As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 14, 2018
Securities Act File No.
Investment Company Act File No. 811-23402
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT | ||||
UNDER | ||||
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 | ☒ | |||
Pre-Effective Amendment No. | ☐ | |||
Post-Effective Amendment No. | ☐ | |||
and/or | ||||
REGISTRATION STATEMENT | ||||
UNDER | ||||
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 | ☒ | |||
Amendment No. | ☐ | |||
(Check appropriate box or boxes) |
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809
United States of America
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
Registrants Telephone Number, including Area Code: (800) 441-7762
John M. Perlowski
BlackRock ETF Trust
55 East 52 nd Street
New York, New York 10055
United States of America
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copies to:
John A. MacKinnon, Esq. Sidley Austin LLP 787 Seventh Avenue New York, New York 10019-6018 |
Benjamin Archibald, Esq. BlackRock Fund Advisors 55 East 52 nd Street New York, New York 10055 |
Approximate Date of Proposed Public Offering: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.
Registrant elects to register an indefinite number of shares of beneficial interest pursuant to Rule 24f-2 under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until this Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to Section 8(a), may determine.
2018 Prospectus |
|
► | BlackRock U.S. Equity Factor Rotation ETF | ____ | ____ |
Ticker: ____ | Stock Exchange: ____ |
1 Year | 3 Years | |||
$____ | $____ |
Approximate
Value of a Creation Unit |
Creation
Unit Size |
Standard
Creation/ Redemption Transaction Fee |
Maximum
Additional
Charge for Creations* |
Maximum
Additional
Charge for Redemptions* |
||||
$____ | ____ | $____ | ____% | ____% |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemptions, of the standard redemption transaction fee. |
Call: | 1-800-441-7762 (toll free) |
Write: |
c/o
BlackRock Investments, LLC
1 University Square Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540 |
Fund | Ticker | Listing Exchange | ||
BlackRock U.S. Equity Factor Rotation ETF (the “Fund”) | ____ | ____ |
1. | Concentrate its investments in a particular industry, as that term is used in the Investment Company Act. |
2. | Borrow money, except as permitted under the Investment Company Act. |
3. | Issue senior securities to the extent such issuance would violate the Investment Company Act. |
4. | Purchase or hold real estate, except the Fund may purchase and hold securities or other instruments that are secured by, or linked to, real estate or interests therein, securities of REITs, mortgage-related securities and securities of issuers engaged in the real estate business, and the Fund may purchase and hold real estate as a result of the ownership of securities or other instruments. |
5. | Underwrite securities issued by others, except to the extent that the sale of portfolio securities by the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriting or as otherwise permitted by applicable law. |
6. | Purchase or sell commodities or commodity contracts, except as permitted by the Investment Company Act. |
7. | Make loans to the extent prohibited by the Investment Company Act. |
a. | Purchase securities of other investment companies, except to the extent permitted by the Investment Company Act. As a matter of policy, however, the Fund will not purchase shares of any registered open-end investment company or registered unit investment trust, in reliance on Section 12(d)(1)(F) or (G) (the “fund of funds” provisions) of the Investment Company Act, at any time the Fund has knowledge that its shares are purchased by another investment company investor in reliance on the provisions of subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1). |
b. | Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, except to the extent permitted by the Fund’s Prospectus and SAI, as amended from time to time, and applicable law. |
Name (Age) | Position |
Principal
Occupation(s)
During the Past 5 Years |
Other
Directorships
Held by Trustee |
|||
Name (Age) | Position |
Principal
Occupation(s)
During the Past 5 Years |
Other
Directorships
Held by Trustee |
|||
Name (Age) | Position |
Principal
Occupation(s)
During the Past 5 Years |
||
Name | Fund |
Dollar
Range of Equity
Securities in Named Fund |
Aggregate
Dollar Range
of Equity Securities in all Registered Investment Companies Overseen by Trustee in Family of Investment Companies |
|||
Name |
BlackRock
U.S. Equity
Factor Rotation ETF |
Pension
or
Retirement Benefits Accrued As Part of Trust Expenses |
Estimated
Annual
Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total
Compensation From the Fund and Fund Complex |
||||
Independent Trustees: | ||||||||
Name |
BlackRock
U.S. Equity
Factor Rotation ETF |
Pension
or
Retirement Benefits Accrued As Part of Trust Expenses |
Estimated
Annual
Benefits Upon Retirement |
Total
Compensation From the Fund and Fund Complex |
||||
Interested Trustees: | ||||||||
Ked Hogan | ||||
Types of Accounts | Number | Total Assets | ||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ |
Ked Hogan | ||||
Types of Accounts | Number | Total Assets | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Phil Hodges | ||||
Types of Accounts | Number | Total Assets | ||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Michael Gates | ||||
Types of Accounts | Number | Total Assets | ||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Ked Hogan | ||||
Types of Accounts |
Number
of Other Accounts
with Performance Fees Managed by Portfolio Manager |
Aggregate
of Total Assets |
||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Phil Hodges | ||||
Types of Accounts |
Number
of Other Accounts
with Performance Fees Managed by Portfolio Manager |
Aggregate
of Total Assets |
||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Michael Gates | ||||
Types of Accounts |
Number
of Other Accounts
with Performance Fees Managed by Portfolio Manager |
Aggregate
of Total Assets |
||
Registered Investment Companies | ____ | $____ | ||
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles | ____ | ____ | ||
Other Accounts | ____ | ____ |
Shares
Per
Creation Unit |
Approximate
Value Per Creation Unit (U.S.$) |
|
_____ | $___ |
Standard
Creation
Transaction Fee |
Maximum
Additional
Charge* |
|
$____ | ___% |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit. |
Standard
Redemption
Transaction Fee |
Maximum
Additional
Charge* |
|
$____ | __% |
* | As a percentage of the net asset value per Creation Unit, inclusive of the standard redemption transaction fee. |
• | Boards and directors; |
• | Auditors and audit-related issues; |
• | Capital structure, mergers, asset sales and other special transactions; |
• | Remuneration and benefits; |
