Public Shares purchased during or after the Forum IPO) in favor of the initial business combination, including the Business Combination. EBC has also agreed to vote their Representative Shares in favor of the initial business combination, including the Business Combination. Accordingly, if Forum seeks stockholder approval of its initial business combination, it is more likely that the necessary stockholder approval will be received than would be the case if the Sponsor agreed to vote their Founders Shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by Forums public stockholders. |
As a result, we would need only 6,071,251, or approximately 35.2%, of the 17,250,000 Public Shares, to be voted in favor of the Business Combination in order to have the Business Combination approved (assuming that the 172,500 Representative Shares held by EBC are voted in favor of the Business Combination). |
Q: | What interests do Forums current officers and directors have in the Business Combination? |
A: | The Sponsor, members of Forums board of directors and its executive officers have interests in the Business Combination that are different from or in addition to (and which may conflict with) your interest. These interests include: |
| unless Forum consummates an initial business combination, Forums officers, directors and the Sponsor will not receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount of available proceeds not deposited in the Trust Account; |
| as a condition to the Forum IPO, all of the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the consummation of an initial business combination with ability to release 50% of the Founders Shares immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, Forum, the Sponsor, C1 and Clearlake entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release all of the Founders Shares held by the Sponsor from escrow to: (a) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (b) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (c) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the Placement Units, including the Placement Shares, Placement Rights and Placement Warrants, purchased by the Sponsor will be worthless if a business combination is not consummated; |
| the Sponsor has agreed that the Placement Units, and all of their underlying securities, will not be sold or transferred by it until 30 days after Forum has completed a business combination, subject to limited exceptions; |
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| the fact that Sponsor paid an aggregate of $25,000 for its Founders Shares and such securities will have a significantly higher value at the time of the Business Combination; |
| the fact that Sponsor has agreed not to redeem any of the Founders Shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination; |
| if Forum does not complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Units will be included in the liquidating distribution to Forums public stockholders and the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants will expire worthless; and |
| if the Trust Account is liquidated, including in the event Forum is unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period, the Sponsor has agreed to indemnify Forum to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per Public Share by the claims of prospective target businesses with which Forum has entered into an acquisition agreement or claims of any third party for services rendered or products sold to Forum, but only if such a vendor or target business has not executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account. |
These interests may influence Forums directors in making their recommendation that you vote in favor of the approval of the Business Combination.
Q: | What happens if I sell my shares of Class A Common Stock before the Special Meeting? |
A: | The Record Date is earlier than the date of the Special Meeting. If you transfer your shares of Common Stock after the Record Date, but before the Special Meeting, unless the transferee obtains from you a proxy to vote those shares, you will retain your right to vote at the Special Meeting. However, you will not be able to seek redemption of your shares because you will no longer be able to deliver them for cancellation upon consummation of the Business Combination in accordance with the provisions described herein. If you transfer your shares of Class A Common Stock prior to the Record Date, you will have no right to vote those shares at the Special Meeting. |
Q: | What happens if I vote against the Business Combination Proposal? |
A: | Pursuant to Forums Charter, if the Business Combination Proposal is not approved and Forum does not otherwise consummate an alternative business combination by April 12, 2019, Forum will be required to dissolve and liquidate its Trust Account by returning the then remaining funds in such account to the public stockholders. |
Q: | Do I have redemption rights? |
A: | Pursuant to Forums Charter, holders of Public Shares may elect to have their shares redeemed for cash at the applicable redemption price per share calculated in accordance with Forums Charter. As of December 31, 2017, based on funds in the Trust Account of approximately $175.4 million, this would have amounted to approximately $10.15 per share. If a holder exercises its redemption rights, then such holder will be exchanging its shares of Forum Common Stock for cash and will only hold shares of Class A Common Stock of the Combined Entity issued pursuant to the conversion of the Public Rights. Such a holder will be entitled to receive cash for its Public Shares only if it properly demands redemption and delivers its shares (either physically or electronically) to Forums transfer agent prior to the Special Meeting. See the section titled Special Meeting of Forum StockholdersRedemption Rights for the procedures to be followed if you wish to redeem your shares for cash. |
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Q: | Will how I vote affect my ability to exercise redemption rights? |
A: | No. You may exercise your redemption rights whether or not you affirmatively vote your shares of Forum Common Stock FOR or AGAINST the Business Combination Proposal or abstain from voting on the Business Combination Proposal or any other proposal described by this proxy statement/prospectus. As a result, the Merger Agreement can be approved by stockholders who will redeem their shares and no longer remain stockholders, leaving stockholders who choose not to redeem their shares holding shares in a company with a potentially less liquid trading market, fewer stockholders, potentially less cash and the potential inability to meet the listing standards of Nasdaq. |
Q: | How do I exercise my redemption rights? |
A: | In order to exercise your redemption rights, you must, prior to 5:00 p.m., Eastern time, on February 15, 2018 (two (2) business days before the Special Meeting), tender your shares physically or electronically and submit a request in writing that we redeem your Public Shares for cash to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, our transfer agent, at the following address: |
Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company
One State Street Plaza, 30 th Floor
New York, New York 10004
Attn: Mark Zimkind
E-mail: mzimkind@continentalstock.com
Please also affirmatively certify in your request to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company for redemption if you ARE or ARE NOT acting in concert or as a group (as defined in Section 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) with any other stockholder with respect to shares of Common Stock. A holder of the Public Shares, together with any affiliate of his or any other person with whom he is acting in concert or as a group (as defined in Section 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) will be restricted from seeking redemption rights with respect to an aggregate of 20% or more of the Public Shares, which we refer to as the 20% threshold. Accordingly, all Public Shares in excess of the 20% threshold beneficially owned by a public stockholder or group will not be redeemed for cash.
Stockholders seeking to exercise their redemption rights and opting to deliver physical certificates should allot sufficient time to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent and time to effect delivery. It is Forums understanding that stockholders should generally allot at least two weeks to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent. However, Forum does not have any control over this process and it may take longer than two weeks. Stockholders who hold their shares in street name will have to coordinate with their bank, broker or other nominee to have the shares certificated or delivered electronically.
Any demand for redemption, once made, may be withdrawn at any time until the deadline for exercising redemption requests and thereafter, with Forums consent, until the vote is taken with respect to the Business Combination. If you delivered your shares for redemption to Forums transfer agent and decide within the required timeframe not to exercise your redemption rights, you may request that Forums transfer agent return the shares (physically or electronically). You may make such request by contacting Forums transfer agent at the phone number or address listed under the question Who can help answer my questions? below.
Q: | What are the federal income tax consequences of exercising my redemption rights? |
A: |
Forum stockholders who exercise their redemption rights to receive cash in exchange for their shares of Common Stock generally will be required to treat the transaction as a sale of such shares and recognize gain or loss upon the redemption in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount of cash received and the tax basis of the shares of Common Stock redeemed. Such gain or loss should be treated as |
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capital gain or loss if such shares were held as a capital asset on the date of the redemption. The redemption, however, may be treated as a distribution to a redeeming stockholder for U.S. federal income tax purposes if the redemption does not effect a sufficient reduction (as determined under applicable federal income tax law) in the redeeming stockholders percentage ownership in us (whether such ownership is direct or through the application of certain attribution and constructive ownership rules). Any amounts treated as such a distribution will constitute a dividend to the extent not in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits as measured for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Any amounts treated as a distribution and that are in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits will reduce the redeeming stockholders basis in his or her redeemed shares of our Common Stock, and any remaining amount will be treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of our Common Stock. These tax consequences are described in more detail in the section titled The Business Combination Proposal Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Redemption . We urge you to consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of exercising your redemption rights. |
Q: | If I am a Warrant or Right holder, can I exercise redemption rights with respect to my Warrants or Rights? |
A: | No. The holders of Warrants and Rights have no redemption rights with respect to Warrants or Rights. |
Q: | If I am a Unit holder, can I exercise redemption rights with respect to my Units? |
A: | No. Holders of outstanding Units must separate the underlying Public Shares, Public Rights and Public Warrants prior to exercising redemption rights with respect to the Public Shares. |
If you hold Units registered in your own name, you must deliver the certificate for such Units to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, our transfer agent, with written instructions to separate such Units into Public Shares, Public Rights and Public Warrants. This must be completed far enough in advance to permit the mailing of the Public Share certificates back to you so that you may then exercise your redemption rights upon the separation of the Public Shares from the Units. See How do I exercise my redemption rights? above. The address of Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company is listed under the question Who can help answer my questions? below.
If a broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee holds your units, you must instruct such nominee to separate your Units. Your nominee must send written instructions by facsimile to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, our transfer agent. Such written instructions must include the number of Units to be split and the nominee holding such Units. Your nominee must also initiate electronically, using DTCs deposit withdrawal at custodian (DWAC) system, a withdrawal of the relevant units and a deposit of an equal number of Public Shares, Public Rights and Public Warrants. This must be completed far enough in advance to permit your nominee to exercise your redemption rights upon the separation of the Public Shares from the Units. While this is typically done electronically the same business day, you should allow at least one full business day to accomplish the separation. If you fail to cause your Public Shares to be separated in a timely manner, you will likely not be able to exercise your redemption rights.
Q: | Do I have appraisal rights if I object to the proposed Business Combination? |
A: | No. There are no appraisal rights available to holders of Forum Common Stock in connection with the Business Combination. |
Q: | What happens to the funds held in the Trust Account upon consummation of the Business Combination? |
A: | If the Business Combination is consummated, the funds held in the Trust Account will be released to pay: |
| a portion of the Merger Consideration pursuant to the Merger Agreement; |
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| Forum stockholders who properly exercise their redemption rights; |
| $4,528,125 Business Combination marketing fees to EBC in connection with the Business Combination (this reflects the waiver by EBC of 25% of such fees); |
| certain other fees, costs and expenses (including regulatory fees, legal fees, accounting fees, printer fees, and other professional fees) that were incurred by Forum or C1 in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination and pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement; |
| any loans owed by Forum to its Sponsor for any Forum transaction expenses or other administrative expenses incurred by Forum; and |
| for general corporate purposes including, but not limited to, working capital for operations. |
Q: | What happens if the Business Combination is not consummated? |
A: | There are certain circumstances under which the Merger Agreement may be terminated. See the section titled The Business Combination ProposalThe Merger Agreement for information regarding the parties specific termination rights. |
If, as a result of the termination of the Merger Agreement or otherwise, Forum is unable to complete the Business Combination or another initial business combination transaction by April 12, 2019, Forums Charter provides that it will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible, subject to lawfully available funds therefor, redeem 100% of the Public Shares in consideration of a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (A) the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to it to pay franchise and income taxes payable and up to $100,000 for dissolution expenses, by (B) the total number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish rights of the public stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemptions, subject to the approval of the remaining stockholders and the board of directors in accordance with applicable law, dissolve and liquidate, subject (in the case of (ii) and (iii) above) to its obligations under the Delaware General Corporation Law ( DGCL ) to provide for claims of creditors and other requirements of applicable law.
Forum expects that the amount of any distribution its public stockholders will be entitled to receive upon its dissolution will be approximately the same as the amount they would have received if they had redeemed their shares in connection with the Business Combination, subject in each case to Forums obligations under the DGCL to provide for claims of creditors and other requirements of applicable law. Holders of Founders Shares and Representative Shares have waived any right to any liquidation distribution with respect to those shares.
In the event of liquidation, there will be no distribution with respect to Forums outstanding Warrants or Rights. Accordingly, the Warrants and Rights will expire worthless.
Q: | When is the Business Combination expected to be completed? |
A: | The Closing is expected to take place (a) the second business day following the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions described below under the section titled The Business Combination ProposalConditions to the Closing or (b) such other date as agreed to by the parties to the Merger Agreement in writing, in each case, subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the Closing conditions. The Merger Agreement may be terminated by either Forum or C1 if the Closing has not occurred by March 31, 2018, subject to certain exceptions. |
For a description of the conditions to the completion of the Business Combination, see the section titled The Business Combination Proposal .
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Q: | What do I need to do now? |
A: | You are urged to read carefully and consider the information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus, including the annexes, and to consider how the Business Combination will affect you as a stockholder. You should then vote as soon as possible in accordance with the instructions provided in this proxy statement/prospectus and on the enclosed proxy card or, if you hold your shares through a brokerage firm, bank or other nominee, on the voting instruction form provided by the broker, bank or nominee. |
Q: | How do I vote? |
A: | If you were a holder of record of Forum Common Stock on February 1, 2018, the Record Date, you may vote with respect to the Proposals in person at the Special Meeting, or by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided. If you hold your shares in street name, which means your shares are held of record by a broker, bank or other nominee, you should follow the instructions provided by your broker, bank or nominee to ensure that votes related to the shares you beneficially own are properly counted. In this regard, you must provide the record holder of your shares with instructions on how to vote your shares or, if you wish to attend the Special Meeting and vote in person, obtain a proxy from your broker, bank or nominee. |
Q: | What will happen if I abstain from voting or fail to vote at the Special Meeting? |
A: | At the Special Meeting, Forum will count a properly executed proxy marked ABSTAIN with respect to a particular proposal as present for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present. Abstentions will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal. Abstentions will have no effect on the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal or the ESPP Proposal. Broker non-votes will not be counted as present for the purposes of establishing a quorum and will have no effect on any of the Proposals. |
Q: | What will happen if I sign and return my proxy card without indicating how I wish to vote? |
A: | Signed and dated proxies received by Forum without an indication of how the stockholder intends to vote on a proposal will be voted FOR each proposal presented to the stockholders. The proxyholders may use their discretion to vote on any other matters which properly come before the Special Meeting. |
Q: | If I am not going to attend the Special Meeting in person, should I return my proxy card instead? |
A: | Yes. Whether you plan to attend the Special Meeting or not, please read the enclosed proxy statement/prospectus carefully, and vote your shares by completing, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card in the postage-paid envelope provided. |
Q: | If my shares are held in street name, will my broker, bank or nominee automatically vote my shares for me? |
A: | No. Under the rules of various national and regional securities exchanges, your broker, bank or nominee cannot vote your shares with respect to non-discretionary matters unless you provide instructions on how to vote in accordance with the information and procedures provided to you by your broker, bank or nominee. Forum believes the proposals presented to the stockholders will be considered non-discretionary and therefore your broker, bank or nominee cannot vote your shares without your instruction. Your bank, broker or other nominee can vote your shares only if you provide instructions on how to vote. You should instruct your broker to vote your shares in accordance with directions you provide. |
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Q: | May I change my vote after I have mailed my signed proxy card? |
A: | Yes. You may change your vote by sending a later-dated, signed proxy card to Forums secretary at the address listed below so that it is received by Forums secretary prior to the Special Meeting or attend the Special Meeting in person and vote. You also may revoke your proxy by sending a notice of revocation to Forums secretary, which must be received by Forums secretary prior to the Special Meeting. |
Q: | What should I do if I receive more than one set of voting materials? |
A: | You may receive more than one set of voting materials, including multiple copies of this proxy statement/prospectus and multiple proxy cards or voting instruction cards. For example, if you hold your shares in more than one brokerage account, you will receive a separate voting instruction card for each brokerage account in which you hold shares. If you are a holder of record and your shares are registered in more than one name, you will receive more than one proxy card. Please complete, sign, date and return each proxy card and voting instruction card that you receive in order to cast your vote with respect to all of your shares. |
Q: | Who will solicit and pay the cost of soliciting proxies? |
A: | Forum will pay the cost of soliciting proxies for the Special Meeting. Forum has engaged Morrow Sodali LLC, which we refer to as Morrow, to assist in the solicitation of proxies for the Special Meeting. Forum has agreed to pay Morrow a fee of $22,500, plus disbursements. Forum will reimburse Morrow for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses and will indemnify Morrow and its affiliates against certain claims, liabilities, losses, damages and expenses. Forum will also reimburse banks, brokers and other custodians, nominees and fiduciaries representing beneficial owners of shares of Forum Common Stock for their expenses in forwarding soliciting materials to beneficial owners of the Forum Common Stock and in obtaining voting instructions from those owners. Forums directors, officers and employees may also solicit proxies by telephone, by facsimile, by mail, on the Internet or in person. They will not be paid any additional amounts for soliciting proxies. |
Q: | Who can help answer my questions? |
A: | If you have questions about the proposals or if you need additional copies of this proxy statement/prospectus or the enclosed proxy card you should contact: |
David Boris
Forum Merger Corporation
c/o Forum Investors I, LLC
135 East 57 th Street
8 th Floor
New York, New York 10022
Tel: (212) 739-7860
E-mail: david@forummerger.com
You may also contact our proxy solicitor at:
Morrow Sodali LLC
470 West Avenue
Stamford, CT 06902
Tel: (800) 662-5200 or (203) 658-9400 (banks and brokers)
Email: FMCI.info@morrowsodali.com
To obtain timely delivery, Forum stockholders must request the materials no later than February 13, 2018.
You may also obtain additional information about Forum from documents filed with the SEC by following the instructions in the section titled Where You Can Find More Information .
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If you intend to seek redemption of your Public Shares, you will need to send a letter demanding redemption and deliver your stock (either physically or electronically) to Forums transfer agent prior to the Special Meeting in accordance with the procedures detailed under the question How do I exercise my redemption rights? If you have questions regarding the certification of your position or delivery of your stock, please contact:
Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company
One State Street Plaza, 30th Floor
New York, New York 10004
Attn: Mark Zimkind
E-mail: mzimkind@continentalstock.com
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SUMMARY OF THE PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS
This summary, together with the section entitled, Questions and Answers About the Proposals summarizes certain information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus and may not contain all of the information that is important to you. To better understand the Business Combination and the Proposals to be considered at the Special Meeting, you should read this entire proxy statement/prospectus carefully, including the annexes. See also the section titled Where You Can Find More Information.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this Summary of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus to the Combined Entity refer to Forum and its consolidated subsidiaries after giving effect to the Business Combination. References to the Company or Forum refer to Forum Merger Corporation.
Unless otherwise specified, all share calculations assume no exercise of redemption rights by the Companys public stockholders and do not include any shares of Forum Common Stock issuable upon the exercise of the Warrants.
Parties to the Business Combination
Forum Merger Corporation
Forum is a special purpose acquisition company formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. Forum Common Stock, Units, Rights and Warrants are currently listed on Nasdaq under the symbols FMCI, FMCIU, FMCIR and FMCIW, respectively. The mailing address of Forums principal executive officer is 135 East 57 th Street, New York, New York 10022.
Merger Sub I
Merger Sub I is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum, formed on November 27, 2017 to consummate the Business Combination. Following the Business Combination, C1 will merge with Merger Sub with C1 surviving the merger. As a result, C1 will become a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum.
Merger Sub II
Merger Sub II is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum, formed on November 27, 2017 to consummate the Business Combination. Following the Business Combination and the first merger of Merger Sub I, the surviving entity of the first merger will merge into Merger Sub II.
C1 Investment Corp.
C1 is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. It serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. Approximately 46% of its total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. C1s deep technical expertise enables it to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. C1 served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies C1 acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, C1 served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies C1 acquired in 2017.
Through C1s leading professional services capabilities, C1 designed thousands of solutions each year across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and
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security, each of which is complemented by its industry-leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services. Managed, cloud, and maintenance services typically have multi-year contractual terms with high renewal rates and accounted for 29% of C1s total revenue in 2016. Through C1s relationships with more than 300 leading and next-generation technology partners, its engineers deliver optimal services and solutions to clients regardless of their existing infrastructure.
Collaboration technology is essential to modern business, enabling workforce mobility and driving globalization through connectivity across any device. Collaboration solutions create significant competitive advantages through enhanced productivity, innovative ways of working together, and omni-channel customer engagement models. With C1s more than 20-year focus on collaboration solutions, C1 believes it will benefit from the rapid growth of this market. C1 derived approximately 68% of its total revenue in 2016 from its services and technology offerings in the collaboration market.
C1s technical expertise and client-centric culture have led to long-standing and expanding client relationships. C1s top 100 clients, based on 2017 revenue, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions, had an average tenure of more than nine years. C1 generated 91% and 93% of its total revenue in 2016 and 2017, respectively, from clients C1 served in a prior year, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions. C1s Net Promoter Score, or NPS, of 61 in 2016 was more than twice the technology vendor industry average of 30. NPS is a commonly used industry measure of customers overall satisfaction. According to this third-party survey, 86% of its clients indicated that they are highly likely to recommend C1 to other businesses and organizations.
During 2015, C1 had total revenue of $601.5 million, comprised of approximately 51% services and 49% technology offerings. C1s gross profit was $193.4 million in 2015, representing a gross margin of approximately 32%. C1s net income and Adjusted Net Income were $4.0 million and $24.4 million, respectively, and its Adjusted EBITDA was $62.8 million in 2015.
During 2016, C1 had total revenue of $815.6 million, comprised of 46% services and 54% technology offerings. C1s gross profit was $249.2 million in 2016, representing a gross margin of approximately 31%. C1s net income and Adjusted Net Income were $8.3 million and $34.5 million, respectively, and its Adjusted EBITDA was $83.8 million in 2016.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, C1 had total revenue of $619.7 million, comprised of 49% services and 51% technology offerings. C1s gross profit was $182.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, representing a gross margin of 29.4%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, its net loss and Adjusted Net Income were $13.2 million and $17.5 million, respectively, and its Adjusted EBITDA was $58.1 million.
Adjusted Net Income and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial metrics. See Summary Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures for definitions and explanations of Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income, and reconciliations of net income (loss) to Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income.
C1s Market
C1 participates in a rapidly evolving IT market, which has been driven by numerous technological advancements, including cloud, software-defined infrastructure, virtualization, security, mobility, data analytics, and Internet of Things, or IoT. These secular trends, along with a mobile and global workforce that expects constant connectivity, have resulted in the need for increasingly complex, distributed, and multi-vendor IT environments.
According to C1s analysis based on data from IDC- Blackbook, the global IT market is expected to grow from $3.4 trillion in 2016 to $4.0 trillion in 2021, representing a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 3%. C1 primarily operates in the North American IT market, which, according to C1s analysis based on data from IDC- Blackbook, is expected to grow from $1.2 trillion to $1.4 trillion, representing a CAGR of 3%.
C1 is focused on the high-growth collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security solutions markets.
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C1s addressable markets are shown below on a global basis:
See the section titled Industry and Market Data .
(1) | IDC- 2017 UC&C |
(2) | IDC- Network Infrastructure |
(3) | IDC- Cloud Services |
(4) | IDC- IT Security Products |
Collaboration
The collaboration market consists of both unified communications and customer engagement. Unified communications involves the integration of real-time enterprise communication services such as voice, email, presence, chat/text, video, conferencing technology, messaging, mobility, and bring your own device, or BYOD, to provide a consistent and unified user interface and experience across multiple devices and media types. Customer engagement is comprised of integrated customer relationship management and other self-service applications that enable businesses to connect with customers across any channel and to deliver consistent high-quality service utilizing monitoring, analytics, and workforce optimization capabilities.
C1 believes the shift from on-premise to hosted and cloud collaboration solutions will also result in additional services opportunities as enterprises look to IT service providers to help them configure, provision, and manage their software applications in the cloud.
Based on C1s analysis of IDC- 2017 UC&C , C1 e stimates that the global collaboration market will grow from $30 billion in 2016 to $50 billion in 2021, representing a CAGR of 11%. IDC- 2017 UC&C defines collaboration to include IP telephony, IP phones, videoconferencing systems, video as a service, hosted/cloud voice and unified communications, contact center infrastructure and software, mobile collaboration, and collaborative applications. Based on C1s analysis of IDC- 2017 UC&C , C1 also estimates that the hosted and cloud collaboration market will grow more than twice as fast as the on-premise market from 2016 to 2021, with hosted and cloud revenue at $16 billion in 2016 and projected to grow to $33 billion by 2021, representing a CAGR of 15%.
Enterprise Networking and Data Center
The increasing number of public, private, and hybrid cloud deployments is a key growth driver for enterprise networking and data center infrastructure technologies. Based on C1s analysis of IDC- Network Infrastructure , C1 estimates that the enterprise networking and data center market (including hardware systems and enterprise WLAN equipment) was $42 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $49 billion in 2021, representing a CAGR of 3%.
Cloud
Over the past several years, demand for cloud deployments has grown as enterprises seek scalable, flexible, and cost-effective options for deploying their IT infrastructure. Based on C1s analysis of IDC- Cloud Services , C1 estimates that the global cloud infrastructure services and management market (IaaS and PaaS) was $31 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $82 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 27%.
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Security
As cyber security has become a mission-critical priority for IT organizations, increases in budgets have driven spending in the enterprise security market, as follows, based on C1s analysis of the indicated source:
| IDC- IT Security Products estimates that worldwide spending on information security was approximately $36 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to approximately $49 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 8%; |
| IDC- Network Security estimates that worldwide spending on network security was approximately $12 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $17 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 10%; |
| IDC- Access Management estimates that worldwide spending on identity and access management was approximately $6 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $7 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 6%; |
| IDC- Endpoint Security estimates that worldwide spending on endpoint security was approximately $9 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $10 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 4%; |
| IDC- Specialized Threat estimates that worldwide spending on specialized threat analysis and protection was approximately $2 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $3 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 20%; |
| IDC- Vulnerability Management estimates that worldwide spending on security and vulnerability management was approximately $5 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $9 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 14%; |
| IDC- Messaging Security estimates that worldwide spending on messaging security was approximately $2.0 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $2.1 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 2%; and |
| IDC- Web Security estimates that worldwide spending on web security was approximately $2 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $3 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 6%. |
C1 believes that it is well positioned within the markets in which it competes. C1 is a client-centric, services-driven organization with deep technical capabilities. C1 has a highly skilled team of engineers and consulting professionals with the capability to consult, design, integrate, operate, and optimize its clients solutions in the face of increasing IT complexity. As these markets are highly fragmented, C1 also benefits from its scale, which it believes positions it well and will allow it to gain market share as well as expand sales with existing enterprise clients.
Competitive Strengths
Leading independent provider of services and solutions in the collaboration market
C1 is a leading independent provider of services and solutions in the collaboration market. C1s collaboration clients typically require complex, multi-vendor solutions, which may have thousands of possible technology combinations. C1s focus on this market and its scale, deep domain expertise, and technical and consulting expertise differentiate C1 from other market participants and allow C1 to deliver leading collaboration solutions to its clients.
Attractive services-driven business model
Approximately 46% of C1s total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. C1 offers a comprehensive suite of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services comprised 29% of its total revenue in 2016, and typically have multi-year contractual terms. Managed, cloud, and maintenance services in the collaboration market have high renewal rates of
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approximately 90% in 2015, 2016, and 2017, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions. The strength of C1s services-driven business model is also demonstrated by the fact that 97% of its top 1,000 clients utilized its services in 2017, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions.
Flexible, scalable delivery model with leading managed and cloud service capabilities
C1 offers flexible delivery models, enabling its clients to consume its services and solutions on-premise or in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. C1 provides enterprise-grade, scalable managed and cloud services. Additionally, C1 utilizes three state-of-the-art Network Operations Centers, or NOCs, which operate 24x7x365 and all of which are SOC 2 Type II compliant and one of which is also PCI compliant.
Deep technological expertise and proprietary intellectual property to solve C1s clients IT challenges
C1s highly skilled team of engineers and consulting professionals has the capabilities and skills necessary to address the complex IT needs of large and medium enterprises across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. Additionally, C1 has a long history of innovation, as evidenced by its C1 Cloud offering and the development of its own proprietary intellectual property.
Long-standing and expanding enterprise client relationships
C1 served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies C1 acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, C1 served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies C1 acquired in 2017. C1 cultivated these long-standing relationships through its commitment to exceptional client service and strong technical expertise.
C1s client-centric approach has also helped drive industry leading customer satisfaction rates. According to a third-party survey, C1s NPS of 61 for 2016 was more than twice the technology vendor industry average of 30.
Differentiated culture fostering motivated and empowered employees to deliver outstanding service
C1 cultivates and supports a dynamic culture that empowers and motivates its employees to deliver exceptional service to its clients. C1 is able to attract and retain its IT professionals through a development-focused work culture that has experienced a retention rate of approximately 90% in 2015 and 2016. C1s success in motivating and empowering its employees is evidenced by its high levels of customer satisfaction and employee retention rate.
Growth Strategies
Expand cloud and security services
C1s cloud and security businesses represent significant growth opportunities as C1 enhances its existing capabilities and further penetrates its client base. C1 believes it is well positioned to help its clients with their cloud migration strategy given its technical expertise, service capabilities, and multi-vendor expertise. C1 provides end-to-end network and data security solutions to its clients that combine multiple trusted security technologies into a single platform. Additionally, C1 provides disaster recovery plans that support every level of its clients enterprise.
Deepen existing client relationships
C1 believes it is well positioned to identify new opportunities or enhance existing services and solutions within its existing clients. C1 believes there are additional opportunities to sell its services and solutions across its core technology markets, including enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security, into its existing client base.
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Develop new relationships to expand C1s client base
C1 intends to continue to grow its client base by expanding its team of sales professionals. C1 is focused on building its brand to grow within its existing and target end markets where there is strong demand for the services and solutions it provides. In 2016 and 2017, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions, C1 added 425 and 1,325 new clients, respectively, which accounted for 9% and 7% of its total revenue, respectively, during such periods.
Attract, develop, and retain skilled professionals
To support C1s growth and maintain its competitive position as a leading IT services provider, C1 plans to grow its highly skilled employee base. These professionals enable C1 to use innovative pre-sales strategies, which utilize engineering and consulting expertise to help drive high-value services, and demonstrate competency in developing complex solutions for multi-vendor environments.
Continue to grow C1s strong domestic footprint and expand internationally
C1 has a strong and growing presence in the United States and it believes there are significant opportunities for further domestic expansion. Globally, C1 supports approximately 150 multinational clients through its managed services capabilities and its global alliances. C1 believes there are multiple attractive market opportunities, both domestically and internationally.
Add new capabilities and geographic regions through strategic acquisitions
C1 operates in a fragmented market that offers significant consolidation opportunities. Historically, C1 has been successful acquiring and integrating companies that have enhanced its offerings and ability to serve its clients. C1 will continue to evaluate strategic acquisitions and partnerships that enhance its capabilities and expand its geographic footprint, both domestically and internationally.
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C1s Services and Technology Offerings
C1 provides innovative services and complex, multi-vendor solutions to large and medium enterprises across a variety of delivery models through its dedicated team of over 1,300 highly skilled engineers and consulting professionals. C1 serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. Approximately 46% of C1s total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. Through C1s leading professional services capabilities, it designs thousands of solutions each year across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. C1s technology offerings are complemented by its industry-leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services.
* | Year ended December 31, 2016. |
C1s Services
C1 provides professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services across its core technology markets.
Professional Services. Professional services involve the consultation, design, integration and implementation, application development, and program management of customized collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security offerings. Working with products acquired from over 100 of the worlds top technology vendors, its engineers are experts at architecting complex IT technology solutions to create custom-designed solutions to meet its clients needs.
Managed, Cloud, and Maintenance Services . Managed, cloud, and maintenance services are contractual services, which typically have multi-year contractual terms and high renewal rates.
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C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services include incident-based support, 24x7x365 remote monitoring, Level 3 engineer support, connectivity management, cloud management, parts management, and warranty management.
As part of C1s managed services, it provides an extensive portfolio of incident avoidance offerings, including its proprietary OnGuard software, which provides proactive, capacity, predictive, and preventative monitoring to ensure its clients systems are operating effectively. C1s monitoring capabilities have also enabled its engineers to identify and quickly address potential issues, leading to an in-house resolution rate for service calls of over 98% in both 2015 and 2016.
C1 has the capabilities to provide its managed, cloud, and maintenance services on-premise or in private, C1 Cloud, hybrid, and public cloud environments based on the service and security needs of its clients, which differentiates C1 from other IT solution providers.
C1 believes that it is well positioned to take advantage of the continued shift from on-premise to cloud as it can offer solutions across multiple delivery models.
C1s Technology Offerings
C1 provides technology offerings to its clients across its core technology markets. C1 delivers its technology offerings across a number of delivery models, including on-premise, and in private, hybrid, and public clouds as well as its proprietary C1 Cloud, regardless of clients existing infrastructure, providing them with flexibility and optionality. Additionally, C1 can provide its offerings as a managed service.
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C1s Core Technology Markets
Collaboration
C1s services and technology offerings in the collaboration market, which represented 68% of C1s total revenue in 2016, are primarily comprised of unified communications and customer engagement software. C1s unified communications solutions focus on enabling communication anywhere on any device and its customer engagement applications focus on delivering a more personalized and omni-channel experience for its clients end customers. C1 believes these offerings enhance its clients competitiveness, efficiency, and overall customer experience while also addressing the constantly evolving challenges they encounter in an increasingly mobile, global, and connected world.
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud, and Security
Enterprise Networking
C1s enterprise networking technology solutions ensure that its clients have access to cost-effective and innovative networking options, including Network Function Virtualization, or NFV, and Software Defined Networking, or SDN, as well as the capacity and security to securely transmit bandwidth-intensive data, voice, video, and wireless applications.
Data Center
C1s data center solutions enable its clients to process and store the applications and information they need to conduct their business. C1 offers a broad range of server, storage, virtualization, and management solutions to help align its clients IT infrastructure with their business objectives.
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Cloud
C1 provides cloud solutions to its clients in four distinct environments: private, C1 Cloud, hybrid, and public cloud. C1s cloud technology offerings are supported by end-to-end design, installation, integration, management, and ongoing maintenance services that can be performed by us, the client, or the infrastructure provider based on client needs.
C1s C1 Cloud provides communication, collaboration, and network connectivity in a subscription-based delivery model that combines the benefits of an on-premise solution with the ease of a managed cloud service.
Security
C1 provides end-to-end network and data security solutions to C1s clients. C1 generally begins its client engagements with assessments, followed by an actionable security framework, which can include all or components of infrastructure upgrades and optimization, training, incident response, remediation, and managed security. C1 provides effective risk reduction through solutions that combine multiple trusted security technologies into a single platform. C1s methodologies and holistic architecture protects, detects, and contains threats across the cyber-attack continuum. Additionally, C1 provides comprehensive disaster recovery services and solutions including business continuity assessment and planning, to network availability and data continuity, to recovery and crisis management.
Recent Acquisitions
In December 2017, C1 acquired AOS, Inc. for cash consideration of $65.9 million. The acquisition increases C1s presence in the Midwest and broaden its portfolio of collaboration services and solutions capabilities.
In September 2017, C1 acquired Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc. for cash consideration of $20.9 million. The acquisition increases C1s presence in the New York City market and brings additional capabilities in collaboration and cloud.
In August 2017, C1 acquired SPS Holdco, LLC for cash consideration of $51.1 million. The acquisition brought additional solutions and services capabilities in collaboration and video.
In July 2017, C1 acquired Annese & Associates, Inc. to expand its solutions and service capabilities in enterprise networking, security, collaboration, and cloud for cash consideration of $24.5 million plus additional contingent consideration of up to $4 million.
During 2015, C1 completed the acquisitions of SIGMAnet, MSN, and Sunturn for an aggregate consideration of $66.8 million net of cash received. C1 made these acquisitions in order to expand its technical capabilities in response to its clients needs, diversify its vendor relationships, and expand geographically.
| December 2015: C1 acquired SIGMAnet to expand its technical resources, bolster its cloud computing, security, and managed services offerings, and expand its market presence in the western United States; |
| May 2015: C1 acquired MSN to enhance its enterprise networking capabilities and expand its market presence in the western United States; and |
| May 2015: C1 acquired Sunturn to expand its client reach in the western and southern United States. |
C1s Relationship with its Sponsor
In June 2014, C1 was acquired by a fund managed by Clearlake Capital Group, L.P., which, together with its affiliates and related persons, C1 refers to as Clearlake, a private investment firm with a sector-focused
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approach. Clearlake seeks to partner with world-class management teams by providing patient, long-term capital to dynamic businesses that can benefit from Clearlakes operational and strategic expertise. The firms core target sectors include technology, communications, and business services; industrials, energy, and power; and consumer products and services. As of September 30, 2017, Clearlake had approximately $7.0 billion of assets under management.
Following the Business Combination, depending on the number of shares of Common Stock redeemed by Forums public stockholders, Clearlake may control a majority of the voting power of the Combined Entitys outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, the Combined Entity may qualify as controlled company within the meaning of the Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rules and may elect to take advantage or exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements. For example, as a result, the Combined Entitys stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of Nasdaq-listed companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq Stock Market corporate governance requirements. For a discussion of certain risks, potential conflicts, potential status as a controlled company and other matters associated with Clearlakes control of the Combined Entity, see the section titled Risk FactorsRisks Related to the Combined Entity and the Business Combination .
Organizational Structure
The following diagram sets forth C1s organizational structure.
Corporate Information
C1 Investment Corp. was incorporated in Delaware in May 2014. C1s principal executive offices are located at 3344 Highway 149, Eagan, Minnesota 55121, and its telephone number is (888) 321-6227. C1s corporate website address is www.convergeone.com. Information contained on or accessible through its website is not a part of this proxy statement/prospectus, and the inclusion of its website address in this proxy statement/prospectus is an inactive textual reference only.
ConvergeOne is a trademark of ConvergeOne, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of C1 Investment Corp. The ConvergeOne logos and the C1 logo are trademarks of ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of C1 Investment Corp. C1 does not intend its use or display of other companies trade names or trademarks to imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of C1 by, any other companies.
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The Proposals
Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to approve and adopt an amendment of Forums Charter to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares for the purposes of carrying out the Business Combination.
The Business Combination Proposal
Forum and C1 have agreed to the Business Combination under the terms of the Merger Agreement, dated as of November 30, 2017. This agreement, as may be further amended or supplemented from time to time, is referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus as the Merger Agreement. Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, at the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (the Closing ), Merger Sub I, a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum will merge with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the surviving entity and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Forum and, as part of the first merger, the surviving entity will merge into Merger Sub II. See the section titled The Business Combination Proposal .
The Merger Agreement
The Merger Agreement is subject to standard conditions to the Closing. In addition, the Closing is subject to the following additional conditions (amongst others): (i) the approval of the Merger Agreement by the requisite vote of Forums stockholders and C1 Securityholders, (ii) minimum proceeds (including proceeds from the PIPE Investment) available to Forum at the Closing, (iii) expiration of the applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, (iv) receipt of requisite regulatory approval, (v) the consummation of the PIPE Investment, (vi) the election or appointment of members to the Post-Closing Forum Board in accordance with the Merger Agreement and (vii) the effectiveness of this registration statement.
In addition, unless waived by C1, the obligations of C1 to consummate the Business Combination are subject to the fulfillment of certain closing conditions, including but not limited to the following:
| The representations and warranties of Forum being true and correct (subject to certain materiality exceptions); |
| Forum and the Merger Subs having performed in all material respects its obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Absence of material adverse effect to the business, assets, liabilities, financial condition or results of operations of Forum; |
| Forum Cash being at least $125,000,000; |
| Delivery of certificate of good standing of Forum and Forums officer and secretary certificates certifying compliance with certain obligations under the Agreement; |
| Filing of Forum Amended Charter with the Secretary of State of Delaware; and |
| Company having received a copy of duly executed registration rights agreements and lock-up agreements by Forum and the Sponsor. |
Unless waived by Forum, the obligations of Forum and the Merger Subs to consummate the Business Combination are subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
| The representations and warranties of C1 being true and correct (subject to certain materiality exceptions); |
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| C1 having performed in all material respects its obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Absence of material adverse effect to the business, assets, liabilities, financial condition or results of operations of any Target Company; |
| Receipt of a comfort letter from C1s independent accountant auditing firm with respect to the financial statements of any of the Target Companies included as part of the Registration Statement (directly or as part of any pro forma financial statements included therein) at the time of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and as of the Closing Date; |
| Delivery of certificates of good standing for each Target Company and Forums officer and secretary certificates certifying compliance with certain obligations under the Agreement; |
| Forum having received a copy of duly executed registration rights agreements and lock-up agreements by each C1 Securityholder; |
| Forum having received a duly executed opinion from C1s counsel; |
| Forum having received evidence that C1 shall have terminated, extinguished and cancelled in full any issued or outstanding Company Convertible Securities or commitments therefor (other than unvested Company Options); and |
| Forum having received evidence that certain Contracts involving the Target Companies and/or C1 Securityholders shall have been terminated with no further obligation or Liability of the Target Companies thereunder or amended consistent with the requirements set forth in the Merger Agreement. |
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, upon the Closing, Merger Sub I, a subsidiary of Forum, will be merged with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the surviving entity of the Merger and becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Forum and the surviving entity will be merged into Merger Sub II for consideration. See the sections titled The Business Combination ProposalGeneral Description of the Merger Agreement and The Business Combination ProposalMerger Consideration .
Each party agreed in the Merger Agreement to use its commercially reasonable efforts to effect the Closing. The Merger Agreement also contains certain customary covenants by each of the parties during the period between the signing of the Merger Agreement and the earlier of the Closing or the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms, including covenants regarding (1) the provision of access to their properties, books and personnel, (2) the operation of their respective businesses in the ordinary course of business, (3) filing Forums reports required by the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and efforts regarding Nasdaq listing requirements, (4) no solicitation of other competing transactions, (5) no trading in Forums securities by C1 using Forums material non-public information, (6) notifications of certain breaches, consent requirements or other matters, (7) efforts to comply with all government authority requirements, (8) further assurances to cooperate, (9) Forums prompt filing of a Registration Statement on Form S-4, (10) a requirement for C1 to promptly hold its stockholder meeting to approve the Merger Agreement and related transactions, (11) efforts to complete the PIPE Investment, (12) public announcements, (13) confidentiality, (14) requirements to retain books and records, (15) obtaining binding D&O tail insurance for the Target Companies and Forums directors and officers with coverage for six years following the Effective Time, (16) post-Closing board of directors and executive officers, (17) use of funds in the trust account after the Closing, (18) adoption of post-Closing Forum dividend policy, (19) filing of post-Closing Registration Statement, and (20) security clearances of C1 by certain governmental authority.
Forum has agreed to certain covenants in the Merger Agreement with respect to its obligations to file a proxy statement/prospectus for a Special Meeting of its stockholders to approve the Merger Agreement and the
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related transactions. Forum has agreed to have its board of directors adopt a new Equity Incentive Plan and ESPP reasonably acceptable to C1, and to submit such new plan to its stockholders for their ratification and approval.
The Merger Agreement may be terminated under certain customary and limited circumstances at any time prior the Closing, including among other reasons, (i) by mutual consent of C1 and Forum, (ii) by either Forum or C1 if any of the conditions to the Closing have not been satisfied or waived by March 31, 2018 (the Outside Date ), provided that this out shall not be available to (A) Forum if the breach or violation by such party or its affiliates of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under the Merger Agreement was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date or (B) C1 if any action or omission by a Target Company or its affiliates (including any acquisitions that individually or in the aggregate would require the preparation of pro forma financial statements pursuant to Regulation S-X) was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date, (iii) by either Forum or C1 if a governmental authority of competent jurisdiction shall have issued an order or taken any other action permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and such Order or other action has become final and non-appealable, (iv) by either Forum or C1 if there has been a material breach by the other party of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in the Merger Agreement, or if any representation or warranty of Forum shall have become materially untrue or materially inaccurate, and such breach is not cured within the earlier of (a) 20 days the non-breaching party receives notices of such breach, or (b) by the Outside Date, (v) by Forum if there has been a Material Adverse Effect on C1 or its subsidiaries, which is uncured and continuing within 20 days after written notice provided by Forum, (vi) by Forum if there has been a material adverse effect on C1 or its subsidiaries that is continuing within 20 days after notice of such material adverse effect, (vii) by either Forum or C1 if approval for the Business Combination was not obtained in the Special Meeting and (viii) by either Forum or C1 if the approval of the matters submitted to Forums stockholders or C1s stockholders is not obtained.
Executive Officers and Directors of the Combined Entity
The following persons are expected to serve as executive officers and directors of the Combined Entity following the Business Combination. For biographical information concerning the C1 executive officers and C1 designees to the board of directors, see Information about C1Executive Officers and Directors of C1 . For biographical information concerning the Forum designees to the board of directors see Forums Management .
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. (1) |
62 | President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | ||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
53 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Paul Maier |
57 | President, Services Organization | ||||
John F. Lyons |
64 | President, Field Organization | ||||
David Boris (2) |
57 | Director | ||||
Richard Katzman (2) |
61 | Director | ||||
Keith W. F. Bradley (1) |
54 | Director | ||||
Behdad Eghbali (1) |
41 | Director | ||||
José E. Feliciano (1) |
44 | Director | ||||
Christopher Jurasek (1) |
52 | Director | ||||
Prashant Mehrotra (1) |
40 | Director | ||||
James Pade (1) |
33 | Director | ||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty (1) |
57 | Director |
(1) | C1 Designee |
(2) | Forum Designee |
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Classified Board of Directors
The Combined Entitys board of directors will consist of ten members upon the closing of the Business Combination. In accordance with the amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be filed, immediately after the consummation of the Business Combination, the board of directors will be divided into three classes. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following the election. The directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:
| the Class I directors will be Richard Katzman, Keith W.F. Bradley and James Pade, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2019; |
| the Class II directors will be David Boris, Timothy J. Pawlenty and Prashant Mehrotra, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2020; and |
| the Class III directors will be Behdad Eghbali, José E. Feliciano, John A. McKenna, Jr. and Chris Jurasek, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2021. |
The Combined Entity expects that any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors. The division of the board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms may delay or prevent a change of our management or a change in control.
Forum Reasons for the Business Combination
Forum was formed for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. Forum sought to do this by utilizing the networks and industry experience of both its management team and its board of directors to identify, acquire and operate one or more businesses within or outside of the United States.
In particular, Forums board of directors considered the following positive factors, although not weighted or in any order of significance:
| Leading Middle-Market Business and Attractive Financial profile . C1 is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. They serve clients through their comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. They have deep technical expertise which enables them to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. |
| Proven Track Record and Strong Management Team . C1 is led by a highly experienced management team that has transformed C1s business to serve to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. |
| Strong Competitive Position . C1 is a leader within the IT Services industry. Forum believes that they have some intellectual property advantages when compared to their competitors, which may help to protect their market position and profitability. |
| Opportunity for Significant Revenue and Earnings Growth . C1 has the potential for significant revenue and earnings growth through a combination of organic growth, an acquisition opportunities. Forum believes C1 will continue to grow organically by further penetrating existing customers, expanding its customer base and developing and expanding its cross-selling efforts. C1 also aims to continue to opportunistically acquire high-quality businesses that meet its stringent acquisition criteria. |
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| Benefit from Being a Public Company . Forum believes that C1 under new public ownership will have the flexibility and financial resources to pursue and execute a growth strategy to increase revenues and shareholder value. Forum believes C1 will benefit from being publicly traded and will be able to effectively utilize the broader access to capital and public profile that are associated with being a publicly traded company. |
Forums directors also considered the following negative factors:
| Changes in industry landscape through technological developments. C1s primary markets including collaboration and technology solutions are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, changing client preferences, and new product and service introductions. As a result, Forum considered the potentially adverse effects of these evolving technological developments on C1s business. These technologies could reduce and, over time, replace some of C1s current business. In addition, C1s clients may delay spending under existing contracts and engagements and may delay entering into new contracts while they evaluate new technologies. Forum believes that C1 has managed to adapt well to technological changes and C1s strong technical expertise will enable it to remain at the forefront of any such changes in the future. |
| Dependency on key OEM/partner relationships. C1 has relationships with over 100 technology partners, including Avaya, Cisco, Dell, IBM, Interactive Intelligence, and Microsoft. Although C1 purchases from a diverse vendor base, in 2016, products manufactured by Avaya and Cisco represented 30% and 29%, respectively, of the C1s technology offerings revenue. Forum considered the potentially adverse effect from a change in any business relationship that may reduce the supply and support C1 receives from any technology partner and the potential negative impact on C1s competitive position. In particular, Avaya filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 in January 2017, filed its preliminary plan of reorganization in April 2017 and had its Chapter 11 plan of reorganization approved by the Bankruptcy Court in November 2017. Forum believes that the Avaya reorganization resulted in customers delaying their purchasing decisions with respect to Avaya offerings in the short term. However, given Avayas emergence from bankruptcy, C1 stands to benefit given customers pent up demand for Avayas products and derivative service offerings provided by C1. |
| Growth through acquisitions and integration risk . C1 acquired four businesses in 2017: AOS, SPS, RGTS, and Annese. C1s inability to successfully integrate the business, technologies, products, personnel, or operations of any acquired business, or any significant delay in achieving synergies from integration, could harm the companys business, results of operations, or financial condition. Forum views the acquisitions in 2017 as complementary to C1s business and gained comfort from C1s track record of successfully integrating other businesses. |
| Threat from competition. The landscape in which C1 competes is highly competitive and expected to continue to change. While innovation can help its business as it creates new offerings for C1 to sell and provide complementary services, it can also disrupt C1s business model and create new and stronger competitors. Additionally, to the extent C1 faces increased competition to gain and retain clients, C1 may be required to reduce prices, increase sales and marketing expenditures, or take other actions that could adversely affect its business, results of operations, or financial condition. Forum carefully considered the competitive landscape and believes that C1 is well positioned with respect to competition in the industry. |
|
IT security concerns. C1 is dependent on IT networks and systems to process, transmit, and securely store electronic information and to communicate among its locations and with its clients. Forum acknowledges that security breaches of this infrastructure could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of C1s systems and potential loss or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information or data, including personal data. Any failure in the networks or computer systems used by C1 or its clients could result in a |
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claim for substantial damages against C1 and significant reputational harm, regardless of C1s responsibility for the failure. Forum believes that these risks are inherent in C1s business and gained comfort from C1s clear focus on maintaining IT security. |
| Government work and regulatory changes. C1 provides IT services to various government agencies, including federal, state, and local government entities. For 2016, approximately 7% of the companys total revenue was derived from sales to federal, state, and local governments. Forum considered potentially adverse effect from changes in law, regulation, or the political climate, or an across-the-board change in government spending and purchasing policies that may result in C1s public sector clients reducing their purchases and terminating their service contracts. Forum believes these risks are inherent in a government contracting environment and does not consider these risks to be significant. |
| Status of Indebtedness. As of September 30, 2017, C1 had total outstanding debt of $519.6 million. Forum considered the potentially adverse effect of C1s leverage on their ability to raise additional capital to fund the operations, limit their ability to react to changes in the economy or industry, expose C1 to interest rate risk associated with the their variable rate debt, and prevent C1 from meeting the their obligations under the credit facilities. Forum believes that C1s strong cash flow generation will allow the company to continue servicing and paying down debt. |
| Possibility of being a controlled company. Upon the Closing, depending on the number of shares of Common Stock redeemed by Forums public stockholders, Clearlake may control a majority of the voting power of the Combined Entitys outstanding shares of Common Stock. As a result, the Combined Entity may qualify as a controlled company within the meaning of the NASDAQ listing standards. Pursuant to the relevant rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a controlled company and may elect to take advantage or exemptions from with certain corporate governance requirements including the requirements (1) that a majority of its board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) that its board of directors have a compensation committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibilities, and (3) that its board of directors have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibilities. If available, the Combined Entity intends to use these exemptions and may continue to use all or some of these exemptions in the future. As a result, the Combined Entitys stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of Nasdaq-listed companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq Stock Market corporate governance requirements. |
C1 Reasons for the Business Combination
In the course of reaching its decision to approve the Business Combination, the C1 board of directors consulted with its senior management, financial advisors and legal counsel, reviewed a significant amount of information, and considered a number of factors, including, among others:
| Other Alternatives. It is the belief of C1, after review of alternative strategic opportunities from time to time, that the proposed Business Combination represents the best potential transaction for C1 to create greater value for C1s stockholders, while providing C1s Securityholders with greater liquidity by owning stock in a public company. |
|
Advantages Over a Traditional IPO. Prior to executing the Merger Agreement, the C1 board of directors considered the alternative of a traditional IPO. The C1 board of directors considered that the Business Combination provided certain advantages over a traditional IPO. In particular, the C1 board of directors considered that, based on available information at the time, including with respect to the conditions of the IPO market for companies of a similar size and industry as C1, the Business |
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Combination with Forum was likely to provide for a more time- and cost- effective means to capital with less dilution to C1s existing stockholders. The C1 board of directors considered that the proceeds from the Business Combination represented a fair valuation of C1, while a traditional IPO would have included uncertainty as to valuation based on market conditions at the time of an offering. The Business Combination will allow all of the existing stockholders and optionholders of C1 to receive cash at the closing of the Business Combination, which would not be the case in a traditional IPO. Finally, as a result of C1s historical operating results, the C1 board of directors did not believe at this time that it needed to raise additional capital, as is done in a traditional IPO. |
| Terms of the Merger Agreement. C1 considered the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement, including but not limited to the nature and scope of the closing conditions and the likelihood of obtaining any necessary regulatory approvals, in addition to the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Business Combination. |
| Size of Post-Combination Company. C1 considered the Business Combination implied enterprise value of $1.2 billion for C1, providing C1s stockholders with the opportunity to go-forward with ownership in a public company with a larger market capitalization. |
| Access to Capital . C1 expects that the Business Combination would be a more time- and cost-effective means to access capital than other options considered, including an IPO; |
| Benefit from Being a Public Company . C1 believes that under new public ownership it will have the flexibility and financial resources to pursue and execute a growth strategy to increase revenues and stockholder value and will benefit from being publicly traded and can effectively utilize the broader access to capital and public profile that are associated with being a publicly traded company. |
The C1 board of directors also considered the following negative factors:
| Risk that Business Combination may not be completed. The C1 board of directors considered the risk that the Business Combination might not be consummated in a timely manner or at all, due to a lack of stockholder approval or failure to satisfy various conditions to closing. |
| Impact on reputation and business if Business Combination is not completed. The C1 board of directors considered the possibility that the Business Combination might not be completed and that there may be an adverse effect of the public announcement of the Business Combination on C1s reputation and business in the event the merger is not completed. |
| Expenses and challenges. The C1 board of directors considered the expenses to be incurred in connection with the Business Combination and related administrative challenges associated with combining the companies. |
| Costs of being a public company. The C1 board of directors considered the additional public company expenses and obligations that C1s business will be subject to following the merger that it has not previously been subject to. |
| Other risks. The C1 board of directors considered various other risks associated with the combined organization and the merger, including the risks described in the section titled Risk Factors . |
Fairness Opinion of Cassel Salpeter
Forum engaged Cassel Salpeter & Co., LLC ( Cassel Salpeter ) to render an opinion as to (i) the fairness, from a financial point of view, to Forum of the consideration to be paid by Forum in the proposed Business Combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement and (ii) whether ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to
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at least 80% of the balance of funds in the trust account. Cassel Salpeter is an investment banking firm that regularly is engaged in the evaluation of businesses and their securities in connection with acquisitions, corporate restructuring, private placements and for other purposes. Forums board of directors decided to use the services of Cassel Salpeter because it is a recognized investment banking firm that has substantial experience in similar matters, and has rendered similar services to other blank check companies.
Cassel Salpeter rendered its oral opinion to Forums board of directors on November 26, 2017 (which was subsequently confirmed in writing by delivery of Cassel Salpeters written opinion dated the same date) that, as of November 26, 2017, (i) the Total Consideration to be paid by Forum in the Business Combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to Forum and (ii) ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of funds in the trust account.
The amount of the Total Consideration to be paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement was determined pursuant to negotiations between Forum and ConvergeOne and not pursuant to recommendations of Cassel Salpeter.
The opinion was provided for the use and benefit of the Forum board in connection with its consideration of the Business Combination and only addressed (i) the fairness, from a financial point of view, to Forum of the consideration to be paid by Forum in the Business Combination pursuant to the Merger Agreement and (ii) whether ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of funds in the trust account, in each case as of the date of the opinion, and did not address any other aspect or implication of the Business Combination.
The summary of Cassel Salpeters opinion in this proxy statement is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the written opinion, which is included as Annex E to this proxy statement and sets forth the procedures followed, assumptions made, qualifications and limitations on the review undertaken and other matters considered by Cassel Salpeter in preparing its opinion. However, neither Cassel Salpeters written opinion nor the summary of its opinion and the related analyses set forth in this proxy statement are intended to be, and do not constitute, advice or a recommendation to any stockholder as to how such stockholder should act or vote with respect to any matter relating to the proposed Business Combination.
Accounting Treatment
The Business Combination will be accounted for as a reverse merger in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting Forum will be treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes. This determination is primarily based on C1 Securityholders expecting to have a majority of the voting power of the combined company, C1 comprising the ongoing operations of the combined entity, C1 comprising a majority of the governing body of the combined company, and C1s senior management comprising the senior management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination will be treated as the equivalent of C1 issuing stock for the net assets of Forum, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Forum will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the business combination will be those of C1.
Appraisal Rights
Appraisal rights are not available to Forum stockholders in connection with the Business Combination. Appraisal rights are available to C1 Securityholders in connection with the Business Combination.
Impact of the Business Combination on Forums Public Float
It is anticipated that, upon the Closing of the Business Combination, Forums public stockholders (other than the PIPE Investment investors but including EBC) will retain an ownership interest of approximately 26.0% in the Combined Entity, the PIPE Investment investors will own approximately 24.4% of the Combined Entity (such that public stockholders, including PIPE Investment investors, will own approximately 50.4% of the
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Combined Entity), the Sponsor will retain an ownership interest of approximately 5.3% in the Combined Entity and the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 44.3% of the outstanding common stock of the Combined Entity.
These relative percentages reflect the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Class A Common Stock at the Closing and assume (i) no payment of Earnout Consideration in the Merger Agreement and (ii) forfeiture of 3,234,375 Founders Shares. The ownership percentage with respect to the Combined Entity following the Business Combination does not take into account (i) the redemption of any shares by Forums public stockholders, or (ii) the exercise of the UPO or the Warrants outstanding following the Business Combination. If the actual facts are different than these assumptions (which they are likely to be), the percentage ownership retained by the Forums existing stockholders in the Combined Entity will be different.
The following tables illustrate varying ownership levels in Forum assuming the factors mentioned above, and excluding the exercise of above-mentioned warrants and the UPO:
Assumed % of Public
Shares Redeemed (or Proceeds Remaining in Trust Account) |
||||||||
0% (or
$175.4 million in trust) |
100%
(or $0 in trust) |
|||||||
Forum public stockholders (including EBC) |
26.0% | 2.6% | ||||||
PIPE Investment investors |
24.4 | 24.4 | ||||||
Sponsor |
5.3 | 5.3 | ||||||
C1 Securityholders |
44.3 | 67.7 | ||||||
Total |
100.0% | 100.0% |
The Escrow Amendment Proposal
Forum stockholders will be asked to approve the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, dated November 30, 2017, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company to release 4,312,500 Founders Shares from escrow to: (i) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (ii) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (iii) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon the Closing of the Business Combination.
The Nasdaq Proposal
In connection with the Business Combination, on November 30, 2017 Forum entered into the Subscription Agreements whereby the investors named therein committed to purchase 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock of Forum for an aggregate of $143,675,000. The closing of the PIPE Investment is subject to certain conditions, including there being no Material Adverse Change (as such term is defined in the Merger Agreement) with respect to Forum or C1, and all conditions to the Business Combination, including the approval of Forums stockholders, having been satisfied or waived. Upon notice from Forum to the investors who executed the Subscription Agreements that Forum reasonably expects all closing conditions of the Business Combination to be satisfied or waived, the investors will have no less than five business days to fund their committed investment. The closing of the PIPE shall occur on the date of, and immediately prior to, the consummation of the Business Combination. The shares of Class A Common Stock will be issued in reliance upon the exemption provided in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended ( Securities Act ) and/or Regulation D promulgated thereunder.
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The number of shares to be issued in the PIPE Investment exceeds 20% of Forums issued and outstanding common stock and the issuance will occur at an effective price that is less than the greater of the book or market value of Class A Common Stock. For purposes of complying with the applicable Nasdaq Listing Rule, Forum is seeking stockholder approval of the issuance of Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment pursuant to the Nasdaq Proposal.
The Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal
In connection with the Business Combination, Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve the Amended Charter for the following:
| to divide the Combined Entitys board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms; |
| to provide that any amendment to provisions of the amended and restated Charter will require approval of the holders of a majority of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and thereafter any such amendment will require the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors; |
| to provide that the Combined Entity opts out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law; |
| to provide that the Combined Entity may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder (which excludes Clearlake and any of their direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons) for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (1) prior to the date of the transaction, the Combined Entitys board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (2) the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the Combined Entitys voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (x) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (y) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or (3) on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the Combined Entitys board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder; |
| to provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act; |
| to provide that, subject to limitations imposed by applicable law, directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as Clearlake, which, together with its affiliates and related persons, holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, or thereafter only with cause by the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| to provide that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
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| to amend the name of the new public entity to ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. from Forum Merger Corporation; |
| to reclassify all shares of Class A Common Stock as Common Stock; |
| to increase the authorized shares of Common Stock to 1,000,000,000 shares; |
| to increase the authorized shares of blank check preferred stock that the Combined Entitys board of directors could issue to increase the number to discourage a takeover attempt to 10,000,000 shares; |
| to make the Combined Entitys corporate existence perpetual as opposed to Forums corporate existence terminating 24 months following the closing if its initial public offering; and |
| to remove from the Combined Entitys Charter the various provisions applicable only to specified purpose acquisition corporations contained in Forums current amended and restated certificate of incorporation. |
The Incentive Plan Proposal
Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve and adopt the Equity Incentive Plan, which will become effective upon the Closing of the Business Combination and have the following principal features:
| Types of Awards : The Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, or ISOs, nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, performance-based stock awards, and other forms of equity compensation, or collectively, stock awards, all of which may be granted to employees, including officers, non-employee directors and consultants of the Combined Entity and its affiliates. Additionally, the Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of performance cash awards. ISOs may be granted only to employees. All other awards may be granted to employees, including officers, and to non-employee directors and consultants. |
| Shares Available for Awards : Initially, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to stock awards under the Equity Incentive Plan after the Equity Incentive Plan becomes effective will not exceed 10,000,000 shares. Additionally, the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2019 (assuming the Equity Incentive Plan becomes effective before such date) and continuing through and including January 1, 2028, by 4.0% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, or a lesser number of shares determined by the board of directors. |
| Non-Employee Director Compensation : The maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan or any other equity plan maintained by the Combined Entity during any single fiscal year to any non-employee director, taken together with any cash fees paid to the director during the fiscal year, will not exceed $600,000 in total value, or $900,000 for the calendar year in which a non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the Combined Entitys board of directors. |
A summary of the Equity Incentive Plan is set forth in the The Incentive Plan Proposal section of this proxy statement/prospectus and a complete copy of the Equity Incentive Plan is attached hereto as Annex D .
The ESPP Proposal
Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve and adopt the ESPP, which will become effective upon the Closing of the Business Combination and have the following principal features:
|
Types of Awards : The ESPP provides a means by which the Combined Entitys employees may be given an opportunity to purchase shares of Common Stock following the Closing of the Business |
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Combination. The rights to purchase Common Stock granted under the ESPP are intended to qualify as options issued under an employee stock purchase plan as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code. |
| Shares Subject to ESPP : Initially, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP is 1,500,000 shares. Additionally, the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the ESPP will automatically increase on January 1 of each year, beginning on January 1, 2019 (assuming the ESPP becomes effective before such date) and continuing through and including January 1, 2027, by the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the total number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31 of the preceding calendar year, (ii) 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock; or (iii) a lesser number of shares determined by the Combined Entitys board of directors. |
| Purchase of Shares; Offerings : The ESPP will be implemented by offerings of rights to purchase Common Stock to all eligible employees. The board of directors of the Combined Entity (or its compensation committee) will determine the duration of each offering period, provided that in no event may an offering period exceed 27 months. Each offering period will have one or more purchase dates, as determined by the Combined Entitys board or compensation committee prior to the commencement of the offering period, and may allow eligible employees to purchase shares of Common Stock at a default purchase price of 95% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date; provided that the Combined Entitys board or compensation committee may determine a different purchase price prior to the start of an offering period and provided that the purchase price may not be less than the lower of (i) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date. |
A summary of the ESPP is set forth in the The ESPP Proposal section of this proxy statement/prospectus and a complete copy of the ESPP is attached hereto as Annex E .
The Adjournment Proposal
Forum is proposing that its stockholders approve and adopt to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates, if necessary, to permit further solicitation and vote of proxies if, based upon the tabulated vote at the time of the Special Meeting, there are not sufficient votes to approve the Proposals.
Date, Time and Place of Special Meeting
The Special Meeting will be held at 9:00 a.m. Eastern time, on February 20, 2018, at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10105, or at such other date, time and place to which such meeting may be adjourned or postponed, to consider and vote upon the proposals.
Proxy Solicitation
Proxies may be solicited by telephone, by facsimile, by mail, on the Internet or in person. We have engaged Morrow to assist in the solicitation of proxies. If a stockholder grants a proxy, it may still vote its shares in person if it revokes its proxy before the Special Meeting. A stockholder may also change its vote by submitting a later-dated proxy, as described in the section titled Special Meeting of Forum StockholdersRevoking Your Proxy .
Quorum and Required Vote for Stockholder Proposals
A quorum of Forum stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A quorum will be present at the Special Meeting if a majority of the Common Stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the Special
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Meeting is represented in person or by proxy at the Special Meeting. Abstentions will count as present for the purposes of establishing a quorum. Broker non-votes will not be counted for purposes of establishing a quorum.
The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date. Accordingly, a Forum stockholders failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal.
The approval of the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal each require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Forum Common Stock cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting. A Forum stockholders failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention will not be counted towards the number of shares of Common Stock required to validly establish a quorum, and if a valid quorum is otherwise established, it will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and Adjournment Proposal.
The Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal are conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal (and the Business Combination Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal), and unless the Business Combination Proposal is approved, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal will not be presented to the stockholders of Forum at the Special Meeting. The Adjournment Proposal is not conditioned on any other Proposal and does not require the approval of any other Proposal to be effective. It is important for you to note that in the event the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal do not receive the requisite vote for approval, then Forum will not consummate the Business Combination. If Forum does not consummate the Business Combination and fails to complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, it will be required to dissolve and liquidate its Trust Account by returning the then remaining funds in such account to its public stockholders.
Recommendation to Stockholders
Forums board of directors believes that the Proposals to be presented at the Special Meeting are in the best interests of Forum and its stockholders and unanimously recommends that Forum stockholders vote FOR the Proposals.
When you consider the recommendation of Forum board of directors in favor of approval of these Proposals, you should keep in mind that Forum directors and officers have interests in the Business Combination that are different from or in addition to (and which may conflict with) your interests as a stockholder. These interests include, among other things:
| unless Forum consummates an initial business combination, Forums officers, directors and sponsor will not receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount of available proceeds not deposited in the Trust Account; |
|
As a condition to the Forum IPO, all of the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the |
48
consummation of an initial business combination with the ability to release 50% of the Founders Shares immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, Forum, the Sponsor, C1 and Clearlake, entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release all of the Founders Shares held by the Sponsor from escrow to: (a) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (b) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (c) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the Placement Units, including the Placement Shares, Placement Rights and Placement Warrants, purchased by the Sponsor will be worthless if a business combination is not consummated; |
| the Sponsor has agreed that the Placement Units, and all of their underlying securities, will not be sold or transferred by it until 30 days after Forum has completed a business combination, subject to limited exceptions; |
| the fact that Sponsor paid an aggregate of $25,000 for its Founders Shares and such securities will have a significantly higher value at the time of the Business Combination; |
| the fact that Sponsor has agreed not to redeem any of the Founders Shares and Placement Shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination; |
| if Forum does not complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Units will be included in the liquidating distribution to Forums public stockholders and the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants will expire worthless; and |
| if the Trust Account is liquidated, including in the event Forum is unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period, the Sponsor has agreed to indemnify Forum to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per Public Share by the claims of prospective target businesses with which Forum has entered into an acquisition agreement or claims of any third party for services rendered or products sold to Forum, but only if such a vendor or target business has not executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account. |
Risk Factors
In evaluating the proposals set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus, you should carefully read this proxy statement/prospectus, including the annexes, and especially consider the factors discussed in the section titled Risk Factors .
49
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF C1
The following tables summarize C1s consolidated financial and other data. C1 has derived the summary consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 from its audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The consolidated statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 are derived from C1s unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s unaudited interim consolidated financial statements were prepared on a basis consistent with its audited consolidated financial statements and include, in managements opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that C1 considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial information set forth in those statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in any future period, and interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
You should read this data together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus and the sections titled Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1 and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1 .
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | ||||||||
Services |
303,983 | 375,805 | 271,842 | 304,499 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenue |
601,464 | 815,609 | 605,081 | 619,700 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
77,104 | 106,722 | 78,707 | 69,469 | ||||||||||||
Services |
116,342 | 142,522 | 101,568 | 112,534 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total gross profit |
193,446 | 249,244 | 180,275 | 182,003 | ||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
162,731 | 202,742 | 149,913 | 159,960 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating income |
30,715 | 46,502 | 30,362 | 22,043 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
23,118 | 31,437 |
|
18,824
|
|
|
41,551
|
|
||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders, basic and diluted (1) |
$ | 0.04 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.07 | $ | (0.15 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted-average common shares used in computing basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders (1) |
89,866 | 89,862 | 89,862 | 89,782 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | See Notes 1 and 9 to C1s consolidated financial statements for an explanation of the method used to calculate basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders. |
50
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(as a percentage of total revenue) |
||||||||||||||||
Revenue Mix and Gross Margin: | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
49.5% | 53.9% | 55.1% | 50.9% | ||||||||||||
Services |
50.5 | 46.1 | 44.9 | 49.1 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenue |
100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | 100.0% | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross margin |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
25.9% | 24.3% | 23.6% | 22.0% | ||||||||||||
Services |
38.3 | 37.9 | 37.4 | 37.0 | ||||||||||||
Total gross margin |
32.2 | 30.6 | 29.8 | 29.4 |
As of
September 30, 2017 |
||||
(unaudited) | ||||
(in thousands) | ||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: | ||||
Cash |
$ | 7,683 | ||
Working capital (1) |
51,594 | |||
Total assets |
804,976 | |||
Total debt, including current portion and excluding unamortized debt issuance cost |
529,925 | |||
Total liabilities |
805,265 | |||
Total stockholders deficit |
(289 | ) |
(1) | C1 defines working capital as current assets minus current liabilities. |
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Revenue (1) |
$ | 603,719 | $ | 815,912 | $ | 605,333 | $ | 623,914 | ||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (2) |
$ | 62,809 | $ | 83,785 | $ | 58,698 | $ | 58,058 | ||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (3) |
10.4 | % | 10.3 | % | 9.7 | % | 9.3 | % | ||||||||
Adjusted Net Income (4) |
$ | 24,358 | $ | 34,488 | $ | 23,922 | $ | 17,485 |
51
(1) | Adjusted Revenue is a non-GAAP financial measure. C1 believes that Adjusted Revenue provides supplemental information with respect to its revenue associated with its ongoing performance. C1 defines Adjusted Revenue as total revenue adjusted to exclude non-cash acquisition accounting adjustments to revenue as a result of our acquisitions. The reconciliation of revenue, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Revenue for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments |
2,255 | 303 | 252 | 4,214 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Adjusted Revenue |
$ | 603,719 | $ | 815,912 | $ | 605,333 | $ | 623,914 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2) | Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. C1 believes Adjusted EBITDA provides helpful information with respect to its operating performance as viewed by management, including a view of its business that is not dependent on (i) the impact of its capitalization structure and (ii) items that are not part of C1s day-to-day operations. C1 defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus (1) total depreciation and amortization, (2) interest expense and other, net, and (3) income tax expense (benefit), as further adjusted to eliminate non-cash stock-based compensation expense, acquisition accounting adjustments, transaction costs, and other one-time nonrecurring costs. The reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization (a) |
23,858 | 28,570 | 21,133 | 24,224 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
23,118 | 31,437 | 18,824 | 41,551 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
EBITDA |
54,573 | 75,072 | 51,495 | 46,267 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
233 | 1,057 | 883 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments (b) |
(829 | ) | (457 | ) | (443 | ) | 2,654 | |||||||||
Transaction costs (c) |
5,678 | 6,055 |
|
5,137
|
|
5,955 | ||||||||||
Other costs (d) |
3,154 | 2,058 | 1,626 | 2,661 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 62,809 | $ | 83,785 | $ | 58,698 | $ | 58,058 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) | Depreciation and amortization equals the sum of (1) depreciation and amortization included in total operating expenses and (2) depreciation and amortization included in total cost of revenue within C1s consolidated financial statements. |
(b) | Acquisition accounting adjustments include charges associated with non-cash acquisition accounting fair value adjustments to deferred revenue and deferred customer support costs. |
(c) | Transaction costs of (1) $5.7 million for 2015 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $2.1 million related to transaction-related professional fees, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (2) $6.1 million for 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.1 million related to employee retention bonuses, $0.7 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $4.3 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (3) $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.7 million related to employee retention bonuses, $1.3 million related to transaction-related professional fees and costs, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $3.1 million of one-time acquisition related integration costs, and (4) $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $3.4 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs. |
(d) |
Other costs of (1) $3.2 million for 2015 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement which C1 intends to terminate in connection with the Business Combination, and $0.1 million payments to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (2) $2.1 million for 2016 include $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to |
52
its management and monitoring services agreement, and $0.1 million payments to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (3) $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include expenses of $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and (4) $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement. |
(3) | Adjusted EBITDA Margin measures C1s Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue. |
(4) | Adjusted Net Income is a non-GAAP financial measure, which management uses in this proxy statement/prospectus and in its evaluation of past performance, trends, and prospects for the future. C1 believes that Adjusted Net Income is utilized by investors and other interested parties as a measure of its comparative operating performance period-over-period that considers the impact of certain items that do not directly correlate to C1s ongoing operating performance and that vary significantly from period to period, such as the interest expense associated with our outstanding debt, as well as the impact of depreciation on our fixed assets and income taxes. C1 defines Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude (i) amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, (ii) amortization of debt issuance costs, (iii) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, (iv) costs related to debt refinancing, (v) acquisition accounting adjustments, (vi) transaction costs, (vii) other costs, and (viii) the income tax impact associated with the foregoing items. The reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
20,247 | 22,456 | 16,826 | 17,891 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
2,028 | 2,412 | 1,594 | 2,205 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
233 | 1,057 | 883 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Costs related to debt refinancing (a) |
| 4,486 | | 15,193 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments (b) |
(829 | ) | (457 | ) | (443 | ) | 2,654 | |||||||||
Transaction costs (c) |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Other costs (d) |
3,154 | 2,058 | 1,626 | 2,661 | ||||||||||||
Income tax impact of adjustments (e) |
(10,176 | ) | (11,928 | ) | (7,887 | ) | (16,410 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Adjusted Net Income |
$ | 24,358 | $ | 34,488 | $ | 23,922 | $ | 17,485 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(a) | Costs related to debt refinancing in (1) 2016 include $1.8 million in financing transaction costs, $1.5 million in debt extinguishment losses, and a $1.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and (2) the nine months ended September 30, 2017 consists of $1.6 million in financing transaction costs, $3.4 million in debt extinguishment, and a $10.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance cost. |
(b) | Acquisition accounting adjustments include charges associated with non-cash acquisition accounting fair value adjustments to deferred revenue and deferred customer support costs. |
(c) | Transaction costs of (1) $5.7 million for 2015 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $2.1 million related to transaction-related professional fees, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (2) $6.1 million for 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.1 million related to employee retention bonuses, $0.7 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $4.3 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (3) $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.7 million related to employee retention bonuses, $1.3 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $3.1 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, and (4) $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $3.4 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs. |
(d) |
Other costs of (1) $3.2 million for 2015 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement which C1 intends to terminate in connection with the Business Combination, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (2) $2.1 million for 2016 include $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (3) $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include expenses of $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and (4) $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time |
53
severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement. |
(e) | Income tax impact of adjustments includes an estimated tax impact of the adjustments to net income (loss) at C1s average statutory tax rate of 40.0%, except for the impact of tax-deductible goodwill and intangible assets resulting from certain historical acquisitions. |
Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. They are not measurements of C1s financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to revenue or net income (loss), as applicable, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other businesses. Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of C1s operating results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations include:
| non-cash compensation is and will remain a key element of C1s overall long-term incentive compensation package, although C1 excludes it as an expense when evaluating its ongoing operating performance for a particular period; |
| Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income do not reflect the impact of certain cash charges resulting from matters C1 considers not to be indicative of its ongoing operations; and |
| other companies in C1s industry may calculate Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income, differently than it does, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures. |
C1 compensates for these limitations to Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income by relying primarily on its GAAP results and using Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income only for supplemental purposes. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income include adjustments for items that may occur in future periods. However, C1 believes these adjustments are appropriate because the amounts recognized can vary significantly from period to period, do not directly relate to the ongoing operations of its business, and complicate comparisons of its internal operating results and operating results of other peer companies over time. For example, it is useful to exclude non-cash, stock-based compensation expenses because the amount of such expenses in any specific period may not directly correlate to the underlying performance of C1s business operations and these expenses can vary significantly across periods due to timing of new stock-based awards. C1 also excludes certain discrete, unusual, one-time, or non-cash costs, including transaction costs, and the income tax impact of adjustments in order to facilitate a more useful period-over-period comparison of its financial performance. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments described in this paragraph help management with a measure of C1s operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations or are non-cash expenses. In addition, the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA is different than the calculation of Earnout EBITDA. See C1s historical consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus for its GAAP results.
54
SUMMARY FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF FORUM
The following tables summarize the relevant financial data for Forums business and should be read in conjunction with Forum s Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and its audited and unaudited interim financial statements, and the notes and schedules related thereto, which are included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Forums balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 and statement of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 are derived from Forums unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Forums balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and statement of operations data for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 are derived from Forums audited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Forums balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 and statement of income data for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 are derived from Forums unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Forums balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and statement of income data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are derived from Forums audited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period. You should read the following selected financial information in conjunction with each of C1s and Forums consolidated financial statements and related notes and Forums Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained elsewhere herein.
Nine Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
For the
Period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 |
|||||||
(in thousands, except share
and per share data) |
||||||||
Revenue |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Loss from operations |
(235 | ) | (2 | ) | ||||
Interest income |
732 | | ||||||
Unrealized gain |
7 | | ||||||
Net income (loss) |
335 | (2 | ) | |||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
(0.04 | ) | (0.00 | ) | ||||
Weighted average shares outstanding excluding shares subject to possible redemptionbasic and diluted |
4,864,925 | 3,750,000 |
Balance Sheet Data: |
As of
September 30, 2017 |
As of
December 31, 2016 |
||||||
Working capital |
$ | 191 | $ | 9 | ||||
Trust account |
174,965 | | ||||||
Total assets |
175,380 | 38 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
224 | 16 | ||||||
Value of common stock subject to redemption |
170,156 | | ||||||
Stockholders equity |
5,000 | 23 |
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SELECTED UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2017 combines the historical consolidated balance sheet of C1 as of September 30, 2017 with the historical balance sheet of Forum as of September 30, 2017, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had been consummated as of that date.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 combines the historical consolidated statement of income of C1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the historical consolidated statement of operations of Forum for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented. The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016 combines the historical consolidated statement of income of C1 for the year ended December 31, 2016 with the historical statement of operations of Forum for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.
The historical financial information of C1 was derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements of C1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the audited consolidated financial statements of C1 for the year ended December 31, 2016, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The historical financial information of Forum was derived from the unaudited condensed financial statements of Forum for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the audited financial statements of Forum for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. This information should be read together with C1s and Forums audited and unaudited financial statements and related notes, the sections titled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1, and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Forum, and other financial information included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The historical financial information has been adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are related and/or directly attributable to the Business Combination, are factually supportable and are expected to have a continuing impact on the results of the combined company. The adjustments presented on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an accurate understanding of the combined company upon consummation of the Business Combination.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of the historical results that would have been achieved had the companies always been combined or the future results that the combined company will experience. C1 and Forum have not had any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared assuming two alternative levels of redemption into cash of Forums common stock:
| Scenario 1Assuming no redemptions into cash: This presentation assumes that no Forum stockholders exercise redemption rights with respect to their common stock upon consummation of the Business Combination; and |
|
Scenario 2Assuming redemptions of 17,250,000 shares of Forum common stock into cash: This presentation assumes that Forum stockholders exercise their redemption rights with respect to a |
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maximum of 17,250,000 shares of common stock upon consummation of the Business Combination at a redemption price of approximately $10.13 per share. The maximum redemption amount is derived from the $125,000,000 closing cash required after giving effect to payments to redeeming stockholders. |
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||
C1 | Forum |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 619,700 | $ | | $ | 619,700 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
159,960 | 235 | 159,265 | 159,265 | ||||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
22,043 | (235 | ) | 22,738 | 22,738 | |||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
(13,185 | ) | 335 | (12,228 | ) | (12,228 | ) | |||||||||
Net (loss) income per common sharebasic and diluted |
(0.15) | (0.04 | ) | (0.18 | ) | (0.18 | ) | |||||||||
As of September 30, 2017 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Total current assets |
$ | 301,880 | $ | 415 | $ | 294,495 | $ | 294,495 | ||||||||
Total assets |
804,976 | 175,380 | 794,973 | 794,973 | ||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
250,286 | 224 | 250,508 | 250,508 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
805,265 | 224 | 805,487 | 805,487 | ||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity (deficit) |
(289 | ) | 5,000 | (10,514 | ) | (10,514 | ) |
Year Ended December 31, 2016 (C1) and For the period
from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 (Forum) |
||||||||||||||||
C1 | Forum |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 815,609 | $ | | $ | 815,609 | $ | 815,609 | ||||||||
Operating expenses |
$ | 202,742 | 2 | 200,860 | 200,860 | |||||||||||
Operating income (loss) |
46,502 | (2 | ) | 48,384 | 48,384 | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
8,349 | (2 | ) | 11,016 | 11,016 | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) per common sharebasic |
0.09 | (0.00 | ) | 0.16 | 0.16 | |||||||||||
Net income (loss) per common sharediluted |
0.09 | (0.00 | ) | 0.15 | 0.15 |
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The following table sets forth the per share data of Forum on a stand-alone basis and the unaudited pro forma condensed combined per share data for the year ended December 31, 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2017 after giving effect to the Business Combination, (1) assuming no Forum stockholders exercise redemption rights with respect to their common stock upon the consummation of the Business Combination; and (2) assuming that Forum stockholders exercise their redemption rights with respect to a maximum of 17,250,000 shares of common stock upon consummation of the Business Combination.
You should read the information in the following table in conjunction with the selected historical financial information summary included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus, and the historical financial statements of Forum and C1 and related notes that are included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The unaudited Forum and C1 pro forma combined per share information is derived from, and should be read in conjunction with, the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The unaudited pro forma combined earnings per share information below does not purport to represent the earnings per share which would have occurred had the companies been combined during the periods presented, nor earnings per share for any future date or period. The unaudited pro forma combined book value per share information below does not purport to represent what the value of Forum and C1 would have been had the companies been combined during the periods presented.
C1 | Forum |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Pro Forma
Combined Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands, except share and per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 |
||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,185 | ) | $ | 335 | $ | (12,228 | ) | $ | (12,228 | ) | |||||
Stockholders equity (deficit) |
(289 | ) | 5,000 | (10,514 | ) | (10,514 | ) | |||||||||
Weighted average shares outstandingbasic and diluted |
4,864,925 | 68,882,384 | 69,335,145 | |||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
(0.04 | ) | (0.18 | ) | (0.18 | ) | ||||||||||
Stockholders equity (deficit) per sharebasic and diluted |
1.03 | (0.15 | ) | (0.15 | ) | |||||||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2016 (C1) and For the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 (Forum) |
||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 8,349 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 11,016 | $ | 11,016 | |||||||
Weighted average shares outstandingbasic |
3,750,000 | 69,577,720 | 69,577,720 | |||||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per share |
(0.00 | ) | 0.16 | 0.16 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted |
3,750,000 | 71,377,720 | 71,377,720 | |||||||||||||
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
$ | (0.00 | ) | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.15 |
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Stockholders should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all of the other information included in this proxy statement/prospectus, before they decide whether to vote or instruct their vote to be cast to approve the proposals described in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references to the Combined Entity refer to Forum and its consolidated subsidiaries after giving effect to the Business Combination. References in this section to Forum and the Company refer to Forum Merger Corporation and references in this section to C1 refer to C1 Investment Corp. and its subsidiaries.
Risks Factors Relating to C1
Risks Relating to C1s Business and Industry
C1s results of operations and ability to grow could be negatively affected if C1 cannot adapt and expand its technology offerings and services in response to ongoing market changes.
The collaboration and technology solutions business and markets are characterized by rapid technological change, evolving industry standards, changing client preferences, and new product and service introductions. C1s success depends on its ability to continue to develop and implement technology offerings and services that anticipate or timely respond to rapid and continuing changes in technology and industry developments and offerings by new technology providers to serve the evolving needs of Forums clients. Examples of areas of significant change in the industry include cloud, software-defined infrastructure, virtualization, security, mobility, data analytics, and IoT, the continued shift from maintenance to managed services and ultimately to cloud-based services, as-a-service solutions, security, and information technology automation. In addition, enterprises are continuing to shift from on-premise, hardware infrastructure to software-centric hosted solutions. Technological developments such as these may materially affect the cost and use of technology and services by C1s clients and could affect the nature of how C1s revenue is generated. These technologies, and others that may emerge, could reduce and, over time, replace some of C1s current business. In addition, clients may delay spending under existing contracts and engagements and may delay entering into new contracts while they evaluate new technologies. If C1 does not sufficiently invest in new technology, industry developments, and C1s personnel, or evolve and expand its business at sufficient speed and scale, or if C1 does not make the right strategic investments to respond to these developments and successfully drive innovation, C1s technology offerings and services, C1s results of operations, and C1s ability to develop and maintain a competitive advantage and to continue to grow could be negatively affected.
In addition, if C1 is unable to keep up with changes in technology and new hardware, software, and services offerings, for example, by providing the appropriate training to C1s account managers, sales technology specialists, engineers, and consultants to enable them to effectively sell and deliver such new offerings to clients, C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely affected.
C1s business depends on its technology partner relationships and the availability of their products.
C1 has relationships with over 100 technology partners, including Avaya, Cisco, Dell, IBM, Interactive Intelligence, and Microsoft. C1s business depends on the sale and installation of a variety of hardware and software it purchases for resale from technology partners, which include original equipment manufacturers, or OEMs, software publishers, and wholesale distributors. C1 is authorized by its technology partners to sell all or some of their technology offerings via direct marketing activities. C1s authorization with each technology partner is subject to specific terms and conditions regarding but not limited to, sales channel restrictions, product return privileges, price protection policies, purchase discounts, and technology partner programs and funding, including purchase rebates, sales volume rebates, purchasing incentives, and cooperative advertising reimbursements. However, C1 does not have long-term contracts with many of its technology partners and many of these arrangements are terminable upon notice by either party. Material changes to the agreements with C1s
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technology partners, including changes to purchase discounts and rebate programs, or C1s failure to timely react to such changes, could have an adverse effect on its business, results of operations, or financial condition.
The priorities and objectives of its partners may differ from C1. As most of C1s relationships are non-exclusive, C1s partners are not prohibited from competing with C1 or forming closer or preferred arrangements with C1s competitors. From time to time, technology partners may terminate or limit C1s right to sell some or all of their technology offerings or change the terms and conditions or reduce or discontinue the incentives that they offer C1. For example, there is no assurance that, as C1s technology partners continue to sell directly to customers and through resellers, they will not limit or curtail the availability of their products to solutions providers like C1. Any such termination or limitation or the implementation of such changes could have a negative impact on C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
In addition, C1s success is dependent on its ability to develop relationships with and sell hardware, software, and services from new emerging vendors, including vendors that C1s has not historically represented in the marketplace. To the extent that a vendors offering that is highly in demand is not available to C1 to provide in one or more client channels, and there is not a competitive offering from another vendor that C1 is authorized to sell in such client channels, or C1 is unable to develop relationships with new technology providers or companies that C1 has not historically represented, Forums business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely impacted.
In addition, the termination of key technology partner relationships as a result of the sale, spin-off, combination, bankruptcy, or other similar circumstances of any of C1s technology partners and/or certain of their business units, including any such sale to or combination with a vendor with whom C1 does not currently have a commercial relationship or whose products C1 does not sell, could have an adverse impact on C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
CI relies on a small number of key vendors for a significant portion of its technology offerings revenue.
Although C1 purchases from a diverse vendor base, in 2016, products manufactured by Avaya and Cisco represented 30% and 29%, respectively, of C1s technology offerings revenue. The loss of, or change in business relationship with, either of these or any other key technology partners, the diminished availability or quality of their products, or backlogs for their products leading to manufacturer allocation, could reduce the supply and increase the cost of products C1 sells and negatively impacts C1s competitive position. In addition, C1 relies on one distributor that supplies a significant portion of C1s Avaya products and the termination of this distributor relationship could negatively impact C1s business.
Avaya, which was C1s largest vendor as a percentage of C1s technology offerings revenue in 2015 and 2016, filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 in January 2017, filed its preliminary plan of reorganization in April 2017 and had its Chapter 11 plan of reorganization approved by the Bankruptcy Court in November 2017. As a result of Avayas restructuring, new or existing clients may elect to delay purchasing decisions with respect to Avaya technology offerings or may choose to replace existing Avaya technology offerings with the technology offerings of other vendors. Although C1 has partner relationships with a diverse vendor base, new or existing clients may elect to purchase such alternative technology offerings from a provider other than C1 or such alternative technology offerings may have lower margins. Delays in customer purchasing decisions, or an election by C1s clients to purchase alternative technology offerings from C1 or from other providers, could result in lower revenues and gross profits or margins or otherwise have an adverse effect on C1s business, although C1 cannot estimate the impact at this time.
If C1 is unable to expand or renew sales to existing clients, or attract new clients, C1s growth could be slower than it expects and its business may be harmed.
C1s future growth depends upon expanding sales and renewals of C1s technology offerings and services with existing clients. C1s clients may not purchase C1s technology offerings and services, or C1s clients may reduce their purchasing volumes, if C1 does not demonstrate the value proposition for their investment, and C1
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may not be able to replace existing clients with new clients. In addition, C1s clients may not renew their contracts with C1 on the same terms, or at all, because of dissatisfaction with C1s service. If C1s clients do not renew their contracts, C1s revenue may grow more slowly than expected, may not grow at all, or may decline. Additionally, increasing incremental sales to C1s current client base may require increasingly sophisticated and costly sales efforts that are targeted at senior management. C1 plans to continue expanding its sales efforts but it may be unable to hire qualified sales personnel, may be unable to successfully train those sales personnel that C1 is able to hire, and sales personnel may not become fully productive on the timelines that it has projected, or at all. Additionally, although C1 dedicates significant resources to sales and marketing programs, these sales and marketing programs may not have the desired effect and may not expand sales. C1 cannot assure you that its efforts will increase sales to existing clients or additional revenue. If C1s efforts to upsell to its clients are not successful, its future growth may be limited.
C1s ability to achieve significant growth in revenue in the future will also depend upon its ability to attract new clients. This may be particularly challenging where an organization has already invested substantial personnel and financial resources to integrate competing technology offerings and services into its business, as such organization may be reluctant or unwilling to invest in new technology offerings and services. If C1 fails to attract new clients and maintain and expand those client relationships, its revenue may grow more slowly than expected and its business may be harmed.
Demand for C1s technology offerings and services could be adversely affected by volatile, negative, or uncertain economic conditions and the effects of these conditions on C1s clients businesses.
C1s revenue and profitability depend on the demand for its technology offerings and services, which could be negatively affected by numerous factors, many of which are beyond C1s control. Volatile, negative, or uncertain economic conditions affect C1s clients businesses and the markets C1 serves. Such economic conditions in C1s markets have undermined, and could in the future undermine, business confidence in C1s markets and cause C1s clients to reduce or defer their spending on new technology offerings and services, or may result in clients reducing, delaying or eliminating spending under existing contracts with C1, which would negatively affect C1s business. Growth in the markets C1 serves could be at a slow rate, or could stagnate or contract, in each case for an extended period of time. Ongoing economic volatility and uncertainty and changing demand patterns affect C1s business in a number of other ways, including making it more difficult to accurately forecast client demand and effectively build C1s revenue and resource plans.
Economic volatility and uncertainty is particularly challenging because it may take some time for the effects and changes in demand patterns resulting from these and other factors to manifest themselves in C1s business and results of operations. Changing demand patterns from economic volatility and uncertainty could have a significant negative impact on C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Substantial competition could reduce C1s market share and significantly harm its financial performance.
C1s current competition includes:
| in-house IT departments; |
| global service providers and integrators; |
| local and regional providers; |
| resellers; and |
| equipment manufacturers. |
C1 expects the competitive landscape in which it competes to continue to change as new technologies are developed. While innovation can help its business as it creates new offerings for C1 to sell and provide complementary services, it can also disrupt C1s business model and create new and stronger competitors. For
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instance, while cloud-based solutions present an opportunity for C1, cloud-based solutions and technologies that deliver technology solutions as a service could increase the amount of sales directly to clients rather than through solutions providers like C1, or could reduce the amount of hardware C1 sells, leading to a reduction in C1s technology offerings revenue and/or profitability. In addition, some of C1s hardware and software technology partners sell, and could intensify their efforts to sell, their products directly to C1s clients. Moreover, traditional OEMs have increased their services capabilities through mergers and acquisitions with service providers, which could potentially increase competition in the market to provide comprehensive technology solutions to clients. If any of these trends becomes more prevalent, it could adversely affect C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1 focuses on offering a high level of service to gain new clients and retain existing clients. To the extent C1 faces increased competition to gain and retain clients, C1 may be required to reduce prices, increase advertising expenditures, or take other actions that could adversely affect its business, results of operations, or financial condition. Additionally, some of its competitors may reduce their prices in an attempt to stimulate sales, which may require C1 to reduce prices. This would require C1 to sell a greater number of products and services to achieve the same level of revenue and gross profit. If such a reduction in prices occurs and C1 is unable to attract new clients and sell increased quantities of products and services, C1s sales growth and profitability could be adversely affected.
C1s future results will depend on its ability to continue to focus its resources and manage costs effectively.
C1 is continually implementing productivity measures and focusing on measures intended to further improve cost efficiency. C1 may be unable to realize all expected cost savings in connection with these efforts within the expected time frame, or at all, and it may incur additional and/or unexpected costs to realize them. Further, C1 may not be able to sustain any achieved savings in the future. Future results will depend on the success of these efforts.
If C1 is unable to control costs, it may incur losses, which could decrease its operating margins and significantly reduce or eliminate its profits. C1s future profitability will depend on its ability to manage costs or increase productivity. An inability to effectively manage costs could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1s profitability could suffer if C1 is not able to manage large and complex projects and complete fixed-price, fixed-timeframe contracts on budget and on time.
C1s profitability and operating results are dependent on the scale of its projects and the prices it is able to charge for its technology offerings and services. C1 performs a significant portion of its work through fixed-price contracts, in which it assumes full control of the project team and manage all facets of execution. As a significant portion of C1s projects are on a fixed-price model, it may be unable to accurately estimate the appropriate project price and successfully manage such projects. Although C1 uses specified technical processes and its past experience to reduce the risks associated with estimating, planning, and performing fixed-price and fixed-timeframe projects, C1 faces the risk of cost overruns, completion delays, and wage inflation in connection with these projects. If C1 fails to accurately estimate the resources or time required for a project or future rates of wage inflation, or if C1 fails to perform contractual obligations within the contractual timeframe, C1s profitability could suffer.
The challenges of managing larger and more complex projects include:
| maintaining high-quality control and process execution standards; |
| maintaining planned resource utilization rates on a consistent basis; |
| maintaining productivity levels and implementing necessary process improvements; |
| controlling project costs; |
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| maintaining close client contact and high levels of client satisfaction; |
| recruiting and retaining sufficient numbers of skilled IT professionals; and |
| maintaining effective client relationships. |
In addition, large and complex projects may involve multiple engagements or stages, and there is a risk that a client may choose not to retain C1 for additional stages or may cancel or delay additional planned engagements. Such cancellations or delays may make it difficult to plan C1s project resource requirements, and may result in lower profitability levels than C1 anticipated upon commencing engagements.
C1s investments in new services and technologies may not be successful.
C1 continues to invest in new services and technologies, including cloud, software-defined infrastructure, virtualization, security, mobility, data analytics, and IoT. The complexity of these solutions, C1s learning curve in developing and supporting them, and significant competition in the markets for these solutions could make it difficult for C1 to market and implement these solutions successfully. Additionally, there is a risk that C1s clients may not adopt these solutions widely, which would prevent C1 from realizing expected returns on these investments. Even if these solutions are successful in the market, they still rely on third-party hardware and software and C1s ability to meet stringent service levels. If C1 is unable to deploy these solutions successfully or profitably, it could adversely impact its business, results of operations, or financial condition.
If C1 loses any of its key personnel, or is unable to attract and retain the talent required for its business, C1s business could be disrupted and its financial performance could suffer.
C1s success is heavily dependent upon its ability to attract, develop, engage, and retain key personnel to manage and grow its business, including C1s key executive, management, sales, services, and technical personnel.
C1s future success will depend to a significant extent on the efforts of C1s executive officers, John A. McKenna, Jr., C1s President, Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board; John F. Lyons, C1s President, Field Organization; Paul K. Maier, C1s President, Services Organization; and Jeffrey E. Nachbor, C1s Chief Financial Officer, as well as the continued service and support of other key employees. C1s future success also will depend on its ability to attract and retain highly skilled technology specialists, engineers, and consultants, for whom the market is extremely competitive. All of C1s officers and key employees are at-will employees, meaning that they can terminate their employment with C1 at any time. Further, C1 does not maintain key man life insurance policies for any of its officers or key employees.
C1s inability to attract, develop, and retain key personnel could have an adverse effect on its relationships with its technology partners and clients and adversely affect C1s ability to expand its offerings of technology offerings and services. Moreover, C1s inability to train its sales, services, and technical personnel effectively to meet the rapidly changing technology needs of its clients could cause a decrease in the overall quality and efficiency of such personnel. Such consequences could adversely affect C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1s ability to attract and retain business and personnel may depend on its reputation in the marketplace.
C1 believes its brand name and its reputation in the marketplace are important corporate assets that help distinguish C1s technology offerings and services from those of competitors and also contribute to C1s ability to recruit and retain talented personnel, in particular its engineers and consulting professionals. However, C1s corporate reputation is potentially susceptible to material damage by events such as disputes with clients, cybersecurity breaches, service outages, internal control deficiencies, delivery failures, or compliance violations. Similarly, C1s reputation could be damaged by actions or statements of current or former clients, directors, employees, competitors, vendors, partners, C1s joint ventures or joint venture partners, adversaries in legal proceedings, legislators, or government regulators, as well as members of the investment community or the
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media. There is a risk that negative information about C1, even if based on rumor or misunderstanding, could adversely affect its business. Damage to C1s reputation could be difficult, expensive and time-consuming to repair, could make potential or existing clients reluctant to select C1 for new engagements, resulting in a loss of business, and could adversely affect C1s recruitment and retention efforts. Damage to C1s reputation could also reduce the value and effectiveness of C1s brand name and could reduce investor confidence in C1, adversely affecting the Combined Entitys share price.
C1 has experienced rapid internal growth as well as growth through acquisitions in recent periods. If C1 fails to manage its growth effectively, or its business does not grow as expected, C1s operating results may suffer.
C1s headcount and operations have grown substantially. C1 had approximately 2,001 employees as of September 30, 2017, as compared with approximately 1,092 employees as of September 30, 2015. This growth has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on C1s operational, financial, and management infrastructure. C1 anticipates further increases in headcount will be required to support increases in its technology offerings and continued expansion. To manage this growth effectively, C1 must continue to improve its operational, financial, and management systems and controls by, among other things:
| effectively attracting, training, and integrating a large number of new employees, particularly technical personnel and members of C1s management and sales teams; |
| further improving C1s key business systems, processes, and information technology infrastructure to support C1s business needs; |
| enhancing C1s information and communication systems to ensure that C1s employees are well-coordinated and can effectively communicate with each other and C1s clients; and |
| improving C1s internal control over financial reporting and disclosure controls and procedures to ensure timely and accurate reporting of C1s operational and financial results. |
If C1 fails to manage its expansion or implement C1s new systems, or if C1 fails to implement improvements or maintain effective internal controls and procedures, C1s costs and expenses may increase more than expected and C1 may not expand its client base, increase renewal rates, enhance its existing applications, develop new applications, satisfy its clients, respond to competitive pressures, or otherwise execute its business plan. If C1 is unable to manage its growth, C1s operating results likely will be harmed.
Future acquisitions could disrupt C1s business and may divert managements attention, and if unsuccessful, harm C1s business.
C1 may choose to expand by making additional acquisitions that could be material to its business. C1 has in the past made several acquisitions of complementary businesses, including acquisitions in 2017 of RGTS, Strategic Products and Services, Annese & Associates, Inc. and AOS and in 2015 of SIGMAnet, MSN Communications, and Sunturn. Acquisitions involve many risks, including the following:
| an acquisition may negatively affect C1s results of operations and financial condition because it may require C1 to incur charges or assume substantial debt or other liabilities, may cause adverse tax consequences or unfavorable accounting treatment, may expose C1 to claims and disputes by third parties, including intellectual property claims and disputes, or may not generate sufficient financial return to offset additional costs and expenses related to the acquisition; |
| C1 may encounter difficulties or unforeseen expenditures in integrating the business, technologies, products, personnel, or operations of any company that it acquires, particularly if key personnel of the acquired company decide not to work for C1; |
| an acquisition may disrupt its ongoing business, divert resources, increase C1s expenses, or distract its management; |
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| an acquisition may result in a delay or reduction of client purchases for both C1 and the company it acquired due to client uncertainty about continuity and effectiveness of service from either company; |
| C1 may encounter difficulties in, or may be unable to, successfully sell any acquired technology offerings or services; |
| an acquisition may involve the entry into geographic or business markets in which C1 has little or no prior experience or where competitors have stronger market positions; |
| the challenges inherent in effectively managing an increased number of employees in diverse locations; |
| the potential strain on its financial and managerial controls and reporting systems and procedures; |
| the potential known and unknown liabilities associated with an acquired company; |
| C1s use of cash to pay for acquisitions would limit other potential uses for its cash; |
| if C1 incurs additional debt to fund such acquisitions, such debt may subject C1 to additional material restrictions on its ability to conduct its business as well as additional financial maintenance covenants; |
| the risk of impairment charges related to potential write-downs of acquired assets or goodwill in future acquisitions; |
| to the extent that C1 issues a significant amount of equity or equity-linked securities in connection with future acquisitions, existing stockholders may be diluted and earnings per share may decrease; and |
| managing the varying intellectual property protection strategies and other activities of an acquired company. |
C1 may not succeed in addressing these or other risks or any other problems encountered in connection with the integration of any acquired business. The inability to integrate successfully the business, technologies, products, personnel, or operations of any acquired business, or any significant delay in achieving integration, could harm its business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1 may not be able to recognize revenue in the period in which its services are performed, which may cause C1s margins to fluctuate.
C1s services are performed under both time-and-material and fixed-price contract arrangements. All revenue is recognized pursuant to applicable accounting standards. C1 recognizes revenue from professional services, which includes the design, configuration, installation, and integration of business communication and data systems, as the services are performed and all obligations have been substantially met. C1s failure to meet all the obligations, or otherwise meet a clients expectations, may result in C1 having to record the cost related to the performance of services in the period that services were rendered, but delay the timing of revenue recognition to a future period in which all obligations have been met.
C1 may experience quarterly fluctuations in its operating results due to a number of factors, which makes its future results difficult to predict and could cause its operating results to fall below expectations.
C1s quarterly operating results have fluctuated in the past and C1 expects them to fluctuate in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of C1s control. As a result, C1s past results may not be indicative of its future performance, and comparing C1s operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful. In addition to the other risks described herein, factors that may affect C1s quarterly operating results include:
| changes in spending on collaboration and technology offerings and services by C1s current or prospective clients; |
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| pricing C1s technology offerings and services effectively so that C1 is able to attract and retain clients without compromising its operating results; |
| attracting new clients and increasing C1s existing clients use of C1s technology offerings and services; |
| the mix between wholesale and retail maintenance new contracts and renewals; |
| client renewal rates and the amounts for which agreements are renewed; |
| seasonality and its effect on client demand; |
| awareness of C1s brand; |
| changes in the competitive dynamics of C1s market, including consolidation among competitors or clients and the introduction of new technologies and technology enhancements; |
| changes to the commission plans, quotas, and other compensation-related metrics for C1s sales representatives; |
| the amount and timing of payment for operating expenses, particularly sales and marketing expense; |
| C1s ability to manage its existing business and future growth, domestically and internationally; |
| unforeseen costs and expenses related to the expansion of C1s business, operations, and infrastructure, including disruptions in C1s hosting network infrastructure and privacy and data security; and |
| general economic and political conditions in C1s domestic and international markets. |
C1 may not be able to accurately forecast the amount and mix of future technology offerings and services, size or duration of contracts, revenue, and expenses and, as a result, C1s operating results may fall below its estimates.
C1 could be held liable for damages or its reputation could suffer from security breaches or disclosure of confidential information or personal data.
C1 is dependent on IT networks and systems to process, transmit, and securely store electronic information and to communicate among its locations and with its clients. Through C1s cloud technology offerings, C1 processes, transmits, and stores electronic information of its clients. Security breaches of this infrastructure could lead to shutdowns or disruptions of C1s systems and potential loss or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information or data, including personal data. In addition, many of C1s engagements involve projects that are critical to the operations of C1s clients businesses. The theft and/or unauthorized use or publication of C1s, or C1s clients, confidential information or other proprietary business information as a result of such an incident could adversely affect C1s competitive position and reduce marketplace acceptance of C1s services. Any failure in the networks or computer systems used by C1 or its clients could result in a claim for substantial damages against C1 and significant reputational harm, regardless of C1s responsibility for the failure.
In addition, C1 often has access to or are required to manage, utilize, collect, and store sensitive or confidential client or employee data, including personal data. As a result, C1 is subject to numerous U.S. and non-U.S. laws and regulations designed to protect this information, such as the European Union Directive on Data Protection and various U.S. federal and state laws governing the protection of personal data. If any person, including any of C1s employees, negligently disregards or intentionally breaches controls or procedures with which C1 is responsible for complying with respect to such data, or otherwise mismanages or misappropriates that data, or if unauthorized access to or disclosure of data in C1s possession or control occurs, C1 could be subject to liability and penalties in connection with any violation of applicable privacy laws and/or criminal prosecution, as well as significant liability to C1s clients or C1s clients customers for breaching contractual
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confidentiality and security provisions or privacy laws. These risks will increase as C1 continues to grow its cloud-based offerings and services and store and process increasingly large amounts of C1s clients confidential information and data and host or manage parts of C1s clients businesses, especially in industries involving particularly sensitive data such as the financial services industry and the healthcare industry. The loss or unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client or employee data, including personal data, whether through breach of computer systems, systems failure, employee negligence, fraud or misappropriation, or otherwise, could damage C1s reputation and cause it to lose clients. Similarly, unauthorized access to or through C1s information systems and networks or those C1 develops or manages for its clients, whether by C1s employees or third parties, could result in negative publicity, legal liability, and damage to C1s reputation, which could in turn harm C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
If C1 causes disruptions in its clients businesses or provides inadequate service, C1s clients may have claims for substantial damages against C1, which could cause C1 to lose clients, have a negative effect on C1s corporate reputation, and adversely affect its results of operations.
If C1 makes errors in the course of delivering services to its clients or fails to consistently meet its service level obligations or other service requirements of C1s clients, these errors or failures could disrupt C1s clients business, which could result in a reduction in its revenue or a claim for substantial damages against C1. In addition, a failure or inability by C1 to meet a contractual requirement could subject C1 to penalties, cause C1 to lose clients or damage C1s brand or corporate reputation, and limit C1s ability to attract new business.
The services C1 provides are often critical to C1s clients businesses. Certain of C1s client contracts require C1 to comply with security obligations including maintaining network security and backup data, ensuring C1s network is virus-free, maintaining business continuity planning procedures, and verifying the integrity of employees that work with C1s clients by conducting background checks. Any failure in a clients system, failure of C1s data center, cloud or other offerings, or breach of security relating to the services C1 provides to the client could damage C1s reputation or result in a claim for substantial damages against C1. Any significant failure of C1s equipment or systems, or any major disruption to basic infrastructure in the locations in which C1 operates, such as power and telecommunications, could impede C1s ability to provide services to C1s clients, have a negative impact on C1s reputation, cause C1 to lose clients, and adversely affect its results of operations.
Under C1s client contracts, C1s liability for breach of its obligations is in some cases limited pursuant to the terms of the contract. Such limitations may be unenforceable or otherwise may not protect it from liability for damages. In addition, certain liabilities, such as claims of third parties for which C1 may be required to indemnify its clients, are generally not limited under C1s contracts. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against C1 in amounts greater than those covered by C1s current insurance policies could harm C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition. Even if such assertions against it are unsuccessful, C1 may incur reputational harm and substantial legal fees.
The length and unpredictability of the sales cycle for C1s technology offerings and services could delay new sales and cause C1s revenue and cash flows for any given quarter to fail to meet C1s projections or market expectations.
The sales cycle between C1s initial contact with a potential client and the signing of a contract to provide technology offerings and services varies. As a result of the variability and length of the sales cycle, C1 has a limited ability to forecast the timing of sales. A delay in or failure to complete transactions could harm C1s business and financial results, and could cause C1s financial results to vary significantly from quarter to quarter. C1s sales cycle varies widely, reflecting differences in C1s potential clients decision-making processes, procurement requirements, and budget cycles, and is subject to significant risks over which C1 has little or no control, including:
| C1s clients budgetary constraints and priorities; |
| the timing of C1s clients budget cycles; and |
| the length and timing of clients approval processes. |
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Reliance on shipments at the end of the quarter could cause C1s revenue for the applicable period to fall below expected levels. C1s profitability depends, in part, on the volume of technology offerings and services sold, and C1 may be unable to achieve increases in its profit margins in the future.
As a result of client purchasing patterns and the efforts of C1s client engagement team to meet or exceed their performance objectives, C1 has historically generated a substantial portion of revenue during the last few weeks of each quarter. If expected revenue at the end of any quarter is delayed for any reason, including the failure of anticipated purchase orders to materialize, its inability to ship and demonstrate clients receipt of products prior to quarter-end to fulfill purchase orders received near the end of the quarter, its failure to manage inventory to meet demand, its inability to release new products on schedule, or any failure of its systems related to order review and processing, C1s revenue for that quarter could fall below Forums expectations, which could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Seasonality may cause fluctuations in C1s revenue and profitability.
C1 believes there are significant seasonal factors that cause C1 to record higher revenue in some quarters compared to others. C1 believes this variability is largely due to its clients and technology partners fiscal year ends, as well as budgetary and spending patterns of its clients. For example, C1 has historically generated a higher portion of its sales in the second half of each year, at which point its cost of revenue and commission expense increases relative to any increase in revenue. The increased cost of revenue and commission expense, and other impacts of seasonality, may affect profitability in a given quarter. C1s growth rate may have made seasonal fluctuations more difficult to detect. If C1s growth rate slows over time, seasonal or cyclical variations in C1s operations may become more pronounced, and C1s business, results of operations, or financial position may be adversely affected.
C1s work with government clients exposes C1 to additional risks inherent in the government contracting environment.
C1 provides IT services to various government agencies, including federal, state, and local government entities. For 2016, approximately 7% of C1s total revenue was derived from sales to federal, state, and local governments. While C1s sales to public sector clients are diversified across various agencies and departments, changes in law, regulation, or the political climate, or an across-the-board change in government spending policies, including budget cuts at the federal level, could result in C1s public sector clients reducing their purchases and terminating their service contracts, which could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Furthermore, C1 derives a substantial portion of its government contracts revenue from contracts awarded through competitive procurement processes, which can impose substantial costs upon C1 to prepare for and participate in competitions. Moreover, there is no assurance that C1s proposal will be selected for any future opportunity and even where C1 is awarded a contract, the award may be subject to protest by competitors, which may require the contracting agency or department to suspend C1s performance pending the outcome of the protest.
In addition, government contracts often contain additional audit rights, termination for convenience provisions, compliance, and disclosure obligations, and are subject to heightened reputational and contractual risks compared to contracts with commercial clients, including the risk of False Claims Act prosecutions and/or suspensions or debarment proceedings. The additional obligations and risks could affect not only C1s business with the particular government entities involved, but also C1s business with other entities of the same or other governmental bodies or with certain commercial clients, and could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
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C1s technology offerings and services could infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others or C1 might lose its ability to utilize the intellectual property of others.
C1 cannot be sure that its brand, technology offerings, and services, including, for example, the software solutions of others that C1 offers to its clients, do not infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties, and these third parties could claim that C1 or its clients are infringing upon their intellectual property rights. These claims could harm C1s reputation, cause C1 to incur substantial costs or prevent the Company from offering some services or solutions in the future, or require C1 to rebrand. Any related proceedings could require C1 to expend significant resources over an extended period of time. In most of C1s contracts, C1 agrees to indemnify its clients for expenses and liabilities resulting from claimed infringements of the intellectual property rights of third parties. In some instances, the amount of these indemnities could be greater than the revenue C1 receives from the client. Any claims or litigation in this area, regardless of merit, could be time-consuming and costly, damage C1s reputation, and/or require C1 to incur additional costs to obtain the right to continue to offer a service or solution to its clients. If C1 cannot secure this right at all or on reasonable terms, or, alternatively, substitute a non-infringing technology, C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition could be harmed. Similarly, if C1 is unsuccessful in defending a trademark claim, C1 could be forced to re-brand, which could harm its business, results of operations, or financial condition. Additionally, in recent years, individuals and firms have purchased intellectual property assets where their sole or primary purpose is to assert claims of infringement against technology providers and clients that use such technology. Any such action naming C1 or its clients could be costly to defend or lead to an expensive settlement or judgment against C1 Moreover, such an action could result in an injunction being ordered against C1s client or C1s own services or operations, causing further damages.
If C1 is unable to protect its intellectual property rights from unauthorized use or infringement by third parties, its business could be adversely affected.
C1s success depends, in part, upon its ability to protect its proprietary methodologies and other intellectual property. Existing laws offer only limited protection of C1s intellectual property rights, and the protection in some countries in which C1 operates or may operate in the future may be very limited. C1 relies upon a combination of confidentiality policies, nondisclosure and other contractual arrangements, and trade secret, copyright, and trademark laws to protect its intellectual property rights. These laws are subject to change at any time and could further limit its ability to protect its intellectual property. There is uncertainty concerning the scope of available intellectual property protection for software and business methods, which are fields in which C1 relies on intellectual property laws to protect its rights. The validity and enforceability of any intellectual property right C1 obtains may be challenged by others and, to the extent it has enforceable intellectual property rights, those intellectual property rights may not prevent competitors from reverse engineering its proprietary information or independently developing technology offerings and services similar to or duplicative of C1. Further, the steps C1 takes in this regard might not be adequate to prevent or deter infringement or other misappropriation of its intellectual property by competitors, former employees or other third parties, and C1 might not be able to detect unauthorized use of, or take appropriate and timely steps to enforce, its intellectual property rights. Enforcing C1s rights might also require considerable time, money, and oversight, and C1 may not be successful in enforcing its rights.
If C1 is unable to collect its receivables from, or bill its unbilled services to, its clients, its business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely affected.
C1s business depends on its ability to successfully obtain payment from its clients of the amounts they owe C1 for technology offerings sold or services performed. C1 typically evaluates the financial condition of its clients and usually bills and collects on relatively short cycles. C1 maintains allowances against receivables and unbilled services. Actual losses on client balances could differ from those that C1 currently anticipate and, as a result, C1 might need to adjust its allowances. There is no guarantee that C1 will accurately assess the creditworthiness of its clients. Macroeconomic conditions could also result in financial difficulties for C1s clients, including limited access to the credit markets, insolvency, or bankruptcy, and, as a result, could cause
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clients to delay payments to C1, request modifications to their payment arrangements that could increase C1s receivables balance, or default on their payment obligations to C1. See C1s business depends on its technology partner relationships and the availability of their products. Timely collection of client balances also depends on C1s ability to complete its contractual commitments and bill and collect its contracted revenue. If C1 is unable to meet its contractual requirements, it might experience delays in collection of and/or be unable to collect its client balances, and if this occurs, C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely affected. In addition, if C1 experiences an increase in the time to bill and collect for its services, C1s cash flows could be adversely affected.
Increased costs of labor and employee health and welfare benefits may adversely impact C1s results of operations.
Given C1s large number of employees, labor-related costs represent a significant portion of its expenses. Salaries, wages, benefits, commissions, and other labor compensation costs excluding bonus and payroll tax for its full-time employees amounted to $176.4 million in 2016, which represented approximately 71% of its selling, general and administrative expenses and approximately 10% of its cost of revenue. An increase in labor costs, for example, as a result of increased competition for skilled labor, or employee benefit costs, such as health care costs or otherwise, could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1 relies on third-party companies to perform certain of its obligations to clients, which could impact its business if not performed.
C1 delivers and manages mission-critical software, systems and network solutions for its clients. C1 also offers certain services, such as implementation, installation, and deployment services, to its clients through various third-party providers who are engaged to perform these services on C1s behalf. C1 is also required, as a component of some of its contracts with its OEM partners, to utilize their engineers as part of its solutions. In addition, C1 supports approximately 150 multinational clients through its Aura and Unified Comms alliances, offering access to more than 50 IT service providers in approximately 60 countries and enabling it to offer its managed services internationally. If C1 or its third-party services providers, including its alliance service providers, fail to provide high-quality services to its clients, or if such services result in a disruption of C1s clients businesses, it could be subject to legal claims, proceedings, and liability.
The interruption of the flow of products from suppliers could disrupt C1s supply chain.
A significant portion of the products C1 sells are manufactured or purchased by its technology partners outside of the United States, primarily in Asia. Political, social, or economic instability in Asia, or in other regions in which its technology partners purchase or manufacture the products C1 sells, could cause disruptions in trade, including exports to the United States. Other events that could also cause disruptions to C1s supply chain include:
| the imposition of additional trade law provisions or regulations or changes to existing trade laws provisions or regulations; |
| the imposition of additional duties, tariffs, and other charges on imports and exports; |
| foreign currency fluctuations; |
| natural disasters or other adverse occurrences at, or affecting, any of C1s suppliers facilities; |
| restrictions on the transfer of funds; |
| the financial instability or bankruptcy of manufacturers; and |
| significant labor disputes, such as strikes. |
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C1 cannot predict whether the countries in which the products it sells are purchased or manufactured, or may be purchased or manufactured in the future, will be subject to new or additional trade restrictions or sanctions imposed by the U.S. or foreign governments, including the likelihood, type or effect of any such restrictions. Trade restrictions, including new or increased tariffs or quotas, embargoes, sanctions, safeguards, and customs restrictions against the products C1 sells, as well as foreign labor strikes and work stoppages or boycotts, could increase the cost or reduce the supply of product available to C1 and adversely affect C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition. In addition, C1s exports are subject to regulations and noncompliance with these requirements could have a negative effect on its business, results of operations, or financial condition.
C1s global operations are subject to complex risks, some of which might be beyond its control.
C1s clients have operations across South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia. Although international revenue currently represents a small portion of its business, C1s revenue from clients outside of the United States may expand in the future as C1 expands its international presence. As a result, C1 may be subject to risks inherently associated with international operations, including risks associated with foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, difficulties in enforcing intellectual property and/or contractual rights, the burdens of complying with a wide variety of foreign laws and regulations, potentially adverse tax consequences, tariffs, quotas, and other barriers, potential difficulties in collecting accounts receivable, international hostilities, terrorism, and natural disasters. Expansion of international operations also increases the likelihood of potential or actual violations of domestic and international anticorruption laws, such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or of U.S. and international export control and sanctions regulations. C1 may also face difficulties integrating any new facilities in different countries into its existing operations, as well as integrating employees that it hires in different countries into its existing corporate culture. If C1 is unable to manage the risks of its global operations, its business, results of operations, or financial condition could be adversely affected.
Changes in accounting rules could adversely affect C1s future financial results.
C1 prepares its financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP or GAAP). These accounting principles are subject to interpretation by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the SEC, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, and various other bodies formed to interpret and create appropriate accounting policies. Technology offerings and services, and the manner in which they are bundled, are technologically complex and the characterization of these technology offerings and services requires judgment to apply revenue recognition policies. Any mischaracterization of these technology offerings and services could result in misapplication of revenue recognition policies. Future periodic assessments required by current or new accounting standards may result in non-cash changes and/or changes in presentation or disclosure. In addition, any change in accounting standards may influence C1s clients decision to purchase from C1 or to finance transactions with C1, which could adversely impact C1s business, results of operations, or financial condition.
Risks Related to C1s Indebtedness
C1 faces risks related to its substantial indebtedness.
As of September 30, 2017, C1 had total outstanding debt of $519.6 million. C1s substantial leverage could adversely affect its ability to raise additional capital to fund its operations, limit its ability to react to changes in the economy or its industry, expose C1 to interest rate risk associated with its variable rate debt, and prevent C1 from meeting its obligations under its credit facilities. Substantially all of C1s assets are secured by its credit facilities. C1s substantial indebtedness could have important consequences to C1, including:
| making it more difficult for C1 to satisfy its obligations with respect to its debt, and any failure to comply with the obligations under its debt instruments, including restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default under the agreements governing its indebtedness increasing its vulnerability to general economic and industry conditions; |
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| reducing the benefits C1 expects to receive from its recent and any future acquisition transactions; |
| requiring a substantial portion of C1s cash flow from operations to be dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on its debt, thereby reducing its ability to use its cash flow to fund its operations, capital expenditures, selling and marketing efforts, product development, future business opportunities, and other purposes; |
| exposing C1 to the risk of increased interest rates as substantially all of its borrowings are at variable rates; |
| restricting C1 from making strategic acquisitions and from pursuing certain business opportunities; |
| limiting C1s ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, product development, debt service requirements, acquisitions, and general corporate or other purposes; and |
| limiting C1s flexibility and ability to plan for, or adjust to, changing market conditions and placing it at a competitive disadvantage compared to its competitors who may be less highly leveraged. |
The occurrence of any one of these events could have an adverse effect on C1s business, results of operations, financial condition, and ability to satisfy its obligations under its indebtedness.
Despite C1s high indebtedness level, C1 and its subsidiaries may still be able to incur significant additional amounts of debt, which could further exacerbate the risks associated with its substantial indebtedness.
C1 and its subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. Although the agreements governing C1s indebtedness contain restrictions on the incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of significant qualifications and exceptions and, under certain circumstances, the amount of indebtedness that could be incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial.
C1s debt agreements impose significant operating and financial restrictions on C1 and its subsidiaries that may prevent C1 from pursuing certain business opportunities and restrict its ability to operate its business.
The credit agreements governing C1s credit facilities contain covenants that restrict C1 and its subsidiaries ability to take various actions, such as:
| incur additional indebtedness and make guarantees; |
| create liens on assets; |
| engage in mergers or consolidations; |
| sell assets, including sale and leaseback transactions; |
| make fundamental changes; |
| pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock; |
| make investments, loans and advances, including acquisitions; |
| engage in certain transactions with affiliates; |
| make changes in the nature of its business and organizational documents; and |
| make prepayments of junior debt. |
The restrictions in the credit agreements governing C1s credit facilities also limit its ability to plan for or react to market conditions, meet capital needs, or otherwise restrict its activities or business plans and adversely affect its ability to finance its operations, enter into acquisitions or to engage in other business activities that could be in its interest.
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To service C1s indebtedness and other cash needs, C1 requires a significant amount of cash. C1s ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond its control.
C1s ability to satisfy its debt obligations and to fund any planned capital expenditures, dividends, and other cash needs will depend in part upon the future financial and operating performance of its subsidiaries and upon its ability to renew or refinance borrowings. C1 cannot assure you that its business will generate cash flow from operations, or that it will be able to draw under its revolving credit facilities or otherwise, in an amount sufficient to fund its liquidity needs, including the payment of principal and interest on its indebtedness. Prevailing economic conditions and financial, business, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond its control, will affect its ability to make these payments.
If C1 is unable to make payments, refinance its debt or obtain new financing under these circumstances, it may consider other options, including:
| sales of assets; |
| sales of equity; |
| reduction or delay of capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions, investments, and alliances; or |
| negotiations with its lenders to restructure the applicable debt. |
These alternative measures may not be successful and may not permit C1 to meet its scheduled debt service obligations. C1s ability to restructure or refinance its debt will depend on the condition of the capital markets and its financial condition at such time. Any refinancing of C1s debt could be at higher interest rates and may require C1 to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict its business operations. In addition, the terms of the credit agreements governing the credit facilities may restrict C1 from adopting some of these alternatives. In the absence of sufficient cash flow from operating results and other resources, C1 could face substantial liquidity problems and could be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet its debt service and other obligations. C1 may not be able to consummate those dispositions for fair market value, or at all. Furthermore, any proceeds that C1 could realize from any such dispositions may not be adequate to meet its debt service obligations then due. C1s inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy its debt obligations, or to refinance its indebtedness on commercially reasonable terms or at all, could adversely impact its business, results of operation, and financial condition.
Any decline in the ratings of C1s corporate credit could adversely affect its ability to access capital.
Any decline in the ratings of C1s corporate credit or any indications from the rating agencies that their ratings on its corporate credit are under surveillance or review with possible negative implications could adversely impact its ability to access capital.
C1 is subject to fluctuations in interest rates.
Borrowings under C1s credit facilities are subject to variable rates of interest and expose C1 to interest rate risk. For example, assuming the revolving portion of C1s credit facilities is fully drawn along with the outstanding term loan balance as of September 30, 2017, on a pro forma basis, each 0.5% change in assumed blended interest rates would result in an approximately $3.3 million change in annual interest expense on indebtedness. At present, C1 does not have any existing interest rate swap agreements, which involve the exchange of floating for fixed rate interest payments to reduce interest rate volatility. However, C1 may decide to enter into such swaps in the future. If C1 does, it may not maintain interest rate swaps with respect to all of its variable rate indebtedness and any swaps C1 enters into may not fully mitigate its interest rate risk, may prove disadvantageous, or may create additional risks.
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Risks Related to Forum and the Business Combination
Forum has no operating history and is subject to a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution requirement. If Forum is unable to consummate a business combination, including the Business Combination, its public stockholders may be forced to wait more than 24 months before receiving distributions from the Trust Account.
Forum is a development stage blank check company, and as it has no operating history and is subject to a mandatory liquidation and subsequent dissolution requirement. Forum has until April 12, 2019 to complete a business combination. Forum has no obligation to return funds to investors prior to such date unless (i) it consummates a business combination prior thereto or (ii) it seeks to amend its Charter prior to consummation of a business combination, and only then in cases where investors have sought to convert or sell their shares to Forum. Only after the expiration of this full time period will public security holders be entitled to distributions from the Trust Account if Forum is unable to complete a business combination. Accordingly, investors funds may be unavailable to them until after such date and to liquidate their investment, public security holders may be forced to sell their Public Shares, Rights or Warrants, potentially at a loss. In addition if Forum fails to complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, there will be no redemption rights or liquidating distributions with respect to the Rights and Warrants, which will expire worthless, unless Forum amends its Charter to extend its life and certain other agreements it has entered into.
Forums independent registered public accounting firms report contains an explanatory paragraph that expresses substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.
As of September 30, 2017, Forum had $174,964,734 in cash held in trust and a working capital of $191,300. Further, Forum has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant costs in pursuit of its financing and acquisition plans, including the Business Combination. Forum cannot assure you that its plans to raise capital or to consummate an initial business combination, including the Business Combination, will be successful. These factors, among others, raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. The financial statements contained elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus do not include any adjustments that might result from its inability to consummate the Business Combination or its inability to continue as a going concern.
Following the consummation of the Business Combination, Forums only significant asset will be ownership of 100% of C1 and such ownership may not be sufficient to pay dividends or make distributions or loans to enable it to pay any dividends on its Common Stock.
Following the consummation of the Business Combination, Forum will have no direct operations and no significant assets other than the ownership of 100% of C1. Forum will depend on C1 for distributions, loans and other payments to generate the funds necessary to meet Forums financial obligations, including Forums expenses as a publicly traded company, and to pay any dividends with respect to its Common Stock. In addition, there are legal and contractual restrictions in agreements governing current and future indebtedness of C1, as well as the financial condition and operating requirements of C1. The earnings from, or other available assets of, C1, may not be sufficient to pay dividends or make distributions or loans to enable Forum to pay any dividends on its Common Stock or satisfy its other financial obligations.
Subsequent to the consummation of the Business Combination, Forum may be required to take write-downs or write-offs, restructuring and impairment or other charges that could have a significant negative effect on its financial condition, results of operations and stock price, which could cause you to lose some or all of your investment.
Although Forum has conducted due diligence on C1, Forum cannot assure you that this diligence revealed all material issues that may be present in C1s business, that it would be possible to uncover all material issues through a customary amount of due diligence, or that factors outside of Forums and C1s control will not later arise. As a result, Forum may be forced to later write-down or write-off assets, restructure its operations, or incur impairment or other charges that could result in losses. Even if Forums due diligence successfully identifies
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certain risks, unexpected risks may arise and previously known risks may materialize in a manner not consistent with Forums preliminary risk analysis. Even though these charges may be non-cash items and may not have an immediate impact on Forums liquidity, the fact that Forum reports charges of this nature could contribute to negative market perceptions about the Combined Entitys or Forums securities. In addition, charges of this nature may cause Forum to be unable to obtain future financing on favorable terms or at all.
The Sponsor has agreed to vote in favor of such initial business combination, regardless of how Forums public stockholders vote.
Unlike some other blank check companies in which the initial stockholders agree to vote their founders shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by the public stockholders in connection with an initial business combination, the holders of the Founders Shares and Placement Shares have agreed (i) to vote any such shares in favor of any proposed business combination, including the Business Combination, (ii) not to convert any such shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination, and (iii) not to sell any such shares to Forum in a tender offer in connection with any proposed business combination. Our Sponsor, directors and officers have agreed to vote their shares in favor of the Business Combination Proposal. As a result, we would need only 6,071,251, or approximately 35.2%, of the 17,250,000 Public Shares, to be voted in favor of the Business Combination in order to have the Business Combination approved (assuming that the 172,500 Representative Shares held by EBC are voted in favor of the Business Combination). Accordingly, it is more likely that the necessary stockholder approval will be received than would be the case if the Sponsor agreed to vote its Founders Shares and Placement Shares in accordance with the majority of the votes cast by Forums public stockholders.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information included in this proxy statement/prospectus may not be indicative of what Forums actual financial position or results of operations would have been.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information in this proxy statement/prospectus is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of what Forums actual financial position or results of operations would have been had the Business Combination been completed on the dates indicated. See the section entitled Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Combined Financial Information for more information.
If third parties bring claims against Forum, the proceeds held in trust could be reduced and the per-share redemption price received by stockholders may be less than $10.10.
Forums placing of funds in trust may not protect those funds from third party claims against Forum. Although Forum will seek to have all vendors and service providers Forum engages and prospective target businesses Forum negotiates with execute agreements with Forum waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the Trust Account for the benefit of Forums public stockholders, they may not execute such agreements. Furthermore, even if such entities execute such agreements with Forum, they may seek recourse against the Trust Account. A court may not uphold the validity of such agreements. Accordingly, the proceeds held in trust could be subject to claims which could take priority over those of Forums public stockholders. If Forum is unable to complete a business combination and distribute the proceeds held in trust to Forums public stockholders, the Sponsor has agreed (subject to certain exceptions described elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus) that it will be liable to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per share by the claims of target businesses or claims of vendors or other entities that are owed money by Forum for services rendered or contracted for or products sold to Forums. However, it may not be able to meet such obligation. Therefore, the per-share distribution from the Trust Account may be less than $10.10, plus interest, due to such claims.
Additionally, if Forum is forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against Forums which is not dismissed, the proceeds held in the Trust Account could be subject to applicable bankruptcy law, and may be included in Forums bankruptcy estate and subject to the claims of third parties with
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priority over the claims of Forums stockholders. To the extent any bankruptcy claims deplete the Trust Account, Forum may not be able to return to Forums public stockholders at least $10.10. The Sponsor may not have sufficient funds to satisfy its indemnity obligations, as its only assets are securities of Forum. Forum has not asked the Sponsor to reserve for such indemnification obligations. As a result, if any such claims were successfully made against the Trust Account, the funds available for Forums initial business combination, including the Business Combination, and redemptions could be reduced to less than $10.10 per Public Share.
Forums stockholders may be held liable for claims by third parties against Forum to the extent of distributions received by them.
Forums Charter provides that it will continue in existence only until April 12, 2019. If Forum has not completed a business combination by such date, Forum will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including any interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account net of interest that may be used by Forum to pay its franchise and income taxes payable and up to $100,000 for dissolution expenses, divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of Forums remaining stockholders and Forums board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject (in the case of (ii) and (iii) above) to Forums obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law.
If Forum is forced to file a bankruptcy case or an involuntary bankruptcy case is filed against Forum which is not dismissed, any distributions received by stockholders could be viewed under applicable debtor/creditor and/or bankruptcy laws as either a preferential transfer or a fraudulent conveyance. As a result, a bankruptcy court could seek to recover all amounts received by Forums stockholders. Furthermore, because Forum intends to distribute the proceeds held in the Public Shares to Forums public stockholders promptly after expiration of the time Forum has to complete an initial business combination, this may be viewed or interpreted as giving preference to Forums public stockholders over any potential creditors with respect to access to or distributions from Forums assets. Furthermore, Forums board of directors may be viewed as having breached their fiduciary duties to Forums creditors and/or may have acted in bad faith, and thereby exposing itself and Forum to claims of punitive damages, by paying public stockholders from the Trust Account prior to addressing the claims of creditors. Forum cannot assure you that claims will not be brought against it for these reasons.
Neither Forum nor its stockholders will have the protection of any indemnification, escrow, price adjustment or other provisions that allow for a post-closing adjustment to be made to the total merger consideration in the event that any of the representations and warranties made by C1 in the Merger Agreement ultimately proves to be inaccurate or incorrect.
The representations and warranties made by C1 and Forum to each other in the Merger Agreement will not survive the consummation of the Business Combination. As a result, Forum and its stockholders will not have the protection of any indemnification, escrow, price adjustment or other provisions that allow for a post-closing adjustment to be made to the total merger consideration if any representation or warranty made by C1 in the Merger Agreement proves to be inaccurate or incorrect. Accordingly, to the extent such representations or warranties are incorrect, Forum would have no indemnification claim with respect thereto and its financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.
If Forum does not file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, holders will only be able to exercise such Warrants on a cashless basis.
If Forum does not file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants at the time that holders wish to exercise such Warrants, they will
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only be able to exercise them on a cashless basis provided that an exemption from registration is available. As a result, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that holders will receive upon exercise of the Warrants will be fewer than it would have been had such holder exercised his Warrant for cash. Further, if an exemption from registration is not available, holders would not be able to exercise on a cashless basis and would only be able to exercise their Warrants for cash if a current and effective prospectus relating to the Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants is available. Under the terms of the warrant agreement, Forum has agreed to use its best efforts to meet these conditions and to file and maintain a current and effective prospectus relating to the Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants until the expiration of the Warrants. However, Forum cannot assure you that it will be able to do so. If Forum is unable to do so, the potential upside of the holders investment in Forum may be reduced or the Warrants may expire worthless.
Even if Forum consummates the Business Combination, there is no guarantee that the Warrants will ever be in the money, and they may expire worthless and the terms of Warrants may be amended.
The exercise price for the Warrants is $11.50 per share of Class A Common Stock. There is no guarantee that the Public Warrants will ever be in the money prior to their expiration, and as such, the Warrants may expire worthless.
In addition, Forums Warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as warrant agent, and Forum. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Warrants to make any other change. Accordingly, Forum may amend the terms of the Warrants in a manner adverse to a holder if holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Warrants approve of such amendment. Although Forums ability to amend the terms of the Warrants with the consent of at least 50% of the then outstanding Warrants is unlimited, examples of such amendments could be amendments to, among other things, increase the exercise price of the Warrants, shorten the exercise period or decrease the number of shares and their respective affiliates and associates have of Common Stock purchasable upon exercise of a Warrant.
Forum may amend the terms of the Rights in a manner that may be adverse to holders with the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Rights.
The Rights are issued in registered form under a right agreement between Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as rights agent, and Forum. The right agreement provides that the terms of the Rights may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision. The right agreement requires the approval by the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Rights in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders.
Forum has no obligation to net cash settle the Rights or Warrants.
In no event will Forum have any obligation to net cash settle the Rights or Warrants. Furthermore, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the Rights or Warrants upon consummation of an initial business combination, including the Business Combination, or exercise of the Warrants. Accordingly, the Rights and Warrants may expire worthless.
Forums ability to successfully effect the Business Combination and to be successful thereafter will be totally dependent upon the efforts of its key personnel, including C1s key personnel, all of whom are expected to join Forum following the Business Combination. While Forum intends to closely scrutinize any individuals it engages after the Business Combination, it cannot assure you that its assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct.
Forums ability to successfully effect the Business Combination is dependent upon the efforts of Forums key personnel, including key personnel of C1. Although Forum expects all of such key personnel to remain with C1 following the Business Combination, it is possible that Forum will lose some key personnel, the loss of which
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could negatively impact the operations and profitability of the Combined Entity. While Forum intends to closely scrutinize any individuals it engages after the Business Combination, it cannot assure you that its assessment of these individuals will prove to be correct. These individuals may be unfamiliar with the requirements of operating a public company which could cause Forum to have to expend time and resources helping them become familiar with such requirements. This could be expensive and time-consuming and could lead to various regulatory issues which may adversely affect its operations.
Forums Sponsor, directors and officers have interests in the Business Combination which may be different from or in addition to (and which may conflict with) the interests of its stockholders.
Forums Sponsor, officers and directors and their respective affiliates and associates have interests in and arising from the Business Combination that are different from or in addition to (and which may conflict with) the interests of Forums public stockholders, which may result in a conflict of interest. These interests include:
| unless Forum consummates an initial business combination, Forums officers, directors and sponsor will not receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount of available proceeds not deposited in the Trust Account; |
| as a condition to the Forum IPO, all of the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the consummation of an initial business combination with the ability to release 50% of the Founders Shares immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, Forum, the Sponsor, C1, and Clearlake entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release all of the Founders Shares held by the Sponsor from escrow to: (a) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (b) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (c) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the Placement Units, including the Placement Shares, Placement Rights and Placement Warrants, purchased by the Sponsor will be worthless if a business combination is not consummated; |
| the Sponsor has agreed that the Placement Units, and all of their underlying securities, will not be sold or transferred by it until 30 days after Forum has completed a business combination, subject to limited exceptions; |
| the fact that Sponsor paid an aggregate of $25,000 for its Founders Shares and such securities will have a significantly higher value at the time of the Business Combination; |
| the fact that Sponsor has agreed not to redeem any of the Founders Shares and Placement Shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination; |
| if Forum does not complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Units will be included in the liquidating distribution to Forums public stockholders and the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants will expire worthless; and |
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if the Trust Account is liquidated, including in the event Forum is unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period, the Sponsor has agreed to indemnify Forum to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per Public Share, by the claims of |
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prospective target businesses with which Forum has entered into an acquisition agreement or claims of any third party for services rendered or products sold to Forum, but only if such a vendor or target business has not executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account. |
A market for Forums securities may not continue, which would adversely affect the liquidity and price of its securities.
Following the Business Combination, the price of Forums securities may fluctuate significantly due to the markets reaction to the Business Combination and general market and economic conditions. An active trading market for Forums securities following the Business Combination may never develop or, if developed, it may not be sustained. In addition, the price of Forums securities after the Business Combination can vary due to general economic conditions and forecasts, Forums general business condition and the release of Forums financial reports. Additionally, if Forums securities are not listed on, or become delisted from, Nasdaq for any reason, and are quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board, an inter-dealer automated quotation system for equity securities that is not a national securities exchange, the liquidity and price of Forums securities may be more limited than if Forum were quoted or listed on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange. You may be unable to sell your securities unless a market can be established or sustained.
There can be no assurance that Forum will be able to comply with the continued listing standards of Nasdaq.
Forum Common Stock, Units, Warrants and Rights are listed on Nasdaq. Forums continued eligibility for listing may depend on the number of its shares that are redeemed. If, after the Business Combination, Nasdaq delists Forums securities from trading on its exchange for failure to meet the listing standards, Forum and its stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences including:
| a limited availability of market quotations for Forums securities; |
| a determination that Forum Common Stock is a penny stock which will require brokers trading in its Common Stock to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for Forum Common Stock; |
| a limited amount of analyst coverage; and |
| a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future. |
If the Business Combinations benefits do not meet the expectations of investors, stockholders or financial analysts, the market price of Forums securities may decline.
If the benefits of the Business Combination do not meet the expectations of investors or securities analysts, the market price of Forums securities prior to the Closing may decline. The market values of Forums securities at the time of the Business Combination may vary significantly from their prices on the date the Merger Agreement was executed, the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, or the date on which Forums stockholders vote on the Business Combination.
In addition, following the Business Combination, fluctuations in the price of Forums securities could contribute to the loss of all or part of your investment. Prior to the Business Combination, there has not been a public market for C1s stock and trading in the shares of Forum Common Stock has not been active. Accordingly, the valuation ascribed to C1 and Forum Common Stock in the Business Combination may not be indicative of the price that will prevail in the trading market following the Business Combination. If an active market for Forums securities develops and continues, the trading price of Forums securities following the Business Combination could be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors, some of which are beyond Forums control. Any of the factors listed below could have a material adverse effect on your investment in Forums securities and Forums securities may trade at prices significantly below the price you paid for them. In such circumstances, the trading price of Forums securities may not recover and may experience a further decline.
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Factors affecting the trading price of the Combined Entitys securities following the Business Combination may include:
| actual or anticipated fluctuations in the Combined Entitys quarterly financial results or the quarterly financial results of companies perceived to be similar to the Combined Entitys; |
| changes in the markets expectations about the Combined Entitys operating results; |
| success of competitors; |
| the Combined Entitys operating results failing to meet the expectation of securities analysts or investors in a particular period; |
| changes in financial estimates and recommendations by securities analysts concerning the Combined Entity or the market in general; |
| operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors deem comparable to the Combined Entity; |
| the Combined Entitys ability to market new and enhanced services and products on a timely basis; |
| changes in laws and regulations affecting the Combined Entitys business; |
| commencement of, or involvement in, litigation involving the Combined Entity; |
| changes in the Combined Entitys capital structure, such as future issuances of securities or the incurrence of additional debt; |
| the volume of shares of the Combined Entitys securities available for public sale; |
| any major change in the board or management; |
| sales of substantial amounts of Common Stock by Forums directors, executive officers or significant stockholders or the perception that such sales could occur; and |
| general economic and political conditions such as recessions, interest rates, fuel prices, international currency fluctuations and acts of war or terrorism. |
Broad market and industry factors may materially harm the market price of the Combined Entitys securities irrespective of its operating performance. The stock market in general and Nasdaq have experienced price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of the particular companies affected. The trading prices and valuations of these stocks, and of the Combined Entitys securities, may not be predictable. A loss of investor confidence in the market for retail stocks or the stocks of other companies which investors perceive to be similar to the Combined Entity could depress the Combined Entitys stock price regardless of the Combined Entitys business, prospects, financial conditions or results of operations. A decline in the market price of the Combined Entitys securities also could adversely affect the Combined Entitys ability to issue additional securities and the Combined Entitys ability to obtain additional financing in the future.
Following the Business Combination, if securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about the Combined Entity, its business, or its market, or if they change their recommendations regarding the Combined Entitys securities adversely, the price and trading volume of the Combined Entitys securities could decline.
The trading market for the Combined Entitys securities will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about Forum, its business, its market, or its competitors. Securities
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and industry analysts do not currently, and may never, publish research on Forum or the Combined Entity. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of the Combined Entity, Forums stock price and trading volume would likely be negatively impacted. If any of the analysts who may cover the Combined Entity change their recommendation regarding Forums stock adversely, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about Forums competitors, the price of the Combined Entitys securities would likely decline. If any analyst who may cover the Combined Entity were to cease coverage of the Combined Entity or fail to regularly publish reports on it, Forum could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause its stock price or trading volume to decline.
The future sales of shares by existing stockholders and future exercise of registration rights may adversely affect the market price of the Combined Entitys common stock.
Sales of a substantial number of shares of the Combined Entitys common stock in the public market could occur at any time. If the Combined Entitys stockholders sell, or the market perceives that the Combined Entitys stockholders intend to sell, substantial amounts of the Combined Entitys common stock in the public market, the market price of the Combined Entitys common stock could decline.
The holders of the Founders Shares, Placement Units (and their underlying securities), any Units that may be issued to Forums Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates upon conversion of working capital loans made to Forum (and their underlying securities) and the Representative Shares issued to EBC and/or its designees are entitled to make a demand that Forum register the resale of their securities and a majority of such holders are entitled to make up to three demands that Forum register such securities. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may only make a demand registration (i) on one occasion and (ii) during the five year period beginning on the effective date of the registration statement relating to the Forum IPO. The holders of the majority of the Founders Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of Common Stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the Placement Units or Units issued to Forums Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to Forum (in each case, including the underlying securities) can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after Forum consummates a business combination. In addition, the holders have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to Forums consummation of a business combination. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may participate in a piggy-back registration during the seven year period beginning on the effective date of the registration statement relating to the Forum IPO. The presence of these additional shares of Class A Common Stock trading in the public market may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Combined Entitys securities.
Warrants will become exercisable for Forum Common Stock, which would increase the number of shares eligible for future resale in the public market and result in dilution to Forum stockholders.
Forum issued Public Warrants to purchase 8,625,000 shares of Common Stock as part of the Forum IPO and in connection with the Forum IPO, Forum issued an aggregate of 311,250 Placement Warrants as part of the Placement Units to the Sponsor. Each whole Warrant is exercisable to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at $11.50 per share. To the extent such Warrants are exercised, additional shares of Forum Common Stock will be issued, which will result in dilution to the then existing holders of Common Stock of the Forum and increase the number of shares eligible for resale in the public market. Sales of substantial numbers of such shares in the public market could adversely affect the market price of Forum Common Stock.
Forums public stockholders may experience dilution as a consequence of, among other transactions, the issuance of Common Stock as consideration in the Business Combination and the PIPE Investment. Having a minority share position may reduce the influence that Forums current stockholders have on the management of the Combined Entity.
It is anticipated that, upon the closing of the Business Combination, Forums public stockholders (other than the PIPE Investment investors but including EBC) will retain an ownership interest of approximately 26.0% in
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the Combined Entity, the PIPE Investment investors will own approximately 24.4% of the Combined Entity (such that public stockholders, including PIPE Investment investors, will own approximately 50.4% of the Combined Entity), the Sponsor will retain an ownership interest of approximately 5.3% in the Combined Entity and the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 44.3% of the outstanding common stock of the Combined Entity.
These relative percentages reflect the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Class A Common Stock at the Closing and assume (i) no payment of Earnout Consideration in the Merger Agreement and (ii) forfeiture of 3,234,375 Founders Shares. The ownership percentage with respect to the Combined Entity following the Business Combination does not take into account (i) the redemption of any shares by Forums public stockholders or (ii) the exercise of UPO and Warrants outstanding following the Business Combination. If the actual facts are different than these assumptions (which they are likely to be), the percentage ownership retained by the Companys existing stockholders in the Combined Entity will be different.
Forum may redeem the unexpired Warrants prior to their exercise at a time that is disadvantageous to Warrant holders, thereby making their Warrants worthless.
Forum has the ability to redeem outstanding Warrants at any time after they become exercisable and prior to their expiration, at a price of $0.01 per Warrant, provided that the last reported sales price of the Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading-day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date Forum sends the notice of redemption to the Warrant holders. If and when the Warrants become redeemable by Forum, Forum may exercise its redemption right even if Forum is unable to register or qualify the underlying securities for sale under all applicable state securities laws. Redemption of the outstanding Warrants could force you (i) to exercise your Warrants and pay the exercise price therefor at a time when it may be disadvantageous for you to do so, (ii) to sell your Warrants at the then-current market price when you might otherwise wish to hold your Warrants or (iii) to accept the nominal redemption price which, at the time the outstanding Warrants are called for redemption, is likely to be substantially less than the market value of your Warrants. None of the Placement Warrants and warrants underlying the units issuable upon conversion of working capital loan will be redeemable by Forum so long as they are held by their initial purchasers or their permitted transferees.
Anti-takeover provisions contained in the proposed amended and restated certificate of incorporation and proposed amended and restated bylaws, as well as provisions of Delaware law, could impair a takeover attempt.
The Amended Charter will contain provisions that may discourage unsolicited takeover proposals that stockholders may consider to be in their best interests. Forum is also subject to anti-takeover provisions under Delaware law, which could delay or prevent a change of control. Together these provisions may make more difficult the removal of management and may discourage transactions that otherwise could involve payment of a premium over prevailing market prices for Forums securities. These provisions are described in the Section titled The Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal.
Activities taken by Forums affiliates to purchase, directly or indirectly, Public Shares will increase the likelihood of approval of the Business Combination Proposal and the other Proposals and may affect the market price of the Forums securities.
Forums Sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates may purchase shares in privately negotiated transactions either prior to or following the consummation of the Business Combination. None of Forums Sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates will make any such purchases when such parties are in possession of any material non-public information not disclosed to the seller or during a restricted period under Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Although none of Forums Sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates currently anticipate paying any premium purchase price for such Public Shares, in the event such parties do, the payment of a premium may not be in the best interest of those stockholders not receiving any such additional consideration. There is no limit on the number of shares that could be acquired by Forums Sponsor, directors, officers, advisors or their affiliates, or the price such parties may pay.
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If such transactions are effected, the consequence could be to cause the Business Combination to be approved in circumstances where such approval could not otherwise be obtained. Purchases of shares by the persons described above would allow them to exert more influence over the approval of the Business Combination Proposal and other proposals and would likely increase the chances that such Proposals would be approved. If the market does not view the Business Combination positively, purchases of Public Shares may have the effect of counteracting the markets view, which would otherwise be reflected in a decline in the market price of Forums securities. In addition, the termination of the support provided by these purchases may materially adversely affect the market price of Forums securities.
As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, no agreements with respect to the private purchase of Public Shares by Forum or the persons described above have been entered into with any such investor or holder. Forum will file a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC to disclose private arrangements entered into or significant private purchases made by any of the aforementioned persons that would affect the vote on the Business Combination Proposal or other proposals.
Changes in laws or regulations, or a failure to comply with any laws and regulations, may adversely affect Forums business, investments and results of operations.
Forum is subject to laws, regulations and rules enacted by national, regional and local governments. In particular, Forum is required to comply with certain SEC, Nasdaq and other legal or regulatory requirements. Compliance with, and monitoring of, applicable laws, regulations and rules may be difficult, time consuming and costly. Those laws, regulations and rules and their interpretation and application may also change from time to time and those changes could have a material adverse effect on Forums business, investments and results of operations. In addition, a failure to comply with applicable laws, regulations and rules, as interpreted and applied, could have a material adverse effect on Forums business and results of operations.
Risks Related to the Redemption
If you or a group of stockholders of which you are a part are deemed to hold an aggregate of 20.0% or more of Forum Common Stock issued in the Forum IPO, you (or, if a member of such a group, all of the members of such group in the aggregate) will lose the ability to redeem all such shares of 20.0% or more of Forum Common Stock issued in the Forum IPO.
A public stockholder, together with any of his, her or its affiliates or any other person with whom it is acting in concert or as a group (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from redeeming in the aggregate his, her or its shares or, if part of such a group, the groups shares, of 20% or more of the shares of Common Stock included in the Units sold in the Forum IPO. Forum refers to such shares in excess of an aggregation of 20% or more of the shares sold in the Forum IPO as Unredeemable Shares. In order to determine whether a stockholder is acting in concert or as a group with another stockholder, Forum will require each public stockholder seeking to exercise redemption rights to certify to Forum whether such stockholder is acting in concert or as a group with any other stockholder. Such certifications, together with other public information relating to stock ownership available to Forum at that time, such as Section 13D, Section 13G and Section 16 filings under the Exchange Act, will be the sole basis on which Forum makes the above-referenced determination. Your inability to redeem any Unredeemable Shares will reduce your influence over Forums ability to consummate the Business Combination and you could suffer a material loss on your investment in Forum if you sell Unredeemable Shares in open market transactions. Additionally, you will not receive redemption distributions with respect to the Unredeemable Shares if Forum consummates the Business Combination. As a result, in order to dispose of such shares, you would be required to sell your stock in open market transactions, potentially at a loss. Notwithstanding the foregoing, stockholders may challenge Forums determination as to whether a stockholder is acting in concert or as a group with another stockholder in a court of competent jurisdiction.
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There is no guarantee that a stockholders decision whether to redeem their shares for a pro rata portion of the Trust Account will put the stockholder in a better future economic position.
Forum can give no assurance as to the price at which a stockholder may be able to sell its Public Shares in the future following the completion of the Business Combination or any alternative business combination. Certain events following the consummation of any initial business combination, including this Business Combination, may cause an increase in Forums share price, and may result in a lower value realized now than a stockholder of Forum might realize in the future had the stockholder redeemed their shares. Similarly, if a stockholder does not redeem their shares, the stockholder will bear the risk of ownership of the Public Shares after the consummation of any initial business combination, and there can be no assurance that a stockholder can sell its shares in the future for a greater amount than the redemption price set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus. A stockholder should consult the stockholders own tax and/or financial advisor for assistance on how this may affect his, her or its individual situation.
If Forums stockholders fail to comply with the redemption requirements specified in this proxy statement/prospectus, they will not be entitled to redeem their shares of Forum Common Stock for a pro rata portion of the funds held in the Trust Account.
Holders of Public Shares are not required to affirmatively vote either for or against the Business Combination Proposal or any other proposal in order to exercise their rights to redeem their shares for a pro rata portion of the Trust Account. In order to exercise their redemption rights, they are required to submit a request in writing and deliver their stock (either physically or electronically) to Forums transfer agent at least two (2) business days prior to the Special Meeting. Stockholders electing to redeem their shares will receive their pro rata portion the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to it to pay the Companys franchise and income taxes, calculated as of two (2) business days prior to the anticipated consummation of the Business Combination. See the section entitled Special Meeting of Forum StockholdersRedemption Rights for additional information on how to exercise your redemption rights.
Forums stockholders who wish to redeem their shares for a pro rata portion of the Trust Account must comply with specific requirements for redemption that may make it more difficult for them to exercise their redemption rights prior to the deadline.
Forums public stockholders who wish to redeem their shares for a pro rata portion of the Trust Account must, among other things as fully described in the section titled Special Meeting of Forum StockholdersRedemption Rights, tender their certificates to Forums transfer agent or deliver their shares to the transfer agent electronically through the DTC at least two business days prior to the Special Meeting. In order to obtain a physical stock certificate, a stockholders broker and/or clearing broker, DTC and Forums transfer agent will need to act to facilitate this request. It is Forums understanding that stockholders should generally allot at least two weeks to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent. However, because Forum does not have any control over this process or over the brokers, which Forum refers to as DTC, it may take significantly longer than two weeks to obtain a physical stock certificate. If it takes longer than anticipated to obtain a physical certificate, stockholders who wish to redeem their shares may be unable to obtain physical certificates by the deadline for exercising their redemption rights and thus will be unable to redeem their shares.
The ability to execute Forums strategic plan could be negatively impacted to the extent a significant number of stockholders choose to redeem their shares in connection with the Business Combination.
In the event the aggregate cash consideration Forum would be required to pay for all shares of Class A Common Stock that are validly submitted for redemption plus any amount required to satisfy cash conditions pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement exceeds the aggregate amount of cash available to Forum, the Company may be required to increase the financial leverage Forums business would have to support. This may negatively impact Forums ability to execute on its own future strategic plan.
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Risks Related to the Combined Entity and the Business Combination
The Combined Entity may be a controlled company within the meaning of the applicable rules of Nasdaq and, as a result, may qualify for exemptions from certain corporate governance requirements. If the Combined Entity relies on these exemptions, its stockholders will not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to such requirements.
Upon the Closing, depending on the number of shares of Common Stock redeemed by Forums public stockholders a fund managed by Clearlake may control a majority of the voting power of the Combined Entitys outstanding common shares. Assuming the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment and a redemption price of $10.15 per share, if more than approximately 12,898,098 of the Public Shares are redeemed, equaling approximately 74.8% of such shares, then entities affiliated with Clearlake will hold 50.0% or more of the Combined Entitys Common Stock, and the Combined Entity will be a controlled company within the meaning of applicable rules of Nasdaq upon the Closing of the Business Combination. Under these rules, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power for the election of directors is held by an individual, group or another company is a controlled company and may elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements, including the requirements:
| that a majority of the board of directors consists of independent directors; |
| for an annual performance evaluation of the nominating and corporate governance and compensation committees; |
| that the Combined Entity has a nominating and corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibilities; and |
| that the Combined Entity has a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibility. |
If available, the Combined Entity may use these exemptions now or in the future. As a result, the Combined Entitys stockholders may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of companies that are subject to all of the Nasdaq Stock Market corporate governance requirements.
Clearlake will have a significant degree of control of the Combined Entity and its interests may conflict with Combined Entitys or yours in the future.
Upon the Closing, investment funds associated with or designated by Clearlake will have a significant degree of control over the election of the members of the Combined Entitys board of directors and thereby may control the Combined Entitys policies and operations, including the appointment of management, future issuances of the Combined Entitys common stock or other securities, the payment of dividends, if any, on the Combined Entitys common stock, the incurrence or modification of debt by the Combined Entity, amendments to the Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, and the entering into of extraordinary transactions, and its interests may not in all cases be aligned with your interests. In addition, Clearlake may have an interest in pursuing acquisitions, divestitures, and other transactions that, in its judgment, could enhance its investment, even though such transactions might involve risks to you. For example, Clearlake could cause the Combined Entity to make acquisitions that increase the Combined Entitys indebtedness. Clearlake may direct the Combined Entity to make significant changes to the Combined Entitys business operations and strategy, including with respect to, among other things, sales of assets, employee headcount levels, and initiatives to reduce costs and expenses.
Assuming the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common in the PIPE Investment, if no Public Shares are redeemed, then entities affiliated with Clearlake will hold 35.8% of the Combined Entitys Common Stock upon the Closing of the Business Combination. So long as Clearlake continues to own a significant amount
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of the outstanding shares of the Combined Entitys common stock, even if such amount is less than 50%, Clearlake will continue to be able to strongly influence or effectively control the Combined Entitys decisions. In addition, so long as Clearlake continues to maintain this ownership, it will be able effectively to determine the outcome of all matters requiring stockholder approval and will be able to cause or prevent a change of control or a change in the composition of the Combined Entitys board of directors and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition of the Combined Entity. The concentration of ownership could deprive the stockholders of the Combined Entity of an opportunity to receive a premium for the Combined Entitys shares of common stock as part of a sale of the Combined Entity.
In the event of a conflict between the interests of Clearlake or its affiliates and the Combined Entity, the Combined Entity has adopted policies and procedures, specifically a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and a Related Person Transactions Policy, to identify, review, consider and approve such conflicts of interest. In general, if an affiliate of a director, executive officer or significant stockholder, including Clearlake, intends to engage in a transaction involving the Combined Entity, such director, executive officer or significant stockholder must report such transaction for consideration and approval by the Combined Entitys audit committee. The Combined Entity cannot provide assurances that its efforts and policies to eliminate the potential impacts of conflicts of interest will be effective.
The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware and the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forums for substantially all disputes between the Combined Entity and its stockholders, which could limit the Combined Entitys stockholders ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with the Combined Entity or its directors, officers, or employees.
The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for:
| any derivative action or proceeding brought on its behalf; |
| any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty; |
| any action asserting a claim against the Combined Entity arising under the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation, or the Combined Entitys amended and restated bylaws; and |
| any action asserting a claim against the Combined Entity that is governed by the internal-affairs doctrine. |
The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation will further provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.
These exclusive-forum provisions may limit a stockholders ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with the Combined Entity or its directors, officers, or other employees, which may discourage lawsuits against the Combined Entity and its directors, officers, and other employees. If a court were to find either exclusive-forum provision in the Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, it may incur additional costs associated with resolving the dispute in other jurisdictions, which could harm the Combined Entitys business.
If the Business Combination does not qualify as a tax-free reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Code, C1 Securityholders may incur a substantially greater U.S. federal income tax liability as a result of the Business Combination.
Forum and C1 anticipate that the U.S. holders of Company Stock generally will not recognize taxable gain or loss as a result of the Business Combination, except to the extent of cash or other property (other than Forum
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Common Stock) received. However, neither Forum nor C1 has requested, or intends to request, an opinion of tax counsel or a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS ) with respect to the tax consequences of the Business Combination and there can be no assurance that the companies position would be sustained by a court if challenged by the IRS. Accordingly, if the IRS or a court determines that the Business Combination does not qualify as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Code and is therefore fully taxable for U.S. federal income tax purposes, C1 Securityholders generally would recognize taxable gain or loss on their receipt of Total Consideration in connection with the Business Combination. For a more complete discussion of U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Business Combination, see the section titled The Business Combination ProposalMaterial U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Business Combination to U.S. Holders of C1 Stock .
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CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This proxy statement/prospectus contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements provide Forums current expectations or forecasts of future events. Forward-looking statements include statements about Forums expectations, beliefs, plans, objectives, intentions, assumptions and other statements that are not historical facts. The words anticipates, believe, continue, could, estimate, expect, intends, may, might, plan, possible, potential, predicts, project, should, would and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements in this proxy statement/prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements about Forums:
| benefits from the Business Combination; |
| ability to complete an initial business combination, including the Business Combination; |
| future financial performance following the Business Combination; |
| success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in, our officers, key employees or directors following an initial business combination; |
| officers and directors allocating their time to other businesses and potentially having conflicts of interest with Forums business or in approving our initial business combination, as a result of which they would then receive expense reimbursements; |
| public securities potential liquidity and trading; |
| use of proceeds not held in the Trust Account or available to Forum from interest income on the Trust Account balance; and |
| impact from the outcome of any known and unknown litigation. |
Forward-looking statements in this prospectus/proxy statement include, but are not limited to, statements about C1s:
| ability to grow and retain C1s client base; |
| ability to provide effective client support and induce our clients to renew and upgrade the technology offerings and services C1 provides for them; |
| ability to expand C1s sales organization to address effectively existing and new markets that it intends to target; |
| ability to forecast and maintain an adequate rate of revenue growth and appropriately plan its expenses; |
| expectations regarding future expenditures; |
| future mix of revenue and effect on gross margins; |
| attraction and retention of qualified employees and key personnel; |
| ability to compete effectively in a competitive industry; |
| ability to protect and enhance our corporate reputation and brand; |
| expectations concerning our relationships and actions with our technology partners and other third parties; |
| impact from future regulatory, judicial, and legislative changes in C1s industry; |
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| ability to locate and acquire complementary technologies or services and integrate those into C1s business; and |
| future arrangements with, or investments in, other entities or associations. |
These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.
In addition, statements that Forum or C1 believes and similar statements reflect such parities beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based upon information available to such party as of the date of this prospectus/proxy statement, and while such party believes such information forms a reasonable basis for such statements, such information may be limited or incomplete, and these statements should not be read to indicate that either Forum or C1 has conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely upon these statements.
You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements in deciding how to grant your proxy or instruct how your vote should be cast or vote your shares on the proposals set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus. As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, our actual results or performance may be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Some factors that could cause Forums actual results to differ include:
| the occurrence of any event, change or other circumstances that could give rise to the termination of the Business Combination; |
| the outcome of any legal proceedings that may be instituted against Forum, C1 or others following announcement of the Business Combination and the transactions contemplated therein; |
| the inability to complete the transactions contemplated by the Business Combination due to the failure to obtain approval of the stockholders of Forum or C1 or other conditions to closing in the Business Combination; |
| the risk that the proposed transaction disrupts current plans and operations as a result of the announcement and consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the ability to recognize the anticipated benefits of the Business Combination, which may be affected by, among other things, the ability of the Combined Entity to grow and manage growth profitably, maintain relationships with customers, compete within its industry and retain its key employees; |
| costs related to the proposed Business Combination; |
| the possibility that Forum or C1 may be adversely impacted by other economic, business, and/or competitive factors; |
| future exchange and interest rates; and |
| other risks and uncertainties indicated in this proxy statement/prospectus, including those under Risk Factors herein, and other filings that have been made or will be made with the SEC by Forum. |
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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Introduction
Forum is providing the following unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information to aid you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the Business Combination.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined balance sheet as of September 30, 2017 combines the unaudited historical consolidated balance sheet of C1 as of September 30, 2017 with the unaudited historical condensed consolidated balance sheet of Forum as of September 30, 2017, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had been consummated as of that date.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 combines the unaudited historical consolidated statement of income of C1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 with the unaudited historical condensed consolidated statement of operations of Forum for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed combined income statement for the year ended December 31, 2016 combines the audited historical statement of income of C1 for the year ended December 31, 2016 with the audited historical statement of operations of Forum for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, giving effect to the Business Combination as if it had occurred as of the beginning of the earliest period presented.
The historical financial information of C1 was derived from the unaudited consolidated financial statements of C1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the audited consolidated financial statements of C1 for the year ended December 31, 2016, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus statement. The historical financial information of Forum was derived from the unaudited condensed financial statements of Forum for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and the audited financial statements of Forum for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. This information should be read together with C1s and Forums audited and unaudited financial statements and related notes, the sections titled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1 , and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Forum , and other financial information included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Description of the Merger
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the aggregate consideration to be paid in the Business Combination will be equal to an amount equal to (i) the Enterprise Value, as defined in the Merger Agreement, minus (ii) the Closing Net Indebtedness, as defined in the Merger Agreement, (the Merger Consideration ) plus the contingent right to receive additional consideration based on the performance of the Company, during the calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020 (the Earnout Consideration , which together with the Merger Consideration, the Total Consideration ). The Merger Consideration will be paid in the form of: (i) cash from Forum and/or the Target Companies in an amount equal to (A) the total cash and cash equivalents of Forum, including funds from the PIPE Investment and Backstop Investment and the remaining funds in the Trust Account, after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption (the Forum Cash ), plus (B) the Closing Cash, as defined in the Merger Agreement, minus (C) $25,000,000; and (ii) a number of Forum Common Stock, valued at the Redemption Price, as defined in the Merger Agreement, per share, equal to the Merger Consideration less $25,000,000.
In connection with the Business Combination, Forum entered into Subscription Agreements with investors to purchase 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock for an amount of $143,675,000.
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The PIPE Investment was predicated on (i) the Sponsors agreement to cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon the Closing of the Business Combination; (ii) the Sponsors agreement to subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the earnout provisions of the Merger Agreement are not met by the Combined Entity; and (iii) C1s agreement to reduce the Merger Consideration by 499,752 shares of Common Stock. In the aggregate, the expected beneficial ownership of the Sponsor and the C1 Securityholders at the Closing was reduced by 3,734,127 shares of Common Stock at an assumed value of $10.10 per share to incentivize the prospective investors to commit to the PIPE Investment. The result was the issuance of 14,225,248 incremental shares to the investors in the PIPE Investment for an aggregate purchase price of $143,675,000 (and an aggregate issuance of 17,959,375 shares to the investors in the PIPE Investment).
The closing of the PIPE Investment is subject to certain conditions, including there being no Material Adverse Change (as such term is defined in the Merger Agreement) with respect to Forum or C1, and all conditions to the Business Combination, including the approval of Forums stockholders, having been satisfied or waived. Upon notice from Forum to the investors who executed the Subscription Agreements that Forum reasonably expects all closing conditions of the Business Combination to be satisfied or waived, the investors will have no less than five business days to fund their committed investment. The closing of the PIPE shall occur on the date of, and immediately prior to, the consummation of the Business Combination.
Accounting for the Merger
The Business Combination will be accounted for as a reverse merger in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting, Forum will be treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes. This determination was primarily based on C1 Securityholders expecting to have a majority of the voting power of the combined company, C1 comprising the ongoing operations of the combined entity, C1 comprising a majority of the governing body of the combined company, and C1s senior management comprising the senior management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination will be treated as the equivalent of C1 issuing stock for the net assets of Forum, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Forum will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the Business Combination will be those of C1.
Basis of Pro Forma Presentation
The historical financial information has been adjusted to give pro forma effect to events that are related and/or directly attributable to the Business Combination, are factually supportable and are expected to have a continuing impact on the results of the combined company. The adjustments presented on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial statements have been identified and presented to provide relevant information necessary for an accurate understanding of the combined company upon consummation of the Business Combination.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information is for illustrative purposes only. The financial results may have been different had the companies always been combined. You should not rely on the unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information as being indicative of the historical results that would have been achieved had the companies always been combined or the future results that the combined company will experience. C1 and Forum have not had any historical relationship prior to the Business Combination. Accordingly, no pro forma adjustments were required to eliminate activities between the companies.
The unaudited pro forma condensed combined financial information has been prepared assuming two alternative levels of redemption into cash of Forums Common Stock:
| Scenario 1Assuming no redemption into cash: This presentation assumes that no Forum stockholders exercise redemption rights with respect to their common stock upon consummation of the Business Combination; and |
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| Scenario 2Assuming redemptions of 17,250,000 shares of Forum Common Stock into cash: This presentation assumes that Forum stockholders exercise their redemption rights with respect to a maximum of 17,250,000 shares of Common Stock upon consummation of the Business Combination at a redemption price of approximately $10.13 per share. The maximum redemption amount is derived from the $125,000,000 closing cash required after giving effect to payments to redeeming stockholders. |
Included in the shares outstanding and weighted average shares outstanding as presented in the pro forma condensed combined financial statements are 30,707,970 shares of Common Stock to be issued to C1 Securityholders under Scenario 1 and 47,957,970 shares of Common Stock to be issued to C1 Securityholders under Scenario 2.
As a result of the Business Combination, assuming no Forum stockholders elect to redeem their shares for cash, C1 will own approximately 44.3% of Forum Common Stock to be outstanding immediately after the Business Combination, Forum stockholders will own approximately 31.3% of Forum Common Stock and the PIPE investors will own approximately 24.4% of Forum Common Stock, based on the number of shares of Forum Common Stock outstanding as of September 30, 2017 (in each case, not giving effect to any shares issuable to them upon exercise of warrants). If 17,250,000 shares of Common Stock are redeemed for cash, which assumes the maximum redemption of Forums shares and providing for a minimum of $125,000,000 closing cash required after giving effect to payments to redeeming stockholders, C1 will own approximately 67.7%, Forum will own approximately 5.3% and the PIPE investors will own approximately 24.4% of Forum Common Stock to be outstanding immediately after the Business Combination (in each case, not giving effect to any shares issuable to them upon exercise of warrants).
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PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED BALANCE SHEET AS OF SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except share amounts)
Scenario 1
Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Scenario 2
Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(A)
C1 |
(B)
Forum |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 7,683 | $ | 337 | $ | 174,965 | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(25,000 | ) | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2 | ) | (4) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
143,675 | (6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(303,243 | ) | (7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | (174,743 | ) | (5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1,805 | (8) | $ | 220 | 174,743 | (7) | $ | 220 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable, less allowances |
235,541 | | | 235,541 | | 235,541 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
23,101 | | | 23,101 | | 23,101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses |
9,851 | 78 | | 9,929 | | 9,929 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred customer support contract costs |
23,044 | | | 23,044 | | 23,044 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses and other |
2,660 | | | 2,660 | | 2,660 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Assets |
301,880 | 415 | (7,800 | ) | 294,495 | | 294,495 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account |
| 174,965 | (174,965 | ) | (1) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Goodwill |
308,893 | | 308,893 | | 308,893 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Finite-life intangibles, net |
148,955 | | 148,955 | | 148,955 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
41,830 | | 41,830 | | 41,830 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred customer support contracts, noncurrent |
800 | | 800 | | 800 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
2,618 | (2,618 | ) | (3) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 804,976 | $ | 175,380 | $ | (185,383 | ) | $ | 794,973 | $ | | $ | 794,973 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity (Deficit) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 142,007 | $ | 53 | $ | | $ | 142,060 | $ | | $ | 142,060 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Advances from related parties |
| 2 | (2 | ) | (4) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income taxes payable |
| 169 | | 169 | | 169 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current maturities of term debt |
5,050 | | | 5,050 | | 5,050 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Customer deposits |
19,316 | | | 19,316 | | 19,316 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued compensation |
17,281 | | | 17,281 | | 17,281 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accrued other |
17,107 | | | 17,107 | | 17,107 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue |
49,525 | | | 49,525 | | 49,525 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Current Liabilities |
250,286 | 224 | (2 | ) | 250,508 | | 250,508 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-term debt, net |
514,503 | | | 514,503 | | 514,503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
33,850 | | | 33,850 | | 33,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long term income tax payable |
1,846 | | | 1,846 | | 1,846 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities |
4,780 | | | 4,780 | | 4,780 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities |
805,265 | 224 | (2 | ) | 805,487 | | 805,487 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Commitments and Contingencies |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock subject to redemption |
| 170,156 | (170,156 | ) | (5) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stockholders Equity (Deficit) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock |
10 | 1 | 2 | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 | (6) | (2 | ) | (5) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(7 | ) | (7) | 7 | 2 | (8) | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
12,693 | 4,666 | (4,000 | ) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
170,154 | (5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
143,674 | (6) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(302,903 | ) | (7) | (174,741 | )) | (5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4,616 | (9) | 28,900 | 174,741 | (7) | 28,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subscription receivable |
(1,805 | ) | | 1,805 | (8) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Accumulated deficit) Retained earnings |
(11,187 | ) | 333 | (21,000 | ) | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(2,618 | ) | (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(333 | ) | (7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(4,616 | ) | (9) | (39,421 | ) | | (39,421 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Stockholders Equity (Deficit) |
(289 | ) | 5,000 | (15,225 | ) | (10,514 | ) | | (10,514 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities and Stockholders Equity (Deficit) |
$ | 804,976 | $ | 175,380 | $ | (185,383 | ) | $ | 794,973 | $ | | $ | 794,973 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
93
Pro Forma Adjustments to the Unaudited Condensed Combined Balance Sheet
(A) | Derived from the unaudited consolidated balance sheet of C1 as of September 30, 2017. |
(B) | Derived from the unaudited condensed balance sheet of Forum as of September 30, 2017. |
(1) | To reflect the release of cash from investments held in the trust account. |
(2) | To reflect the payment of estimated legal, financial advisory and other professional fees related to the Business Combination, assumes that $4,000 of those fees are related to the capital raised and therefor offset equity raised. |
(3) | To expense transaction related deferred offering costs of C1 as the planned offering will be abandoned upon Closing of the Business Combination. |
(4) | To record repayment of advances from related parties. |
(5) | In Scenario 1, which assumes no Forum stockholders exercise their redemption rights, the common stock subject to redemption into cash amounting to $170,156 would be transferred to permanent equity. In Scenario 2, which assumes the maximum number of shares are redeemed into cash by the Forum stockholders, $174,743 would be paid out in cash. The $174,743 or 17,250,000 shares of Common Stock, represents the maximum redemption amount providing for a minimum closing cash of $125,000 after giving effect to payments to redeeming stockholders based on a consummation of the Business Combination on September 30, 2017. |
(6) | To reflect the PIPE Investment issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock for proceeds of $143,675. |
(7) | To reflect recapitalization of C1 through the contribution of all the share capital in C1 to Forum, the payment of $303,243 of cash consideration and the issuance of 30,707,970 shares of Common Stock (under scenario 1) or the payment of $128,500 of cash consideration and the issuance of 47,957,970 shares of Common Stock (under Scenario 2) and the elimination of the historical accumulated deficit of Forum, the accounting acquiree. |
(8) | To reflect the payment for C1s subscriptions receivable. |
(9) | To record a one-time stock-based compensation expense for options vested upon consummation of the Business Combination. C1 expects to record post-combination compensation expense of $4,616 related to its decision to accelerate the unvested share-based awards of C1 in contemplation of the Merger. This amount is excluded from the unaudited pro forma condensed combined statements of operations because it is a charge directly attributable to the Merger that will not have a continuing impact on C1s operations; however, the amount is reflected as a reduction to retained earnings in the unaudited pro forma balance sheet. |
94
PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Scenario 1
Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Scenario 2
Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(A)
C1 |
(B)
Forum |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 619,700 | $ | | $ | | $ | 619,700 | $ | | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
437,697 | | | 437,697 | | 437,697 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gross profit |
182,003 | | | 182,003 | | 182,003 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
93,904 | | | 93,904 | | 93,904 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
36,989 | 235 | (930 | ) | (1) | 36,294 | | 36,294 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,955 | | | 5,955 | | 5,955 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,112 | | | 23,112 | | 23,112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
159,960 | 235 | (930 | ) | 159,265 | | 159,265 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
22,043 | (235 | ) | 930 | 22,738 | | 22,738 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
51 | 732 | (732 | ) | (2) | 51 | | 51 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on marketable securities |
| 7 | (7 | ) | (2) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(41,553 | ) | | | (41,553 | ) | | (41,553 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other expense, net |
(49 | ) | | | (49 | ) | | (49 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income before income taxes |
(19,508 | ) | 504 | 191 | (18,813 | ) | | (18,813 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax benefit (expense) |
6,323 | (169 | ) | 431 | (3) | 6,585 | | 6,585 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (13,185 | ) | $ | 335 | $ | 622 | $ | (12,228 | ) | $ | | $ | (12,228 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
4,864,925 | 64,017,459 | (4) | 68,882,384 | 452,761 | (4) | 69,335,145 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted net (loss) income per share |
$ | (0.04 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | $ | (0.18 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
95
PRO FORMA CONDENSED COMBINED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Scenario 1
Assuming No Redemptions into Cash |
Scenario 2
Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(C)
C1 |
(D)
Forum |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
Pro Forma
Adjustments |
Pro Forma
Balance Sheet |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 815,609 | $ | | $ | | $ | 815,609 | $ | | $ | 815,609 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue |
566,365 | | | 566,365 | | 566,365 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Gross profit |
249,244 | | | 249,244 | | 249,244 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
128,733 | | | 128,733 | | 128,733 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
40,262 | 2 | (1,884 | ) | (1) | 38,380 | | 38,380 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
6,055 | | | 6,055 | | 6,055 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
27,692 | | | 27,692 | | 27,692 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
202,742 | 2 | (1,884 | ) | 200,860 | | 200,860 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from operations |
46,502 | (2 | ) | 1,884 | 48,384 | | 48,384 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (expense): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
11 | | | 11 | | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(31,438 | ) | | | (31,438 | ) | | (31,438 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other expense, net |
(10 | ) | | | (10 | ) | | (10 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes |
15,065 | (2 | ) | 1,884 | 16,947 | | 16,947 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
(6,716 | ) | | 785 | (3) | (5,931 | ) | | (5,931 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 8,349 | $ | (2 | ) | $ | 2,669 | $ | 11,016 | $ | | $ | 11,016 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic |
3,750,000 | 65,827,720 | (4) | 69,577,720 | | 69,577,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic net income (loss) per share |
$ | (0.00 | ) | $ | 0.16 | $ | 0.16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted |
3,750,000 | 67,627,720 | (4) | 71,377,720 | | 71,377,720 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Diluted net income (loss) per share |
$ | (0.00 | ) | $ | 0.15 | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
96
Pro Forma Adjustments to the Unaudited Condensed Combined Income Statements
(A) | Derived from the unaudited consolidated statements of income of C1 for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. |
(B) | Derived from the unaudited condensed statements of operations of Forum for the nine months ended September, 2017. |
(C) | Derived from the audited consolidated statements of income of C1 for the year ended December 31, 2016. |
(D) | Derived from the audited statements of operations of Forum for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016. |
(1) | Represents an adjustment to eliminate direct, incremental deferred offering costs which are reflected in the historical financial statements C1 in the amount of $930 and $1,884 as of September 30, 2017 and December 31 2016, respectively. There were no such amounts recorded for Forum as of September 30, 2017 and December 31 2016. |
(2) | Represents an adjustment to eliminate interest income and unrealized gain on marketable securities held in the trust account as of the beginning of the period. |
(3) | To record normalized blended statutory income tax benefit rate of 35.0% for pro forma financial presentation purposes. |
(4) | As the Business Combination is being reflected as if it had occurred at the beginning of the period presented, the calculation of weighted average shares outstanding for basic and diluted net income (loss) per share assumes that the shares issuable relating to the Business Combination and the PIPE have been outstanding for the entire period presented. If the maximum number of shares are redeemed, this calculation is retroactively adjusted to eliminate such shares for the entire period. Weighted average common shares outstandingbasic and dilute are calculated as follows: |
Scenario 1
Combined (Assuming No Redemptions into Cash) |
Scenario 2
Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash) |
|||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
|||||||||||||
Weighted average shares calculation, basic |
||||||||||||||||
Forum weighted average public shares outstanding |
4,864,925 | 3,750,000 | 4,864,925 | 3,750,000 | ||||||||||||
Forum Sponsor shares |
| 562,500 | | 562,500 | ||||||||||||
Forum public shares |
| 17,250,000 | | | ||||||||||||
Forum Sponsor private placement shares |
| 622,500 | | 622,500 | ||||||||||||
Sponsor shares |
| 172,500 | | 172,500 | ||||||||||||
Forum rights converted to shares |
1,787,250 | 1,787,250 | 1,787,250 | 1,787,250 | ||||||||||||
Forum shares subject to redemption reclassified to equity |
16,797,239 | | | | ||||||||||||
Forum shares cancelled and subject to forfeiture |
(3,234,375 | ) | (3,234,375 | ) | (3,234,375 | ) | (3,234,375 | ) | ||||||||
Shares issued to PIPE investors |
17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | ||||||||||||
Forum shares issued in Business Combination |
30,707,970 | 30,707,970 | 47,957,970 | 47,957,970 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
68,882,384 | 69,577,720 | 69,335,145 | 69,577,720 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Percent of shares owned by C1 holders |
44.6 | % | 44.1 | % | 69.2 | % | 68.9 | % | ||||||||
Percent of shares owned by Forum |
29.3 | % | 30.1 | % | 4.9 | % | 5.3 | % | ||||||||
Percent of shares owned by PIPE investors |
26.1 | % | 25.8 | % | 25.9 | % | 25.8 | % |
97
Scenario 1
Combined (Assuming No Redemptions into Cash) |
Scenario 2
Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash) |
|||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
|||||||||||||
Weighted average shares calculation, basic |
||||||||||||||||
Existing C1 holders |
30,707,970 | 30,707,970 | 47,957,970 | 47,957,970 | ||||||||||||
PIPE investors |
17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | ||||||||||||
Forum holders |
20,215,039 | 20,910,375 | 3,417,800 | 3,660,375 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted average shares, basic and diluted |
68,882,384 | 69,577,720 | 69,335,145 | 69,577,720 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Scenario 1
Combined (Assuming No Redemptions into Cash) |
Scenario 2
Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash) |
|||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
|||||||||||||
Weighted average shares calculation, diluted |
||||||||||||||||
Forum holders |
20,215,039 | 20,910,375 | 3,417,800 | 3,660,375 | ||||||||||||
Forum shares issued in Business Combination |
30,707,970 | 30,707,970 | 47,957,970 | 47,957,970 | ||||||||||||
Shares issued to PIPE |
17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | ||||||||||||
Unit purchase options |
| 1,800,000 | | 1,800,000 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding |
68,882,384 | 71,377,720 | 69,335,145 | 71,377,720 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Percent of shares owned by C1 holders |
44.6 | % | 43.0 | % | 69.2 | % | 67.2 | % | ||||||||
Percent of shares owned by Forum |
29.3 | % | 31.8 | % | 4.9 | % | 7.6 | % | ||||||||
Percent of shares owned by PIPE investors |
26.1 | % | 25.2 | % | 25.9 | % | 25.2 | % |
Scenario 1
Combined (Assuming No Redemptions into Cash) |
Scenario 2
Combined (Assuming Maximum Redemptions into Cash) |
|||||||||||||||
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2016 |
|||||||||||||
Weighted average shares calculation, diluted |
||||||||||||||||
Existing C1 holders |
30,707,970 | 30,707,970 | 47,957,970 | 47,957,970 | ||||||||||||
PIPE investors |
17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | 17,959,375 | ||||||||||||
Forum holders |
20,215,039 | 22,710,375 | 3,417,800 | 5,460,375 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted average shares, basic and diluted |
68,882,384 | 71,377,720 | 69,335,145 | 71,377,720 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The computation of diluted loss per share for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 excludes the effect (1) 1,125,000 shares of Common Stock, warrants to purchase 562,500 shares of Common Stock and rights that convert into 112,500 shares of Common Stock in the UPO and (2) warrants to purchase 8,936,250 shares of common stock because the inclusion of any of these securities would be anti-dilutive.
The computation of diluted loss per share for the year ended December 31, 2016 excludes the effect warrants to purchase 8,936,250 shares of Common Stock because the inclusion of these securities would be anti-dilutive.
98
SPECIAL MEETING OF FORUM STOCKHOLDERS
General
Forum is furnishing this proxy statement/prospectus to its stockholders as part of the solicitation of proxies by the board of directors for use at the Special Meeting to be held on February 20, 2018 and at any adjournment or postponement thereof. This proxy statement/prospectus provides Forums stockholders with information they need to know to be able to vote or direct their vote to be cast at the Special Meeting.
Date, Time and Place
The Special Meeting will be held on February 20, 2018, at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time, at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, at 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor, New York, New York 10105.
Voting Power; Record Date
You will be entitled to vote or direct votes to be cast at the Special Meeting if you owned shares of Forum Common Stock at the close of business on February 1, 2018 which is the Record Date. You are entitled to one vote for each share of Forum Common Stock that you owned as of the close of business on the Record Date. If your shares are held in street name or are in a margin or similar account, you should contact your broker, bank or other nominee to ensure that votes related to the shares you beneficially own are properly counted. On the Record Date, there were 22,357,500 shares of Common Stock outstanding, of which 17,250,000 are Public Shares, 4,312,500 are Founders Shares held by the Sponsor and 622,500 are Placement Shares held by the Sponsor.
Vote of the Sponsor, Directors and Officers
In connection with the Forum IPO, Forum entered into agreements with each of its Sponsor, directors and officers pursuant to which each agreed to vote any shares of Common Stock owned by it in favor of the Business Combination Proposal and for all other proposals presented at the Special Meeting. These agreements apply to the Sponsor as it relates to the Founders Shares and any Placement Shares and the requirement to vote such shares in favor of the Business Combination Proposal and for all other proposals presented to Forum stockholders in this proxy statement/prospectus. As a result, we would need only 6,071,251, or approximately 35.2%, of the 17,250,000 Public Shares, to be voted in favor of the Business Combination in order to have the Business Combination approved (assuming that the 172,500 Representative Shares held by EBC are voted in favor of the Business Combination).
Forums Sponsor, directors and officers and EBC have waived any redemption rights, including with respect to shares of Class A Common Stock issued or purchased in the Forum IPO or in the aftermarket, in connection with Business Combination. The Founders Shares and the Placement Shares held by the Sponsor and the Representative Shares have no redemption rights upon Forums liquidation and will be worthless if no business combination is effected by Forum by April 12, 2019.
Quorum and Required Vote for Proposals
A quorum of Forum stockholders is necessary to hold a valid meeting. A quorum will be present at the Special Meeting if a majority of the Common Stock outstanding and entitled to vote at the Special Meeting is represented in person or by proxy at the Special Meeting.
The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date for the Special Meeting. The approval of the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal each require the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of Forum Common Stock cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting.
99
If the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal and the Business Combination Proposal are not approved, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal will not be presented to the Forum stockholders for a vote. The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal are preconditions to the consummation of the Business Combination. The Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal are conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal (and the Business Combination Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal). The Adjournment Proposal is not conditioned on the approval of any other proposal set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus.
It is important for you to note that in the event the Business Combination Proposal does not receive the requisite vote for approval, then Forum will not consummate the Business Combination. If Forum does not consummate the Business Combination and fails to complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019 Forum will be required to dissolve and liquidate its Trust Account by returning the then remaining funds in such account to the public stockholders.
Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes
Abstentions will have no effect on the outcome of the vote on the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and Adjournment Proposal. The approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the issued and outstanding Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date. Accordingly, a Forum stockholders failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal and the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal.
Recommendation of Forums Board of Directors
The board of directors has unanimously determined that each of the proposals is fair to and in the best interests of Forum and its stockholders, and has unanimously approved such proposals. The board of directors unanimously recommends that stockholders:
| vote FOR the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal; |
| vote FOR the Business Combination Proposal; |
| vote FOR the Escrow Amendment Proposal; |
| vote FOR the Nasdaq Proposal; |
| vote FOR the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal; |
| vote FOR the Incentive Plan Proposal; |
| vote FOR the ESPP Proposal; and |
| vote FOR the Adjournment Proposal, if it is presented to the meeting. |
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When you consider the recommendation of Forums board of directors in favor of approval of the Proposals, you should keep in mind that the Sponsor, members of Forums board of directors and officers have interests in the Business Combination that are different from or in addition to (or which may conflict with) your interests as a stockholder. These interests include, among other things:
| unless Forum consummates an initial business combination, Forums officers, directors and sponsor will not receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount of available proceeds not deposited in the Trust Account; |
| as a condition to the Forum IPO, all of the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the consummation of an initial business combination with the ability to release 50% of the Founders Shares immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, Forum, the Sponsor, C1, and Clearlake entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, to release all of the Founders Shares held by the Sponsor from escrow to: (a) cancel 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (b) subject 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Targets in the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (c) release 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the Placement Units, including the Placement Shares, Placement Rights and Placement Warrants, purchased by the Sponsor will be worthless if a business combination is not consummated; |
| the Sponsor has agreed that the Placement Units, and all of their underlying securities, will not be sold or transferred by it until 30 days after Forum has completed a business combination, subject to limited exceptions; |
| the fact that Sponsor paid an aggregate of $25,000 for its Founders Shares and such securities will have a significantly higher value at the time of the Business Combination; |
| the fact that Sponsor has agreed not to redeem any of the Founders Shares and Placement Shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination; |
| if Forum does not complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Units will be included in the liquidating distribution to Forums public stockholders and the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants will expire worthless; and |
| if the Trust Account is liquidated, including in the event Forum is unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period, the Sponsor has agreed to indemnify Forum to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per Public Share by the claims of prospective target businesses with which Forum has entered into an acquisition agreement or claims of any third party for services rendered or products sold to Forum, but only if such a vendor or target business has not executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account. |
Voting Your Shares
Each Forum Common Stock that you own in your name entitles you to one vote. If you are a record owner of your shares, there are two ways to vote your shares of Forum Common Stock at the Special Meeting:
|
You Can Vote By Signing and Returning the Enclosed Proxy Card . If you vote by proxy card, your proxy, whose name is listed on the proxy card, will vote your shares as you instruct on the proxy card. |
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If you sign and return the proxy card but do not give instructions on how to vote your shares, your shares will be voted as recommended by Forums board of directors FOR the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal (if presented). Votes received after a matter has been voted upon at the Special Meeting will not be counted. |
| You Can Attend the Special Meeting and Vote in Person . When you arrive, you will receive a ballot that you may use to cast your vote. |
If your shares are held in street name or are in a margin or similar account, you should contact your broker to ensure that votes related to the shares you beneficially own are properly counted. If you wish to attend the meeting and vote in person and your shares are held in street name, you must obtain a legal proxy from your broker, bank or nominee. That is the only way Forum can be sure that the broker, bank or nominee has not already voted your shares.
Revoking Your Proxy
If you are a record owner of your shares and you give a proxy, you may change or revoke it at any time before it is exercised by doing any one of the following:
| you may send another proxy card with a later date; |
| you may notify Forums secretary in writing before the Special Meeting that you have revoked your proxy; or |
| you may attend the Special Meeting, revoke your proxy, and vote in person as described above. |
If your shares are held in street name or are in a margin or similar account, you should contact your broker for information on how to change or revoke your voting instructions.
Who Can Answer Your Questions About Voting Your Shares
If you are a stockholder and have any questions about how to vote or direct a vote in respect of your Forum Common Stock, you may call Morrow, Forums proxy solicitor, at (800) 662-5200 or email Morrow at FMCI.info@morrowsodali.com.
No Additional Matters May Be Presented at the Special Meeting
The Special Meeting has been called only to consider the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, the ESPP Proposal and the Adjournment Proposal. Under Forums bylaws, other than procedural matters incident to the conduct of the Special Meeting, no other matters may be considered at the Special Meeting if they are not included in this proxy statement/prospectus, which serves as the notice of the Special Meeting.
Redemption Rights
Pursuant to Forums Charter, any holders of Public Shares may demand that such shares be redeemed in exchange for a pro rata share of the aggregate amount on deposit in the Trust Account, less franchise and income taxes payable, calculated as of two (2) business days prior to the consummation of the Business Combination. If demand is properly made and the Business Combination is consummated, these shares, immediately prior to the Business Combination, will cease to be outstanding and will represent only the right to receive a pro rata share of the aggregate amount on deposit in the Trust Account which holds the proceeds of the Forum IPO (calculated as of two (2) business days prior to the consummation of the Business Combination, including interest earned on the
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funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to it to pay the Companys franchise and income taxes ). For illustrative purposes, based on funds in the Trust Account of approximately $175.4 million on December 31, 2017, the estimated per share redemption price would have been approximately $10.15.
In order to exercise your redemption rights, you must:
| prior to 5:00 PM Eastern time on February 15, 2018 (two (2) business days before the Special Meeting), tender your shares physically or electronically and submit a request in writing that we redeem your public shares for cash to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, Forums transfer agent, at the following address: |
Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company
One State Street Plaza, 30 th Floor
New York, New York 10004
Attn: Mark Zimkind
E-mail: mzimkind@continentalstock.com
| In your request to Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company for redemption, you must also affirmatively certify if you ARE or ARE NOT acting in concert or as a group(as defined in Section 13d-3 of the Exchange Act) with any other stockholder with respect to shares of Common Stock; |
and
| deliver your Public Shares either physically or electronically through DTC to Forums transfer agent at least two (2) business days before the Special Meeting. Stockholders seeking to exercise their redemption rights and opting to deliver physical certificates should allot sufficient time to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent and time to effect delivery. It is Forums understanding that stockholders should generally allot at least two weeks to obtain physical certificates from the transfer agent. However, Forum does not have any control over this process and it may take longer than two weeks. Stockholders who hold their shares in street name will have to coordinate with their bank, broker or other nominee to have the shares certificated or delivered electronically. If you do not submit a written request and deliver your public shares as described above, your shares will not be redeemed. |
Any demand for redemption, once made, may be withdrawn at any time until the deadline for exercising redemption requests (and submitting shares to the transfer agent) and thereafter, with Forums consent, until the vote is taken with respect to the Business Combination. If you delivered your shares for redemption to Forums transfer agent and decide within the required timeframe not to exercise your redemption rights, you may request that Forums transfer agent return the shares (physically or electronically). You may make such request by contacting Forums transfer agent at the phone number or address listed above.
Prior to exercising redemption rights, stockholders should verify the market price of Forum Common Stock as they may receive higher proceeds from the sale of their Common Stock in the public market than from exercising their redemption rights if the market price per share is higher than the redemption price. We cannot assure you that you will be able to sell your shares of Forum Common Stock in the open market, even if the market price per share is higher than the redemption price stated above, as there may not be sufficient liquidity in Forum Common Stock when you wish to sell your shares.
If you exercise your redemption rights, your shares of Forum Common Stock will cease to be outstanding immediately prior to the Business Combination and will only represent the right to receive a pro rata share of the aggregate amount on deposit in the Trust Account. You will no longer own those shares and will have no right to participate in, or have any interest in, the future growth of the Combined Entity, if any. You will be entitled to receive cash for these shares only if you properly and timely demand redemption.
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If the Business Combination is not approved and Forum does not consummate an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, Forum will be required to dissolve and liquidate its Trust Account by returning the then remaining funds in such account to the public stockholders and the Rights and Warrants will expire worthless.
Appraisal Rights
Forum stockholders do not have appraisal rights in connection with the Business Combination or the other proposals.
Proxy Solicitation
Forum is soliciting proxies on behalf of its board of directors. This solicitation is being made by mail but also may be made by telephone or in person. Forum and its directors, officers and employees may also solicit proxies in person. Forum will file with the SEC all scripts and other electronic communications as proxy soliciting materials. Forum will bear the cost of the solicitation.
Forum has hired Morrow to assist in the proxy solicitation process. Forum will pay that firm a fee of $22,500, plus disbursements.
Forum will ask banks, brokers and other institutions, nominees and fiduciaries to forward the proxy materials to their principals and to obtain their authority to execute proxies and voting instructions. Forum will reimburse them for their reasonable expenses.
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PRE-MERGER CHARTER AMENDMENT PROPOSAL
Background and Overview
We are seeking stockholder approval of an amendment of the Charter (the Pre-Merger Amendment ) to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 for the purpose of carrying out the Business Combination.
Why Forum Needs Stockholder Approval
Based on the number of shares of Class A Common Stock that Forum expects to issue to the investors in the PIPE Investment and the C1 Securityholders in connection with the Business Combination, including with respect to the earnout provisions in the Merger Agreement, Forum does not have sufficient shares of Class A Common Stock authorized to issue the shares of Class A Common Stock deliverable to the investors in the PIPE Investment and the C1 Securityholders at the Closing and in the event the earnout provisions in the Merger Agreement are met. Accordingly, we are seeking stockholder approval to increase the authorized Class A Common Stock from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000 shares.
Effect of Proposal
If approved, the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock will increase from 40,000,000 to 200,000,000. If the Business Combination Proposal is not approved, the Pre-Merger Amendment will not be filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
Vote Required for Approval
The Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal, and the ESPP Proposal are conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal at the Special Meeting.
This Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal will be approved and adopted only if the holders of at least a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock vote FOR the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal and each of the Business Combination Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESSP Proposal are approved at the Special Meeting. Failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention from voting will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal.
Recommendation of the Board
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS
VOTE FOR APPROVAL OF THE PRE-MERGER CHARTER AMENDMENT PROPOSAL.
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THE BUSINESS COMBINATION PROPOSAL
General
Holders of Forum Common Stock are being asked to approve and adopt the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Business Combination. Forum stockholders should read carefully this proxy statement/prospectus in its entirety for more detailed information concerning the Merger Agreement, which is attached as Annex A to this proxy statement/prospectus. Please see the section entitled The Merger Agreement below, for additional information and a summary of certain terms of the Merger Agreement. You are urged to read carefully the Merger Agreement in its entirety before voting on this proposal.
Because Forum is holding a stockholder vote on the Business Combination, Forum may consummate the Business Combination only if it is approved by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock as of the Record Date for the Special Meeting.
The Merger Agreement
The subsections that follow this subsection describe the material provisions of the Merger Agreement, but do not purport to describe all of the terms of the Merger Agreement. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Merger Agreement, a copy of which is attached as Annex A hereto, which is incorporated herein by reference. Stockholders and other interested parties are urged to read the Merger Agreement carefully and in its entirety (and, if appropriate, with the advice of financial and legal counsel) because it is the primary legal document that governs the Business Combination.
The Merger Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that the respective parties made to each other as of the date of the Merger Agreement or other specific dates, which may be updated prior to the closing of the Business Combination. The assertions embodied in those representations, warranties and covenants were made for purposes of the contract among the respective parties and are subject to important qualifications and limitations agreed to by the parties in connection with negotiating the Merger Agreement. The representations, warranties and covenants in the Merger Agreement are also modified in important part by the disclosure schedules attached thereto which are not filed publicly and which are subject to a contractual standard of materiality different from that generally applicable to stockholders. The disclosure schedules were used for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties rather than establishing matters as facts. We do not believe that the disclosure schedules contain information that is material to an investment decision.
General Description of the Merger Agreement
The Merger Agreement contains representations, warranties and covenants that the respective parties made to each other as of the date of the Merger Agreement or other specific dates. The assertions embodied in those representations, warranties and covenants were made for purposes of the contract among the respective parties and are subject to important qualifications and limitations agreed to by the parties in connection with negotiating the Merger Agreement. The representations, warranties and covenants in the Merger Agreement are also modified in important part by the disclosure schedules and exhibits attached thereto which are not filed publicly and which may be subject to contractual standards of materiality or material adverse effect applicable to the contracting parties that differ from what may be viewed as material to investors. The representations and warranties in the Merger Agreement and the items listed in the disclosure schedules were used for the purpose of allocating risk among the parties rather than establishing matters as facts. We do not believe that the disclosure schedules contain information that is material to an investment decision. Accordingly, the representations and warranties and other provisions of the Merger Agreement should not be read alone, but instead should be read in conjunction with the information provided elsewhere in this Registration Statement.
On November 30, 2017, Forum entered into an the Merger Agreement, by and among Forum, Merger Sub I and Merger Sub II, C1, Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., in the capacity thereunder as the Seller Representative. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.
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The Agreement provides for a two-step merger: (ii) the merger of Merger Sub I with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the Surviving Corporation and as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum; and (ii) the merger of the Surviving Corporation with and into Merger Sub II, with Merger Sub II continuing as the Surviving Entity in the Second Merger. Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, at the Effective Time: (a) all C1 Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, will be converted into the right to receive the Total Consideration, with each holder of C1 Stock being entitled to receiving its Pro Rata Share of the Total Consideration; (b) each outstanding option, warrant or other right to subscribe or purchase any C1 Stock or securities convertible into or exchange for, or that otherwise confer on the holder any right to acquire any C1 Stock, if not exercised or converted prior to such time, will be cancelled, retired and terminated and cease to represent a right to acquire, be exchanged for or convert into shares of C1 Stock or if exercised prior to such time, will have the resulting shares of C1 Stock issued upon such exercise treated as outstanding shares of C1 Stock; and (c) each outstanding Company Option that is unvested as of the Effective Time will become fully vested and exercisable as of the Effective Time. Each Company Option that is outstanding and unexercised as of the Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive, (i) with respect to each share of company stock subject to such Company Option, and without interest, an amount of Merger Consideration equal the Pro Rata Share of the Merger Consideration applicable to such share of C1 Stock subject to such Company Option minus the per-share exercise price of such Company Option and (ii) their Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Consideration (as defined below), in each case, as provided in the Merger Agreement; provided, however that in order to receive an installment of the applicable Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Consideration, the holder of an Accelerated Option must be an employee of, or in service to, Forum or the Surviving Entity, or their respective subsidiaries, at the time such installment is paid or issued, and must deliver a duly executed option cancellation agreement prior to the Effective Time.
Merger Consideration
The aggregate consideration to be paid pursuant to the Merger Agreement to the C1 Securityholders as of the Closing will be equal to (i) $1,137,000,000, minus (ii) the indebtedness of the Target Companies, plus (iii) the cash of the Target Companies, together with the amount of any C1 transaction expenses that are paid prior to the closing of the Mergers, and plus (iv) the cash amount paid an indebtedness incurred by the Target Companies for any business acquisitions that they make between the signing of the Merger Agreement and the Closing. Additionally, C1 Securityholders will have the contingent right to receive additional consideration from Forum based on the performance of Forum and its subsidiaries, including the Surviving Entity, for the calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020, as described below. The Merger Consideration will be paid in the form of: (i) cash from Forum and/or the Target Companies in an amount equal to (A) the total cash and cash equivalents of Forum, including funds from the PIPE Investment made by Forum and the remaining funds in the Trust Account, after giving effect to the completion of the redemption by Forum of its shares of Class A Common Stock from its public stockholders as required by Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation in connection with Forums initial business combination, plus (B) the cash of the Target Companies to the extent that they are permitted to be distributed pursuant to the loan documents of the Target Companies, minus (C) $25,000,000; and (ii) a number of shares of Class A Common Stock of Forum, valued at a price per share equal to the price at which each share of Forum Common Stock is redeemed or converted pursuant to the Redemption, equal to the (a) Merger Consideration less (b) the Cash Consideration, less (c) the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount and (iii) a deferred payment equal to Deferred Pipe Closing Amount to be paid upon the consummation of the Deferred PIPE Closing.
The Merger Consideration will be paid at the Closing based on estimated numbers and will be subject to a post-closing two way true-up adjustment to the extent that the finally determined Merger Consideration varies from the estimated Merger Consideration, except that if the adjustment in either direction is less than $2,000,000, no adjustment or payments will be made. Any such true-up adjustments will be paid by delivery of Forum Common Stock valued at the Redemption Price, with Forum delivering additional shares to C1 Securityholders if the finally determined Merger Consideration is higher than the estimated Merger Consideration, and the C1 Securityholders forfeiting Forum Common Stock on a pro rata basis if the finally determined Merger Consideration is less than the Estimated Merger Consideration.
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After the Closing, subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement, C1 Securityholders will have the contingent right to receive the Earnout Payments from Forum in connection with the calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020. Earnout EBITDA will be measured beginning on the last calendar day of each fiscal quarter after the Closing Date and ending with the last fiscal quarter of 2020, and will be as defined in the term loan agreement of C1s subsidiary, which looks at the consolidated earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and makes certain normalization and other modifications and adjustments thereto, including to treat any business acquisitions on a pro forma basis for the trailing twelve month period. The Earnout EBITDA for the applicable Measurement Date will be determined by Forums Chief Financial Officer within five days after the 10-Q or 10-K is filed and be subject to a review process by the Seller Representative (as described below) and an independent expert dispute resolution mechanism.
In the event that (i) the trailing four quarter Earnout EBITDA as of the end of any fiscal quarter after the Closing within calendar year 2018 exceeds $144,000,000, (ii) the trailing four quarter Earnout EBITDA as of the end of any fiscal quarter within calendar year 2019 exceeds $155,000,000, or (iii) the trailing four quarter Earnout EBITDA as of the end of any fiscal quarter within calendar year 2019 exceeds $165,000,000, then for each Earnout Target that is achieved as of a given Measurement Date, the C1 Securityholders shall receive additional consideration from Forum (a Regular Earnout Payment ) of (A) 3,300,000 Forum Common Stock and (B) cash in an amount equal to $33,000,000.
In the event that the applicable Earnout Target is not met for any Earnout Year, but the Earnout Target is achieved for a subsequent Earnout Year, the C1 Securityholders will be entitled to receive the Regular Earnout Payments for any Earnout Years in which the Earnout Target was not previously achieved, payable at the same time as the Regular Earnout Payment for the current Earnout Year. In the event that the applicable Earnout Target for a future Earnout Year is achieved in the current Earnout Year, then the C1 Securityholders will be entitled to receive in addition to and at the same time as the Regular Earnout Payment for the current Earnout Year, the Regular Earnout Payment for such future Earnout Year. In the event that there is a change of control of Forum during the Earnout Period, then any Regular Earnout Payments that have not previously been paid by Forum (whether or not previously earned) shall be deemed earned and due by Forum to the C1 Securityholders upon such Change of Control In any event, the C1 Securityholders will not be entitled to receive more than one Earnout Payment attributable to each Earnout Year. The Earnout Payments will be payable within 10 business days after it is determined that they are owed (other than any Change of Control Earnout. Payments, which will be due upon the applicable change of control).
In the event that at any time an Earnout Cash Payment is due (including as a result of a Catchup Earnout Payment, Accelerated Earnout Payment or Change of Control Earnout Payment), such Earnout Cash Payment exceeds either (a) the amount of cash available to Forum that is permitted to be distributed and paid under its debt documents or (b) the amount that can be paid without causing the ratio of the consolidated Indebtedness of Forum and its subsidiaries to Earnout EBITDA (assuming full payment of the Earnout Cash Payment) to exceed 4.5 to 1, then Forum will only pay in cash the amount that it can be paid without exceeding such limits and any shortfall in the amount owed will at the option of the Seller Representative either (i) be paid by delivery of an additional number of Forum Common Stock valued at the trailing 20 trading day volume-weighted average price as of the end of the Measurement Date on which the Earnout Payment was achieved or (ii) defer the payment of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall until the following Measurement Date. If the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall is deferred, then the Seller Representative will have the option on each succeeding Measurement Date until the end of the Earnout Period to elect to be paid the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Shares (which will still be valued based on the trailing 20 trading day volume-weighted average price as of the end of the Measurement Date on which the original applicable Earnout Payment was achieved) in full satisfaction of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall or to continue to defer payment of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall. At the end of the Earnout Period, any remaining Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall shall automatically be converted into the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Shares.
Notwithstanding the above provisions, each Earnout Payment otherwise payable to the C1 Securityholders will be reduced by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares (as more fully described below) that become vested
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in connection with an Earnout Payment by directly reducing each Earnout Stock Payment by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares that have become vested.
Further, notwithstanding the above provisions, the allocation of Total Consideration as among cash and Forum Common Stock payable to C1 Securityholders shall be adjusted, by decreasing the cash portion and correspondingly increasing the portion of Total Consideration paid in Forum Common Stock, if and to the extent necessary to ensure that the C1 Securityholders receive sufficient Forum Common Stock such that, when aggregated with Forum Common Stock previously paid as Total Consideration to the C1 Securityholders (if any), the amount of Forum Common Stock is not less than the minimum amount of Forum Common Stock necessary to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(A) of the Code.
Post-Business Combination Ownership of the Combined Entity
Immediately after the Closing and the Business Combination, Forum, which will be renamed ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc., will own 100% of the membership interests of the Surviving Entity, the successor to C1 which will be named C1 Investment LLC.
Based on the assumptions that the Merger Consideration is $639,801,721, the Stock Consideration is $511,301,721, with the Redemption Price being $10.15 per share, that the PIPE Investment closes for gross proceeds of $143,675,000, and excluding any warrants, options, convertible debt or other convertible securities of Forum that are issued and outstanding as of the date hereof (other than the Forum rights which will be converted at the Closing for 1/10 th of a Forum Common Stock each) and assuming no redemptions of Forums public shares, (i) Forums public stockholders (excluding the Sponsor but including EBC) will own approximately 26.0% of Forum, (ii) the Sponsor and affiliates will own approximately 5.3% of Forum, (iii) the PIPE Investors will own approximately 24.4% of Forum and (iv) the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 44.3% of Forum; and assuming redemption by holders of 17,250,000 Forum public shares, (i) Forums public stockholders (excluding the Sponsor but including EBC) will own approximately 2.6% of Forum, (ii) the Sponsor and affiliates (assuming that the Sponsor Earnout Shares are not forfeited) will own approximately 5.3% of Forum, (iii) the PIPE Investors will own approximately 24.4% of Forum and (iv) the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 67.7% of Forum. These ownership percentages reflect the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Class Common Stock at Closing and assume (i) no payment of Earnout Consideration in the Merger Agreement and (ii) forfeiture of 3,234,375 Founders Shares.
Representations and Warranties; Survival/Indemnification
The Merger Agreement contains customary representations and warranties by each of Forum, C1 and the Merger Subs relating to, among other matters, (1) due organization and good standing, (2) authorization and binding agreement, (3) governmental approvals, (4) non-contravention, (5) capitalization and subsidiaries, (6) financial statements, (7) absence of certain changes, (8) compliance with laws, (9) litigation, orders and permits, (10) taxes, (11) material contracts, (12) employees and employee benefit plans, (13) properties, (14) transactions with affiliates and related persons, (15) the Investment Company Act, (16) finders and brokers, (17) insurance, (18) certain business practices and (19) independent investigations.
Forum and the Merger Subs also made representations and warranties regarding, (1) SEC filings, (2) ownership of merger consideration shares, (3) the PIPE Investment, and (4) the Trust Account.
C1 also made representations and warranties regarding (1) intellectual property, (2) title to and sufficiency of assets, (3) environmental matters, (4) export control laws, (5) books and records, (6) top customers and suppliers, (7) government contracts, (8) information supplied and (9) disclosure. Many of the representations and warranties are qualified by materiality or Material Adverse Effect and/or the representing partys knowledge. Material Adverse Effect as used in the Merger Agreement means with respect to any party, any fact, event, occurrence, change or effect that has had or would reasonably be expected to have, a material adverse effect to the business, assets, Liabilities, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of such party and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or the ability of such party or any of its subsidiaries on a timely basis to
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consummate the transactions contemplated by this Merger Agreement or the ancillary documents to which it is a party or bound or to perform its obligations thereunder, in each case subject to certain customary exceptions. Certain of the representations are subject to specified exceptions and qualifications contained in the Merger Agreement or in information provided pursuant to certain disclosure schedules to the Merger Agreement.
The representations and warranties made by the parties do not survive the Closing and there are no indemnification rights for another partys breach.
Covenants of the Parties
Each party agreed in the Merger Agreement to use their commercially reasonable efforts to effect the Closing. The Merger Agreement also contains certain customary covenants by the parties during the period between the signing of the Merger Agreement and the earlier of the Closing or the termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms, including covenants regarding (1) the provision of access to their properties, books and personnel, (2) the operation of their respective businesses in the ordinary course of business, (3) filing Forums reports required by the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and efforts regarding Nasdaq listing requirements, (4) no solicitation of other competing transactions, (5) no trading in Forums securities by C1 using Forums material non-public information, (6) notifications of certain breaches, consent requirements or other matters, (7) efforts to Closing and comply with all government authority requirements, (8) further assurances, (9) Forums filing of this Registration Statement and holding of the special stockholder meeting to approve the Business Combination and the other matters contemplated by the proxy contained in this Registration Statement, (10) C1s stockholder meeting to approve the Merger Agreement and related transactions, (11) Forums efforts to complete the PIPE Investment, (12) public announcements, (13) confidentiality, (14) requirements to retain books and records, (15) indemnification of directors and officers and tail insurance; (16) use of funds in the trust account after the Closing, (17) security clearances of C1 by certain governmental authority and (18) listing of Forum Common Stock.
The parties also agreed to take all necessary actions so that the board of directors of Forum as of the Closing will consist of ten individuals. Two of the directors will be appointed by Forum prior to the Closing, both of which will be independent directors, and eight of the directors will be appointed by C 1 prior to the Closing, at least three of whom will be independent. The parties also agreed that the executive officers of Combined Entity immediately after the Closing will be the same as the executive officers of C1 immediately prior to the Closing.
Forum has agreed after the Closing to adopt a stated dividend policy and to use its commercially reasonable efforts to declare and pay a dividend in such amount as to provide an annual dividend yield to Forums stockholders of at least 1%, subject to the determination by Forums board of directors (i) that such dividend payment is permitted by applicable law and (ii) that Forum and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, have a sufficient amount of unrestricted cash to make such dividend payment and still satisfy their respective existing liabilities and have sufficient reserves for future contingencies or future needs of the business of Forum and its subsidiaries.
In addition, Forum has agreed to file with the SEC a registration statement for the resale of Forum Common Stock acquired in the PIPE Investment and Forum securities of any holder that has registration rights with respect thereto within 30 days after the Closing and use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective as promptly as practicable thereafter.
Conditions to the Closing
The Closing of the Merger Agreement is subject to various conditions, including the following mutual conditions of the parties unless waived: (i) the approval of the Merger Agreement by the requisite vote of Forums stockholders and C1s stockholders; (ii) expiration of the applicable waiting period under any antitrust laws, including the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended; (iii) receipt of requisite regulatory approval, (iv) no law or order preventing or prohibiting the Business Combination or the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Closing; (v) Forum having at least $5,000,001 in net
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tangible assets as of the Closing, after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption and the PIPE Investment; (vi) the consummation of PIPE Investment; (vii) the election or appointment of members to Forums board of directors in accordance with the Merger Agreement; and (viii) the effectiveness of this Registration Statement.
In addition, unless waived by C1, the obligations of C1 to consummate the Business Combination is subject to the fulfillment of certain closing conditions, including but not limited to the following:
| The representations and warranties of Forum being true and correct as of the date of the Merger Agreement and as of the Closing (subject to Material Adverse Effect with respect to Forum); |
| Forum and the Merger Subs having performed in all material respects its obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Absence of any Material Adverse Effect with respect to Forum since the date of the Merger Agreement which is continuing and uncured; |
| Forum Cash being at least $125,000,000; |
| The Forum Common Stock to be issued in the Business Combination having been approved for listing on Nasdaq Capital Market; |
| Delivery of certificate of good standing of Forum and Forums officer and secretary certificates certifying compliance with certain obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Filing of the second amended and restated certificate of incorporation of Forum; and |
| Company having received a copy of duly executed registration rights agreements and lock-up agreements by Forum. |
Unless waived by Forum, the obligations of Forum and the Merger Subs to consummate the Business Combination is subject to the satisfaction of the following conditions:
| The representations and warranties of C1 being true and correct as of the date of the Merger Agreement and as of the Closing (subject to Material Adverse Effect with respect to any Target Company); |
| C1 having performed in all material respects its obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Absence of any Material Adverse Effect with respect to any Target Company since the date of the Merger Agreement which is continuing and uncured; |
| Receipt of a comfort letter from C1s independent accountant auditing firm with respect to the financial statements of any of the Target Companies included as part of this Registration Statement (directly or as part of any pro forma financial statements included therein) at the time of the effectiveness of this Registration Statement and as of the Closing Date; |
| Delivery of certificates of good standing for each Target Company and C1s officer and secretary certificates certifying compliance with certain obligations under the Merger Agreement; |
| Forum having received a copy of duly executed registration rights agreements and lock-up agreements by each C1 Securityholder, and a duly executed option cancellation agreement from each holder of a Company Option; |
| Forum having received a duly executed corporate legal opinion from C1s counsel; |
| Forum having received evidence that C1 shall have accelerated all Company Options and terminated, extinguished and cancelled in full any issued or outstanding Company Convertible Securities or commitments therefor; and |
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| Forum having received evidence that certain Contracts involving the Target Companies and/or C1 Securityholders shall have been terminated with no further obligation or liability of the Target Companies thereunder. |
Termination
The Merger Agreement may be terminated under certain customary and limited circumstances at any time prior to the Closing, including:
| by mutual consent of C1 and Forum; |
| by either Forum or C1 if any of the conditions to the Closing have not been satisfied or waived by March 31, 2018, provided that this termination right shall not be available to (i) Forum if the breach or violation by Forum or its affiliates of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under the Merger Agreement was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date or (ii) C1 if any action or omission by a Target Company or its affiliates (including any acquisitions that individually or in the aggregate would require the preparation of pro forma financial statements pursuant to Regulation S-X) was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date; |
| by either Forum or C1 if a governmental authority of competent jurisdiction shall have issued an order or taken any other action permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise prohibiting the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and such order or other action has become final and non-appealable; |
| by either Forum or C1 if there has been a material breach by the other party of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in the Merger Agreement, such that the related closing condition would not be met, and such breach is not cured within the earlier of (i) 20 days the non-breaching party receives notices of such breach, or (ii) by the Outside Date; |
| by Forum if there has been a Material Adverse Effect on C1 or its subsidiaries, which is uncured and continuing within 20 days after written notice provided by Forum; |
| by either Forum or C1 if approval for the Business Combination and the other matters submitted for Forum stockholder approval in the proxy statement contained in this Registration Statement are not obtained in the Forum stockholder meeting; and |
| by either Forum or C1 if the approval of the matters submitted to C1s stockholders at its special meeting of stockholders are not obtained. |
If the Merger Agreement is terminated, all further obligations of the parties under the Merger Agreement will terminate and will be of no further force and effect (except that certain obligations related to public announcements, confidentiality, termination and termination fees, waiver against trust, and certain general provisions will continue in effect), and no party will have any further liability to any other party thereto except for liability for any fraud claims or willful breach of the Merger Agreement prior to such termination.
In the event that the Merger Agreement is terminated by C1 due to Forums breach of its representations and warranties regarding the PIPE Investment or the Trust Account or its covenants with respect to the PIPE Investment, then Forum shall pay to C1 a termination fee in an amount in cash equal to $2,500,000 (the Termination Fee ), payable by Forum upon the earlier of Forums completion of its initial business combination with another person or entity thereafter or the dissolution and liquidation of Forum (solely to the extent of funds outside of the Trust Account after payment of the amounts owed to Forum public stockholders with respect to their Forum Common Stock in connection with such dissolution and liquidation).
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Seller Representative
A majority of the disinterested independent directors of Forum will decide certain matters relating to the post-Closing rights of Forum under the Merger Agreement and the ancillary documents, including any Merger Consideration adjustments and whether the Earnout Payments have been achieved.
Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., is serving as the Seller Representative under the Merger Agreement, and in such capacity will represent C1 Securityholders after the Closing with respect to certain matters under the Merger Agreement and the ancillary documents to which it is a party in such capacity.
Trust Account Waiver
C1 agreed that it and its affiliates will not have any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies in Forums Trust Account held for its public shareholders, and agreed not to, and waived any right to, make any claim against the Trust Account (including any distributions therefrom).
Governing Law and Dispute Resolution
The Merger Agreement is governed by New York law, except any disputes related to any fiduciary duty, duty of loyalty, or other duty or obligation of C1s or Forums respective boards of directors will be governed by Delaware law. Other than claims for injunctive or equitable relief (including specific performance to strictly enforce the terms of the Merger Agreement), and certain disputes relating to the post-Closing Merger Consideration adjustments and Earnout Payment determinations, any disputes under the Merger Agreement will be subject to arbitration by the American Arbitration Association to be held in Manhattan, New York. Any claims that are brought before a court will be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in New York, New York (and appeals courts), and each party waived its rights to a jury trial in connection therewith. The parties are entitled to an injunction, specific performance and other equitable relief to prevent breaches of the Merger Agreement in addition to any other remedy to which they are entitled at law or in equity.
Related Agreements
This section describes the material provisions of certain additional agreements entered into or to be entered into pursuant to the Merger Agreement (the Related Agreements ) but does not purport to describe all of the terms thereof. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of each of the Related Agreements, copies of each of which are attached hereto as part of Annex A . Shareholders and other interested parties are urged to read such Related Agreements in their entirety.
Voting Agreement
Simultaneously with the execution of the Merger Agreement, Forum and C1 entered into a voting agreement (the Voting Agreement ) with C1s largest stockholder, Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P., which owns a majority of C1s outstanding capital stock. Pursuant to the Voting Agreement, such stockholder agreed, among other things, to vote all of its shares of Company Stock in favor of the Merger Agreement and related transactions and to otherwise take certain other actions in support of the Merger Agreement and related transactions. The Voting Agreement prevents transfers of the Company Stock held by such stockholder between the date of the Voting Agreement and the date of the meeting of the Companys stockholders.
Sponsor Earnout Letter
In accordance with the letter agreement entered into on November 30, 2017 (the Sponsor Earnout Letter ) , by and among the Sponsor, Forum, C1, Seller Representative, Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company ( Continental ) and EBC, the Sponsor has agreed that effective upon the Closing, with respect to the 4,312,500 Founders Shares owned by the Sponsor, the Sponsor will (a) forfeit 1,078,125 of such shares upon the Closing and (b) subject 2,156,250 of such shares (the Sponsor Earnout Shares ) to potential forfeiture in the event that the Earnout Payments are not achieved by C1 Securityholders, with one-third (1/3 rd ) of the Sponsor
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Earnout Shares becoming vested and no longer subject to forfeiture upon the Earnout Payment attributable for each Earnout Year being received by C1 Securityholders (whether in the form of a Regular Earnout Payment, Catchup Earnout Payment or Accelerated Earnout Payment), and in the event of a Change of Control Earnout Payment all of the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture. Any Sponsor Earnout Shares that have not vested on or prior to the date that (i) all earned Earnout Payments have been made and (ii) it is finally determined that C1 Securityholders are not entitled to or eligible to receive any further Earnout Payments under the Merger Agreement, will be forfeited by the Sponsor after such date. The Sponsor also agreed in the Sponsor Earnout Letter (i) to not transfer any Sponsor Earnout Shares until they have become vested and are no longer subject to escrow pursuant to the Escrow Agreement (as further described in clause (B) below. (ii) on behalf of itself and its members and affiliates to waive any rights that it has under Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation to the adjustment to the conversion ratio of the Founders Shares in connection with the PIPE Investment and/or the Closing and any other rights that the Sponsor and/or its members or affiliates may have had to participate in the PIPE Investment. In consideration of the agreements by the Sponsor under the Sponsor Earnout Letter, the parties thereto, including Continental, as the escrow agent under the Stock Escrow Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2017 (the Escrow Agreement ), by and among Continental, Forum and Sponsor, agreed to amend the Escrow Agreement so that in lieu of the escrow and lock-up provisions in the Escrow Agreement: (A) the Founders Shares that are forfeited at the Closing are released from escrow for cancellation; (B) the Sponsor Earnout Shares will be subject to escrow and lock-up for a period from the Closing until 180 days thereafter (or if earlier, the date on which Forum consummates a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction with an unaffiliated third party that results in all of Forums stockholders having the right to exchange either equity holdings in Forum for cash, securities or other property); provided that if the volume-weighted average price of Forum Common Stock for 15 trading days is at least $12.50 per share, then 25% of the Sponsor Earnout Shares will be released from escrow and lock-up under the Escrow Agreement (but still subject to the vesting requirements under the Sponsor Earnout Letter); and (C) all of the remaining Founders Shares other than the Sponsor Earnout Shares and the shares that are forfeited at the Closing will be released from escrow and no longer be subject to any lock-up restrictions effective as of the Closing.
Lock-Up Agreements
At the Closing, each C1 Securityholder will enter into a Lock-Up Agreement with Forum, in substantially the form attached to the Merger Agreement with respect to their Forum Common Stock received in the Merger. In such Lock-Up Agreement, each C1 Securityholder will agree that it will not, from the Closing until 180 days thereafter (or if earlier, the date on which Forum consummates a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction with an unaffiliated third party that results in all of Forums stockholders having the right to exchange either equity holdings in Forum for cash, securities or other property), (i) lend, offer, pledge, hypothecate, encumber, donate, assign, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any of its Forum Common Stock, (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any of its Forum Common Stock or (iii) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing, whether any such transaction described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above is to be settled by delivery of Forum Common Stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise. However, if the volume-weighted average price of Forum Common Stock for 15 trading days is at least $12.50 per share, then the Lock-Up Period for 25% of the securities covered by the Lock-Up Agreement that are then held by the C1 Securityholder will immediately expire thereafter.
Notwithstanding the transfer restrictions, each C1 Securityholder will be allowed to transfer any of its Forum Common Stock by gift or charitable contribution, by will or intestate succession upon death of the C1 Securityholder, pursuant to a court order or settlement agreement in connection with a divorce, or to any affiliate, to any immediately family members, trusts for the benefit of the C1 Securityholder or its immediately family members, if the C1 Securityholder is a trust, to the trustor or trust beneficiary, or as a distribution to partners or other equity holders, provided in each such case that the transferee thereof agrees to be bound by the restrictions set forth in the Lock-up Agreement. Additionally, each C1 Securityholder will be permitted to make transfers in
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connection with the exercise of stock options for C1 Common Stock, but the underlying C1 Common Stock will continue to be subject to the lock-up restrictions, or to a 10b5-1 trading plan in connection with its establishment, so long as such plan does not permit transfers of such shares during the Lock-Up Period, or in connection with a voting agreement in connection with a change of control transaction approved by Forums board of directors.
Registration Rights Agreement
At the Closing, Forum and certain C1 Securityholders and the Sponsor will enter into an amended and restated registration rights agreement, in substantially the form attached to the Merger Agreement (the Registration Rights Agreement ). Under the Registration Rights Agreement, certain C1 Securityholders and the Sponsor will hold registration rights that obligate Forum to register for resale under the Securities Act, all or any portion of the Common Stock issued as merger consideration under the Merger Agreement, including any Earnout Stock Payments, as well as shares of Common Stock held by the Sponsor or issuable upon the exercise of warrants held by the Sponsor. Stockholders holding a majority-in-interest of all such registrable securities will be entitled to make a written demand for registration under the Securities Act of all or part of the their registrable securities, so long as such shares are not then restricted under the Lock-Up Agreement. Subject to certain exceptions, if any time after the Closing, the Combined Entity proposes to file a registration statement under the Securities Act with respect to its securities, under the Registration Rights Agreement, the Combined Entity shall give notice to the C1 Securityholders and the Sponsor as to the proposed filing and offer such stockholders an opportunity to register the sale of such number of their registrable securities as they request in writing. In addition, subject to certain exceptions, such stockholders will be entitled under the Registration Rights Agreement to request in writing that Forum register the resale of any or all of their registrable securities on Form S-3 and any similar short-form registration statement that may be available at such time.
Under the Registration Rights Agreement, Forum will agree to indemnify such stockholders and certain persons or entities related to such stockholders against any losses or damages resulting from any untrue statement or omission of a material fact in any registration statement or prospectus pursuant to which they sell registrable securities, unless such liability arose from their misstatement or omission, and such stockholders including registrable securities in any registration statement or prospectus will agree to indemnify the Combined Entity and certain persons or entities related to Forum against all losses caused by their misstatements or omissions in those documents.
Board of Directors and Management Following the Business Combination
The following persons are expected to serve as executive officers and directors following the Business Combination. For biographical information concerning the C1 executive officers and C1 designees to the board of directors, see Executive Officers and Directors of C1 . For biographical information concerning the Forum designees to the board of directors see Forums Management .
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. (1) |
62 | President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | ||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
53 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Paul Maier |
57 | President, Services Organization | ||||
John F. Lyons |
64 | President, Field Organization | ||||
David Boris (2) |
57 | Director | ||||
Richard Katzman (2) |
61 | Director | ||||
Keith W. F. Bradley (1) |
54 | Director | ||||
Behdad Eghbali (1) |
41 | Director | ||||
José E. Feliciano |
44 | Director | ||||
Christopher Jurasek |
52 | Director | ||||
Prashant Mehrotra (1) |
40 | Director | ||||
James Pade (1) |
33 | Director | ||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty (1) |
57 | Director |
(1) | C1 Designee |
(2) | Forum Designee |
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Classified Board of Directors
The Combined Entitys board of directors will consist of ten members upon the closing of the Business Combination. In accordance with the amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be filed, immediately after the consummation of the Business Combination, the board of directors will be divided into three classes. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following the election. The directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:
| the Class I directors will be Richard Katzman, Keith W.F. Bradley and James Pade, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2019; |
| the Class II directors will be David Boris, Timothy J. Pawlenty and Prashant Mehrotra, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2020; and |
| the Class III directors will be Behdad Eghbali, José E. Feliciano, John A. McKenna, Jr. and Chris Jurasek, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2021. |
The Combined Entity expects that any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors. The division of the board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms may delay or prevent a change of our management or a change in control.
Interests of Forums Directors and Officers and Others in the Business Combination
When you consider the recommendation of Forums board of directors in favor of approval of the Business Combination Proposal and the other proposals, you should keep in mind that the Sponsor and Forums directors and officers, have interests in such proposals that are different from, or in addition to, your interests as a stockholder. These interests include, among other things:
| unless Forum consummates an initial business combination, Forums officers, directors and sponsor will not receive reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them to the extent that such expenses exceed the amount of available proceeds not deposited in the Trust Account; |
| As a condition to the Forum IPO, all of the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the consummation of an initial business combination. However, 50% of the Founders Shares could be released from escrow immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, Forum, the Sponsor, C1, Continental, EBC and Clearlake entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, which amends the Escrow Agreement dated April 6, 2017, by and among the Sponsor, Forum and Continental, to release all of the Founders Shares held by the Sponsor from escrow to enable: (a) cancellation of 1,078,125 Founders Shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination, (b) subjecting 2,156,250 Founders Shares to forfeiture in the event the earnout provisions of the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and a 180-day lock-up period and (c) release of 1,078,125 Founders Shares from escrow immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination; |
| the Placement Units, including the Placement Shares, Placement Rights and Placement Warrants, purchased by the Sponsor will be worthless if a business combination is not consummated; |
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| the Sponsor has agreed that the Placement Units, and all of their underlying securities, will not be sold or transferred by it until 30 days after Forum has completed a business combination, subject to limited exceptions; |
| the fact that Sponsor paid an aggregate of $25,000 for its Founders Shares and such securities will have a significantly higher value at the time of the Business Combination; |
| the fact that Sponsor has agreed not to redeem any of the Founders Shares and Placement Shares in connection with a stockholder vote to approve a proposed initial business combination; |
| if Forum does not complete an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds from the sale of the Placement Units will be included in the liquidating distribution to Forums public stockholders and the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants will expire worthless; and |
| if the Trust Account is liquidated, including in the event Forum is unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period, the Sponsor has agreed to indemnify Forum to ensure that the proceeds in the Trust Account are not reduced below $10.10 per Public Share by the claims of prospective target businesses with which Forum has entered into an acquisition agreement or claims of any third party for services rendered or products sold to Forum, but only if such a vendor or target business has not executed a waiver of any and all rights to seek access to the Trust Account. |
Total Company Shares to be Issued in the Business Combination
It is anticipated that, upon completion of the Business Combination, the Companys public stockholders (other than investors in the PIPE Investment but including EBC) will retain an ownership interest of approximately 27.5% in the Combined Entity, the PIPE Investment investors will own approximately 25.8% of the outstanding common stock of the Combined Entity (such that public stockholders, including PIPE Investment investors, will own approximately 53.3% of the Combined Entity), the Sponsor will retain an ownership interest of approximately 2.5% in the Combined Entity and the C1 Securityholders will own approximately 44.1% of the outstanding common stock of the Combined Entity. This ownership interest assumes that no shares are elected to be redeemed and does not take into account Warrants to purchase common stock of the Combined Entity that may remain outstanding following the Business Combination.
These relative percentages reflect the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Class A Common Stock at the Closing and assume (i) no payment of Earnout Consideration in the Merger Agreement and (ii) forfeiture of 3,234,375 Founders Shares. The ownership percentage with respect to the Combined Entity following the Business Combination assumes (i) no holders exercise redemption rights with respect to the Public Shares, and (ii) the UPO or the Warrants are not exercised. If the actual facts are different than these assumptions (which they are likely to be), the percentage ownership retained by the Companys existing stockholders in the Combined Entity will be different.
Sources and Uses for the Business Combination
The following table summarizes the sources and uses for funding the Business Combination.
Sources |
Uses |
|||||||||
Existing Cash in Trust Account |
$ | 175 | Cash Consideration to C1 Securityholders | $ | 303 | |||||
PIPE Investment |
144 | C1 Securityholders Retained Equity Value | 311 | |||||||
C1 Securityholders Retained Equity Value |
311 | Operating Cash | 25 | |||||||
Cash |
10 | C1 Debt Assumed (9/30/2017) | 530 | |||||||
C1 Debt Assumed (9/30/2017) |
530 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total Sources |
$ | 1,169 | Total Uses | $ | 1,169 | |||||
|
|
|
|
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Certificate of Incorporation; Bylaws
Pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, upon the closing of the Business Combination, Forums bylaws will be amended and restated promptly to:
| reflect necessary changes and to be consistent with the proposed amended charter (for a full description of the proposed amendments to the charter see The Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal ; and |
| make certain other changes that our board of directors deems appropriate for a public operating company. |
Name; Headquarters
The name of the Combined Entity will be ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. and its headquarters will be located at 3344 Highway 149, Eagan, Minnesota 55121.
Background of the Business Combination
Forum is a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on November 17, 2016, for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization or similar business combination with one or more businesses. The Business Combination was the result of an extensive search for a potential transaction utilizing the network and investing and operating experience of our management team and Board. The terms of the Business Combination were the result of extensive negotiations between our Sponsor and Clearlake Capital. The following is a brief description of the background of these negotiations, the Business Combination and related transactions.
Prior to the consummation of our IPO, neither Forum, nor anyone on its behalf, contacted any prospective target business or had any substantive discussions, formal or otherwise, with respect to a transaction with Forum.
After our IPO, Forum commenced an active search for prospective businesses and assets to acquire. Management of Forum contacted and were contacted by a number of individuals and entities with respect to acquisition opportunities.
During that period, our management:
| considered and conducted an analysis of over 209 potential acquisition targets (other than C1); and |
| ultimately engaged in detailed discussions, due diligence and negotiations with several target businesses or their representatives, entering into non-disclosure agreements with 17 of those potential acquisition targets and entering into one Letter of Intent for a business combination with a company ( Company A ) other than C1. |
Company A is a specialty logistics provider. Over an approximately three-month period, Forum management and EBC, a financial advisor to Forum with respect to Company A, held numerous discussions and meetings with Company A management, controlling shareholders and lenders, including on-site visits at Company As executive offices and operating facilities. After completing its analysis, Forum determined that Company A did not represent the best opportunity for a successful business combination based on Company As customer concentration profile and the limited growth opportunities in its core business and management decided to focus on alternative opportunities.
On April 18, 2017, Marshall Kiev, Co-CEO and President of Forum, received an email from a representative of Evercore offering to discuss possible business combination opportunities for Forum. The Evercore representative indicated that he was aware of a company in the information technology services sector, C1, which he believed could be a potential merger partner for Forum. The Evercore representative indicated that he did not know if C1 would be interested in pursuing such a transaction but offered to reach out to the current
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owners to inquire about the opportunity if Forum had a strong interest in the sector. The Evercore representative also indicated that he had previously advised the majority stockholder of C1, Clearlake Capital Group, LP (Clearlake), in connection with Clearlakes 2014 acquisition of C1 when he was employed by another financial institution.
On April 20, 2017, the Evercore representative organized a conference call with Messrs. Kiev, Stephen A. Vogel, Executive Chairman of Forum and David Boris, Forums Co-CEO and CFO. The Evercore representative discussed with Forum management C1s operations and the business sectors in which it operates. Forum management expressed an interest in the opportunity. At a subsequent meeting at Evercores New York office on May 2, 2017, representatives of Evercore discussed the competitive landscape in the relevant industry sectors and C1s positioning in these segments. Forum authorized Evercore to contact Clearlake and express its interest in exploring a potential business combination with C1.
On May 9, 2017 Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris held a meeting attended by representatives of Evercore to discuss how C1 might be received by institutional investors as a public company. Following this meeting, Forum management held a conference call with representatives of Clearlake, which was attended by a representative of Evercore. During this call, the representatives of Clearlake provided background on their investment in C1 as well as expressing their willingness to explore a transaction in which Clearlake would retain control of C1 following the consummation of the business combination. The Forum management team and Clearlake discussed a potential business combination and both parties agreed to consider the matter further.
On May 19, 2017, to facilitate Forums diligence review with respect to a potential business combination involving C1, Forum entered into a non-disclosure agreement with C1 and began receiving and reviewing preliminary diligence materials. Following the execution of the non-disclosure agreement, Forums management team, commenced diligence efforts based on information provided by C1 and with the help of Evercore conducted research on C1, the industry in which C1 operates and comparable companies in the same sector as C1. This diligence review continued up through November 30, 2017.
On May 25, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore, to review C1s financial performance and to discuss the other companies in the same sector as C1.
On June 2, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to discuss preliminary feedback received from Clearlake regarding a potential business combination with Forum.
On June 9, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to prepare for a meeting with C1 and Clearlake that was scheduled to take place at Evercores offices on June 14, 2017. Representatives of Evercore discussed with Forum a potential capital structure for a possible transaction.
On June 14, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris met with Mr. John McKenna, CEO of C1 and representatives of Clearlake to discuss C1s business in more detail and evaluate proposed deal structures. The meeting was attended by representatives of Evercore. Based on Clearlakes expectations for the transaction, which it discussed at this meeting, the parties discussed the need to consummate a private financing in support of the transaction prior to the announcement of the transaction.
On June 16, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to review and discuss feedback received on June 15, 2017 from Clearlake regarding potential transaction structures and terms.
On June 20, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to review the possible responses to the feedback received on June 15, 2017 from Clearlake.
On June 27, 2017, the Board held a meeting in New York which Mr. Kiev, Mr. Vogel and Mr. Boris, were in attendance to discuss the status of the potential business combination with C1 and the contemplated
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transaction structure and terms. During this meeting, Mr. Kiev updated the Board on the status of the Forums review of potential acquisition targets, including the other potential targets in various stages of the pipeline and C1. Mr. Kiev updated the Board on the discussions with Clearlake regarding a potential business combination with C1, including the status of the Forums diligence to date and the then-current contemplated transaction structure and terms.
On July 24, 2017 and July 31, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to discuss a potential transaction structure and potential terms for a potential transaction with C1.
On August 1, 2017, through August 13, 2017 Forum began drafting a letter of intent in consultation with Ellenoff Grossman and Schole LLP, counsel to Forum. Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with representatives of Evercore to review and discuss the draft letter of intent.
On August 9, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with the Board to discuss the status of the potential business combination with C1 and a potential transaction structure and potential terms.
On August 14, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to review and discuss the draft letter of intent.
On August 14, 2017, Forum submitted to Clearlake a proposed non-binding letter of intent for a business combination with C1 (the LOI). This proposal included a $100 million private placement (the PIPE) to be committed prior to the execution of a definitive agreement related to a business combination with C1. The non-binding LOI also expressed the Companys desire to continue diligence, and requested that C1 enter into exclusive negotiations with Forum.
On August 18, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to discuss Clearlakes comments and questions on the LOI that representatives of Clearlake provided to representatives of Evercore telephonically on August 17, 2017.
On August 18, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Clearlake and Evercore to discuss the LOI and the due diligence plan.
During the next several days, Forum and its representatives negotiated the proposed agreement. The Board determined the total consideration that would be offered to C1 based on the negotiations and input from Evercore on the market value of C1. The Board pinpointed the total consideration on August 20, 2017 and the LOI was executed on the same date. Immediately after the execution of the LOI, Forum and Evercore began work on arranging the required PIPE and continued the initial business due diligence analysis of C1.
On August 23, 2017 Mr. Kiev, sent an email to the Board with a copy of the executed LOI with C1 and background information about C1.
On August 24, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to discuss and propose to Clearlake and C1 a potential timeline to complete the proposed transaction.
On August 28, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference attended by representatives of Evercore to review the timeline of the proposed transaction.
Starting on August 29, 2017, through November 29, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris held regular telephonic conferences with representatives of Evercore, Messrs. McKenna and Nachbor and representatives of Clearlake. In addition, during this time, Evercore arranged meetings with prospective PIPE investors and, together with Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, Cooley LLP and Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, counsel to Evercore, negotiated non-disclosure agreements with the prospective PIPE investors. C1 and Forum, together with their respective counsel, also prepared, and representatives of Evercore reviewed, information concerning the proposed PIPE financing and C1 to deliver to the prospective PIPE investors (the PIPE Materials ).
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On August 30, 2017, Messrs. Vogel, Kiev, Boris met with Mr. McKenna and Mr. Jeff Nachbor, CFO of C1, at the recently acquired network operations center of Strategic Products and Services in New Jersey. The meeting was attended by a representative of Evercore. During this meeting, the management of C1 provided the Forum team with a detailed update on C1 operations and financial performance including the results of three acquisitions that C1 had recently closed or was in the process of completing in the third quarter of 2017.
During September and October, Forum and its financial advisors worked on arranging the financing necessary to complete the business combination with C1.
On September 4, 2017, Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP with input from Forum provided Cooley LLP, counsel to C1, a due diligence request list.
On September 6, 2017, Mr. Kiev, sent an email to the Board informing them that Evercore has started to market the PIPE on behalf of Forum and provide them a copy of the PIPE materials.
Starting on September 13, 2017 Messrs. Boris, Kiev and McKenna met, with a representative of Evercore in attendance, prospective PIPE investors in New York City, Boston and Connecticut and held telephonic conferences to discuss their interest in the PIPE. During these meetings, Messrs. Boris, Kiev and McKenna reviewed with the prospective PIPE investors certain information regarding C1s business. The feedback and responses received from the potential investors regarding a potential business combination between the Company and C1 was generally positive.
On September 24, 2017, Mr. Kiev, sent an email to the Board containing the investor presentation and the PIPE Materials.
On October 4, 2017, Evercore discussed with representatives of Forum publicly available financial information about other companies in the same sector as C1.
On October 8, 2017, Mr. Kiev updated the Board on the PIPE marketing efforts and provided it with publicly available financial information about other companies in the same sector as C1.
October 13, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris held a telephonic conference with the Board to discuss the status of the potential business combination with CI, the contemplated transaction structure and terms. In addition, the Board discussed the status of the discussions with prospective investors in the PIPE. During this meeting, the Board discussed obtaining a fairness opinion and Mr. Boris updated the Board on his interviews with several potential financial advisor candidates. After the Board discussed the strengths and weaknesses of each financial advisor, the Board selected Cassel Salpeter, an independent investment banking firm, to render an opinion to the Board as to consideration to be issued and paid by Forum in the potential business combination was fair, from a financial point of view, to Forum and whether C1 had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of funds in Forums trust account. The Board then authorized Mr. Boris to contact representatives of Cassel Salpeter to finalize the terms of its engagement with Forum.
In late October and early November, management of Forum and Clearlake discussed the potential benefits of increasing the amount of capital being raised in the PIPE transaction in excess of $100 million. The parties agreed that having secured a substantial amount of institutional interest in the proposed business combination before the execution of the definitive agreement would be a substantial benefit to Forum. Based on these discussions, Forum management agreed to make a substantial portion of the Founders Shares subject to CI achieving the negotiated earn-out targets following the consummation of the business combination. Clearlake agreed to partially reduce its potential earn-out shares to allow Forum management to regain a portion of these shares if the earn-out targets were achieved. Forum and its advisors worked with Clearlake over the next several weeks to determine a structure for the earn-out shares that would achieve the goals of each party.
On October 20, 2017, Cowen & Company ( Cowen ) was engaged to provide additional capital markets advisory services including with respect to the contemplated PIPE. Forum management, CI management, with representatives of Evercore and Cowen in attendance, met with certain institutional investors in New York and Boston with respect to the PIPE.
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On November 1, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with representatives of Cowen, Evercore and EBC to review new potential terms for the PIPE, including the restructuring of the Founders Shares.
On November 7, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with the Board to discuss the status of the potential business combination with CI and the contemplated transaction structure and terms.
On November 9, 2017, EBC was engaged to provide additional capital markets advisory services including the contemplated PIPE financing. Forum management, CI management and representatives of Evercore and EarlyBird spoke with certain institutional investors with respect to the PIPE.
On November 9, 2017 Mr. Kiev sent an email to the Board with the updated terms of the PIPE and the updated public company comparable analysis and the status of the potential business combination with CI.
On November 10, 2017, Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP provided an initial draft of the Merger Agreement to Cooley LLP and Hogan Lovells LLP, counsel to Clearlake. Between November 10, 2017 and November 29, 2017, representatives of Forum, representatives of C1 and representatives of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, Cooley LLP, and Hogan Lovells LLP, negotiated the terms of the definitive Merger Agreement and Related Agreements. The parties of held various telephonic conferences to discuss and resolve the remaining open issues. In addition Forum, Evercore and representatives of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, Fried, Frank, Harris, Shriver & Jacobson LLP, and Cooley LLP also negotiated subscription agreements and other documentation with the prospective Investors in the PIPE.
On November 13, 2017, after discussing the strengths and weaknesses of each financial advisor, the Board selected Cassel Salpeter to deliver the fairness opinion because it is a recognized investment banking firm that has substantial experience in special purpose acquisition company mergers, and has rendered similar services to other blank check companies.
On November 19, 2017, Mr. Kiev sent an email to the Board with a then-current Merger Agreement.
On November 20, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with the Board and a representative of Evercore and representatives from Ellenoff Grossman and Schole LLP to review the transaction with CI, a review of the public comparable and review a draft of the Merger Agreement, a draft of which was provided to the Board in advance of the meeting, and highlighted the open issues in the Merger Agreement for the Board. Representatives of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP reviewed with the Board the terms of the Business Combination, including the Merger Agreement and the Related Agreements, copies of all of which were provided to the Board in advance of the meeting.
On November 23, 2017, Mr. Kiev sent an email to the Board with a revised draft of the Merger Agreement for their review.
On November 24, 2017, Mr. Kiev sent an email to the Board with a draft fairness opinion from Cassel Salpeter.
On November 26, 2017, Messrs. Kiev, Vogel and Boris had a telephonic conference with the Board and a representative of Evercore, representatives from Ellenoff Grossman and Schole LLP, Messrs. James Cassel, Scott Salpeter and Marcus Wei from Cassel Salpeter. The Board discussed transaction terms and evaluate the Business Combination. Representatives of Cassel Salpeter provided a presentation to the Board, a copy of which was provided to the Board in advance of the meeting, regarding Cassel Salpeters financial analysis with respect to Forum, C1 and the Business Combination. Thereafter, Cassel Salpeter rendered its oral opinion to the Board, (which was confirmed in writing by delivery of Cassel Salpeters written opinion dated the same date), as to, as of November 26, 2017, (i) the fairness, from a financial point of view, to Forum of the Total Consideration to be paid by Forum in the Business Combination and (ii) whether C1 had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of
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the balance of funds in Forums trust account. The full text of the written opinion of Cassel Salpeter, which describes, among other things, the assumptions, qualifications, limitations and other matters considered in connection with the preparation of its opinion is attached as Annex F .
On November 30, 2017, the parties executed the Merger Agreement and the Subscription Agreements and other documentation related thereto. On the morning of December 1, 2017, before the stock market opened, Forum and ConvergeOne each announced the execution of the Master Transaction Agreement and the Business Combination.
Satisfaction of 80% Test
It is a requirement under Nasdaq listing rules that any business acquired by Forum have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of the funds in the Trust Account at the time of the execution of a definitive agreement for an initial business combination. Based on the financial analysis of C1 considered in approving the transaction, including primarily a comparison of comparable companies, the Forums board of directors determined that C1 had a fair market value of approximately $1.14 billion. As of November 30, 2017, the date the Merger Agreement was executed, the balance of the funds in the Trust Account was approximately $175.4 million and the threshold amount for satisfaction of the 80% test was therefore approximately $170,156,000. Accordingly, the Forums board of directors determined that such test was met. Forums board of directors believes that the financial skills and background of its members qualify it to conclude that the Business Combination with met this test.
Anticipated Accounting Treatment
The Business Combination will be accounted for as a reverse merger in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Under this method of accounting Forum will be treated as the acquired company for financial reporting purposes. This determination primarily based on C1 Securityholders having a majority of the voting power of the combined company, C1 comprising the ongoing operations of the combined entity, C1 comprising a majority of the governing body of the combined company, and C1s senior management comprising the senior management of the combined company. Accordingly, for accounting purposes, the Business Combination will be treated as the equivalent of C1 issuing stock for the net assets of Forum, accompanied by a recapitalization. The net assets of Forum will be stated at historical cost, with no goodwill or other intangible assets recorded. Operations prior to the business combination will be those of C1.
Potential Purchases of Public Shares
In connection with the stockholder vote to approve the proposed Business Combination, the Sponsor, directors, officers, or advisors or their respective affiliates may privately negotiate transactions to purchase shares from stockholders who would have otherwise elected to have their shares redeemed in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules for a per-share pro rata portion of the Trust Account. None of Forums directors, officers or advisors or their respective affiliates will make any such purchases when they are in possession of any material non-public information not disclosed to the seller or during a restricted period under Regulation M under the Exchange Act. Such a purchase would include a contractual acknowledgement that such stockholder, although still the record holder of Forums shares is no longer the beneficial owner thereof and therefore agrees not to exercise its redemption rights, and would include a contractual provision that directs such stockholder to vote such shares in a manner directed by the purchaser. In the event that the Sponsor, directors, officers or advisors or their affiliates purchase shares in privately negotiated transactions from public stockholders who have already elected to exercise their redemption rights, such selling stockholders would be required to revoke their prior elections to redeem their shares. Any such privately negotiated purchases may be effected at purchase prices that are in excess of the per-share pro rata portion of the Trust Account.
The purpose of such purchases would be to increase the likelihood of obtaining stockholder approval of the Business Combination or, where the purchases are made by the Sponsor, directors, officers or advisors or their respective affiliates, to satisfy a closing condition in an agreement related to the Business Combination.
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The Boards Reasons for Approval of the Business Combination
Forum was organized for the purpose of effecting a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, or similar business combination with one or more businesses. Forum has sought to capitalize on the ability of its management team to identify, acquire and partner with management to operate a business. Forum intended to focus on companies that have an enterprise value of $250 to 500 million or more, that are U.S.-based, have excellent management teams, have growth potential, and that would benefit from access to capital to fund acquisitions or working capital for organic growth.
The Business Combination was the result of a thorough search for a potential transaction utilizing the extensive network and investing and operating experience of Forums management team and board of directors. The terms of the Business Combination were the result of thorough negotiations between the representatives of Forum, C1 and Clearlake.
From the date of its IPO through execution of the Merger Agreement on November 30, 2017, Forum identified, evaluated and contacted over 209 potential acquisition target companies. In considering the proposed Business Combination, Forums Board considered in particular the following positive factors, although not weighted or in any order of significance:
| Leading Middle-Market Business and Attractive Financial profile . C1 is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. They serve clients through their comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. They have deep technical expertise which enables them to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. |
| Proven Track Record and Strong Management Team . C1 is led by a highly experienced management team that has transformed C1s business to serve to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. C1 served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies C1 acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, they served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies C1 acquired in 2017. Their technical expertise and client-centric culture have led to long-standing, and expanding client relationships. With more than 1,300 highly skilled engineers and consulting professionals and approximately 330 sales professionals, they are able to deliver customized services and technology offerings to address the specific needs of their clients. |
| Strong Competitive Position . Forum focused on C1s growing market position in their respective category within the IT Services industry. Forum believes that they have some intellectual property advantages when compared to their competitors, which may help to protect their market position and profitability. Forum believes that C1 has a much large scale potential and will benefits by having long-standing vendor relationships and a diverse customer. |
| Opportunity for Significant Revenue and Earnings Growth . C1 has the potential for significant revenue and earnings growth through a combination of organic growth, an acquisition opportunities. Forum believes C1 will continue to grow organically by further penetrating existing customers, expanding its customer base and developing and expanding its cross-selling efforts. C1 also aims to continue to opportunistically acquire high-quality businesses that meet its stringent acquisition criteria. C1 has an identified pipeline of potential acquisition candidates that C1s management is focused on successfully executing over the next several years. Forum believes that C1, under new public ownership, will be able to access more efficient capital to provide currency for its consolidation strategy to further increase revenues and shareholder value. |
|
Benefit from Being a Public Company . Forum believes that C1 under new public ownership will have the flexibility and financial resources to pursue and execute a growth strategy to increase revenues and |
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shareholder value and will benefit from being publicly traded and can effectively utilize the broader access to capital and public profile that are associated with being a publicly traded company. |
Opinion of Financial Advisor to the Board of Directors of Forum
On November 26, 2017, Cassel Salpeter rendered its oral opinion to the Forum board (which was confirmed in writing by delivery of Cassel Salpeters written opinion dated such date), that, as of November 26, 2017, (i) the Total Consideration to be issued and paid to the ConvergeOne shareholders in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to Forum and (ii) ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of funds in Forums trust account.
The summary of Cassel Salpeters opinion in this proxy statement/prospectus is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the written opinion, which is included as Annex F to this proxy statement/prospectus and sets forth the procedures followed, assumptions made, qualifications and limitations on the review undertaken and other matters considered by Cassel Salpeter in preparing its opinion. However, neither Cassel Salpeters written opinion nor the summary of its opinion and the related analyses set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus are intended to be, and do not constitute, advice or a recommendation to any of Forums stockholders or any other security holders as to how such holder should vote or act with respect to any matter relating to the Mergers or otherwise.
The opinion was addressed to the Forum board for the use and benefit of the members of the Forum board (in their capacities as such) in connection with the Forum boards evaluation of the Mergers. Cassel Salpeters opinion was just one of the several factors the Forum board took into account in making its determination to approve the Mergers, including those described elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
Cassel Salpeters opinion only addressed whether, as of the date of the opinion, (i) the Total Consideration to be issued in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement was fair, from a financial point of view, to Forum and (ii) ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the Trust Fund. It did not address any other terms, aspects, or implications of the Mergers or the Merger Agreement, including, without limitation, (i) any term or aspect of the Mergers that was not susceptible to financial analyses, (ii) other than assuming the consummations thereof prior to the Transaction, the PIPE Investment, (iii) the redemption obligations of Forum under its organizational documents (the Redemption ), (iv) the fairness of the Mergers, or all or any portion of the Total Consideration, to any other security holders of Forum, ConvergeOne or any other person or any creditors or other constituencies of Forum, ConvergeOne or any other person, (v) the appropriate capital structure of Forum or ConvergeOne or whether Forum should be issuing debt or equity securities or a combination of both in the Mergers, (vi) any capital raising or financing transaction contemplated by Forum or ConvergeOne, nor (vii) the fairness of the amount or nature, or any other aspect, of any compensation or consideration payable to or received by any officers, directors, or employees of any parties to the Mergers or any class of such persons, relative to the total consideration in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement, or otherwise or of any other agreements or other arrangements entered into in connection with, or contemplated by the Merger Agreement including, without limitation, the Voting Agreement or the Registration Rights Agreement to be entered into in connection with the Mergers. Cassel Salpeter did not express any opinion as to what the value of shares of Forums Class A common stock actually will be when issued to the holders of ConvergeOnes securities pursuant to the Merger or the prices at which shares of Forum Class A common stock may trade, be purchased or sold at any time , and Cassel Salpeter made no representation or warranty regarding the adequacy of its opinion or the analyses underlying its opinion for the purpose of Forums compliance with the terms of its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the rules of any securities exchange or any other general or particular purpose..
Cassel Salpeter was not requested to, nor did Cassel Salpeter, seek alternative candidates for a transaction with Forum. Cassel Salpeters opinion did not address the relative merits of the Mergers as compared to any alternative transaction or business strategy that might exist for Forum, including the liquidation of Forums trust account or any Redemption, or the merits of the underlying decision by the Forum Board or Forum to engage in
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or consummate the Mergers. The structuring of the Mergers and the financial and other terms of the Mergers were determined pursuant to negotiations between the parties to the Merger Agreement without our participation and were not determined by or pursuant to any recommendation from Cassel Salpeter.
Cassel Salpeters analysis and opinion were necessarily based upon market, economic, and other conditions as they existed on, and could be evaluated as of, the date of the opinion. Accordingly, although subsequent developments could arise that would otherwise affect its opinion, Cassel Salpeter did not assume any obligation to update, review, or reaffirm its opinion to the Forum board or any other person or otherwise to comment on or consider events occurring or coming to Cassel Salpeters attention after the date of the opinion.
In arriving at its opinion, Cassel Salpeter made such reviews, analyses, and inquiries as Cassel Salpeter deemed necessary and appropriate under the circumstances. Among other things, Cassel Salpeter:
| Reviewed a draft, dated November 25, 2017 of the Merger Agreement. |
| Reviewed certain publicly available financial information and other data with respect to Forum that Cassel Salpeter deemed relevant. |
| Reviewed certain other information and data with respect to Forum and ConvergeOne made available to us by Forum and ConvergeOne, including the audited financial statements of Forum for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, the unaudited financial statements of ConvergeOne for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, selected pro forma unaudited financial information of ConvergeOne for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017 (the Pro Forma Historical ), selected pro forma financial information of ConvergeOne for the twelve months ending December 31, 2017 (the Pro Forma 2017, and together with the Pro forma Historical, the Pro Forma Financials), and the selected projected financial information of ConvergeOne for the years ending December 31, 2018 through 2020 set forth under the section titled Limited Projections Furnished by ConvergeOne to Forum , which are provided below (the Limited Projections ). |
| Reviewed the minimum EBITDA Earnout targets using the Measurement Methodologies (as defined in the Merger Agreement) for any applicable Measurement Date occurring within the respective calendar years 2018, 2019, and 2020 which must be met for ConvegeOnes securityholders to receive the Earnout Consideration (the EBITDA Targets ) |
| Considered and compared the financial and operating performance of ConvergeOne with that of companies with publicly traded equity securities that we deemed relevant. |
| Considered the publicly available financial terms of certain transactions that we deemed relevant. |
| Compared the implied enterprise value reference ranges of ConvergeOne to the balance, as provided by Forum management, in Forums trust fund. |
| Discussed the business, operations, and prospects of Forum and ConvegeOne and the proposed Merger with Forums and ConvergeOnes management and certain of Forums and ConvergeOnes representatives. |
| Conducted such other analyses and inquiries, and considered such other information and factors as Cassel Salpeter deemed appropriate. |
For purposes of its analysis and opinion, Cassel Salpeter assumed, at the direction of the Forum board, that the Cash Consideration would be $274,000,000 and the Stock Consideration would be 39,800,000 shares of Class A common stock of Forum valued at $10.13 per share and, the contingent consideration would be the right to receive up to an additional $99,000,000 in cash and 9,900,000 additional shares of Class A common stock of the Company. In addition, for purposes of its analysis and opinion Cassel Salpeter, with the Forum boards consent, evaluated whether, as of the date of its opinion, ConvergeOne had a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the
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balance in Forums trust account solely upon the basis of a comparison of the implied enterprise value reference range indicated by Cassel Salpeters financial analysis with the balance of funds in Forums trust account, which the Forum board advised Cassel Salpeter and Cassel Salpeter, for purposes of its analysis and opinion, with the Forum boards consent, assumed did not and would not exceed $174,964,734. Cassel Salpeter in addition assumed, for purposes of its analysis and opinion, at the direction of the Forums management that the liquidation value per share of Forum Class A common stock was equal to $10.13 (the Per Share Liquidation Value ) and was the fair market value of such shares and was a reasonable basis upon which to evaluate Forum Class A common stock and the Company.
In arriving at its opinion, Cassel Salpeter, with the Forum boards consent, relied upon and assumed, without independently verifying, the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was supplied or otherwise made available to, or discussed with, Cassel Salpeter or available from public sources, and Cassel Salpeter further relied upon the assurances of Forums and ConvergeOnes management that they were not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make any such information inaccurate or misleading. Cassel Salpeter also relied upon, without independent verification, the assessments of the management of Forum and ConvergeOne as to ConvergeOnes existing and future technology, products, projects, and services (including, without limitation, the development, testing, marketing, and life of such technology, products, projects, and services), and Cassel Salpeter assumed, at the Forum boards direction, that there would be no developments with respect to any such matters that would adversely affect Cassel Salpeter analysis or opinion. Cassel Salpeter is not a legal, tax, accounting, environmental, or regulatory advisor and, Cassel Salpeter did not express any views or opinions as to the tax treatment that will be required to be applied to the Mergers or any legal, tax, accounting, environmental, or regulatory matters relating to Forum, ConvergeOne, the Mergers, or otherwise. Cassel Salpeter relied as to all legal, tax and accounting matters on advice of the Forums management and Forums third-party legal, tax and accounting advisors. Cassel Salpeter understood and assumed that Forum had obtained or would obtain such advice as it deems necessary or appropriate from qualified legal, tax, accounting, environmental, regulatory, and other professionals.
The Forum board advised Cassel Salpeter and Cassel Salpeter assumed that the Pro forma Financials and the Limited Projections constitute ConvergeOnes financial reports and projections for the periods indicated and were reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of management of ConvergeOne with respect to the future financial performance of ConvergeOne, and that such information provided a reasonable basis upon which to analyze and evaluate ConvergeOne and form an opinion. Cassel Salpeter expressed no view with respect to the Pro Forma Financials, Limited Projections, EBITDA Targets, or Measurement Methodologies, or the assumptions on which they were based. In that regard, Cassel Salpeter assumed, with the Forum boards consent, that the EBITDA Targets shall be achieved at the amounts and at the times contemplated. Neither Forum nor ConvergeOne provide Cassel Salpeter with any projections of future financial performance or operating results to review in connection with preparation of the Cassel Salpeter opinion, other than the Limited Projections. Cassel Salpeter did not evaluate the solvency or creditworthiness of Forum, ConvergeOne or any other party to the Merger, the fair value of Forum, ConvergeOne or any of their respective assets or liabilities, or whether Forum or ConvergeOne or any other party to the Merger was paying or receiving reasonably equivalent value in the Mergers under any applicable foreign, state, or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, or similar matters, nor did Cassel Salpeter evaluate, in any way, the ability of Forum, ConvergeOne or any other party to the Mergers pay their obligations when they come due. Cassel Salpeter did not physically inspect Forums, ConvergeOnes properties or facilities and did not make or obtain any evaluations or appraisals of the Forums or ConvergeOnes assets or liabilities, (including any contingent, derivative, or off-balance-sheet assets and liabilities). Cassel Salpeter did not attempt to confirm whether Forum and ConvergeOne had good title to their respective assets. Cassel Salpeter assumed that all material assets and liabilities (contingent on otherwise) of Forum and ConvergeOne were as set forth in the financial statements and information provided to Cassel Salpeter or that were publicly available. Cassel Salpeters role in reviewing any information was limited solely to performing such reviews as Cassel Salpeter deemed necessary to support its own advice and analysis and was not on behalf of the Forum board, Forum, or any other party.
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Cassel Salpeter assumed, with the Forum boards consent, that the Mergers would be consummated in a manner that complies in all respects with applicable foreign, federal, state, and local laws, rules, and regulations and that, in the course of obtaining any regulatory or third party consents, approvals, or agreements in connection with the Mergers, no delay, limitation, restriction, or condition would be imposed that would have an adverse effect on Forum, its stockholders, ConvergeOne, the Mergers or the expected benefits of the Mergers. Cassel Salpeter also assumed, with the Forum boards consent, that the final executed forms of the Agreement and all ancillary agreements would not differ in any material respect from the drafts Cassel Salpeter reviewed and that the Mergers would be consummated on the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement without waiver, modification, or amendment of any term, condition, or agreement thereof that is material to Cassel Salpeters analyses or opinion. Without limitation to the foregoing, Cassel Salpeter with the Forum boards consent, further assumed that any adjustments to the Total Consideration in accordance with the Merger Agreement or otherwise would not be material to Cassel Salpeters analysis or opinion. Cassel Salpeter also assumed that the representations and warranties of the parties to the Merger Agreement contained therein are true and correct and that each such party will perform all of the covenants and agreements to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement. Cassel Salpeter offered no opinion as to the contractual terms of the Merger Agreement or the likelihood that the conditions to the consummation of the Mergers set forth in the Merger Agreement would be satisfied. Cassel Salpeter was not asked and offered no opinion as to whether the criteria for the Earnout Consideration would be met. We have further assumed that for U.S. federal tax income purposes the Mergers shall qualify as a plan of reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code ).
In connection with preparing its opinion, Cassel Salpeter performed a variety of financial analyses. The following is a summary of the material financial analyses performed by Cassel Salpeter in connection with the preparation of its opinion. It is not a complete description of all analyses underlying such opinion. The preparation of an opinion is a complex process involving quantitative and qualitative judgments and determinations with respect to financial, comparative and other analytical methods employed and adaptation and application of these methods to the unique facts and circumstances presented. As a consequence, neither Cassel Salpeters opinion nor the respective analyses underlying its opinion is readily susceptible to partial analysis or summary description. In arriving at its opinion, Cassel Salpeter assessed as a whole the results of all analyses undertaken by it with respect to the opinion. While it took into account the results of each analysis in reaching its overall conclusions, Cassel Salpeter did not make separate or quantifiable judgments regarding individual analyses and did not draw, in isolation, conclusions from or with regard to any individual analysis or factor. Therefore, Cassel Salpeter believes that the analyses underlying the opinion must be considered as a whole and that selecting portions of its analyses or the factors it considered, without considering all analyses and factors underlying the opinion collectively, could create a misleading or incomplete view of the analyses performed by Cassel Salpeter in preparing the opinion.
For purposes of its analyses, Cassel Salpeter reviewed a number of financial metrics, including the following:
EBITDA generally the amount of the relevant companys earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization for a specified time period.
Enterprise Value generally the value as of a specified date of the relevant companys outstanding equity securities (taking into account its options and other outstanding convertible securities) plus the value as of such date of its net debt (the value of its outstanding indebtedness, preferred stock and minority interests less the amount of cash on its balance sheet).
The implied value reference ranges indicated by Cassel Salpeters analyses are not necessarily indicative of actual values nor predictive of future results, which may be significantly more or less favorable than those suggested by such analyses. Much of the information used in, and accordingly the results of, Cassel Salpeters analyses are inherently subject to substantial uncertainty.
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The following summary of the material financial analyses performed by Cassel Salpeter in connection with the preparation of its opinion includes information presented in tabular format. The tables alone do not constitute a complete description of these analyses. Considering the data in the tables below without considering the full narrative description of the analyses, as well as the methodologies and assumptions underlying the analyses, could create a misleading or incomplete view of the financial analyses Cassel Salpeter performed.
For purposes of its analyses, Cassel Salpeter considered the implied values of the Merger Consideration and Total Consideration to be issued and paid in the Mergers of $677,000,000 and $876,000,000, respectively, based on the assumption that the entire amount of the earnout consideration would be issued in accordance with the Merger Agreement, and based upon the liquidation value per share of Forum Class A common stock of $10.13, which Forum advised Cassel Salpeter, and Cassel Salpeter, with the consent of the Forum board assumed, was a reasonable basis upon which to evaluate the Forum Class A common stock and Forum.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, (1) share prices for the selected companies used in the selected companies analysis described below were as of November 26, 2017, (2) estimates of financial performance for the selected companies listed below for the years ending December 31, 2017, 2018 and 2019 were based on publicly available research analyst estimates for those companies, (3) estimates of financial performance for ConvergeOne for the year ending December 2017 were based on the Pro Forma 2017 financial information, (4) estimates of financial performance for ConvergeOne for the years ending December 31, 2018 to 2020 were based on the Limited Projections, and (5) the relevant values for the selected transactions analysis described below were calculated on an enterprise value basis based on the consideration proposed to be paid in the selected transactions.
Discounted Cash Flows Analysis
Cassel Salpeter performed a discounted cash flow analysis of ConvergeOne based on the Limited Projections. In performing this analysis, Cassel Salpeter applied discount rates ranging from 9.10% to 10.10% and perpetuity growth rates ranging from 2.75% to 3.25%. This analysis indicated an implied equity value reference range of $675,100,000 to $961,800,000 for ConvergeOne, as compared to the implied values of the Merger Consideration and Total Consideration of $677,000,000 and $876,000,000, respectively.
Selected Companies Analysis
Cassel Salpeter considered certain financial data for ConvergeOne and selected companies with publicly traded equity securities Cassel Salpeter deemed relevant.
The selected companies with publicly traded equity securities were classified into two groups:
BPO Services/Integrators (BPOs)
| Accenture plc |
| Cognizant Tech Solutions Corp. |
| DXC Technology Company |
| Capgemini SE |
| Wipro Limited |
| CGI Group, Inc. |
| Virtusa Corporation |
| Perficient, Inc. |
| The Hackett Group, Inc. |
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VARS
| CDW Corporation |
| Presidio, Inc. |
| Insight Enterprises, Inc. |
| ePlus, Inc. |
The financial data reviewed included:
| Enterprise Value as multiple of projected EBITDA for 2017, or 2017P EBITDA. |
| Enterprise Value as multiple of projected EBITDA for 2018, or 2018P EBITDA. |
| Enterprise Value as multiple of projected EBITDA for 2019, or 2019P EBITDA. |
Cassel Salpeter calculated the following multiples with respect to the BPO selected companies:
Enterprise Value as a Multiple of |
High | Mean | Median | Low | ||||||||||||
2017P EBITDA |
22.4x | 12.3x | 10.7x | 8.7x | ||||||||||||
2018P EBITDA |
15.8x | 10.7x | 10.1x | 7.0x | ||||||||||||
2019P EBITDA |
12.9x | 9.9x | 9.6x | 6.4x |
Cassel Salpeter calculated the following multiples with respect to the VAR selected companies:
Enterprise Value as a Multiple of |
High | Mean | Median | Low | ||||||||||||
2017P EBITDA |
12.8x | 10.4x | 10.7x | 7.5x | ||||||||||||
2018P EBITDA |
11.4x | 9.6x | 10.1x | 6.9x | ||||||||||||
2019P EBITDA |
10.1x | 9.2x | 9.2x | 8.4x |
Taking into account the results of the selected companies analysis, Cassel Salpeter applied multiples of 10.5x to 11.5x to ConvergeOnes projected pro forma 2017P EBITDA; 9.5x to 10.5x to ConvergeOnes projected 2018P EBITDA; and 9.0x to 10.0x to ConvergeOnes projected 2019P EBITDA. This analysis indicated an implied equity value reference range of $860,800,000 to $1,004,500,000 for ConvergeOne, as compared to the implied values of the Merger Consideration and Total Consideration of $677,000,000 and $876,000,000, respectively.
None of the selected companies have characteristics identical to ConvergeOne. An analysis of selected publicly traded companies is not mathematical; rather it involves complex consideration and judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics of the selected companies and other factors that could affect the public trading values of the companies reviewed.
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Selected Transactions Analysis
Cassel Salpeter considered certain financial data for ConvergeOne and the financial terms of the following business transactions Cassel Salpeter deemed relevant. The financial data reviewed included Enterprise Value as a multiple of last twelve months, or LTM, revenue. The selected transactions were:
($ in millions) | ||||||||||||
Target |
Acquiror |
Total Price Paid (1) | Enterprise Value (2) | |||||||||
BPO Services/Integrators | ||||||||||||
NCI, Inc. | H.I.G. Capital, LLC; HIG Middle Market LBO Fund II | $ | 272.3 | $ | 285.1 | |||||||
Datalink Corporation | Insight Enterprises, Inc. | 252.7 | 223.1 | |||||||||
Collaborate Consulting, LLC | CGI Technologies and Solutions, Inc. | 112.7 | 112.7 | |||||||||
Netech Corporation | Aegis Holdings, Inc. (nka: Presidio, Inc.) | 250.5 | 250.5 | |||||||||
Blue Star Infotech Limited | Blue Star Limited | 47.7 | 46.9 | |||||||||
iGATE Corporation | Capgemini North American, Inc. | 3,887.0 | 4,453.6 | |||||||||
Granite Business Solutions, Inc. | ePlus Technology, Inc. | 10.7 | 10.7 | |||||||||
VARs | ||||||||||||
Westcon Group, Inc. | SYNNEX Corporation | 630.0 | 830.0 | |||||||||
Brocade Communications Systems, Inc. | LSI Corporation; Broadcom Corporation | 5,492.7 | 5,930.1 | |||||||||
Enterasys Network, Inc. | Extreme Networks, Inc. | 180.0 | 249.8 | |||||||||
Softchoice Corporation | Birch Hill Equity Partners Management Inc.; Birch Hill Equity Partners IV, LP. | 396.9 | 348.2 |
(1) | Total price paid equals common equity value assuming 100% interest acquired. |
(2) | Enterprise value equals total price plus total debt, preferred stock and minority interests, less cash. |
The selected transactions considered by Cassel Salpeter were consummated between June 2013 and August 2017. The high, low, mean and median total price paid (assuming 100% of the interests were acquired) in the BPO selected transactions were $3.887 billion, $10.7 million, $691 million and $251 million, respectively, and in the VAR selected transactions were $5.493 billion, $180 million, $1.675 billion and $513 million, respectively.
Cassel Salpeter calculated the following multiples with respect to the BPO selected transactions:
High | Mean | Median | Low | |||||||||||||
Enterprise Value as a Multiple of LTM EBITDA |
17.9x | 12.2x | 10.7x | 9.4x |
Cassel Salpeter calculated the following multiples with respect to the VAR selected transactions:
High | Mean | Median | Low | |||||||||||||
Enterprise Value as a Multiple of LTM EBITDA |
12.0x | 9.3x | 9.5x | 6.3x |
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Taking into account the results of the selected transactions analysis, Cassel Salpeter applied multiples of 10.0x to 11.0x to ConvergeOnes projected pro forma 2017 EBITDA, which indicated an implied equity value reference range of $797,800,000 to $929,800,000, for ConvergeOne, as compared to the implied value of the consideration of $677,000,000 to $876,000,000.
None of the ConvergeOne companies or transactions in the selected transactions have characteristics identical to ConvergeOne or the proposed Transactions. Accordingly, an analysis of selected business combinations is not mathematical; rather it involves complex considerations and judgments concerning differences in financial and operating characteristics of the ConvergeOne companies in the selected transactions and other factors that could affect the respective acquisition values of the transactions reviewed.
Implied Value Reference Range of ConvergeOne Compared to Trust Fund Balance
Cassel Salpeter compared of the implied enterprise value reference range indicated by its financial analyses for ConvergeOne with the balance of the funds remaining in Forums trust account. Taking into account the results of the discounted cash flow, selected companies and selected transactions analyses described above, Cassel Salpeter calculated an implied Enterprise Value reference range of $1,197,300,000 to $1,526,700,000 for ConvergeOne, as compared to the balance of the funds remaining in Forums trust account, which Forum advised Cassel Salpeter and Cassel Salpeter, for purposes of its analysis and opinion, assumed did not and would not exceed $174,964,734.
Other Matters Relating to Cassel Salpeters Opinion
As part of its investment banking business, Cassel Salpeter regularly is engaged in the evaluation of businesses and their securities in connection with mergers, acquisitions, corporate restructurings, private placements and other purposes. Cassel Salpeter is a recognized investment banking firm that has substantial experience in providing financial advice in connection with mergers, acquisitions, sales of companies, businesses and other assets and other transactions. Cassel Salpeter received a fee of $125,000 for rendering its opinion, no portion of which was contingent upon the completion of the Mergers. In addition, Forum agreed to reimburse Cassel Salpeter for certain expenses incurred by it in connection with its engagement and to indemnify Cassel Salpeter and its related parties for certain liabilities that may arise out of its engagement or the rendering of its opinion. In accordance with Cassel Salpeters policies and procedures, a fairness committee of Cassel Salpeter was not required to, and did not, approve the issuance of Cassel Salpeters opinion.
Limited Projections Furnished by ConvergeOne to Forum
In connection with the Business Combination, ConvergeOne prepared and Forum considered, among other things, financial projections for ConvergeOne for the years ending December 31, 2018 through 2020. These financial projections include assumptions regarding, among other things, future revenue, earnings before tax, and capital expenditures. These financial projections speak only as of the date prepared and have not been, and will not be, updated. These financial projections were not provided with a view to public disclosure, are subject to significant economic, competitive, industry and other uncertainties and may not be achieved in full, at all or within projected timeframes. In addition, the failure to achieve projected results could result in a decrease to the Combined Entitys share price and could harm the Combined Entitys financial position following the Business Combination.
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C1 Investment Corp.
Projected Cash Flow Analysis
Year Ending December 31, | ||||||||||||
2018E | 2019E | 2020E | ||||||||||
($ in millions) |
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Adjusted EBITDA (1) |
$ | 144.0 | $ | 155.0 | $ | 165.0 | ||||||
Less: interest expense (2) |
33.0 | 29.2 | 24.9 | |||||||||
Less: other cash adjustments |
6.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |||||||||
Less: tax deductible portion of depreciation and amortization |
31.2 | 32.0 | 32.0 | |||||||||
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Earnings before tax |
73.8 | 93.8 | 108.1 | |||||||||
Less: cash taxes |
(30.3 | ) | (38.4 | ) | (44.3 | ) | ||||||
Add: tax deductible portion of depreciation and amortization |
31.2 | 32.0 | 32.0 | |||||||||
Less: capital expenditures |
(10.5 | ) | (12.9 | ) | (13.8 | ) | ||||||
Less: change in net working capital |
(1.2 | ) | (2.5 | ) | (2.3 | ) | ||||||
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Projected cash flows |
$ | 63.0 | $ | 71.9 | $ | 79.7 | ||||||
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(1) | Adjusted EBITDA projections are based on Earnout EBITDA targets. See the definition of Earnout EBITDA for additional information. |
(2) | Assumes that available cash is used to pay down outstanding debt obligations. |
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Redemption
The following discussion is a summary of material U.S. federal income tax considerations for holders of our Common Stock that elect to have their Common Stock redeemed pursuant to the Redemption. This summary is based upon the Code the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, current administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect and all of which are subject to differing interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain a position contrary to any of the tax considerations described below. This summary does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, such as investors subject to special tax rules (e.g., financial institutions, insurance companies, mutual funds, pension plans, S corporations, broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect mark-to-market treatment, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, trusts and estates, partnerships and their partners and tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations) and investors that will hold our Common Stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, synthetic security, constructive ownership transaction, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes, investors subject to the alternative minimum tax provisions of the Code, U.S. Holders (as defined below) that have a functional currency other than the United States dollar, U.S. expatriates, investors that actually or constructively own 5 percent or more of our Common Stock, and Non-U.S. Holders (as defined below, and except as otherwise discussed below), all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ materially from those summarized below. In addition, this summary addresses only the federal income tax laws of the United States and does not discuss any state, local, or non-United States tax considerations, any non-income tax (such as gift or estate tax) considerations, alternative minimum tax or the Medicare tax on net investment income. In addition, this summary is limited to investors that hold our Common Stock as capital assets (generally, property held for investment) under the Code.
If a partnership (including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds our Common Stock, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our Common Stock, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of a redemption.
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WE URGE HOLDERS OF OUR COMMON STOCK CONTEMPLATING EXERCISE OF THEIR REDEMPTION RIGHTS TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES THEREOF.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders
This section is addressed to U.S. Holders of our Common Stock that elect to have their Common Stock redeemed pursuant to the Redemption. For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner of our Common Stock who or that is:
| an individual who is a United States citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation (including an entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia; |
| an estate the income of which is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of its source; or |
| a trust (A) the administration of which is subject to the primary supervision of a United States court and which has one or more United States persons (within the meaning of the Code) who have the authority to control all substantial decisions of the trust or (B) that has in effect a valid election under applicable Treasury regulations to be treated as a United States person. |
Redemption of Common Stock
In the event that a U.S. Holders Common Stock is redeemed pursuant to the Redemption, the treatment of the transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes will depend on whether the Redemption qualifies as a sale of the Common Stock under Section 302 of the Code. Whether the Redemption qualifies for sale treatment will depend largely on the total number of shares of our stock treated as held by the U.S. Holder (including any stock constructively owned by the U.S. Holder as a result of owning warrants) relative to all of our shares both before and after the Redemption. The Redemption generally will be treated as a sale of the Common Stock (rather than as a distribution) if the Redemption (i) is substantially disproportionate with respect to the U.S. Holder, (ii) results in a complete termination of the U.S. Holders interest in us or (iii) is not essentially equivalent to a dividend with respect to the U.S. Holder. These tests are explained more fully below.
In determining whether any of the foregoing tests are satisfied, a U.S. Holder takes into account not only stock actually owned by the U.S. Holder, but also shares of our stock that are constructively owned by it. A U.S. Holder may constructively own, in addition to stock owned directly, stock owned by certain related individuals and entities in which the U.S. Holder has an interest or that have an interest in such U.S. Holder, as well as any stock the U.S. Holder has a right to acquire by exercise of an option, which would generally include Common Stock which could be acquired pursuant to the exercise of the warrants. In order to meet the substantially disproportionate test, the percentage of our outstanding voting stock actually and constructively owned by the U.S. Holder immediately following the Redemption must, among other requirements, be less than 80% of our outstanding voting stock actually and constructively owned by the U.S. Holder immediately before the Redemption. There will be a complete termination of a U.S. Holders interest if either (i) all of the shares of our stock actually and constructively owned by the U.S. Holder are redeemed or (ii) all of the shares of our stock actually owned by the U.S. Holder are redeemed and the U.S. Holder is eligible to waive, and effectively waives in accordance with specific rules, the attribution of stock owned by certain family members and the U.S. Holder does not constructively own any other stock. The Redemption will not be essentially equivalent to a dividend if a U.S. Holders conversion results in a meaningful reduction of the U.S. Holders proportionate interest in us. Whether the Redemption will result in a meaningful reduction in a U.S. Holders proportionate interest in us will depend on the particular facts and circumstances. However, the IRS has indicated in a published ruling that even a small reduction in the proportionate interest of a small minority stockholder in a publicly held corporation who exercises no control over corporate affairs may constitute such a meaningful reduction.
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If none of the foregoing tests are satisfied, then the Redemption will be treated as a distribution and the tax effects will be as described below under U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. HoldersTaxation of Distributions . U.S. Holders of our Common Stock considering exercising their redemption rights should consult their own tax advisors as to whether the Redemption will be treated as a sale or as a distribution under the Code.
Gain or Loss on Sale, Taxable Exchange, or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock
If the Redemption qualifies as a sale of Common Stock, a U.S. Holder must treat any gain or loss recognized upon a sale, taxable exchange or other taxable disposition of our Common Stock as capital gain or loss. Any such capital gain or loss will be long-term capital gain or loss if the U.S. Holders holding period for the Common Stock so disposed of exceeds one year. Generally, a U.S. Holder will recognize gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between (i) the sum of cash and the fair market value of any property received in such disposition and (ii) the U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in its Common Stock so disposed of. A U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in its Common Stock generally will equal the U.S. Holders acquisition cost less any prior distributions treated as a return of capital. Long-term capital gain realized by a non-corporate U.S. Holder generally will be taxable at a reduced rate. The deduction of capital losses is subject to limitations.
Taxation of Distributions
If the Redemption does not qualify as a sale of Common Stock, the U.S. Holder will be treated as receiving a distribution. In general, any distributions to U.S. Holders generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits will constitute a return of capital that will be applied against and reduce (but not below zero) the U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in our Common Stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as gain realized on the sale or other disposition of the Common Stock and will be treated as described under U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to Forum U.S. HoldersGain or Loss on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock .
Dividends we pay to a U.S. Holder that is a taxable corporation generally will qualify for the dividends received deduction if the requisite holding period is satisfied. With certain exceptions, and provided certain holding period requirements are met, dividends we pay to a non-corporate U.S. Holder may constitute qualified dividends that will be taxable at a reduced rate.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to Non-U.S. Holders
This section is addressed to Non-U.S. Holders of our Common Stock that elect to have their Common Stock redeemed pursuant to the Redemption. For purposes of this discussion, a Non-U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner (other than a partnership) that is not a U.S. Holder. The characterization for federal income tax purposes of the Redemption generally will correspond to the United States federal income tax characterization of the Redemption as described under U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to U.S. Holders .
Non-U.S. Holders of our Common Stock considering exercising their redemption rights should consult their own tax advisors as to whether the Redemption will be treated as a sale or as a distribution under the Code.
Gain on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock
If the redemption qualifies as a sale of Common Stock, a Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax in respect of gain recognized on a sale of its Common Stock, unless:
| the gain is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business by the Non-U.S. Holder within the United States (and, under certain income tax treaties, is attributable to a United States permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by the Non-U.S. Holder), in which case the Non-U.S. Holder will generally be subject to the same treatment as a U.S. Holder with respect to the Redemption, and a corporate Non-U.S. Holder may be subject to the branch profits tax at a 30% rate (or lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty); |
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| the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year in which the Redemption takes place and certain other conditions are met, in which case the Non-U.S. Holder will be subject to a 30% tax on the individuals net capital gain for the year; or |
| we are or have been a U.S. real property holding corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of disposition or the period that the Non-U.S. Holder held our Common Stock, and, in the case where shares of our Common Stock are regularly traded on an established securities market, the Non-U.S. Holder has owned, directly or constructively, more than 5% of our Common Stock at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding the disposition or such Non-U.S. Holders holding period for the shares of our Common Stock. |
Taxation of Distributions
If the Redemption does not qualify as a sale of Common Stock, the Non-U.S. Holder will be treated as receiving a distribution. In general, any distributions we make to a Non-U.S. Holder of our Common Stock, to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes and, provided such dividends are not effectively connected with the Non-U.S. Holders conduct of a trade or business within the United States, we will be required to withhold tax from the gross amount of the dividend at a rate of 30%, unless such Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an applicable income tax treaty and provides proper certification of its eligibility for such reduced rate.
Any distribution not constituting a dividend will be treated first as reducing (but not below zero) the Non-U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis in its shares of our Common Stock and, to the extent such distribution exceeds the Non-U.S. Holders adjusted tax basis, as gain realized from the sale or other disposition of the Common Stock, which will be treated as described under U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations to Non-U.S. HoldersGain on Sale, Taxable Exchange or Other Taxable Disposition of Common Stock . If it cannot be determined at the time a distribution is made whether or not such distribution will be in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, the distribution will be subject to withholding at the same 30% rate discussed in the last paragraph unless a Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax under an applicable income tax treaty and provides proper certification of its eligibility for such reduced rate (usually on an IRS Form W-8BEN or W-8BEN-E). Because we generally cannot determine at the time we make a distribution whether or not the distribution will exceed our current and accumulated earnings and profits, we normally will withhold tax on the entire amount of any distribution at the 30% rate (subject to reduction by an applicable income tax treaty). However, some or all of any amounts thus withheld may be refundable to the Non-U.S. Holder if it is subsequently determined that such distribution was, in fact, in excess of our current and accumulated earnings and profits.
Dividends we pay to a Non-U.S. Holder that are effectively connected with such Non-U.S. Holders conduct of a trade or business within the United States generally will not be subject to United States withholding tax, provided such Non-U.S. Holder complies with certain certification and disclosure requirements. Instead, such dividends generally will be subject to U.S. federal income tax, net of certain deductions, at the same graduated individual or corporate rates applicable to U.S. Holders (subject to an exemption or reduction in such tax as may be provided by an applicable income tax treaty). If the Non-U.S. Holder is a corporation, dividends that are effectively connected income may also be subject to a branch profits tax at a rate of 30% (or such lower rate as may be specified by an applicable income tax treaty).
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
Information returns will be filed with the IRS in connection with payments resulting from our Redemption. U.S. Holders will have to provide their taxpayer identification number and comply with certain certification requirements to avoid backup withholding. A Non-U.S. holder may have to comply with certification procedures to establish that it is not a United States person in order to avoid information reporting and backup withholding
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requirements. The amount of any backup withholding from a payment to a Non-U.S. holder will be allowed as a credit against such holders U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided that the required information is timely furnished to the IRS.
FATCA
A 30% withholding tax applies with respect to certain payments on our Common Stock in each case if paid to a foreign financial institution or a non-financial foreign entity (including, in some cases, when such foreign financial institution or entity is acting as an intermediary), unless (i) in the case of a foreign financial institution, such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to withhold on certain payments, and to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which includes certain equity and debt holders of such institution, as well as certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners), (ii) in the case of a non-financial foreign entity, such entity certifies that it does not have any substantial U.S. owners or provides the withholding agent with a certification identifying the direct and indirect substantial U.S. owners of the entity or (iii) the foreign financial institution or non-financial foreign entity otherwise qualifies for an exemption from these rules. The withholding tax may apply to payments made to Non-U.S. Holders pursuant to the Redemption if the Redemption does not qualify as a sale of Common Stock described above. Under certain circumstances, a Non-U.S. Holder might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. An intergovernmental agreement between the United States and an applicable foreign country may modify these requirements. Non-U.S. Holders are encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding the possible implications of such withholding tax.
Material U.S. Federal Income Tax Considerations of the Business Combination to U.S. Holders of C1 Stock
The following is a discussion of material U.S. federal income tax considerations of the Business Combination for U.S. C1 Securityholders (as defined below) who exchange their C1 Stock for Forum Common Stock and cash in the Business Combination, but does not purport to be a complete analysis of all potential tax effects. This summary is based upon the Code, the regulations promulgated by the U.S. Treasury Department, current administrative interpretations and practices of the IRS, and judicial decisions, all as currently in effect and all of which are subject to differing interpretations or to change, possibly with retroactive effect. No assurance can be given that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain a position contrary to any of the tax considerations described below.
This summary does not discuss all aspects of U.S. federal income taxation that may be important to particular investors in light of their individual circumstances, such as investors subject to special tax rules (e.g., financial institutions, insurance companies, pension plans, S corporations, broker-dealers, traders in securities that elect mark-to-market treatment, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, trusts and estates, partnerships and their partners and tax-exempt organizations (including private foundations and qualified retirement accounts) and investors that hold C1 Stock as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion, synthetic security, constructive ownership transaction, constructive sale, or other integrated transaction for U.S. federal income tax purposes), U.S. C1 Securityholders (as defined below) that have a functional currency other than the United States dollar, U.S. expatriates, and persons who hold or receive C1 Stock pursuant to the exercise of compensatory stock options, the vesting of previously restricted shares of stock or otherwise as compensation, all of whom may be subject to tax rules that differ materially from those summarized below. In addition, this summary addresses only the federal income tax laws of the United States and does not discuss any state, local, or non-United States tax considerations, any non-income tax (such as gift or estate tax) considerations, alternative minimum tax or the Medicare tax on net investment income, or the qualified small business stock provisions of Sections 1202 or 1045 of the Code. In addition, this summary is limited to U.S. C1 Securityholders (as defined below) that hold C1 Stock as capital assets (generally, property held for investment) under the Code.
If a partnership (including an entity or arrangement treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) holds C1 Stock, the tax treatment of a partner in such partnership will generally depend upon the status of the partner, the activities of the partnership and certain determinations made at the partner level. If you are a
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partner of a partnership holding C1 Stock, you are urged to consult your tax advisor regarding the tax consequences of the Business Combination.
WE URGE HOLDERS OF C1 STOCK TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND FOREIGN INCOME AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF THE BUSINESS COMBINATION.
For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. C1 Securityholder is a beneficial owner of C1 Stock that, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, is or is treated as:
| an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States; |
| a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof, or the District of Columbia; |
| an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or |
| a trust if either a court within the United States is able to exercise primary supervision over the administration of such trust and one or more United States persons (within the meaning of Section 7701(a)(30) of the Code) have the authority to control all substantial decisions of such trust, or the trust has a valid election in effect under applicable Treasury Regulations to be treated as a United States person for U.S. federal income tax purposes. |
Tax Consequences if the Business Combination Qualifies as a Reorganization
Subject to the qualifications and assumptions described in this proxy statement/prospectus, Forum and C1 intend that the Business Combination will be treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code. Nevertheless, the parties intentions and this proxy statement/prospectus are not binding on the IRS, and the IRS or a U.S. court could disagree with one or more of the positions discussed in this proxy statement/prospectus. Indeed, the IRS has announced that it will not issue favorable reorganization rulings with respect to contingent stock arrangements (such as the Earnout Stock Payment) unless such arrangements comply with certain requirements. The remainder of this discussion Tax Consequences if the Business Combination Qualifies as a Reorganization summarizes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the Business Combination to U.S. C1 Securityholders assuming that the Business Combination qualifies as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
Exchange for Forum Common Stock and Cash
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, upon exchanging all C1 Stock for a combination of Forum Common Stock and cash, a U.S. C1 Securityholder will generally recognize gain (but not loss) in an amount equal to the lesser of: (a) the amount of cash treated as received in exchange for C1 Stock in the Business Combination (excluding any cash received in lieu of fractional shares of Forum Common Stock and any portion of the Earnout Cash Payment recharacterized as interest income) and (b) the excess, if any, of (i) the sum of the amount of cash treated as received in exchange for C1 Stock in the Business Combination (excluding any cash received in lieu of fractional shares of Forum Common Stock and any portion of the Earnout Consideration recharacterized as interest income) plus the fair market value of Forum Common Stock (including the fair market value of any fractional share of Forum Common Stock, but excluding any portion of the Earnout Stock Payment recharacterized as interest income) received in the Business Combination, over (ii) such holders basis in the C1 Stock exchanged (excluding the basis in C1 Stock deemed exchanged for fractional shares of Forum Common Stock). If you acquired different blocks of C1 Stock at different times or at different prices, you should consult your individual tax advisor regarding the manner in which your gain should be determined. Because losses are not permitted to be recognized in a reorganization, a stockholder cannot offset a loss realized on one block of shares of C1 Stock against a gain recognized on another block of shares of C1 Stock. For a summary of the tax treatment of cash received in lieu of a fractional share of Forum Common Stock, see Cash Instead of Fractional Shares.
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Any recognized gain will generally be long-term capital gain if, as of the Effective Time, your holding period with respect to your C1 Stock exceeds one year. The aggregate tax basis of the Forum Common Stock you receive as a result of the Business Combination (including the Earnout Stock Payment) will be the same as the aggregate tax basis in C1 Stock you surrender in the Business Combination, decreased by the amount of cash you receive that is treated as received in exchange for C1 Stock (excluding any cash received in lieu of a fractional share of Forum Common Stock) and increased by the amount of gain, if any, you recognize in the exchange. The method of allocating your aggregate tax basis among the Stock Consideration and the contingent Earnout Stock Payment is uncertain; you should consult your own tax advisor regarding such allocation.
Installment Sale Method
The treatment of the Earnout Consideration for U.S. federal income tax purposes is not entirely clear. It is intended that any gain attributable to such payments may be reported on the installment method under Section 453 of the Code in the taxable year in which such payment is received unless a U.S. C1 Securityholder is otherwise ineligible for the installment method or elects out of installment sale reporting. Because there are no final Treasury Regulations describing the application of the installment method in the context of tax-free reorganizations with boot (i.e., cash consideration), this discussion relies on proposed Treasury Regulations, which we believe to be a reasonable application of the installment sale rules. Generally, a U.S. C1 Securityholder that reports a payment under the installment method will recognize gain, if any, realized in the Business Combination (in accordance with the rules described above) as cash payments are received. For purposes of reporting such gain under the installment method, a U.S. C1 Securityholders basis in C1 Stock surrendered in the Business Combination is first allocated to the Forum Common Stock received (to the extent of the fair market value of such Forum Common Stock), and only the remaining amount (if any) of basis in C1 Stock surrendered in the Business Combination may be used to determine gain reported under the installment method.
If a U.S. C1 Securityholder does not validly elect out of the installment method of reporting and is not otherwise ineligible for installment method of reporting, and, at the close of the U.S. C1 Securityholders taxable year that includes the Closing Date, holds installment obligations (including the right to receive Earnout Consideration) arising from sales (for prices exceeding $150,000) in such taxable year the face amounts of which exceed $5,000,000 in the aggregate, such U.S. C1 Securityholder may be required to pay interest on the U.S. federal income tax that is deferred as a result of using the installment method.
U.S. C1 Securityholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the application of the installment sale provisions of the Code, including the amount and timing of gain to be recognized, if any, the application of the rules to transactions involving contingent payments, the eligibility requirements, the possible application of rules requiring acceleration of recognition of gain upon certain events, the payment of an interest charge on deferred tax liabilities arising in connection with certain installment sales, the advisability and manner of electing out of the installment sale method, and the applicability of any state or local rules.
Cash Instead of Fractional Shares
If a U.S. C1 Securityholder receives cash in the Business Combination instead of a fractional share of Forum Common Stock, such holder will be treated as having received such fractional share in the Business Combination, and then as having received cash in exchange for such fractional share. Gain or loss would be recognized in an amount equal to the difference between the amount of cash received and such U.S. C1 Securityholders adjusted tax basis allocable to such fractional share. This gain or loss will generally be a capital gain or loss, and will be long-term capital gain or loss if, as of the effective date of the First Merger, such U.S. C1 Securityholder held its C1 Stock for more than one year .
Imputed Interest
In general, a portion of the Earnout Consideration, if any, that is received more than six months after the closing will be recharacterized, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as imputed interest, and each U.S. C1 Securityholder will be required to include such portion in income as ordinary income. To the extent a payment
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constitutes imputed interest, the amount of the Total Consideration for purposes of calculating the U.S. C1 Securityholders overall gain will be reduced.
A U.S. C1 Securityholders basis resulting from any imputed interest on the Earnout Stock Payment will generally be allocated only to the Earnout Stock Payment received by the U.S. C1 Securityholder. The U.S. C1 Securityholder will also generally have a split holding period in its Earnout Stock Payment received. The U.S. C1 Securityholders holding period for a portion of each share of Earnout Stock Payment will include the U.S. C1 Securityholders holding period in C1 Stock surrendered in the Business Combination and the remaining portion of the share will have a holding period that begins on the date that the Earnout Stock Consideration is received. Stockholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their basis and holding period in the Earnout Stock Payments.
Tax Consequences if the Business Combination Fails to Qualify as a Reorganization
If the Business Combination fails to qualify as a reorganization under Section 368(a) of the Code, the First Merger will be a fully taxable transaction to each U.S. C1 Securityholder. In such case, each U.S. C1 Securityholder will recognize gain or loss measured by the difference between the fair market value of the total consideration received in the Business Combination and the U.S. C1 Securityholders tax basis in the shares of Company Stock surrendered in the Business Combination. U.S. C1 Securityholders are urged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the manner in which gain or loss should be calculated among different blocks of C1 Stock surrendered in the Business Combination (including the applicability of the installment sale method of reporting gain, the consequences of using the installment method, or whether to elect out of the installment method, as described above). The aggregate tax basis in the Forum Common Stock received pursuant to the Business Combination will be equal to the fair market value of such Forum Common Stock as of date received. The holding period of such Forum Common Stock will begin on the date immediately following the date received. For these purposes, a U.S. C1 Securityholders share of the total consideration received in the Business Combination will include his or her pro rata portion of the Earnout Consideration. The Earnout Consideration should generally be eligible for installment sale reporting and a portion of any such deferred payments would be subject to the imputed interest rules similar to those described above. Gain or loss recognized will generally be capital gain or loss and will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the stockholder will have held the Company Stock for more than one year at the Effective Time. Long-term capital gains of non-corporate taxpayers are currently taxed at preferential U.S. federal income tax rates. Short-term capital gains are taxed at ordinary income tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is generally subject to limitation. Gain or loss must be calculated separately for each block of C1 Stock (i.e., shares of C1 Stock acquired at the same time in a single transaction).
Information Reporting and Backup Withholding
A U.S. C1 Securityholder may be subject to information reporting and backup withholding on cash received in the Business Combination, unless the U.S. C1 Securityholder is an exempt recipient. Backup withholding may apply to such payments if the U.S. C1 Securityholder fails to furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, a certification of exempt status or has been notified by the IRS that it is subject to backup withholding (and such notification has not been withdrawn). Each U.S. C1 Securityholder should properly complete and sign, and deliver, an IRS Form W-9 in order to provide the information and certification necessary to avoid backup withholding, or otherwise establish an applicable exemption in a manner acceptable to the paying agent. U.S. C1 Securityholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedures for obtaining such an exemption.
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld will be allowed as a credit against the holders U.S. federal income tax liability and may entitle such holder to a refund, provided the required information is timely furnished to the IRS. U.S. C1 Securityholders should consult their tax advisors regarding their qualification for an exemption from backup withholding and the procedures for obtaining such an exemption.
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Vote Required for Approval
This Business Combination Proposal (and consequently, the Merger Agreement and the transactions contemplated thereby, including the Business Combination) will be approved and adopted only if the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock vote FOR the Business Combination Proposal, and each of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment proposals (the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal are approved at the Special Meeting. Failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention from voting will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Business Combination Proposal.
The Business Combination Proposal will be presented at the Special Meeting only if the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal is approved by the stockholders.
As of the Record Date, Forums Sponsor, directors and officers have agreed to vote any shares of Common Stock owned by them in favor of the Business Combination. As a result, we would need only 6,071,251, or approximately 35.2%, of the 17,250,000 Public Shares, to be voted in favor of the Business Combination in order to have the Business Combination approved (assuming that the 172,500 Representative Shares held by EBC are voted in favor of the Business Combination). As of the date hereof, the Sponsor, directors and officers have not purchased any Public Shares.
Recommendation of the Board of Directors
FORUMS BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT ITS STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE BUSINESS COMBINATION PROPOSAL.
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THE ESCROW AMENDMENT PROPOSAL
Background and Overview
The Sponsor purchased 4,312,500 Founders Shares in a private placement prior to the IPO of Forum. The Founders Shares will automatically convert into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustments pursuant to certain anti-dilution rights, upon consummation of the Merger. As a condition to the IPO, the Sponsor, Forum and Continental entered into the Escrow Agreement on April 6, 2017 pursuant to which the Founders Shares were placed into an escrow account and would be released from escrow only if specified conditions were met. In particular, subject to certain limited exceptions, all Founders Shares would be held in escrow for one year following the consummation of an initial business combination. However, 50% of the Founders Shares could be released from escrow immediately if the Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period after the date of the consummation of an initial business combination.
In order to induce C1 to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Sponsor agreed to cancel 25% of the Founders Shares in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination (the Forfeited Sponsor Shares ). In addition, to further induce C1 to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Sponsor agreed that 50% of the Founders Shares will be subject to forfeiture in the event the Earnout Payments pursuant to Article II of the Merger Agreement are not achieved (the Sponsor Earnout Shares ). As a result, an aggregate of 75% of the Founders Shares are either at risk of forfeiture or will be forfeited by the Sponsor in connection with the Business Combination.
Furthermore, in order to induce prospective investors to participate in the PIPE Investment and to induce C1 to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Sponsor agreed to waive any rights it has to adjust the ratio by which the Class F Common Stock converts into Class A Common Stock as a result of the PIPE Investment. In the case that additional shares of Class A Common Stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in Forums IPO in connection with the consummation of an initial business combination, the ratio at which shares of Class F Common Stock convert into shares of Class A Common Stock would be adjusted so that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class F Common Stock would equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of Forums IPO plus all shares of Class A Common Stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with an initial business combination, excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in an initial business combination or pursuant to Units (and their underlying securities) issued to the Sponsor upon conversion of Working Capital Loans, after taking into account any shares of Class A Common Stock redeemed in connection with an initial business combination.
To induce the Sponsor to agree to restructure its ownership of the Founders Shares in connection with the Business Combination and waive its anti-dilution rights with respect to the Founders Shares, Forum, C1, the Sponsor and Clearlake entered into the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement in connection with the Merger Agreement (the Escrow Amendment ). Pursuant to the Escrow Amendment, the parties agreed that the escrow period with respect to the Founders Shares other than the Forfeited Sponsor Shares and the Sponsor Earnout Shares (the Released Sponsor Shares ) would end immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination. Moreover, the Sponsor Earnout Shares will be subject to a lock-up period of 180-days following the consummation of the Business Combination; provided, however, the lock-up period with respect to 25% of the Sponsor Earnout Shares may terminate earlier if the volume-weighted average price of the Forum Common Stock following the Business Combination is at least $12.50 per share (subject to equitable adjustment by Forum in good faith for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and similar transactions) for fifteen consecutive trading days, in which case the lock-up period would terminate at the end of such fifteen day period.
Continental has agreed to enter into the Escrow Amendment.
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Why Forum Needs Stockholder Approval
As the Escrow Agreement was a condition to the IPO, we are seeking stockholder approval to enter into and consummate the Escrow Amendment to facilitate the consummation of the Business Combination. In particular, the approval of the Earnout Amendment will enable the Founders Shares to be released from escrow to (i) cancel the Forfeited Sponsor Shares, (ii) subject the Sponsor Earnout Shares to forfeiture in the event the earnout provisions of the Merger Agreement are not met by C1 and to a 180-day lock-up period and (iii) release the Released Sponsor Shares immediately upon the consummation of the Business Combination.
Effect of Proposal
The Escrow Amendment will have impact on the Sponsors ownership of the securities of the Combined Entity following the Business Combination in a number of ways, including (i) reduction of its ownership of the Founders Shares by 1,078,125 shares immediately upon consummation of the Business Combination (ii) forfeiture of its anti-dilution protection with respect to the Founders Shares in connection with the PIPE Investment, (iii) subjecting the Sponsor Earnout Shares to risk of forfeiture and (iv) the Sponsor Earnout Shares being subject to a lock-up period of 180 days after the Closing of the Business Combination except that the lock-up period with respect to 25% of the Sponsor Earnout Shares may terminate earlier upon satisfaction of specified conditions as described above. The Sponsor will have only 1,078,125 Founders Shares released from escrow upon the Closing of the Business Combination which offers the Sponsor the option to sell such shares on the market or in private transactions earlier than the date when they would have been able to sell pursuant to the Escrow Agreement.
Vote Required for Approval
The approval of the Escrow Amendment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting, assuming that a quorum is present. Abstentions will have no effect on this Proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect with respect to the approval of this proposal.
This proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment, Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal.
Recommendation of the Board
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE ESCROW AMENDMENT PROPOSAL.
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THE NASDAQ PROPOSAL
Background and Overview
On November 30, 2017, in connection with the Business Combination, Forum entered into Subscription Agreements whereby the investors named therein committed to purchase 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock in a private placement for aggregate gross proceeds of $143,675,000.
The closing of the PIPE Investment is subject to certain conditions, including there being no Material Adverse Change (as such term is defined in the Merger Agreement) with respect to Forum or C1, and all conditions to the Business Combination, including the approval of Forums stockholders, having been satisfied or waived. Upon notice from Forum to the investors who executed the Subscription Agreements that Forum reasonably expects all closing conditions of the Business Combination to be satisfied or waived, the investors will have no less than five business days to fund their committed investment. The closing of the PIPE shall occur on the date of, and immediately prior to, the consummation of the Business Combination.
Why Forum Needs Stockholder Approval
We are seeking shareholder approval of the issuance of Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment in order to comply with Nasdaq Listing Rules 5635(d).
Under Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(d), shareholder approval is required for a transaction other than a public offering involving the sale, issuance or potential issuance by an issuer of common stock (or securities convertible into or exercisable for common stock) at a price that is less than the greater of the book or market value of the stock if the number of common stock to be issued is or may be equal to 20% or more of the common stock, or 20% or more of the voting power, outstanding before the issuance.
Currently, 22,357,500 shares of Common Stock are outstanding. Pursuant to the Subscription Agreements, Forum will issue 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock, representing 80.33% of our outstanding shares of Common Stock prior to such issuance, at a price less than the greater of the book value or market of the shares. Forum Common Stock had a book value of $0.22 and market value of $9.70 on October 31, 2017. Accordingly, we are required to obtain stockholder approval of the issuance of Class A Common Stock in the PIPE Investment pursuant to Rule 5635(d) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules.
Effect of Proposal on Current Shareholders
The issuance of such 17,959,375 shares would result in further dilution to our current shareholders in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination, and would afford our shareholders a smaller percentage interest in the voting power, liquidation value and aggregate book value of the Combined Entity. In addition, the resale of the Class A Common Stock issued in the PIPE Investment upon their registration for resale could cause the market price of Forums Common Stock to decline. However, the consummation of the PIPE Investment is a condition to the consummation of the Business Combination. Accordingly, if the Nasdaq Proposal is not approved and Forum cannot consummate the PIPE Investment, the Business Combination will not close.
Vote Required for Approval
The approval of the Nasdaq Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting, assuming that a quorum is present. Abstentions will have no effect on this Proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect with respect to the approval of this proposal.
This proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESPP Proposal.
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Recommendation of the Board
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE NASDAQ PROPOSAL.
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THE POST-MERGER CHARTER AMENDMENT PROPOSAL
The following table sets forth a summary of the principal changes proposed to be made between the current Charter and the proposed Amended Charter. This summary is qualified by reference to the complete text of the proposed Amended Charter, a copy of which is attached to this proxy statement/prospectus as Annex C . All stockholders are encouraged to read the proposed Amended Charter in its entirety for a more complete description of its terms.
Charter |
Proposed Amended Charter |
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Classified Board |
Forums current charter divides the board of directors of Forum into two classes with staggered two-year terms. | The proposed Amended Charter divides the board of directors of the Combined Entity into three classes with staggered three-year, terms. | ||
Charter Amendment |
Forums current charter is silent on the issue of minimum voting requirement for amending the charter. | The proposed Amended Charter will provide that any amendment to provisions of the amended and restated Charter will require approval of the holders of a majority of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, and otherwise any such amendment will require the approval of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. | ||
Section 203 |
Forums current charter does not currently affirmatively opt out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. | The proposed Amended Charter will provide that the Combined Entity opts out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a business combination with certain interested stockholders and their affiliates. For more information on Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, see the section entitled Description of Securities of Forum Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law and our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws . | ||
Interested Party Transactions |
Forums current charter is silent on the treatment of transaction with interested stockholders. | The proposed Amended Charter will provide that we may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder (which excludes Clearlake and any of their direct or indirect |
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Charter |
Proposed Amended Charter |
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transferees and any group as to which such persons) for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless (1) prior to the date of the transaction, the Combined Entitys board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; (2) the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the Combined Entitys voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (x) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (y) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or (3) on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by the Combined Entitys board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. | ||||
Securities Act Disputes Forum |
Forums current charter is silent as to forum for disputes arising under the Securities Act. | The proposed Amended Charter will provide that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act. | ||
Director Removal |
Forums current charter does not have a provision providing for the removal of a director by a majority stockholder or for removal of a director for cause. |
The proposed Amended Charter will provide that, subject to the rights of any limitations imposed by applicable law, directors may be removed with or without cause by the holders of at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as Clearlake, which, together with its affiliates and related persons, holds at least a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, |
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Charter |
Proposed Amended Charter |
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or otherwise with cause by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. | ||||
Stockholder Actions |
Forums current charter does not specifically address the issue of stockholder actions pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. | The proposed Amended Charter will provide that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. | ||
Name Change |
Forums current name is Forum Merger Corporation. | Under the proposed Amended Charter, the Combined Entitys name will be ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. | ||
Reclassification of Class A Common Stock |
Forums current charter currently authorizes a class of stock called Class A Common Stock. | The proposed Amended Charter will reclassify all shares of Class A Common Stock as Common Stock. | ||
Common Stock |
Forums current charter authorizes 45,000,000 shares of common stock, including (i) 40,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of Class F Common Stock. | The proposed Amended Charter will authorize 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock. | ||
Preferred Stock |
Forums current charter authorizes 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, which authorized amount may be increased or decreased by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then outstanding shares of our capital stock. | The proposed Amended Charter will authorize the issuance of 10,000,000 shares of blank check preferred stock that the Combined Entitys board of directors could issue to increase the number of outstanding shares to discourage a takeover attempt. | ||
Provisions Specific to a Blank Check Company |
Under Forums current charter, Article SIXTH sets forth various provisions related to its operations as a blank check company prior to the consummation of an initial business combination. | The proposed Amended Charter does not include these blank check company provisions because, upon consummation of the Business Combination, Forum will cease to be a blank check company. In addition, the provisions requiring that the proceeds from its initial public offering be held in a trust account until a business combination or liquidation of Forum and the terms governing Forums consummation of a proposed business combination will not be applicable following consummation of the Business Combination. |
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Charter |
Proposed Amended Charter |
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Corporate Opportunity |
Forums current charter provides that the doctrine of corporate opportunity, or any other analogous doctrine, shall not apply with respect to Forum or any of its officers or directors in circumstances where the application of any such doctrine would conflict with any fiduciary duties or contractual obligations they may have. | The proposed charter does not include this corporate opportunity provision because such provision is not typical for a public company. |
Reasons for the Post-Merger Charter Amendments
Classified Board
Reasons for amending the certificate of incorporation to divide the board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms are (1) to account for the increase in the size of the authorized board of directors to ten members and (2) provide for continuity in the Combined Entitys board of directors. A classified board makes it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace the Combined Entitys board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of the Combined Entity by replacing its board of directors. Because the Combined Entitys board of directors has the power to retain and discharge the Combined Entitys officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management.
Charter Amendment
Requiring the approval by affirmative vote of holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of the Combined Entitys then outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, to make any amendment to the Combined Entitys certificate of incorporation is intended to protect key provisions of the Amended Charter from arbitrary amendment and to prevent a simple majority of stockholders from taking actions that may be harmful to other stockholders or making changes to provisions that are intended to protect all stockholders.
Section 203
Opting out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law allows the proposed Amended Charter to establish its own rules governing business combinations with interested parties. Section 203 prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a business combination with certain interested stockholders and their affiliates. For more information on Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, see the section entitled Description of Securities of Forum Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law and our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws .
Interested Party Transactions
Although the Combined Entity will opt out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Proposed Amended Charter will include a modified version of Section 203 that excludes from the definition of interested stockholder Clearlake and any of its direct and indirect transferees. The effect of including this provision for business combinations with any interested stockholder is intended to provide the Combined Entity with similar protections to Section 203. However, by excluding Clearlake and any of its direct and indirect transferees, this will allow future transfers of 15% or more of the Combined Entitys stock by Clearlake without the transferee becoming an interested stockholder or requiring advanced board approval.
Securities Act Disputes Forum
Adopting the federal district courts of the United States as the exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation under the Securities Act is intended to assist the Combined Entity in avoiding multiple lawsuits in multiple jurisdictions regarding the same matter. The ability to require such claims to be brought in a single
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forum will help to assure consistent consideration of the issues, the application of a relatively known body of case law and level of expertise and should promote efficiency and cost-savings in the resolutions of such claims.
Director Removal
Forums existing charter and the Combined Entitys proposed charter both provide for a classified board of directors, such that only a specified portion of the directors is to be elected each year. Under the Delaware General Corporation law, removal of a director only for cause is automatic with a classified board. Our board of directors believes that such a standard in addition to a supermajority vote requirement will, in conjunction with the classified nature of the Combined Entitys board of directors (i) increase board continuity and the likelihood that experienced board members with familiarity of the Combined Entitys business operations would serve on the board at any given time and (ii) make it more difficult for a potential acquiror or other person, group or entity to gain control of the Combined Entitys board of directors.
Stockholder Actions
The Combined Entitys proposed Amended Charter provides that any action to be taken by the Combined Entitys stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the Combined Entitys then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. Allowing for written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law maximizes flexibility, particularly in the event where Clearlakes share ownership would permit it to control any vote otherwise to be taken at a meeting itself.
Name Change
Changing the post-Business Combination corporate name from Forum Merger Corporation to ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. (with such change expected to be made immediately following the consummation of the Second Merger) and making the Combined Entitys corporate existence perpetual is desirable to reflect the business combination with C1 and to clearly identify the Combined Entity as the publicly traded entity. Additionally, perpetual existence is the usual period of existence for corporations, and our board of director believes it is the most appropriate period for the Combined Entity following the Business Combination.
Common Stock
The principal purpose of this proposal is to authorize additional shares of our Common Stock, which will be used to issue shares pursuant to the Merger Agreement, under the Equity Incentive Plan, under the ESPP and for general corporate purposes. Our board of directors believes that it is important for us to have available for issuance a number of authorized shares of Common Stock and preferred stock sufficient to support our growth and to provide flexibility for future corporate needs (including, if needed, as part of financing for future growth acquisitions).
Notwithstanding the foregoing, authorized but unissued common shares may enable the Combined Entitys board of directors to render it more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of the Combined Entity and thereby protect continuity of or entrench its management, which may adversely affect the market price of the Combined Entitys common shares. If, in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, for example, the Combined Entitys board of directors were to determine that a takeover proposal was not in the best interests of the Combined Entity, such shares could be issued by the board of directors without shareholder approval in one or more private placements or other transactions that might prevent or render more difficult or make more costly the completion of any attempted takeover transaction by diluting voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder group, by creating a substantial voting bloc in institutional or other hands that might support the position of the incumbent board of directors, by effecting an acquisition that might complicate or preclude the takeover, or otherwise. The authorization of additional shares will, however, enable the Combined Entity to have the flexibility to authorize the issuance of shares in the future for financing its business, for
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acquiring other businesses, for forming strategic partnerships and alliances and for stock dividends and stock splits. The Combined Entity currently has no such plans, proposals, or arrangements, written or otherwise, to issue any of the additional authorized shares for such purposes.
Preferred Stock
Our board of directors believes that these additional shares will provide the Combined Entity with needed flexibility to issue shares in the future in a timely manner and under circumstances we consider favorable without incurring the risk, delay and potential expense incident to obtaining stockholder approval for a particular issuance.
Authorized but unissued preferred stock may enable the board of directors to render it more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of the Combined Entity and thereby protect continuity of or entrench its management, which may adversely affect the market price of the Combined Entity. If, in the due exercise of its fiduciary obligations, for example, the board of directors was to determine that a takeover proposal was not in the best interests of the Combined Entity, such preferred stock could be issued by the board without stockholder approval in one or more private placements or other transactions that might prevent or render more difficult or make more costly the completion of any attempted takeover transaction by diluting voting or other rights of the proposed acquirer or insurgent stockholder group, by creating a substantial voting bloc in institutional or other hands that might support the position of the board of directors, by effecting an acquisition that might complicate or preclude the takeover, or otherwise. Allowing the Combined Entitys board of directors to issue the authorized preferred stock on its own volition will enable the Combined Entity to have the flexibility to issue such preferred stock in the future for financing its business, for acquiring other businesses, for forming strategic partnerships and alliances and for stock dividends and stock splits. The Combined Entity currently has no such plans, proposals, or arrangements, written or otherwise, to issue any of the additional authorized stock for such purposes.
Provisions Specific to a Blank Check Company
The elimination of certain provisions related to our status as a blank check company is desirable because these provisions will serve no purpose following the business combination. For example, the proposed charter does not include the requirement to dissolve the Combined Entity and allows it to continue as a corporate entity with perpetual existence following consummation of the business combination. Perpetual existence is the usual period of existence for corporations, and our board of directors believes it is the most appropriate period for the Combined Entity following the business combination. In addition, certain other provisions in our current certificate require that proceeds from the Forums initial public offering be held in the trust account until a business combination or liquidation of Forum has occurred. These provisions cease to apply once the business combination is consummated and are therefore not included in the proposed charter.
Vote Required for Approval
This Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal will be approved and adopted in its entirety only if the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock vote FOR the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal items and each of the Business Combination Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal and the ESSP Proposal is approved at the Special Meeting. Failure to vote by proxy or to vote in person at the Special Meeting or an abstention from voting will have the same effect as a vote AGAINST the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal.
The approval and adoption of the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, is conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal and each other proposal at the Special Meeting.
Recommendation of the Board
OUR BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT OUR STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR APPROVAL OF THE POST-MERGER CHARTER AMENDMENT PROPOSAL
AND THE AMENDED CHARTER.
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THE INCENTIVE PLAN PROPOSAL
Overview
The following is a summary description of the Equity Incentive Plan as proposed to be adopted by Forum in connection with the Business Combination. This summary is not a complete statement of the Equity Incentive Plan and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Equity Incentive Plan, a copy of which is attached hereto as Annex D . Forum stockholders should refer to the Equity Incentive Plan for more complete and detailed information about the terms and conditions of the Equity Incentive Plan.
The purpose of the Equity Incentive Plan is to provide a means whereby the Combined Entity can align the long-term financial interests of its employees, consultants, and directors with the financial interests of its stockholders. In addition, the board of directors believes that the ability to grant options and other equity-based awards will help the Combined Entity to attract, retain, and motivate employees, consultants, and directors and encourages them to devote their best efforts to the Combined Entitys business and financial success.
Approval of the Equity Incentive Plan by Forum stockholders is required, among other things, in order to: (i) comply with NASDAQ rules requiring stockholder approval of equity compensation plans; and (ii) allow the grant of incentive stock options to participants in the Equity Incentive Plan.
If this Incentive Plan Proposal is approved by Forum stockholders, the Equity Incentive Plan will become effective as of the date of the closing of the Business Combination, and no further grants will be made under the C1 Investment Corp. 2014 Incentive Plan, or the C1 2014 Plan. In the event that Forum stockholders do not approve this proposal, the Equity Incentive Plan will not become effective. Approval of the Equity Incentive Plan by Forum stockholders will allow the Combined Entity to grant stock options, restricted stock unit awards and other awards at levels determined appropriate by its board of directors or compensation committee following the closing of the Business Combination. The Equity Incentive Plan will also allow the Combined Entity to utilize a broad array of equity incentives and performance cash incentives in order to secure and retain the services of its employees, directors and consultants, and to provide long-term incentives that align the interests of its employees, directors and consultants with the interests of its stockholders following the closing of the Business Combination.
The Combined Entitys employee equity compensation program, as implemented under the Equity Incentive Plan, will allow the Combined Entity to remain competitive with comparable companies in its industry by giving it the resources to attract and retain talented individuals to achieve its business objectives and build stockholder value. Approval of the Equity Incentive Plan will provide the Combined Entity with the flexibility it needs to use equity compensation and other incentive awards to attract, retain and motivate talented employees, directors and independent contractors who are important to the Combined Entitys long-term growth and success.
Best Practices Integrated into Forums Equity Compensation Program and the Equity Incentive Plan
The Equity Incentive Plan includes provisions that are designed to protect the interests of the stockholders of the Combined Entity and to reflect corporate governance best practices including:
| No single trigger accelerated vesting upon change in control. The Equity Incentive Plan does not provide for automatic vesting of awards upon a change in control. |
| No liberal change in control definition. The change in control definition in the Equity Incentive Plan is not a liberal definition. A change in control transaction must actually occur in order for the change in control provisions in the Equity Incentive Plan to be triggered. It is not triggered, for example, upon the mere signing of a transaction agreement without the closing of the transaction having occurred. |
| No discounted stock options or stock appreciation rights. All stock options and stock appreciation rights granted under the Equity Incentive Plan must have an exercise or strike price equal to or greater than the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the date the stock option or stock appreciation right is granted. |
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| Material amendments require stockholder approval. Consistent with the rules and regulations of The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC, the Equity Incentive Plan requires stockholder approval of any material revisions to the Equity Incentive Plan. In addition, certain other amendments to the Equity Incentive Plan require stockholder approval. |
| Limit on non-employee director awards and other awards. Except in extraordinary circumstances, the maximum number of shares subject to stock awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan or otherwise during any calendar year to any of the Combined Entitys non-employee directors, taken together with any cash fees paid by the Combined Entity to such non-employee director during such calendar year for service on the Combined Entitys board of directors, may not exceed $600,000 in total value (calculating the value of any such stock awards based on the grant date fair value of such stock awards for financial reporting purposes), or with respect to the calendar year in which a non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the board, $900,000. The Equity Incentive Plan also contains other annual per-participant limits on stock options, stock appreciation rights and performance-based stock and cash awards. |
Information Regarding Equity Incentive Program
It is critical to the Combined Entitys long-term success that the interests of its employees, directors and consultants are tied to its success as owners of the business. Approval of the Equity Incentive Plan will allow the Combined Entity to grant stock options and other equity awards at levels it determines to be appropriate in order to attract new employees and directors, retain existing employees and directors and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the Combined Entitys success and ultimately increase stockholder value. The Equity Incentive Plan allows the Combined Entity to utilize a broad array of equity incentives with flexibility in designing equity incentives, including traditional stock option grants, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, other stock awards and performance stock awards to offer competitive equity compensation packages in order to retain and motivate the talent necessary for the Combined Entity.
If Forums request to approve the Equity Incentive Plan is approved by Forum stockholders, the Combined Entity will have approximately 10,000,000 shares, subject to adjustment for specified changes in the Combined Entitys capitalization, available for grant under the Equity Incentive Plan as of the effective time of the closing of the Business Combination. In addition, as further described below under the section titled Description of the 2018 Equity Incentive PlanShares Available for Awards , the share reserve is subject to annual increases each January 1 of up to 4.0% of shares of the Combined Entitys common stock outstanding (or a lesser number determined by the Combined Entitys board of directors). This pool size is necessary to provide sufficient reserved shares for a level of grants that will attract, retain, and motivate employees and other participants.
Description of the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan
The material features of the Equity Incentive Plan are described below. The following description of the Equity Incentive Plan is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Equity Incentive Plan. Stockholders are urged to read the actual text of the Equity Incentive Plan in its entirety.
Purpose
The Equity Incentive Plan is designed to secure and retain the services of the Combined Entitys employees, directors and consultants, provide incentives for Forum employees, directors and consultants to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Combined Entity and its affiliates, and provide a means by which the Combined Entitys employees, directors and consultants may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in the value of its Common Stock. If the Equity Incentive Plan is approved by Forum stockholders, no additional awards will be granted under the C1 2014 Plan following the effective date of the Equity Incentive Plan.
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Types of Awards
The terms of the Equity Incentive Plan provide for the grant of incentive stock options, nonstatutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock unit awards, other stock awards, and performance awards that may be settled in cash, stock, or other property.
Shares Available for Awards
Subject to adjustment for specified changes in the Combined Entitys capitalization, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan, or the Share Reserve, will not exceed 10,000,000 shares. In addition, the share reserve will automatically increase on January 1st of each year, for a period of not more than ten years, commencing on January 1st of the year following the year in which the effective date of the Equity Incentive Plan occurs, and ending on (and including) January 1, 2028, in an amount equal to 4.0% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year; however the board of directors or compensation committee may act prior to January 1st of a given year to provide that there will be no January 1st increase in the share reserve for such year or that the increase in the share reserve for such year will be a lesser number of shares of Common Stock than would otherwise occur pursuant to the automatic increase.
The following shares of Common Stock will become available again for issuance under the Equity Incentive Plan: (i) any shares subject to a stock award that are not issued because such stock award expires or otherwise terminates without all of the shares covered by such stock award having been issued; (ii) any shares subject to a stock award that are not issued because such stock award is settled in cash; (iii) any shares issued pursuant to a stock award that are forfeited back to or repurchased by the Combined Entity because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required for the vesting of such shares; and (iv) any shares reacquired by the Combined Entity in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations on a stock award or as consideration for the exercise or purchase price of a stock award.
Eligibility
All of the Combined Entitys (including its affiliates) 2,185 employees (as of January 1, 2018), non-employee directors and consultants will be eligible to participate in the Equity Incentive Plan following the closing of the Business Combination and may receive all types of awards other than incentive stock options. Incentive stock options may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan only to the Combined Entitys employees (including officers) and employees of its affiliates.
Non-Employee Director Compensation Limit
Under the Equity Incentive Plan, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock subject to stock awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan or otherwise during any one calendar year to any non-employee director, taken together with any cash fees paid by the Combined Entity to such non-employee director during such calendar year for services on its board of directors, will not exceed $600,000 in total value (calculating the value of any such stock awards based on the grant date fair value of such stock awards for financial reporting purposes), or, with respect to the calendar year in which a non-employee director is first appointed or elected to the Combined Entitys board of directors, $900,000.
Administration
The Equity Incentive Plan will be administered by the Combined Entitys board of directors, which may in turn delegate authority to administer the Equity Incentive Plan to a committee. The Combined Entitys board of directors will delegate concurrent authority to administer the Equity Incentive Plan to its compensation committee, but may, at any time, revest in itself some or all of the power delegated to its compensation committee. The Combined Entitys board of directors and its compensation committee are each considered to be a Plan Administrator for purposes of this Incentive Plan Proposal. Subject to the terms of the Equity Incentive
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Plan, the Plan Administrator may determine the recipients, the types of awards to be granted, the number of shares of Class A Common Stock subject to or the cash value of awards, and the terms and conditions of awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan, including the period of their exercisability and vesting. The Plan Administrator also has the authority to provide for accelerated exercisability and vesting of awards. Subject to the limitations set forth below, the Plan Administrator also determines the fair market value applicable to a stock award and the exercise or strike price of stock options and stock appreciation rights granted under the Equity Incentive Plan.
The Plan Administrator may also delegate to one or more officers the authority to designate employees who are not officers to be recipients of certain stock awards and the number of shares of Class A Common Stock subject to such stock awards. Under any such delegation, the Plan Administrator will specify the total number of shares of Common Stock that may be subject to the stock awards granted by such officer. The officer may not grant a stock award to himself or herself.
The Plan Administrator has the authority to modify outstanding awards under our Equity Incentive Plan, with the consent of any adversely affected participant. Subject to the terms of the Equity Incentive Plan, the Plan Administrator has the authority to reduce the exercise, purchase or strike price of any outstanding stock award, cancel any outstanding stock award in exchange for new stock awards, cash or other consideration, or take any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles,.
Stock Options
Stock options may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan pursuant to stock option agreements. The Equity Incentive Plan permits the grant of stock options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options, or ISOs, and nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs.
The exercise price of a stock option granted under the Equity Incentive Plan may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Stock subject to the stock option on the date of grant and, in some cases (see Limitations on Incentive Stock Options below), may not be less than 110% of such fair market value.
The term of stock options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan may not exceed ten years and, in some cases (see Limitations on Incentive Stock Options below), may not exceed five years. Except as otherwise provided in a participants stock option agreement or other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, if a participants service relationship with Combined Entity or any of its affiliates, referred to in this Incentive Plan Proposal as continuous service, terminates (other than for cause and other than upon the participants death or disability), the participant may exercise any vested stock options for up to three months following the participants termination of continuous service. Except as otherwise provided in a participants stock option agreement or other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, if a participants continuous service terminates due to the participants disability or death (or the participant dies within a specified period, if any, following termination of continuous service), the participant, or his or her beneficiary, as applicable, may exercise any vested stock options for up to 12 months following the participants termination due to the participants disability or for up to 18 months following the participants death. Except as explicitly provided otherwise in a participants stock option agreement or other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, if a participants continuous service is terminated for cause (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan), all stock options held by the participant will terminate upon the participants termination of continuous service and the participant will be prohibited from exercising any stock option from and after such termination date. Except as otherwise provided in a participants stock option agreement or other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, the term of a stock option may be extended if the exercise of the stock option following the participants termination of continuous service (other than for cause and other than upon the participants death or disability) would be prohibited by applicable securities laws or if the sale of any Common Stock received upon exercise of the stock option following the participants termination of continuous service (other than for cause) would violate the Combined Entitys insider trading policy. In no event, however, may a stock option be exercised after its original expiration date.
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Acceptable forms of consideration for the purchase of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of a stock option under the Equity Incentive Plan will be determined by the Plan Administrator and may include payment: (i) by cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Combined Entity; (ii) pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board; (iii) by delivery to the Combined Entity of shares of Common Stock (either by actual delivery or attestation); (iv) by a net exercise arrangement (for NSOs only); or (v) in other legal consideration approved by the Plan Administrator.
Stock options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan may become exercisable in cumulative increments, or vest, as determined by the Plan Administrator at the rate specified in the stock option agreement. Shares covered by different stock options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan may be subject to different vesting schedules as the Plan Administrator may determine. In addition, the Equity Incentive Plan provides that stock options may include a provision whereby the participant may elect to exercise the stock option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the stock option prior to the full vesting of the stock option, following which any unvested shares may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Combined entity.
The Plan Administrator may impose limitations on the transferability of stock options granted under the Equity Incentive Plan in its discretion. Generally, a participant may not transfer a stock option granted under the Equity Incentive Plan other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution or, subject to approval by the Plan Administrator, pursuant to a domestic relations order or an official marital settlement agreement. However, the Plan Administrator may permit transfer of a stock option in a manner that is not prohibited by applicable tax and securities laws. In addition, subject to approval by the Plan Administrator, a participant may designate a beneficiary who may exercise the stock option following the participants death.
Limitations on Incentive Stock Options
The aggregate fair market value, determined at the time of grant, of shares of Common Stock with respect to ISOs that are exercisable for the first time by a participant during any calendar year under all of the Combined Entitys stock plans may not exceed $100,000. The stock options or portions of stock options that exceed this limit or otherwise fail to qualify as ISOs are treated as NSOs. No ISO may be granted to any person who, at the time of grant, owns or is deemed to own stock possessing more than 10% of Forums total combined voting power or that of any affiliate unless the following conditions are satisfied:
| the exercise price of the ISO must be at least 110% of the fair market value of the Common Stock subject to the ISO on the date of grant; and |
| the term of the ISO must not exceed five years from the date of grant. |
Subject to adjustment for specified changes in capitalization, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of ISOs under the Equity Incentive Plan is shares.
Stock Appreciation Rights
Stock appreciation rights may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan pursuant to stock appreciation right agreements. Each stock appreciation right is denominated in common stock share equivalents. The strike price of each stock appreciation right will be determined by the Plan Administrator, but will in no event be less than 100% of the fair market value of the Common Stock subject to the stock appreciation right on the date of grant. The Plan Administrator may also impose restrictions or conditions upon the vesting of stock appreciation rights that it deems appropriate. The appreciation distribution payable upon exercise of a stock appreciation right may be paid in shares of Common Stock, in cash, in a combination of cash and stock, or in any other form of consideration determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the stock appreciation right agreement. Stock appreciation rights will be subject to the same conditions upon termination of continuous service and restrictions on transfer as stock options under the Equity Incentive Plan.