• | Environmental and social issues; and |
• | General corporate governance matters. |
• | establishing an appropriate corporate governance structure; |
• | supporting and overseeing management in setting strategy; |
• | ensuring the integrity of financial statements; |
• | making decisions regarding mergers, acquisitions and disposals; |
• | establishing appropriate executive compensation structures; and |
• | addressing business issues including environmental and social issues when they have the potential to materially impact company reputation and performance. |
• | current employment at the company or a subsidiary; |
• | former employment within the past several years as an executive of the company; |
• | providing substantial professional services to the company and/or members of the company’s management; |
• | having had a substantial business relationship in the past three years; |
• | having, or representing a shareholder with, a substantial shareholding in the company; |
• | being an immediate family member of any of the aforementioned; and |
• | interlocking directorships. |
• | BlackRock clients who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions |
• | BlackRock business partners or vendors who may be issuers of securities or proponents of shareholder resolutions |
• | BlackRock employees who may sit on the boards of public companies held in BlackRock portfolios |
• | Significant BlackRock, Inc. investors who may be issuers of securities held in BlackRock portfolios |
• | Securities of BlackRock, Inc. or BlackRock investment funds held in BlackRock portfolios |
• | BlackRock, Inc. board members who actively serve as senior executives of public companies held in BlackRock portfolios |
• | Adopted the Guidelines which are designed to protect and enhance the economic value of the companies in which BlackRock invests on behalf of clients. |
• | Established a reporting structure that separates the Global Head and Investment Stewardship Group from employees with sales, vendor management or business partnership roles. In addition, BlackRock seeks to ensure that all engagements with corporate issuers, dissident shareholders or shareholder proponents are managed consistently and without regard to BlackRock’s relationship with such parties. Clients or business partners are not given special treatment or differentiated access to the Investment Stewardship Group, which seeks to treat equally all issuers and other market participants wishing to engage with BlackRock on corporate governance matters. The Investment Stewardship Group prioritizes based on factors including but not limited to its need for additional information to make a voting decision or its view on the likelihood that an engagement could lead to positive outcomes over time for the economic value of securities held in client portfolios. Within the normal course of business, the Global Head or Investment Stewardship Group may engage directly with BlackRock clients, business partners and/or vendors, and/or with employees with sales, vendor management or business partnership roles, in discussions regarding general corporate governance policy matters, and/or to otherwise ensure that proxy-related client service levels are met. |
• | Determined to engage, in certain instances, an independent fiduciary to vote proxies as a further safeguard to avoid potential conflicts of interest, to satisfy regulatory compliance requirements, or as may be otherwise required by applicable law. In such circumstances, the independent fiduciary provides BlackRock’s proxy voting agent with instructions, in accordance with the Guidelines, as to how to vote such proxies, and BlackRock’s proxy voting agent votes the proxy in accordance with the independent fiduciary’s determination. BlackRock uses an independent fiduciary to vote proxies of (i) any company that is affiliated with BlackRock, Inc., (ii) any public company that includes BlackRock employees on its board of directors, (iii) The PNC Financial Services Group, Inc., (iv) any public company of which a BlackRock, Inc. board member serves as a senior executive, and (v) companies when legal or regulatory requirements compel BlackRock to use an independent fiduciary. In selecting an independent fiduciary, we assess several characteristics, including but not limited to: independence, an ability to analyze proxy issues and vote in the best economic interest of our clients, reputation for reliability and integrity, and operational capacity to accurately deliver the assigned votes in a timely manner. We may engage more than one independent fiduciary, in part in order to mitigate potential or perceived conflicts of interest at an independent fiduciary. The Global Committee appoints and reviews the performance of the independent fiduciar(ies), generally on an annual basis. |
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
PART C. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. |
Exhibits . |
Exhibit
|
Description |
|||
1 |
Articles of Incorporation | |||
(a) | Certificate of Trust, dated October 31, 2018.* | |||
(b) | Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated November 19, 2018 (the Declaration of Trust).* | |||
2 |
By-laws | |||
(a) | By-Laws, dated November 19, 2018.* | |||
3 |
Instruments Defining Rights of Security Holders | |||
(a) | Articles II, VII, IX and X of the Declaration of Trust.* | |||
(b) | Articles IV and VI of the By-Laws.* | |||
4 |
Investment Advisory Contracts. | |||
(a) | Form of Investment Advisory Agreement between Registrant and BlackRock Fund Advisors.** | |||
5 |
Underwriting Contracts | |||
(a) | Form of Distribution Agreement between Registrant and BlackRock Investments, LLC (BRIL).** | |||
6 |
Bonus or Profit Sharing Contracts | |||
(a) | Not applicable. | |||
7 |
Custodian Agreements | |||
(a) | Custodian Agreement.** | |||
8 |
Other Material Contracts | |||
(a) | Administration Agreement.** | |||
(b) | Transfer Agency Agreement.** | |||
9 |
Legal Opinion | |||
(a) | Legal Opinion, with respect to the legality of the shares being offered.** | |||
10 |
Other Opinions | |||
(a) | Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the Registrant.** | |||
11 |
Omitted Financial Statements | |||
(a) | None | |||
12 |
Initial Capital Agreements | |||
(a) | Form of Purchase Agreement.** | |||
13 |
Rule 12b-1 Plan. | |||
(a) | Not applicable. | |||
14 |
Rule 18f-3 Plan. | |||
(a) | Not applicable. | |||
15 |
Reserved | |||
16 |
Codes of Ethics. | |||
(a) | Code of Ethics of Registrant.** | |||
(b) | Code of Ethics of BlackRock Investments, LLC.** | |||
(c) | Code of Ethics of BlackRock Fund Advisors.** |
* |
Filed herewith. |
** |
To be filed by amendment. |
Item 29. |
Persons Controlled by or under Common Control with the Fund. |
The Registrant does not control and is not under common control with any other person.