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Restricted Stock Awards
Restricted stock awards may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan pursuant to restricted stock award agreements. A restricted stock award may be granted in consideration for cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Combined Entity, the participants services performed for the Combined Entity or any of its affiliates, or any other form of legal consideration acceptable to the Plan Administrator. Shares of Common Stock acquired under a restricted stock award may be subject to forfeiture to or repurchase by the Combined Entity in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Plan Administrator. Rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under a restricted stock award may be transferred only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the restricted stock award agreement. A restricted stock award agreement may provide that any dividends paid on restricted stock will be subject to the same vesting conditions as apply to the shares subject to the restricted stock award. Upon a participants termination of continuous service for any reason, any shares subject to restricted stock awards held by the participant that have not vested as of such termination date may be forfeited to or repurchased by the Combined Entity.
Restricted Stock Unit Awards
Restricted stock unit awards may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan pursuant to restricted stock unit award agreements. Payment of any purchase price may be made in any form of legal consideration acceptable to the Plan Administrator. A restricted stock unit award may be settled by the delivery of shares of Common Stock, in cash, in a combination of cash and stock, or in any other form of consideration determined by the Plan Administrator and set forth in the restricted stock unit award agreement. Restricted stock unit awards may be subject to vesting in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Plan Administrator. Dividend equivalents may be credited in respect of shares of Common Stock covered by a restricted stock unit award, provided that any additional shares credited by reason of such dividend equivalents will be subject to all of the same terms and conditions of the underlying restricted stock unit award. Except as otherwise provided in a participants restricted stock unit award agreement or other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, restricted stock units that have not vested will be forfeited upon the participants termination of continuous service for any reason.
Performance Awards
The Equity Incentive Plan allows the Combined Entity to grant performance stock and cash awards.
A performance stock award is a stock award that is payable (including that may be granted, may vest, or may be exercised) contingent upon the attainment of performance goals during a performance period. A performance stock award may require the completion of a specified period of continuous service. The length of any performance period, the performance goals to be achieved during the performance period, and the measure of whether and to what degree such performance goals have been attained will be determined by the Plan Administrator. In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law and the performance stock award agreement, the Plan Administrator may determine that cash may be used in payment of performance stock awards.
A performance cash award is a cash award that is payable contingent upon the attainment of performance goals during a performance period. A performance cash award may require the completion of a specified period of continuous service. The length of any performance period, the performance goals to be achieved during the performance period, and the measure of whether and to what degree such performance goals have been attained will be determined by the Plan Administrator. The Plan Administrator may specify the form of payment of performance cash awards, which may be cash or other property, or may provide for a participant to have the option for his or her performance cash award to be paid in cash or other property.
Performance goals under the Equity Incentive Plan may be based on any one or more of the following performance criteria: (i) earnings (including earnings per share and net earnings); (ii) earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation; (iii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; (iv) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and legal settlements; (v) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation,
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amortization, legal settlements and other income (expense); (vi) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense) and stock-based compensation; (vii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense), stock-based compensation and changes in deferred revenue; (viii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense), stock-based compensation, other non-cash expenses and changes in deferred revenue; (ix) total stockholder return; (x) return on equity or average stockholders equity; (xi) return on assets, investment, or capital employed; (xii) stock price; (xiii) margin (including gross margin); (xiv) income (before or after taxes); (xv) operating income; (xvi) operating income after taxes; (xvii) pre-tax profit; (xviii) operating cash flow; (xix) sales or revenue targets; (xx) increases in revenue or product revenue; (xxi) expenses and cost reduction goals; (xxii) improvement in or attainment of working capital levels; (xxiii) economic value added (or an equivalent metric); (xxiv) market share; (xxv) cash flow; (xxvi) cash flow per share; (xxvii) cash balance; (xxviii) cash burn; (xxix) cash collections; (xxx) share price performance; (xxxi) debt reduction; (xxxii) implementation or completion of projects or processes; (xxxiii) stockholders equity; (xxxiv) capital expenditures; (xxxv) debt levels; (xxxvi) operating profit or net operating profit; (xxxvii) workforce diversity; (xxxviii) growth of net income or operating income; (xxxix) billings; (xl) bookings; (xli) employee retention; (xlii) acquisition of new customers, including institutional accounts; (xliii) customer retention and/or repeat order rate; (xliv) number of users, including institutional customer accounts (xlv) budget management; (xlvi) partner satisfaction; (xlvii) strategic partnerships or transactions (including in-licensing and out-licensing of intellectual property); (xlviii) customer satisfaction; and (xlix) and other measures of performance selected by the board of directors of the Combined Entity.
Performance goals may be based on a company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, affiliates or business segments, and in either absolute terms or relative to the performance of one or more comparable companies or the performance of one or more relevant indices. The Plan Administrator is authorized to make appropriate adjustments in the method of calculating the attainment of performance goals for a performance period as follows: (i) to exclude restructuring and/or other nonrecurring charges; (ii) to exclude exchange rate effects; (iii) to exclude the effects of changes to U.S. GAAP; (iv) to exclude the effects of any statutory adjustments to corporate tax rates; (v) to exclude the effects of items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently as determined under U.S. GAAP; (vi) to exclude the dilutive effects of acquisitions or joint ventures; (vii) to assume that any business divested by the Combined Entity achieved performance objectives at targeted levels during the balance of a performance period following such divestiture; (viii) to exclude the effect of any change in the outstanding shares of Common Stock of the Combined Entity by reason of any stock dividend or split, stock repurchase, reorganization, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination or exchange of shares or other similar corporate change, or any distributions to common stockholders other than regular cash dividends; (ix) to exclude the effects of stock based compensation and the award of bonuses under the Combined Entitys bonus plans; (x) to exclude costs incurred in connection with potential acquisitions or divestitures that are required to be expensed under U.S. GAAP; (xi) to exclude the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges that are required to be recorded under U.S. GAAP and (xii) to exclude the effect of any other unusual, non-recurring gain or loss of other extraordinary item.
In addition, the Plan Administrator retains the discretion to reduce or eliminate the compensation or economic benefit due upon the attainment of any performance goals and to define the manner of calculating the performance criteria it selects to use for a performance period.
Other Stock Awards
Other forms of stock awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, Common Stock may be granted either alone or in addition to other stock awards under the Equity Incentive Plan. The Plan Administrator will have sole and complete authority to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such other stock awards will be granted, the number of shares of Common Stock to be granted and all other terms and conditions of such other stock awards.
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Clawback Policy
Awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that the Combined Entity is required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which Forums securities are listed or as is otherwise required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or other applicable law. In addition, the Plan Administrator may impose other clawback, recovery or recoupment provisions in an award agreement as the Plan Administrator determines necessary or appropriate, including a reacquisition right in respect of previously acquired shares of Common Stock or other cash or property upon the occurrence of cause.
Changes to Capital Structure
In the event of certain capitalization adjustments, the Plan Administrator will appropriately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Equity Incentive Plan and by which the share reserve may increase automatically each year; (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of ISOs; (iii) the class and maximum number of shares that may be awarded to any non-employee director; and (iv) the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to outstanding stock awards.
Corporate Transaction
In the event of a corporate transaction or a change in control (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan and described below), the Plan Administrator may take one or more of the following actions with respect to stock awards, contingent upon the closing or consummation of the corporate transaction, unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing the stock award, in any other written agreement between the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates and the participant or in the Combined Entitys director compensation policy, or unless otherwise provided by the Plan Administrator at the time of grant of the stock award:
| arrange for the surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) to assume or continue the stock award or to substitute a similar stock award for the stock award (including an award to acquire the same consideration paid to the Combined Entitys stockholders pursuant to the corporate transaction); |
| arrange for the assignment of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Combined Entity in respect of common stock issued pursuant to the stock award to the surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company); |
| accelerate the vesting (and, if applicable, the exercisability) of the stock award to a date prior to the effective time of the corporate transaction as determined by the Plan Administrator (or, if the Plan Administrator does not determine such a date, to the date that is five days prior to the effective date of the corporate transaction), with the stock award terminating if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to the effective time of the corporate transaction; provided, however, that the Plan Administrator may require participants to complete and deliver to the Combined Entity a notice of exercise before the effective date of a corporate transaction, which is contingent upon the effectiveness of the corporate transaction; |
| arrange for the lapse of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Combined Entity with respect to the stock award; |
| cancel or arrange for the cancellation of the stock award, to the extent not vested or not exercised prior to the effective time of the corporate transaction, and pay such cash consideration (including no consideration) as the Plan Administrator may consider appropriate; and |
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make a payment, in such form as may be determined by the Combined Entitys board of directors equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the value of the property the participant would have received upon the exercise of the stock award immediately prior to the effective time of the transaction, over (ii) any |
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exercise price payable by such holder in connection with such exercise. For clarity, this payment may be zero if the value of the property is equal to or less than the exercise price. In addition, any escrow, holdback, earnout or similar provisions in the definitive agreement for the corporate transaction may apply to such payment to the same extent and in the same manner as such provisions apply to the holders of common stock. |
The Plan Administrator is not required to take the same action with respect to all stock awards or portions of stock awards or with respect to all participants. The Plan Administrator may take different actions with respect to the vested and unvested portions of a stock award.
In the event of a corporate transaction, unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing a performance cash award or any other written agreement between the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates and the participant, or unless otherwise provided by the Plan Administrator, all performance cash awards will terminate prior to the effective time of the corporate transaction.
For purposes of the Equity Incentive Plan, a corporate transaction generally will be deemed to occur in the event of the consummation of: (i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Combined Entitys consolidated assets; (ii) a sale or other disposition of more than 50% of the Combined Entitys outstanding securities; (iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Combined Entity is not the surviving corporation; or (iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Combined Entity is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately prior to the transaction are converted or exchanged into other property by virtue of the transaction.
Change in Control
Under the Equity Incentive Plan, a stock award may be subject to additional acceleration of vesting and exercisability upon or after a change in control (as defined in the Equity Incentive Plan and described below) as may be provided in the participants stock award agreement, in any other written agreement with the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates or in any director compensation policy, but in the absence of such provision, no such acceleration will occur.
For purposes of the Equity Incentive Plan, a change in control generally will be deemed to occur in the event: (i) a person, entity or group acquires, directly or indirectly, securities representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Combined Entitys then outstanding securities, other than by virtue of a merger, consolidation, or similar transaction; (ii) there is consummated a merger, consolidation, or similar transaction and, immediately after the consummation of such transaction, the Combined Entitys stockholders immediately prior thereto do not own, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the combined outstanding voting power of the surviving entity or the parent of the surviving entity in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Combined Entitys outstanding voting securities immediately prior to such transaction; (iii) the stockholders or the board of the Combined Entity approve a plan of complete dissolution or liquidation, or a complete dissolution or liquidation will otherwise occur, except for a liquidation into a parent corporation; (iv) there is consummated a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Combined Entitys consolidated assets, other than a sale or other disposition to an entity in which more than 50% of the entitys combined voting power is owned by the Combined Entitys stockholders in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of the Combined Entitys outstanding voting securities immediately prior to such sale or other disposition; or (v) a majority of the Combined Entitys board of directors becomes comprised of individuals whose nomination, appointment, or election was not approved by a majority of the board members or their approved successors.
Plan Amendments and Termination
The Plan Administrator will have the authority to amend or terminate the Equity Incentive Plan at any time. However, except as otherwise provided in the Equity Incentive Plan or an award agreement, no amendment or termination of the Equity Incentive Plan may materially impair a participants rights under his or her outstanding awards without the participants consent.
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The Combined Entity will obtain stockholder approval of any amendment to the Equity Incentive Plan as required by applicable law and listing requirements. No incentive stock options may be granted under the Equity Incentive Plan after the tenth anniversary of the date the Equity Incentive Plan was adopted by Forums board of directors.
U.S. Federal Income Tax Consequences
The following is a summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences to participants and the Combined Entity with respect to participation in the Equity Incentive Plan, which will not become effective until the date of the closing of the Business Combination. No awards will be issued under the Equity Incentive Plan prior to the date of the closing of the Business Combination. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive and does not discuss the income tax laws of any local, state or foreign jurisdiction in which a participant may reside. The information is based upon current federal income tax rules and therefore is subject to change when those rules change. Because the tax consequences to any participant may depend on his or her particular situation, each participant should consult the participants tax adviser regarding the federal, state, local and other tax consequences of the grant or exercise of an award or the disposition of stock acquired the Equity Incentive Plan. The Equity Incentive Plan is not qualified under the provisions of Section 401(a) of the Code and is not subject to any of the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. The Combined Entitys ability to realize the benefit of any tax deductions described below depends on the Combined Entitys generation of taxable income as well as the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of the Combined Entitys tax reporting obligations.
Nonstatutory Stock Options
Generally, there is no taxation upon the grant of a NSO if the stock option is granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the underlying stock on the grant date. Upon exercise, a participant will recognize ordinary income equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of exercise of the stock option over the exercise price. If the participant is employed by the Combined Entity or one of its affiliates, that income will be subject to withholding taxes. The participants tax basis in those shares will be equal to their fair market value on the date of exercise of the stock option, and the participants capital gain holding period for those shares will begin on that date.
Subject to the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of a tax reporting obligation, the Combined Entity will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the participant.
Incentive Stock Options
The Equity Incentive Plan provides for the grant of stock options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock options, as defined in Section 422 of the Code. Under the Code, a participant generally is not subject to ordinary income tax upon the grant or exercise of an ISO. If the participant holds a share received upon exercise of an ISO for more than two years from the date the stock option was granted and more than one year from the date the stock option was exercised, which is referred to as the required holding period, the difference, if any, between the amount realized on a sale or other taxable disposition of that share and the participants tax basis in that share will be long-term capital gain or loss.
If, however, a participant disposes of a share acquired upon exercise of an ISO before the end of the required holding period, which is referred to as a disqualifying disposition, the participant generally will recognize ordinary income in the year of the disqualifying disposition equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the share on the date of exercise of the stock option over the exercise price. However, if the sales proceeds are less than the fair market value of the share on the date of exercise of the stock option, the amount of ordinary income recognized by the participant will not exceed the gain, if any, realized on the sale. If the amount realized on a disqualifying disposition exceeds the fair market value of the share on the date of exercise of the stock option, that excess will be short-term or long-term capital gain, depending on whether the holding period for the share exceeds one year.
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For purposes of the alternative minimum tax, the amount by which the fair market value of a share of stock acquired upon exercise of an ISO exceeds the exercise price of the stock option generally will be an adjustment included in the participants alternative minimum taxable income for the year in which the stock option is exercised. If, however, there is a disqualifying disposition of the share in the year in which the stock option is exercised, there will be no adjustment for alternative minimum tax purposes with respect to that share. In computing alternative minimum taxable income, the tax basis of a share acquired upon exercise of an ISO is increased by the amount of the adjustment taken into account with respect to that share for alternative minimum tax purposes in the year the stock option is exercised.
The Combined Entity is not allowed a tax deduction with respect to the grant or exercise of an ISO or the disposition of a share acquired upon exercise of an ISO after the required holding period. If there is a disqualifying disposition of a share, however, the Combined Entity will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the participant, subject to the requirement of reasonableness, and provided that either the employee includes that amount in income or the Combined Entity timely satisfies its reporting requirements with respect to that amount.
Restricted Stock Awards
Generally, the recipient of a restricted stock award will recognize ordinary income at the time the stock is received equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the stock received over any amount paid by the recipient in exchange for the stock. If, however, the stock is not vested when it is received (for example, if the employee is required to work for a period of time in order to have the right to sell the stock), the recipient generally will not recognize income until the stock becomes vested, at which time the recipient will recognize ordinary income equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the stock on the date it becomes vested over any amount paid by the recipient in exchange for the stock. A recipient may, however, file an election with the Internal Revenue Service, within 30 days following his or her receipt of the stock award, to recognize ordinary income, as of the date the recipient receives the award, equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the stock on the date the award is granted over any amount paid by the recipient for the stock.
The recipients basis for the determination of gain or loss upon the subsequent disposition of shares acquired from a restricted stock award will be the amount paid for such shares plus any ordinary income recognized either when the stock is received or when the stock becomes vested.
Subject to the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of a tax reporting obligation, the Combined Entity will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the recipient of the restricted stock award.
Restricted Stock Unit Awards
Generally, the recipient of a restricted stock unit award structured to comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code or an exception to Section 409A of the Code will recognize ordinary income at the time the stock is delivered equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the stock received over any amount paid by the recipient in exchange for the stock. To comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code, the stock subject to a restricted stock unit award may generally only be delivered upon one of the following events: a fixed calendar date (or dates), separation from service, death, disability or a change in control. If delivery occurs on another date, unless the restricted stock unit award otherwise complies with or qualifies for an exception to the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (including delivery upon achievement of a performance goal), in addition to the tax treatment described above, the recipient will owe an additional 20% federal tax and interest on any taxes owed.
The recipients basis for the determination of gain or loss upon the subsequent disposition of shares acquired from a restricted stock unit award will be the amount paid for such shares plus any ordinary income recognized when the stock is delivered.
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Subject to the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of a tax reporting obligation, the Combined Entity will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the recipient of the restricted stock unit award.
Stock Appreciation Rights
Generally, if a stock appreciation right is granted with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the underlying stock on the grant date, the recipient will recognize ordinary income equal to the fair market value of the stock or cash received upon such exercise. Subject to the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of a tax reporting obligation, the Combined Entity will generally be entitled to a tax deduction equal to the taxable ordinary income realized by the recipient of the stock appreciation right.
New Plan Benefits
Awards granted under the Equity Incentive Plan to the Combined Entitys executive officers and other employees will be discretionary and are not subject to set benefits or amounts under the terms of the Equity Incentive Plan. The Equity Incentive Plan will not become effective until the Closing of the Business Combination and neither Forums board of directors nor Forums compensation committee has granted any awards under the Equity Incentive Plan subject to stockholder approval of this Incentive Plan Proposal. Accordingly, the benefits or amounts that will be received by or allocated to Forums (or the Combined Entitys) executive officers and other employees under the Equity Incentive Plan, as well as the benefits or amounts which would have been received by or allocated to Forums (or the Combined Entitys) executive officers and other employees for the year ended December 31, 2017 if the Equity Incentive Plan had been in effect, are not determinable.
Vote Required
The approval of the Incentive Plan Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting, assuming that a quorum is present. Abstentions will have no effect on this Proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect with respect to the approval of this proposal.
The approval and adoption of the Incentive Plan Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal, and each other proposal at the Special Meeting.
Recommendation of the Board
FORUMS BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT THE FORUM STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE INCENTIVE PLAN PROPOSAL.
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THE ESPP PROPOSAL
Overview
The following is a summary description of the ESPP as proposed to be adopted by Forum in connection with the Business Combination. This summary is not a complete statement of the ESPP and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the ESPP, a copy of which is attached hereto as Annex E . Forum stockholders should refer to the ESPP for more complete and detailed information about the terms and conditions of the ESPP.
The purpose of the ESPP is to provide a means whereby the Combined Entity can align the long-term financial interests of its employees with the financial interests of its stockholders. In addition, the board of directors believes that the ability to allow its employees to purchase shares of Common Stock will help the Combined Entity to attract, retain, and motivate employees and encourages them to devote their best efforts to the Combined Entitys business and financial success. Approval of the ESPP by Forum stockholders will allow the Combined Entity to provide its employees with the opportunity to acquire an ownership interest in the Combined Entity through their participation in the ESPP, thereby encouraging them to remain in service and more closely aligning their interests with those of the Combined Entitys stockholders.
If this ESPP Proposal is approved by Forum stockholders, the ESPP will become effective as of the date of the closing of the Business Combination. In the event that Forum stockholders do not approve this proposal, the ESPP will not become effective. Forum does not maintain any other employee stock purchase plans.
Description of the ESPP
The material features of the ESPP are described below. The following description of the ESPP is a summary only and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the text of the ESPP.
Purpose
The purpose of the ESPP is to provide a means by which the Combined Entitys employees may be given an opportunity to purchase shares of Common Stock following the closing of the Business Combination, to assist the Combined Entity in retaining the services of its employees, to secure and retain the services of new employees and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for Forums success. The rights to purchase Common Stock granted under the ESPP are intended to qualify as options issued under an employee stock purchase plan as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code.
Administration
The Combined Entitys board of directors will have the power to administer the ESPP and may also delegate administration of the ESPP to a committee comprised of one or more members of its board of directors. The Combined Entitys board of directors will delegate concurrent authority to administer the Equity Incentive Plan to its compensation committee, but may, at any time, revest in itself some or all of the power delegated to its compensation committee. The Combined Entitys board of directors and its compensation committee will each be considered to be a Plan Administrator for purposes of this proposal. The Plan Administrator has the final power to construe and interpret both the ESPP and the rights granted under it. The Plan Administrator has the power, subject to the provisions of the ESPP, to determine when and how rights to purchase Common Stock will be granted, the provisions of each offering of such rights (which need not be identical), and whether employees of any parent or subsidiary companies will be eligible to participate in the ESPP.
Stock Subject to ESPP
Subject to adjustment for specified changes in Forums capitalization, the maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the ESPP is 1,500,000 shares, plus the number of shares of Common Stock that are automatically added on January 1st of each year for a period of up to ten years, commencing on
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January 1 following the effective date of the ESPP and ending on (and including) January 1, 2028, in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the total number of shares of common stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year, and (ii) 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock; provided, that prior to the date of any annual increase, the board of directors of the Combined Entity may determine that such increase will be less than the amount set forth in clauses (i) or (ii). If any rights granted under the ESPP terminate without being exercised in full, the shares of common stock not purchased under such rights again become available for issuance under the ESPP. The shares of Common Stock issuable under the ESPP will be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Combined Entity on the open market.
Offerings
The ESPP will be implemented by offerings of rights to purchase Common Stock to all eligible employees. The Plan Administrator will determine the duration of each offering period, provided that in no event may an offering period exceed 27 months. The Plan Administrator may establish separate offerings which vary in terms (although not inconsistent with the provisions of the ESPP or the requirements of applicable laws). Each offering period will have one or more purchase dates, as determined by the Plan Administrator prior to the commencement of the offering period. The Plan Administrator has the authority to alter the terms of an offering prior to the commencement of the offering period, including the duration of subsequent offering periods. When an eligible employee elects to join an offering period, he or she is granted a right to purchase shares of Common Stock on each purchase date within the offering period. On the purchase date, all contributions collected from the participant are automatically applied to the purchase of Common Stock, subject to certain limitations (which are described further below under Eligibility ).
The Plan Administrator has the discretion to structure an offering so that if the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on any purchase date during the offering period is less than or equal to the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period, then that offering will terminate immediately following the purchase of shares of Common Stock on such purchase date, and the participants in such terminated offering will be automatically enrolled in a new offering that begins immediately after such purchase date.
Eligibility
Any individual who is employed by the Combined Entity (or by any of its parent or subsidiary companies if such company is designated by the Plan Administrator as eligible to participate in the ESPP) may participate in offerings under the ESPP, provided such individual has been employed by the Combined Entity (or its parent or subsidiary, if applicable) for such continuous period preceding the first day of the offering period as the Plan Administrator may require, but in no event may the required period of continuous employment be equal to or greater than two years. In addition, the Plan Administrator may provide that an employee will not be eligible to be granted purchase rights under the ESPP unless such employee is customarily employed for more than 20 hours per week and five months per calendar year. The Plan Administrator may also provide in any offering that certain of the Combined Entitys employees who are highly compensated as defined in the Code are not eligible to participate in the ESPP.
No employee will be eligible to participate in the ESPP if, immediately after the grant of purchase rights, the employee would own, directly or indirectly, stock possessing 5% or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of the Combined Entitys stock or of any of the Combined Entitys parent or subsidiary companies, including any stock which such employee may purchase under all outstanding purchase rights and options. In addition, no employee may purchase more than $25,000 worth of Common Stock (determined based on the fair market value of the shares at the time such rights are granted) under all the Combined Entitys employee stock purchase plans and any employee stock purchase plans of the Combined Entitys parent or subsidiary companies for each calendar year during which such rights are outstanding.
If this proposal is approved by the Forum stockholders, all of the Combined Entitys 2,185 employees (as of January 1, 2018) will be eligible to participate in the ESPP following the closing of the Business Combination.
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Participation in the ESPP
An eligible employee may enroll in the ESPP by delivering, prior to the date selected by the Plan Administrator as the beginning of an offering period, an agreement authorizing contributions which may not exceed the maximum amount specified by the Plan Administrator, but in any case which may not exceed 15% of such employees earnings during the offering period. Each participant will be granted a separate purchase right for each offering in which he or she participates. Unless an employees participation is discontinued, his or her purchase right will be exercised automatically at the end of each purchase period at the applicable purchase price.
Purchase Price
The default purchase price per share at which shares of Common Stock are sold on each purchase date during an offering period will be 95% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date; provided that the Combined Entitys board of directors or compensation committee may determine a different purchase price prior to the start of an offering period and provided that the purchase price may not be less than the lower of (i) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the first day of the offering period or (ii) 85% of the fair market value of a share of Common Stock on the purchase date. As of January 25, 2018, the closing price of Common Stock as reported on The NASDAQ Capital Market was $11.23 per share.
Payment of Purchase Price; Payroll Deductions
The purchase of shares during an offering period generally will be funded by a participants payroll deductions accumulated during the offering period. A participant may change his or her rate of contributions, as determined by the Plan Administrator in the offering. All contributions made for a participant are credited to his or her account under the ESPP and deposited with the Combined Entitys general funds.
Purchase Limits
In connection with each offering made under the ESPP, the Plan Administrator may specify (i) a maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by any participant pursuant to such offering, (ii) a maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by any participant on any purchase date pursuant to such offering, (iii) a maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by all participants pursuant to such offering, and/or (iv) a maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by all participants on any purchase date pursuant to such offering. If the aggregate purchase of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of purchase rights granted under such offering would exceed any such maximum aggregate number, then the Plan Administrator will make a pro rata allocation of available shares in a uniform and equitable manner.
Withdrawal
Participants may withdraw from an offering by delivering a withdrawal form to the Combined Entity and terminating their contributions. Such withdrawal may be elected at any time prior to the end of an offering, except as otherwise provided by the Plan Administrator. Upon such withdrawal, the Combined Entity will distribute to the employee his or her accumulated but unused contributions without interest, and such employees right to participate in that offering will terminate. However, an employees withdrawal from an offering does not affect such employees eligibility to participate in any other offerings under the ESPP.
Termination of Employment
A participants rights under any offering under the ESPP will terminate immediately if the participant either (i) is no longer employed by the Combined Entity or any of its parent or subsidiary companies (subject to any post-employment participation period required by law) or (ii) is otherwise no longer eligible to participate. In such event, the Combined Entity will distribute to the participant his or her accumulated but unused contributions without interest.
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Restrictions on Transfer
Rights granted under the ESPP are not transferable. During a participants lifetime, such rights may only be exercised by the participant. Shares and cash in a participants accounts are released to the participants estate or beneficiary upon death of the participant.
Changes in Capitalization
In the event of certain changes in the Combined Entitys capitalization, the Plan Administrator will appropriately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the ESPP; (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities by which the share reserve it to increase automatically each year; (iii) the class(es) and number of securities subject to, and the purchase price applicable to, outstanding offerings and purchase rights; and (iv) the class(es) and number of securities that are the subject of any purchase limits under each ongoing offering.
Effect of Certain Corporate Transactions
In the event of a corporate transaction (as defined in the ESPP and described below), (i) any surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) may assume or continue outstanding purchase rights granted under the ESPP or may substitute similar rights (including a right to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the corporate transaction) for such outstanding purchase rights, or (ii) if any surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) does not assume or continue such outstanding purchase rights or does not substitute similar rights for such outstanding purchase rights, then the participants accumulated contributions will be used to purchase shares of Common Stock within ten business days prior to the corporate transaction under such purchase rights, and such purchase rights will terminate immediately after such purchase.
For purposes of the ESPP, a corporate transaction generally will be deemed to occur in the event of the consummation of: (i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Combined Entitys consolidated assets; (ii) a sale or other disposition of at least 50% of the Combined Entitys outstanding securities; (iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Combined Entity is not the surviving corporation; or (iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Combined Entity is the surviving corporation but the shares of its common stock outstanding immediately prior to such transaction are converted or exchanged into other property by virtue of such transaction.
Duration, Amendment and Termination
The Plan Administrator may amend or terminate the ESPP at any time. However, except in regard to certain capitalization adjustments, any such amendment must be approved by the Combined Entitys stockholders if such approval is required by applicable law or listing requirements.
Any outstanding purchase rights granted before an amendment or termination of the ESPP will not be materially impaired by any such amendment or termination, except (i) with the consent of the employee to whom such purchase rights were granted, (ii) as necessary to comply with applicable laws, listing requirements or governmental regulations (including Section 423 of the Code), or (iii) as necessary to obtain or maintain favorable tax, listing or regulatory treatment.
Notwithstanding anything in the ESPP or any offering to the contrary, the Plan Administrator will be entitled to: (i) establish the Exchange Ratio applicable to amounts withheld in a currency other than U.S. dollars; (ii) permit contributions in excess of the amount designated by a participant in order to adjust for mistakes in the processing of properly completed contribution elections; (iii) establish reasonable waiting and adjustment periods and/or accounting and crediting procedures to ensure that amounts applied toward the purchase of Common Stock for each participant properly correspond with amounts withheld from the participants contributions; (iv) amend any outstanding purchase rights or clarify any ambiguities regarding the terms of any offering to enable such purchase rights to qualify under and/or comply with Section 423 of the Code; and (v) establish other
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limitations or procedures as the Plan Administrator determines in its sole discretion advisable that are consistent with the ESPP. Any such actions by the Plan Administrator will not be considered to alter or impair any purchase rights granted under an offering as they are part of the initial terms of each offering and the purchase rights granted under each offering.
Federal Income Tax Information
The following is a summary of the principal U.S. federal income tax consequences to participants and the Combined Entity with respect to participation in the ESPP. This summary is not intended to be exhaustive and does not discuss the income tax laws of any local, state or foreign jurisdiction in which a participant may reside. The information is based upon current federal income tax rules and therefore is subject to change when those rules change. Because the tax consequences to any participant may depend on his or her particular situation, each participant should consult the participants tax adviser regarding the federal, state, local, and other tax consequences of the grant or exercise of a purchase right or the sale or other disposition of Common Stock acquired under the ESPP. The ESPP is not qualified under the provisions of Section 401(a) of the Code and is not subject to any of the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Rights granted under the ESPP are intended to qualify for favorable federal income tax treatment associated with rights granted under an employee stock purchase plan which qualifies under the provisions of Section 423 of the Code.
A participant will be taxed on amounts withheld for the purchase of shares of Common Stock as if such amounts were actually received. Otherwise, no income will be taxable to a participant as a result of the granting or exercise of a purchase right until a sale or other disposition of the acquired shares. The taxation upon such sale or other disposition will depend upon the holding period of the acquired shares.
If the shares are sold or otherwise disposed of more than two years after the beginning of the offering period and more than one year after the shares are transferred to the participant, then the lesser of the following will be treated as ordinary income: (i) the excess of the fair market value of the shares at the time of such sale or other disposition over the purchase price; or (ii) the excess of the fair market value of the shares as of the beginning of the offering period over the purchase price (determined as of the beginning of the offering period). Any further gain or any loss will be taxed as a long-term capital gain or loss.
If the shares are sold or otherwise disposed of before the expiration of either of the holding periods described above, then the excess of the fair market value of the shares on the purchase date over the purchase price will be treated as ordinary income at the time of such sale or other disposition. The balance of any gain will be treated as capital gain. Even if the shares are later sold or otherwise disposed of for less than their fair market value on the purchase date, the same amount of ordinary income is attributed to the participant, and a capital loss is recognized equal to the difference between the sales price and the fair market value of the shares on such purchase date. Any capital gain or loss will be short-term or long-term, depending on how long the shares have been held.
There are no federal income tax consequences to the Combined Entity by reason of the grant or exercise of rights under the ESPP. The Combined Entity is entitled to a deduction to the extent amounts are taxed as ordinary income to a participant for shares sold or otherwise disposed of before the expiration of the holding periods described above (subject to the requirement of reasonableness and the satisfaction of tax reporting obligations).
New Plan Benefits
Participation in the ESPP is voluntary and each eligible employee will make his or her own decision regarding whether and to what extent to participate in the ESPP. In addition, Forums board of directors and Forums compensation committee have not granted any purchase rights under the ESPP that are subject to stockholder approval of this proposal. The ESPP will not become effective until the date of the Closing of the Business Combination. Accordingly, the benefits or amounts that will be received by or allocated to Forums (or
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the Combined Entitys) executive officers and other employees under the ESPP, as well as the benefits or amounts which would have been received by or allocated to Forums (or the Combined Entitys) executive officers and other employees for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 if the ESPP had been in effect, are not determinable. No non-employee directors will be eligible to participate in the ESPP.
Vote Required
The approval of the ESPP Proposal requires the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast by the stockholders represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting, assuming that a quorum is present. Abstentions will have no effect on this proposal. Broker non-votes will have no effect with respect to the approval of this proposal.
The approval and adoption of the ESPP Proposal is conditioned on the approval of the Business Combination Proposal and each other proposal at the Special Meeting.
Recommendation of the Board
FORUMS BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT THE FORUM STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE ESPP PROPOSAL.
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THE ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL
Overview
The Adjournment Proposal, if adopted, will allow Forums board of directors to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date or dates to permit further solicitation of proxies. The Adjournment Proposal will only be presented to Forums stockholders in the event that based upon the tabulated vote at the time of the Special Meeting there are insufficient votes for, or otherwise in connection with, the approval of the Pre-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Business Combination Proposal, the Escrow Amendment Proposal, the Nasdaq Proposal, the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal, the Incentive Plan Proposal or the ESPP Proposal. In no event will Forums board of directors adjourn the Special Meeting or consummate the Business Combination beyond the date by which it may properly do so under its amended and restated certificate of incorporation and Delaware law.
Consequences if the Adjournment Proposal is Not Approved
If the Adjournment Proposal is not approved by Forums stockholders, Forums board of directors may not be able to adjourn the Special Meeting to a later date in the event that there are insufficient votes for, or otherwise in connection with, the approval of the Business Combination Proposal or any other proposal.
Vote Required for Approval
The approval of the Adjournment Proposal requires the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the shares of Forum Common Stock represented in person or by proxy and entitled to vote thereon at the Special Meeting. Abstentions will have no effect on this proposal.
Recommendation of the Board of Directors
FOURMS BOARD OF DIRECTORS UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT ITS STOCKHOLDERS VOTE FOR THE APPROVAL OF THE ADJOURNMENT PROPOSAL.
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Overview
Forum is a blank check company incorporated as a Delaware corporation on November 17, 2016 and formed for the purpose of acquiring, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, recapitalization, exchangeable share transaction or other similar business transaction with one or more operating businesses or assets.
Significant Activities Since Inception
The registration statement for the Forum IPO was declared effective on April 6, 2017. On April 12, 2017, Forum consummated its IPO of 15,000,000 Units, generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the Forum IPO, Forum consummated the sale of 555,000 Placement Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit in a private placement to the Sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $5,550,000. In addition, at the closing of the Forum IPO, Forum issued 150,000 Representative Shares to EBC, the underwriter for the Forum IPO and certain other related parties.
Following the closing of the Forum IPO on April 12, 2017, an amount of $151,500,000 ($10.10 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Forum IPO and the Placement Units was placed in the Trust Account and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the Investment Company Act), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by Forum meeting the conditions of paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(3) and (d)(4) of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by Forum, until the earlier of: (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.
On April 18, 2017, in connection with the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option in full, Forum consummated the sale of an additional 2,250,000 Units, and the sale of an additional 67,500 Placement Units at $10.00 per Unit, generating total gross proceeds of $23,175,000. In addition, Forum issued an additional 22,500 Representative Shares to the underwriters for no additional consideration. Following the closing of the Forum IPO, an additional $22,725,000 of net proceeds ($10.10 per Unit) was placed in the Trust Account, resulting in $174,225,000 ($10.10 per Unit) held in the Trust Account.
Effecting a Business Combination
Forum is not presently engaged in, and will not engage in, any operations until after the Business Combination. Forum intends to effect the Business Combination using cash held in the Trust Account and, if needed, funds from any additional private equity financings.
Selection of a Target Business and Structuring of the Initial Business Combination
Under Nasdaq rules, an initial business combination must occur with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value of at least 80% of our assets held in the Trust Account (excluding taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account count) at the time of the agreement to enter into the initial business combination. The fair market value of the target or targets will be determined by Forums board of directors based upon one or more standards generally accepted by the financial community, such as discounted cash flow valuation or value of comparable businesses. Subject to this requirement, Forums management has had virtually unrestricted flexibility in identifying and selecting one or more prospective target businesses, although Forum was not permitted to effectuate an initial business combination with another blank check company or a similar company with nominal operations. In any case, Forum determined that it would only complete an initial business combination in which it acquired 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or were otherwise not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act.
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Redemption Rights for Holders of Public Shares
Forum is providing its public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their Public Shares for cash equal to a pro rata share of the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to it to pay Forums franchise and income taxes, divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, upon the consummation of the Business Combination, subject to the limitations described herein. As of December 31, 2017, the amount in the Trust Account is approximately $10.15 per Public Share. The Sponsor, officers and directors have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Founders Shares and any Public Shares they may hold in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination. The Founders Shares will be excluded from the pro rata calculation used to determine the per-share redemption price.
The Sponsor, Forums officers and directors and EBC have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any capital stock they may hold in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination. The Founders Shares will be excluded from the pro rata calculation used to determine the per-share redemption price.
Holders of outstanding Units must separate the underlying Public Shares, Public Rights and Public Warrants prior to exercising redemption rights with respect to the Public Shares. For more information about how to separate the underlying Public Shares from Units, see the section titled The Business Combination ProposalRedemption Rights .
Submission of Our Initial Business Combination to a Stockholder Vote
Forum is providing its public stockholders with redemption rights upon consummation of the Business Combination. Public stockholders electing to exercise their redemption rights will be entitled to receive the cash amount specified above, provided that such stockholders follow the specific procedures for redemption set forth in this proxy statement/prospectus relating to the stockholder vote on a Business Combination. Unlike many other blank check companies, Forums public stockholders are not required to affirmatively vote for or against the Business Combination in order to exercise their redemption rights. If the Business Combination is not completed, then public stockholders electing to exercise their redemption rights will not be entitled to receive such payments.
The holders of the Founders Shares and shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units have agreed to vote such Common Stock owned by them in favor of the Business Combination. In addition, the Sponsor, Forums officers and directors and EBC have agreed to waive their redemption rights with respect to any capital stock they may hold in connection with the consummation of the Business Combination.
Limitation on Redemption Rights
Notwithstanding the foregoing, Forums charter provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a group (as defined under Section 13 of the Exchange Act), will be restricted from seeking redemptions with respect to more than 20% of the shares sold in the Forum IPO.
Employees
Forum has three executive officers. These individuals are not obligated to devote any specific number of hours to our matters but they intend to devote as much of their time as they deem necessary to Forums affairs until Forum has completed its initial business combination. The amount of time they devote in any time period varies based on the stage of the business combination process Forum is in. Forum does not intend to have any full time employees prior to the consummation of an initial business combination.
Facilities
Forum maintains its principal executive offices at 135 East 57 th Street, 8 th Floor, New York, New York 10022. The cost for this space is included in the $10,000 per-month aggregate fee an affiliate of the Sponsor
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charges Forum for general and administrative services commencing on April 6, 2017 pursuant to a letter agreement between Forum and an affiliate of the Sponsor. Forum believes, based on rents and fees for similar services in the New York area, that the fee charged by the Sponsor is at least as favorable as Forum could have obtained from an unaffiliated person.
Legal Proceedings
To the knowledge of Forums management, there are no legal proceedings pending against Forum.
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Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this section to we, our, us and other similar terms refer to Forum and its consolidated subsidiaries before the Business Combination.
Directors and Executive Officers
The directors and executive officers of Forum are as follows as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus:
Name |
Age |
Position |
||||
Stephen A, Vogel |
68 | Executive Chairman and Director (Class two) | ||||
Marshall Kiev |
49 | Co-Chief Executive Officer, President and Director (Class two) | ||||
David Boris |
57 | Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and Director (Class two) | ||||
Jerry Elliott |
57 | Director (Class one) | ||||
Neil Goldberg |
64 | Director (Class one) | ||||
Richard Katzman |
60 | Director (Class one) | ||||
Steven Berns |
53 | Director (Class one) |
Stephen A. Vogel has been our Executive Chairman since December 2016 and is a director on our board of directors. Mr. Vogel has over 40 years of operating and private equity experience. He has served as General Partner of Vogel Partners, LLP, a private investment firm, since 1996. Mr. Vogel began his career in 1971 as President, CEO and Co-Founder of Synergy Gas Corp., a retail propane distribution company. During his 25-year tenure, Mr. Vogel grew Synergy to more than 250,000 customers, 2,700 employees and more than $300 million in annual revenue. Synergy Gas Corp. successfully completed 50 acquisitions during this time and increased its distribution base to 330 retail locations. After selling Synergy Gas Corp. to Northwestern Corp. in 1995, Mr. Vogel co-founded EntreCapital Partners, a private equity firm that focused on companies facing operational or management challenges, and served until 1999. Additionally, he was a venture partner at EnerTech Capital Partners, an energy focused venture capital firm, from 1999 to 2002, and an operating partner at Tri-Artisan Capital Partners, LLC, an investment bank, from 2004 to 2006. Mr. Vogel also served as CEO of Grameen America, a not-for-profit organization that provides microloans to low-income borrowers in the United States, from 2008 to 2013. He was on the board of Netspend (NASDAQ: NTSP), a leader for prepaid stored value platforms, from 2011 to 2013. Mr. Vogel was a member of the Board of Trustees at Montefiore Medical Center and Childrens Hospital for over 20 years and served on the Board of Trustees at Lighthouse International, a non-profit organization. Mr. Vogel is a past Trustee of the Horace Mann School and previously served on the Board of Directors of the National Propane Gas Association. Mr. Vogel received a BS degree from Syracuse University School of Management. We believe Mr. Vogel is well-qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors due to his extensive business experience in strategic planning and corporate development as well as his vast operational experience.
Marshall Kiev has been our Co-Chief Executive Officer and President since inception and is a director on our board of directors. He has over 25 years of alternative investing experience. He has been the President and Founder of MK Capital Partners, a private investment firm, since 2016. The firms primary investment strategies include direct private equity, growth equity and venture capital. Mr. Kiev was previously a Director of Cohen Private Ventures (CPV), from 2013 to 2016. CPV is a family office investing long-term capital in direct private investments and other opportunistic transactions. Prior to his position with CPV, Mr. Kiev was Chief of Staff at S.A.C. Capital Advisors, an investment firm, from 2010 to 2013. Prior to joining S.A.C., Mr. Kiev was President of Alternative Investments at Family Management Corporation, a multi-family office, from 2007 to 2009, where he oversaw a portfolio of investments in hedge funds and private equity funds. Previously, Mr. Kiev was a Partner at Main Street Resources, a middle-market private equity firm, from 2000 to 2007. He began his career in 1989 at Family Management Corporation where he held a variety of roles over more than a decade. Mr. Kiev is an active member of the Young Presidents Organization and a former member of the Deans
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Council at Weill Cornell Medical College. Mr. Kiev received an MBA degree from the Stern School of Business at New York University and a BA degree also from New York University. We believe Mr. Kiev is well-qualified to serve as a member of our board of directors due to his extensive financial experience as well as his asset management experience.
David Boris has been our Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer since inception and is a director on our board of directors. He has over 30 years of Wall Street experience in mergers and corporate finance and has been involved in 13 SPAC transactions as an advisor, investment banker and/or board member, including nine business combinations totaling over $3.4 billion. Mr. Boris has been a Director of Pacific Special Acquisition Corp., a SPAC formed by one of the leading independent investment banks in China, since July 2015. In addition, he served as advisor to Limbach Holdings in connection with its merger with 1347 Capital Corp., a SPAC, from 2015 to 2016. From November 2010 to May 2013, Mr. Boris served as Chairman of Primcogent Solutions LLC, leading the board during the period of the companys preparation to seek reorganization by way of a voluntary bankruptcy petition, which was filed in 2013. Mr. Boris served as a director of Trio Merger Corp., a SPAC, from its inception through its business combination with SAExploration. Mr. Boris served as Senior Managing Director and Head of Investment Banking at Pali Capital, Inc., an investment banking firm, from 2007 to 2010, and was a founding member and Managing Director of Morgan Joseph & Co. Inc., an investment banking firm, from 2001 to 2007, where he was head of both the Financial Sponsors and Media Groups. Mr. Boris served as President of Ladenburg Thalmann Group Inc. from 1999 to 2000, and was also Executive Vice President and Head of Investment Banking at Ladenburg Thalmann & Co. Inc. from 1998 to 2000. In addition, he was a co-founder, director, and a principal stockholder of Brenner Securities Corporation and its successors. Prior to Brenner, Mr. Boris was at Oppenheimer & Company, as a Senior Vice President and Limited Partner. Mr. Boris began his career as a member of the Business Development Group of W.R. Grace & Company, from 1984 to 1985. He is an active member of the Young Presidents Organization. Mr. Boris received a M.B.A. from Columbia University Business School and a B.A. from Vassar College, cum laude. We believe Mr. Boris is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his wide range of experience in capital market activities as well as his activities in special purpose acquisition companies and asset management.
Jerry Elliott is one of our directors on our board of directors. He has 25 years of experience with companies in the internet infrastructure, wireless infrastructure, wireless services, and broadband services sectors. He has been the CEO, President, COO, and CFO of both private equity owned and public companies. Since January 2017, Mr. Elliott has been the Chief Executive Officer of BAI Communications-US, which builds, owns and operates fiber and wireless infrastructure. Mr. Elliott served from 2015 to 2016 as the President and Chief Executive Officer of J5 Infrastructure Partners, which provides site deployment, design, engineering, and installation services to the largest telecommunications and infrastructure companies in the U.S. Previously, from 2012 to 2014, he was President of Cricket Wireless, which was acquired in 2014 by AT&T for $4.1 billion. From 2006 to 2007, Mr. Elliott was President and CEO of Global Signal, which owned 11,000 cell towers throughout the U.S. and was acquired by Crown Castle in 2007 for $5.7 billion. He also has been the President of Frontier Communications (NYSE: FTR), a provider of commercial and residential broadband services, and CFO of Virgin Media, the largest provider of internet, video and wireless services in the U.K. Mr. Elliott began his career in the industry in 1996 as a Managing Director in the Media and Communications investment banking group at Morgan Stanley. Mr. Elliott has served on the Board of Directors of several companies in the technology, media, and telecommunications industries including Transit Wireless, Global Signal, Tekelec, Super Media, Suncom Wireless, Ntelos, Frontier Communications, SpineWave, and Caribe Media. He is an Adjunct Professor of Management at the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. Mr. Elliott received an LL.M. in tax law from New York University and received a B.B.A. in both finance and accounting and a J.D. degree from Baylor University. We believe Mr. Elliott is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his experience in finance and industry.
Neil Goldberg is one of our directors on our board of directors. He has 44 years of retailing, merchandising, general management and real estate experience. Mr. Goldberg has served as President and CEO of Raymour and Flannigan Furniture and Holdings, one of the largest furniture retailers in the United States, since 1972. He has
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lead the growth of Raymour and Flannigan from three local stores to its current 106 locations across seven Northeast states employing more than 4,700 people. In addition, Mr. Goldberg has been active on numerous national industry boards including the National Home Furnishing Association, the Home Furnishing Council, the American Furniture Hall of Fame and FurnitureFan.com. He has also participated on the board of local and national charitable organizations including the HSBC Bank Regional Board, the Metropolitan Development Association, Say Yes to Education, the Salvation Army of Central New York and the Syracuse University School of Management. Mr. Goldberg has been honored for his work as a recipient of the Ernst and Young Entrepreneur of the Year, the City of Hope Spirit of Life Award and the Anti-Defamation League American Heritage Award. Mr. Goldberg received a B.S. in accounting from the Syracuse University School of Management. We believe Mr. Goldberg is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his experience in operations and real estate.
Richard Katzman is one of our directors on our board of directors. He is a private investor in early stage companies and a member of the New York Angels investing group, advising and investing in over two dozen startups. He is also an Executive Director and board member of The Noodle Companies, a group of early stage ventures seeking to increase transparency and efficiency in education, based in New York City. Mr. Katzman was President, Chairman & CEO of Kaz, Incorporated, a multinational consumer appliance company, from 1987 until its sale in December 2010. Kazs products include humidifiers, vaporizers, digital thermometers, hot/cold therapy, heaters, fans, and air cleaners. Under his leadership, the company grew from $4 million in annual sales to $500 million by expanding its product offerings, developing international distribution, and pioneering brand extension licensing with global power brands Vicks, Honeywell and Braun. Mr. Katzman also co-founded Terra Firma Software, a provider of enterprise solutions and an early developer of Macintosh applications, in 1982. Mr. Katzman is a board member of Brown Universitys Entrepreneurship Program, was Executive in Residence for the first cohort of the IE-Brown Executive MBA program in 2011-12 and has been a judge in several business plan competitions. Mr. Katzman was a board member of Princeton Review from its founding in 1982 until 2012, currently serves on the boards of Hudson Opera House, Bards Creative Council, and Generation Citizen, and was a trustee of Columbia Memorial Hospital in Hudson, NY. He is also a member of the Young Presidents Organization. Mr. Katzman graduated with an A.B. from Brown University and attended the Singularity University Executive Program. We believe Mr. Katzman is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to his experience in finance and operations.
Steven Berns is one of our directors on our board of directors. He has more than 30 years of senior management, financial and operating experience in public companies. He has been Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Shutterstock, Inc. (NYSE: SSTK), a leading global provider of high-quality licensed photographs, vectors, illustrations, videos and music to businesses, marketing agencies and media organizations around the world, since September 2015. From July 2013 through August 2015, Mr. Berns served as Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Tribune Media (formerly Tribune Company), one of the countrys leading multimedia companies, operating businesses in broadcasting, publishing and digital. Prior to that time, Mr. Berns was the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Revlon, Inc. (NYSE: REV), a worldwide cosmetics and beauty products company, from May 2009 to July 2013. Prior to that time, Mr. Berns was Chief Financial Officer of Tradeweb, LLC, a leading over-the-counter, multi-asset class online marketplace, and a pioneer in the development of electronic trading and trade processing, since November 2007. From November 2005 until July 2007, Mr. Berns served as President, Chief Financial Officer and Director of MDC Partners Inc. (NASDAQ: MDCA) and from September 2004 to November 2005, Mr. Berns served as Vice Chairman and Executive Vice President of MDC Partners. Prior to that, Mr. Berns was the Senior Vice President and Treasurer of Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc., (NYSE: IPG) an organization of advertising agencies and marketing services companies from August 1999 until September 2004. Before that, Mr. Berns held a variety of positions in finance at Revlon, Inc. from April 1992 until August 1999, becoming Vice President and Treasurer in 1996. Prior to joining Revlon in 1992, Mr. Berns worked at Paramount Communications Inc. and at a predecessor public accounting firm of Deloitte & Touche. Mr. Berns is a Certified Public Accountant. Mr. Berns served as a Director and Chairman of the Audit Committee of Shutterstock, Inc. from 2012 through July 2015. He served as a Director and member of the Audit and Compensation Committees for LivePerson, Inc.
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(NASDAQ: LPSN) from April 2002 until June 2011. Mr. Berns received a B.S. from Lehigh University and an M.B.A. from the Stern School of Business at New York University. We believe Mr. Berns is well-qualified to serve as a member of the board due to experience in finance and operations.
Number and Terms of Office of Officers and Directors
Forums board of directors is divided into two classes with only one class of directors being elected in each year and each class (except for those directors appointed prior to its first annual meeting of stockholders) serving a two-year term. The term of office of the first class of directors, consisting of Messrs. Boris, Kiev and Vogel, will expire at Forums first annual meeting of stockholders. The term of office of the second class of directors, consisting of Messrs. Elliott, Goldberg, Katzman and Berns, will expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders. Forum does not currently intend to hold an annual meeting of stockholders until after it consummates its initial Business Combination (unless it does not consummate its initial Business Combination prior to April 12, 2019, in which case NASDAQ rules require that Forum hold an annual meeting prior to April 12, 2019).
Forums officers are elected by the board of directors and serve at the discretion of the board of directors, rather than for specific terms of office. Forums board of directors is authorized to appoint persons to the offices set forth in Forums bylaws as it deems appropriate. Forums bylaws provide that its officers may consist of a Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Secretary and such other offices as may be determined by the board of directors.
Stockholder Communications
Stockholders who wish to communicate directly with Forums board of directors, or any individual director, should direct questions in writing to Forums Corporate Secretary, Former Merger Corporation, c/o Forum Investors I, LLC, 135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor, New York, New York 10022. The mailing envelope must contain a clear notation indicating that the enclosed letter is a Board Communication or Director Communication. All such letters must identify the author and clearly state whether the intended recipients are all members of the board of directors or just certain specified individual directors. The Corporate Secretary will make copies of all such letters and circulate them to the appropriate director or directors.
Director Independence
NASDAQ listing standards require that a majority of Forums board of directors be independent. An independent director is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship which in the opinion of Forums board of directors, would interfere with the directors exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Each of Messrs. Berns, Elliott, Goldberg and Katzman is considered an independent director under the Nasdaq listing rules, which is defined generally as a person other than an officer or employee of the company or its subsidiaries or any other individual having a relationship, which, in the opinion of the companys board of directors would interfere with the directors exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities of a director.
Forums independent directors have regularly scheduled meetings at which only independent directors are present.
Board Leadership Structure and Role in Risk Oversight
Forums board of directors recognizes that the leadership structure and combination or separation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman roles is driven by the needs of Forum at any point in time. As a result, no policy exists requiring combination or separation of leadership roles and Forums governing documents do not mandate a particular structure. This has allowed Forums board of directors the flexibility to establish the most appropriate structure for Forum at any given time.
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Forums board of directors is actively involved in overseeing Forums risk management processes. Forums board of directors focuses on its general risk management strategy and ensures that appropriate risk mitigation strategies are implemented by management. Further, operational and strategic presentations by management to Forums board of directors include consideration of the challenges and risks of Forums businesses, and Forums board of directors and management actively engage in discussion on these topics. In addition, each of Forums board of directors committees considers risk within its area of responsibility. For example, Forums Audit Committee provides oversight to legal and compliance matters and assesses the adequacy of Forums risk-related internal controls. Forums Compensation Committee considers risk and structures the Companys executive compensation programs, if any, to provide incentives to reward appropriately executives for growth without undue risk taking.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
None of Forums executive officers currently serves, and in the past year has not served, as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on Forums board of directors.
Executive Compensation
No Forum executive officer has received any cash compensation for services rendered to Forum. Commencing on the April 6, 2017 through the acquisition of a target business, Forum will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor an aggregate fee of $10,000 per month for providing Forum with office space and certain office and secretarial services. However, this arrangement is solely for our benefit and is not intended to provide Forums executive officers or directors compensation in lieu of a salary.
Other than the $10,000 per month administrative fee and the repayment of any loans made by the Sponsor to Forum, no compensation or fees of any kind, including finders, consulting fees and other similar fees, will be paid to the Sponsor, members of Forums management team or their respective affiliates, for services rendered prior to or in connection with the consummation of Forums initial business combination (regardless of the type of transaction that it is). However, they will receive repayment of any loans from the Sponsor, officers and directors for working capital purposes and reimbursement for any out-of-pocket expenses incurred by them in connection with activities on Forums behalf, such as identifying potential target businesses, performing business due diligence on suitable target businesses and business combinations as well as traveling to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses to examine their operations. There is no limit on the amount of out-of-pocket expenses reimbursable by Forum.
After Forums initial business combination, members of Forums management team who remain with Forum may be paid consulting, management or other fees from the Combined Entity with any and all amounts being fully disclosed to stockholders, to the extent then known, in the proxy solicitation materials furnished to our stockholders. It is unlikely the amount of such compensation will be known at the time of a stockholder meeting held to consider an initial business combination, as it will be up to the directors of the post-combination business to determine executive and director compensation. In this event, such compensation will be publicly disclosed at the time of its determination in a Current Report on Form 8-K, as required by the SEC.
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SELECTED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF FORUM
Forum is providing the following selected historical financial information to assist you in your analysis of the financial aspects of the Business Combination.
Forums balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 and statement of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 are derived from Forums unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. Forums balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and statement of operations data for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 are derived from Forums audited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 and statement of income data for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 are derived from C1s unaudited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and statement of income data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are derived from C1s audited financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The historical results presented below are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period. You should read the following selected financial information in conjunction with each of C1s and Forums consolidated financial statements and related notes and the sections titled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1 , and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of Forum contained elsewhere herein.
Nine Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
For the
Period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016 |
|||||||
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts) |
||||||||
Statements of Operations Data: |
||||||||
Revenue |
$ | | $ | | ||||
Loss from operations |
(235) | (2) | ||||||
Interest income |
732 | | ||||||
Unrealized gain |
7 | | ||||||
Net income (loss) |
335 | (2) | ||||||
Basic and diluted net loss per share |
(0.04) | (0.00) | ||||||
Weighted average shares outstanding excluding shares subject to possible redemptionbasic and diluted |
4,864,925 | 3,750,000 |
As of
September 30, 2017 |
As of
December 31, 2016 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||
Working capital |
$ | 191 | $ | 9 | ||||
Trust account |
174,965 | | ||||||
Total assets |
175,380 | 38 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
224 | 16 | ||||||
Value of common stock subject to redemption |
170,156 | | ||||||
Shareholders equity |
5,000 | 23 |
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF RESULTS OF FINANCIAL
CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF FORUM
The following discussion of Forums financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with Forums consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please see Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements and Risk Factors in this proxy statement/prospectus. Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, references in this section to we, our, us and other similar terms refer to Forum and its consolidated subsidiaries before the Business Combination.
Overview
We are a blank check company incorporated on November 17, 2016 in Delaware and formed for the purpose of entering into a merger, share exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, recapitalization, reorganization or other similar business combination with one or more target businesses. We intend to effectuate our Business Combination using cash from the proceeds of our Initial Public Offering and the sale of Placement Units that occurred simultaneously with the completion of our Initial Public Offering, our capital stock, debt or a combination of cash, stock and debt.
The issuance of additional shares of Common Stock or preferred stock:
| may significantly reduce the equity interest of our stockholders; |
| may subordinate the rights of holders of shares of Common Stock if we issue shares of preferred stock with rights senior to those afforded to our shares of Common Stock; |
| will likely cause a change in control if a substantial number of our shares of Common Stock are issued, which may affect, among other things, our ability to use our net operating loss carry forwards, if any, and most likely will also result in the resignation or removal of our present officers and directors; and |
| may adversely affect prevailing market prices for our securities. |
Similarly, if we issue debt securities, it could result in:
| default and foreclosure on our assets if our operating revenues after a Business Combination are insufficient to pay our debt obligations; |
| acceleration of our obligations to repay the indebtedness even if we have made all principal and interest payments when due if the debt security contains covenants that required the maintenance of certain financial ratios or reserves and we breach any such covenant without a waiver or renegotiation of that covenant; |
| our immediate payment of all principal and accrued interest, if any, if the debt security is payable on demand; and |
| our inability to obtain additional financing, if necessary, if the debt security contains covenants restricting our ability to obtain additional financing while such security is outstanding. |
We expect to continue to incur significant costs in the pursuit of our acquisition plans. We cannot assure you that our plans to raise capital or to complete a Business Combination will be successful.
Results of Operations
We neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues during the for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) to December 31, 2016. Our entire activity since inception was to prepare for our proposed fundraising through an offering of our equity securities.
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We neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues during the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Our only activities from inception to September 30, 2017 were organizational activities and those necessary to consummate the Initial Public Offering, described below, and identifying a target company for a Business Combination. Following the Initial Public Offering, we do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our Business Combination. We expect to generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on cash and marketable securities held after the Initial Public Offering, which we expect to be insignificant in view of the currently low interest rates on risk-free investments. There has been no significant change in our financial position and no material adverse change has occurred since the date of our audited financial statements included in our registration statement for the Initial Public Offering. We expect to incur increased expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses.
For the three months ended September 30, 2017, we had net income of $238,634, which consists of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $405,853 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account of $56,174, offset by operating costs of $104,290 and a provision for income taxes of $119,103.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, we had net income of $335,550, which consists of interest income on marketable securities held in the Trust Account $732,299 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account $7,435, offset by operating costs of $235,155, and a provision for income taxes of $169,029.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
On April 12, 2017, we consummated the Initial Public Offering of 15,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000. Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, we consummated the sale of 555,000 Private Units to our Sponsor at a price of $10.00 per Unit, generating gross proceeds of $5,550,000.
On April 18, 2017, in connection with the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option in full, we consummated the sale of an additional 2,250,000 Units and the sale of an additional 67,500 Placement Units at $10.00 per Unit, generating total gross proceeds of $23,175,000.
Following the Initial Public Offering and the exercise of the over-allotment option, a total of $174,225,000 was placed in the Trust Account. We incurred $3,927,424 in Initial Public Offering related costs, including $3,450,000 of underwriting fees and $477,424 of Initial Public Offering costs.
As of September 30, 2017, we had cash of $337,067 held outside the Trust Account, which is available for use by us to cover the costs associated with identifying a target business, negotiating a Business Combination, due diligence procedures and other general corporate uses. In addition, as of September 30, 2017, we had accounts payable and accrued expenses of $52,549.
As of September 30, 2017, we had cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $174,964,734 (including approximately $740,000 of interest income) consisting of U.S. treasury bills with a maturity of 180 days or less. Interest income on the balance in the Trust Account may be used by us to pay taxes and up to $100,000 of dissolution expenses. Through September 30, 2017, we did not withdraw any funds from the interest earned on the Trust Account.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, cash used in operating activities was $262,471, consisting primarily of net income of $335,550, interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $732,299 and an unrealized gain on marketable securities held in our Trust Account of $7,435. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $141,713 of cash from operating activities.
We intend to use substantially all of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering, including the funds held in the Trust Account, to acquire a target business or businesses and to pay our expenses relating thereto. To the
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extent that our capital stock or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our Business Combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies.
We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, and structure, negotiate and complete a Business Combination.
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, our Sponsor or certain of our officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan us funds as may be required. If we complete a Business Combination, we would repay such loaned amounts out of the proceeds of the Trust Account released to us. In the event that a Business Combination does not close, we may use a portion of the working capital held outside the Trust Account to repay such loaned amounts but no proceeds from our Trust Account would be used to repay such loaned amounts. Up to $1,500,000 of such loans may be convertible into Units of the post business combination entity at a price of $10.00 per Unit at the option of the lender. Such Units would be identical to the Placement Units. The terms of such loans, if any, have not been determined and no written agreements exist with respect to such loans.
We do not believe we will need to raise additional funds in order to meet the expenditures required for operating our business. However, if our estimate of the costs of identifying a target business, undertaking in-depth due diligence and negotiating a Business Combination are less than the actual amounts necessary to do so, we may have insufficient funds available to operate our business prior to our Business Combination. Moreover, we may need to obtain additional financing either to complete our Business Combination or because we become obligated to redeem a significant number of our Common Stock upon completion of our Business Combination, in which case we may issue additional securities or incur debt in connection with such Business Combination. Subject to compliance with applicable securities laws, we would only complete such financing simultaneously with the completion of our Business Combination. If we are unable to complete our Business Combination because we do not have sufficient funds available to us, we will be forced to cease operations and liquidate the Trust Account. In addition, following our Business Combination, if cash on hand is insufficient, we may need to obtain additional financing in order to meet our obligations.
Off-balance Sheet Financing Arrangements
We have no obligations, assets or liabilities which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements. We do not participate in transactions that create relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, often referred to as variable interest entities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet financing arrangements, established any special purpose entities, guaranteed any debt or commitments of other entities, or purchased any non-financial assets.
Contractual Obligations
We do not have any long-term debt, capital lease obligations, operating lease obligations or long-term liabilities, other than an agreement to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and administrative support provided to the Company. We began incurring these fees on April 7, 2017 and will continue to incur these fees monthly until the earlier of the completion of the Business Combination and the Companys liquidation.
Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ( GAAP ) requires management to make estimates and
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assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Actual results could materially differ from those estimates. The Company has not identified any critical accounting policies.
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
All activity through September 30, 2017 relates to our formation and our IPO and identifying a target company for a business combination. We did not have any financial instruments that were exposed to market risks at September 30, 2017.
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References in this section to ConvergeOne or C1 refers to C1 Investment Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
ConvergeOne
ConvergeOne is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. ConvergeOne serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. Approximately 46% of its total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. ConvergeOnes deep technical expertise enables it to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. ConvergeOne served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, ConvergeOne served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017.
Through its leading professional services capabilities, ConvergeOne designs thousands of solutions each year across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security, each of which is complemented by its industry-leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services. Managed, cloud, and maintenance services typically have multi-year contractual terms with high renewal rates and accounted for 29% of its total revenue in 2016. Through ConvergeOnes relationships with more than 300 leading and next-generation technology partners, its engineers deliver optimal services and solutions to clients regardless of their existing infrastructure.
Collaboration technology is essential to modern business, enabling workforce mobility and driving globalization through connectivity across any device. Collaboration solutions create significant competitive advantages through enhanced productivity, innovative ways of working together, and omni-channel customer engagement models. With its more than 20-year focus on collaboration solutions, ConvergeOne believes it will benefit from the rapid growth of this market. ConvergeOne derived approximately 68% of its total revenue in 2016 from services and technology offerings in the collaboration market.
ConvergeOne believes it is well positioned to capture opportunities resulting from major IT trends. As a result of the increased demand for software-centric and multi-vendor solutions, the process of designing, integrating, and managing these solutions has become significantly more complex. At the same time, businesses are seeking to adopt technologies across a range of delivery methods as they increasingly migrate their infrastructure to the cloud. Enterprises are looking to IT service providers that have the technical expertise and relationships with leading technology partners to deliver these new technologies across any consumption model.
ConvergeOnes technical expertise and client-centric culture have led to long-standing and expanding client relationships. With more than 1,300 highly skilled engineers and consulting professionals and approximately 330 sales professionals, ConvergeOne is able to deliver customized services and technology offerings to address the specific needs of its clients. Additionally, among its top 100 clients based on 2017 revenue, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions, ConvergeOne has an average tenure of more than nine years. ConvergeOne generated 91% and 93% of its total revenue in 2016 and 2017, respectively, from clients it served in a prior year, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions.
ConvergeOnes services-driven approach has generated industry-leading customer satisfaction rates. According to a third-party conducted survey, ConvergeOnes Net Promoter Score, or NPS, of 61 in 2016 was more than twice the technology vendor industry average of 30. NPS is a commonly used industry measure of customers overall satisfaction. ConvergeOnes NPS highlights its ability to differentiate itself from competitors through its overall quality of service and technical expertise. Additionally, in this survey 86% of its clients indicated that they are highly likely to recommend it to other businesses and organizations.
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During 2016 and 2017, ConvergeOne served over 3,700 and 7,200 clients, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. ConvergeOnes client base is diversified across large and medium enterprises and across industry verticals. In 2016, ConvergeOnes top 10 and top 25 clients accounted for 17% and 29% of total revenue, respectively, and its largest client represented approximately 4% of total revenue. In 2017, ConvergeOnes top 10 and top 25 clients accounted for 10% and 16% of total revenue, respectively, and its largest client represented approximately 2% of total revenue. ConvergeOnes top 100 clients accounted for 54% and 29% of its total revenue in 2016 and 2017, respectively.
ConvergeOnes Market
ConvergeOne participates in a rapidly evolving IT market, which has been driven by numerous technological advancements, including cloud, software-defined infrastructure, virtualization, security, mobility, data analytics, and IoT. These secular trends, along with a mobile and global workforce that expects constant connectivity, have resulted in the need for increasingly complex, distributed, and multi-vendor IT environments. Enterprises are increasingly seeking the assistance of IT service providers who have the expertise to consult, design, integrate, and manage their technology solutions and platforms.
According to ConvergeOnes analysis based on data from IDC- Blackbook , the global IT market is expected to grow from $3.4 trillion in 2016 to $4.0 trillion in 2021, representing a compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, of 3%. ConvergeOne primarily operates in the North American IT market, which, according to ConvergeOnes analysis based on data from IDC- Blackbook , is expected to grow from $1.2 trillion to $1.4 trillion, representing a CAGR of 3%.
ConvergeOne is focused on the high-growth collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security solutions markets. These markets are expected to grow in excess of the broader IT market given the pace of technological innovation, the need for enterprises to drive enhanced productivity within their workforce, and the shift from on-premise infrastructure to software-centric hosted and cloud solutions.
ConvergeOnes addressable markets are shown below on a global basis:
(1) | IDC- 2017 UC&C |
(2) | IDC- Network Infrastructure |
(3) | IDC- Cloud Services |
(4) | IDC- IT Security Products |
Collaboration
The collaboration market consists of both unified communications and customer engagement. Unified communications involves the integration of real-time enterprise communication services such as voice, email, presence, chat/text, video, conferencing technology, messaging, mobility, and bring your own device, or BYOD, to provide a consistent and unified user interface and experience across multiple devices and media types. Customer engagement is comprised of integrated customer relationship management and other self-service applications that enable businesses to connect with customers across any channel and to deliver consistent high-quality service utilizing monitoring, analytics, and workforce optimization capabilities.
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Illustrative unified communications environment
Illustrative customer engagement environment:
As illustrated above, the unified communications and customer engagement markets are highly complex and require the design, configuration, integration, implementation, and management of multiple, disparate technology systems and vendors to provide an interoperable solution with the full breadth of available features and functionality, and a best-in-class user experience. A customer engagement solution typically comprises products from numerous vendors and may have thousands of possible technology combinations.
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This need to integrate new IT solutions and business applications into existing IT infrastructure across multiple vendors and systems is driving increased demand for consulting-led solutions from collaboration services providers. As a result, enterprises are increasingly turning to IT service providers, like its company, to deliver, manage and maintain a fully integrated collaboration solution. IT service providers of collaboration, which offer solutions as part of a service or a cloud environment, are expected to have an advantage over legacy on-premise equipment vendors, according to IDC.
The underlying collaboration market is benefiting from several broader industry trends that are driving increased demand. The modern enterprises workforce is both more mobile and global, requiring advanced collaboration capabilities across a range of communication types and devices to drive productivity and improve collaboration both internally and externally. At the same time, enterprises are facing new challenges to effectively engage with their customers, who are demanding more personalized communication and utilizing new channels of engagement. Additionally, the growing complexity of multi-vendor, software-centric solutions is driving the need for advanced managed services.
ConvergeOne believes the collaboration market is in the early stages of the rise of cloud consumption, which is causing businesses to reconsider their deployment strategies for collaboration solutions. According to IDC, hosted and cloud revenue is expected to exceed on-premise revenue in the overall collaboration market in 2016. Businesses are replacing legacy communication systems with Internet-Protocol, or IP, technology that significantly enhances collaboration capabilities, reduces costs, and enables unified communications software applications. ConvergeOne believes this shift will also result in additional services opportunities as enterprises look to IT service providers to help them configure, provision, and manage their software applications in the cloud.
Based on ConvergeOnes analysis of IDC- 2017 UC&C , ConvergeOne estimates that the global collaboration market will grow from $30 billion in 2016 to $50 billion in 2021, representing a CAGR of 11%. IDC defines collaboration to include IP telephony, IP phones, videoconferencing systems, video as a service, hosted/cloud voice and unified communications, contact center infrastructure and software, mobile collaboration, and collaborative applications.
Within the broader collaboration market, hosted and cloud collaboration solutions are expected to grow the fastest because organizations are increasingly looking for scalable, flexible, and mobile friendly solutions while simultaneously seeking to reduce capital costs. Based on ConvergeOnes analysis of IDC- 2017 UC&C , ConvergeOne estimates that the hosted and cloud collaboration market will grow more than twice as fast as the on-premise market from 2016 to 2021, with hosted and cloud revenue at $16 billion in 2016 and projected to grow to $33 billion by 2021, representing a CAGR of 15%.
Enterprise Networking and Data Center
The increasing number of public, private, and hybrid cloud deployments is a key growth driver for enterprise networking and data center infrastructure technologies. From the supply-side, the infrastructure required to support cloud deployments necessitates upgraded hardware and ongoing maintenance of old platforms and technologies. At the same time, more business applications are delivered and accessed as a service via the cloud, driving demand for faster speeds and higher bandwidth capacity. For example, enterprises are increasingly utilizing the cloud to back up the vast amounts of data they are amassing from increasing regulatory requirements, business continuity needs, IoT, and big data initiatives, driving demand for additional storage and virtualization technology. These trends are forcing enterprises to refresh both their enterprise networking and data center equipment to meet the demands of a modern IT infrastructure. Based on ConvergeOnes analysis of IDC- Network Infrastructure , ConvergeOne estimates that the enterprise networking and data center market (including hardware systems and enterprise WLAN equipment) was $42 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $49 billion in 2021, representing a CAGR of 3%.
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Cloud
Over the past several years, demand for cloud deployments has grown as enterprises seek scalable, flexible, and cost-effective options for deploying their IT infrastructure. In a public cloud environment, the service provider supplies the necessary hardware and software infrastructure, and as a result, there is no need for an enterprise to provision or deploy its own resources or allocate IT staff to manage the service. In a private cloud environment, infrastructure is owned and operated by the enterprise or created and managed by a third party for the business exclusive use. A hybrid cloud offers some combination of a public and private cloud. Increasingly, enterprises are utilizing a multi-cloud, multi-vendor strategy, which is driving growth across all environments. Based on ConvergeOnes analysis of IDC- Cloud Services , ConvergeOne estimates that the global cloud infrastructure services and management market (IaaS and PaaS) was $31 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $82 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 27%.
Security
The increase in the number of connected devices and the increasing prevalence of cyberattacks in recent years has led to a heightened focus on information security for businesses of all sizes. As cyber security has become a mission-critical priority for IT organizations, increases in budgets have driven spending in the enterprise security market, as follows, based on C1s analysis of the indicated source:
| IDC- IT Security Products estimates that worldwide spending on information security was approximately $36 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to approximately $49 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 8%; |
| IDC- Network Security estimates that worldwide spending on network security was approximately $12 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $17 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 10%; |
| IDC- Access Management estimates that worldwide spending on identity and access management was approximately $6 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $7 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 6%; |
| IDC- Endpoint Security estimates that worldwide spending on endpoint security was approximately $9 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $10 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 4%; |
| IDC- Specialized Threat estimates that worldwide spending on specialized threat analysis and protection was approximately $2 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $3 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 20%; |
| IDC- Vulnerability Management estimates that worldwide spending on security and vulnerability management was approximately $5 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $9 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 14%; |
| IDC- Messaging Security estimates that worldwide spending on messaging security was approximately $2.0 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $2.1 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 2%; and |
| IDC- Web Security estimates that worldwide spending on web security was approximately $2 billion in 2016 and is projected to grow to $3 billion in 2020, representing a CAGR of 6%. |
Furthermore, given the complexity of vulnerability detection in todays dynamic threat landscape, enterprises are increasingly looking to IT service providers with the expertise and resources to design and manage their complex IT security infrastructure to help prevent costly breaches.
ConvergeOne believes it is well positioned within the markets in which it competes. ConvergeOne is a client-centric, services-driven organization with deep technical capabilities. ConvergeOne has a team of over 1,300 engineers and consulting professionals with the capability to consult, design, integrate, operate, and optimize its clients solutions in the face of increasing IT complexity. As these markets are highly fragmented,
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ConvergeOne also benefits from its scale, which it believes positions it well and will allow it to gain market share as well as expand sales with existing enterprise clients.
Competitive Strengths
Leading independent provider of services and solutions in the collaboration market
ConvergeOne is a leading independent provider of services and solutions in the collaboration market. In 2016, 68% of its total revenue came from its services and technology offerings in the collaboration market. ConvergeOnes collaboration clients typically require complex, multi-vendor solutions, which may have thousands of possible technology combinations. ConvergeOne can effectively deliver these solutions given its extensive services and engineering capabilities and strong relationships with more than 300 leading and next-generation technology vendors. ConvergeOnes more than 20-year focus on this market and its scale, deep domain expertise, and technical and consulting expertise differentiate it from other market participants and allow it to deliver leading collaboration solutions to its clients.
Attractive services-driven business model
Approximately 46% of ConvergeOnes total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed cloud, and maintenance services. ConvergeOne offers a comprehensive suite of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. In 2016, 29% of ConvergeOnes total revenue was derived from its managed, cloud, and maintenance services. Managed, cloud, and maintenance services in the collaboration market typically have multi-year contractual terms, with high renewal rates of approximately 90% in 2015, 2016, and 2017, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions.
The strength of ConvergeOnes services-driven business model is also demonstrated by the fact that 97% of its top 1,000 clients utilized its services in 2017, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions. ConvergeOnes top 1,000 clients accounted for greater than 90% of its total revenue in 2016.
ConvergeOnes technical expertise and client-centric culture have led to long-standing and expanding client relationships as evidenced by its top 100 clients having an average tenure of approximately nine years as of December 31, 2017, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions. ConvergeOne generated 91% and 93% of its total revenue in 2016 and 2017, respectively, from clients it served in a prior year, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions.
Flexible, scalable delivery model with leading managed and cloud service capabilities
ConvergeOne offers flexible delivery models, enabling its clients to consume its services and solutions on-premise or in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. ConvergeOnes on-premise solutions can either be managed by the client or by itself depending on specified need. ConvergeOne believes that its ability to deliver and manage complex multi-vendor solutions across environments and with end-to-end services ensures consistent system performance and ongoing client satisfaction.
ConvergeOne provides enterprise-grade, scalable managed and cloud services. As part of its managed and cloud services, ConvergeOne provides an extensive portfolio of incident avoidance offerings, including its proprietary OnGuard software. ConvergeOnes OnGuard software extends beyond traditional monitoring systems, which are focused on network and application monitoring, to include proactive, capacity, predictive, and preventative monitoring to ensure its clients systems are operating effectively. Additionally, ConvergeOne utilizes three state-of-the-art Network Operations Centers, or NOCs, which operate 24x7x365 and all of which are SOC 2 Type II compliant and one of which is also PCI compliant, enabling it to support approximately 1,350 clients and securely manage approximately three million end points over multiple time zones and geographies.
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Deep technological expertise and proprietary intellectual property to solve ConvergeOnes clients IT challenges
C1s highly skilled team of over 1,300 engineers and consulting professionals has the capabilities and skills necessary to address the complex IT needs of large and medium enterprises across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. ConvergeOnes dedicated team of engineers and consulting professionals has an average of seven years of experience with ConvergeOne.
ConvergeOne has been highly successful at identifying new technologies and have a long history of innovation, as evidenced by its C1 Cloud offering and the development of its own proprietary intellectual property. ConvergeOnes proprietary OnGuard software extends beyond traditional monitoring systems, which are focused on network and application monitoring, to include proactive, capacity, predictive, and preventative monitoring, to ensure its clients systems operate optimally. ConvergeOne believes this has been a key differentiator in attracting new clients and retaining existing clients. Additionally, within ConvergeOnes advanced solutions development team, it has developed custom applications for cloud connectors that tie into numerous business applications, including enterprise resource planning and customer relationship management, many of which help ConvergeOnes clients better engage with customers.
Long-standing and expanding enterprise client relationships
ConvergeOne served over 3,400, 3,700, 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016 and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, it served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. Excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions, the average tenure of its top 100 clients was more than nine years as of December 31, 2017, and it generated 91% and 93% of its total revenue during 2016 and 2017, respectively, from clients it served in a prior year, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions. ConvergeOne cultivated these long-standing relationships through its commitment to exceptional client service and strong technical expertise.
C1s client-centric approach has also helped drive industry leading customer satisfaction rates. According to a third-party conducted survey, its NPS of 61 for 2016 was more than twice the technology vendor industry average of 30. ConvergeOnes NPS highlights its ability to differentiate itself from competitors through its overall quality of service and technical expertise. Additionally, in these surveys, 86% of ConvergeOnes clients indicated that they are highly likely to recommend it to other businesses and organizations.
Differentiated culture fostering motivated and empowered employees to deliver outstanding service
ConvergeOne cultivates and support a dynamic culture that empowers and motivates its employees to deliver exceptional service to its clients. ConvergeOnes success in motivating and empowering its employees is evidenced by its high levels of customer satisfaction and employee retention rate. ConvergeOne is able to attract and retain its IT professionals through a development-focused work culture that has experienced a retention rate of approximately 90%, for engineers and consultants for 2015 and 2016. The consistency of ConvergeOnes workforce also contributes to its high client satisfaction rates relative to its industry peers. According to a third-party conducted survey, its NPS of 61 for 2016 was more than twice the technology vendor industry average of 30. ConvergeOnes NPS highlights its ability to differentiate itself from competitors through its overall quality of service and technical expertise.
Growth Strategies
Expand cloud and security services
Cloud and security are among the fastest growing and most complex IT markets. ConvergeOnes cloud and security businesses represent significant growth opportunities as it enhances its existing capabilities and further penetrates its client base. ConvergeOne provides cloud solutions to its clients in four distinct environments: (i) private cloud, (ii) C1 Cloud, (iii) hybrid cloud, and (iv) public cloud. ConvergeOne believes it is well positioned to help its clients with their cloud migration strategy given its technical expertise, service capabilities,
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and multi-vendor expertise. ConvergeOne provides end-to-end network and data security solutions to its clients that combine multiple trusted security technologies into a single platform. Additionally, ConvergeOne provides disaster recovery plans that support every level of its clients enterprise from before the event occurs all the way through to the aftermath.
Deepen existing client relationships
ConvergeOne believes it is well positioned to identify new opportunities or enhance existing services and solutions within its existing clients. In 2016, 68% of ConvergeOnes total revenue came from services and technology offerings in the collaboration market, and ConvergeOne believes there are additional opportunities to sell its services and solutions across its other core technology markets, including enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security, into its existing client base. In addition, ConvergeOne has the ability to further penetrate its existing client base with its managed, cloud, and maintenance services.
Develop new relationships to expand ConvergeOnes client base
ConvergeOne intends to continue to grow its client base by expanding its team of approximately 330 sales professionals. By leveraging ConvergeOne consulting and engineering capabilities and its deep understanding of the underlying technologies, it competes effectively for new clients. ConvergeOne is focused on building its brand to grow within its existing and target end markets where there is strong demand for the services and solutions it provides. In 2016 and 2017, ConvergeOne added 425 and 1,325 new clients, respectively, illustrating the strength of its sales organization and its ability to attract new clients.
Attract, develop, and retain skilled professionals
To support ConvergeOnes growth and maintain its competitive position as a leading IT services provider, ConvergeOnes plan to grow its highly skilled employee base. Today, ConvergeOne has over 1,300 engineers and consulting professionals and approximately 330 sales professionals with extensive technical expertise. These professionals enable ConvergeOne to use innovative pre-sales strategies, which utilize engineering and consulting expertise to help drive high-value services, and demonstrate competency in developing complex solutions for multi-vendor environments.
Continue to grow ConvergeOnes strong domestic footprint and expand internationally
ConvergeOne has a strong and growing presence in the United States and it believes there are significant opportunities for further domestic expansion. Globally, ConvergeOne supports approximately 150 multinational clients through its managed services capabilities and its global alliances. ConvergeOne believes there are multiple attractive market opportunities, both domestically and internationally. ConvergeOne will continue to opportunistically expand into new markets.
Add new capabilities and geographic regions through strategic acquisitions
ConvergeOne operates in a fragmented market that offers significant consolidation opportunities. Historically, ConvergeOne has been successful acquiring and integrating companies that have enhanced its offerings and ability to serve its clients. ConvergeOnes recent acquisitions of RGTS, Amese, SPS, and AOS in 2017 and of SIGMAnet, MSN, and Sunturn in 2015 demonstrate its commitment to this strategy and success in integrating acquired companies. ConvergeOne will continue to evaluate strategic acquisitions and partnerships that enhance its capabilities and expand its geographic footprint, both domestically and internationally.
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ConvergeOnes Services and Technology Offerings
ConvergeOne provides innovative services and complex, multi-vendor solutions to large and medium enterprises across a variety of delivery models through its dedicated team of over 1,300 highly skilled engineers and consulting professionals. ConvergeOne serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. Approximately 46% of ConvergeOnes total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. Through ConvergeOnes leading professional services capabilities, ConvergeOne designs thousands of solutions each year across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. ConvergeOnes technology offerings are complemented by its industry-leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services. ConvergeOnes deep technical expertise enables it to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. In 2017, excluding the impact of ConvergeOnes 2017 acquisitions, 97% of its top 1,000 clients utilized ConvergeOnes services.
* | Year ended December 31, 2016. |
ConvergeOnes Services
Approximately 46% of ConvergeOnes total revenue in 2016 was derived from its services offerings, which include professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services. ConvergeOne provides professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security.
Professional Services. Professional services involve the consultation, design, integration and implementation, application development, and program management of customized collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security offerings. Working with products acquired from over 100 of the
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worlds top technology vendors, its engineers are experts at architecting complex IT technology solutions to create custom-designed solutions to meet its clients needs. In 2016, 17% of ConvergeOnes total revenue was derived from professional services.
Managed, Cloud, and Maintenance Services. Managed, cloud, and maintenance services are contractual services, which typically have multi-year contractual terms and high renewal rates. In 2016, 29% of ConvergeOnes total revenue came from its managed, cloud, and maintenance services.
C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services include incident-based support, 24x7x365 remote monitoring, Level 3 engineer support, connectivity management, cloud management, parts management, and warranty management. ConvergeOne supports approximately 1,350 clients across approximately 9,600 locations in the United States and over 500 locations internationally. ConvergeOne manages approximately three million end points over multiple time zones and geographies. In addition, ConvergeOne provides third-party maintenance to its clients on behalf of its technology partners.
As part of ConvergeOnes managed services, it provides an extensive portfolio of incident avoidance offerings, including its proprietary OnGuard software. OnGuard extends beyond traditional monitoring systems, which are focused on network and application monitoring, to include proactive, capacity, predictive, and preventative monitoring to ensure ConvergeOnes clients systems are operating effectively. ConvergeOne believes this has been a key differentiator in attracting new clients and retaining existing clients. ConvergeOnes monitoring capabilities have also enabled its engineers to identify and quickly address potential issues, leading to an in-house resolution rate for service calls of over 98% for both 2015 and 2016, with less than 2% of calls requiring escalation to its technology partners.
As required by ConvergeOnes large and medium enterprise client base, ConvergeOnes managed services are designed to be secure and scalable. In May 2016, ConvergeOne successfully completed a SOC 2 Type II audit, validating its security, compliance, and safety-related controls and safeguards for hosting customer data.
ConvergeOne has the capabilities to provide its managed, cloud, and maintenance services on-premise or in private, C1 Cloud, hybrid, and public cloud environments based on the service and security needs of its clients, which differentiates it from other IT solution providers.
ConvergeOne believes it is well positioned to take advantage of the continued shift from on-premise to cloud as it can offer solutions across multiple delivery models.
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ConvergeOnes Technology Offerings
ConvergeOne provides technology offerings to its clients across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. In 2016, 54% of its total revenue came from its technology offerings.
ConvergeOne solves its clients complex IT challenges by providing enterprise grade solutions through its deep vendor relationships, comprehensive services, and national network of its more than 1,300 engineers and consulting professionals. ConvergeOne can deliver its technology offerings across a number of delivery models including on-premise, and in private, hybrid, and public clouds as well as its proprietary C1 Cloud, regardless of clients existing infrastructure, providing them with flexibility and optionality. Additionally, ConvergeOne can provide its offerings as a managed service.
ConvergeOnes deep technical expertise and end-to-end service capabilities differentiates it from other IT service providers and allows it to provide leading, multi-vendor solutions to solve its clients needs. It is ConvergeOnes deep services capabilities and technology expertise that have allowed it to create long-term, recurring client relationships. Across ConvergeOnes technology offerings it is focused on providing full lifecycle services to ensure the best solution is designed, implemented, maintained, and managed according to its clients unique business needs. ConvergeOne ensures client satisfaction and quality control through its continuous improvement methodology, which incorporates the highest standards in process and information management including lean six sigma, ITIL / ITSM, SOC2, PCI compliance, analytics, as well as other review, audit, and governance management processes.
Our Core Technology Markets
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Collaboration
ConvergeOnes collaboration services and technology offerings, which represented 68% of its total revenue in 2016, are primarily comprised of unified communications and customer engagement software. ConvergeOnes unified communications solutions focus on enabling communication anywhere on any device and its customer engagement applications focus on delivering a more personalized and omni-channel experience for its clients end customers. With ConvergeOnes more than 20-year focus on collaboration solutions, it believes it is well positioned to benefit from the growing complexity of collaboration solutions and the rapid growth of this market. ConvergeOne believes these offerings enhance its clients competitiveness, efficiency, and overall customer experience while also addressing the constantly evolving challenges they encounter in an increasingly mobile, global, and connected world.
ConvergeOne begins each client collaboration engagement with a thorough assessment of the business and system requirements. After identifying the best technology, which typically comprises products from more than ten partners and may have thousands of possible combinations, ConvergeOne implements, integrates, and optimizes the necessary network and data center infrastructure assets. As part of this process, ConvergeOne also integrates the new technology with existing enterprise applications, such as ERP and CRM systems, either through custom application development or cloud connectors. Once the offering is deployed, ConvergeOne would then provide ongoing maintenance, management, and optimization services to ensure the solution meets its clients needs.
Unified Communications
ConvergeOnes unified communications solutions improve its clients collaboration inside and outside their business, as well as enhance customer satisfaction with faster response and service delivery. Select capabilities include:
| ConvergeOnes communications applications primarily consist of voice, email, presence, chat / text, and video technologies. |
| ConvergeOnes messaging solutions offer comprehensive voice and text messaging capabilities including single mailbox access across any device, visual voicemail, email, text to speech, and notification among others. |
| ConvergeOnes mobility and BYOD solutions technology allow for business continuity with the seamless connection of mobile, landline, cellular, and Wi-Fi enabled devices and makes it easy for its clients employees to use their devices as extensions of their enterprise network. |
| ConvergeOnes conferencing solutions support a broad range of conferencing methods from high definition room systems and desktop, mobile, and tablet-based video conferencing solutions to streaming and recording as well as security services. |
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Additionally, ConvergeOnes software integration expertise spans across traditional communication applications and custom-built applications that have been tailored to meet the specific business needs of its clients. These applications include all forms of enterprise communication, messaging and collaboration.
Customer Engagement
ConvergeOnes customer engagement solutions enable its clients to deliver their end customers a more personalized experience by enabling communication across any channel, tracking, and analyzing critical business information, monitoring social media while still optimizing their own internal resources. Select capabilities include:
| ConvergeOnes omni-channel solutions enable its clients to operate efficiently across channels including inbound client-assisted or self-service voice in addition to a host of non-voice options such as email, text, chat, and social media. |
| ConvergeOnes self-service Interactive Voice Recognition, or IVR, and advanced routing solutions provide its clients with the technology they need to quickly address or route questions to the best available solution, either agent or automated tool. |
| ConvergeOnes social media solutions provide its clients with the necessary social media monitoring, marketing, and analytics applications to enhance client interactions and experience. |
| ConvergeOnes remote agent solutions enable its clients remote workforce to effectively collaborate with their clients across all channels including voice, email, video, text, and chat. |
| ConvergeOnes end-to-end business intelligence and analytics solutions enable its clients to track, integrate, and analyze customer information to personalize responses and offerings to their end customers. |
| ConvergeOnes workforce optimization solutions provide applications that allow client service teams to provide the right level of support and to measure performance based on detailed analytics. |
| ConvergeOnes integration software and cloud connector solutions allow the coordination and integration between disparate systems. |
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud, and Security
In addition to collaboration, ConvergeOne provides services and technology offerings to its clients across enterprise networking, data center, cloud and security, which in aggregate represented 32% of its total revenue in 2016.
Enterprise Networking
ConvergeOnes enterprise networking technology solutions ensure that its clients have access to cost-effective and innovative networking options, including Network Function Virtualization, or NFV, and Software Defined Networking, or SDN, as well as the capacity and security to securely transmit bandwidth-intensive data, voice, video, and wireless applications.
| ConvergeOnes mobile device management offering secures and manages mobile devices, creating an open ecosystem for its clients mobility applications across disparate networks. |
| ConvergeOnes routing and switching technology offerings primarily includes local-area network, or LAN, switches, with integrated security applications. |
| ConvergeOnes wireless offerings include integrated wireless switches and routers, mobile access points, antennas, intrusion prevention, and customized wireless LAN management. |
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| ConvergeOnes location service applications allow for the tracking of any device anywhere and can be integrated into multiple software applications. |
Data Center
ConvergeOnes data center solutions enable its clients to process and store the applications and information they need to conduct their business. ConvergeOne offers a broad range of server, storage, virtualization, and management solutions to help align its clients IT infrastructure with their business objectives. With these solutions, clients can prioritize system resources and allocate resources dynamically, providing greater flexibility and consistency across their IT environments.
| ConvergeOnes server and storage solutions include the design, procurement, implementation, management, and optimization of data center infrastructure assets. ConvergeOne also provides server migration and consolidation services and has the ability to dynamically adjust server capacity to meet changing workload demands. |
| ConvergeOnes storage management and data management solutions simplify data and storage management capabilities ensure business continuity and efficiency, and reduce costs, while backing up critical business data and providing increased regulation, and security compliance. |
| ConvergeOnes virtualization solutions create multiple servers on a single physical server enabling cost reductions and centralized management of disparate systems. |
Cloud
ConvergeOne provides cloud solutions to its clients in four distinct environments: private, C1 Cloud, hybrid, and public cloud. ConvergeOne cloud technology offerings are supported by end-to-end design, installation, integration, management, and ongoing maintenance services that can be performed by it, the client, or the infrastructure provider based on client needs. ConvergeOne believes it is uniquely positioned to help its clients with their cloud migration strategy given its technical, services, and solution capabilities as well as its ability to efficiently aggregate cloud components into a seamless solution offering.
ConvergeOne offers its clients their own private cloud, which can be implemented within their own firewall, and maintained by their own IT staff or can be implemented in a ConvergeOne data center and managed by ConvergeOnes employees based on ConvergeOnes clients needs. C1 Cloud provides communication, collaboration, and network connectivity in a subscription-based delivery model that combines the benefits of an on-premise solution with the ease of a managed cloud service. The result is a fully customized, delivered, supported, and managed solution which provides the agility of the public cloud with the robust performance and security of a private, dedicated environment. ConvergeOnes hybrid cloud offers the security of its private cloud solution with the ability to scale into public cloud environments based on resource or capacity needs. ConvergeOnes public cloud solution provides the operating expense and scaling benefits of cloud computing in a cost-effective option. With ConvergeOnes cloud offerings clients choose the ownership and managed services models to best meet their needs.
Security
ConvergeOne provides end-to-end network and data security solutions to its clients. ConvergeOne generally begins its client engagements with assessments, followed by an actionable security framework, which can include all or components of infrastructure upgrades and optimization, training, incident response, remediation, and managed security. ConvergeOnes methodologies and holistic architecture protects, detects, and contains threats across the cyber-attack continuum. ConvergeOne provides effective risk reduction through solutions that combine multiple trusted security technologies into a single platform. For example, ConvergeOne provides a range of services and solutions from monitoring to firewalls and threat detection to vulnerability assessments and managed security services that help its clients keep unauthorized visitors from accessing valuable business resources.
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Additionally, ConvergeOne provides comprehensive disaster recovery services and solutions including business continuity assessment and planning, to network availability and data continuity, to recovery and crisis management. ConvergeOne also provides FireStorm POV, which is its security assessment tool. FireStorm POV provides visibility into real-time attacks, malware exposure, and network risk through detailed security reports. ConvergeOnes holistic security services and solutions provide the level of defense required by its clients to protect their IT assets.
ConvergeOne employs a client-centric philosophy to solve enterprises complex IT needs with innovative technology offerings through a culture of locally empowered employees who deliver best-in-class multi-vendor services and solutions.
ConvergeOnes Clients
ConvergeOnes mission statement, To create innovative solutions that give clients the experience they deserve, and its vision dictate how its organization and employees go-to-market. ConvergeOnes approach is built on five key pillars:
| client driven; |
| start with yes; |
| decide locally; |
| reach forward; and |
| do right. |
ConvergeOnes target clients are large and medium companies with consistent IT spending that are increasingly looking to IT service providers for the necessary technical expertise and partner relationships to deliver solutions across any consumption model. ConvergeOne fills this gap by providing sophisticated collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud and security solutions and full lifecycle services to its clients through its local relationships and strong technical capabilities.
ConvergeOnes clients are primarily large and medium enterprises across the United States. ConvergeOne primarily serves companies located throughout the United States; however, it is capable of supporting its clients internationally as well.
ConvergeOne served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, ConvergeOne served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1,000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies ConvergeOne acquired in 2017. In 2017, ConvergeOne had 16 clients that spent at least $5 million with it and approximately 200 clients that spent at least $1 million with it.
As a result of ConvergeOnes diverse client base, it benefits from low client concentration. ConvergeOnes top 10 and 25 clients represented 10% and 16%, respectively, of its total revenue during 2017. Additionally, in 2016, its largest client represented approximately 2% of total revenue.
ConvergeOne believes the contractual nature of its managed and maintenance and hosted services also provides it with revenue visibility as these contracts are typically multi-year in duration with high renewal rates.
ConvergeOnes Competition
ConvergeOne is a leading multi-vendor IT services provider focused on solving complex collaboration, data, and security challenges through an industry leading engineering team and services offering. ConvergeOnes expertise in collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security, combined with its professional
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and managed, cloud, and maintenance services capabilities positions it uniquely in the market. ConvergeOne believes it is competitively differentiated by its range of service capabilities and its trusted vendor partnerships, which provide it with the platform to differentiate itself from its competitors. Across ConvergeOnes solutions, it competes with companies such as Accenture, AT&T, Carousel, CDW, IBM, Optiv, Presidio, and Verizon.
ConvergeOne categorizes its competitors as:
| In-House IT Departments . Many of the large and medium sized corporate clients ConvergeOne serves have in-house IT departments that are capable of providing the solutions it offer. ConvergeOne believes its technical expertise, vendor relationships and the breadth and depth of its service offerings creates a unique value proposition and frees up these in-house IT resources to work on offerings that are core to their business. |
| Global IT Service Providers / Integrators . Global IT service providers can provide collaboration solutions on a large scale; however, lack the specialized solution focus and ability to sell end-to-end solutions. ConvergeOne differentiates itself through its targeted focus, technical expertise, local relationships and ability to offer complex end-to-end solutions. |
| Local and Regional Providers. Though local and regional providers often have strong local relationships, many of them lack the deep collaboration, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security domain expertise and services capabilities. ConvergeOne believes its national footprint, technical and domain expertise, and services capabilities will allow it to continue to take market share from the less established and smaller providers who lack the capabilities to execute on larger, multi-geography projects and the scale and financial strength to invest in next-generation solutions or delivery models. |
| Resellers . Rather than focusing principally on product resale, ConvergeOne focuses on providing services to its clients through consulting, technical expertise, solution delivery, and ongoing services that allow it to develop long-lasting client relationships. ConvergeOnes lifecycle engagement model focuses on a holistic approach that includes high-value services and end-to-end solutions. |
| Equipment Manufacturers . In some cases, equipment manufacturers sell directly to customers. These manufacturers often do not have the service capabilities or vendor agnostic approach to design, integrate, and maintain optimal solutions for customers. |
ConvergeOnes Employees
ConvergeOnes employees are core to its business and it leverages their long-standing, deep client relationships and strong technical expertise to deliver complex end-to-end, multi-vendor solutions to best meet its clients needs. As of December 31, 2017, ConvergeOne had approximately 2,000 employees, including over 1,300 technical engineers and consultants. ConvergeOne employed a direct sales force of approximately 330 professionals as of December 31, 2017. ConvergeOne has a well-educated and long tenured employee base, who have an average of seven years of experience at ConvergeOne. ConvergeOnes employees embrace its five core go-to-market pillars of client driven, start with yes, decide locally, reach forward, and do right. ConvergeOne believes that it is the result of its employee base that it has an NPS of 61 for 2016, long standing client engagements, and strong financial performance. None of ConvergeOnes employees are currently covered under any collective bargaining agreements. ConvergeOne believes its relations with its employees are good and it has never experienced a material work stoppage.
Facilities
ConvergeOne leases all of its properties, which function primarily as regional sales and engineering offices. As of September 30, 2017, ConvergeOne leased space in more than 65 buildings across the United States. ConvergeOne believes that its current facilities are adequate to meet its ongoing needs and that, if it requires additional space, it will be able to obtain additional facilities on commercially reasonable terms.
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Intellectual Property
ConvergeOnes success depends in part upon its ability to protect its intellectual property. To establish and protect ConvergeOnes proprietary rights, it relies on a combination of intellectual property rights, including trademarks, copyrights, trade secret laws, license agreements, confidentiality procedures, employee disclosure and invention assignment agreements, and other contractual rights.
The ConvergeOne trademark and certain variations thereof are registered or are the subject of pending trademark applications in the U.S. ConvergeOne believes its trademarks have significant value and are important factors in its marketing programs. In addition, ConvergeOne owns registrations for domain names, including convergeone.com and certain other domains, for certain of its primary trademarks.
ConvergeOne generally controls access to and use of its proprietary software and other confidential information through the use of internal and external controls, including contractual protections with employees, contractors, customers, and partners. Unauthorized parties may still copy or otherwise obtain and use ConvergeOnes software and technology, despite its efforts to protect its trade secrets and proprietary rights through intellectual property rights, licenses and confidentiality agreements.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time ConvergeOne may be involved in litigation relating to claims arising out of its operations in the normal course of business. ConvergeOne is not currently a party to any legal proceedings that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows and are not aware of any material legal proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities.
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Unless otherwise indicated, information contained in this prospectus/proxy statement concerning C1s industry and the market in which it operates, including its general expectations and market position, market opportunity, and market size, is based on information from various sources including the independent industry publications set forth below, and is subject to a number of assumptions and limitations. C1 believes the information from the industry publication and other third-party sources included in this prospectus is reliable. The content of the below sources, except to the extent specifically set forth in this prospectus, does not constitute a portion of this prospectus/proxy statement and is not incorporated herein.
| IDC, Worldwide and Regional Public IT Cloud Services Forecast, 2016-2020 , dated as of December 2016, which we refer to herein as IDC- Cloud Services . |
| IDC, Worldwide Black Book (Standard Edition), dated as of December 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- Blackbook . |
| IDC, Worldwide Endpoint Security Forecast, 2016-2020 , dated as of October 2016, which we refer to herein as IDC- Endpoint Security . |
| IDC, Worldwide Enterprise Network Infrastructure Forecast, 2017-2021 , dated as of May 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- Network Infrastructure . |
| IDC, Worldwide Identity and Access Management Forecast, 2017-2021 , dated as of August 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- Access Management . |
| IDC, Worldwide IT Security Products Forecast, 2017-2020: Comprehensive Security Products Forecast Review , dated as of March 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- IT Security Products . |
| IDC, Worldwide Messaging Security Forecast, 2017-2020: Continued Migration to the Cloud , dated as of March 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- Messaging Security . |
| IDC, Worldwide Network Security Forecast, 2017-2021 , dated as of September 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- Network Security . |
| IDC, Worldwide Security and Vulnerability Management Forecast, 2016-2020: Enterprises Continue Focus on Security Operations , dated as of December 2016, which we refer to herein as IDC- Vulnerability Management . |
| IDC, Worldwide Specialized Threat Analysis and Protection Forecast, 2016-2020: Enterprises Modernize Security Infrastructure , dated as of December 2016, which we refer to herein as IDC- Specialized Threat . |
| IDC, Worldwide Unified Communications and Collaboration Forecast, 2017-2021 , dated as of May 2017, which we refer to herein as IDC- 2017 UC&C . |
| IDC, Worldwide Web Security Forecast, 2016-2020: Extending Protection to Cloud Resources , dated as of December 2016, which we refer to herein as IDC- Web Security . |
The industry in which C1 operates is subject to a high degree of uncertainty and risk due to a variety of factors, including those described in the section titled Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus/proxy statement. These and other factors could cause results to differ materially from those expressed in the estimates made by the independent parties and by C1.
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EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS OF C1
The following table sets forth certain information regarding C1s executive officers and directors as of December 31, 2017:
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. |
62 | President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | ||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
53 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Paul Maier |
57 | President, Services Organization | ||||
John F. Lyons |
64 | President, Field Organization | ||||
Keith W. F. Bradley |
61 | Director | ||||
Behdad Eghbali |
41 | Director | ||||
José E. Feliciano |
44 |
Director |
||||
Christopher Jurasek |
52 |
Director |
||||
Prashant Mehrotra |
40 | Director | ||||
James Pade |
33 | Director | ||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty |
57 | Director |
Executive Officers
John A. McKenna, Jr . has served as ConvergeOnes President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board since August 2008. From 2000 until 2008, Mr. McKenna served as the Chief Executive Officer of Siemens IT Solutions and Services, Inc., a provider of integrated information technology solutions and services. Mr. McKenna holds a B.A. in history from Trinity College. ConvergeOne believes Mr. McKenna is qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his extensive knowledge of its company and his comprehensive background in information technology.
Jeffrey Nachbor has served as ConvergeOnes Chief Financial Officer since September 2013. From 2008 until 2013, Mr. Nachbor served as Senior Vice President of Finance & Chief Accounting Officer of Leap Wireless, a telecommunications company. From September 2005 to March 2008, Mr. Nachbor served as Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller of H&R Block, Inc. From February 2005 until August 2005, Mr. Nachbor served as Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Sharper Image Corporation, a consumer electronics retailer. From 2003 to 2005, Mr. Nachbor served as Senior Vice President and Corporate Controller of Staples, Inc., a business supplies and equipment retailer. Mr. Nachbor holds a B.A. in accounting from Old Dominion University, an M.B.A. from University of Kansas, and is a Certified Public Accountant.
Paul Maier has served as ConvergeOnes President, Services Organization, since January 2018 and he previously served as ConvergeOnes President, ConvergeOne Solutions from January 2016 to January 2018, ConvergeOnes President, ConvergeOne Technologies from June 2014 to January 2016, and ConvergeOnes Senior Vice President of Product Technology from August 2012 until September 2014. From 2000 to 2012, Mr. Maier served in various roles at Siemens AG, most recently as Vice President, Business Development of the Smart Grid Division from September 2010 to September 2012. Mr. Maier holds a B.A. in business from the Colby College, an M.B.A. from Fairleigh Dickinson University, and completed an executive program at INSEAD in France.
John F. Lyons has served as ConvergeOnes President, Field Organization, since January 2018 and he previously served as ConvergeOnes President, ConvergeOne Enterprise from September 2012 to January 2018. Mr. Lyons served as President of S-1 IT Solutions, ConvergeOnes wholly-owned subsidiary, from June 2010 until September 2012. From 2005 until 2010, Mr. Lyons served as Senior Vice President and General Manager at Siemens IT Solutions and Services. Effective January 1, 2018, Mr. Lyons will become ConvergeOnes President, Field Organization. Mr. Lyons holds a B.S. in management from Syracuse University.
Non-Employee Directors
Keith W.F. Bradley has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since September 2014. From May 2016 until December 2016, Mr. Bradley served as Chief Executive Officer of Swiss Watch
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International Inc. From July 2013 until October 2015, Mr. Bradley served as Chief Executive Officer of Tolt Solutions, Inc., an information technology and services company. Since December 2015, Mr. Bradley has served as the Executive Chairman of Pomeroy IT Solutions, Inc., an infrastructure management company. From 2000 to 2013, Mr. Bradley served in a variety of roles at Ingram Micro Inc., a global technology and supply chain services company, most recently serving as Senior EVP President, North America. Mr. Bradley holds a B.S. in accounting from Queens University Belfast and a Masters in Accounting from Queens University Belfast. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Bradley is qualified to serve on ConvergeOnes board of directors due to his information technology industry experience and his experience in accounting.
Behdad Eghbali has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since May 2014. Mr. Eghbali is managing partner of Clearlake Capital Group, L.P., or Clearlake, which he co-founded in 2006. Previously, Mr. Eghbali served as a private equity investor at TPG Capital, a global private investment firm. Mr. Eghbali holds a B.S. in business administration and management from the University of California, Berkeley. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Eghbali is well qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his investment experience, financial expertise, and his current and former service on the boards of directors of other companies in the information technology industry.
José E. Feliciano has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since August 2017. Mr. Feliciano is a Managing Partner and Co-Founder of Clearlake which he co-founded in 2006. Mr. Feliciano is responsible for the day-to-day management of Clearlake, and is primarily focused on investments in the industrials, energy and consumer sectors. Mr. Feliciano currently serves on the boards of directors of Smart Sand, Inc. and several private companies. Mr. Feliciano graduated with High Honors from Princeton University, where he received a B.S. in mechanical & aerospace engineering. He received his M.B.A. from the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University. C1 believes Mr. Felicianos experience as a current and former director of many companies and his financial expertise makes him well qualified to serve on its board of directors.
Christopher Jurasek has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since August 2017. Since February 2014, Mr. Jurasek has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer at Calero Software, LLC. From May 2013 to February 2014, Mr. Jurasek served as Executive Vice President of FlowRiver Group. From December 2010 to July 2012, Mr. Jurasek served as President of Wireless and Services at TE Connectivity. From June 2007 to January 2009, Mr. Jurasek served as the Chief Information Officer at ADC. Mr. Jurasek received a B.A. in Business Administration from Bowling Green State University and an M.B.A. from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Jurasek is qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his experience in the information technology industry.
Prashant Mehrotra has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since June 2014. Mr. Mehrotra is a partner and has been a private equity investor with Clearlake since 2010. From 2007 to 2010, he was a principal at Silver Lake Partners. From 2005 to 2007 he was a principal at Tennenbaum Capital Partners, LLC. Mr. Mehrotra holds a B.S. and an M.S. in industrial engineering from Stanford University, and an M.B.A. from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Mehrotra is qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his investment experience and his service on the boards of directors of other companies in the information technology industry.
James Pade has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since June 2014. Mr. Pade is a principal and has been a private equity investor with Clearlake since 2013. From 2010 until 2012, Mr. Pade was an investment professional at TowerBrook Capital Partners. Mr. Pade holds a B.A. in economics from Stanford University. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Pade is qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his investment experience and his service on the boards of directors of other companies in the information technology industry.
Timothy J. Pawlenty has served as a member of ConvergeOnes board of directors since February 2015. Since November 2012, Mr. Pawlenty has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Financial Services Roundtable, an advocacy organization for Americas financial services industry. From January 2011 to November 2012, Mr. Pawlenty served as an independent contractor. Mr. Pawlenty previously served as Governor of the State of Minnesota for two terms from 2003 to 2011. Mr. Pawlenty previously served as a director of
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Digital River, Inc., a global e-commerce, payments, and marketing services company. Mr. Pawlenty serves as a member of the board of directors of Smart Sand, Inc. Mr. Pawlenty holds a B.A. in political science from University of Minnesota and a J.D. from the University of Minnesota Law School. ConvergeOne believes Mr. Pawlenty is qualified to serve on its board of directors due to his legal and regulatory experience.
Family Relationships
There are no family relationships among any of C1s directors or executive officers.
Board Composition
ConvergeOnes business and affairs are managed under the direction of its board of directors, which currently consists of eight members. Certain members of ConvergeOnes board of directors were elected pursuant to the provisions of a stockholders agreement among certain of its stockholders. Under the terms of this stockholders agreement, the stockholders who are party to the stockholders agreement have agreed to vote their respective shares so as to elect as directors all individuals designated by a fund managed by Clearlake. In connection with the Business Combination, ConvergeOne expects to terminate the stockholders agreement.
2017 Non-Employee Director Compensation
The following table sets forth information regarding compensation earned by or paid to C1s non-employee directors during 2017.
Name |
Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash |
Option
Awards |
Other
Compensation |
Total | ||||||||||||
Keith W.F. Bradley (1) |
$ | 50,000 | $ | | $ | | $ | 50,000 | ||||||||
Behdad Eghbali (2) |
| | | | ||||||||||||
José E. Feliciano |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Christopher Jurasek (3) |
18,750 | 883,448 | | 902,198 | ||||||||||||
Prashant Mehrotra (4) |
| | | | ||||||||||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty (5) |
60,000 | | | 60,000 | ||||||||||||
James Pade (6) |
| | | |
(1) | As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Bradley held 370,108 unvested shares of common stock that Mr. Bradley received upon early exercise of stock options granted to Mr. Bradley. Upon the Closing of the Business Combination all unvested shares will accelerate and vest in full. ConvergeOne has a right to repurchase all unvested shares if Mr. Bradley ceases to provide services to it. |
(2) | Mr. Eghbali did not hold any equity awards as of December 31, 2017. |
(3) | In connection with his appointment to the board of directors in August 2017, Mr. Jurasek was granted a stock option to purchase 530,772 shares of common stock with an exercise price of $3.40 per share. The amount shown in the Option Awards column does not reflect the dollar amount actually received by Mr. Jurasek. Instead, this amount reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of this stock option granted computed in accordance with the provisions of FASB ASC Topic 718. Assumptions used in the calculation of this amount are included in the notes to ConvergeOnes consolidated financial statements included in this prospectus/proxy statement. As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Jurasek held 530,772 unvested shares of common stock that Mr. Jurasek received upon early exercise of such stock options. Upon the Closing of the Business Combination, all unvested shares will accelerate and vest in full. ConvergeOne has a right to repurchase all unvested shares if Mr. Jurasek ceases to provide services to it. |
(4) | Mr. Mehrotra did not hold any equity awards as of December 31, 2017. |
(5) | As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Pawlenty held 422,980 unvested shares of ConvergeOne common stock, all of which Mr. Pawlenty received upon early exercise of stock options. Upon the Closing of the Business Combination all unvested shares will accelerate and vest in full. ConvergeOne has a right to repurchase all unvested shares if Mr. Pawlenty ceases to provide services to it. |
(6) | Mr. Pade did not hold any equity awards as of December 31, 2017. |
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References in this section to ConvergeOne or C1 refer to C1 Investment Corp. and its consolidated subsidiaries.
ConvergeOne has opted to comply with the executive compensation disclosure rules applicable to emerging growth companies, as Forum is an emerging growth company. The scaled down disclosure rules are those applicable to smaller reporting companies, as such term is defined in the rules promulgated under the Securities Act, which require compensation disclosure for ConvergeOnes principal executive officer and its two most highly compensated executive officers other than the principal executive officer whose total compensation for 2017 exceeded $100,000.
ConvergeOnes named executive officers, consisting of its principal executive officer and the next two most highly compensated executive officers, for the year ended December 31, 2017, were:
| John A. McKenna, Jr., President and Chief Executive Officer, and Chairman of the Board; |
| Jeffrey Nachbor, Chief Financial Officer; and |
| John F. Lyons, President, ConvergeOne Enterprise. |
Summary Compensation Table
The following table presents all of the compensation paid or awarded to or earned by ConvergeOnes named executive officers during 2017 and 2016:
Name and Principal Position |
Year | Salary |
Non-Equity
Incentive Plan Compensation (1) |
All Other
Compensation |
Total | |||||||||||||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. |
2017 | $ | 433,125 | $ | $ | 308,849 (2) | $ | 741,974 | ||||||||||||
President and Chief Executive Officer, Chairman of the Board | 2016 | 450,000 | 210,316 | 38,855 | 699,171 | |||||||||||||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
2017 | 336,875 | 224,505 (3) | 561,380 | ||||||||||||||||
Chief Financial Officer |
2016 | 350,000 | 163,595 | 14,511 | 528,106 | |||||||||||||||
John F. Lyons |
2017 | 317,625 | 216,023 (4) | 533,648 | ||||||||||||||||
President, ConvergeOne Enterprise |
2016 | 330,000 | 254,247 | 18,023 | 602,270 |
(1) | Amounts earned in 2017 will be paid during 2018 under C1s incentive compensation program, based on the achievement of company performance goals, including the achievement of EBITDA and revenue targets. The amount of these bonuses will be determined by the C1 board of directors of C-1 during the first quarter of 2018. |
(2) | Includes (a) a management incentive fee in the amount of $32,495, (b) the value of company paid premiums of $54 for life insurance, (c) $6,300 safe-harbor matching contributions defined in ConvergeOnes 401(k) plan, and (d) a $270,000 transaction bonus. |
(3) | Includes (a) a management incentive fee in the amount of $8,151, (b) the value of company paid premiums of $54 for life insurance, (c) $6,300 safe-harbor matching contributions defined in ConvergeOnes 401(k) plan, and (d) a $210,000 transaction bonus. |
(4) | Includes (a) a management incentive fee in the amount of $11,663, (b) the value of company paid premiums of $60 for life insurance, (c) $6,300 safe-harbor matching contributions defined in ConvergeOnes 401(k) plan, and (d) a $198,000 transaction bonus. |
Outstanding Equity Awards as of December 31, 2017
As of December 31, 2017, ConvergeOnes named executive officers did not hold any outstanding equity awards.
Pension Benefits
ConvergeOnes named executive officers did not participate in, or otherwise receive any benefits under, any pension or defined benefit retirement plan sponsored by ConvergeOne in 2017.
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Nonqualified Deferred Compensation
ConvergeOnes named executive officers did not participate in, or earn any benefits under, a non-qualified deferred compensation plan sponsored by ConvergeOne during 2017.
Employment and Change in Control Arrangements
In June 2014, each of ConvergeOnes executive officers entered into offer letter agreements with ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., ConvergeOnes wholly owned subsidiary. The offer letter agreements generally provide for at-will employment and set forth the executive officers initial base salary, discretionary performance bonus target, annual management incentive fee, severance eligibility, eligibility for other employment benefits, and pre-dispute arbitration agreement. Each executive officer also received a one-time signing bonus. In addition, each executive officer also executed a proprietary information, inventions, non-competition, and non-solicitation agreement.
Offer Letters
John A. McKenna, Jr . Mr. McKenna serves as ConvergeOnes President and Chief Executive Officer, and as the Chairman of ConvergeOnes Board of Directors. Mr. McKennas current base salary is $450,000, and his discretionary annual target performance bonus is 100% of his annual base salary. Mr. McKenna received a signing bonus of $64,989 upon his commencement of employment. He is eligible to earn an annual management incentive fee of $32,495; provided, he remains employed in good standing through the final pay period of the calendar year. In the event ConvergeOne terminates Mr. McKennas employment without cause (and other than for death or disability) or Mr. McKenna terminates his employment for good reason, Mr. McKenna will be eligible for the following severance benefits: (1) an amount equal to his annual base salary plus his performance bonus at target, paid in installments for 12 months, and (2) payment of up to 12 months of COBRA premiums for him and his covered dependents. Mr. McKenna must execute an effective and irrevocable general release of claims to receive these benefits. The payment of severance installments and COBRA premiums will be forfeited if Mr. McKenna breaches any agreement with ConvergeOne during the severance payment period. Mr. McKennas non-competition restriction extends for one year after employment termination, and he is restricted from soliciting ConvergeOnes employees, contractors, customers, and potential customers, and hiring ConvergeOnes employees, for one year following termination.
Jeffrey Nachbor. Mr. Nachbor serves as ConvergeOnes Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Nachbors current base salary is $350,000, and his discretionary annual target performance bonus is 100% of his annual base salary. Mr. Nachbor received a one-time signing bonus of $16,301 upon his commencement of employment. He is eligible to earn an annual management incentive fee of $8,151; provided, that he remains employed in good standing through the final pay period of the calendar year. Mr. Nachbor received a one-time relocation bonus of $75,000 upon the sale of his previous residence in another state. In the event ConvergeOne terminates Mr. Nachbors employment without cause (and other than for death or disability) or Mr. Nachbor terminates his employment for good reason, he will be eligible for severance benefits in an amount equal to his annual base salary, paid in installments for 12 months. Mr. Nachbor must execute an effective and irrevocable general release of claims to receive these benefits. The payment of severance installments is forfeited if Mr. Nachbor breaches any agreement with ConvergeOne during the severance payment period. Mr. Nachbors non-competition restriction extends for one year after employment termination, and he is restricted from soliciting ConvergeOnes employees, contractors, customers, and potential customers, and hiring ConvergeOnes employees, for two years following termination.
John F. Lyons . Mr. Lyons serves as ConvergeOnes President, Field Organization of ConvergeOne, Inc., ConvergeOnes wholly owned subsidiary. Mr. Lyons current base salary is $330,000, and his discretionary annual target performance bonus is 100% of his annual base salary. Mr. Lyons received a one-time signing bonus of $23,326 upon his commencement of employment. He is eligible to earn an annual management incentive fee of $11,663, provided, he remains employed in good standing through the final pay period of the calendar year. In the event ConvergeOne terminates Mr. Lyons employment without cause (and other than for death or disability)
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or Mr. Lyons terminates his employment for good reason, he will be eligible for severance benefits in an amount equal to his annual base salary, paid in installments for 12 months. Mr. Lyons must execute an effective and irrevocable general release of claims to receive these benefits. The payment of severance installments is forfeited if Mr. Lyons breaches any agreement with ConvergeOne during the severance payment period. Mr. Lyons non-competition restriction extends for one year after employment termination, and he is restricted from solicitation of ConvergeOnes employees, contractors, customers, and potential customers, and hiring ConvergeOnes employees, for two years following termination.
Equity Benefit Plans
ConvergeOne believes that its ability to grant equity-based awards is a valuable and necessary compensation tool that aligns the long-term financial interests of ConvergeOnes employees, consultants, and directors with the financial interests of ConvergeOnes stockholders. In addition, ConvergeOne believes that ConvergeOnes ability to grant options and other equity-based awards helps ConvergeOne to attract, retain, and motivate employees, consultants, and directors and encourages them to devote their best efforts to ConvergeOnes business and financial success. The principal features of ConvergeOnes equity incentive plans and ConvergeOnes 401(k) plan are summarized below. These summaries are qualified in their entirety by reference to the actual text of the plans, which, other than the 401(k) plan, are filed as exhibits to this proxy statement/prospectus.
2014 Equity Incentive Plan
ConvergeOnes board of directors adopted and ConvergeOnes stockholders approved the 2014 Plan in June 2014. The 2014 Plan was amended most recently in February 2017. The 2014 Plan provided for the grant of incentive stock options, or ISOs, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code, to ConvergeOnes employees, and for the grant of nonstatutory stock options, or NSOs, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, and other stock awards to ConvergeOnes employees, directors and consultants. Upon the Closing of the Business Combination all outstanding stock awards under the 2014 Plan will accelerate and vest in full.
Health and Welfare Benefits
All of ConvergeOnes named executive officers are eligible to participate in ConvergeOnes employee benefit plans, including ConvergeOnes medical, dental, and vision insurance plans, in each case on the same basis as all of ConvergeOnes other full-time employees.
401(k) Plan
ConvergeOnes wholly-owned subsidiary, ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., maintains a deferred retirement savings plan intended to qualify for favorable tax treatment under Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue Code. All of ConvergeOnes employees are generally eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan subject to certain eligibility requirements, including requirements relating to age. Under the 401(k) Plan, each employee may make pre-tax and/or contributions of up to 75% of their eligible compensation up to the current statutorily prescribed annual limit on pre-tax or Roth contributions under the Code. Employees who are 50 years of age or older may contribute additional amounts based on the statutory limits for catch-up contributions. Pre-tax contributions by employees and any employer contributions that ConvergeOne makes to the 401(k) Plan and the income earned on those contributions are generally not taxable to employees until withdrawn. Employer contributions that ConvergeOne makes to the 401(k) Plan are generally deductible when made. Employee contributions are held in trust as required by law. An employees interest in his or her pre-tax deferrals, including, with the exception of certain discretionary contributions, any matching contributions made by us, is 100% vested when contributed. For 2016, ConvergeOne made $3.0 million in matching contributions.
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MANAGEMENT AFTER THE BUSINESS COMBINATION
Management and Board of Directors
The following persons are expected to serve as executive officers and directors following the Business Combination. For biographical information concerning the C1 executive officers and C1 designees to the board of directors, see Executive Officers and Directors of C1 . For biographical information concerning the Forum designees to the board of directors see Forums Management .
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. (1) |
62 | President and Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board | ||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
53 | Chief Financial Officer | ||||
Paul Maier |
57 | President, Services Organization | ||||
John F. Lyons |
64 | President, Field Organization | ||||
David Boris (2) |
57 | Director | ||||
Richard Katzman (2) |
61 | Director | ||||
Keith W. F. Bradley (1) |
54 | Director | ||||
Behdad Eghbali (1) |
41 | Director | ||||
José E. Feliciano (1) |
44 | Director | ||||
Christopher Jurasek (1) |
52 | Director | ||||
Prashant Mehrotra (1) |
40 | Director | ||||
James Pade (1) |
33 | Director | ||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty (1) |
57 | Director |
(1) | C1 Designee |
(2) | Forum Designee |
Classified Board of Directors
The Combined Entitys board of directors will consist of ten members upon the closing of the Business Combination. In accordance with the amended and restated certificate of incorporation to be filed, immediately after the consummation of the Business Combination, the board of directors will be divided into three classes. At each annual general meeting of stockholders, the successors to directors whose terms then expire will be elected to serve from the time of election and qualification until the third annual meeting following the election. The directors will be divided among the three classes as follows:
| the Class I directors will be Richard Katzman, Keith W.F. Bradley and James Pade, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2019; |
| the Class II directors will be David Boris, Timothy J. Pawlenty and Prashant Mehrotra, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2020; and |
| the Class III directors will be Behdad Eghbali, José E. Feliciano, John A. McKenna, Jr. and Chris Jurasek, and their terms will expire at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2021. |
The Combined Entity expects that any additional directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the directors. The division of the board of directors into three classes with staggered three-year terms may delay or prevent a change of our management or a change in control.
Controlled Company Exception
After the Closing of the Business Combination, affiliates of Clearlake may beneficially own shares representing more than 50% of the voting power of Combined Entitys shares eligible to vote in the election of directors, depending on the number of shares of Common Stock that the Public Stockholders of Forum elect to
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have redeemed by Forum. As a result, C1 may be a controlled company within the meaning of the Nasdaq Stock Market Listing Rules. Under these corporate governance standards, a company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group, or another company is a controlled company and may elect to take advantage or exemptions from certain corporate governance standards, including the requirements (1) that a majority of its board of directors consist of independent directors, (2) that its board of directors have a compensation committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibilities, and (3) that its board of directors have a nominating and corporate governance committee that is comprised entirely of independent directors with a written charter addressing the committees purpose and responsibilities.
Stockholders or the Combined Entity may not have the same protections afforded to stockholders of Nasdaq-listed companies that are subject to all of these corporate governance requirements. In the event that the Combined Entity ceases to be a controlled company and its shares continue to be listed on the Nasdaq Global Market, it will be required to comply with these standards and, depending on the boards independence determination with respect to its then-current directors, it may be required to add additional directors to its board in order to achieve such compliance within the applicable transition periods.
Committees of the Board of Directors
The Combined Entitys board of directors will have the authority to appoint committees to perform certain management and administration functions. Forums current board of directors has established an audit committee, a compensation committee, and a nominating and corporate governance committee. The composition and responsibilities of each committee are described below. Members will serve on these committees until their resignation or until otherwise determined by the board of directors. Following the Closing of the Business Combination, the charters for each of these committees will be available on C1s website at www.convergeone.com. Information contained on or accessible through C1s website is not a part of this prospectus/proxy statement, and the inclusion of such website address in this prospectus/proxy statement is an inactive textual reference only.
Audit Committee
The Combined Entitys audit committee is expected to consist of Messrs. Boris, Bradley and Jurasek. Forums board of directors has determined each proposed member is independent under the listing standards and Rule 10A-3(b)(1) of the Exchange Act. The chairperson of our audit committee is Mr. Bradley. Forums board of directors has determined that Mr. Bradley is an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of SEC regulations. Forums board of directors has also determined that each member of the proposed audit committee has the requisite financial expertise required under the applicable requirements of The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC. In arriving at this determination, the board of directors has examined each audit committee members scope of experience and the nature of their employment in the corporate finance sector.
The primary purpose of the audit committee is to discharge the responsibilities of the board of directors with respect to our accounting, financial, and other reporting and internal control practices and to oversee our independent registered accounting firm. Specific responsibilities of our audit committee include:
| selecting a qualified firm to serve as the independent registered public accounting firm to audit the Combined Entitys financial statements; |
| helping to ensure the independence and performance of the independent registered public accounting firm; |
| discussing the scope and results of the audit with the independent registered public accounting firm, and reviewing, with management and the independent accountants, our interim and year-end operating results; |
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| developing procedures for employees to submit concerns anonymously about questionable accounting or audit matters; |
| reviewing policies on risk assessment and risk management; |
| reviewing related party transactions; |
| obtaining and reviewing a report by the independent registered public accounting firm at least annually, that describes the Combined Entitys internal quality-control procedures, any material issues with such procedures, and any steps taken to deal with such issues when required by applicable law; and |
| approving (or, as permitted, pre-approving) all audit and all permissible non-audit service to be performed by the independent registered public accounting firm. |
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee is expected to consist of Messrs. Eghbali and Pawlenty. Forums board of directors has determined each proposed member is a non-employee director as defined in Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act. The chairperson of the compensation committee is expected to be Mr. Eghbali. If qualified as a controlled company, the Combined Entity intends to rely upon the exemption for the requirement that it have a compensation committee comprised entirely of independent directors. The primary purpose of the compensation committee is to discharge the responsibilities of the board of directors to oversee its compensation policies, plans and programs and to review and determine the compensation to be paid to its executive officers, directors and other senior management, as appropriate.
Specific responsibilities of the compensation committee will include:
| reviewing and approving, or recommending that our board of directors approve, the compensation of our executive officers; |
| reviewing and recommending to our board of directors the compensation of our directors; |
| reviewing and approving, or recommending that our board of directors approve, the terms of compensatory arrangements with our executive officers; |
| administering our stock and equity incentive plans; |
| selecting independent compensation consultants and assessing whether there are any conflicts of interest with any of the committees compensation advisors; |
| reviewing and approving, or recommending that our board of directors approve, incentive compensation and equity plans, severance agreements, change-of-control protections and any other compensatory arrangements for our executive officers and other senior management, as appropriate; |
| reviewing and establishing general policies relating to compensation and benefits of our employees; and |
| reviewing our overall compensation philosophy. |
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
Our nominating and corporate governance committee is expected to consist of Messrs. Jurasek and Pawlenty. Forums board of directors has determined each proposed member is independent under the listing standards. The chairperson of our nominating and corporate governance committee is Mr. .
Specific responsibilities of our nominating and corporate governance committee include:
| identifying, evaluating and selecting, or recommending that our board of directors approve, nominees for election to our board of directors; |
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| evaluating the performance of our board of directors and of individual directors; |
| reviewing developments in corporate governance practices; |
| evaluating the adequacy of our corporate governance practices and reporting; |
| reviewing management succession plans; and |
| developing and making recommendations to our board of directors regarding corporate governance guidelines and matters. |
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
The Combined Entity will adopt a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to all of its employees, officers and directors, including those officers responsible for financial reporting. Following the Closing of the Business Combination, the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics will be available on its website at www.convergeone.com. Information contained on or accessible through such website is not a part of this prospectus/proxy statement, and the inclusion of the website address in this prospectus/proxy statement is an inactive textual reference only. The Combined Company intends to disclose any amendments to the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, or any waivers of its requirements, on its website to the extent required by the applicable rules and exchange requirements.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
No member of Combined Entitys compensation committee has ever been an officer or employee of either company. None of Combined Entitys expected executive officers serve, or have served during the last year, as a member of the board of directors, compensation committee, or other board committee performing equivalent functions of any other entity that has one or more executive officers serving as one of our directors or on either companys compensation committee.
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SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OTHER DATA OF C1
You should read the selected consolidated financial and other data below in conjunction with the section titled Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1 and the consolidated financial statements, related notes, and other financial information included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The selected consolidated financial and other data in this section are not intended to replace the consolidated financial statements and are qualified in their entirety by the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus.
The following selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and selected consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 have been derived from C1s audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. The consolidated statements of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of September 30, 2017 are derived from C1s unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s unaudited interim consolidated financial statements were prepared on a basis consistent with its audited consolidated financial statements and include, in managements opinion, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, that C1 considers necessary for a fair presentation of the financial information set forth in those statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus. C1s historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in any future period, and interim financial results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the full year.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statements of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | ||||||||
Services |
303,983 | 375,805 | 271,842 | 304,499 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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Total revenue |
601,464 | 815,609 | 605,081 | 619,700 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||||
Cost of revenue |
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Technology offerings |
220,377 | 333,082 | 254,532 | 245,732 | ||||||||||||
Services |
187,641 | 233,283 | 170,274 | 191,965 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total cost of revenue |
408,018 | 566,365 | 424,806 | 437,697 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
77,104 | 106,722 | 78,707 | 69,469 | ||||||||||||
Services |
116,342 | 142,522 | 101,568 | 112,534 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total gross profit |
193,446 | 249,244 | 180,275 | 182,003 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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Operating expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
96,578 | 128,733 | 93,998 | 93,904 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
36,955 | 40,262 | 30,081 | 36,989 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,520 | 27,692 | 20,697 | 23,112 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total operating expenses |
162,731 | 202,742 | 149,913 | 159,960 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating income |
30,715 | 46,502 | 30,362 | 22,043 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other (income) expense |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
(26 | ) | (11 | ) | (6 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense |
23,072 | 31,438 | 18,829 | 41,553 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
72 | 10 | 1 | 49 | ||||||||||||
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
23,118 | 31,437 | 18,824 | 41,551 | ||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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Income (loss) before income taxes |
7,597 | 15,065 | 11,538 | (19,508 | ) | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
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|
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Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
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|
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Net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders, basic and diluted (1) |
$ | 0.04 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.07 | $ | (0.15 | ) | |||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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Weighted-average common shares used in computing basic and diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders (1) |
89,866 | 89,862 |
|
89,862 |
|
|
89,782
|
|
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|
(1) | See Notes 1 and 9 to C1s consolidated financial statements for an explanation of the method used to calculate basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(as a percentage of total revenue) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue Mix and Gross Margin: |
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Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
49.5 | % | 53.9 | % | 55.1 | % | 50.9 | % | ||||||||
Services |
50.5 | 46.1 | 44.9 | 49.1 | ||||||||||||
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Total revenue |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
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Gross margin |
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Technology offerings |
25.9 | % | 24.3 | % | 23.6 | % | 22.0 | % | ||||||||
Services |
38.3 | 37.9 | 37.4 | 37.0 | ||||||||||||
Total gross margin |
32.2 | 30.6 | 29.8 | 29.4 | ||||||||||||
As of
December 31, |
As of
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 15,307 | $ | 9,632 | $ | 7,683 | ||||||||||
Working capital |
25,568 | 31,269 | 51,594 | |||||||||||||
Total assets |
651,088 | 636,260 | 804,976 | |||||||||||||
Total debt, including current portion and excluding unamortized debt issuance cost |
326,772 | 404,138 | 529,925 | |||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
557,872 | 623,500 | 805,265 | |||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity (deficit) |
93,216 | 12,760 | (289) |
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data: |
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Adjusted Revenue (1) |
$ | 603,719 | $ | 815,912 | $ | 605,333 | $ | 623,914 | ||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA (2) |
$ | 62,809 | $ | 83,785 | $ | 58,698 | $ | 58,058 | ||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA Margin (3) |
10.4 | % | 10.3 | % | 9.7 | % | 9.3 | % | ||||||||
Adjusted Net Income (4) |
$ | 24,358 | $ | 34,488 | $ | 23,922 | $ | 17,485 |
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(1) | Adjusted Revenue is a non-GAAP financial measure. C1 believes that Adjusted Revenue provides supplemental information with respect to its revenue associated with its ongoing performance. C1 defines Adjusted Revenue as total revenue adjusted to exclude non-cash acquisition accounting adjustments to revenue as a result of our acquisitions. The reconciliation of revenue, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Revenue for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments |
2,255 | 303 | 252 | 4,214 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted Revenue |
$ | 603,719 | $ | 815,912 | $ | 605,333 | $ | 623,914 | ||||||||
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(2) | Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. C1 believes Adjusted EBITDA provides helpful information with respect to its operating performance as viewed by management, including a view of C1s business that is not dependent on (i) the impact of its capitalization structure and (ii) items that are not part of C1s day-to-day operations. C1 defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus (1) total depreciation and amortization, (2) interest expense and other, net, and (3) income tax expense, as further adjusted to eliminate non-cash stock-based compensation expense, acquisition accounting adjustments, transaction costs, and other one-time nonrecurring costs. The reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,858 | 28,570 | 21,133 | 24,224 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
23,118 | 31,437 | 18,824 | 41,551 | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
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EBITDA |
54,573 | 75,072 | 51,495 | 46,267 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
233 | 1,057 | 883 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments (a) |
(829 | ) | (457 | ) | (443 | ) | 2,654 | |||||||||
Transaction costs (b) |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Other costs (c) |
3,154 | 2,058 | 1,626 | 2,661 | ||||||||||||
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Adjusted EBITDA |
$ | 62,809 | $ | 83,785 | $ | 58,698 | $ | 58,058 | ||||||||
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(a) | Acquisition accounting adjustments include charges associated with non-cash acquisition accounting fair value adjustments to deferred revenue and deferred customer support costs. |
(b) | Transaction costs of (1) $5.7 million for 2015 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $2.1 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (2) $6.1 million for 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.1 million related to employee retention bonuses, $0.7 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $4.3 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (3) $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.7 million related to employee retention bonuses, $1.3 million related to transaction-related professional fees and costs, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $3.1 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, and (4) $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $3.4 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs. |
(c) |
Other costs of (1) $3.2 million for 2015 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement which C1 intends to terminate in connection with the Business Combination, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (2) $2.1 million for 2016 include $0.5 related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (3) $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include expenses of $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and (4) |
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$2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement. |
(3) | Adjusted EBITDA Margin measures our Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue. |
(4) | Adjusted Net Income is a non-GAAP financial measure, which management uses in this proxy statement/prospectus and in its evaluation of past performance, trends, and prospects for the future. C1 believes that Adjusted Net Income is utilized by investors and other interested parties as a measure of its comparative operating performance period-over-period that considers the impact of certain items that do not directly correlate to our ongoing operating performance and that vary significantly from period to period, such as the interest expense associated with its outstanding debt, as well as the impact of depreciation on our fixed assets and income taxes. C1 defines Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude (i) amortization of intangible assets, (ii) amortization of debt issuance costs, (iii) non-cash stock-based compensation expense, (iv) costs related to debt refinancing, (v) acquisition accounting adjustments, (vi) transaction costs, (vii) other costs, and (viii) the income tax impact associated with the foregoing items. The reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income for each of the periods presented is as follows. See Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures below for additional information. |
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
20,247 | 22,456 | 16,826 | 17,891 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
2,028 | 2,412 | 1,594 | 2,205 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
233 | 1,057 | 883 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Costs related to debt refinancing (a) |
| 4,486 | | 15,193 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustments (b) |
(829 | ) | (457 | ) | (443 | ) | 2,654 | |||||||||
Transaction costs (c) |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Other costs (d) |
3,154 | 2,058 | 1,626 | 2,661 | ||||||||||||
Income tax impact of adjustments (e) |
(10,176 | ) | (11,928 | ) | (7,887 | ) | (16,410 | ) | ||||||||
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Adjusted Net Income |
$ | 24,358 | $ | 34,488 | $ | 23,922 | $ | 17,485 | ||||||||
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(a) | Costs related to debt refinancing in (1) 2016 include $1.8 million in financing transaction costs, $1.5 million in debt extinguishment losses, and a $1.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs and (2) the nine months ended September 30, 2017 consists of $1.6 million in financing transaction costs, $3.4 million in debt extinguishment losses, and a $10.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs. |
(b) | Acquisition accounting adjustments include charges associated with non-cash acquisition accounting fair value adjustments to deferred revenue and deferred customer support costs. |
(c) | Transaction costs of (1) $5.7 million for 2015 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $2.1 million related to transaction-related professional fees, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (2) $6.1 million for 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $1.1 million related to employee retention bonuses, $0.7 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $4.3 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, (3) $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.7 million related to employee retention bonuses, $1.3 million related to transaction-related professional fees and costs, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $3.1 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs, and (4) $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include acquisition-related expenses of $0.2 million related to employee retention bonuses, $3.4 million related to transaction-related professional fees and expenses, including legal, accounting, tax, and advisory fees, and $2.4 million of one-time acquisition-related integration costs. |
(d) | Other costs of (1) $3.2 million for 2015 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement which C1 intends to terminate in connection with the Business Combination, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (2) $2.1 million for 2016 include $0.5 related to one-time severance and related legal expenses, $1.5 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and $0.1 million to certain members of C1s board of directors for their services, (3) $1.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include expenses of $0.5 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement, and (4) $2.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 include expenses of $1.6 million related to one-time severance and related legal expenses and $1.1 million related to payments to Clearlake for advisory and consulting services pursuant to its management and monitoring services agreement. |
(e) | Income tax impact of adjustments includes an estimated tax impact of the adjustments to net income (loss) at our average statutory tax rate of 40.0%, except for the impact of tax-deductible goodwill and intangible assets resulting from certain historical acquisitions. |
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Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income should be considered in addition to, not as a substitute for, or superior to, financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. They are not measurements of C1s financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as alternatives to revenue or net income (loss), as applicable, or any other performance measures derived in accordance with GAAP and may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other businesses. Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income have limitations as analytical tools and you should not consider them in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of C1s operating results as reported under GAAP. Some of these limitations include:
| non-cash compensation is and will remain a key element of C1s overall long-term incentive compensation package, although C1 excludes it as an expense when evaluating its ongoing operating performance for a particular period; |
| Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income do not reflect the impact of certain cash charges resulting from matters C1 considers not to be indicative of its ongoing operations; |
| other companies in C1s industry may calculate Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income, differently than C1 does, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures. |
C1 compensates for these limitations to Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income by relying primarily on its GAAP results and using Adjusted Revenue, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income only for supplemental purposes. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, and Adjusted Net Income include adjustments for items that may occur in future periods. However, C1 believes these adjustments are appropriate because the amounts recognized can vary significantly from period to period, do not directly relate to the ongoing operations of its business, and complicate comparisons of its internal operating results and operating results of other peer companies over time. For example, it is useful to exclude non-cash, stock-based compensation expenses because the amount of such expenses in any specific period may not directly correlate to the underlying performance of C1s business operations and these expenses can vary significantly across periods due to timing of new stock-based awards. C1 also excludes certain discrete, unusual, one-time, or non-cash costs, including transaction costs, and the income tax impact of adjustments in order to facilitate a more useful period-over-period comparison of its financial performance. Each of the normal recurring adjustments and other adjustments described in this paragraph help management with a measure of C1s operating performance over time by removing items that are not related to day-to-day operations or are non-cash expenses. In addition, the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA is different than the calculation of Earnout EBITDA. See C1s historical consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this proxy statement/prospectus for its GAAP results.
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS OF C1
The following discussion and analysis of C1s financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with its consolidated financial statements and related notes that appear elsewhere in this prospectus. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect C1s plans, estimates and beliefs. C1s actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere particularly in the section titled Risk Factors and elsewhere in this prospectus.
Overview
C1 is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. C1 serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation and design through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support. C1s deep technical expertise enables C1 to deliver complex, multi-vendor solutions across a number of delivery models, including on-premise and in private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments. C1 served over 3,400, 3,700, and 7,200 clients in 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively, which includes clients served in 2017 by companies C1 acquired in 2017. From 2015 to 2017, C1 served 57% of the Fortune 100, 43% of the Fortune 500, and 36% of the Fortune 1000, which includes clients served in the same period by companies C1 acquired in 2017.
C1s technical expertise and client-centric culture have led to long-standing, and expanding client relationships. With more than 1,300 highly skilled engineers and consulting professionals and approximately 330 sales professionals, C1 is able to deliver customized services and technology offerings to address the specific needs of its clients. Additionally, among its top 100 clients based on 2017 revenue, C1 has an average tenure of more than nine years. C1 generated 91% and 93% of its total revenue in 2016 and 2017, respectively, from clients it served in a prior year, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions.
C1 designs thousands of solutions each year across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. Collaboration is primarily comprised of software-centric unified communications technology, which enables communication anywhere on any device, and its customer engagement applications which deliver a personalized and omni-channel experience for its clients end customers. C1s other core technology markets, enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security, focus on the critical software and hardware IT infrastructure to enable its clients to securely process and store the applications and information they need to conduct their business. C1s solutions are a combination of our professional services and technology offerings and are complemented by its industry-leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services.
For 2015, 2016, and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 51%, 46%, and 49% of C1s total revenue, respectively, was derived from professional and managed, cloud, and maintenance services and 49%, 54%, and 51% was derived from technology offerings. For 2015, 2016, and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 82%, 68%, and 66% of C1s total revenue, respectively, was derived from its services and technology offerings in the collaboration market. The remaining 18%, 32%, and 34% of C1s total revenue, respectively, was derived from its enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security services and technology offerings. In 2015, C1 acquired SIGMAnet, MSN, and Sunturn. C1s 2015 acquisitions have been fully integrated into C1s operations. In 2017, C1 acquired Annese, SPS and RGTS which significantly affects comparability of its 2016 and 2017 results of operations and metrics. Please see the section below titled Recent Acquisitions for further information regarding these acquisitions.
Services
In 2015, 2016, and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 37%, 38%, and 35% of C1s services revenue, respectively, came from professional services and 63%, 62%, and 65%, respectively, was derived from managed, cloud, and maintenance services. For 2015, 2016, and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, services in the collaboration market comprised 95%, 85%, and 82%, respectively, of C1s services revenue.
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Technology Offerings
For 2015, 2016, and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, 70%, 53%, and 51% of C1s technology offerings revenue, respectively, was generated by technology offerings in the collaboration market.
C1s Corporate History
Since C1s founding in 1993, its client-centric culture has defined how it operates. C1 has worked, since the beginning, to deliver innovative multi-vendor services and solutions to solve its clients IT challenges and to help them grow. C1s business model has driven its internal organic growth while at the same time allowing it to add capabilities and vendor relationships through both internal investments and acquisitions.
In June 2014, C1 was acquired by a fund managed by Clearlake Capital Group, L.P., which, together with its affiliates and related persons, refers to Clearlake, a private investment firm with a sector-focused approach. After completion of the business combination, Clearlake will continue to own a majority of outstanding shares of C1s common stock.
Recent Acquisitions
In December 2017, C1 acquired AOS, Inc., or AOS, for cash consideration of $65.9 million. The acquisition increases C1s presence in the Midwest and broaden its portfolio of collaboration services and solutions capabilities.
In September 2017, C1 acquired Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc., or RGTS, for cash consideration of $20.9 million. The acquisition increases C1s presence in the New York City market and brings additional capabilities in collaboration and cloud.
In August 2017, C1 acquired SPS Holdco, LLC, or SPS, for cash consideration of $51.1 million. The acquisition brought additional solutions and services capabilities in collaboration and video.
In July 2017, C1 acquired Annese & Associates, Inc., or Annese, for cash consideration of $24.5 million plus additional contingent consideration of up to $4 million. The Annese acquisition brought additional solutions and service capabilities in enterprise networking, security, collaboration, and cloud, backed by four decades of experience and expertise.
C1 made three strategic acquisitions in 2015 for an aggregate consideration of $66.8 million net of cash received. C1 acquired Sunturn to expand its core collaboration solutions and fully integrated the business as of July 31, 2015, at which time C1 no longer prepared standalone financial statements for Sunturn. The MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions significantly expanded C1s broader enterprise networking capabilities as well as its collaboration, cloud, and security offerings.
Factors Affecting C1s Operating Performance
C1 believes the following trends and factors may have an impact on C1s operating performance.
Evolution of cloud-based collaboration solutions. Within the broader unified communications and customer engagement market, cloud and hosted solutions are expected to grow faster than on-premise solutions as organizations increasingly look for scalable, agile, and mobile-enabled solutions while simultaneously seeking to reduce capital costs. As a result, enterprises are shifting from on-premise, hardware infrastructure to software-centric hosted and cloud solutions. Given C1s ability to deliver collaboration and other technology offerings over private, hybrid, C1 Cloud, and public cloud environments, C1 believes it is well positioned to benefit from these trends and expect these trends to drive growth in its managed, cloud, and maintenance services business, which typically have multi-year contractual terms and high renewal rates. C1 calculates renewal rate as the annual contract value, or ACV, of contracts renewed as a percentage of the total ACV up for renewal in an applicable period. This can result in a renewal rate greater than 100% in the event that a contract renews at a higher value than the expiring contract value. Additionally, C1 excludes customer bankruptcies, site closures, short term contracts and other adjustments in the calculation of the renewal rate.
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Growing complexity of technology solutions and expansion of C1s services business mix . Due to increased technology and vendor complexity, C1 is seeing an increased demand for multi-vendor IT solutions. As a result, enterprises are increasingly seeking the assistance of IT service providers who have the expertise to consult, design, integrate, and manage their technology solutions and platforms. Given C1s technical expertise, leading managed, cloud, and maintenance services, and customized services approach, C1 expects that its services offerings will comprise a higher percentage of its revenue in the future, which would have a favorable impact on its gross margins.
C1s ability to increase penetration of its existing, long-standing clients . C1s future growth will depend in part on its ability to expand sales of its services and solutions to its existing clients. For 2016 and 2017, 91% and 93%, respectively, of C1s total revenue was derived from clients it served in a prior year, excluding the impact of C1s 2017 acquisitions. C1 believes it is well positioned to identify new opportunities to expand or sell new services and solutions to its existing clients. For 2015 and 2016, 82% and 68% of C1s total revenue, respectively, came from collaboration solutions, and C1 believes there are additional opportunities to sell its other technology offerings, including enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security into its existing client base. In addition, C1 believes there is opportunity to further penetrate its existing client base with its managed, cloud, and maintenance services.
Customer adoption of C1s expanding technology offerings and services. C1 plans to continue to invest in the development of its innovative and client-centric services and solutions. As technology becomes increasingly complex and clients look to reduce their capital cost, C1 believes its clients will transition from maintenance to managed services, and ultimately to cloud services. Most recently, C1 added advanced monitoring capabilities for its managed services platform, developed its own cloud hosted capabilities, and, through acquisitions, significantly bolstered its security technical expertise, offering end-to-end network and data security services and solutions to its clients. C1 believes that customer adoption of its cloud and security technology offerings and managed and hosted services can drive growth in its business over time.
Continue to maintain relationships with key technology partners . Through C1s leading professional services capabilities, C1 designs thousands of solutions a year for its clients across its core technology markets: (i) collaboration and (ii) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security. C1 is vendor agnostic as it enjoys strong relationships with more than 300 leading and next-generation technology partners. In order to retain access to the best-of-breed solutions and offer the latest technology solutions, C1 needs to continue to maintain its relationships with existing key technology partners and develop new relationships.
Impact of Avaya Restructuring. Avaya, which was C1s largest vendor as a percentage of C1s technology offerings revenue in 2015 and 2016, filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 in January 2017, filed its preliminary plan of reorganization in April 2017 and had its Chapter 11 plan of reorganization approved by the Bankruptcy Court in November 2017. As a result of Avayas restructuring, new or existing clients have, in same cases, elected to delay purchasing decisions with respect to Avaya technology offerings or have chosen to replace existing Avaya technology offerings with the technology offerings of other vendors. Delays in customer purchasing decisions, or an election by C1s clients to purchase alternative technology offerings from C1 or from other providers, has resulted in decreased technology offerings revenue in 2017 and could result in lower revenues and gross profits or margins or otherwise have an adverse effect on its business in the future. Management continues to evaluate the impact that Avayas reorganization has had on C1s results of operations and financial condition.
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Key Business Metrics
C1s management regularly monitors certain financial measures to track the progress of its business against internal goals and targets. C1 believes that the most important of these measures include Adjusted Revenue, Gross Margin, Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA Margin, Adjusted Net Income, and Services Revenue as a Percentage of Total Revenue.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
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2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands, except percentages) | ||||||||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||
Adjusted Revenue |
603,719 | 815,912 | 605,333 | 623,914 | ||||||||||||
Services mix: |
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Professional services revenue as a percentage of total revenue |
19 | % | 17 | % | 17 | % | 17 | % | ||||||||
Managed, cloud, and maintenance services revenue as a percentage of total revenue |
32 | 29 | 28 | 32 | ||||||||||||
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Services revenue as a percentage of total revenue |
51 | % | 46 | % | 45 | % | 49 | % | ||||||||
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Gross margin |
32 | % | 31 | % | 30 | % | 29 | % | ||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Adjusted Net Income |
24,358 | 34,488 | 23,922 | 17,485 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA |
62,809 | 83,785 | 58,698 | 58,058 | ||||||||||||
Adjusted EBITDA Margin |
10.4 | % | 10.3 | % | 9.7 | % | 9.3 | % |
Adjusted Revenue
Adjusted Revenue is a non-GAAP financial measure. C1 believes that Adjusted Revenue provides supplemental information with respect to its revenue activity associated with its ongoing operations. C1 defines Adjusted Revenue as total revenue adjusted to exclude non-cash acquisition accounting adjustments to revenue as a result of its acquisitions.
For more information about Adjusted Revenue and a reconciliation of Adjusted Revenue to total revenue, the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, see the section titled Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures .
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin
Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are non-GAAP financial measures. Management uses Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin (1) to compare C1s operating performance on a consistent basis, (2) to calculate incentive compensation for its employees, (3) for planning purposes including the preparation of its internal annual operating budget, (4) to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of its operational strategies, and (5) to assess compliance with various metrics associated with the agreements governing C1s indebtedness. Accordingly, C1 believes that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating our operating performance in the same manner as management.
C1 defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus (a) total depreciation and amortization, (b) interest expense and other, net, and (c) income tax expense, as further adjusted to eliminate non-cash stock-based compensation expense, acquisition accounting adjustments, transaction costs, and other one-time nonrecurring costs. C1 does not believe these adjustments are indicative of its ongoing performance. For more information about Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted EBITDA see the section titled Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures .
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Adjusted EBITDA Margin measures C1s Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of total revenue. For more information about Adjusted EBITDA Margin see the section titled Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures .
Services Revenue as a Percentage of Total Revenue
As a services-driven organization, C1 views services revenue as a percentage of revenue as a key measure in the successful execution of C1s operating strategies and the profitability of its business.
C1s professional services involves the consultation, design, integration and implementation, application development, and program management of customized solutions for core technology markets. C1 views professional services as a percentage of revenue as a key measure in the successful execution of its operating strategies of leading client engagements with professional services and the profitability of its business.
C1 provides comprehensive managed, cloud, and maintenance services to its clients across its core technology markets. Given these services typically have multi-year contractual terms, with high renewal rates, C1 views managed, cloud, and maintenance services as a percentage of revenue as a key measure of its revenue visibility and profitability of its business.
Adjusted Net Income
Adjusted Net Income is a non-GAAP financial measure, which management uses in this prospectus and in its evaluation of past performance, trends, and prospects for the future. Management uses Adjusted Net Income (1) to compare C1s operating performance on a consistent basis, (2) for planning purposes including the preparation of C1s internal annual operating budget, and (3) to evaluate the performance and effectiveness of C1s operational strategies. Accordingly, C1 believes that Adjusted Net Income provides useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating C1s operating performance in the same manner as management. C1 believes that Adjusted Net Income is utilized by investors and other interested parties as a measure of C1s comparative operating performance period-over-period that considers the impact of certain items that do not directly correlate to C1s ongoing operating performance and that vary significantly from period to period, such as the interest expense associated with its outstanding debt, as well as the impact of depreciation on our fixed assets and income taxes. C1 defines Adjusted Net Income as net income (loss) adjusted to exclude (a) amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets, (b) amortization of debt issuance costs, (c) non-cash share-based compensation expense, (d) costs related to debt refinancing, (e) acquisition accounting adjustments, (f) transaction costs, (g) other costs, and (h) the income tax impact associated with the foregoing items. C1 does not believe these adjustments are indicative of its ongoing performance. For more information about Adjusted Net Income and a reconciliation of net income (loss), the most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, to Adjusted Net Income see the section titled Selected Consolidated Financial and Other Data of C1Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures .
Components of Results of Operations
There are a number of factors that impact the revenue and margin profile of the services and technology offerings C1 provides, including, but not limited to, solution and technology complexity, technical expertise requiring the combination of products and types of services provided, as well as other elements that may be specific to a particular client solution.
Revenue
C1s revenue consists of the sale of its technology offerings and services. C1 separately presents technology offerings and services revenue, along with the associated cost of revenue, in its consolidated statements of operations.
Technology Offerings Revenue
Technology offerings revenue includes revenue from the sale of hardware and software products and is generally recognized on a gross basis with the selling price to the client recorded as revenue because C1 acts as
221
the primary obligor under these contracts. Revenue is generally recognized when the title and risk of loss are passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for sale, the sales price is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Hardware and software items can be delivered to C1s clients in a variety of ways including shipping from its facilities, via drop-shipment by the vendor or distributor, or via electronic delivery for software licenses.
Services Revenue
Services revenue includes:
Revenue for Professional Services. Revenue for professional services is generally recognized when professional services are performed and all obligations have been substantially met. The majority of professional services revenue is fixed price.
Revenue for Managed, Cloud, and Maintenance Services. Revenue for managed and cloud services is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the contractual term of the arrangements, which is consistent with the timing of services rendered. Revenue from the sale of third-party retail maintenance contracts is recognized net of the related cost of revenue. In third-party retail maintenance contracts, all services are provided by third-party providers and, as a result, C1 is acting as an agent and not considered the primary obligor. As C1 is under no obligation to perform additional services, revenue is recognized at the time of sale. Revenue from the sale of third-party wholesale maintenance contracts is recognized on a gross basis at the time of sale with the selling price to the client recorded as revenue and the acquisition cost recorded as cost of revenue. Based upon the evaluation of indicators for gross and net reporting, C1 has concluded that it is acting as a principal in these contracts.
Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
Technology Offerings Gross Profit
Technology offerings gross profit is equal to technology offerings revenue less the acquisition cost of the product, recorded as cost of revenue, net of technology partners and distributor rebates. Technology offerings gross profit is impacted by the complexity of hardware and software sold in C1s solutions, as well as the mix of product type with generally higher gross profits coming from the sale of collaboration products.
Services Gross Profit
Services gross profit is equal to services revenue less cost of revenue associated with services.
Professional Services Gross Profit . Cost of revenue associated with professional services includes the compensation, benefits, and other costs associated with C1s delivery and project management engineering team, as well as costs charged by third-party contractors. Costs associated with C1s delivery and project management engineering team are generally recognized as incurred. Costs charged by third-party contractors are initially deferred as prepaid expense and generally recorded as cost of revenue when the professional service project is complete or when contractual milestones have been achieved. As a result, C1s services gross profit may fluctuate from period to period.
Managed, Cloud, and Maintenance Services Gross Profit . Compensation, benefits, and other costs associated with C1s managed and in-house maintenance services engineering team, costs charged by subcontractors, and costs of running its three Network Operations Centers, or NOCs, are recorded as cost of revenue as incurred. These costs include depreciation of certain equipment and software utilized in C1s NOCs in support of its managed, cloud, and maintenance services contracts. C1 incurs external costs associated with professional and managed services, primarily related to purchasing maintenance support contracts with third-party manufacturers and software licenses, which are generally prepaid. These costs, associated with maintenance contracts where C1 has an obligation to perform services, are incurred specifically to assist C1 in rendering services to C1s customers and are recorded as deferred customer support contract costs at the time the costs are incurred. The costs are amortized to expense as a cost of revenueservices on a straight-line basis over
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the period during which C1 fulfills its performance obligation. Third-party wholesale maintenance services cost of revenue is the acquisition cost from technology partners. In addition, C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services gross profit is impacted by the mix of wholesale versus retail third-party maintenance revenue and the average contractual length of the third-party maintenance agreements.
Services gross profit is generally impacted by C1s ability to negotiate longer term managed and cloud contracts with its clients, maintaining a high contract renewal rate, effectively managing its service level agreements, or SLAs, resolving a large percentage of the incidents in-house, increasing utilization rates of its NOC engineers, and timing of revenue recognition. C1s services gross profit is impacted by its ability to deliver on fixed-price professional services engagements within scope, and its ability to keep its delivery engineers utilized.
Gross margin measures C1s gross profit as a percentage of revenue. Gross margin is generally impacted by changes in the mix of product type sold as well as the mix of services versus technology offerings revenue, with generally higher gross margins coming from the sale of collaboration products and services revenue.
Operating Expenses
C1s operating expenses include sales and marketing expenses, general and administrative expenses, transaction costs, and depreciation and amortization.
Sales and Marketing Expense. Sales and marketing expense is comprised of compensation, commission expense, variable incentive pay, and benefits related to C1s sales personnel, along with travel expenses, other employee related costs including share based compensation, and expenses related to marketing programs and events. Commission expenses are largely driven by gross margin performance and are generally paid to the sales personnel when the solutions revenue has been collected from the client.
General and Administrative Expense . General and administrative expense is comprised of compensation and benefits of administrative personnel, including variable incentive pay and share-based compensation, and other administrative costs such as facilities expenses, professional fees, and travel expenses.
Transaction Costs . Transaction costs include acquisition-related expenses, including integration costs, employee retention bonuses, severance charges, transaction-related professional fees, including legal, accounting, tax and advisory fees, and acquisition-related integration costs. These costs are expected to increase to the extent C1 pursues additional acquisitions.
Depreciation and Amortization Expense. Depreciation expense relates to C1s fixed assets except for assets used in cost of revenue. Amortization expense relates to intangible assets C1 acquired in its business acquisitions.
Interest Expense and Other, Net
Interest expense and other, net includes interest expense associated with C1s outstanding debt and costs associated with the refinancing of its debt, which includes debt extinguishment losses. C1 also may seek to finance strategic acquisitions in the future with the proceeds from additional debt incurrences, which may have an impact on its interest expense.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
C1 is subject to U.S. federal income taxes, state income taxes net of federal income tax effect, and nondeductible expenses. C1s effective tax rate will vary depending on permanent non-deductible expenses and other factors.
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Results of Operations
The following tables set forth C1s consolidated financial data in dollar amounts and as a percentage of total revenue.
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | ||||||||
Services |
303,983 | 375,805 | 271,842 | 304,499 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenue |
601,464 | 815,609 | 605,081 | 619,700 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cost of revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
220,377 | 333,082 | 254,532 | 245,732 | ||||||||||||
Services |
187,641 | 233,283 | 170,274 | 191,965 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total cost of revenue |
408,018 | 566,365 | 424,806 | 437,697 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
77,104 | 106,722 | 78,707 | 69,469 | ||||||||||||
Services |
116,342 | 142,522 | 101,568 | 112,534 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total gross profit |
193,446 | 249,244 | 180,275 | 182,003 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
96,578 | 128,733 | 93,998 | 93,904 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
36,955 | 40,262 | 30,081 | 36,989 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,520 | 27,692 | 20,697 | 23,112 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total operating expenses |
162,731 | 202,742 | 149,913 | 159,960 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating income |
30,715 | 46,502 | 30,362 | 22,043 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other (income) expense |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
(26 | ) | (11 | ) | (6 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense |
23,072 | 31,438 | 18,829 | 41,553 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
72 | 10 | 1 | 49 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total other expense, net |
23,118 | 31,437 | 18,824 | 41,551 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes |
7,597 | 15,065 | 11,538 | (19,508 | ) | |||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(as a percentage of total revenue) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
49.5 | % | 53.9 | % | 55.1 | % | 50.9 | % | ||||||||
Services |
50.5 | 46.1 | 44.9 | 49.1 | % | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenue |
100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross margin |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
25.9 | % | 24.3 | % | 23.6 | % | 22.0 | % | ||||||||
Services |
38.3 | 37.9 | 37.4 | 37.0 | ||||||||||||
Total gross margin |
32.2 | 30.6 | 29.8 | 29.4 |
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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016 Compared to the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
Revenue
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | $ | (18,038 | ) | (5.4 | )% | |||||||
Services |
271,842 | 304,499 | 32,657 | 12.0 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | $ | 14,619 | 2.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Technology offerings as a percentage of total revenue |
55.1 | % | 50.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Services as a percentage of total revenue |
44.9 | 49.1 |
Total revenue increased $14.6 million, or 2.4%, from $605.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $619.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The revenue increase was primarily driven by the $32.7 million growth in C1s services partially offset by a $18.0 million decline in technology offerings.
Technology offerings revenue decreased $18.0 million, or 5.4%, from $333.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $315.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The technology offerings revenue decrease was primarily due to a decline in sales in the collaboration market as a result of Avaya filing for bankruptcy in January 2017. Avayas bankruptcy filing has caused some of our clients to delay collaboration technology offerings purchasing decisions as Avaya worked through their bankruptcy. Avaya is one of our significant collaboration partners thus causing a decline in our collaboration technology offerings revenue. Technology offerings revenue from the Annese and SPS acquisitions accounted for $21.2 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Services revenue increased $32.7 million, or 12.0%, from $271.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $304.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The services revenue growth was primarily driven by revenue growth for managed, cloud, and maintenance services due to new contracts. Services revenue from the Annese, RGTS and SPS acquisitions accounted for $30.9 million in the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Revenue by Core Technology Market
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Collaboration revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 170,731 | $ | 159,246 | $ | (11,485 | ) | (6.7 | )% | |||||||
Services |
233,984 | 250,779 | 16,795 | 7.2 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total collaboration revenue |
$ | 404,715 | $ | 410,025 | $ | 5,310 | 1.3 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 162,508 | $ | 155,955 | $ | (6,553 | ) | (4.0 | ) | |||||||
Services |
37,858 | 53,720 | 15,862 | 41.9 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security revenue |
$ | 200,366 | $ | 209,675 | $ | 9,309 | 4.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | $ | 14,619 | 2.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
225
Collaboration
Collaboration revenue increased $5.3 million, or 1.3%, from $404.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $410.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Of the increase, $16.8 million was the result of an increase in services revenue offset by an $11.5 million decrease in technology offerings revenue. The increase in collaboration services revenue of $16.8 million is primarily due to a $28.2 million increase in contractual services revenue from the SPS, Annese and RGTS acquisitions offset by a decrease due to delayed purchasing decisions and timing of contract renewals for some large customers related to the Avaya bankruptcy, which C1 does not believe will impact its future revenues or financial position. The decrease in collaboration technology revenue of $11.5 million was due to clients delayed purchasing decisions related to the Avaya bankruptcy offset by $8.4 million from the SPS, Annese and RGTS acquisitions.
Enterprise, Networking, Data Center, Cloud, and Security
Enterprise, networking, data center, cloud, and security revenue increased $9.3 million, or 4.6%, from $200.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $209.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Of the increase, $15.9 million was the result of an increase in services revenue primarily related to an increase in contractual services revenue and from the Annese acquisition. The increase from services revenue was partially offset by a decrease of $6.6 million in technology offerings revenue due to timing of some large customer orders.
Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 254,532 | $ | 245,732 | $ | (8,800 | ) | (3.5 | )% | |||||||
Services |
170,274 | 191,965 | 21,691 | 12.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total cost of revenue |
$ | 424,806 | $ | 437,697 | $ | 12,891 | 3.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 78,707 | $ | 69,469 | $ | (9,238 | ) | (11.7 | )% | |||||||
Services |
101,568 | 112,534 | 10,966 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total gross profit |
$ | 180,275 | $ | 182,003 | $ | 1,728 | 1.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Gross Margin |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
23.6 | % | 22.0 | % | ||||||||||||
Services |
37.4 | 37.0 | ||||||||||||||
Total gross margin |
29.8 | 29.4 |
Total gross profit increased $1.7 million, or 1.0%, from $180.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $182.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Total gross margin decreased 40 basis points from 29.8% of total revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to 29.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Total gross profit from the Annese, RGTS and SPS acquisitions accounted for $15.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Technology offering gross margin decreased 160 basis points from 23.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to 22.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. Technology offering gross margins decreased primarily due to a shift in product mix from the collaboration market to the enterprise, networking, data center, cloud, and security market, which generally has lower gross margins.
Services gross margin decreased 40 basis points as a percentage of services from 37.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to 37.0% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, primarily due to the declining mix of higher margin collaboration services revenue.
226
Operating Expenses
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) (dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
$ | 93,998 | $ | 93,904 | $ | (94 | ) | (0.1 | )% | |||||||
General and administrative |
30,081 | 36,989 | 6,908 | 23.0 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,137 | 5,955 | 818 | 15.9 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
20,697 | 23,112 | 2,415 | 11.7 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total operating expenses |
$ | 149,913 | $ | 159,960 | $ | 10,047 | 6.7 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales and Marketing Expense
Sales and marketing expense decreased $0.1 million, or 0.1%, from $94.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $93.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in sales and marketing expense was primarily driven by $2.9 million of lower commissions and bonuses due to lower performance against internal budgetary goals $0.6 million lower other expenses, and $0.4 million lower professional fees, offset by $3.9 million higher salaries and benefits.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased $6.9 million, or 23.0%, from $30.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $37.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was primarily due to a $4.2 million increase in salaries and benefits, a $1.2 million increase in office expenses a $0.9 million increase in professional fees, and a $0.8 million in other expense.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs increased $0.8 million, or 15.9%, from $5.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $6.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was due to $2.1 million of additional professional fees related to the three recent acquisitions, partially offset by lower acquisition integration expenses.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $2.4 million, or 11.7%, from $20.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $23.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The increase was primarily due to purchases of property, plant, and equipment and an increase in amortization due to recent acquisitions.
Interest Expense and Other, Net
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
$ | 18,824 | $ | 41,551 | $ | 22,727 | 120.7 | % |
Interest expense and other, net increased $22.7 million, or 120.7%, from $18.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to $41.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 primarily due to $10.3 million of non-recurring, non-cash interest expenses related to unamortized debt issuance costs and $3.4 million of extinguishment costs incurred related to the debt refinancing.
227
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2016 | 2017 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
$ | 5,352 | $ | (6,323) | $ | (11,675) | (218.1) | % |
The effective tax rate decreased from 46.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 to 32.4% for the nine months ended September 30, 2017. The decrease in the effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 is primarily the result of the negative impact of nondeductible expenses on the overall tax benefit on net losses before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Year Ended December 31, 2015 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2016
Revenue
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 142,323 | 47.8 | % | ||||||||
Services |
303,983 | 375,805 | 71,822 | 23.6 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenue |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 214,145 | 35.6 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Technology offerings as a percentage of total revenue |
49.5 | % | 53.9 | % | ||||||||||||
Service as a percentage of total revenue |
50.5 | 46.1 |
Total revenue increased $214.1 million, or 35.6%, from $601.5 million in 2015 to $815.6 million in 2016. Revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions accounted for $69.3 million and $244.1 million of C1s revenue in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, but including the impact of the Sunturn acquisition, C1s total revenue was $532.2 million and $571.5 million in 2015 and 2016, respectively. C1 has not excluded the impact of the Sunturn acquisition as it was fully integrated into its operations during 2015. The revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of $39.3 million was primarily driven by the $7.1 million growth in C1s technology offerings and the $32.2 million growth in services.
Technology offerings revenue increased $142.3 million, or 47.8%, from $297.5 million in 2015 to $439.8 million in 2016. Revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions accounted for $63.2 million and $198.4 million of C1s technology offerings revenue in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, but including the impact of the Sunturn acquisition, C1s technology offerings revenue was $234.3 million and $241.4 million in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of $7.1 million was primarily driven by growth of C1s collaboration solutions due to higher demand from existing clients and new clients.
Services revenue increased $71.8 million, or 23.6%, from $304.0 million in 2015 to $375.8 million in 2016. Revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions accounted for $6.2 million and $45.8 million of C1s services revenue in 2015 and 2016, respectively. Excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, but including the impact of the Sunturn acquisition, C1s services revenue was $297.8 million and $330.0 million in 2015 and 2016, respectively. The revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of $32.2 million was related to a $9.6 million increase in professional services primarily due to higher demand for C1s professional services, in particular from C1s collaboration clients, as well as higher contractual revenue of $22.6 million associated with C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services primarily driven by continued demand for managed services and private cloud services from C1s collaboration clients.
228
Revenue by Core Technology Market
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Collaboration revenue: |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings revenue |
$ | 207,202 | $ | 232,357 | $ | 25,155 | 12.1 | % | ||||||||
Services revenue |
288,167 | 319,208 | 31,041 | 10.8 | ||||||||||||
|
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Total collaboration revenue |
495,369 | 551,565 | 56,196 | 11.3 | ||||||||||||
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Enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security revenue: |
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Technology offerings revenue |
90,279 | 207,447 | 117,168 | 129.8 | ||||||||||||
Services revenue |
15,816 | 56,597 | 40,781 | 257.8 | ||||||||||||
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Total enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security |
106,095 | 264,044 | 157,949 | 148.9 | ||||||||||||
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Total revenue |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 214,145 | 35.6 | |||||||||
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Collaboration
Collaboration revenue increased $56.2 million, or 11.3%, from $495.4 million in 2015 to $551.6 million in 2016. Of the increase, $25.2 million was the result of an increase of technology offerings revenue, and $31.0 million was the result of an increase in services revenue from the collaboration market.
The increase of $25.2 million in technology offerings revenue was driven by revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of $16.7 million due to additional client demand for C1s technology offerings in the collaboration market and $8.5 million related to revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. C1s services revenue increase of $31.0 million in the collaboration market was driven by revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of which $28.5 million was due to higher demand for C1s professional services, as well as higher contractual revenue associated with C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services, and $2.5 million related to revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions.
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud, and Security
Enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security revenue increased $157.9 million, or 148.9%, from $106.1 million in 2015 to $264.0 million in 2016. Of the increase, $117.2 million was the result of an increase of C1s enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security technology offerings revenue and $40.7 million was the result of an increase in C1s enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security services revenue.
C1s enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security technology offerings revenue increase of $117.2 million was primarily due to an increase related to revenue from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. C1s enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security services revenue increase of $40.7 million was primarily due to a $37.0 million increase in revenue related to the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. Revenue growth, excluding the impact of the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, of $3.7 million was primarily due to an increase in demand for C1s professional services and maintenance services.
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Cost of Revenue, Gross Profit, and Gross Margin
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 220,377 | $ | 333,082 | $ | 112,705 | 51.1 | % | ||||||||
Services |
187,641 | 233,283 | 45,642 | 24.3 | ||||||||||||
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Total cost of revenue |
$ | 408,018 | $ | 566,365 | $ | 158,347 | 38.8 | |||||||||
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Gross profit |
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Technology offerings |
$ | 77,104 | $ | 106,722 | $ | 29,618 | 38.4 | % | ||||||||
Services |
116,342 | 142,522 | 26,180 | 22.5 | ||||||||||||
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Total gross profit |
$ | 193,446 | $ | 249,244 | $ | 55,798 | 28.8 | |||||||||
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Gross margin |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
25.9 | % | 24.3 | % | ||||||||||||
Services |
38.3 | 37.9 | ||||||||||||||
Total gross margin |
32.2 | 30.6 |
Total gross profit increased $55.8 million, or 28.8%, from $193.5 million in 2015 to $249.2 million in 2016, primarily as a result of an increase in total cost of revenue of 38.8% between periods. Total gross margin decreased 160 basis points from 32.2% of total revenue in 2015 to 30.6% in 2016. The decrease in total gross margin was primarily due to a decrease in C1s services revenue as a percentage of total revenue and a decrease in C1s collaboration revenue as a percentage of total revenue primarily due to C1s MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. Excluding the impact of the acquisitions, C1s gross margin would have been 32.6% in 2016.
Technology offerings gross margin decreased 160 basis points from 25.9% in 2015 to 24.3% in 2016. The decrease in technology offerings gross margin was primarily due to an increase in total sales in C1s lower margin enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security core technology markets due to the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. Excluding the impact of the acquisitions, C1s technology offerings gross margin would have been 26.4% in 2016, a increase of 50 basis points primarily due to a shift in product mix to higher margin collaboration services.
Services gross margin decreased 160 basis points from 38.3% in 2015 to 37.9% in 2016 primarily due to an increase in revenue of C1s managed, cloud, and maintenance services offset by lower professional services margin from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions. Excluding the impact of the acquisitions, C1s services gross margin would have been 38.2% in 2016.
Operating Expenses
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
$ | 96,578 | $ | 128,733 | $ | 32,155 | 33.3 | % | ||||||||
General and administrative |
36,955 | 40,262 | 3,307 | 8.9 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,678 | 6,055 | 377 | 6.6 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,520 | 27,692 | 4,172 | 17.7 | ||||||||||||
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Total operating expenses |
$ | 162,731 | $ | 202,742 | $ | 40,011 | 24.6 | |||||||||
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Sales and Marketing Expense
Sales and marketing expense increased $32.1 million, or 33.3%, from $96.6 million in 2015 to $128.7 million in 2016. Incremental sales and marketing expense from the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions accounted for $22.2 million. The $22.2 million increase was primarily related to higher personnel-related costs of $12.1 million, $8.5 million of sales commissions and bonuses related to higher gross profits and $1.6 million of marketing, meetings and travel, professional fees and office expenses. Sales and marketing expense growth,
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excluding acquisitions, of $9.9 million was driven by $4.2 million of higher personnel-related expenses related to an increase in sales personnel, $4.2 million of commissions and bonuses due to improved performance, and $1.5 million of marketing, meetings and travel, and professional fees.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased $3.3 million, or 8.9%, from $37.0 million in 2015 to $40.3 million in 2016. General and administrative expense increased $4.5 million due to MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, partially offset by a decrease in expenses of $1.2 million due to continued cost management.
Transaction Costs
Transaction costs increased $0.4 million, or 6.6%, from $5.7 million in 2015 to $6.1 million in 2016, primarily due to acquisition-related integration costs.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $4.2 million, or 17.7%, from $23.5 million in 2015 to $27.7 million in 2016, primarily due to $3.2 million in higher amortization expense associated with acquired intangible assets related to its MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions, offset by a $1.0 million reduction for assets that are fully amortized. Depreciation expense increased $2.0 million as a result of property and equipment acquired related to the MSN and SIGMAnet acquisitions and current year purchases.
Interest Expense and Other, Net
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
$ | 23,118 | $ | 31,437 | $ | 8,319 | 36.0 | % |
Interest expense and other, net increased $8.3 million, or 36.0%, from $23.1 million in 2015 to $31.4 million in 2016. The net increase was primarily due to the refinancing of C1s debt, which resulted in higher interest expense associated with increased debt balances as a result of borrowings used to pay for the October 2016 cash distribution to stockholders. In addition, interest expense in 2016 included $4.5 million in costs associated with the refinancing of C1s debt, consisting of $1.8 million in transaction costs, $1.5 million in debt extinguishment losses, and a $1.2 million write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs.
Income Tax Expense
Year Ended
December 31, |
Change | |||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | Amount | % | |||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Income tax expense |
$ | 3,574 | $ | 6,716 | $ | 3,142 | 87.9 | % |
Income tax expense increased $3.1 million, from $3.6 million in 2015 to $6.7 million in 2016, primarily due to an increase in the pre-tax income offset by a lower effective tax rate. The effective tax rate decreased from 47.0% in 2015 to 44.6% in 2016, as a result of lower state income taxes as a percentage of taxable income and the effect of an acquisition accounting adjustment, offset partially by an increase in the effect of higher nondeductible expenses and other items.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2017, C1 had $7.7 million of cash. C1 believes its cash and cash flows from operations, will be sufficient to support its planned operations for at least the next 12 months. C1 finances its operations and capital expenditures through a combination of internally generated cash from operations and from
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borrowings under its revolver. C1s long-term needs primarily include meeting debt service requirements, working capital requirements, and capital expenditures. C1 may also pursue strategic acquisition opportunities that may impact its future cash requirements. There are a number of factors that may negatively impact C1s available sources of funds in the future including the ability to generate cash from operations and borrow on its debt facilities. The amount of cash generated from operations is dependent upon factors such as the successful execution of C1s business strategies and general economic conditions. The amount of cash available for borrowings under C1s various debt facilities is dependent on its ability to maintain sufficient collateral and general financial conditions in the marketplace.
C1 may opportunistically raise debt capital, subject to market and other conditions, to refinance its existing capital structure at a lower cost of capital. Additionally, as part of its growth strategies, C1 may also raise debt capital for strategic alternatives and general corporate purposes. If additional financing is required from outside sources, C1 may not be able to raise it on terms acceptable to it or at all. If C1 is unable to raise additional capital when desired, its business, operating results, and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Indebtedness
In June 2014, C1 entered into a $190 million first lien term loan, an $80 million second lien term loan, and a $25 million undrawn revolver. In May 2015, C1 borrowed an additional $50 million as an incremental facility to partially fund its recent acquisitions. In October 2016, C1 amended the credit agreements governing its first lien term loan, second lien term loan, and revolver to, among other things, permit a $90 million shareholder distribution and increase the maximum borrowing availability of its revolver by $40 million to $65 million. In March 2017, C1 entered into an incremental term loan joinder agreement to increase its first lien term loan commitments in an aggregate amount of $50 million to fund future acquisitions and provide working capital. C1 borrowed $10 million under the new agreement for working capital purposes in March 2017.
In June 2017, C1 paid off the existing first and second lien credit agreements including the revolving line-of-credit commitment in its entirety and entered into a new financing arrangement. C1 entered into a $430 million term loan agreement with a maturity date in June 2024. In July 2017, C1 borrowed an additional $75 million as an incremental term loan to partially fund its acquisitions, which also matures in June 2024. In October 2017, C1 borrowed an additional $60 million as an incremental term loan, which also matures in June 2024. In addition, in June 2017 C1 entered into a revolving loan agreement that provides a loan facility of $150 million and amended and restated the existing floorplan arrangement to extend credit in the form of floorplan advances, up to $150 million. The revolver agreement matures June 2022.
A portion of the proceeds of the term loan were used to repay the previously existing first and second lien credit agreements and debt issuance costs. Remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and general corporate purposes. Please see the section titled Description of Indebtedness of C1 for further information.
Liquidity
C1 generally funds its short- and long-term liquidity needs through a combination of cash on hand, cash flows generated from operations, and available borrowings under its revolving credit facility. C1s management regularly monitors certain liquidity measures to monitor performance. C1 believes that the most important of those measures include net debt and available liquidity.
As of
December 31, |
As of
September 30, |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Net debt |
$ | 311,465 | $ | 394,506 | $ | 522,242 | ||||||
Available liquidity |
30,307 | 74,632 | 98,689 |
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Net Debt
C1 defines net debt as total debt less cash. The following table presents C1s calculation of net debt as of the dates as indicated:
As of
December 31, |
As of
September 30, |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Long term debt, net of debt issuance costs and current maturities |
$ | 314,508 | $ | 388,964 | $ | 514,503 | ||||||
Plus unamortized debt issuance costs |
9,860 | 11,850 | 10,372 | |||||||||
Plus current maturities of term debt |
2,404 | 3,324 | 5,050 | |||||||||
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|
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Total debt |
326,722 | 404,138 | 529,925 | |||||||||
Less cash |
15,307 | 9,632 | 7,683 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
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Net debt |
$ | 311,465 | $ | 394,506 | $ | 522,242 | ||||||
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Available Liquidity
C1 calculates its available liquidity as a sum of cash from our consolidated balance sheet plus the amount available and unutilized on its revolving credit facilities.
The following table presents C1s calculation of available liquidity as of the dates as indicated:
As of
December 31, |
As of
September 30, |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 15,307 | $ | 9,632 | $ | 7,683 | ||||||
Unutilized revolver |
15,000 | 65,000 | 91,006 | |||||||||
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Available liquidity |
$ | 30,307 | $ | 74,632 | $ | 98,689 | ||||||
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Cash Flows
The following table shows C1s cash flows for 2015 and 2016 and the nine month periods ended September 30, 2016 and 2017:
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
$ | 14,470 | $ | 22,856 | $ | 10,398 | $ | (6,654 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(72,523 | ) | (9,025 | ) | (6,358 | ) | (104,794 | ) | ||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
56,298 | (19,506 | ) | (11,803 | ) | 109,499 |
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities consists of net income (loss) adjusted for noncash items, such as: depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangible assets, deferred income taxes, stock-based compensation, amortization of debt issuance costs, losses on extinguishments of debt or disposals of property and equipment, and for changes in net working capital assets and liabilities. The cash impact of changes in deferred income taxes primarily relates to temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Generally, the most significant factor relates to nondeductible book amortization expense associated with intangible assets. The
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timing between the conversion of C1s receivables into cash from its customers and disbursements to its vendors is the primarily driver of changes in C1s working capital.
Net cash provided by operating activities for 2016 was $22.9 million. This was primarily attributable to net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization of $36.9 million partially offset by several working capital component changes that aggregate to a net $16.2 million use of cash for operating activities. The most significant working capital component changes relate to: (1) an $11.1 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses due to a decrease in the days outstanding as well as changes in the timing of purchases and (2) a $5.5 million increase in accounts receivable driven by increased revenues in 2016 as compared to 2015. A $2.7 million loss on the extinguishment of debt related to C1s debt refinancing also increased net cash provided by operating activities for 2016.
Net cash provided by operating activities for 2015 was $14.5 million. This was primarily attributable to net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization of $27.9 million partially offset by several working capital component changes that aggregate to a net $12.9 million use of cash for operating activities. The most significant working capital component change relates to a $32.1 million increase in accounts receivable due to significantly higher revenues in 2015 as compared to 2014 and an increase in the days outstanding during 2015. Several other related working capital components changed significantly due to the increase in revenues in 2015, including a $12.9 million increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses due to significantly higher purchasing volume to support the revenue growth, as well as higher accrued compensation due to increased headcount as a result of the three acquisitions during 2015, and a corresponding increase in inventory of $3.7 million. The significant increases in C1s revenues and related cost of services during 2015 as compared to 2014 was due to both its acquisition growth and its organic growth which resulted in a $10.3 million increase in deferred revenue and a $7.7 million increase in prepaid expenses and deferred customer support contracts.
Net cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $6.7 million. This was primarily attributable to net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization of $11.0 million partially offset by several working capital component changes that aggregate to a net $30.1 million use of cash for operating activities. The most significant working capital component changes relate to: (1) a $22.0 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses due to a decrease in the days outstanding as well as changes in the timing of purchases and (2) a $5.7 million decrease in accounts receivable due to a cyclical decrease in sales revenue.
Net cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $10.4 million. This was primarily attributable to net income (loss) before depreciation and amortization of $27.3 million partially offset by several working capital component changes that aggregate to a net $15.3 million use of cash for operating activities. The most significant working capital component change relates to a $19.9 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses. Several other related working capital components changed significantly due to a cyclical decrease in revenues in 2016, including a $2.5 million decrease in accounts receivable.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for 2016 was $9.0 million, primarily due to the purchase of equipment of $9.3 million.
Net cash used in investing activities for 2015 was $72.5 million, primarily due to the acquisition of businesses of $67.0 million and for the purchase of equipment of $5.5 million.
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $104.8 million, primarily due to business acquisition.
Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $6.4 million, primarily due to purchase of equipment.
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Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities for 2016 was $19.5 million and was primarily related to a $10.0 million net payment on C1s revolving credit facility, $2.6 million of principal payments on its first lien term loan, and payment of $5.4 million of costs and charges related to its debt refinancing. An $89.9 million cash distribution to stockholders was paid in 2016, which was funded by proceeds from the October 2016 increase to the first lien term loan.
Net cash provided by financing activities for 2015 was $56.3 million and was primarily related to a $49.8 million increase in C1s first lien term loan as a result of the $50.0 million of borrowings under its first lien term loan in May 2015 to fund acquisitions, $20.0 million borrowings on the revolver, partially offset by $10.0 million of payments on the revolver and $2.3 million of principal payments on its first lien term loan.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 was $109.5 million and was primarily related to proceeds, net of discount, from the refinancing of term loans of $510.1 million offset by the repayment of the existing first and second lien term loans of $415.2 million. $26.0 million was also provided by proceeds from the revolving credit agreements, which was partially offset by a $3.4 million payment of extinguishment charges for repayment of the existing loans, a $6.5 million payment of deferred financing costs for the new term loan, a $1.2 million payment of deferred offering costs, and $0.4 million for repurchase of C1s common stock.
Net cash used in financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 was $11.8 million, and was primarily due to a net $10.0 million repayment of the revolving credit agreement and a $1.8 million payment on long-term debt.
Contractual Obligations and Commitments
Contractual obligations are cash that C1 is obligated to pay as part of certain contracts that it has entered during the course of business. Below is a table that shows the projected outlays as of December 31, 2016:
Payments due by Period: | ||||||||||||||||||||
Total | < 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | > 5 Years | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
First lien term loan (1) |
$ | 324,138 | $ | 3,324 | $ | 6,649 | $ | 314,165 | $ | | ||||||||||
Interest on first lien term loan (2) |
71,357 | 20,927 | 41,095 | 9,335 | | |||||||||||||||
Second lien term loan (1) |
80,000 | | | 80,000 | | |||||||||||||||
Interest on second lien term loan (2) |
36,156 | 8,112 | 16,222 | 11,822 | | |||||||||||||||
Operating leases (3) |
8,624 | 3,317 | 4,138 | 1,125 | 44 | |||||||||||||||
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|
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Total |
$ | 520,275 | $ | 35,680 | $ | 68,104 | $ | 416,447 | $ | 44 | ||||||||||
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(1) | Includes future principal on long-term borrowings through scheduled maturity dates. |
(2) | Interest payments for the first lien term loan and second lien term loan were calculated using interest rates as of December 31, 2016. Excluded from these amounts are the amortization of debt issuance and other costs related to indebtedness. |
(3) | Includes the minimum lease payments for non-cancelable operating leases used in C1s operations. Excluded from these amounts are applicable taxes, insurance, and common area maintenance charges which it is obligated to pay per the terms of its lease agreements. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
During 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2017, C1 did not have any relationships with any entities or financial partnerships, such as structured finance or special purpose entities established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other purposes.
Seasonality
C1s results are affected by the budget cycles of its client base which generally result in stronger sales in the second half of the year. C1 believes this variability is largely due to its clients and technology partners fiscal year ends, as well as budgetary and spending patterns of its clients. As a result of C1s historically higher portion
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of sales in the second half of each year, its cost of revenue and commission expense increase during such periods relative to any increase in revenue. The increased cost of revenue and commission expense, and other impacts of seasonality, may affect profitability in a given quarter.
Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rates are highly sensitive to many factors, including U.S. fiscal and monetary policies and domestic and international economic and political considerations, as well as other factors beyond C1s control. Interest rate risk is the exposure to loss resulting from changes in the level of interest rates and the spread between different interest rates. C1 is exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates on debt, which bears interest at variable rates. C1s debt has floating interest rates. C1 is exposed to changes in the level of interest rates and to changes in the relationship or spread between interest rates for its floating rate debt. C1s floating rate debt requires payments based on variable interest rates such as the federal funds rate, prime rate, eurocurrency rate, and LIBOR. Therefore, increases in interest rates may reduce C1s net income or loss by increasing the cost of debt. As of September 30, 2017, C1 had $530.0 million of total debt subject to variable interest rates. Based on the amount outstanding as of September 30, 2017, if the interest rate on C1s borrowings were to increase by 50 or 100 basis points over a twelve month period, C1s annual interest cost on borrowings subject to variable interest rates would increase or decrease by $2.6 million or $5.3 million, respectively.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
C1s managements discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on its consolidated financial statements which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In preparing its financial statements, C1 makes estimates, assumptions, and judgments that can have a significant impact on its reported revenue, results of operations, and net income or loss, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on its balance sheet during and as of the reporting periods. These estimates, assumptions, and judgments are necessary because future events and their effects on C1s results and the value of its assets cannot be determined with certainty, and are made based on its historical experience and on other assumptions that C1 believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates may change as new events occur or additional information is obtained, and C1 may periodically be faced with uncertainties, the outcomes of which are not within its control and may not be known for a prolonged period of time. Because the use of estimates is inherent in the financial reporting process, actual results could differ from those estimates.
The critical accounting estimates, assumptions, and judgments that C1 believes have the most significant impact on its consolidated financial statements are described below.
Revenue Recognition
Products, installation, and maintenance services are typically sold as a bundled arrangement containing multiple deliverables of new and/or refurbished hardware, software, and professional services associated with installing, maintaining, and managing the business communications systems. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated to the various elements based on the relative selling price of the elements, and each element is considered a separate accounting unit, with recognition of revenue based on the criteria met for the individual element of the multiple-element arrangement. When available, C1 uses vendor-specific objective evidence (VSOE) to determine the selling price of a unit of accounting. If VSOE does not exist, C1 uses third-party evidence of the selling price for similar products and services. For units of accounting in which there is no VSOE or third-party evidence of selling price, C1 uses the best estimate of selling price using a cost plus margin approach.
Technology Offerings Revenue
Revenue for hardware and software. C1 sells communication products, which consist of hardware and essential software. C1 does not provide post-contract customer support for software or incur software
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development costs. The software and hardware are necessary to deliver the essential functionality of the communication products. Revenue from the sale of hardware and software products is generally recognized on a gross basis with the sales price to the customer recorded as revenue and the acquisition cost of the product recorded as cost of revenue, net of certain partner funding. Revenue is recognized when the title and risk of loss are passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for sale, the sales price is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Hardware and software items can be delivered to customers in a variety of ways including as physical products shipped from its warehouses, via drop-shipment by the vendor or distributor, or via electronic delivery for software licenses.
C1 maintains an estimate for sales returns and credit losses based on historical experience. C1s technology partners typically provide warranties to its customers on equipment sold.
Services Revenue
Revenue for Professional Services . C1 recognizes revenue from professional services, which includes the design, configuration, installation, and integration of business communication and data systems, as the services are performed and all obligations have been substantially met.
Revenue for Managed, Cloud, and Maintenance Services . C1 recognizes revenue for managed services, which are for agreements of one year or greater for more than one service offering, on a straight-line basis over the term of the arrangement, which is consistent with the timing of services rendered. C1 incurs external costs associated with professional and managed services, primarily related to purchasing maintenance support contracts with third party manufacturers and software licenses, which are generally prepaid. These costs, associated with maintenance contracts where C1 has an obligation to perform services, are incurred specifically to assist C1 in rendering services to customers and are recorded as deferred customer support contract costs at the time the costs are incurred. The costs are amortized to expense as a cost of revenueservices on a straight-line basis over the period during which C1 fulfills its performance obligation.
C1 considers the principal versus agent accounting guidance to determine if C1 is the primary obligor in the arrangement and if revenue should be recognized gross or net of the associated costs. Applying the principal versus agent accounting guidance is a matter of judgment based on consideration of several factors and indicators.
Revenue from the sale of third-party retail maintenance contracts is recognized net of the related cost of revenue. In third-party retail maintenance contracts, all services are provided by third-party providers and as a result C1 concluded that C1 is acting as an agent and are not considered the primary obligor. As C1 is under no obligation to perform additional services, revenue is recognized at the time of sale.
Revenue from the sale of third-party wholesale maintenance contracts is recognized on a gross basis at the time of sale with the selling price to the client recorded as revenue and the acquisition cost recorded as cost of revenue. Based upon the evaluation of indicators for net and gross reporting, C1 concluded that C1 is acting as a principal in these contracts.
Impairment of Assets
Finite-life intangible assets include customer relationships, trademarks, noncompetition agreements, and internally developed software. These intangible assets are amortized over the estimated period during which the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to future cash flows.
C1 reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances exist that indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The recoverability of long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset group. If the asset or asset group is considered to be impaired, an impairment loss would be recorded to adjust the carrying amounts to the estimated fair value. Management has determined that no impairment of long-lived assets exists, and accordingly, no adjustments to the carrying amounts of C1s long-lived assets has been made for the periods presented.
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Goodwill
C1 records goodwill when the purchase price of a business acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business acquisition. Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit has more likely than not declined below its carrying value. C1 has determined that C1 operates its business in one operating segment and one reporting unit and have selected October 1 as the date to perform its annual impairment test.
C1 performs either a qualitative or quantitative assessment to determine if the fair value of its reporting unit exceeds the carrying value. The qualitative goodwill impairment assessment requires evaluating factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. As part of its goodwill qualitative assessment process, C1 evaluates various factors that are specific to the reporting unit that include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, and our overall financial performance.
When performing the quantitative assessment to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit, C1 considers both comparative market multiples as well as estimated discounted cash flows for the reporting unit. The significant estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates, operating margins, and future economic and market conditions. The discount rates are based upon the reporting units weighted-average cost of capital. If an impairment is identified, the second step is to measure the impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying value of the goodwill for the reporting unit.
C1 performed its annual test in 2016 using a qualitative assessment and determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit was less than the carrying amount. Therefore, C1 did not complete a quantitative analysis and concluded that there was no goodwill impairment during any of the periods presented. C1 believes the qualitative factors considered in the impairment analysis are reasonable, however, significant changes in any one of its assumptions could produce a different result and result in impairment charges that could be material to its consolidated financial statements.
Stock-based Compensation
C1 measures and recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees and directors based on the fair value of the awards as of the date they were each granted and the corresponding expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the awards, both for stock options and restricted stock grants. C1 measures and recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based awards to non-employees based on the fair value of the award, which is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until vested, and the corresponding expense is recognized over the requisite service period.
C1 uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock-based awards. The model utilizes the value of its common stock as well as assumptions regarding the awards expected life, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of the underlying stock, and expected dividends. The specific assumptions C1 uses include the following:
Fair value of its common stock this has historically been determined by management primarily using periodic valuation studies obtained from a third-party valuation firm. In performing its valuation analysis, the valuation firm uses information provided by management and a number of assumptions based on market and economic conditions.
Expected term C1 estimates the expected term using the simplified method due to the lack of historical data regarding the expected life of the awards. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the mid-point between the vesting date and the contractual expiration date of the award.
Risk-free interest rate C1 uses interest rates based on U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the time of grant over the expected term of the award.
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Expected volatility C1 uses the average of the historical volatility of public companies in industries similar to ours.
Dividends C1 has historically not paid dividends.
C1 uses judgment in evaluating the factors used in the Black-Scholes pricing model. As a result, if factors change, stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different in the future.
Stock-based compensation expense is classified as sales and marketing expense or general and administrative expense consistent with other compensation expense associated with the award recipient. C1 has not capitalized stock-based employee compensation cost or recognized any tax benefits related to these costs.
Partner Funding
C1 receives payments and credits from vendors for various programs, including rebates, volume incentive programs, and shared marketing expense programs. Each program varies in length and has varying conditions or achievement targets that determine the amount of consideration C1 is eligible to receive. C1 estimates and recognize the amount of vendor consideration earned when it is probable and reasonably estimable using the information available or historical data. Changes in estimates of the consideration earned could have a material effect on results of operations and cash flows. C1 recognizes vendor consideration as a reduction of either cost of revenue for rebates and volume incentives or operating expenses for shared marketing expenses or marketing development fund programs based on the nature of the consideration earned.
Business Combinations
C1 accounts for business combinations and acquisitions using the acquisition method. The acquisition method requires that the total purchase price of the acquired entity be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the acquisition date. The assets acquired include the analysis and recognition of intangible assets such as customer relationships, trade names, developed technology, and contractual rights and the liabilities assumed include contractual commitments and contingencies. Any premium paid over the fair value of the net assets and liabilities acquired is recorded as goodwill in connection with a business combination. The results of operations for an acquired entity are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On January 1, 2016, C1 adopted Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments , which had been issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, in September 2015. The ASU eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively. Instead, acquirers must recognize measurement-period adjustments during the period in which they determine the amounts, including the effect on net income (loss) of any amounts they would have recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. See Note 1 to C1s consolidated financial statements for discussion of the impacts of this adoption.
On January 1, 2016, C1 adopted ASU 2015-03, InterestImputation of Interest (subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs , which had been issued by the FASB in April 2015. This new standard required that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. The impact of this adoption included reclassification of the deferred financing costs (net of amortization) from other assets to a reduction in the associated debt account of $7,614,000 at December 31, 2015.
During 2016, C1 adopted ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes , which had been issued by the FASB in November 2015. The ASU requires entities to classify deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. C1 adopted the provisions of ASU
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2015-17 retrospectively in the fourth quarter of 2016. Upon adoption, $1.7 million of deferred tax assets previously classified as a component of current assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 have been reclassified as a component of long-term deferred tax liabilities. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 did not have an impact on C1s results of operations or cash flows.
On December 31, 2016, C1 adopted ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial StatementsGoing Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going Concern , which had been issued by the FASB in August 2014. The ASU sets forth guidance regarding managements responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organizations ability to continue as a going concern and provide related footnote disclosures. This standard defines the term substantial doubt, requires management to perform an evaluation every reporting period and provides principles for considering the mitigating effects of managements plans. The adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on C1s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-03, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22, 2016 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings . This ASU amends the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ( ASC or the Codification ) for SEC staff announcements made at recent Emerging Issues Task Force meetings and is effective immediately. The new guidance is intended to provide clarity in relation to the disclosure of the impact that ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-02 will have on C1s consolidated financial statements when adopted. Registrants are required to disclose the effect that recently issued accounting standards will have on their financial statements when adopted in a future period. In cases where a registrant cannot reasonably estimate the impact of the adoption, then additional qualitative disclosures should be considered. The ASU incorporates these SEC staff views into ASC 250 and adds references to that guidance in the transition paragraphs of ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-02, which are defined below. C1 believes disclosures below regarding the impact of recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in a future period are aligned with the guidance in the ASU.
On January 1, 2017, C1 adopted ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which restricts the valuation of inventory to the lower of cost or net realizable value, which is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The adoption of ASU 2015-11 did not have did not have a material impact on C1s consolidated financial statements.
On January I, 2017, C1 adopted ASU 2016-09, CompensationStock Compensatio n (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which provides areas for simplification in the accounting for share-based payment transactions. Areas included for simplification include, but are not limited to, accounting for income taxes, classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows, forfeitures and minimum statutory withholding. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 did not have a material impact on C1s consolidated financial statements.
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which outlines a single, comprehensive model for accounting for revenue from contracts with customers, requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The updated standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either a full retrospective or retrospective with cumulative effect transition method.
In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date , which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year, making it effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted.
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The FASB has issued the following additional ASUs to amend the guidance in ASU 2014-09, all of which have effective dates concurrent with the effective date of ASU 2014-09:
(1) | In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) , which clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations within the new revenue recognition standard. |
(2) | In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) : Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing , which enhances the guidance around identifying performance obligations in customer contracts within the new revenue recognition standard. |
(3) | In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-scope Improvements and Practical Expedients , which provides additional guidance around certain areas of the new revenue recognition standard. These areas include, but are not limited to, assessing the collectability criterion, presentation of sales taxes and accounting for noncash consideration. |
(4) | In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , which provides additional guidance around narrow areas of the new revenue recognition standard. These areas include, but are not limited to, contract costs and modifications and remaining performance obligations. |
C1 does not intend to early adopt the new revenue recognition guidance and therefore all of the ASUs noted above will be effective for C1 for the year ending December 31, 2019. C1 expects to begin evaluating the effect of the revenue recognition ASUs during the second quarter of 2018. The evaluation will include selecting a transition method for these revenue recognition ASUs and determining the effect that the updated standards will have on C1s historical and future consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , which changes the accounting for leases in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance in this ASU supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, Leases . Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The standard has an effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. C1 does not currently intend to early adopt the new leasing guidance and therefore ASU 2016-02 will be effective for C1 the year ending December 31, 2020. C1 has not yet begun to evaluate the effect of the new guidance on C1s consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Receipts and Cash Payments , to address diversity in practice regarding the presentation of eight specific cash flow situations. These situations include, but are not limited to, debt prepayment and debt extinguishment costs and contingent consideration payments made after a business combination. The standard has an effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. C1 is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on C1s consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business , to clarify the definition of a business and add guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The standard has an effective date for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. C1 is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on C1s consolidated financial statements.
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In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment , to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The guidance in this ASU requires an entity to perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value; not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests conducted in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted after January 1, 2017. The new guidance should be applied prospectively. C1 is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on its consolidated financial statements and expects to early adopt ASU 2017-04 in 2017.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting , which clarifies that modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) change as a result of the changes in terms or conditions. ASU 2017-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this standard should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. C1 is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements, but does not believe this update will have a significant impact.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OF FORUM
The following summary of the material terms of the Forums securities following the Business Combination is not intended to be a complete summary of the rights and preferences of such securities. We urge you to read the proposed Amended Charter in its entirety for a complete description of the rights and preferences of Forums securities following the Business Combination. The proposed Amended Charter is described in The Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal , and the full text of the proposed Amended Charter is attached as Annex C to this proxy statement/prospectus.
General
Pursuant to its amended and restated certificate of incorporation, Forum is authorized to issue 40,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, 5,000,000 shares of Class F Common Stock and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001. As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, 18,045,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and 4,312,500 shares of Class F Common Stock are outstanding. No shares of preferred stock are currently outstanding. The following description summarizes the material terms of Forums securities. Because it is only a summary, it may not contain all the information that is important to you.
Units
Each unit consists of one share of Class A Common Stock, one Right and one-half of one Warrant. Each Right entitles the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of Common Stock on the consummation of an initial business combination. Each whole Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock. Pursuant to the warrant agreement, a warrantholder may exercise his, her or its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. This means that only a whole Warrant may be exercised at any given time by a warrantholder. No fractional Warrants will be issued upon separation of the units and only whole Warrants will trade. Accordingly, unless you purchase at least two Units, you will not be able to receive or trade a whole Warrant.
The shares of Class A Common Stock, Rights and Warrants began trading separately on May 2, 2017.
Common Stock
Our stockholders of record are entitled to one vote for each share held on all matters to be voted on by stockholders. In connection with any vote held to approve our initial business combination, the Sponsor, as well as all of our officers and directors, have agreed to vote their respective shares of Common Stock owned by them (including any shares purchased in the Forum IPO or the open market) and the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units in favor of the proposed business combination.
We will consummate our initial business combination only if we have net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation and, solely if a vote is held to approve a business combination, a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock voted are voted in favor of the business combination.
Our board of directors is divided into two classes, each of which will generally serve for a term of two years with only one class of directors being elected in each year. There is no cumulative voting with respect to the election of directors, with the result that the holders of more than 50% of the shares eligible to vote for the election of directors can elect all of the directors.
Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, if we do not consummate an initial business combination by April 12, 2019, our corporate existence will cease except for the purposes of winding up our affairs and liquidating. If we are forced to liquidate prior to an initial business combination, our public stockholders are entitled to share ratably in the Trust Account, based on the amount then held in the Trust Account, and any assets remaining available for distribution to them. Our Sponsor and our officers and directors have agreed to waive their rights to participate in any liquidation distribution occurring upon our failure to consummate an initial business combination with respect to the Class F Common Stock. Our sponsor, officers
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and directors will therefore not participate in any liquidation distribution with respect to such shares. They will, however, participate in any liquidation distribution with respect to any shares of Class A Common Stock acquired in connection with or following the Forum IPO but not with respect to any shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units.
Our stockholders have no conversion, preemptive or other subscription rights and there are no sinking fund or redemption provisions applicable to the shares of Common Stock, except that public stockholders have the right to sell their shares to us in a tender offer or have their shares of Class A Common Stock converted to cash equal to their pro rata share of the Trust Account upon the completion of a business combination. Public stockholders who sell or convert their stock into their share of the Trust Account still have the right to convert the Rights and exercise the Warrants that they received as part of the Units.
Founders Shares
The holders of the Founders Shares have agreed (i) that the Founders Shares are subject to certain transfer restrictions, as described in more detail below and (ii) (A) to waive their redemption rights with respect to the Founders Shares and Public Shares in connection with the completion of our business combination, including the Business Combination and (B) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to the Founders Shares, the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units, the Placement Rights and the Placement Warrants if we fail to complete our business combination by April 12, 2019, although the Sponsor, as our initial stockholder (or any of our executive officers, directors or affiliates) will be entitled to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to any Public Shares acquired if we fail to complete our initial business combination before April 12, 2019. The Founders Shares are automatically convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock at the time of our initial business combination, including the Business Combination, on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment pursuant to certain anti-dilution rights, as described herein. If we submit our business combination to our public stockholders for a vote, our initial stockholder has agreed to vote its Founders Shares, the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying its Placement Units and any Public Shares purchased during or after the Forum IPO in favor of our initial business combination, concluding the Business Combination, and our executive officers and directors have also agreed to vote any Public Shares purchased during or after the Forum IPO in favor of our initial business combination, including the Business Combination.
In the case that additional shares of Class A Common Stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in the Forum IPO and related to the closing of a business combination, including the Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class F Common Stock shall convert into shares of Class A Common Stock will be adjusted so that the number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class F Common Stock will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the total number of all shares of Common Stock outstanding upon completion of the business combination (not including the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Placement Units or the Representative Shares) plus all shares of Class A Common Stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with the business combination, excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in the business combination or pursuant to Units (and their underlying securities) issued to our Sponsor upon conversion of working capital loans, after taking into account any shares of Class A Common Stock redeemed in connection with the business combination. The term equity-linked securities refers to any debt or equity securities that are convertible, exercisable or exchangeable for shares of Class A Common Stock issued in a financing transaction in connection with our initial business combination, including but not limited to a private placement of equity or debt. Pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, holders of the Founders Shares have waived their rights to adjustment pursuant to Forums Charter.
Subject to certain limited exceptions, 50% of their Founders Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until the earlier of (i) one year after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination or (ii) the date on which the closing price of our Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day
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period and the remaining 50% of the Founders Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of our initial business combination. In connection with the Business Combination, pursuant to the Escrow Agreement holders of the Founders Shares have waived their rights to adjustment pursuant to Forums Charter.
Preferred Stock
There are no shares of preferred stock outstanding. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation authorizes the issuance of 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by our board of directors. No shares of preferred stock are being issued or registered in this offering. Accordingly, our board of directors is empowered, without stockholder approval, to issue preferred stock with dividend, liquidation, conversion, voting or other rights which could adversely affect the voting power or other rights of the holders of Common Stock. However, the underwriting agreement for the Forum IPO prohibits us, prior to a business combination, from issuing preferred stock which participates in any manner in the proceeds of the Trust Account, or which votes as a class with the Common Stock on a business combination. We may issue some or all of the preferred stock to effect a business combination. In addition, the preferred stock could be utilized as a method of discouraging, delaying or preventing a change in control of us. Although we do not currently intend to issue any shares of preferred stock, we cannot assure you that we will not do so in the future.
Rights
Each holder of a Right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of Common Stock upon consummation of our initial business combination, even if the holder of such Right redeemed all shares of Common Stock held by it in connection with the initial business combination. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of Rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of an initial business combination, as the consideration related thereto has been included in the unit purchase price paid for by investors in the Forum IPO. If we enter into a definitive agreement for a business combination in which we will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of Rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the Common Stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into Common Stock basis, and each holder of a Right will be required to affirmatively convert its Rights in order to receive the 1/10 share underlying each Right (without paying any additional consideration) upon consummation of the business combination. More specifically, the right holder will be required to indicate its election to convert the Rights into underlying shares as well as to return the original Rights certificates to us.
If we are unable to complete an initial business combination within the required time period and we liquidate the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of Rights will not receive any such funds with respect to their Rights, nor will they receive any distribution from our assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such Rights, and the Rights will expire worthless.
As soon as practicable upon the consummation of our initial business combination, we will direct registered holders of the Rights to return their Rights to our Rights agent. Upon receipt of the Rights, the Rights agent will issue to the registered holder of such Rights the number of full shares of Common Stock to which it is entitled. We will notify registered holders of the Rights to deliver their Rights to the Rights agent promptly upon consummation of such business combination and have been informed by the Rights agent that the process of exchanging their Rights for shares of Common Stock should take no more than a matter of days. The foregoing exchange of Rights is solely ministerial in nature and is not intended to provide us with any means of avoiding our obligation to issue the shares underlying the Rights upon consummation of our initial business combination. Other than confirming that the Rights delivered by a registered holder are valid, we will have no ability to avoid delivery of the shares underlying the Rights. Nevertheless, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the Rights upon consummation of an initial business combination. Additionally, in no event will we be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, the Rights may expire worthless.
The shares issuable upon exchange of the Rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of ours). We will not issue fractional shares upon exchange of the rights. If, upon exchange of the
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rights, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exchange, either round up to the nearest whole number the number of shares to be issued to the Rightholder or otherwise comply with Section 155 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (which provides that Delaware companies shall either (1) arrange for the disposition of fractional interests by those entitled thereto, (2) pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions are determined or (3) issue scrip or warrants in registered form (either represented by a certificate or uncertificated) or in bearer form (represented by a certificate) which shall entitle the holder to receive a full share upon the surrender of such scrip or warrants aggregating a full share). We will make the determination of how we are treating fractional shares at the time of our initial business combination and will include such determination in the proxy materials we will send to stockholders for their consideration of such initial business combination.
Warrants
There are 8,936,250 Warrants outstanding. Each whole Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, at any time commencing on the later of 30 days after the completion of an initial business combination, including the Business Combination or April 12, 2018. Pursuant to the Warrant agreement, a Warrantholder may exercise his, her or its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of Common Stock. This means that only a whole Warrant may be exercised at any given time by a Warrantholder. No fractional Warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole Warrants will trade. Accordingly, unless you purchase at least two Units, you will not be able to receive or trade a whole Warrant. No Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless we have an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of Class A Common Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of our initial business combination, Warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise Warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the Warrants for that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the Warrants and the fair market value (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The fair market value for this purpose will mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of Class A Common Stock for the 5 trading days ending on the trading day prior to the date of exercise. The Warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of our completion of an initial business combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
The Placement Warrants underlying the Placement Units, as well as any Warrants underlying the Units we issue to our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us, will be identical to the Warrants underlying the Units being offered in the Forum IPO except that such Warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, and will not be redeemable by us, in each case so long as they are still held by our Sponsor or their affiliates. The Placement Units and their underlying securities may not be sold or transferred until 30 days after we have completed a business combination.
We may call the Warrants for redemption (excluding the Placement Warrants and any Warrants underlying Units issued to our Sponsor, officers or directors in payment of working capital loans made to us but including any outstanding Warrants issued upon exercise of the UPO issued to EBC and/or its designees), in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Warrant,
| at any time during the exercise period, |
| upon not less than 30 days prior written notice of redemption to each Warrant holder, |
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| if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the shares of Common Stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations), for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to Warrant holders; and |
| if, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying such Warrants. |
The right to exercise will be forfeited unless the Warrants are exercised prior to the date specified in the notice of redemption. On and after the redemption date, a record holder of a Warrant will have no further rights except to receive the redemption price for such holders Warrant upon surrender of such Warrant.
The redemption criteria for Forums Warrants have been established at a price which is intended to provide Warrant holders a reasonable premium to the initial exercise price and provide a sufficient differential between the then-prevailing share price and the Warrant exercise price so that if the share price declines as a result of Forums redemption call, the redemption will not cause the share price to drop below the exercise price of the Warrants.
If Forum calls the Warrants for redemption as described above, Forums management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise Warrants to do so on a cashless basis. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the Warrants for that number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the Warrants and the fair market value (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The fair market value shall mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of Class A Common Stock for the 5 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of Warrants.
The Warrants were issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental, as warrant agent, and Forum. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval, by written consent or vote, of the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Warrants in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders.
The exercise price and number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares of Class A Common Stock at a price below their respective exercise prices.
The Warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the Warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the warrant agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the Warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. The Warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and any voting rights until they exercise their Warrants and receive shares of Class A Common Stock. After the issuance of shares of Class A Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.
Under the terms of the warrant agreement, Forum has agreed to use our best efforts to have declared effective a prospectus relating to the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and keep such prospectus current until the expiration of the Warrants. However, Forum cannot assure you that we will be able to do so and, if Forum not maintain a current prospectus relating to the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their Warrants for cash and Forum will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the Warrant exercise.
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Warrant holders may elect to be subject to a restriction on the exercise of their Warrants such that an electing Warrant holder would not be able to exercise their Warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, such holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.8% of the shares of Common Stock outstanding.
No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Warrants. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to the warrant agreement, upon exercise of the Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up to the nearest whole number the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to be issued to the Warrant holder.
Representative Shares
Forum issued to EBC (and/or its designees) 172,500 shares in connection with the Forum IPO. EBC (and/or its designees) has agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares without our prior consent until the completion of Forums initial business combination. In addition, EBC (and/or its designees) has agreed (i) to waive its redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of Forums initial business combination and (ii) to waive its rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if Forum fails to complete Forums initial business combination by April 12, 2019.
Purchase Option
Forum has sold to EBC (and/or its designees), for $100, a UPO to purchase up to a total of 1,125,000 units exercisable at $10.00 per unit in connection with the Forum IPO. Since the option is not exercisable until the earliest of the closing of Forums initial business combination and the Rights will entitle the holders to receive one-tenth of a share at that time, the option will effectively represent the Right to purchase up to 1,237,500 shares of Class A Common Stock (which includes the 112,500 shares which will be issued for the Rights included in the Units) and 562,500 Warrants to purchase 562,500 shares of Class A Common Stock at $11.50 per share for an aggregate maximum amount of $6,468,750.
The UPO may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, at any time during the period commencing on the later of April 6, 2018 (the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO) and the closing of Forums initial business combination, including the Business Combination and terminating on April 6, 2022 (the fifth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, neither the UPO nor the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO are exercisable after April 6, 2022. The UPO grants to holders demand and piggy back rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from April 6, 2017 (the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO) with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the UPO. Forum will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions, which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of Units issuable upon exercise of the UPO may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the UPO will not be adjusted for issuances of Common Stock at a price below its exercise price. Forum will have no obligation to net cash settle the exercise of the UPO or the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO. The holder of the UPO will not be entitled to exercise the UPO or the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO unless a registration statement covering the securities underlying the UPO is effective or an exemption from registration is available. If the holder is unable to exercise the UPO or underlying Rights or Warrants, the UPO, Rights or Warrants, as applicable, will expire worthless.
Dividends
Forum has not paid any cash dividends on our shares of Common Stock to date and do not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of our initial business combination. While the Combined Entity intends to pay quarterly cash dividends following the consummation of the Business Combination, such dividends will be dependent upon compliance with debt covenants, the Combined Entitys revenues and earnings, if any, capital
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requirements and general financial condition subsequent to completion of the Business Combination. The payment of any dividends subsequent to Forums initial business combination, including the Business Combination, will be within the discretion of Forums then board of directors.
Placement Units
The Placement Units (including the Placement Warrants or Common Stock issuable underlying the Placement Rights or upon exercise of the Placement Warrants) will not be transferable, assignable or salable until after the completion of our initial business combination, including the Business Combination (except, among other limited exceptions as described under Beneficial Ownership of Securities, to Forums officers and directors and other persons or entities affiliated with Forums Sponsor) and they will not be redeemable by us so long as they are held by members of Forums Sponsor or their permitted transferees. Otherwise, the Placement Units have terms and provisions that are identical the Units sold in the Forum IPO except the Warrants included in the Placement Units will be non-redeemable and may be exercised on a cashless basis, in each case so long as they continue to be held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Placement Warrants are held by holders other than the holders who purchased Placement Units or their permitted transferees, the Placement Warrants will be redeemable by Forum and exercisable by the holders on the same basis as the Warrants included in the Units sold in the Forum IPO. The price of the Placement Units was determined in negotiations between Forums Sponsor and EBC, the underwriter for the Forum IPO, with reference to the prices paid by initial stockholders for such Rights and Warrants in special purpose acquisition companies, which recently consummated their initial public offerings prior to the IPO.
Forums Transfer Agent, Rights Agent and Warrant Agent
The transfer agent for Forums securities, rights agent for our Rights and warrant agent for Forums Warrants is Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, One State Street Plaza, 30th Floor, New York, New York 10004.
Listing of our Securities
Forums Units, Class A Common Stock, Rights and Warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbols FMCIU, FMCI, FMCIR and FMCIW, respectively.
Forums Charter
The Charter contains certain requirements and restrictions that will apply to Forum until the completion of Forums initial business combination. These provisions cannot be amended without the approval of the majority of holders of our Common Stock. Forums Sponsor, who will collectively beneficially own 20% of Forum Common Stock will participate in any vote to amend Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation and will have the discretion to vote in any manner they choose. Specifically, Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides, among other things, that:
| if Forum is unable to complete our initial business combination within 24 months from the closing of the Forum IPO, Forum will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but not more than ten business days thereafter subject to lawfully available funds therefor, redeem 100% of the Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to us to pay its franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidating distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of Forums remaining stockholders and Forums board of directors, dissolve and liquidate, subject in each case to Forums obligations under Delaware law to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of other applicable law; |
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| prior to Forums initial business combination, Forum may not issue additional shares of capital stock that would entitle the holders thereof to (i) receive funds from the Trust Account or (ii) vote on any initial business combination; |
| although Forum does not intend to enter into a business combination with a target business that is affiliated with our Sponsor, directors or officers, we are not prohibited from doing so, provided that a majority of our disinterested directors approve such business combination. In the event we enter into such a transaction, we, or a committee of independent directors, will obtain an opinion from an independent investment banking firm or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions on the type of target business we are seeking to acquire that such a business combination is fair to Forum from a financial point of view; |
| if a stockholder vote on our initial business combination is not required by law and we do not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, we will offer to redeem our Public Shares pursuant to Rule 13e-4 and Regulation 14E of the Exchange Act, and will file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing our initial business combination which contain substantially the same financial and other information about our initial business combination and the redemption rights as is required under Regulation 14A of the Exchange Act; |
| Forums initial business combination must occur with one or more target businesses that together have an aggregate fair market value of at least 80% of Forums assets held in the Trust Account (excluding the deferred underwriting commissions and taxes payable on the income earned on the Trust Account) at the time of the agreement to enter into the initial business combination; and |
| if Forums stockholders approve an amendment to Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of Forums obligation to redeem 100% of our Public Shares if we do not complete Forums business combination within 24 months from the closing of the Forum IPO, we will provide Forums public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their shares of Class A Common Stock upon such approval at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to Forum to pay franchise and income taxes (less up to $100,000 of interest to pay dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding public shares. |
In addition, Forum provides that under no circumstances will Forum redeem its Public Shares in an amount that would cause its net tangible assets to be less than $5,000,001 upon consummation of its initial business combination.
Certain Anti-Takeover Provisions of Delaware Law and our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and By-Laws
Staggered Board of Directors
Forums Charter provides that the board of directors is classified into two classes of directors of approximately equal size. As a result, in most circumstances, a person can gain control of the board only by successfully engaging in a proxy contest at two or more annual meetings. Furthermore, because the board is classified, directors may be removed only with cause by a majority of our outstanding shares.
Special Meeting of Stockholders
Forums bylaws provide that Special Meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority vote of our board of directors, by the Chief Executive Officer or by the Chairman.
Advance Notice Requirements for Stockholder Proposals and Director Nominations
Forums bylaws provide that stockholders seeking to bring business before the annual meeting of stockholders, or to nominate candidates for election as directors at an annual meeting of stockholders, must
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provide timely notice of their intent in writing. To be timely, a stockholders notice will need to be received by the company secretary at our principal executive offices not later than the close of business on the 90 th day nor earlier than the open of business on the 120 th day prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding annual meeting of stockholders. Pursuant to Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act, proposals seeking inclusion in our annual proxy statement must comply with the notice periods contained therein. Our bylaws also specify certain requirements as to the form and content of a stockholders meeting. These provisions may preclude our stockholders from bringing matters before our annual meeting of stockholders or from making nominations for directors at our annual meeting of stockholders.
Authorized but Unissued Shares
Forums authorized but unissued Common Stock and preferred stock are available for future issuances without stockholder approval and could be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future offerings to raise additional capital, acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued and unreserved Common Stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of Forum by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.
Exclusive Forum Selection
The Forum Charter requires, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in Forums name, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware and, if brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to service of process on such stockholders counsel. Although Forum believes this provision benefits Forum by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law in the types of lawsuits to which it applies, the provision may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against Forums directors and officers.
Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law
Forum is subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law regulating corporate takeovers. This statute prevents certain Delaware corporations, under certain circumstances, from engaging in a business combination with:
| a stockholder who owns 15% or more of Forums outstanding voting stock (otherwise known as an interested stockholder); |
| an affiliate of an interested stockholder; or |
| an associate of an interested stockholder, for three years following the date that the stockholder became an interested stockholder. |
A business combination includes a merger or sale of more than 10% of our assets. However, the above provisions of Section 203 do not apply if:
| the board of directors approves the transaction that made the stockholder an interested stockholder, prior to the date of the transaction; |
| after the completion of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, that stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, other than statutorily excluded shares of Common Stock; or |
| on or subsequent to the date of the transaction, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at a meeting of the stockholders, and not by written consent, by an affirmative vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding voting stock not owned by the interested stockholder. |
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Limitation on Liability and Indemnification of Directors and Officers
The Forum Charter provides that the directors and officers will be indemnified by Forum to the fullest extent authorized by Delaware law as it now exists or may in the future be amended. In addition, Forums Charter provides that its directors will not be personally liable for monetary damages to Forum for breaches of their fiduciary duty as directors, unless they violated their duty of loyalty to Forum or the stockholders, acted in bad faith, knowingly or intentionally violated the law, authorized unlawful payments of dividends, unlawful stock purchases or unlawful redemptions, or derived an improper personal benefit from their actions as directors.
Forums bylaws also will permit it to secure insurance on behalf of any officer, director or employee for any liability arising out of his or her actions, regardless of whether Delaware law would permit indemnification. Forum will purchase a policy of directors and officers liability insurance that insures its directors and officers against the cost of defense, settlement or payment of a judgment in some circumstances and insures us against our obligations to indemnify the directors and officers.
These provisions may discourage stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against Forums directors for breach of their fiduciary duty. These provisions also may have the effect of reducing the likelihood of derivative litigation against directors and officers, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise benefit us and our stockholders. Furthermore, a stockholders investment may be adversely affected to the extent we pay the costs of settlement and damage awards against directors and officers pursuant to these indemnification provisions. Forum believes that these provisions, the insurance and the indemnity agreements are necessary to attract and retain talented and experienced directors and officers.
Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to Forums directors, officers and controlling persons pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable.
Securities Eligible for Future Sale
Rule 144
Pursuant to Rule 144, a person who has beneficially owned restricted shares of Forums Common Stock or warrants for at least six months would be entitled to sell their securities provided that (i) such person is not deemed to have been one of Forums affiliates at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale and (ii) Forum is subject to the Exchange Act periodic reporting requirements for at least three months before the sale and has filed all required reports under Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the 12 months (or such shorter period as it was required to file reports) preceding the sale.
Persons who have beneficially owned restricted shares of Forums Class A Common Stock or warrants for at least six months but who are Forums affiliates at the time of, or at any time during the three months preceding, a sale, would be subject to additional restrictions, by which such person would be entitled to sell within any three-month period only a number of securities that does not exceed the greater of:
| 1% of the total number of shares of Class A Common Stock then outstanding; or |
| the average weekly reported trading volume of the Class A Common Stock during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a notice on Form 144 with respect to the sale. |
Sales by Forums affiliates under Rule 144 are also limited by manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.
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Restrictions on the Use of Rule 144 by Shell Companies or Former Shell Companies
Rule 144 is not available for the resale of securities initially issued by shell companies (other than business combination related shell companies) or issuers that have been at any time previously a shell company. However, Rule 144 also includes an important exception to this prohibition if the following conditions are met:
| the issuer of the securities that was formerly a shell company has ceased to be a shell company; |
| the issuer of the securities is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act; |
| the issuer of the securities has filed all Exchange Act reports and materials required to be filed, as applicable, during the preceding 12 months (or such shorter period that the issuer was required to file such reports and materials), other than Current Reports on Form 8-K; and |
| at least one year has elapsed from the time that the issuer filed current Form 10 type information with the SEC reflecting its status as an entity that is not a shell company. |
As of the Record Date, Forum had 18,045,000 shares of Class A Common Stock outstanding. Of these shares, the 17,250,000 shares sold in the Forum IPO are freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any shares purchased by one of Forums affiliates within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act. All of the 4,312,500 Founders Shares owned by our Sponsor and 622,500 shares sold as part of the Placement Units in a private placement consummated simultaneously with the Forum IPO (including Units issued in connection with the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option) are restricted securities under Rule 144, in that they were issued in private transactions not involving a public offering.
As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, there are 8,936,250 Warrants outstanding, consisting of 8,625,000 Public Warrants originally sold as part of Units in the Forum IPO and 311,250 Placement Warrants sold as part of the Placement Units in the private placement consummated simultaneously with the Forum IPO. Each whole Warrant is exercisable for one share of Class A Common Stock, in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreement governing the warrants. 8,625,000 of these Warrants are Public Warrants and are freely tradable.
Registration Rights
The holders of Forums Founders Shares, as well as the holders of the Placement Units (and their underlying securities), any Units our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans made to us (and all underlying securities), and any of the 172,500 shares of Class A Common Stock Forum has issued to EBC (and/or its designees) upon the consummation of the Forum IPO, are entitled to registration rights. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands that Forum register such securities. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may only make a demand registration (i) on one occasion and (ii) during the five year period beginning on April 6, 2017, the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO. The holders of the majority of the Founders Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of Common Stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the Placement Units or Units issued to our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to Forum (in each case, including the underlying securities) can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after we consummate a business combination, including the Business Combination. In addition, the holders have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to our consummation of a business combination. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may participate in a piggy-back registration during the seven year period beginning on the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO. Forum will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
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DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES AFTER THE BUSINESS COMBINATION
Authorized and Outstanding Stock
The proposed Amended Charter authorizes the issuance of 1,010,000,000 shares, consisting of 1,000,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.0001 par value. As of the Record Date, there were 22,357,500 shares of Forum Common Stock outstanding, of which 18,045,000 are Class A Common Stock and 4,312,500 are Class F Common Stock. No shares of preferred stock are currently outstanding.
Common Stock
The proposed Amended Charter, which Forum will adopt if the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal is approved, provides that the Class A Common Stock will have identical rights, powers, preferences and privileges.
Voting Power
Except as otherwise required by law or as otherwise provided in any certificate of designation for any series of preferred stock, the holders of Class A Common Stock possess all voting power for the election of the Combined Entitys directors and all other matters requiring stockholder action. Holders of Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters to be voted on by stockholders.
Dividends
Holders of Class A Common Stock will be entitled to receive such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the Combined Entitys board of directors in its discretion out of funds legally available therefor. In no event will any stock dividends or stock splits or combinations of stock be declared or made on common stock unless the shares of common stock at the time outstanding are treated equally and identically. The Combined Entity will adopt a stated dividend policy and to use its commercially reasonable efforts to declare and pay a dividend in such amount as to provide an annual dividend yield to the Combined Entitys stockholders of at least 1%, subject to the determination by the Combined Entitys board of directors (i) that such dividend payment is permitted by applicable law and (ii) that the Combined Entity and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, have a sufficient amount of unrestricted cash to make such dividend payment and still satisfy their respective existing liabilities and have sufficient reserves for future contingencies or future needs of the business of the Combined Entity and its subsidiaries.
Liquidation, Dissolution and Winding Up
In the event of the Combined Entitys voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, distribution of assets or winding-up, the holders of the Class A Common Stock will be entitled to receive an equal amount per share of all of the Combined Entitys assets of whatever kind available for distribution to stockholders, after the rights of the holders of the preferred stock have been satisfied.
Preemptive or Other Rights
There are no sinking fund provisions applicable to the Class A Common Stock.
Warrants
There are 8,936,250 Warrants outstanding. Each whole Warrant entitles the registered holder to purchase one share of Class A Common Stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment as discussed below, at any time commencing on the later of 30 days after the completion of an initial business combination, including the Business Combination or April 12, 2018. Pursuant to the Warrant agreement, a Warrantholder may exercise his, her or its Warrants only for a whole number of shares of common stock. This means that only a whole
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Warrant may be exercised at any given time by a Warrantholder. No fractional Warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole Warrants will trade. Accordingly, unless you purchase at least two Units, you will not be able to receive or trade a whole Warrant. No Warrants will be exercisable for cash unless we have an effective and current registration statement covering the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and a current prospectus relating to such shares of Class A Common Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within ninety days following the consummation of our initial business combination, Warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when we shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise Warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their Warrants on a cashless basis. In such event, each holder would pay the exercise price by surrendering the Warrants for that number of shares of common stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the Warrants and the fair market value (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The fair market value for this purpose will mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of Class A Common Stock for the 5 trading days ending on the trading day prior to the date of exercise. The Warrants will expire on the fifth anniversary of our completion of an initial business combination, at 5:00 p.m., New York City time, or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
The Placement Warrants underlying the Placement Units, as well as any Warrants underlying the Units we issue to our Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us, will be identical to the Warrants underlying the Units being offered in the Forum IPO except that such Warrants will be exercisable for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, and will not be redeemable by us, in each case so long as they are still held by our Sponsor or their affiliates. The Placement Units and their underlying securities may not be sold or transferred until 30 days after we have completed a business combination.
We may call the Warrants for redemption (excluding the Placement Warrants and any Warrants underlying Units issued to our Sponsor, officers or directors in payment of working capital loans made to us but including any outstanding Warrants issued upon exercise of the UPO issued to EBC and/or its designees), in whole and not in part, at a price of $0.01 per Warrant,
| at any time during the exercise period, |
| upon not less than 30 days prior written notice of redemption to each Warrant holder, |
| if, and only if, the reported last sale price of the shares of common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations), for any 20 trading days within a 30 trading day period ending on the third business day prior to the notice of redemption to Warrant holders; and |
| if, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying such Warrants. |
The right to exercise will be forfeited unless the Warrants are exercised prior to the date specified in the notice of redemption. On and after the redemption date, a record holder of a Warrant will have no further rights except to receive the redemption price for such holders Warrant upon surrender of such Warrant.
The redemption criteria for our Warrants have been established at a price which is intended to provide Warrant holders a reasonable premium to the initial exercise price and provide a sufficient differential between the then-prevailing share price and the Warrant exercise price so that if the share price declines as a result of our redemption call, the redemption will not cause the share price to drop below the exercise price of the Warrants.
If we call the Warrants for redemption as described above, our management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise Warrants to do so on a cashless basis. In such event, each holder would pay the
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exercise price by surrendering the Warrants for that number of shares of Class A Common Stock equal to the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the product of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the Warrants, multiplied by the difference between the exercise price of the Warrants and the fair market value (defined below) by (y) the fair market value. The fair market value shall mean the average reported last sale price of the shares of Class A Common Stock for the 5 trading days ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the notice of redemption is sent to the holders of Warrants.
The Warrants will be issued in registered form under a warrant agreement between Continental, as warrant agent, and us. The warrant agreement provides that the terms of the Warrants may be amended without the consent of any holder to cure any ambiguity or correct any defective provision, but requires the approval, by written consent or vote, of the holders of at least 50% of the then outstanding Warrants in order to make any change that adversely affects the interests of the registered holders.
The exercise price and number of shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on exercise of the Warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, extraordinary dividend or our recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the Warrants will not be adjusted for issuances of shares of Class A Common Stock at a price below their respective exercise prices.
The Warrants may be exercised upon surrender of the Warrant certificate on or prior to the expiration date at the offices of the warrant agent, with the exercise form on the reverse side of the Warrant certificate completed and executed as indicated, accompanied by full payment of the exercise price, by certified or official bank check payable to us, for the number of warrants being exercised. The Warrant holders do not have the rights or privileges of holders of shares of Class A Common Stock and any voting rights until they exercise their Warrants and receive shares of Class A Common Stock. After the issuance of shares of Class A Common Stock upon exercise of the Warrants, each holder will be entitled to one vote for each share held of record on all matters to be voted on by stockholders.
Under the terms of the warrant agreement, we have agreed to use our best efforts to have declared effective a prospectus relating to the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants and keep such prospectus current until the expiration of the Warrants. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to do so and, if we do not maintain a current prospectus relating to the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the Warrants, holders will be unable to exercise their Warrants for cash and we will not be required to net cash settle or cash settle the Warrant exercise.
Warrant holders may elect to be subject to a restriction on the exercise of their Warrants such that an electing Warrant holder would not be able to exercise their Warrants to the extent that, after giving effect to such exercise, such holder would beneficially own in excess of 9.8% of the shares of common stock outstanding.
No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Warrants. If, by reason of any adjustment made pursuant to the warrant agreement, upon exercise of the Warrants, a holder would be entitled to receive a fractional interest in a share, we will, upon exercise, round up to the nearest whole number the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to be issued to the Warrant holder.
Purchase Option
In connection with the Forum IPO, Forum sold to EBC (and/or its designees), for $100, a UPO to purchase up to a total of 1,125,000 Units exercisable at $10.00 per Unit. Since the option is not exercisable until the earliest on the closing of an initial business combination and the Rights will entitle the holders to receive one-tenth of a share at that time, the option will effectively represent the Right to purchase up to 1,237,500 shares of Class A Common Stock (which includes the 112,500 shares which will be issued for the Rights included in the Units) and 562,500 Warrants to purchase 562,500 shares of Class A Common Stock at $11.50 per share for an aggregate maximum amount of $6,468,750.
The UPO may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, at any time during the period commencing on the later of April 6, 2018 (the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration
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statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO) and the closing of an initial business combination, including the Business Combination and terminating on April 6, 2022 (the fifth anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary, neither the UPO nor the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO are exercisable after April 6, 2022. The UPO grants to holders demand and piggy back rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from April 6, 2017 (the effective date of the registration statement filed in connection with the Forum IPO) with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the UPO. The Combined Entity will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions, which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of Units issuable upon exercise of the UPO may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the UPO will not be adjusted for issuances of common stock at a price below its exercise price. The Combined Entity will have no obligation to net cash settle the exercise of the UPO or the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO. The holder of the UPO will not be entitled to exercise the UPO or the Rights or Warrants underlying the UPO unless a registration statement covering the securities underlying the UPO is effective or an exemption from registration is available. If the holder is unable to exercise the UPO or underlying Rights or Warrants, the UPO, Rights or Warrants, as applicable, will expire worthless.
Registration Rights
Following the Business Combination, certain C1 Securityholders and the Sponsor will hold registration rights with respect to shares of Common Stock issued as merger consideration under the Merger Agreement, including any Earnout Stock Payments, as well as shares of Common Stock held by the Sponsor or issuable upon the exercise of warrants by the Sponsor. Stockholders holding a majority-in-interest of such registrable securities will be entitled to make a written demand for registration under the Securities Act of all or part of their registrable securities. Subject to certain exceptions, such stockholders will also have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed by the Combined Entity, as well additional rights to provide for registration of registrable securities on Form S-3 and any similar short-form registration statement that may be available at such time.
In addition, EBC will have certain demand registration rights; provided, however, that, EBC and/or its designees may only make a demand registration (i) on one occasion and (ii) during the five year period beginning on April 6, 2017, the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO. EBC will also have certain piggy-back registration rights; provided, however, that EBC and/or its designees may only participate in a piggy-back registration during the seven year period beginning on the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO.
The Combined Entity will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements described above.
Anti-Takeover Provisions
Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws
Among other things, the Amended Charter and amended and restated bylaws will:
| permit our board of directors to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, with any rights, preferences and privileges as they may designate, including the right to approve an acquisition or other change of control; |
| provide that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of our board of directors; |
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provide that, subject to the rights of any series of preferred stock to elect directors, directors may be removed with or without cause, by the holders of at least a majority of our then-outstanding shares of |
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capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors for so long as a fund managed by Clearlake Capital Group, L.P., which, together with its affiliates and related persons, we refer to as Clearlake, holds at least a majority of our then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, or otherwise with cause by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all of our then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| provide that all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law, be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum; |
| provide that any action to be taken by our stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, so long as Clearlake holds a majority of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; |
| provide that stockholders seeking to present proposals before a meeting of stockholders or to nominate candidates for election as directors at a meeting of stockholders must provide advance notice in writing, and also specify requirements as to the form and content of a stockholders notice; |
| provide that Special Meetings of our stockholders may be called by the chairperson of our board of directors, our chief executive officer, by our board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors or, for so long as Clearlake holds a majority of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, one or more stockholders that in the aggregate represent a majority of the total votes entitled to be cast at the meeting; |
| provide that our board of directors will be divided into three classes of directors, with the classes to be as nearly equal as possible, and with the directors serving three-year terms (see the section titled Management After the Business Combination ), therefore making it more difficult for stockholders to change the composition of our board of directors; and |
| not provide for cumulative voting rights, therefore allowing the holders of a majority of the shares of common stock entitled to vote in any election of directors to elect all of the directors standing for election, if they should so choose. |
For so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, the amendment of any of these provisions would require approval of the holders of at least a majority of all of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors; otherwise, the amendment of any of these provisions would require approval by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all of our then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.
The combination of these provisions will make it more difficult for our existing stockholders to replace our board of directors as well as for another party to obtain control of us by replacing our board of directors. Because our board of directors has the power to retain and discharge our officers, these provisions could also make it more difficult for existing stockholders or another party to effect a change in management. In addition, the authorization of undesignated preferred stock makes it possible for our board of directors to issue preferred stock with voting or other rights or preferences that could impede the success of any attempt to change our control.
These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continued stability in the composition of our board of directors and its policies and to discourage coercive takeover practices and inadequate takeover bids. These provisions are also designed to reduce our vulnerability to hostile takeovers and to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and may have the effect of delaying changes in our control or management. As a consequence, these provisions may also inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our stock.
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Delaware Anti-Takeover Law
We will opt out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. However, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain similar provisions providing that we may not engage in certain business combinations with any interested stockholder for a three-year period following the time that the stockholder became an interested stockholder, unless:
| prior to the date of the transaction, our board of directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder; |
| the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of our voting stock outstanding upon consummation of the transaction, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding (1) shares owned by persons who are directors and also officers and (2) shares owned by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or |
| on or subsequent to the consummation of the transaction, the business combination is approved by our board of directors and authorized at an annual or Special Meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder. |
Generally, a business combination includes a merger, asset or stock sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder. An interested stockholder is a person who, together with its affiliates and associates, owns or, within three years prior to the determination of interested stockholder status, did own 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock. These provisions may encourage companies interested in acquiring us to negotiate in advance with our board of directors because the stockholder approval requirement would be avoided if our board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which results in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder. These provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our board of directors and may make it more difficult to accomplish transactions which stockholders may otherwise deem to be in their best interests.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that Clearlake and its affiliates and any of their direct or indirect transferees and any group as to which such persons are a party do not constitute interested stockholders for purposes of this provision.
Choice of Forum
The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation will provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware will be the exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf; (ii) any action asserting a breach of fiduciary duty; (iii) any action asserting a claim against us arising under the Delaware General Corporation Law; (iv) any action regarding our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws; or (v) any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation further provides that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act.
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COMPARISON OF STOCKHOLDER RIGHTS
Both Forum and C1 are incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware and, accordingly, the rights of the stockholders of each are currently, and will continue to be, governed by the Delaware General Corporation Law, or the DGCL. If the merger is completed, C1 Securityholders will become stockholders of Forum, and their rights will be governed by the DGCL, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of Forum and, assuming Forum the Post-Merger Charter Amendment Proposal is approved by the Forum stockholders at the Forum special meeting, the amendments to the certificate of incorporation of Forum attached to this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement as Annex C respectively.
The table below summarizes the material differences between the current rights of C1 Securityholders under the C1 certificate of incorporation and bylaws and the rights of Forum stockholders, post-merger, under the Forum certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each as amended, as applicable, and as in effect immediately following the merger.
While Forum and C1 believe that the summary tables cover the material differences between the rights of their respective stockholders prior to the merger and the rights of Forum stockholders following the merger, these summary tables may not contain all of the information that is important to you. You should carefully read this entire proxy statement/prospectus/information statement and the other documents referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement for a more complete understanding of the differences between being a stockholder of Forum or C1 before the merger and being a stockholder of Forum after the merger. Forum has filed copies of its current certificate of incorporation and bylaws as Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 to the registration statement of which this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement forms a part and will send copies of the documents referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement to you upon your request. C1 will also send copies of its organizational documents referred to in this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement to you upon your request. See the section titled Where You Can Find More Information in this proxy statement/prospectus/information statement.
Current C1 Rights Versus Forum Rights Post-Merger
Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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Elections; Voting; Procedural Matters |
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Authorized Capital Stock |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 authorizes the issuance of up to 122,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, consisting of (i) up to 106,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share, and (ii) up to 16,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.0001 par value per share. |
The certificate of incorporation of Forum, authorizes the issuance of up to 1,010,000,000 shares of capital stock, of which (a) up to 1,000,000,000 shares are Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, and (b) up to 10,000,000 shares are preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share.
There are not, nor will there be immediately following the closing of the Business Combination, any shares of preferred stock of Forum issued or outstanding. |
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Appointment of Directors |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 provides that the holders of a majority of Class A Common Stock, voting as a single class, are entitled to elect all members of the board of directors. | Neither the certificate of incorporation nor the bylaws of Forum entitled a class of stock to elect one or more directors. |
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Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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Removal of Directors |
C1s certificate of incorporation provides that the holders of a majority of Class A Common Stock are entitled to remove from office the directors. Any director may be removed without cause only by the vote of the holders of stock entitled to elect such director. | Forums certificate of incorporation provides that (i) for so long as Clearlake holds at least a majority of Forums then-outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, Clearlake will be able to remove any director, with or without cause, and (ii) otherwise directors may be removed with cause by the holders of at least 66 2/3% of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. | ||
Special Meeting of the Stockholders |
The bylaws of C1 provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called at any time by the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, or the holders of shares of C1 that are entitled to cast not less than 15% of the total number of votes entitled to be cast at such meeting. | The bylaws of Forum provide that special meetings of the stockholders may be called by the chairperson of the board of directors, the chief executive officer, the board of directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors or, for so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, one or more stockholders that in the aggregate represent a majority of the total votes entitled to be cast at the meeting. | ||
Vacancies |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 provides that any vacancy on the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office; provided, that where the vacancy occurs among the directors elected by the holders of a class of stock, the holders of such class of stock may override the board of directors action to fill such vacancy. | The certificate of incorporation of Forum provides that all vacancies, including newly created directorships, may, except as otherwise required by law or approved by the board of directors, only be filled by the affirmative vote of a majority of directors then in office, even if less than a quorum. | ||
Voting Agreement |
The Stockholders Agreement dated June 17, 2014, or the Stockholders Agreement, provides that the stockholders of C1 agree to vote all of their shares of C1 capital stock in favor of the directors designated by Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P., or Clearlake and not vote such shares to elect any other director.
Pursuant to the certificate of incorporation of C1, each holder of shares of Class A Common Stock shall |
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Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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be entitled to one vote for each share of Class A Common Stock, and holders of Class B Common Stock shall have no right to vote their shares of Class B Common Stock except as required by law.
The Stockholders Agreement will be terminated upon the consummation of the merger. |
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Drag Along |
Under the Stockholders Agreement, if the board of directors approves a sale of all or substantially all of the companys assets or a merger or consolidation that results in a change of control, each stockholder party to the Stockholders Agreement is required to vote in favor of, and otherwise facilitate, such transaction or sell their shares, as applicable.
The drag along rights in the Stockholders Agreement will be terminated upon the consummation of the merger. |
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Registration Rights |
The Stockholders Agreement provides that holders of its Class A Common Stock have certain registration rights, including the right to (i) demand that C1 file a registration statement, so called demand registration rights any time after 180 days after the effective date of the first registration statement for a firm commitment underwritten public offering of the Class A Common Stock, (ii) request that their shares be covered by a registration statement that C1 is otherwise filing (other than an initial public offering), so-called piggyback registration rights, or (iii) demand that C1 effect a registration on Form S-3.
The registration rights in the Stockholders Agreement will be terminated upon the consummation of the merger. |
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Stockholder Action by Written Consent |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 does not impose any limitation on the actions by written consent of its stockholders under the DGCL. | Forums certificate of incorporation provides that any action to be taken by the stockholders may be taken by written consent or electronic |
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Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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transmission pursuant to Section 228 of the Delaware General Corporation Law only so long as Clearlake holds a majority of the then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors. | ||||
Conversion Rights, Preferences and Protective Provisions |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 provides that the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will be automatically converted into shares of Class A Common Stock immediately upon the closing of a firm commitment underwritten public offering approved by the board of directors.
In addition, the holders of shares of Class A Common Stock have certain liquidation rights in respect of such shares. The liquidation rights are triggered in the event of any liquidation, winding up or dissolution of the company, whether voluntary or involuntary, or any Change in Control Transaction (unless otherwise waived by a majority of the Class A Common Stock). |
Forums certificate of incorporation does not include any conversion rights, liquidation preferences or protective provisions. | ||
Right of First Refusal |
The Stockholders Agreement requires C1 to offer to each stockholder of C1 holding at least 400,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, or a Major Investor, the right to purchase such stockholders pro rata portion of new securities issued by the company (subject to standard exclusions).
C1s bylaws provide that no stockholder may transfer shares of C1s capital stock without first giving the company a right of first refusal with respect to such transfer
The Stockholders Agreement provides that certain holders of C1 common stock wishing to transfer any shares of C1 common stock must first provide C1 and then Clearlake with the opportunity to purchase such shares.
The right of first refusal under the Stockholders Agreement will be |
The bylaws of Forum do not provide Forum with a right of first refusal on transfers of its capital stock. |
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Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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terminated upon consummation of the merger.
Under the Stockholders Agreement following the expiration of any right of first refusal described under Right of First Refusal above, if any stockholder proposes to transfer shares of capital stock of C1, then any holder of the same class of stock proposed to be transferred has the right to participate in the sale.
The tag along rights under the Stockholders Agreement will be terminated upon consummation of the merger. |
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Forum Selection |
Neither the certificate of incorporation nor bylaws of C1 include a forum selection provision. | Forums certificate of incorporation provides that the (i) federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for resolving any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act and (ii) unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for derivative actions, actions asserting a breach of fiduciary duties, any action arising under Delaware law, or any action regarding the internal affairs doctrine. | ||
Dividends |
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Declaration and Payment of Dividends |
The certificate of incorporation of C1 provides that to the extent any dividends are declared by the board of directors, they shall be paid to the holders of Class A Common Stock first, until the Class A Common Stock unreturned capital is paid in full, and thereafter to the holders of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock equally. | The certificate of incorporation of Forum does not include dividend provisions. | ||
Amendments to Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws |
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General Provisions |
C1 may amend its certificate of incorporation in the manner prescribed by statute.
C1 may amend its bylaws with the approval of the board of directors or the |
Forums certificate of incorporation can only be amended with the approval of the holders of a majority of all of Forums then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors so long as Clearlake holds at |
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Provision |
C1 (Pre-Merger) |
Forum (Post-Merger) |
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holders of a majority of the voting power entitled to vote generally for the election of directors. |
least a majority of Forums then- outstanding shares of capital stock entitled to vote generally at an election of directors; otherwise such amendments require the approval of the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of all of Forums then-outstanding capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.
Forums bylaws provide that (i) the board of directors is empowered to amend or repeal the bylaws with the approval of a majority of the authorized number of directors, and (ii) the stockholders may amend or repeal the bylaws of the Company with (a) the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class during as long as Clearlake holds a majority of Forums capital stock or (b) the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2 ⁄ 3 % of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class. |
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DESCRIPTION OF INDEBTEDNESS OF C1
References in this section to ConvergeOne refers to C1 and its subsidiaries.
The following section summarizes the terms of ConvergeOnes material principal indebtedness.
June 2017 Credit Facilities
Senior Secured Term Loan
On June 20, 2017, ConvergeOnes subsidiary, ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., or Holdings, and its subsidiary, and direct corporate parent of Holdings, C1 Intermediate Corp., or Intermediate, entered into a Term Loan Agreement, or the Term Loan Agreement, with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as the administrative agent and collateral agent. The Term Loan Agreement provides for senior secured term loans in an original aggregate principal amount of $430 million, or the Term Loans. A portion of the proceeds of the Term Loans were used to repay the June 2014 Credit Facilities described below and to pay debt issuance costs. The remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and general corporate purposes.
Principal installments in the amount of $1,262,500 are due on the last business day of each quarter commencing September 30, 2017, with the remaining outstanding principal amount to be paid on its maturity date of June 20, 2024.
The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Intermediate and certain restricted subsidiaries of Holdings. In addition, the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all of the assets of Holdings and each guarantor, except for the assets secured by a first priority lien under the Revolving Loan Credit Agreement discussed below, on which ConvergeOne has granted a second priority lien to secure the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement.
The Term Loan Agreement contains a number of significant restrictive covenants. Such restrictive covenants, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, ConvergeOnes and its restricted subsidiaries ability to (i) incur additional indebtedness and make guarantees, (ii) create liens on assets, (iii) pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock, (iv) make investments, loans and advances, including acquisitions, (v) engage in mergers, consolidations, dissolutions or similar transactions, (vi) sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates, (viii) enter into certain restrictive agreements, (ix) make changes in the nature of its business, fiscal year and organizational documents, (x) make prepayments or amend the terms of certain junior debt and (xi) enter into certain hedging arrangements. The Term Loan Agreement also contains certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including the occurrence of a Change of Control, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the Term Loan Agreement will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the Term Loan Agreement and actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.
The Term Loan Agreement requires ConvergeOne to prepay outstanding Term Loans, subject to certain exceptions, with (i) commencing with the year ending December 31, 2018, 75% of excess cash flow (which percentage steps down to 50% and 0% when ConvergeOne obtains certain consolidated total net leverage ratios), (ii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of all non-ordinary course asset sales or other dispositions of property and (iii) 100% of the net cash proceeds of any incurrence of debt, other than debt permitted to be incurred or issued under the Term Loan Agreement. ConvergeOne is permitted to voluntarily repay outstanding Term Loans at any time without premium or penalty, unless such payment is made prior to June 20, 2018 in connection with a repricing transaction as described in the Term Loan Agreement, in which case ConvergeOne is required to pay a premium of 1% of the Term Loans so prepaid.
The Term Loans bear interest at 3.75% above the alternate base rate or 4.75% above the Eurodollar rate, as described in the Term Loan Agreement. Interest on the Eurodollar rate Term Loans is payable on the last day of
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the Interest Period, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, and interest on alternate base rate Term Loans is payable on the last day of each quarter. Borrowings under the Term Loans had an interest rate of 6.09% at September 30, 2017.
On July 28, 2017, Holdings borrowed an additional $75,000,000 of term loans under an incremental amendment to the Term Loan Agreement, which loans are part of the same class of, and on the same terms as, the initial Term Loans. Proceeds from the incremental amendment were used for the Annese & Associates, Inc. acquisition, discussed in Note 2 of the financial statements, and will be used for other acquisitions and general corporate purposes.
On October 25, 2017, Holdings borrowed an additional $60,000,000 of term loans under an incremental amendment to the Term Loan Agreement, which loans are part of the same class of, and on the same terms as, the initial Term Loans. Proceeds from the incremental amendment will be used to repay acquisition indebtedness related to the SPS acquisition and will be used for general corporate purposes.
On January 18, 2018, ConvergeOne amended the Term Loan Agreement to amend certain definitions related to the Business Combination and the restrictive covenant related to dividends and distributions.
Senior Secured Revolving Loan Facility
On June 20, 2017, Holdings and Intermediate entered into a Revolving Loan Credit Agreement, or the Revolver Agreement, with Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC, or Wells Fargo, as the administrative agent and collateral agent and as Floorplan Funding Agent. The Revolver Agreement provides a senior secured revolving loan facility of $150 million aggregate principal amount of revolving loans and amends and restates the existing floorplan agreement with Wells Fargo in order to extend credit in the form of a floorplan subfacility.In connection with the December 2017 acquisition of AOS, Holdings drew down $30.0 million under the Revolver Agreement. Holdings has repaid $24.0 million of this draw down under the Revolver Agreement, and $6.0 million remains outstanding. The Revolver Agreement matures on June 20, 2022.
The obligations under the Revolver Agreement are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Intermediate and certain restricted subsidiaries of Holdings. The obligations under the Revolver Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on ConvergeOnes receivable accounts, inventory, and deposit and securities accounts, and a second priority lien on substantially all of its other assets. The aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans and floorplan advances is limited to a Borrowing Base as defined by the Revolver Agreement, reduced by outstanding letters of credit. Mandatory prepayments are required in the event that the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the revolving loans, letters of credit and floorplan advances exceeds the lesser of (i) the aggregate revolving commitments of $150 million or (ii) the Borrowing Base, in an amount equal to the excess.
The Revolver Agreement contains a number of significant restrictive covenants. Such restrictive covenants, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, ConvergeOnes and its restricted subsidiaries ability to (i) incur additional indebtedness and make guarantees, (ii) create liens on assets, (iii) pay dividends and distributions or repurchase its capital stock, (iv) make investments, loans and advances, including acquisitions, (v) engage in mergers, consolidations, dissolutions or similar transactions, (vi) sell or otherwise dispose of assets, including sale and leaseback transactions, (vii) engage in certain transactions with affiliates, (viii) enter into certain restrictive agreements, (ix) make changes in the nature of its business, fiscal year and organizational documents, (x) make prepayments or amend the terms of certain junior debt and (xi) enter into certain hedging arrangements. The Revolver Agreement also contains certain customary representations and warranties, affirmative covenants and events of default, including the occurrence of a Change of Control, as defined in the Revolver Agreement. If an event of default occurs, the lenders under the Revolver Agreement will be entitled to take various actions, including the acceleration of amounts due under the Revolver Agreement and actions permitted to be taken by a secured creditor.
If the Revolving Exposure, as described in the Revolver Agreement, exceeds the lesser of the revolving loan commitments or the borrowing base, the Revolver Agreement requires ConvergeOne to prepay outstanding
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Revolving Loans in an aggregate amount equal to such excess. ConvergeOne is permitted to voluntarily repay outstanding Revolving Loans at any time without premium or penalty.
Borrowings under the Revolver Agreement bear interest at rates ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% above the alternate base rate or from 1.25% to 1.75% above the Eurodollar rate as described in the Revolver Agreement, in each case based on availability under the Revolver Agreement. A commitment fee equal to 0.250% or 0.375% per annum (based on availability under the Revolver Agreement) times the average daily unused amount of the available revolving commitments is payable on the last day of each quarter.
On January 18, 2018, ConvergeOne amended the Revolver Agreement to amend certain definitions related to the Business Combination.
June 2014 Credit Facilities
In June 2014, Holdings, Intermediate, and certain subsidiaries of Holdings entered into a First Lien Credit Agreement and a Second Lien Credit Agreement with Credit Suisse AG, Cayman Islands Branch, as administrative agent and collateral agent, the lenders from time to time party thereto, and certain other parties thereto, each agreement as amended (collectively, the June 2014 Credit Facilities).
On June 20, 2017, concurrent with entering into the Term Loan Agreement and Revolver Agreement, ConvergeOne terminated the June 2014 Credit Facilities.
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BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP OF SECURITIES
The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of shares of Forum Common Stock as of December 31, 2017 (pre-Business Combination) and ownership of shares of Forum Common Stock upon the closing of the Business Combination by:
| each person known by Forum to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of Forum Common Stock on December 31, 2017 (pre-Business Combination) or of shares of Forum Common Stock upon the Closing of the Business Combination; |
| each of Forums officers and directors; |
| each person who will become an executive officer or director of the Combined Entity upon the Closing of the Business Combination; and |
| all executive officers and directors of the Combined Entity as a group upon the Closing of the Business Combination. |
Beneficial ownership is determined according to the rules of the SEC, which generally provide that a person has beneficial ownership of a security if he, she or it possesses sole or shared voting or investment power over that security, including options and warrants that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days.
The beneficial ownership of shares of Forum Common Stock pre-Business Combination is based on 22,357,500 issued and outstanding shares of Forum Common Stock as of December 31, 2017 consisting of 18,045,000 shares of Class A Common Stock and 4,312,500 Class F Common Stock. The beneficial ownership of shares of Forum Common Stock upon the closing of the Business Combination is based on 73,650,802 shares to be outstanding and reflects (i) the automatic conversion of 17,872,500 Rights into approximately 1,787,250 shares of Forum Common Stock at the closing of the Business Combination, (ii) the issuance of 17,959,375 shares of Class A Common Stock to the PIPE Investors and (iii) forfeiture of 1,078,125 Founders Shares, but does not take into account (a) any warrants, options other convertible securities issued and outstanding as of the date hereof (see the section entitled Description of Securities of Forum for a discussion of all Forums securities that are currently outstanding), and (b) any valuation adjustments to the number of Merger Consideration Shares that will be issued to the C1 Securityholders except for (i) those disclosed in the unaudited pro forma financial statements included in this proxy statement/prospectus, (ii) an estimate of Closing Indebtedness as of the Closing, and (iii) the impact of C1s acquisition of AOS on Net Acquisition Amount, and (c) payment of any Earnout Consideration in the Merger Agreement. If the actual facts are different than these assumptions (which they are likely to be), the percentage ownership retained by Forums existing stockholders in Forum will be different.
The number of Merger Consideration Shares that will be issued to the C1 Securityholders will be subject to adjustments based on the adjusted equity valuation of C1 as of the Closing.
The expected beneficial ownership of common stock post-Business Combination under the header Successor Post-Business CombinationAssuming No Redemption assumes none of our Public Shares having been redeemed.
The expected beneficial ownership of common stock post-Business Combination under the header Successor Post-Business CombinationAssuming 100% Redemption assumes 17,250,000 Public Shares having been redeemed.
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Unless otherwise indicated, Forum believes that all persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all Forum Common Stock beneficially owned by them.
Pre-Business Combination | Successor Post-Business Combination | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class A Common
Stock |
Class F Common
Stock |
Assuming No
Redemption |
Assuming 100%
Redemption |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Name and Address of Beneficial
|
Number of
Shares Beneficially Owned |
% of
Class |
Number of
Shares Beneficially Owned |
% of
Class |
% of
Voting Control |
Number
of Shares |
% |
Number
of Shares |
% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master) LP (2) |
| | % | | | % | | 26,391,584 | 35.8 | % | 40,345,840 | 54.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Polar Asset Management Partners (3) |
2,090,000 | 11.6 | | | 9.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Forum Investors I, LLC (4) |
622,500 | 3.4 | 4,312,500 | 100 | 22.1 | 3,919,125 | (6) | 5.3 | 3,919,125 | 5.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
David Boris (5) |
| | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Stephen A. Vogel (5)(6) |
| | | | | 937,500 | 1.3 | 937,500 | 1.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Marshall Kiev (5) |
| | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Steven Berns (5) |
| | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Neil Goldberg (5)(7) |
| | | | | 312,500 | * | 312,500 | * | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Richard Katzman (5)(8) |
| | | | | 125,000 | * | 125,000 | * | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jerry Elliott (5) |
| | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
John A. McKenna, Jr (9) |
| | | | 2,228,525 | 3.0 | 3,406,832 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
| | | | 508,758 | * | 777,758 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Paul Maier |
| | | | 440,989 | * | 674,156 | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
John F. Lyons |
| | | | 866,766 | 1.2 | 1,325,060 | 1.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Keith W. F. Bradley |
| | | | 162,870 | * | 248,986 | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Behdad Eghbali (2) |
| | | | 26,391,584 | 35.8 | 40,345,840 | 54.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Jose E. Feliciano (2) |
| | | | 26,391,584 | 35.8 | 40,345,840 | 54.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Christopher Jurasek |
| | | | 163,501 | * | 249,950 | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Prashant Mehrotra |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
James Pade |
| | | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Timothy J. Pawlenty |
| | | | 162,870 | * | 248,986 | * | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All directors and executive officers as a group (13 individuals) |
| | | | 31,050,863 | 42.2 | 47,402,568 | 64.4 |
* | Less than one percent. |
(1) | Unless otherwise indicated, the business address of each of the individuals is c/o Forum Investors I, LLC 135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor, New York, New York 10022. |
(2) | Represents shares held by Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or CCPIII. CCPIII is managed by Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or CCMIII. CCMIIIs general partner is Clearlake Capital Group, L.P., whose general partner is CCG Operations, L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company, or CCG Ops. CCPIIIs general partner is Clearlake Capital Partners III GP, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, or CCPIII GP. CCPIII GPs general partner is Clearlake Capital Partners, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, or CCP. CCPs managing member is CCG Ops. José E. Feliciano and Behdad Eghbali are managers of CCG Ops and may be deemed to share voting and dispositive power of the shares held of record by CCPIII. The address of Messrs. Feliciano and Eghbali and the entities named in this footnote is c/o Clearlake CapitalGroup, 233 Wilshire Blvd, Suite 800, Santa Monica, CA 90401. |
(3) | According to a Schedule 13G filed with the SEC on May 10, 2017, by Polar Asset Management Partners Inc., the business address of Polar Asset Management Partners Inc., is 401 Bay Street, Suite 1900, PO Box 19, Toronto, Ontario M5H 2Y4, Canada. Polar Asset Management Partners Inc., a company incorporated under the laws of Ontario, Canada, (the PAMP) serves as investment advisor to Polar Multi-Strategy Master Fund, a Cayman Islands exempted company (PMSMF) and has sole voting and investment discretion with respect such securities which are held by PMSMF. PAMP disclaims beneficial ownership such securities, except to the extent of PAMPs pecuniary interest therein. |
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(4) | According to a Form 4 filed with the SEC on April 19, 2017, each of Forums officers and directors is a member of the Sponsor, either directly or indirectly through the managing member of the Sponsor. Stephen A, Vogel, Marshall Kiev, and David Boris, Forums Executive Officers and Directors are the sole members of Forum Capital Management, LLC, the managing member of the Sponsor. Forum Capital Management, LLC has the sole voting and dispositive power of the securities held by the Sponsor. Each member of Forum Capital Management, LLC has one vote, and the approval of two of the three members is required to approve an action of the Sponsor. Under the so-called rule of three, if voting and dispositive decisions regarding an entitys securities are made by three or more individuals, and a voting or dispositive decision requires the approval of a majority of those individuals, then none of the individuals is deemed a beneficial owner of the entitys securities. Therefore, no individual member of the managing member of the Sponsor exercises voting or dispositive control over any of the securities held by the Sponsor, even those in which he directly holds a pecuniary interest. Accordingly, none of them are deemed to have or share beneficial ownership of such shares. The number of shares owned by Forum Investors I, LLC does not include 622,500 shares of Class A Common Stock underlying the warrants, which are exercisable on the later of 30 days after the completion of an initial business combination or 12 months from the closing of Forums IPO. |
(5) | Does not include any shares held by the Sponsor. This individual is a member of our sponsor, either directly or indirectly through the managing member of the Sponsor, as described in footnote (4). |
(6) | Includes 937,500 shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the PIPE Investment held directly by Stephen Vogel. |
(7) | Includes 312,500 shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the PIPE Investment held by The Neil Goldberg 1995 Irrevocable Trust of which Stephen Goldberg is the trustee. |
(8) | Includes 125,000 shares of Class A Common Stock purchased in the PIPE Investment held by Katzman Family LLC of which Richard Katzman is the investment manager. |
(9) | Includes (i) 1,678,726 shares directly held by Mr. McKenna and (ii) 599,799 shares held by The John Arthur McKenna, Jr. Irrevocable Trust, dated August 27, 2014, of which Mr. McKennas wife is the sole trustee in the case of no redemption, and (i) 2,489,897 shares directly held by Mr. McKenna and (ii) 916,936 shares held by The John Arthur McKenna, Jr. Irrevocable Trust, dated August 27, 2014, of which Mr. McKennas wife is the sole trustee in the case of 100% redemption. |
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PERSON TRANSACTIONS
Forum
Related Person Policy
Forums Code of Ethics requires Forum to avoid, wherever possible, all related party transactions that could result in actual or potential conflicts of interests, except under guidelines approved by Forums board of directors (or the audit committee). Related-party transactions are defined as transactions in which (1) the aggregate amount involved will or may be expected to exceed $120,000 in any calendar year, (2) Forum or any of its subsidiaries is a participant, and (3) any (a) executive officer, director or nominee for election as a director, (b) greater than 5% beneficial owner of Forum Common Stock, or (c) immediate family member, of the persons referred to in clauses (a) and (b), has or will have a direct or indirect material interest (other than solely as a result of being a director or a less than 10% beneficial owner of another entity). A conflict of interest situation can arise when a person takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may also arise if a person, or a member of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position.
Forums audit committee, pursuant to its written charter, will be responsible for reviewing and approving related-party transactions to the extent Forum enters into such transactions. The audit committee will consider all relevant factors when determining whether to approve a related party transaction, including whether the related party transaction is on terms no less favorable to Forum than terms generally available from an unaffiliated third-party under the same or similar circumstances and the extent of the related partys interest in the transaction. No director may participate in the approval of any transaction in which he is a related party, but that director is required to provide the audit committee with all material information concerning the transaction. Forum also requires each of its directors and executive officers to complete a directors and officers questionnaire that elicits information about related party transactions.
These procedures are intended to determine whether any such related party transaction impairs the independence of a director or presents a conflict of interest on the part of a director, employee or officer.
To further minimize conflicts of interest, Forum has agreed not to consummate an initial business combination with an entity that is affiliated with any of its Sponsor, officers or directors including (i) an entity that is either a portfolio company of, or has otherwise received a material financial investment from, any private equity fund or investment company (or an affiliate thereof) that is affiliated with any of the foregoing, (ii) an entity in which any of the foregoing or their affiliates are currently passive investors, (iii) an entity in which any of the foregoing or their affiliates are currently officers or directors, or (iv) an entity in which any of the foregoing or their affiliates are currently invested through an investment vehicle controlled by them, unless Forum has obtained an opinion from an independent investment banking firm, or another independent entity that commonly renders valuation opinions on the type of target business Forum is seeking to acquire, and the approval of a majority of its disinterested independent directors that the business combination is fair to Forums unaffiliated stockholders from a financial point of view.
Founders Shares
On December 28, 2016, Forum issued an aggregate of 3,593,750 Founders Shares for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. The Founders Shares will automatically convert into Class A Common Stock upon the consummation of a business combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustments. On April 6, 2017, Forum effectuated a 1.2-for-1 stock dividend of its Class F Common Stock resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founders Shares outstanding.
The 4,312,500 Founders Shares included an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares which were subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part so that the Sponsor would own, on an as-converted basis, 20.0% of Forums issued and outstanding shares
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after the Forum IPO (excluding the Placement Shares and Representative Shares). As a result of the underwriters election to exercise their over-allotment option in full on April 18, 2017, 562,500 Founders Shares were no longer subject to forfeiture.
The Sponsor has agreed that, subject to certain limited exceptions, 50% of its Founders Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a business combination or earlier if, subsequent to a business combination, the last sales price of Forum Common Stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing 150 days after a business combination, and the remaining 50% of its Founders Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a business combination.
Placement Units
Simultaneously with the Forum IPO, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 555,000 Placement Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit, (or an aggregate purchase price of $5,550,000). In addition, on April 18, 2017, Forum consummated the sale of an additional 67,500 Placement Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit, which were purchased by the Sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $675,000. Each Placement Unit consists of one Placement Share, one Placement Right and one-half of one Placement Warrant. The proceeds from the Placement Units were added to the proceeds from the Forum IPO held in the Trust Account. If Forum does not complete a business combination by April 12, 2019, the proceeds of the sale of the Placement Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and the Placement Rights and Placement Warrants will expire worthless.
The Placement Units are identical to the Units sold in the Forum IPO except that the Placement Warrants (i) are not redeemable by Forum and (ii) may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, so long as they are held by the initial purchaser or any of its permitted transferees. In addition, the Placement Units and their component securities may not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the consummation of a business combination, subject to certain limited exceptions.
Related Party Advances
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Sponsor advanced the Company an aggregate of $204,923 for costs associated with the Initial Public Offering and for working capital purposes. The advances are non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has repaid $216,452 of such advances. There were $1,962 and $13,491 of advances outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on April 7, 2017 through the earlier of the consummation of a Business Combination or the Companys liquidation, the Company will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and administrative support. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred $30,000 and $60,000 in fees for these services, respectively, of which $41,137 is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying condensed balance sheet at September 30, 2017.
Related Party Loans
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, the Companys officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds from time to time or at any time, as may be required ( Working Capital Loans ). Each Working Capital Loan would be evidenced by a promissory note. The Working Capital Loans would either be paid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the holders discretion, up to $1,500,000 of the Working Capital Loans may be converted into Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. The Units would be identical to the Placement Units. There were no Working Capital Loans outstanding as of September 30, 2017.
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In accordance with the Sponsor Earnout Letter, the Sponsor has agreed that effective upon the Closing, with respect to the 4,312,500 Founders Shares owned by the Sponsor, the Sponsor will (a) forfeit 1,078,125 of such shares upon the Closing and (b) subject 2,156,250 Sponsor Earnout Shares to potential forfeiture in the event that the Earnout Payments are not achieved by C1 Securityholders, with one-third (1/3 rd ) of the Sponsor Earnout Shares becoming vested and no longer subject to forfeiture upon the Earnout Payment attributable for each Earnout Year being received by C1 Securityholders (whether in the form of a Regular Earnout Payment, Catchup Earnout Payment or Accelerated Earnout Payment), and in the event of a Change of Control Earnout Payment all of the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture. Any Sponsor Earnout Shares that have not vested on or prior to the date that (i) all earned Earnout Payments have been made and (ii) it is finally determined that C1 Securityholders are not entitled to or eligible to receive any further Earnout Payments under the Merger Agreement, will be forfeited by the Sponsor after such date. The Sponsor also agreed in the Sponsor Earnout Letter (i) to not transfer any Sponsor Earnout Shares until they have become vested and (ii) on behalf of itself and its members and affiliates to waive any rights that it has under Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation to the adjustment to the conversion ratio of the Founders Shares in connection with the PIPE Investment and/or the Closing and any other rights that the Sponsor and/or its members or affiliates may have had to participate in the PIPE Investment. In consideration of the agreements by the Sponsor under the Sponsor Earnout Letter, the parties thereto, including Continental, as the escrow agent under the Escrow Agreement, agreed to amend the Escrow Agreement so that in lieu of the escrow and lock-up provisions in the Escrow Agreement:
(i) the Founders Shares that are forfeited at the Closing are released from escrow for disbursement to Forum for cancellation;
(ii) the Sponsor Earnout Shares will be subject to escrow and lock-up for a period from the Closing until 180 days thereafter (or if earlier, the date on which Forum consummates a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction with an unaffiliated third party that results in all of Forums stockholders having the right to exchange either equity holdings in Forum for cash, securities or other property); provided that if the volume-weighted average price of Forum Common Stock for 15 trading days is at least $12.50 per share, then 25% of the Sponsor Earnout Shares will be released from escrow and lock-up under the Escrow Agreement (but still subject to the vesting requirements under the Sponsor Earnout Letter); and
(iii) all of the remaining Founders Shares other than the Sponsor Earnout Shares and the shares that are forfeited at the Closing will be released from escrow and no longer be subject to any lock-up restrictions effective as of the Closing.
Post-Business Combination Arrangements
After Forums initial business combination, members of its management team who remain with Forum may be paid consulting, management or other fees from the Combined Entity with any and all amounts being fully disclosed to stockholders, to the extent then known, in the proxy solicitation materials furnished to Forums stockholders. It is unlikely the amount of such compensation will be known at the time of a stockholder meeting held to consider an initial business combination, as it will be up to the directors of the post-combination business to determine executive and director compensation. In this event, such compensation will be publicly disclosed at the time of its determination in a Current Report on Form 8-K, as required by the SEC.
Registration Rights
The holders of the Founders Shares issued and outstanding on the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, as well as the holders of the Placement Units (and their underlying securities), any Units the Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates may be issued in payment of working capital loans made to us (and all underlying securities), and any of the Representative Shares are entitled to registration rights. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands that we register such securities. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may only make a demand registration (i) on one occasion and (ii) during the five year period beginning on April 6, 2017 (the effective date of the registration
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statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO). The holders of the majority of the Founders Shares can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time commencing three months prior to the date on which these shares of common stock are to be released from escrow. The holders of a majority of the Placement Units issued to the Sponsor, officers, directors or their affiliates in payment of working capital loans made to us (in each case, including the underlying securities) can elect to exercise these registration rights at any time after Forum consummates a business combination. In addition, the holders have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the consummation of a business combination. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, EBC and/or its designees may participate in a piggy-back registration during the seven year period beginning on April 6, 2017 (the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO). Forum will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Following the Business Combination, certain C1 Securityholders and the Sponsor will hold registration rights with respect to shares of Common Stock issued as merger consideration under the Merger Agreement, including any Earnout Stock Payments, as well as shares of Common Stock held by the Sponsor or issuable upon the exercise of warrants by the Sponsor. Stockholders holding a majority-in-interest of such registrable securities will be entitled to make a written demand for registration under the Securities Act of all or part of their registrable securities. Subject to certain exceptions, such stockholders will also have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed by the Combined Entity, as well additional rights to provide for registration of registrable securities on Form S-3 and any similar short-form registration statement that may be available at such time.
In addition, EBC will have certain demand registration rights; provided, however, that, EBC and/or its designees may only make a demand registration (i) on one occasion and (ii) during the five year period beginning on April 6, 2017, the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO. EBC will also have certain piggy-back registration rights; provided, however, that EBC and/or its designees may only participate in a piggy-back registration during the seven year period beginning on the effective date of the registration statement filed with the SEC for the Forum IPO.
The Combined Entity will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements described above.
C1
The following is a summary of transactions since January 1, 2016 to which C1 has been a participant, in which:
| the amount involved exceeded or will exceed $120,000; and |
| any of its directors, executive officers, or holders of more than 5% of its capital stock, or any member of the immediate family of the foregoing persons, had or will have a direct or indirect material interest, other than compensation and other arrangements that are described in the section titled Executive Compensation of C1 or that were approved by its compensation committee. |
C1 believes the terms obtained or consideration that it paid or received, as applicable, in connection with the transactions described below were comparable to terms available or the amounts that would be paid or received, as applicable in arms-length transactions.
Management and Monitoring Services Agreement
In June 2014, C1 entered into a Management and Monitoring Services Agreement with Clearlake, pursuant to which Clearlake provides advisory services to C1 and receives fees and reimbursements of related out-of-pocket expenses. This agreement is terminable by Clearlake upon 30 days notice.
Under this agreement, C1 paid to Clearlake $3.8 million, $1.5 million and $1.5 million in 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively, for management fees. Also under this agreement, C1 reimbursed Clearlake $200,000 in 2014
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and $100,000 in October 2016 for certain out-of-pocket expenses in connection with certain management and administrative support services provided by Clearlake. In connection with the Business Combination, C1 will terminate this agreement upon the Closing. Accordingly, C1 will cease to have any obligation to pay fees thereunder, other than accrued amounts as of the date of termination.
Issuances of Securities
In June 2014, C1 issued 85,675,000 shares of C1 Class A common stock at a purchase price of $1.00 per share to Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P., an entity affiliated with Clearlake, for an aggregate purchase price of $85.7 million. The following members of C1s board of directors, Behdad Eghbali, Prashant Mehrotra, and James Pade are a co-founder and managing partner, partner, and principal, respectively, of Clearlake.
In June 2014, C1 issued an aggregate of 4,208,258 shares of C1 Class A common stock and 11,674,430 shares of C1 Class B common stock in exchange for shares of C1 Class A common stock of ConvergeOne Holdings Corp. in connection with its acquisition by Clearlake. The following table summarizes shares of common stock issued to C1s executive officers in connection with such exchange.
Name |
Shares of
C1 Class A Common Stock |
Shares of
C1 Class B Common Stock |
||||||
John A. McKenna, Jr. |
1,947,127 | 5,287,333 | ||||||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
488,368 | 1,163,213 | ||||||
John F. Lyons |
698,851 | 2,114,933 | ||||||
Paul Maier |
268,368 | 1,163,213 |
All of the shares of C1 Class B common stock issued to C1s executive officers in such exchange are subject to vesting subject to such executive officers continued service to C1. Upon the Closing of the Business Combination all unvested shares will accelerate and vest in full.
Stockholder Rights Agreement
In June 2014, C1 entered into a stockholders agreement with, among others, Clearlake, John A. McKenna, Jr., Jeffrey Nachbor, John F. Lyons, and Paul Maier. Pursuant to this agreement, C1 granted those stockholders rights of first offer on certain stock issuances by C1, rights of first refusal and co-sale, information rights, and required those stockholders to approve a sale transaction if certain conditions were met. Pursuant to this agreement, C1 also granted these stockholders registration rights with respect to their shares of common stock. These provisions of this agreement will automatically terminate upon the closing of the Business Combination.
In addition, under the terms of the stockholders agreement, the stockholders who are party to the stockholders agreement have agreed to vote their respective shares so as to elect as directors all individuals designated by a fund managed by Clearlake. Upon the closing of the merger, C1 expects to amend and restate the stockholders agreement.
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Cash Distribution
In October 2016, C1 declared and paid a cash distribution of $89.9 million, or $1.00 per share of Class A common stock then-outstanding. Of such distribution, Clearlake and C1s executive officers received the following amounts:
Name |
Amount of
Distribution Received |
|||
Clearlake |
$ | 85,675,000 | ||
John A. McKenna, Jr. (1) |
1,947,127 | |||
Jeffrey Nachbor |
488,368 | |||
John F. Lyons |
698,851 | |||
Paul Maier |
268,368 |
(1) | Distribution paid to The John Arthur McKenna, Jr. Irrevocable Trust, dated August 27, 2014. Mr. McKennas wife is the sole trustee. |
Offer Letters
C1 has entered into offer letters with its executive officers. For more information regarding these offer letters, see the section titled Executive Compensation of C1Employment and Change in Control Arrangements .
Equity Grants
C1 has granted stock options to the non-employee members of its board of directors. For a description of these stock options, see the section titled Executive Officers and Directors of C12017 Non-Employee Director Compensation .
Loans
In September 2017, C1 loaned Christopher Jurasek $1.8 million pursuant to a series of promissory notes each with an interest rate of 2.6% per annum, in connection with Mr. Juraseks exercise of a stock option to purchase 530,772 shares of C1 common stock. Mr. Jurasek will repay such loan amount prior to the Closing of the Business Combination.
Indemnification Agreements
The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation will contain provisions limiting the liability of directors, and its amended and restated bylaws will provide that it will indemnify the directors and executive officers to the fullest extent permitted under Delaware law. The Combined Entitys amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws will also provide the board of directors with discretion to indemnify the other officers, employees, and agents when determined appropriate by the board of directors. In addition, the Combined Entity will enter into an indemnification agreement with each of its directors and executive officers, which requires it to indemnify them. For more information regarding these agreements, see the section titled Description of Securities of ForumLimitation on Liability and Indemnification of Directors and Officers .
Related Party Transaction Policy
Although C1 has not had a written policy for the review and approval of transactions with related persons, its board of directors has historically reviewed and approved any transaction where a director or officer had a financial interest, including the transactions described above. Prior to approving such a transaction, the material facts as to a director or officers relationship or interest in the agreement or transaction were disclosed to the board of directors. ConvergeOnes board of directors took this information into account when evaluating the transaction and in determining whether such transaction was fair to the company and in the best interest of all its stockholders.
277
PRICE RANGE AND DIVIDENDS OF SECURITIES
Forum
Price Range of Forum Securities
Forum Units, Class A Common Stock, Rights and Warrants are currently listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbols FMCIU, FMCI, FMCIR and FMCIW, respectively. The Units commenced public trading on April 7, 2017. The Class A Common Stock, Rights and Warrants each commenced separate public trading on May 2, 2017.
The table below sets forth, for the calendar quarter indicated, the high and low bid prices of the Units, Class A Common Stock, Rights and Warrants as reported on the Nasdaq for the period April 7, 2017 through December 31, 2017.
Units (FMCIU) |
Forum Class A
Common Stock (FMCI) |
Warrants (FMCIW) | Rights (FMCIR) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
High | Low | High | Low | High | Low | High | Low | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
2017 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Second Quarter (1) |
$ | 10.40 | $ | 10.00 | $ | 10.19 | $ | 9.6499 | $ | 0.61 | $ | 0.210 | $ | 0.600 | $ | 0.33 | ||||||||||||||||
Third Quarter |
$ | 10.31 | $ | 10.10 | $ | 9.785 | $ | 9.50 | $ | 0.4799 | $ | 0.3003 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.24 | ||||||||||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
$ | 11.02 | $ | 10.10 | $ | 10.67 | $ | 9.67 | $ | 0.75 | $ | 0.28 | $ | 0.72 | $ | 0.24 |
(1) | The high and low trade prices per share of the Units for the Second Quarter of 2017 covers the period starting April 7, 2017 through June 30, 2017. The high and low trade prices per share of the Class A Common Stock, Warrants and Rights for the Second Quarter of 2017 covers the period starting May 2, 2017 through June 30, 2017. |
Holders of Forum
As of the Record Date, there were holders of record of Forum Common Stock, holders of record of Rights and holders of record of Warrants.
Dividend Policy of Forum
Forum has not paid any cash dividends on its common stock to date and does not intend to pay cash dividends prior to the completion of its initial business combination.
C1
Price Range of C1 Securities
Historical market price information regarding C1 is not provided because there is no public market for C1 securities. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations of C1Liquidity and Capital Resources .
Holders of C1
As of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, there were nine holders of C1 Class A common stock and 18 holders of C1 Class B common stock.
Dividend Policy of C1
In October 2016, C1 declared and paid a cash distribution on C1 Class A common stock in the amount of $90 million. C1 has not declared or paid any other cash distribution or dividend on its capital stock.
278
Dividend Policy of the Company Following the Business Combination
Following the consummation of the Business Combination, the Combined Entitys board of directors will adopt a stated dividend policy pursuant to which it will use its commercially reasonable efforts to declare and pay a dividend in such amount as to provide an annual dividend yield to its stockholders of at least one percent (1%), subject to the determination by the Combined Entitys board of directors (i) that such dividend payment is permitted by applicable law, (ii) that the Combined Entity and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, have a sufficient amount of unrestricted cash to make such dividend payment and still satisfy their respective existing liabilities and have sufficient reserves for future contingencies or future needs of their business, and (iii) the Combined Entity is in compliance with the terms of its current credit facilities and any future indebtedness.
279
Forums stockholders do not have appraisal rights in connection with the Business Combination under Delaware law.
C1s Securityholders will have appraisal rights in connection with the Business Combination under Delaware law. No C1 stockholder who has validly exercised its appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the Delaware General Corporate Law ( DGCL ) (a Dissenting Stockholder ) with respect to its C1 Stock (such shares, Dissenting Shares ) will be entitled to receive any portion of the Total Consideration with respect to the Dissenting Shares owned by such Dissenting Stockholder unless and until such Dissenting Stockholder will have effectively withdrawn or lost its appraisal rights under the DGCL. Each Dissenting Stockholder will be entitled to receive only the payment resulting from the procedure set forth in Section 262 of the DGCL with respect to the Dissenting Shares owned by such Dissenting Stockholder. C1 will give Forum and the Sponsor (i) prompt notice of any written demands for appraisal, attempted withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments served pursuant to applicable Laws that are received by C1 relating to any Dissenting Stockholders rights of appraisal and (ii) the opportunity to direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to demand for appraisal under the DGCL. C1 will not, except with the prior written consent of Forum and the Sponsor, voluntarily make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal, offer to settle or settle any such demands or approve any withdrawal of any such demands. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Dissenting Stockholders will have no rights to any portion of the Total Consideration with respect to any Dissenting Shares.
Certain legal matters relating to the validity of the Class A Common Stock to be issued hereunder will be passed upon for Forum by Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP, New York, New York.
The audited financial statements of Forum Merger Corporation for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) to December 31, 2016 included in this proxy statement/prospectus have been so included in reliance on a report of Marcum LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein and are included in reliance on such report given upon such firm as experts in auditing and accounting.
The consolidated financial statements of C1 Investment Corp. as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2016, and for the years then ended included in this proxy statement/prospectus have been audited by RSM US LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, as set forth in their report thereon appearing elsewhere herein, and are included in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
The transfer agent for Forums securities is Continental.
DELIVERY OF DOCUMENTS TO STOCKHOLDERS
Pursuant to the rules of the SEC, Forum and servicers that it employs to deliver communications to Forums stockholders are permitted to deliver to two or more stockholders sharing the same address a single copy of this proxy statement/prospectus. Upon written or oral request, Forum will deliver a separate copy of this proxy statement/prospectus to any stockholder at a shared address to which a single copy of this proxy statement/prospectus was delivered and who wishes to receive separate copies in the future. Stockholders receiving multiple copies of this proxy statement/prospectus may likewise request that Forum deliver single copies of Forums proxy statement in the future. Stockholders may notify Forum of their requests by calling or writing Forum at its principal executive offices at c/o Forum Investors I, LLC, 135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor, New York, New York.
280
SUBMISSION OF STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS
Forums board of directors is aware of no other matter that may be brought before the Special Meeting. Under Delaware law, only business that is specified in the notice of Special Meeting to stockholders may be transacted at the Special Meeting.
If the Business Combination is completed, you will be entitled to attend and participate in the Combined Entitys annual meetings of shareholders. If we hold a 2018 annual meeting of shareholders, we will provide notice of or otherwise publicly disclose the date on which the 2018 annual meeting will be held. If the 2018 annual meeting of shareholders is held, shareholder proposals will be eligible for consideration by the directors for inclusion in the proxy statement for the Companys 2018 annual meeting of shareholders in accordance with Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC as required by the Exchange Act. You can read Forums SEC filings, including this proxy statement/prospectus, over the Internet at the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov. You may also read and copy any document Forum files with the SEC at the SEC public reference room located at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580 Washington, D.C., 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also obtain copies of the materials described above at prescribed rates by writing to the SEC, Public Reference Section, 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549.
If you would like additional copies of this proxy statement/prospectus or if you have questions about the Business Combination or the proposals to be presented at the Special Meeting, you should contact Forum by telephone or in writing:
David Boris
Co-Chief Executive Officer
Forum Merger Corporation
c/o Forum Investors I, LLC
135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor,
New York, New York
Tel: (212) 739-7860
You may also obtain these documents by requesting them in writing or by telephone from Forums proxy solicitation agent at the following address and telephone number:
Morrow Sodali LLC
470 West Avenue
Stamford, CT 06902
Tel: (800) 662-5200 or (203) 658-9400 (banks and brokers)
Email: FMCI.info@morrowsodali.com
If you are a stockholder of Forum and would like to request documents, please do so by February 13, 2018, in order to receive them before the Special Meeting. If you request any documents from Forum, Forum will mail them to you by first class mail, or another equally prompt means.
All information contained or incorporated by reference in this proxy statement/prospectus relating to Forum has been supplied by Forum, and all such information relating to C1 has been supplied by C1. Information provided by either Forum or C1 does not constitute any representation, estimate or projection of any other party.
281
This document is a proxy statement/prospectus of Forum for the Special Meeting. Forum has not authorized anyone to give any information or make any representation about the Business Combination, Forum or C1 that is different from, or in addition to, that contained in this proxy statement/prospectus. Therefore, if anyone does give you information of this sort, you should not rely on it. The information contained in this proxy statement/prospectus speaks only as of the date of this proxy statement/prospectus, unless the information specifically indicates that another date applies.
282
Page
Number |
||||
Audited Financial Statements of Forum Merger Corporation |
||||
F-2 | ||||
F-3 | ||||
F-4 | ||||
F-5 | ||||
F-6 | ||||
F-7-F-17 | ||||
Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Statements of Forum Merger Corporation |
||||
Unaudited Condensed Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 |
F-18 | |||
F-19 | ||||
F-20 | ||||
Unaudited Condensed Statement of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017 |
F-21 | |||
F-22 | ||||
Consolidated Financial Statements of Converge One |
||||
F-35 | ||||
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 |
F-36 | |||
F-37 | ||||
F-38 | ||||
F-39 |
F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholder
of Forum Merger Corporation
We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Forum Merger Corporation (the Company) as of December 31, 2016, and the related statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and cash flows for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) to December 31, 2016. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Forum Merger Corporation, as of December 31, 2016, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) to December 31, 2016 then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, the Company has no present revenue, its business plan is dependent on the completion of a financing and the Companys cash and working capital as of December 31, 2016 are not sufficient to complete its planned activities for the upcoming year. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. Managements plans regarding these matters are also described in Notes 1 and 3. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
New York, NY
April 7, 2017
F-2
BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2016
ASSETS |
||||
Current assetcash |
$ | 25,000 | ||
Deferred offering costs |
13,491 | |||
Total Assets |
$ | 38,491 | ||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||
Current liabilities |
||||
Accounts payable |
$ | 2,092 | ||
Advances from related parties |
13,491 | |||
Total Liabilities |
15,583 | |||
Commitments |
||||
Stockholders Equity |
||||
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 authorized; none issued and outstanding |
| |||
Class A Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 30,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding |
| |||
Class F Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 4,312,500 shares issued and outstanding (1) |
431 | |||
Additional paid-in capital |
24,569 | |||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,092 | ) | ||
Total Stockholders Equity |
22,908 | |||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
$ | 38,491 |
(1) | Includes an aggregate of 562,500 shares held by the initial stockholder that are subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment is not exercised in full (Note 7). |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-3
STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
For the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016
Formation and operating costs |
$ | 2,092 | ||
Net Loss |
$ | (2,092 | ) | |
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted (1) |
3,750,000 | |||
Basic and diluted net loss per common share |
$ | (0.00 | ) |
(1) | Excludes an aggregate of 562,500 shares held by the initial stockholder that are subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment is not exercised in full (Note 7). |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-4
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Common Stock (1) |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Accumulated
Deficit |
Total
Stockholders Equity |
|||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||
BalanceNovember 17, 2016 (inception) |
| $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||
Issuance of common stock to initial stockholder (1) |
4,312,500 | 431 | 24,569 | | 25,000 | |||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (2,092 | ) | (2,092 | ) | |||||||||||||
BalanceDecember 31, 2016 |
4,312,500 | $ | 431 | $ | 24,569 | $ | (2,092 | ) | $ | 22,908 |
(1) | Includes an aggregate of 562,500 shares held by the initial stockholder that are subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment is not exercised in full (Note 7). |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-5
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||
Net loss |
$ | (2,092 | ) | |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||
Accounts payable |
2,092 | |||
Net cash used in operating activities |
| |||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock to initial stockholder |
25,000 | |||
Advances from related parties |
13,491 | |||
Payment of offering costs |
(13,491 | ) | ||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
25,000 | |||
Net Change in Cash |
25,000 | |||
CashBeginning |
| |||
CashEnding |
$ | 25,000 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the financial statements.
F-6
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
1DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Forum Merger Corporation (the Company), is a newly organized blank check company incorporated in Delaware on November 17, 2016. The Company was formed for the purpose of acquiring, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, recapitalization, exchangeable share transaction or other similar business transaction, one or more operating businesses or assets that the Company has not yet identified (a Business Combination). Although the Company is not limited to a particular industry or geographic region for purposes of consummating a Business Combination, the Company intends to focus on businesses in the United States.
At December 31, 2016, the Company had not yet commenced operations. All activity through December 31, 2016 relates to the Companys formation and the Proposed Offering (as defined below), which is described below. The Company has selected December 31 as its fiscal year end.
The Companys ability to commence operations is contingent upon obtaining adequate financial resources through a proposed initial public offering of 15,000,000 units at $10.00 per unit (or 17,250,000 units if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full) (Units), which is discussed in Note 3 (the Proposed Offering) and the sale of 555,000 Units (or 622,500 units if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full) (the Founders Units) at a price of $10.00 per Unit in a private placement to Forum Investors I, LLC (the Sponsor or Initial Stockholder), that will close simultaneously with the Proposed Offering. The Companys management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of the Proposed Offering and Founders Units, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. The Companys initial Business Combination must be with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance in the Trust Account (as defined below) (net of taxes payable) at the time of the signing an agreement to enter into a Business Combination. However, the Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-Business Combination company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully effect a Business Combination. Upon the closing of the Proposed Offering, management has agreed that $10.10 per Unit sold in the Proposed Offering and the proceeds from the sale of the Founders Units will be held in a trust account (Trust Account) and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act, with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund meeting the conditions of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account as described below, except that interest earned on the Trust Account can be released to pay the Companys income tax obligations.
The Company will provide its stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their shares included in the Units sold in the Proposed Offering (the Public Shares) upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The stockholders will be entitled to redeem their shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then on deposit in the Trust Account (initially approximately $10.10 per share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company for working capital purposes or to pay its tax obligations). There will be no redemption rights upon the completion of a Business Combination with respect to the Companys warrants. The common stock subject to redemption will be recorded at a redemption value and
F-7
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
classified as temporary equity upon the completion of the Proposed Offering, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity. In such case, the Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and a majority of the outstanding shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, a stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Initial Stockholder has agreed to vote its Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5), Placement Shares (as defined in Note 4) and any Public Shares held by it in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a group (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to an aggregate of 20% or more of the Class A common stock sold in the Proposed Offering.
The Company will have until 24 months from the closing of the Proposed Offering to consummate a Business Combination (the Combination Period). However, if the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purpose of winding up, (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but no more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned (net of taxes payable), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the remaining stockholders and the Companys board of directors, proceed to commence a voluntary liquidation and thereby a formal dissolution of the Company, subject in each case to its obligations to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of applicable law.
The Initial Stockholder has agreed to (i) waive its conversion rights with respect to its Founder Shares, Placement Shares and Public Shares in connection with the consummation of a Business Combination, (ii) to waive its rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to its Founder Shares and Placement Shares if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination within the Combination Period and (iii) not to propose an amendment to the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Companys obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their shares in conjunction with any such amendment. However, the Initial Stockholder will be entitled to liquidating distributions with respect to any Public Shares acquired if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination or liquidates within the Combination Period. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the residual assets remaining available for distribution (including Trust Account assets) will be less than the $10.10 per Unit in the Proposed Offering. In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the
F-8
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account. This liability will not apply with respect to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the Trust Account or to any claims under the Companys indemnity of the underwriters of the Proposed Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (other than the Companys independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.
Going Concern Consideration
At December 31, 2016, the Company had $25,000 in cash and working capital of $9,417. The Company has incurred and expects to continue to incur significant costs in pursuit of its financing and acquisition plans. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. Management plans to address this uncertainty through a Proposed Offering as discussed in Note 3. There is no assurance that the Companys plans to raise capital or to consummate a Business Combination will be successful within the Combination Period. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
2SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
The accompanying financial statements are presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) and pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC.
Emerging growth company
The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the Securities Act), as modified by the Jumpstart our Business Startups Act of 2012, (the JOBS Act), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, Section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard.
F-9
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
This may make comparison of the Companys financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from our estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2016.
Deferred offering costs
Deferred offering costs consist of underwriting, legal, accounting and other expenses incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the Proposed Offering and that will be charged to stockholders equity upon the completion of the Proposed Offering. Should the Proposed Offering prove to be unsuccessful, these deferred costs, as well as additional expenses to be incurred, will be charged to operations.
Income taxes
The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of December 31, 2016, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal, state and city taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal, state and city tax laws. The Companys management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
F-10
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
The provision for income taxes was deemed to be immaterial for the period ended December 31, 2016.
Net loss per common share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. Net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period, excluding shares of common stock subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholder. Weighted average shares were reduced for the effect of an aggregate of 562,500 shares of common stock that are subject to forfeiture if the over-allotment option is not exercised by the underwriters (see Note 7). At December 31, 2016, the Company did not have any dilutive securities and other contracts that could, potentially, be exercised or converted into common stock and then share in the earnings of the Company. As a result, diluted loss per common share is the same as basic loss per common share for the periods.
Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash accounts in a financial institution which, at times may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. At December 31, 2016, the Company had not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair value of financial instruments
The fair value of the Companys assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.
Recently issued accounting standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Companys consolidated financial statements.
Subsequent events
The Company evaluated subsequent events and transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were available to be issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
3PROPOSED OFFERING
In the Proposed Offering, the Company will offer for sale 15,000,000 units, (or 17,250,000 Units if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full) at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit. Each Unit will consist of one share of Class A common stock, one right (Public Right) and one-half of one warrant (Public Warrant). Each Public Right will convert into one-tenth (1/10) of one share of Class A common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination (see Note 7). Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 (see Note 7).
4PRIVATE PLACEMENT
In connection with the Proposed Offering, the Sponsor has committed to purchase an aggregate of 555,000 Founders Units (or 622,500 Founders Units if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full), at
F-11
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
$10.00 per Placement Unit ($5,550,000 in the aggregate, or $6,225,000 in the aggregate if the over-allotment option is exercised in full) in a private placement that will occur simultaneously with the consummation of the Proposed
Offering. Each Placement Unit will consist of one share of Class A common stock (Placement Share), one right (Placement Right) and one-half of one warrant (each, a Placement Warrant) to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50. The proceeds from the Founders Units will be added to the proceeds from the Proposed Offering to be held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds of the sale of the Founders Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and the Placement Rights and Placement Warrants will expire worthless.
The Founders Units are identical to the Units to be sold in the Proposed Offering except that the Placement Warrants (i) will not be redeemable by the Company and (ii) may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, so long as they are held by the initial purchaser or any of its permitted transferees. In addition, the Founders Units and their component securities may not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the consummation of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions.
5RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Founder Shares
On December 28, 2016, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,593,750 shares of Class F common stock to the Sponsor (Founder Shares) for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. The Founder Shares will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon the consummation of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustments as described in Note 7. On April 6, 2017, the Company authorized a 1.2-for-1 stock dividend of its Class F common stock resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founder Shares outstanding. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend. The 4,312,500 Founder Shares include an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares subject to forfeiture by the Initial Stockholder to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment is not exercised in full or in part, so that the Initial Stockholder will own, on an as-converted basis, 22.1% of the Companys issued and outstanding shares after the Proposed Offering.
The Initial Stockholder has agreed that, subject to certain limited exceptions, 50% of its Founder Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination or earlier if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the last sales price of the Companys common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing 150 days after a Business Combination, and the remaining 50% of its Founder Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination.
Related Party Advances
As of December 31, 2016, the Sponsor advanced an aggregate of $13,491 for costs associated with the Proposed Offering. The advances are non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. The Company intends to repay the advances from the proceeds of the Proposed Offering not being placed in the Trust Account.
Administrative Service Fee
The Company has agreed, commencing on the effective date of the Proposed Offering through the earlier of the consummation of a Business Combination or the Companys liquidation, to pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and administrative support.
F-12
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
Related Party Loans
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, the Companys officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds from time to time or at any time, as may be required (Working Capital Loans). Each Working Capital Loan would be evidenced by a promissory note. The Working Capital Loans would either be paid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the holders discretion, up to $1,500,000 of the Working Capital Loans may be converted into Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. The Units would be identical to the Founders Units.
6COMMITMENTS & CONTINGENCIES
Registration Rights
The holders of the Founder Shares, Founders Units (and their underlying securities), Representative Shares (as a defined below) and any Units that may be issued upon conversion of the Working Capital Loans (and their underlying securities) will be entitled to registration rights pursuant to a registration rights agreement to be signed prior to or on the effective date of the Proposed Offering. The holders of a majority of these securities will be entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that the Company register such securities. In addition, the holders will have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of a Business Combination and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement will provide that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicable lock-up period. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriters Agreement
The Company will grant the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 2,250,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments at the Proposed Offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions.
The underwriters will be entitled to a cash underwriting discount of two percent (2.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Proposed Offering, or $3,000,000 (or up to $3,450,000 if the underwriters over-allotment is exercised in full).
In addition, the Company has agreed to issue the underwriter (and/or its designees) 150,000 shares of Class A common stock (or up to 172,500 shares if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full) (the Representative Shares) upon the consummation of the Proposed Offering. The Company intends to account for the Representative Shares as an expense of the Proposed Offering resulting in a charge directly to stockholders equity. The Company estimates that the fair value of Representative Shares is $1,500,000 (or $1,725,000 if the underwriters over-allotment option is exercised in full) based upon the offering price of the Units of $10.00 per Unit. The underwriter has agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares until the completion of a Business Combination. In addition, the underwriter (and/or its designees) has agreed (i) to waive its redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) to waive its rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
The shares have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a lock-up for a period of 180 days pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of FINRAs NASD Conduct Rules. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1), these securities will not be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following
F-13
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
the date of the Proposed Offering, nor may they be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days immediately following the Proposed Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Proposed Offering and their bona fide officers or partners.
Business Combination Marketing Agreement
The Company has engaged EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. (EBC) as an advisor in connection with a Business Combination to assist the Company in holding meetings with its shareholders to discuss a potential Business Combination and the target business attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing securities, assist the Company in obtaining shareholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press releases and public filings in connection with a Business Combination. The Company will pay EBC a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders fees which might become payable). The Company will have the right to pay up to 25% of such amount to EBC in shares of restricted stock (valued at $10.10 per share) or to another FINRA member firm retained by the Company to assist the Company in connection with a Business Combination.
Unit Purchase Option
The Company has agreed to sell the underwriter (and/or its designees), for $100, an option to purchase up to 1,125,000 Units exercisable at $10.00 per Unit (or an aggregate exercise price of $11,250,000) commencing on the later of the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement related to the Proposed Offering and the consummation of a Business Combination. The unit purchase option may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, and expires five years from the effective date of the registration statement related to the Proposed Offering. The Units issuable upon exercise of this option are identical to those offered in the Proposed Offering. The Company intends to account for the unit purchase option, inclusive of the receipt of $100 cash payment, as an expense of the Proposed Offering resulting in a charge directly to stockholders equity. The Company estimates that the fair value of this unit purchase option is approximately $3,782,546 (or $3.36 per Unit) using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of the unit purchase option to be granted to the underwriters is estimated as of the date of grant using the following assumptions: (1) expected volatility of 35%, (2) risk-free interest rate of 1.81% and (3) expected life of five years. The option and such units purchased pursuant to the option, as well as the ordinary shares underlying such units, the rights included in such units, the ordinary shares that are issuable for the rights included in such units, the warrants included in such units, and the shares underlying such warrants, have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of FINRAs NASDAQ Conduct Rules. Additionally, the option may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a one-year period (including the foregoing 180-day period) following the date of Proposed Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Proposed Offering and their bona fide officers or partners. The option grants to holders demand and piggy back rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the effective date of the registration statement with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the option. The Company will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of units issuable upon exercise of the option may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or the Companys recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the option will not be adjusted for issuances of ordinary shares at a price below its exercise price.
F-14
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
7STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Companys Board of Directors. At December 31, 2016, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.
Class A Common Stock As of December 31, 2016, the Company was authorized to issue 30,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. On April 6, 2017 the Company filed an Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, pursuant to which it increased the number of authorized shares of Class A common stock to 40,000,000 shares. Holders of the Companys Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2016, there were no shares of common stock issued and outstanding.
Class F Common Stock The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the Companys Class F common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At December 31, 2016, there were 4,312,500 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, of which 562,500 shares are subject to forfeiture to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment option is not exercised in full so that the Companys Initial Stockholder will own 20% of the issued and outstanding shares after the Proposed Offering (assuming the Initial Stockholder does not purchase any Public Shares in the Proposed Offering).
The shares of Class F common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock at the time of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment as follows. In the case that additional shares of Class A common stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in the Proposed Offering in connection with the closing of a Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class F common stock shall convert into shares of Class A common stock will be adjusted so that the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class F common stock will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of the Proposed Offering plus all shares of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with a Business Combination, excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination or pursuant to Units (and their underlying securities) issued to the Sponsor upon conversion of Working Capital Loans, after taking into account any shares of Class A common stock redeemed in connection with a Business Combination.
Holders of Class A common stock and Class F common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders except as required by law.
Rights Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon exchange of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination as the consideration related thereto has been included in the Unit purchase price paid for by investors in the Initial Public Offering. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon exchange of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
F-15
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Companys assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, the rights may expire worthless.
Warrants Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Proposed Offering; provided in each case that the Company has an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 20 business days after the closing of a Business Combination, the Company will use its best efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Company will use its best efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration of the Public Warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
The Private Warrants will be identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units being sold in the Proposed Offering, except that the Private Warrants and the Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
The Company may redeem the Public Warrants (except with respect to the Placement Warrants):
| in whole and not in part; |
| at a price of $0.01 per warrant; |
| at any time during the exercise period; |
| upon a minimum of 30 days prior written notice of redemption; and |
| if, and only if, the last sale price of the Companys Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. |
F-16
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
FOR THE PERIOD FROM NOVEMBER 17, 2016 (INCEPTION) THROUGH DECEMBER 31, 2016
| If, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of Class A common stock underlying such warrants. |
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a cashless basis, as described in the warrant agreement.
The exercise price and number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of Class A common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Companys assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.
F-17
CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
September 30,
2017 |
December 31,
2016 |
|||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||
Current Assets |
||||||||
Cash |
$ | 337,067 | $ | 25,000 | ||||
Prepaid expenses |
77,773 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Current Assets |
414,840 | 25,000 | ||||||
Deferred offering costs |
| 13,491 | ||||||
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account |
174,964,734 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Assets |
$ | 175,379,574 | $ | 38,491 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
||||||||
Current liabilities |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 52,549 | $ | 2,092 | ||||
Income taxes payable |
169,029 | | ||||||
Advances from related parties |
1,962 | 13,491 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Liabilities |
223,540 | 15,583 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Commitments |
||||||||
Common stock subject to possible redemption, 16,775,903 and -0- shares at redemption value as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively |
170,156,033 | | ||||||
Stockholders Equity |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 authorized; none issued and outstanding |
| | ||||||
Class A Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 1,269,097 and -0- shares issued and outstanding (excluding 16,775,903 and -0- shares subject to possible redemption) as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively |
127 | | ||||||
Class F Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized; 4,312,500 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 |
431 | 431 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
4,665,985 | 24,569 | ||||||
Retained earnings/(Accumulated deficit) |
333,458 | (2,092 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total Stockholders Equity |
5,000,001 | 22,908 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY |
$ | 175,379,574 | $ | 38,491 | ||||
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed financial statements.
F-18
CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Three Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
Nine Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
|||||||
Operating costs |
$ | 104,290 | $ | 235,155 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Loss from operations |
(104,290 | ) | (235,155 | ) | ||||
Other income: |
||||||||
Interest income |
405,853 | 732,299 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
56,174 | 7,435 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other income, net |
462,027 | 739,734 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Income before taxes |
357,737 | 504,579 | ||||||
Provision for income taxes |
(119,103 | ) | (169,029 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Net income |
$ | 238,634 | $ | 335,550 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted (1) |
5,560,769 | 4,864,925 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Basic and diluted net loss per common share |
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
(1) | Excludes an aggregate of up to 16,775,903 shares subject to redemption at September 30, 2017. |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed financial statements.
F-19
CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
Class A
Common Stock |
Class F
Common Stock |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings/ (Accumulated Deficit) |
Total
Stockholders Equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
BalanceJanuary 1, 2017 |
| $ | | 4,312,500 | $ | 431 | $ | 24,569 | $ | (2,092 | ) | $ | 22,908 | |||||||||||||||
Sale of 17,250,000 Units, net of underwriters discount and offering expenses |
17,250,000 | 1,725 | | | 168,570,851 | | 168,572,576 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sale of 622,500 Placement Units |
622,500 | 62 | | | 6,224,938 | | 6,225,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of 172,500 Representative Shares |
172,500 | 17 | | | (17 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Common stock subject to redemption |
(16,775,903 | ) | (1,677 | ) | | | (170,154,356 | ) | | (170,156,033 | ) | |||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | | 335,550 | 335,550 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
BalanceSeptember 30, 2017 |
1,269,097 | $ | 127 | 4,312,500 | $ | 431 | $ | 4,665,985 | $ | 333,458 | $ | 5,000,001 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed financial statements.
F-20
CONDENSED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||
Net income |
$ | 335,550 | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities: |
||||
Interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
(732,299 | ) | ||
Unrealized gain on marketable securities held in Trust Account |
(7,435 | ) | ||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||
Prepaid expenses |
(77,773 | ) | ||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
50,457 | |||
Income taxes payable |
169,029 | |||
|
|
|||
Net cash used in operating activities |
(262,471 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||
Investment of cash in Trust Account |
(174,225,000 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(174,225,000 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||
Proceeds from sale of Units, net of underwriting discounts paid |
169,050,000 | |||
Proceeds from sale of Placement Units |
6,225,000 | |||
Payment of offering costs |
(463,933 | ) | ||
Advances from related parties |
204,923 | |||
Repayment of advances from related parties |
(216,452 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
174,799,538 | |||
|
|
|||
Net Change in Cash |
312,067 | |||
CashBeginning |
25,000 | |||
|
|
|||
CashEnding |
$ | 337,067 | ||
|
|
|||
Non-Cash investing and financing activities: |
||||
Offering costs charged to additional paid in capital |
$ | 217,612 | ||
|
|
|||
Initial classification of common stock subject to possible redemption |
$ | 169,819,829 | ||
|
|
|||
Change in value of common stock subject to possible redemption |
$ | 336,204 | ||
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of the unaudited condensed financial statements.
F-21
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
NOTE 1DESCRIPTION OF ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS OPERATIONS
Forum Merger Corporation (the Company), is a blank check company incorporated in Delaware on November 17, 2016. The Company was formed for the purpose of acquiring, through a merger, capital stock exchange, asset acquisition, stock purchase, reorganization, recapitalization, exchangeable share transaction or other similar business transaction, one or more operating businesses or assets that the Company has not yet identified (a Business Combination). Although the Company is not limited to a particular industry or geographic region for purposes of consummating a Business Combination, the Company intends to focus on businesses in the United States.
At September 30, 2017, the Company had not yet commenced operations. All activity through September 30, 2017 relates to the Companys formation and its Initial Public Offering, which is described below, and identifying a target company for a Business Combination.
The registration statements for the Companys initial public offering (Initial Public Offering) were declared effective on April 6, 2017. On April 12, 2017, the Company consummated the Initial Public Offering of 15,000,000 units (Units and, with respect to the Class A common stock included in the Units being offered, the Public Shares), generating gross proceeds of $150,000,000, which is described in Note 3.
Simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company consummated the sale of 555,000 units (the Placement Units) at a price of $10.00 per Unit in a private placement to the Companys sponsor, Forum Investor I, LLC (the Sponsor), generating gross proceeds of $5,550,000, which is described in Note 4. In addition, at the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company issued 150,000 shares of Class A common stock (the Representative Shares) to the underwriter and certain other related parties.
Following the closing of the Initial Public Offering on April 12, 2017, an amount of $151,500,000 ($10.10 per Unit) from the net proceeds of the sale of the Units in the Initial Public Offering and the Placement Units was placed in a trust account (Trust Account) and invested in U.S. government securities, within the meaning set forth in Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the Investment Company Act), with a maturity of 180 days or less or in any open-ended investment company that holds itself out as a money market fund selected by the Company meeting the conditions of paragraphs (d)(2), (d)(3) and (d)(4) of Rule 2a-7 of the Investment Company Act, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the consummation of a Business Combination or (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account, as described below.
On April 18, 2017, in connection with the underwriters exercise of their over-allotment option in full, the Company consummated the sale of an additional 2,250,000 Units, and the sale of an additional 67,500 Placement Units at $10.00 per Unit, generating total gross proceeds of $23,175,000. In addition, the Company issued an additional 22,500 Representative Shares to the underwriters for no additional consideration (see Note 3 and Note 4). Following the closing, an additional $22,725,000 of net proceeds ($10.10 per Unit) was placed in the Trust Account, resulting in $174,225,000 ($10.10 per Unit) held in the Trust Account).
Transaction costs amounted to $3,927,424, consisting of $3,450,000 of underwriting fees and $477,424 of Initial Public Offering costs. As of September 30, 2017, $337,067 of cash was held outside of the Trust Account and was available for working capital purposes.
The Companys management has broad discretion with respect to the specific application of the net proceeds of its Initial Public Offering and Placement Units, although substantially all of the net proceeds are intended to be applied generally toward consummating a Business Combination. The Companys initial Business Combination must be with one or more target businesses that together have a fair market value equal to at least
F-22
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
80% of the balance in the Trust Account (net of taxes payable) at the time of the signing of a definitive agreement in connection with a Business Combination. However, the Company will only complete a Business Combination if the post-Business Combination company owns or acquires 50% or more of the outstanding voting securities of the target or otherwise acquires a controlling interest in the target sufficient for it not to be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. There is no assurance that the Company will be able to successfully effect a Business Combination.
The Company will provide its stockholders with the opportunity to redeem all or a portion of their Public Shares upon the completion of a Business Combination either (i) in connection with a stockholder meeting called to approve the Business Combination or (ii) by means of a tender offer. The decision as to whether the Company will seek stockholder approval of a Business Combination or conduct a tender offer will be made by the Company, solely in its discretion. The public stockholders will be entitled to redeem their Public Shares for a pro rata portion of the amount then on deposit in the Trust Account ($10.10 per share, plus any pro rata interest earned on the funds held in the Trust Account and not previously released to the Company to pay its tax obligations). The Company will proceed with a Business Combination if the Company has net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001 upon such consummation of a Business Combination and, if the Company seeks stockholder approval, a majority of the outstanding shares voted are voted in favor of the Business Combination. If a stockholder vote is not required by law and the Company does not decide to hold a stockholder vote for business or other legal reasons, the Company will, pursuant to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, conduct the redemptions pursuant to the tender offer rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and file tender offer documents with the SEC prior to completing a Business Combination. If, however, a stockholder approval of the transaction is required by law, or the Company decides to obtain stockholder approval for business or other legal reasons, the Company will offer to redeem shares in conjunction with a proxy solicitation pursuant to the proxy rules and not pursuant to the tender offer rules. If the Company seeks stockholder approval in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor has agreed to vote its Founder Shares (as defined in Note 5), Placement Shares (as defined in Note 4) and any Public Shares held by it in favor of approving a Business Combination. Additionally, each public stockholder may elect to redeem their Public Shares irrespective of whether they vote for or against the proposed transaction.
If the Company seeks stockholder approval of a Business Combination and it does not conduct redemptions in connection with a Business Combination pursuant to the tender offer rules, the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that a public stockholder, together with any affiliate of such stockholder or any other person with whom such stockholder is acting in concert or as a group (as defined under Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act)), will be restricted from redeeming its shares with respect to an aggregate of 20% or more of the Class A common stock sold in the Initial Public Offering.
The Company will have until 24 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering to consummate its Business Combination (the Combination Period). If the Company is unable to consummate a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the Company will (i) cease all operations except for the purposes of winding up of its affairs; (ii) as promptly as reasonably possible but no more than ten business days thereafter, redeem 100% of the outstanding Public Shares, at a per-share price, payable in cash, equal to the aggregate amount then on deposit in the Trust Account, including interest earned (net of taxes payable and up to $100,000 of dissolution expenses), divided by the number of then outstanding Public Shares, which redemption will completely extinguish public stockholders rights as stockholders (including the right to receive further liquidation distributions, if any), subject to applicable law, and (iii) as promptly as reasonably possible following such redemption, subject to the approval of the remaining stockholders and the Companys board of directors,
F-23
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
proceed to commence a voluntary liquidation and thereby a formal dissolution of the Company, subject in each case to its obligations to provide for claims of creditors and the requirements of applicable law.
The Sponsor has agreed to (i) waive its conversion rights with respect to its Founder Shares, Placement Shares and Public Shares in connection with the consummation of a Business Combination, (ii) to waive its rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to its Founder Shares and Placement Shares if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination within the Combination Period and (iii) not to propose an amendment to the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation that would affect the substance or timing of the Companys obligation to redeem 100% of its Public Shares if the Company does not complete a Business Combination, unless the Company provides the public stockholders with the opportunity to redeem their shares in conjunction with any such amendment. However, the Sponsor will be entitled to liquidating distributions with respect to any Public Shares acquired if the Company fails to consummate a Business Combination or liquidates within the Combination Period. In the event of such distribution, it is possible that the per share value of the residual assets remaining available for distribution (including Trust Account assets) will be less than the $10.10 per Unit in the Initial Public Offering. In order to protect the amounts held in the Trust Account, the Sponsor has agreed to be liable to the Company if and to the extent any claims by a vendor for services rendered or products sold to the Company, or a prospective target business with which the Company has discussed entering into a transaction agreement, reduce the amount of funds in the Trust Account. This liability will not apply with respect to any claims by a third party who executed a waiver of any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies held in the Trust Account or to any claims under the Companys indemnity of the underwriters of the Initial Public Offering against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act). Moreover, in the event that an executed waiver is deemed to be unenforceable against a third party, the Sponsor will not be responsible to the extent of any liability for such third party claims. The Company will seek to reduce the possibility that the Sponsor will have to indemnify the Trust Account due to claims of creditors by endeavoring to have all vendors, service providers (other than the Companys independent auditors), prospective target businesses or other entities with which the Company does business, execute agreements with the Company waiving any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to monies held in the Trust Account.
NOTE 2SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information and in accordance with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X of the SEC. Certain information or footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC for interim financial reporting. Accordingly, they do not include all the information and footnotes necessary for a comprehensive presentation of financial position, results of operations, or cash flows. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements include all adjustments, consisting of a normal recurring nature, which are necessary for a fair presentation of the financial position, operating results and cash flows for the periods presented.
The accompanying unaudited condensed financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Companys prospectus as filed with the SEC and declared effective on April 12, 2017, as well as the Companys Current Report on Form 8-K, as filed with the SEC on April 18, 2017. The interim results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the year ended December 31, 2017 or for any future interim periods.
F-24
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
Emerging growth company
The Company is an emerging growth company, as defined in Section 2(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the Securities Act), as modified by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the JOBS Act), and it may take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in its periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved.
Further, section 102(b)(1) of the JOBS Act exempts emerging growth companies from being required to comply with new or revised financial accounting standards until private companies (that is, those that have not had a Securities Act registration statement declared effective or do not have a class of securities registered under the Exchange Act) are required to comply with the new or revised financial accounting standards. The JOBS Act provides that a company can elect to opt out of the extended transition period and comply with the requirements that apply to non-emerging growth companies but any such election to opt out is irrevocable. The Company has elected not to opt out of such extended transition period which means that when a standard is issued or revised and it has different application dates for public or private companies, the Company, as an emerging growth company, can adopt the new or revised standard at the time private companies adopt the new or revised standard. This may make comparison of the Companys financial statements with another public company which is neither an emerging growth company nor an emerging growth company which has opted out of using the extended transition period difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Making estimates requires management to exercise significant judgment. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the financial statements, which management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, the actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Cash and cash equivalents
The Company considers all short-term investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company did not have any cash equivalents as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account
At September 30, 2017, the assets held in the Trust Account were held in cash and U.S. Treasury Bills.
Common stock subject to possible redemption
The Company accounts for its common stock subject to possible redemption in accordance with the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) Topic 480 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity.
F-25
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
Common stock subject to mandatory redemption (if any) is classified as a liability instrument and is measured at fair value. Conditionally redeemable common stock (including common stock that features redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Companys control) is classified as temporary equity. At all other times, common stock is classified as stockholders equity. The Companys common stock features certain redemption rights that are considered to be outside of the Companys control and subject to occurrence of uncertain future events. Accordingly, at September 30, 2017, common stock subject to possible redemption is presented as temporary equity, outside of the stockholders equity section of the Companys balance sheet.
Offering costs
Offering costs consist of legal, accounting, underwriting fees and other costs incurred through the balance sheet date that are directly related to the Initial Public Offering. Offering costs amounting to $3,927,424 were charged to stockholders equity upon the completion of the Initial Public Offering.
Income taxes
The Company complies with the accounting and reporting requirements of ASC Topic 740 Income Taxes, which requires an asset and liability approach to financial accounting and reporting for income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in future taxable or deductible amounts, based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established, when necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
ASC Topic 740 prescribes a recognition threshold and a measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. The Company recognizes accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no unrecognized tax benefits and no amounts accrued for interest and penalties. The Company is currently not aware of any issues under review that could result in significant payments, accruals or material deviation from its position.
The Company may be subject to potential examination by federal, state and city taxing authorities in the areas of income taxes. These potential examinations may include questioning the timing and amount of deductions, the nexus of income among various tax jurisdictions and compliance with federal, state and city tax laws. The Companys management does not expect that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will materially change over the next twelve months.
Net loss per common share
The Company complies with accounting and disclosure requirements ASC Topic 260, Earnings Per Share. Net loss per common share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. The Company applies the two-class method in calculating earnings per share. Shares of common stock subject to possible redemption at September 30, 2017, which are not currently redeemable and are not redeemable at fair value, have been excluded from the calculation of basic income per share since such shares, if redeemed, only participate in their pro rata share of the Trust Account earnings. The Company has not considered the effect of (1) warrants sold in the Initial Public Offering and private placement to purchase 8,936,250 shares of Class A common stock, (2) rights sold in the Initial Public Offering and private placement that convert into 1,787,250 shares of Class A common stock, and (3) 1,125,000 shares of Class A common stock,
F-26
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
warrants to purchase 562,500 shares of Class A common stock and rights that convert into 112,500 shares of Class A common stock in the unit purchase option sold to the underwriter, in the calculation of diluted income per share, since the exercise of the warrants and the conversion of the rights into shares of common stock is contingent upon the occurrence of uncertain future events. As a result, diluted income per common share is the same as basic income per common share for the periods.
Reconciliation of net loss per common share
The Companys net income is adjusted for the portion of income that is attributable to common stock subject to redemption, as these shares only participate in the income of the Trust Account and not the losses of the Company. Accordingly, basic and diluted loss per common share is calculated as follows:
Three Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
Nine Months
Ended September 30, 2017 |
|||||||
Net income |
$ | 238,634 | $ | 335,550 | ||||
Less: Income attributable to ordinary shares subject to redemption |
(280,292 | ) | (550,362 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Adjusted net loss |
$ | (41,658 | ) | $ | (214,812 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Weighted average shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
5,560,769 | 4,864,925 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share |
$ | (0.01 | ) | $ | (0.04 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
Concentration of credit risk
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of a cash account in a financial institution which, at times may exceed the Federal depository insurance coverage of $250,000. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had not experienced losses on this account and management believes the Company is not exposed to significant risks on such account.
Fair value of financial instruments
The fair value of the Companys assets and liabilities, which qualify as financial instruments under ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, approximates the carrying amounts represented in the accompanying balance sheets, primarily due to their short-term nature.
Recently issued accounting standards
Management does not believe that any recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting pronouncements, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the Companys financial statements.
NOTE 3INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING
Pursuant to the Initial Public Offering, the Company sold 17,250,000 Units at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit, inclusive of 2,250,000 Units sold to the underwriters on April 18, 2017 upon the underwriters election to fully exercise their over-allotment option. Each Unit consists of one share of Class A common stock, one right (Public Right) and one-half of one warrant (Public Warrant). Each Public Right will convert into one-tenth (1/10) of one share of Class A common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination (see Note 7). Each whole Public Warrant entitles the holder to purchase one share of Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 (see Note 7). No fractional Public Warrants will be issued upon separation of the Units and only whole Public Warrants trade.
F-27
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
NOTE 4PRIVATE PLACEMENT
Simultaneously with the Initial Public Offering, the Sponsor purchased an aggregate of 555,000 Placement Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit, (or an aggregate purchase price of $5,550,000). In addition, on April 18, 2017, the Company consummated the sale of an additional 67,500 Placement Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit, which were purchased by the Sponsor, generating gross proceeds of $675,000. Each Placement Unit consists of one share of Class A common stock (Placement Share), one right (Placement Right) and one-half of one warrant (each, a Placement Warrant) to purchase one share of the Class A common stock at an exercise price of $11.50 per share. The proceeds from the Placement Units were added to the proceeds from the Initial Public Offering held in the Trust Account. If the Company does not complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period, the proceeds of the sale of the Placement Units will be used to fund the redemption of the Public Shares (subject to the requirements of applicable law) and the Placement Rights and Placement Warrants will expire worthless.
The Placement Units are identical to the Units sold in the Initial Public Offering except that the Placement Warrants (i) are not redeemable by the Company and (ii) may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, so long as they are held by the initial purchaser or any of its permitted transferees. In addition, the Placement Units and their component securities may not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the consummation of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions.
NOTE 5RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Founder Shares
On December 28, 2016, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,593,750 shares of Class F common stock to the Sponsor (Founder Shares) for an aggregate purchase price of $25,000. The Founder Shares will automatically convert into Class A common stock upon the consummation of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustments, as described in Note 7. On April 6, 2017, the Company effectuated a 1.2-for-1 stock dividend of its Class F common stock resulting in an aggregate of 4,312,500 Founder Shares outstanding. All share and per share amounts have been retroactively restated to reflect the stock dividend.
The 4,312,500 Founder Shares included an aggregate of up to 562,500 shares which were subject to forfeiture by the Sponsor to the extent that the underwriters over-allotment option was not exercised in full or in part so that the Sponsor would own, on an as-converted basis, 20.0% of the Companys issued and outstanding shares after the Initial Public Offering (excluding the Placement Shares and Representative Shares). As a result of the underwriters election to exercise their over-allotment option in full on April 18, 2017, 562,500 Founder Shares are no longer subject to forfeiture.
The Sponsor has agreed that, subject to certain limited exceptions, 50% of its Founder Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination or earlier if, subsequent to a Business Combination, the last sales price of the Companys common stock equals or exceeds $12.50 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and recapitalizations) for any 20 trading days within any 30-trading day period commencing 150 days after a Business Combination, and the remaining 50% of its Founder Shares will not be transferred, assigned or sold until one year after the date of the consummation of a Business Combination.
Related Party Advances
During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Sponsor advanced the Company an aggregate of $204,923 for costs associated with the Initial Public Offering and for working capital purposes. The advances are
F-28
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
non-interest bearing, unsecured and due on demand. As of September 30, 2017, the Company has repaid $216,452 of such advances. There were $1,962 and $13,491 of advances outstanding as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively.
Administrative Services Agreement
The Company entered into an agreement whereby, commencing on April 7, 2017 through the earlier of the consummation of a Business Combination or the Companys liquidation, the Company will pay an affiliate of the Sponsor a monthly fee of $10,000 for office space, utilities and administrative support. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred $30,000 and $60,000 in fees for these services, respectively, of which $41,137 is included in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the accompanying condensed balance sheet at September 30, 2017.
Related Party Loans
In order to finance transaction costs in connection with a Business Combination, the Sponsor, the Companys officers and directors may, but are not obligated to, loan the Company funds from time to time or at any time, as may be required (Working Capital Loans). Each Working Capital Loan would be evidenced by a promissory note. The Working Capital Loans would either be paid upon consummation of a Business Combination, without interest, or, at the holders discretion, up to $1,500,000 of the Working Capital Loans may be converted into Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit. The Units would be identical to the Placement Units. There were no Working Capital Loans outstanding as of September 30, 2017.
NOTE 6COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Registration Rights
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement entered into on April 6, 2017, the holders of the Founder Shares, Placement Units (and their underlying securities), Representative Shares, the underlying securities in the unit purchase option, and any Units that may be issued upon conversion of the Working Capital Loans (and their underlying securities) are entitled to registration rights. The holders of a majority of these securities are entitled to make up to three demands, excluding short form demands, that the Company register such securities. In addition, the holders have certain piggy-back registration rights with respect to registration statements filed subsequent to the completion of a Business Combination and rights to require the Company to register for resale such securities pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act. However, the registration rights agreement provides that the Company will not permit any registration statement filed under the Securities Act to become effective until termination of the applicable lock-up period. The Company will bear the expenses incurred in connection with the filing of any such registration statements.
Underwriters Agreement
The Company granted the underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 2,250,000 additional Units to cover over-allotments at the Proposed Offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. On April 18, 2017, the underwriters elected to exercise their over-allotment option in full to purchase 2,250,000 Units at a purchase price of $10.00 per Unit.
The underwriters were paid a cash underwriting discount of two percent (2.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Initial Public Offering, or $3,450,000.
At the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Company issued the underwriter and its designees 150,000 Representative Shares for no additional consideration. In addition, on April 18, 2017, as a result of the
F-29
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
underwriters election to exercise their over-allotment option in full, the Company issued an additional 22,500 Representative Shares to the underwriters for no additional consideration. The Company accounted for the Representative Shares as an expense of the Initial Public Offering, resulting in a charge directly to stockholders equity. The Company determined the fair value of Representative Shares to be $1,725,000 based upon the offering price of the Units of $10.00 per Unit. The underwriter has agreed not to transfer, assign or sell any such shares until the completion of a Business Combination. In addition, the underwriter and its designees have agreed (i) to waive their redemption rights with respect to such shares in connection with the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) to waive their rights to liquidating distributions from the Trust Account with respect to such shares if the Company fails to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period.
The shares have been deemed compensation by FINRA and are therefore subject to a lock-up for a period of 180 days pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of FINRAs NASD Conduct Rules. Pursuant to FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1), these securities will not be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put or call transaction that would result in the economic disposition of the securities by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of the Initial Public Offering, nor may they be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a period of 180 days immediately following the Initial Public Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Proposed Offering and their bona fide officers or partners.
Business Combination Marketing Agreement
The Company has engaged EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. (EBC) as an advisor in connection with a Business Combination to assist the Company in holding meetings with its shareholders to discuss a potential Business Combination and the target business attributes, introduce the Company to potential investors that are interested in purchasing securities, assist the Company in obtaining shareholder approval for the Business Combination and assist the Company with its press releases and public filings in connection with a Business Combination. The Company will pay EBC a cash fee for such services upon the consummation of a Business Combination in an amount equal to $6,037,500 (exclusive of any applicable finders fees which might become payable). The Company will have the right to pay up to 25% of such amount to EBC in shares of restricted stock (valued at $10.10 per share) or to another FINRA member firm retained by the Company to assist the Company in connection with a Business Combination.
Unit Purchase Option
On April 6, 2017, the Company sold to the underwriter (and/or its designees), for $100, an option to purchase up to 1,125,000 Units exercisable at $10.00 per Unit (or an aggregate exercise price of $11,250,000) commencing on the later of the first anniversary of the effective date of the registration statement related to the Initial Public Offering and the consummation of a Business Combination. The unit purchase option may be exercised for cash or on a cashless basis, at the holders option, and expires five years from the effective date of the registration statement related to the Initial Public Offering. The Units issuable upon exercise of this option are identical to those offered in the Initial Public Offering. The Company accounted for the unit purchase option, inclusive of the receipt of $100 cash payment, as an expense of the Initial Public Offering resulting in a charge directly to stockholders equity. The Company estimated the fair value of this unit purchase option to be approximately $3,782,546 (or $3.36 per Unit) using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of the unit purchase option granted to the underwriters was estimated as of the date of grant using the following assumptions: (1) expected volatility of 35%, (2) risk-free interest rate of 1.81% and (3) expected life of five years. The option and such units purchased pursuant to the option, as well as the common stock underlying such units, the rights included in such units, the common stock that is issuable for the rights included in such units, the warrants included in such units, and the shares underlying such warrants, have been deemed compensation by
F-30
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
FINRA and are therefore subject to a 180-day lock-up pursuant to Rule 5110(g)(1) of FINRAs NASDAQ Conduct Rules. Additionally, the option may not be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated for a one-year period (including the foregoing 180-day period) following the date of Initial Public Offering except to any underwriter and selected dealer participating in the Initial Public Offering and their bona fide officers or partners. The option grants to holders demand and piggy back rights for periods of five and seven years, respectively, from the effective date of the registration statement with respect to the registration under the Securities Act of the securities directly and indirectly issuable upon exercise of the option. The Company will bear all fees and expenses attendant to registering the securities, other than underwriting commissions which will be paid for by the holders themselves. The exercise price and number of units issuable upon exercise of the option may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or the Companys recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the option will not be adjusted for issuances of ordinary shares at a price below its exercise price.