Item 30. |
Indemnification. |
Indemnification of Registrants principal underwriter against certain losses is provided for in Section [ ] of the Distribution Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 5(a). Indemnification of Registrants Custodian, Transfer Agent and Administrators is provided for, respectively, in Section [ ] of the Custodian Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 7(a), Section 12 of the Transfer Agency Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(b) and Section [ ] of the Administration Agreement incorporated by reference herein as Exhibit 8(a). Registrant intends to obtain from a major insurance carrier a trustees and officers liability policy covering certain types of errors and omissions. In addition, Section 10.2 of the Registrants Declaration of Trust filed herein as Exhibit 1(b) provides as follows:
Indemnification.
(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in paragraph (b) below:
(i) every Person who is, or has been, a Trustee or officer of the Trust (hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the applicable Series to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit, or proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been a Trustee or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the settlement thereof; and
(ii) the words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including appeals), actual or threatened, while in office or thereafter, and the words liability and expenses shall include, without limitation, attorneys fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties, and other liabilities.
(b) To the extent required under the 1940 Act, but only to such extent, no indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:
(i) who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or
(ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office:
(A) |
by the court or other body approving the settlement; |
(B) |
by at least a majority of those Trustees who neither are Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or |
(C) |
by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry). |
(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a Person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a Person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, other than Covered Persons, and other Persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.
(d) To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit, or proceeding of the character described in paragraph (a) of this Section 10.2 shall be paid by the Trust or Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or Series if it ultimately is determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.2; provided, however, that either (a) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking; (b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is a reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.2. Notwithstanding anything else herein, any amendment to Article X hereof shall not be effective to limit the rights to indemnification or insurance provided herein with respect to any Covered Persons without such Covered Persons written consent. The advancement of any expenses pursuant to this Section 10.2(d) shall under no circumstances be considered a loan under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended from time to time, or for any other reason.
(e) The Trust is authorized to enter into separate indemnification agreements with any one or more Trustees or officers of the Trust.
(f) Any repeal or modification of this Article X or adoption or modification of any other provision of this Trust Instrument inconsistent with this Article shall be prospective only to the extent that such repeal or modification would, if applied retrospectively, adversely affect any limitation on the liability of any Covered Person or indemnification or right to advancement of expenses available to any Covered Person with respect to any act or omission that occurred prior to such repeal, modification or adoption.
(g) To the extent that any determination is required to be made as to whether a Covered Person engaged in conduct for which indemnification is not provided as described herein, or as to whether there is reason to believe that a Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification, the Person or Persons making the determination shall afford the Covered Person a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in such conduct and that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.
(h) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Trust Instrument to the contrary, any liability and/or expense against which any Covered Person is indemnified under this Section 10.2 and any advancement of expenses that any Covered Person is entitled to be paid under Section 10.2(d) shall be deemed to be joint and several obligations of the Trust and each Series, and the assets of the Trust and each Series shall be subject to the claims of any Covered Person therefor under this Article X; provided that any such liability, expense or obligation may be allocated and charged by the Trustees between or among the Trust and/or any one or more Series (and Classes) in such manner as the Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable.
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or
controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
Section 10.3 of the Registrants Declaration of Trust, filed herein as Exhibit 1(b), also provides for the indemnification of shareholders of the Registrant. Section 10.3 states as follows:
Shareholders. In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a Shareholder of such Series and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives, or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets belonging to the applicable Series to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The Trust, on behalf of the affected Series, shall assume, upon request by the Shareholder, the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Series and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets of the Series.
Item 31. |
Business and Other Connections of the Investment Advisers. |
(a) BlackRock Fund Advisors (BFA). The information required by this Item 31 about officers and directors of BFA, together with information as to any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature engaged in by such officers and directors during the past two years, is incorporated by reference to Schedules A and D of Form ADV, filed by BFA pursuant to the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (SEC File No. 801-22609).
Item 32. |
Principal Underwriters. |
(a) BlackRock Investments, LLC (BRIL) acts as the principal underwriter or placement agent, as applicable, for each of the following open-end registered investment companies, including the Registrant:
BBIF Money Fund | BlackRock Multi-State Municipal Series Trust | |
BBIF Treasury Fund | BlackRock Municipal Bond Fund, Inc. | |
BIF Money Fund | BlackRock Municipal Series Trust | |
BIF Treasury Fund | BlackRock Natural Resources Trust | |
BlackRock Advantage Global Fund, Inc. | BlackRock Series Fund, Inc. | |
BlackRock Advantage U.S. Total Market Fund, Inc. | BlackRock Series Fund II, Inc. | |
BlackRock Allocation Target Shares | BlackRock Series, Inc. | |
BlackRock Asian Dragon Fund, Inc. | BlackRock Strategic Global Bond Fund, Inc. | |
BlackRock Balanced Capital Fund, Inc. | BlackRock Variable Series Funds, Inc. | |
BlackRock Basic Value Fund, Inc. | BlackRock Variable Series Funds II, Inc. | |
BlackRock Bond Fund, Inc. | FDP Series, Inc. | |
BlackRock California Municipal Series Trust | FDP Series II, Inc. | |
BlackRock Capital Appreciation Fund, Inc. | Funds For Institutions Series | |
BlackRock Emerging Markets Fund, Inc. | iShares, Inc. | |
BlackRock Equity Dividend Fund | iShares Trust | |
BlackRock ETF Trust | iShares U.S. ETF Trust | |
BlackRock EuroFund | Managed Account Series | |
BlackRock Financial Institutions Series Trust | Managed Account Series II | |
BlackRock Focus Growth Fund, Inc. | Master Advantage U.S. Total Market LLC | |
BlackRock Funds | Master Bond LLC | |
BlackRock Funds II | Master Focus Growth LLC | |
BlackRock Funds III | Master Institutional Money Market LLC | |
BlackRock Funds IV | Master Investment Portfolio | |
BlackRock Funds V | Master Investment Portfolio II | |
BlackRock Funds VI | Master Large Cap Series LLC |
BlackRock Global Allocation Fund, Inc. | Master Money LLC | |
BlackRock Index Funds, Inc. | Master Treasury LLC | |
BlackRock Large Cap Series Funds, Inc. | Quantitative Master Series LLC | |
BlackRock Latin America Fund, Inc. | Ready Assets Government Liquidity Fund | |
BlackRock Liquidity Funds | Ready Assets U.S.A. Government Money Fund | |
BlackRock Long-Horizon Equity Fund | Ready Assets U.S. Treasury Money Fund | |
BlackRock Mid Cap Dividend Series, Inc. | Retirement Series Trust |
BRIL also acts as the distributor or placement agent for the following closed-end registered investment companies:
BlackRock Floating Rate Income Strategies Fund, Inc.
BlackRock Health Sciences Trust
BRIL provides numerous financial services to BlackRock-advised funds and is the distributor of BlackRocks open-end funds. These services include coordinating and executing Authorized Participation Agreements, preparing, reviewing and providing advice with respect to all sales literature and responding to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority comments on marketing materials.
(b) Set forth below is information concerning each director and officer of BRIL. The principal business address of each such person is 40 East 52nd Street, New York, New York 10022.
Name |
Position(s) and Office(s) with BRIL |
Position(s) and Office(s) with Registrant |
||
Abigail Reynolds | Chairman and Member, Board of Managers, and Chief Executive Officer | None | ||
Christopher J. Meade | General Counsel, Chief Legal Officer and Senior Managing Director | None | ||
Saurabh Pathak | Chief Financial Officer and Director | None | ||
Gregory Rosta | Chief Compliance Officer and Director | None | ||
Jon Maro | Chief Operating Officer and Director | None | ||
Anne Ackerley | Member, Board of Managers, and Managing Director | None | ||
Blair Alleman | Managing Director | None | ||
Michael Bishopp | Managing Director | None | ||
Thomas Callahan | Managing Director | Vice President | ||
Samara Cohen | Managing Director | None | ||
John Diorio | Managing Director | None | ||
Lisa Hill | Managing Director | None | ||
Brendan Kyne | Managing Director | None | ||
Paul Lohrey | Managing Director | None | ||
Martin Small | Managing Director | None | ||
Jonathan Steel | Managing Director | None | ||
Katrina Gil | Director | None | ||
Chris Nugent | Director | None | ||
Andrew Dickson | Director and Secretary | None | ||
Terri Slane | Director and Assistant Secretary | None | ||
Lourdes Sanchez | Vice President | None | ||
Lita Midwinter | Anti-Money Laundering Officer | None | ||
Robert Fairbairn | Member, Board of Managers | Trustee | ||
Sarah Melvin | Member, Board of Managers | None | ||
Richard Prager | Member, Board of Managers | None | ||
Gerald Pucci | Member, Board of Managers | None | ||
Salim Ramji | Member, Board of Managers | None |
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. |
Location of Accounts and Records. |
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act and the rules thereunder are maintained at the offices of:
(a) Registrant, 100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809.
(b) BlackRock Investments, LLC, 40 East 52nd Street, New York, New York 10022 (records relating to its functions as distributor).
(c) BlackRock Fund Advisors, 400 Howard Street, San Francisco, California 94105 (records relating to its functions as investment adviser).
(d) State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111 (records relating to its functions as administrator, custodian and transfer agent).
Item 34. |
Management Services. |
None.
Item 35. |
Undertakings. |
None.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of New York, and the State of New York, on December 14, 2018.
B
LACK
R
OCK
ETF
T
RUST
|
||
By: |
/ S / J OHN M. P ERLOWSKI |
|
(John M. Perlowski, President and Chief Executive Officer) |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date |
||
/ S / J OHN M. P ERLOWSKI (John M. Perlowski) |
Initial Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer) | December 14, 2018 | ||
/ S / N EAL J. A NDREWS (Neal J. Andrews) |
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) | December 14, 2018 |
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
1(a) | Certificate of Trust. | |
1(b) | Agreement and Declaration of Trust. | |
2(a) | By-Laws. |
Exhibit 1(a)
CERTIFICATE OF TRUST
OF
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
This Certificate of Trust of BlackRock ETF Trust (the Trust), dated as of October 31, 2018, is being duly executed and filed by the undersigned, as sole trustee, to form a statutory trust under the Delaware Statutory Trust Act, 12 Del. C. § 3801 et seq. (the Act).