NOTE 7STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY
Preferred Stock The Company is authorized to issue 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share with such designation, rights and preferences as may be determined from time to time by the Companys Board of Directors. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were no shares of preferred stock issued or outstanding.
Class A Common Stock The Company is authorized to issue 40,000,000 shares of Class A common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the Companys Class A common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were 1,269,097 and -0- shares of Class A common stock issued and outstanding, respectively (excluding 16,775,903 and -0- shares of common stock subject to possible redemption).
Class F Common Stock The Company is authorized to issue 5,000,000 shares of Class F common stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share. Holders of the Companys Class F common stock are entitled to one vote for each share. At September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, there were 4,312,500 shares of Class F common stock issued and outstanding.
The shares of Class F common stock will automatically convert into shares of Class A common stock at the time of a Business Combination on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment as follows. In the case that additional shares of Class A common stock, or equity-linked securities, are issued or deemed issued in excess of the amounts offered in the Initial Public Offering in connection with the closing of a Business Combination, the ratio at which shares of Class F common stock shall convert into shares of Class A common stock will be adjusted so that the number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon conversion of all shares of Class F common stock will equal, in the aggregate, on an as-converted basis, 20% of the total number of all shares of common stock outstanding upon completion of the Initial Public Offering plus all shares of Class A common stock and equity-linked securities issued or deemed issued in connection with a Business Combination, excluding any shares or equity-linked securities issued, or to be issued, to any seller in a Business Combination or pursuant to Units (and their underlying securities) issued to the Sponsor upon conversion of Working Capital Loans, after taking into account any shares of Class A common stock redeemed in connection with a Business Combination.
Holders of Class A common stock and Class F common stock will vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to a vote of stockholders except as required by law.
Rights Each holder of a right will receive one-tenth (1/10) of one share of common stock upon consummation of a Business Combination, even if the holder of such right redeemed all shares held by it in
F-31
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
connection with a Business Combination. No fractional shares will be issued upon exchange of the rights. No additional consideration will be required to be paid by a holder of rights in order to receive its additional shares upon consummation of a Business Combination as the consideration related thereto has been included in the Unit purchase price paid for by investors in the Initial Public Offering. If the Company enters into a definitive agreement for a Business Combination in which the Company will not be the surviving entity, the definitive agreement will provide for the holders of rights to receive the same per share consideration the holders of the common stock will receive in the transaction on an as-converted into common stock basis and each holder of a right will be required to affirmatively covert its rights in order to receive 1/10 share underlying each right (without paying additional consideration). The shares issuable upon exchange of the rights will be freely tradable (except to the extent held by affiliates of the Company).
If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of rights will not receive any of such funds with respect to their rights, nor will they receive any distribution from the Companys assets held outside of the Trust Account with respect to such rights, and the rights will expire worthless. Further, there are no contractual penalties for failure to deliver securities to the holders of the rights upon consummation of a Business Combination. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the rights. Accordingly, the rights may expire worthless.
Warrants Public Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Public Warrants will become exercisable on the later of (a) 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination or (b) 12 months from the closing of the Initial Public Offering; provided in each case that the Company has an effective registration statement under the Securities Act covering the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants and a current prospectus relating to them is available. The Company has agreed that as soon as practicable, but in no event later than 20 business days after the closing of a Business Combination, the Company will use its best efforts to file with the SEC a registration statement for the registration, under the Securities Act, of the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants. The Company will use its best efforts to cause the same to become effective and to maintain the effectiveness of such registration statement, and a current prospectus relating thereto, until the expiration of the Public Warrants in accordance with the provisions of the warrant agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a registration statement covering the shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the Public Warrants is not effective within a specified period following the consummation of Business Combination, warrant holders may, until such time as there is an effective registration statement and during any period when the Company shall have failed to maintain an effective registration statement, exercise warrants on a cashless basis pursuant to the exemption provided by Section 3(a)(9) of the Securities Act, provided that such exemption is available. If that exemption, or another exemption, is not available, holders will not be able to exercise their warrants on a cashless basis. The Public Warrants will expire five years after the completion of a Business Combination or earlier upon redemption or liquidation.
The Private Warrants will be identical to the Public Warrants underlying the Units being sold in the Initial Public Offering, except that the Private Warrants and the Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of the Private Warrants will not be transferable, assignable or salable until 30 days after the completion of a Business Combination, subject to certain limited exceptions. Additionally, the Placement Warrants will be exercisable on a cashless basis and be non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.
F-32
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
The Company may redeem the Public Warrants (except with respect to the Placement Warrants):
| in whole and not in part; |
| at a price of $0.01 per warrant; |
| at any time during the exercise period; |
| upon a minimum of 30 days prior written notice of redemption; and |
| if, and only if, the last sale price of the Companys Class A common stock equals or exceeds $18.00 per share for any 20 trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company sends the notice of redemption to the warrant holders. |
| If, and only if, there is a current registration statement in effect with respect to the shares of Class A common stock underlying such warrants. |
If the Company calls the Public Warrants for redemption, management will have the option to require all holders that wish to exercise the Public Warrants to do so on a cashless basis, as described in the warrant agreement.
The exercise price and number of shares of Class A common stock issuable upon exercise of the warrants may be adjusted in certain circumstances including in the event of a stock dividend, or recapitalization, reorganization, merger or consolidation. However, the warrants will not be adjusted for issuance of Class A common stock at a price below its exercise price. Additionally, in no event will the Company be required to net cash settle the warrants. If the Company is unable to complete a Business Combination within the Combination Period and the Company liquidates the funds held in the Trust Account, holders of warrants will not receive any of such funds with respect to their warrants, nor will they receive any distribution from the Companys assets held outside of the Trust Account with the respect to such warrants. Accordingly, the warrants may expire worthless.
NOTE 8FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period, and non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.
The fair value of the Companys financial assets and liabilities reflects managements estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used in order to value the assets and liabilities:
Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. An active market for an asset or liability is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.
F-33
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS(Continued)
SEPTEMBER 30, 2017
(Unaudited)
Level 2: Observable inputs other than Level 1 inputs. Examples of Level 2 inputs include quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities and quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.
Level 3: Unobservable inputs based on our assessment of the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.
The following table presents information about the Companys assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation inputs the Company utilized to determine such fair value:
Description |
Level |
September 30,
2017 |
December 31,
2016 |
|||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||
Cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account |
1 | $ | 174,964,734 | $ | |
NOTE 9SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
The Company evaluates subsequent events and transactions that occur after the balance sheet date up to the date that the financial statements were issued. Based upon this review, the Company did not identify any subsequent events that would have required adjustment or disclosure in the financial statements.
F-34
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors
C1 Investment Corp. and Subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of C1 Investment Corp. and Subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the related consolidated statements of income, stockholders equity (deficit) and cash flows for the years then ended. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of C1 Investment Corp. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
/s/ RSM US LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
March 27, 2017
F-35
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share data)
As of
December 31, |
As of
September 30, 2017 |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Current Assets |
||||||||||||
Cash |
$ | 15,307 | $ | 9,632 | $ | 7,683 | ||||||
Trade accounts receivables, less allowances |
175,822 | 180,160 | 235,541 | |||||||||
Inventories |
11,347 | 12,127 | 23,101 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses |
2,576 | 3,373 | 9,851 | |||||||||
Deferred customer support contract costs |
18,676 | 19,779 | 23,044 | |||||||||
Prepaid income tax |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,660 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current assets |
223,728 | 225,071 | 301,880 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Other Assets |
||||||||||||
Goodwill |
244,351 | 258,570 | 308,893 | |||||||||
Finite-life intangibles, net |
169,642 | 134,620 | 148,955 | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
12,143 | 15,355 | 41,830 | |||||||||
Deferred customer support contract costs, noncurrent |
1,224 | 805 | 800 | |||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
| 1,839 | 2,618 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total other assets |
427,360 | 411,189 | 503,096 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total assets |
$ | 651,088 | $ | 636,260 | $ | 804,976 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity (Deficit) | ||||||||||||
Current Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Current maturities of term debt |
$ | 2,404 | $ | 3,324 | $ | 5,050 | ||||||
Accounts payable |
106,522 | 95,824 | 142,007 | |||||||||
Customer deposits |
13,224 | 14,144 | 19,316 | |||||||||
Accrued compensation |
23,957 | 23,382 | 17,281 | |||||||||
Accrued other |
8,348 | 11,101 | 17,107 | |||||||||
Income tax payable |
4,625 | 4,151 | | |||||||||
Deferred revenue |
39,080 | 41,876 | 49,525 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total current liabilities |
198,160 | 193,802 | 250,286 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Long-term Liabilities |
||||||||||||
Long-term debt, net of debt issuance costs and current maturities |
314,508 | 388,964 | 514,503 | |||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
41,754 | 37,841 | 33,850 | |||||||||
Long-term income tax payable |
1,331 | 1,567 | 1,846 | |||||||||
Deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities |
2,119 | 1,326 | 4,780 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total long-term liabilities |
359,712 | 429,698 | 554,979 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Commitments and Contingencies |
||||||||||||
Stockholders Equity (Deficit) |
||||||||||||
Class A common stock, $0.0001 par value; 106,000,000 shares authorized; 89,862,276 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and 2016; 89,766,294 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
9 | 9 | 9 | |||||||||
Class B convertible common stock, $0.0001 par value; 16,000,000 nonvoting shares authorized; 14,701,748 nonvoting shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2015 and 2016; 14,830,683 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
Subscription receivable from related party |
| | (1,805) | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
90,235 | 10,367 | 12,693 | |||||||||
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit) |
2,971 | 2,383 | (11,187 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total stockholders equity (deficit) |
93,216 | 12,760 | (289 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity (deficit) |
$ | 651,088 | $ | 636,260 | $ | 804,976 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-36
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | ||||||||
Services |
303,983 | 375,805 | 271,842 | 304,499 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenue |
601,464 | 815,609 | 605,081 | 619,700 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cost of revenue |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
220,377 | 333,082 | 254,532 | 245,732 | ||||||||||||
Services |
187,641 | 233,283 | 170,274 | 191,965 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total cost of revenue |
408,018 | 566,365 | 424,806 | 437,697 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||||||||||
Technology offerings |
77,104 | 106,722 | 78,707 | 69,469 | ||||||||||||
Services |
116,342 | 142,522 | 101,568 | 112,534 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
193,446 | 249,244 | 180,275 | 182,003 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
96,578 | 128,733 | 93,998 | 93,904 | ||||||||||||
General and administrative |
36,955 | 40,262 | 30,081 | 36,989 | ||||||||||||
Transaction costs |
5,678 | 6,055 | 5,137 | 5,955 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
23,520 | 27,692 | 20,697 | 23,112 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total operating expenses |
162,731 | 202,742 | 149,913 | 159,960 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Operating income |
30,715 | 46,502 | 30,362 | 22,043 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other (income) expense |
||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
(26 | ) | (11 | ) | (6 | ) | (51 | ) | ||||||||
Interest expense |
23,072 | 31,438 | 18,829 | 41,553 | ||||||||||||
Other expense, net |
72 | 10 | 1 | 49 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Interest expense and other, net |
23,118 | 31,437 | 18,824 | 41,551 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income (loss) before income taxes |
7,597 | 15,065 | 11,538 | (19,508) | ||||||||||||
Income tax expense (benefit) |
3,574 | 6,716 | 5,352 | (6,323 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders, basic and diluted |
$ | 0.04 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.07 | $ | (0.15 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash dividends per share of Class A common stock |
$ | | $ | 1.00 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-37
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(in thousands, except share data)
Class A
Common Stock |
Class B
Common Stock |
Subscription
Receivable |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings (Accumulated Deficit) |
Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares | Amount | Shares | Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2014 |
89,883,258 | $ | 9 | 13,142,461 | $ | 1 | | $ | 90,007 | $ | (1,052 | ) | $ | 88,965 | ||||||||||||||||||
Common shares issued upon exercise of options |
| | 1,961,124 | | | 20 | | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of shares |
(20,982 | ) | | (401,837 | ) | | | (25 | ) | | (25 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
| | | | | 233 | | 233 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | | | 4,023 | 4,023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2015 |
89,862,276 | $ | 9 | 14,701,748 | $ | 1 | | 90,235 | $ | 2,971 | $ | 93,216 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
| | | |
|
|
|
1,057 | | 1,057 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends paid |
| | | | | (80,925 | ) | (8,937 | ) | (89,862 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | | | | 8,349 | 8,349 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2016 |
89,862,276 | $ | 9 | 14,701,748 | $ | 1 | | $ | 10,367 | $ | 2,383 | $ | 12,760 | |||||||||||||||||||
Common shares issued upon exercise of options |
| | 530,772 | | (1,805) | 1,805 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of shares |
(95,982 | ) | | (401,837 | ) | | | (385 | ) | (385 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
| | | | | 521 | | 521 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | | | | (13,185 | ) | (13,185 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
89,766,294 | $ | 9 | 14,830,683 | $ | 1 | $ | (1,805) | $ | 12,693 | $ | (11,187 | ) | $ | (289) | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-38
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |
||||||||||||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment in operating expenses |
3,273 | 5,236 | 3,871 | 5,221 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation of property and equipment in cost of revenue |
338 | 878 | 436 | 1,112 | ||||||||||||
Amortization of finite-life intangibles |
20,247 | 22,456 | 16,826 | 17,891 | ||||||||||||
Loss on disposals of property and equipment |
97 | 11 | 16 | 49 | ||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes |
(2,917 | ) | (4,065 | ) | (4,109 | ) | (3,991 | ) | ||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
2,028 | 2,412 | 1,594 | 2,205 | ||||||||||||
Loss on extinguishment of debt |
| 2,747 | | 13,638 | ||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation expense |
233 | 1,057 | 883 | 521 | ||||||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities, net of business acquisitions in 2015 and 2017: |
||||||||||||||||
Trade accounts receivable |
(32,145 | ) | (5,530 | ) | 2,523 | (5,684 | ) | |||||||||
Inventories |
(3,665 | ) | (780 | ) | (2,244 | ) | 4,475 | |||||||||
Prepaid expenses and deferred customer support contract costs |
(7,652 | ) | (1,490 | ) |
|
3,351
|
|
8,739 | ||||||||
Income tax receivable |
4,419 | 17 | 18 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
12,928 | (11,112 | ) | (19,921 | ) | (22,028 | ) | |||||||||
Customer deposits |
(2,384 | ) | 920 | 2,256 | (2,522 | ) | ||||||||||
Income tax payable |
5,301 | (257 | ) | 2,090 | (6,618 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred revenue and other long-term liabilities |
10,346 | 2,007 | (3,378 | ) | (6,479 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |
14,470 | 22,856 | 10,398 | (6,654 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
||||||||||||||||
Purchases of property and equipment |
(5,476 | ) | (9,272 | ) | (6,605 | ) | (7,251 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired |
(67,047 | ) | 247 | 247 | (97,543 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(72,523 | ) | (9,025 | ) | (6,358 | ) | (104,794 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from term notes, less discount |
49,750 | 88,650 | | 510,138 | ||||||||||||
Dividends paid |
| (89,862 | ) | | | |||||||||||
Proceeds from revolving credit agreement |
20,000 | 42,000 | 43,000 | 84,000 | ||||||||||||
Repayment of revolving credit agreement |
(10,000 | ) | (52,000 | ) | (53,000 | ) | (58,000 | ) | ||||||||
Repurchase of common stock |
(25 | ) | | | (385 | ) | ||||||||||
Payment of deferred financing costs |
(1,168 | ) | (3,966 | ) | | (6,513 | ) | |||||||||
Payment of extinguishment charges |
| (1,470 | ) | | (3,353 | ) | ||||||||||
Deferred offering costs |
| (224 | ) | | (1,175 | ) | ||||||||||
Payment on long-term debt |
(2,279 | ) | (2,634 | ) | (1,803 | ) | (415,213 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds received from stock option exercises |
20 | | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
56,298 | (19,506 | ) | (11,803 | ) | 109,499 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net decrease in cash |
(1,755 | ) | (5,675 | ) | (7,763 | ) | (1,949 | ) | ||||||||
Cash |
||||||||||||||||
Beginning |
17,062 | 15,307 | 15,307 | 9,632 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Ending |
$ | 15,307 | 9,632 | $ | 7,544 | $ | 7,683 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information |
||||||||||||||||
Cash payments for interest |
$ | 20,870 | $ | 27,650 | $ | 11,450 | $ | 27,712 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Cash payments for income taxes |
$ | 2,812 | $ | 11,021 | $ | 5,796 | $ | 4,272 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Supplemental disclosures of noncash investing and financing activities |
||||||||||||||||
Deferred offering costs in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | | $ | 1,615 | $ | | $ | 1,219 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Deferred financing costs in accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | | $ | 363 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Property and equipment purchases financed with accounts payable |
$ | 170 | $ | 235 | $ | 121 | $ | 163 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Contingent consideration for business acquisition |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 4,000 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
F-39
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
1. Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Description of the Company
C1 Investment Corp. and its wholly owned subsidiary, C1 Intermediate Corp., are Delaware corporations that were incorporated to complete the 2014 acquisition of ConvergeOne Holdings Corp. (Holdings) and its consolidated subsidiaries by Clearlake Capital Group, L.P. (Clearlake).
Nature of Business
The Company is a leading IT services provider of collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises. The Company serves clients through its comprehensive engagement model which includes the full lifecycle of services from consultation through implementation, optimization, and ongoing support services. The Company provides innovative and sophisticated services, including professional and managed, cloud and maintenance services, and complex multi-vendor technology offerings to its clients. The Companys core technology markets are (1) collaboration and (2) enterprise networking, data center, cloud, and security.
Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) and include the accounts of the parent company, C1 Investment Corp., and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidation.
Holdings is the parent company of ConvergeOne, Inc. (ConvergeOne), formerly North American Communications Resource, Inc. (NACR), ConvergeOne Solutions, Inc. (Solutions), Spanlink Communications, Inc. (Spanlink), S1 IT Solutions, Inc. (S1), ConvergeOne Technology Consulting, Inc. (CTCI), Sunturn, Inc. (Sunturn), MSN Communications, Inc. (MSN), SIGMAnet, Inc. (SIGMAnet), Annese & Associates, Inc. (Annese), SPS Holdco, LLC (SPS), and RGTS, Inc. (RGTS). On September 30, 2014, Holdings acquired all issued and outstanding stock of Spanlink. On May 16, 2015, Solutions was formed as a wholly owned subsidiary of Holdings. On May 19, 2015, NACR acquired all issued and outstanding stock of Sunturn, and Solutions acquired all issued and outstanding stock of MSN. On December 4, 2015, Solutions acquired all issued and outstanding stock of SIGMAnet. On July 14, 2017, ConvergeOne acquired all issued and outstanding stock of SPS. On September 15, 2017, ConvergeOne acquired all issued and outstanding stock of Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc., which was parent company of seven separate legal entities. These business acquisitions are described in Note 2Business Acquisitions.
Immediately following the acquisition of Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc., the name of the Company was legally changed to RGTS, Inc., and the separate legal entities were merged into one of two surviving companies, either RGTS, the parent company, or RGT Utilities, Inc.
On December 31, 2015, the Company executed a series of mergers designed to simplify its legal structure. Sunturn was merged into NACR; S1, CTCI, and Spanlink were merged into Solutions; and Solutions was merged into NACR. On January 1, 2016, NACRs name was legally changed to ConvergeOne, Inc. SIGMAnet was merged into ConvergeOne, Inc. on March 31, 2017.
References to the Company, we, us, our, and similar words refer to C1 Investment Corp. and all of the consolidated subsidiaries, unless specifically noted otherwise.
Unaudited Interim Financial Information
The accompanying interim consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2017, the consolidated statements of income and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017, the consolidated
F-40
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
statement of stockholders equity (deficit) for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, and the related footnote disclosures, or collectively, the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, are unaudited. The
unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a basis consistent with the annual consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments necessary to present fairly its consolidated financial position as of September 30, 2017 and its results of operations and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017. The results for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 are not necessarily indicative of the results expected for the full fiscal year or any other period.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of the Companys consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Estimates are used when accounting for items and matters including, but not limited to, revenue recognition, the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations, evaluation of goodwill and long-lived assets for impairment, stock-based compensation, partner funding, income tax measurement, and provisions for doubtful accounts.
Significant Accounting Policies
A summary of the Companys significant accounting policies follows:
Revenue Recognition
Products, installation and maintenance services are typically sold as a bundled arrangement containing multiple deliverables of new and/or refurbished hardware, software and professional services associated with installing, maintaining and managing the business communications systems. Revenue from multiple-element arrangements is allocated to the various elements based on the relative selling price of the elements, and each element is considered a separate accounting unit, with recognition of revenue based on the criteria met for the individual element of the multiple-element arrangement. When available, the Company uses vendor-specific objective evidence, or VSOE, to determine the selling price of a unit of accounting. If VSOE does not exist, the Company uses third-party evidence of the selling price for similar products and services. For units of accounting in which there is no VSOE or third-party evidence of selling price, the best estimate of selling price is used. The Company determines best estimate of selling price using a cost plus margin approach.
Technology Offerings Revenue
Revenue for hardware and software: The Company sells communication products, which consist of hardware and essential software. The software and hardware are necessary to deliver the essential functionality of the communication products. Revenue from the sale of hardware and software products is generally recognized on a gross basis with the sales price to the customer recorded as revenue and the acquisition cost of the product recorded as cost of revenue, net of certain partner funding. Revenue is recognized when the title and risk of loss are passed to the customer, there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement for sale, the sales price is fixed and determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured. Hardware and software items can be delivered to customers in a variety of ways including as physical products shipped from our warehouses, via drop-shipment by the vendor or distributor or via electronic delivery for software licenses.
The Company maintains an estimate for sales returns and credit losses based on historical experience. The Companys vendor partners provide limited warranties to our customers on equipment sold.
F-41
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Sales Taxes. The Company records sales and use taxes collected from customers for remittance to governmental authorities on a net basis within the Companys consolidated statements of income.
Shipping and Freight. Shipping and freight costs billed to customers are recognized within revenue with the related shipping and freight costs incurred by the Company recorded as a cost of revenue.
Services Revenue
Revenue for Professional Services. Revenue from professional services, which includes the design, configuration, installation and integration of business communication and data systems, is recognized as the services are performed or as all obligations have been substantially met.
Revenue for Managed, Cloud and Maintenance Services . Revenue for managed services, which are for agreements of one year or greater for more than one service offering, is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the arrangement, which is consistent with the timing of services rendered. Payments received and billings in advance for these services are initially recorded as deferred revenue and recognized over the period services are provided. The Company incurs external costs associated with professional and managed services, primarily related to purchasing maintenance support contracts with third party manufacturers and software licenses, which are generally prepaid. These costs, associated with maintenance contracts where we have an obligation to perform services, are incurred specifically to assist the Company in rendering services to its customers and are recorded as deferred customer support contract costs at the time the costs are incurred. The costs are amortized to expense as a cost of revenueservices on a straight-line basis over the period during which the Company fulfills its performance obligation.
The Company considers the principal versus agent accounting guidance to determine if the Company is the primary obligor in the arrangement and if revenue should be recognized gross or net of the associated costs. Applying the principal versus agent accounting guidance is a matter of judgment based on consideration of several factors and indicators.
Revenue from the sale of third-party retail maintenance contracts is recognized net of the related cost of revenue. In third-party retail maintenance contracts, all services are provided by third-party providers and, as a result, the Company concluded that it is acting as an agent and is not considered the primary obligor. As the Company is under no obligation to perform additional services, revenue is recognized net at the time of sale.
Revenue from the sale of third-party wholesale maintenance contracts is recognized on a gross basis at the time of sale with the selling price to the customer recorded as revenue and the acquisition cost recorded as cost of revenue. Based upon the evaluation of indicators for net and gross reporting, the Company has concluded that it is acting as a principal in these contracts.
Cash
The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit and money market accounts that, at times, may exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts. The Companys cash management program utilizes zero balance accounts and overnight money market investments. The Company does not have any compensating balance requirements.
Trade Accounts Receivable
Accounts receivable are carried at the original invoice amount less an estimate made for doubtful receivables. Management determines the allowances by regularly evaluating individual customer receivables and considering a customers financial condition and credit history. Accounts receivable are written off when deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received.
F-42
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Inventories
Inventories, consisting primarily of communication products, are valued at the lower of cost, determined by the specific-identification method and average cost, or market. The Company evaluates inventories for excess, aging, obsolescence or other factors that affect net realizable value. Write-downs have historically not been material for any of the periods presented.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using straight-line and accelerated methods over estimated useful lives of five to 10 years for furniture, fixtures and equipment, and three years for software. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset or the lease term.
Depreciation of certain equipment and software directly utilized in support of cloud and managed services contracts is included in cost of service revenue within the Companys consolidated statements of operations. All other depreciation and amortization are recorded in depreciation and amortization within operating expenses in the Companys consolidated statements of operations.
Finite-life Intangible Assets
Finite-life intangible assets include customer relationships, trademarks, noncompetition agreements, and internally developed software. These intangible assets are amortized over the estimated period during which the asset is expected to contribute directly or indirectly to future cash flows.
Impairment of Long-lived Assets
The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or circumstances exist that indicate the carrying amount of an asset or asset group may not be recoverable. The recoverability of long-lived assets is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of the asset or asset group to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by that asset group. If the asset or asset group is considered to be impaired, an impairment loss would be recorded to adjust the carrying amounts to the estimated fair value. Management has determined that no impairment of long-lived assets exists, and accordingly, no adjustments to the carrying amounts of the Companys long-lived assets have been made for the periods presented.
Goodwill
The Company records goodwill when the purchase price of a business acquisition exceeds the fair value of net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in a business acquisition. Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually, or more frequently when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the fair value of a reporting unit has more likely than not declined below its carrying value. The Company has determined that it operates its business in one operating segment and one reporting unit and has selected October 1 as the date to perform its annual impairment test.
The Company performs either a qualitative or quantitative assessment to determine if the fair value of its reporting unit exceeds its carrying value. The qualitative goodwill impairment assessment requires evaluating factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. As part of our goodwill qualitative assessment process, we evaluate various factors that are specific to the reporting unit that include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations and the overall financial performance of the Company.
When performing the quantitative assessment to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit, we consider both comparative market multiples as well as estimated discounted cash flows for the reporting unit. The significant
F-43
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
estimates and assumptions include, but are not limited to, revenue growth rates, operating margins, and future economic and market conditions. The discount rates are based upon the reporting units weighted-average cost of capital. If an impairment is identified, the second step is to measure the impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying value of the goodwill for the reporting unit.
The Company performed its annual test in 2016 using a qualitative assessment and determined that it was not more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit was less than its carrying amount. Therefore, the Company did not complete a quantitative analysis and concluded that there was no goodwill impairment during any of the periods presented. The Company believes the qualitative factors considered in the impairment analysis are reasonable, however, significant changes in any one of its assumptions could produce a different result and result in impairment charges that could be material to its consolidated financial statements.
Debt Issuance Costs
Debt issuance costs arising from the Companys borrowings and credit agreements are amortized using the effective interest rate method over the term of the related debt financing. See Note 6Debt. Debt issuance costs are presented on a net basis along with the associated debt obligation in the consolidated balance sheets.
Defer r ed Offe r ing C o sts
The Company capitalizes certain legal, accounting and other third-party fees that are directly associated with in-process equity financings as other assets until such financings are consummated. After consummation of the equity financing, these costs are recorded in stockholders equity as a reduction of additional paid-in capital. Should the equity financing not be consummated, the deferred offering costs would be expensed as a charge to operating expenses in the statement of income. As of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), the Company had recorded $1.8 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of deferred offering costs in connection with an equity financing process. No deferred offering costs were recorded as of December 31, 2015.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are provided using an asset and liability method. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed for differences between the financial statement and tax basis of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are adjusted for the effects of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. Managements estimate of the income tax rates utilized in the calculation of the deferred income tax balances is based on historical taxable income of the Company, expected future taxable income and corresponding rates.
The Companys operations involve dealing with uncertainties and judgments in the application of complex tax regulations in a multitude of jurisdictions. The Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in a tax return based on its estimate of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. See Note 15Income Taxes for further information pertaining to income taxes.
Transaction Costs
The Company presents transaction costs as a separate line item within operating expenses based on it being a material cost that varies from period to period. Transaction costs include acquisition-related expenses, including integration costs, employee retention bonuses, severance charges, advisory and due diligence fees, and transaction-related legal and accounting due diligence costs.
F-44
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Advertising Costs
The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), advertising costs were $1,312,000, $1,903,000, $1,384,000 and $1,219,000, respectively. These amounts were offset by partner funding earned pursuant to shared marketing expense programs recorded as a reduction of selling and administrative expenses.
Product Warranty
The Company provides limited warranties for replacement of defective products for customers who purchase certain types of maintenance support. The Company has not incurred any significant costs associated with these warranties.
Contingencies
From time to time, the Company may be involved in legal matters such as contractual disputes, employment matters, personal injury or property damage claims. While the outcome of such litigation is never certain, management believes the outcomes will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Stock-based Compensation
The Company measures and recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based awards made to employees, consultants and directors based on the fair value of the awards as of the date they were each granted and the corresponding expense is recognized over the requisite service period of the awards, both for stock options and restricted stock grants. The Company measures and recognizes stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based awards to non-employees based on the fair value of the award, which is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until vested, and the corresponding expense is recognized over the requisite service period.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to determine the fair value of stock-based awards. The model utilizes the value of the Companys common stock as well as assumptions regarding the awards expected life, risk-free interest rate, expected volatility of the underlying stock, and expected dividends. The specific assumptions the Company uses include the following:
Fair value of the Companys common stock . The fair value of the Companys common stock has historically been determined by management primarily using periodic valuation studies obtained from a third-party valuation firm. In performing its valuation analysis, the valuation firm uses information provided by management and a number of assumptions based on market and economic conditions.
Expected term . We estimate the expected term using the simplified method due to the lack of historical data regarding the expected life of the awards. The simplified method calculates the expected term as the mid-point between the vesting date and the contractual expiration date of the award.
Risk-free interest rate . We use interest rates based on U.S. Treasury yields in effect at the time of grant over the expected term of the award.
Expected volatility . We use the average of the historical volatility of public companies in industries similar to the Company.
Dividends . We do not expect to pay dividends in the foreseeable future.
F-45
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The Company uses judgment in evaluating the factors used in the Black-Scholes pricing model. As a result, if factors change, stock-based compensation expense could be significantly different in the future.
Stock-based compensation expense is classified as sales and marketing expense or general and administrative expense consistent with other compensation expense associated with the award recipient. The Company has not capitalized stock-based employee compensation cost or recognized any significant tax benefits related to these costs.
Partner Funding
The Company receives payments and credits from vendors for various programs, including rebates, volume incentive programs and shared marketing expense programs. Each program varies in length and has varying conditions or achievement targets that determine the amount of consideration the Company is eligible to receive. The Company estimates and recognizes the amount of vendor consideration earned when it is probable and reasonably estimable using the information available or historical data. The Company recognizes vendor consideration as a reduction of either cost of revenue for rebates and volume incentives or operating expenses for shared marketing expenses or marketing development fund programs based on the nature of the consideration earned.
Business Combinations
The Company accounts for business combinations and acquisitions using the acquisition method. The acquisition method requires that the total purchase price of the acquired entity be allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their fair values at the acquisition date. The assets acquired include the analysis and recognition of intangible assets such as customer relationships, trade names, developed technology and contractual rights and the liabilities assumed include contractual commitments and contingencies. Any premium paid over the fair value of the net assets and liabilities acquired is recorded as goodwill in connection with a business combination. The results of operations for an acquired entity are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition.
During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded measurement-period adjustments on a retrospective basis. Effective January 1, 2016, the Company began recording measurement-period adjustments in the period they are identified. See Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements below.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined under U.S. GAAP as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. U.S. GAAP also provides a fair value hierarchy for valuation inputs to prioritize the inputs into three levels based on the extent to which inputs used in measuring fair value are observable in the market. Each fair value measurement is reported in one of the three levels, which is determined by the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. These levels are:
Level 1: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2: Inputs are quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or inputs other than quoted prices that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for the asset or liability.
Level 3: Inputs are unobservable for the asset or liability and are supported by little or no market activity. These fair values are determined using pricing models for which the assumptions utilize managements estimates or market participant assumptions.
F-46
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
For those financial instruments with no quoted market prices available, fair value is estimated using present value calculations or other valuation methods, as well as managements best judgment with respect to current economic conditions, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows.
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
The Company did not have any components of other comprehensive income (loss) for any of the periods presented.
Net Income (Loss) Per Share
Basic net income (loss) per share is computed using the two class method, which includes the weighted-average number of shares of Class A common stock and participating Class B convertible common stock outstanding during the period. In applying the two-class method, net income (loss) is allocated to both participating classes of common stock based on their respective weighted-average shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock and dilutive potential shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Dilutive potential shares of common stock outstanding includes the dilutive effect of in-the-money service-only condition stock options. The dilutive effect of such equity-classified awards is calculated based on the average share price for each period using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, the amount the employee must pay for exercising stock options and the amount of compensation cost for future service that the Company has not yet recognized are collectively assumed to be used to repurchase shares.
Reportable Segments
Segment information is required to be presented in accordance with a management approach, which is the approach used by a Companys chief operating decision-maker when reviewing operating segment information to make decisions, allocate resources and assess performance. An operating segment is defined as a component of the Company (1) that engages in business activities from which it may earn revenue and incur expense, (2) whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Companys chief operating decision maker to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance, and (3) for which discrete financial information is available. The Company has determined that it operates its business in one operating segmentsee Note 16Segment Reporting.
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
On January 1, 2016, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments , which had been issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) in September 2015. The ASU eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively. Instead, acquirers must recognize measurement-period adjustments during the period in which they determine the amounts, including the effect on net income (loss) of any amounts they would have recorded in previous periods if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. See Note 2Acquisitions for discussion of the impacts of this adoption.
On January 1, 2016, the Company adopted ASU 2015-03, InterestImputation of Interest (subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs , which had been issued by the FASB in April 2015. This new standard required that debt issuance costs be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of debt liability, consistent with debt discounts or premiums. The impact of this adoption included reclassification of the deferred financing costs (net of amortization) from other assets to a reduction in the associated debt account of $7,614,000 at December 31, 2015.
F-47
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
During 2016, the Company adopted ASU 2015-17, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes , which had been issued by the FASB in November 2015. The ASU requires entities to classify deferred tax liabilities and assets as noncurrent in a classified statement of financial position. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU 2015-17 retrospectively in the fourth quarter of 2016. Upon adoption, $1.7 million of deferred tax assets previously classified as a component of current assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 have been reclassified as a component of long-term deferred tax liabilities. The adoption of ASU 2015-17 did not have an impact on the Companys results of operations or cash flows.
On December 31, 2016, the Company adopted ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial StatementsGoing Concern (Subtopic 205-40): Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going Concern , which had been issued by the FASB in August 2014. The ASU sets forth guidance regarding managements responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an organizations ability to continue as a going concern and provide related footnote disclosures. This standard defines the term substantial doubt, requires management to perform an evaluation every reporting period and provides principles for considering the mitigating effects of managements plans. The Companys adoption of this guidance did not have any impact on the consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-03, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections (Topic 250) and Investments-Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Amendments to SEC Paragraphs Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the September 22, 2016 and November 17, 2016 EITF Meetings . This ASU amends the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC or the Codification) for SEC staff announcements made at recent Emerging Issues Task Force meetings and is effective immediately. The new guidance is intended to provide clarity in relation to the disclosure of the impact that ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-02 will have on our consolidated financial statements when adopted. Registrants are required to disclose the effect that recently issued accounting standards will have on their financial statements when adopted in a future period. In cases where a registrant cannot reasonably estimate the impact of the adoption, then additional qualitative disclosures should be considered. The ASU incorporates these SEC staff views into ASC 250 and adds references to that guidance in the transition paragraphs of ASU 2014-09 and ASU 2016-02, which are defined below. The Company believes its disclosures below regarding the impact of recently issued accounting standards to be adopted in a future period are aligned with the guidance in the ASU.
On January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory , which restricts the valuation of inventory to the lower of cost or net realizable value, which is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. The adoption of ASU 2015-11 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
On January 1, 2017, the Company adopted ASU 2016-09, CompensationStock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting , which provides areas for simplification in the accounting for share-based payment transactions. Areas included for simplification include, but are not limited to, accounting for income taxes, classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows, forfeitures and minimum statutory withholding. We elected to continue estimating forfeitures of share-based awards. The adoption of ASU 2016-09 did not have a material impact on the consolidated financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606) , which outlines a single, comprehensive model for accounting for revenue from contracts with customers, requiring an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. The updated standard will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S.
F-48
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
GAAP when it becomes effective and permits the use of either a full retrospective or retrospective with cumulative effect transition method. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date , which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09 by one year, making it effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018 and interim periods within that fiscal year, with early adoption permitted.
The FASB has issued the following additional ASUs to amend the guidance in ASU 2014-09, all of which have effective dates concurrent with the effective date of ASU 2014-09:
(1) | In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net) , which clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations within the new revenue recognition standard. |
(2) | In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing , which enhances the guidance around identifying performance obligations in customer contracts within the new revenue recognition standard. |
(3) | In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-scope Improvements and Practical Expedients , which provides additional guidance around certain areas of the new revenue recognition standard. These areas include, but are not limited to, assessing the collectability criterion, presentation of sales taxes and accounting for noncash consideration. |
(4) | In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers , which provides additional guidance around narrow areas of the new revenue recognition standard. These areas include, but are not limited to, contract costs and modifications and remaining performance obligations. |
The Company does not intend to early adopt the new revenue recognition guidance and therefore all of the ASUs noted above will be effective for us for the year ending December 31, 2019. The Company expects to begin evaluating the effect of the revenue recognition ASUs during the second quarter of 2018. The evaluation will include selecting a transition method for these revenue recognition ASUs and determining the effect that the updated standards will have on the historical and future consolidated financial statements.
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) , which changes the accounting for leases in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet and disclosing key information about leasing arrangements. The guidance in this ASU supersedes the leasing guidance in Topic 840, Leases . Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. The standard has an effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients available. The Company does not currently intend to early adopt the new leasing guidance and therefore ASU 2016-02 will be effective for us for the year ending December 31, 2020. The Company has not yet begun to evaluate the effect of the new guidance on the consolidated financial statements.
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Receipts and Cash Payments , to address diversity in practice regarding the presentation of eight specific cash flow situations. These situations include, but are not limited to, debt prepayment and debt extinguishment
F-49
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
costs and contingent consideration payments made after a business combination. The standard has an effective date for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business , to clarify the definition of a business and add guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The standard has an effective date for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements.
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, IntangiblesGoodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment , to simplify the subsequent measurement of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The guidance in this ASU requires an entity to perform its goodwill impairment test by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount. An impairment charge should be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting units fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill allocated to that reporting unit. The standard is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests conducted in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2021, with early adoption permitted after January 1, 2017. The new guidance should be applied prospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements and expects to early adopt ASU 2017-04 in 2017.
In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, CompensationStock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting , which clarifies that modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the changes in terms or conditions. ASU 2017-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those annual periods, with early adoption permitted. The amendments in this standard should be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the standard will have on the consolidated financial statements, but does not believe this update will have a significant impact.
Subsequent Events (Unaudited)
In preparing the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company evaluated subsequent events for recognition and measurement purposes through March 27, 2017, the date the independent auditors report was originally issued and the audited consolidated financial statements were available for issuance. After the original issuance of the consolidated financial statements and through February 1, 2018, we have evaluated subsequent events or transactions that have occurred that may require disclosure in the accompanying financial statements through the issue date of these consolidated financial statements.
On November 30, 2017, the Company signed an Agreement and Plan of Merger (Merger) with Forum Merger Corporation (Forum), whereby a subsidiary of Forum and the Company shall consummate a merger, pursuant to which the subsidiary shall be merged with and into the Company, following which the separate corporate existence of the subsidiary shall cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation. The closing of the Merger is subject to approval by the shareholders of Forum.
On December 15, 2017, the Company, through its subsidiary ConvergeOne, acquired all of the outstanding stock of AOS, Inc. (AOS) for cash consideration of $65,859,000. The purchase was financed with the proceeds from an incremental amendment to the Term Loan Agreement on October 25, 2017, discussed in Note 6, and a $30 million draw down on the senior secured revolving loan facility. The acquisition will be accounted for as a business combination with the purchase price allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions. Any premium paid over the fair value of the net tangible and identified
F-50
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
intangible assets acquired will result in goodwill. Due to the timing of the acquisition, the fair value of asset acquired and liabilities assumed has not yet been determined and therefore the acquisition accounting is not complete. The Company will include the preliminary purchase price allocation in the fourth quarter of 2017 and finalize the purchase price allocation as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but not later than one year following the acquisition date. The results of the acquisition will be included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the closing date forward.
The preliminary purchase price of the SPS acquisition was finalized in December 2017, reducing the purchase price by $8,000,000. On December 18, 2017, the full amount of the escrow of $8,000,000 was released to the Company.
2. Business Acquisitions
2017 Acquisitions
Annese & Associates, Inc.
On July 14, 2017, the Company, through its subsidiary ConvergeOne, acquired all of the outstanding stock of Annese & Associates, Inc. (Annese), for cash consideration of $26,034,000 plus additional consideration of up to $4,000,000 contingent upon the achievement of certain gross profit targets for the twelve months ending June 30, 2018. The Company incurred transaction costs of $423,000 related to the acquisition and included the amount in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited).
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions. The purchase accounting is preliminary and subject to completion, including certain fair value measurements, particularly the finalization of the valuation assessment of the acquired tangible and intangible assets. The adjustments arising from the completion of the outstanding matters may materially affect the preliminary purchase accounting. The purchase price allocation will be finalized as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but not later than one year following the acquisition date.
On the acquisition date, the Company recorded a $4,000,000 liability for the fair value of post-closing consideration that may be paid. Management estimated the fair value of the contingent consideration based upon the expected range of outcomes. Payment of the additional consideration, if any, is due during the third quarter of 2018. As of September 30, 2017, the fair value of contingent consideration of $4,000,000 was included in Accrued other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill of approximately $17,710,000. The premium paid is attributed to the Anneses presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized is deductible for
F-51
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
income tax purposes. Since the acquisition date of July 14, 2017, $18.7 million of revenue and $1.4 million of net income are included in consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited).
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Cash |
$ | 56 | ||
Trade accounts receivable |
10,849 | |||
Inventories |
5,197 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
2,445 | |||
Property and equipment |
960 | |||
Goodwill |
17,710 | |||
Customer relationships |
4,622 | |||
Trade names |
824 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
293 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
42,956 | |||
|
|
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(11,005 | ) | ||
Customer deposits |
(29 | ) | ||
Deferred revenue |
(1,888 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(12,922 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 30,034 | ||
|
|
As a result of the acquisitions, a portion of the consideration, approximately $2,776,000, was placed in an escrow account. The total escrow is included in the cash consideration paid in the table above. The funds in the escrow account are to secure the sellers and managements indemnification obligations in the purchase agreement. The funds held in escrow after settlement of indemnification claims of the buyer will be paid to the sellers at a future date.
As of the acquisition date, the preliminary fair value of accounts receivable, not expected to be collected, was approximately $260,000.
SPS Holdco, LLC
On August 15, 2017, the Company, through its subsidiary ConvergeOne, acquired all of the outstanding stock of SPS Holdco, LLC (SPS) for cash consideration of $59,126,000. The Company incurred transaction costs of $570,000 related to the acquisition and included the amount in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited).
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions. The purchase accounting is preliminary and subject to completion including certain fair value measurements, particularly the finalization of the valuation assessment of the acquired tangible and intangible assets. The adjustments arising from the completion of the outstanding matters may materially affect the preliminary purchase accounting. The purchase price allocation will be finalized as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but not later than one year following the acquisition date.
F-52
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill of approximately $23,428,000. The premium paid is attributed to the SPSs presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized will be deductible for income tax purposes. Since the acquisition date of August 15, 2017, $32.0 million of revenue and $1.8 million of net loss are included in consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited).
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Cash |
$ | 8,413 | ||
Trade accounts receivable |
36,968 | |||
Inventories |
10,232 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
7,912 | |||
Deferred customer support contract costs |
6,607 | |||
Property and equipment |
20,355 | |||
Goodwill |
23,428 | |||
Customer relationships |
17,247 | |||
Trade names |
3,317 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
1,327 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
135,806 | |||
|
|
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(53,321 | ) | ||
Customer deposits |
(7,665 | ) | ||
Deferred revenue |
(15,694 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(76,680 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 59,126 | ||
|
|
As a result of the acquisition, a portion of the consideration, approximately $8,000,000, was placed in an escrow account. The total escrow is included in cash consideration paid in the table above. The funds in the escrow account are to secure the sellers and managements indemnification obligations in the purchase agreement. The funds held in escrow after settlement of indemnification claims of the buyer will be paid to the sellers at a future date.
As of the acquisition date, the preliminary fair value of accounts receivable, not expected to be collected, was approximately $1,300,000.
Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc.
On September 15, 2017, the Company, through its subsidiary ConvergeOne, acquired all of the outstanding stock of Rockefeller Group Technology Solutions, Inc. (RGTS) for cash consideration of $20,852,000. The Company incurred transaction costs of $612,000 related to the acquisition and included the amount in general and administrative expense on the consolidated statements of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited).
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recognized based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and
F-53
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
operating performance, and consideration of market conditions. The purchase accounting is preliminary and subject to completion including certain fair value measurements, particularly the finalization of the valuation assessment of the acquired tangible and intangible assets. The adjustments arising from the completion of the outstanding matters may materially affect the preliminary purchase accounting. The purchase price allocation will be finalized as soon as practicable within the measurement period, but not later than one year following the acquisition date.
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill of approximately $9,185,000. The premium paid is attributed to the RGTSs presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized will be deductible for income tax purposes. The results of the acquisition are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date forward and have not been separately presented as they are not material.
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Trade accounts receivable |
$ | 1,880 | ||
Inventories |
20 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
1,513 | |||
Property and equipment |
4,363 | |||
Goodwill |
9,185 | |||
Customer relationships |
4,426 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
170 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
21,557 | |||
|
|
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(705 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(705 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 20,852 | ||
|
|
As a result of the acquisition, a portion of the consideration, approximately $2,200,000, was placed in an escrow account. The total escrow is included in cash consideration paid in the table above. The funds in the escrow account are to secure the sellers and managements indemnification obligations in the purchase agreement. The funds held in escrow after settlement of indemnification claims of the buyer will be paid to the sellers at a future date.
As of the acquisition date, the preliminary fair value of accounts receivable, not expected to be collected, was approximately $358,000.
F-54
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Unaudited Pro-Forma Information
Following are the supplemental consolidated results of the Company on an unaudited pro forma basis, as if the 2017 acquisitions had been consummated on January 1, 2016 for the year ended December 31, 2016 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016:
Year Ended December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||
2016 | 2016 | 2017 | ||||||||||
Revenue |
||||||||||||
C1 Investment Corp. |
$ | 815,609 | $ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||
SPS |
321,464 | 231,943 | 204,271 | |||||||||
All others |
100,100 | 75,853 | 76,410 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma C1 Investment Corp. Total Revenue |
$ | 1,237,173 | $ | 912,877 | $ | 900,381 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net income (loss) |
||||||||||||
C1 Investment Corp. |
$ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185 | ) | |||||
SPS |
1,119 | (1,686 | ) | (10,533 | ) | |||||||
All others |
(1,600 | ) | (791 | ) | (658 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Pro forma C1 Investment Corp. Net income (loss) |
$ | 7,868 | $ | 3,709 | $ | (24,376 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
These pro forma results were based on estimates and assumptions, which the Company believes are reasonable. They are not the results that would have been realized had the Company been a combined company during the periods presented and are not necessarily indicative of consolidated results of operations in future periods. The pro forma results include adjustments primarily related to purchase accounting adjustments.
2015 Acquisitions
Sunturn, Inc.
On May 19, 2015, the Company, through its subsidiary NACR, acquired all of the outstanding stock of Sunturn for cash consideration of $8,744,000. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. Accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions.
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill recorded of $2,813,000. The premium paid is attributed to Sunturns presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized is deductible for income tax purposes. The results of the acquisition are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date forward.
F-55
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Cash |
$ | 1,038 | ||
Trade accounts receivable |
5,899 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
144 | |||
Property and equipment |
312 | |||
Goodwill |
2,813 | |||
Customer relationships |
4,482 | |||
Trade names |
199 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
86 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
14,973 | |||
|
|
|||
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(5,429 | ) | ||
Customer deposits |
(800 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(6,229 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 8,744 | ||
|
|
During 2016, the Company settled the working capital adjustment provision of the purchase agreement with the sellers resulting in an increase in goodwill of $650,000, which was accounted for prospectively.
As of the acquisition date, the fair value of accounts receivable not expected to be collected was $95,000.
MSN Communications, Inc.
On May 19, 2015, the Company, through its subsidiary Solutions, acquired all of the outstanding stock of MSN for cash consideration of $18,817,000. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. Accordingly, the purchase price has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions.
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill recorded of $6,971,000. The premium paid is attributed to MSNs presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized is deductible for income tax purposes. The results of the acquisition are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date forward.
F-56
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Cash |
$ | 1,035 | ||
Trade accounts receivable |
17,459 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
191 | |||
Property and equipment |
700 | |||
Goodwill |
6,971 | |||
Customer relationships |
11,493 | |||
Trade names |
757 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
351 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
38,957 | |||
|
|
|||
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(17,818 | ) | ||
Customer deposits |
(2,322 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(20,140 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 18,817 | ||
|
|
During 2016, the Company settled the working capital adjustment provision of the purchase agreement with the sellers resulting in an increase in goodwill of $172,000, which was accounted for prospectively. In addition, the Company finalized the fair value determination of accounts payable and accrued expenses as of the acquisition date, which was accounted for prospectively. The final determination of accounts payable and accrued expenses resulted in a decrease in goodwill of $237,000.
As of the acquisition date, the fair value of accounts receivable not expected to be collected was approximately $805,000.
SIGMAnet, Inc.
On December 4, 2015, the Company, through its subsidiary Solutions, acquired all of the outstanding stock of SIGMAnet for cash consideration of $47,851,000. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination. Accordingly, the purchase price was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date as determined by the Companys management, using information currently available and current assumptions as to projections of future events and operating performance, and consideration of market conditions.
The Company paid a premium over the fair value of the net tangible and identified intangible assets acquired, resulting in goodwill recorded of $27,820,000. The premium paid is attributed to the SIGMAnets presence in the business communications industry and its growth potential. Goodwill recognized will be deductible for income tax purposes. The results of the acquisition are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income from the acquisition date forward.
F-57
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The following table summarizes the fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed (in thousands):
Assets Acquired: |
||||
Cash |
$ | 6,537 | ||
Trade accounts receivable |
27,206 | |||
Inventories |
1,055 | |||
Prepaid expenses |
167 | |||
Deferred income taxes |
363 | |||
Property and equipment |
1,973 | |||
Goodwill |
27,820 | |||
Customer relationships |
10,336 | |||
Trade names |
1,842 | |||
Noncompetition agreements |
164 | |||
|
|
|||
Total assets acquired |
77,463 | |||
|
|
|||
Liabilities Assumed: |
||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(13,187 | ) | ||
Distribution financing plan payable |
(15,275 | ) | ||
Customer deposits |
(1,072 | ) | ||
Deferred revenue |
(78 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total liabilities assumed |
(29,612 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
$ | 47,851 | ||
|
|
As of December 31, 2015, the purchase price was allocated on a preliminary basis to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and the liabilities assumed based on the estimated fair values at the acquisition date, as determined by the Companys management, based upon information currently available, current assumptions as to future operations, and consideration of market conditions. Due to the timing of the acquisition, the Company did not complete the final purchase price allocation until 2016. Adjustments to the preliminary amounts during the measurement period, which were the result of information that existed as of the acquisition date, were recognized prospectively. The adjustments resulted in an increase in goodwill of $13,634,000, a decrease in finite-life intangibles of $12,567,000, a decrease in trade accounts receivable of $1,192,000, a decrease in deferred income tax assets of $153,000, and an increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses of $787,000. The impact on the consolidated statement of income was a decrease in cost of revenue of $157,000 and a decrease in operating expenses of $60,000 and an increase in income before income taxes of $217,000.
As a result of the acquisition, a portion of the consideration, $2,925,000, was placed in an escrow account. All of the escrow was released to the sellers in 2016 and is included in cash consideration paid in the table above.
As of the acquisition date, the fair value of accounts receivable not expected to be collected was $2,202,000.
F-58
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
3. Trade Accounts Receivable
The following is a roll forward of our allowance for doubtful accounts (in thousands):
Balance at
Beginning of Period |
Amount Charged
to Costs or Expense |
Deductions (1) |
Balance at
End of Period |
|||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2015 |
$ | 150 | $ | 353 | $ | (120) | $ | 383 | ||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2016 |
$ | 383 | $ | 1,090 | $ | (449) | $ | 1,024 | ||||||||
Nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
$ | 1,024 | $ | 557 | $ | (544) | $ | 1,037 |
(1) | Deductions include actual accounts written off, net of recoveries. |
4. Property and Equipment
Property and equipment and accumulated depreciation is as follows (in thousands):
Estimated Useful
|
December 31, |
September 30,
2017 |
||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
Five to 10 years | $ | 6,922 | $ | 10,413 | $ | 30,274 | |||||||
Software |
3 years | 8,894 | 14,265 | 25,284 | ||||||||||
Leasehold improvements |
Lesser of life or lease term | 1,368 | 1,755 | 3,474 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
17,184 | 26,433 | 59,032 | ||||||||||||
Less accumulated depreciation |
(5,041 | ) | (11,078 | ) | (17,202 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 12,143 | $ | 15,355 | $ | 41,830 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. Goodwill and Finite-Life Intangible Assets
Goodwill
The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill is as follows (in thousands):
Balance as of December 31, 2014 |
$ | 220,966 | ||
Acquisitions |
23,385 | |||
|
|
|||
Balance as of December 31, 2015 |
244,351 | |||
Measurement period adjustments |
14,219 | |||
|
|
|||
Balance as of December 31, 2016 |
258,570 | |||
Acquisitions |
50,323 | |||
|
|
|||
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
$ | 308,893 | ||
|
|
During the year ended December 31, 2016, goodwill increased (decreased) by $13,634,000, $650,000, and $(65,000) associated with measurement period adjustments to the SIGMAnet, Sunturn, and MSN acquisitions, respectively. These adjustments were recorded prospectively under ASU 2015-16.
F-59
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Finite-life Intangibles
In connection with the acquisitions of Holdings and Spanlink in 2014, the acquisitions of Sunturn, MSN, and SIGMAnet in 2015, and the acquisitions of Annese, SPS, and RGTS in 2017, the Company acquired certain customer relationships, trademarks, noncompetition agreements, and internally developed software. The Companys management determined, based upon information available at the time of acquisition and on certain assumptions as to future operations and market considerations, the values of the finite-life intangibles as follows: trademarks, using the relief from royalty method; and customer relationships, noncompetition agreements and internally developed software using, in part, a discounted cash flow method. The amortization periods were estimated by management, considering both the economic and legal lives, as well as the expected period of benefit.
Finite-life intangible assets consist of the following (in thousands):
December 31, |
September 30,
2017 |
Useful Life
(Years) |
Weighted-Average
Remaining Life (Years) (1) |
|||||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Customer relationships |
$ | 159,958 | $ | 147,617 | $ | 173,912 | 5-10 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||
Trademarks |
35,522 | 35,878 | 40,019 | 2-10 | 6.8 | |||||||||||||||
Noncompetition agreements |
4,857 | 4,276 | 6,066 | 1-5 | 2.0 | |||||||||||||||
Internally developed software |
541 | 541 | 541 | 10 | 7.3 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
200,878 | 188,312 | 220,538 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less accumulated amortization |
(31,236 | ) | (53,692 | ) | (71,583 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Finite-life intangibles, net |
$ | 169,642 | $ | 134,620 | $ | 148,955 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | As of September 30, 2017 |
During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), aggregate amortization expense was $20,247,000, $22,456,000, $16,826,000, and $17,891,000, respectively. Based on the recorded intangible assets at September 30, 2017 (unaudited), estimated amortization expense is expected to be as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31, |
||||
2017 (remaining three months) |
$ | 7,441 | ||
2018 |
28,717 | |||
2019 |
27,745 | |||
2020 |
24,189 | |||
2021 |
21,178 | |||
2022 and thereafter |
39,685 | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
$ | 148,955 | ||
|
|
F-60
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
6. Debt
Long-term debt consisted of the following (in thousands):
December 31, |
September 30,
2017 |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
Revolving line-of-credit |
$ | 10,000 | $ | | $ | 26,000 | ||||||
Term loan facility |
| | 503,925 | |||||||||
First lien term loan |
236,772 | 324,138 | | |||||||||
Second lien term loan |
80,000 | 80,000 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total long-term debt |
326,772 |
|
404,138
|
|
529,925 | |||||||
Less unamortized original issue discount |
(2,246 | ) | (2,761 | ) | (4,662 | ) | ||||||
Less unamortized deferred financing costs |
(7,614 | ) | (9,089 | ) | (5,710 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total long-term debt, net of debt issuance cost |
316,912 | 392,288 | 519,553 | |||||||||
Less current maturities |
(2,404 | ) | (3,324 | ) | (5,050 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Long-term debt, net |
$ | 314,508 | $ | 388,964 | $ | 514,503 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 2017 Credit Facilities (unaudited)
Senior Secured Term Loan
On June 20, 2017, Holdings and our subsidiary, and direct corporate parent of Holdings, C1 Intermediate Corp. (Intermediate) entered into a Term Loan Agreement (the Term Loan Agreement) with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. as the administrative agent and collateral agent. The Term Loan Agreement provides for senior secured term loans in the aggregate principal amount of $430,000,000 (the Term Loans). A portion of the proceeds of the Term Loans were used to repay the June 2014 Credit Facilities described below and to pay debt issuance costs. The remaining proceeds will be used for working capital needs and general corporate purposes.
Principal installments in the amount of $1,262,500 are due on the last business day of each quarter, commencing September 30, 2017, with the remaining outstanding principal amount to be paid on its maturity date of June 20, 2024.
The obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Intermediate and certain restricted subsidiaries of Holdings. In addition, the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on substantially all assets of Holdings and each guarantor, except for the assets secured by a first priority lien under the Revolving Loan Credit Agreement discussed below, on which the Company has granted a second priority lien to secure the obligations under the Term Loan Agreement. In connection with the Term Loan Agreement, Intermediate, Holdings and its restricted subsidiaries are subject to various restrictive covenants, including, among other things, restrictions on dividends. Prepayments of principal are required under the agreement based upon a calculation of excess cash flows commencing with the year ending December 31, 2018.
The Company is permitted to repay outstanding Term Loans at any time without premium or penalty, unless such payment is made prior to June 20, 2018 in connection with a repricing transaction as described in the Term Loan Agreement, in which case the Company is required to pay a premium of 1% of the Term Loans so prepaid.
The Term Loans bear interest at 3.75% above the alternate base rate or 4.75% above the Eurodollar rate, as described in the agreement. Interest on the Eurodollar rate Term Loans is payable on the last day of the Interest
F-61
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Period, as defined in the Term Loan Agreement, and interest on alternate base rate Term Loans is payable on the last day of each quarter. Borrowings under the Term Loans had an interest rate of 6.09% at September 30, 2017.
The Company incurred financing transaction costs of approximately $4,778,000 and an original issue discount $4,300,000 related to the Term Loan Agreement which the Company will amortize over the term of the credit agreement.
In July 2017, Holdings borrowed an additional $75,000,000 of term loans under an incremental amendment to the Term Loan Agreement, which loans are part of the same class of, and on the same terms as, the initial Term Loans. Proceeds from the incremental amendment were used for the Annese acquisition, discussed in Note 2, and will be used for other acquisitions and general corporate purposes.
The Company incurred financing transaction costs of approximately $1,833,000 related to the incremental term loan joinder agreement. The Company expensed $973,000 of direct issuance costs incurred within interest expense on the consolidated statement of income and will amortize $860,000 over the remaining term of the credit agreement.
On October 25, 2017, Holdings borrowed an additional $60,000,000 of term loans under an incremental amendment to the Term Loan Agreement, which loans are part of the same class of, and on the same terms as, the initial Term Loans. Proceeds from the incremental amendment were used to repay acquisition indebtedness related to the SPS acquisition, discussed in Note 2, and will be used for other acquisitions and general corporate purposes.
Senior Secured Revolving Loan Facility
On June 20, 2017, Holdings and Intermediate entered into a Revolving Loan Credit Agreement (the Revolver Agreement) with Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC (Wells Fargo) as the administrative agent and collateral agent and as Floorplan Funding Agent. The Revolver Agreement provides a senior secured revolving loan facility of $150,000,000 aggregate principal amount of revolving loans and amends and restates the existing floorplan agreement with Wells Fargo in order to extend credit in the form of a floorplan subfacility. In connection with the December 2017 acquisition of AOS, Holdings drew down $30.0 million under the Revolver Agreement. The Revolver Agreement matures on June 20, 2022.
The obligations under the Revolver Agreement are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by Intermediate and certain restricted subsidiaries of Holdings. The obligations under the Revolver Agreement are secured by a first priority lien on the receivable accounts, inventory, and deposit and securities accounts, and a second priority lien on substantially all of the other assets of Holdings and each guarantor. The aggregate principal amount of the revolving loans and floorplan advances is limited to a Borrowing Base as defined by the Revolver Agreement, reduced by outstanding letters of credit. Mandatory prepayments are required in the event that the sum of the outstanding principal amount of the revolving loans, letters of credit and floorplan advances exceeds the lesser of (i) the aggregate revolving commitments of $150,000,000 or (ii) the Borrowing Base, in an amount equal to the excess.
The Revolver Agreement contains a number of covenants including, among other things, requirements to maintain certain financial ratios and restrictions on dividends. If the Revolving Exposure, as described in the Revolver Agreement, exceeds the lesser of the revolving loan commitments or the borrowing base, the Revolver Agreement requires the Company to prepay outstanding Revolving Loans in an aggregate amount equal to such excess. The Company is permitted to repay outstanding Revolving Loans at any time without premium or penalty.
Borrowings under the Revolver Agreement bear interest at rates ranging from 0.25% to 0.75% above the alternate base rate or from 1.25% to 1.75% above the Eurodollar rate as described in the Revolver Agreement, in each case based on availability under the Revolver Agreement as of such interest payment date. A commitment
F-62
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
fee equal to 0.250% or 0.375% per annum (based on availability under the Revolver Agreement) times the average daily unused amount of the available revolving commitments is payable on the last day of each quarter.
At September 30, 2017 (unaudited), the Borrowing Base was $150,000,000. There were no letters of credit outstanding, the outstanding balance on the revolver was $26,000,000, and the outstanding floorplan balance was $32,994,000; therefore, the maximum borrowing available was $91,006,000 at September 30, 2017.
The Company incurred financing transaction costs of approximately $927,000 related to the Revolver Agreement which the Company will amortize over the term of the agreement.
June 2014 Credit Facilities
In June 2014, Holdings, Intermediate and certain subsidiaries of Holdings obtained financing from a loan syndication with several lenders and entered into first and second lien credit agreements containing a revolving line-of-credit commitment and two term loans totaling $270,000,000. Principal installments were due quarterly through June 17, 2020 on the first lien term loan; the second lien term loan was payable in full on June 17, 2021. The revolving line-of-credit commitment had a maximum borrowing availability of $25,000,000, which was reduced by outstanding letters of credit, through June 17, 2019, if any. In May 2015, Holdings borrowed an additional $50,000,000 under an incremental joinder agreement related to the first lien term loan.
Borrowings under the credit agreements were secured by substantially all assets of Holdings, Intermediate and each guarantor. In connection with the credit agreements, Holdings, Intermediate and each guarantor were subject to various restrictive covenants, including, among other things, requirements to maintain certain financial ratios and restrictions on dividends. Prepayments of principal were required under the agreements for the first lien and second lien term loans based upon a calculation of excess cash flows commencing with the year ending December 31, 2015. There were no prepayments of principal required at December 31, 2015 or 2016.
Advances under the revolving line of credit bore interest at 4.00% (applicable margin) above the base rate or 5.00% above the Eurocurrency rate as defined in the agreement. Borrowings under the first and second lien term loans bore interest at 4.00% and 7.00%, respectively, above the base rate or 5.00% and 8.00%, respectively, above the Eurocurrency rate as defined in the agreement. Interest is payable on the last day of the interest period as defined in the agreements.
In October 2016, the first and second lien credit agreements including the revolving line-of-credit commitment were amended. Holdings borrowed an additional $90,000,000 on the first lien term loan. Interest on borrowings under the first and second lien term loans increased to 4.375% and 8.00%, respectively, above the base rate or 5.375% and 9.00%, respectively, above the Eurocurrency rate as defined in the agreements. Principal installments on the first lien term loan increased to $831,000 payable quarterly through June 17, 2020. The maximum borrowing availability of the revolver increased $40,000,000 to $65,000,000. There was no change in the maturity dates. The additional funds borrowed were used to pay dividends to Class A Common stockholders as discussed in Note 7Stockholders Equity (Deficit).
Certain lenders did not participate in the amendment to the credit agreements, therefore the amendment was accounted for as a debt modification with respect to amounts that remained in the syndicate and debt extinguishment with respect to the amounts that exited the syndicate.
In accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for debt modification and extinguishment, and for interest costs accounting, the Company expensed $1,470,000 in extinguishment costs incurred, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs of $989,000 and the remaining unamortized original issue discount of $288,000 relating to the amounts that exited the syndicate and amounts considered substantially different. The Company reported these expenses within interest expense on the consolidated statement of income for the year ended December 31, 2016.
F-63
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The Company incurred financing transaction costs of approximately $6,068,000 related to the amendments and an original issue discount $1,350,000. In accordance with the accounting for debt modification, the Company expensed $1,739,000 of direct issuance costs incurred within interest expense on the consolidated statement of income and will amortize $5,679,000 over the remaining term of the credit agreement.
In March 2017, the Company entered into an incremental term loan joinder agreement with its lender to increase the first lien term loan commitments in an aggregate amount of $50,000,000, subject to various terms and conditions. The interest rates, security agreement, restrictive covenants, and maturity date was the same as the outstanding first lien term loans. There was a commitment fee for the unused portion of the incremental term loan.
The Company incurred financing transaction costs of approximately $703,000 related to the incremental term loan joinder agreement. The Company expensed $556,000 of direct issuance costs incurred within interest expense on the consolidated statement of income and will amortize $147,000 over the remaining term of the credit agreement.
The Company made an initial $10,000,000 draw under the new agreement for working capital purposes in March 2017 and received proceeds of $9,353,000, net of related fees and expenses.
Borrowings under the first and second lien term loans had interest rates of 6.00% and 9.00%, respectively, at December 31, 2015. Borrowings under the first and second lien term loans had interest rates of 6.375% and 10.00%, respectively, at December 31, 2016. The interest rate on the revolving line-of-credit balance was 6.00% as of December 31, 2015 and 2016, but can vary depending upon whether the Company elects to use the Eurocurrency rate or the base rate. A commitment fee is charged at 0.50% on the amount by which the revolving line-of-credit commitment exceeds the outstanding line-of-credit balance. There were no letters of credit outstanding at either December 31, 2015 or 2016; therefore, the maximum borrowing available was $25,000,000 at December 31, 2015 and $65,000,000 at December 31, 2016.
On June 20, 2017, concurrent with entering into the Term Loan Agreement and Revolver Agreement, we terminated the June 2014 Credit Facilities including the first and second lien credit agreements containing a revolving line-of-credit commitment. We accounted for this termination as debt extinguishment and in accordance with the applicable accounting guidance for debt modification and extinguishment, and for interest costs accounting, the Company expensed $3,353,000 in extinguishment costs incurred, the remaining unamortized debt issuance costs of $2,388,000 and the remaining unamortized original issue discount of $7,897,000 relating to the June 2014 Credit Facilities. The Company reported these expenses within interest expense on the consolidated statement of income for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
Floor Planning Facilities
At the time of the acquisition by Solutions, SIGMAnet had a distribution financing agreement in place with GE Commercial Distribution Finance Corporation (GE) for financing inventory purchases. The agreement allowed for the purchase of inventory up to certain limitations of eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances. Advances under the agreement were collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory. The base credit line under this agreement was $35,000,000, with an outstanding balance of $15,275,000 at the acquisition date and $10,585,000 outstanding as of December 31, 2015, and is included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets. The agreement was suspended as of the acquisition date with the amounts due to GE under the agreement being paid in the normal course of business.
In February 2016, an amended agreement was signed with GE which provided for a $10,000,000 credit limit collateralized by certain accounts receivable balances. Advances under the agreement must be paid within 60 days or by the end of the free flooring period (which ranges from 45 to 90 days) to avoid interest charges. Any
F-64
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
balances not paid within the terms would accrue interest at prime rate but not less than 4.25% plus 0.50%. In March 2016, Wells Fargo & Company purchased GE and a new agreement was signed with Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC (Wells Fargo), in April 2016 with a base credit line of $20,000,000. The outstanding balance at December 31, 2016 was $9,677,000 and is included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets.
In March 2017, the Company amended and restated the foregoing existing floor planning facilities with Wells Fargo pursuant to an amended and restated inventory financing agreement. The agreement allowed for the purchase of inventory up to certain limitations of eligible accounts receivable and inventory balances. Advances under the agreement are collateralized by accounts receivable and inventory subject to the agreement. The facility available to the Company under the agreement is a discretionary facility with a former base credit line of up to $65,000,000. Advances under the agreement must have been paid within 60 days or by the end of the free flooring period (which ranges from 45-90 days) to avoid interest charges. Any balances not paid within the terms would accrue interest at the prime rate but not less than 4.25% plus 0.50%.
On June 20, 2017, concurrent with entering into the Revolver Agreement, the Company amended and restated the foregoing existing floor planning facilities with Wells Fargo to extend credit in the form of floorplan advances up to an aggregate principal amount of $150,000,000. If advances under the agreement are not paid within 60 days or by the end of the free flooring period (which ranges from 45-90 days), the floorplan advance automatically converts to a revolving loan subject to terms under the Revolver Agreement.
The outstanding balance of floorplan advances at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) was $32,994,000 and is included in accounts payable on the consolidated balance sheets.
Debt Issuance Costs
The Company amortizes original issue discount and deferred financing costs (debt issuance cost) using the effective interest method over the life of the related instrument, and such amortization is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.
Debt issuance costs are as follows (in thousands):
Revolving
Line of Credit |
Term Loan |
First Lien
Term Loan |
Second Lien
Term Loan |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2014 |
$ | 321 | $ | | $ | 6,873 | $ | 3,276 | $ | 10,470 | ||||||||||
Additions |
| 1,418 | | 1,418 | ||||||||||||||||
Amortization |
(72 | ) | (1,449 | ) | (507 | ) | (2,028 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2015 |
249 | | 6,842 | 2,769 | 9,860 | |||||||||||||||
Additions |
2,393 | | 2,567 | 719 | 5,679 | |||||||||||||||
Extinguishment |
| | (35 | ) | (1,242 | ) | (1,277 | ) | ||||||||||||
Amortization |
(253 | ) | | (1,675 | ) | (484 | ) | (2,412 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2016 |
2,389 | | 7,699 | 1,762 | 11,850 | |||||||||||||||
Additions (unaudited) |
927 | 9,938 | 147 | | 11,012 | |||||||||||||||
Extinguishment (unaudited) |
(1,933 | ) | | (6,775 | ) | (1,577 | ) | (10,285 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization (unaudited) |
(507 | ) | (442 | ) | (1,071 | ) | (185 | ) | (2,205 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Balance as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
$ | 876 | $ | 9,496 | $ | | $ | | $ | 10,372 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-65
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Long-term Debt Maturities
The approximate future principal payments on long-term debt at September 30, 2017 (unaudited), is as follows (in thousands)
Years Ending December 31, |
Debt | |||
2017 (remaining three months) |
$ | 27,263 | ||
2018 |
5,050 | |||
2019 |
5,050 | |||
2020 |
5,050 | |||
2021 |
5,050 | |||
2022 and thereafter |
482,462 | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
529,925 | |||
Less unamortized debt issuance costs |
(10,372 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Total debt |
$ | 519,553 | ||
|
|
7. Stockholders Equity (Deficit)
The Company has two classes of common stock authorized, Class A and Class B.
Voting
Except as otherwise expressly provided in the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, or the Restated Certificate, each holder of Class A Common Stock is entitled to one vote per share. Except as provided by law and in the event of any increase or decrease in the number of authorized shares of Class B Common Stock, the holders of Class B Common Stock have no voting rights.
Conversion
Each share of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into one share of Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the closing of a firmly underwritten public offering, or a Public Offering, of the Companys common stock. Class B Common Stock will continue to be subject to vesting conditions as discussed below. Upon such automatic conversion, any declared and unpaid dividends shall be paid in accordance with the Restated Certificate.
Dividends
The holders of the Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends in preference to the holders of the Class B Common Stock until the holders of the Class A Common Stock have received at least $1.00 per share (as adjusted for any stock dividends, combinations, splits, recapitalizations and the like with respect to such shares), or the Original Issue Price. After the payment of the Class A preferential dividends, the holders of the Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock are entitled to share equally, on a per share basis, in all dividends declared by the Board of Directors.
On October 17, 2016, the Board of Directors declared a dividend payable to Class A Common stockholders in the cumulative amount of approximately $89,862,000. The dividend was paid in conjunction with the amendment to the first and second lien credit agreements and thus, permitted by the lenders. The dividends paid exceeded the Companys retained earnings at the time of declaration by $80,925,000 and, as a result, the excess was recorded as a reduction to paid-in-capital. As a result of such dividend, the holders of the Class A Common Stock are no longer entitled to receive any preferential dividends or preferential amounts in the event of any liquidation, dissolution, winding up or change of control transaction.
F-66
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Restricted Class B Common Stock
In June 2014, we issued 11,674,430 shares of Class B Common Stock to employees and members of the Board of Directors in connection with the acquisition of Holdings. These shares are subject to vesting and the shares are subject to a repurchase right held by us, as further described below. These shares of Class B Common Stock were issued to each holder as 50% Tranche 1 shares, 25% Tranche 2 shares and 25% Tranche 3 shares.
The shares of Class B Common Stock were valued at the estimated fair value at the time of issuance and are being amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period in which they are earned by the individuals. The grant-date fair value of our awards was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the weighted-average assumptions listed in Note 8Stock-based Compensation.
The fair value of the common stock has historically been determined by management, in part, based upon periodic valuation studies obtained from a third party valuation firm. In performing our valuation, the valuation firm engaged in discussions with management, analyzed historical and forecasted financial statements, and reviewed corporate documents. In addition, these valuation studies were based on a number of assumptions, including industry, general economic and market conditions that could reasonably be evaluated at the time of the valuation.
Tranche 1 shares vest over a five-year period; 40% vest on the two-year anniversary of issuance, and the balance vest ratably over the remaining three-year period, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date. In the event of a change in control and if the holders employment with the Company is terminated without cause or the holder resigns for good reason within 24 months following the change in control, the vesting of 100% of the Tranche 1 shares will accelerate.
Tranche 2 shares vest on the day prior to the ten-year anniversary of issuance, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date. Subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of the date immediately prior to such event, the vesting of 100% of the Tranche 2 shares will accelerate in the event of any change in control or Public Offering Sale in which Clearlake receives gross proceeds in such transaction in consideration for the shares of Class A Common Stock held by Clearlake that exceeds two times the amount of paid-in capital received by the Company from Clearlake, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, less any declared and paid cash dividends with respect to the Class A Common Stock issued to Clearlake. Public Offering Sale shall mean the consummated sale of shares of the Company by Clearlake for its own account pursuant to the Public Offering, together with all consummated secondary sales and/or public offerings of the Companys shares by Clearlake.
Tranche 3 shares vest on the day prior to the ten-year anniversary of issuance, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date. Subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of the date immediately prior to such event, the vesting of 100% of the Tranche 3 shares will accelerate in the event of any change in control or Public Offering Sale in which Clearlake receives gross proceeds in such transaction in consideration for the shares of Class A Common Stock held by Clearlake that exceeds 2.5 times the amount of paid-in capital received by the Company from Clearlake, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, less any declared and paid cash dividends with respect to the Class A Common Stock issued to Clearlake.
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder, other than termination by the Company without cause, the holders death or permanent disability, or resignation by holder following certain reductions in salary, the Company may repurchase the Class B shares held by such holder at a price of $0.01 per share.
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder by the Company with cause, the Company may repurchase the Class B shares held by such holder at a price of $0.01 per share.
F-67
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder by the Company without cause, following the holders death or permanent disability, or resignation by holder following certain reductions in salary, the Company may repurchase the unvested Class B shares at a price of $0.01 per share and the Company may repurchase the vested Class B shares at a price equal to the fair market value of such shares.
Restricted Class A Common Stock
In June 2014, the Company issued 4,208,258 shares of Class A Common Stock to employees and members of the Board of Directors in connection with the acquisition of Holdings. These shares are subject to a repurchase right held by us.
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder, other than termination by the Company without cause, the holders death or permanent disability, or resignation by holder following certain reductions in salary, the Company may repurchase the Class A shares held by such holder at a price of $1.00 per share.
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder by the Company with cause, the Company may repurchase the Class A shares held by such holder at a price of $1.00 per share.
Upon the termination of continuous service of a holder by the Company without cause, following the holders death or permanent disability, or resignation by holder following certain reductions in salary, the Company may repurchase the Class A shares at a price equal to $1.00 per share, plus 5% of $1.00 per share measured per annum (on a non-compounding basis) measured from the issuance date through such termination date.
The repurchase right with respect to the Class A shares shall lapse and terminate immediately following a public offering or change in control.
See Note 8Stock-based Compensation regarding a summary of shares vested during the periods presented in the financial statements.
8. Stock-based Compensation
The Companys 2014 Equity Incentive Plan, or the Plan, provides for the issuance of incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares, and other awards.
Pursuant to the Plan, the Company issued options to purchase Class B Common Stock in 2014 to management employees in connection with the acquisition of Holdings. Additional options were issued to employees, consultants and non-employee members of the Board of Directors in 2015, 2016, and 2017. All options are subject to vesting and subject to future services to be rendered to the Company.
Certain of the options allow for early exercise, and the shares acquired via early exercise of the options are subject to continued vesting and a repurchase right held by us.
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), there were 4,589,404 shares, 4,952,155 shares, and 5,517,524 shares of Class B Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan, respectively. As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), 4,179,155 shares, 4,902,155 shares, and 5,517,524 shares, net of forfeitures were granted, respectively. As of December 31, 2015 and 2016, 410,249 and 50,000 shares remain available for future grants, respectively. As of September 30, 2017 (unaudited), there are no shares remaining for future grants.
Options
The Companys option awards are typically issued with one of three vesting schedules: Tranche 1, Tranche 2 and Tranche 3.
F-68
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Tranche 1 options vest and become exercisable over a five-year period; 40% vest on the two-year anniversary of issuance, and the balance vest ratably over the remaining three-year period, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date.
Tranche 2 options vest and become exercisable on the day prior to the ten-year anniversary of issuance, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date. Subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of the date immediately prior to such event, the vesting of 100% of the Tranche 2 shares will accelerate in the event of any change in control or Public Offering Sale in which Clearlake receives gross proceeds in such transaction in consideration for the shares of Class A Common Stock held by Clearlake that exceeds two times the amount of paid-in capital received by the Company from Clearlake, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, less any declared and paid cash dividends with respect to the Class A Common Stock issued to Clearlake.
Tranche 3 options vest and become exercisable on the day prior to the ten-year anniversary of issuance, subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of such vesting date. Subject to the holders continuous service to the Company as of the date immediately prior to such event, the vesting of 100% of the Tranche 3 shares will accelerate in the event of any change in control or Public Offering Sale in which Clearlake receives gross proceeds in such transaction in consideration for the shares of Class A Common Stock held by Clearlake that exceeds 2.5 times the amount of paid-in capital received by the Company from Clearlake, plus any accrued and unpaid dividends, less any declared and paid cash dividends with respect to the Class A Common Stock issued to Clearlake.
Equity awards were valued at their estimated fair value at the time of issuance and are being amortized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the period in which they are earned by the individuals. The grant-date fair value of our option grants was calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, 2017 |
|||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||
(unaudited) |
||||||||||||
Expected life (in years) |
6.6 | 8.6 | 8.8 | |||||||||
Expected volatility |
46.1 | % | 43.1 | % | 42.9 | % | ||||||
Dividend yield |
0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | 0.0 | % | ||||||
Risk-free interest rate |
2.1 | % | 2.1 | % | 2.2 | % |
There were no Tranche 1 options to purchase Class B common stock issued as of December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), 219,000 and 261,000, respectively, Tranche 1 options to purchase Class B common stock issued to certain employees and directors were outstanding, of which 55,000 were vested.
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), 750,000, 1,254,000 and 1,296,000, respectively, options to purchase Class B Common Stock only vest upon the Company experiencing a change of control or Public Offering Sale and provide a return of value when Clearlake achieves an exit return target, or otherwise cliff vest the day prior to the 10 year anniversary of issuance, as described above.
F-69
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
A summary of the stock option activity is presented below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Shares
Underlying Options |
Weighted-
Average Exercise Price |
Weighted-
Average Grant-Date Fair Value |
Aggregate
Intrinsic Value (1) |
Weighted-
Average Remaining Contract Terms (Years) |
||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2014 |
1,864 | $ | 0.01 | $ | 0.15 | $ | | 9.9 | ||||||||||||
Granted |
1,057 | 0.01 | 0.15 | |||||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(210 | ) | 0.01 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
Exercised |
(1,961 | ) | 0.01 | 0.15 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2015 |
750 | 0.01 | 0.15 | 1,208 | 8.8 | |||||||||||||||
Granted |
773 | 1.62 | 0.82 | |||||||||||||||||
Forfeited |
(50 | ) | 1.62 | 0.87 | ||||||||||||||||
Exercised |
| |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2016 |
1,473 | 0.80 | 0.48 | 3,829 | 8.5 | |||||||||||||||
Granted (unaudited) |
616 | 3.40 | 1.63 | |||||||||||||||||
Forfeited (unaudited) |
| |||||||||||||||||||
Exercised (unaudited) |
(531 | ) | 3.40 | 1.66 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Balance at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
1,558 | $ | 0.94 | $ | 0.53 | $ | 3,829 | 7.8 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Fully vested and expected to vest
|
1,507 | $ | 0.91 | $ | 0.51 | $ | 3,746 | 7.8 | ||||||||||||
Exercisable at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
55 | $ | 1.62 | $ | 0.66 | $ | 98 | 8.4 |
(1) | Aggregate intrinsic value represents the difference between the estimated fair value of the underlying common stock and the exercise price of outstanding, in-the-money options at the date of measurement. |
The table above includes approximately 529,000 options granted to a non-employee in January 2015 for services rendered, all of which were early exercised during the year ended December 31, 2015.
The activity of the unvested options is presented below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Shares
Underlying Options |
Weighted-
Average Grant- Date Fair Value Per Option |
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2015 |
750 | $ | 0.15 | |||||
Granted |
773 | 0.82 | ||||||
Vested |
(15 | ) | 0.65 | |||||
Forfeited |
(50 | ) | 0.87 | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Balance at December 31, 2016 |
1,458 | 0.47 | ||||||
Granted (unaudited) |
616 | 1.63 | ||||||
Vested (unaudited) |
(40 | ) | 0.66 | |||||
Exercised (unaudited) |
|
(531
|
)
|
1.66 | ||||
|
|
|||||||
Balance at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
1,503 | $ | 0.52 | |||||
|
|
Class B Common Stock
As of December 31, 2015 and 2016, 7,350,868 shares and as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited), 7,415,336 shares of Class B Common Stock vest upon the Company experiencing a change of control or Public Offering
F-70
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
and provide a return of value when Clearlake achieves an exit return target, or otherwise cliff vest the day prior to the 10 year anniversary of issuance, as described above.
The activity for Class B common stock is presented below (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Shares |
Weighted-
Average Grant- Date Fair Value Per Share |
|||||||
Unvested and outstanding at December 31, 2015 |
14,702 | $ | 0.15 | |||||
Vested |
(2,835 | ) | 0.15 | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Unvested and outstanding at December 31, 2016 |
11,867 | 0.15 | ||||||
Granted (unaudited) |
|
531
|
|
1.66 | ||||
Vested (unaudited) |
(1,246 | ) | 0.15 | |||||
Repurchased (unaudited) |
(402 | ) | 0.15 | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Unvested and outstanding at September 30, 2017 (unaudited) |
10,750 | $ | 0.23 | |||||
|
|
The table above includes approximately 529,000 shares issued to a non-employee upon early exercise of his stock options during the year ended December 31, 2015. Of these shares, 105,745 were vested as of December 31, 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), and none were vested as of December 31, 2015.
Expense
During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), total estimated fair value of share awards and options granted to purchase Class B Common Stock was $88,000, $636,000, $648,000, and $1,000,000, respectively. Compensation expense recognized for equity awards for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited) was $233,000, $1,057,000, $883,000, and $521,000 respectively. At December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited) there was $887,000, $3,159,000, and $3,570,000, respectively, of unrecognized expense related to nonvested equity awards, which the Company expects to recognize over the next 4.1, 6.0, and 6.1 years, respectively.
Included within compensation expense are amounts related to a 2015 non-employee stock option grant, which is re-measured at the end of each reporting period until all options are vested, which accounted for $8,000, $538,000, $468,000, and $202,000 during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), respectively. The increase in 2016 is due to an increase in the underlying fair value of the Companys common stock, one of the specific assumptions used as an input to the Black-Scholes pricing model, which is updated quarterly for the re-measurement of the non-employee stock options. The fair value of the Companys common stock, which was determined based on a valuation by a third-party firm in early October 2016, increased during 2016 as a result of the integration of several acquisitions made in 2015 and growth in EBITDA and revenues. At September 30, 2017 (unaudited), there was $1,046,000 of unrecognized expense related to non-employee nonvested equity awards.
9. Net Income (Loss) per Share
The Company applies the two-class method of computing net income (loss) per share in which net income (loss) is allocated to the two classes of common stock in the same fashion as dividends are distributed. The holders of the Class A Common Stock are entitled to receive dividends in preference to the holders of the Class B Common Stock as discussed above. After the payment of the Class A preferential dividends, the holders of the Class A and Class B Common Stock are entitled to share equally, on a per share basis, in all dividends declared by the Board of Directors. As a result of the cash dividend paid in October 2016, the holders of the Class A
F-71
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Common Stock are no longer entitled to receive any preferential dividends or preferential amounts in the event of any liquidation, dissolution, winding up or change of control transaction. Shares of Class B Common Stock are considered participating securities subsequent to the dividend payment in October 2016 for computation of net income (loss) per share.
For the year ended December 31, 2015, holders of Class B Common Stock did not participate as they were not entitled to receive dividends since holders of Class A Common Stock had not received the full preferential dividends. Class A common stockholders received their preferential dividend of $89,862,000 in October 2016 resulting in an excess dividend above earnings and a theoretical net loss attributable solely to Class A common stockholders of $81,513,000 for the year ended December 31, 2016. Class B common stockholders do not participate in a loss.
The following is a reconciliation of the weighted-average number of shares used to compute basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||||||
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stockholders |
$ | 4,023 | $ | 8,349 | $ | 6,186 | $ | (13,185) | ||||||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||||||
Weighted-average Class A common sharesbasic |
89,866 | 89,862 | 89,862 | 89,782 | ||||||||||||
Effect of dilutive securities: |
||||||||||||||||
Stock options and non-vested shares |
| | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Weighted-average Class A common sharesdiluted |
89,866 | 89,862 | 89,862 | 89,782 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A common stockholders, basic and diluted |
$ | 0.04 | $ | 0.09 | $ | 0.07 | $ | (0.15) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Had the distributions been made in prior years, the net income per share for the year ended December 31, 2016, considering both A and B common stock, would have been $0.09. There were no Class A dilutive securities for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016.
10. Fair Value Measurements
For certain of the Companys financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivables, accounts payable, and accrued expenses, the carrying value approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments.
The fair value of the Companys contingent consideration resulting from the acquisition of Annese on July 14, 2017, approximates the carrying value of $4,000,000 as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited). The fair value of the contingent consideration liability was estimated using significant other unobservable inputs (Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy) based upon a risk-adjusted present value of the expected payments by us.
The fair value of the Companys long-term debt as of December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), approximates the carrying value of $326,772,000, $404,138,000, and $529,925,000, respectively. The Company uses significant other unobservable inputs to estimate fair value (Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy) of long-term debt based on the present value of future cash flows, interest rates, maturities, and collateral requirements available for companies with similar credit ratings.
F-72
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
For certain of the Companys nonfinancial assets, including goodwill, intangible assets and property and equipment, the Company may be required to assess the fair values of these assets, on a recurring or nonrecurring basis, and record an impairment if the carrying value exceeds the fair value. In determining the fair value of these assets, the Company may use a combination of valuation methods, which include Level 3 inputs. For the periods presented, there were no impairment charges. See Notes 1Nature of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and 5Goodwill and Finite-Life Intangible Assets for additional information regarding the Companys determination of fair value regarding goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets.
In conjunction with the acquisitions discussed in Note 2Acquisitions, the Company used a combination of valuation methods which include Level 3 inputs in determining the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired as well as the fair value of the consideration transferred.
11. Major Vendors and Economic Dependence
The Company has numerous technology partners whose communication products are purchased and resold. Although the Company purchases from a diverse vendor base, products manufactured by two of our vendors, Avaya Inc. (Avaya), and Cisco Systems, Inc., represented 41% and 25%, respectively, of the Companys technology offerings revenue for the year ended December 31, 2015, 30% and 29%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2016, and 20% and 37%, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 (unaudited). Avaya related revenue represented 33%, 27%, 27%, and 22% of the Companys total consolidated revenue for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 and the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), respectively.
Avaya filed for reorganization under Chapter 11 on January 19, 2017. As a result of this, new or existing customers may elect to delay purchasing decisions with respect to Avaya technology. Delays in customer purchasing decisions, or an election by the Companys customers to purchase alternative technology offerings from the Company or its competitors, could result in lower revenues, gross profits or gross margins. Avaya announced in late October 2017 that the Bankruptcy Court approved Avayas plan of reorganization and expects to emerge from bankruptcy proceedings in the fourth quarter of 2017. Management continues to evaluate the impact that Avayas reorganization has had on the Companys results of operations and financial condition.
The Company has one distributor that supplies a significant portion of its Avaya communication products. At December 31, 2015 and 2016 and September 30, 2017 (unaudited), the Company owed $38,000,000, $27,000,000, and $19,000,000, respectively, to this distributor.
12. Operating Leases
The Company leases office and warehouse space and vehicles under operating lease agreements that expire on various dates through 2026.
Approximate future minimum annual rental commitments under these operating leases as of September 30, 2017 (unaudited) are as follows (in thousands):
Years Ending December 31, |
Amount | |||
2017 (remaining three months) |
$ | 1,896 | ||
2018 |
6,520 | |||
2019 |
4,338 | |||
2020 |
3,003 | |||
2021 |
2,354 | |||
2022 and thereafter |
4,478 | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
$ | 22,589 | ||
|
|
F-73
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Rent expense was $3,360,000 and $4,648,000 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. Rent expense was $3,505,000 and $3,417,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), respectively.
13. Employee Benefit Plans
The Company sponsors defined contribution plans for substantially all employees. Annual Company contributions under the plans are discretionary. Company contribution expense during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 was $2,400,000 and $2,965,000, respectively. Company contribution expense during the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited) was $2,531,000 and $2,811,000, respectively.
14. Employment Contracts and Bonus Plans
The Company has entered into employment contracts with certain officers that require an annual salary plus a bonus amount based on meeting certain business plan and financial objectives. In addition, the agreements contain provisions for severance payments under certain termination conditions.
15. Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes charged to operations for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 consists of the following (in thousands):
Year ended
December 31, |
||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||
Current |
||||||||
Federal |
$ | 5,170 | $ | 9,535 | ||||
State |
1,321 | 1,246 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
6,491 | 10,781 | |||||||
Deferred |
||||||||
Federal |
(2,595 | ) | (2,445 | ) | ||||
State |
(322 | ) | (1,620 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
(2,917 | ) | (4,065 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
$ | 3,574 | $ | 6,716 | |||||
|
|
|
|
The following schedule reconciles the differences between the U.S. federal income taxes at the U.S. statutory rate and our income tax expense (in thousands):
Year ended
December 31, |
||||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||||||||||
Statutory federal income tax rate |
$ | 2,659 | 35.0 | % | $ | 5,273 | 35.0 | % | ||||||||
Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from: |
||||||||||||||||
State income taxes, net of federal income tax effect |
567 | 7.4 | 857 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||
Nondeductible expenses |
280 | 3.7 | 858 | 5.7 | ||||||||||||
Deferred rate change |
| | 370 | 2.4 | ||||||||||||
Acquisition accounting adjustment |
| | (351 | ) | (2.3 | ) | ||||||||||
Other |
68 | 0.9 | (291 | ) | (1.9 | ) | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Effective tax rate |
$ | 3,574 | 47.0 | % | $ | 6,716 | 44.6 | % | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The effective rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2017 decreased to 32.4% as a result of the negative impact of nondeductible expenses on the overall tax benefit on net losses before income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
F-74
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities consist of the following components (in thousands):
December 31, | ||||||||
2015 | 2016 | |||||||
Deferred Tax Assets: |
||||||||
Trade accounts receivable |
$ | 765 | $ | 619 | ||||
Inventories |
306 | 262 | ||||||
Accrued expenses |
260 | 494 | ||||||
Accrued compensation |
2,305 | 2,960 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
1,782 | 1,786 | ||||||
Debt financing costs |
| 382 | ||||||
Net operating loss carryforwards |
2,226 | 1,885 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total deferred tax assets |
7,644 | 8,388 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Deferred Tax Liabilities: |
||||||||
Prepaid expenses and deferred customer support contract costs |
3,696 | 4,009 | ||||||
Other |
161 | 132 | ||||||
Property and equipment |
1,737 | 2,872 | ||||||
Goodwill and finite-life intangibles |
43,804 | 39,216 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total deferred tax liabilities |
49,398 | 46,229 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total net deferred tax liabilities |
$ | (41,754 | ) | $ | (37,841 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
As discussed in Note 1Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements, the Company adopted ASU 2015-17, which requires entities to present deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet. Upon adoption, $1.7 million of deferred taxes previously classified as a component of current assets in the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2015 have been reclassified as a component of long-term deferred tax liabilities.
Certain of the Companys historical net operating losses are subject to Internal Revenue Code Section 382 limitations which have been considered in determining the amount of available net operating loss carryforwards. At December 31, 2016, the Company has federal net operating loss carryforwards of $4.3 million that begin to expire in 2029 if not utilized. The Company also has $7.5 million of various state operating loss carryforwards at December 31, 2016, that begin to expire in 2024 if not utilized.
Uncertain Tax Positions
The Company recognizes the tax effects of an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not to be sustained based solely upon its technical merits at the reporting date. The unrecognized tax benefit is the difference between the tax benefit recognized and the tax benefit claimed on the Companys income tax return. The Company has reviewed its prior year returns and believes that all material tax positions in the current and prior years have been analyzed and properly accounted for and that the risk that additional material uncertain tax positions have not been identified is remote.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of the gross unrecognized income tax benefit is as follows:
Balance as of December 31, 2015 |
1,331 | |||
Current year uncertain tax positions |
125 | |||
Settlements |
| |||
|
|
|||
Balance as of December 31, 2016 |
$ | 1,456 | ||
|
|
F-75
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
The amount of unrecognized tax benefits is not expected to change materially within the next 12 months. If we were to prevail on all unrecognized tax benefits recorded, $1,364,000 of the $1,456,000 reserve would benefit the effective tax rate. In addition, the reversal of accrued penalties and interest would also benefit the effective tax rate. Interest and penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits are recorded within income tax expense. During the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, we recorded a net expense from accrued penalties and interest of $0 and $74,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2015 and 2016, total accrued interest and penalties were $0 and $111,000, respectively. There have been no material changes to the Companys uncertain tax positions for the nine months ended September 30, 2017.
The Companys federal income tax returns remain open to examination for 2014 through 2016 and certain of the Companys state income tax returns remain open to examination for 2013 through 2016.
16. Segment Reporting
Management has concluded that our chief operating decision maker (CODM) consists of both its chief executive officer and chief financial officer. The Companys CODMs collectively review the entire organizations consolidated results as a whole on a monthly basis to evaluate performance and make resource allocation decisions. Management views the Companys operations and manages its business as one operating segment.
Geographic Areas
Sales to customers outside of the United States are not material for any of the periods presented. Additionally, the Company does not have long-lived assets outside of the United States.
Revenue by Technology Market
The following table presents total technology offerings revenue and services revenue by technology market, based on the Companys internal classification of revenue (in thousands):
Year Ended
December 31, |
Nine Months Ended
September 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2015 | 2016 | 2016 | 2017 | |||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||
Technology Offerings |
||||||||||||||||
Collaboration |
$ | 207,202 | $ | 232,357 | $ | 170,731 | $ | 159,246 | ||||||||
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud and Security |
90,279 | 207,447 | 162,508 | 155,955 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 297,481 | $ | 439,804 | $ | 333,239 | $ | 315,201 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Services |
||||||||||||||||
Collaboration |
$ | 288,167 | $ | 319,208 | $ | 233,984 | $ | 250,779 | ||||||||
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud and Security |
15,816 | 56,597 | 37,858 | 53,720 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
$ | 303,983 | $ | 375,805 | $ | 271,842 | $ | 304,499 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
||||||||||||||||
Collaboration |
$ | 495,369 | $ | 551,565 | $ | 404,715 | $ | 410,025 | ||||||||
Enterprise Networking, Data Center, Cloud and Security |
106,095 | 264,044 | 200,366 | 209,675 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
$ | 601,464 | $ | 815,609 | $ | 605,081 | $ | 619,700 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-76
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements(Continued)
17. Related-Party Transactions
The Company has a management agreement with Clearlake, a stockholder of the Company. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company is required to pay Clearlake a quarterly management fee not to exceed $375,000. For years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, the expense under the agreement was $1,500,000, of which $375,000 was included in accrued expenses at December 31, 2015 and 2016, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), the expense under the agreement was $1,125,000, of which $375,000 was included in accrued expenses at September 30, 2016 and 2017 (unaudited), respectively. The Company paid consulting fees of $100,000 to Clearlake in the year ended December 31, 2016 and in the nine months ended September 30, 2017 related to debt refinancings.
On August 17, 2017, the Company granted 530,772 options to purchase the Companys Class B Common Stock to a newly appointed board member. On September 25, 2017, the board member early exercised the options for a total exercise price of $1,805,000 with payment in the form of a Recourse Promissory Note. The note bears interest at 2.6% and is due and payable in full upon the earliest of (i) September 25, 2027, (ii) the date on which the first registration statement is filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, offering securities of the Company to the public, (iii) the dissolution or liquidation of the Company, and (iv) within 10 days after the date on which the individual is no longer a director of the Company.
F-77
CONFIDENTIAL
AGREEMENT AND PLAN OF MERGER
by and among
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION,
as the Parent,
FMC MERGER SUBSIDIARY CORP.,
as Merger Sub I,
FMC MERGER SUBSIDIARY LLC ,
as Merger Sub II,
CLEARLAKE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT III, L.P.,
in the capacity as the Seller Representative,
and
C1 INVESTMENT CORP.,
as the Company
Dated as of November 30, 2017
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||
I. MERGER |
A-2 | |||
1.1. Merger |
A-2 | |||
1.2. Effective Time |
A-2 | |||
1.3. Effect of the Merger |
A-2 | |||
1.4. Tax Treatment |
A-3 | |||
1.5. Organizational Documents |
A-3 | |||
1.6. Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation |
A-3 | |||
1.7. Merger Consideration |
A-3 | |||
1.8. Effect of Merger on Company Securities |
A-4 | |||
1.9. Effect of First Merger on Merger Sub I Stock; Effect of Second Merger on Merger Sub II Membership Interests and Surviving Corporation Stock |
A-6 | |||
1.10. Surrender of Company Securities and Disbursement of Merger Consideration |
A-6 | |||
1.11. Closing Calculations |
A-8 | |||
1.12. Final Post-Closing Adjustments and Calculations |
A-8 | |||
1.13. Appraisal and Dissenters Rights |
A-10 | |||
1.14. Taking of Necessary Action; Further Action |
A-10 | |||
II. EARNOUT |
A-10 | |||
2.1. Earnout Payments |
A-10 | |||
2.2. Earnout Procedures |
A-13 | |||
2.3. Sponsor Earnout Shares |
A-14 | |||
2.4. Future Operations |
A-15 | |||
III. CLOSING |
A-15 | |||
3.1. Closing |
A-15 | |||
IV. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE PARENT AND MERGER SUBS |
A-15 | |||
4.1. Organization and Standing |
A-15 | |||
4.2. Authorization; Binding Agreement |
A-16 | |||
4.3. Governmental Approvals |
A-16 | |||
4.4. Non-Contravention |
A-16 | |||
4.5. Capitalization |
A-17 | |||
4.6. SEC Filings and Parent Financials |
A-18 | |||
4.7. Absence of Certain Changes |
A-19 | |||
4.8. Compliance with Laws |
A-19 | |||
4.9. Actions; Orders; Permits |
A-19 | |||
4.10. Taxes and Returns |
A-19 | |||
4.11. Employees and Employee Benefit Plans |
A-20 | |||
4.12. Properties |
A-20 | |||
4.13. Material Contracts |
A-20 | |||
4.14. Transactions with Affiliates |
A-20 | |||
4.15. Investment Company Act |
A-20 | |||
4.16. Finders and Brokers |
A-21 | |||
4.17. Ownership of Merger Consideration Shares |
A-21 | |||
4.18. Certain Business Practices |
A-21 | |||
4.19. Insurance |
A-21 | |||
4.20. PIPE Investment |
A-21 | |||
4.21. Independent Investigation |
A-22 | |||
4.22. Trust Account |
A-22 |
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V. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY |
A-23 | |||
5.1. Organization and Standing |
A-23 | |||
5.2. Authorization; Binding Agreement |
A-23 | |||
5.3. Capitalization |
A-23 | |||
5.4. Subsidiaries |
A-24 | |||
5.5. Governmental Approvals |
A-25 | |||
5.6. Non-Contravention |
A-25 | |||
5.7. Financial Statements |
A-26 | |||
5.8. Absence of Certain Changes |
A-27 | |||
5.9. Compliance with Laws |
A-27 | |||
5.10. Company Permits |
A-27 | |||
5.11. Litigation |
A-27 | |||
5.12. Material Contracts |
A-27 | |||
5.13. Intellectual Property |
A-28 | |||
5.14. Taxes and Returns |
A-30 | |||
5.15. Real Property |
A-30 | |||
5.16. Title to and Sufficiency of Assets |
A-30 | |||
5.17. Employee Matters |
A-30 | |||
5.18. Benefit Plans |
A-31 | |||
5.19. Environmental Matters |
A-32 | |||
5.20. Transactions with Related Persons |
A-32 | |||
5.21. Insurance |
A-32 | |||
5.22. Export Control Laws |
A-33 | |||
5.23. Books and Records |
A-33 | |||
5.24. Top Customers and Suppliers |
A-33 | |||
5.25. Government Contracts |
A-33 | |||
5.26. Certain Business Practices |
A-34 | |||
5.27. Investment Company Act |
A-35 | |||
5.28. Finders and Brokers |
A-35 | |||
5.29. Independent Investigation |
A-35 | |||
5.30. Information Supplied |
A-35 | |||
5.31. Disclosure |
A-35 | |||
VI. COVENANTS |
A-36 | |||
6.1. Access and Information |
A-36 | |||
6.2. Conduct of Business of the Company |
A-36 | |||
6.3. Conduct of Business of the Parent |
A-38 | |||
6.4. Parent Public Filings |
A-39 | |||
6.5. No Solicitation |
A-39 | |||
6.6. No Trading |
A-40 | |||
6.7. Notification of Certain Matters |
A-40 | |||
6.8. Efforts |
A-40 | |||
6.9. Further Assurances |
A-42 | |||
6.10. The Registration Statement |
A-42 | |||
6.11. Company Stockholder Meeting |
A-44 | |||
6.12. PIPE Investment |
A-44 | |||
6.13. Public Announcements |
A-44 | |||
6.14. Confidential Information |
A-45 | |||
6.15. Documents and Information |
A-46 | |||
6.16. Indemnification of Directors and Officers; Tail Insurance |
A-46 | |||
6.17. Post-Closing Board of Directors and Executive Officers |
A-47 | |||
6.18. Use of Trust Account Proceeds After the Closing |
A-47 |
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6.19. Parent Post-Closing Dividend Policy |
A-47 | |||
6.20. Post-Closing Registration Statement |
A-47 | |||
6.21. Security Clearances |
A-47 | |||
6.22. Listing of Parent Common Shares |
A-48 | |||
VII. SURVIVAL |
A-48 | |||
7.1. Survival |
A-48 | |||
VIII. CLOSING CONDITIONS |
A-48 | |||
8.1. Conditions to Each Partys Obligations |
A-48 | |||
8.2. Conditions to Obligations of the Company |
A-49 | |||
8.3. Conditions to Obligations of the Parent |
A-50 | |||
8.4. Frustration of Conditions |
A-51 | |||
IX. TERMINATION AND EXPENSES |
A-51 | |||
9.1. Termination |
A-51 | |||
9.2. Effect of Termination |
A-52 | |||
9.3. Transaction Expenses |
A-53 | |||
9.4. Termination Fee |
A-53 | |||
X. WAIVERS AND RELEASES |
A-53 | |||
10.1. Waiver of Claims Against Trust |
A-53 | |||
XI. MISCELLANEOUS |
A-55 | |||
11.1. Notices |
A-55 | |||
11.2. Binding Effect; Assignment |
A-56 | |||
11.3. Third Parties |
A-56 | |||
11.4. Arbitration |
A-56 | |||
11.5. Governing Law; Jurisdiction |
A-57 | |||
11.6. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL |
A-57 | |||
11.7. Specific Performance |
A-58 | |||
11.8. Severability |
A-58 | |||
11.9. Amendment |
A-58 | |||
11.10. Waiver |
A-58 | |||
11.11. Entire Agreement |
A-58 | |||
11.12. Interpretation |
A-59 | |||
11.13. Counterparts |
A-59 | |||
11.14. Seller Representative |
A-60 | |||
11.15. Acknowledgement; Waiver of Conflicts; Retention of Privilege |
A-61 | |||
XII. DEFINITIONS |
A-63 | |||
12.1. Certain Definitions |
A-63 | |||
12.2. Section References |
A-74 |
INDEX OF EXHIBITS
Exhibit |
Description |
|
Exhibit A | Form of Voting Agreement | |
Exhibit B | Form of Letter of Transmittal | |
Exhibit C | Form of Lock-Up Agreement | |
Exhibit D | Form of Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement | |
Exhibit E | Form of Registration Rights Agreement |
A-iii
This Agreement and Plan of Merger (this Agreement ) is made and entered into as of November 30, 2017 by and among (i) Forum Merger Corporation , a Delaware corporation (the Parent ), (ii) FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp. , a Delaware corporation ( Merger Sub I ) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, (iii) FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC , a Delaware limited liability company ( Merger Sub II and together with Merger Sub I, the Merger Subs ) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Parent, (iv) Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P. , a Delaware limited partnership, in the capacity as the representative from and after the Effective Time (as defined below) for the Company Securityholders in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement (the Seller Representative ), and (v) C1 Investment Corp. , a Delaware corporation (the Company ). The Parent, the Merger Subs, the Seller Representative and the Company are sometimes referred to herein individually as a Party and, collectively, as the Parties .
RECITALS:
WHEREAS , the Company, directly and indirectly through its subsidiaries, provides information technology collaboration and technology solutions for large and medium enterprises, including for the collaboration, enterprise networking and data center, cloud and security markets;
WHEREAS , the Parent owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of equity securities of the Merger Subs, each of which was formed for the sole purpose of the Mergers (as defined below);
WHEREAS , the Parties intend to effect: (a) the merger of the Merger Sub I with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation (the First Merger ), as a result of which all of the issued and outstanding capital stock, options and warrants, of the Company, immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and retired and shall cease to exist, and each certificate or other instrument previously representing any such shares, options or warrants shall thereafter represent the right to receive a Pro Rata Share (as defined herein) of the Total Consideration (as defined herein), all upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law (as amended, the DGCL ), all in accordance with the terms of this Agreement; and (b) as part of the same overall transaction as the First Merger, a merger of the surviving corporation of the First Merger with and into Merger Sub II with Merger Sub II continuing as the surviving entity (the Second Merger and together with the First Merger, the Mergers );
WHEREAS , the (a) boards of directors of the Company, the Parent and Merger Sub I and (b) the managing member of Merger Sub II, have each (i) determined that the Merger is fair, advisable and in the best interests of their respective companies and stockholders (as applicable) and (ii) approved this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth herein;
WHEREAS , the boards of directors of each of the Company, the Parent and Merger Sub I have determined to recommend to their respective stockholders the approval and adoption of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby, including the First Merger;
WHEREAS , the Company has provided to the Parent voting and support agreements in the form attached as Exhibit A hereto (collectively, the Voting Agreements ) signed by the Company and Company Stockholders (as defined herein) representing in the aggregate the Required Company Stockholder Approval (as defined herein);
WHEREAS , the Parties intend that for U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes, (i) the Merger will qualify as a tax-free reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code (as defined herein) and (ii) this Agreement shall constitute a plan of reorganization within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a);
WHEREAS , the Parent on or about the date hereof has obtained commitments from certain investors for a private placement of Parent Common Shares (as defined herein) (the PIPE Investment ), each such private
A-1
placement to be consummated immediately prior to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (other than the Deferred PIPE Closing (as defined herein)); and
WHEREAS , certain capitalized terms used herein are defined in Article XII hereof.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises set forth above, which are incorporated in this Agreement as if fully set forth below, and the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the Parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
MERGERS
1.1 Mergers .
(a) The First Merger . At the Effective Time, and subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement, and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL, Merger Sub I and the Company shall consummate the First Merger, pursuant to which Merger Sub I shall be merged with and into the Company, following which the separate corporate existence of Merger Sub I shall cease and the Company shall continue as the surviving corporation. The Company, as the surviving corporation after the First Merger, is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the Surviving Corporation (provided, that references to the Company for periods after the Effective Time until the Second Effective Time shall include the Surviving Corporation).
(b) The Second Merger . At the Second Effective Time, and subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement, and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DLLCA, the Surviving Corporation shall be merged with and into Merger Sub II, and the separate existence of the Surviving Corporation shall cease and Merger Sub II will continue as the surviving entity. Merger Sub II, as the surviving entity after the Second Merger, is hereinafter sometimes referred to as the Surviving Entity (provided, that references to the Company or the Surviving Corporation for periods after the Second Effective Time shall include the Surviving Entity).
1.2 Effective Time . The Parties hereto shall cause the First Merger to be consummated by filing a certificate of merger for the merger of Merger Sub I with and into the Company (the Certificate of First Merger ) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL (the time of such filing, or the later effective time of the merger as specified in the Certificate of Merger, being the Effective Time ). As soon as practicable following the Effective Time, but no later than one (1) Business Day following the Effective Time, Parent shall cause the Second Merger to be consummated by filing a certificate of merger with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the Certificate of Second Merger and together with the Certificate of First Merger, the Certificates of Merger ), in accordance with the relevant provisions of the DGCL and the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the DLLCA ) (the time of such filing, or the later effective time of the Second Merger as specified in the Certificate of Second Merger, being the Second Effective Time ).
1.3 Effect of the Mergers .
(a) At the Effective Time, the effect of the First Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement, the Certificate of First Merger and the applicable provisions of the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, agreements, powers and franchises, debts, Liabilities, duties and obligations of Merger Sub I and the Company shall become the property, rights, privileges, agreements, powers and franchises, debts, Liabilities, duties and obligations of the Surviving Corporation, which shall include the assumption by the Surviving Corporation of any and all agreements, covenants, duties and obligations of Merger Sub I and the Company set forth in this Agreement to be performed after the Effective Time.
(b) At the Second Effective Time, the effect of the Second Merger shall be as provided in this Agreement, the Certificate of Second Merger and the applicable provisions of the DLLCA. Without limiting the
A-2
generality of the foregoing, and subject thereto, at the Second Effective Time, all the property, rights, privileges, agreements, powers and franchises, debts, Liabilities, duties and obligations of Merger Sub II and the Surviving Corporation shall become the property, rights, privileges, agreements, powers and franchises, debts, Liabilities, duties and obligations of the Surviving Entity, which shall include the assumption by the Surviving Entity of any and all agreements, covenants, duties and obligations of Merger Sub II and the Surviving Corporation set forth in this Agreement to be performed after the Second Effective Time.
1.4 Tax Treatment .
(a) For U.S. federal and applicable state and local income tax purposes, the Mergers together are intended to constitute a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Code. The Parties adopt this Agreement as a plan of reorganization within the meaning of Sections 1.368-2(g) and 1.368-3(a) of the United States Treasury Regulations and will take no action (and will not fail to take any action) that would reasonably be expected to cause the Mergers to fail to qualify as a reorganization.
(b) Notwithstanding any provision of this Agreement, the allocation of Total Consideration as among cash and Parent Common Shares allocable to Company Securityholders shall be adjusted, by decreasing the cash portion and correspondingly increasing the portion of Total Consideration paid in Parent Common Shares, if and to the extent necessary to assure that the Company Securityholders receive sufficient Parent Common Shares such that, when aggregated with Parent Common Shares previously paid as Total Consideration to the Company Securityholders (if any), the amount of Parent Common Shares is not less than the minimum amount of Parent Common Shares necessary to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a reorganization under Section 368(a)(1)(A) of the Code.
1.5 Organizational Documents . At the Effective Time, the certificate of incorporation and bylaws of the Company as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall cease and the certificate of incorporation and by-laws of Merger Sub I as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, shall be the charter documents of the Surviving Corporation. At the Second Effective Time, the certificate of formation and operating agreement of Merger Sub II as in effect immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be the certificate of formation and operating agreement of the Surviving Entity until thereafter amended in accordance with its terms and as provided by applicable Law, except that the name of the Surviving Entity in such certificate of formation and operating agreement shall be amended to be C1 Investment LLC.
1.6 Directors and Officers of the Surviving Corporation Entity . Immediately after the Effective Time, the board of directors and executive officers of the Surviving Corporation shall be the board of directors and executive officers of the Parent after giving effect to Section 6.17 . Immediately after the Second Effective Time, the executive officers of the Surviving Entity shall be the executive officers of the Parent after giving effect to Section 6.17 .
1.7 Merger Consideration . Subject to and upon the terms and conditions of this Agreement:
(a) The aggregate consideration to be paid to the Company Securityholders at the Closing (subject to adjustment in accordance with Section 1.12 ) pursuant to the Mergers (the Merger Consideration ) shall be equal to an amount equal to (i) the Enterprise Value, minus (ii) the Closing Indebtedness, plus (iii) the Closing Cash, plus (iv) the Net Acquisition Amount, if any (which such amount of Merger Consideration, for the avoidance of doubt, includes the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount to be paid after the Closing for the Deferred Payment in accordance with Section 1.7(e) below). Additionally, the Company Securityholders will have the contingent right to receive the Earnout Payments (together with the Merger Consideration, the Total Consideration ) after the Closing in accordance with Article II below.
(b) Subject to the application of Section 1.4(b) , the Merger Consideration will be paid in the form of: (i) cash from the Parent and/or the Target Companies (the Cash Consideration ) in an amount equal to (A) the total cash and cash equivalents of Parent, including funds from the PIPE Investment and the remaining funds in the Trust Account, after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption (but for the avoidance of doubt before
A-3
giving effect to the payment of Transaction Expenses or Sponsor Loans paid at or in connection with the Closing in accordance with Section 6.18) (the amount in this clause (A), the Parent Cash ), plus (B) the Permitted Closing Cash, minus (C) Twenty-Five Million U.S. Dollars ($25,000,000); (ii) a number of Parent Common Shares, valued at the Redemption Price per share, equal to (A) the Merger Consideration, minus (B) the Cash Consideration, minus (C) the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount (the Stock Consideration ); and (iii) a deferred payment equal to the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount (the Deferred Payment ) to be paid upon the consummation of the Deferred PIPE Closing in accordance with Section 1.7(e) below.
(c) Each Company Securityholder shall be entitled to receive such Company Securityholders respective Pro Rata Share of the Cash Consideration, the Stock Consideration, the Deferred Payment, the Earnout Cash Payments and the Earnout Stock Payments. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, solely for purposes of calculating each Company Securityholders Pro Rata Share of the Merger Consideration or any component thereof, including the Cash Consideration, the Stock Consideration and the Deferred Payment (but for the avoidance of doubt, not the aggregate Merger Consideration, or any component thereof, payable by the Parent), the aggregate exercise price of all issued and outstanding Company Options as of the Effective Time shall be added to the Merger Consideration.
(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing in this Section 1.7 , the Merger Consideration is subject to any post-Closing adjustments to the Merger Consideration pursuant to Section 1.12 or adjustments pursuant to Section 1.13 .
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Parties acknowledge and agree that a portion of the Merger Consideration equal to the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount is being deferred at the Closing and will not be paid until the Deferred PIPE Closing is consummated in accordance with the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement. Within three (3) Business Days after the consummation of the Deferred PIPE Closing, the Parent will pay the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount in cash to the Company Securityholders as the Deferred Payment hereunder. In the event that the PIPE Investor for the Deferred PIPE Closing defaults on the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement and does not consummate the Deferred PIPE Closing in accordance with the terms thereof, and such default continues for a period of five (5) Business Days thereafter, the Parent shall, in lieu of the cash payment for the Deferred Payment hereunder and in satisfaction of its obligations with respect to the Deferred Payment, instead issue to the Company Securityholders the Parent Common Shares that the Parent was otherwise required to issue to the PIPE Investor at the Deferred PIPE Closing under the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement if such PIPE Investor had closed thereunder in accordance with the terms thereof.
(f) Notwithstanding the foregoing in this Section 1.7 , in the event that it is reasonably expected by the Parties that immediately after the Closing, the Company Securityholders in the aggregate would fail to own at least 50.1% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Parent, the Seller Representative shall (in its sole discretion) have the option at any time prior to the Closing to increase the amount of Stock Consideration and decrease the amount of Cash Consideration (proportionately so as to maintain the aggregate Merger Consideration as determined pursuant to Section 1.7(b) ) to be delivered by the Parent to the Company Securityholders at the Closing pursuant to this Section 1.7 , in such amounts so that it is reasonably expected by the Parties that immediately after the Closing, the Company Securityholders in the aggregate would own at least 50.1% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Parent.
1.8 Effect of First Merger on Company Securities . At the Effective Time, by virtue of the First Merger and without any action on the part of any Party or any Company Securityholder or the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Parent or Merger Sub I:
(a) Company Stock . Subject to clause (b) below, all shares of Company Stock issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time, whether vested or unvested, will be cancelled and automatically deemed for all purposes to represent the right to receive the Total Consideration, with each Company Stockholder being entitled to receiving its Pro Rata Share of the Closing Consideration (and thereafter the Deferred Payment, any additional Parent Common Shares pursuant to Section 1.12 and any Earnout Payments in accordance with this
A-4
Agreement), without interest, upon surrender of their stock certificates representing Company Stock (the Company Certificates ) (or a Lost Certificate Affidavit) and delivery of the other Transmittal Documents required under Section 1.10 . As of the Effective Time, each Company Stockholder shall cease to have any other rights in and to the Company or the Surviving Corporation or Surviving Entity (other than the rights set forth in Section 1.13 below).
(b) Treasury Stock . Notwithstanding clause (a) above or any other provision of this Agreement to the contrary, at the Effective Time, if there are any Company Securities that are owned by the Company as treasury shares or any Company Securities owned by any direct or indirect Subsidiary of the Company immediately prior to the Effective Time, such Company Securities shall be canceled and shall cease to exist without any conversion thereof or payment therefor.
(c) Dissenting Shares . Each of the Dissenting Shares issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be cancelled and cease to exist in accordance with Section 1.13 and shall thereafter represent only the right to receive the applicable payments set forth in Section 1.13 .
(d) Company Convertible Securities .
(i) Each outstanding Company Convertible Security (other than Company Options), (A) if not exercised or converted prior to such time, shall be cancelled, retired and terminated and cease to represent a right to acquire, be exchanged for or convert into shares of Company Stock or (B) if exercised prior to such time, shall have the resulting shares of capital stock of the Company issued upon such exercise treated as outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company, and such holders shall be considered Company Stockholders for purposes of this Agreement. The Company shall, prior to the Effective Time, take all actions as are necessary in order to effectuate the actions contemplated by this Section 1.8(d) and to ensure that no holder of any Company Convertible Securities (other than Company Options) shall have any rights from and after the Effective Time with respect to such Company Convertible Securities; provided that such actions shall expressly be conditioned upon the consummation of the Mergers and shall be of no force or effect if this Agreement is terminated.
(ii) Each outstanding Company Option that is unvested as of the Effective Time shall become fully vested and exercisable as of the Effective Time (each such Company Option subject to such accelerated vesting, an Accelerated Option ). Each Company Option that is outstanding and unexercised as of the Effective Time shall be converted into the right to receive, with respect to each share of Company Stock subject to such Company Option, and without interest, (A) an amount of Merger Consideration equal to the Pro Rata Share of the Merger Consideration applicable to such share of Company Stock subject to such Company Option minus the per-share exercise price of such Company Option (for the avoidance of doubt, with the Merger Consideration determined in accordance with Section 1.7(c)), which such amount of Merger Consideration shall be payable (or issuable) in the forms and at the times set forth in this Agreement as if the holder of such Company Option was a Company Stockholder; and (B) the Pro Rata Share of Earnout Payments applicable to such share of Company Stock subject to such Company Option, which Earnout Payments shall be payable (or issuable) in the forms and at the times set forth in this Agreement as if the holder of such Company Option was a Company Stockholder; provided, however, that in order to receive an installment of applicable Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Payments associated with an Accelerated Option, the holder of such Accelerated Option must be an employee, director or consultant of Parent or the Surviving Entity or their respective Subsidiaries at the time such installment is paid or issued, and must deliver a duly executed Option Cancellation Agreement prior to the Closing accepting the treatment of such Accelerated Option as set forth in this Agreement. All consideration pursuant to this Section 1.8(d)(ii) shall be processed through Parents or the Surviving Corporations payroll system, and shall be paid in accordance with standard payroll practices and subject to any required withholding for applicable Taxes. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no consideration will be payable or issuance with respect to a Company Option unless the holder of such Company Option has made arrangements for payment of withholding taxes with respect to such consideration, including payment of additional cash to Parent or the Surviving Corporation, if the Cash Consideration paid on a particular date is insufficient to provide for the withholding with respect to such consideration.
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1.9 Effect of First Merger on Merger Sub I Stock; Effect of Second Merger on Merger Sub II Membership Interests and Surviving Corporation Stock .
(a) At the Effective Time, by virtue of the First Merger and without any action on the part of any Party or any Company Securityholder or the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Parent or Merger Sub I, each Merger Sub I Common Share outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall be converted into an equal number of shares of common stock of the Surviving Corporation, with the same rights, powers and privileges as the shares so converted and shall constitute the only outstanding shares of capital stock of the Surviving Corporation.
(b) At the Second Effective Time, by virtue of the Second Merger and without any action on the part of any Party or any Company Securityholder or the holders of any shares of capital stock of the Parent, the Surviving Corporation or Merger Sub II: (i) each share of common stock of the Surviving Corporation outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be canceled and shall cease to exist without any conversion thereof or payment therefor; and (ii) each membership interest of Merger Sub II outstanding immediately prior to the Second Effective Time shall be converted into a membership interest of the Surviving Entity, with the rights as set forth in the operating agreement of the Surviving Entity, and shall constitute the only outstanding membership interests of the Surviving Entity.
1.10 Surrender of Company Securities and Disbursement of Merger Consideration .
(a) Subject to Section 1.13 and the provisions of this Section 1.10 , at the Effective Time, the Parent shall deliver, or cause to be delivered to the Company Securityholders (the Closing Consideration ): (i) the Estimated Cash Consideration and (ii) the Estimated Stock Consideration, with each Company Securityholder receiving its Pro Rata Share of such Closing Consideration. The Estimated Cash Consideration shall be paid to each Company Securityholder via wire transfer of immediately available funds in accordance with instructions provided by such Company Securityholder in the Letter of Transmittal at least two (2) Business Days prior to the Closing Date to the Company and the Parent.
(b) Prior to the Effective Time, the Company shall send to each Company Securityholder a letter of transmittal for use in such exchange in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (a Letter of Transmittal ) (which shall specify that the delivery of share certificates in respect of the Stock Consideration shall be effected, and risk of loss and title shall pass, only upon proper delivery of the Company Certificates to the Company (or a Lost Certificate Affidavit) for use in such exchange. The Estimated Stock Consideration shall be delivered via book entry issuance.
(c) Each Company Securityholder shall be entitled to receive its Pro Rata Share of the Closing Consideration in respect of the Company Stock represented by the Company Certificate(s) (excluding any Company Securities described in Sections 1.8(b) or 1.8(c) ), as soon as reasonably practicable after the Effective Time, but subject to the prior delivery to the Company (with copies to the Parent) of the following items (collectively, the Transmittal Documents ): (i) for the Company Stockholders, the Company Certificate(s) for its Company Stock (or a Lost Certificate Affidavit), together with a properly completed and duly executed Letter of Transmittal and such other documents as may be reasonably requested by the Company or the Parent, (ii) a duly executed counterpart to the lock-up agreement with the Parent, effective as of the Effective Time, substantially in the form attached as Exhibit C hereto (each, a Lock-Up Agreement ), (iii) for the Company Stockholders holding shares of Company Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time, a duly executed counterpart to the Registration Rights Agreement and (iv) for holders of Company Options (including vested Company Options), a duly executed option cancellation agreement, effective as of the Effective Time, in a form to be reasonably agreed upon by Parent and the Company (each, an Option Cancellation Agreement ). Until so surrendered and/or submitted (as applicable), each Company Security shall represent after the Effective Time for all purposes only the right to receive the portion of the Total Consideration attributable to such Company Security.
(d) If any portion of the Total Consideration is to be delivered or issued to a Person other than the Person in whose name the surrendered Company Certificate is registered immediately prior to the Effective
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Time, it shall be a condition to such delivery that (i) the transfer of such Company Stock shall have been permitted in accordance with the terms of the Companys Organizational Documents and the Companys Stockholders Agreement, each as in effect immediately prior to the Effective Time, (ii) such Company Certificate shall be properly endorsed or shall otherwise be in proper form for transfer and (iii) the recipient such portion of the Total Consideration, or the Person in whose name such portion of the Total Consideration is delivered or issued, shall have already executed and delivered counterparts to the Lock-Up Agreement, Registration Rights Agreement, if applicable, the Option Cancellation Agreement, if applicable, and such other Transmittal Documents as are reasonably deemed necessary by the Company or the Parent and (iv) the Person requesting such delivery shall pay to the Parent any transfer or other Taxes required as a result of such delivery to a Person other than the registered holder of such Company Certificate or establish to the satisfaction of the Company and the Parent that such Tax has been paid or is not payable.
(e) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in the event that any Company Certificate shall have been lost, stolen or destroyed, in lieu of delivery of a Company Certificate to the Company, the Company Stockholder may instead deliver to the Company an affidavit of lost certificate and indemnity of loss in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Parent and the Company (a Lost Certificate Affidavit ), which at the reasonable discretion of the Parent may include a requirement that the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed Company Certificate deliver a bond in such sum as it may reasonably direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Parent or the Surviving Corporation with respect to the shares of Company Stock represented by the Company Certificates alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed. Any Lost Certificate Affidavit properly delivered in accordance with this Section 1.10(e) shall be treated as a Company Certificate for all purposes of this Agreement.
(f) Any holders of Company Convertible Securities who have properly exercised or converted their Company Convertible Securities into Company Stock prior to the Effective Time but have not yet received Company Certificates in respect thereof may in lieu of a Company Certificate deliver to the Company their certificate or other instrument for the Company Convertible Securities and other evidence that they have properly and timely exercised or converted their Company Convertible Securities, along with a Lost Certificate Affidavit and the other Transmittal Documents.
(g) After the Effective Time, there shall be no further registration of transfers of Company Stock. If, after the Effective Time, Company Certificates are presented to the Surviving Corporation or the Parent, they shall be canceled and exchanged for the applicable portion of the Total Consideration provided for, and in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.10 . No dividends or other distributions declared or made after the date of this Agreement with respect to Parent Common Shares with a record date after the Effective Time will be paid to the holders of any Company Certificates that have not yet been surrendered with respect to the Parent Common Shares to be issued upon surrender thereof until the holders of record of such Company Certificates shall surrender such certificates (or provide a Lost Certificate Affidavit in lieu thereof) and provide the other Transmittal Documents. Subject to applicable Law, following surrender of any such Company Certificates (or delivery of a Lost Certificate Affidavit in lieu thereof) and delivery of the other Transmittal Documents, Parent shall promptly deliver to the record holders thereof, without interest, the certificates representing the Parent Common Shares issued in exchange therefor and the amount of any such dividends or other distributions with a record date after the Effective Time theretofore paid with respect to such Parent Common Shares.
(h) All securities issued upon the surrender and cancellation of Company Stock in accordance with the terms hereof, together with the right of the holder thereof to receive such holders Pro Rata Share of each of the Closing Consideration, the Deferred Payment, any additional Parent Common Shares pursuant to Section 1.12 and any Earnout Payments, in each case, with respect to such Company Stock, shall be deemed to have been issued in full satisfaction of all rights pertaining to such Company Stock. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, none of the Surviving Corporation, the Parent or any Party hereto shall be liable to any Person for any amount properly paid to a public official pursuant to any applicable abandoned property, escheat or similar Law.
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(i) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, no fraction of a Parent Common Share will be issued by virtue of the First Merger or the transactions contemplated hereby, and each Person who would otherwise be entitled to a fraction of a Parent Common Share (after aggregating all fractional Parent Common Shares that otherwise would be received by such holder) shall instead have the number of Parent Common Shares issued to such Person rounded up in the aggregate to the nearest whole Parent Common Share.
1.11 Closing Calculations .
(a) Not later than the third (3 rd ) Business Day prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver to the Parent a statement certified by the Companys chief financial officer (the Estimated Company Statement ) setting forth (i) an estimated consolidated balance sheet of the Target Companies as of the Reference Time, prepared in good faith and in accordance with the Accounting Principles, (ii) a good faith estimate, with reasonably detailed calculation of the Permitted Closing Cash as of the Closing (the Estimated Permitted Closing Cash ) and (iii) a good faith estimate, with reasonably detailed calculations, of (A) the Closing Indebtedness (the Estimated Closing Indebtedness ), (B) the Closing Cash (the Estimated Closing Cash ) and (C) the Net Acquisition Amount (the Estimated Net Acquisition Amount ), and the resulting estimated amount of the Merger Consideration as of the Closing (the Estimated Merger Consideration ); provided , that the Company will consider in good faith Parents comments to the Estimated Company Statement, and if any adjustments are made to the Estimated Company Statement prior to the Closing, such adjusted Estimated Company Statement shall thereafter become the Estimated Company Statement for all purposes of this Agreement. The Estimated Company Statement and the determinations contained therein shall be prepared in accordance with the Accounting Principles and otherwise in accordance with this Agreement.
(b) On the Business Day prior to the Closing Date, the Parent shall deliver to the Company a statement certified by the Parents chief executive officer (the Estimated Parent Statement ) setting forth a good faith estimate, with reasonably detailed calculations, of (i) the Parent Cash as of the Closing (the Estimated Parent Cash ), and (ii) the resulting estimates of the Cash Consideration (the Estimated Cash Consideration ), Stock Consideration (the Estimated Stock Consideration ) and Closing Consideration based on the Estimated Parent Cash set forth in the Estimated Parent Statement and the Estimated Merger Consideration, Estimated Closing Cash and the Estimated Permitted Closing Cash set forth in the Estimated Company Statement; provided , that, the Parent will consider in good faith the Companys comments to the Estimated Parent Statement, and if any adjustments are made to the Estimated Parent Statement prior to the Closing, such adjusted Estimated Parent Statement shall thereafter become the Estimated Parent Statement for all purposes of this Agreement.
1.12 Final Post-Closing Adjustments and Calculations .
(a) Within ninety (90) days after the Closing Date, the disinterested independent directors of the Board of Directors of Parent, acting by majority approval of such directors (the Parent Representative ), shall deliver to the Seller Representative a statement (the Closing Statement ) setting forth a good faith calculation of the Closing Indebtedness, the Closing Cash, the Net Acquisition Amount and the resulting amount of Merger Consideration. The Closing Statement shall be prepared, and the Closing Indebtedness, the Closing Cash, the Net Acquisition Amount and the resulting Merger Consideration shall be determined in accordance with the Accounting Principles and otherwise in accordance with this Agreement. The Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the Seller Representative shall, and shall cause their respective Representatives to, cooperate with the Parent Representative and its Representatives in the preparation of the Closing Statement, as reasonably requested by the Parent Representative and its Representatives, including providing reasonable access to the books, records, files, facilities and personnel of the Target Companies. After delivery of the Closing Statement, the Seller Representative and its Representatives shall be permitted reasonable access at reasonable times to review the Surviving Corporations and its Subsidiaries books, records and any work papers to the extent such books, records and work papers are related to the preparation of the Closing Statement. The Seller Representative and its Representatives may make inquiries of the Parent Representative, the Parent, the Surviving Corporation, its Subsidiaries and their respective Representatives regarding questions concerning or disagreements with the Closing Statement arising in the course of their review thereof, and the Parent Representative, the Parent, the
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Surviving Corporation and its Subsidiaries shall each use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause any such Representative to cooperate with and respond to such inquiries. If the Seller Representative has any objections to the Closing Statement, the Seller Representative shall deliver to the Parent Representative a statement setting forth its objections thereto (in reasonable detail) (an Objection Statement ). If an Objection Statement is not delivered to the Parent Representative within thirty (30) days following the date of delivery of the Closing Statement, the Closing Statement, all determinations set forth therein, and the resulting Final Merger Consideration set forth therein, shall be final, binding and non-appealable by the Parties. If an Objection Statement is delivered within such thirty (30) day period, the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative shall negotiate in good faith to resolve any such objections for a period of twenty (20) days thereafter. If the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative do not reach a final resolution within such twenty (20) day period, then upon the written request of either the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative, the Parties will refer the dispute to the Independent Expert for final resolution of the dispute in accordance with Section 1.12(b) . The Parties acknowledge that any information provided pursuant to this Section 1.12 will be subject to the confidentiality obligations of Section 6.14 .
(b) If a dispute with respect to the Closing Statement is submitted in accordance with this Section 1.12 to the Independent Expert for final resolution, the Parties will follow the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12(b) . Each of the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative agrees to execute, if requested by the Independent Expert, a reasonable engagement letter with respect to the determination to be made by the Independent Expert. All fees and expenses of the Independent Expert will be borne by the Parent. The Independent Expert will determine only those issues still in dispute as of the Independent Expert Notice Date and the Independent Experts determination will be based solely upon and consistent with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. The determination by the Independent Expert will be based solely on presentations with respect to such disputed items by the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative to the Independent Expert and not on the Independent Experts independent review; provided, that such presentations will be deemed to include any work papers, records, accounts or similar materials delivered to the Independent Expert by the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative in connection with such presentations and any materials delivered to the Independent Expert in response to requests by the Independent Expert. With respect to any disputed item, the Independent Experts calculations shall be no greater than the highest amount calculated with respect to such item by the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative, as the case may be, and no lower than the lowest amount calculated with respect to such item by the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative, as the case may be. Each of the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative will use their reasonable efforts to make their respective presentations as promptly as practicable following submission to the Independent Expert of the disputed items, and each such Party will be entitled, as part of its presentation, to respond to the presentation of the other Party and any questions and requests of the Independent Expert. In deciding any matter, the Independent Expert will be bound by the provisions of this Agreement, including this Section 1.12 . It is the intent of the parties hereto that the Independent Expert procedures and the activities of the Independent Expert in connection herewith are not (and should not be considered to be or treated as) an arbitration proceeding or similar arbitral process and that no formal arbitration rules should be followed (including rules with respect to procedures and discovery). The Seller Representative and the Parent Representative will request that the Independent Experts determination be made within forty-five (45) days after its engagement, or as soon thereafter as possible, will be set forth in a written statement delivered to the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative and will be final, conclusive, non-appealable and binding for all purposes hereunder (other than for Fraud or manifest error). The final amount of the Merger Consideration as determined either pursuant to Section 1.12(a) or this Section 1.12(b) is referred to herein as the Final Merger Consideration .
(c) For purposes hereof, the term Adjustment Amount shall mean (x) the Final Merger Consideration as finally determined in accordance with this Section 1.12 , less (y) the Estimated Merger Consideration; provided, that, in the event that the absolute value of the Adjustment Amount is less than Two Million U.S. Dollars ($2,000,000), the Adjustment Amount shall be equal to zero dollars ($0.00). If the Adjustment Amount is a positive number, then within five (5) Business Days after the determination of the Final Merger Consideration, the Parent shall issue to the Company Securityholders an additional number of Parent Common Shares equal to
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the Adjustment Amount, with each Parent Common Share valued at the Redemption Price (but subject to Section 1.10(i) ), with each Company Securityholder receiving its Pro Rata Share of such additional Parent Common Shares. If the Adjustment Amount is a negative amount, then within five (5) Business Days after the determination of the Final Merger Consideration, the Company Securityholder, based on each Company Securityholders Pro Rata Share, shall deliver to the Parent a number of Parent Common Shares equal to the absolute value of the Adjustment Amount, with each such Parent Common Share valued at the Redemption Price. If any Company Securityholder fails to deliver their Parent Common Shares to the Parent as required by this Section 1.12(c) , then, at the sole discretion of the Parent Representative and without limiting any other rights of the Parent under this Agreement or any Ancillary Document or at law or equity, the Parent Representative on behalf of the Parent may offset the full amount to which the Parent is entitled, in whole or in part, by reducing the amount of any payment or other obligation due to such Company Securityholder pursuant to this Agreement or any Ancillary Document, including any Earnout Payment. Additionally, each Company Securityholder in the Letter of Transmittal shall appoint and authorize the Parent Representative as their attorney-in-fact to transfer to Parent any Parent Common Shares as required by this Section 1.12(c) , and the Parent Representative may transfer such equity and cancel the stock certificates for such equity on the Parents books and records.
1.13 Appraisal and Dissenters Rights . No Company Stockholder who has validly exercised its appraisal rights pursuant to Section 262 of the DGCL (a Dissenting Stockholder ) with respect to its Company Stock (such shares, Dissenting Shares ) shall be entitled to receive any portion of the Total Consideration with respect to the Dissenting Shares owned by such Dissenting Stockholder unless and until such Dissenting Stockholder shall have effectively withdrawn or lost its appraisal rights under the DGCL. Each Dissenting Stockholder shall be entitled to receive only the payment resulting from the procedure set forth in Section 262 of the DGCL with respect to the Dissenting Shares owned by such Dissenting Stockholder. The Company shall give the Parent and the Parent Representative (i) prompt notice of any written demands for appraisal, attempted withdrawals of such demands, and any other instruments served pursuant to applicable Laws that are received by the Company relating to any Dissenting Stockholders rights of appraisal and (ii) the opportunity to direct all negotiations and proceedings with respect to demand for appraisal under the DGCL. The Company shall not, except with the prior written consent of the Parent and the Parent Representative, voluntarily make any payment with respect to any demands for appraisal, offer to settle or settle any such demands or approve any withdrawal of any such demands. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Dissenting Stockholders shall have no rights to any portion of the Total Consideration with respect to any Dissenting Shares.
1.14 Taking of Necessary Action; Further Action . If, at any time after the Effective Time, any further action is necessary or desirable to carry out the purposes of this Agreement and to vest the Surviving Corporation following the First Merger and the Surviving Entity following the Second Merger with full right, title and possession to all assets, property, rights, privileges, powers and franchises of the Company and the Merger Subs, the officers and directors or members (as applicable) of the Company and the Merger Subs are fully authorized in the name of their respective corporations or otherwise to take, and will take, all such lawful and necessary action, so long as such action is not inconsistent with this Agreement.
ARTICLE II EARNOUT
2.1 Earnout Payments .
(a) After the Closing, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein, the Company Securityholders shall have the contingent right to receive additional consideration from the Parent based on the performance of the Parent if the requirements as set forth in this Article II are achieved. In the event that (i) EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2018 and using the Measurement Methodologies) exceeds One Hundred Forty-Four Million U.S. Dollars ($144,000,000) (the 2018 Target ), (ii) EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2019 and using the Measurement Methodologies ) exceeds One Hundred Fifty-Five Million U.S. Dollars ($155,000,000) (the 2019 Target ), or (iii) EBITDA (measured at any applicable Measurement Date occurring within calendar year 2020
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using the Measurement Methodologies) exceeds One Hundred Sixty-Five Million U.S. Dollars ($165,000,000) (the 2020 Target and together with the 2018 Target and 2019 Target, the Earnout Targets and each of calendar years 2018, 2019 and 2020 an Earnout Year ), in each case, at any time during the period beginning on and including the Closing Date and ending on and including December 31, 2020 (the Earnout Period ), then for each Earnout Target that is achieved as of a given Measurement Date, the Company Securityholders shall receive additional consideration (in accordance with their respective Pro Rata Shares) from the Parent (a Regular Earnout Payment ) of (A) Three Million Three Hundred Thousand (3,300,000) Parent Common Shares (which shall be equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the Closing) (an Earnout Stock Payment ) and (B) cash in an amount equal to Thirty-Three Million U.S. Dollars ($33,000,000) (an Earnout Cash Payment ). For the avoidance of doubt, the Company Securityholders shall have the right to receive no more than three Regular Earnout Payments during the Earnout Period, and the aggregate sum of all Earnout Stock Payments and Earnout Cash Payments payable hereunder (assuming all three Earnout Targets are achieved during the Earnout Period), shall be a maximum of 9,900,000 Parent Common Shares and $99,000,000, respectively.
(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that at the time that payment of an Earnout Cash Payment is due pursuant to Section 2.1(g) , such Earnout Cash Payment is an amount the payment of which would exceed either (A) the amount of cash available to Parent (including by means of distribution from its Subsidiaries) that is permitted to be distributed and paid (as applicable) without breaching the terms of any agreement related to Indebtedness of Parent or its Subsidiaries at the time such payment is due, including but not limited to the Loan Agreements (such amount, the Permitted Agreement Payment Amount ), or (B) the amount payable by Parent and its Subsidiaries without causing the ratio of Indebtedness of Parent and its Subsidiaries (on a consolidated basis) to EBITDA (as measured on the applicable Measurement Date with respect to such Earnout Payment using the Measurement Methodologies, and assuming full payment of the Earnout Cash Payment) to exceed 4.5 to 1 (such amount, the Permitted Leverage Payment Amount , and the lesser of (1) the Permitted Agreement Payment Amount and (2) the Permitted Leverage Payment Amount, the Permitted Cash Payment ), then, with respect to the portion of the Earnout Cash Payment in excess of the Permitted Cash Payment (such portion, the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall ), the Seller Representative will (in its sole discretion and subject to Section 2.2 ), either (i) direct Parent to deliver to the Company Securityholders a number of additional Parent Common Shares with a value equal to the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall, valued based on the Parent Share Price measured on the applicable Measurement Date (provided, that, for any Measurement Date occurring prior to the twenty-first (21 st ) Trading Day after and including the Closing Date, the twenty (20) Trading Day period set forth in the definition of Parent Share Price shall be shortened to that number of Trading Days beginning on and including the Closing Date and ending on and including the Exchange Date) with respect to such Earnout Payment (the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Parent Shares ); or (ii) provide notice to Parent that it elects to defer payment of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall until the following Measurement Date. In the event that the Seller Representative elects to defer payment of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall pursuant to subsection (ii) of the preceding sentence, the Seller Representative shall have the option on each succeeding Measurement Date until the end of the Earnout Period to elect to be paid the applicable Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Parent Shares in full satisfaction of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall or to continue to defer payment of the Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall by providing notice to Parent of such election, subject to the determination of the maximum amount of the Permitted Cash Payment as described above in Section 2.1(b) . At the end of the Earnout Period, in the event that the Parent has not paid an Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall to the Company Securityholders, such Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall shall automatically be converted into a right for the Company Securityholders to receive Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Parent Shares (without any further action upon the part of the Seller Representative).
(c) In the event that the applicable Earnout Target is not achieved for any Earnout Year, the Company Securityholders shall not be entitled to receive any Regular Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year; provided , that in the event that (i) the 2018 Target is not achieved for the 2018 calendar year, but the 2019 Target is achieved for the 2019 calendar year or the 2020 Target is achieved for the 2020 calendar year, or (ii) the 2019 Target is not achieved for the 2019 calendar year, but the 2020 Target is achieved for the 2020 calendar year,
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then in either case, upon payment of the Regular Earnout Payment for the Earnout Years in which the applicable Earnout Target is achieved, the Parent shall also pay the Regular Earnout Payment for the prior Earnout Years in which the Earnout Target was not achieved (and where no Regular Earnout Payment was previously paid for such Earnout Year) (a Catchup Earnout Payment ), with the amount of the applicable Earnout Stock Payment and Earnout Cash Payment for such Catchup Earnout Payment subject to the determination of the maximum amount of the Permitted Cash Payment as described above in Section 2.1(b) .
(d) In the event that the EBITDA (as measured using the Measurement Methodologies) on any Measurement Date occurring within (i) the 2018 calendar year is in excess of the Earnout Target for a subsequent Earnout Year, then the Earnout Target for such subsequent Earnout Year shall also be deemed to have been achieved for such subsequent Earnout Year and the payment of the Regular Earnout Payment for such subsequent year shall be accelerated and paid by the Parent at the same time that the Regular Earnout Payment for the 2018 calendar year is paid or (ii) 2019 calendar year is in excess of the 2020 Target, then the 2020 Target for the 2020 calendar year shall also be deemed to have been achieved for the 2020 calendar year and the payment of the Regular Earnout Payment for the 2020 calendar year shall be accelerated and paid by the Parent at the same time that the Regular Earnout Payment for the 2019 calendar year is paid (any such accelerated Regular Earnout Payment hereunder, an Accelerated Earnout Payment ); provided, that the amount of the applicable Earnout Stock Payment and Earnout Cash Payment for such Accelerated Earnout Payment shall be subject to the determination of the maximum amount of the Permitted Cash Payment as described above in Section 2.1(b) .
(e) In the event that after the Closing and during the Earnout Period there is a Change of Control, then any Regular Earnout Payments that have not previously been paid by Parent (whether or not previously earned) shall be deemed earned (and the applicable Earnout Target achieved) and due by Parent to the Company Securityholders upon such Change of Control (a Change of Control Earnout Payment and together with any Catchup Earnout Payment, Accelerated Earnout Payment and Regular Earnout Payment, the Earnout Payments ); provided , that the amount of the applicable Earnout Stock Payment and Earnout Cash Payment for such Change of Control Earnout Payment shall be subject to the determination of Permitted Cash Payment as described above in Section 2.1(b) . For purposes hereof, a Change of Control means the occurrence, in a single transaction or as the result of a series of related transactions, of one or more of the following events: (i) a merger, consolidation, reorganization or similar business combination transaction involving the Parent in which the holders of all of the outstanding equity interests of the Parent immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction do not directly or indirectly (including through Affiliates) own beneficially or of record immediately upon the consummation of such transaction outstanding equity interests that represent a majority of the combined outstanding voting securities of the surviving entity in such transaction or of a parent of the surviving entity in such transaction; (ii) a transaction in which a majority of the Parents voting securities are transferred to any Person, or any two or more Persons acting as a group, and all Affiliates of such Person or Persons (each, a Group ), that were not directly or indirectly (including through Affiliates), beneficially or of record, equity holders of Parent prior to the consummation of such transaction (other than as a result of a sale of equity interests in a secondary transaction by a single Company Stockholder that is not otherwise approved by the disinterested independent directors of the board of directors of Parent); (iii) the consummation of the sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Parent and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, to any Group, other than such a sale to a Group in which the equity holders of the Parent, directly or indirectly (including through Affiliates), beneficially or of record, own a majority of the combined voting securities; or (iv) during any period of two consecutive years, the Continuing Directors cease to constitute at least a majority of the Post-Closing Parent Board (for purposes of this definition, the term Continuing Directors means the directors still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the two-year period or who were directors elected to the Post-Closing Parent Board and whose election or nomination was approved by the nominating committee of the Post-Closing Parent Board or, if there is no nominating committee, whose election or nomination was approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then still in office who were directors at the beginning of the two-year period or whose election to the Post-Closing Parent Board was previously so approved).
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(f) For the avoidance of doubt, (i) failure to qualify for a Regular Earnout Payment in any Earnout Year during the Earnout Period shall not prevent the Company Securityholders from being able to collectively receive (A) a Regular Earnout Payment in a subsequent Earnout Year during the Earnout Period, (B) a Catchup Earnout Payment in respect of such previous Earnout Year or (C) a Change of Control Earnout Payment in respect of such previous Earnout Year, and (ii) the Company Securityholders, whether due to a Catchup Earnout Payment, Accelerated Earnout Payment, Change of Control Earnout Payment or otherwise, shall not be entitled to receive more than one Earnout Payment attributable to each Earnout Year.
(g) If for any Earnout Year there is a final determination in accordance with Section 2.2 that the Company Securityholders are entitled to receive an Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year (or a Catchup Earnout Payment or Change of Control Earnout Payment for a prior Earnout Year), then such Earnout Payment will be due upon such final determination and the Parent will make such payment within ten (10) Business Days thereafter.
2.2 Earnout Procedures . As soon as practicable (but in any event within five (5) days) after the filing of the Companys quarterly financial statements on SEC Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ending on the applicable Measurement Date or, the annual financial statements on SEC Form 10-K (which, in each case, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be adjusted to reflect any pro forma adjustments pursuant to the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies) set forth in the Term Loan Agreement (as amended and supplemented through the date hereof)) for the fiscal year ending on the applicable Measurement Date, the Parents Chief Financial Officer (the CFO ) will prepare and deliver to the Parent Representative and Seller Representative a written statement (each, an Earnout Statement ) that sets forth the CFOs determination in accordance with the terms of this Article II of the EBITDA (measured as of the Measurement Date and using the Measurement Methodologies) for such Earnout Year based on the financial statements included in such Form 10-Q or Form 10-K (which, in each case, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be adjusted to reflect any pro forma adjustments pursuant to the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies) set forth in the Term Loan Agreement (as amended and supplemented through the date hereof)), and whether the Company Securityholders are entitled to receive a Regular Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year and any Catchup Earnout Payment for a prior Earnout Year or an Accelerated Earnout Payment for a subsequent Earnout Year, and the amount of such Earnout Payment that constitutes an Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall based on the information available at such time; provided , that , with respect to any Earnout Statement delivered for any Measurement Date within the first three (3) fiscal quarters of 2018, (i) EBITDA for each of the second and third fiscal quarters of 2017 will be based, in the first instance, on the Companys consolidated reviewed financial statement for fiscal year 2017 if available as of the applicable Measurement Date), or if such audited financial statements are not yet available as of the applicable Measurement Date, then, in the second instance, on the financial statements included in the Registration Statement (which, in each case, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be adjusted to reflect any pro forma adjustments pursuant to the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies) set forth in the Term Loan Agreement (as amended and supplemented through the date hereof)), and (ii) EBITDA for the fourth quarter of 2017 will be based, in the first instance on the Companys audited financial statements for fiscal year 2017 (if available as of the applicable Measurement Date), or if such audited financial statements are not yet available as of the applicable Measurement Date, then, in the second instance, on the Companys reviewed financial statement for the fourth fiscal quarter of 2017 (which, in each case, for the avoidance of doubt, shall be adjusted to reflect any pro forma adjustments pursuant to the calculation of Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies) set forth in the Term Loan Agreement (as amended and supplemented through the date hereof)). Each of the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative will have fifteen (15) days after its receipt of an Earnout Statement to review it. To the extent reasonably required to complete their respective reviews of such Earnout Statement, the Parent and its Subsidiaries will provide each of the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative and their respective Representatives with reasonable access to the books and records of the Parent and its Subsidiaries, their
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respective finance personnel and any other information that the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative reasonably requests relating to the determination of the EBITDA, the Regular Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year, any Catchup Earnout Payment for a prior Earnout Year, an Accelerated Earnout Payment for a subsequent Earnout Year and any Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall. In addition, and without limiting the foregoing, upon request of either Parent Representative or the Seller Representative, the CFO shall provide a written statement setting forth in reasonable detail the calculation of EBITDA as set forth in the applicable Earnout Statement and reasonable documentary support reflecting the basis of such calculation. Either the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative may deliver written notice to the CFO (by providing notice to the Parent to the attention of the CFO) and the other Party on or prior to the fifteen (15th) day after receipt of an Earnout Statement specifying in reasonable detail any items that they wish to dispute and the basis therefor. If the Seller Representative or the Parent Representative fails to deliver such written notice in such fifteen (15) day period, then such Party will have waived its right (and, with respect to the Seller Representative, the right of the Company Securityholders, and, with respect to the Parent Representative, the right of the Parent or its Subsidiaries) to contest such Earnout Statement and the calculations set forth therein of the EBITDA, the Regular Earnout Payment for such Earnout Year, any Catchup Earnout Payment for a prior Earnout Year or an Accelerated Earnout Payment for a subsequent Earnout Year. If either the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative provides the CFO and the other Party with written notice of any objections to the Earnout Statement in such fifteen (15) day period, then the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative will, for a period of twenty (20) days following the date of delivery of such notice, attempt to resolve their differences and any written resolution by them as to any disputed amount will be final and binding for all purposes under this Agreement. If at the conclusion of such twenty (20) day period the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative have not reached an agreement on any objections with respect to the Earnout Statement, then upon the written request of either Party the Parties will refer the dispute to the Independent Expert for final resolution of the dispute in accordance with the dispute resolution procedures set forth in Section 1.12(b) (with any reference therein to the Closing Statement instead referring to the applicable Earnout Statement in dispute). The Parties acknowledge that any information provided pursuant to this Section 2.2 will be subject to the confidentiality obligations of Section 6.14 . The Parent hereby agrees during the Earnout Period to use its reasonable best efforts to maintain a financial reporting system that enables the parties to calculate the EBITDA and Earnout Payments for purposes of this Article II .
2.3 Sponsor Earnout Shares .
(a) In accordance with the letter agreement entered into on or about the date hereof by and among the Sponsor, the Parent, the Company and the Seller Representative in the form attached as Exhibit D hereto (the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement ), the Sponsor has agreed that effective upon the Closing, the Sponsor will forfeit 1,078,125 of the Parent Founder Shares owned by the Sponsor and subject 2,156,250 of the Parent Founder Shares owned by the Sponsor (the Sponsor Earnout Shares ) to potential forfeiture in the event that the Earnout Payments are not achieved by the Parent and its Subsidiaries, including the Surviving Corporation and Surviving Entity pursuant to this Article II, with such Sponsor Earnout Shares vesting pursuant to the terms of this Section 2.3 .
(b) One-third (1/3 rd ) of the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall become fully vested and no longer subject to forfeiture upon each date of final determination pursuant to Section 2.2 that (i) the 2018 Target has been achieved, (ii) the 2019 Target has been achieved, and (iii) the 2020 Target has been achieved, and, in each case, that the applicable Earnout Payment has become payable as a result thereof (whether in the form of a Regular Earnout Payment, Catchup Earnout Payment or Accelerated Earnout Payment). In the event of a Change of Control, all Sponsor Earnout Shares shall immediately vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture upon such Change of Control.
(c) Any Sponsor Earnout Shares that have not vested pursuant to this Section 2.3 on or prior to the date that (i) all earned Earnout Payments have been made and (ii) it is finally determined that the Company Securityholders are not entitled to or eligible to receive any further Earnout Payments under this Agreement, will be forfeited by the Sponsor after such date.
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(d) The Parties hereby acknowledge and agree that notwithstanding Section 2.1 , each Earnout Payment otherwise payable to the Company Securityholders will be reduced by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares that become vested in connection with an Earnout Payment by directly reducing each Earnout Stock Payment by the amount of the Sponsor Earnout Shares that have become vested pursuant to this Section 2.3 .
2.4 Future Operations . Following the Closing (including during the Earnout Period), the Parent and its Subsidiaries, including the Target Companies, will be entitled to operate their respective businesses based upon the good faith business requirements of the Parent and its Subsidiaries. Each of the Parent and its Subsidiaries, including the Target Companies will be permitted, following the Closing (including during the Earnout Period), to make changes at its sole discretion, based upon the good faith business requirements of the Parent and its Subsidiaries, to its operations, organization, personnel, accounting practices and other aspects of its business, including actions that may have an impact on the EBITDA and the ability of the Company Securityholders to earn the Earnout Payments, and, subject to the proviso below, neither the Company Securityholders, nor the Seller Representative on their behalf, will have any right to claim the loss of all or any portion of an Earnout Payment or other damages as a result of such decisions; provided, that, the disinterested independent directors on the Post-Closing Parent Board shall not cause the Parent and its Subsidiaries, including the Target Companies, to take any actions in bad faith specifically intended to prevent or impede the achievement of any of the Earnout Targets or otherwise frustrate the earning of any Earnout Payment.
ARTICLE III CLOSING
3.1 Closing . Subject to the satisfaction or waiver of the conditions set forth in Article VIII , the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the Closing ) shall take place at the offices of Ellenoff Grossman & Schole, LLP, 1345 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10105, on the second (2 nd ) Business Day after all the Closing conditions to this Agreement have been satisfied or waived at 10:00 a.m. local time, or at such other date, time or place as the Parent and the Company may agree (the date and time at which the Closing is actually held being the Closing Date ).
ARTICLE IV REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE PARENT AND MERGER SUBS
Except as set forth in (i) the disclosure schedules delivered by the Parent to the Company on the date hereof (the Parent Disclosure Schedules ), the Section numbers of which are numbered to correspond to the Section numbers of this Agreement to which they refer or (ii) the SEC Reports that are available on the SECs website through EDGAR prior to the date hereof (other than disclosures in the Risk Factors or Forward Looking Statements sections of any SEC Reports or any other similar disclosure in any SEC Reports to the extent that such disclosure is predictive or forward-looking in nature), the Parent and Merger Sub represents and warrants to the Company, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing, as follows:
4.1 Organization and Standing . Each of the Parent and the Merger Subs is a business company duly incorporated or formed (as applicable), validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware. Each of the Parent and the Merger Subs has all requisite corporate or limited liability company power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each of the Parent and the Merger Subs is duly qualified or licensed and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which the character of the property owned, leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary. The Parent has heretofore made available to the Company accurate and complete copies of the Organizational Documents of the Parent and the Merger Subs, as currently in effect. The Parent and the Merger Subs are not in violation of any provision of their Organizational Documents. Each of the Merger Subs is wholly owned directly by the Parent, was formed solely for the purpose of effecting the Mergers and has not engaged in any business activities or conducted any operations other than in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
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4.2 Authorization; Binding Agreement .
(a) Each of the Parent and the Merger Subs has all requisite corporate and limited liability company power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party, to perform their respective obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, subject to obtaining the Required Parent Stockholder Approval and the filing of the Amended Parent Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and the approval of Merger Subs stockholders or members (as applicable). The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby (a) have been duly and validly authorized by the board of directors or member of the Parent and the Merger Subs (as applicable), and (b) other than the Required Parent Stockholder Approval and the filing of the Amended Parent Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and the approval of Merger Subs stockholders or members (as applicable), no other corporate or limited liability company proceedings, other than as set forth elsewhere in the Agreement, on the part of the Parent or the Merger Subs are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. This Agreement has been, and each Ancillary Document to which the Parent or the Merger Subs is a party shall be when delivered, duly and validly executed and delivered by the Parent or the Merger Subs (as applicable) and, assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and such Ancillary Documents by the other parties hereto and thereto, constitutes, or when delivered shall constitute, the valid and binding obligation of the Parent or the Merger Subs (as applicable), enforceable against the Parent and the Merger Subs (as applicable) in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that enforceability thereof may be limited by applicable bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization and moratorium laws and other laws of general application affecting the enforcement of creditors rights generally or by any applicable statute of limitation or by any valid defense of set-off or counterclaim, and the fact that equitable remedies or relief (including the remedy of specific performance) are subject to the discretion of the court from which such relief may be sought (collectively, the Enforceability Exceptions ).
(b) The board of directors of the Parent, at a meeting duly called and held or by unanimous written consent, adopted resolutions (i) approving this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement, (ii) determining that the terms of this Agreement, the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby constitute a Business Combination (as defined in the Parents amended and restated certificate of incorporation) and are fair to, and in the best interests of, the Parent and its stockholders, (iii) directing that this Agreement be submitted to the stockholders of the Parent for adoption, (iv) recommending that its stockholders adopt this Agreement and approve the Mergers (the Parent Recommendation ) and (v) declaring that this Agreement is advisable. Such resolutions referred to above have not been amended or rescinded by the Parents board of directors prior to the date of this Agreement.
4.3 Governmental Approvals . Except as otherwise described in Schedule 4.3 , no Consent of or with any Governmental Authority, on the part of the Parent is required to be obtained or made in connection with the execution, delivery or performance by the Parent of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party or the consummation by the Parent of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, other than (a) pursuant to Antitrust Laws, (b) such filings as contemplated by this Agreement, (c) any filings required with Nasdaq or the SEC with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, (d) applicable requirements, if any, of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, and/ or any state blue sky securities Laws, and the rules and regulations thereunder, and (e) where the failure to obtain or make such Consents or to make such filings or notifications, would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent.
4.4 Non-Contravention . Except as otherwise described in Schedule 4.4 , and subject to obtaining the Required Parent Stockholder Approval and the filing of the Amended Parent Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and the approval of Merger Subs stockholders or members (as applicable), the execution and delivery by the Parent of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party, the consummation by the Parent of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and compliance by the Parent
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with any of the provisions hereof and thereof, will not (a) conflict with or violate any provision of the Parents Organizational Documents, (b) subject to obtaining the Consents from Governmental Authorities referred to in Section 4.3 hereof, and the waiting periods referred to therein having expired, and any condition precedent to such Consent or waiver having been satisfied, conflict with or violate any Law, Order or Consent applicable to the Parent or any of its properties or assets, or (c) (i) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of, (ii) constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under, (iii) result in the termination, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation or modification of, (iv) accelerate the performance required by the Parent under, (v) result in a right of termination or acceleration under, (vi) give rise to any obligation to make payments or provide compensation under, (vii) result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of the Parent under, (viii) give rise to any obligation to obtain any third party Consent or provide any notice to any Person or (ix) give any Person the right to declare a default, exercise any remedy, claim a rebate, chargeback, penalty or change in delivery schedule, accelerate the maturity or performance, cancel, terminate or modify any right, benefit, obligation or other term under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of, any Parent Material Contract, except for any deviations from any of the foregoing clauses (a), (b) or (c) that would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent.
4.5 Capitalization .
(a) The Parent is authorized to issue 40,000,000 Parent Common Shares, 5,000,000 Parent Founder Shares and 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share. The issued and outstanding Parent Securities as of the date of this Agreement are set forth on Schedule 4.5(a) . All outstanding Parent Common Shares and Parent Founder Shares are duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable and not subject to or issued in violation of any purchase option, right of first refusal, preemptive right, subscription right or any similar right under any provision of the DGCL, the Parents Organizational Documents or any Contract to which the Parent is a party. None of the outstanding Parent Securities has been issued in violation of any applicable securities Laws.
(b) Prior to giving effect to the First Merger, Merger Sub I is authorized to issue 1,000 Merger Sub I Common Shares, of which 1,000 shares are issued and outstanding, all of which are owned by the Parent. Prior to giving effect to the Second Merger, Merger Sub II is wholly owned by the Parent. Prior to giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, other than the Merger Subs, the Parent does not have any Subsidiaries or own any equity interests in any other Person.
(c) Except as set forth in Schedule 4.5(a) , there are no (i) outstanding options, warrants, puts, calls, convertible securities, preemptive or similar rights, (ii) bonds, debentures, notes or other Indebtedness having general voting rights or that are convertible or exchangeable into securities having such rights or (iii) subscriptions or other rights, agreements, arrangements, Contracts or commitments of any character (other than this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents), (A) relating to the issued or unissued shares of the Parent, (B) obligating the Parent to issue, transfer, deliver or sell or cause to be issued, transferred, delivered, sold or repurchased any options or shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for such shares, or (C) obligating the Parent to grant, extend or enter into any such option, warrant, call, subscription or other right, agreement, arrangement or commitment for such capital shares. Other than the Redemption or as expressly set forth in this Agreement, there are no outstanding obligations of the Parent to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any shares of the Parent or to provide funds to make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in any Person. Except as set forth in Schedule 4.5(c) , there are no shareholders agreements, voting trusts or other agreements or understandings to which the Parent is a party with respect to the voting of any shares of the Parent.
(d) All Indebtedness of the Parent is disclosed on Schedule 4.5(d) . No Indebtedness of the Parent contains any restriction upon: (i) the prepayment of any of such Indebtedness, (ii) the incurrence of Indebtedness by the Parent or (iii) the ability of the Parent to grant any Lien on its properties or assets.
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(e) Since the date of formation of the Parent, and except as contemplated by this Agreement, the Parent has not declared or paid any distribution or dividend in respect of its shares and has not repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired any of its shares, and the Parents board of directors has not authorized any of the foregoing.
4.6 SEC Filings and Parent Financials .
(a) The Parent, since its formation, has filed all forms, reports, schedules, statements, registration statements, prospectuses and other documents required to be filed or furnished by the Parent with the SEC under the Securities Act and/or the Exchange Act, together with any amendments, restatements or supplements thereto, and will file all such forms, reports, schedules, statements and other documents required to be filed subsequent to the date of this Agreement. Except to the extent available on the SECs web site through EDGAR, the Parent has delivered to the Company copies in the form filed with the SEC of all of the following: (i) the Parents annual reports on Form 10-K for each fiscal year of the Parent beginning with the first year the Parent was required to file such a form, (ii) the Parents quarterly reports on Form 10-Q for each fiscal quarter that the Parent filed such reports to disclose its quarterly financial results in each of the fiscal years of the Parent referred to in clause (i) above, (iii) all other forms, reports, registration statements, prospectuses and other documents (other than preliminary materials) filed by the Parent with the SEC since the beginning of the first fiscal year referred to in clause (i) above (the forms, reports, registration statements, prospectuses and other documents referred to in clauses (i), (ii) and (iii) above, whether or not available through EDGAR, are collectively, the SEC Reports ) and (iv) all certifications and statements required by (A) Rules 13a-14 or 15d-14 under the Exchange Act, and (B) 18 U.S.C. §1350 (Section 906 of SOX) with respect to any report referred to in clause (i) above (collectively, the Public Certifications ). The SEC Reports (x) were prepared in all material respects in accordance with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as the case may be, and the rules and regulations thereunder and (y) did not, as of their respective effective dates (in the case of SEC Reports that are registration statements filed pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act) and at the time they were filed with the SEC (in the case of all other SEC Reports) contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements made therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The Public Certifications are each true as of their respective dates of filing. As used in this Section 4.6 , the term file shall be broadly construed to include any manner permitted by SEC rules and regulations in which a document or information is furnished, supplied or otherwise made available to the SEC. As of the date of this Agreement, (A) the Parent Public Units, the Parent Common Shares, the Parent Public Rights and the Parent Public Warrants are listed on Nasdaq, (B) the Parent has not received any written deficiency notice from Nasdaq relating to the continued listing requirements of such Parent Securities, (C) there are no Actions pending or, to the Knowledge of the Parent, threatened against the Parent by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority or any other Person with respect to the continued listing of the Parent Securities on Nasdaq, including any intention by such entity to suspend, prohibit or terminate the quoting of such Parent Securities on Nasdaq and (D) such Parent Securities are in compliance with all of the applicable listing and corporate governance rules of Nasdaq.