1. Name . The name of the statutory trust is BlackRock ETF Trust.
2. Registered Agent . The business address of the registered office of the Trust in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, Delaware 19801. The name of the Trusts registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.
3. Registered Investment Company . The Trust is, or will become prior to or within 180 days following the first issuance of beneficial interests therein, a registered investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
4. Notice of Limitation of Liabilities of Series . Notice is hereby given that, pursuant to Section 3804 of the Act, the Trust has or may establish one or more designated series and that the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular series of the Trust shall be enforceable against the assets of such series only and not against the assets of the Trust generally or any other series thereof, and, unless otherwise provided in the governing instrument of the Trust, none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets of such series.
5. Effective Date . This Certificate of Trust shall be effective immediately upon filing in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being the sole trustee of the Trust, has duly executed this Certificate of Trust in accordance with the Act.
/s/ John M. Perlowski |
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John M. Perlowski as Trustee and not individually |
Exhibit 1(b)
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST
DATED NOVEMBER 19, 2018
Table of Contents
Page | ||||||
ARTICLE I. | ||||||
NAME AND DEFINITIONS | 1 | |||||
Section 1.1. |
Name . | 1 | ||||
Section 1.2. |
Definitions . | 1 | ||||
ARTICLE II. | ||||||
BENEFICIAL INTEREST | 3 | |||||
Section 2.1. |
Shares of Beneficial Ownership Interest . | 3 | ||||
Section 2.2. |
Issuance of Shares . | 3 | ||||
Section 2.3. |
Ownership and Transfer of Shares . | 4 | ||||
Section 2.4. |
Treasury Shares . | 4 | ||||
Section 2.5. |
Establishment of Series . | 4 | ||||
Section 2.6. |
Investment in the Trust . | 5 | ||||
Section 2.7. |
Assets and Liabilities of Series . | 6 | ||||
Section 2.8. |
No Preemptive or Appraisal Rights . | 7 | ||||
Section 2.9. |
Personal Liability of Shareholders . | 7 | ||||
Section 2.10. |
Assent to Trust Instrument . | 7 | ||||
ARTICLE III. | ||||||
THE TRUSTEES | 8 | |||||
Section 3.1. |
Management of the Trust . | 8 | ||||
Section 3.2. |
Initial Trustees . | 8 | ||||
Section 3.3. |
Term of Office of Trustees . | 8 | ||||
Section 3.4. |
Vacancies and Appointment of Trustees . | 9 | ||||
Section 3.5. |
Delegation . | 9 | ||||
Section 3.6. |
Number of Trustees . | 10 | ||||
Section 3.7. |
Effect of Death, Resignation, Etc., of a Trustee . | 10 | ||||
Section 3.8. |
Ownership of Assets of the Trust . | 10 | ||||
Section 3.9. |
Compensation . | 10 |
ARTICLE IV. | ||||||
POWERS OF THE TRUSTEES | 11 | |||||
Section 4.1. |
Powers . | 11 | ||||
Section 4.2. |
Issuance and Repurchase of Shares . | 14 | ||||
Section 4.3. |
Trustees and Officers as Shareholders . | 14 | ||||
Section 4.4. |
Chair or Co-Chairs of the Trustees . | 14 | ||||
Section 4.5. |
Principal Transactions . | 14 | ||||
ARTICLE V. | ||||||
EXPENSES OF THE TRUST | 14 | |||||
Section 5.1. |
Payment of Expenses by the Trust . | 14 | ||||
ARTICLE VI. | ||||||
CONTRACTS WITH SERVICE PROVIDERS | 15 | |||||
Section 6.1. |
Investment Advisor. | 15 | ||||
Section 6.2. |
Principal Underwriter. | 15 | ||||
Section 6.3. |
Transfer Agent. | 16 | ||||
Section 6.4. |
Administration Agreement. | 16 | ||||
Section 6.5. |
Service Agreement. | 16 | ||||
Section 6.6. |
Parties to Contract. | 16 | ||||
Section 6.7. |
Provisions and Amendments . | 17 | ||||
ARTICLE VII. | ||||||
SHAREHOLDERS VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS | 17 | |||||
Section 7.1. |
Voting Powers. | 17 | ||||
Section 7.2. |
Quorum and Required Vote . | 18 | ||||
ARTICLE VIII. | ||||||
CUSTODIAN | 18 | |||||
Section 8.1. |
Appointment and Dutie s. | 18 | ||||
Section 8.2. |
Central Certificate System . | 19 | ||||
ARTICLE IX. | ||||||
DISTRIBUTIONS AND REDEMPTIONS | 19 | |||||
Section 9.1. |
Distributions . | 19 | ||||
Section 9.2. |
Redemptions. | 20 |
Section 9.3. |
Determination of Net Asset Value and Valuation of Portfolio Assets . | 21 | ||||
Section 9.4. |
Suspension of the Right of Redemption. | 22 | ||||
ARTICLE X. | ||||||
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 22 | |||||
Section 10.1. |
Limitation of Liability . | 22 | ||||
Section 10.2. |
Indemnification . | 23 | ||||
Section 10.3. |
Shareholders . | 25 | ||||
Section 10.4. |
No Bond Required of Trustees . | 25 | ||||
Section 10.5. |
No Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments, Etc. | 25 | ||||
Section 10.6. |
Trustees Good Faith Action, Reliance on Experts, Etc. | 26 | ||||
ARTICLE XI. | ||||||
MISCELLANEOUS | 26 | |||||
Section 11.1. |
Trust Not a Partnership . | 26 | ||||
Section 11.2. |
Trustee Action . | 27 | ||||
Section 11.3. |
Establishment of Record Dates. | 27 | ||||
Section 11.4. |
Termination of Trust. | 27 | ||||
Section 11.5. |
Reorganization. | 28 | ||||
Section 11.6. |
Filing of Copies; References; Headings. | 29 | ||||
Section 11.7. |
Applicable Law. | 29 | ||||
Section 11.8. |
Amendments. | 30 | ||||
Section 11.9. |
Derivative Actions. | 30 | ||||
Section 11.10. |
Fiscal Year . | 31 | ||||
Section 11.11. |
Provisions in Conflict With Law . | 31 | ||||
Section 11.12. |
Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction . | 31 |
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
Dated November 19, 2018
This AGREEMENT AND DECLARATION OF TRUST is made November 19, 2018 by the trustees party hereto (together with all other persons from time to time duly elected, qualified and serving as Trustees in accordance with Article III hereof, the Trustees).