(b) The financial statements and notes contained or incorporated by reference in the SEC Reports (the Parent Financials ), fairly present in all material respects the financial position and the results of operations, changes in shareholders equity, and cash flows of the Parent at the respective dates of and for the periods referred to in such financial statements, all in accordance with (i) GAAP methodologies applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods involved and (ii) Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, as applicable (except as may be indicated in the notes thereto and for the omission of notes and audit adjustments in the case of unaudited quarterly financial statements to the extent permitted by Regulation S-X or Regulation S-K, as applicable).
(c) The Parent has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting (as such terms are defined in paragraphs (e) and (f), respectively, of Rule 13a-15 and paragraph (e) of Rule 15d-15 under the Exchange Act) as required by Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 under the Exchange Act. The Parents disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that all information (both financial and non-financial) required to be disclosed by the Parent in the reports that it files or furnishes under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and
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forms of the SEC, and that all such information is accumulated and communicated to the Parents management as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and to make the certifications required pursuant to Sections 302 and 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. The Parents management has completed an assessment of the effectiveness of the Parents disclosure controls and procedures and, to the extent required by applicable Law, presented in any applicable SEC Report, or any amendment thereto, its conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by such report or amendment based on such evaluation. Based on the Parents managements most recently completed evaluation of the Parents internal control over financial reporting, (i) the Parent had no significant deficiencies or material weaknesses in the design or operation of its internal control over financial reporting that would reasonably be expected to adversely affect the Parents ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information and (ii) the Parent does not have Knowledge of any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Parents internal control over financial reporting.
(d) Except as and to the extent reflected or reserved against in the Parent Financials, the Parent has not incurred any Liabilities or obligations of the type required to be reflected on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP that is not adequately reflected or reserved on or provided for in the Parent Financials, other than Liabilities of the type required to be reflected on a balance sheet in accordance with GAAP that have been incurred since the Parents formation in the ordinary course of business.
4.7 Absence of Certain Changes . As of the date of this Agreement, except as set forth in Schedule 4.7 , the Parent has, since its formation, (a) conducted no business other than its formation, the public offering of its securities (and the related private offerings), public reporting and its search for an initial Business Combination as described in the IPO Prospectus (including the investigation of the Target Companies and the negotiation and execution of this Agreement) and related activities and (b) not been subject to a Material Adverse Effect.
4.8 Compliance with Laws . The Parent is, and has since its formation been, in compliance with all Laws applicable to it and the conduct of its business except for such noncompliance which would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent, and the Parent has not received written notice alleging any violation of applicable Law in any material respect by the Parent.
4.9 Actions; Orders; Permits . There is no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Parent, threatened Action to which the Parent is subject which would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent. There is no material Action that the Parent has pending against any other Person. The Parent is not subject to any Orders of any Governmental Authority, nor are any such Orders pending. The Parent holds all material Permits necessary to lawfully conduct its business as presently conducted, and to own, lease and operate its assets and properties, all of which are in full force and effect, except where the failure to hold such Consent or for such Consent to be in full force and effect would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent.
4.10 Taxes and Returns .
(a) The Parent has or will have timely filed, or caused to be timely filed, all income and other material Tax Returns required to be filed by it, which Tax Returns are true, accurate, correct and complete in all material respects, and has paid, collected or withheld, or caused to be paid, collected or withheld, all material Taxes required to be paid, collected or withheld, other than such Taxes for which adequate reserves in the Parent Financials have been established in accordance with GAAP. Schedule 4.10(a) sets forth each jurisdiction where the Parent files or is required to file a Tax Return with respect to income or other material Taxes. There are no audits, examinations, investigations or other proceedings pending against the Parent in respect of any Tax, and the Parent has not been notified in writing of any proposed Tax claims or assessments against the Parent (other than, in each case, claims or assessments that have been settled or otherwise resolved in full). There are no Liens with respect to any Taxes upon any of the Parents assets, other than Permitted Liens. The Parent has no outstanding waivers or extensions of any applicable statute of limitations to assess any material amount of Taxes. There are no outstanding requests by the Parent for any extension of time within which to file any Tax Return or
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within which to pay any Taxes shown to be due on any Tax Return. The Parent has no Liability for the Taxes of any Person under Section 1.1502-6 of the Treasury Regulations (or any similar provision of state, local or non-U.S. Law), under contract, as a transferee or successor, or by operation of applicable Law.
(b) Since the date of its formation, the Parent has not (i) changed any Tax accounting methods, policies or procedures except as required by a change in Law, (ii) made, revoked, or amended any material Tax election, (iii) filed any amended Tax Returns or claim for refund or (iv) entered into any closing agreement affecting or otherwise settled or compromised any material Tax Liability or refund.
(c) Neither the Parent nor the Merger Subs has taken any action, or has any Knowledge of any fact or circumstance, that would reasonably be expected to prevent the transactions contemplated hereby, including the Mergers, from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a)(1) of the Code.
4.11 Employees and Employee Benefit Plans . The Parent does not (a) have any paid employees or (b) maintain, sponsor, contribute to or otherwise have any Liability under, any Benefit Plans.
4.12 Properties . The Parent does not own, license or otherwise have any right, title or interest in any material Intellectual Property. The Parent does not own or lease any material real property or Personal Property.
4.13 Material Contracts .
(a) Except as set forth on Schedule 4.13(a) , other than this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents, there are no Contracts to which the Parent is a party or by which any of its properties or assets may be bound, subject or affected, which (i) creates or imposes a Liability greater than $500,000, (ii) may not be cancelled by the Parent on less than thirty (30) days prior notice without payment of a material penalty or termination fee or (iii) prohibits, prevents, restricts or impairs in any material respect any business practice of the Parent as its business is currently conducted, any acquisition of material property by the Parent, or restricts in any material respect the ability of the Parent from engaging in business as currently conducted by it or from competing with any other Person (each such Contract, and each PIPE Agreement, a Parent Material Contract ). All Parent Material Contracts have been made available to the Company other than those that are exhibits to the SEC Reports.
(b) With respect to each Parent Material Contract: (i) the Parent Material Contract was entered into at arms length and in the ordinary course of business; (ii) the Parent Material Contract is legal, valid, binding and enforceable in all material respects against the Parent and, to the Knowledge of the Parent, the other parties thereto, and is in full force and effect (except as such enforcement may be limited by the Enforceability Exceptions); (iii) the Parent is not in breach or default in any material respect, and no event has occurred that with the passage of time or giving of notice or both would constitute such a breach or default in any material respect by the Parent, or permit termination or acceleration by the other party, under such Parent Material Contract; and (iv) to the Knowledge of the Parent, no other party to any Parent Material Contract is in breach or default in any material respect, and no event has occurred that with the passage of time or giving of notice or both would constitute such a breach or default by such other party, or permit termination or acceleration by the Parent under any Parent Material Contract.
4.14 Transactions with Affiliates . Schedule 4.14 sets forth a true, correct and complete list of the Contracts and arrangements that are in existence as of the date of this Agreement under which there are any existing or future Liabilities or obligations between the Parent and any (a) present or former director, officer or employee or Affiliate of the Parent, or any immediate family member of any of the foregoing, or (b) record or beneficial owner of more than five percent (5%) of the Parents outstanding capital stock as of the date hereof.
4.15 Investment Company Act . The Parent is not an investment company or a Person directly or indirectly controlled by or acting on behalf of an investment company, in each case within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
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4.16 Finders and Brokers . Except as set forth on Schedule 4.16 , no broker, finder or investment banker is entitled to any brokerage, finders or other fee or commission from the Parent, the Target Companies or any of their respective Affiliates in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby based upon arrangements made by or on behalf of the Parent.
4.17 Ownership of Merger Consideration Shares . Subject to obtaining the Required Parent Stockholder Approval and the filing of the Amended Parent Charter with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, all Stock Consideration and Earnout Stock Payments to be issued and delivered to the Company Securityholders in accordance with Article I and Article II shall be, upon issuance and delivery of such Parent Common Shares, fully paid and non-assessable, free and clear of all Liens, other than restrictions arising from applicable securities Laws, the applicable Lock-Up Agreement and any Liens incurred by any Company Securityholder, and the issuance and sale of such Parent Common Shares pursuant hereto will not be subject to or give rise to any preemptive rights or rights of first refusal.
4.18 Certain Business Practices .
(a) Neither the Parent, nor any of its Representatives acting on its behalf, has (i) used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (ii) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees, to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns or violated any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, (iii) made any other unlawful payment or (iv) since the formation of the Parent, directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any gift or similar benefit in any material amount to any customer, supplier, governmental employee or other Person who is or may be in a position to help or hinder the Parent or assist it in connection with any actual or proposed transaction.
(b) The operations of the Parent are and have been conducted at all times in compliance with laundering statutes in all applicable jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental Authority, and no Action involving the Parent with respect to the any of the foregoing is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Parent, threatened.
(c) None of the Parent or any of its directors or officers, or, to the Knowledge of the Parent, any other Representative acting on behalf of the Parent is currently identified on the specially designated nationals or other blocked person list or otherwise currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Treasury Department ( OFAC ), and the Parent has not, directly or indirectly, used any funds, or loaned, contributed or otherwise made available such funds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person, in connection with any sales or operations in any country sanctioned by OFAC or for the purpose of financing the activities of any Person currently subject to, or otherwise in violation of, any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC in the last five (5) fiscal years.
4.19 Insurance . Schedule 4.19 lists all insurance policies (by policy number, insurer, coverage period, coverage amount, annual premium and type of policy) held by the Parent relating to the Parent or its business, properties, assets, directors, officers and employees, copies of which have been provided to the Company. All premiums due and payable under all such insurance policies have been timely paid and the Parent is otherwise in material compliance with the terms of such insurance policies. All such insurance policies are in full force and effect, and to the Knowledge of the Parent, there is no threatened termination of, or material premium increase with respect to, any of such insurance policies. There have been no insurance claims made by the Parent. The Parent has each reported to its insurers all claims and pending circumstances that would reasonably be expected to result in a claim, except where such failure to report such a claim would not be reasonably likely to have a Material Adverse Effect on the Parent.
4.20 PIPE Investment . On or prior to the date hereof, the Parent entered into subscription agreements (the PIPE Agreements ) with certain accredited investors ( PIPE Investors ), pursuant to which such PIPE Investors committed to acquire Parent Common Shares from Parent in the PIPE Investment, with such PIPE
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Investment to be consummated immediately prior to the Closing (other than the Deferred PIPE Closing), such commitments by the PIPE Investors pursuant to the PIPE Agreements representing an aggregate commitment of One Hundred Forty-Three Million Six Hundred Seventy-Five Thousand U.S. Dollars $(143,675,000); provided, that one PIPE Investor has agreed in its PIPE Agreement (the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement ) to consummate a portion of the PIPE Investment in an amount equal to Twelve Million U.S. Dollars ($12,000,000) (the Deferred PIPE Closing Amount ) after the Closing at such time when the Parent Common Shares issued to such PIPE Investor are registered in accordance with the Securities Act (the Deferred PIPE Closing ). Parent has provided to the Company duly executed copies of the PIPE Agreements, including the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement.
4.21 Independent Investigation . The Parent and its Representatives have conducted their own independent investigation, review and analysis of the business, results of operations, prospects, condition (financial or otherwise) or assets of the Target Companies, and Parent acknowledges that it and they have been provided adequate access to the personnel, properties, assets, premises, books and records, and other documents and data of the Target Companies for such purpose. The Parent acknowledges and agrees that: (a) in making its decision to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, it has relied solely upon its own investigation and the express representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Article V (including the related portions of the Company Disclosure Schedules) and the information provided on behalf of the Company for the Registration Statement; and (b) none of the Company nor its Representatives have made any express or implied representation or warranty as to the Target Companies, or this Agreement, except as expressly set forth in Article V (including the related portions of the Company Disclosure Schedules). Without limiting the foregoing, in connection with the due diligence investigation of the Target Companies by Parent and its Representatives, Parent and its Representatives have received and may continue to receive after the date hereof from the Company and its Representatives certain estimates, projections, forecasts and other forward-looking information, as well as certain business plan information, regarding the Target Companies and their businesses and operations. Parent hereby acknowledges that there are uncertainties inherent in attempting to make such estimates, projections, forecasts and other forward-looking statements, as well as in such business plans, and that, except for the representations and warranties expressly set forth in Article V , Parent will have no claim against the Company or any of its Representatives, or any other Person, with respect thereto, including as to the accuracy or completeness of any information provided. Accordingly, for the avoidance of doubt, and without in any way limiting the provisions of this Section 4.21 , Parent hereby acknowledges and agrees that, except for the representations and warranties expressly set forth in Article V of this Agreement, none of the Company or any of its Representatives has made or is making any express or implied representation or warranty with respect to such estimates, projections, forecasts, forward-looking statements or business plans.
4.22 Trust Account .
(a) The Trust Agreement is valid, binding and in full force and effect and enforceable in accordance with its terms and has not been amended or modified (other than as it may be amended or modified during the Interim Period with the consent of the Company not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned). Except as set forth in Schedule 4.22 , there are no separate agreements, side letters, or other agreements or understandings that would cause the description of the Trust Agreement in the SEC Reports to be inaccurate in any material respect or that would entitle any Person to any portion of the funds in the Trust Account prior to the Closing other than the matters described in clauses (a) through (c) of the second sentence of Section 10.1
(b) As of the date hereof, the Trust Account consists of no less than $174,800,000 invested in United States government securities within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act having a maturity of one-hundred (180) days or less, or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7 promulgated under the Investment Company Act. Prior to the Closing, none of the funds held in the Trust Account may be released except for the matters described in clauses (a) through (c) of the second sentence of Section 10.1 .
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ARTICLE V REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF THE COMPANY
Except as set forth in (i) the disclosure schedules delivered by the Company to the Parent on the date hereof (the Company Disclosure Schedules ), the Section numbers of which are numbered to correspond to the Section numbers of this Agreement to which they refer, (ii) the Company Financials provided to the Parent or (iii) the Registration Statement to be filed with the SEC with the execution of this Agreement, the Company hereby represents and warrants to the Parent, as of the date hereof and as of the Closing, as follows:
5.1 Organization and Standing . The Company is a corporation duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of the State of Delaware and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as described in the Registration Statement. Each Subsidiary of the Company is a corporation or other entity duly formed, validly existing and in good standing under the Laws of its jurisdiction of organization and has all requisite corporate power and authority to own, lease and operate its properties and to carry on its business as now being conducted. Each Target Company is duly qualified or licensed and in good standing to do business in each jurisdiction in which in which the character of the property owned, or leased or operated by it or the nature of the business conducted by it makes such qualification or licensing necessary, except where the failure to be so qualified or licensed would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. The Company has provided to the Parent accurate and complete copies of its Organizational Documents and the Organizational Documents of each of its Subsidiaries, each as amended to date and as currently in effect. No Target Company is in violation of any provision of its Organizational Documents.
5.2 Authorization; Binding Agreement . The Company has all requisite corporate power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is or is required to be a party, to perform the Companys obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, subject to obtaining the Required Company Stockholder Approval. The execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which the Company is or is required to be a party and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, (a) have been duly and validly authorized by the Companys board of directors in accordance with the Companys Organizational Documents and the DGCL and (b) other than the Required Company Stockholder Approval, no other corporate proceedings on the part of the Company are necessary to authorize the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which it is a party or to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. This Agreement has been, and each Ancillary Document to which the Company is or is required to be a party shall be when delivered, duly and validly executed and delivered by the Company and assuming the due authorization, execution and delivery of this Agreement and any such Ancillary Document by the other parties hereto and thereto, constitutes, or when delivered shall constitute, the legal, valid and binding obligation of the Company, enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, subject to the Enforceability Exceptions. The Companys board of directors, by resolutions duly adopted at a meeting duly called and held (i) determined that this Agreement and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated hereby are advisable, fair to, and in the best interests of, the Company and its stockholders, (ii) approved this Agreement and the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement in accordance with the DGCL, (iii) directed that this Agreement be submitted to the Companys stockholders for adoption and (iv) resolved to recommend that the Company stockholders adopt this Agreement. The Voting Agreements delivered by the Company include holders representing at least the Required Company Stockholder Approval.
5.3 Capitalization .
(a) As of the date of this Agreement, the authorized capital stock of the Company consists of (i) 106,000,000 shares of Company Class A Common Stock, 89,766,294 shares of which are issued and outstanding, and (ii) 16,000,000 shares of Company Class B Common Stock, 14,830,683 shares of which are issued and outstanding. Schedule 5.3(a) sets forth record owners of all issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company, all of which shares, to the Knowledge of the Company, are owned free and clear of any
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Liens other than those imposed under the Companys Organizational Documents. All of the outstanding shares of Company Stock have been duly authorized, are fully paid and non-assessable and not in violation of any purchase option, right of first refusal, preemptive right, subscription right or any similar right under any provision of the DGCL, any other applicable Law, the Companys Organizational Documents or any Contract to which the Company is a party or by which it or its securities are bound. The Company holds no Company Stock in its treasury.
(b) As of the date of this Agreement, the Company has reserved 5,517,524 shares of Company Series B Common Stock for issuance to officers, directors, employees and consultants of the Company pursuant to the Company Equity Plan, which was duly adopted by the Companys board of directors and approved by the Companys stockholders. As of the date of this Agreement, of such shares of Company Series B Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Company Equity Plan, (i) 1,557,597 of such shares are reserved for issuance upon exercise of currently outstanding Company Options, (ii) 3,959,927 of such shares are currently issued and outstanding that were issued upon exercise of Company Options previously granted under the Company Equity Plan, and (iii) no shares remain available for future awards under the Company Equity Plan. The Company has furnished to the Parent complete and accurate copies of the Company Equity Plan and forms of agreements used thereunder. Schedule 5.3(b) sets forth the beneficial and record owners of all outstanding Company Options and other Company Convertible Securities (including in each case, as applicable, the grant date, number and type of shares issuable thereunder, the exercise price and the expiration date). Except as set forth above, as of the date of this Agreement, there are no options, warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase any equity interests of the Company or securities convertible into or exchangeable for, or that otherwise confer on the holder any right to acquire any equity interests of the Company, or preemptive rights or rights of first refusal or first offer, nor are there any Contracts, commitments, arrangements or restrictions to which the Company or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any of its stockholders is a party or bound relating to any equity securities of the Company, whether or not outstanding. There are no outstanding or authorized equity appreciation, phantom equity or similar rights with respect to the Company. There are no voting trusts, proxies, shareholder agreements or any other agreements or understandings with respect to the voting of the Companys equity interests. Except as set forth in the Companys Organizational Documents, there are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company to repurchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any equity interests or securities of the Company. The Company has not granted any registration rights to any Person with respect to the Companys equity securities. All of the Companys securities have been granted, offered, sold and issued in compliance with all applicable securities Laws in all material respects. As a result of the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, no equity interests of the Company are issuable and no rights in connection with any interests, warrants, rights, options or other securities of the Company accelerate or otherwise become triggered (whether as to vesting, exercisability, convertibility or otherwise).
(c) Each Company Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option under the Code so qualifies. Each grant of a Company Option was duly authorized no later than the date on which the grant of such Company Option was by its terms to be effective by all necessary corporate action, and: (i) the stock option agreement governing such grant was duly executed and delivered by each party thereto; (ii) each such grant was made in accordance with the terms of the Company Equity Plan and all other applicable Laws; (iii) the per share exercise price of each Company Option was equal to the fair market value of a share of Company Class B Common Stock on the applicable grant date; and (iv) each such grant was properly accounted for in accordance with GAAP in the financial statements (including the related notes) of the Company.
(d) Except as disclosed in the Company Financials since January 1, 2015, the Company has not declared or paid any distribution or dividend in respect of its equity interests and has not repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired any equity interests of the Company, and the board of directors of the Company has not authorized any of the foregoing.
5.4 Subsidiaries . The Company has provided to the Parent a true and correct list setting forth the name of each Subsidiary of the Company, and with respect to each Subsidiary (a) its jurisdiction of organization and (b) the number and percentage of issued and outstanding shares or other equity interests owned directly or
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indirectly by the Company. All of the outstanding equity securities of each Subsidiary of the Company are duly authorized and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable (if applicable), and were offered, sold and delivered in compliance with all applicable securities Laws, and owned by one or more of the Company or its Subsidiaries free and clear of all Liens (other than those, if any, imposed by such Subsidiarys Organizational Documents). There are no Contracts to which the Company or any of its Affiliates is a party or bound with respect to the voting (including voting trusts or proxies) of the equity interests of any Subsidiary of the Company other than the Organizational Documents of any such Subsidiary. There are no outstanding or authorized options, warrants, rights, agreements, subscriptions, convertible securities or commitments to which any Subsidiary of the Company is a party or which are binding upon any Subsidiary of the Company providing for the issuance or redemption of any equity interests of any Subsidiary of the Company. There are no outstanding equity appreciation, phantom equity, profit participation or similar rights granted by any Subsidiary of the Company. Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement, no Target Company has any limitation, whether by Contract, Order or applicable Law, on its ability to make any distributions or dividends to its equity holders, to repay any debt owed to any other Target Company or from transferring any of its properties or assets to another Target Company. Except for the equity interests of the Subsidiaries set forth in the Registration Statement, the Company does not own or have any rights to acquire, directly or indirectly, any equity interests of, or otherwise Control, any Person. Other than its Subsidiaries, the Company does not own, directly or indirectly an equity interest in any corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture or other entity. There are no outstanding contractual obligations of the Company or its Subsidiaries to provide funds to, or make any investment (in the form of a loan, capital contribution or otherwise) in, any other Person.
5.5 Governmental Approvals . No Consent of, or with, any Governmental Authority on the part of any Target Company is required to be obtained or made in connection with the execution, delivery or performance by the Company of this Agreement or any Ancillary Documents or the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby other than (a) such filings as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, (b) pursuant to Antitrust Laws and (c) except as would not individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.6 Non-Contravention . The execution and delivery by the Company (or any other Target Company, as applicable) of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which any Target Company is a party or otherwise bound, and the consummation by any Target Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and compliance by any Target Company with any of the provisions hereof and thereof, will not (a) conflict with or violate any provision of any Target Companys Organizational Documents, (b) except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies and subject to obtaining the Consents from Governmental Authorities referred to in Section 5.5 hereof, the waiting periods referred to therein having expired, and any condition precedent to such Consent or waiver having been satisfied, conflict with or violate any Law, Order or Consent applicable to any Target Company or any of its properties or assets, or (c) except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies (i) violate, conflict with or result in a breach of, (ii) constitute a default (or an event which, with notice or lapse of time or both, would constitute a default) under, (iii) result in the termination, withdrawal, suspension, cancellation or modification of, (iv) accelerate the performance required by any Target Company under, (v) result in a right of termination or acceleration under, (vi) give rise to any obligation to make payments or provide compensation under, (vii) result in the creation of any Lien upon any of the properties or assets of any Target Company under, (viii) give rise to any obligation to obtain any third-party Consent or provide any notice to any Person or (ix) give any Person the right to declare a default, exercise any remedy, claim a rebate, chargeback, penalty or change in delivery schedule, accelerate the maturity or performance, cancel, terminate or modify any right, benefit, obligation or other term under, any of the terms, conditions or provisions of any Company Material Contract.
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5.7 Financial Statements .
(a) As used herein, the term Company Financials means the (i) audited consolidated financial statements of the Target Companies (including, in each case, any related notes thereto), consisting of the consolidated balance sheets of the Target Companies as of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, and the related consolidated audited income statements, changes in stockholder equity and statements of cash flows for the years then ended, and (ii) the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, consisting of the condensed consolidated balance sheet of the Target Companies as of September 30, 2017 (the Interim Balance Sheet Date ) and the related condensed consolidated income statement, changes in stockholder equity and statement of cash flows for the nine months then ended. True and correct copies of the Company Financials have been provided to the Parent. The Company Financials (i) were prepared in accordance with GAAP, consistently applied throughout and among the periods involved, (ii) comply with all applicable accounting requirements under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder, and (iii) fairly present in all material respects the consolidated financial position of the Target Companies as of the respective dates thereof and the consolidated results of the operations and cash flows of the Target Companies for the periods indicated. All non-GAAP financial measures (as such term is defined in the rules and regulations of the SEC) contained in the Registration Statement will comply with Regulation G and Item 10 of Regulation S-K. No Target Company has ever been subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13(a) and 15(d) of the Exchange Act.
(b) The Company maintains a system of internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that complies with the requirements of the Exchange Act and has been designed by the Companys principal executive officer and principal financial officer, or under their supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. Except as described in the Company Financials, the Companys internal control over financial reporting is effective and the Company is not aware of any material weaknesses in its internal control over financial reporting.
(c) Since the date of the latest audited financial statements included in the Company Financials there has been no change in the Companys internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Companys internal control over financial reporting.
(d) The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act) that comply with the requirements of the Exchange Act; such disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its Subsidiaries is made known to the Companys principal executive officer and principal financial officer by others within those entities; and such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established.
(e) No Target Company has been subject to or involved in any material fraud that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the internal controls over financial reporting of the any Target Company. Since January 1, 2015, no Target Company or its Representatives has received any written complaint, allegation, assertion or claim regarding the accounting or auditing practices, procedures, methodologies or methods of any Target Company or its internal accounting controls, including any material written complaint, allegation, assertion or claim that any Target Company has engaged in questionable accounting or auditing practices.
(f) Except as disclosed in the Company Financials, the Target Companies do not have any Indebtedness other than the Indebtedness, and in such amounts (including principal and any accrued but unpaid interest or other obligations with respect to such Indebtedness). Except as disclosed in the Company Financials, no Indebtedness of any Target Company contains any restriction upon (i) the prepayment of any of such Indebtedness, (ii) the incurrence of Indebtedness by any Target Company, or (iii) the ability of the Target Companies to grant any Lien on their respective properties or assets.
(g) No Target Company is subject to any Liabilities or obligations (whether or not required to be reflected on a balance sheet prepared in accordance with GAAP), including any off-balance sheet obligations or
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any variable interest entities (within the meaning Accounting Standards Codification 810), except for those that are either (i) adequately reflected or reserved on or provided for in the consolidated balance sheet of the Company and its Subsidiaries as of the Interim Balance Sheet Date contained in the Company Financials, (ii) not material and that were incurred after the Interim Balance Sheet Date in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice (other than Liabilities for breach of any Contract or violation of any Law).
5.8 Absence of Certain Changes . Since September 30, 2017, each Target Company has (a) conducted its business only in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice, (b) not been subject to a Material Adverse Effect and (c) has not taken any action or committed or agreed to take any action that would be prohibited by Section 6.2(b) (without giving effect to Schedule 6.2 ) if such action were taken on or after the date hereof without the consent of the Parent.
5.9 Compliance with Laws . No Target Company is or has been in conflict or non-compliance with, or in default or violation of, nor has any Target Company received, since January 1, 2014, any written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral notice of any conflict or non-compliance with, or default or violation of, any applicable Laws by which it or any of its properties, assets, employees, business or operations are or were bound or affected, except for such conflicts, non-compliance, defaults or violations as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.10 Company Permits . Except as would not, individually or the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, each Target Company (and its employees who are legally required to be licensed by a Governmental Authority in order to perform his or her duties with respect to his or her employment with any Target Company), holds all Permits necessary to lawfully its business as presently conducted and as currently contemplated to be conducted, and to own, lease and operate its assets and properties (collectively, the Company Permits ). Except as would not, individually or the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies (i) all of the Company Permits are in full force and effect, and no suspension or cancellation of any of the Company Permits is pending or, to the Companys Knowledge, threatened; (ii) no Target Company is in violation in any respect of the terms of any Company Permit; (iii) and no Target Company has received any written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral notice of any Action relating to the revocation or modification of any Company Permit.
5.11 Litigation . Except as disclosed to Parent or set forth in the Registration Statement, there is no (a) Action of any nature pending or, to the Companys Knowledge, threatened, nor is there any reasonable basis for any Action to be made; or (b) Order pending now or rendered by a Governmental Authority, in either case of (a) or (b) by or against any Target Company, its current or former directors, officers or equity holders (provided, that any litigation involving the directors, officers or equity holders of a Target Company must be related to the Target Companys business, equity securities or assets), its business, equity securities or assets that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.12 Material Contracts .
(a) Schedule 5.12(a) sets forth a true, correct and complete list of, and the Company has made available to the Parent (including written summaries of oral Contracts), true, correct and complete copies of, each Contract to which any Target Company is a party or by which any Target Company, or any of its properties or assets are bound or affected (each contract required to be set forth on Schedule 5.12(a) , a Company Material Contract ) that that will be required to be filed with the Registration Statement under applicable SEC requirements or would otherwise be required to be filed by the Company as an exhibit for a Form S-1 pursuant to Items 601(b)(1), (2), (4), (9) or (10) of Regulation S-K under the Securities Act as if the Company was the registrant.
(b) Except as would not, individually or the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, with respect to each Company Material Contract: (i) such Company Material Contract is valid and binding and enforceable in all respects against the Target Company party thereto (subject to the Enforceability Exceptions) and, to the Knowledge of the Company, each other party
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thereto, and is in full force and effect; (ii) the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement will not affect the validity or enforceability of any Company Material Contract; (iii) no Target Company is in breach or default in any respect, and no event has occurred that with the passage of time or giving of notice or both would constitute a breach or default by any Target Company, or permit termination or acceleration by the other party thereto, under such Company Material Contract; (iv) to the Knowledge of the Company, no other party to such Company Material Contract is in breach or default in any respect, and no event has occurred that with the passage of time or giving of notice or both would constitute such a breach or default by such other party, or permit termination or acceleration by any Target Company, under such Company Material Contract; (v) no Target Company has received written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral notice of an intention by any party to any such Company Material Contract that provides for a continuing obligation by any party thereto to terminate such Company Material Contract or amend the terms thereof, other than modifications in the ordinary course of business; and (vi) no Target Company has waived any rights under any such Material Contract.
5.13 Intellectual Property .
(a) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies: (i) each Target Company owns, free and clear of all Liens (other than Permitted Liens), has valid and enforceable rights in, and has the unrestricted right to use, sell, license, transfer or assign, all Intellectual Property currently used, licensed or held for use by such Target Company, and previously used or licensed by such Target Company ( Company IP ), except for the Intellectual Property that is the subject of the Company IP Licenses; (ii) any Company Registered IP or other Company IP that is purported to be owned by a Target Company, such Target Company has obtained valid assignments of rights from all applicable third Persons such that each such Target Company owns all Intellectual Property rights therein; (iii) all material Company Registered IP is owned exclusively by the applicable Target Company without obligation to pay royalties, licensing fees or other fees, or otherwise account to any third party with respect to such Company Registered IP; and (iv) all registrations for Company Registered IP that are owned by or exclusively licensed to any Target Company are valid and in force, and all applications to register any material Company Registered IP are pending and in good standing, all without challenge of any kind, except for any applications that a Target Company may have intentionally abandoned or withdrawn.
(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies: (i) each Target Company has a valid and enforceable license to use all Intellectual Property that is the subject of the Company IP Licenses applicable to such Target Company; (ii) the Company IP Licenses include all of the licenses, sublicenses and other agreements or permissions necessary to operate the Target Companies as presently conducted; (iii) each Target Company has performed all obligations imposed on it in the Company IP Licenses, has made all payments required to date, and such Target Company is not, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, is any other party thereto, in breach or default thereunder, nor has any event occurred that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute a default thereunder; (iv) the continued use by the Target Companies of the Intellectual Property that is the subject of the Company IP Licenses in the same manner that it is currently being used is not restricted by any applicable license of any Target Company; and (v) no Target Company is party to any Contract that requires a Target Company to assign to any Person all of its rights in any Intellectual Property developed by a Target Company under such Contract.
(c) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, each Target Company has performed all obligations imposed on it in the Company Outbound IP Licenses, and such Target Company is not, nor, to the Knowledge of the Company, is any other party thereto, in breach or default thereunder, nor has any event occurred that with notice or lapse of time or both would constitute a default thereunder,
(d) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) no Action is pending or, to the Companys Knowledge, threatened that challenges the validity, enforceability, ownership, or right to use, sell, license or sublicense any Company IP, and (ii) no Target Company has received any written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral
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notice or claim asserting or suggesting that any infringement, misappropriation, violation, dilution or unauthorized use of the Intellectual Property of any other Person is or may be occurring or has or may have occurred, as a consequence of the business activities of any Target Company, nor to the Knowledge of the Company is there a reasonable basis therefor. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, there are no Orders to which any Target Company is a party or its otherwise bound that (i) restrict the rights of a Target Company to use, transfer, license or enforce any Intellectual Property owned by a Target Company, (ii) restrict the conduct of the business of a Target Company in order to accommodate a third Persons Intellectual Property, or (iii) other than the Company Outbound IP Licenses, grant any third Person any right with respect to any Intellectual Property owned by a Target Company. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, no Target Company is currently infringing, or has, in the past, infringed, misappropriated or violated any Intellectual Property of any other Person in any material respect in connection with the ownership, use or license of any Intellectual Property owned or purported to be owned by a Target Company or, to the Knowledge of the Company, otherwise in connection with the conduct of the respective businesses of the Target Companies. To the Companys Knowledge, no third Person is infringing upon, has misappropriated or is otherwise violating any Company IP in any material respect.
(e) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) all employees and independent contractors of a Target Company have executed a confidentiality and assignment of inventions agreement with a Target Company and assigned to the Target Companies all Intellectual Property arising from the services performed for a Target Company by such Persons, (ii) no current or former officers, employees or independent contractors of a Target Company have claimed any ownership interest in any Intellectual Property owned by a Target Company, (iii) to the Knowledge of the Company, there has been no violation of a Target Companys policies or practices related to protection of Company IP or any confidentiality or nondisclosure Contract relating to the Intellectual Property owned by a Target Company, (iv) to the Companys Knowledge, none of the employees of any Target Company is obligated under any Contract, or subject to any Order, that would materially interfere with the use of such employees best efforts to promote the interests of the Target Companies, or that would materially conflict with the business of any Target Company as presently conducted or contemplated to be conducted. Each Target Company has taken reasonable security measures in order to protect the secrecy, confidentiality and value of the material Company IP.
(f) To the Knowledge of the Company, no Person has obtained unauthorized access to third-party information and data in the possession of a Target Company, nor has there been any other material compromise of the security, confidentiality or integrity of such information or data. Each Target Company has complied with all applicable Laws relating to privacy, personal data protection, and the collection, processing and use of personal information and its own privacy policies and guidelines, except where the failure to so comply as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. The operation of the business of the Target Companies has not and does not violate any right to privacy or publicity of any third person, or constitute unfair competition or trade practices under applicable Law, which violation would individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
(g) The Company has no Knowledge of any technology used or employed by a Target Company which has been obtained or is being used by a Target Company in violation of any contractual obligation binding on a Target Company or any of its directors, executive officers or employees, or otherwise in violation of the rights of any Persons. The Target Companies own or have a valid right to access and use all computer systems, networks, hardware, software, databases, websites, and equipment used to process, store, maintain and operate data, information, and functions used in connection with the businesses of the Target Companies, except where the failure to have such right would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
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5.14 Taxes and Returns .
(a) Each Target Company has or will have timely filed, or caused to be timely filed, all federal, state, local and foreign Tax Returns and reports required to be filed by it (taking into account all available extensions), except where the failure to so file would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, which Tax Returns are correct and complete in all material respects, and has paid, collected or withheld, or caused to be paid, collected or withheld, all Taxes required to be paid, collected or withheld, other than such Taxes for which adequate reserves in the Company Financials have been established and except for such taxes, assessments, fines or penalties the non-payment of which would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. Each Target Company has complied with all applicable Laws relating to Tax.
(b) No Target Company is aware of any fact or circumstance that would reasonably be expected to prevent the Merger from qualifying as a reorganization within the meaning of Section 368(a) of the Code.
5.15 Real Property .
(a) The Target Companies do not own any real property.
(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) each Target Company has a valid, binding and enforceable leasehold interest under each of the real properties under which it is a lessee (the Company Leased Properties ), free and clear of all Liens other than Permitted Liens, and (ii) each of the leases, lease guarantees, agreements and documents related to any Company Leased Properties, including all amendments, terminations and modifications thereof (collectively, the Company Real Property Leases ), is in full force and effect. The Company has provided to Parent true, correct and complete copies of all material Company Real Property Leases. No Target Company is in default under any Company Real Property Lease, and no event has occurred and no circumstance exists which, if not remedied, and whether with or without notice or the passage of time or both, would result in such a default, except for such defaults as would not individually or the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. No Target Company has received or given any notice of any default or event that with notice or lapse of time, or both, would constitute a default by a Target Company under any of the Company Real Property Leases and, to the Knowledge of the Company, no other party is in default thereof, except for such defaults as would not individually or the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. No party to any Company Real Property Lease has exercised any termination rights with respect thereto.
5.16 Title to and Sufficiency of Assets . Each Target Company has good and marketable title to, or a valid leasehold interest in or right to use, all of its assets, free and clear of all Liens other than (a) Permitted Liens, (b) the rights of lessors under leasehold interests and (iii) Liens specifically identified on the Interim Balance Sheet. The assets (including Intellectual Property rights and contractual rights) of the Target Companies constitute all of the assets, rights and properties that are used in the operation of the businesses of the Target Companies as it is now conducted and presently proposed to be conducted or that are used or held by the Target Companies for use in the operation of the businesses of the Target Companies, and taken together, are adequate and sufficient for the operation of the businesses of the Target Companies as currently conducted and as presently proposed to be conducted, except where the failure to hold such assets, rights and properties would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.17 Employee Matters .
(a) No Target Company is a party to any collective bargaining agreement or other Contract covering any group of employees, labor organization or other representative of any of the employees of any Target Company, and the Company has no Knowledge of any activities or proceedings of any labor union or other party
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to organize or represent such employees. There has not occurred or, to the Knowledge of the Company, been threatened any strike, slow-down, picketing, work-stoppage, or other similar labor activity with respect to any such employees. There are no unresolved labor controversies (including unresolved grievances and age or other discrimination claims), if any, that are pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened between any Target Company and Persons employed by or providing services as independent contractors to a Target Company, that would, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. No current officer or senior employee of a Target Company has provided any Target Company written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral notice of his or her plan to terminate his or her employment with any Target Company.
(b) Except as would not, individually or the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, each Target Company (i) is and has been in compliance in all respects with all applicable Laws respecting employment and employment practices, terms and conditions of employment, health and safety and wages and hours, and other Laws relating to discrimination, disability, labor relations, hours of work, payment of wages and overtime wages, pay equity, immigration, workers compensation, working conditions, employee scheduling, occupational safety and health, family and medical leave, and employee terminations, and has not received written or, to the Knowledge of the Company, oral notice that there is any pending Action involving unfair labor practices against a Target Company, (ii) is not liable for any arrears of wages or any material penalty for failure to comply with any of the foregoing, and (iii) is not liable for any payment to any Governmental Authority with respect to unemployment compensation benefits, social security or other benefits or obligations for employees, independent contractors or consultants (other than routine payments to be made in the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice). There are no Actions pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened against a Target Company brought by or on behalf of any applicant for employment, any current or former employee, any Person alleging to be a current or former employee, or any Governmental Authority, relating to any such Law or regulation, or alleging breach of any express or implied contract of employment, wrongful termination of employment, or alleging any other discriminatory, wrongful or tortious conduct in connection with the employment relationship, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
(c) Except for current amounts due November 30, 2017, the Target Companies have paid in full to all their employees all wages, salaries, commission, bonuses and other compensation due to their employees, including overtime compensation, and no Target Company has any obligations or Liability (whether or not contingent) with respect to severance payments to any such employees under the terms of any written or, to the Companys Knowledge, oral agreement, or commitment or any applicable Law, custom, trade or practice, except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
(d) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) all independent contractors (including consultants) currently engaged by any Target Company are a party to a written Contract with a Target Company and (ii) for the purposes of applicable Law, including the Code, all independent contractors who are currently, or within the last six (6) years have been, engaged by a Target Company are bona fide independent contractors and not employees of a Target Company.
5.18 Benefit Plans .
(a) With respect to each Benefit Plan of a Target Company (each, a Company Benefit Plan ), there are no funded benefit obligations for which contributions have not been made or properly accrued and there are no unfunded benefit obligations that have not been accounted for by reserves, or otherwise properly footnoted in accordance with GAAP on the Company Financials. No Target Company is or has in the past been a member of a controlled group for purposes of Section 414(b), (c), (m) or (o) of the Code, nor does any Target Company have any Liability with respect to any collectively-bargained for plans, whether or not subject to the provisions of ERISA.
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(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, each Company Benefit Plan is and has been operated at all times in compliance with all applicable Laws in all respects, including ERISA and the Code. Each Company Benefit Plan which is intended to be qualified within the meaning of Section 401(a) of the Code (i) has been determined by the IRS to be so qualified (or is based on a prototype plan which has received a favorable opinion letter) during the period from its adoption to the date of this Agreement and (ii) its related trust has been determined to be exempt from taxation under Section 501(a) of the Code or the Target Companies have requested an initial favorable IRS determination of qualification and/or exemption within the period permitted by applicable Law. To the Companys Knowledge, no fact exists which would reasonably be expected to materially and adversely affect the qualified status of such Company Benefit Plans or the exempt status of such trusts.
(c) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, with respect to each Company Benefit Plan: (i) such Company Benefit Plan has been administered and enforced in all respects in accordance with its terms, the Code and ERISA; (ii) no breach of fiduciary duty has occurred in any respect; (iii) no Action is pending, or to the Companys Knowledge, threatened (other than routine claims for benefits arising in the ordinary course of administration); (iv) no prohibited transaction, as defined in Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code, has occurred, excluding transactions effected pursuant to a statutory or administration exemption; and (v) all contributions and premiums due have been made in all respects as required under ERISA or have been fully accrued for by the Target Companies in the Company Financials.
5.19 Environmental Matters .
(a) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, each Target Company is and has been in compliance in all respects with all applicable Environmental Laws, including obtaining, maintaining in good standing, and complying with all Permits required for its business and operations by Environmental Laws ( Environmental Permits ), no Action is pending or, to the Companys Knowledge, threatened to revoke, modify, or terminate any such Environmental Permit, and, to the Companys Knowledge, no facts, circumstances, or conditions currently exist that could adversely affect such continued compliance with Environmental Laws and Environmental Permits or require capital expenditures to achieve or maintain such continued compliance with Environmental Laws and Environmental Permits.
(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies: (i) no Target Company has manufactured, treated, stored, disposed of, arranged for or permitted the disposal of, generated, handled or Released any Hazardous Material, or owned or operated any property or facility, in a manner that has given or would reasonably be expected to give rise to any Liability or obligation under applicable Environmental Laws; and (ii) no fact, circumstance, or condition exists in respect of any Target Company or any property currently or formerly owned, operated, or leased by any Target Company or any property to which a Target Company arranged for the disposal or treatment of Hazardous Materials that could reasonably be expected to result in a Target Company incurring any Environmental Liabilities.
5.20 Transactions with Related Persons . No officer, director or 10% Owner of a Target Company or any of its Affiliates, nor any immediate family member of any of the foregoing (whether directly or indirectly through an Affiliate of such Person) (each of the foregoing, a Related Person ) since January 1, 2015, has been, a party to any transaction with a Target Company that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to Item 404 of Regulation S-K.
5.21 Insurance . The Target Companies are insured by insurers of recognized financial responsibility against such losses and risks and in such amounts as are prudent and customary in the businesses in which they are engaged. All premiums due and payable under all such insurance policies have been timely paid and the Target Companies are otherwise in compliance with the terms of such insurance policies, except for such non-
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compliance as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. No Target Company has any self-insurance or co-insurance programs. Since January 1, 2015, no Target Company has received any notice from, or on behalf of, any insurance carrier relating to or involving any adverse change or any change other than in the ordinary course of business, in the conditions of insurance, any refusal to issue an insurance policy or non-renewal of a policy. Since January 1, 2015, no Target Company has been refused any insurance coverage sought or applied for, and no Target Company has any reason to believe that it will not be able to renew its existing insurance coverage as and when such coverage expires or to obtain similar coverage from similar insurers at a cost that would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.22 Export Control Laws . Each Target Company is in compliance in all respects with all Export Control Laws applicable to it, except where the failure to be in compliance, individually or in the aggregate, would reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies. Without limiting the foregoing: (a) each Target Company has obtained all export licenses and other approvals required for its exports of products, Software and technologies required by any Export Control Law and all such approvals and licenses are in full force and effect; (b) each Target Company is in compliance with the terms of such applicable export licenses or other approvals; and (c) there are no claims pending or threatened in writing against a Target Company with respect to such export licenses or other approvals, except with respect to (a), (b) and (c) as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.23 Books and Records . All of the financial books and records of the Target Companies are complete and accurate in all respects and since January 1, 2015 have been maintained in the ordinary course consistent with past practice and in accordance with applicable Laws in all respects, except where the failure to so be so complete and accurate and maintained would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
5.24 Top Customers and Suppliers . The relationships of the Target Companies with the ten (10) largest customers of the Target Companies (by dollar volume received for the twelve (12) month period ending on the Interim Balance Sheet Date) (the Top Customers ) and the ten (10) largest suppliers of goods or services to the Target Companies (by dollar volume paid for the twelve (12) month period ending on the Interim Balance Sheet Date) (the Top Suppliers ) are good commercial working relationships, and (i) no Top Supplier or Top Customer within the last twelve (12) months has cancelled or terminated, or, to the Companys Knowledge, intends to cancel or otherwise terminate, any material relationships of such Person with a Target Company, (ii) no Top Supplier or Top Customer has during the last twelve (12) months decreased materially or, to the Companys Knowledge, threatened to stop, decrease or limit materially, or, to the Companys Knowledge, intends to modify materially its material relationships with a Target Company or intends to stop, decrease or limit materially its products or services to any Target Company or its usage or purchase of the products or services of any Target Company, (iii) to the Companys Knowledge, no Top Supplier or Top Customer intends to refuse to pay any material amount due to any Target Company or seek to exercise any remedy against any Target Company, (iv) no Target Company has within the past two (2) years been engaged in any material dispute with any Top Supplier or Top Customer, and (v) to the Companys Knowledge, the consummation of the transactions contemplated in this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents will not adversely affect the relationship of any Target Company with any Top Supplier or Top Customer in any material respect.
5.25 Government Contracts .
(a) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies: (i) none of the directors, officers or employees of any Target Company is (or since January 1, 2012 has been) under administrative, civil or criminal investigation or indictment by any Governmental Authority (except as to routine security investigations); (ii) there is no pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened audit or investigation by any Governmental Authority of any
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Target Company or any of their respective directors, officers or employees with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or omission arising under or relating to a Government Contract or Government Bid; (iii) since January 1, 2012, no Target Company has made a disclosure with respect to any alleged irregularity, misstatement or omission arising under a Government Contract with or a Government Bid by any Target Company, other than routine inquiries, audits and reconciliations; and (iv) the Target Companies have complied with the terms and conditions of each Government Contract and each Government Bid to which it is a party or subject to and all Laws applicable and pertaining to each such Government Contract and Government Bid.
(b) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, there are (i) no outstanding claims against any Target Company by a Governmental Authority or by any prime contractor, subcontractor or vendor arising under any Government Contract with or Government Bid by any Target Company and (ii) no disputes between a Governmental Authority and any Target Company under the Contract Disputes Act or any other applicable Law or between any Target Company and any prime contractor, subcontractor or vendor arising under any such Government Contract with or Government Bid by a Target Company. Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) no termination for convenience, termination for default, cure notice or show cause notice is currently in effect, has been issued, or, has, to the Knowledge of the Company, been threatened in writing or is expected with respect to any Government Contract or Government Bid and (ii) no Government Contract has been terminated for default, breach, cause or other failure to perform, and no Target Company has received any adverse or negative past performance evaluations or ratings since January 1, 2015.
(c) No Target Company is suspended or debarred from doing business with a Governmental Authority, nor is any Target Company the subject of a finding of non-responsibility or ineligibility for U.S. Government contracting or contracting with any other Governmental Authority. In the past six (6) years, no Target Company has engaged in any activity that gave rise to an Organizational Conflict of Interest (as defined in FAR 9.501 or applicable agency FAR supplements or the Government Contracts or any comparable applicable state or local Law), except as has not had and would not reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies.
(d) Except as would not, individually or in the aggregate, reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect with respect to the Target Companies, (i) each Target Companys cost accounting system and procurement systems with respect to the Government Contracts and Government Bids are in compliance with applicable regulations and legal requirements, (ii) no Target Company has received notice from a Governmental Authority of a determination that the cost accounting systems of any Target Company are inadequate for accumulating and billing costs under Government Contracts and (iii) there has been no claim of defective pricing, mischarging or improper payments on the part of any Target Company.
5.26 Certain Business Practices .
(a) No Target Company, nor to the Companys knowledge any of their respective Representatives acting on their behalf, has (a) used any funds for unlawful contributions, gifts, entertainment or other unlawful expenses relating to political activity, (b) made any unlawful payment to foreign or domestic government officials or employees, to foreign or domestic political parties or campaigns or violated any provision of the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or (c) made any other unlawful payment. No Target Company, nor to the Companys knowledge any of their respective Representatives acting on their behalf has directly or indirectly, given or agreed to give any gift or similar benefit in any material amount to any customer, supplier, governmental employee or other Person who is or may be in a position to help or hinder any Target Company or assist any Target Company in connection with any actual or proposed transaction.
(b) The operations of each Target Company are and have been conducted at all times in material compliance with laundering statutes in all applicable jurisdictions, the rules and regulations thereunder and any related or similar rules, regulations or guidelines, issued, administered or enforced by any Governmental
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Authority, and no Action involving a Target Company with respect to the any of the foregoing is pending or, to the Knowledge of the Company, threatened.
(c) No Target Company or any of their respective directors or officers, or, to the Knowledge of the Company, any other Representative acting on behalf of a Target Company is currently identified on the specially designated nationals or other blocked person list or otherwise currently subject to any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC, and no Target Company has, directly or indirectly, used any funds, or loaned, contributed or otherwise made available such funds to any Subsidiary, joint venture partner or other Person, in connection with any sales or operations in Cuba, Iran, Syria, Sudan, Myanmar or any other country sanctioned by OFAC or for the purpose of financing the activities of any Person currently subject to, or otherwise in violation of, any U.S. sanctions administered by OFAC in the last five (5) fiscal years.
5.27 Investment Company Act . The Company is not an investment company or a Person directly or indirectly controlled by or acting on behalf of an investment company, in each case within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
5.28 Finders and Brokers . No Target Company has incurred or will incur any Liability for any brokerage, finders or other fee or commission in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
5.29 Independent Investigation . The Company has conducted its own independent investigation, review and analysis of the business, results of operations, prospects, condition (financial or otherwise) or assets of the Parent, and acknowledges that it has been provided adequate access to the personnel, properties, assets, premises, books and records, and other documents and data of the Parent for such purpose. The Company acknowledges and agrees that: (a) in making its decision to enter into this Agreement and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby, it has relied solely upon its own investigation and the express representations and warranties of the Parent set forth in Article IV (including the related portions of the Parent Disclosure Schedules); and (b) neither the Parent nor any of its Representatives have made any representation or warranty as to the Parent or this Agreement, except as expressly set forth in Article IV (including the related portions of the Parent Disclosure Schedules).
5.30 Information Supplied . None of the information supplied or to be supplied by the Company expressly for inclusion or incorporation by reference: (a) in any current report on Form 8-K, and any exhibits thereto or any other report, form, registration or other filing made with any Governmental Authority with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any Ancillary Documents; (b) in the Registration Statement; or (c) in the mailings or other distributions to the Parents stockholders and/or prospective investors with respect to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or in any amendment to any of documents identified in (a) through (c), will, when filed, made available, mailed or distributed, as the case may be, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. None of the information supplied or to be supplied by the Company expressly for inclusion or incorporation by reference in any of the Signing Press Release, the Signing Filing, the Closing Press Release and the Closing Filing will, when filed or distributed, as applicable, contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company makes no representation, warranty or covenant with respect to any information supplied by or on behalf of the Parent or its Affiliates.
5.31 Disclosure . No representations or warranties by the Company in this Agreement (as modified by the Company Disclosure Schedules) or the Ancillary Documents, (a) contains or will contain any untrue statement of a material fact, or (b) omits or will omit to state, when read in conjunction with all of the information contained in this Agreement, the Company Disclosure Schedules and the Ancillary Documents, any fact necessary to make the statements or facts contained therein not materially misleading.
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ARTICLE VI COVENANTS
6.1 Access and Information .
(a) The Company shall give, and shall direct its Representatives to give, the Parent and its Representatives, during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice, reasonable access to all offices and other facilities and to all employees, properties, Contracts, agreements, commitments, books and records, financial and operating data and other information (including Tax Returns, internal working papers, client files, client Contracts and director service agreements), of or pertaining to the Target Companies (solely to the extent in the possession of the Target Companies), as the Parent or its Representatives may reasonably request regarding the Target Companies and their respective businesses, assets, Liabilities, financial condition, prospects, operations, management, employees and other aspects (including unaudited quarterly financial statements, including a consolidated quarterly balance sheet and income statement, a copy of each material report, schedule and other document filed with or received by a Governmental Authority pursuant to the requirements of applicable securities Laws, and independent public accountants work papers (subject to the consent or any other conditions required by such accountants, if any)) and instruct each of the Companys Representatives to reasonably cooperate with the Parent and its Representatives in their investigation; provided, however, that the Parent and its Representatives shall conduct any such activities in such a manner as not to unreasonably interfere with the business or operations of the Target Companies; provided, however, the Company and its Representatives shall not be required to provide any of the foregoing (i) with respect to any information that is subject to attorney-client privilege to the extent doing so would reasonably be expected to cause such privilege to be waived, or (ii) if the Company reasonably determines in good faith, after consulting with outside counsel, that such cooperation or access is prohibited by the HSR Act or any other federal, state or local applicable Laws. All such access and information obtained as a result of such access shall be subject to the terms and conditions of Section 6.14 .
(b) The Parent shall give, and shall direct its Representatives to give, the Company and its Representatives, during normal business hours and upon reasonable notice, reasonable access to all offices and other facilities and to all employees, properties, Contracts, agreements, commitments, books and records, financial and operating data and other information (including Tax Returns, internal working papers, client files, client Contracts and director service agreements), of or pertaining to the Parent or its Subsidiaries (solely to the extent in the possession of the Parent or its Subsidiaries, as applicable), as the Company or its Representatives may reasonably request regarding the Parent, its Subsidiaries and their respective businesses, assets, Liabilities, financial condition, prospects, operations, management, employees and other aspects (including unaudited quarterly financial statements, including a consolidated quarterly balance sheet and income statement, a copy of each material report, schedule and other document filed with or received by a Governmental Authority pursuant to the requirements of applicable securities Laws, and independent public accountants work papers (subject to the consent or any other conditions required by such accountants, if any)) and instruct each of the Parents Representatives to reasonably cooperate with the Company and its Representatives in their investigation; provided, however, that the Company and its Representatives shall conduct any such activities in such a manner as not to unreasonably interfere with the business or operations of the Parent or any of its Subsidiaries; provided, however, the Parent and its Representatives shall not be required to provide any of the foregoing (i) with respect to any information that is subject to attorney-client privilege to the extent doing so would reasonably be expected to cause such privilege to be waived, or (ii) if the Parent reasonably determines in good faith, after consulting with outside counsel, that such cooperation or access is prohibited by the HSR Act or any other federal, state or local applicable Laws. All such access and information obtained as a result of such access shall be subject to the terms and conditions of Section 6.14 .
6.2 Conduct of Business of the Company .
(a) Unless the Parent shall otherwise consent in writing (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), during the period from the date of this Agreement and continuing until the earlier of the
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termination of this Agreement in accordance with Section 9.1 or the Closing (the Interim Period ), except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, as set forth on Schedule 6.2 or as required by applicable Law, the Company shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, (i) conduct their respective businesses, in all material respects, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (ii) comply with all Laws applicable to the Target Companies and their respective businesses, assets and employees.
(b) Without limiting the generality of Section 6.2(a) and except as contemplated by the terms of this Agreement, as set forth on Schedule 6.2 or as required by applicable Law, during the Interim Period, without the prior written consent of the Parent (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), the Company shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to not:
(i) amend, waive or otherwise change, in any material respect, its Organizational Documents;
(ii) authorize for issuance, issue, grant, sell, pledge, dispose of or propose to issue, grant, sell, pledge or dispose of any of its equity securities or any options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions or rights of any kind to acquire or sell any of its equity securities, or other securities, including any securities convertible into or exchangeable for any of its shares or other equity securities or securities of any class and any other equity-based awards, or engage in any hedging transaction with a third Person with respect to such securities except (i) with respect to the granting of Company Options to Target Company employees and other service providers consistent with past practice or (ii) as the result of the exercise or conversion of any Company Convertible Securities outstanding as of the date hereof (or in respect of Company Options described in clause (i) above);
(iii) split, combine, recapitalize or reclassify any of its shares or other equity interests or issue any other securities in respect thereof or pay or set aside any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, equity or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its equity interests, or directly or indirectly redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire or offer to acquire any of its securities;
(iv) materially increase the wages, salaries, bonuses, other compensation or benefits of its employees other than in the ordinary course of business, consistent with past practice;
(v) transfer or license to any Person or otherwise extend, materially amend or modify, permit to lapse or fail to preserve any Company Registered IP, Company IP License or other Company IP that is material to the business of any Target Company (excluding non-exclusive licenses of Company IP to Target Company customers in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice), or disclose to any Person who has not entered into a confidentiality agreement any Trade Secrets;
(vi) fail to maintain its books, accounts and records in all material respects in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(vii) fail to use commercially reasonable efforts to keep in force insurance policies or replacement or revised policies providing insurance coverage with respect to its assets, operations and activities in such amount and scope of coverage as are currently in effect;
(viii) revalue any of its material assets or make any change in accounting methods, principles or practices, except to the extent required to comply with GAAP and after consulting with the Companys outside auditors;
(ix) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization;
(x) sell, lease, license, transfer, exchange or swap, mortgage or otherwise pledge or encumber (including securitizations outside of the ordinary course of business and consistent with past practice), or otherwise dispose of any material portion of its properties, assets or rights;
(xi) other than as required by this Agreement and the Voting Agreements, enter into any agreement, understanding or arrangement with respect to the voting of equity securities of the Company;
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(xii) take any action that would reasonably be expected to significantly delay or impair the obtaining of any Consents of any Governmental Authority to be obtained in connection with this Agreement;
(xiii) enter into, amend, waive or terminate (other than terminations in accordance with their terms) any transaction with any Related Person (other than compensation and benefits and advancement of expenses, in each case, provided in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice); or
(xiv) authorize or agree to do any of the foregoing actions.
6.3 Conduct of Business of the Parent.
(a) Unless the Company shall otherwise consent in writing (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), during the Interim Period, except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, as set forth on Schedule 6.3 or as required by applicable Law, the Parent shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, (i) conduct their respective businesses, in all material respects, in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice and (ii) comply with all Laws applicable to the Parent and its Subsidiaries and their respective businesses, assets and employees.
(b) Without limiting the generality of Section 6.3(a) and except as contemplated by the terms of this Agreement (including as contemplated by the PIPE Investment), as set forth on Schedule 6.3 or as required by applicable Law, during the Interim Period, without the prior written consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), the Parent shall not, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to not:
(i) amend, waive or otherwise change, in any material respect, its Organizational Documents;
(ii) other than the PIPE Investment, authorize for issuance, issue, grant, sell, pledge, dispose of or propose to issue, grant, sell, pledge or dispose of any of its equity securities or any options, warrants, commitments, subscriptions or rights of any kind to acquire or sell any of its equity securities, or other securities, including any securities convertible into or exchangeable for any of its equity securities or other security interests of any class and any other equity-based awards, or engage in any hedging transaction with a third Person with respect to such securities;
(iii) split, combine, recapitalize or reclassify any of its shares or other equity interests or issue any other securities in respect thereof or pay or set aside any dividend or other distribution (whether in cash, equity or property or any combination thereof) in respect of its shares or other equity interests, or directly or indirectly redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire or offer to acquire any of its securities;
(iv) amend, waive or otherwise change the Trust Agreement in any manner adverse to the Parent;
(v) fail to maintain its books, accounts and records in all material respects in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice;
(vi) fail to use commercially reasonable efforts to keep in force insurance policies or replacement or revised policies providing insurance coverage with respect to its assets, operations and activities in such amount and scope of coverage as are currently in effect;
(vii) revalue any of its material assets or make any change in accounting methods, principles or practices, except to the extent required to comply with GAAP and after consulting the Parents outside auditors;
(viii) adopt a plan of complete or partial liquidation, dissolution, merger, consolidation, restructuring, recapitalization or other reorganization (other than with respect to the Mergers);
(ix) sell, lease, license, transfer, exchange or swap, mortgage or otherwise pledge or encumber (including securitizations), or otherwise dispose of any material portion of its properties, assets or rights;
(x) enter into any agreement, understanding or arrangement with respect to the voting of Parent Securities;
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(xi) take any action that would reasonably be expected to significantly delay or impair the obtaining of any Consents of any Governmental Authority to be obtained in connection with this Agreement;
(xii) take any action that would reasonably be expected to significantly delay or impair (A) the timely filing of any of its public filings with the SEC (giving effect to any permitted extensions), (B) its compliance in all material respects with applicable securities Laws or (C) the listing of the Parent Common Shares and the Parent Public Warrants on Nasdaq; or
(xiii) authorize or agree to do any of the foregoing actions.
6.4 Parent Public Filings . During the Interim Period, the Parent will keep current and timely file all of its public filings with the SEC and otherwise comply in all material respects with applicable securities Laws and shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to maintain the listing of the Parent Public Units, the Parent Common Shares, the Parent Public Rights and the Parent Public Warrants on Nasdaq; provided , that the Parties acknowledge and agree that from and after the Closing, Parent intends to list on Nasdaq on the Parent Common Shares and the Parent Public Warrants.
6.5 No Solicitation .
(a) For purposes of this Agreement, (i) an Acquisition Proposal means any inquiry, proposal or offer, or any indication of interest in making an offer or proposal, from any Person or group at any time relating to an Alternative Transaction, and (ii) an Alternative Transaction means (A) with respect to the Company and its Affiliates, a transaction (other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) concerning the sale of (x) all or any material part of the business or assets of the Target Companies (other than in the ordinary course of business consistent with past practice) or (y) any material portion of the shares or other equity interests or profits of the Target Companies, in any case, whether such transaction takes the form of a sale of shares or other equity, assets, merger, consolidation, issuance of debt securities, management Contract, joint venture or partnership, or otherwise and (B) with respect to the Parent and its Affiliates, a transaction (other than the transactions contemplated by this Agreement) concerning a Business Combination.
(b) During the Interim Period, in order to induce the other Parties to continue to commit to expend management time and financial resources in furtherance of the transactions contemplated hereby, each Party shall not, and shall cause its Representatives to not, without the prior written consent of the Company and the Parent, directly or indirectly, (i) solicit, assist, initiate or facilitate the making, submission or announcement of, or intentionally encourage, any Acquisition Proposal, (ii) furnish any non-public information regarding such Party or its Affiliates or their respective businesses, operations, assets, liabilities, financial condition, prospects or employees to any Person or group (other than a Party to this Agreement or their respective Representatives) in connection with or in response to an Acquisition Proposal, (iii) engage or participate in discussions or negotiations with any Person or group with respect to, or that could reasonably be expected to lead to, an Acquisition Proposal, (iv) approve, endorse or recommend in writing, or publicly propose to approve, endorse or recommend, any Acquisition Proposal, (v) negotiate or enter into any letter of intent, agreement in principle, acquisition agreement or other similar agreement related to any Acquisition Proposal, or (vi) release any third Person from, or waive any provision of, any confidentiality agreement to which such Party is a party.
(c) Each Party shall notify the others as reasonably promptly as practicable (and in any event within 48 hours) in writing of the receipt by such Party or any of its Representatives of (i) any bona fide inquiries, proposals or offers, requests for information or requests for discussions or negotiations regarding or constituting any Acquisition Proposal or any bona fide inquiries, proposals or offers, requests for information or requests for discussions or negotiations that could be expected to result in an Acquisition Proposal, and (ii) any request for non-public information relating to such Party or its Affiliates, specifying in each case, the material terms and conditions thereof (including a copy thereof if in writing or a written summary thereof if oral) and the identity of the party making such inquiry, proposal, offer or request for information. Each Party shall keep the others promptly informed of the status of any such inquiries, proposals, offers or requests for information. During the Interim Period, each Party shall, and shall cause its Representatives to, immediately cease and cause to be
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terminated any solicitations, discussions or negotiations with any Person with respect to any Acquisition Proposal and shall, and shall direct its Representatives to, cease and terminate any such solicitations, discussions or negotiations.
6.6 No Trading . The Company acknowledges and agrees that it is aware, and that the Companys Affiliates are aware (and each of their respective Representatives is aware or, upon receipt of any material nonpublic information of the Parent, will be advised) of the restrictions imposed by U.S. federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq promulgated thereunder or otherwise (the Federal Securities Laws ) and other applicable foreign and domestic Laws on a Person possessing material nonpublic information about a publicly traded company. The Company hereby agrees that, while it is in possession of such material nonpublic information, it shall not purchase or sell any securities of the Parent (other than to engage in the Mergers in accordance with Article I), communicate such information to any third party, take any other action with respect to the Parent in violation of such Laws, or cause or encourage any third party to do any of the foregoing.
6.7 Notification of Certain Matters . During the Interim Period, each of the Parties shall give prompt written notice to the other Parties if such Party or its Affiliates: (a) fails to comply with or satisfy any covenant, condition or agreement to be complied with or satisfied by it or its Affiliates hereunder in any material respect (except to the extent such covenant, condition or agreement shall by its terms be complied with or satisfied as of the Effective Time); (b) receives any written notice from any third party (including any Governmental Authority) alleging (i) that the Consent of such third party is or may be required in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (ii) any material non-compliance with any Law by such Party or its Affiliates; (c) receives any material written notice from any Governmental Authority in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (d) discovers any fact or circumstance that, or becomes aware of the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event the occurrence or non-occurrence of which, would reasonably be expected to cause or result in any of the conditions to set forth in Article VIII not being satisfied or the satisfaction of those conditions being materially delayed; or (e) becomes aware of the commencement or threat, in writing, of any Action against such Party or any of its Affiliates, or any of their respective properties or assets, or, to the Knowledge of such Party, any officer, director, partner, member or manager, in his, her or its capacity as such, of such Party or of its Affiliates with respect to the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. No such notice shall constitute an acknowledgement or admission by the Party providing the notice regarding whether or not any of the conditions to the Closing have been satisfied or in determining whether or not any of the representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement have been breached.
6.8 Efforts .
(a) Subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, each Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts, and shall cooperate fully with the other Parties, to take, or cause to be taken, all actions and to do, or cause to be done, all things necessary, proper or advisable under applicable Laws and regulations to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (including the receipt of all applicable Consents of Governmental Authorities and other Persons) and to comply as promptly as practicable with all requirements of Governmental Authorities applicable to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(b) In furtherance and not in limitation of Section 6.8(a) , to the extent required under any Laws that are designed to prohibit, restrict or regulate actions having the purpose or effect of monopolization or restraint of trade ( Antitrust Laws ), each Party hereto agrees to make any required filing or application under Antitrust Laws, as applicable, at such Partys sole cost and expense (which shall be deemed Transaction Expenses hereunder), with respect to the transactions contemplated hereby as promptly as practicable, to supply as promptly as reasonably practicable any additional information and documentary material that may be requested pursuant to Antitrust Laws and to take all other actions necessary, proper or advisable to cause the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting periods under Antitrust Laws as soon as practicable, including by requesting early termination of the waiting period provided for under the Antitrust Laws. Each Party shall, in
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connection with its efforts to obtain all requisite approvals and authorizations for the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under any Antitrust Law, use its commercially reasonable efforts to: (i) cooperate in all respects with each other Party or its Affiliates in connection with any filing or submission and in connection with any investigation or other inquiry, including any proceeding initiated by a private Person; (ii) keep the other Parties reasonably informed of any communication received by such Party or its Representatives from, or given by such Party or its Representatives to, any Governmental Authority and of any communication received or given in connection with any proceeding by a private Person, in each case regarding any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement; (iii) permit a Representative of the other Parties and their respective outside counsel to review any communication given by it to, and consult with each other in advance of any meeting or conference with, any Governmental Authority or, in connection with any proceeding by a private Person, with any other Person, and to the extent permitted by such Governmental Authority or other Person, give a Representative or Representatives of the other Parties the opportunity to attend and participate in such meetings and conferences; (iv) in the event a Partys Representative is prohibited from participating in or attending any meetings or conferences, the other Parties shall keep such Party promptly and reasonably apprised with respect thereto; and (v) use commercially reasonable efforts to cooperate in the filing of any memoranda, white papers, filings, correspondence or other written communications explaining or defending the transactions contemplated hereby, articulating any regulatory or competitive argument, and/or responding to requests or objections made by any Governmental Authority.
(c) As soon as reasonably practicable following the date of this Agreement, the Parties shall cooperate in all respects with each other and use (and shall cause their respective Affiliates to use) their respective commercially reasonable efforts to prepare and file with Governmental Authorities requests for approval of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and shall use all commercially reasonable efforts to have such Governmental Authorities approve the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Each Party shall give prompt written notice to the other Parties if such Party or its Representatives receives any notice from such Governmental Authorities in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and shall promptly furnish the other Parties with a copy of such Governmental Authority notice. If any Governmental Authority requires that a hearing or meeting be held in connection with its approval of the transactions contemplated hereby, whether prior to the Closing or after the Closing, each Party shall arrange for Representatives of such Party to be present for such hearing or meeting. If any objections are asserted with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement under any applicable Law or if any Action is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) by any applicable Governmental Authority or any private Person challenging any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or any Ancillary Documents as violative of any applicable Law or which would otherwise prevent, materially impede or materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby, the Parties shall use their commercially reasonable efforts to resolve any such objections or Actions so as to timely permit consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents, including in order to resolve such objections or Actions which, in any case if not resolved, could reasonably be expected to prevent, materially impede or materially delay the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. In the event any Action is instituted (or threatened to be instituted) by a Governmental Authority or private Person challenging the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, or any Ancillary Document, the Parties shall, and shall cause their respective Representatives to, cooperate in all respects with each other and use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to contest and resist any such Action and to have vacated, lifted, reversed or overturned any Order, whether temporary, preliminary or permanent, that is in effect and that prohibits, prevents or restricts consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Documents.
(d) Prior to the Closing, each Party shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain any Consents of Governmental Authorities or other third Persons as may be necessary for the consummation by such Party or its Affiliates of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or required as a result of the execution or performance of, or consummation of the transactions contemplated by, this Agreement by such Party or its Affiliates, and the other Parties shall provide reasonable cooperation in connection with such efforts.
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(e) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, no Party shall be required to agree to any term, condition or modification with respect to obtaining any Consents in connection with the transactions contemplated by this Agreement that would result in, or would be reasonably likely to result in: (i) a Material Adverse Effect to such Party or its Affiliates, or (ii) such Party having to cease, sell or otherwise dispose of any material assets or businesses (including the requirement that any such assets or business be held separate).
6.9 Further Assurances . The Parties hereto shall further cooperate with each other and use their respective commercially reasonable efforts to take or cause to be taken all actions, and do or cause to be done all things, necessary, proper or advisable on their part under this Agreement and applicable Laws to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement as soon as reasonably practicable, including preparing and filing as soon as practicable all documentation to effect all necessary notices, reports and other filings.
6.10 The Registration Statement .
(a) The Parent shall prepare, with the assistance of the Company, and simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement (and on the date hereof), file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-4 (as amended or supplemented from time to time, and including the Proxy Statement contained therein, the Registration Statement ) in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of the Parent Common Shares to be issued under this Agreement as the Stock Consideration, which Registration Statement will also contain a proxy statement (as amended, the Proxy Statement ) for the purpose of soliciting proxies from Parent stockholders for the matters to be acted upon at the Special Meeting (as defined below) and providing the Public Stockholders an opportunity in accordance with the Parents Organizational Documents and the IPO Prospectus to have their Parent Common Shares redeemed (the Redemption ) in conjunction with the stockholder vote on the Parent Stockholder Approval Matters. The Proxy Statement shall include proxy materials for the purpose of soliciting proxies from Parent stockholders to vote, at a special meeting of Parent stockholders to be called and held for such purpose (the Special Meeting ), in favor of resolutions approving (i) the adoption and approval of this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby or referred to herein by the Parent stockholders in accordance with the Parents Organizational Documents, the DGCL, and the rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq, (ii) the adoption and approval of a Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Parent (the Amended Parent Charter ), which among other matters will increase the authorized capital stock of the Parent to enable Parent to issue the Total Consideration hereunder and the Parent Common Shares to be issued in the PIPE Investment, and Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Parent, each in form and substance reasonably acceptable to the Parent and the Company, (iii) the appointment and designation of the classes of, the members of the Post-Closing Parent Board, and appointment of the members of any committees thereof, in each case in accordance with Section 6.17 hereof and (iv) such other matters as the Company and Parent shall hereafter mutually determine to be necessary or appropriate in order to effect the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the approvals described in foregoing clauses (i) through (iv), collectively, the Parent Stockholder Approval Matters ), and (v) the adjournment of the Special Meeting, if necessary or desirable in the reasonable determination of Parent. The Proxy Statement shall include the Parent Recommendation, and the Registration Statement and Proxy Statement shall comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the DGCL and Nasdaq rules. Prior to filing with the SEC, the Parent will make available to the Company drafts of the Registration Statement and any other related documents to be filed with the SEC, both preliminary and final, and any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or such other related document and will provide the Company with a reasonable opportunity to comment on such drafts and shall consider such comments in good faith. The Parent shall not file any such documents with the SEC without the prior written consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed).
(b) If on the date for which the Special Meeting is scheduled, Parent has not received proxies representing a sufficient number of shares to obtain the Required Parent Stockholder Vote, whether or not a quorum is present, Parent may make one or more successive postponements or adjournments of the Special Meeting; provided, however, that the Special Meeting may not be postponed or adjourned to a date that is later than the Extension Date. In connection with the Registration Statement, Parent will file with the SEC financial
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and other information about the transactions contemplated by this Agreement in accordance with applicable Law and applicable proxy solicitation and registration statement rules set forth in the Parent Organizational Documents, the DGCL and the rules and regulations of the SEC and Nasdaq. Parent shall cooperate and provide the Company (and its counsel) with a reasonable opportunity to review and comment on the Registration Statement and any amendment or supplement thereto prior to filing the same with the SEC. The Company shall provide Parent with such information concerning the Target Companies and their stockholders, officers, directors, employees, assets, Liabilities, condition (financial or otherwise) business and operations that may be required or appropriate for inclusion in the Registration Statement, or in any amendments or supplements thereto, which information provided by the Company shall be true and correct and not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not materially misleading.
(c) Parent shall take any and all reasonable and necessary actions required to satisfy the requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act and other applicable Laws in connection with the Registration Statement, the Special Meeting and the Redemption. Each of Parent and the Company shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries to, make their respective directors, officers and employees, upon reasonable advance notice, available to the Company, Parent and, after the Closing, the Parent Representative, and their respective Representatives in connection with the drafting of the public filings with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including the Registration Statement, and responding in a timely manner to comments from the SEC. Each Party shall promptly correct any information provided by it for use in the Registration Statement (and other related materials) if and to the extent that such information is determined to have become false or misleading in any material respect or as otherwise required by applicable Laws. Parent shall amend or supplement the Registration Statement and cause the Registration Statement, as so amended or supplemented, to be filed with the SEC and to be disseminated to Parent stockholders, in each case as and to the extent required by applicable Laws and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Parents Organizational Documents.
(d) Parent, with the assistance of the other Parties, shall promptly respond to any SEC comments on the Registration Statement and shall otherwise use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Registration Statement to clear comments from the SEC and become effective. Parent shall provide the Company with copies of any written comments, and shall inform the Company of any material oral comments, that Parent or its Representatives receive from the SEC or its staff with respect to the Registration Statement, the Special Meeting and the Redemption promptly after the receipt of such comments and shall give the Company a reasonable opportunity under the circumstances to review and comment on any proposed written or material oral responses to such comments.
(e) As soon as practicable following the Registration Statement clearing comments from the SEC and becoming effective, Parent shall distribute the Registration Statement to Parents stockholders and the Company Securityholders and, pursuant thereto, shall call the Special Meeting in accordance with the DGCL for a date no later than thirty (30) days following the effectiveness of the Registration Statement.
(f) Parent shall comply with all applicable Laws, any applicable rules and regulations of Nasdaq, Parents Organizational Documents and this Agreement in the preparation, filing and distribution of the Registration Statement, any solicitation of proxies thereunder, the calling and holding of the Special Meeting and the Redemption.
(g) Within one (1) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, Merger Sub I shall deliver to the Company a copy of resolutions duly adopted by its stockholders by written consent approving and authorizing Merger Sub Is execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby. Within one (1) Business Day after the date of this Agreement, Merger Sub II shall deliver to the Company a copy of resolutions duly adopted by the sole member of Merger Sub II by written consent approving and authorizing Merger Sub IIs execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby.
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6.11 Company Stockholder Meeting . As promptly as practicable after the Registration Statement shall have become effective, the Company will call a meeting of its stockholders in order to obtain the Required Company Stockholder Approval (the Company Stockholder Meeting ) and the Company shall use its reasonable best efforts to solicit from the holders of Company Stock proxies in favor of the Required Company Stockholder Approval prior to such Company Meeting, and to take all other actions necessary or advisable to secure the Required Company Stockholder Approval, including enforcing the Voting Agreements.
6.12 PIPE Investment . Parent shall use its commercially reasonable efforts to consummate the PIPE Investment in accordance with the PIPE Agreements (with the understanding the Deferred PIPE Closing will be consummated after the Closing in accordance with the terms of the Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement), and the Company shall cooperate with the Parent in such efforts. The Parent shall not, without the prior written consent of the Company (such consent not to be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned), permit or consent to any amendment, supplement or modification to any PIPE Agreement that would reasonably be expected to be adverse to the Parent or the Company Stockholders. The Parties further acknowledge that, as required by the Company, in the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement, the Sponsor has waived, on behalf of itself and its members and Affiliates, effective upon and conditioned upon the Closing, (i) any rights that it has under Article Fourth, Section B(b)(ii) of the Parents amended and restated certificate of incorporation to the adjustment to the conversion ratio of the Parent Founder Shares in connection with the PIPE Investment or the Closing and (ii) any other preemptive or participation rights that the Sponsor and/or its members or Affiliates may have with respect to the PIPE Investment, including any rights under the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Sponsor.
6.13 Public Announcements .
(a) The Parties agree that no public release, filing or announcement concerning this Agreement or the Ancillary Documents or the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby shall be issued by any Party or any of their Affiliates without the prior written consent of the Parent, the Company, the Seller Representative and, after the Closing, the Parent Representative (in each case, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed), except as such release or announcement may be required by applicable Law or the rules or regulations of any securities exchange, in which case the applicable Party shall use commercially reasonable efforts to allow the other Parties reasonable time to comment on, and arrange for any required filing with respect to, such release or announcement in advance of such issuance.
(b) The Parties shall mutually agree upon and, as promptly as practicable after the execution of this Agreement (but in any event within four (4) Business Days thereafter), issue a press release announcing the execution of this Agreement (the Signing Press Release ). Promptly after the issuance of the Signing Press Release (but in any event within four (4) Business Days after the execution of this Agreement), the Parent shall file a current report on Form 8-K (the Signing Filing ) with the Signing Press Release and a description of this Agreement as required by Federal Securities Laws, which the Company shall review, comment upon and approve (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) prior to filing (with the Company reviewing, commenting upon and approving such Signing Filing in any event no later than the third (3 rd ) Business Day after the execution of this Agreement). The Parties shall mutually agree upon and, as promptly as practicable after the Closing (but in any event within four (4) Business Days thereafter), issue a press release announcing the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement (the Closing Press Release ). Promptly after the issuance of the Closing Press Release (but in any event within four (4) Business Days after the Closing), the Parent shall file a current report on Form 8-K (the Closing Filing ) with the Closing Press Release and a description of the Closing as required by Federal Securities Laws which the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative shall review, comment upon and approve (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed) prior to filing (with the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative each reviewing, commenting upon and approving such Closing Filing in any event no later than the third (3 rd ) Business Day after the Closing). In connection with the preparation of the Signing Press Release, the Signing Filing, the Closing Filing, the Closing Press Release, or any other report, statement, filing notice or application made by or on behalf of a Party to any Governmental Authority or other third party in connection
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with the transactions contemplated hereby, each Party shall, upon request by any other Party, furnish the Parties with all information concerning themselves, their respective directors, officers and equity holders, and such other matters as may be reasonably necessary or advisable in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, or any other report, statement, filing, notice or application made by or on behalf of a Party to any third party and/ or any Governmental Authority in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
6.14 Confidential Information .
(a) The Company hereby agrees that during the Interim Period and, in the event this Agreement is terminated in accordance with Article IX , for a period of two (2) years after such termination, it shall, and shall cause its Representatives to: (i) treat and hold in strict confidence any Parent Confidential Information, and will not use for any purpose (except in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Documents, performing their obligations hereunder or thereunder, enforcing their rights hereunder or thereunder, or in furtherance of their authorized duties on behalf of the Parent or its Subsidiaries), nor directly or indirectly disclose, distribute, publish, disseminate or otherwise make available to any third party any of the Parent Confidential Information without the Parents prior written consent; and (ii) in the event that the Company or any of its Affiliates or Representatives, during the Interim Period or, in the event this Agreement is terminated in accordance with Article IX , for a period of two (2) years after such termination, becomes legally compelled to disclose any Parent Confidential Information, (A) provide the Parent with prompt written notice of such requirement so that the Parent or an Affiliate thereof may seek a protective order or other remedy at its sole cost and expense or waive compliance with this Section 6.14(a) , and (B) in the event that such protective order or other remedy is not obtained, or the Parent waives compliance with this Section 6.14(a) , furnish only that portion of such Parent Confidential Information which is legally required to be provided as advised in writing by outside counsel and to exercise its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain assurances that confidential treatment will be accorded such Parent Confidential Information. In the event that this Agreement is terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby are not consummated, the Company shall, and shall cause its Affiliates and Representatives to, promptly deliver to the Parent or destroy, at its option, any and all copies (in whatever form or medium) of Parent Confidential Information and destroy all notes, memoranda, summaries, analyses, compilations and other writings related thereto or based thereon.
(b) The Parent hereby agrees that during the Interim Period and, in the event this Agreement is terminated in accordance with Article IX , for a period of two (2) years after such termination, it shall, and shall cause its Representatives to: (i) treat and hold in strict confidence any Company Confidential Information, and will not use for any purpose (except in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Documents, performing its obligations hereunder or thereunder or enforcing its rights hereunder or thereunder), nor directly or indirectly disclose, distribute, publish, disseminate or otherwise make available to any third party any of the Company Confidential Information without the Companys prior written consent; and (ii) in the event that the Parent or any of its Representatives, during the Interim Period or, in the event this Agreement is terminated in accordance with Article IX , for a period of two (2) years after such termination, becomes legally compelled to disclose any Company Confidential Information, (A) provide the Company with prompt written notice of such requirement so that the Company may seek a protective order or other remedy at its sole cost and expense or waive compliance with this Section 6.14(b) and (B) in the event that such protective order or other remedy is not obtained, or the Company waives compliance with this Section 6.14(b) , furnish only that portion of such Company Confidential Information which is legally required to be provided as advised in writing by outside counsel and to exercise its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain assurances that confidential treatment will be accorded such Company Confidential Information. In the event that this Agreement is terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby are not consummated, the Parent shall, and shall cause its Representatives to, promptly deliver to the Company or destroy, at its option, any and all copies (in whatever form or medium) of Company Confidential Information and destroy all notes, memoranda, summaries, analyses, compilations and other writings related thereto or based thereon. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Parent and its Representatives shall be permitted to disclose any and all Company Confidential Information to the extent required by the Federal Securities Laws.
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6.15 Documents and Information . After the Closing Date, the Parent and the Surviving Corporation shall, and shall cause their respective Subsidiaries to, until the seventh (7 th ) anniversary of the Closing Date, retain all books, records and other documents pertaining to the business of the Target Companies in existence on the Closing Date and make the same available for inspection and copying by the Parent Representative during normal business hours of the Parent and its Subsidiaries, as applicable, upon reasonable request and upon reasonable notice. No such books, records or documents shall be destroyed after the seventh (7 th ) anniversary of the Closing Date by the Parent or its Subsidiaries (including any Target Company) without first advising the Parent Representative in writing and giving the Parent Representative a reasonable opportunity to obtain possession thereof.
6.16 Indemnification of Directors and Officers; Tail Insurance .
(a) The Parties agree that all rights to exculpation, indemnification and advancement of expenses existing in favor of the current or former directors and officers of the Target Companies, Parent or the Merger Subs (as applicable) and each Person who served as a director, officer, member, trustee or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, pension or other employee benefit plan or enterprise at the request of the Target Companies, Parent or the Merger Subs (the D&O Indemnified Parties ) as provided in their respective Organizational Documents or under any indemnification, employment or other similar agreements between any D&O Indemnified Party and the Target Companies, Parent or the Merger Subs, in each case as in effect on the date of this Agreement, shall survive the Mergers and continue in full force and effect in accordance with their respective terms to the extent permitted by applicable Law. For a period of six (6) years after the Effective Time, the Parent shall cause the Organizational Documents of the Parent, the Surviving Corporation and the other Target Companies to contain provisions no less favorable with respect to exculpation and indemnification of and advancement of expenses to D&O Indemnified Parties than are set forth as of the date of this Agreement in the Organizational Documents of the Parent, the Merger Subs and Target Companies to the extent permitted by applicable Law.
(b) On or prior to the Effective Time, the Parent shall obtain binding policies for run-off coverage for (i) the Target Companies directors and officers in a form acceptable to the Company (the Company D&O Tail Insurance ), which Company D&O Tail Insurance shall provide such directors and officers with coverage for six (6) years following the Effective Time in an amount not less than the existing coverage of the Target Companies and shall have other terms not materially less favorable to the insured persons than the directors and officers liability insurance coverage presently maintained by the Target Companies. The Parent shall, and shall cause the Surviving Corporation to, maintain the Company D&O Tail Insurance in full force and effect, and continue to honor the obligations thereunder. After the Effective Time, the Parent shall timely pay all premiums with respect to the Company D&O Tail Insurance, which such premiums shall constitute a Company Transaction Expense hereunder.
(c) The provisions of this Section 6.16 shall survive the consummation of the Mergers and are intended to be for the benefit of, and shall be enforceable by, each of the D&O Indemnified Parties and their respective heirs and representatives.
(d) For the benefit of the Parents directors and officers, the Parent shall be permitted prior to the Effective Time to obtain and fully pay the premium for a tail insurance policy that provides coverage for up to a six-year period from and after the Effective Time for events occurring prior to the Effective Time (the Parent D&O Tail Insurance ) that is substantially equivalent to and in any event not less favorable in the aggregate than the Parents existing policy (true and complete copies of which have been previously provided to the Company) or, if substantially equivalent insurance coverage is unavailable, the best available coverage. For purposes of this Agreement, the purchase of such Parent D&O Tail Insurance shall be treated as a Parent Transaction Expense. If obtained, the Parent shall maintain the Parent D&O Tail Insurance in full force and effect, and continue to honor the obligations thereunder. After the Effective Time, the Parent shall timely pay all premiums with respect to the Parent D&O Tail Insurance, which such premiums shall constitute a Parent Transaction Expense hereunder.
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6.17 Post-Closing Board of Directors and Executive Officers .
(a) The Parties shall take all necessary action, including causing the directors of the Parent to resign, so that effective as of the Closing, the Parents board of directors (the Post-Closing Parent Board ) will consist of ten (10) individuals. Immediately after the Closing, the Parties shall take all necessary action to designate and appoint to the Post-Closing Parent Board as follows: (i) two (2) persons shall be designated by the Parent prior to the Closing (the Parent Directors ), both of whom shall be required to qualify as an independent director under Nasdaq rules, and (ii) eight (8) persons shall designated by the Company prior to the Closing (the Company Directors ), at least three (3) of whom shall be required to qualify as an independent director under Nasdaq rules. Subject to resignations provided by the Companys directors, the board of directors of the Surviving Corporation immediately after the Closing shall be the same as the board of directors of the Company immediately prior to the Closing. At or prior to the Closing, the Company will provide each Parent Director with a customary director indemnification agreement, in form and substance reasonable acceptable to such Parent Director.
(b) The Parties shall take all action necessary, including causing the executive officers of the Parent to resign, so that the individuals serving as executive officers of the Parent immediately after the Closing will be the same individuals (in the same offices) as those of the Company immediately prior to the Closing.
6.18 Use of Trust Account Proceeds After the Closing . The Parties agree that at the Closing, the funds in the Trust Account and any proceeds received by the Parent from the PIPE Investment, after taking into account payments for the Redemption, shall first be used (i) to pay the Cash Consideration, (ii) to pay any loans owed by the Parent to the Sponsor for any Parent Transaction Expenses or other administrative expenses incurred by the Parent ( Sponsor Loans ), and (iii) to pay all unpaid Transaction Expenses. The Sponsor Loans and Transaction Expenses, as well as any Parent Transaction Expenses that are required to be paid by delivery of the Parents securities, will be paid as and when due pursuant to their terms (including at the Closing to the extent then due pursuant to their terms, or otherwise after the Closing). Any remaining cash will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes.
6.19 Parent Post-Closing Dividend Policy . From and after the Closing, Parent will adopt a stated dividend policy for the Parent to use its commercially reasonable efforts to declare and pay a dividend in such amount as to provide an annual dividend yield to Parents stockholders of at least one percent (1%), subject to the determination by Parents board of directors (i) that such dividend payment is permitted by applicable Law and (ii) that Parent and its Subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, have a sufficient amount of unrestricted cash to make such dividend payment and still satisfy their respective existing liabilities and have sufficient reserves for future contingencies or future needs of the business of Parent and its Subsidiaries. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Parties acknowledge that the Parents board of directors is solely responsible for declaring and paying dividends, and nothing herein shall require a director of Parent to breach its fiduciary duties to the Parent or Parents stockholders.
6.20 Post-Closing Registration Statement . Parent hereby agrees that within thirty (30) days after the Closing, it will (a) file with the SEC a registration statement for the resale of (i) the Parent Securities acquired by the PIPE Investors in the PIPE Investment (including the Parent Securities to be issued in the Deferred PIPE Closing) and (ii) the Parent Securities of any holder that has registration rights with respect thereto, and (b) use its reasonable best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective as promptly as practicable thereafter.
6.21 Security Clearances . During the Interim Period, the Company shall (a) ensure that each of the Defense Security Service of the United States Department of Defense and any other Governmental Authority responsible for the maintenance of the Target Companies facility security clearances, if any, shall not terminate, suspend, revoke or in any way materially change either the Government Contracts with a Target Company or a Target Companys facility security clearance with respect to such Government Contracts as a result of this Agreement or the consummation of the Mergers or the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and (b) continue to take any and all requisite steps to and otherwise cause each of its Subsidiaries to obtain or retain the requisite
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facility and personnel security clearances to own and operate the Target Companies (and any successor thereto) and their respective businesses as currently conducted and as currently contemplated to be conducted without delay or interruption.
6.22 Listing of Parent Common Shares . Parent will use its commercially reasonable efforts to cause the Parent Common Shares that will be issued in connection with the Mergers and the transactions contemplated hereby to be approved for listing on Nasdaq, subject to official notice of issuance, prior to the Effective Time.
ARTICLE VII
SURVIVAL
7.1 Survival . The representations and warranties of the Parent, the Merger Subs and the Company contained in this Agreement or in any certificate or instrument delivered by or on behalf of Parent, the Merger Subs or the Parent Representative or the Company or the Seller Representative pursuant to this Agreement shall not survive the Closing, and from and after the Closing, the Parent, the Merger Subs, the Parent Representative, the Company, the Seller Representative and their respective Representatives shall not have any further obligations, nor shall any claim be asserted or action be brought against the Parent, the Merger Subs, the Parent Representative, the Company, the Seller Representative or their respective Representatives with respect thereto. The covenants and agreements made by the Parent, the Merger Subs, the Parent Representative, the Company and/or the Seller Representative in this Agreement or in any certificate or instrument delivered pursuant to this Agreement, including any rights arising out of any breach of such covenants or agreements, shall not survive the Closing, except for those covenants and agreements contained herein and therein that by their terms apply or are to be performed in whole or in part after the Closing (which such covenants shall survive the Closing and continue until fully performed in accordance with their terms).
ARTICLE VIII
CLOSING CONDITIONS
8.1 Conditions to Each Partys Obligations . The obligations of each Party to consummate the Mergers and other transactions described herein shall be subject to the satisfaction or written waiver (where permissible) by the Company and the Parent of the following conditions:
(a) Required Parent Stockholder Approval . The Parent Stockholder Approval Matters that are submitted to the vote of the shareholders of the Parent at the Special Meeting in accordance with the Proxy Statement shall have been approved by the requisite vote of the shareholders of the Parent at the Special Meeting in accordance with the Proxy Statement (the Required Parent Stockholder Approval ).
(b) Required Company Stockholder Approval . The Company Stockholder Meeting shall have been held in accordance with the DGCL and the Companys Organizational Documents, and the execution and delivery of this Agreement and each Ancillary Document to which the Company is a party or bound, the performance by the Company of its obligations hereunder and thereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, including the Mergers, shall have been approved by the requisite vote of the holders of Company Stock (the Required Company Stockholder Approval ).
(c) Antitrust Laws. Any waiting period (and any extension thereof) applicable to the consummation of this Agreement under any Antitrust Laws shall have expired or been terminated.
(d) Requisite Regulatory Approvals . All Consents required to be obtained from or made with any Governmental Authority in order to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement that are set forth in Schedule 8.1(d) , shall have been obtained or made.
(e) No Law or Order . No Governmental Authority shall have enacted, issued, promulgated, enforced or entered any Law (whether temporary, preliminary or permanent) or Order that is then in effect and which has the effect of making the transactions or agreements contemplated by this Agreement illegal or which otherwise prevents or prohibits consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
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(f) Net Tangible Assets Test. Upon the Closing, and after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption and the PIPE Investment, the Parent shall have net tangible assets of at least $5,000,001.
(g) PIPE Investment. Parent shall have consummated the PIPE Investment (regardless of the gross proceeds raised, and for the avoidance of doubt, excluding the Deferred PIPE Closing).
(h) Appointment to the Post-Closing Parent Board . The members of Parents board of directors shall have been elected or appointed to the Post-Closing Parent Board as of the Closing consistent with the requirements of Section 6.17 .
(i) Registration Statement . The Registration Statement shall have been declared effective by the SEC and shall remain effective as of the Closing.
8.2 Conditions to Obligations of the Company . In addition to the conditions specified in Section 8.1 , the obligations of the Company to consummate the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement are subject to the satisfaction or written waiver (by the Company) of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties . All of the representations and warranties of the Parent set forth in this Agreement and in any certificate delivered by the Parent pursuant hereto shall be true and correct on and as of the date of this Agreement and on and as of the Closing Date as if made on the Closing Date, except for (i) those representations and warranties that address matters only as of a particular date (which representations and warranties shall have been accurate as of such date), and (ii) any failures to be true and correct that (without giving effect to any qualifications or limitations as to materiality or Material Adverse Effect), individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on, or with respect to, the Parent.
(b) Agreements and Covenants . The Parent shall have performed in all material respects all of the Parents obligations and complied in all material respects with all of the Parents agreements and covenants under this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it on or prior to the Closing Date.
(c) No Material Adverse Effect . No Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred with respect to the Parent since the date of this Agreement which is continuing and uncured.
(d) Parent Cash . The Parent Cash shall be equal to no less than One Hundred Twenty-Five Million U.S. Dollars ($125,000,000).
(e) Listing . The Parent Common Shares to be issued in the Mergers and the transactions contemplated hereby shall have been approved for listing on Nasdaq.
(f) Officer Certificate . The Parent shall have delivered to the Company a certificate, dated the Closing Date, signed by an executive officer of the Parent in such capacity, certifying as to the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Sections 8.2(a) , 8.2(b) and 8.2(c) .
(g) Secretary Certificate . The Parent shall have delivered to the Company a certificate from its secretary or other executive officer certifying as to (A) copies of the Parents Organizational Documents as in effect as of the Closing Date, (B) the resolutions of the Parents board of directors authorizing the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and each of the Ancillary Documents to which it is a party or by which it is bound, and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, (C) evidence that the Required Parent Stockholder Approval have been obtained and (D) the incumbency of officers authorized to execute this Agreement or any Ancillary Document to which the Parent is or is required to be a party or otherwise bound.
(h) Good Standing . The Parent shall have delivered to the Company a good standing certificate (or similar documents applicable for such jurisdictions) for the Parent certified as of a date no later than sixty (60) days prior to the Closing Date from the proper Governmental Authority of the Parents jurisdiction of
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organization and from each other jurisdiction in which the Parent is qualified to do business as a foreign entity as of the Closing, in each case to the extent that good standing certificates or similar documents are generally available in such jurisdictions.
(i) Amended Parent Charter . The Parent shall have delivered evidence to the Company that the Parent has filed with the Secretary of State of Delaware the Amended Parent Charter.
(j) Registration Rights Agreement. The Company shall have received a copy of the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by the Parent and the Sponsor.
(k) Lock-Up Agreements. The Company shall have received a copy of each Lock-Up Agreement, duly executed by the Parent.
8.3 Conditions to Obligations of the Parent . In addition to the conditions specified in Section 8.1 , the obligations of the Parent and the Merger Subs to consummate the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement are subject to the satisfaction or written waiver (by the Parent) of the following conditions:
(a) Representations and Warranties . All of the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in this Agreement and in any certificate delivered by the Company, shall be true and correct on and as of the date of this Agreement and on and as of the Closing Date as if made on the Closing Date, except for (i) those representations and warranties that address matters only as of a particular date (which representations and warranties shall have been accurate as of such date), and (ii) any failures to be true and correct that (without giving effect to any qualifications or limitations as to materiality or Material Adverse Effect), individually or in the aggregate, have not had and would not reasonably be expected to have a Material Adverse Effect on, or with respect to, any Target Company.
(b) Agreements and Covenants . The Company shall have performed in all material respects all of its obligations and complied in all material respects with all of its agreements and covenants under this Agreement to be performed or complied with by it on or prior to the Closing Date.
(c) No Material Adverse Effect . No Material Adverse Effect shall have occurred with respect to any Target Company since the date of this Agreement which is continuing and uncured.
(d) Comfort Letter . The Parent shall have received a comfort letter from the Companys independent accountant auditing firm with respect to the financial statements of any of the Target Companies included as part of the Registration Statement (directly or as part of any pro forma financial statements included therein) at the time of the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and as of the Closing Date.
(e) Officer Certificate . The Parent shall have received a certificate from the Company, dated as the Closing Date, signed by an executive officer of the Company in such capacity, certifying as to the satisfaction of the conditions specified in Sections 8.3(a) , 8.3(b) and 8.3(c)
(f) Secretary Certificate . The Company shall have delivered to the Parent a certificate executed by the Companys secretary or other executive officer certifying as to the validity and effectiveness of, and attaching, each of the following: (A) a copy of the Companys Organizational Documents as in effect as of the Closing Date (immediately prior to the Effective Time); (B) the requisite resolutions of the Companys board of directors authorizing and approving the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and each of the Ancillary Documents to which it is a party or by which it is bound, and the consummation of the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated hereby and thereby, and recommending the approval and adoption of the same by the Company Stockholders at a duly called meeting of Company Stockholders; (C) the Required Company Stockholder Approval; and (D) the incumbency of officers of the Company authorized to execute this Agreement and any Ancillary Document to which the Company is or is required to be a party or otherwise bound.
(g) Good Standing . The Company shall have delivered to the Parent good standing certificates (or similar documents applicable for such jurisdictions) for each Target Company certified as of a date no later than
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sixty (60) days prior to the Closing Date from the proper Governmental Authority of the Target Companys jurisdiction of organization and from each other jurisdiction in which the Target Company is qualified to do business as a foreign corporation or other entity as of the Closing, in each case to the extent that good standing certificates or similar documents are generally available in such jurisdictions.
(h) Lock-Up Agreements . The Parent shall have received a Lock-Up Agreement for each Company Securityholder, duly executed by such Company Securityholder.
(i) Registration Rights Agreement . The Parent shall have received a copy of the Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed by each Company Stockholder holding shares of Company Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time.
(j) Option Cancellation Agreement . The Parent shall have received a copy of an Option Cancellation Agreement, duly executed by each holder of Company Options.
(k) Legal Opinion . Parent shall have received a duly executed, customary corporate opinion from the Companys counsel or counsels, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Parent, addressed to the Parent and dated as of the Closing Date.
(l) Acceleration and Termination of Company Convertible Securities . The Parent shall have received evidence reasonably acceptable to the Parent that (A) the Company shall have accelerated all Company Options so, as of the Effective Time, no Company Option is unvested and (B) the Company shall have terminated, extinguished and cancelled in full any issued or outstanding Company Convertible Securities or commitments therefor.
(m) Termination of Certain Contracts . The Parent shall have received evidence reasonably acceptable to the Parent that the Contracts involving the Target Companies and/or Company Securityholders set forth on Schedule 8.3(m) shall have been terminated with no further obligation or Liability of the Target Companies thereunder.
8.4 Frustration of Conditions . Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, no Party may rely on the failure of any condition set forth in this Article VIII to be satisfied if such failure was caused by the failure of such Party or its Affiliates (or with respect to the Company, any Target Company or Company Securityholder) failure to comply with or perform any of its covenants or obligations set forth in this Agreement.
ARTICLE IX
TERMINATION AND EXPENSES
9.1 Termination . This Agreement may be terminated and the transactions contemplated hereby may be abandoned at any time prior to the Closing as follows:
(a) by mutual written consent of the Parent and the Company;
(b) by written notice by the Parent or the Company if any of the conditions to the Closing set forth in Article VIII have not been satisfied or waived by March 31, 2018 (the Outside Date ); provided , however , the right to terminate this Agreement under this Section 9.1(b) shall not be available to (i) Parent if the breach or violation by such Party or its Affiliates of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under this Agreement was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date or (ii) the Company if any action or omission by a Target Company or its Affiliates (including any acquisitions that individually or in the aggregate would require the preparation of pro forma financial statements pursuant to Regulation S-X), in each case that was not previously expressly approved in writing by Parent, was the cause of, or resulted in, the failure of the Closing to occur on or before the Outside Date;
(c) by written notice by either the Parent or the Company if a Governmental Authority of competent jurisdiction shall have issued an Order or taken any other action permanently restraining, enjoining or otherwise
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prohibiting the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, and such Order or other action has become final and non-appealable; provided , however , that the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9.1(c) shall not be available to a Party if the failure by such Party or its Affiliates to comply with any provision of this Agreement has been a substantial cause of, or substantially resulted in, such action by such Governmental Authority;
(d) by written notice by the Company, if (i) there has been a material breach by the Parent of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement, or if any representation or warranty of the Parent shall have become materially untrue or materially inaccurate, in any case, which would result in a failure of a condition set forth in Section 8.2(a) or Section 8.2(b) to be satisfied (treating the Closing Date for such purposes as the date of this Agreement or, if later, the date of such breach), and (ii) the breach or inaccuracy is incapable of being cured or is not cured within the earlier of (A) twenty (20) days after written notice of such breach or inaccuracy is provided by the Company or (B) the Outside Date; provided , that the Company shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9.1(d) if at such time the Company is in material uncured breach of this Agreement;
(e) by written notice by the Parent, if (i) there has been a breach by the Company of any of its representations, warranties, covenants or agreements contained in this Agreement, or if any representation or warranty of such Parties shall have become untrue or inaccurate, in any case, which would result in a failure of a condition set forth in Section 8.3(a) or Section 8.3(b) to be satisfied (treating the Closing Date for such purposes as the date of this Agreement or, if later, the date of such breach), and (ii) the breach or inaccuracy is incapable of being cured or is not cured within the earlier of (A) twenty (20) days after written notice of such breach or inaccuracy is provided by the Parent or (B) the Outside Date; provided , that the Parent shall not have the right to terminate this Agreement pursuant to this Section 9.1(e) if at such time the Company is in material uncured breach of this Agreement;
(f) by written notice by the Parent if there shall have been a Material Adverse Effect on the Company or its Subsidiaries following the date of this Agreement which is uncured and continuing within twenty (20) days after written notice of such Material Adverse Effect is provided by the Parent;
(g) by written notice by either the Parent or the Company, if the Special Meeting has been held (including any adjournment or postponement thereof), has concluded, the Parents stockholders have duly voted, and the Required Parent Stockholder Approval was not obtained; or
(h) by written notice by either the Parent or the Company, if the Company Stockholder Meeting has been held (including any adjournment or postponement thereof), has concluded, the Companys stockholders have duly voted, and the Required Company Stockholder Approval was not obtained.
9.2 Effect of Termination . This Agreement may only be terminated in the circumstances described in Section 9.1 and pursuant to a written notice delivered by the applicable Party to the other applicable Parties, which sets forth the basis for such termination, including the provision of Section 9.1 under which such termination is made. In the event of the valid termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.1 , this Agreement shall forthwith become void, and there shall be no Liability on the part of any Party or any of their respective Representatives, and all rights and obligations of each Party shall cease, except: (i) Sections 6.13 , 6.14 , 9.3 , 9.4 , 10.1 , Article XI and this Section 9.2 shall survive the termination of this Agreement, and (ii) nothing herein shall relieve any Party from Liability for any willful breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation under this Agreement or any Fraud of such Party, in either case, prior to termination of this Agreement (in each case of clauses (i) and (ii) above, subject to Section 10.1 ). Without limiting the foregoing, and except as provided in Section 9.3 and this Section 9.2 (including clause (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence, but subject to Section 10.1 ), and subject to the right to seek injunctions, specific performance or other equitable relief in accordance with Section 11.7 , the Parties sole right prior to the Closing with respect to any breach of any representation, warranty, covenant or other agreement contained in this Agreement by another Party or with respect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement shall be the right, if applicable, to terminate this Agreement pursuant to Section 9.1 .
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9.3 Transaction Expenses . All Transaction Expenses shall be paid by Parent and/or the Company at or after the Closing pursuant to Section 6.18 ; provided , that, in the event of termination of this Agreement, all Transaction Expenses shall be paid by the Party incurring such expenses; provided , further , that, in the event of such termination, the Company shall reimburse the Seller Representative for all costs and expenses incurred by the Seller Representative in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby.
9.4 Termination Fee .
(a) Notwithstanding Section 9.3 above, in the event that there is a valid and effective termination of this Agreement by the Company pursuant to Section 9.1(d) due to the Parents breach of its representations and warranties in Sections 4.20 or 4.22 or its covenants in Section 6.12 , then the Parent shall pay to the Company a termination fee in an amount in cash equal to $2,500,000 (the Termination Fee ), payable by the Parent upon the earlier of the Parents completion of a Business Combination with another Person thereafter or the dissolution and liquidation of the Parent (solely to the extent of funds outside of the Trust Account after payment of the amounts owed to Public Stockholders with respect to their Parent Common Shares in connection with such dissolution and liquidation), by wire transfer of immediately available funds to an account designated in writing by the Company.
(b) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Parties expressly acknowledge and agree that, with respect to any termination of this Agreement in circumstances where a Termination Fee is payable under this Section 9.4 , the payment of the Termination Fee shall, in light of the difficulty of accurately determining actual damages, constitute liquidated damages with respect to any claim for damages or any other claim which the Company would otherwise be entitled to assert against the Parent or its Affiliates or any of their respective assets, or against any of their respective directors, officers, employees or shareholders with respect to this Agreement and the transactions contemplated hereby and shall constitute the sole and exclusive remedy available to the Company, provided, that the foregoing shall not limit (x) any claim for Fraud prior to termination of this Agreement or (y) the rights of the Company to seek specific performance or other injunctive relief in lieu of terminating this Agreement.
ARTICLE X
WAIVERS AND RELEASES
10.1 Waiver of Claims Against Trust . Reference is made to the IPO Prospectus. The Company represents and warrants that it has read the IPO Prospectus and understands that Parent has established the Trust Account containing the proceeds of the IPO and overallotment shares acquired by Parents underwriters (including interest accrued from time to time thereon) for the benefit of Parents public stockholders (including overallotment shares acquired by Parents underwriters) (the Public Stockholders ) and that, except as otherwise described in the IPO Prospectus, Parent may disburse monies from the Trust Account only: (a) to the Public Shareholders in the event they elect to redeem their Parent Common Shares in connection with the consummation of its initial business combination (as such term is used in the IPO Prospectus) ( Business Combination ) or in connection with an extension of the deadline to consummate a Business Combination, (b) to the Public Shareholders if the Parent fails to consummate a Business Combination within twenty-four (24) months after the closing of the IPO, (c) with respect to any interest earned on the amounts held in the Trust Account, as necessary to pay any franchise or income Taxes, and (d) to the Parent after or concurrently with the consummation of its Business Combination. For and in consideration of Parent entering into this Agreement and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which is hereby acknowledged, the Company hereby agrees on behalf of itself and its Affiliates that, notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, neither the Company nor its Affiliates does now or shall at any time prior to the Effective Time have any right, title, interest or claim of any kind in or to any monies in the Trust Account (or, or at any time hereafter, to distributions therefrom to Public Stockholders or otherwise occurring prior to the Closing in accordance with the terms of the Trust Agreement Public Distributions ), or make any claim against the Trust Account (including any Public Distributions therefrom), regardless of whether such claim arises as a result of, in connection with or relating in any way to, this Agreement or any proposed or actual business relationship between the Parent or its
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Representatives, on the one hand, and the Company or its Representatives, on the other hand, this Agreement or any other matter, and regardless of whether such claim arises based on contract, tort, equity or any other theory of legal liability (any and all such claims are collectively referred to hereafter as the Released Claims ). The Company on behalf of itself and its Affiliates hereby irrevocably waives any Released Claims that the Company or its Affiliates may have against the Trust Account (including any Public Distributions therefrom) now or in the future as a result of, or arising out of, any negotiations, contracts or agreements with Parent or its Representatives and will not seek recourse against the Trust Account (including any Public Distributions therefrom) for any reason whatsoever (including for an alleged breach of this Agreement or any other agreement with Parent or its Affiliates). The Company agrees and acknowledges that such irrevocable waiver is material to this Agreement and specifically relied upon by the Parent and its Affiliates to induce Parent to enter in this Agreement, and the Company further intends and understands such waiver to be valid, binding and enforceable against the Company and each of its Affiliates under applicable Law. To the extent the Company or any of its Affiliates commences any action or proceeding based upon, in connection with, relating to or arising out of any matter relating to the Parent or its Representatives, which proceeding seeks, in whole or in part, monetary relief against the Parent or its Representatives, the Company hereby acknowledges and agrees the Companys and its Affiliates sole remedy shall be against funds held outside of the Trust Account and that such claim shall not permit any the Company or its Affiliates (or any Person claiming on any of their behalves or in lieu of them) to have any claim against the Trust Account (including any Public Distributions therefrom) or any amounts contained therein. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (x) nothing herein shall serve to limit or prohibit the Companys or the Seller Representatives right to pursue a claim against the Parent for legal relief against monies or other assets held outside the Trust Account (other than Public Distributions therefrom), or for specific performance or other equitable relief in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement pursuant to Section 11.7 hereof (including a claim for Parent to specifically perform its obligations under this Agreement and cause the disbursement of the balance of the cash remaining in the Trust Account (after giving effect to the redemption of Parent Common Shares pursuant to the Redemption) to the Company and the Company Securityholders in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Trust Agreement, and (y) nothing herein shall serve to limit or prohibit any claims that the Company and the Seller Representative may have in the future against the Parents assets or funds that are not held in the Trust Account (including any funds that have been released from the Trust Account to Parent upon Parents Business Combination and any assets that have been purchased or acquired with any such funds, but excluding Public Distributions therefrom). This Section 10.1 shall survive termination of this Agreement for any reason.
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ARTICLE XI MISCELLANEOUS
11.1 Notices . All notices, consents, waivers and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered (i) in person, (ii) by facsimile or other electronic means, with affirmative confirmation of receipt, (iii) one Business Day after being sent, if sent by reputable, nationally recognized overnight courier service or (iv) three (3) Business Days after being mailed, if sent by registered or certified mail, pre-paid and return receipt requested, in each case to the applicable Party at the following addresses (or at such other address for a Party as shall be specified by like notice):
If to the Parent or Merger Subs at or prior to the Closing to:
Forum Merger Corporation c/o Forum Investors I, LLC 135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor New York, New York Attn: David Boris Telephone No.: (212) 739-7860 Email: david@forummerger.com |
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor New York, New York 10105 Attn: Douglas Ellenoff, Esq. Tamar Donikyan, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 370-7889 Telephone No.: (212) 370-1300 Email: ellenoff@egsllp.com tdonikyan@egsllp.com
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If to the Company or the Surviving Corporation or Surviving Entity, to:
Prior to the Second Merger:
C1 Investment Inc. 3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 Attn: John McKenna, Chief Executive Officer
After the Second Merger:
C1 Investment LLC 3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 Attn: John McKenna, Chief Executive Officer |
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130 Attn: Mehdi Khodadad, Esq. Attn: John T. McKenna, Esq. Facsimile No.: (650) 849-7400 Telephone No.: (650) 843-5000 Email: mkhodadad@cooley.com jmckenna@cooley.com and
Hogan Lovells US LLP 4085 Campbell Avenue, Suite 100 Menlo Park, CA 94025 Attn: Mark L. Heimlich Attn: Alexander B. Johnson Attn: John H. Booher Facsimile No.: (650) 463-4199 Telephone No.: (650) 463-4000
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If to the Seller Representative to:
Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P. 233 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 800 Santa Monica, CA 90401 Attn: Behdad Eghbali, Partner Facsimile: (310) 400-8801 E-mail: behdad@clearlakecapital.com |
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130 Attn: Mehdi Khodadad, Esq. Attn: John T. McKenna, Esq. Facsimile No.: (650) 849-7400 Telephone No.: (650) 843-5000 Email: mkhodadad@cooley.com jmckenna@cooley.com
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If to the Parent or the Parent Representative after the Closing, to:
ConvergeOne, Inc. 3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 Attn: Chairman of the Board of Directors |
with a copy (which will not constitute notice) to:
Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130 Attn: Mehdi Khodadad, Esq. Attn: John T. McKenna, Esq. Facsimile No.: (650) 849-7400 Telephone No.: (650) 843-5000 Email: mkhodadad@cooley.com jmckenna@cooley.com and
Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor New York, New York 10105 Attn: Douglas Ellenoff, Esq. Tamar Donikyan, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 370-7889 Telephone No.: (212) 370-1300 Email: ellenoff@egsllp.com tdonikyan@egsllp.com |
11.2 Binding Effect; Assignment . This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the Parties hereto and their respective successors and permitted assigns. This Agreement shall not be assigned by operation of Law or otherwise without the prior written consent of the Parent, the Company, the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative, and any assignment without such consent shall be null and void; provided that no such assignment shall relieve the assigning Party of its obligations hereunder.
11.3 Third Parties . Except for (a) the rights of the PIPE Investors and any Person that has been engaged as a placement agent in connection with the PIPE Investment (who shall, in each case, be entitled to rely, subject to the same limitations with respect to reliance and survival applicable to the Parties as set forth in this Agreement (including Sections 4.21 , 5.29 and 7.1 ), on the representations and warranties of the Parties set forth in this Agreement, it being understood and agreed that such Persons shall have no right to rely (i) on any other provisions of this Agreement and shall have no rights or recourse against the Company Securityholders with respect to any of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or (ii) any other instrument or document executed by the Company or the Company Securityholders in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby, and (b) the rights of the D&O Indemnified Parties set forth in Section 6.16 , which the Parties acknowledge and agree are express third party beneficiaries of this Agreement, nothing contained in this Agreement (except as set forth in the next sentence) or in any instrument or document executed by any party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall create any rights in, or be deemed to have been executed for the benefit of, any Person that is not a Party hereto or thereto or a successor or permitted assign of such a Party. Notwithstanding the foregoing, from and after the Effective Time, the Company Securityholders (and their successors, heirs and legal representatives (including the Seller Representative) are intended third party beneficiaries of, and may enforce (subject to Section 11.14 ) Article I and Article II . The Parent Representative from and after the Closing shall be deemed to be a Party to this Agreement for purposes of enforcing its rights and obligations under this Agreement.
11.4 Arbitration . Any and all disputes, controversies and claims (other than disputes subject to the procedures under Section 1.12 or 2.2 or applications for a temporary restraining order, preliminary injunction, permanent injunction or other equitable relief or application for enforcement of a resolution under this Section 11.4 ) arising out of, related to, or in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated
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hereby (a Dispute ) shall be governed by this Section 11.4 . A party must, in the first instance, provide written notice of any Disputes to the other parties subject to such Dispute, which notice must provide a reasonably detailed description of the matters subject to the Dispute. The parties involved in such Dispute shall seek to resolve the Dispute on an amicable basis within ten (10) Business Days of the notice of such Dispute being received by such other parties subject to such Dispute; the Resolution Period ); provided , that if any Dispute would reasonably be expected to have become moot or otherwise irrelevant if not decided within sixty (60) days after the occurrence of such Dispute, then there shall be no Resolution Period with respect to such Dispute. Any Dispute that is not resolved during the Resolution Period may immediately be referred to and finally resolved by arbitration pursuant to the then-existing Expedited Procedures (as defined in the AAA Procedures) of the Commercial Arbitration Rules (the AAA Procedures ) of the American Arbitration Association (the AAA ). Any party involved in such Dispute may submit the Dispute to the AAA to commence the proceedings after the Resolution Period. To the extent that the AAA Procedures and this Agreement are in conflict, the terms of this Agreement shall control. The arbitration shall be conducted by one arbitrator nominated by the AAA promptly (but in any event within five (5) Business Days) after the submission of the Dispute to the AAA and reasonably acceptable to each party subject to the Dispute, which arbitrator shall be a commercial lawyer with substantial experience arbitrating disputes under acquisition agreements. The arbitrator shall accept his or her appointment and begin the arbitration process promptly (but in any event within five (5) Business Days) after his or her nomination and acceptance by the parties subject to the Dispute. The proceedings shall be streamlined and efficient. The arbitrator shall decide the Dispute in accordance with the substantive law of the state of New York. Time is of the essence. Each party shall submit a proposal for resolution of the Dispute to the arbitrator within twenty (20) days after confirmation of the appointment of the arbitrator. The arbitrator shall have the power to order any party to do, or to refrain from doing, anything consistent with this Agreement, the Ancillary Documents and applicable Law, including to perform its contractual obligation(s); provided, that the arbitrator shall be limited to ordering pursuant to the foregoing power (and, for the avoidance of doubt, shall order) the relevant party (or parties, as applicable) to comply with only one or the other of the proposals. The arbitrators award shall be in writing and shall include a reasonable explanation of the arbitrators reason(s) for selecting one or the other proposal. The seat of arbitration shall be in New York County, State of New York. The language of the arbitration shall be English.
11.5 Governing Law; Jurisdiction . This Agreement shall be governed by, construed and enforced in accordance with the Laws of the State of New York without regard to the conflict of laws principles thereof; provided, that, to the extent required by the Laws of the State of Delaware (including any Law related to any fiduciary duty, duty of loyalty, or other duty or obligation of the Companys or the Parents respective boards of directors with respect to the Mergers or this Agreement), such Laws of the State of Delaware will apply to the Mergers. Subject to Section 11.4 , all Actions arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be heard and determined exclusively in any state or federal court located in New York, New York (or in any appellate courts thereof) (the Specified Courts ). Subject to Section 11.4 , each Party hereto hereby (a) submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of any Specified Court for the purpose of any Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any Party hereto and (b) irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert by way of motion, defense or otherwise, in any such Action, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the Action is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the Action is improper, or that this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may not be enforced in or by any Specified Court. Each Party agrees that a final judgment in any Action shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law. Each Party irrevocably consents to the service of the summons and complaint and any other process in any other Action relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on behalf of itself, or its property, by personal delivery of copies of such process to such Party at the applicable address set forth in Section 11.1 . Nothing in this Section 11.5 shall affect the right of any Party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by Law.
11.6 WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY
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JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. EACH PARTY HERETO (A) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF ANY ACTION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THAT FOREGOING WAIVER AND (B) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 11.6 .
11.7 Specific Performance . Each Party acknowledges that the rights of each Party to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby are unique, recognizes and affirms that in the event of a breach of this Agreement by any Party, money damages would be inadequate and the non-breaching Parties would not have adequate remedy at law, and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed by an applicable Party in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. Accordingly, each Party shall be entitled to seek an injunction or restraining order to prevent breaches of this Agreement and to seek to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, without the requirement to post any bond or other security or to prove that money damages would be inadequate, this being in addition to any other right or remedy to which such Party may be entitled under this Agreement, at law or in equity.
11.8 Severability . In case any provision in this Agreement shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in a jurisdiction, such provision shall be modified or deleted, as to the jurisdiction involved, only to the extent necessary to render the same valid, legal and enforceable, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby nor shall the validity, legality or enforceability of such provision be affected thereby in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the Parties will substitute for any invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision a suitable and equitable provision that carries out, so far as may be valid, legal and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision.
11.9 Amendment . This Agreement may be amended, supplemented or modified only by execution of a written instrument signed by the Parent, the Company, the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative.
11.10 Waiver . The Parent on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, the Company on behalf of itself and its Affiliates, and the Seller Representative on behalf of itself and the Company Securityholders, may in its sole discretion (i) extend the time for the performance of any obligation or other act of any other non-Affiliated Party hereto, (ii) waive any inaccuracy in the representations and warranties by such other non-Affiliated Party contained herein or in any document delivered pursuant hereto and (iii) waive compliance by such other non-Affiliated Party with any covenant or condition contained herein. Any such extension or waiver shall be valid only if set forth in an instrument in writing signed by the Party or Parties to be bound thereby (including by the Parent Representative or Seller Representative in lieu of such Party to the extent provided in this Agreement). Notwithstanding the foregoing, no failure or delay by a Party in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise of any other right hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any waiver of any provision of this Agreement after the Closing shall also require the prior written consent of the Parent Representative.
11.11 Entire Agreement . This Agreement and the documents or instruments referred to herein, including any exhibits and schedules attached hereto, which exhibits and schedules are incorporated herein by reference, together with the Ancillary Documents, embody the entire agreement and understanding of the Parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein. There are no restrictions, promises, representations, warranties, covenants or undertakings, other than those expressly set forth or referred to herein or the documents or instruments referred to herein, which collectively supersede all prior agreements and the understandings among the Parties with respect to the subject matter contained herein. In furtherance of, and without limiting the foregoing, the Parties acknowledge that (i) the execution of this Agreement is the culmination of extensive
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negotiations between them, all of which were intended to be non-binding upon the Parties until memorialized in the executed copy of this Agreement and none of which should be construed as having created any type of oral agreement between the Parties, and (ii) except as expressly provided in Article IV (as modified by the Parent Disclosure Schedules) and Article V (as modified by the Company Disclosure Schedules), none of the Parties hereto has made or is making any representations or warranties whatsoever, implied or otherwise.
11.12 Interpretation . The table of contents and the Article and Section headings contained in this Agreement are solely for the purpose of reference, are not part of the agreement of the Parties and shall not in any way affect the meaning or interpretation of this Agreement. In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: (a) any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and words in the singular, including any defined terms, include the plural and vice versa; (b) reference to any Person includes such Persons successors and assigns but, if applicable, only if such successors and assigns are permitted by this Agreement, and reference to a Person in a particular capacity excludes such Person in any other capacity; (c) any accounting term used and not otherwise defined in this Agreement or any Ancillary Document has the meaning assigned to such term in accordance with GAAP; (d) including (and with correlative meaning include) means including without limiting the generality of any description preceding or succeeding such term and shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words without limitation; (e) the words herein, hereto, and hereby and other words of similar import in this Agreement shall be deemed in each case to refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular Section or other subdivision of this Agreement; (f) the word if and other words of similar import when used herein shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the phrase and only if; (g) the term or means and/or; (h) any reference to the term ordinary course or ordinary course of business shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words consistent with past practice; (i) any agreement, instrument, insurance policy, Law or Order defined or referred to herein or in any agreement or instrument that is referred to herein means such agreement, instrument, insurance policy, Law or Order as from time to time amended, modified or supplemented, including (in the case of agreements or instruments) by waiver or consent and (in the case of statutes, regulations, rules or orders) by succession of comparable successor statutes, regulations, rules or orders and references to all attachments thereto and instruments incorporated therein; (j) except as otherwise indicated, all references in this Agreement to the words Section, Article, Schedule, and Exhibit are intended to refer to Sections, Articles, Schedules and Exhibits to this Agreement; and (k) the term Dollars or $ means United States dollars. Any reference in this Agreement or any Ancillary Document to a Persons directors shall including any member of such Persons governing body and any reference in this Agreement to a Persons officers shall including any Person filling a substantially similar position for such Person. Any reference in this Agreement or any Ancillary Document to a Persons shareholders or stockholders shall include any applicable owners of the equity interests of such Person, in whatever form. The Parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. Consequently, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the Parties hereto, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement. To the extent that any Contract, document, certificate or instrument is represented and warranted to by the Company to be given, delivered, provided or made available by the Company, in order for such Contract, document, certificate or instrument to have been deemed to have been given, delivered, provided and made available to the Parent or its Representatives, such Contract, document, certificate or instrument shall have been posted to the electronic data site maintained on behalf of the Company for the benefit of the Parent and its Representatives and the Parent and its Representatives have been given access to the electronic folders containing such information.
11.13 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile or other electronic transmission) in one or more counterparts, and by the different Parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement.
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11.14 Seller Representative .
(a) By the execution and delivery of this Agreement (and with respect to Company Secuirtyholders, by deliver of a Letter of Transmittal), the Company (solely with respect to periods prior to the Effective Time) and each Company Securityholder on behalf of itself and its successors and assigns, hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P. in its capacity as the Seller Representative, as the true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact of the Company and such Company Securityholder with full powers of substitution to act in the name, place and stead of thereof with respect to the performance on behalf of such Person under the terms and provisions of this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents to which the Seller Representative is a party, as the same may be from time to time amended, and to do or refrain from doing all such further acts and things, and to execute all such documents on behalf of such Person, if any, as the Seller Representative will deem necessary or appropriate in connection with any of the transactions contemplated under this Agreement or any of the Ancillary Documents to which the Seller Representative is a party, including: (i) making on behalf of such Person any determinations and taking all actions on their behalf relating to the adjustments to the Merger Consideration described in Section 1.12 or the achievement of the Earnout Payments under Article II and any disputes with respect thereto; (ii) terminating, amending or waiving on behalf of such Person any provision of this Agreement or any Ancillary Documents to which the Seller Representative is a party (provided, that any such action, if material to the rights and obligations of the Company Securityholders in the reasonable judgment of the Seller Representative, will be taken in the same manner with respect to all Company Securityholders unless otherwise agreed by each Company Securityholder who is subject to any disparate treatment of a potentially adverse nature); (iii) signing on behalf of such Person any releases or other documents with respect to any dispute or remedy arising under this Agreement or any Ancillary Documents to which the Seller Representative is a party; (iv) employing and obtaining the advice of legal counsel, accountants and other professional advisors as the Seller Representative, in its reasonable discretion, deems necessary or advisable in the performance of its duties as the Seller Representative and to rely on their advice and counsel; (v) incurring and paying reasonable costs and expenses, including fees of brokers, attorneys and accountants incurred pursuant to the transactions contemplated hereby, and any other reasonable fees and expenses allocable or in any way relating to such transaction or any indemnification claim, whether incurred prior or subsequent to Closing; (vi) receiving all or any portion of the consideration provided to the Company Securityholders under this Agreement and to distribute the same to the Company Securityholders in accordance with their Pro Rata Share; and (vii) otherwise enforcing the rights and obligations of any such Persons under this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents to which the Seller Representative is a party, including giving and receiving all notices and communications hereunder or thereunder on behalf of such Person. All decisions and actions by the Seller Representative, including any agreement between the Seller Representative and the Parent Representative or the Parent, shall be binding upon the Company (with respect to periods prior to the Effective Time), each Company Securityholder and their respective successors and assigns, and they shall not have the right to object, dissent, protest or otherwise contest the same. The provisions of this Section 11.14 are irrevocable and coupled with an interest. The Seller Representative hereby accepts its appointment and authorization as the Seller Representative under this Agreement
(b) Any other Person, including the Parent Representative, the Parent, the Company and the Company Securityholders may conclusively and absolutely rely, without inquiry, upon any actions of the Seller Representative as the acts of the Company (for periods prior to the Effective Time) and the Company Securityholders hereunder or any Ancillary Document to which the Seller Representative is a party. The Parent Representative, the Parent and the Company shall be entitled to rely conclusively on the instructions and decisions of the Seller Representative as to (i) any payment instructions provided by the Seller Representative or (ii) any other actions required or permitted to be taken by the Seller Representative hereunder, and neither the Company nor any Company Securityholder shall have any cause of action against the Parent Representative, the Parent or the Company for any action taken by any of them in reliance upon the instructions or decisions of the Seller Representative. The Parent Representative, the Parent and the Company shall not have any Liability to the Company or any Company Securityholder for any allocation or distribution among the Company Securityholders by the Seller Representative of payments made to or at the direction of the Seller Representative. All notices or
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other communications required to be made or delivered to the Company or a Company Securityholder under this Agreement or any Ancillary Document to which the Seller Representative is a party shall be made to the Seller Representative for the benefit of such Company Securityholder, and any notices so made shall discharge in full all notice requirements of the other parties hereto or thereto to such Company Securityholder with respect thereto. All notices or other communications required to be made or delivered by the Company or a Company Securityholder shall be made by the Seller Representative (except for a notice under Section 11.14(d) of the replacement of the Seller Representative).
(c) The Seller Representative will act for the Company and the Company Securityholders on all of the matters set forth in this Agreement in the manner the Seller Representative believes to be in the best interest of the Company and the Company Securityholders, but the Seller Representative will not be responsible to Company or the Company Securityholders for any Losses that Company or the Company Securityholders may suffer by reason of the performance by the Seller Representative of the Seller Representatives duties under this Agreement, other than Losses arising from the bad faith, gross negligence or willful misconduct by the Seller Representative in the performance of its duties under this Agreement. The Parent shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Seller Representative from and against any and all Losses incurred without gross negligence, bad faith or willful misconduct on the part of the Seller Representative (in its capacity as such) and arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the Seller Representatives duties under this Agreement or any Ancillary Document, including the reasonable fees and expenses of any legal counsel retained by the Seller Representative. In no event shall the Seller Representative in such capacity be liable hereunder or in connection herewith for any indirect, punitive, special or consequential damages. The Seller Representative shall not be liable for any act done or omitted under this Agreement or any Ancillary Document as the Seller Representative while acting in good faith and without willful misconduct or gross negligence, and any act done or omitted pursuant to the advice of counsel shall be conclusive evidence of such good faith. The Seller Representative shall be fully protected in relying upon any written notice, demand, certificate or document that it in good faith believes to be genuine, including facsimiles or copies thereof, and no Person shall have any Liability for relying on the Seller Representative in the foregoing manner. In connection with the performance of its rights and obligations hereunder, the Seller Representative shall have the right at any time and from time to time to select and engage, at the reasonable cost and expense of the Parent, attorneys, accountants, investment bankers, advisors, consultants and clerical personnel and obtain such other professional and expert assistance, maintain such records and incur other reasonable out-of-pocket expenses, as the Seller Representative may reasonably deem necessary or appropriate from time to time. All of the indemnities, immunities, releases and powers granted to the Seller Representative under this Section 11.14 shall survive the Closing and continue indefinitely
(d) If the Seller Representative shall die, become disabled, dissolve, resign or otherwise be unable or unwilling to fulfill its responsibilities as representative and agent of Company Securityholders, then the Company Securityholders shall, within ten (10) days after such death, disability, dissolution, resignation or other event, appoint a successor Seller Representative (by vote or written consent of the Company Securityholders holding in the aggregate a Pro Rata Share in excess of fifty percent (50%)), and promptly thereafter (but in any event within two (2) Business Days after such appointment) notify the Parent Representative and the Parent in writing of the identity of such successor. Any such successor so appointed shall become the Seller Representative for purposes of this Agreement.
11.15 Acknowledgement; Waiver of Conflicts; Retention of Privilege.
(a) Each of the Parties hereto acknowledges and agrees that (i) Cooley LLP and Hogan Lovells US LLP (together, Prior Company Counsel ) has acted as counsel to the Company in various matters involving a range of issues and as counsel to the Company in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents, and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby and (ii) Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP ( Prior Parent Counsel ) has acted as counsel to the Parent in various matters involving a range of issues and as counsel to the Parent in connection with the negotiation of this Agreement and the Ancillary Documents, and the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby.
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(b) In connection with any matter or dispute under this Agreement, Parent hereby irrevocably waives and agrees not to assert, and agree to cause the Surviving Corporation to irrevocably waive and not to assert, any conflict of interest arising from or in connection with (i) Prior Company Counsels prior representation of the Company, (ii) Prior Company Counsels representation of the Seller Representative and/or any of the Target Companies (collectively, the Company Advised Parties ) prior to and after the Closing, (iii) Prior Parent Counsels prior representation of the Parent and (iv) Prior Parent Counsels representation of the Sponsor, any subsidiary of Parent and/or any Parent stockholders (collectively, the Parent Advised Parties ) prior to and after the Closing.
(c) Parent further agree, on behalf of itself and, after the Closing, on behalf of the Surviving Corporation, that all communications in any form or format whatsoever between or among any of Prior Company Counsel, the Company, any of the Company Advised Parties, or any of their respective Representatives that relate in any way to the negotiation, documentation and consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or, beginning on the date of this Agreement, any dispute arising under this Agreement (collectively, the Company Deal Communications ) shall be deemed to be retained and owned collectively by the Company Advised Parties, shall be controlled by the Seller Representative on behalf of the Company and shall not pass to or be claimed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation. All Company Deal Communications that are attorney-client privileged (the Privileged Company Deal Communications ) shall remain privileged after the Closing and the privilege and the expectation of client confidence relating thereto shall belong solely to the Seller Representative and the Company, shall be controlled by the Seller Representative on behalf of the Company and shall not pass to or be claimed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation; provided, further, that nothing contained herein shall be deemed to be a waiver by the Parent or any of its Affiliates (including, after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation and its Affiliates) of any applicable privileges or protections that can or may be asserted to prevent disclosure of any such communications to any third party.
(d) Parent further agree, on behalf of itself and, after the Closing, on behalf of the Surviving Corporation, that all communications in any form or format whatsoever between or among any of Prior Parent Counsel, the Parent, any of the Parent Advised Parties, or any of their respective Representatives that relate in any way to the negotiation, documentation and consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or, beginning on the date of this Agreement, any dispute arising under this Agreement (collectively, the Parent Deal Communications ) shall be deemed to be retained and owned collectively by the Parent Advised Parties, shall be controlled by the Parent Representative and shall not pass to or be claimed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation. All Parent Deal Communications that are attorney-client privileged (the Privileged Parent Deal Communications ) shall remain privileged after the Closing and the privilege and the expectation of client confidence relating thereto shall belong solely to the Parent Representative, shall be controlled by the Parent Representative and shall not pass to or be claimed by Parent or the Surviving Corporation; provided, further, that nothing contained herein shall be deemed to be a waiver by the Parent or any of its Affiliates (including, after the Effective Time, the Surviving Corporation and its Affiliates) of any applicable privileges or protections that can or may be asserted to prevent disclosure of any such communications to any third party.
(e) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that a dispute arises between Parent or the Surviving Corporation, on the one hand, and a third party other than the Seller Representative or the Parent Representative on the other hand, Parent or the Surviving Corporation may assert the attorney-client privilege to prevent the disclosure of the Privileged Company Deal Communications and Privileged Parent Deal Communications to such third party; provided, however, that neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation may waive such privilege with respect to (i) Privileged Company Deal Communications without the prior written consent of the Seller Representative or (ii) Privileged Parent Deal Communications without the prior written consent of the Parent Representative. In the event that Parent or the Surviving Corporation is legally required by governmental order or otherwise to access or obtain a copy of all or a portion of (i) the Privileged Company Deal Communications, Parent shall immediately (and, in any event, within two (2) Business Days) notify the Seller Representative in writing (including by making specific reference to this Section 11.15 ) so that the Seller Representative can seek a protective order and (ii) the Privileged Parent Deal Communications, Parent shall immediately (and, in any event, within two (2) Business Days) notify the Parent Representative in writing (including by making specific
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reference to this Section 11.15 ) so that the Parent Representative can seek a protective order and, in either case, Parent agrees to use all commercially reasonable efforts to assist therewith.
(f) To the extent that files or other materials maintained by Prior Company Counsel constitute property of its clients, only the Seller Representative and the Company Advised Parties shall hold such property rights and Prior Company Counsel shall have no duty to reveal or disclose any such files or other materials or any Privileged Company Deal Communications by reason of any attorney-client relationship between Prior Company Counsel, on the one hand, and the Surviving Corporation, on the other hand so long as such files or other materials would be subject to a privilege or protection if they were being requested in a proceeding by an unrelated third party. To the extent that files or other materials maintained by Prior Parent Counsel constitute property of its clients, only the Parent Representative and the Parent Advised Parties shall hold such property rights and Prior Parent Counsel shall have no duty to reveal or disclose any such files or other materials or any Privileged Parent Deal Communications by reason of any attorney-client relationship between Prior Parent Counsel, on the one hand, and the Parent, on the other hand so long as such files or other materials would be subject to a privilege or protection if they were being requested in a proceeding by an unrelated third party.
(g) Parent agrees on behalf of itself and the Surviving Corporation, (i) to the extent that Parent or the Surviving Corporation receives or takes physical possession of any Company Deal Communications or Parent Deal Communications, (a) such physical possession or receipt shall not, in any way, be deemed a waiver by any of the Company Advised Parties, Parent Advised Parties or any other Person, of the privileges or protections described in this Section 11.15 , and (b) neither Parent nor the Surviving Corporation shall assert any claim that any of the Company Advised Parties, Parent Advised Parties or any other Person waived the attorney-client privilege, attorney work-product protection or any other right or expectation of client confidence applicable to any such materials or communications, (ii) not to access or use the Company Deal Communications or Parent Deal Communications, including by way of review of any electronic data, communications or other information, or by seeking to have the Seller Representative or the Parent Representative, as applicable, waive the attorney-client or other privilege, or by otherwise asserting that Parent or the Surviving Corporation has the right to waive the attorney-client or other privilege, (iii) not to seek to obtain the Company Deal Communications from Prior Company Counsel so long as such Company Deal Communications would be subject to a privilege or protection if they were being requested in a proceeding by an unrelated third party and (iv) not to seek to obtain the Parent Deal Communications from Prior Parent Counsel so long as such Parent Deal Communications would be subject to a privilege or protection if they were being requested in a proceeding by an unrelated third party.
ARTICLE XII
DEFINITIONS
12.1 Certain Definitions . For purpose of this Agreement, the following capitalized terms have the following meanings:
Accounting Principles means in accordance with GAAP as in effect at the date of the financial statement to which it refers or if there is no such financial statement, then as of the Closing Date, using and applying the same accounting principles, practices, procedures, policies and methods (with consistent classifications, judgments, elections, inclusions, exclusions and valuation and estimation methodologies) used and applied by the Target Companies in the preparation of the latest audited Financial Statements.
Action means any notice of noncompliance or violation, or any claim, demand, charge, action, suit, litigation, audit, settlement, complaint, stipulation, assessment or arbitration, or any request (including any request for information), inquiry, hearing, proceeding or investigation, by or before any Governmental Authority.
Affiliate means, with respect to any Person, any other Person directly or indirectly Controlling, Controlled by, or under common Control with such Person.
Ancillary Documents means each agreement, instrument or document attached hereto as an Exhibit, and the other agreements, certificates and instruments to be executed or delivered by any of the Parties hereto in connection with or pursuant to this Agreement.
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Benefit Plans of any Person means any and all deferred compensation, executive compensation, incentive compensation, equity purchase or other equity-based compensation plan, employment or consulting, severance or termination pay, holiday, vacation or other bonus plan or practice, hospitalization or other medical, life or other insurance, supplemental unemployment benefits, profit sharing, pension, or retirement plan, program, agreement, commitment or arrangement, and each other employee benefit plan, program, agreement or arrangement, including each employee benefit plan as such term is defined under Section 3(3) of ERISA, maintained or contributed to or required to be contributed to by a Person for the benefit of any employee or terminated employee of such Person, or with respect to which such Person has any Liability, whether direct or indirect, actual or contingent, whether formal or informal, and whether legally binding or not.
Business Day means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or a legal holiday on which commercial banking institutions in New York, New York are authorized to close for business.
Closing Cash means, as of the Reference Time, the sum of (i) the aggregate cash and cash equivalents of the Target Companies on hand or in bank accounts, including deposits in transit, minus the aggregate amount of outstanding and unpaid checks issued by or on behalf of the Target Companies as of such time, on a consolidated basis, plus, (ii) any Company Transaction Expenses that have been prepaid by the Company as of the Closing Date, in each case, as determined in accordance with the Accounting Principles.
Closing Indebtedness means, as of the Reference Time, the aggregate Indebtedness of the Target Companies, on a consolidated basis and as determined in accordance with the Accounting Principles.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and any successor statute thereto, as amended. Reference to a specific section of the Code shall include such section and any valid treasury regulation promulgated thereunder.
Company Class A Common Stock means the shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.
Company Class B Common Stock means the shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company.
Company Confidential Information means all confidential or proprietary documents and information concerning the Target Companies or any of their respective Representatives, furnished in connection with this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby; provided , however , that Company Confidential Information shall not include any information (i) that is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a direct or indirect result of the disclosure of any of such information by the Parent or any of its Representatives in violation of this Agreement; (ii) that was in the Parents or it Representatives possession prior to the time it was first made available to the Parent or any of its Representatives by or on behalf of the Company or any of its Representatives, provided that the source of such information was not known by Parent to be bound by any contractual or other obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any other Person with respect to any of such information; (iii) that is or becomes available to Parent on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Company or its Representatives, provided that such source is not known by Parent to be bound by any contractual or other obligation of confidentiality to the Company or any other Person with respect to any of such information; or (iv) is or was independently developed by Parent or its Representatives with no reference to or use of information that otherwise constitutes Company Confidential Information.
Company Convertible Securities means, collectively, the Company Options, and any warrants or other rights to subscribe for or purchase any capital stock of the Company or securities convertible into or exchange for, or that otherwise confer on the holder any right to acquire any capital stock of the Company.
Company Equity Plan means the 2014 Equity Incentive Plan.
Company IP License means any Intellectual Property license, sublicense or other agreement or permission under which a Target Company is a licensee or otherwise is authorized to use or practice any Intellectual Property.
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Company Option means an option to purchase Company Stock that was granted pursuant to the Company Equity Plan.
Company Outbound IP License means any license, sublicense or other agreement or permission under which a Target Company is the licensor.
Company Registered IP means any U.S. or foreign Patent, Patent application, Trademark, service mark registration or application, copyright registration or application or registered Internet Asset or application owned or licensed by a Target Company or otherwise used or held for use by a Target Company in which a Target Company is the owner, applicant or assignee.
Company Securities means, collectively, the Company Stock and the Company Convertible Securities.
Company Securityholders means the holders of Company Securities immediately prior to the Effective Time.
Company Stock means any shares of Company Class A Common Stock and Company Class B Common Stock.
Company Stockholders means the holders of Company Stock immediately prior to the Effective Time.
Company Transaction Expenses means all fees and expenses of any of the Target Companies incurred or payable as of the Closing and not paid prior to the Closing (i) in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including any amounts payable to professionals (including investment bankers, brokers, finders, attorneys, accountants and other consultants and advisors) retained by or on behalf of any of the Target Companies (including any premiums and fees associated with the Company D&O Tail Insurance) and (ii) any change in control bonus, transaction bonus, retention bonus, termination or severance payment or payment relating to terminated options, warrants or other equity appreciation, phantom equity, profit participation or similar rights, in any case, to be made to any current or former employee, independent contractor, director or officer of any of the Target Companies at the Closing pursuant to any agreement to which any of the Target Companies is a party prior to the Closing which become payable (including if subject to continued employment) as a result of the execution of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
Consent means any consent, approval, waiver, authorization or Permit of, or notice to or declaration or filing with any Governmental Authority or any other Person.
Contracts means all contracts, agreements, binding arrangements, bonds, notes, indentures, mortgages, debt instruments, purchase order, licenses (and all other contracts, agreements or binding arrangements concerning Intellectual Property), franchises, leases and other instruments or obligations of any kind, written or oral (including any amendments and other modifications thereto).
Control of a Person means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract, or otherwise. Controlled, Controlling and under common Control with have correlative meanings. Without limiting the foregoing a Person (the Controlled Person ) shall be deemed Controlled by (a) any other Person (the 10% Owner ) (i) owning beneficially, as meant in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, securities entitling such Person to cast ten percent (10%) or more of the votes for election of directors or equivalent governing authority of the Controlled Person or (ii) entitled to be allocated or receive ten percent (10%) or more of the profits, losses, or distributions of the Controlled Person; (b) an officer, director, general partner, partner (other than a limited partner), manager, or member (other than a member having no management authority that is not a 10% Owner) of the Controlled Person; or (c) a spouse, parent, lineal descendant, sibling,
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aunt, uncle, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, sister-in-law, or brother-in-law of an Affiliate of the Controlled Person or a trust for the benefit of an Affiliate of the Controlled Person or of which an Affiliate of the Controlled Person is a trustee.
Copyrights means any works of authorship, mask works and all copyrights therein, including all renewals and extensions, copyright registrations and applications for registration and renewal, and non-registered copyrights.
EBC means Early Bird Capital, Inc., the lead underwriter in Parents IPO.
EBITDA means with respect to any designated period of time, the earnings before interest, income Taxes, depreciation and amortization of Parent and its Subsidiaries (including the Target Companies) on a consolidated basis, for such period, as determined in accordance with the methodology for calculating Consolidated EBITDA (including all add-backs and adjustments provided therein) (but subject to the Measurement Methodologies) set forth in that certain Term Loan Agreement (as amended and supplemented through the date hereof), whether or not such Term Loan Agreement remains in effect as of any date of calculation.
Enterprise Value means an amount equal to $1,137,000,000.
Environmental Law means any Law in any way relating to (a) the protection of human health and safety, (b) the protection, preservation or restoration of the environment and natural resources (including air, water vapor, surface water, groundwater, drinking water supply, surface land, subsurface land, plant and animal life or any other natural resource), or (c) the exposure to, or the use, storage, recycling, treatment, generation, transportation, processing, handling, labeling, production, release or disposal of Hazardous Materials, including the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, 42 USC. Section 9601 et. seq., the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, 42 USC. Section 6901 et. seq., the Toxic Substances Control Act, 15 USC. Section 2601 et. seq., the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, 33 USC. Section 1151 et seq., the Clean Air Act, 42 USC. Section 7401 et seq., the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, 7 USC. Section 111 et. seq., Occupational Safety and Health Act, 29 USC. Section 651 et. seq. (to the extent it relates to exposure to Hazardous Substances), the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act, 15 USC. Section 2601 et. seq., the Safe Drinking Water Act, 42 USC. Section 300f et. seq., the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 and analogous state acts.
Environmental Liabilities means, in respect of any Person, all Liabilities, obligations, responsibilities, Remedial Actions, Losses, damages, costs, and expenses (including all reasonable fees, disbursements, and expenses of counsel, experts, and consultants and costs of investigation and feasibility studies), fines, penalties, sanctions, and interest incurred as a result of any claim or demand by any other Person or in response to any violation of Environmental Law, whether known or unknown, accrued or contingent, whether based in contract, tort, implied or express warranty, strict liability, criminal or civil statute, to the extent based upon, related to, or arising under or pursuant to any Environmental Law, Environmental Permit, Order, or Contract with any Governmental Authority or other Person, that relates to any environmental, health or safety condition, violation of Environmental Law, or a Release or threatened Release of Hazardous Materials.
ERISA means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
Export Control Laws means (i) all U.S. import and export Laws (including those Laws under the authority of U.S. Departments of Commerce (Bureau of Industry and Security) codified at 15 CFR, Parts 700-799; Homeland Security (Customs and Border Protection) codified at 19 CFR, Parts 1-199; State (Directorate of Defense Trade Controls) codified at 22 CFR, Parts 103, 120-130; and Treasury (Office of Foreign Assets Control) codified at 31 CFR, Parts 500-599) and (ii) all comparable applicable Laws outside the United States.
FAR means the Federal Acquisition Regulation and any agency supplement thereto.
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Fraud means common law fraud.
GAAP means generally accepted accounting principles as in effect in the United States of America.
Governmental Authority means any federal, state, local, foreign or other governmental, quasi-governmental or administrative body, instrumentality, department or agency or any court, tribunal, administrative hearing body, arbitration panel, commission, or other similar dispute-resolving panel or body.
Government Bid means any quotation, bid or proposal for an award of a new Government Contract made by a Target Company for which no award has been made and for which the Company believes there is a reasonable prospect that such an award to a Target Company may yet be made.
Government Contract means any Contract, including an individual task order, delivery order, purchase order or blanket purchase agreement, between a Target Company and the U.S. Government or any other Governmental Authority, as well as any subcontract or other arrangement by which (a) a Target Company has agreed to provide goods or services to a prime contractor, to a Governmental Authority or to a higher-tier subcontractor or (b) a subcontractor or vendor has agreed to provide goods or services to a Target Company, where, in either event, such goods or services ultimately will benefit or be used by a Governmental Authority, including any closed Contract or subcontract as to which the right of the U.S. Government or a higher-tier contractor to review, audit or investigate has not expired.
Hazardous Material means any waste, gas, liquid or other substance or material that is defined, listed or designated as a hazardous substance, pollutant, contaminant, hazardous waste, regulated substance, hazardous chemical, or toxic chemical (or by any similar term) under any Environmental Law, or any other material regulated, or that could result in the imposition of Liability or responsibility, under any Environmental Law, including petroleum and its by-products, asbestos, polychlorinated biphenyls, radon, mold, and urea formaldehyde insulation.
HSR Act means the Hart-Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Indebtedness of any Person means, without duplication, (a) all indebtedness of such Person for borrowed money (including the outstanding principal and accrued but unpaid interest), (b) any other indebtedness of such Person that is evidenced by a note, bond, debenture, credit agreement or similar instrument, (c) all obligations of such Person for the reimbursement of any obligor on any line or letter of credit, bankers acceptance, guarantee or similar credit transaction, in each case, that has been drawn, and (d) any premiums, prepayment fees or other penalties, fees, costs or expenses associated with payment of any Indebtedness of such Person to the extent due and payable. For the avoidance of doubt, Indebtedness shall not include any (i) Company Transaction Expenses, (ii) Taxes, (iii) trade payables incurred in the ordinary course of business, (iv) obligations under or in respect of vendor finance, inventory floor planning or similar inventory financing agreements entered into in the ordinary course of business (including the Floorplan Advances as defined in the Revolving Loan Agreement), or (v) liabilities associated with the Companys private cloud offering.
Independent Expert means a mutually acceptable independent (i.e., no prior material business relationship with any party for the prior two (2) years) accounting firm (which appointment will be made no later than ten (10) Business Days after the Independent Expert Notice Date); provided, that if the Independent Expert does not accept its appointment or if the Parent Representative and the Seller Representative cannot agree on the Independent Expert, in either case within ten (10) Business Days after the Independent Expert Notice Date, either the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative may require, by written notice to the other, that the Independent Expert be selected by the New York City Regional Office of the American Arbitration Association in accordance with the procedures of the American Arbitration Association. The parties agree that the Independent Expert will be deemed to be independent even though a Party or its Affiliates may, in the future, designate the Independent Expert to resolve disputes of the types described in Sections 1.12 and 2.2 .
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Independent Expert Notice Date means the date that either the Parent Representative or the Seller Representative receives notice from the other Party that it intends to resolve a dispute under Section 1.12 or Section 2.2 by the Independent Expert.
Intellectual Property means all of the following as they exist in any jurisdiction throughout the world: Patents, Trademarks, Copyrights, Trade Secrets, Internet Assets, Software and other intellectual property, and all licenses, sublicenses and other agreements or permissions related to the preceding property.
Internet Assets means any all domain name registrations, web sites and web addresses and related rights, items and documentation related thereto.
IPO means the initial public offering of Parent Public Units pursuant to the IPO Prospectus.
IPO Prospectus means the final prospectus of the Parent, dated April 6, 2017, and filed with the SEC on April 7, 2017 (File Nos. 333-216842 and 333-217187).
IRS means the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (or any successor Governmental Authority).
Knowledge means, with respect to (i) the Company, the actual knowledge of the executive officers or directors of any Target Company, after reasonable due inquiry or (ii) any other Party, the actual knowledge of its directors and executive officers, after reasonable due inquiry.
Law means any federal, state, local, municipal, foreign or other law, statute, legislation, principle of common law, ordinance, code, edict, decree, proclamation, treaty, convention, rule, regulation, directive, requirement, writ, injunction, settlement, Order or Consent that is or has been issued, enacted, adopted, passed, approved, promulgated, made, implemented or otherwise put into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental Authority.
Liabilities means any and all liabilities, Indebtedness or obligations of any nature (whether absolute, accrued, contingent or otherwise, whether known or unknown, whether direct or indirect, whether matured or unmatured and whether due or to become due), including Tax liabilities due or to become due.
Lien means any mortgage, pledge, security interest, attachment, right of first refusal, option, proxy, voting trust, encumbrance, lien or charge of any kind (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement or lease in the nature thereof), restriction (whether on voting, sale, transfer, disposition or otherwise), any subordination arrangement in favor of another Person, any filing or agreement to file a financing statement as debtor under the Uniform Commercial Code or any similar Law.
Loan Agreements means, collectively, the Term Loan Agreement, the Revolving Loan Agreement, and any other agreements to which Parent or any of its Subsidiaries is a party evidencing or governing any debt facilities providing for revolving credit loans, term loans, receivables or inventory financing or letters of credit, in each case, as amended, supplemented, modified, extended, restructured, renewed, refinanced, restated, replaced or refunded in whole or in part from time to time.
Loss means any losses, Actions, Orders, Liabilities, damages, penalties, amounts paid in settlement, costs and expenses (including reasonable expenses of investigation and court costs and reasonable attorneys fees and expenses); provided, that Losses shall not include (a) any special, indirect, exemplary, punitive or consequential damages (to the extent not reasonably foreseeable), except in each case to the extent paid or payable to a third party in a third party claim or (b) any losses or damages associated with any lost profits, diminution in value or lost opportunities.
Material Adverse Effect means, with respect to any specified Person, any fact, event, occurrence, change or effect that has had, or would reasonably be expected to have, individually or in the aggregate, a material adverse effect upon (a) the business, assets, Liabilities, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of such Person and its Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or (b) the ability of such Person or any of its
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Subsidiaries on a timely basis to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement or the Ancillary Documents to which it is a party or bound or to perform its obligations hereunder or thereunder; provided , however , that for purposes of clause (a) above, any changes or effects directly or indirectly attributable to, resulting from, relating to or arising out of the following (by themselves or when aggregated with any other, changes or effects) shall not be deemed to be, constitute, or be taken into account when determining whether there has or may, would or could have occurred a Material Adverse Effect: (i) general changes in the financial or securities markets or general economic or political conditions in the country or region in which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries do business; (ii) changes, conditions or effects that generally affect the industries in which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries principally operate; (iii) changes in GAAP or other applicable accounting principles or mandatory changes in the regulatory accounting requirements applicable to any industry in which such Person and its Subsidiaries principally operate; (iv) conditions caused by acts of God, natural disaster, weather, geological or meteorological events, terrorism, war (whether or not declared) or any material worsening of such conditions threatened or existing as of the date of this Agreement; (v) changes in applicable Law after the date of this Agreement; (vi) any failure in and of itself by such Person and its Subsidiaries to meet any internal or published budgets, projections, forecasts or predictions of financial performance for any period (provided that the underlying cause of any such failure may be considered in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or would reasonably be expected to occur to the extent not excluded by another exception herein), (vii) the announcement or pendency of this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby, or any action taken by a Party and expressly required by this Agreement and (viii), with respect to the Parent, the consummation and effects of the Redemption; provided further , however , that any event, occurrence, fact, condition, or change referred to in clauses (i)(v) immediately above shall be taken into account in determining whether a Material Adverse Effect has occurred or could reasonably be expected to occur to the extent that such event, occurrence, fact, condition, or change has a disproportionate effect on such Person or any of its Subsidiaries compared to other participants in the industries in which such Person or any of its Subsidiaries primarily conducts its businesses. Notwithstanding the foregoing, with respect to the Parent, the amount of the Redemption or the failure to obtain the Required Parent Stockholder Approval shall not be deemed to be a Material Adverse Effect on or with respect to the Parent.
Measurement Date means the last calendar day of each fiscal quarter beginning with the first fiscal quarter ending after the Closing Date and ending with last fiscal quarter of 2020.
Measurement Methodologies means EBITDA as calculated for the four (4) fiscal quarter period ending on the applicable Measurement Date.
Merger Sub I Common Shares means the common stock, par value $0.01 per share, of Merger Sub I.
Nasdaq means the Nasdaq Capital Market.
Net Acquisition Amount means, in the event the Company, at any time during the period beginning on the date of this Agreement and ending at the Effective Time, whether directly or indirectly, (a) acquires by means of merger, consolidation, reorganization or other similar business combination transaction, a majority of the outstanding equity interests of another Person, (b) makes a minority investment in another Person, and/or (c) acquires a majority of the assets of another Person, in each case, in compliance with Section 6.2 hereof, an amount equal to the (i) the aggregate amount of cash and cash equivalents of the Company paid in connection with such transactions (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the aggregate amount of cash paid for any legal, financial, accounting or other transaction advisory fees and expenses incurred by the Company in connection with such transactions), plus (ii) the aggregate amount of any Indebtedness incurred by the Company in connection with such transactions.
Order means any order, decree, ruling, judgment, injunction, writ, determination, binding decision, verdict, judicial award or other action that is or has been made, entered, rendered, or otherwise put into effect by or under the authority of any Governmental Authority.
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Organizational Documents means, with respect any Person that is an entity, its certificate of incorporation or formation, bylaws, operating agreement or similar organizational documents, in each case, as amended.
Parent Common Share means a share of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 par value per share, of the Parent.
Parent Confidential Information means all confidential or proprietary documents and information concerning the Parent or any of its Representatives; provided , however , that Parent Confidential Information shall not include any information (i) that is or becomes generally available to the public other than as a direct or indirect result of the disclosure of any of such information by the Company or any of its Representatives in violation of this Agreement; (ii) that was in the Companys or it Representatives possession prior to the time it was first made available to the Company or any of its Representatives by or on behalf of the Parent or any of its Representatives, provided that the source of such information was not known by the Company to be bound by any contractual or other obligation of confidentiality to the Parent or any other Person with respect to any of such information; (iii) that is or becomes available to the Company on a non-confidential basis from a source other than the Parent or its Representatives, provided that such source is not known by the Company to be bound by any contractual or other obligation of confidentiality to the Parent or any other Person with respect to any of such information; or (iv) is or was independently developed by the Company or its Representatives with no reference to or use of information that otherwise constitutes Parent Confidential Information. For the avoidance of doubt, from and after the Closing, Parent Confidential Information will include the confidential or proprietary information of the Target Companies.
Parent Founder Share means a share of Class F Common Stock, par value $0.0001 par value per share, of the Parent.
Parent Private Right means one right that was included as part of each Parent Private Unit entitling the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10 th ) of a Parent Common Share upon the consummation by the Parent of an initial Business Combination.
Parent Private Warrant means one whole warrant that was included in as part the Parent Private Units, entitling the holder thereof to purchase one (1) Parent Common Share at a purchase price of $11.50 per Parent Common Share.
Parent Private Units means the units issued in private placements to Sponsor at the time of the consummation of the IPO and thereafter, which units consist of one (1) Parent Common Share, one (1) Parent Private Right and one-half (1/2) of one (1) Parent Private Warrant.
Parent Public Right means one right that was included as part of each Parent Public Unit entitling the holder thereof to receive one-tenth (1/10 th ) of a Parent Common Share upon the consummation by the Parent of an initial Business Combination.
Parent Public Unit means the units issued in the IPO consisting of one (1) Parent Common Share, one (1) Parent Public Right and one-half (1/2) of one (1) Parent Public Warrant.
Parent Public Warrants means one whole warrant that was included in as part of the Parent Public Units, entitling the holder thereof to purchase one (1) Parent Common Share at a purchase price of $11.50 per Parent Common Share.
Parent Securities means the Parent Common Shares, the Parent Founder Shares, the Parent Public Units, the Parent Public Rights, the Parent Public Warrants, the Parent Private Units, the Parent Private Rights, the Parent Private Warrants and the Parent UPO, collectively.
Parent Share Price means an amount equal to the VWAP of the Parent Common Shares over the twenty (20) Trading Days (as adjusted pursuant to Section 2.1(b) ) ending at the close of business on the principal
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securities exchange or securities market on which the Parent Common Shares are then traded immediately prior to the date of determination (such date, the Exchange Date ), as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the date of this Agreement.
Parent Transaction Expenses means all fees and expenses of Parent incurred or payable as of the Closing and not paid prior to the Closing (i) in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby, including any amounts payable to professionals (including investment bankers, brokers, finders, attorneys, accountants and other consultants and advisors) retained by or on behalf of Parent (including, without limitation, any premiums and fees associated with the Parent D&O Tail Insurance), (ii) in connection with the IPO but previously deferred by the terms thereof until consummation of a Business Combination (including fees or commissions payable to the underwriters and any legal fees), and (iii) in connection with the PIPE Investment.
Parent UPO means the option issued to EBC and/or its designee to purchase up to 1,125,000 Parent Public Units at a price of $10.00 per unit, provided the exercise price per unit may be adjusted as stated in the option.
Patents means any patents, patent applications and the inventions, designs and improvements described and claimed therein, patentable inventions, and other patent rights (including any divisionals, provisionals, continuations, continuations-in-part, substitutions, or reissues thereof, whether or not patents are issued on any such applications and whether or not any such applications are amended, modified, withdrawn, or refiled).
Permits means all federal, state, local or foreign or other third-party permits, grants, easements, consents, approvals, authorizations, exemptions, licenses, franchises, concessions, ratifications, permissions, clearances, confirmations, endorsements, waivers, certifications, designations, ratings, registrations, qualifications or orders of any Governmental Authority or any other Person.
Permitted Closing Cash means that amount of the Closing Cash that is not restricted under the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreements from being made available by the parties thereto to Parent to be paid as Cash Consideration pursuant to Section 1.7(b) , subject to the good faith and reasonable determination of the Companys Board of Directors as of immediately prior to the Closing that a higher amount is necessary to be retained by the Company satisfy the Companys existing liabilities and reserves for future contingencies and needs of the Companys business.
Permitted Liens means (a) Liens for Taxes or assessments and similar governmental charges or levies, which either are (i) not delinquent or (ii) being contested in good faith and by appropriate proceedings, and adequate reserves have been established with respect thereto, (b) other Liens imposed by operation of Law arising in the ordinary course of business for amounts which are not due and payable and as would not in the aggregate materially adversely affect the value of, or materially adversely interfere with the use of, the property subject thereto, (c) Liens incurred or deposits made in the ordinary course of business in connection with social security, (d) Liens on goods in transit incurred pursuant to documentary letters of credit, in each case arising in the ordinary course of business, (e) Liens arising under this Agreement or any Ancillary Document, or (f) other Liens which as would not, individually or in the aggregate, in an adverse manner, materially affect the value of, or materially interfere with the use of the property subject thereto.
Person means an individual, corporation, partnership (including a general partnership, limited partnership or limited liability partnership), limited liability company, association, trust or other entity or organization, including a government, domestic or foreign, or political subdivision thereof, or an agency or instrumentality thereof.
Personal Property means any machinery, equipment, tools, vehicles, furniture, leasehold improvements, office equipment, plant, parts and other tangible personal property.
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Pro Rata Share means, for each Company Securityholder, a percentage determined by dividing the total number of shares of Company Stock held by a Company Securityholder (in each case treating, (a) any shares other than Company Class A Common Stock on an as-converted to Company Class A Common Stock basis, and excluding any Company Securities described in Sections 1.8(b) and 1.8(c) and (b) all outstanding Company Convertible Securities as fully vested and as if such Company Convertible Security had been exercised in accordance with Section 1.8(d)(ii) ) as of the Effective Time by the Total Fully Diluted Company Shares.
Redemption Price means an amount equal to price at which each Parent Common Share is redeemed or converted pursuant to the Redemption (as equitably adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, combinations, recapitalizations and the like after the Closing).
Reference Time means the close of business of the Company on the Closing Date (but without giving effect to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, including any payments by Parent hereunder to occur at the Closing, but giving effect to any obligations in respect of Company Transaction Expenses, Indebtedness or other liabilities that are contingent upon the consummation of the Closing).
Registration Rights Agreement means the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, by and among the Parent, the Sponsor and the Company Stockholders holding shares of Company Class A Common Stock as of immediately prior to the Effective Time that are party thereto, in substantially the form attached hereto as Exhibit E .
Release means any release, spill, emission, leaking, pumping, injection, deposit, disposal, discharge, dispersal, or leaching into the indoor or outdoor environment, or into or out of any property.
Remedial Action means all actions to (i) clean up, remove, treat, or in any other way address any Hazardous Material, (ii) prevent the Release of any Hazardous Material so it does not endanger or threaten to endanger public health or welfare or the indoor or outdoor environment, (iii) perform pre-remedial studies and investigations or post-remedial monitoring and care, or (iv) correct a condition of noncompliance with Environmental Laws.
Representatives means, as to any Person, such Persons Affiliates and the respective managers, directors, officers, employees, independent contractors, consultants, advisors (including financial advisors, counsel and accountants), agents and other legal representatives of such Person or its Affiliates.
Revolving Loan Agreement means that certain Revolving Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2017, by and among, inter alia , C1 Intermediate Corp., ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., and ConvergeOne, Inc., the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Commercial Distribution Finance, LLC.
SEC means the Securities and Exchange Commission (or any successor Governmental Authority).
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
Software means any computer software programs, including all source code, object code, and documentation related thereto and all software modules, tools and databases.
SOX means the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended.
Sponsor means Forum Investors I, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
Subsidiary means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, partnership, association or other business entity of which (i) if a corporation, a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, or (ii) if a partnership, association or other business entity, a majority of the partnership or other similar ownership interests thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly
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or indirectly, by any Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof. For purposes hereof, a Person or Persons will be deemed to have a majority ownership interest in a partnership, association or other business entity if such Person or Persons will be allocated a majority of partnership, association or other business entity gains or losses or will be or control the managing director, managing member, general partner or other managing Person of such partnership, association or other business entity. A Subsidiary of a Person will also include any variable interest entity which is consolidated with such Person under applicable accounting rules. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, the WFOE and the VIE Entities will each be deemed to be Subsidiaries of the Company for all purposes of this Agreement.