WHEREAS, the Trustees desire to form a Delaware statutory trust for the investment and reinvestment of funds contributed thereto.
NOW, THEREFORE, the Trustees declare that all money and property contributed to the Trust hereunder shall be held and managed under this Trust Instrument as herein set forth below.
ARTICLE I.
NAME AND DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1. Name .
The name of the trust created hereby is the BlackRock ETF Trust. The Trustees shall conduct the business of the Trust under such name or any other name as they may from time to time determine. The Trustees may, without Shareholder approval, change the name of the Trust or any Series or Class and adopt such other name as they deem proper. Any name change of any Series or Class shall become effective upon approval by the Trustees of such change or any document (including any Registration Statement) reflecting such change. Any name change of the Trust shall become effective upon the effectiveness of the filing of a certificate of amendment under the Delaware Act reflecting such change. Any such action shall have the status of an amendment to this Trust Instrument. In the event of any name change, the Trustees shall cause notice to be given to the affected Shareholders within a reasonable time after the implementation of such change, which notice will be deemed given if the changed name is reflected in any Registration Statement, as supplemented and/or amended from time to time.
Section 1.2. Definitions .
Wherever used herein, unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided:
(a) The term By-Laws means the By-Laws referred to in Article IV, Section 4.1(h) hereof, as from time to time amended, which By-Laws are deemed incorporated herein and form a part hereof;
(b) The term Certificate of Trust means the certificate of trust, as amended or restated from time to time, filed by the Trustees in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in accordance with the Delaware Act to form the Trust;
(c) The term Class means a class of Shares of any Series of the Trust established in accordance with the provisions of Article II hereof;
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(d) The terms Commission, Affiliated Person, Assignment, Interested Person and Principal Underwriter shall have the meanings given them in the 1940 Act;
(e) The term Creation Unit has the meaning given it in Article II, Section 2.2 hereof;
(f) The term Covered Person has the meaning given it in Article X, Section 10.2 hereof;
(g) The term Delaware Act refers to Chapter 38 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code entitled Treatment of Delaware Statutory Trusts;
(h) The term Net Asset Value means the net asset value of each Series of the Trust determined in the manner provided in Article IX, Section 9.3 hereof;
(i) The term Outstanding Shares means those Shares shown from time to time on the books of the Trust or its transfer agent as then issued and outstanding, but shall not include Shares which have been redeemed or repurchased by the Trust and which are at the time held in the treasury of the Trust;
(j) The term Person means and includes individuals, corporations, limited liability companies, partnerships, trusts, associations, joint ventures, estates and all other entities, organizations and associations, whether or not legal entities, and governments and agencies and political subdivisions thereof, whether domestic or foreign;
(k) The term Registration Statement means the Trusts registration statement or statements as filed with the Commission, as from time to time in effect and any amendments thereto, and shall include any prospectus or statement of additional information forming a part thereof;
(l) The term Series means a series of Shares of the Trust referenced in, or established under or in accordance with, the provisions of Article II, Section 2.5 hereof;
(m) The term Shareholder means a record owner of Outstanding Shares of the Trust;
(n) The term Shares means the equal proportionate transferable units of beneficial interest into which the beneficial interest of each Series or Class shall be divided from time to time and may include fractions of Shares as well as whole Shares;
(o) The term Trust refers to the BlackRock ETF Trust and all Series of the BlackRock ETF Trust, and reference to the Trust, when applicable to one or more Series of the Trust, shall refer to any such Series;
(p) The term Trust Instrument means this Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended or restated from time to time;
(q) Trustee or Trustees means the person or persons who has or have signed this Trust Instrument, so long as he, she or they shall continue in office in accordance with the terms hereof, and all other persons who may from time to time be duly qualified and serving as Trustees in accordance with the provisions of Article III hereof and reference herein to a Trustee or to the Trustees shall refer to such person or persons in his, her or their capacities as trustee or
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trustees hereunder. Unless otherwise required by the context or specifically provided, any reference herein to the Trustees shall refer to the Trustee at any time that there is only one Trustee of the Trust;
(r) The term Trust Property means any and all property, real or personal, tangible or intangible, which is owned or held by or for the account of one or more of the Trust or any Series, or the Trustees on behalf of the Trust or any Series; and
(s) The term 1940 Act refers to the Investment Company Act of 1940 and the rules and regulations thereunder and interpretations thereunder, and any order or orders (including orders for exemptive relief) thereunder which may from time to time be applicable to the Trust. References herein to specific sections of the 1940 Act shall be deemed to include such rules and regulations as are applicable to such sections as determined by the Trustees or their designees.
ARTICLE II.
BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Section 2.1. Shares of Beneficial Ownership Interest .
The beneficial interest in the Trust shall be divided into such transferable Shares of one or more separate and distinct Series or Classes as the Trustees shall from time to time create and establish. Any Series may have no Classes, may consist of one Class or may be divided into two or more Classes. The number of Shares of each Series and Class authorized hereunder is unlimited. Each Share shall have no par value. All Shares issued hereunder, including without limitation Shares issued in connection with a dividend in Shares or a split or reverse split of Shares, shall be fully paid and non-assessable.
Section 2.2. Issuance of Shares .
The Trustees in their sole discretion may, from time to time, without vote of the Shareholders, issue Shares, in addition to the then issued and outstanding Shares and Shares held in the treasury, to such party or parties and for such amount and type of consideration, subject to applicable law, including cash or securities (or any combination thereof), at such time or times and on such terms as the Trustees may deem appropriate, and may in such manner acquire other assets (including the acquisition of assets subject to, and in connection with, the assumption of liabilities) and businesses. In connection with any issuance of Shares, the Trustees may issue fractional Shares and Shares held in the treasury. The Trustees from time to time may divide or combine the Shares into a greater or lesser number without thereby changing the proportionate beneficial interests in the Trust. Contributions to the Trust may be accepted for, and Shares shall be redeemed as, whole Shares and/or 1/1,000th of a Share or integral multiples thereof. Upon the establishment of any Series or Class as provided herein (including the initial Series established pursuant to Section 2.5 hereof), the Trust shall be authorized to issue an unlimited number of Shares of each such Series and Class unless otherwise determined, and subject to any conditions set forth, by the Trustees.
Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Instrument, the Trustees in their sole discretion may, from time to time, without the vote of the Shareholders, determine to issue
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Shares of any Series or Class only in lots of such aggregate number of Shares as shall be determined at any time by the Trustees in their sole discretion (each such aggregation, a Creation Unit) and, in connection with the issuance of Creation Units, to charge such transaction fees or such other fees as the Trustees in their sole discretion shall determine, and the Trustees in their sole discretion may, from time to time, without the vote of the Shareholders, alter the number of Shares constituting a Creation Unit or the fees associated with a Creation Unit. Without limiting the general authority of the Trustees under this Trust Instrument and the Delaware Act to delegate their authority, the authority of the Trustees under this paragraph with respect to establishing and altering the size of Creation Units and the fees associated with Creation Units may be delegated to any officer of the Trust or to the investment manager or otherwise as the Trustees consider desirable.
Section 2.3. Ownership and Transfer of Shares .
The Trust or a transfer agent for the Trust shall maintain a register containing the names and addresses of the Shareholders of each Series and Class, the number of Shares of each Series and Class held by such Shareholders, and a record of all Share transfers. The register shall be conclusive as to the identity of Shareholders of record and the number of Shares held by them from time to time. The Trustees may authorize the issuance of certificates representing Shares and adopt rules governing their use. The Trustees may make rules governing the transfer of Shares, whether or not represented by certificates. Except as otherwise provided by the Trustees, Shares shall be transferable on the books of the Trust only by the record holder thereof or by his duly authorized agent upon delivery to the Trustees or the Trusts transfer agent of a duly executed instrument of transfer, together with a Share certificate if one is outstanding, and such evidence of the genuineness of each such execution and authorization and of such other matters as may be required by the Trustees. Upon such delivery, and subject to any further requirements specified by the Trustees or contained in the By-Laws, the transfer shall be recorded on the books of the Trust. Until a transfer is so recorded, the Shareholder of record of Shares shall be deemed to be the holder of such Shares for all purposes hereunder and neither the Trustees nor the Trust, nor any transfer agent or registrar or any officer, employee or agent of the Trust, shall be affected by any notice of a proposed transfer.
Section 2.4. Treasury Shares .
Shares held in the treasury shall, until reissued pursuant to Section 2.2 hereof, not confer any voting rights on the Trustees, nor shall such Shares be entitled to any dividends or other distributions declared with respect to the Shares.
Section 2.5. Establishment of Series .
The Trust created hereby shall consist of one or more Series. The initial Series shall be BlackRock U.S. Equity Factor Rotation ETF. The Trustees shall have full power and authority, in their sole discretion, and without obtaining any prior authorization or vote of the Shareholders of any Series of the Trust, to establish and designate and to change in any manner any Series or Classes of Shares (including the initial Series established pursuant to this Section 2.5), and to fix such preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges of such Series or Classes as the Trustees may from time to time determine, to divide and combine the Shares of any Series or Classes into
4
a greater or lesser number, to classify or reclassify any issued Shares or any Series or Classes into one or more Series or Classes, to abolish any one or more Series or Classes or to take such other action with respect to the Shares as the Trustees may deem desirable. The establishment and designation of any additional Series or Classes shall be effective upon the adoption by the Trustees of a resolution that sets forth the designation of, or otherwise identifies, such Series or Class, whether directly in such resolution or by reference to, or approval of, another document that sets forth the designation of, or otherwise identifies, such Series or Class including any Registration Statement, any amendment and/or restatement of this Trust Instrument or as otherwise provided in such resolution. The relative rights and preferences of each Series and Class (including the initial Series established under this Section 2.5) shall be as set forth herein and as set forth in any Registration Statement relating thereto, unless otherwise provided in the resolution establishing such Series or Class. A Series may issue any number of Shares and need not issue Shares. The Trustees shall have the authority, without the approval of the Shareholders of the Trust or any Series or Class unless otherwise required by applicable federal law, (a) to combine the assets and liabilities held with respect to any two or more Series or Classes into assets and liabilities held with respect to a single Series or Class and in connection therewith to cause the Shareholders of each such Series or Class to become Shareholders of such single Series or Class and (b) to divide the assets and liabilities held with respect to any Series or Class into assets and liabilities held with respect to an additional one or more Series or Classes and in connection therewith to cause some or all of the Shareholders of such Series or Class to be admitted as Shareholders of such additional one or more Series or Classes.