Target Company means each of the Company and its direct and indirect Subsidiaries.
Tax Return means any return, declaration, report, claim for refund, information return or other documents (including any related or supporting schedules, statements or information) filed or required to be filed in connection with the determination, assessment or collection of any Taxes or the administration of any Laws or administrative requirements relating to any Taxes.
Taxes means all direct or indirect federal, state, local, foreign and other net income, gross income, gross receipts, sales, use, value-added, ad valorem, transfer, franchise, profits, license, lease, service, service use, withholding, payroll, Code Section 59A, employment, social security and related contributions due in relation to the payment of compensation to employees, excise, severance, stamp, occupation, premium, property, windfall profits, alternative minimum, estimated, customs, duties or other taxes, fees, assessments or charges in the nature of tax, together with any interest and any penalties, additions to tax or additional amounts with respect thereto.
Term Loan Agreement means that certain Term Loan Agreement, dated as of June 20, 2017, by and among, inter alia , ConvergeOne Holdings Corp., C1 Intermediate Corp., the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., in the form attached to the Registration Statement.
Total Fully Diluted Company Shares means the total number of issued and outstanding shares of Company Stock (in each case treating (a) any shares other than Company Class A Common Stock on an as-converted to Company Class A Common Stock basis and (b) all outstanding Company Convertible Securities as fully vested and as if the Company Convertible Security had been exercised as of the Effective Time, but excluding any Company Securities described in Sections 1.8(b) and 1.8(c) .
Trade Secrets means any trade secrets, confidential business information, concepts, ideas, designs, research or development information, processes, procedures, techniques, technical information, specifications, operating and maintenance manuals, engineering drawings, methods, know-how, data, mask works, discoveries, inventions, modifications, extensions, improvements, and other proprietary rights (whether or not patentable or subject to copyright, trademark, or trade secret protection).
Trademarks means any trademarks, service marks, trade dress, trade names, brand names, internet domain names, designs, logos, or corporate names (including, in each case, the goodwill associated therewith), whether registered or unregistered, and all registrations and applications for registration and renewal thereof.
Trading Day means any day on which the principal securities exchange or securities market on which the Parent Common Shares are then traded is open for trading.
Transaction Expenses means the Company Transaction Expenses and the Parent Transaction Expenses.
Trust Account means the trust account established by Parent with the proceeds from the IPO pursuant to the Trust Agreement in accordance with the IPO Prospectus.
Trust Agreement means that certain Investment Management Trust Agreement, dated as of October 14, 2015, as it may be amended, by and between the Parent and the Trustee, as well as any other agreements entered into related to or governing the Trust Account.
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Trustee means Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, in its capacity as trustee under the Trust Agreement.
VWAP means, for any security as of any date(s), the dollar volume-weighted average price for such security on the principal securities exchange or securities market on which such security is then traded during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg through its HP function (set to weighted average) or, if the foregoing does not apply, the dollar volume-weighted average price of such security in the over-the-counter market on the electronic bulletin board for such security during the period beginning at 9:30:01 a.m., New York time, and ending at 4:00:00 p.m., New York time, as reported by Bloomberg, or, if no dollar volume-weighted average price is reported for such security by Bloomberg for such hours, the average of the highest closing bid price and the lowest closing ask price of any of the market makers for such security as reported by OTC Markets Group Inc. If the VWAP cannot be calculated for such security on such date(s) on any of the foregoing bases, the VWAP of such security on such date(s) shall be the fair market value as reasonably determined by Parent in good faith. All such determinations shall be appropriately adjusted for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction during such period.
12.2 Section References . The following capitalized terms, as used in this Agreement, have the respective meanings given to them in the Section as set forth below adjacent to such terms:
Term |
Section | |
2018 Target |
2.1(a) | |
2019 Target |
2.1(a) | |
2020 Target |
2.1(a) | |
AAA |
11.4 | |
AAA Procedures |
11.4 | |
Accelerated Earnout Payment |
2.1(d) | |
Accelerated Option |
1.8(d)(ii) | |
Acquisition Proposal |
6.5(a) | |
Adjustment Amount |
1.12(c) | |
Agreement |
Preamble | |
Alternative Transaction |
6.5(a) | |
Amended Parent Charter |
6.10(a) | |
Antitrust Laws |
6.8(b) | |
Business Combination |
10.1 | |
Cash Consideration |
1.7(b) | |
Catchup Earnout Payment |
2.1(c) | |
Certificate of First Merger |
1.2 | |
Certificate of Second Merger |
1.2 | |
Certificates of Merger |
1.2 | |
CFO |
2.2 | |
Change of Control |
2.1(e) | |
Change of Control Earnout Payment |
2.1(e) | |
Closing |
3.1 | |
Closing Consideration |
1.10(a) | |
Closing Date |
3.1 | |
Closing Filing |
6.13(b) | |
Closing Press Release |
6.13(b) | |
Closing Statement |
1.12(a) | |
Company |
Preamble | |
Company Advised Parties |
11.15(b) |
Term |
Section | |
Company Benefit Plan |
5.18(a) | |
Company Certificates |
1.8(a) | |
Company D&O Tail Insurance |
6.16(b) | |
Company Deal Communications |
11.15(c) | |
Company Directors |
6.17(a) | |
Company Disclosure Schedules |
Article V | |
Company Financials |
5.7(a) | |
Company IP |
5.13(a) | |
Company Leased Properties |
5.15(b) | |
Company Material Contract |
5.12(a) | |
Company Permits |
5.10 | |
Company Real Property Leases |
5.15(b) | |
Company Stockholder Meeting |
6.11 | |
Continuing Directors |
2.1(e) | |
D&O Indemnified Parties |
6.16(a) | |
Deferred Payment |
1.7(b) | |
Deferred PIPE Closing |
4.20 | |
Deferred PIPE Closing Agreement |
4.20 | |
Deferred PIPE Closing Amount |
4.20 | |
DGCL |
Recitals | |
Dispute |
11.4 | |
Dissenting Shares |
1.13 | |
Dissenting Stockholder |
1.13 | |
DLLCA |
1.2 | |
Earnout Cash Payment |
2.1(a) | |
Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall |
2.1(b) | |
Earnout Cash Payment Shortfall Parent Shares |
2.1(b) | |
Earnout Payments |
2.1(e) |
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Term |
Section | |
Earnout Period |
2.1(a) | |
Earnout Statement |
2.2 | |
Earnout Stock Payment |
2.1(a) | |
Earnout Targets |
2.1(a) | |
Earnout Year |
2.1(a) | |
Effective Time |
1.2 | |
Enforceability Exceptions |
4.2(a) | |
Environmental Permit |
5.19(a) | |
Estimated Cash Consideration |
1.11(b) | |
Estimated Closing Cash |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Closing Indebtedness |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Company Statement |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Merger Consideration |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Net Acquisition Amount |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Parent Cash |
1.11(b) | |
Estimated Parent Statement |
1.11(b) | |
Estimated Permitted Closing Cash |
1.11(a) | |
Estimated Stock Consideration |
1.11(b) | |
Exchange Date |
12.1 (def. of
Parent Share Price) |
|
Federal Securities Laws |
6.6 | |
Final Merger Consideration |
1.12(b) | |
First Merger |
Recitals | |
Group |
2.1(e) | |
Interim Balance Sheet Date |
5.7(a) | |
Interim Period |
6.2(a) | |
Letter of Transmittal |
1.10(b) | |
Lock-Up Agreement |
1.10(c) | |
Lost Certificate Affidavit |
1.10(e) | |
Mergers |
Recitals | |
Merger Consideration |
1.7(a) | |
Merger Sub I |
Preamble | |
Merger Sub II |
Preamble | |
Merger Subs |
Preamble | |
Objection Statement |
1.12(a) | |
OFAC |
4.18(c) | |
Option Cancellation Agreement |
1.10(c) | |
Outside Date |
9.1(b) | |
Parent |
Preamble | |
Parent Advised Parties |
11.15(b) | |
Parent Cash |
1.7(b) | |
Parent D&O Tail Insurance |
6.16(d) | |
Parent Deal Communications |
11.15(d) | |
Parent Directors |
6.17(a) | |
Parent Disclosure Schedules |
Article IV | |
Parent Financials |
4.6(b) | |
Parent Material Contract |
4.13(a) | |
Parent Recommendation |
4.2(b) |
Term |
Section | |
Parent Representative |
1.12(a) | |
Parent Stockholder Approval Matters |
6.10(a) | |
Party(ies) |
Preamble | |
Permitted Agreement Payment Amount |
2.1(b) | |
Permitted Cash Payment |
2.1(b) | |
Permitted Leverage Payment Amount Payment |
2.1(b) | |
PIPE Agreement |
4.20 | |
PIPE Investment |
Recitals | |
PIPE Investors |
4.20 | |
Post-Closing Parent Board |
6.17(a) | |
Prior Company Counsel |
11.15(a) | |
Prior Parent Counsel |
11.15(a) | |
Privileged Company Deal Communications |
11.15(c) | |
Privileged Parent Deal Communications |
11.15(d) | |
Proxy Statement |
6.10(a) | |
Public Certifications |
4.6(a) | |
Public Distributions |
10.1 | |
Public Stockholders |
10.1 | |
Redemption |
6.10(a) | |
Registration Statement |
6.10(a) | |
Regular Earnout Payment |
2.1(a) | |
Related Person |
5.20 | |
Released Claims |
10.1 | |
Required Company Stockholder Approval |
8.1(b) | |
Required Parent Stockholder Approval |
8.1(a) | |
Resolution Period |
11.4 | |
SEC Reports |
4.6(a) | |
Second Effective Time |
1.2 | |
Second Merger |
Recitals | |
Seller Representative |
Preamble | |
Special Meeting |
6.10(a) | |
Signing Filing |
6.13(b) | |
Signing Press Release |
6.13(b) | |
Specified Courts |
11.5 | |
Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement |
2.3(a) | |
Sponsor Earnout Shares |
2.3(a) | |
Sponsor Loans |
6.18 | |
Stock Consideration |
1.7(b) | |
Surviving Corporation |
1.1(a) | |
Surviving Entity |
1.1(b) | |
Termination Fee |
9.4(a) |
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , each Party hereto has caused this Agreement and Plan of Merger to be signed and delivered as of the date first written above.
The Parent:
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION |
By: |
/s/ David Boris | |
Name: |
David Boris | |
Title: |
Co-Chief Executive Officer |
Merger Sub I:
FMC MERGER SUBSIDIARY CORP. |
By: |
/s/ David Boris | |
Name: |
David Boris | |
Title: |
Co-Chief Executive Officer |
Merger Sub II:
FMC MERGER SUBSIDIARY LLC |
By: |
/s/ David Boris | |
Name: |
David Boris | |
Title: |
Co-Chief Executive Officer |
[Signature Page to Merger Agreement]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , each Party hereto has caused this Agreement and Plan of Merger to be signed and delivered as of the date first written above.
The Seller Representative:
CLEARLAKE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT III, L.P ., solely in its capacity as the Seller Representative hereunder |
By: |
/s/ Behdad Eghbali | |
Name: |
Behdad Eghbali | |
Title: |
Managing Partner |
The Company:
C1 INVESTMENT CORP. |
By: |
/s/ John A. McKenna |
|
Name: |
John A. McKenna, Jr. |
|
Title: |
Chief Executive Officer |
[Signature Page to Merger Agreement]
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Exhibit A
Form of Voting Agreement
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FINAL FORM
VOTING AGREEMENT
This Voting Agreement (this Agreement ) is made as of November 30, 2017, by and among (i) Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation (including any successor entity thereto, Parent ), (ii) C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation (the Company ), and (iii) Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( Holder ), solely in Holders capacity as a Company Stockholder (and not in any other capacity). Any capitalized term used but not defined in this Agreement will have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Merger Agreement (as defined below).
WHEREAS , on or about the date hereof, Parent, the Company, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ( Merger Sub I ), FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ( Merger Sub II , and together with Merger Sub I, the Merger Subs ) and the other parties named therein, have entered into that certain Merger Agreement (as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof, the Merger Agreement ), pursuant to which (i) Merger Sub I will merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation (the First Merger ) and (ii) as part of the same overall transaction as the First Merger, the surviving corporation of the First Merger will merge with and into Merger Sub II (the Second Merger and together with the First Merger, the Mergers ), and as a result of which, among other matters, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company as of the Effective Time shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, in exchange for the right to receive the Total Consideration as set forth in the Merger Agreement, all upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Merger Agreement and in accordance with the applicable provisions of the DGCL;
WHEREAS , the Board of Directors of the Company has (i) approved and declared advisable the Merger Agreement, the Ancillary Documents (including this Agreement), the Mergers and the other transactions contemplated by any such documents (collectively, the Transactions ), (ii) determined that the Transactions are fair to and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders (the Company Stockholders ) and (iii) recommended the approval and the adoption by each of the Company Stockholders of the Merger Agreement, the Ancillary Documents (including this Agreement), the Mergers and the other Transactions; and
WHEREAS , as a condition to the willingness of Parent to enter into the Merger Agreement, and as an inducement and in consideration therefor, and in view of the valuable consideration to be received by Holder thereunder, and the expenses and efforts to be undertaken by Parent and the Company to consummate the Transactions, Parent, the Company and Holder desire to enter into this Agreement in order for Holder to provide certain assurances to Parent regarding the manner in which Holder is bound hereunder to vote any shares of capital stock of the Company which Holder beneficially owns, holds or otherwise has voting power (the Shares ) during the period from and including the date hereof through and including the date on which this Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms (the Voting Period ) with respect to the Merger Agreement, the Mergers, the Ancillary Documents and the Transactions.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises set forth above, which are incorporated in this Agreement as if fully set forth below, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows:
1. Covenant to Vote in Favor of Transactions . Holder agrees, with respect to all of the Shares (unless this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with Section 4(a)):
(a) during the Voting Period, at each meeting of the Company Stockholders or any class or series thereof, and in each written consent or resolutions of any of the Company Stockholders in which Holder is entitled to vote or consent, Holder hereby unconditionally and irrevocably agrees to be present for such meeting and vote (in person or by proxy), or consent to any action by written consent or resolution with respect to, as applicable, the Shares (i) in favor of, and adopt, the Mergers, the Merger Agreement, the Ancillary Documents,
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any amendments to the Companys Organizational Documents contemplated by the Merger Agreement, and all of the other Transactions (and any actions required in furtherance thereof), (ii) in favor of the other matters set forth in the Merger Agreement, and (iii) to vote the Shares in opposition to: (A) any Acquisition Proposal and any and all other proposals (x) for the acquisition of the Company, (y) that could reasonably be expected to significantly delay or significantly impair the ability of the Company to consummate the Mergers, the Merger Agreement or any of the Transactions, or (z) which are in competition with or materially inconsistent with the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Documents; (B) other than as contemplated by the Merger Agreement, any material change in (x) the present capitalization of the Company or any amendment of the Companys Organizational Documents or (y) the Companys corporate structure or business; or (C) any other action or proposal involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries that is intended, or would reasonably be expected, to prevent, impede, interfere with, delay, postpone or adversely affect in any material respect the Transactions or would reasonably be expected to result in any of the conditions to the Companys obligations under the Merger Agreement not being fulfilled;
(b) (i) to execute and deliver to the Company a Letter of Transmittal (in substantially the form attached as an exhibit to the Merger Agreement), (ii) to deliver Holders Company Certificate(s) (or a Lost Certificate Affidavit in lieu of the Company Certificate(s)) representing the Shares, duly endorsed for transfer, to the Company, and (iii) to execute and deliver the Lock-Up Agreement and the Registration Rights Agreement (in each case in substantially the form attached to the Merger Agreement);
(c) not to deposit, and to cause their Affiliates not to deposit, except as provided in this Agreement, any Shares owned by Holder or his/her/its Affiliates in a voting trust or subject any Shares to any arrangement or agreement with respect to the voting of such Shares, unless specifically requested to do so by Company and Parent in connection with the Merger Agreement, the Ancillary Documents and any of the Transactions;
(d) except as contemplated by the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Documents, make, or in any manner participate in, directly or indirectly, a solicitation of proxies or consents (as such terms are used in the rules of the SEC) or powers of attorney or similar rights to vote, or seek to advise or influence any Person with respect to the voting of, any shares of the Company capital stock in connection with any vote or other action with respect to the Transactions, other than to recommend that stockholders of the Company vote in favor of adoption of the Merger Agreement and the Transactions and any other proposal the approval of which is a condition to the obligations of the parties under the Merger Agreement (and any actions required in furtherance thereof and otherwise as expressly provided by Section 1 of this Agreement); and
(e) to refrain from exercising any dissenters rights or rights of appraisal under applicable law at any time with respect to the First Merger, the Merger Agreement, the Ancillary Documents and any of the Transactions, including pursuant to the DGCL.
2. O ther Covenants .
(a) No Transfers . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with Section 4(a) of this Agreement, Holder agrees that during the Voting Period it shall not, and shall cause its Affiliates not to, without Companys prior written consent, (A) offer for sale, sell (including short sales), transfer, tender, pledge, encumber, assign or otherwise dispose of (including by gift) (collectively, a Transfer ), or enter into any contract, option, derivative, hedging or other agreement or arrangement or understanding (including any profit-sharing arrangement) with respect to, or consent to, a Transfer of, any or all of the Shares; (B) grant any proxies or powers of attorney with respect to any or all of the Shares; (C) permit to exist any material lien (other than those imposed by this Agreement, applicable securities Laws or the Companys Organizational Documents, as in effect on the date hereof) with respect to any or all of the Shares; or (D) take any action that would have the effect of materially preventing, impeding, interfering with or adversely affecting Holders ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement. The Company hereby agrees that it shall not permit any Transfer of the Shares in violation of this Agreement. Holder agrees with, and covenants to, Company that Holder shall not request that the Company register the Transfer (book-entry or otherwise) of any certificate or uncertificated interest representing any Shares during the term of this Agreement without the prior written consent of Company, and the Company hereby agrees that it shall not effect any such Transfer.
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(b) Changes to Shares . In the event of a stock dividend or distribution, or any change in the shares of capital stock of the Company by reason of any stock dividend or distribution, stock split, recapitalization, combination, conversion, exchange of shares or the like, the term Shares shall be deemed to refer to and include the Shares as well as all such stock dividends and distributions and any securities into which or for which any or all of the Shares may be changed or exchanged or which are received in such transaction. Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with Section 4(a) of this Agreement, Holder agrees during the Voting Period to notify Parent promptly in writing of the number and type of any additional Shares acquired by Holder, if any, after the date hereof.
(c) Registration Statement . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with Section 4(a) of this Agreement, during the Voting Period, Holder agrees to provide to Parent and its Representatives any information regarding Holder or the Shares that is reasonably requested by Company or its Representatives for inclusion in the Registration Statement.
(d) Publicity . Unless this Agreement shall have been terminated in accordance with Section 4(a) of this Agreement, Holder shall not issue any press release or otherwise make any public statements with respect to the Transactions or the transactions contemplated herein without the prior written approval of the Company and Parent. Holder hereby authorizes the Company and Parent to publish and disclose in any announcement or disclosure required by the SEC, Nasdaq or the Registration Statement (including all documents and schedules filed with the SEC in connection with the foregoing), Holders identity and ownership of the Shares and the nature of Holders commitments and agreements under this Agreement, the Merger Agreement and any other Ancillary Documents; provided, that Parent shall provide Holder of written notice at least three (3) days prior to any such publishing or disclosure.
3. Representations and Warranties of Holder . Holder hereby represents and warrants to Company as follows:
(a) Binding Agreement . Holder (i) is a limited partnership duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and (ii) has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver this Agreement, to perform its obligations hereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby. The execution and delivery of this Agreement, the performance of its obligations hereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby by Holder has been duly authorized by all necessary partnership action on the part of Holder, as applicable. This Agreement, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties hereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Holder, enforceable against Holder in accordance with its terms (except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors rights, and to general equitable principles). Holder understands and acknowledges that Parent is entering into the Merger Agreement in reliance upon the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Holder.
(b) Ownership of Shares . As of the date hereof, Holder has record or beneficial ownership over the type and number of the Shares set forth under Holders name on the signature page hereto, is the lawful owner of such Shares, has the sole power to vote or cause to be voted such Shares, and has good and valid title to such Shares, free and clear of any and all pledges, mortgages, encumbrances, charges, proxies, voting agreements, liens, adverse claims, options, security interests and demands of any nature or kind whatsoever, in each case, in all material respects, other than those imposed by this Agreement, applicable securities Laws or the Companys Organizational Documents, as in effect on the date hereof. Except for the Shares and other securities of the Company set forth under Holders name on the signature page hereto, as of the date of this Agreement, Holder is not a beneficial owner or record holder of any: (i) equity securities of the Company, (ii) securities of the Company having the right to vote on any matters on which the holders of equity securities of the Company may vote or which are convertible into or exchangeable for, at any time, equity securities of the Company or (iii) options, warrants or other rights to acquire from the Company any equity securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities of the Company.
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(c) No Conflicts . No filing with, or notification to, any Governmental Authority, and no consent, approval, authorization or permit of any other person is necessary for the execution of this Agreement by Holder, the performance of its obligations hereunder or the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby. None of the execution and delivery of this Agreement by Holder, the performance of its obligations hereunder or the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby shall (i) conflict with or result in any breach of the certificate of formation, limited partnership agreement or other comparable organizational documents of Holder, if applicable, (ii) result in, or give rise to, a violation or breach of or a default under any of the terms of any Contract to which Holder is a party or by which Holder or any of the Shares may be bound, or (iii) violate any applicable Law or Order, except for any of the foregoing in clauses (i) through (iii) as would not reasonably be expected to impair Holders ability to perform its obligations under this Agreement in any material respect.
(d) No Inconsistent Agreements . Holder hereby covenants and agrees that, except for this Agreement, Holder (i) has not entered into, nor will enter into at any time while this Agreement remains in effect, any voting agreement or voting trust with respect to the Shares inconsistent with Holders obligations pursuant to this Agreement, (ii) has not granted, nor will grant at any time while this Agreement remains in effect, a proxy, a consent or power of attorney with respect to the Shares and (iii) has not entered into any agreement or knowingly taken any action (nor will enter into any agreement or knowingly take any action) that would make any representation or warranty of Holder contained herein untrue or incorrect in any material respect or have the effect of preventing Holder from performing any of its material obligations under this Agreement.
4. Miscellaneous .
(a) Termination . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, this Agreement shall automatically terminate, and none of Parent, the Company or Holder shall have any rights or obligations hereunder, upon the earliest to occur of (i) the mutual written consent of Parent, the Company and Holder, (ii) the Effective Time (following the performance of the obligations of the parties hereunder required to be performed at or prior to the Effective Time), (iii) the date of termination of the Merger Agreement in accordance with its terms and (iv) the date of any material modification, waiver or amendment of the Merger Agreement which is not approved in writing by Holder that affects materially and adversely the consideration payable to Holder pursuant to the Merger Agreement as in effect on the date hereof. The termination of this Agreement shall not prevent any party hereunder from seeking any remedies (at law or in equity) against another party hereto or relieve such party from liability for such partys breach of any terms of this Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, the provisions of this Section 4(a) shall survive the termination of this Agreement.
(b) Binding Effect; Assignment . This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns. This Agreement and all obligations of Holder are personal to Holder and may not be assigned, transferred or delegated by Holder at any time without the prior written consent of Parent and the Company, and any purported assignment, transfer or delegation without such consent shall be null and void ab initio. Each of the Company and Parent may freely assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement, in whole or in part, to any successor entity (whether by merger, consolidation, equity sale, asset sale or otherwise) without obtaining the consent or approval of Holder.
(c) Third Parties . Nothing contained in this Agreement or in any instrument or document executed by any party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall create any rights in, or be deemed to have been executed for the benefit of, any person that is not a party hereto or thereto or a successor or permitted assign of such a party.
(d) Governing Law; Jurisdiction . This Agreement and any dispute or controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of law principles thereof. All Actions arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be heard and determined exclusively in any state or federal court located in New York, New York (or in any appellate courts thereof) (the Specified Courts ). Each party hereto hereby (i) submits to the
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exclusive jurisdiction of any Specified Court for the purpose of any Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any party hereto and (ii) irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert by way of motion, defense or otherwise, in any such Action, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the Action is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the Action is improper, or that this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may not be enforced in or by any Specified Court. Each party agrees that a final judgment in any Action shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law. Each party irrevocably consents to the service of the summons and complaint and any other process in any other action or proceeding relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on behalf of itself, or its property, by personal delivery of copies of such process to such party at the applicable address set forth or referred to in Section 4(g) . Nothing in this Section 4(d) shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
(e) WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. EACH PARTY HERETO (i) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF ANY ACTION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THAT FOREGOING WAIVER AND (ii) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 4(e) .
(f) Interpretation . The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: (i) any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa; (ii) including (and with correlative meaning include) means including without limiting the generality of any description preceding or succeeding such term and shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words without limitation; (iii) the words herein, hereto, and hereby and other words of similar import in this Agreement shall be deemed in each case to refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section or other subdivision of this Agreement; and (iv) the term or means and/or. The parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. Consequently, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
(g) Capacity as a Company Stockholder : Holder signs this Agreement solely in Holders capacity as a stockholder of the Company, and not in Holders capacity as a director, officer or employee of any Target Company or in Holders capacity as a trustee or fiduciary of any employee benefit plan or trust. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, nothing herein shall in any way restrict a director or officer of the Company in the exercise of his or her fiduciary duties as a director or officer of the Company or in his or her capacity as a trustee or fiduciary of any employee benefit plan or trust or prevent or be construed to create any obligation on the part of any director or officer of the Company or any trustee or fiduciary of any employee benefit plan or trust from taking any action in his or her capacity as such director, officer, trustee or fiduciary.
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(h) Notices . All notices, consents, waivers and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered (i) in person, (ii) by facsimile or other electronic means, with affirmative confirmation of receipt, (iii) one Business Day after being sent, if sent by reputable, nationally recognized overnight courier service or (iv) three (3) Business Days after being mailed, if sent by registered or certified mail, pre-paid and return receipt requested, in each case to the applicable party at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):
(i) Amendments and Waivers . Any term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance, and either retroactively or prospectively) only with the written consent of Parent, the Company and Holder. No failure or delay by a party in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof. No waivers of or exceptions to any term, condition, or provision of this Agreement, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be or construed as a further or continuing waiver of any such term, condition, or provision.
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(j) Severability . In case any provision in this Agreement shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in a jurisdiction, such provision shall be modified or deleted, as to the jurisdiction involved, only to the extent necessary to render the same valid, legal and enforceable, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions hereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby nor shall the validity, legality or enforceability of such provision be affected thereby in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties will substitute for any invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision a suitable and equitable provision that carries out, so far as may be valid, legal and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision.
(k) Specific Performance . Holder acknowledges that its obligations under this Agreement are unique, recognizes and affirms that in the event of a breach of this Agreement by Holder, money damages will be inadequate and Parent will have not adequate remedy at law, and agree that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed by Holder in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. Accordingly, Parent shall be entitled to an injunction or restraining order to prevent breaches of this Agreement by Holder and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, without the requirement to post any bond or other security or to prove that money damages would be inadequate, this being in addition to any other right or remedy to which such party may be entitled under this Agreement, at law or in equity.
(l) Expenses . Each party shall be responsible for its fees and expenses (including the fees and expenses of investment bankers, accountants and counsel) in connection with the entering into of this Agreement, the performance of its obligations hereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
(m) No Partnership, Agency or Joint Venture . This Agreement is intended to create a contractual relationship among Holder, the Company and Parent, and is not intended to create, and does not create, any agency, partnership, joint venture or any like relationship among the parties hereto or among any other Company shareholders entering into voting agreements with the Company or Parent. Holder is not affiliated with any other holder of securities of the Company entering into a voting agreement with the Company or Parent in connection with the Merger Agreement and has acted independently regarding its decision to enter into this Agreement. Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be deemed to vest in Parent any direct or indirect ownership or incidence of ownership of or with respect to any Shares.
(n) Further Assurances . From time to time, at another partys request and without further consideration, each party shall execute and deliver such additional documents and take all such further action as may be reasonably necessary or desirable to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(o) Entire Agreement . This Agreement (together with the Merger Agreement to the extent referred to herein) constitutes the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between the parties is expressly canceled; provided , that, for the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not affect the rights and obligations of the parties under the Merger Agreement or any Ancillary Document. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Agreement shall limit any of the rights or remedies of Parent or any of the obligations of Holder under any other agreement between Holder and Parent or any certificate or instrument executed by Holder in favor of Parent, and nothing in any other agreement, certificate or instrument shall limit any of the rights or remedies of Parent or any of the obligations of Holder under this Agreement.
(p) Counterparts; Facsimile . This Agreement may also be executed and delivered by facsimile or electronic signature or by email in portable document format in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
[Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have executed this Voting Agreement as of the date first written above.
Parent:
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION |
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By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
{Signature Page to Voting Agreement}
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have executed this Voting Agreement as of the date first written above.
Holder:
CLEARLAKE CAPITAL PARTNERS III (MASTER), L.P. |
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By: | Clearlake Capital Partners III, GP, L.P. | |
Its: | General Partner | |
By: | Clearlake Capital Partners, LLC | |
Its: | General Partner | |
By: |
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Name: | Behdad Eghbali | |
Title: | Co-President |
Number and Type of Shares:
85,675,000 shares of Company Class A Common Stock
shares of Company Class B Common Stock
Address for Notice:
Address: 233 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 800
Santa Monica, CA 90401
{Signature Page to Voting Agreement}
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Exhibit B
Form of Letter of Transmittal
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FINAL FORM
INSTRUCTIONS FOR LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
FOR STOCKHOLDERS AND OPTIONHOLDERS
OF C1 INVESTMENT CORP.
1. | Delivery of Letter of Transmittal, Exhibits and Certificates. The Letter of Transmittal, together with the exhibits attached thereto, properly completed and duly executed, together with the certificate(s) for the securities described, should be delivered to the C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation (the Company ), at the address below in the envelope enclosed for your convenience. If the space provided on the Letter of Transmittal is inadequate, the applicable information should be listed on a separate schedule to be attached thereto. |
THE METHOD OF DELIVERY OF ALL REQUIRED DOCUMENTS IS AT THE ELECTION AND RISK OF THE HOLDER, BUT IF SENT BY MAIL, IT IS RECOMMENDED THAT THEY BE SENT BY REGISTERED MAIL WITH RETURN RECEIPT REQUESTED. DELIVERY OF THE DOCUMENTS WILL BE EFFECTIVE, AND RISK OF LOSS AND TITLE WITH RESPECT THERETO SHALL PASS, ONLY WHEN THE MATERIALS ARE ACTUALLY RECEIVED BY THE COMPANY AT THE ADDRESS BELOW.
2. | Signatures. |
a. | If the Letter of Transmittal is signed by the registered owner(s) of the share certificate(s) listed and surrendered thereby, no endorsements of certificates or separate stock powers are required. If the Letter of Transmittal is signed by the original recipient of the options to purchase shares of the Companys common stock ( Company Options ) to be surrendered, no evidence of transfer is required If the certificate(s) or Company Options surrendered is (are) owned of record by two or more joint owners, all such owners must sign the Letter of Transmittal. |
b. | If, with respect to any surrendered certificate(s), the Letter of Transmittal is signed by a person other than the registered owner of the certificate(s) listed or its duly authorized representative (as confirmed by proper evidence satisfactory to the Company and to Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the Parent )), such certificate(s) must be endorsed or accompanied by appropriate stock powers, in either case signed exactly as the name or names of the registered owner or owners appear on the certificate(s). |
c. | If, with respect to any Company Options, the Letter of Transmittal is signed by a person other than the person to whom such Company Options were issued or its duly authorized representative (as confirmed by proper evidence satisfactory to the Company and the Parent), such Company Options must be accompanied by appropriate evidence of transfer, signed exactly as the name or names of the person indicated in such Company Options, as well as evidence that such transfer was permitted in accordance with the Companys equity plan under which the Company Options were issued and the related Company Option grant documents. |
d. | If the Letter of Transmittal or any certificate, stock power, Option Cancellation Agreement or other exhibit to the Letter of Transmittal is signed by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorney-in-fact, officers of corporations or other entities or others, acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, such persons should so indicate when signing and proper evidence, satisfactory to the Company and the Parent, of their authority to do so must be submitted. |
3. | Special Payment and Delivery Instructions. Indicate on the Letter of Transmittal all names and addresses to which consideration for the securities is to be issued and the amounts thereto, if different from the name and address of the person(s) signing the Letter of Transmittal. |
4. |
Form W-8/W-9. If you are a U.S. person, please enter your social security or employer identification number, and complete, sign and date the attached Form W-9. If you are a non-U.S. person, you must |
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provide a properly completed and executed Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or other Form W-8, which you can obtain from the Company by contacting the designated person below. |
5. | Additional Copies. Additional copies of the Letter of Transmittal may be obtained from the Company at the address listed below. |
6. | Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. If any share certificates have been lost, stolen or destroyed, please so indicate on the front of the Letter of Transmittal, and additional paperwork will be sent to you to replace the lost, stolen or destroyed certificates. |
All questions as to the validity, form and eligibility of any surrender of certificates or Company Options will be determined by the Company and the Parent, and such determination shall be final and binding on each holder of the Companys capital stock or Company Options (each, a Holder ). The Company and the Parent reserve the right to together waive any irregularities or defects in the surrender of any certificates or Company Options. A surrender will not be deemed to have been made until all irregularities have been cured or waived. Neither the Company nor the Parent is under any obligation to waive or to provide any notification of any irregularities or defects in the surrender of any certificates or Company Options, nor shall the Company or the Parent be liable for any failure to give such notification.
All documentation and requests should be sent to the Company at the following address:
C1 Investment Corp.
3344 Highway 149
Eagan, MN 55121
Attn: Jeff Nachbor, Chief Financial Officer
Email: JNachbor@convergeone.com
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Method of delivery of the certificate(s) is at the option and risk of the Holder. See Instruction 1.
All Holders, please mail or deliver each of the following:
☐ | An original of this Letter of Transmittal, duly executed by Holder |
☐ | An original of the Lock-Up Agreement, duly executed by Holder, the form of which is attached as Exhibit A |
☐ | A completed and executed IRS Form W-9 or Form W-8BEN (or Other Form W-8), as applicable, the form of which is attached as Exhibit B . |
If you are a holder of shares of the Companys Class A Common Stock, please also mail the following:
☐ | An original of the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, duly executed such Holder, the form of which is attached as Exhibit C |
If you are a holder of Company shares, please also mail the following:
☐ | The certificate(s) representing your Company shares |
☐ | If required, as described in the instructions, an original stock power, duly executed by Holder, the form of which is attached as Exhibit D |
If you are a holder of Company Options, please also mail the following:
☐ | An original of an Option Cancellation Agreement, duly executed by Holder, the form of which is attached as Exhibit E |
Please return all documents to the Company using the address set forth in the instructions.
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LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL
To Exchange Securities of C1 Investment Corp.
Pursuant to the Merger of C1 Investment Corp. and Forum Merger Subsidiary Corp.
This letter of transmittal (this Letter of Transmittal ) is being furnished in connection with the merger of Forum Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation ( Merger Sub I ) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the Parent ), with and into C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation (the Company ), pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of November 30, 2017 (as amended, the Merger Agreement ), by and among (i) the Parent, (ii) Merger Sub I, (iii) Forum Merger Subsidiary LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ( Merger Sub II ) and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, (iv) Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, in the capacity thereunder as the Seller Representative (the Seller Representative ), and (v) the Company.
Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and subject to the terms and conditions set forth therein, among other matters, Merger Sub I will merge with and into the Company with the Company surviving the Merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Parent (the Merger ). At the effective time of the Merger (the Effective Time ), each issued and outstanding (a) share of capital stock of the Company (other than shares in respect of which dissenters or appraisal rights have been properly exercised and perfected under Delaware law and shares held in treasury) (each, a Company Share ) will be cancelled and cease to exist in exchange for the right to receive shares of Class A Common Stock of the Parent (including without limitation, shares that may be issued after the consummation of Merger under Sections 1.7(e) or 1.12 of the Merger Agreement, or as part of Earnout Payments under Article II of the Merger Agreement, the Merger Consideration Shares ) and cash in an amount as set forth in the Merger Agreement, and (b) option to acquire shares of common stock of the Company (each, a Company Option ), if unvested, will be accelerated and become vested (subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement), and each Company Option (whether vested or unvested) shall be terminated in exchange for the right to receive a portion of the Merger Consideration Shares and cash in such amounts as set forth in the Merger agreement. Any capitalized term used but not defined in this Letter of Transmittal will have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Merger Agreement.
The undersigned holder ( Holder ) of Company Shares and/or Company Options understands that this Letter of Transmittal is being provided to both the Company and the Parent in connection with, and as a condition to the consummation of the Merger, and that the Company and the Parent are consummating the Merger and the other transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement in reliance upon the representations, warranties, covenants and agreements of Holder set forth in this Letter of Transmittal.
IN ADDITION, HOLDER HAS READ, UNDERSTANDS AND AGREES TO ALL OF THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS SET FORTH IN THE MERGER AGREEMENT, THE ANCILLARY DOCUMENTS TO WHICH THE HOLDER IS BOUND, THE MATERIALS ACCOMPANYING THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL AND THE ACCOMPANYING INSTRUCTIONS BEFORE COMPLETING ANY OF THE INFORMATION BELOW.
Please read carefully this entire Letter of Transmittal and the accompanying instructions before completing any of the boxes below.
1. Representations and Warranties of Holder . Holder hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the Company and the Parent as follows as of the date of this Letter of Transmittal and as of the Effective Time:
(a) Ownership of Securities . All of the Company Shares and Company Options owned by Holder, including without limitation the number, type, class and series thereof, are set forth and accurately described in Schedule 1 below (the Holder Company Securities ). Holder has beneficial ownership over, is the lawful owner of, and has good and valid title to, the Holder Company Securities, free and clear of any and all pledges, mortgages, encumbrances, charges, proxies, voting agreements, liens, adverse claims, options, security interests and demands of any nature or kind whatsoever (other than those imposed by applicable securities laws, the
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Companys organizational documents and stockholders agreement, each as in effect on the date hereof, with respect to Company Options, the Company equity plan under which they were issued and any related grant agreements, or any applicable Voting Agreement entered into by Holder with the Company and the Parent in connection with the Merger Agreement). There are no claims for finders fees or brokerage commission or other like payments in connection with the Merger Agreement or the transactions contemplated thereby payable by Holder pursuant to arrangements made by such Holder. Except for the Holder Company Securities set forth on Schedule 1 and any Company Options, Holder is not a beneficial owner or record holder of any: (i) equity securities of the Company, (ii) securities of the Company having the right to vote on any matters on which the holders of equity securities of the Company may vote, or (iii) options, warrants or other rights to acquire from the Company any equity securities or securities convertible into or exchangeable for equity securities of the Company.
(b) Binding Agreement . Holder (i) if a natural person, is of legal age to execute this Letter of Transmittal and each of the Exhibits hereto, including without limitation the Lock-Up Agreement, the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement (if applicable), the Option Cancellation Agreement (if applicable), and any other document required by this Letter of Transmittal (collectively with the Letter of Transmittal, the Transmittal Documents ), and is legally competent to do so and (ii) if not a natural person, is (A) a corporation or other entity duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization and (B) has all necessary power and authority to execute and deliver the Transmittal Documents, to perform its obligations hereunder and thereunder and to consummate the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby. If Holder is not a natural person, the execution and delivery of the Transmittal Documents, the performance of its obligations hereunder and thereunder and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby and thereby by Holder has been duly authorized by all necessary corporate or similar action on the part of Holder. This Letter of Transmittal and each other Transmittal Document, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery hereof by the other parties hereto and thereto, constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of Holder, enforceable against Holder in accordance with its terms (except as such enforceability may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and other similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors rights, and to general equitable principles).
(c) No Conflicts . No filing with, or notification to, any governmental authority, and no consent, approval, authorization or permit of any other person or entity is necessary for the execution of this Letter of Transmittal or any other Transmittal Document by Holder, the performance of its obligations hereunder or thereunder or the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby. None of the execution and delivery of this Letter of Transmittal or any other Transmittal Document by Holder, the performance of its obligations hereunder or thereunder or the consummation by it of the transactions contemplated hereby or thereby will (i) conflict with or result in any breach of the organizational documents of Holder, if applicable, (ii) result in, or give rise to, a violation or breach of or a default under any of the terms of any contract or obligation to which Holder is a party or by which Holder or any of the Company Shares or Company Options or its other assets may be bound, or (iii) to the actual knowledge of Holder, violate any applicable law or order, except for any of the foregoing in clauses (i) through (iii) as would not reasonably be expected to impair in any material respect Holders ability to perform its obligations under this Letter of Transmittal or the other Transmittal Documents.
2. Disposition of Company Shares . Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, Holder hereby surrenders, cancels and terminates Holders Company Shares and Company Options, if any, in exchange for Holders Pro Rata Share of the Total Consideration, subject to the terms and conditions of the Merger Agreement. Holder hereby authorizes and instructs the Parent to make entries in its books and records to record and give effect to the issue and allotment of the portion of Total Consideration due to Holder as a result of the Merger, if any, in the name of and deliver to the address indicated below (unless otherwise instructed in Schedule 1 hereto).
3. Appointment of Seller Representative to Act on Holders Behalf . By the execution and delivery of this Letter of Transmittal, Holder on behalf of itself and its successors and assigns, hereby agrees to the provisions of Section 11.14 of the Merger Agreement and irrevocably constitutes and appoints Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P. in the capacity as the Seller Representative as set forth in the Merger Agreement, as the true and lawful
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agent and attorney-in-fact of Holder with full powers of substitution to act in the name, place and stead of thereof with respect to the performance on behalf of Holder to the extent set forth in Section 11.14 of the Merger Agreement.
4. Post-Closing Adjustment . Holder acknowledges, covenants and agrees that pursuant to Section 1.12 of the Merger Agreement, Holder may be required after the Closing to return a number of Parent Common Shares issued as part of the Merger Consideration at the Closing to the Parent. Holder hereby agrees to comply with its obligations under Section 1.12 of the Merger Agreement to deliver Parent Common Shares to the Parent to the extent that Holder, as a Company Securityholder, is required to make such delivery thereunder.
5. Accelerated Options . Holder, if a holder of a Company Option that is an Accelerated Option, acknowledges, covenants and agrees that pursuant to and in accordance with Section 1.8(d)(ii) of the Merger Agreement, in order for Holder to receive an installment of its Pro Rata Share of the Earnout Payments associated with such Holders Accelerated Option, Holder must be an employee of Parent or the Surviving Entity or their respective Subsidiaries at the time such installment is paid or issued, and if not so employed, Holder shall have no rights to such Earnout Payment with respect to any of Holders Accelerated Options.
6. Release of Claims . In consideration of the receipt of its Pro Rata Share of the Total Consideration, Holder, intending to be legally bound, effective as of the Effective Time hereby releases and discharges the Company and its affiliates and their respective directors, officers, employees, agents, representatives, successors and assigns (collectively, Releasees ) fully, finally and forever, from all and any manner of claims, actions, rights, causes of actions, suits, obligations, liabilities, debts, due sums of money, agreements, promises, damages, judgments, executions, accounts, expenses, costs, attorneys fees and demands whatsoever, whether in law, contract or equity, whether known or unknown, matured or unmatured, foreseen or unforeseen, arising out of events existing or occurring contemporaneously with or prior to the Effective Time, in each case, in Holders capacity as a shareholder or option holder of the Company (or its predecessors) or otherwise relating to Holders acquisition, ownership, control or sale of Company Shares or Company Options; provided, that nothing contained herein shall operate to release any liabilities of a Releasee based upon, arising out of or relating to, without duplication, this Letter of Transmittal and each of the Exhibits hereto, including the Lock-Up Agreement, the Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, if applicable, and the Option Cancellation Agreement, if applicable, and any other document required by this Letter of Transmittal, the Merger Agreement or any of the Ancillary Documents. This release may not be altered except in a writing signed by the person or entity against whose interest such change shall operate. This release shall be governed by and construed under the laws of the State of New York, without regard to principals of conflicts of law.
7. Confidentiality . Holder hereby agrees for a period of two (2) years from and after the date hereof to, and to cause its affiliates and the managers, directors, officers, employees, agents or advisors of Holder or its affiliates ( Holder s Representatives ) to: (i) treat and hold in strict confidence any Company Confidential Information (as defined in the Merger Agreement), and not use for any purpose (except in connection with the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Letter of Transmittal, the Merger Agreement or the Ancillary Documents, performing its obligations hereunder or thereunder or enforcing its rights hereunder or thereunder), nor directly or indirectly disclose, distribute, publish, disseminate or otherwise make available to any third party any of the Company Confidential Information without the Companys and the Parents prior written consent (except for (A) for disclosures to Holders Representatives, in each case with a bona fide need to know, provided that such persons and entities have agreed to the confidentiality restrictions contained herein or (B) if such Company Confidential Information has otherwise been made public other than as a result of a breach by Holder of its confidentiality obligations under this Letter of Transmittal (including its obligations with respect to Holders Representatives) or pursuant to a separate confidentiality obligation to the Company or Parent); and (ii) in the event that Holder or any of Holders Representatives becomes legally compelled to disclose any Company Confidential Information, (A) provide the Company and the Parent with prompt written notice of such requirement so that the Company and the Parent may seek a protective order or other remedy or waive compliance with this Section 7 and (B) in the event that such protective order or other remedy is not obtained, or the Company and the Parent waive compliance with this this Section 7 , furnish only that portion of such
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Company Confidential Information which is legally required to be provided as advised in writing by outside counsel and to exercise its commercially reasonable efforts to obtain assurances that confidential treatment will be accorded such Company Confidential Information. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event that Holder is already subject to confidentiality obligations to the Company which are in effect as of the Closing Date which provide that such confidentiality obligations are the sole confidentiality provisions with respect to the Company applicable to Holder, then those confidentiality obligations will apply to Holder in lieu of the provisions of this Section 7 .
{ REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK ; SIGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS }
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IMPORTANTHOLDERS SIGN HERE
(Must be signed by registered Holder(s) exactly as name(s) appear(s) on share certificate(s), Company Options and/or on a security position listing or by person(s) authorized to become registered holder(s) as evidenced by certificates and documents transmitted herewith. If signature is by trustees, executors, administrators, guardians, attorneys-in-fact, officers of corporations or others acting in a fiduciary or representative capacity, please set forth full title and see Instruction 2.)
Method of delivery of the certificate(s) is at the option and risk of the Holder. See Instruction 1.
Signature (s): |
Print Name: |
Title (if signing on behalf of an entity Holder): |
Mailing Address: |
Area Code and Telephone Number: |
Email Address: |
Dated: , 2018
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Schedule 1
Holder Company Securities
Names(s) and Address(es) of Registered Owner(s) (Please fill in, if blank, exactly as name(s) appear(s) on the records of the Company) |
Company Shares (Attach additional list if necessary) |
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Company Certificate Number(s)
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Number and Class of Company Shares
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Names(s) and Address(es) of Company Option Holder(s) (Please fill in, if blank, exactly as name(s) appear(s) on warrant documentation) |
Company Options (Attach additional list if necessary) |
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Company Options Number(s)
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Number and Class of Shares Purchasable under Company Options
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☐ | If any certificate(s) representing Company Shares that you own or Company Options representing your right to purchase Company Shares have been lost or destroyed, check this box and see Instruction 6. Please fill out the remainder of this Letter of Transmittal and: |
1. | Indicate here the number and class of Company Shares represented by the lost or destroyed certificates: |
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(number and class of Company Shares); |
2. | Indicate here the number and class of Company Shares purchasable pursuant to the lost or destroyed Company Options |
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(number and class of Company Shares underlying Company Options) |
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Schedule 2
Special Issuance and Delivery Instructions
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Exhibit A
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
TO BE COMPLETED BY ALL HOLDERS
[Complete attached Form Lock-Up Agreement]
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Exhibit B-1
IRS Form W-9
TO BE COMPLETED BY ALL U.S. HOLDERS
(See Instruction 4)
[Complete attached Form W-9]
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Exhibit B-2
Form W-8BEN
TO BE COMPLETED BY ALL NON-U.S. HOLDERS
(See Instruction 4)
[Complete attached Form W-8BEN]
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Exhibit C
Form of Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement
TO BE COMPLETED BY HOLDERS OF THE COMPANYS CLASS A COMMON STOCK
[Complete attached Form Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement]
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Exhibit D
Form of Stock Power
TO BE COMPLETED BY HOLDERS OF COMPANY SHARES
WHERE THE LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL IS NOT SIGNED BY THE
REGISTERED OWNER OF THE STOCK CERTIFICATE(S)
(See Instruction 2)
[Complete attached Form Stock Power]
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Exhibit E
Form of Option Cancellation Agreement
TO BE COMPLETED BY HOLDERS OF COMPANY OPTIONS
(See Instruction 2)
[Complete attached Form Option Cancellation Agreement]
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Exhibit C
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
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FINAL FORM
FORM OF LOCK-UP AGREEMENT
THIS LOCK-UP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) is made and entered into as of [●] 2018 by and between (i) Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation (including any successor entity thereto, Parent ) and (ii) the undersigned stockholder and/or optionholder ( Holder ) of the Company. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined in this Agreement will have the meaning ascribed to such term in the Merger Agreement (defined below).
WHEREAS , on November 30, 2017, Parent, Forum Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ( Merger Sub I ), Forum Merger Subsidiary LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent ( Merger Sub II ), Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, in its capacity thereunder as the Seller Representative, and C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation (including the Surviving Corporation, Surviving Entity or any other successor entity thereto, the Company ) entered into that certain Agreement and Plan of Merger (as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof, the Merger Agreement ), pursuant to which, subject to the terms and conditions thereof, Merger Sub I will merge with and into the Company, with the Company continuing as the surviving corporation (the First Merger ), and a result of which, among other matters, all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company and Company Options immediately prior to the consummation of the First Merger (the Closing ) shall no longer be outstanding and shall automatically be cancelled and shall cease to exist, in exchange for the Total Consideration, including the Parent Common Shares issued as Stock Consideration, Deferred Payment or Earnout Stock Payments;
WHEREAS , Holder, prior to giving effect to the Closing, is a holder of the capital stock of the Company and/or Company Options in such amount as set forth under Holders name on the signature page hereto; and
WHEREAS , pursuant to the Merger Agreement, and in view of the valuable consideration to be received by Holder thereunder, the parties desire to enter into this Agreement, pursuant to which the Stock Consideration (including any shares issued by Parent after the Closing pursuant to Section 1.12 of the Merger Agreement), any Deferred Payment paid in Parent Common Shares under Section 1.7(e) of the Merger Agreement or Earnout Stock Payments to be issued to Holder (such Stock Consideration, Deferred Payment or Earnout Stock Payments, together with any securities paid as dividends or distributions with respect to such securities or into which such securities are exchanged or converted, the Restricted Securities ) shall become subject to limitations on disposition as set forth herein.
NOW, THEREFORE , in consideration of the premises set forth above, which are incorporated in this Agreement as if fully set forth below, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereby agree as follows:
1. Lock-Up Provisions .
(a) Holder hereby agrees not to, during the period commencing from the Closing and through the earlier of (x) the one hundred and eightieth (180) day anniversary of the date of the Closing and (y) the date after the Closing on which Parent consummates a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction with an unaffiliated third party that results in all of Parents shareholders having the right to exchange their equity holdings in Parent for cash, securities or other property ( Change in Control Transaction ) (the Lock-Up Period ): (i) lend, offer, pledge, hypothecate, encumber, donate, assign, sell, contract to sell, sell any option or contract to purchase, purchase any option or contract to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any Restricted Securities, (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of the Restricted Securities, or (iii) publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing, whether any such transaction described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii) above is to be settled by delivery of Restricted Securities or other securities, in cash or otherwise (any of the foregoing described in clauses (i), (ii) or (iii), a Prohibited
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Transfer ). The foregoing sentence shall not apply to the transfer of any or all of the Restricted Securities owned by Holder:
(A) | by a bona fide gift or charitable contribution; |
(B) | by will or intestate succession upon the death of Holder; |
(C) | to any Permitted Transferee; |
(D) | pursuant to a court order or settlement agreement related to the distribution of assets in connection with the dissolution of marriage or civil union; |
(E) | in connection with the disposition or transfer of Parent Common Shares to the Parent upon the net or cashless exercise of a stock option for Parent Common Shares; provided that the underlying Parent Common Shares issued to the undersigned upon such exercise shall continue to be subject to this Agreement; |
(F) | in connection with the exercise solely with cash of a stock option for Parent Common Shares by the undersigned, and the receipt by the undersigned from the Parent of Parent Common Shares upon such exercise, provided that the underlying Parent Common Shares shall continue to be subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in this Agreement; |
(G) | to the Parent of Parent Common Shares in connection with the repurchase by the Parent from the undersigned of Parent Common Shares pursuant to a repurchase right arising upon the termination of the undersigneds employment or service with the Company or the Parent; provided that such repurchase right is pursuant to contractual agreements with the Company or the Parent; |
(H) | to a trading plan established pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act for the transfer of Parent Common Shares; provided that such plan does not provide for the transfer of Parent Common Shares during the Lock-Up Period; or |
(I) | with respect to voting rights pursuant to the execution and delivery of a support, voting or similar agreement in connection with a Change in Control Transaction that is approved by the Parents Board of Directors; |
provided, however , that in any of cases (A), (B), (C) or (D), it shall be a condition to such transfer that the transferee executes and delivers to Parent an agreement stating that the transferee is receiving and holding the Restricted Securities subject to the provisions of this Agreement applicable to Holder, and there shall be no further transfer of such Restricted Securities except in accordance with this Agreement; and provided further , that in any of the of cases (A), (B) or (C) such transfer or distribution shall not involve a disposition for value.
As used in this Agreement, the term Permitted Transferee shall mean:
(i) | the members of Holders immediate family (for purposes of this Agreement, immediate family shall mean with respect to any natural person, any of the following: such persons spouse, the siblings of such person and his or her spouse, and the direct descendants and ascendants (including adopted and step children and parents) of such person and his or her spouses and siblings); |
(ii) | any trust for the direct or indirect benefit of Holder or the immediate family of Holder; |
(iii) | if Holder is a trust, to the trustor or beneficiary of such trust or to the estate of a beneficiary of such trust; |
(iv) | as a distribution to the general partners, limited partners, shareholders, members of, or owners of similar equity interests in Holder; or |
(v) | to any affiliate of Holder. |
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Holder further agrees to execute such agreements as may be reasonably requested by Parent that are consistent with the foregoing or that are necessary to give further effect thereto. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, if during the Lock-Up Period the VWAP of Parent Common Shares for fifteen (15) consecutive Trading Days is at least $12.50 per share (subject to equitable adjustment by Parent in good faith for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and similar transactions) for each such consecutive Trading Day, then commencing immediately on the next Trading Day thereafter, twenty-five percent (25%) of the Restricted Securities owned by Holder at such time will no longer be subject to the transfer restrictions set forth herein.
(b) If any Prohibited Transfer is made or attempted contrary to the provisions of this Agreement, such purported Prohibited Transfer shall be null and void ab initio, and Parent shall refuse to recognize any such purported transferee of the Restricted Securities as one of its equity holders for any purpose. In order to enforce this Section 1 , Parent and may impose stop-transfer instructions with respect to the Restricted Securities of Holder (and permitted transferees and assigns thereof) until the end of the Lock-Up Period.
(c) During the Lock-Up Period, each certificate evidencing any Restricted Securities shall be stamped or otherwise imprinted with a legend in substantially the following form, in addition to any other applicable legends:
THE SECURITIES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER SET FORTH IN A LOCK-UP AGREEMENT, DATED AS OF [●], 2018, BY AND AMONG THE ISSUER OF SUCH SECURITIES (THE ISSUER) AND THE ISSUERS SECURITY HOLDER NAMED THEREIN, AS AMENDED. A COPY OF SUCH LOCK-UP AGREEMENT WILL BE FURNISHED WITHOUT CHARGE BY THE ISSUER TO THE HOLDER HEREOF UPON WRITTEN REQUEST.
(d) For the avoidance of any doubt, Holder shall retain all of its rights as a stockholder of Parent with respect to the Restricted Securities during the Lock-Up Period, including the right to vote any Restricted Securities that are entitled to vote.
2. Miscellaneous .
(a) Termination of Merger Agreement . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, in the event that the Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms prior to the Closing, this Agreement and all rights and obligations of the parties hereunder shall automatically terminate and be of no further force or effect.
(b) Binding Effect; Assignment . This Agreement and all of the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective permitted successors and assigns. This Agreement and all obligations of Holder are personal to Holder and may not be transferred or delegated by Holder at any time. Parent may freely assign any or all of its rights under this Agreement, in whole or in part, to any successor entity (whether by merger, consolidation, equity sale, asset sale or otherwise) without obtaining the consent or approval of Holder.
(c) Third Parties . Nothing contained in this Agreement or in any instrument or document executed by any party in connection with the transactions contemplated hereby shall create any rights in, or be deemed to have been executed for the benefit of, any person or entity that is not a party hereto or thereto or a successor or permitted assign of such a party.
(d) Governing Law; Jurisdiction . This Agreement and any dispute or controversy arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, without regard to the conflict of law principles thereof. All Actions arising out of or relating to this Agreement shall be heard and determined exclusively in any state or federal court located in New York, New York (or in any appellate courts thereof) (the Specified Courts ). Each party hereto hereby (i) submits to the
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exclusive jurisdiction of any Specified Court for the purpose of any Action arising out of or relating to this Agreement brought by any party hereto and (ii) irrevocably waives, and agrees not to assert by way of motion, defense or otherwise, in any such Action, any claim that it is not subject personally to the jurisdiction of the above-named courts, that its property is exempt or immune from attachment or execution, that the Action is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the Action is improper, or that this Agreement or the transactions contemplated hereby may not be enforced in or by any Specified Court. Each party agrees that a final judgment in any Action shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by Law. Each party irrevocably consents to the service of the summons and complaint and any other process in any other action or proceeding relating to the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, on behalf of itself, or its property, by personal delivery of copies of such process to such party at the applicable address set forth in Section 2(g) . Nothing in this Section 2(d) shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any other manner permitted by applicable law.
(e) WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL . EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVES TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ANY RIGHT IT MAY HAVE TO A TRIAL BY JURY WITH RESPECT TO ANY ACTION DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ARISING OUT OF, UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY. EACH PARTY HERETO (i) CERTIFIES THAT NO REPRESENTATIVE OF ANY OTHER PARTY HAS REPRESENTED, EXPRESSLY OR OTHERWISE, THAT SUCH OTHER PARTY WOULD NOT, IN THE EVENT OF ANY ACTION, SEEK TO ENFORCE THAT FOREGOING WAIVER AND (ii) ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT AND THE OTHER PARTIES HERETO HAVE BEEN INDUCED TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT BY, AMONG OTHER THINGS, THE MUTUAL WAIVERS AND CERTIFICATIONS IN THIS SECTION 2(e) .
(f) Interpretation . The titles and subtitles used in this Agreement are for convenience only and are not to be considered in construing or interpreting this Agreement. In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires: (i) any pronoun used in this Agreement shall include the corresponding masculine, feminine or neuter forms, and the singular form of nouns, pronouns and verbs shall include the plural and vice versa; (ii) including (and with correlative meaning include) means including without limiting the generality of any description preceding or succeeding such term and shall be deemed in each case to be followed by the words without limitation; (iii) the words herein, hereto, and hereby and other words of similar import in this Agreement shall be deemed in each case to refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular section or other subdivision of this Agreement; and (iv) the term or means and/or. The parties have participated jointly in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement. Consequently, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted jointly by the parties hereto, and no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party by virtue of the authorship of any provision of this Agreement.
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(g) Notices . All notices, consents, waivers and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered (i) in person, (ii) by facsimile or other electronic means, with affirmative confirmation of receipt, (iii) one Business Day after being sent, if sent by reputable, nationally recognized overnight courier service or (iv) three (3) Business Days after being mailed, if sent by registered or certified mail, pre-paid and return receipt requested, in each case to the applicable party at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):
If to the Parent
ConvergeOne, Inc. 3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 Attn: Board of Directors |
With a copy to (which shall not constitute notice):
Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130 Attn: Mehdi Khodadad, Esq. John T. McKenna, Esq. Facsimile No.: (650) 849-7400 Telephone No.: (650) 843-5000 Email: mkhodadad@cooley.com jmckenna@cooley.com
and
Hogan Lovells US LLP 4085 Campbell Avenue, Suite 100 Menlo Park, CA 94025 Attn: Mark L. Heimlich Attn: Alexander B. Johnson Attn: John H. Booher Facsimile No.: (650) 463-4199 Telephone No.: (650) 463-4000
and
Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP 1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor New York, New York 10105 Attn: Douglas Ellenoff, Esq. Tamar Donikyan, Esq. Facsimile No.: (212) 370-7889 Telephone No.: (212) 370-1300 Email: ellenoff@egsllp.com tdonikyan@egsllp.com
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If to the Holder, to: the address set forth under Holders name on the signature page hereto.
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(h) Amendments and Waivers . Any term of this Agreement may be amended and the observance of any term of this Agreement may be waived (either generally or in a particular instance, and either retroactively or prospectively) only with the written consent of Parent and Holder. No failure or delay by a party in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof. No waivers of or exceptions to any term, condition, or provision of this Agreement, in any one or more instances, shall be deemed to be or construed as a further or continuing waiver of any such term, condition, or provision.
(i) Severability . In case any provision in this Agreement shall be held invalid, illegal or unenforceable in a jurisdiction, such provision shall be modified or deleted, as to the jurisdiction involved, only to the extent necessary to render the same valid, legal and enforceable, and the validity, legality and enforceability of the
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remaining provisions hereof shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby nor shall the validity, legality or enforceability of such provision be affected thereby in any other jurisdiction. Upon such determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties will substitute for any invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision a suitable and equitable provision that carries out, so far as may be valid, legal and enforceable, the intent and purpose of such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision.
(j) Specific Performance . Holder acknowledges that its obligations under this Agreement are unique, recognizes and affirms that in the event of a breach of this Agreement by Holder, money damages will be inadequate and Parent will have no adequate remedy at law, and agrees that irreparable damage would occur in the event that any of the provisions of this Agreement were not performed by Holder in accordance with their specific terms or were otherwise breached. Accordingly, Parent shall be entitled to an injunction or restraining order to prevent breaches of this Agreement by Holder and to enforce specifically the terms and provisions hereof, without the requirement to post any bond or other security or to prove that money damages would be inadequate, this being in addition to any other right or remedy to which such party may be entitled under this Agreement, at law or in equity.
(k) Entire Agreement . This Agreement constitutes the full and entire understanding and agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof, and any other written or oral agreement relating to the subject matter hereof existing between the parties is expressly canceled; provided , that, for the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing shall not affect the rights and obligations of the parties under the Merger Agreement or any Ancillary Documents. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Agreement shall limit any of the rights or remedies of Parent or any of the obligations of Holder under any other agreement between Holder and Parent or any certificate or instrument executed by Holder in favor of Parent, and nothing in any other agreement, certificate or instrument shall limit any of the rights or remedies of Parent or any of the obligations of Holder under this Agreement.
(l) Parent Action . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, all actions, determinations and authorizations on the part of the Parent under this Agreement shall be taken and authorized by a majority of the disinterested independent directors on Parents Board of Directors, and the Parent shall not be deemed to have taken any action, made any determination or provided any authorization under this Agreement that has not been authorized by a majority of the disinterested independent directors on Parents Board of Directors, including any amendment or waiver on behalf of the Parent under this Agreement.
(m) Further Assurances . From time to time, at another partys request and without further consideration (but at the requesting partys reasonable cost and expense), each party shall execute and deliver such additional documents and take all such further action as may be reasonably necessary to consummate the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
(n) Counterparts; Facsimile. This Agreement may also be executed and delivered by facsimile signature or by email in portable document format in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
[ Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature Pages Follow ]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have executed this Lock-Up Agreement as of the date first written above.
Parent: | ||
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION | ||
By: |
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Name: |
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Title: |
{Additional Signature on the Following Page}
{Signature Page to Lock-Up Agreement}
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have executed this Lock-Up Agreement as of the date first written above.
Holder: | ||
Name of Holder: | [ ] | |
By: |
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Name: | ||
Title: |
Number and Type of Shares of Company Stock:
shares of Company Class A Common Stock
shares of Company Class B Common Stock
Number of Company Options:
Company Options to purchase shares of Company Stock
Address for Notice: | ||
Address: |
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Facsimile No.: |
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Telephone No.: |
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Email: |
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{Signature Page to Lock-Up Agreement}
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Exhibit D
Form of Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement
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FINAL FORM
Forum Investors I, LLC
135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor,
New York, New York
November 30, 2017
Forum Merger Corporation
c/o Forum Investors I, LLC 135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor New York, New York Attn: Chief Executive Officer |
C1 Investment Corp.
3344 Highway 149 Eagan, MN 55121 Attn: John McKenna, Chief Executive Officer |
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Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P.
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Re: Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Reference is made to that certain: (i) Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of the date hereof (as it may be amended, the Merger Agreement ) by and among Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation (the Parent ), FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Parent, FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Parent, Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, in the capacity thereunder as the Seller Representative (the Seller Representative ), and C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation (the Company ); and (ii) Stock Escrow Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2017 (the Escrow Agreement ), by and among Parent, Forum Investors I, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Sponsor ), and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, a New York corporation (the Escrow Agent ). Unless otherwise defined herein, capitalized terms used herein shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in the Merger Agreement.
In order to induce the Company to enter into the Merger Agreement, the Sponsor has agreed to enter into this letter agreement (this Agreement ) relating to the 4,312,500 Parent Founder Shares initially purchased by Sponsor in a private placement prior to the IPO, which shares are currently held by Sponsor.
For good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Sponsor and each of the undersigned parties hereby agrees as follows:
1. | The Sponsor hereby agrees, upon and subject to the Closing, to forfeit 1,078,125 of the Parent Founder Shares (the Forfeited Shares ). In order to effectuate such forfeiture, upon the Closing, the Sponsor shall deliver the Forfeited Shares to Parent in certificated or book entry form (at the election of the Sponsor) for cancellation by Parent. |
2. |
The Sponsor hereby agrees that, upon and subject to the Closing, an additional 2,156,250 of the Parent Founder Shares (the Sponsor Earnout Shares ) shall be subject to potential forfeiture in the event that Earnout Payments are not achieved by the Parent and its Subsidiaries, including the Surviving Corporation and Surviving Entity pursuant to Article II of the Merger Agreement, with such Sponsor Earnout Shares vesting pursuant to the terms of this Agreement. One-third (1/3rd) of the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall become fully vested and no longer subject to forfeiture upon each date of final determination pursuant to Section 2.2 of the Merger Agreement that (i) the 2018 Target has been achieved, (ii) the 2019 Target has been achieved, and (iii) the 2020 Target has been achieved, and, in each case, that the applicable Earnout |
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Payment has become payable as a result thereof (whether in the form of a Regular Earnout Payment, Catchup Earnout Payment or Accelerated Earnout Payment). In the event of a Change of Control, all Sponsor Earnout Shares shall immediately vest and no longer be subject to forfeiture upon such Change of Control. Any Sponsor Earnout Shares that have not vested pursuant to this Section 2 on or prior to the date that (i) all earned Earnout Payments have been made and (ii) it is finally determined that the Company Securityholders are not entitled to or eligible to receive any further Earnout Payments under the Merger Agreement, will be forfeited by the Sponsor after such date, and the Sponsor will deliver any such forfeited Sponsor Earnout Shares to the Parent in certificated or book entry form (at the election of the Sponsor) for cancellation by Parent. |
3. | The Sponsor hereby agrees that it shall not sell, transfer, or otherwise dispose of, or hypothecate or otherwise grant any interest in or to, any of the Sponsor Earnout Shares, unless and until such shares have become vested in accordance with Section 2 above and are no longer subject to the Escrow Period (as used herein, as defined in the Escrow Agreement) in accordance with the Escrow Agreement as amended by Section 6 below. The share certificates representing the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall contain a legend relating to transfer restrictions imposed by this Agreement and the risk of forfeiture associated with the Sponsor Earnout Shares. Such legend shall be removed upon the request of Sponsor (with written notice to the Parent) following any such Sponsor Earnout Shares becoming vested and no longer subject to forfeiture. |
4. | Until and unless the Sponsor Earnout Shares are forfeited, the Sponsor shall have full ownership rights to the Sponsor Earnout Shares, including the right to vote such shares. Notwithstanding the foregoing, dividends shall not accrue on the unvested Sponsor Earnout Shares, nor shall Sponsor have the right to receive dividends and distributions on the unvested Sponsor Earnout Shares, in each case, until and unless and to the extent that any such Sponsor Earnout Shares shall have become vested in accordance with Section 2 . |
5. | The Sponsor hereby agrees, on behalf of itself and its members and Affiliates, that effective upon and conditioned upon the Closing, it hereby waives (i) any rights that it has under Article Fourth, Section B(b)(ii) of the Parents amended and restated certificate of incorporation to the adjustment to the conversion ratio of the Parent Founder Shares in connection with the PIPE Investment or the Closing and (ii) any other preemptive or participation rights that the Sponsor and/or its members or Affiliates may have with respect to the PIPE Investment, including any rights under the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of the Sponsor. |
6. | The parties hereby agree that, effective upon and conditioned upon the Closing, and subject to receipt of (i) the approval of Parents stockholders at the Special Meeting with respect to such amendment and (ii) the acknowledgement, approval and acceptance of such amendment by both the Escrow Agent and EBC, the Escrow Agreement is hereby amended so that with respect to the Escrow Shares (as defined in the Escrow Agreement), notwithstanding the provisions of the Escrow Agreement, including Section 3.2 thereof: |
(a) | upon the Closing, the Forfeited Shares shall immediately be released from escrow and disbursed by the Escrow Agent to the Parent to be cancelled by the Parent, and the Escrow Period (as used herein, as defined in the Escrow Agreement) with respect to the Forfeited Shares shall end at the Closing; |
(b) | upon the Closing, any Parent Founder Shares other than the Forfeited Shares and the Sponsor Earnout Shares shall immediately be released from escrow and disbursed by the Escrow Agent to the Sponsor, and the Escrow Period with respect to such Parent Founder Shares shall end at the Closing; |
(c) |
with respect to the Sponsor Earnout Shares, the Escrow Period shall instead be the period from the Closing until the earlier of (i) the one hundred and eighty (180) day anniversary of the date of the Closing and (ii) the date after the Closing on which Parent consummates a liquidation, merger, share exchange or other similar transaction with an unaffiliated third party that results in all of Parents shareholders having the right to exchange their equity holdings in Parent for cash, securities or other property. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the VWAP of Parent Common Shares for fifteen |
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(15) consecutive Trading Days is at least $12.50 per share (subject to equitable adjustment by Parent in good faith for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations and similar transactions) for each such Trading Day (such condition, the Stock Price Condition ), then the Escrow Period shall be deemed to have ended upon the end of such fifteenth (15 th ) consecutive Trading Day with respect to twenty-five percent (25%) of the Sponsor Earnout Shares (with such twenty-five percent (25%) Sponsor Earnout Shares only including any Sponsor Earnout Shares that are vested and no longer subject to forfeiture at such time or any Sponsor Earnout Shares that vest at any time thereafter). As promptly as possible after the occurrence of any such event, the Parent will notify and certify to the Escrow Agent in writing that the Stock Price Condition has been met or that a transaction described in clause (ii) of this clause (c) have been consummated, and the Escrow Agent will thereupon release the applicable Sponsor Earnout Shares to the Sponsor. For the avoidance of doubt, any Sponsor Earnout Shares that are released from the escrow with the Escrow Agent will still be subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 3 above until they have become vested in accordance with Section 2 above. |
7. | Parent hereby agrees that all Parent Securities owned by the Sponsor or its members or Affiliates, including the Sponsor Earnout Shares (and with respect to any Parent Private Warrants, the Parent Common Shares issuable upon exercise thereof), will be included in the resale registration statement to be filed by the Parent pursuant to Section 6.20 of the Merger Agreement and that the Sponsor will have the right to enforce the provisions of Section 6.20 of the Merger Agreement with respect to any such Parent Securities. Although such registration shall not be a Demand Registration under the Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2017, by and between the Parent and the Sponsor (the Existing Registration Rights Agreement ) or the Registration Rights Agreement (as defined in the Merger Agreement), the Sponsor (and its members and Affiliates) and Parent will have such rights and obligations with respect to such registration as if the Sponsor (directly or behalf of its members or Affiliates) had exercised a Demand Registration under Section 2.1 of the Existing Registration Rights Agreement as in effect on the date hereof with respect to the securities included in such registration. |
8. | Except as expressly provided in this Agreement, all of the terms and provisions in the Escrow Agreement are and shall remain unchanged and in full force and effect, on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein. This Agreement does not constitute, directly or by implication, an amendment or waiver of any provision of the Escrow Agreement, or any other right, remedy, power or privilege of any party thereto, except as expressly set forth herein. If any provision of the Escrow Agreement is different from or inconsistent with any provision of this Agreement, the provision of this Agreement shall control, and the provision of the Escrow Agreement shall, to the extent of such difference or inconsistency, be disregarded. |
9. | This Agreement, together with the Merger Agreement to the extent referenced herein, and the Escrow Agreement, as amended hereby, constitutes the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior understandings, agreements, or representations by or among the parties hereto, written or oral, relating to the subject matter hereof. This Agreement may not be changed, amended, modified or waived as to any particular provision, except by a written instrument executed by all parties hereto. |
10. | No party hereto may assign either this Agreement or any of its rights, interests, or obligations hereunder without the prior written consent of the other parties hereto, and any purported assignment in violation of the foregoing shall be null and void ab initio. This Agreement shall be binding on the parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. |
11. | This Agreement shall be construed and interpreted in a manner consistent with the provisions of the Merger Agreement. The provisions set forth in Sections 11.4 through 11.8, 11.12 and 11.13 of the Merger Agreement, as in effect as of the date hereof, are hereby incorporated by reference into, and shall be deemed to apply to, this Agreement as if all references to the Agreement in such sections were instead references to this Agreement. |
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12. | Any notice, consent or request to be given in connection with any of the terms or provisions of this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be sent in the same manner as provided in the Merger Agreement, with notices to the Parent, the Company and the Seller Representative being sent to the addresses set forth therein, and with notices to the Sponsor being sent to the address set forth in the Escrow Agreement, in each case with all copies as required thereunder. |
13. | This Agreement shall terminate at such time, if any, as the Merger Agreement is terminated in accordance with its terms, and upon such termination this Agreement shall be null and void and of no effect whatsoever, and the parties hereto shall have no obligations under this Agreement. |
{Remainder of Page Intentionally Left Blank; Signature page follows}
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Please indicate your agreement to the foregoing by signing in the space provided below.
FORUM INVESTORS I, LLC |
By: |
|
Name: | ||
Title: |
Accepted and agreed, effective as of the date first set forth above:
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
C1 INVESTMENT CORP. | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
CLEARLAKE CAPITAL MANAGEMENT III, L.P . , solely in its capacity under the Merger Agreement as the Seller Representative | ||
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
[Signature Page to Sponsor Earnout Letter and Amendment to Escrow Agreement]
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Exhibit E
Form of Registration Rights Agreement
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REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT
T HIS A MENDED AND R ESTATED R EGISTRATION R IGHTS A GREEMENT (this Agreement ) is entered into as of the day of , 2018, by and among F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION , a Delaware corporation (the Company ), and the parties set forth on Exhibit A hereto (collectively the Investors ).
W HEREAS , the Company, C1 Investment Corp., a Delaware corporation ( C1 ), FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company ( Merger Sub ), and the other parties named therein have entered into that certain Merger Agreement, dated as of November 30, 2017 (as amended from time to time in accordance with the terms thereof, the Merger Agreement ), pursuant to which Merger Sub will merge with and into C1, with C1 continuing as the surviving entity (the Merger );
W HEREAS , Forum Investors I, LLC (the Sponsor ) is a party to a Registration Rights Agreement dated as of April 6, 2017, by and between the Sponsor and the Company (the Prior Agreement ), pursuant to which the Company provided the Sponsor with certain rights relating to the registration of shares of Common Stock, Founders Units (as defined in the Prior Agreement) and Working Capital Units (as defined in the Prior Agreement) held by them;
W HEREAS , as a condition to the willingness of C1 to enter into the Merger Agreement and to consummate the Merger, the Company has agreed to amend and restate the Prior Agreement in order to provide rights relating to the registration of shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to the holders of C1s Class A Common Stock pursuant to the Merger; and
W HEREAS , the parties to the Prior Agreement desire to amend and restate the Prior Agreement and accept the rights and covenants hereof in lieu of their rights and covenants under the Prior Agreement.
N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements set forth herein, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:
A. The Prior Agreement is hereby amended in its entirety and restated herein. Such amendment and restatement is effective upon the execution of this Agreement by the Company and the Sponsor, which holds sixty-six and two-thirds percent of all of the outstanding Registrable Securities (as defined under the Prior Agreement) under the Prior Agreement as of the date of this Agreement. Upon such execution, all provisions of, rights granted and covenants made in the Prior Agreement are hereby waived, released and superseded in their entirety and shall have no further force or effect, including, without limitation, all rights of first refusal and any notice period associated therewith otherwise applicable to the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement (provided, that for the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing will not affect the rights of the Sponsor under the Sponsor Earnout Letter and Escrow Agreement Amendment (as defined in the Merger Agreement)).
1. D EFINITIONS . The following capitalized terms used herein have the following meanings:
Agreement means this Agreement, as amended, restated, supplemented, or otherwise modified from time to time.
Commission means the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or any other federal agency then administering the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
Common Stock means the Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company, including without limitation any shares of Class F Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share, of the Company that converted into shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share of the Company upon the consummation of the Merger.
Company is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
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Demand Registration is defined in Section 2.1.1.
Demanding Holder is defined in Section 2.1.1.
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.
Form S-3 is defined in Section 2.3.
Indemnified Party is defined in Section 4.3.
Indemnifying Party is defined in Section 4.3.
Investor Indemnified Party is defined in Section 4.1.
Investors is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
Maximum Number of Shares is defined in Section 2.1.4.
Notices is defined in Section 6.3.
Piggy-Back Registration is defined in Section 2.2.1.
Private Warrants means the warrants that were included as part of the units issued in a private placement to the Sponsor at the time of the consummation of the Companys initial public offering and any warrants underlying any units held by the Sponsor, or officers or directors of the Company, or their affiliates, which may have been issued in payment of working capital loans made to the Company.
Register, Registered and Registration mean a registration effected by preparing and filing a registration statement or similar document in compliance with the requirements of the Securities Act, and the applicable rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and such registration statement becoming effective.
Registrable Securities means (i) shares of Common Stock issued or issuable to Investors in exchange for shares of Class A Common Stock of C1 upon the closing of the Merger (including without limitation any shares of Common Stock to be issued after the closing of the Merger pursuant to the Merger Agreement) and (ii) shares of Common Stock (including shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Private Warrants) held by the Sponsor immediately after the closing of the Merger (including without limitation, giving effect to the conversion of (x) any shares of Class F Common Stock of the Company in shares of Class A Common Stock of the Company upon the closing of the Companys initial business combination, and (y) any rights that were included as part of the units issued in a private placement to the Sponsor at the time of the consummation of the Companys initial public offering into shares of Common Stock). Registrable Securities include any warrants, shares of capital stock or other securities of the Company issued as a dividend or other distribution with respect to or in exchange for or in replacement of such shares of Common Stock (including shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Private Warrants). As to any particular Registrable Securities, such securities shall cease to be Registrable Securities when: (a) a Registration Statement with respect to the sale of such securities shall have become effective under the Securities Act and such securities shall have been sold, transferred, disposed of or exchanged in accordance with such Registration Statement; (b) such securities shall have been otherwise transferred, new certificates for them not bearing a legend restricting further transfer shall have been delivered by the Company and subsequent public distribution of them shall not require registration under the Securities Act; (c) such securities shall have ceased to be outstanding; or (d) such securities are freely saleable under Rule 144 without volume limitations.
Registration Statement means a registration statement filed by the Company with the Commission in compliance with the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder for a public offering and sale of Common Stock (other than a registration statement on Form S-4 or Form S-8, or their successors, or any registration statement covering only securities proposed to be issued in exchange for securities or assets of another entity).
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Rule 144 means Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect at the time.
Sponsor is defined in the preamble to this Agreement.
Underwriter means a securities dealer who purchases any Registrable Securities as principal in an underwritten offering and not as part of such dealers market-making activities.
2. R EGISTRATION R IGHTS .
2.1 Demand Registration .
2.1.1 Request for Registration . At any time and from time to time on or after the date of this Agreement, the holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities, as the case may be, held by the Investors or their affiliates, or the permitted transferees of the Investors, may make a written demand for registration under the Securities Act of all or part of the Registrable Securities, as the case may be (a Demand Registration ). Any demand for a Demand Registration shall specify the number of shares of Registrable Securities proposed to be sold and the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. The Company will within 10 days of the Companys receipt of the Demand Registration notify all holders of Registrable Securities of the demand, and each holder of Registrable Securities who wishes to include all or a portion of such holders Registrable Securities in the Demand Registration (each such holder including shares of Registrable Securities in such registration, a Demanding Holder ) shall so notify the Company within ten (10) days after the receipt by the holder of the notice from the Company. Upon any such request, the Demanding Holders shall be entitled to have their Registrable Securities included in the Demand Registration, subject to Section 2.1.4 and the provisos set forth in Section 3.1.1. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not be obligated to effect any such registration pursuant to this Section 2.1 if the holders of the Registrable Securities, together with the holders of any other securities of the Company entitled to inclusion in such registration, propose to sell Registrable Securities and such other securities (if any) at any aggregate price to the public of less than $1,000,000.
2.1.2 Effective Registration . A registration will not count as a Demand Registration until the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Demand Registration has been declared effective and the Company has complied with all of its obligations under this Agreement with respect thereto; provided, however, that if, after such Registration Statement has been declared effective, the offering of Registrable Securities pursuant to a Demand Registration is interfered with by any stop order or injunction of the Commission or any other governmental agency or court, the Registration Statement with respect to such Demand Registration will be deemed not to have been declared effective, unless and until, (i) such stop order or injunction is removed, rescinded or otherwise terminated, and (ii) a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders thereafter affirmatively elect to continue the offering and notify the Company in writing, but in no event later than five (5) days of such election; provided, further, that the Company shall not be obligated to file a second Registration Statement until a Registration Statement that has been filed is counted as a Demand Registration or is terminated.
2.1.3 Underwritten Offering . If a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders so elect and such holders so advise the Company as part of their written demand for a Demand Registration, the offering of such Registrable Securities pursuant to such Demand Registration shall be in the form of an underwritten offering. In such event, the right of any holder to include its Registrable Securities in such registration shall be conditioned upon such holders participation in such underwriting and the inclusion of such holders Registrable Securities in the underwriting to the extent provided herein. All Demanding Holders proposing to distribute their securities through such underwriting shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter or Underwriters selected for such underwriting by a majority-in-interest of the holders initiating the Demand Registration.
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2.1.4 Reduction of Offering . If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters for a Demand Registration that is to be an underwritten offering, in good faith, advises the Company and the Demanding Holders in writing that the dollar amount or number of shares of Registrable Securities which the Demanding Holders desire to sell, taken together with all other shares of Common Stock or other securities which the Company desires to sell and the shares of Common Stock, if any, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to written contractual piggy-back registration rights held by other stockholders of the Company who desire to sell, exceeds the maximum dollar amount or maximum number of shares that can be sold in such offering without adversely affecting the proposed offering price, the timing, the distribution method, or the probability of success of such offering (such maximum dollar amount or maximum number of shares, as applicable, the Maximum Number of Shares ), then the Company shall include in such registration: (i) the Registrable Securities as to which Demand Registration has been requested by the Demanding Holders (pro rata in accordance with the number of shares that each such Demanding Holder has requested be included in such registration, regardless of the number of shares held by each such Demanding Holder (such proportion is referred to herein as Pro Rata )) that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (ii) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clause (i), the Registrable Securities of holders exercising their rights to register their Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2.2; (iii) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (i) and (ii), the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (iv) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (i), (ii) and (iii), the shares of Common Stock or other securities registrable pursuant to the terms of the Unit Purchase Option issued to EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. or its designees in connection with the Companys initial public offering (the Unit Purchase Option and such registrable securities, the Option Securities ) as to which piggy-back registration has been requested by the holders thereof, Pro Rata, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares and (v) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares have not been reached under the foregoing clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv), the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares.
2.1.5 Withdrawal . If a majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders disapprove of the terms of any underwriting or are not entitled to include all of their Registrable Securities in any offering, such majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders may elect to withdraw from such offering by giving written notice to the Company and the Underwriter or Underwriters of their request to withdraw prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement filed with the Commission with respect to such Demand Registration. If the majority-in-interest of the Demanding Holders withdraws from a proposed offering relating to a Demand Registration, then such registration shall not count as a Demand Registration provided for in this Section 2.1.
2.2 Piggy-Back Registration .
2.2.1 Piggy-Back Rights . If at any time on or after the date the date hereof proposes to file a Registration Statement under the Securities Act with respect to an offering of equity securities, or securities or other obligations exercisable or exchangeable for, or convertible into, equity securities, by the Company for its own account or for stockholders of the Company for their account (or by the Company and by stockholders of the Company including, without limitation, pursuant to Section 2.1), other than a Registration Statement (i) filed in connection with any employee stock option or other benefit plan, (ii) for an exchange offer or offering of securities solely to the Companys existing stockholders, (iii) for an offering of debt that is convertible into equity securities of the Company or (iv) for a dividend reinvestment plan, then the Company shall (x) give written notice of such proposed filing to the holders of Registrable Securities as soon as practicable but in no event less than ten (10) days before the anticipated filing date, which notice shall describe the amount and type of securities to be included in such offering, the intended method(s) of distribution, and the name of the proposed managing Underwriter or Underwriters, if any, of the offering, and (y) offer to the holders of Registrable Securities in such notice the opportunity to register the sale of such number of shares of Registrable Securities as such holders may request in writing within five (5) days following receipt of such notice (a Piggy-Back Registration ). The Company shall, in good faith, cause such Registrable Securities to be included in such
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registration and shall use its best efforts to cause the managing Underwriter or Underwriters of a proposed underwritten offering to permit the Registrable Securities requested to be included in a Piggy-Back Registration on the same terms and conditions as any similar securities of the Company and to permit the sale or other disposition of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof. All holders of Registrable Securities proposing to distribute their securities through a Piggy-Back Registration that involves an Underwriter or Underwriters shall enter into an underwriting agreement in customary form with the Underwriter or Underwriters selected for such Piggy-Back Registration.
2.2.2 Reduction of Offering . If the managing Underwriter or Underwriters for a Piggy-Back Registration that is to be an underwritten offering advises the Company and the holders of Registrable Securities in writing that the dollar amount or number of shares of Common Stock which the Company desires to sell, taken together with shares of Common Stock, if any, as to which registration has been demanded pursuant to separate written contractual arrangements with persons or entities other than the holders of Registrable Securities hereunder, the Registrable Securities as to which registration has been requested under this Section 2.2, and the shares of Common Stock, if any, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the written contractual piggy-back registration rights of other stockholders of the Company, exceeds the Maximum Number of Shares, then the Company shall include in any such registration:
(a) If the registration is undertaken for the Companys account: (A) the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (B) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the shares of Common Stock or other securities, if any, comprised of Registrable Securities and Option Securities, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the applicable written contractual piggy-back registration rights of such security holders, Pro Rata, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (C) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual piggy-back registration rights with such persons and that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and
(b) If the registration is a demand registration undertaken at the demand of holders of Option Securities, (A) the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of the demanding persons that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (B) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (C) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the shares of Common Stock or other securities comprised of Registrable Securities, Pro Rata, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the terms hereof that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (D) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of other persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares.
(c) If the registration is a demand registration undertaken at the demand of persons or entities other than the holders of Registrable Securities or Option Securities, (A) the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of the demanding persons that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (B) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clause (A), the shares of Common Stock or other securities that the Company desires to sell that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; (C) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A) and (B), the shares of Common Stock or other securities comprised of Registrable Securities and Option Securities, Pro Rata, as to which registration has been requested pursuant to the terms hereof and the Unit Purchase Option, as applicable, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares; and (D) to the extent that the Maximum Number of Shares has not been reached under the foregoing clauses (A), (B) and (C), the shares of Common Stock or other securities for the account of other
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persons that the Company is obligated to register pursuant to written contractual arrangements with such persons, that can be sold without exceeding the Maximum Number of Shares.
2.2.3 Withdrawal . Any holder of Registrable Securities may elect to withdraw such holders request for inclusion of Registrable Securities in any Piggy-Back Registration by giving written notice to the Company of such request to withdraw prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement. The Company (whether on its own determination or as the result of a withdrawal by persons making a demand pursuant to written contractual obligations) may withdraw a registration statement at any time prior to the effectiveness of the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding any such withdrawal, the Company shall pay all expenses incurred by the holders of Registrable Securities in connection with such Piggy-Back Registration as provided in Section 3.3.
2.2.4 Unlimited Piggy-Back Registration Rights . For purposes of clarity, any registration effected pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof shall not be counted as a registration pursuant to a Demand Registration effected under Section 2.1 hereof.
2.3 Registrations on Form S-3 . The holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities may at any time and from time to time, request in writing that the Company register the resale of any or all of such Registrable Securities on Form S-3 or any similar short-form registration which may be available at such time ( Form S-3 ). Upon receipt of such written request, the Company will promptly give written notice of the proposed registration to all other holders of Registrable Securities, and each holder of Registrable Securities who thereafter wishes to include all or a portion of such holders Registrable Securities in such registration shall so notify the Company, in writing, within ten (10) days after the receipt by the holder of the notice from the Company, and, as soon as practicable thereafter but not more than twelve (12) days after the Companys initial receipt of such written request for a registration, effect the registration of all or such portion of such holders or holders Registrable Securities as are specified in such request, together with all or such portion of the Registrable Securities or other securities of the Company, if any, of any other holder or holders joining in such request; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to effect any such registration pursuant to this Section 2.3 if: (i) Form S-3 is not available for such offering; or (ii) the holders of the Registrable Securities, together with the holders of any other securities of the Company entitled to inclusion in such registration, propose to sell Registrable Securities and such other securities (if any) at any aggregate price to the public of less than $500,000. Registrations effected pursuant to this Section 2.3.1 shall not be counted as Demand Registrations effected pursuant to Section 2.1.
3. Registration Procedures.
3.1 Filings; Information . Whenever the Company is required to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities pursuant to Section 2, the Company shall use its best efforts to effect the registration and sale of such Registrable Securities in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof as expeditiously as practicable, and in connection with any such request:
3.1.1 Filing Registration Statement . The Company shall, as expeditiously as possible and in any event within sixty (60) days after receipt of a request for a Demand Registration pursuant to Section 2.1, prepare and file with the Commission a Registration Statement on any form for which the Company then qualifies or which counsel for the Company shall deem appropriate and which form shall be available for the sale of all Registrable Securities to be registered thereunder in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution thereof, and shall use its best efforts to cause such Registration Statement to become and remain effective for the period required by Section 3.1.3; provided, however, that the Company shall have the right to defer any Demand Registration for up to thirty (30) days, and any Piggy-Back Registration for such period as may be applicable to deferment of any demand registration to which such Piggy-Back Registration relates, in each case if the Company shall furnish to the holders a certificate signed by the Chairman of the Board of Directors or Chief Executive Officer of the Company stating that, in the good faith judgment of the Board of Directors of the Company, it would be materially detrimental to the Company and its stockholders for such Registration Statement to be effected at such time; provided further, however, that the Company shall not have the right to
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exercise the right set forth in the immediately preceding proviso more than once in any 365-day period in respect of a Demand Registration hereunder.
3.1.2 Copies . The Company shall, prior to filing a Registration Statement or prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, furnish without charge to the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration, and such holders legal counsel, copies of such Registration Statement as proposed to be filed, each amendment and supplement to such Registration Statement (in each case including all exhibits thereto and documents incorporated by reference therein), the prospectus included in such Registration Statement (including each preliminary prospectus), and such other documents as the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration or legal counsel for any such holders may request in order to facilitate the disposition of the Registrable Securities owned by such holders.
3.1.3 Amendments and Supplements . The Company shall prepare and file with the Commission such amendments, including post-effective amendments, and supplements to such Registration Statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such Registration Statement effective and in compliance with the provisions of the Securities Act until all Registrable Securities and other securities covered by such Registration Statement have been disposed of in accordance with the intended method(s) of distribution set forth in such Registration Statement (which period shall not exceed the sum of one hundred eighty (180) days plus any period during which any such disposition is interfered with by any stop order or injunction of the Commission or any governmental agency or court) or such securities have been withdrawn.
3.1.4 Notification . After the filing of a Registration Statement, the Company shall promptly, and in no event more than two (2) business days after such filing, notify the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement of such filing, and shall further notify such holders promptly and confirm such advice in writing in all events within two (2) business days of the occurrence of any of the following: (i) when such Registration Statement becomes effective; (ii) when any post-effective amendment to such Registration Statement becomes effective; (iii) the issuance or threatened issuance by the Commission of any stop order (and the Company shall take all actions required to prevent the entry of such stop order or to remove it if entered); and (iv) any request by the Commission for any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement or any prospectus relating thereto or for additional information or of the occurrence of an event requiring the preparation of a supplement or amendment to such prospectus so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of the securities covered by such Registration Statement, such prospectus will not contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and promptly make available to the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement any such supplement or amendment; except that before filing with the Commission a Registration Statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto, including documents incorporated by reference, the Company shall furnish to the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement and to the legal counsel for any such holders, copies of all such documents proposed to be filed sufficiently in advance of filing to provide such holders and legal counsel with a reasonable opportunity to review such documents and comment thereon, and the Company shall not file any Registration Statement or prospectus or amendment or supplement thereto, including documents incorporated by reference, to which such holders or their legal counsel shall reasonably object.
3.1.5 Securities Laws Compliance . The Company shall use its best efforts to (i) register or qualify the Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement under such securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions in the United States as the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement (in light of their intended plan of distribution) may request and (ii) take such action necessary to cause such Registrable Securities covered by the Registration Statement to be registered with or approved by such other governmental authorities or securities exchanges as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Company and do any and all other acts and things that may be necessary or advisable to enable the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Securities in such jurisdictions; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to qualify generally to
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do business in any jurisdiction where it would not otherwise be required to qualify but for this paragraph or subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction.
3.1.6 Agreements for Disposition . The Company shall enter into customary agreements (including, if applicable, an underwriting agreement in customary form) and take such other actions as are reasonably required in order to expedite or facilitate the disposition of such Registrable Securities. The representations, warranties and covenants of the Company in any underwriting agreement which are made to or for the benefit of any Underwriters, to the extent applicable, shall also be made to and for the benefit of the holders of Registrable Securities included in such registration statement. No holder of Registrable Securities included in such registration statement shall be required to make any representations or warranties in the underwriting agreement except as reasonably requested by the Underwriters and, if applicable, with respect to such holders organization, good standing, authority, title to Registrable Securities, lack of conflict of such sale with such holders material agreements and organizational documents, and with respect to written information relating to such holder that such holder has furnished in writing expressly for inclusion in such Registration Statement.
3.1.7 Cooperation . The principal executive officer of the Company, the principal financial officer of the Company, the principal accounting officer of the Company and all other officers and members of the management of the Company shall cooperate fully in any offering of Registrable Securities hereunder, which cooperation shall include, without limitation, the preparation of the Registration Statement with respect to such offering and all other offering materials and related documents, and participation in meetings with Underwriters, attorneys, accountants and potential investors.
3.1.8 Records . The Company shall make available for inspection by the holders of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement, any Underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such registration statement and any attorney, accountant or other professional retained by any holder of Registrable Securities included in such Registration Statement or any Underwriter, all financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Company, as shall be necessary to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility, and cause the Companys officers, directors and employees to supply all information requested by any of them in connection with such Registration Statement.
3.1.9 Earnings Statement . The Company shall comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission and the Securities Act, and make available to its stockholders, as soon as reasonably practicable, an earnings statement covering a period of twelve (12) months, beginning within three (3) months after the effective date of the registration statement, which earnings statement shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act and Rule 158 thereunder.
3.1.10 Listing . The Company shall use its best efforts to cause all Registrable Securities included in any registration to be listed on such exchanges or otherwise designated for trading in the same manner as similar securities issued by the Company are then listed or designated or, if no such similar securities are then listed or designated, in a manner satisfactory to the holders of a majority of the Registrable Securities included in such registration.
3.1.11 Transfer Agent . The Company shall provide a transfer agent or warrant agent, as applicable, and registrar for all such Registrable Securities no later than the effective date of the registration statement.
3.1.12 Misstatements . The Company shall notify the holders at any time when a prospectus relating to such registration statement is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or an omission to state a material fact required to be stated in a registration statement or prospectus, or necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading (a Misstatement ), and then to correct such Misstatement.
3.2 Obligation to Suspend Distribution . Upon receipt of any notice from the Company of the happening of any event of the kind described in Section 3.1.4(iv), or, in the case of a resale registration on Form S-3 pursuant
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to Section 2.3 hereof, upon any suspension by the Company, pursuant to a written insider trading compliance program adopted by the Companys Board of Directors, of the ability of all insiders covered by such program to transact in the Companys securities because of the existence of material non-public information, each holder of Registrable Securities included in any registration shall immediately discontinue disposition of such Registrable Securities pursuant to the Registration Statement covering such Registrable Securities until such holder receives the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 3.1.4(iv) or the restriction on the ability of insiders to transact in the Companys securities is removed, as applicable, and, if so directed by the Company, each such holder will deliver to the Company all copies, other than permanent file copies then in such holders possession, of the most recent prospectus covering such Registrable Securities at the time of receipt of such notice.
3.3 Registration Expenses . The Company shall bear all costs and expenses incurred in connection with any Demand Registration pursuant to Section 2.1, any Piggy-Back Registration pursuant to Section 2.2, and any registration on Form S-3 effected pursuant to Section 2.3, and all expenses incurred in performing or complying with its other obligations under this Agreement, whether or not the Registration Statement becomes effective, including, without limitation: (i) all registration and filing fees and fees of any securities exchange on which the Common Stock is then listed; (ii) fees and expenses of compliance with securities or blue sky laws (including fees and disbursements of counsel for the Underwriters in connection with blue sky qualifications of the Registrable Securities); (iii) printing, messenger, telephone and delivery expenses; (iv) the Companys internal expenses (including, without limitation, all salaries and expenses of its officers and employees); (v) the fees and expenses incurred in connection with the listing of the Registrable Securities as required by Section 3.1.11; (vi) Financial Industry Regulatory Authority fees; (vii) fees and disbursements of counsel for the Company and fees and expenses for independent certified public accountants retained by the Company (including the expenses or costs associated with the delivery of any opinions or comfort letters requested pursuant to Section 3.1.9); (viii) the fees and expenses of any special experts retained by the Company in connection with such registration; and (ix) the fees and expenses of one legal counsel selected by the holders of a majority-in-interest of the Registrable Securities included in such registration. The Company shall have no obligation to pay any underwriting discounts or selling commissions attributable to the Registrable Securities being sold by the holders thereof, which underwriting discounts or selling commissions shall be borne by such holders. Additionally, in an underwritten offering, all selling stockholders and the Company shall bear the expenses of the underwriter pro rata in proportion to the respective amount of shares each is selling in such offering.
3.4 Information . The holders of Registrable Securities shall provide such information as may reasonably be requested by the Company, or the managing Underwriter, if any, in connection with the preparation of any Registration Statement, including amendments and supplements thereto, in order to effect the registration of any Registrable Securities under the Securities Act pursuant to Section 2 and in connection with the Companys obligation to comply with federal and applicable state securities laws.
3.5 Requirements for Participation in Underwritten Offerings . No person may participate in any underwritten offering for equity securities of the Company pursuant to a registration initiated by the Company hereunder unless such person (i) agrees to sell such persons securities on the basis provided in any underwriting arrangements approved by the Company and (ii) completes and executes all customary questionnaires, powers of attorney, indemnities, lock-up agreements, underwriting agreements and other customary documents as may be reasonably required under the terms of such underwriting arrangements.
3.6 Suspension of Sales; Adverse Disclosure . Upon receipt of written notice from the Company that a registration statement or prospectus contains a Misstatement, each of the Holders shall forthwith discontinue disposition of Registrable Securities until it has received copies of a supplemented or amended prospectus correcting the Misstatement (it being understood that the Company hereby covenants to prepare and file such supplement or amendment as soon as practicable after the time of such notice), or until it is advised in writing by the Company that the use of the prospectus may be resumed. If the filing, initial effectiveness or continued use of a registration statement in respect of any registration at any time would require the Company to make an Adverse Disclosure (as defined below) or would require the inclusion in such registration statement of financial
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statements that are unavailable to the Company for reasons beyond the Companys control, the Company may, upon giving prompt written notice of such action to the holders, delay the filing or initial effectiveness of, or suspend use of, such registration statement for the shortest period of time, but in no event more than thirty (30) days, determined in good faith by the Company to be necessary for such purpose. In the event the Company exercises its rights under the preceding sentence, the holders agree to suspend, immediately upon their receipt of the notice referred to above, their use of the prospectus relating to any registration in connection with any sale or offer to sell Registrable Securities. The Company shall immediately notify the Holders of the expiration of any period during which it exercised its rights under this Section 3.6. Adverse Disclosure shall mean any public disclosure of material non-public information, which disclosure, in the good faith judgment of the principal executive officer or principal financial officer of the Company, after consultation with counsel to the Company, (i) would be required to be made in any registration statement or prospectus in order for the applicable registration statement or prospectus not to contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements contained therein (in the case of any prospectus and any preliminary prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, (ii) would not be required to be made at such time if the registration statement were not being filed, and (iii) the Company has a bona fide business purpose for not making such information public.
3.7 Reporting Obligations . As long as any holder shall own Registrable Securities, the Company, at all times while it shall be reporting under the Exchange Act, covenants to file timely (or obtain extensions in respect thereof and file within the applicable grace period) all reports required to be filed by the Company after the date hereof pursuant to Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act. The Company further covenants that it shall take such further action as any holder may reasonably request, all to the extent required from time to time to enable such holder to sell shares of the Common Stock held by such holder without registration under the Securities Act within the limitation of the exemptions provided by Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act, including providing any legal opinions. Upon the request of any holder, the Company shall deliver to such holder a written certification of a duly authorized officer as to whether it has complied with such requirements.
4. I NDEMNIFICATION AND C ONTRIBUTION .
4.1 Indemnification by the Company . The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Investor and each other holder of Registrable Securities, and each of their respective officers, employees, affiliates, directors, partners, members, attorneys and agents, and each person, if any, who controls an Investor and each other holder of Registrable Securities (within the meaning of Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act) (each, an Investor Indemnified Party ), from and against any expenses, losses, judgments, claims, damages or liabilities, whether joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement (or allegedly untrue statement) of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which the sale of such Registrable Securities was registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary prospectus, final prospectus or summary prospectus contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement to such Registration Statement, or arising out of or based upon any omission (or alleged omission) to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or any violation by the Company of the Securities Act or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder applicable to the Company and relating to action or inaction required of the Company in connection with any such registration; and the Company shall promptly reimburse the Investor Indemnified Party for any legal and any other expenses reasonably incurred by such Investor Indemnified Party in connection with investigating and defending any such expense, loss, judgment, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such expense, loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any untrue statement or allegedly untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in such Registration Statement, preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, or summary prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company, in writing, by such selling holder expressly for use therein. The Company also shall indemnify any Underwriter of the Registrable Securities, their officers, affiliates, directors, partners, members and agents and each person who controls such Underwriter on substantially the same basis as that of the indemnification provided above in this Section 4.1.
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4.2 Indemnification by Holders of Registrable Securities . Each selling holder of Registrable Securities will, in the event that any registration is being effected under the Securities Act pursuant to this Agreement of any Registrable Securities held by such selling holder, indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors and officers and each underwriter (if any), and each other selling holder and each other person, if any, who controls another selling holder or such underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act, against any losses, claims, judgments, damages or liabilities, whether joint or several, insofar as such losses, claims, judgments, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any untrue statement or allegedly untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Registration Statement under which the sale of such Registrable Securities was registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary prospectus, final prospectus or summary prospectus contained in the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement, or arise out of or are based upon any omission or the alleged omission to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statement therein not misleading, if the statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by such selling holder expressly for use therein, and shall reimburse the Company, its directors and officers, and each other selling holder or controlling person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by any of them in connection with investigation or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action. Each selling holders indemnification obligations hereunder shall be several and not joint and shall be limited to the amount of any net proceeds actually received by such selling holder. Each selling holder of Registrable Securities shall indemnify any Underwriter of the Registrable Securities, their officers, affiliates, directors, partners, members and agents and each person who controls such Underwriter to the same extent as provided in the foregoing with respect to indemnification of the Company.
4.3 Conduct of Indemnification Proceedings . Promptly after receipt by any person of any notice of any loss, claim, damage or liability or any action in respect of which indemnity may be sought pursuant to Section 4.1 or 4.2, such person (the Indemnified Party ) shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against any other person for indemnification hereunder, notify such other person (the Indemnifying Party ) in writing of the loss, claim, judgment, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that the failure by the Indemnified Party to notify the Indemnifying Party shall not relieve the Indemnifying Party from any liability which the Indemnifying Party may have to such Indemnified Party hereunder, except and solely to the extent the Indemnifying Party is actually prejudiced by such failure. If the Indemnified Party is seeking indemnification with respect to any claim or action brought against the Indemnified Party, then the Indemnifying Party shall be entitled to participate in such claim or action, and, to the extent that it wishes, jointly with all other Indemnifying Parties, to assume control of the defense thereof with counsel satisfactory to the Indemnified Party. After notice from the Indemnifying Party to the Indemnified Party of its election to assume control of the defense of such claim or action, the Indemnifying Party shall not be liable to the Indemnified Party for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Indemnified Party in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation; provided, however, that in any action in which both the Indemnified Party and the Indemnifying Party are named as defendants, the Indemnified Party shall have the right to employ separate counsel (but no more than one such separate counsel) to represent the Indemnified Party and its controlling persons who may be subject to liability arising out of any claim in respect of which indemnity may be sought by the Indemnified Party against the Indemnifying Party, with the fees and expenses of such counsel to be paid by such Indemnifying Party if, based upon the written opinion of counsel of such Indemnified Party, representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or potential differing interests between them. No Indemnifying Party shall, without the prior written consent of the Indemnified Party, consent to entry of judgment or effect any settlement of any claim or pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which the Indemnified Party is or could have been a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such Indemnified Party, unless such judgment or settlement includes an unconditional release of such Indemnified Party from all liability arising out of such claim or proceeding.
4.4 Contribution .
4.4.1 If the indemnification provided for in the foregoing Sections 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 is unavailable to any Indemnified Party in respect of any loss, claim, damage, liability or action referred to herein, then each such
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Indemnifying Party, in lieu of indemnifying such Indemnified Party, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such Indemnified Party as a result of such loss, claim, damage, liability or action in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the Indemnified Parties and the Indemnifying Parties in connection with the actions or omissions which resulted in such loss, claim, damage, liability or action, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative fault of any Indemnified Party and any Indemnifying Party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by such Indemnified Party or such Indemnifying Party and the parties relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.
4.4.2 The parties hereto agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 4.4 were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in the immediately preceding Section 4.4.1. The amount paid or payable by an Indemnified Party as a result of any loss, claim, damage, liability or action referred to in the immediately preceding paragraph shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses incurred by such Indemnified Party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 4.4, no holder of Registrable Securities shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the dollar amount of the net proceeds (after payment of any underwriting fees, discounts, commissions or taxes) actually received by such holder from the sale of Registrable Securities which gave rise to such contribution obligation. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.
4.5 Survival . The indemnification provided for under this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by or on behalf of the Indemnified Party or any officer, director or controlling person of such Indemnified Party and shall survive the transfer of securities.
5. R ESERVED .
6. M ISCELLANEOUS .
6.1 Other Registration Rights . The Company represents and warrants that no person, other than a holder of the Registrable Securities and EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. pursuant to the Unit Purchase Option and the Underwriting Agreement, dated as of April 6, 2017, by and between EarlyBirdCapital, Inc. and the Company, has any right to require the Company to register any shares of the Companys capital stock for sale or to include shares of the Companys capital stock in any registration filed by the Company for the sale of shares of capital stock for its own account or for the account of any other person. Further, the Company represents and warrants that this Agreement supersedes any other registration rights agreement or agreement with similar terms and conditions and in the event of a conflict between any such agreement or agreements and this Agreement, the terms of this Agreement shall prevail.
6.2 Assignment; No Third-Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement and the rights, duties and obligations of the Company hereunder may not be assigned or delegated by the Company in whole or in part. This Agreement and the rights, duties and obligations of the holders of Registrable Securities hereunder may be freely assigned or delegated by a holder of Registrable Securities to a transferee or assignee of Registrable Securities (for so long as such shares remain Registrable Securities) that (a) is a subsidiary, parent, general partner, limited partner, retired partner, member or retired member, or stockholder of a Holder that is a corporation, partnership or limited liability company, (b) is a Holders family member or trust for the benefit of an individual Holder, or (c) acquires at least 400,000 shares of Registrable Securities (as adjusted for stock splits and combinations) (including shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Private Warrants); or (d) is an entity affiliated by common control (or other related entity) with such Holder; provided, however, (i) the transferor shall, within ten (10) days after such transfer, furnish to the Company written notice of the name and address of such transferee or assignee and the securities with respect to which such registration rights are being assigned and (ii) such transferee shall agree to be subject to all restrictions set forth in this Agreement in conjunction with and to the extent of any transfer of
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Registrable Securities by any such holder. This Agreement and the provisions hereof shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of each of the parties and the permitted assigns of the Investor or holder of Registrable Securities or of any assignee of the Investor or holder of Registrable Securities. This Agreement is not intended to confer any rights or benefits on any persons that are not party hereto other than as expressly set forth in Article 4 and this Section 6.2. No assignment by any party hereto of such partys rights, duties and obligations hereunder shall be binding upon or obligate the Company unless and until the Company shall have received (i) written notice of such assignment and (ii) the written agreement of the assignee, in a form reasonably satisfactory to the Company, to be bound by the terms and provisions of this Agreement (which may be accomplished by an addendum or certificate of joinder to this Agreement).
6.3 Notices . All notices, demands, requests, consents, approvals or other communications (collectively, Notices ) required or permitted to be given hereunder or which are given with respect to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be personally served, delivered by reputable air courier service with charges prepaid, or transmitted by hand delivery, telegram, telex or facsimile, addressed as set forth below (with respect to the Company) or on Exhibit A hereto (with respect to the Investors), or to such other address as such party shall have specified most recently by written notice. Notice shall be deemed given on the date of service or transmission if personally served or transmitted by telegram, telex or facsimile; provided, that if such service or transmission is not on a business day or is after normal business hours, then such notice shall be deemed given on the next business day. Notice otherwise sent as provided herein shall be deemed given on the next business day following timely delivery of such notice to a reputable air courier service with an order for next-day delivery.
To the Company:
ConvergeOne, Inc.
3344 Highway 149
Eagan, MN 55121
Attn: Board of Directors
with a copy to:
Cooley LLP 3175 Hanover Street
Palo Alto, CA 94304-1130
Attn: Mehdi Khodadad, Esq.
John T. McKenna, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (650) 849-7400
Telephone No.: (650) 843-5000
Email: mkhodadad@cooley.com
jmckenna@cooley.com
and
Ellenoff Grossman & Schole LLP
1345 Avenue of the Americas, 11th Floor
New York, New York 10105
Attn: Douglas Ellenoff, Esq.
Tamar Donikyan, Esq.
Facsimile No.: (212) 370-7889
Telephone No.: (212) 370-1300
Email: ellenoff@egsllp.com
tdonikyan@egsllp.com
6.4 Severability . This Agreement shall be deemed severable, and the invalidity or unenforceability of any term or provision hereof shall not affect the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or of any other term or provision hereof. Furthermore, in lieu of any such invalid or unenforceable term or provision, the parties hereto intend that there shall be added as a part of this Agreement a provision as similar in terms to such invalid or unenforceable provision as may be possible that is valid and enforceable.
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6.5 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in multiple counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, and all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.
6.6 Entire Agreement . This Agreement (including all agreements entered into pursuant hereto and all certificates and instruments delivered pursuant hereto and thereto) constitute the entire agreement of the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous agreements, representations, understandings, negotiations and discussions between the parties, whether oral or written.
6.7 Modifications and Amendments . Upon the written consent of the Company and the holders of at least a majority of the Registrable Securities at the time in question, compliance with any of the provisions, covenants and conditions set forth in this Agreement may be waived, or any of such provisions, covenants or conditions may be amended or modified; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, any amendment hereto or waiver hereof that adversely affects one holder of Registrable Securities, solely in its capacity as a holder of the shares of Common Stock (including shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Private Warrants) of the Company, in a manner that is materially different from the other holders of Registrable Securities (in such capacity) shall require the consent of the holder so affected. No course of dealing between any holders of Registrable Securities or the Company and any other party hereto or any failure or delay on the part of a holder of Registrable Securities or the Company in exercising any rights or remedies under this Agreement shall operate as a waiver of any rights or remedies of any holder of Registrable Securities or the Company. No single or partial exercise of any rights or remedies under this Agreement by a party shall operate as a waiver or preclude the exercise of any other rights or remedies hereunder or thereunder by such party.
6.8 Titles and Headings . Titles and headings of sections of this Agreement are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction of any provision of this Agreement.
6.9 Waivers and Extensions . Any party to this Agreement may waive any right, breach or default which such party has the right to waive, provided that such waiver will not be effective against the waiving party unless it is in writing, is signed by such party, and specifically refers to this Agreement. Waivers may be made in advance or after the right waived has arisen or the breach or default waived has occurred. Any waiver may be conditional. No waiver of any breach of any agreement or provision herein contained shall be deemed a waiver of any preceding or succeeding breach thereof nor of any other agreement or provision herein contained. No waiver or extension of time for performance of any obligations or acts shall be deemed a waiver or extension of the time for performance of any other obligations or acts.
6.10 Remedies Cumulative . In the event that the Company fails to observe or perform any covenant or agreement to be observed or performed under this Agreement, the Investor or any other holder of Registrable Securities may proceed to protect and enforce its rights by suit in equity or action at law, whether for specific performance of any term contained in this Agreement or for an injunction against the breach of any such term or in aid of the exercise of any power granted in this Agreement or to enforce any other legal or equitable right, or to take any one or more of such actions, without being required to post a bond. None of the rights, powers or remedies conferred under this Agreement shall be mutually exclusive, and each such right, power or remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to any other right, power or remedy, whether conferred by this Agreement or now or hereafter available at law, in equity, by statute or otherwise.
6.11 Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by, interpreted under, and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York applicable to agreements made and to be performed within the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice-of-law provisions thereof that would compel the application of the substantive laws of any other jurisdiction.
6.12 Waiver of Trial by Jury . Each party hereby irrevocably and unconditionally waives the right to a trial by jury in any action, suit, counterclaim or other proceeding (whether based on contract, tort or otherwise) arising out of, connected with or relating to this Agreement, the transactions contemplated hereby, or the actions of the Investors in the negotiation, administration, performance or enforcement hereof.
[REMAINDER OF PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]
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I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be executed and delivered by their duly authorized representatives as of the date first written above.
[Signature Page to Registration Rights Agreement]
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I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the parties have caused this Registration Rights Agreement to be executed and delivered by their duly authorized representatives as of the date first written above.
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EXHIBIT A
INVESTORS
Name |
Forum Investors I, LLC 135 East 57th Street 8th Floor New York, New York 10022 Attn: Chief Executive Officer |
Clearlake Capital Partners III (Master), L.P. c/o Clearlake Capital Group 233 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 800 Santa Monica, CA 90401 |
John A. McKenna, Jr.
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John Lyons
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Jeffrey Nachbor
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Paul Maier
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Gerald G. Pearce, Jr.
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Richard Scott Ford
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Adam Cooperman
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Erik Cline
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AMENDED AND RESTATED
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
OF
FORUM MERGER CORP.
F ORUM M ERGER C ORP . , a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware (the Corporation ), by its Chief Executive Officer, does hereby certify as follows:
F IRST : The date of filing the original Certificate of Incorporation of the Company with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was November 17, 2016.
S ECOND : The Board of Directors of the Company, acting in accordance with the provisions of Sections 141 and 242 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware ( DGCL ), adopted resolutions amending the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the Restated Certificate ), as follows:
1. | The first paragraph of Article Fourth on page 1 of the Restated Certificate is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows: |
FOURTH: The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock which the Corporation is authorized to issue is 206,000,000 shares, consisting of (a) 205,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the Common Stock ), including (i) 200,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock (the Class A Common Stock ) and (ii) 5,000,000 shares of Class F Common Stock (the Class F Common Stock ) and (b) 1,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the Preferred Stock ).
T HIRD : This Certificate of Amendment was duly adopted by the stockholders of the Company in accordance with the provisions of Sections 228 and 242 of the DGCL.
[S IGNATURE P AGE F OLLOWS ]
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I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , a duly authorized officer of the Company has executed this C ERTIFICATE OF A MENDMENT on this day of , 2018.
F ORUM M ERGER C ORP . | ||
By: | ||
David Boris | ||
Co-Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer |
FORUM MERGER CORP.
S IGNATURE P AGE TO C ERTIFICATE OF A MENDMENT TO
A MENDED AND R ESTATED C ERTIFICATE OF I NCORPORATION
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C ERTIFICATE OF I NCORPORATION
OF
F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION
John A. McKenna, Jr. hereby certifies that:
ONE: The name of this company is Forum Merger Corporation and date of filing the original Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation with the Secretary of State of Delaware was November 17, 2016.
TWO: He is the duly elected and acting Chief Executive Officer of Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation.
THREE: The Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation is hereby amended and restated to read as follows:
I.
The name of this corporation is ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc. (the Company ).
II.
The address of the Companys registered office in the State of Delaware is 251 Little Falls Drive, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, 19808. The name of its registered agent at such address is Corporation Service Company.
III.
The purpose of the Company is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which a corporation may be organized under the Delaware General Corporation Law ( DGCL ).
IV.
A. The Company is authorized to issue two classes of stock to be designated, respectively, Common Stock and Preferred Stock . The total number of shares which the Company is authorized to issue is 1,010,000,000 shares. 1,000,000,000 shares shall be Common Stock, each having a par value of one-hundredth of one cent ($0.0001). 10,000,000 shares shall be Preferred Stock, each having a par value of one-hundredth of one cent ($0.0001).
B. Effective immediately upon the filing and effectiveness of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware (the Effective Time ), each one share of the Companys Class A Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the Class A Common Stock ), that was issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Effective Time shall automatically be reclassified, redesignated and changed into (a) one validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable share of Common Stock of the Company, par value $0.0001 per share (the Common Stock ), without any further action by the Company or any stockholder thereof. Each certificate that immediately prior to the Effective Time represented shares of Class A Common Stock (each, a Prior Certificate ) shall, until surrendered to the Company in exchange for a certificate representing the same number of shares of Common Stock, automatically represent that number of
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shares of Common Stock into which the shares of Class A Common Stock represented by the Prior Certificate shall have been reclassified and redesignated.
C. The Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series. The Board of Directors of the Company (the Board of Directors ) is hereby expressly authorized to provide for the issue of all or any number of the shares of the Preferred Stock in one or more series, and to fix the number of shares and to determine or alter for each such series, such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designation, preferences, and relative, participating, optional, or other rights and such qualifications, limitations, or restrictions thereof, as shall be stated and expressed in the resolution or resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors providing for the issuance of such shares and as may be permitted by the DGCL. The Board of Directors is also expressly authorized to increase or decrease the number of shares of any series subsequent to the issuance of shares of that series, but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding. In case the number of shares of any series shall be decreased in accordance with the foregoing sentence, the shares constituting such decrease shall resume the status that they had prior to the adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such series. The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the stock of the Company entitled to vote thereon, without a separate vote of the holders of the Preferred Stock, or of any series thereof, unless a vote of any such holders is required pursuant to the terms of any certificate of designation filed with respect to any series of Preferred Stock.
D. Each outstanding share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote on each matter properly submitted to the stockholders of the Company for their vote; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law, holders of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designation filed with respect to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together as a class with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon by law or pursuant to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designation filed with respect to any series of Preferred Stock).
V.
For the management of the business and for the conduct of the affairs of the Company, and in further definition, limitation and regulation of the powers of the Company, of its directors and of its stockholders or any class thereof, as the case may be, it is further provided that:
A.
1. The management of the business and the conduct of the affairs of the Company shall be vested in the Board of Directors. The number of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be fixed exclusively by resolutions adopted by a majority of the authorized number of directors constituting the Board of Directors.
2. B OARD OF D IRECTORS
Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the directors shall be divided into three classes designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively. The Board of Directors is authorized to assign members of the Board of Directors already in office to such classes at the time the classification becomes effective. At the first annual meeting of stockholders following the initial classification of the Board of Directors, the term of office of the Class I directors shall expire and Class I directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At the second annual meeting of stockholders following such initial classification, the term of office of the Class II directors shall
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expire and Class II directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At the third annual meeting of stockholders following such initial classification, the term of office of the Class III directors shall expire and Class III directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At each succeeding annual meeting of stockholders, directors shall be elected for a full term of three years to succeed the directors of the class whose terms expire at such annual meeting.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this section, each director shall serve until his successor is duly elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
3. R EMOVAL OF D IRECTORS . Subject to any limitations imposed by applicable law, any individual director or directors may be removed (a) with or without cause, for so long as one or more funds managed by, and/or Affiliates (as defined in Article VIII below) of, Clearlake Capital Group, L.P. (collectively, Clearlake ) holds or beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of all then-outstanding shares if capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally at an election of directors (such period, the Control Period ), by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, or (b) with cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally at an election of directors.
4. V ACANCIES . Subject to any limitations imposed by applicable law and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other causes and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors, shall, unless the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by the stockholders and except as otherwise provided by applicable law, be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, and not by the stockholders. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the director for which the vacancy was created or occurred and until such directors successor shall have been elected and qualified.
B.
1. B YLAW A MENDMENTS . The Board of Directors is expressly empowered to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Company. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws of the Company by the Board of Directors shall require the approval of a majority of the authorized number of directors. The stockholders shall also have power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the Company; provided, however, that, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the Company required by law or by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, such action by stockholders shall require (a) the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class during the Control Period or (b) the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.
2. The directors of the Company need not be elected by written ballot unless the Bylaws so provide.
3. No action shall be taken by the stockholders of the Company except at an annual or special meeting of stockholders called in accordance with the Bylaws and, at any time other than during the Control Period, no action shall be taken by the stockholders by written consent or electronic transmission.
4. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the stockholders of the Company shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws of the Company.
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VI.
A. The liability of the directors for monetary damages shall be eliminated to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law.
B. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Company is authorized to provide indemnification of (and advancement of expenses to) directors, officers and agents of the Company (and any other persons to which applicable law permits the Company to provide indemnification) through Bylaw provisions, agreements with such agents or other persons, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise in excess of the indemnification and advancement otherwise permitted by such applicable law. If applicable law is amended after approval by the stockholders of this Article VI to authorize corporate action further eliminating or limiting the personal liability of directors, then the liability of a director to the Company shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law as so amended.
C. Any repeal or modification of this Article VI shall only be prospective and shall not affect the rights or protections or increase the liability of any director under this Article VI in effect at the time of the alleged occurrence of any act or omission to act giving rise to liability or indemnification.
VII.
A. Unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for (1) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company; (2) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director, officer or other employee of the Company to the Company or the Companys stockholders; (3) any action asserting a claim against the Company or any director or officer or other employee of the Company arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL, the Companys Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws of the Company; or (4) any action asserting a claim against the Company or any director or officer or other employee of the Company governed by the internal affairs doctrine.
B. Unless the Company consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
C. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of capital stock of the Company shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this Article VII.
VIII.
A. The Company hereby expressly elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL.
B. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall not engage in any Business Combination (as defined below), at any point in time at which the Common Stock is registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act ), with any Interested Stockholder (as defined below) for a period of three years following the time that such stockholder became an Interested Stockholder, unless:
1. prior to such time, the Board of Directors approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder, or
2. upon consummation of the transaction that resulted in the stockholder becoming an Interested Stockholder, the Interested Stockholder owned at least 85% of the Voting Stock (as defined below) of the
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Company outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the Voting Stock outstanding (but not the outstanding voting stock owned by the Interested Stockholder) those shares owned (a) by persons who are directors and also officers and (b) employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer, or
3. at or subsequent to such time, the Business Combination is approved by the Board of Directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company that is not owned by the interested stockholder.
C. For purposes of this Article VIII, references to:
1. Affiliate means a person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, or is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, another person.
2. Associate , when used to indicate a relationship with any person, means: (a) any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity of which such person is a director, officer or partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of 20% or more of any class of Voting Stock; (b) any trust or other estate in which such person has at least a 20% beneficial interest or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (c) any relative or spouse of such person, or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.
3. Business Combination , when used in reference to the Company and any Interested Stockholder of the Company, means: (a) any merger or consolidation of the Corporation or any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary of the Company (i) with the Interested Stockholder, or (ii) with any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity if the merger or consolidation is caused by the Interested Stockholder and, as a result of such merger or consolidation, Section (B) of this Article VIII is not applicable to the surviving entity; (b) any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in one transaction or a series of transactions), except proportionately as a stockholder of the Company, to or with the Interested Stockholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Company or of any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary of the Company which assets have an aggregate market value equal to 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the Company determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding stock of the Company; (c) any transaction which results in the issuance or transfer by the Company or by any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary of the Company of any stock of the Company or of such subsidiary to the Interested Stockholder, except: (i) pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Company or any such subsidiary which securities were outstanding prior to the time that the interested stockholder became such; (ii) pursuant to a merger under Section 251(g) of the DGCL; (iii) pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into stock of the Company or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all holders of a class or series of stock of the Company subsequent to the time the Interested Stockholder became such; (iv) pursuant to an exchange offer by the Company to purchase stock made on the same terms to all holders of said stock; or (v) any issuance or transfer of stock by the Company; provided , however , that in no case under items (iii)-(v) of this subsection (c) shall there be an increase in the Interested Stockholders proportionate share of the stock of any class or series of the Company or of the Voting Stock of the Company (except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments); (d) any transaction involving the Company or any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary of the Company which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the stock of any class or series, or securities convertible into the stock of any class or series, of the Company or of any such subsidiary which is owned by the Interested Stockholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any shares of stock not caused, directly or indirectly, by the Interested Stockholder; or (e) any receipt by the Interested Stockholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a stockholder of the
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Company), of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges, or other financial benefits (other than those expressly permitted in subsections (a)-(d) above) provided by or through the Company or any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary.
4. Clearlake Direct Transferee means any person that acquires (other than in a registered public offering) directly from Clearlake or any of its Affiliates or successors or any group, or any member of any such group, of which such persons are a party under Rule 13d-5 of the Exchange Act beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the then outstanding Voting Stock of the Company.
5. Clearlake Indirect Transferee means any person that acquires (other than in a registered public offering) directly from any Clearlake Direct Transferee or any other Clearlake Indirect Transferee beneficial ownership of 15% or more of the then outstanding Voting Stock of the Company.
6. Control , including the terms Controlling , Controlled by , and under common Control with , means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a person, whether through the ownership of Voting Stock, by contract, or otherwise. A person who is the owner of 20% or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a presumption of control shall not apply where such person holds voting stock, in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this Section, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for one or more owners who do not individually or as a group have control of such entity.
7. Interested Stockholder means any person (other than the Company or any direct or indirect majority owned subsidiary of the Company) that (a) is the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company, or (b) is an Affiliate or Associate of the Company and was the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding Voting Stock of the Company at any time within the three year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such person is an Interested Stockholder; and the Affiliates and Associates of such person; but Interested Stockholder shall not include (i) Clearlake, any Clearlake Direct Transferee, any Clearlake Indirect Transferee or any of their respective Affiliates or successors or any group, or any member of any such group, to which such persons are a party under Rule 13d-5 of the Exchange Act, or (ii) any person whose ownership of shares in excess of the 15% limitation set forth herein is the result of any action taken solely by the Corporation, provided that such person shall be an Interested Stockholder if thereafter such person acquires additional shares of Voting Stock of the Company, except as a result of further corporate action not caused, directly or indirectly, by such person. For the purpose of determining whether a person is an Interested Stockholder, the voting stock of the Company deemed to be outstanding shall include stock deemed to be owned by the person through application of the definition of Owner but shall not include any other unissued stock of the Company which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise.
8. owner , including the terms own and owned , when used with respect to any stock, means a person that individually or with or through any of its Affiliates or Associates (a) beneficially owns such stock, directly or indirectly; (b) has (i) the right to acquire such stock (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; provided , however , that a person shall not be deemed the owner of stock tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such person or any of such persons Affiliates or Associates until such tendered stock is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (ii) the right to vote such stock pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided , however , that a person shall not be deemed the owner of any stock because of such persons right to vote such stock if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such stock arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to 10 or more persons; or (c) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except voting pursuant to a
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revocable proxy or consent as described in item (ii) of subsection (b) above), or disposing of such stock with any other person that beneficially owns, or whose Affiliates or Associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such stock.
9. person means any individual, corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity.
10. stock means, with respect to any corporation, capital stock and, with respect to any other entity, any equity interest.
11. Voting Stock means stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors.
IX.
A. The Company reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, except as provided in paragraph B. of this Article IX, and all rights conferred upon the stockholders herein are granted subject to this reservation.
B. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or any provision of law which might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any affirmative vote of the holders of any particular class or series of the Company required by law or by this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or any certificate of designation filed with respect to a series of Preferred Stock, the affirmative vote of (a) the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class during the Control Period or (b) the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, at any time other than during the Control Period, shall be required to alter, amend or repeal Articles V, VI, VII, VIII or IX.
* * * *
FOUR: This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been duly approved by the Board of Directors of the Company.
FIVE: This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation was approved by the holders of the requisite number of shares of the Company in accordance with Section 228 of the DGCL. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation has been duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the DGCL by the stockholders of the Company.
[Signature Page Follows]
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I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the undersigned has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed on this day of , 2018.
F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION |
J OHN A. M C K ENNA , J R . |
President |
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2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN
A DOPTED BY THE B OARD OF D IRECTORS :
A PPROVED BY THE S TOCKHOLDERS :
E FFECTIVE D ATE :
1. G ENERAL .
(a) Eligible Award Recipients. Employees, Directors and Consultants are eligible to receive Awards.
(b) Available Awards. The Plan provides for the grant of the following types of Awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) Stock Appreciation Rights (iv) Restricted Stock Awards, (v) Restricted Stock Unit Awards, (vi) Performance Stock Awards, (vii) Performance Cash Awards, and (viii) Other Stock Awards.
(c) Purpose. The Plan, through the granting of Awards, is intended to help the Company secure and retain the services of eligible award recipients, provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and any Affiliate and provide a means by which the eligible recipients may benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock.
2. A DMINISTRATION .
(a) Administration by Board. The Board will administer the Plan. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees, as provided in Section 2(c).
(b) Powers of Board. The Board will have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:
(i) To determine (A) who will be granted Awards; (B) when and how each Award will be granted; (C) what type of Award will be granted; (D) the provisions of each Award (which need not be identical), including when a person will be permitted to exercise or otherwise receive cash or Common Stock under the Award; (E) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to, or the cash value of, an Award; and (F) the Fair Market Value applicable to a Stock Award.
(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Awards granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for administration of the Plan and Awards. The Board, in the exercise of these powers, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Award Agreement or in the written terms of a Performance Cash Award, in a manner and to the extent it will deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan or Award fully effective.
(iii) To settle all controversies regarding the Plan and Awards granted under it.
(iv) To accelerate, in whole or in part, the time at which an Award may be exercised or vest (or at which cash or shares of Common Stock may be issued).
(v) To suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Except as otherwise provided in the Plan or an Award Agreement, suspension or termination of the Plan will not materially impair a Participants rights under his or her then-outstanding Award without his or her written consent except as provided in subsection (viii) below.
(vi) To amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable, including, without limitation, by adopting amendments relating to Incentive Stock Options and certain nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code and/or to make the Plan or Awards granted under the Plan
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compliant with the requirements for Incentive Stock Options or exempt from or compliant with the requirements for nonqualified deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code, subject to the limitations, if any, of applicable law. However, if required by applicable law or listing requirements, and except as provided in Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the Company will seek stockholder approval of any amendment of the Plan that (A) materially increases the number of shares of Common Stock available for issuance under the Plan, (B) materially expands the class of individuals eligible to receive Awards under the Plan, (C) materially increases the benefits accruing to Participants under the Plan, (D) materially reduces the price at which shares of Common Stock may be issued or purchased under the Plan, (E) materially extends the term of the Plan, or (F) materially expands the types of Awards available for issuance under the Plan. Except as provided in the Plan (including subsection (viii) below) or an Award Agreement, no amendment of the Plan will materially impair a Participants rights under an outstanding Award unless (1) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (2) such Participant consents in writing.
(vii) To submit any amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval, including, but not limited to, amendments to the Plan intended to satisfy the requirements of (A) Section 422 of the Code regarding incentive stock options or (B) Rule 16b-3.
(viii) To approve forms of Award Agreements for use under the Plan and to amend the terms of any one or more Awards, including, but not limited to, amendments to provide terms more favorable to the Participant than previously provided in the Award Agreement, subject to any specified limits in the Plan that are not subject to Board discretion; provided however, that a Participants rights under any Award will not be impaired by any such amendment unless (A) the Company requests the consent of the affected Participant, and (B) such Participant consents in writing. Notwithstanding the foregoing, (1) a Participants rights will not be deemed to have been impaired by any such amendment if the Board, in its sole discretion, determines that the amendment, taken as a whole, does not materially impair the Participants rights, and (2) subject to the limitations of applicable law, if any, the Board may amend the terms of any one or more Awards without the affected Participants consent (A) to maintain the qualified status of the Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code; (B) to change the terms of an Incentive Stock Option, if such change results in impairment of the Award solely because it impairs the qualified status of the Award as an Incentive Stock Option under Section 422 of the Code; (C) to clarify the manner of exemption from, or to bring the Award into compliance with, Section 409A of the Code; or (D) to comply with other applicable laws or listing requirements.
(ix) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company and that are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan or Awards.
(x) To adopt such procedures and sub-plans as are necessary or appropriate to permit participation in the Plan by Employees, Directors or Consultants who are foreign nationals or employed outside the United States (provided that Board approval will not be necessary for immaterial modifications to the Plan or any Award Agreement that are required for compliance with the laws of the relevant foreign jurisdiction).
(xi) To effect, with the consent of any adversely affected Participant, (A) the reduction of the exercise, purchase or strike price of any outstanding Stock Award; (B) the cancellation of any outstanding Stock Award and the grant in substitution therefor of a new (1) Option or SAR, (2) Restricted Stock Award, (3) Restricted Stock Unit Award, (4) Other Stock Award, (5) cash and/or (6) other valuable consideration determined by the Board, in its sole discretion, with any such substituted award (x) covering the same or a different number of shares of Common Stock as the cancelled Stock Award and (y) granted under the Plan or another equity or compensatory plan of the Company; or (C) any other action that is treated as a repricing under generally accepted accounting principles.
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(c) Delegation to Committee.
(i) General. The Board may delegate some or all of the administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees. If administration of the Plan is delegated to a Committee, the Committee will have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board that have been delegated to the Committee, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee of the Committee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board will thereafter be construed as being to the Committee or subcommittee, as applicable). Any delegation of administrative powers will be reflected in resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, adopted from time to time by the Board or Committee (as applicable). The Committee may, at any time, abolish the subcommittee and/or revest in the Committee any powers delegated to the subcommittee. The Board may retain the authority to concurrently administer the Plan with the Committee and may, at any time, revest in the Board some or all of the powers previously delegated.
(ii) Rule 16b-3 Compliance. The Committee may consist solely of two or more Non-Employee Directors, in accordance with Rule 16b-3.
(d) Delegation to an Officer . The Board may delegate to one or more Officers the authority to do one or both of the following (i) designate Employees who are not Officers to be recipients of Options and SARs (and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, other Stock Awards) and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, the terms of such Awards, and (ii) determine the number of shares of Common Stock to be subject to such Stock Awards granted to such Employees; provided, however , that the Board resolutions regarding such delegation will specify the total number of shares of Common Stock that may be subject to the Stock Awards granted by such Officer and that such Officer may not grant a Stock Award to himself or herself. Any such Stock Awards will be granted on the form of Award Agreement most recently approved for use by the Committee or the Board, unless otherwise provided in the resolutions approving the delegation authority. The Board may not delegate authority to an Officer who is acting solely in the capacity of an Officer (and not also as a Director) to determine the Fair Market Value pursuant to Section 13(y)(iii) below.
(e) Effect of Boards Decision. All determinations, interpretations and constructions made by the Board in good faith will not be subject to review by any person and will be final, binding and conclusive on all persons.
3. S HARES S UBJECT TO THE P LAN .
(a) Share Reserve. Subject to Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, and the following sentence regarding the annual increase, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards will not exceed 10,000,000 shares (the Share Reserve ). In addition, the Share Reserve will automatically increase on January 1 st of each year, for a period of not more than ten years, commencing on January 1 st of the year following the year in which the Effective Date occurs and ending on (and including) January 1, 2027, in an amount equal to 4.0% of the total number of shares of Capital Stock outstanding on December 31st of the preceding calendar year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may act prior to January 1 st of a given year to provide that there will be no January 1 st increase in the Share Reserve for such year or that the increase in the Share Reserve for such year will be a lesser number of shares of Common Stock than would otherwise occur pursuant to the preceding sentence.
For clarity, the Share Reserve in this Section 3(a) is a limitation on the number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the Plan. Accordingly, this Section 3(a) does not limit the granting of Stock Awards except as provided in Section 7(a). Shares may be issued in connection with a merger or acquisition as permitted by NASDAQ Listing Rule 5635(c) or, if applicable, NYSE Listed Company Manual Section 303A.08, AMEX Company Guide Section 711 or other applicable rule, and such issuance will not reduce the number of shares available for issuance under the Plan.
(b) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If a Stock Award or any portion thereof (i) expires or otherwise terminates without all of the shares covered by such Stock Award having been issued or (ii) is settled in cash ( i.e. , the Participant receives cash rather than stock), such expiration, termination or settlement will not
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reduce (or otherwise offset) the number of shares of Common Stock that may be available for issuance under the Plan. If any shares of Common Stock issued pursuant to a Stock Award are forfeited back to or repurchased by the Company because of the failure to meet a contingency or condition required to vest such shares in the Participant, then the shares that are forfeited or repurchased will revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan. Any shares reacquired by the Company in satisfaction of tax withholding obligations on a Stock Award or as consideration for the exercise or purchase price of a Stock Award will again become available for issuance under the Plan.
(c) Incentive Stock Option Limit. Subject to the Share Reserve and Section 9(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options will be 30,000,000 shares of Common Stock.
(d) Limitation on Grants to Non-Employee Directors. The maximum number of shares subject to Stock Awards granted under this Plan or under any other equity plan maintained by the Company during a single calendar year to any Non-Employee Director, taken together with any cash fees paid by the Company to such Non-Employee Director during such calendar year for service on the Board, will not exceed six hundred thousand dollars ($600,000) in total value (calculating the value of any such Stock Awards based on the grant date fair value of such Stock Awards for financial reporting purposes), or, with respect to the calendar year in which a Non-Employee Director is first appointed or elected to the Board, nine hundred thousand dollars ($900,000).
(e) Source of Shares. The stock issuable under the Plan will be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Company on the open market or otherwise.
4. E LIGIBILITY .
(a) Eligibility for Specific Stock Awards . Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to employees of the Company or a parent corporation or subsidiary corporation thereof (as such terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and 424(f) of the Code). Stock Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants; provided, however, that Stock Awards may not be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants who are providing Continuous Service only to any parent of the Company, as such term is defined in Rule 405, unless (i) the stock underlying such Stock Awards is treated as service recipient stock under Section 409A of the Code (for example, because the Stock Awards are granted pursuant to a Transaction such as a spin off transaction), (ii) the Company, in consultation with its legal counsel, has determined that such Stock Awards are otherwise exempt from Section 409A of the Code, or (iii) the Company, in consultation with its legal counsel, has determined that such Stock Awards comply with the distribution requirements of Section 409A of the Code.
(b) Ten Percent Stockholders. A Ten Percent Stockholder will not be granted an Incentive Stock Option unless the exercise price of such Option is at least 110% of the Fair Market Value on the date of grant and the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five years from the date of grant.
5. P ROVISIONS R ELATING TO O PTIONS AND S TOCK A PPRECIATION R IGHTS .
Each Option or SAR will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. All Options will be separately designated Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options at the time of grant, and, if certificates are issued, a separate certificate or certificates will be issued for shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of each type of Option. If an Option is not specifically designated as an Incentive Stock Option, or if an Option is designated as an Incentive Stock Option but some portion or all of the Option fails to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option under the applicable rules, then the Option (or portion thereof) will be a Nonstatutory Stock Option. The provisions of separate Options or SARs need not be identical; provided, however , that each Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the applicable Award Agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(a) Term. Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, no Option or SAR will be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date of its grant or such shorter period specified in the Award Agreement.
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(b) Exercise Price. Subject to the provisions of Section 4(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the exercise or strike price of each Option or SAR will be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option or SAR on the date the Award is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Option or SAR may be granted with an exercise or strike price lower than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Award if such Award is granted pursuant to an assumption of or substitution for another option or stock appreciation right pursuant to a Transaction and in a manner consistent with the provisions of Section 409A of the Code and, if applicable, Section 424(a) of the Code. Each SAR will be denominated in shares of Common Stock equivalents.
(c) Purchase Price for Options. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the exercise of an Option may be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable law and as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, by any combination of the methods of payment set forth below. The Board will have the authority to grant Options that do not permit all of the following methods of payment (or otherwise restrict the ability to use certain methods) and to grant Options that require the consent of the Company to use a particular method of payment. The permitted methods of payment are as follows:
(i) by cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company;
(ii) pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board that, prior to the issuance of the stock subject to the Option, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the aggregate exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds;
(iii) by delivery to the Company (either by actual delivery or attestation) of shares of Common Stock;
(iv) if an Option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, by a net exercise arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price; provided, however , that the Company will accept a cash or other payment from the Participant to the extent of any remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price not satisfied by such reduction in the number of whole shares to be issued. Shares of Common Stock will no longer be subject to an Option and will not be exercisable thereafter to the extent that (A) shares issuable upon exercise are used to pay the exercise price pursuant to the net exercise, (B) shares are delivered to the Participant as a result of such exercise, and (C) shares are withheld to satisfy tax withholding obligations; or
(v) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board and specified in the applicable Award Agreement.
(d) Exercise and Payment of a SAR. To exercise any outstanding SAR, the Participant must provide written notice of exercise to the Company in compliance with the provisions of the Stock Appreciation Right Agreement evidencing such SAR. The appreciation distribution payable on the exercise of a SAR will be not greater than an amount equal to the excess of (A) the aggregate Fair Market Value (on the date of the exercise of the SAR) of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of Common Stock equivalents in which the Participant is vested under such SAR, and with respect to which the Participant is exercising the SAR on such date, over (B) the aggregate strike price of the number of Common Stock equivalents with respect to which the Participant is exercising the SAR on such date. The appreciation distribution may be paid in Common Stock, in cash, in any combination of the two or in any other form of consideration, as determined by the Board and contained in the Award Agreement evidencing such SAR.
(e) Transferability of Options and SARs. The Board may, in its sole discretion, impose such limitations on the transferability of Options and SARs as the Board will determine. In the absence of such a determination by the Board to the contrary, the following restrictions on the transferability of Options and SARs will apply:
(i) Restrictions on Transfer . An Option or SAR will not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution (and pursuant to subsections (ii) and (iii) below), and will be exercisable during the
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lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant. The Board may permit transfer of the Option or SAR in a manner that is not prohibited by applicable tax and securities laws. Except as explicitly provided herein, neither an Option nor a SAR may be transferred for consideration.
(ii) Domestic Relations Orders . Subject to the approval of the Board or a duly authorized Officer, an Option or SAR may be transferred pursuant to the terms of a domestic relations order, official marital settlement agreement or other divorce or separation instrument as permitted by Treasury Regulation Section 1.421-1(b)(2). If an Option is an Incentive Stock Option, such Option may be deemed to be a Nonstatutory Stock Option as a result of such transfer.
(iii) Beneficiary Designation . Subject to the approval of the Board or a duly authorized Officer, a Participant may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form approved by the Company (or the designated broker), designate a third party who, upon the death of the Participant, will thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option or SAR and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. In the absence of such a designation, upon the death of the Participant, the executor or administrator of the Participants estate will be entitled to exercise the Option or SAR and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. However, the Company may prohibit designation of a beneficiary at any time, including due to any conclusion by the Company that such designation would be inconsistent with the provisions of applicable laws.
(f) Vesting Generally. The total number of shares of Common Stock subject to an Option or SAR may vest and therefore become exercisable in periodic installments that may or may not be equal. The Option or SAR may be subject to such other terms and conditions on the time or times when it may or may not be exercised (which may be based on the satisfaction of Performance Goals or other criteria) as the Board may deem appropriate. The vesting provisions of individual Options or SARs may vary. The provisions of this Section 5(f) are subject to any Option or SAR provisions governing the minimum number of shares of Common Stock as to which an Option or SAR may be exercised.
(g) Termination of Continuous Service. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if a Participants Continuous Service terminates (other than for Cause and other than upon the Participants death or Disability), the Participant may exercise his or her Option or SAR (to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise such Award as of the date of termination of Continuous Service) within the period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Participants Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the applicable Award Agreement) and (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the Award Agreement. If, after termination of Continuous Service, the Participant does not exercise his or her Option or SAR (as applicable) within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR will terminate.
(h) Extension of Termination Date. If the exercise of an Option or SAR following the termination of the Participants Continuous Service (other than for Cause and other than upon the Participants death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares of Common Stock would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option or SAR will terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of a total period of time (that need not be consecutive) equal to the applicable post termination exercise period after the termination of the Participants Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option or SAR would not be in violation of such registration requirements, and (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement. In addition, unless otherwise provided in a Participants Award Agreement, if the sale of any Common Stock received on exercise of an Option or SAR following the termination of the Participants Continuous Service (other than for Cause) would violate the Companys insider trading policy, then the Option or SAR will terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of a period of months (that need not be consecutive) equal to the applicable post-termination exercise period after the termination of the Participants Continuous Service during which the sale of the Common Stock received upon exercise of the Option or SAR would not be in violation of the Companys insider trading policy, or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
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(i) Disability of Participant. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if a Participants Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Participants Disability, the Participant may exercise his or her Option or SAR (to the extent that the Participant was entitled to exercise such Option or SAR as of the date of termination of Continuous Service), but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination of Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Award Agreement) and (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option or SAR as set forth in the Award Agreement. If, after termination of Continuous Service, the Participant does not exercise his or her Option or SAR within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR (as applicable) will terminate.
(j) Death of Participant. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement or other agreement between the Participant and the Company, if (i) a Participants Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Participants death, or (ii) the Participant dies within the period (if any) specified in the Award Agreement for exercisability after the termination of the Participants Continuous Service for a reason other than death, then the Option or SAR may be exercised (to the extent the Participant was entitled to exercise such Option or SAR as of the date of death) by the Participants estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option or SAR by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the Option or SAR upon the Participants death, but only within the period ending on the earlier of (i) the date eighteen (18) months following the date of death (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Award Agreement) and (ii) the expiration of the term of such Option or SAR as set forth in the Award Agreement. If, after the Participants death, the Option or SAR is not exercised within the applicable time frame, the Option or SAR (as applicable) will terminate.
(k) Termination for Cause. Except as explicitly provided otherwise in a Participants Award Agreement or other individual written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant, if a Participants Continuous Service is terminated for Cause, the Option or SAR will terminate immediately upon such Participants termination of Continuous Service, and the Participant will be prohibited from exercising his or her Option or SAR from and after the time of such termination of Continuous Service.
(l) Non-Exempt Employees . If an Option or SAR is granted to an Employee who is a non-exempt employee for purposes of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, the Option or SAR will not be first exercisable for any shares of Common Stock until at least six (6) months following the date of grant of the Option or SAR (although the Award may vest prior to such date). Consistent with the provisions of the Worker Economic Opportunity Act, (i) if such non-exempt Employee dies or suffers a Disability, (ii) upon a Corporate Transaction in which such Option or SAR is not assumed, continued, or substituted, (iii) upon a Change in Control, or (iv) upon the Participants retirement (as such term may be defined in the Participants Award Agreement, in another agreement between the Participant and the Company, or, if no such definition, in accordance with the Companys then current employment policies and guidelines), the vested portion of any Options and SARs may be exercised earlier than six (6) months following the date of grant. The foregoing provision is intended to operate so that any income derived by a non-exempt employee in connection with the exercise or vesting of an Option or SAR will be exempt from his or her regular rate of pay. To the extent permitted and/or required for compliance with the Worker Economic Opportunity Act to ensure that any income derived by a non-exempt employee in connection with the exercise, vesting or issuance of any shares under any other Stock Award will be exempt from the employees regular rate of pay, the provisions of this Section 5(l) will apply to all Stock Awards and are hereby incorporated by reference into such Stock Award Agreements.
(m) Early Exercise of Options. An Option may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholders Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option prior to the full vesting of the Option. Any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased may be subject to a repurchase right in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Board determines to be appropriate. The Company will not be required to exercise its repurchase right until at least six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time required to avoid classification of the Option as a liability for financial accounting purposes) have elapsed following exercise of the Option unless the Board otherwise specifically provides in the Option Agreement.
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6. P ROVISIONS OF S TOCK A WARDS O THER THAN O PTIONS AND SAR S .
(a) Restricted Stock Awards. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. To the extent consistent with the Companys bylaws, at the Boards election, shares of Common Stock may be (i) held in book entry form subject to the Companys instructions until any restrictions relating to the Restricted Stock Award lapse; or (ii) evidenced by a certificate, which certificate will be held in such form and manner as determined by the Board. The terms and conditions of Restricted Stock Award Agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate Restricted Stock Award Agreements need not be identical. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(i) Consideration. A Restricted Stock Award may be awarded in consideration for (A) cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company, (B) past services to the Company or an Affiliate, or (C) any other form of legal consideration (including future services) that may be acceptable to the Board, in its sole discretion, and permissible under applicable law.
(ii) Vesting. Shares of Common Stock awarded under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement may be subject to forfeiture to the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.
(iii) Termination of Participants Continuous Service. If a Participants Continuous Service terminates, the Company may receive through a forfeiture condition or a repurchase right any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant that have not vested as of the date of termination of Continuous Service under the terms of the Restricted Stock Award Agreement.
(iv) Transferability. Rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the Restricted Stock Award Agreement, as the Board will determine in its sole discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the Restricted Stock Award Agreement remains subject to the terms of the Restricted Stock Award Agreement.
(v) Dividends. A Restricted Stock Award Agreement may provide that any dividends paid on Restricted Stock will be subject to the same vesting and forfeiture restrictions as apply to the shares subject to the Restricted Stock Award to which they relate.
(b) Restricted Stock Unit Awards. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board deems appropriate. The terms and conditions of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreements need not be identical. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will conform to (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the Agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:
(i) Consideration. At the time of grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board will determine the consideration, if any, to be paid by the Participant upon delivery of each share of Common Stock subject to the Restricted Stock Unit Award. The consideration to be paid (if any) by the Participant for each share of Common Stock subject to a Restricted Stock Unit Award may be paid in any form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board, in its sole discretion, and permissible under applicable law.
(ii) Vesting. At the time of the grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board may impose such restrictions on or conditions to the vesting of the Restricted Stock Unit Award as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
(iii) Payment . A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be settled by the delivery of shares of Common Stock, their cash equivalent, any combination thereof or in any other form of consideration, as determined by the Board and contained in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement.
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(iv) Additional Restrictions. At the time of the grant of a Restricted Stock Unit Award, the Board, as it deems appropriate, may impose such restrictions or conditions that delay the delivery of the shares of Common Stock (or their cash equivalent) subject to a Restricted Stock Unit Award to a time after the vesting of such Restricted Stock Unit Award.
(v) Dividend Equivalents. Dividend equivalents may be credited in respect of shares of Common Stock covered by a Restricted Stock Unit Award, as determined by the Board and contained in the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement. At the sole discretion of the Board, such dividend equivalents may be converted into additional shares of Common Stock covered by the Restricted Stock Unit Award in such manner as determined by the Board. Any additional shares covered by the Restricted Stock Unit Award credited by reason of such dividend equivalents will be subject to all of the same terms and conditions of the underlying Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement to which they relate.
(vi) Termination of Participant s Continuous Service. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement or other written agreement between a Participant and the Company or an Affiliate, such portion of the Restricted Stock Unit Award that has not vested will be forfeited upon the Participants termination of Continuous Service.
(c) Performance Awards .
(i) Performance Stock Awards . A Performance Stock Award is a Stock Award that is payable (including that may be granted, vest or exercised) contingent upon the attainment during a Performance Period of certain Performance Goals. A Performance Stock Award may, but need not, require the completion of a specified period of Continuous Service. The length of any Performance Period, the Performance Goals to be achieved during the Performance Period, and the measure of whether and to what degree such Performance Goals have been attained will be conclusively determined by the Board or Committee, in its sole discretion. In addition, to the extent permitted by applicable law and the applicable Award Agreement, the Board or the Committee may determine that cash may be used in payment of Performance Stock Awards.
(ii) Performance Cash Awards . A Performance Cash Award is a cash award that is payable contingent upon the attainment during a Performance Period of certain Performance Goals. A Performance Cash Award may also require the completion of a specified period of Continuous Service. At the time of grant of a Performance Cash Award, the length of any Performance Period, the Performance Goals to be achieved during the Performance Period, and the measure of whether and to what degree such Performance Goals have been attained will be conclusively determined by the Board or Committee, in its sole discretion. The Board or the Committee may specify the form of payment of Performance Cash Awards, which may be cash or other property, or may provide for a Participant to have the option for his or her Performance Cash Award, or such portion thereof as the Board may specify, to be paid in whole or in part in cash or other property.
(iii) Board Discretion . The Board retains the discretion to adjust or eliminate the compensation or economic benefit due upon attainment of Performance Goals and to define the manner of calculating the Performance Criteria it selects to use for a Performance Period. Partial achievement of the specified criteria may result in the payment or vesting corresponding to the degree of achievement as specified in the Stock Award Agreement or the written terms of a Performance Cash Award.
(d) Other Stock Awards . Other forms of Stock Awards valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on, Common Stock, including the appreciation in value thereof (e.g., options or stock rights with an exercise price or strike price less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the time of grant) may be granted either alone or in addition to Stock Awards provided for under Section 5 and the preceding provisions of this Section 6. Subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Board will have sole and complete authority to determine the persons to whom and the time or times at which such Other Stock Awards will be granted, the number of shares of Common Stock (or the cash equivalent thereof) to be granted pursuant to such Other Stock Awards and all other terms and conditions of such Other Stock Awards.
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7. C OVENANTS OF THE C OMPANY .
(a) Availability of Shares. The Company will keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock reasonably required to satisfy then-outstanding Stock Awards.
(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company will seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan, as necessary, such authority as may be required to grant Stock Awards and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise or vesting of the Stock Awards; provided, however , that this undertaking will not require the Company to register under the Securities Act or other securities or applicable laws, the Plan, any Stock Award or any Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Stock Award. If, after reasonable efforts and at a reasonable cost, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority that counsel for the Company deems necessary or advisable for the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, the Company will be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise or vesting of such Stock Awards unless and until such authority is obtained. A Participant will not be eligible for the grant of an Award or the subsequent issuance of cash or Common Stock pursuant to the Award if such grant or issuance would be in violation of any applicable securities law.
(c) No Obligation to Notify or Minimize Taxes. The Company will have no duty or obligation to any Participant to advise such holder as to the tax treatment or time or manner of exercising such Stock Award. Furthermore, the Company will have no duty or obligation to warn or otherwise advise such holder of a pending termination or expiration of an Award or a possible period in which the Award may not be exercised. The Company has no duty or obligation to minimize the tax consequences of an Award to the holder of such Award.
8. M ISCELLANEOUS .
(a) Use of Proceeds from Sales of Common Stock. Proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant to Stock Awards will constitute general funds of the Company.
(b) Corporate Action Constituting Grant of Awards. Corporate action constituting a grant by the Company of an Award to any Participant will be deemed completed as of the date of such corporate action, unless otherwise determined by the Board, regardless of when the instrument, certificate, or letter evidencing the Award is communicated to, or actually received or accepted by, the Participant. In the event that the corporate records (e.g., Board consents, resolutions or minutes) documenting the corporate action approving the grant contain terms (e.g., exercise price, vesting schedule or number of shares) that are inconsistent with those in the Award Agreement or related grant documents as a result of a clerical error in the papering of the Award Agreement or related grant documents, the corporate records will control and the Participant will have no legally binding right to the incorrect term in the Award Agreement or related grant documents.
(c) Stockholder Rights. No Participant will be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock subject to an Award unless and until (i) such Participant has satisfied all requirements for exercise of, or the issuance of shares of Common Stock under, the Award pursuant to its terms, and (ii) the issuance of the Common Stock subject to such Award has been entered into the books and records of the Company.
(d) No Employment or Other Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan, any Award Agreement or any other instrument executed thereunder or in connection with any Award granted pursuant thereto will confer upon any Participant any right to continue to serve the Company or an Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Award was granted or will affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultants agreement with the Company or an Affiliate, or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state or foreign jurisdiction in which the Company or the Affiliate is domiciled or incorporated, as the case may be.
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(e) Change in Time Commitment . In the event a Participants regular level of time commitment in the performance of his or her services for the Company and any Affiliates is reduced (for example, and without limitation, if the Participant is an Employee of the Company and the Employee has a change in status from a full-time Employee to a part-time Employee or takes an extended leave of absence) after the date of grant of any Award to the Participant, the Board has the right in its sole discretion to (x) make a corresponding reduction in the number of shares or cash amount subject to any portion of such Award that is scheduled to vest or become payable after the date of such change in time commitment, and (y) in lieu of or in combination with such a reduction, extend the vesting or payment schedule applicable to such Award. In the event of any such reduction, the Participant will have no right with respect to any portion of the Award that is so reduced or extended.
(f) Incentive Stock Option Limitations. To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Optionholder during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and any Affiliates) exceeds $100,000 (or such other limit established in the Code) or otherwise does not comply with the rules governing Incentive Stock Options, the Options or portions thereof that exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) or otherwise do not comply with such rules will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options, notwithstanding any contrary provision of the applicable Option Agreement(s).
(g) Investment Assurances. The Company may require a Participant, as a condition of exercising or acquiring Common Stock under any Award, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Participants knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Award; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Participant is acquiring Common Stock subject to the Award for the Participants own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the Common Stock. The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, will be inoperative if (A) the issuance of the shares upon the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act, or (B) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the Common Stock.
(h) Withholding Obligations. Unless prohibited by the terms of an Award Agreement, the Company may, in its sole discretion, satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to an Award by any of the following means or by a combination of such means: (i) causing the Participant to tender a cash payment; (ii) withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock issued or otherwise issuable to the Participant in connection with the Stock Award; provided, however, that no shares of Common Stock are withheld with a value exceeding the maximum amount of tax required to be withheld by law (or such lesser amount as may be necessary to avoid classification of the Stock Award as a liability for financial accounting purposes); (iii) withholding cash from an Award settled in cash; (iv) withholding payment from any amounts otherwise payable to the Participant; or (v) by such other method as may be set forth in the Award Agreement.
(i) Electronic Delivery . Any reference herein to a written agreement or document will include any agreement or document delivered electronically, filed publicly at www.sec.gov (or any successor website thereto) or posted on the Companys intranet (or other shared electronic medium controlled by the Company to which the Participant has access).
(j) Deferrals. To the extent permitted by applicable law, the Board, in its sole discretion, may determine that the delivery of Common Stock or the payment of cash, upon the exercise, vesting or settlement of all or a portion of any Award may be deferred and may establish programs and procedures for deferral elections to be
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made by Participants. Deferrals by Participants will be made in accordance with Section 409A of the Code. Consistent with Section 409A of the Code, the Board may provide for distributions while a Participant is still an employee or otherwise providing services to the Company. The Board is authorized to make deferrals of Awards and determine when, and in what annual percentages, Participants may receive payments, including lump sum payments, following the Participants termination of Continuous Service, and implement such other terms and conditions consistent with the provisions of the Plan and in accordance with applicable law.
(k) Clawback/Recovery . All Awards granted under the Plan will be subject to recoupment in accordance with any clawback policy that the Company is required to adopt pursuant to the listing standards of any national securities exchange or association on which the Companys securities are listed or as is otherwise required by the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act or other applicable law. In addition, the Board may impose such other clawback, recovery or recoupment provisions in an Award Agreement as the Board determines necessary or appropriate, including but not limited to a reacquisition right in respect of previously acquired shares of Common Stock or other cash or property upon the occurrence of Cause. No recovery of compensation under such a clawback policy will be an event giving rise to a right to voluntary terminate employment upon a resignation for good reason, or for a constructive termination or any similar term under any plan of or agreement with the Company.
(l) Compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Unless otherwise expressly provided for in an Award Agreement, the Plan and Award Agreements will be interpreted to the greatest extent possible in a manner that makes the Plan and the Awards granted hereunder exempt from Section 409A of the Code, and, to the extent not so exempt, in compliance with Section 409A of the Code. If the Board determines that any Award granted hereunder is not exempt from and is therefore subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Award Agreement evidencing such Award will incorporate the terms and conditions necessary to avoid the consequences specified in Section 409A(a)(1) of the Code, and to the extent an Award Agreement is silent on terms necessary for compliance, such terms are hereby incorporated by reference into the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Plan (and unless the Award Agreement specifically provides otherwise), if the shares of Common Stock are publicly traded, and if a Participant holding an Award that constitutes deferred compensation under Section 409A of the Code is a specified employee for purposes of Section 409A of the Code, no distribution or payment of any amount that is due because of a separation from service (as defined in Section 409A of the Code without regard to alternative definitions thereunder) will be issued or paid before the date that is six months following the date of such Participants separation from service or, if earlier, the date of the Participants death, unless such distribution or payment can be made in a manner that complies with Section 409A of the Code, and any amounts so deferred will be paid in a lump sum on the day after such six month period elapses, with the balance paid thereafter on the original schedule.
9. A DJUSTMENTS UPON C HANGES IN C OMMON S TOCK ; O THER C ORPORATE E VENTS .
(a) Capitalization Adjustments . In the event of a Capitalization Adjustment, the Board will appropriately and proportionately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Plan pursuant to Section 3(a), (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities that may be issued pursuant to the exercise of Incentive Stock Options pursuant to Section 3(c), (iii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities that may be awarded to any Non-Employee Director pursuant to Section 3(d), and (iv) the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of stock subject to outstanding Stock Awards. The Board will make such adjustments, and its determination will be final, binding and conclusive.
(b) Dissolution . Except as otherwise provided in the Stock Award Agreement, in the event of a Dissolution of the Company, all outstanding Stock Awards (other than Stock Awards consisting of vested and outstanding shares of Common Stock not subject to a forfeiture condition or the Companys right of repurchase) will terminate immediately prior to the completion of such Dissolution, and the shares of Common Stock subject to the Companys repurchase rights or subject to a forfeiture condition may be repurchased or reacquired by the Company notwithstanding the fact that the holder of such Stock Award is providing Continuous Service; provided, however, that the Board may, in its sole discretion, cause some or all Stock Awards to become fully
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vested, exercisable and/or no longer subject to repurchase or forfeiture (to the extent such Stock Awards have not previously expired or terminated) before the Dissolution is completed but contingent on its completion.
(c) Transaction. The following provisions will apply to Stock Awards in the event of a Transaction unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing the Stock Award or any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant or unless otherwise expressly provided by the Board at the time of grant of a Stock Award. In the event of a Transaction, then, notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, the Board may take one or more of the following actions with respect to Stock Awards, contingent upon the closing or completion of the Transaction:
(i) arrange for the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or the surviving or acquiring corporations parent company) to assume or continue the Stock Award or to substitute a similar stock award for the Stock Award (including, but not limited to, an award to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders of the Company pursuant to the Transaction);
(ii) arrange for the assignment of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company in respect of Common Stock issued pursuant to the Stock Award to the surviving corporation or acquiring corporation (or the surviving or acquiring corporations parent company);
(iii) accelerate the vesting, in whole or in part, of the Stock Award (and, if applicable, the time at which the Stock Award may be exercised) to a date prior to the effective time of such Transaction as the Board determines (or, if the Board does not determine such a date, to the date that is five days prior to the effective date of the Transaction), with such Stock Award terminating if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to the effective time of the Transaction; provided, however , that the Board may require Participants to complete and deliver to the Company a notice of exercise before the effective date of a Transaction, which exercise is contingent upon the effectiveness of such Transaction;
(iv) arrange for the lapse, in whole or in part, of any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to the Stock Award;
(v) cancel or arrange for the cancellation of the Stock Award, to the extent not vested or not exercised prior to the effective time of the Transaction, in exchange for such cash consideration, if any, as the Board, in its sole discretion, may consider appropriate; and
(vi) make a payment, in such form as may be determined by the Board equal to the excess, if any, of (A) the value of the property the Participant would have received upon the exercise of the Stock Award immediately prior to the effective time of the Transaction, over (B) any exercise price payable by such holder in connection with such exercise. For clarity, this payment may be $0 if the value of the property is equal to or less than the exercise price. Payments under this provision may be delayed to the same extent that payment of consideration to the holders of the Companys Common Stock in connection with the Transaction is delayed as a result of escrows, earn outs, holdbacks or any other contingencies.
The Board need not take the same action or actions with respect to all Stock Awards or portions thereof or with respect to all Participants. The Board may take different actions with respect to the vested and unvested portions of a Stock Award. Unless otherwise provided in the instrument evidencing a Performance Cash Award or any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant or unless otherwise expressly provided by the Board, in the event of a Transaction, then all Performance Cash Awards outstanding under the Plan will terminate prior to the effective time of such Transaction.
(d) Change in Control. A Stock Award may be subject to additional acceleration of vesting and exercisability upon or after a Change in Control as may be provided in the Stock Award Agreement for such Stock Award or as may be provided in any other written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant, but in the absence of such provision, no such acceleration will occur.
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10. T ERMINATION OR S USPENSION OF THE P LAN .
(a) The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. No Incentive Stock Option will be granted after the tenth anniversary of the earlier of (i) the Adoption Date, or (ii) the date the Plan is approved by the stockholders of the Company. No Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.
(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan will not materially impair rights and obligations under any Award granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the affected Participant or as otherwise permitted in the Plan (including Section 2(b)(viii)) or an Award Agreement.
11. E FFECTIVE D ATE OF P LAN .
The Plan will become effective on the Effective Date.
12. C HOICE OF L AW .
The laws of the State of Delaware will govern all questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan, without regard to that states conflict of laws rules.
13. D EFINITIONS . As used in the Plan, the following definitions will apply to the capitalized terms indicated below:
(a) Adoption Date means the date the Plan is adopted by the Board.
(b) Affiliate means, at the time of determination, any parent or subsidiary of the Company as such terms are defined in Rule 405. The Board will have the authority to determine the time or times at which parent or subsidiary status is determined within the foregoing definition.
(c) Award means a Stock Award or a Performance Cash Award.
(d) Award Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a Participant evidencing the terms and conditions of an Award.
(e) Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(f) Capital Stock means each and every class of common stock of the Company, regardless of the number of votes per share.
(g) Capitalization Adjustment means any change that is made in, or other events that occur with respect to, the Common Stock subject to the Plan or subject to any Stock Award after the Adoption Date without the receipt of consideration by the Company through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, large nonrecurring cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or any similar equity restructuring transaction, as that term is used in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (or any successor thereto). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the conversion of any convertible securities of the Company will not be treated as a Capitalization Adjustment.
(h) Cause will have the meaning ascribed to such term in any written agreement between the Participant and the Company defining such term and, in the absence of such agreement, such term means, with respect to a Participant, the occurrence of any of the following events: (i) such Participants commission of any felony or any crime involving fraud, embezzlement, dishonesty or moral turpitude under the laws of the United States or any state thereof; (ii) such Participants attempted commission of, or participation in, a fraud, embezzlement or act of dishonesty against the Company or an Affiliate; (iii) such Participants intentional, material violation of any
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contract or agreement between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate or of any statutory duty owed to the Company or an Affiliate; (iv) such Participants unauthorized use or disclosure of the Companys or an Affiliates confidential information or trade secrets; (v) the refusal or omission by the Participant to perform any duties required of him or her if such duties are consistent with duties customary for the position held with the Company or an Affiliate or persistent unsatisfactory performance or neglect of his or her job duties; or (vi) such Participants gross misconduct. The determination that a termination of the Participants Continuous Service is either for Cause or without Cause will be made by the Company, in its sole discretion. Any determination by the Company that the Continuous Service of a Participant was terminated with or without Cause for the purposes of outstanding Awards held by such Participant will have no effect upon any determination of the rights or obligations of the Company or such Participant for any other purpose.
(i) Change in Control means the occurrence, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:
(i) any Exchange Act Person becomes the Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities other than by virtue of a merger, consolidation or similar transaction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Change in Control will not be deemed to occur (A) on account of the acquisition of securities of the Company directly from the Company, (B) on account of the acquisition of securities of the Company by an investor, any affiliate thereof or any other Exchange Act Person that acquires the Companys securities in a transaction or series of related transactions the primary purpose of which is to obtain financing for the Company through the issuance of equity securities, or (C) solely because the level of Ownership held by any Exchange Act Person (the Subject Person ) exceeds the designated percentage threshold of the outstanding voting securities as a result of a repurchase or other acquisition of voting securities by the Company reducing the number of shares outstanding, provided that if a Change in Control would occur (but for the operation of this sentence) as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Company, and after such share acquisition, the Subject Person becomes the Owner of any additional voting securities that, assuming the repurchase or other acquisition had not occurred, increases the percentage of the then outstanding voting securities Owned by the Subject Person over the designated percentage threshold, then a Change in Control will be deemed to occur;
(ii) there is consummated a merger, consolidation or similar transaction involving (directly or indirectly) the Company and, immediately after the consummation of such merger, consolidation or similar transaction, the stockholders of the Company immediately prior thereto do not Own, directly or indirectly, either (A) outstanding voting securities representing more than 50% of the combined outstanding voting power of the surviving Entity in such merger, consolidation or similar transaction or (B) more than 50% of the combined outstanding voting power of the parent of the surviving Entity in such merger, consolidation or similar transaction, in each case in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of the outstanding voting securities of the Company immediately prior to such transaction;
(iii) the stockholders of the Company approve or the Board approves a plan of complete dissolution of liquidation of the Company, or a complete dissolution or liquidation of the Company will otherwise occur, except for a liquidation into a parent corporation;
(iv) there is consummated a sale, lease, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries, other than a sale, lease, license or other disposition of all or substantially all of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries to an Entity, more than 50% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of which are Owned by stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of the outstanding voting securities of the Company immediately prior to such sale, lease, license or other disposition; or
(v) individuals who, on the date the Plan is adopted by the Board, are members of the Board (the Incumbent Board ) cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board; provided, however , that if the appointment or election (or nomination for election) of any new Board member
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was approved or recommended by a majority vote of the members of the Incumbent Board then still in office, such new member will, for purposes of this Plan, be considered as a member of the Incumbent Board.
Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, (A) the term Change in Control will not include a sale of assets, merger or other transaction effected exclusively for the purpose of changing the domicile of the Company, and (B) the definition of Change in Control (or any analogous term) in an individual written agreement between the Company or any Affiliate and the Participant will supersede the foregoing definition with respect to Awards subject to such agreement; provided, however , that if no definition of Change in Control or any analogous term is set forth in such an individual written agreement, the foregoing definition will apply. To the extent required for compliance with Section 409A of the Code, in no event will a Change in Control be deemed to have occurred if such transaction is not also a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company or a change in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company as determined under Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-3(i)(5) (without regard to any alternative definition thereunder). The Board may, in its sole discretion and without a Participants consent, amend the definition of Change in Control to conform to the definition of Change in Control under Section 409A of the Code, and the regulations thereunder.
(j) Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any applicable regulations and guidance thereunder.
(k) Committee means a committee of one or more Directors to whom authority has been delegated by the Board in accordance with Section 2(c).
(l) Common Stock means the Class A common stock of the Company.
(m) Company means Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation.
(n) Consultant means any person, including an advisor, who is (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and is compensated for such services, or (ii) serving as a member of the board of directors of an Affiliate and is compensated for such services. However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such service, will not cause a Director to be considered a Consultant for purposes of the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a person is treated as a Consultant under this Plan only if a Form S-8 Registration Statement under the Securities Act is available to register either the offer or the sale of the Companys securities to such person.
(o) Continuous Service means that the Participants service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. A change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Director or Consultant or a change in the Entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participants service with the Company or an Affiliate, will not terminate a Participants Continuous Service; provided, however, that if the Entity for which a Participant is rendering services ceases to qualify as an Affiliate, as determined by the Board, in its sole discretion, such Participants Continuous Service will be considered to have terminated on the date such Entity ceases to qualify as an Affiliate. For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or to a Director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. To the extent permitted by law, the Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that partys sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service will be considered interrupted in the case of (i) any leave of absence approved by the Board or chief executive officer, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave, or (ii) transfers between the Company, an Affiliate, or their successors. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a leave of absence will be treated as Continuous Service for purposes of vesting in an Award only to such extent as may be provided in the Companys leave of absence policy, in the written terms of any leave of absence agreement or policy applicable to the Participant, or as otherwise required by law. In addition, to the extent required for exemption from or compliance with Section 409A of the Code, the determination of whether there has been a termination of Continuous Service will be made, and such term will be
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construed, in a manner that is consistent with the definition of separation from service as defined under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h) (without regard to any alternative definition thereunder).
(p) Corporate Transaction means the consummation, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:
(i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all, as determined by the Board, in its sole discretion, of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(ii) a sale or other disposition of more than 50% of the outstanding securities of the Company;
(iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is not the surviving corporation; or
(iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger, consolidation or similar transaction are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger, consolidation or similar transaction into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.
(q) Director means a member of the Board.
(r) Disability means, with respect to a Participant, the inability of such Participant to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment that can be expected to result in death or that has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months, as provided in Sections 22(e)(3) and 409A(a)(2)(c)(i) of the Code, and will be determined by the Board on the basis of such medical evidence as the Board deems warranted under the circumstances.
(s) Dissolution means when the Company, after having executed a certificate of dissolution with the State of Delaware (or other applicable state), has completely wound up its affairs. Conversion of the Company into a Limited Liability Company (or any other pass-through entity) will not be considered a Dissolution for purposes of the Plan.
(t) Effective Date means the effective date of this Plan, which is the date of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Merger among the Company, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., and C1 Investment Corp., dated as of November 30, 2017, provided that this Plan is approved by the Companys stockholders on or prior to such date.
(u) Employee means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such services, will not cause a Director to be considered an Employee for purposes of the Plan.
(v) Entity means a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or other entity.
(w) Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(x) Exchange Act Person means any natural person, Entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act), except that Exchange Act Person will not include (i) the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (ii) any employee benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company or any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company or any Subsidiary of the Company, (iii) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to a registered public offering of such securities, (iv) an Entity Owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their Ownership of stock of the Company; or (v) any natural person, Entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act) that, as of the
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Effective Date, is the Owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than 50% of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities.
(y) Fair Market Value means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:
(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on any established market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock will be, unless otherwise determined by the Board, the closing sales price for such stock as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the date of determination, as reported in a source the Board deems reliable.
(ii) Unless otherwise provided by the Board, if there is no closing sales price for the Common Stock on the date of determination, then the Fair Market Value will be the closing selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.
(iii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value will be determined by the Board in good faith and in a manner that complies with Sections 409A and 422 of the Code.
(z) Incentive Stock Option means an option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan that is intended to be, and that qualifies as, an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of
(aa) Non-Employee Director means a Director who either (i) is not a current employee or officer of the Company or an Affiliate, does not receive compensation, either directly or indirectly, from the Company or an Affiliate for services rendered as a consultant or in any capacity other than as a Director (except for an amount as to which disclosure would not be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act ( Regulation S-K )), does not possess an interest in any other transaction for which disclosure would be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K, and is not engaged in a business relationship for which disclosure would be required pursuant to Item 404(b) of Regulation S-K; or (ii) is otherwise considered a non-employee director for purposes of Rule 16b-3.
(bb) Nonstatutory Stock Option means any option granted pursuant to Section 5 of the Plan that does not qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.
(cc) Officer means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
(dd) Option means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted pursuant to the Plan.
(ee) Option Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an Option grant. Each Option Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(ff) Optionholder means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.
(gg) Other Stock Award means an award based in whole or in part by reference to the Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(d).
(hh) Other Stock Award Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of an Other Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an Other Stock Award grant. Each Other Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(ii) Own, Owned, Owner, Ownership A person or Entity will be deemed to Own, to have Owned, to be the Owner of, or to have acquired Ownership of securities if such person or Entity, directly
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or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting, with respect to such securities.
(jj) Participant means a person to whom an Award is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Stock Award.
(kk) Performance Cash Award means an award of cash granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(c)(ii).
(ll) Performance Criteria means the one or more criteria that the Board will select for purposes of establishing the Performance Goals for a Performance Period. The Performance Criteria that will be used to establish such Performance Goals may be based on any one of, or combination of, the following as determined by the Board: (i) earnings (including earnings per share and net earnings); (ii) earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation; (iii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization; (iv) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and legal settlements; (v) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements and other income (expense); (vi) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense) and stock-based compensation; (vii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense), stock-based compensation and changes in deferred revenue; (viii) earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, legal settlements, other income (expense), stock-based compensation, other non-cash expenses and changes in deferred revenue; (ix) total stockholder return; (x) return on equity or average stockholders equity; (xi) return on assets, investment, or capital employed; (xii) stock price; (xiii) margin (including gross margin); (xiv) income (before or after taxes); (xv) operating income; (xvi) operating income after taxes; (xvii) pre-tax profit; (xviii) operating cash flow; (xix) sales or revenue targets; (xx) increases in revenue or product revenue; (xxi) expenses and cost reduction goals; (xxii) improvement in or attainment of working capital levels; (xxiii) economic value added (or an equivalent metric); (xxiv) market share; (xxv) cash flow; (xxvi) cash flow per share; (xxvii) cash balance; (xxviii) cash burn; (xxix) cash collections; (xxx) share price performance; (xxxi) debt reduction; (xxxii) implementation or completion of projects or processes; (xxxiii) stockholders equity; (xxxiv) capital expenditures; (xxxv) debt levels; (xxxvi) operating profit or net operating profit; (xxxvii) workforce diversity; (xxxviii) growth of net income or operating income; (xxxix) billings; (xl) bookings; (xli) employee retention; (xlii) acquisition of new customers, including institutional accounts; (xliii) customer retention and/or repeat order rate; (xliv) number of users, including institutional customer accounts (xlv) budget management; (xlvi) partner satisfaction; (xlvii) strategic partnerships or transactions (including in-licensing and out-licensing of intellectual property; (xlviii) customer satisfaction; and (xlix) other measures of performance selected by the Board.
(mm) Performance Goals means, for a Performance Period, the one or more goals established by the Board for the Performance Period based upon the Performance Criteria. Performance Goals may be based on a Company-wide basis, with respect to one or more business units, divisions, Affiliates, or business segments, and in either absolute terms or relative to the performance of one or more comparable companies or the performance of one or more relevant indices. Unless specified otherwise by the Board (i) in the Award Agreement at the time the Award is granted or (ii) in such other document setting forth the Performance Goals at the time the Performance Goals are established, the Board will appropriately make adjustments in the method of calculating the attainment of Performance Goals for a Performance Period as follows: (1) to exclude restructuring and/or other nonrecurring charges; (2) to exclude exchange rate effects; (3) to exclude the effects of changes to generally accepted accounting principles; (4) to exclude the effects of any statutory adjustments to corporate tax rates; (5) to exclude the effects of any items that are unusual in nature or occur infrequently as determined under generally accepted accounting principles; (6) to exclude the dilutive effects of acquisitions or joint ventures; (7) to assume that any business divested by the Company achieved performance objectives at targeted levels during the balance of a Performance Period following such divestiture; (8) to exclude the effect of any change in the outstanding shares of common stock of the Company by reason of any stock dividend or split, stock repurchase, reorganization, recapitalization, merger, consolidation, spin-off, combination or exchange of shares or other similar corporate change, or any distributions to common stockholders other than regular cash dividends; (9) to exclude the effects of stock based compensation and the award of bonuses under the Companys bonus
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plans; (10) to exclude costs incurred in connection with potential acquisitions or divestitures that are required to be expensed under generally accepted accounting principles; (11) to exclude the goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges that are required to be recorded under generally accepted accounting principles; and (12) to exclude the effect of any other unusual, non-recurring gain or loss or other extraordinary item. In addition, the Board retains the discretion to reduce or eliminate the compensation or economic benefit due upon attainment of Performance Goals and to define the manner of calculating the Performance Criteria it selects to use for such Performance Period. Partial achievement of the specified criteria may result in the payment or vesting corresponding to the degree of achievement as specified in the Stock Award Agreement or the written terms of a Performance Cash Award.
(nn) Performance Period means the period of time selected by the Board over which the attainment of one or more Performance Goals will be measured for the purpose of determining a Participants right to and the payment of a Stock Award or a Performance Cash Award. Performance Periods may be of varying and overlapping duration, at the sole discretion of the Board.
(oo) Performance Stock Award means a Stock Award granted under the terms and conditions of Section 6(c)(i).
(pp) Plan means this Forum Merger Corporation 2018 Equity Incentive Plan.
(qq) Restricted Stock Award means an award of shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(a).
(rr) Restricted Stock Award Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Restricted Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Award grant. Each Restricted Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(ss) Restricted Stock Unit Award means a right to receive shares of Common Stock which is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 6(b).
(tt) Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Restricted Stock Unit Award evidencing the terms and conditions of a Restricted Stock Unit Award grant. Each Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(uu) Rule 16b-3 means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.
(vv) Rule 405 means Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act.
(ww) Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(xx) Stock Appreciation Right or SAR means a right to receive the appreciation on Common Stock that is granted pursuant to the terms and conditions of Section 5.
(yy) Stock Appreciation Right Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Stock Appreciation Right evidencing the terms and conditions of a Stock Appreciation Right grant. Each Stock Appreciation Right Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
(zz) Stock Award means any right to receive Common Stock granted under the Plan, including an Incentive Stock Option, a Nonstatutory Stock Option, a Restricted Stock Award, a Restricted Stock Unit Award, a Stock Appreciation Right, a Performance Stock Award or any Other Stock Award.
(aaa) Stock Award Agreement means a written agreement between the Company and a Participant evidencing the terms and conditions of a Stock Award grant. Each Stock Award Agreement will be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.
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(bbb) Subsidiary means, with respect to the Company, (i) any corporation of which more than 50% of the outstanding capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether, at the time, stock of any other class or classes of such corporation will have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time, directly or indirectly, Owned by the Company, and (ii) any partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which the Company has a direct or indirect interest (whether in the form of voting or participation in profits or capital contribution) of more than 50%.
(ccc) Ten Percent Stockholder means a person who Owns (or is deemed to Own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or any Affiliate.
(ddd) Transaction means a Corporate Transaction or a Change in Control.
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2018 E MPLOYEE S TOCK P URCHASE P LAN
A DOPTED BY THE B OARD OF D IRECTORS :
A PPROVED BY THE S TOCKHOLDERS :
1. G ENERAL ; P URPOSE .
(a) The Plan provides a means by which Eligible Employees of the Company and certain designated Related Corporations may be given an opportunity to purchase shares of Common Stock. The Plan permits the Company to grant a series of Purchase Rights to Eligible Employees under an Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(b) The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of such Employees, to secure and retain the services of new Employees and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Related Corporations.
2. A DMINISTRATION .
(a) The Board will administer the Plan. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees, as provided in Section 2(c).
(b) The Board will have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:
(i) To determine when and how Purchase Rights will be granted and the provisions of each Offering (which need not be identical).
(ii) To designate from time to time which Related Corporations will be eligible to participate in the Plan.
(iii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Purchase Rights, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for the administration of the Plan. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan, in a manner and to the extent it deems necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.
(iv) To settle all controversies regarding the Plan and Purchase Rights.
(v) To amend the Plan at any time as provided in Section 12.
(vi) To suspend or terminate the Plan at any time as provided in Section 12.
(vii) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as it deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company and its Related Corporations and to carry out the intent that the Plan be treated as an Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(viii) To adopt such procedures and sub-plans as are necessary or appropriate to permit participation in the Plan by Employees who are foreign nationals or employed outside the United States.
(c) The Board may delegate some or all of the administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees. If administration is delegated to a Committee, the Committee will have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board that have been delegated to the Committee, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references to the Board in this Plan and in any applicable Offering Document will thereafter be to the Committee or subcommittee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board. The Board may retain the authority to concurrently
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administer the Plan with the Committee and may, at any time, revest in the Board some or all of the powers previously delegated. Whether or not the Board has delegated administration of the Plan to a Committee, the Board will have the final power to determine all questions of policy and expediency that may arise in the administration of the Plan.
(d) All determinations, interpretations and constructions made by the Board in good faith will not be subject to review by any person and will be final, binding and conclusive on all persons.
3. S HARES OF C OMMON S TOCK S UBJECT TO THE P LAN .
(a) Subject to Section 11(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued under the Plan will not exceed 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock, plus the number of shares of Common Stock that are automatically added on January 1 st of each year for a period of up to ten years, commencing on the first January 1 st following the Effective Date and ending on (and including) January 1, 2027, in an amount equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the total number of shares of Capital Stock outstanding on December 31 st of the preceding calendar year, and (ii) 1,500,000 shares of Common Stock. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may act prior to the first day of any calendar year to provide that there will be no January 1 st increase in the share reserve for such calendar year or that the increase in the share reserve for such calendar year will be a lesser number of shares of Common Stock than would otherwise occur pursuant to the preceding sentence.
(b) If any Purchase Right terminates without having been exercised in full, the shares of Common Stock not purchased under such Purchase Right will again become available for issuance under the Plan.
(c) The stock issuable under the Plan will be shares of authorized but unissued or reacquired Common Stock, including shares repurchased by the Company on the open market.
4. G RANT OF P URCHASE R IGHTS ; O FFERING .
(a) The Board may from time to time grant or provide for the grant of Purchase Rights to Eligible Employees under an Offering (consisting of one or more Purchase Periods) on an Offering Date or Offering Dates selected by the Board. Each Offering will be in such form and will contain such terms and conditions as the Board will deem appropriate and will comply with the requirement of Section 423(b)(5) of the Code that all Employees granted Purchase Rights will have the same rights and privileges. The terms and conditions of an Offering will be incorporated by reference into the Plan and treated as part of the Plan. The provisions of separate Offerings need not be identical, but each Offering will include (through incorporation of the provisions of this Plan by reference in the document comprising the Offering or otherwise) the period during which the Offering will be effective, which period will not exceed twenty-seven (27) months beginning with the Offering Date, and the substance of the provisions contained in Sections 5 through 8, inclusive.
(b) If a Participant has more than one Purchase Right outstanding under the Plan, unless he or she otherwise indicates in forms delivered to the Company: (i) each form will apply to all of his or her Purchase Rights under the Plan, and (ii) a Purchase Right with a lower exercise price (or an earlier-granted Purchase Right, if different Purchase Rights have identical exercise prices) will be exercised to the fullest possible extent before a Purchase Right with a higher exercise price (or a later-granted Purchase Right if different Purchase Rights have identical exercise prices) will be exercised.
(c) The Board will have the discretion to structure an Offering so that if the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on any Purchase Date during an Offering is less than or equal to the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Offering Date for that Offering, then (i) that Offering will terminate immediately following the purchase of shares of Common Stock on such Purchase Date, and (ii) the Participants in such terminated Offering will be automatically enrolled in a new Offering that begins immediately after such Purchase Date.
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5. E LIGIBILITY .
(a) Purchase Rights may be granted only to Employees of the Company or, as the Board may designate in accordance with Section 2(b), to Employees of a Related Corporation. Except as provided in Section 5(b), an Employee will not be eligible to be granted Purchase Rights unless, on the Offering Date, the Employee has been in the employ of the Company or the Related Corporation, as the case may be, for such continuous period preceding such Offering Date as the Board may require, but in no event will the required period of continuous employment be equal to or greater than two (2) years. In addition, the Board may provide that no Employee will be eligible to be granted Purchase Rights unless, on the Offering Date, such Employees customary employment with the Company or the Related Corporation is more than twenty (20) hours per week and more than five (5) months per calendar year or such other criteria as the Board may determine consistent with Section 423 of the Code.
(b) The Board may provide that each person who, during the course of an Offering, first becomes an Eligible Employee will, on a date or dates specified in the Offering which coincides with the day on which such person becomes an Eligible Employee or which occurs thereafter, receive a Purchase Right under that Offering, which Purchase Right will thereafter be deemed to be a part of that Offering. Such Purchase Right will have the same characteristics as any Purchase Rights originally granted under that Offering, as described herein, except that:
(i) the date on which such Purchase Right is granted will be the Offering Date of such Purchase Right for all purposes, including determination of the exercise price of such Purchase Right;
(ii) the period of the Offering with respect to such Purchase Right will begin on its Offering Date and end coincident with the end of such Offering; and
(iii) the Board may provide that if such person first becomes an Eligible Employee within a specified period of time before the end of the Offering, he or she will not receive any Purchase Right under that Offering.
(c) No Employee will be eligible for the grant of any Purchase Rights if, immediately after any such Purchase Rights are granted, such Employee owns stock possessing five percent (5%) or more of the total combined voting power or value of all classes of stock of the Company or of any Related Corporation. For purposes of this Section 5(c), the rules of Section 424(d) of the Code will apply in determining the stock ownership of any Employee, and stock which such Employee may purchase under all outstanding Purchase Rights and options will be treated as stock owned by such Employee.
(d) As specified by Section 423(b)(8) of the Code, an Eligible Employee may be granted Purchase Rights only if such Purchase Rights, together with any other rights granted under all Employee Stock Purchase Plans of the Company and any Related Corporations, do not permit such Eligible Employees rights to purchase stock of the Company or any Related Corporation to accrue at a rate which exceeds twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) of Fair Market Value of such stock (determined at the time such rights are granted, and which, with respect to the Plan, will be determined as of their respective Offering Dates) for each calendar year in which such rights are outstanding at any time.
(e) Officers of the Company and any designated Related Corporation, if they are otherwise Eligible Employees, will be eligible to participate in Offerings under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may provide in an Offering that Employees who are highly compensated Employees within the meaning of Section 423(b)(4)(D) of the Code will not be eligible to participate.
6. P URCHASE R IGHTS ; P URCHASE P RICE .
(a) On each Offering Date, each Eligible Employee, pursuant to an Offering made under the Plan, will be granted a Purchase Right to purchase up to that number of shares of Common Stock purchasable either with a percentage or with a maximum dollar amount, as designated by the Board, but in either case not exceeding fifteen percent (15%) of such Employees earnings (as defined by the Board in each Offering) during the period
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that begins on the Offering Date (or such later date as the Board determines for a particular Offering) and ends on the date stated in the Offering, which date will be no later than the end of the Offering.
(b) The Board will establish one (1) or more Purchase Dates during an Offering on which Purchase Rights granted pursuant to that Offering will be exercised and shares of Common Stock will be purchased in accordance with such Offering.
(c) In connection with each Offering made under the Plan, the Board may specify (i) a maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by any Participant pursuant to such Offering, (ii) a maximum number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by any Participant on any Purchase Date pursuant to such Offering, (iii) a maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by all Participants pursuant to such Offering, and/or (iv) a maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be purchased by all Participants on any Purchase Date pursuant to such Offering. If the aggregate purchase of shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise of Purchase Rights granted under such Offering would exceed any such maximum aggregate number, then, in the absence of any Board action otherwise, a pro rata (based on each Participants accumulated Contributions) allocation of the shares of Common Stock available will be made in as nearly a uniform manner as will be practicable and equitable.
(d) The purchase price of shares of Common Stock acquired pursuant to Purchase Rights shall be an amount equal to ninety-five percent (95%) of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the applicable Purchase Date of the Offering; provided, however, that the Board may determine a different per share purchase price, so long as such per share purchase price is communicated to Participants prior to the beginning of the Offering; and provided, further, that in no event shall such per share purchase price be less than the lesser of (i) 85% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the applicable Offering Date or (ii) 85% of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the applicable Purchase Date.
7. P ARTICIPATION ; W ITHDRAWAL ; T ERMINATION .
(a) An Eligible Employee may elect to authorize payroll deductions as the means of making Contributions by completing and delivering to the Company, within the time specified in the Offering, an enrollment form provided by the Company. The enrollment form will specify the amount of Contributions not to exceed the maximum amount specified by the Board. Each Participants Contributions will be credited to a bookkeeping account for such Participant under the Plan and will be deposited with the general funds of the Company except where applicable law requires that Contributions be deposited with a third party. To the extent provided in the Offering, a Participant may begin such Contributions on or after the Offering Date. To the extent provided in the Offering, a Participant may thereafter decrease (including to zero) or increase his or her Contributions. To the extent specifically provided in the Offering, in addition to or instead of making Contributions by payroll deductions, a Participant may make Contributions through payment by cash or check prior to a Purchase Date.
(b) During an Offering, a Participant may cease making Contributions and withdraw from the Offering by delivering to the Company a withdrawal form provided by the Company. The Company may impose a deadline before a Purchase Date for withdrawing. Upon such withdrawal, such Participants Purchase Right in that Offering will immediately terminate and the Company will distribute to such Participant all of his or her accumulated but unused Contributions without interest. A Participants withdrawal from an Offering will have no effect upon his or her eligibility to participate in any other Offerings under the Plan, but such Participant will be required to deliver a new enrollment form to participate in subsequent Offerings.
(c) Purchase Rights granted pursuant to any Offering under the Plan will terminate immediately if the Participant either (i) is no longer an Employee for any reason or for no reason (subject to any post-employment participation period required by law) or (ii) is otherwise no longer eligible to participate. The Company will distribute to such individual all of his or her accumulated but unused Contributions without interest.
(d) Neither payroll deductions credited to a Participants account nor any rights with regard to the exercise of a Purchase Right or to receive shares of Common Stock under this Plan may be assigned, transferred, pledged,
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or otherwise disposed of in any way (other than as set forth in Section 10 with respect to the delivery of cash and shares of Common Stock) by the Participant. Any such attempt at assignment, transfer, pledge, or other disposition shall be without effect, except that the Company may treat such act as an election to withdraw from an Offering. Purchase Rights may be exercised only by a Participant.
(e) Unless otherwise specified in an Offering, the Company will have no obligation to pay interest on Contributions.
8. E XERCISE OF P URCHASE R IGHTS .
(a) On each Purchase Date, each Participants accumulated Contributions will be applied to the purchase of shares of Common Stock, up to the maximum number of shares of Common Stock permitted by the Plan and the applicable Offering, at the purchase price specified in the Offering. No fractional shares will be issued upon the exercise of Purchase Rights unless specifically provided for in the Offering.
(b) If any amount of accumulated Contributions remains in a Participants account after the purchase of shares of Common Stock on the final Purchase Date of an Offering, then such remaining amount will not roll over to the next Officering and will instead be distributed in full to such Participant after the final Purchase Date of such Offering without interest.
(c) No Purchase Rights may be exercised to any extent unless the shares of Common Stock to be issued upon such exercise under the Plan are covered by an effective registration statement pursuant to the Securities Act and the Plan is in material compliance with all applicable federal, state, foreign and other securities and other laws applicable to the Plan. If, on a Purchase Date, the shares of Common Stock are not so registered or the Plan is not in such compliance, no Purchase Rights will be exercised on such Purchase Date, and the Purchase Date will be delayed until the shares of Common Stock are subject to such an effective registration statement and the Plan is in such compliance, except that the Purchase Date will not be delayed more than twelve (12) months and the Purchase Date will in no event be more than twenty-seven (27) months from the Offering Date. If, on the Purchase Date, as delayed to the maximum extent permissible, the shares of Common Stock are not so registered or the Plan is not in such compliance, no Purchase Rights will be exercised and all accumulated but unused Contributions will be distributed to the Participants without interest.
9. C OVENANTS OF THE C OMPANY .
The Company will seek to obtain from each federal, state, foreign or other regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Purchase Rights and issue and sell shares of Common Stock thereunder. If, after commercially reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain the authority that counsel for the Company deems necessary for the grant of Purchase Rights or the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, and at a commercially reasonable cost, the Company will be relieved from any liability for failure to grant Purchase Rights and/or to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise of such Purchase Rights.
10. D ESIGNATION OF B ENEFICIARY .
(a) The Company may, but is not obligated to, permit a Participant to submit a form designating a beneficiary who will receive any shares of Common Stock and/or Contributions from the Participants account under the Plan if the Participant dies before such shares and/or Contributions are delivered to the Participant. The Company may, but is not obligated to, permit the Participant to change such designation of beneficiary. Any such designation and/or change must be on a form approved by the Company.
(b) If a Participant dies, and in the absence of a valid beneficiary designation, the Company will deliver any shares of Common Stock and/or Contributions to the executor or administrator of the estate of the Participant. If no executor or administrator has been appointed (to the knowledge of the Company), the Company, in its sole discretion, may deliver such shares of Common Stock and/or Contributions to the Participants spouse, dependents or relatives, or if no spouse, dependent or relative is known to the Company, then to such other person as the Company may designate.
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11. A DJUSTMENTS UPON C HANGES IN C OMMON S TOCK ; C ORPORATE T RANSACTIONS .
(a) In the event of a Capitalization Adjustment, the Board will appropriately and proportionately adjust: (i) the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Plan pursuant to Section 3(a); (ii) the class(es) and maximum number of securities by which the share reserve is to increase automatically each year pursuant to Section 3(a); (iii) the class(es) and number of securities subject to, and the purchase price applicable to, outstanding Offerings and Purchase Rights; and (iv) the class(es) and number of securities that are the subject of the purchase limits under each ongoing Offering. The Board will make these adjustments, and its determination will be final, binding and conclusive.
(b) In the event of a Corporate Transaction, (i) any surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) may assume or continue outstanding Purchase Rights or may substitute similar rights (including a right to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the Corporate Transaction) for outstanding Purchase Rights, or (ii) if any surviving or acquiring corporation (or its parent company) does not assume or continue outstanding Purchase Rights or does not substitute similar rights for outstanding Purchase Rights, then the Participants accumulated Contributions will be used to purchase shares of Common Stock within ten (10) business days prior to the Corporate Transaction under such Purchase Rights, and such Purchase Rights will terminate immediately after such purchase.
12. A MENDMENT , S USPENSION OR T ERMINATION OF THE P LAN .
(a) The Board may amend the Plan at any time in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable. However, except as provided in Section 11(a) relating to Capitalization Adjustments, stockholder approval will be required for any amendment of the Plan for which stockholder approval is required by applicable law or listing requirements.
(b) The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. No Purchase Rights may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.
(c) Any benefits, privileges, entitlements and obligations under any outstanding Purchase Rights granted before an amendment, suspension or termination of the Plan will not be materially impaired by any such amendment, suspension or termination except (i) with the consent of the person to whom such Purchase Rights were granted, (ii) as necessary to comply with any laws, listing requirements, or governmental regulations (including, without limitation, the provisions of Section 423 of the Code and the regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder relating to Employee Stock Purchase Plans) including, without limitation, any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued or amended after the Adoption Date, or (iii) as necessary to obtain or maintain favorable tax, listing, or regulatory treatment. To be clear, the Board may amend outstanding Purchase Rights without a Participants consent if such amendment is necessary to ensure that the Purchase Right and/or the Plan complies with the requirements of Section 423 of the Code.
Notwithstanding anything in the Plan or any Offering Document to the contrary, the Board will be entitled to: (i) establish the exchange ratio applicable to amounts withheld in a currency other than U.S. dollars; (ii) permit Contributions in excess of the amount designated by a Participant in order to adjust for mistakes in the Companys processing of properly completed Contribution elections; (iii) establish reasonable waiting and adjustment periods and/or accounting and crediting procedures to ensure that amounts applied toward the purchase of Common Stock for each Participant properly correspond with amounts withheld from the Participants Contributions; (iv) amend any outstanding Purchase Rights or clarify any ambiguities regarding the terms of any Offering to enable the Purchase Rights to qualify under and/or comply with Section 423 of the Code; and (v) establish other limitations or procedures as the Board determines in its sole discretion advisable that are consistent with the Plan. The actions of the Board pursuant to this paragraph will not be considered to alter or impair any Purchase Rights granted under an Offering as they are part of the initial terms of each Offering and the Purchase Rights granted under each Offering.
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13. E FFECTIVE D ATE OF P LAN .
The Plan will become effective on the Effective Date. No Purchase Rights will be exercised unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, which approval must be within 12 months before or after the Adoption Date (or if required under Section 12(a), the date of any material amendment of the Plan).
14. M ISCELLANEOUS P ROVISIONS .
(a) Proceeds from the sale of shares of Common Stock pursuant to Purchase Rights will constitute general funds of the Company.
(b) A Participant will not be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, shares of Common Stock subject to Purchase Rights unless and until the Participants shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of Purchase Rights are recorded in the books of the Company (or its transfer agent).
(c) The Plan and Offering do not constitute an employment contract. Nothing in the Plan or in the Offering will in any way alter the at will nature of a Participants employment or be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on the part of any Participant to continue in the employ of the Company or a Related Corporation, or on the part of the Company or a Related Corporation to continue the employment of a Participant.
(d) The provisions of the Plan will be governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without resort to that states conflicts of laws rules.
15. D EFINITIONS .
As used in the Plan, the following definitions will apply to the capitalized terms indicated below:
(a) Adoption Date means January , 2018, which is the date the Plan was adopted by the Board.
(b) Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(c) Capitalization Adjustment means any change that is made in, or other events that occur with respect to, the Common Stock subject to the Plan or subject to any Purchase Right after the Adoption Date without the receipt of consideration by the Company through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, large nonrecurring cash dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other similar equity restructuring transaction, as that term is used in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 (or any successor thereto). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the conversion of any convertible securities of the Company will not be treated as a Capitalization Adjustment.
(d) Capital Stock means each and every class of common stock of the Company, regardless of the number of votes per share.
(e) Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, including any applicable regulations and guidance thereunder .
(f) Committee means a committee of one (1) or more members of the Board to whom authority has been delegated by the Board in accordance with Section 2(c).
(g) Common Stock means the Class A common stock of the Company.
(h) Company means Forum Merger Corporation, a Delaware corporation.
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(i) Contributions means the payroll deductions and other additional payments specifically provided for in the Offering that a Participant contributes to fund the exercise of a Purchase Right. A Participant may make additional payments into his or her account if specifically provided for in the Offering, and then only if the Participant has not already had the maximum permitted amount withheld during the Offering through payroll deductions.
(j) Corporate Transaction means the consummation, in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions, of any one or more of the following events:
(i) a sale or other disposition of all or substantially all, as determined by the Board in its sole discretion, of the consolidated assets of the Company and its Subsidiaries;
(ii) a sale or other disposition of at least fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding securities of the Company;
(iii) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is not the surviving corporation; or
(iv) a merger, consolidation or similar transaction following which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger, consolidation or similar transaction are converted or exchanged by virtue of the merger, consolidation or similar transaction into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise.
(k) Director means a member of the Board.
(l) Effective Date means the effective date of this Plan, which is the date of the closing of the transactions contemplated by the Agreement and Plan of Merger among the Company, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., and C1 Investment Corp., dated as of November 30, 2017, provided that this Plan is approved by the Companys stockholders on or prior to such date.
(m) Eligible Employee means an Employee who meets the requirements set forth in the document(s) governing the Offering for eligibility to participate in the Offering, provided that such Employee also meets the requirements for eligibility to participate set forth in the Plan.
(n) Employee means any person, including an Officer or Director, who is employed for purposes of Section 423(b)(4) of the Code by the Company or a Related Corporation. However, service solely as a Director, or payment of a fee for such services, will not cause a Director to be considered an Employee for purposes of the Plan.
(o) Employee Stock Purchase Plan means a plan that grants Purchase Rights intended to be options issued under an employee stock purchase plan, as that term is defined in Section 423(b) of the Code.
(p) Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(q) Fair Market Value means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:
(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on any established market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock will be, unless otherwise determined by the Board, the closing sales price for such stock as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the date of determination, as reported in a source the Board deems reliable.
(ii) Unless otherwise provided by the Board, if there is no closing sales price for the Common Stock on the date of determination, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock will be the closing sales price for such stock on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists.
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(iii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock will be determined by the Board in good faith in compliance with applicable laws and in a manner that complies with Section 409A of the Code.
(r) Offering means the grant to Eligible Employees of Purchase Rights, with the exercise of those Purchase Rights automatically occurring at the end of one or more Purchase Periods. The terms and conditions of an Offering will generally be set forth in the Offering Document approved by the Board for that Offering.
(s) Offering Date means a date selected by the Board for an Offering to commence.
(t) Officer means a person who is an officer of the Company or a Related Corporation within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.
(u) Participant means an Eligible Employee who holds an outstanding Purchase Right.
(v) Plan means this Forum Merger Corporation 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
(w) Purchase Date means one or more dates during an Offering selected by the Board on which Purchase Rights will be exercised and on which purchases of shares of Common Stock will be carried out in accordance with such Offering.
(x) Purchase Period means a period of time specified within an Offering, generally beginning on the Offering Date or on the first Trading Day following a Purchase Date and ending on a Purchase Date. An Offering may consist of one or more Purchase Periods.
(y) Purchase Right means an option to purchase shares of Common Stock granted pursuant to the Plan.
(z) Related Corporation means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation of the Company whether now or subsequently established, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.
(aa) Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(bb) Subsidiary means, with respect to the Company, (i) any corporation of which more than fifty percent (50%) of the outstanding capital stock having ordinary voting power to elect a majority of the board of directors of such corporation (irrespective of whether, at the time, stock of any other class or classes of such corporation will have or might have voting power by reason of the happening of any contingency) is at the time, directly or indirectly, Owned by the Company, and (ii) any partnership, limited liability company or other entity in which the Company has a direct or indirect interest (whether in the form of voting or participation in profits or capital contribution) of more than fifty percent (50%). For purposes of the foregoing clause (i), the Company will be deemed to Own or have Owned such securities if the Company, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares voting power, which includes the power to vote or to direct the voting, with respect to such securities.
(cc) Trading Day means any day on which the exchange(s) or market(s) on which shares of Common Stock are listed (including, but not limited to, the NYSE, the Nasdaq Global Select Market, the Nasdaq Global Market, the Nasdaq Capital Market or any successors thereto) is open for trading.
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Fairness Opinion
LETTERHEAD OF CASSEL SALPETER & CO., LLC
November 26, 2017
Forum Merger Corporation
135 East 57th Street, 8th Floor
New York, NY 10022
Attention: The Board of Directors
Members of the Board of Directors:
We have been advised that Forum Merger Corporation (the Company) intends to enter into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the Merger Agreement), by and among the Company, FMC Merger Subsidiary Corp., a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (Merger Sub I), FMC Merger Subsidiary LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company (Merger Sub II, and together with Merger Sub I, the Merger Subs), Clearlake Capital Management III, L.P., in its capacity as the Seller Representative, and C1 Investment Corp. (Target). We have been further advised that pursuant to the Merger Agreement, among other things, (i) Merger Sub I will merge with and into Target (the First Merger), with Target as the surviving company in the First Merger, (ii) as part of the same overall transaction as the First Merger, the surviving company in Merger One will merge with and into Merger Sub II (the Second Merger, and together with the First Merger, the Mergers), and (iii) all of the outstanding capital stock, options and warrants of Target shall automatically be cancelled and cease to exist in exchange for the rights to receive an aggregate amount (the Merger Consideration) equal to $1,137,000,000, less the Closing Indebtedness, plus the Closing Cash, plus the Net Acquisition Amount, if any, paid in the form of cash in an amount equal to cash and cash equivalents of the Company, including funds from the PIPE Investment and Backstop Investment and the remaining funds in the Companys Trust Account, after giving effect to the completion of the Redemption, plus the Permitted Closing Cash, minus $25,000,000 (the Cash Consideration) and a number of shares of Company Class A common stock, valued at the Redemption Price per share, equal to the Merger Consideration less the Cash Consideration (the Stock Consideration) and, the contingent right to receive up to an additional $99,000,000 in cash and 9,900,000 additional shares of Class A common stock of the Company (the Earn-out Payments and together with the Merger Consideration, the Total Consideration). We have also been advised that prior to the closing of the Mergers, the Company will raise at least $125,000,000 in cash by selling shares of its Class A common stock for $8.00 per share (the PIPE Investment) and enter into certain Backstop Agreements. Capitalized terms used herein, but not defined herein, shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Merger Agreement.
You have requested that Cassel Salpeter & Co., LLC render an opinion (this Opinion) to the Board of Directors of the Company (the Board) as to whether, as of the date of this Opinion, (i) the Total Consideration to be issued in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company and (ii) Target has a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of funds in the Companys trust account (the Trust Fund).
In arriving at this Opinion, we have made such reviews, analyses, and inquiries as we have deemed necessary and appropriate under the circumstances. Among other things, we have:
| Reviewed a draft, dated November 25, 2017, of the Merger Agreement. |
| Reviewed certain publicly available financial information and other data with respect to the Company that we deemed relevant. |
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The Board of Directors
Forum Merger Corporation
November 26, 2017
Page 2 of 6
| Reviewed certain other information and data with respect to the Company and Target made available to us by the Company and the Target, including the audited financial statements of Target for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016, the unaudited financial statements of Target for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, selected pro forma unaudited financial information of Target for the twelve months ended September 30, 2017 (the Pro Forma Historical), selected pro forma financial information of Target for the twelve months ending December 31, 2017 (the Pro Forma 2017, and together with the Pro forma Historical, the Pro Forma Financials), and selected projected financial information of Target for the years ending December 31, 2018 through 2020 (the Limited Projections). |
| Reviewed the minimum EBITDA targets using the Measurement Methodologies for any applicable Measurement Date occurring within the respective calendar years 2018, 2019, and 2020 which must be met for the Targets securityholders to receive the Earnout Consideration (the EBITDA Targets) |
| Considered and compared the financial and operating performance of the Target with that of companies with publicly traded equity securities that we deemed relevant. |
| Considered the publicly available financial terms of certain transactions that we deemed relevant. |
| Compared the implied enterprise value reference ranges of Target to the balance, as provided by Company management, in the Companys Trust Fund. |
| Discussed the business, operations, and prospects of the Company and Target and the proposed Merger with the Companys and Targets management and certain of the Companys and Targets representatives. |
| Conducted such other analyses and inquiries, and considered such other information and factors as we deemed appropriate. |
For purposes of our analysis and this Opinion we have assumed, at your direction, that the Cash Consideration will be $274,000,000 and the Stock Consideration will be 39,800,000 shares of Class A common stock of the Company valued at $10.13 per share. In addition, for purposes of our analysis and this Opinion we have, with your consent, evaluated whether, as of the date of this Opinion, Target has a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the Trust Fund solely upon the basis of a comparison of the implied enterprise value reference range indicated by our financial analysis with the balance of the Trust Fund, which you have advised us and we, for purposes of our analysis and this Opinion, with your consent, have assumed does not and shall not exceed $174,964,734. We have in addition assumed, for purposes of our analysis and this Opinion, at the direction of the Companys management that the liquidation value per share of Company Class A common stock is equal to $10.13 (the Per Share Liquidation Value) and is the fair market value of such shares and a reasonable basis upon which to evaluate the Company Class A common stock and the Company.
This Opinion only addresses whether, as of the date hereof, (i) the Total Consideration to be issued in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company and (ii) Target has a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the Trust Fund. We have not considered and this Opinion does not address any other terms, aspects, or implications of the Mergers or the Merger Agreement, including, without limitation, (i) any term or aspect of the Mergers that is not susceptible to financial analyses, (ii) other than assuming the consummations thereof prior to the Transaction, the PIPE Investment and the Backstop Agreements, (iii) the redemption obligations of the Company under its organizational documents (the Redemption), (iv) the fairness of the Mergers, or all or any portion of the Total Consideration, to any other security holders of the Company, Target or any other person or any creditors or other constituencies of the
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The Board of Directors
Forum Merger Corporation
November 26, 2017
Page 3 of 6
Company, Target or any other person, (v) the appropriate capital structure of the Company or Target or whether the Company should be issuing debt or equity securities or a combination of both in the Mergers, (vi) any capital raising or financing transaction contemplated by the Company or Target, nor (vii) the fairness of the amount or nature, or any other aspect, of any compensation or consideration payable to or received by any officers, directors, or employees of any parties to the Mergers or any class of such persons, relative to the Total Consideration in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement, or otherwise or of any other agreements or other arrangements entered into in connection with, or contemplated by the Merger Agreement including, without limitation, the Voting Agreement, the Pipe Agreements, or the Backstop Agreements to be entered into in connection with the Mergers. We are not expressing any opinion as to what the value of shares of the Companys Class A common stock actually will be when issued to the holders of Targets securities pursuant to the Mergers or the prices at which shares of the Companys Class A common stock may trade, be purchased or sold at any time, and we make no representation or warranty regarding the adequacy of this Opinion or the analyses underlying this Opinion for the purpose of the Companys compliance with the terms of its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the rules of any securities exchange or any other general or particular purpose.
We were not requested to, nor did we, seek alternative candidates for a transaction with the Company. This Opinion does not address the relative merits of the Mergers as compared to any alternative transaction or business strategy that might exist for the Company, including the liquidation of the Trust or any Redemption, or the merits of the underlying decision by the Board or the Company to engage in or consummate the Mergers. The structuring of the Mergers and the financial and other terms of the Mergers were determined pursuant to negotiations between the parties to the Merger Agreement without our participation and were not determined by or pursuant to any recommendation from us.
In arriving at this Opinion, we have, with your consent, relied upon and assumed, without independently verifying, the accuracy and completeness of all of the financial and other information that was supplied or otherwise made available to, or discussed with, us or available from public sources, and we have further relied upon the assurances of the Companys and Targets management that they were not aware of any facts or circumstances that would make any such information inaccurate or misleading. We also have relied upon, without independent verification, the assessments of the management of the Company and Target as to Targets existing and future technology, products, projects, and services (including, without limitation, the development, testing, marketing, and life of such technology, products, projects, and services), and we have assumed, at your direction, that there will be no developments with respect to any such matters that would adversely affect our analysis and this Opinion. We are not legal, tax, accounting, environmental, or regulatory advisors and, we do not express any views or opinions as to the tax treatment that will be required to be applied to the Mergers or any legal, tax, accounting, environmental, or regulatory matters relating to the Company, Target, the Mergers, or otherwise. We have relied as to all legal, tax and accounting matters on advice of the Companys management and its third-party legal, tax and accounting advisors. We understand and have assumed that the Company has obtained or will obtain such advice as it deems necessary or appropriate from qualified legal, tax, accounting, environmental, regulatory, and other professionals.
You have also advised us and we have with your consent assumed that the Pro forma Financials and the Limited Projections constitute the Targets financial reports and projections for the periods indicated and were reasonably prepared on a basis reflecting the best currently available estimates and judgments of management of Target with respect to the future financial performance of the Target, and that such information provides a reasonable basis upon which to analyze and evaluate Target and form an opinion. We express no view with respect to the Pro Forma Financials, Limited Projections, EBITDA Targets, or Measurement Methodologies, or the assumptions on
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The Board of Directors
Forum Merger Corporation
November 26, 2017
Page 4 of 6
which they are based. In that regard, we have assumed, with your consent, that the EBITDA Targets shall be achieved at the amounts and at the times contemplated. Neither you nor Target provided us with any projections of future financial performance or operating results to review in connection with our preparation of this Opinion, other than the Limited Projections. We have not evaluated the solvency or creditworthiness of the Company, Target or any other party to the Merger, the fair value of the Company, Target or any of their respective assets or liabilities, or whether the Company or Target or any other party to the Merger is paying or receiving reasonably equivalent value in the Mergers under any applicable foreign, state, or federal laws relating to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, or similar matters, nor have we evaluated, in any way, the ability of the Company, Target or any other party to the Mergers to pay their obligations when they come due. We have not physically inspected the Companys, Targets properties or facilities and have not made or obtained any evaluations or appraisals of the Companys or Targets assets or liabilities, (including any contingent, derivative, or off-balance-sheet assets and liabilities). We have not attempted to confirm whether the Company and Target have good title to their respective assets. We have assumed that all material assets and liabilities (contingent on otherwise) of the Company and Target are as set forth in the financial statements and information provided to us or that were publicly available. Our role in reviewing any information was limited solely to performing such reviews as we deemed necessary to support our own advice and analysis and was not on behalf of the Board, the Company, or any other party.
We have assumed, with your consent, that the Mergers will be consummated in a manner that complies in all respects with applicable foreign, federal, state, and local laws, rules, and regulations and that, in the course of obtaining any regulatory or third party consents, approvals, or agreements in connection with the Mergers, no delay, limitation, restriction, or condition will be imposed that would have an adverse effect on the Company, its stockholders, Target, the Mergers or the expected benefits of the Mergers. We also have assumed, with your consent, that the final executed forms of the Agreement and all ancillary agreements will not differ in any material respect from the drafts we have reviewed and that the Mergers will be consummated on the terms set forth in the Merger Agreement without waiver, modification, or amendment of any term, condition, or agreement thereof that is material to our analyses or this Opinion. Without limitation to the foregoing, with your consent, we have further assumed that any adjustments to the Total Consideration in accordance with the Merger Agreement or otherwise would not be material to our analysis or this Opinion. We have also assumed that the representations and warranties of the parties to the Merger Agreement contained therein are true and correct and that each such party will perform all of the covenants and agreements to be performed by it under the Merger Agreement. We offer no opinion as to the contractual terms of the Merger Agreement or the likelihood that the conditions to the consummation of the Mergers set forth in the Merger Agreement will be satisfied. We have not been asked and offer no opinion as to whether the criteria for the Earnout Payments will be met. We have further assumed that for U.S. federal tax income purposes the Mergers shall qualify as a plan of reorganization within the meaning of Section 368 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
Our analysis and this Opinion are necessarily based upon market, economic, and other conditions as they exist on, and could be evaluated as of, the date hereof. Accordingly, although subsequent developments may arise that would otherwise affect this Opinion, we do not assume any obligation to update, review, or reaffirm this Opinion to you or any other person or otherwise to comment on or consider events occurring or coming to our attention after the date hereof.
This Opinion is addressed to the Board for the use and benefit of the members of the Board in their capacities as such) in connection with the Boards evaluation of the Mergers. This Opinion is not intended to and does not constitute advice or a recommendation to any of the Companys stockholders or any other security holders as to how such holder should vote or act with respect to any matter relating to the Mergers or otherwise, including as
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The Board of Directors
Forum Merger Corporation
November 26, 2017
Page 5 of 6
to whether a stockholder should exercise its redemption rights to receive its pro rata portion of the Trust Fund and participate in the Redemption.
We will receive a fee for rendering this Opinion, no portion of which is contingent upon the completion of the Mergers. In accordance with our policies and procedures, a fairness committee was not required to, and did not, approve the issuance of this Opinion.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, it is our opinion that, as of the date of this Opinion, (i) the Total Consideration to be issued in the Mergers pursuant to the Merger Agreement is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company and (ii) Target has a fair market value equal to at least 80% of the balance of the Trust Fund.
Very truly yours,
/s/ Cassel Salpeter & Co., LLC
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PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
Item 20. | Indemnification of Directors and Officers. |
Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a court to award, or a corporations board of directors to grant, indemnity to directors and officers in terms sufficiently broad to permit such indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities, including reimbursement for expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act.
Forums amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides for indemnification of its directors, officers, employees and other agents to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, and Forums bylaws provide for indemnification of its directors, officers, employees and other agents to the maximum extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law.
In addition, effective upon the consummation of the Business Combination, as defined in Part I of this registration statement, Forum has entered or will enter into indemnification agreements with directors, officers, and some employees containing provisions which are in some respects broader than the specific indemnification provisions contained in the Delaware General Corporation Law. The indemnification agreements will require Forum, among other things, to indemnify its directors against certain liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors and to advance their expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified.
Item 21. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules. |
(a) | The following exhibits are filed as part of this Registration Statement: |
EXHIBIT INDEX
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II-2
II-3
II-4
II-5
Incorporated by Reference |
||||||||||
Exhibit
|
Description of Document |
Schedule/Form |
File Number |
Exhibits |
Filing Date |
|||||
99.6 | Consent of Christopher Jurasek to be named as director | Form S-4 | 333-221848 | 99.6 | January 26, 2018 | |||||
99.7 | Consent of Prashant Mehrotra to be named as director | Form S-4 | 333-221848 | 99.7 | January 26, 2018 | |||||
99.8 | Consent of James Pade to be named as director | Form S-4 | 333-221848 | 99.8 | January 26, 2018 | |||||
99.9 | Consent of Timothy J. Pawlenty to be named as director | Form S-4 | 333-221848 | 99.9 | January 26, 2018 | |||||
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document | |||||||||
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | |||||||||
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||||||||
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | |||||||||
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document | |||||||||
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
* | The annexes, schedules, and certain exhibits to the Agreement and Plan of Merger have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. Forum hereby agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted annex, schedule or exhibit to the Commission upon request. |
| Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan, contract or arrangement. |
| Confidential treatment has been requested for certain provisions omitted from this Exhibit pursuant to Rule 406 promulgated under the Securities Act. The omitted information has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Item 22. | Undertakings. |
(a) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes as follows: |
(1) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
i. | To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; |
ii. | To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement; |
iii. | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. |
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(2) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(3) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
(4) | That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. |
(5) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser: |
i. | Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424; |
ii. | Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned registrant; |
iii. | The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned registrant; and |
iv. | Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned registrant to the purchaser. |
(6) | That prior to any public reoffering of the securities registered hereunder through use of a prospectus which is a part of this registration statement, by any person or party who is deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of Rule 145(c), the issuer undertakes that such reoffering prospectus will contain the information called for by the applicable registration form with respect to reofferings by persons who may be deemed underwriters, in addition to the information called for by the other items of the applicable form. |
(7) | That every prospectus: (i) that is filed pursuant to the immediately preceding paragraph, or (ii) that purports to meet the requirements of Section 10(a)(3) of the Act and is used in connection with an offering of securities subject to Rule 415, will be filed as a part of an amendment to the registration statement and will not be used until such amendment is effective, and that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
II-7
(8) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the undersigned pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the undersigned has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the undersigned of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the undersigned in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the undersigned will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
(b) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to respond to requests for information that is incorporated by reference into the prospectus pursuant to Item 4, 10(b), 11, or 13 of this form, within one business day of receipt of such request, and to send the incorporated documents by first class mail or other equally prompt means. This includes information contained in documents filed subsequent to the effective date of the registration statement through the date of responding to the request. |
(c) | The undersigned registrant hereby undertakes to supply by means of a post-effective amendment all information concerning a transaction, and the company being acquired involved therein, that was not the subject of and included in the registration statement when it became effective. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized in the City of New York, State of New York, on February 1, 2018.
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION | ||
By: |
/ S / D AVID B ORIS |
|
David Boris Co-Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Vice-President and Director |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
||
/ S / S TEPHEN A. V OGEL Stephen A. Vogel |
Executive Chairman |
February 1, 2018 |
||
/ S / M ARSHALL K IEV Marshall Kiev |
Co-Chief Executive Officer, President and Director ( Principal Executive Officer ) |
February 1, 2018 |
||
/ S / D AVID B ORIS David Boris |
Co-Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Vice-President and Director ( Principal Financial and Accounting Officer ) |
February 1, 2018 |
||
* Jerry Elliott |
Director |
February 1, 2018 |
||
* Neil Goldberg |
Director |
February 1, 2018 |
||
* Richard Katzman |
Director |
February 1, 2018 |
||
* Steven Berns |
Director |
February 1, 2018 |
*By: |
/ S / D AVID B ORIS |
|
David Boris | ||
Attorney-In-Fact |
Exhibit 3.5
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
CONVERGEONE HOLDINGS, INC.
(A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
CONVERGEONE HOLDINGS, INC.
(A DELAWARE CORPORATION)
ARTICLE I
OFFICES
Section 1. Registered Office . The registered office of the corporation in the State of Delaware shall be in the City of Wilmington, County of New Castle.
Section 2. Other Offices. The corporation shall also have and maintain an office or principal place of business at such place as may be fixed by the Board of Directors, and may also have offices at such other places, both within and without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the corporation may require.
ARTICLE II
CORPORATE SEAL
Section 3. Corporate Seal. The Board of Directors may adopt a corporate seal. If adopted, the corporate seal shall consist of a die bearing the name of the corporation and the inscription, Corporate Seal-Delaware. Said seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.
ARTICLE III
STOCKHOLDERS MEETINGS
Section 4. Place of Meetings. Meetings of the stockholders of the corporation may be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as provided under the Delaware General Corporation Law ( DGCL ).
Section 5. Annual Meeting .
(a) The annual meeting of the stockholders of the corporation, for the purpose of election of directors and for such other business as may properly come before it, shall be held on such date and at such time as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the corporation and the proposal of business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders: (i) pursuant to the corporations notice of meeting of stockholders (with respect to business other than nominations); (ii) brought specifically by or at the direction of the Board of Directors; or (iii) by any stockholder of the corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving the stockholders notice provided for in Section 5(b) below, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in Section 5. For the avoidance of doubt, clause (iii) above shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations and submit other business (other than matters properly included in the corporations notice of meeting of stockholders and proxy statement under Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations thereunder (the 1934 Act )) before an annual meeting of stockholders.
(b) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as is a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law and as shall have been properly brought before the meeting.
(1) For nominations for the election to the Board of Directors to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 5(a), the stockholder must deliver written notice to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(b)(3) and must update and supplement such written notice on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(c). Such stockholders notice shall set forth: (A) as to each nominee such stockholder proposes to nominate at the meeting: (1) the name, age, business address and residence address of such nominee, (2) the principal occupation or employment of such nominee, (3) the class and number of shares of each class of capital stock of the corporation which are owned of record and beneficially by such nominee, (4) the date or dates on which such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition and (5) such other information concerning such nominee as would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement soliciting proxies for the election of such nominee as a director in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or that is otherwise required to be disclosed pursuant to Section 14 of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including such persons written consent to being named as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected); and (B) the information required by Section 5(b)(4). The corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as an independent director of the corporation or that could be material to a reasonable stockholders understanding of the independence, or lack thereof, of such proposed nominee.
(2) Other than proposals sought to be included in the corporations proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14(a)-8 under the 1934 Act, for business other than nominations for the election to the Board of Directors to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder pursuant to clause (iii) of Section 5(a), the stockholder must deliver written notice to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(b)(3), and must update and supplement such written notice on a timely basis as set forth in Section 5(c). Such stockholders notice shall set forth: (A) as to each matter such stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting, and any material interest (including any anticipated benefit of such business to any Proponent (as defined below) other than solely as a result of its ownership of the corporations capital stock, that is material to any Proponent individually, or to the Proponents in the aggregate) in such business of any Proponent; and (B) the information required by Section 5(b)(4).
(3) To be timely, the written notice required by Section 5(b)(1) or 5(b)(2) must be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth (90 th ) day nor earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120 th ) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting; provided, however, that, subject to the last sentence of this Section 5(b)(3), in the event that the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than thirty (30) days prior to or delayed by more than thirty (30) days after the anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth (120 th ) day prior to such annual meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. In no event shall an adjournment or a postponement of an annual meeting for which notice has been given, or the public announcement thereof has been made, commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholders notice as described above.
(4) The written notice required by Section 5(b)(1) or 5(b)(2) shall also set forth, as of the date of the notice and as to the stockholder giving the notice and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (each, a Proponent and collectively, the Proponents ): (A) the name and address of each Proponent, as they appear on the corporations books; (B) the class, series and number of shares of the corporation that are owned beneficially and of record by
each Proponent; (C) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (whether oral or in writing) with respect to such nomination or proposal between or among any Proponent and any of its affiliates or associates, and any others (including their names) acting in concert, or otherwise under the agreement, arrangement or understanding, with any of the foregoing; (D) a representation that the Proponents are holders of record or beneficial owners, as the case may be, of shares of the corporation entitled to vote at the meeting and intend to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(1)) or to propose the business that is specified in the notice (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(2)); (E) a representation as to whether the Proponents intend to deliver a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of a sufficient number of holders of the corporations voting shares to elect such nominee or nominees (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(1)) or to carry such proposal (with respect to a notice under Section 5(b)(2)); (F) to the extent known by any Proponent, the name and address of any other stockholder supporting the proposal on the date of such stockholders notice; and (G) a description of all Derivative Transactions (as defined below) by each Proponent during the previous twelve (12) month period, including the date of the transactions and the class, series and number of securities involved in, and the material economic terms of, such Derivative Transactions.
(5) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 5(b), for so long as one or more funds managed by, and/or affiliates of, Clearlake Capital Group, L.P. (collectively, Clearlake ) holds or beneficially owns a majority of the voting power of all then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Company entitled to vote generally at an election of directors (such period, the Control Period ), Clearlake shall not be subject to the notice procedures set forth in subparagraphs (1), (2) or (3) of this Section 5(b) with respect to any annual or special meeting of stockholders.
(c) A stockholder providing written notice required by Section 5(b)(1) or (ii) shall update and supplement such notice in writing, if necessary, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice is true and correct in all material respects as of (i) the record date for the meeting and (ii) the date that is five (5) business days prior to the meeting and, in the event of any adjournment or postponement thereof, five (5) business days prior to such adjourned or postponed meeting. In the case of an update and supplement pursuant to clause (i) of this Section 5(c), such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for the meeting. In the case of an update and supplement pursuant to clause (ii) of this Section 5(c), such update and supplement shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than two (2) business days prior to the date for the meeting, and, in the event of any adjournment or postponement thereof, two (2) business days prior to such adjourned or postponed meeting.
(d) Notwithstanding anything in Section 5(b)(3) to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors in an Expiring Class is increased and there is no public announcement of the appointment of a director to such class, or, if no appointment was made, of the vacancy in such class, made by the corporation at least ten (10) days before the last day a stockholder may deliver a notice of nomination in accordance with Section 5(b)(3), a stockholders notice required by this Section 5 and which complies with the requirements in Section 5(b)(1), other than the timing requirements in Section 5(b)(3), shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions in such Expiring Class created by such increase, if it shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which such public announcement is first made by the corporation. For purposes of this section, an Expiring Class shall mean a class of directors whose term shall expire at the next annual meeting of stockholders.
(e) A person shall not be eligible for election or re-election as a director unless the person is nominated either in accordance with clause (ii) of Section 5(a), or in accordance with clause (iii) of Section 5(a). Except as otherwise required by law, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power and duty to determine whether a nomination or any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made, or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set forth in these Bylaws and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance with these Bylaws, or the
Proponent does not act in accordance with the representations in Sections 5(b)(4)(D) and 5(b)(4)(E), to declare that such proposal or nomination shall not be presented for stockholder action at the meeting and shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such nominations or such business may have been solicited or received.
(f) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 5, in order to include information with respect to a stockholder proposal in the proxy statement and form of proxy for a stockholders meeting, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder. Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporations proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to proposals and/or nominations to be considered pursuant to Section 5(a)(iii).
(g) For purposes of Sections 5 and 6,
(1) affiliates and associates shall have the meanings set forth in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the 1933 Act);
(2) Derivative Transaction means any agreement, arrangement, interest or understanding entered into by, or on behalf or for the benefit of, any Proponent or any of its affiliates or associates, whether record or beneficial: (A) the value of which is derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares or other securities of the corporation, (B) which otherwise provides any direct or indirect opportunity to gain or share in any gain derived from a change in the value of securities of the corporation, (C) the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss, manage risk or benefit of security value or price changes, or (D) which provides the right to vote or increase or decrease the voting power of, such Proponent, or any of its affiliates or associates, with respect to any securities of the corporation, which agreement, arrangement, interest or understanding may include, without limitation, any option, warrant, debt position, note, bond, convertible security, swap, stock appreciation right, short position, profit interest, hedge, right to dividends, voting agreement, performance-related fee or arrangement to borrow or lend shares (whether or not subject to payment, settlement, exercise or conversion in any such class or series), and any proportionate interest of such Proponent in the securities of the corporation held by any general or limited partnership, or any limited liability company, of which such Proponent is, directly or indirectly, a general partner or managing member; and
(3) public announcement shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or comparable national news service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act.
Section 6. Special Meetings .
(a) Special meetings of the stockholders of the corporation may be called, for any purpose as is a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law, by (i) the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, (ii) the Chief Executive Officer, (iii) the Board of Directors pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the total number of authorized directors (whether or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships at the time any such resolution is presented to the Board of Directors for adoption), or (iv) during the Control Period, one or more stockholders that in the aggregate hold a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally at an election of directors.
(b) The Board of Directors shall determine the time and place, if any, of such special meeting. Upon determination of the time and place, if any, of the meeting, the Secretary shall cause a notice of meeting to be given to the stockholders entitled to vote, in accordance with the provisions of Section 7. No business may be transacted at such special meeting otherwise than specified in the notice of meeting.
(c) Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or (ii) by any stockholder of the corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving notice provided for in this paragraph, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting and who delivers written notice to the Secretary of the corporation setting forth the information required by Section 5(b)(1). In the event the corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, any such stockholder of record may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be), for election to such position(s) as specified in the corporations notice of meeting, if written notice setting forth the information required by Section 5(b)(1) of these Bylaws shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth (90 th ) day prior to such meeting or the tenth (10 th ) day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. The stockholder shall also update and supplement such information as required under Section 5(c). In no event shall an adjournment or a postponement of a special meeting for which notice has been given, or the public announcement thereof has been made, commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholders notice as described above.
(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 6, a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the 1934 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to matters set forth in this Section 6. Nothing in these Bylaws shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the corporations proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the 1934 Act; provided, however, that any references in these Bylaws to the 1934 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder are not intended to and shall not limit the requirements applicable to nominations for the election to the Board of Directors to be considered pursuant to Section 6(c) of these Bylaws.
Section 7. Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, notice, given in writing or by electronic transmission, of each meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting, such notice to specify the place, if any, date and hour, in the case of special meetings, the purpose or purposes of the meeting, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at any such meeting. If mailed, notice is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholders address as it appears on the records of the corporation. Notice of the time, place, if any, and purpose of any meeting of stockholders may be waived in writing, signed by the person entitled to notice thereof or by electronic transmission by such person, either before or after such meeting, and will be waived by any stockholder by his or her attendance thereat in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by proxy, except when the stockholder attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Any stockholder so waiving notice of such meeting shall be bound by the proceedings of any such meeting in all respects as if due notice thereof had been given.
Section 8. Quorum. At all meetings of stockholders, except where otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation, or by these Bylaws, the presence, in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by proxy duly authorized, of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned, from time to time, either by the chairperson of the meeting or by vote of the holders of a majority of voting power of the shares represented thereat, but no other business shall be transacted at such meeting. The stockholders present at a duly called or convened meeting, at which a quorum is present, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum. Except as otherwise provided by statute or by applicable stock exchange rules, or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, in all matters other than the election of directors, the affirmative vote of the majority of the voting power of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy duly authorized at the meeting and entitled to vote generally on the subject matter shall be the act of the stockholders. Except as otherwise provided by
statute, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote generally on the election of directors. Where a separate vote by a class or classes or series is required, except where otherwise provided by statute, by applicable stock exchange rules or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares of such class or classes or series, present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy duly authorized, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to that vote on that matter. Except where otherwise provided by statute, by applicable stock exchange rules or by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the affirmative vote of the majority (plurality, in the case of the election of directors) of shares of such class or classes or series present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting shall be the act of such class or classes or series.
Section 9. Adjournment and Notice of Adjourned Meetings. Any meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time either by the chairperson of the meeting or by the vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares present in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or represented by proxy at the meeting. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, if any, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place, if any, thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
Section 10. Voting Rights. For the purpose of determining those stockholders entitled to vote at any meeting of the stockholders, except as otherwise provided by law, only persons in whose names shares stand on the stock records of the corporation on the record date, as provided in Section 12 of these Bylaws, shall be entitled to vote at any meeting of stockholders. Every person entitled to vote shall have the right to do so either in person, by remote communication, if applicable, or by an agent or agents authorized by a proxy granted in accordance with Delaware law. An agent so appointed need not be a stockholder. No proxy shall be voted after three (3) years from its date of creation unless the proxy provides for a longer period.
Section 11. Joint Owners of Stock. If shares or other securities having voting power stand of record in the names of two (2) or more persons, whether fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, tenants by the entirety, or otherwise, or if two (2) or more persons have the same fiduciary relationship respecting the same shares, unless the Secretary is given written notice to the contrary and is furnished with a copy of the instrument or order appointing them or creating the relationship wherein it is so provided, their acts with respect to voting shall have the following effect: (a) if only one (1) votes, his or her act binds all; (b) if more than one (1) votes, the act of the majority so voting binds all; (c) if more than one (1) votes, but the vote is evenly split on any particular matter, each faction may vote the securities in question proportionally, or may apply to the Delaware Court of Chancery for relief as provided in the DGCL, Section 217(b). If the instrument filed with the Secretary shows that any such tenancy is held in unequal interests, a majority or even-split for the purpose of subsection (c) shall be a majority or even-split in interest.
Section 12. List of Stockholders. The Secretary shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the corporation. In the event that the corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the corporation. The list shall be open to examination of any stockholder during the time of the meeting as provided by law.
Section 13. Action Without Meeting . No action shall be taken by the stockholders except at an annual or special meeting of stockholders called in accordance with these Bylaws. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, no action shall be taken by the stockholders by written consent or by electronic transmission.
Section 14. Organization .
(a) At every meeting of stockholders, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or, if a Chairperson has not been appointed or is absent, the Chief Executive Officer, or, if the Chief Executive Officer is absent, the President, or, if the President is absent, a chairperson of the meeting chosen by a majority in interest of the stockholders entitled to vote, present in person or by proxy, shall act as chairperson. The Secretary, or, in his or her absence, an Assistant Secretary directed to do so by the Chief Executive Officer or the President, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
(b) The Board of Directors of the corporation shall be entitled to make such rules or regulations for the conduct of meetings of stockholders as it shall deem necessary, appropriate or convenient. Subject to such rules and regulations of the Board of Directors, if any, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the right and authority to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairperson, are necessary, appropriate or convenient for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, establishing an agenda or order of business for the meeting, rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present, limitations on participation in such meeting to stockholders of record of the corporation and their duly authorized and constituted proxies and such other persons as the chairperson shall permit, restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof, limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants and regulation of the opening and closing of the polls for balloting on matters which are to be voted on by ballot. The date and time of the opening and closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at the meeting shall be announced at the meeting. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chairperson of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with rules of parliamentary procedure.
ARTICLE IV
DIRECTORS
Section 15. Number and Term of Office. The authorized number of directors of the corporation shall be fixed in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation. Directors need not be stockholders unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation. If for any cause, the directors shall not have been elected at an annual meeting, they may be elected as soon thereafter as convenient at a special meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose in the manner provided in these Bylaws.
Section 16. Powers. The business and affairs of the corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, except as may be otherwise provided by statute or by the Certificate of Incorporation.
Section 17. Classes of Directors. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, following the adoption of these Bylaws, the directors shall be divided into three classes designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively. The Board of Directors is authorized to assign members of the Board of Directors already in office to such classes at the time the classification becomes effective. At the first annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Bylaws, the term of office of the Class I directors shall expire and Class I directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At the second annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Bylaws, the term of office of the Class II directors shall expire
and Class II directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At the third annual meeting of stockholders following the adoption of these Bylaws, the term of office of the Class III directors shall expire and Class III directors shall be elected for a full term of three years. At each succeeding annual meeting of stockholders, directors shall be elected for a full term of three years to succeed the directors of the class whose terms expire at such annual meeting.
Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 17, each director shall serve until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
Section 18. Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock or as otherwise provided by applicable law, any vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from death, resignation, disqualification, removal or other causes and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the number of directors shall, unless the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by stockholders, be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board of Directors, or by a sole remaining director, and not by the stockholders, provided, however , that whenever the holders of any class or classes of stock or series thereof are entitled to elect one or more directors by the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships of such class or classes or series shall, unless the Board of Directors determines by resolution that any such vacancies or newly created directorships shall be filled by stockholders, be filled by a majority of the directors elected by such class or classes or series thereof then in office, or by a sole remaining director so elected, and not by the stockholders. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the full term of the director for which the vacancy was created or occurred and until such directors successor shall have been elected and qualified. A vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist under this Bylaw in the case of the death, removal or resignation of any director.
Section 19. Resignation. Any director may resign at any time by delivering his or her notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Secretary, such resignation to specify whether it will be effective at a particular time. If no such specification is made, the Secretary, in his or her discretion, may either (a) require confirmation from the director prior to deeming the resignation effective, in which case the resignation will be deemed effective upon receipt of such confirmation, or (b) deem the resignation effective at the time of delivery of the resignation to the Secretary. When one or more directors shall resign from the Board of Directors, effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacated and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
Section 20. Removal. Subject to any limitation imposed by applicable law and to the rights of holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, any individual director or directors may only be removed from office (a) with or without cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, voting together as a single class during the Control Period or (b) with cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all then outstanding shares of capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally at an election of directors, voting together as a single class. Directors shall not be removed without cause pursuant to subsection (b) of this Section 20.
Section 21. Meetings
(a) Regular Meetings. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time or date and at any place within or without the State of Delaware which has been designated by the Board of Directors and
publicized among all directors, either orally or in writing, by telephone, including a voice-messaging system or other system designed to record and communicate messages, facsimile, telegraph or telex, or by electronic mail or other electronic means. No further notice shall be required for regular meetings of the Board of Directors.
(b) Special Meetings. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation, special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place within or without the State of Delaware whenever called by the Chairperson of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or a majority of the authorized number of directors.
(c) Meetings by Electronic Communications Equipment. Any member of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
(d) Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of the time and place of all special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be orally or in writing, by telephone, including a voice messaging system or other system or technology designed to record and communicate messages, facsimile, telegraph or telex, or by electronic mail or other electronic means, during normal business hours, at least twenty-four (24) hours before the date and time of the meeting. If notice is sent by US mail, it shall be sent by first class mail, postage prepaid at least three (3) days before the date of the meeting. Notice of any meeting may be waived in writing or by electronic transmission at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat, except when the director attends the meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.
(e) Waiver of Notice. The transaction of all business at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, however called or noticed, or wherever held, shall be as valid as though it had been transacted at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice, if a quorum be present and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the directors not present who did not receive notice shall sign a written waiver of notice or shall waive notice by electronic transmission. All such waivers shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting.
Section 22. Quorum and Voting .
(a) Unless the Certificate of Incorporation requires a greater number, and except with respect to questions related to indemnification arising under Section 44 for which a quorum shall be one-third of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time, a quorum of the Board of Directors shall consist of a majority of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation; provided, however, at any meeting whether a quorum be present or otherwise, a majority of the directors present may adjourn from time to time until the time fixed for the next regular meeting of the Board of Directors, without notice other than by announcement at the meeting.
(b) At each meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, all questions and business shall be determined by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors present, unless a different vote be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.
Section 23. Action Without Meeting. Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and such writing or writings or transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 24. Fees and Compensation. Directors shall be entitled to such compensation for their services as may be approved by the Board of Directors, including, if so approved, by resolution of the Board of Directors, a fixed sum and expenses of attendance, if any, for attendance at each regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors and at any meeting of a committee of the Board of Directors. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the corporation in any other capacity as an officer, agent, employee, or otherwise and receiving compensation therefor.
Section 25. Committees .
(a) Executive Committee. The Board of Directors may appoint an Executive Committee to consist of one (1) or more members of the Board of Directors. The Executive Committee, to the extent permitted by law and provided in the resolution of the Board of Directors shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, and may authorize the seal of the corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to (i) approving or adopting, or recommending to the stockholders, any action or matter (other than the election or removal of directors) expressly required by the DGCL to be submitted to stockholders for approval, or (ii) adopting, amending or repealing any bylaw of the corporation.
(b) Other Committees. The Board of Directors may, from time to time, appoint such other committees as may be permitted by law. Such other committees appointed by the Board of Directors shall consist of one (1) or more members of the Board of Directors and shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the resolution or resolutions creating such committees, but in no event shall any such committee have the powers denied to the Executive Committee in these Bylaws.
(c) Term. The Board of Directors, subject to any requirements of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock and the provisions of subsections (a) or (b) of this Section 25 may at any time increase or decrease the number of members of a committee or terminate the existence of a committee. The membership of a committee member shall terminate on the date of his death or voluntary resignation from the committee or from the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may at any time for any reason remove any individual committee member and the Board of Directors may fill any committee vacancy created by death, resignation, removal or increase in the number of members of the committee. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, and, in addition, in the absence or disqualification of any member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.
(d) Meetings. Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide, regular meetings of the Executive Committee or any other committee appointed pursuant to this Section 25 shall be held at such times and places as are determined by the Board of Directors, or by any such committee, and when notice thereof has been given to each member of such committee, no further notice of such regular meetings need be given thereafter. Special meetings of any such committee may be held at any place which has been determined from time to time by such committee, and may be called by any director who is a member of such committee, upon notice to the members of such committee of the time and place of such special meeting given in the manner provided for the giving of notice to members of the Board of Directors of the time and place of special meetings of the Board of Directors. Notice of any special meeting of any committee may be waived in writing or by electronic transmission at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat, except when the director attends such special meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors in the resolutions authorizing the creation of the committee, a majority of the authorized number of members of any such committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of those present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee.
Section 26. Duties of Chairperson of the Board of Directors. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors, if appointed and when present, shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
Section 27. Organization. At every meeting of the directors, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or, if a Chairperson has not been appointed or is absent, the Chief Executive Officer (if a director), or, if a Chief Executive Officer is absent, the President (if a director), or if the President is absent, the most senior Vice President (if a director), or, in the absence of any such person, a chairperson of the meeting chosen by a majority of the directors present, shall preside over the meeting. The Secretary, or in his absence, any Assistant Secretary or other officer, director or other person directed to do so by the person presiding over the meeting, shall act as secretary of the meeting.
ARTICLE V
OFFICERS
Section 28. Officers Designated. The officers of the corporation shall include, if and when designated by the Board of Directors, the Chairperson, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, one or more Vice Presidents, the Secretary, the Chief Financial Officer and the Treasurer. The Board of Directors may also appoint one or more Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers and such other officers and agents with such powers and duties as it shall deem necessary. The Board of Directors may assign such additional titles to one or more of the officers as it shall deem appropriate. Any one person may hold any number of offices of the corporation at any one time unless specifically prohibited therefrom by law. The salaries and other compensation of the officers of the corporation shall be fixed by or in the manner designated by the Board of Directors.
Section 29. Tenure and Duties of Officers.
(a) General. All officers shall hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and until their successors shall have been duly elected and qualified, unless sooner removed. Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors. If the office of any officer becomes vacant for any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of Directors.
(b) Duties of Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board of Directors (if a director), unless the Chairperson of the Board of Directors has been appointed and is present. Unless an officer has been appointed Chief Executive Officer of the corporation, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the corporation. To the extent that a Chief Executive Officer has been appointed and no President has been appointed, all references in these Bylaws to the President shall be deemed references to the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
(c) Duties of President. The President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board of Directors (if a director), unless the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or the Chief Executive Officer has been appointed and is present. Unless another officer has been appointed Chief Executive Officer of the corporation, the President shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation and shall, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, have general supervision, direction and control of the business and officers of the corporation. The President shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
(d) Duties of Vice Presidents. A Vice President may assume and perform the duties of the President in the absence or disability of the President or whenever the office of President is vacant. A Vice President shall perform other duties commonly incident to their office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or, if the Chief Executive Officer has not been appointed or is absent, the President shall designate from time to time.
(e) Duties of Secretary. The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and shall record all acts and proceedings thereof in the minute book of the corporation. The Secretary shall give notice in conformity with these Bylaws of all meetings of the stockholders and of all meetings of the Board of Directors and any committee thereof requiring notice. The Secretary shall perform all other duties provided for in these Bylaws and other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers, as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time. The Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President may direct any Assistant Secretary or other officer to assume and perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of the Secretary, and each Assistant Secretary shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time.
(f) Duties of Chief Financial Officer. The Chief Financial Officer shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the corporation in a thorough and proper manner and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President. The Chief Financial Officer, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the corporation. The Chief Financial Officer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time. To the extent that a Chief Financial Officer has been appointed and no Treasurer has been appointed, all references in these Bylaws to the Treasurer shall be deemed references to the Chief Financial Officer. The President may direct the Treasurer, if any, or any Assistant Treasurer, or the controller or any assistant controller to assume and perform the duties of the Chief Financial Officer in the absence or disability of the Chief Financial Officer, and each Treasurer and Assistant Treasurer and each controller and assistant controller shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President shall designate from time to time.
(g) Duties of Treasurer. Unless another officer has been appointed Chief Financial Officer of the corporation, the Treasurer shall be the chief financial officer of the corporation and shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the corporation in a thorough and proper manner and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President, and, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the corporation. The Treasurer shall perform other duties commonly incident to the office and shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President and Chief Financial Officer (if not Treasurer) shall designate from time to time.
Section 30. Delegation of Authority. The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer to any other officer or agent, notwithstanding any provision hereof.
Section 31. Resignations. Any officer may resign at any time by giving notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Board of Directors or to the Chief Executive Officer, or if no Chief Executive Officer is then serving, the President or to the Secretary. Any such resignation shall be effective when received by the person or persons to whom such notice is given, unless a later time is specified therein, in which event the resignation shall become effective at such later time. Unless otherwise specified in such notice, the acceptance of any such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Any resignation shall be without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the corporation under any contract with the resigning officer.
Section 32. Removal. Any officer may be removed from office at any time, either with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors in office at the time, or by the unanimous written consent of the directors in office at the time, or by any committee or by the Chief Executive Officer or by other superior officers upon whom such power of removal may have been conferred by the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE VI
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS AND VOTING
OF SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION
Section 33. Execution of Corporate Instruments. The Board of Directors may, in its discretion, determine the method and designate the signatory officer or officers, or other person or persons, to execute on behalf of the corporation any corporate instrument or document, or to sign on behalf of the corporation the corporate name without limitation, or to enter into contracts on behalf of the corporation, except where otherwise provided by law or these Bylaws, and such execution or signature shall be binding upon the corporation. All checks and drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on funds to the credit of the corporation or in special accounts of the corporation shall be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors shall authorize so to do. Unless authorized or ratified by the Board of Directors or within the agency power of an officer, no officer, agent or employee shall have any power or authority to bind the corporation by any contract or engagement or to pledge its credit or to render it liable for any purpose or for any amount.
Section 34. Voting of Securities Owned by the Corporation. All stock and other securities of other corporations owned or held by the corporation for itself, or for other parties in any capacity, shall be voted, and all proxies with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized so to do by resolution of the Board of Directors, or, in the absence of such authorization, by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, or any Vice President.
ARTICLE VII
SHARES OF STOCK
Section 35. Form and Execution of Certificates. The shares of the corporation shall be represented by certificates, or shall be uncertificated if so provided by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors. Certificates for the shares of stock, if any, shall be in such form as is consistent with the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law. Every holder of stock in the corporation represented by certificate shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the corporation by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or the President or any Vice President and by the Treasurer or Assistant Treasurer or the Secretary or Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be facsimiles. In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue.
Section 36. Lost Certificates. A new certificate or certificates shall be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen, or destroyed. The corporation may require, as a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates, the owner of such lost, stolen, or destroyed certificate or certificates, or the owners legal representative, to agree to indemnify the corporation in such manner as it shall require or to give the corporation a surety bond in such form and amount as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed.
Section 37. Transfers .
(a) Transfers of record of shares of stock of the corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by attorney duly authorized, and, in the case of stock represented by certificate, upon the surrender of a properly endorsed certificate or certificates for a like number of shares.
(b) The corporation shall have power to enter into and perform any agreement with any number of stockholders of any one or more classes of stock of the corporation to restrict the transfer of shares of stock of the corporation of any one or more classes owned by such stockholders in any manner not prohibited by the DGCL.
Section 38. Fixing Record Dates.
(a) In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall, subject to applicable law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
(b) In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
Section 39. Registered Stockholders. The corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends, and to vote as such owner, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
ARTICLE VIII
OTHER SECURITIES OF THE CORPORATION
Section 40. Execution of Other Securities. All bonds, debentures and other corporate securities of the corporation, other than stock certificates (covered in Section 36), may be signed by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President or any Vice President, or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, and the corporate seal impressed thereon or a facsimile of such seal imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, or the Chief Financial Officer or Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer; provided, however, that where any such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be authenticated by the manual signature, or where permissible facsimile signature, of a trustee under an indenture pursuant to which such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be issued, the signatures of the persons signing and attesting the corporate seal on such bond, debenture or other corporate security may be the imprinted facsimile of the signatures of such persons. Interest coupons appertaining to any such bond, debenture or other corporate security, authenticated by a trustee as aforesaid, shall be signed by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer of the corporation or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or bear imprinted thereon the facsimile signature of such person. In case any officer who shall have signed or attested any bond, debenture or other corporate security, or whose facsimile signature shall appear thereon or on any such interest coupon, shall have ceased to be such officer before the bond, debenture or other corporate security so signed or attested shall have been delivered, such bond, debenture or other corporate security nevertheless may be adopted by the corporation and issued and delivered as though the person who signed the same or whose facsimile signature shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer of the corporation.
ARTICLE IX
DIVIDENDS
Section 41. Declaration of Dividends. Dividends upon the capital stock of the corporation, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law, if any, may be declared by the Board of Directors pursuant to law at any regular or special meeting. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, or in shares of the capital stock, subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law.
Section 42. Dividend Reserve. Before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in their absolute discretion, think proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall think conducive to the interests of the corporation, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
ARTICLE X
FISCAL YEAR
Section 43. Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the corporation shall be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.
ARTICLE XI
INDEMNIFICATION
Section 44. Indemnification of Directors, Officers, Employees and Other Agents.
(a) Directors and Officers. The corporation shall indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or any other applicable law; provided, however, that the corporation may modify the extent of such indemnification by individual contracts with its directors and officers; and, provided, further, that the corporation shall not be required to indemnify any director or officer in connection with any proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless (i) such indemnification is expressly required to be made by law, (ii) the proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors of the corporation, (iii) such indemnification is provided by the corporation, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the corporation under the DGCL or any other applicable law or (iv) such indemnification is required to be made under paragraph (d) of this Section 44.
(b) Employees and other Agents . The corporation shall have power to indemnify its employees and other agents as set forth in the DGCL or any other applicable law. The Board of Directors shall have the power to delegate the determination of whether indemnification shall be given to any such person as the Board of Directors shall determine.
(c) Expenses. The corporation shall advance to any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or officer, of the corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the corporation as a director or officer of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, prior to the final disposition of the proceeding, promptly following request therefor, all expenses incurred by any director or officer in connection with such proceeding provided, however, that if the DGCL requires, an advancement of expenses incurred by a director or officer in his or her capacity as a director or officer (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the corporation of an undertaking (hereinafter an undertaking), by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (hereinafter a final adjudication) that such indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 44 or otherwise. Notwithstanding the foregoing, unless otherwise determined pursuant to paragraph (e) of this Section 44, no advance shall be made by the corporation to an officer of the corporation (except by reason of the fact that such officer is or was a director of the corporation in which event this sentence shall not apply) in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, if a determination is reasonably and promptly made (i) by a majority vote of directors who were not parties to the proceeding, even if not a quorum, or (ii) by a committee of such directors designated by a majority vote of such directors, even though less than a quorum, or (iii) if there are no such directors, or such directors so direct, by independent legal counsel in a written opinion, that the facts known to the decision-making party at the time such determination is made demonstrate clearly and convincingly that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation.
(d) Enforcement. Without the necessity of entering into an express contract, all rights to indemnification and advances to directors and officers under this Section 44 shall be deemed to be contractual rights and be effective to the same extent and as if provided for in a contract between the corporation and the director or officer. Any right to indemnification or advances granted by this Section 44 to a director or officer shall be enforceable by or on behalf of the person holding such right in any court of competent jurisdiction if (i) the claim for indemnification or advances is denied, in whole or in part, or (ii) no disposition of such claim is made within ninety (90) days of request therefor. To the extent permitted by law, the claimant in such enforcement action, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid also the expense of prosecuting the claim. In connection with any claim for indemnification, the corporation shall be entitled to raise as a defense to any such action that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the DGCL or any other applicable law for the corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed. In connection with any claim by an officer of the corporation (except in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such officer is or was a director of the corporation) for advances, the corporation shall be entitled to raise a defense as to any such action clear and convincing evidence that such person acted in bad faith or in a manner that such person did not
believe to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the corporation, or with respect to any criminal action or proceeding that such person acted without reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was lawful. Neither the failure of the corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the DGCL or any other applicable law, nor an actual determination by the corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct. In any suit brought by a director or officer to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, the burden of proving that the director or officer is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Section 44 or otherwise shall be on the corporation.
(e) Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Section 44 shall not be exclusive of any other right which such person may have or hereafter acquire under any applicable statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors or otherwise, both as to action in his or her official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding office. The corporation is specifically authorized to enter into individual contracts with any or all of its directors, officers, employees or agents respecting indemnification and advances, to the fullest extent not prohibited by the DGCL or any other applicable law.
(f) Survival of Rights. The rights conferred on any person by this Section 44 shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or other agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
(g) Insurance. To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL or any other applicable law, the corporation, upon approval by the Board of Directors, may purchase insurance on behalf of any person required or permitted to be indemnified pursuant to this Section 44.
(h) Amendments. Any repeal or modification of this Section 44 shall only be prospective and shall not affect the rights under this Section 44 in effect at the time of the alleged occurrence of any action or omission to act that is the cause of any proceeding against any agent of the corporation.
(i) Saving Clause. If this Section 44 or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each director and officer to the full extent not prohibited by any applicable portion of this Section 44 that shall not have been invalidated, or by any other applicable law. If this Section 44 shall be invalid due to the application of the indemnification provisions of another jurisdiction, then the corporation shall indemnify each director and executive officer to the full extent under any other applicable law.
(j) Certain Definitions. For the purposes of this Section 44, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) The term proceeding shall be broadly construed and shall include, without limitation, the investigation, preparation, prosecution, defense, settlement, arbitration and appeal of, and the giving of testimony in, any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative.
(2) The term expenses shall be broadly construed and shall include, without limitation, court costs, attorneys fees, witness fees, fines, amounts paid in settlement or judgment and any other costs and expenses of any nature or kind incurred in connection with any proceeding.
(3) The term the corporation shall include, in addition to the resulting corporation, any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a
consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers, and employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under the provisions of this Section 44 with respect to the resulting or surviving corporation as he would have with respect to such constituent corporation if its separate existence had continued.
(4) References to a director, executive officer, officer, employee, or agent of the corporation shall include, without limitation, situations where such person is serving at the request of the corporation as, respectively, a director, executive officer, officer, employee, trustee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.
(5) References to other enterprises shall include employee benefit plans; references to fines shall include any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan; and references to serving at the request of the corporation shall include any service as a director, officer, employee or agent of the corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer, employee, or agent with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants, or beneficiaries; and a person who acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to have acted in a manner not opposed to the best interests of the corporation as referred to in this section.
ARTICLE XII
NOTICES
Section 45. Notices .
(a) Notice to Stockholders. Written notice to stockholders of stockholder meetings shall be given as provided in Section 7 herein. Without limiting the manner by which notice may otherwise be given effectively to stockholders under any agreement or contract with such stockholder, and except as otherwise required by law, written notice to stockholders for purposes other than stockholder meetings may be sent by United States mail or nationally recognized overnight courier, or by facsimile, telegraph or telex or by electronic mail or other electronic means.
(b) Notice to Directors. Any notice required to be given to any director may be given by the method stated in subsection (a) or as otherwise provided in these Bylaws. If such notice is not delivered personally, it shall be sent to such address as such director shall have filed in writing with the Secretary, or, in the absence of such filing, to the last known post office address of such director.
(c) Affidavit of Mailing. An affidavit of mailing, executed by a duly authorized and competent employee of the corporation or its transfer agent appointed with respect to the class of stock affected or other agent, specifying the name and address or the names and addresses of the stockholder or stockholders, or director or directors, to whom any such notice or notices was or were given, and the time and method of giving the same, shall in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts therein contained.
(d) Methods of Notice. It shall not be necessary that the same method of giving notice be employed in respect of all recipients of notice, but one permissible method may be employed in respect of any one or more, and any other permissible method or methods may be employed in respect of any other or others.
(e) Notice to Person with Whom Communication is Unlawful. Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the corporation, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person
shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under any provision of the DGCL, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
(f) Notice to Stockholders Sharing an Address. Except as otherwise prohibited under DGCL, any notice given under the provisions of DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws shall be effective if given by a single written notice to stockholders who share an address if consented to by the stockholders at that address to whom such notice is given. Such consent shall have been deemed to have been given if such stockholder fails to object in writing to the corporation within sixty (60) days of having been given notice by the corporation of its intention to send the single notice. Any consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the corporation.
ARTICLE XIII
AMENDMENTS
Section 46. Amendments. Subject to the limitations set forth in Section 44(h) of these Bylaws or the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors is expressly empowered to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the corporation. The stockholders also shall have power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the corporation; provided, however, that, in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of stock of the corporation required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, such action by stockholders shall require (a) the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class, during the Control Period, or (b) the affirmative vote of the holders of at least 66 2/3% of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the capital stock of the corporation entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class.
Exhibit 4.7
NUMBER | SHARES |
CONVERGEONE HOLDINGS, INC.
INCORPORATED UNDER THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE
COMMON STOCK
SEE REVERSE FOR
CERTAIN DEFINITIONS
This Certifies that | CUSIP 212481 105 | |
is the owner of |
FULLY PAID AND NON-ASSESSABLE SHARES OF THE PAR VALUE OF $0.0001 EACH
OF THE COMMON STOCK OF
CONVERGEONE HOLDINGS, INC. (THE CORPORATION)
transferable on the books of the Corporation in person or by duly authorized attorney upon surrender of this certificate properly endorsed.
This certificate is not valid unless countersigned by the Transfer Agent and registered by the Registrar.
Witness the facsimile seal of the Corporation and the facsimile signatures of its duly authorized officers.
Dated: | ||||
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CHAIRMAN | [INSERT SEAL HERE] | SECRETARY |
The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM | - | as tenants in common | UNIF GIFT MIN ACT- |
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Custodian |
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TEN ENT | - | as tenants by the entireties | (Cust) | (Minor) | ||||||||||
JT TEN | - | as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common | under Uniform Gifts to Minors | |||||||||||
Act |
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(State) |
Additional abbreviations may also be used though not in the above list.
CONVERGEONE HOLDINGS, INC.
The Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof of the Corporation and the qualifications, limitations, or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. This certificate and the shares represented thereby are issued and shall be held subject to all the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and all amendments thereto and resolutions of the Board of Directors providing for the issue of shares of Preferred Stock (copies of which may be obtained from the secretary of the Corporation), to all of which the holder of this certificate by acceptance hereof assents.
For value received, hereby sell, assign and transfer unto
PLEASE INSERT SOCIAL SECURITY OR OTHER IDENTIFYING NUMBER OF ASSIGNEE |
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(PLEASE PRINT OR TYPEWRITE NAME AND ADDRESS, INCLUDING ZIP CODE, OF ASSIGNEE) |
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shares |
of the capital stock represented by the within Certificate, and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint
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Attorney |
to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named Corporation will full power of substitution in the premises.
Dated
Notice: | The signature to this assignment must correspond with the name as written upon the face of the certificate in every particular, without alteration or enlargement or any change whatever. |
Signature(s) Guaranteed:
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THE SIGNATURE(S) SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM, PURSUANT TO S.E.C. RULE 17Ad-15). |
EXHIBIT 10.16
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
S TOCK O PTION G RANT N OTICE
(2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN )
Forum Merger Corporation (the Company ), pursuant to its 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan ), hereby grants to Optionholder an option to purchase the number of shares of the Companys Common Stock set forth below. This option is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth in this Stock Option Grant Notice, in the Option Agreement, the Plan and the Notice of Exercise, all of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined herein but defined in the Plan or the Option Agreement will have the same definitions as in the Plan or the Option Agreement. If there is any conflict between the terms in this Stock Option Grant Notice and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control.
Optionholder: | ||||||
Date of Grant: | ||||||
Vesting Commencement Date: | ||||||
Number of Shares Subject to Option: | ||||||
Exercise Price (Per Share): | ||||||
Total Exercise Price: | ||||||
Expiration Date: |
Type of Grant: | ☐ Incentive Stock Option 1 | ☐ Nonstatutory Stock Option |
Exercise Schedule : Same as Vesting Schedule
Vesting Schedule : | [ , subject to Optionholders Continuous Service as of each such date ] | |||
Payment: | By one or a combination of the following items (described in the Option Agreement): | |||
☐ | By cash, check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company | |||
☐ | Pursuant to a Regulation T Program if the shares are publicly traded | |||
☐ | By delivery of already-owned shares if the shares are publicly traded | |||
☐ | If and only to the extent this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, and subject to the Companys consent at the time of exercise, by a net exercise arrangement |
1 | If this is an Incentive Stock Option, it (plus other outstanding Incentive Stock Options) cannot be first exercisable for more than $100,000 in value (measured by exercise price) in any calendar year. Any excess over $100,000 is a Nonstatutory Stock Option. |
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Additional Terms/Acknowledgements: Optionholder acknowledges receipt of, and understands and agrees to, this Stock Option Grant Notice, the Option Agreement and the Plan. Optionholder acknowledges and agrees that this Stock Option Grant Notice and the Option Agreement may not be modified, amended or revised except as provided in the Plan. Optionholder further acknowledges that as of the Date of Grant, this Stock Option Grant Notice, the Option Agreement, and the Plan set forth the entire understanding between Optionholder and the Company regarding this option award and supersede all prior oral and written agreements, promises and/or representations on that subject with the exception of, if applicable, (i) equity awards previously granted and delivered to Optionholder, (ii) any compensation recovery policy that is adopted by the Company or is otherwise required by applicable law and (iii) any written employment or severance arrangement that would provide for vesting acceleration of this option upon the terms and conditions set forth therein. By accepting this option, Optionholder consents to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION |
O PTIONHOLDER : |
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By: |
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Signature | ||||||
Title: |
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Date: |
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Date: |
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A TTACHMENTS : Option Agreement, 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and Notice of Exercise
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A TTACHMENT I
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
O PTION A GREEMENT
(2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN )
(I NCENTIVE S TOCK O PTION OR N ONSTATUTORY S TOCK O PTION )
Pursuant to your Stock Option Grant Notice ( Grant Notice ) and this Option Agreement, Forum Merger Corporation (the Company ) has granted you an option under its 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan ) to purchase the number of shares of the Companys Common Stock indicated in your Grant Notice at the exercise price indicated in your Grant Notice. The option is granted to you effective as of the date of grant set forth in the Grant Notice (the Date of Grant ). If there is any conflict between the terms in this Option Agreement and the Plan, the terms of the Plan will control. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Option Agreement or in the Grant Notice but defined in the Plan will have the same definitions as in the Plan.
The details of your option, in addition to those set forth in the Grant Notice and the Plan, are as follows:
1. V ESTING . Subject to the provisions contained herein, your option will vest as provided in your Grant Notice. Vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service.
2. N UMBER OF S HARES AND E XERCISE P RICE . The number of shares of Common Stock subject to your option and your exercise price per share in your Grant Notice will be adjusted for Capitalization Adjustments.
3. E XERCISE R ESTRICTION FOR N ON -E XEMPT E MPLOYEES . If you are an Employee eligible for overtime compensation under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended (that is, a Non-Exempt Employee ), and except as otherwise provided in the Plan, you may not exercise your option until you have completed at least six (6) months of Continuous Service measured from the Date of Grant, even if you have already been an employee for more than six (6) months. Consistent with the provisions of the Worker Economic Opportunity Act, you may exercise your option as to any vested portion prior to such six (6) month anniversary in the case of (i) your death or disability, (ii) a Corporate Transaction in which your option is not assumed, continued or substituted, (iii) a Change in Control or (iv) your termination of Continuous Service on your retirement (as defined in the Companys benefit plans).
4. M ETHOD OF P AYMENT . You must pay the full amount of the exercise price for the shares you wish to exercise. You may pay the exercise price in cash or by check, bank draft or money order payable to the Company or in any other manner permitted by your Grant Notice, which may include one or more of the following:
(a) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded, pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board that, prior to the issuance of Common Stock, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the aggregate exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds. This manner of payment is also known as a broker-assisted exercise, same day sale, or sell to cover.
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(b) Provided that at the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded, by delivery to the Company (either by actual delivery or attestation) of already-owned shares of Common Stock that are owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests, and that are valued at Fair Market Value on the date of exercise. Delivery for these purposes, in the sole discretion of the Company at the time you exercise your option, will include delivery to the Company of your attestation of ownership of such shares of Common Stock in a form approved by the Company. You may not exercise your option by delivery to the Company of Common Stock if doing so would violate the provisions of any law, regulation or agreement restricting the redemption of the Companys stock.
(c) If this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, subject to the consent of the Company at the time of exercise, by a net exercise arrangement pursuant to which the Company will reduce the number of shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of your option by the largest whole number of shares with a Fair Market Value that does not exceed the aggregate exercise price. You must pay any remaining balance of the aggregate exercise price not satisfied by the net exercise in cash or other permitted form of payment. Shares of Common Stock will no longer be outstanding under your option and will not be exercisable thereafter if those shares (i) are used to pay the exercise price pursuant to the net exercise, (ii) are delivered to you as a result of such exercise, and (iii) are withheld to satisfy your tax withholding obligations.
5. W HOLE S HARES . You may exercise your option only for whole shares of Common Stock.
6. S ECURITIES L AW C OMPLIANCE . In no event may you exercise your option unless the shares of Common Stock issuable upon exercise are then registered under the Securities Act or, if not registered, the Company has determined that your exercise and the issuance of the shares would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The exercise of your option also must comply with all other applicable laws and regulations governing your option, and you may not exercise your option if the Company determines that such exercise would not be in material compliance with such laws and regulations (including any restrictions on exercise required for compliance with Treas. Reg. 1.401(k)-1(d)(3), if applicable).
7. T ERM . You may not exercise your option before the Date of Grant or after the expiration of the options term. The term of your option expires, subject to the provisions of Section 5(h) of the Plan, upon the earliest of the following:
(a) immediately upon the termination of your Continuous Service for Cause;
(b) three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service for any reason other than Cause, your Disability or your death (except as otherwise provided in Section 8(d) below); provided, however, that if during any part of such three (3) month period your option is not exercisable solely because of the condition set forth in the section above regarding Securities Law Compliance, your option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date or until it has been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service; provided further, if during any part of such three (3) month period, the sale of any Common Stock received upon exercise of your option would violate the Companys insider trading policy, then your option will not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date or until it has been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service during which the sale of the Common Stock received upon exercise of your option would not be in violation of the Companys insider trading policy. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if (i) you are a Non-Exempt Employee, (ii) your Continuous Service terminates within six (6) months after the Date of Grant, and (iii) you have vested in a portion of your option at the time of your termination of Continuous Service, your option will not expire until the earlier of (x) the later of (A) the date that is seven (7) months after the Date of Grant, and (B) the date that is three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service, and (y) the Expiration Date;
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(c) twelve (12) months after the termination of your Continuous Service due to your Disability (except as otherwise provided in Section 7(d)) below;
(d) eighteen (18) months after your death if you die either during your Continuous Service or within three (3) months after your Continuous Service terminates for any reason other than Cause;
(e) the Expiration Date indicated in your Grant Notice; or
(f) the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the Date of Grant.
If your option is an Incentive Stock Option, note that to obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an Incentive Stock Option, the Code requires that at all times beginning on the Date of Grant and ending on the day three (3) months before the date of your options exercise, you must be an employee of the Company or an Affiliate, except in the event of your death or Disability. The Company has provided for extended exercisability of your option under certain circumstances for your benefit but cannot guarantee that your option will necessarily be treated as an Incentive Stock Option if you continue to provide services to the Company or an Affiliate as a Consultant or Director after your employment terminates or if you otherwise exercise your option more than three (3) months after the date your employment with the Company or an Affiliate terminates.
8. E XERCISE .
(a) You may exercise the vested portion of your option (and the unvested portion of your option if your Grant Notice so permits) during its term by (i) delivering a Notice of Exercise (in a form designated by the Company) or completing such other documents and/or procedures designated by the Company for exercise and (ii) paying the exercise price and any applicable withholding taxes to the Companys Secretary, stock plan administrator, or such other person as the Company may designate, together with such additional documents as the Company may then require.
(b) By exercising your option you agree that, as a condition to any exercise of your option, the Company may require you to enter into an arrangement providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (i) the exercise of your option, (ii) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the shares of Common Stock are subject at the time of exercise, or (iii) the disposition of shares of Common Stock acquired upon such exercise.
(c) If your option is an Incentive Stock Option, by exercising your option you agree that you will notify the Company in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the shares of the Common Stock issued upon exercise of your option that occurs within two (2) years after the Date of Grant or within one (1) year after such shares of Common Stock are transferred upon exercise of your option.
9. T RANSFERABILITY . Except as otherwise provided in this Section 9, your option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you.
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(a) Certain Trusts. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, you may transfer your option to a trust if you are considered to be the sole beneficial owner (determined under Section 671 of the Code and applicable state law) while the option is held in the trust. You and the trustee must enter into transfer and other agreements required by the Company.
(b) Domestic Relations Orders. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, and provided that you and the designated transferee enter into transfer and other agreements required by the Company, you may transfer your option pursuant to the terms of a domestic relations order, official marital settlement agreement or other divorce or separation instrument as permitted by Treasury Regulation 1.421-1(b)(2) that contains the information required by the Company to effectuate the transfer. You are encouraged to discuss the proposed terms of any division of this option with the Company prior to finalizing the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement to help ensure the required information is contained within the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement. If this option is an Incentive Stock Option, this option may be deemed to be a Nonstatutory Stock Option as a result of such transfer.
(c) Beneficiary Designation. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, you may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form approved by the Company and any broker designated by the Company to handle option exercises, designate a third party who, on your death, will thereafter be entitled to exercise this option and receive the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise. In the absence of such a designation, your executor or administrator of your estate will be entitled to exercise this option and receive, on behalf of your estate, the Common Stock or other consideration resulting from such exercise.
10. O PTION NOT A S ERVICE C ONTRACT . Your option is not an employment or service contract, and nothing in your option will be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the employ of the Company or an Affiliate, or of the Company or an Affiliate to continue your employment. In addition, nothing in your option will obligate the Company or an Affiliate, their respective stockholders, boards of directors, officers or employees to continue any relationship that you might have as a Director or Consultant for the Company or an Affiliate.
11. W ITHHOLDING O BLIGATIONS .
(a) At the time you exercise your option, in whole or in part, and at any time thereafter as requested by the Company, you hereby authorize withholding from payroll and any other amounts payable to you, and otherwise agree to make adequate provision for (including by means of a same day sale pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board to the extent permitted by the Company), any sums required to satisfy the federal, state, local and foreign tax withholding obligations of the Company or an Affiliate, if any, which arise in connection with the exercise of your option.
(b) If this option is a Nonstatutory Stock Option, then upon your request and subject to approval by the Company, and compliance with any applicable legal conditions or restrictions, the Company may withhold from fully vested shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to you upon the exercise of your option a number of whole shares of Common Stock having a Fair Market Value, determined by the Company as of the date of exercise, not in excess of the maximum amount of tax required to be withheld by law (or such lower amount as may be necessary to avoid classification of your option as a liability for financial accounting purposes). Notwithstanding the filing of such election, shares of Common Stock shall be withheld solely from fully vested shares of Common Stock determined as of the date of exercise of your option that are otherwise issuable to you upon such exercise. Any adverse consequences to you arising in connection with such share withholding procedure shall be your sole responsibility.
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(c) You may not exercise your option unless the tax withholding obligations of the Company and/or any Affiliate are satisfied. Accordingly, you may not be able to exercise your option when desired even though your option is vested, and the Company will have no obligation to issue a certificate for such shares of Common Stock or release such shares of Common Stock from any escrow provided for herein, if applicable, unless such obligations are satisfied.
12. T AX C ONSEQUENCES . You hereby agree that the Company does not have a duty to design or administer the Plan or its other compensation programs in a manner that minimizes your tax liabilities. You will not make any claim against the Company, or any of its Officers, Directors, Employees or Affiliates related to tax liabilities arising from your option or your other compensation. In particular, you acknowledge that this option is exempt from Section 409A of the Code only if the exercise price per share specified in the Grant Notice is at least equal to the fair market value per share of the Common Stock on the Date of Grant and there is no other impermissible deferral of compensation associated with the option.
13. N OTICES . Any notices provided for in your option or the Plan will be given in writing (including electronically) and will be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by mail by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the last address you provided to the Company. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to participation in the Plan and this option by electronic means or to request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. By accepting this option, you consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
14. G OVERNING P LAN D OCUMENT . Your option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of which are hereby made a part of your option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations, which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. If there is any conflict between the provisions of your option and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan will control. In addition, your option (and any compensation paid or shares issued under your option) is subject to recoupment in accordance with The DoddFrank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company and any compensation recovery policy otherwise required by applicable law.
15. O THER D OCUMENTS . You hereby acknowledge receipt of and the right to receive a document providing the information required by Rule 428(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Act, which includes the Plan prospectus. In addition, you acknowledge receipt of the Companys policy permitting certain individuals to sell shares only during certain window periods and the Companys insider trading policy, in effect from time to time.
16. E FFECT ON O THER E MPLOYEE B ENEFIT P LANS . The value of this option will not be included as compensation, earnings, salaries, or other similar terms used when calculating your benefits under any employee benefit plan sponsored by the Company or any Affiliate, except as such plan otherwise expressly provides. The Company expressly reserves its rights to amend, modify, or terminate any of the Companys or any Affiliates employee benefit plans.
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17. V OTING R IGHTS . You will not have voting or any other rights as a stockholder of the Company with respect to the shares to be issued pursuant to this option until such shares are issued to you. Upon such issuance, you will obtain full voting and other rights as a stockholder of the Company. Nothing contained in this option, and no action taken pursuant to its provisions, will create or be construed to create a trust of any kind or a fiduciary relationship between you and the Company or any other person.
18. S EVERABILITY . If all or any part of this Option Agreement or the Plan is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity will not invalidate any portion of this Option Agreement or the Plan not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any Section of this Option Agreement (or part of such a Section) so declared to be unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which will give effect to the terms of such Section or part of a Section to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.
19. M ISCELLANEOUS .
(a) The rights and obligations of the Company under your option will be transferable to any one or more persons or entities, and all covenants and agreements hereunder will inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the Companys successors and assigns.
(b) You agree upon request to execute any further documents or instruments necessary or desirable in the sole determination of the Company to carry out the purposes or intent of your option.
(c) You acknowledge and agree that you have reviewed your option in its entirety, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing and accepting your option, and fully understand all provisions of your option.
(d) This Option Agreement will be subject to all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, and to such approvals by any governmental agencies or national securities exchanges as may be required.
(e) All obligations of the Company under the Plan and this Option Agreement will be binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company.
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This Option Agreement will be deemed to be signed by you upon the signing by you of the Stock Option Grant Notice to which it is attached.
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A TTACHMENT II
2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN
1
A TTACHMENT III
N OTICE OF E XERCISE
F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION
[Address] | Date of Exercise: |
This constitutes notice to Forum Merger Corporation (the Company ) under my stock option that I elect to purchase the below number of shares of Common Stock of the Company (the Shares ) for the price set forth below.
Type of option (check one): |
Incentive | ☐ | Nonstatutory | ☐ | ||||
Stock option dated: |
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Total exercise price: |
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[Value of Shares delivered herewith 1 : |
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[Value of Shares pursuant to net exercise 2 : |
$ | $ | ] | |||||
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[Regulation T Program (cashless exercise 3 ): |
$ | $ | ] | |||||
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1 | Shares must meet the public trading requirements set forth in the option. Shares must be valued in accordance with the terms of the option being exercised, and must be owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests. Certificates must be endorsed or accompanied by an executed assignment separate from certificate. |
2 | The option must be a Nonstatutory Stock Option, and the Company must have established net exercise procedures at the time of exercise, in order to utilize this payment method. |
3 | Shares must meet the public trading requirements set forth in the option. |
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By this exercise, I agree (i) to provide such additional documents as you may require pursuant to the terms of the Forum Merger Corporation 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, (ii) to provide for the payment by me to you (in the manner designated by you) of your withholding obligation, if any, relating to the exercise of this option, and (iii) if this exercise relates to an incentive stock option, to notify you in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the Shares issued upon exercise of this option that occurs within two (2) years after the date of grant of this option or within one (1) year after such Shares are issued upon exercise of this option.
Very truly yours, |
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EXHIBIT 10.17
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
R ESTRICTED S TOCK U NIT G RANT N OTICE
(2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN )
Forum Merger Corporation (the Company ), pursuant to its 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan ), hereby awards to Participant a Restricted Stock Unit Award for the number of shares of the Companys Common Stock ( Restricted Stock Units ) set forth below (the Award ). The Award is subject to all of the terms and conditions as set forth in this notice of grant (this Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice ) and in the Plan and the Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (the Award Agreement ), both of which are attached hereto and incorporated herein in their entirety. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined herein shall have the meanings set forth in the Plan or the Award Agreement. In the event of any conflict between the terms in the Award and the Plan, the terms of the Plan shall control.
Participant: |
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Date of Grant: |
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Vesting Commencement Date: |
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Number of Restricted Stock Units: |
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Vesting Schedule: | [__________________, subject to Participants Continuous Service through each such vesting date.] | |
Issuance Schedule: | Subject to any Capitalization Adjustment, one share of Common Stock (or its cash equivalent, at the discretion of the Company) will be issued for each Restricted Stock Unit that vests at the time set forth in Section 6 of the Award Agreement. |
Additional Terms/Acknowledgements: Participant acknowledges receipt of, and understands and agrees to, this Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice, the Award Agreement and the Plan. Participant further acknowledges that as of the Date of Grant, this Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice, the Award Agreement and the Plan set forth the entire understanding between Participant and the Company regarding the acquisition of the Common Stock pursuant to the Award specified above and supersede all prior oral and written agreements on the terms of this Award, with the exception, if applicable, of (i) restricted stock unit awards or options previously granted and delivered to Participant, (ii) the written employment agreement, offer letter or other written agreement entered into between the Company and Participant specifying the terms that should govern this specific Award, and (iii) any compensation recovery policy that is adopted by the Company or is otherwise required by applicable law.
By accepting this Award, Participant acknowledges having received and read the Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice, the Award Agreement and the Plan and agrees to all of the terms and conditions set forth in these documents. Participant consents to receive Plan documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
F ORUM M ERGER C ORPORATION | P ARTICIPANT | |||||||
By: |
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A TTACHMENTS : Award Agreement and 2018 Equity Incentive Plan
A TTACHMENT I
FORUM MERGER CORPORATION
2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN
R ESTRICTED S TOCK U NIT A WARD A GREEMENT
Pursuant to the Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice (the Grant Notice ) and this Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement (the Agreement ), Forum Merger Corporation (the Company ) has awarded you ( Participant ) a Restricted Stock Unit Award (the Award ) pursuant to Section 6(b) of the Companys 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the Plan ) for the number of Restricted Stock Units/shares indicated in the Grant Notice. Capitalized terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement or the Grant Notice shall have the same meanings given to them in the Plan. The terms of your Award, in addition to those set forth in the Grant Notice, are as follows.
1. G RANT OF THE A WARD . This Award represents the right to be issued on a future date one (1) share of Common Stock for each Restricted Stock Unit that vests on the applicable vesting date(s) (subject to any adjustment under Section 3 below) as indicated in the Grant Notice. As of the Date of Grant, the Company will credit to a bookkeeping account maintained by the Company for your benefit (the Account ) the number of Restricted Stock Units/shares of Common Stock subject to the Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company reserves the right to issue you the cash equivalent of Common Stock, in part or in full satisfaction of the delivery of Common Stock in connection with the vesting of the Restricted Stock Units, and, to the extent applicable, references in this Agreement and the Grant Notice to Common Stock issuable in connection with your Restricted Stock Units will include the potential issuance of its cash equivalent pursuant to such right. This Award was granted in consideration of your services to the Company.
2. V ESTING . Subject to the limitations contained herein, your Award will vest, if at all, in accordance with the vesting schedule provided in the Grant Notice. Vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service and the Restricted Stock Units credited to the Account that were not vested on the date of such termination will be forfeited at no cost to the Company and you will have no further right, title or interest in or to such Award or the shares of Common Stock to be issued in respect of such portion of the Award.
3. N UMBER OF S HARES . The number of Restricted Stock Units subject to your Award may be adjusted from time to time for Capitalization Adjustments, as provided in the Plan. Any additional Restricted Stock Units, shares, cash or other property that becomes subject to the Award pursuant to this Section 3, if any, shall be subject, in a manner determined by the Board, to the same forfeiture restrictions, restrictions on transferability, and time and manner of delivery as applicable to the other Restricted Stock Units and shares covered by your Award. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 3, no fractional shares or rights for fractional shares of Common Stock shall be created pursuant to this Section 3. Any fraction of a share will be rounded down to the nearest whole share.
4. S ECURITIES L AW C OMPLIANCE . You may not be issued any Common Stock under your Award unless the shares of Common Stock underlying the Restricted Stock Units are either (i) then registered under the Securities Act, or (ii) the Company has determined that such issuance would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Your Award must also comply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the Award, and you shall not receive such Common Stock if the Company determines that such receipt would not be in material compliance with such laws and regulations.
5. T RANSFER R ESTRICTIONS . Prior to the time that shares of Common Stock have been delivered to you, you may not transfer, pledge, sell or otherwise dispose of this Award or the shares issuable in respect of this Award, except as expressly provided in this Section 5. For example, you may not use shares that may be issued in respect of your Restricted Stock Units as security for a loan. The restrictions on transfer set forth herein will lapse upon delivery to you of shares in respect of your vested Restricted Stock Units.
(a) Death . Your Award is transferable by will and by the laws of descent and distribution. At your death, vesting of your Award will cease and your executor or administrator of your estate shall be entitled to receive, on behalf of your estate, any Common Stock or other consideration that vested but was not issued before your death.
(b) Domestic Relations Orders. Upon receiving written permission from the Board or its duly authorized designee, and provided that you and the designated transferee enter into transfer and other agreements required by the Company, you may transfer your right to receive the distribution of Common Stock or other consideration hereunder, pursuant to a domestic relations order, marital settlement agreement or other divorce or separation instrument as permitted by applicable law that contains the information required by the Company to effectuate the transfer. You are encouraged to discuss the proposed terms of any division of this Award with the Company General Counsel prior to finalizing the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement to verify that you may make such transfer, and if so, to help ensure the required information is contained within the domestic relations order or marital settlement agreement.
6. D ATE OF I SSUANCE .
(a) The issuance of shares in respect of the Restricted Stock Units is intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) and will be construed and administered in such a manner. Subject to the satisfaction of the Withholding Taxes set forth in Section 11 of this Agreement, in the event one or more Restricted Stock Units vests, the Company shall issue to you one (1) share of Common Stock for each Restricted Stock Unit that vests on the applicable vesting date(s) (subject to any adjustment under Section 3 above). Each issuance date determined by this paragraph is referred to as an Original Issuance Date .
(b) If the Original Issuance Date falls on a date that is not a business day, delivery shall instead occur on the next following business day. In addition, if:
(i) the Original Issuance Date does not occur (1) during an open window period applicable to you, as determined by the Company in accordance with the Companys then-effective policy on trading in Company securities, or (2) on a date when you are otherwise permitted to sell shares of Common Stock on an established stock exchange or stock market (including but not limited to under a previously established written trading plan that meets the requirements of Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act and was entered into in compliance with the Companys policies (a 10b5-1 Arrangement ), and
(ii) either (1) Withholding Taxes do not apply, or (2) the Company decides, prior to the Original Issuance Date, (A) not to satisfy the Withholding Taxes by withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares otherwise due, on the Original Issuance Date, to you under this Award, and (B) not to permit you to then effect a sale of shares of Common Stock under a 10b5-1 Arrangement to satisfy the Withholding Taxes, if applicable, and (C) not to permit you to pay your Withholding Taxes in cash, then the shares that would otherwise be issued to you on the Original Issuance Date will not be
delivered on such Original Issuance Date and will instead be delivered on the first business day when you are not prohibited from selling shares of the Companys Common Stock in the open public market, but in no event later than December 31 of the calendar year in which the Original Issuance Date occurs (that is, the last day of your taxable year in which the Original Issuance Date occurs), or, if and only if permitted in a manner that complies with Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(b)(4), no later than the date that is the 15th day of the third calendar month of the applicable year following the year in which the shares of Common Stock under this Award are no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.409A-1(d).
(c) The form of delivery ( e.g. , a stock certificate or electronic entry evidencing such shares) shall be determined by the Company.
7. D IVIDENDS . You shall receive no benefit or adjustment to your Award with respect to any cash dividend, stock dividend or other distribution that does not result from a Capitalization Adjustment; provided, however, that this sentence will not apply with respect to any shares of Common Stock that are delivered to you in connection with your Award after such shares have been delivered to you.
8. R ESTRICTIVE L EGENDS . The shares of Common Stock issued in respect of your Award shall be endorsed with appropriate legends as determined by the Company.
9. E XECUTION OF D OCUMENTS . You hereby acknowledge and agree that the manner selected by the Company by which you indicate your consent to your Grant Notice is also deemed to be your execution of your Grant Notice and of this Agreement. You further agree that such manner of indicating consent may be relied upon as your signature for establishing your execution of any documents to be executed in the future in connection with your Award.
10. A WARD NOT A S ERVICE C ONTRACT .
(a) Nothing in this Agreement (including, but not limited to, the vesting of your Award or the issuance of the shares in respect of your Award), the Plan or any covenant of good faith and fair dealing that may be found implicit in this Agreement or the Plan shall: (i) confer upon you any right to continue in the employ or service of, or affiliation with, the Company or an Affiliate; (ii) constitute any promise or commitment by the Company or an Affiliate regarding the fact or nature of future positions, future work assignments, future compensation or any other term or condition of employment or affiliation; (iii) confer any right or benefit under this Agreement or the Plan unless such right or benefit has specifically accrued under the terms of this Agreement or Plan; or (iv) deprive the Company of the right to terminate you at will and without regard to any future vesting opportunity that you may have.
(b) By accepting this Award, you acknowledge and agree that the right to continue vesting in the Award pursuant to the vesting schedule provided in the Grant Notice may not be earned unless (in addition to any other conditions described in the Grant Notice and this Agreement) you continue as an employee, director or consultant at the will of the Company and affiliate, as applicable (not through the act of being hired, being granted this Award or any other award or benefit) and that the Company has the right to reorganize, sell, spin-out or otherwise restructure one or more of its businesses or Affiliates at any time or from time to time, as it deems appropriate (a reorganization ). You acknowledge and agree that such a reorganization could result in the termination of your Continuous Service, or the termination of Affiliate status of your employer and the loss of benefits available to you under this Agreement, including but not limited to, the termination of the right to continue vesting in the Award. You further acknowledge and agree that this Agreement, the Plan, the transactions contemplated hereunder and the vesting schedule set forth herein or any covenant of good faith and fair dealing that
may be found implicit in any of them do not constitute an express or implied promise of continued engagement as an employee or consultant for the term of this Agreement, for any period, or at all, and shall not interfere in any way with the Companys right to terminate your Continuous Service at any time, with or without your cause or notice, or to conduct a reorganization.
11. W ITHHOLDING T AXES .
(a) On each vesting date, and on or before the time you receive a distribution of the shares of Common Stock in respect of your Restricted Stock Units, and at any other time as reasonably requested by the Company in accordance with applicable tax laws, you hereby authorize any required withholding from the Common Stock issuable to you and/or otherwise agree to make adequate provision, including in cash, for any sums required to satisfy the federal, state, local and foreign tax withholding obligations of the Company or any Affiliate that arise in connection with your Award (the Withholding Taxes ).
(b) By accepting this Award, you acknowledge and agree that the Company or any Affiliate may, in its sole discretion, satisfy all or any portion of the Withholding Taxes relating to your Restricted Stock Units by any of the following means or by a combination of such means: (i) causing you to pay any portion of the Withholding Taxes in cash; (ii) withholding from any compensation otherwise payable to you by the Company; (iii) withholding shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock issued or otherwise issuable to you in connection with the Award with a Fair Market Value (measured as of the date shares of Common Stock are issued pursuant to Section 6) equal to the amount of such Withholding Taxes; provided, however, that the number of such shares of Common Stock so withheld will not exceed the amount necessary to satisfy the Withholding Taxes using the minimum statutory withholding rates for federal, state, local and foreign tax purposes, including payroll taxes, that are applicable to supplemental taxable income; and provided , further, that to the extent necessary to qualify for an exemption from application of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, if applicable, such share withholding procedure will be subject to the express prior approval of the Board or the Companys Compensation Committee; and/or (iv) permitting or requiring you to enter into a same day sale commitment, if applicable, with a broker-dealer that is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (a FINRA Dealer ) whereby you irrevocably elect to sell a portion of the shares to be delivered in connection with your Restricted Stock Units to satisfy the Withholding Taxes and whereby the FINRA Dealer irrevocably commits to forward the proceeds necessary to satisfy the Withholding Taxes directly to the Company and/or its Affiliates.
(c) Unless the Withholding Taxes are satisfied, the Company shall have no obligation to deliver to you any Common Stock or any other consideration pursuant to this Award.
(d) In the event the Withholding Taxes arise prior to the delivery to you of Common Stock or it is determined after the delivery of Common Stock to you that the amount of the Withholding Taxes was greater than the amount withheld by the Company, you agree to indemnify and hold the Company harmless from any failure by the Company to withhold the proper amount.
12. T AX C ONSEQUENCES . The Company has no duty or obligation to minimize the tax consequences to you of this Award and shall not be liable to you for any adverse tax consequences to you arising in connection with this Award. You are hereby advised to consult with your own personal tax, financial and/or legal advisors regarding the tax consequences of this Award and by signing the Grant Notice, you have agreed that you have done so or knowingly and voluntarily declined to do so. You understand that you (and not the Company) shall be responsible for your own tax liability that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement.
13. U NSECURED O BLIGATION . Your Award is unfunded, and as a holder of a vested Award, you shall be considered an unsecured creditor of the Company with respect to the Companys obligation, if any, to issue shares or other property pursuant to this Agreement. You shall not have voting or any other rights as a stockholder of the Company with respect to the shares to be issued pursuant to this Agreement until such shares are issued to you pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement. Upon such issuance, you will obtain full voting and other rights as a stockholder of the Company. Nothing contained in this Agreement, and no action taken pursuant to its provisions, shall create or be construed to create a trust of any kind or a fiduciary relationship between you and the Company or any other person.
14. N OTICES . Any notice or request required or permitted hereunder shall be given in writing (including electronically) and will be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by mail by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, addressed to you at the last address you provided to the Company. The Company may, in its sole discretion, decide to deliver any documents related to participation in the Plan and this Award by electronic means or to request your consent to participate in the Plan by electronic means. By accepting this Award, you consent to receive such documents by electronic delivery and to participate in the Plan through an on-line or electronic system established and maintained by the Company or another third party designated by the Company.
15. H EADINGS . The headings of the Sections in this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute a part of this Agreement or to affect the meaning of this Agreement.
16. M ISCELLANEOUS .
(a) The rights and obligations of the Company under your Award shall be transferable by the Company to any one or more persons or entities, and all covenants and agreements hereunder shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by, the Companys successors and assigns.
(b) You agree upon request to execute any further documents or instruments necessary or desirable in the sole determination of the Company to carry out the purposes or intent of your Award.
(c) You acknowledge and agree that you have reviewed your Award in its entirety, have had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing and accepting your Award and fully understand all provisions of your Award.
(d) This Agreement shall be subject to all applicable laws, rules, and regulations, and to such approvals by any governmental agencies or national securities exchanges as may be required.
(e) All obligations of the Company under the Plan and this Agreement shall be binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company.
17. G OVERNING P LAN D OCUMENT . Your Award is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of which are hereby made a part of your Award, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan. Your Award (and any compensation paid or shares issued under your Award) is subject to recoupment in accordance with The DoddFrank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and any implementing regulations thereunder, any clawback policy adopted by the Company and any compensation recovery policy otherwise required by applicable law. No recovery of compensation under such a clawback policy will be an event giving rise to a right to voluntarily terminate employment upon a resignation for good reason, or for a constructive termination or any similar term under any plan of or agreement with the Company.
18. E FFECT ON O THER E MPLOYEE B ENEFIT P LANS . The value of the Award subject to this Agreement shall not be included as compensation, earnings, salaries, or other similar terms used when calculating benefits under any employee benefit plan (other than the Plan) sponsored by the Company or any Affiliate except as such plan otherwise expressly provides. The Company expressly reserves its rights to amend, modify, or terminate any or all of the employee benefit plans of the Company or any Affiliate.
19. S EVERABILITY . If all or any part of this Agreement or the Plan is declared by any court or governmental authority to be unlawful or invalid, such unlawfulness or invalidity shall not invalidate any portion of this Agreement or the Plan not declared to be unlawful or invalid. Any Section of this Agreement (or part of such a Section) so declared to be unlawful or invalid shall, if possible, be construed in a manner which will give effect to the terms of such Section or part of a Section to the fullest extent possible while remaining lawful and valid.
20. O THER D OCUMENTS . You hereby acknowledge receipt or the right to receive a document providing the information required by Rule 428(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Act. In addition, you acknowledge receipt of the Companys policy permitting certain individuals to sell shares only during certain window periods and the Companys insider trading policy, in effect from time to time.
21. A MENDMENT . This Agreement may not be modified, amended or terminated except by an instrument in writing, signed by you and by a duly authorized representative of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, this Agreement may be amended solely by the Board by a writing which specifically states that it is amending this Agreement, so long as a copy of such amendment is delivered to you, and provided that, except as otherwise expressly provided in the Plan, no such amendment materially adversely affecting your rights hereunder may be made without your written consent. Without limiting the foregoing, the Board reserves the right to change, by written notice to you, the provisions of this Agreement in any way it may deem necessary or advisable to carry out the purpose of the Award as a result of any change in applicable laws or regulations or any future law, regulation, ruling, or judicial decision, provided that any such change shall be applicable only to rights relating to that portion of the Award which is then subject to restrictions as provided herein.
22. C OMPLIANCE WITH S ECTION 409A OF THE C ODE . This Award is intended to be exempt from the application of Section 409A of the Code, including but not limited to by reason of complying with the short-term deferral rule set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(4) and any ambiguities herein shall be interpreted accordingly. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if it is determined that the Award fails to satisfy the requirements of the short-term deferral rule and is otherwise not exempt from, and determined to be deferred compensation subject to Section 409A of the Code, this Award shall comply with Section 409A to the extent necessary to avoid adverse personal tax consequences and any ambiguities herein shall be interpreted accordingly. If it is determined that the Award is deferred compensation subject to Section 409A and you are a Specified Employee (within the meaning set forth in Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) of the Code) as of the date of your Separation from Service, then the issuance of any shares that would otherwise be made upon the date of your Separation from Service or within the first six (6) months thereafter will not be made on the originally scheduled date(s) and will instead be issued in a lump sum on the date that is six (6) months and one day after the date of the Separation from Service, with the balance of the shares issued thereafter in accordance with the original
vesting and issuance schedule set forth above, but if and only if such delay in the issuance of the shares is necessary to avoid the imposition of adverse taxation on you in respect of the shares under Section 409A of the Code. Each installment of shares that vests is intended to constitute a separate payment for purposes of Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-2(b)(2).
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This Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement shall be deemed to be signed by the Company and the Participant upon the signing by the Participant of the Restricted Stock Unit Grant Notice to which it is attached.
A TTACHMENT II
2018 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN
Exhibit 10.23
I NDEMNITY A GREEMENT
T HIS I NDEMNITY A GREEMENT (the Agreement ) is made and entered into as of ______________, 201__, between ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the Company ), and ___________ ( Indemnitee ).
RECITALS
A. Highly competent persons have become more reluctant to serve corporations as directors or officers or in other capacities unless they are provided with adequate protection through insurance or adequate indemnification against inordinate risks of claims and actions against them arising out of their service to and activities on behalf of the corporation;
B. Although the furnishing of such insurance to protect persons serving a corporation and its subsidiaries from certain liabilities has been a customary and widespread practice among United States-based corporations and other business enterprises, the Company believes that, given current market conditions and trends, such insurance may be available to it in the future only at higher premiums and with more exclusions. At the same time, directors, officers, and other persons in service to corporations or business enterprises are being increasingly subjected to expensive and time-consuming litigation relating to, among other things, matters that traditionally would have been brought only against the Company or business enterprise itself. The Bylaws and Certificate of Incorporation of the Company require indemnification of the officers and directors of the Company. Indemnitee may also be entitled to indemnification pursuant to the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware ( DGCL ). The Bylaws, Certificate of Incorporation and the DGCL expressly provide that the indemnification provisions set forth therein are not exclusive, and thereby contemplate that contracts may be entered into between the Company and members of the Board, officers and other persons with respect to indemnification;
C. The uncertainties relating to such liability insurance and to indemnification have increased the difficulty of attracting and retaining such persons;
D. The Board has determined that the increased difficulty in attracting and retaining such persons is detrimental to the best interests of the Companys stockholders and that the Company should act to assure such persons that there will be increased certainty of such protection in the future;
E. It is reasonable, prudent and necessary for the Company to contractually obligate itself to indemnify, and to advance expenses on behalf of, such persons to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law so that they will serve or continue to serve the Company free from undue concern that they will not be so indemnified;
F. This Agreement is a supplement to and in furtherance of the Bylaws and Certificate of Incorporation of the Company and any resolutions adopted pursuant thereto and shall not be deemed a substitute therefor, nor to diminish or abrogate any rights of Indemnitee thereunder; and
G. Indemnitee does not regard the protection available under the Companys Bylaws and Certificate of Incorporation and insurance as adequate in the present circumstances, and may not be willing to serve as an officer or director without adequate protection, and the Company desires Indemnitee to serve in such capacity. Indemnitee is willing to serve, continue to serve and to take on additional service for or on behalf of the Company on the condition that he or she be so indemnified; and
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H. Indemnitee may have certain rights to indemnification and/or insurance provided by other entities and/or organizations which Indemnitee and such other entities and/or organizations intend to be secondary to the primary obligation of the Company to indemnify Indemnitee as provided herein, with the Companys acknowledgement and agreement to the foregoing being a material condition to Indemnitees willingness to serve on the Board.
I. This Agreement supersedes and replaces in its entirety any previous Indemnification Agreement entered into between the Company and the Indemnitee.
N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of Indemnitees agreement to serve as an officer or a director from and after the date hereof, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1. Indemnity of Indemnitee . The Company hereby agrees to hold harmless and indemnify Indemnitee to the fullest extent permitted by law, as such may be amended from time to time pursuant to, and in accordance with, the terms of this Agreement. In furtherance of the foregoing indemnification, and without limiting the generality thereof:
(a) Proceedings Other Than Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company . Indemnitee shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section l(a) if, by reason of his or her Corporate Status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding other than a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company. Pursuant to this Section 1(a), Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her, or on his or her behalf, in connection with such Proceeding or any claim, issue or matter therein, if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the Indemnitees conduct was unlawful.
(b) Proceedings by or in the Right of the Company . Indemnitee shall be entitled to the rights of indemnification provided in this Section 1(b) if, by reason of his Corporate Status, the Indemnitee is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the Company. Pursuant to this Section 1(b), Indemnitee shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by the Indemnitee, or on the Indemnitees behalf, in connection with such Proceeding if the Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company; provided , however , if applicable law so provides, no indemnification against such Expenses shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter in such Proceeding as to which Indemnitee shall have been adjudged to be liable to the Company unless and to the extent that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall determine that such indemnification may be made.
(c) Indemnification for Expenses of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of his or her Corporate Status, a party to and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding, he or she shall be indemnified to the maximum extent permitted by law, as such may be amended from time to time, against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf in connection therewith. If Indemnitee is not wholly successful in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such Proceeding, the Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this Section and without limitation, the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful result as to such claim, issue or matter.
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(d) Indemnification of Related Parties . If (i) Indemnitee is or was affiliated with one or more venture capital or private equity funds that have invested in the Company (a Nominating Stockholder ), (ii) the Nominating Stockholder is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or a participant in any Proceeding, and (iii) the Nominating Stockholders involvement in the Proceeding results from any claim based on the Indemnitees service to the Company as a director or other fiduciary of the Company, then the Nominating Stockholder will be entitled to indemnification hereunder for reasonable Expenses to the same extent as Indemnitee, and the terms of this Agreement as they relate to procedures for indemnification of Indemnitee and advancement of Expenses shall apply to any such indemnification of the Nominating Stockholder.
2. Additional Indemnity . In addition to, and without regard to any limitations on, the indemnification provided for in Section 1 of this Agreement, the Company shall and hereby does indemnify and hold harmless Indemnitee against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf if, by reason of his or her Corporate Status, he or she is, or is threatened to be made, a party to or participant in any Proceeding (including a Proceeding by or in the right of the Company), including, without limitation, any and all liability arising out of the negligence or active or passive wrongdoing of Indemnitee. The only limitation that shall exist upon the Companys obligations pursuant to this Agreement shall be that the Company shall not be obligated to make any payment to Indemnitee that is finally determined (under the procedures, and subject to the presumptions, set forth in Sections 6 and 7 hereof) to be unlawful.
3. Contribution .
(a) Whether or not the indemnification provided in Sections 1 and 2 hereof is available, in respect of any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), the Company shall pay, in the first instance, the entire amount of any judgment or settlement of such action, suit or proceeding without requiring Indemnitee to contribute to such payment, and the Company hereby waives and relinquishes any right of contribution it may have against Indemnitee. The Company shall not enter into any settlement of any action, suit or proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding) unless such settlement provides for a full and final release of all claims asserted against Indemnitee. The Company shall not settle any action or claim in a manner that would impose any penalty or admission of guilt or liability on Indemnitee without Indemnitees written consent.
(b) Without diminishing or impairing the obligations of the Company set forth in the preceding subparagraph, if, for any reason, Indemnitee shall elect or be required to pay all or any portion of any judgment or settlement in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding in which the Company is jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), the Company shall contribute to the amount of Expenses, judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred and paid or payable by Indemnitee in proportion to the relative benefits received by the Company and all officers, directors or employees of the Company, other than Indemnitee, who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and Indemnitee, on the other hand, from the transaction from which such action, suit or proceeding arose; provided, however, that the proportion determined on the basis of relative benefit may, to the extent necessary to conform to law, be further adjusted by reference to the relative fault of the Company and all officers, directors or employees of the Company other than Indemnitee who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and
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Indemnitee, on the other hand, in connection with the events that resulted in such expenses, judgments, fines or settlement amounts, as well as any other equitable considerations which the applicable law may require to be considered. The relative fault of the Company and all officers, directors or employees of the Company, other than Indemnitee, who are jointly liable with Indemnitee (or would be if joined in such action, suit or proceeding), on the one hand, and Indemnitee, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, the degree to which their actions were motivated by intent to gain personal profit or advantage, the degree to which their liability is primary or secondary and the degree to which their respective conduct is active or passive.
(c) The Company hereby agrees to fully indemnify and hold Indemnitee harmless from any claims of contribution which may be brought by officers, directors or employees of the Company, other than Indemnitee, who may be jointly liable with Indemnitee.
(d) To the fullest extent permissible under applicable law, if the indemnification provided for in this Agreement is unavailable to Indemnitee for any reason whatsoever, the Company, in lieu of indemnifying Indemnitee, shall contribute to the amount incurred by Indemnitee, whether for judgments, fines, penalties, excise taxes, amounts paid or to be paid in settlement and/or for Expenses, in connection with any claim relating to an indemnifiable event under this Agreement, in such proportion as is deemed fair and reasonable in light of all of the circumstances of such Proceeding in order to reflect (i) the relative benefits received by the Company and Indemnitee as a result of the event(s) and/or transaction(s) giving cause to such Proceeding; and/or (ii) the relative fault of the Company (and its directors, officers, employees and agents) and Indemnitee in connection with such event(s) and/or transaction(s).
4. Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that Indemnitee is, by reason of his or her Corporate Status, a witness, or is made (or asked) to respond to discovery requests, in any Proceeding to which Indemnitee is not a party, he or she shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by him or her or on his or her behalf in connection therewith.
5. Advancement of Expenses . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company shall advance all Expenses incurred by or on behalf of Indemnitee in connection with any Proceeding by reason of Indemnitees Corporate Status within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of a statement or statements from Indemnitee requesting such advance or advances from time to time, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall include or be preceded or accompanied by a written undertaking by or on behalf of Indemnitee to repay any Expenses advanced if it shall ultimately be determined that Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified against such Expenses. Any advances and undertakings to repay pursuant to this Section 5 shall be unsecured and interest free.
6. Procedures and Presumptions for Determination of Entitlement to Indemnification . It is the intent of this Agreement to secure for Indemnitee rights of indemnity that are as favorable as may be permitted under the DGCL and public policy of the State of Delaware. Accordingly, the parties agree that the following procedures and presumptions shall apply in the event of any question as to whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement:
(a) To obtain indemnification under this Agreement, Indemnitee shall submit to the Company a written request, including therein or therewith such documentation and information as is reasonably available to Indemnitee and is reasonably necessary to determine whether and to what extent Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification. The Secretary of the Company shall, promptly upon receipt of such a request for indemnification, advise the Board in writing that Indemnitee has requested
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indemnification. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any failure of Indemnitee to provide such a request to the Company, or to provide such a request in a timely fashion, shall not relieve the Company of any liability that it may have to Indemnitee unless, and to the extent that, such failure actually and materially prejudices the interests of the Company.
(b) Upon written request by Indemnitee for indemnification pursuant to the first sentence of Section 6(a) hereof, a determination with respect to Indemnitees entitlement thereto shall be made in the specific case by one of the following four methods, which shall be at the election of the Board: (i) unless a Change in Control has occurred: (1) by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum, (2) by a committee of Disinterested Directors designated by a majority vote of the Disinterested Directors, even though less than a quorum, (3) if there are no Disinterested Directors or if the Disinterested Directors so direct, by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee, or (4) if so directed by the Board, by the stockholders of the Company; and (ii) if a Change in Control has occurred, then by Independent Counsel in a written opinion to the Board, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Indemnitee. For purposes hereof, Disinterested Directors are those members of the Board who are not parties to the action, suit or proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.
(c) If the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by Independent Counsel pursuant to Section 6(b) hereof, the Independent Counsel shall be selected as provided in this Section 6(c). The Independent Counsel shall be selected by the Board. Indemnitee may, within 10 days after such written notice of selection shall have been given, deliver to the Company a written objection to such selection; provided, however, that such objection may be asserted only on the ground that the Independent Counsel so selected does not meet the requirements of Independent Counsel as defined in Section 13 of this Agreement, and the objection shall set forth with particularity the factual basis of such assertion. Absent a proper and timely objection, the person so selected shall act as Independent Counsel. If a written objection is made and substantiated, the Independent Counsel selected may not serve as Independent Counsel unless and until such objection is withdrawn or a court has determined that such objection is without merit. If, within 20 days after submission by Indemnitee of a written request for indemnification pursuant to Section 6(a) hereof, no Independent Counsel shall have been selected and not objected to, either the Company or Indemnitee may petition the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or other court of competent jurisdiction for resolution of any objection which shall have been made by the Indemnitee to the Companys selection of Independent Counsel and/or for the appointment as Independent Counsel of a person selected by the court or by such other person as the court shall designate, and the person with respect to whom all objections are so resolved or the person so appointed shall act as Independent Counsel under Section 6(b) hereof. The Company shall pay any and all reasonable fees and expenses of Independent Counsel incurred by such Independent Counsel in connection with acting pursuant to Section 6(b) hereof, and the Company shall pay all reasonable fees and expenses incident to the procedures of this Section 6(c), regardless of the manner in which such Independent Counsel was selected or appointed. In no event shall Indemnitee be liable for fees and expenses incurred by such Independent Counsel, subject to the limitations on indemnification set forth herein.
(d) In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons or entity making such determination shall presume that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification under this Agreement. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence. Neither the failure of the Company (including by its Board or Independent Counsel) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of any action pursuant to this Agreement that indemnification is proper in the circumstances because Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct, nor an actual determination by the Company (including by its Board or Independent Counsel) that Indemnitee has not
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met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
(e) Indemnitee shall be deemed to have acted in good faith if Indemnitees action is based on the records or books of account of the Enterprise, including financial statements, or on information supplied to Indemnitee by the officers of the Enterprise in the course of their duties, or on the advice of legal counsel for the Enterprise or on information or records given or reports made to the Enterprise by an independent certified public accountant or by an appraiser or other expert selected with reasonable care by the Enterprise. In addition, the knowledge and/or actions, or failure to act, of any director, officer, agent or employee of the Enterprise shall not be imputed to Indemnitee for purposes of determining the right to indemnification under this Agreement. Whether or not the foregoing provisions of this Section 6(e) are satisfied, it shall in any event be presumed that Indemnitee has at all times acted in good faith and in a manner he reasonably believed to be in, or not opposed to, the best interests of the Company. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.
(f) If the person, persons or entity empowered or selected under Section 6 to determine whether Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification shall not have made a determination within 60 days after receipt by the Company of the request therefor, the requisite determination of entitlement to indemnification shall be deemed to have been made, and Indemnitee shall be entitled to such indemnification absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitees statement not materially misleading in connection with the request for indemnification or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law; provided, however, that such 60 day period may be extended for a reasonable time, not to exceed an additional 30 days, if the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification in good faith requires such additional time to obtain or evaluate documentation and/or information relating thereto; and provided, further, that the foregoing provisions of this Section 6(f) shall not apply if the determination of entitlement to indemnification is to be made by the stockholders pursuant to Section 6(b) of this Agreement and if (A) within 15 days after receipt by the Company of the request for such determination, the Board or the Disinterested Directors, if appropriate, resolve to submit such determination to the stockholders for their consideration at an annual meeting thereof to be held within 75 days after such receipt and such determination is made thereat, or (B) a special meeting of stockholders is called within 15 days after such receipt for the purpose of making such determination, such meeting is held for such purpose within 60 days after having been so called and such determination is made thereat.
(g) Indemnitee shall cooperate with the person, persons or entity making such determination with respect to Indemnitees entitlement to indemnification, including providing to such person, persons or entity upon reasonable advance request any documentation or information which is not privileged or otherwise protected from disclosure and which is reasonably available to Indemnitee and reasonably necessary to such determination. Any Independent Counsel, member of the Board or stockholder of the Company shall act reasonably and in good faith in making a determination regarding the Indemnitees entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement. Any costs or expenses (including attorneys fees and disbursements) incurred by Indemnitee in so cooperating with the person, persons or entity making such determination shall be borne by the Company (irrespective of the determination as to Indemnitees entitlement to indemnification), and the Company hereby indemnifies and agrees to hold Indemnitee harmless therefrom.
(h) The Company acknowledges that a settlement or other disposition short of final judgment may be successful if it permits a party to avoid expense, delay, distraction, disruption and uncertainty. In the event that any action, claim or proceeding to which Indemnitee is a party is resolved in any manner other than by adverse judgment against Indemnitee (including, without limitation,
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settlement of such action, claim or proceeding with or without payment of money or other consideration) it shall be presumed that Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in such action, suit or proceeding. Anyone seeking to overcome this presumption shall have the burden of proof and the burden of persuasion by clear and convincing evidence.
(i) The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order, settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement) of itself adversely affect the right of Indemnitee to indemnification or create a presumption that Indemnitee did not act in good faith and in a manner which he or she reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company or, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, that Indemnitee had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful.
7. Remedies of Indemnitee .
(a) In the event that (i) a determination is made pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification under this Agreement, (ii) advancement of Expenses is not timely made pursuant to Section 5 of this Agreement, (iii) no determination of entitlement to indemnification is made pursuant to Section 6(b) of this Agreement within 90 days after receipt by the Company of the request for indemnification, (iv) payment of indemnification is not made pursuant to this Agreement within 10 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefor or (v) payment of indemnification is not made within 10 days after a determination has been made that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification or such determination is deemed to have been made pursuant to Section 6 of this Agreement, Indemnitee shall be entitled to an adjudication in an appropriate court of the State of Delaware, or in any other court of competent jurisdiction, of Indemnitees entitlement to such indemnification. Indemnitee shall commence such proceeding seeking an adjudication within 1 year following the date on which Indemnitee first has the right to commence such proceeding pursuant to this Section 7(a). The Company shall not oppose Indemnitees right to seek any such adjudication.
(b) In the event that a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 6(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification, any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 7 shall be conducted in all respects as a de novo trial on the merits, and Indemnitee shall not be prejudiced by reason of the adverse determination under Section 6(b).
(c) If a determination shall have been made pursuant to Section 6(b) of this Agreement that Indemnitee is entitled to indemnification, the Company shall be bound by such determination in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 7, absent (i) a misstatement by Indemnitee of a material fact or an omission of a material fact necessary to make Indemnitees misstatement not materially misleading in connection with the application for indemnification or (ii) a prohibition of such indemnification under applicable law.
(d) In the event that Indemnitee, pursuant to this Section 7, seeks a judicial adjudication of his or her rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Agreement, or to recover under any directors and officers liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, the Company shall pay on his or her behalf, in advance, any and all expenses (of the types described in the definition of Expenses in Section 13 of this Agreement) actually and reasonably incurred by him or her in such judicial adjudication, regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement of expenses or insurance recovery.
(e) The Company shall be precluded from asserting in any judicial proceeding commenced pursuant to this Section 7 that the procedures and presumptions of this Agreement are not
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valid, binding and enforceable and shall stipulate in any such court that the Company is bound by all the provisions of this Agreement. The Company shall indemnify Indemnitee against any and all Expenses and, if requested by Indemnitee, shall (within 10 days after receipt by the Company of a written request therefore) advance, to the extent not prohibited by law, such expenses to Indemnitee, which are incurred by Indemnitee in connection with any action brought by Indemnitee for indemnification or advance of Expenses from the Company under this Agreement or under any directors and officers liability insurance policies maintained by the Company, regardless of whether Indemnitee ultimately is determined to be entitled to such indemnification, advancement of Expenses or insurance recovery, as the case may be.
(f) Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, no determination as to entitlement to indemnification under this Agreement shall be required to be made prior to the final disposition of the Proceeding.
8. Non-Exclusivity; Survival of Rights; Insurance; Primacy of Indemnification; Subrogation .
(a) The rights of indemnification as provided by this Agreement shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which Indemnitee may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the Bylaws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders, a resolution of Board or otherwise. No amendment, alteration or repeal of this Agreement or of any provision hereof shall limit or restrict any right of Indemnitee under this Agreement in respect of any action taken or omitted by such Indemnitee in his or her Corporate Status prior to such amendment, alteration or repeal. To the extent that a change in the DGCL, whether by statute or judicial decision, permits greater indemnification than would be afforded currently under the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws and this Agreement, it is the intent of the parties hereto that Indemnitee shall enjoy all greater benefits so afforded by such change. No right or remedy herein conferred is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every other right and remedy shall be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other right or remedy.
(b) To the extent that the Company maintains an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for directors, officers, employees, or agents or fiduciaries of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person serves at the request of the Company, the Company shall procure such insurance policy or policies under which the Indemnitee shall be covered in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary under such policy or policies. If, at the time of the receipt of a notice of a claim pursuant to the terms hereof, the Company has director and officer liability insurance in effect, the Company shall give prompt notice of the commencement of such proceeding to the insurers in accordance with the procedures set forth in the respective policies. The Company shall thereafter take all necessary or desirable action to cause such insurers to pay, on behalf of the Indemnitee, all amounts payable as a result of such proceeding in accordance with the terms of such policies.
(c) The Company hereby acknowledges that Indemnitee has or may have in the future certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by other entities and/or organizations (collectively, the Secondary Indemnitors ). The Company hereby agrees (i) that it is the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to Indemnitee are primary and any obligation of the Secondary Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by Indemnitee are secondary), (ii) that it shall be required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by Indemnitee and shall be liable for the full amount of all Expenses, judgments,
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penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement to the extent legally permitted and as required by the terms of this Agreement and the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Company (or any other agreement between the Company and Indemnitee), without regard to any rights Indemnitee may have against the Secondary Indemnitors, and (iii) that it irrevocably waives, relinquishes and releases the Secondary Indemnitors from any and all claims against the Secondary Indemnitors for contribution, subrogation or any other recovery of any kind in respect thereof. The Company further agrees that no advancement or payment by the Secondary Indemnitors on behalf of Indemnitee with respect to any claim for which Indemnitee has sought indemnification from the Company shall affect the foregoing and the Secondary Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee against the Company. The Company and Indemnitee agree that the Secondary Indemnitors are express third party beneficiaries of the terms of this Section 8(c).
(d) Except as provided in paragraph (c) above, in the event of any payment under this Agreement, the Company shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of Indemnitee (other than against the Secondary Indemnitors), who shall execute all papers required and take all action necessary to secure such rights, including execution of such documents as are necessary to enable the Company to bring suit to enforce such rights.
(e) Except as provided in paragraph (c) above, the Company shall not be liable under this Agreement to make any payment of amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that Indemnitee has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy, contract, agreement or otherwise.
(f) Except as provided in paragraph (c) above, the Companys obligation to indemnify or advance Expenses hereunder to Indemnitee who is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise shall be reduced by any amount Indemnitee has actually received as indemnification or advancement of expenses from such other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise.
9. Exceptions to Right of Indemnification . Notwithstanding any provision in this Agreement, the Company shall not be obligated under this Agreement to make any indemnity in connection with any claim made against Indemnitee:
(a) for which payment has actually been made to or on behalf of Indemnitee under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision, except with respect to any excess beyond the amount paid under any insurance policy or other indemnity provision, provided, that the foregoing shall not affect the rights of Indemnitee or the Secondary Indemnitors set forth in Section 8(c) above;
(b) for an accounting of profits made from the purchase and sale (or sale and purchase) by Indemnitee of securities of the Company within the meaning of Section 16(b) of the Exchange Act, or similar provisions of state statutory law or common law;
(c) in connection with any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee, including any Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) initiated by Indemnitee against the Company or its directors, officers, employees or other indemnitees, unless (i) the Board authorized the Proceeding (or any part of any Proceeding) prior to its initiation or (ii) the Company provides the indemnification, in its sole discretion, pursuant to the powers vested in the Company under applicable law;
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(d) with respect to remuneration paid to Indemnitee if it is determined by final judgment or other final adjudication that such remuneration was in violation of law (and, in this respect, both the Company and Indemnitee have been advised that the Securities and Exchange Commission believes that indemnification for liabilities arising under the federal securities laws is against public policy and is, therefore, unenforceable and that claims for indemnification should be submitted to appropriate courts for adjudication, as indicated in the last paragraph of this Section 9 below);
(e) a final judgment or other final adjudication is made that Indemnitees conduct was in bad faith, knowingly fraudulent or deliberately dishonest or constituted willful misconduct (but only to the extent of such specific determination);
(f) in connection with any claim for reimbursement of the Company by Indemnitee of any bonus or other incentive-based or equity-based compensation or of any profits realized by Indemnitee from the sale of securities of the Company, as required in each case under the Exchange Act (including any such reimbursements that arise from an accounting restatement of the Company pursuant to Section 304 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or the payment to the Company of profits arising from the purchase and sale by Indemnitee of securities in violation of Section 306 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), if Indemnitee is held liable therefor (including pursuant to any settlement); or
(g) on account of conduct that is established by a final judgment as constituting a breach of Indemnitees duty of loyalty to the Company or resulting in any personal profit or advantage to which Indemnitee is not legally entitled.
For purposes of this Section 9, a final judgment or other adjudication may be reached in either the underlying proceeding or action in connection with which indemnification is sought or a separate proceeding or action to establish rights and liabilities under this Agreement.
Any provision herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Company shall not be obligated pursuant to the terms of this Agreement to indemnify Indemnitee or otherwise act in violation of any undertaking appearing in and required by the rules and regulations promulgated under the Securities Act, or in any registration statement filed with the SEC under the Securities Act. Indemnitee acknowledges that paragraph (h) of Item 512 of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act currently generally requires the Company to undertake, in connection with any registration statement filed under the Securities Act, to submit the issue of the enforceability of Indemnitees rights under this Agreement in connection with any liability under the Securities Act on public policy grounds to a court of appropriate jurisdiction and to be governed by any final adjudication of such issue. Indemnitee specifically agrees that any such undertaking shall supersede the provisions of this Agreement and to be bound by any such undertaking.
10. Duration of Agreement . All agreements and obligations of the Company contained herein shall continue during the period Indemnitee is an officer or director of the Company (or is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise) and shall continue thereafter so long as Indemnitee shall be subject to any Proceeding (or any proceeding commenced under Section 7 hereof) by reason of his or her Corporate Status, whether or not he or she is acting or serving in any such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification can be provided under this Agreement. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the parties hereto and their respective successors (including any direct or indirect successor by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company), assigns, spouses, heirs, executors and personal and legal representatives.
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11. Security . To the extent requested by Indemnitee and approved by the Board, the Company may at any time and from time to time provide security to Indemnitee for the Companys obligations hereunder through an irrevocable bank line of credit, funded trust or other collateral. Any such security, once provided to Indemnitee, may not be revoked or released without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee.
12. Enforcement .
(a) The Company expressly confirms and agrees that it has entered into this Agreement and assumes the obligations imposed on it hereby in order to induce Indemnitee to serve as an officer or director of the Company, and the Company acknowledges that Indemnitee is relying upon this Agreement in serving as an officer or director of the Company.
(b) Other than as provided herein, this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings, oral, written and implied, between the parties hereto with respect to the subject matter hereof.
13. Definitions . For purposes of this Agreement:
(a) Beneficial Owner shall have the meaning given to such term in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Beneficial Owner shall exclude any Person otherwise becoming a Beneficial Owner by reason of the stockholders of the Company approving a merger of the Company with another entity.
(b) Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
(c) Change in Control means the earliest to occur after the date of this Agreement of any of the following events:
(i) Acquisition of Stock by Third Party . Any Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner (as defined above), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 25% or more of the combined voting power of the Companys then outstanding securities;
(ii) Change in Board . During any period of 2 consecutive years (not including any period prior to the execution of this Agreement), individuals who at the beginning of such period constitute the Board, and any new director (other than a director designated by a person who has entered into an agreement with the Company to effect a transaction described in clause (i), (ii) or (iv) of this definition of Change in control) whose election by the Board or nomination for election by the Companys stockholders was approved by a vote of at least two-thirds of the directors then still in office who either were directors at the beginning of the period or whose election or nomination for election was previously so approved, cease for any reason to constitute a least a majority of the members of the Board;
(iii) Corporate Transactions . The effective date of a merger or consolidation of the Company with any other entity, other than a merger or consolidation which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior to such merger or consolidation continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of the surviving entity) more than 51% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the surviving entity outstanding immediately after such merger or consolidation and with the power to elect at least a majority of the Board or other governing body of such surviving entity;
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(iv) Liquidation . The approval by the stockholders of the Company of a complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Companys assets; and
(v) Other Events . There occurs any other event of a nature that would be required to be reported in response to Item 6(e) of Schedule 14A of Regulation 14A (or a response to any similar item on any similar schedule or form) promulgated under the Exchange Act, whether or not the Company is then subject to such reporting requirement.
(d) Corporate Status describes the status of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of the Company or of any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that such person is or was serving at the express written request of the Company.
(e) Disinterested Director means a non-executive director of the Company who is not and was not a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by Indemnitee.
(f) Enterprise shall mean the Company and any other corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise that Indemnitee is or was serving at the express written request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary.
(g) Exchange Act shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(h) Expenses shall include all documented and reasonable attorneys fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees and all other disbursements or expenses of the types customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating, participating, or being or preparing to be a witness in a Proceeding, or responding to, or objecting to, a request to provide discovery in any Proceeding. Expenses also shall include Expenses incurred in connection with any appeal resulting from any Proceeding and any federal, state, local or foreign taxes imposed on the Indemnitee as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Agreement, including without limitation the premium, security for, and other costs relating to any cost bond, supersede as bond, or other appeal bond or its equivalent. Expenses, however, shall not include amounts paid in settlement by Indemnitee or the amount of judgments or fines against Indemnitee.
(i) Independent Counsel means a law firm, or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and neither presently is, nor in the past five years has been, retained to represent: (i) the Company or Indemnitee in any matter material to either such party (other than with respect to matters concerning Indemnitee under this Agreement, or of other indemnitees under similar indemnification agreements), or (ii) any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the term Independent Counsel shall not include any person who, under the applicable standards of professional conduct then prevailing, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the Company or Indemnitee in an action to determine Indemnitees rights under this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay the reasonable fees of the Independent Counsel referred to above and to fully indemnify such counsel against any and all Expenses, claims, liabilities and damages arising out of or relating to this Agreement or its engagement pursuant hereto.
(j) Person for purposes of the definition of Beneficial Owner and Change in Control set forth above, shall have the meaning as set forth in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act; provided, however, that Person shall exclude (i) the Company, (ii) any trustee or other fiduciary holding securities under an employee benefit plan of the Company, and (iii) any corporation owned, directly or indirectly, by the stockholders of the Company in substantially the same proportions as their ownership of stock of the Company.
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(k) Proceeding includes any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding, whether brought by or in the right of the Company or otherwise and whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, in which Indemnitee was, is or will be involved as a party or otherwise, by reason of the fact that Indemnitee is or was an officer or director of the Company, by reason of any action taken by him or her or of any inaction on his or her part while acting as an officer or director of the Company, or by reason of the fact that he or she is or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee, agent or fiduciary of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other Enterprise; in each case whether or not he or she is acting or serving in any such capacity at the time any liability or expense is incurred for which indemnification can be provided under this Agreement; including one pending on or before the date of this Agreement, but excluding one initiated by an Indemnitee pursuant to Section 7 of this Agreement to enforce his or her rights under this Agreement.
(l) Sarbanes-Oxley Act shall mean the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended.
(m) SEC shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission.
(n) Securities Act shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
14. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision. Further, the invalidity or unenforceability of any provision hereof as to the Indemnitee shall in no way affect the validity or enforceability of any provision hereof as to the other. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, this Agreement is intended to confer upon Indemnitee indemnification rights to the fullest extent permitted by applicable laws. In the event any provision hereof conflicts with any applicable law, such provision shall be deemed modified, consistent with the aforementioned intent, to the extent necessary to resolve such conflict.
15. Modification and Waiver . No supplement, modification, termination or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding unless executed in writing by both of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provisions hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver.
16. Notice By Indemnitee . Indemnitee agrees promptly to notify the Company in writing upon being served with or otherwise receiving any summons, citation, subpoena, complaint, indictment, information or other document relating to any Proceeding or matter which may be subject to indemnification covered hereunder. The failure to so notify the Company shall not relieve the Company of any obligation which it may have to Indemnitee under this Agreement or otherwise unless and only to the extent that such failure or delay materially prejudices the Company.
17. Notices . All notices and other communications given or made pursuant to this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed effectively given: (a) upon personal delivery to the party to be notified, (b) when sent by confirmed electronic mail or facsimile if sent during normal business hours of the recipient, and if not so confirmed, then on the next business day, (c) 5 days after having been sent by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or (d) one (1) day after deposit with a nationally recognized overnight courier, specifying next day delivery, with written verification of receipt. All communications shall be sent:
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(a) To Indemnitee at the address set forth below Indemnitees signature hereto.
(b) To the Company at:
ConvergeOne Holdings, Inc.
or to such other address as may have been furnished to Indemnitee by the Company or to the Company by Indemnitee, as the case may be.
18. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same Agreement. This Agreement may also be executed and delivered by facsimile signature, electronic mail (including .pdf or any electronic signature complying with the U.S. Federal ESIGN Act of 2000, e.g., www.docusign.com ) or other transmission method and in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument and be deemed to have been duly and validly delivered and be valid and effective for all purposes.
19. Headings . The headings of the paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not be deemed to constitute part of this Agreement or to affect the construction thereof.
20. Governing Law and Consent to Jurisdiction. This Agreement and the legal relations among the parties shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of Delaware, without regard to its conflict of laws rules. The Company and Indemnitee hereby irrevocably and unconditionally (i) agree that any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (the Delaware Court ), and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country, (ii) consent to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the Delaware Court for purposes of any action or proceeding arising out of or in connection with this Agreement, (iii) appoint, to the extent such party is not otherwise subject to service of process in the State of Delaware, irrevocably Corporation Service Company as its agent in the State of Delaware for acceptance of legal process in connection with any such action or proceeding against such party with the same legal force and validity as if served upon such party personally within the State of Delaware, (iv) waive any objection to the laying of venue of any such action or proceeding in the Delaware Court, and (v) waive, and agree not to plead or to make, any claim that any such action or proceeding brought in the Delaware Court has been brought in an improper or inconvenient forum.
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I N W ITNESS W HEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement on and as of the day and year first above written.
C ONVERGE O NE H OLDINGS , I NC . |
By: | ||
Name: | ||
Title: |
INDEMNITEE | ||
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Exhibit 23.1
INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMS CONSENT
We consent to the inclusion in this Registration Statement of Forum Merger Corporation (the Company) on Amendment No. 4 to Form S-4, File No. 333-221848, of our report dated April 7, 2017, which includes an explanatory paragraph as to the Companys ability to continue as a going concern, with respect to our audit of the financial statements of Forum Merger Corporation as of December 31, 2016 and for the period from November 17, 2016 (inception) through December 31, 2016, which report appears in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus, which is part of this Registration Statement. We also consent to the reference to our Firm under the heading Experts in such Proxy Statement/Prospectus.
/s/ Marcum LLP
Marcum LLP
New York, NY
February 1, 2018
Exhibit 23.2
Consent of Independent Auditor
We consent to the use in this Registration Statement (No. 333-221848) on Form S-4 of Forum Merger Corporation of our report dated March 27, 2017, relating to the consolidated financial statements of C1 Investment Corp., appearing in the Prospectus, which is a part of the Registration Statement.
We also consent to the reference of our firm under the heading Independent Auditors in such Prospectus.
/s/ RSM US LLP
Minneapolis, Minnesota
February 1, 2018