All references to Shares in this Trust Instrument shall be deemed to be Shares of any or all Series or Classes, as the context may require. All provisions herein relating to the Trust shall apply equally to each Series and Class, except as the context otherwise requires. The Trustees are authorized to cause the Trust to issue Shares in the Trust and, upon any such issuance, to the extent applicable, all references to Shares in this Trust Instrument (including all provisions relating to the issuance of Shares) shall apply to Shares of the Trust and all references to Series in this Trust Instrument shall apply to the Trust.
Subject to the distinctions permitted among Series established by the Trustees consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act, each Share of a Series of the Trust shall represent an equal beneficial interest in the net assets of such Series. Each Shareholder of a Series shall be entitled to receive such Shareholders pro rata share of distributions of income and capital gains, if any, made with respect to such Series. Upon redemption of his Shares, such Shareholder shall be paid solely out of the funds and property of such Series of the Trust.
Section 2.6. Investment in the Trust .
The Trustees shall accept investments in any Series of the Trust from such Persons and on such terms as they may from time to time authorize. At the Trustees sole discretion, such investments, subject to applicable law, may be in the form of cash or securities (or any combination thereof) in which the affected Series is authorized to invest, valued as provided in Article IX, Section 9.3 hereof. Investments in a Series shall be credited to each Shareholders account in the form of full or fractional Shares at the Net Asset Value per Share next determined after the investment is received; provided, however, that the Trustees may, in their sole discretion, (a) fix the Net Asset Value per Share of the initial capital contribution and/or
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(b) impose a sales charge, transaction fee or any other legally permissible fee or charge upon investments in the Trust in such manner and at such time as determined by the Trustees. The Trustees shall have the right to refuse to accept investments in any Series at any time without any cause or reason therefor whatsoever.
Section 2.7. Assets and Liabilities of Series .
All consideration received by the Trust for the issue or sale of Shares of a particular Series, together with all assets in which such consideration is invested or reinvested, all income, earnings, profits, and proceeds thereof, including any proceeds derived from the sale, exchange or liquidation of such assets, and any funds or payments derived from any reinvestment of such proceeds in whatever form the same may be, shall be held exclusively for the benefit of the Shareholders of such Series and may be referred to herein as assets belonging to that Series. The assets belonging to a particular Series shall belong to that Series for all purposes, and to no other Series, subject only to the rights of creditors of that Series. In addition, any assets, income, earnings, profits or funds, or payments and proceeds with respect thereto, that are not readily identifiable as belonging to any particular Series shall be allocated by the Trustees between and among one or more of the Series in such manner as the Trustees, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable. Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes, and such assets, income, earnings, profits or funds, or payments and proceeds with respect thereto shall be assets belonging to that Series. The assets belonging to a particular Series shall be so recorded upon the books of the Trust, and shall be held by the Trustees in trust for the benefit of the holders of Shares of that Series. The assets belonging to each particular Series shall be charged with the liabilities of that Series and all expenses, costs, charges, and reserves attributable to that Series. Any general liabilities, expenses, costs, charges, or reserves of the Trust that are not readily identifiable as belonging to a particular Series shall be allocated and charged by the Trustees between or among any one or more of the Series in such manner as the Trustees, in their sole discretion, deem fair and equitable. Each such allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders of all Series for all purposes.
The debts, liabilities, obligations, and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to a particular Series shall be enforceable against the assets of such Series only, and not enforceable against the assets of the Trust generally or any other Series thereof, and, except as otherwise provided in this Trust Instrument with respect to the allocation of general liabilities, expenses, costs, charges or reserves, none of the debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to the Trust generally or any other Series thereof shall be enforceable against the assets of such Series. Notice of this contractual limitation on inter-Series liabilities shall be set forth in the certificate of trust of the Trust (whether originally or by amendment) as filed or to be filed in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware pursuant to the Delaware Act, and upon the giving of such notice in such certificate of trust, the statutory provisions of Section 3804 of the Delaware Act relating to limitations on liabilities among Series (and the statutory effect under Section 3804 of setting forth such notice in a certificate of trust) shall become applicable to the Trust and each Series. To the extent required by Section 3804(a) of the Delaware Act in order to give effect to the limitation on inter-series liabilities set forth in this Section 2.7, (i) separate and distinct records shall be maintained for each Series, (ii) assets held with respect to each Series shall be held in such separate and distinct records (directly or indirectly, including through a nominee or
6
otherwise) and accounted for in such separate and distinct records separately from the assets held with respect to all other Series and the general assets of the Trust not allocated to such Series and/or (iii) the records maintained for each Series shall account for the assets held with respect to such Series separately from the assets of any other Series and from any general assets of the Trust not allocated to such Series. Any Person extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against any Series may look only to the assets of that Series to satisfy or enforce any debt, liability, obligation or expense incurred, contracted for or otherwise existing with respect to that Series. No Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series shall have a claim on or any right to any assets allocated or belonging to any other Series.
Section 2.8. No Preemptive or Appraisal Rights .
(a) Shareholders shall have no preemptive or other right to subscribe to any additional Shares or other securities issued by the Trust or the Trustees, whether of the same or other Series.
(b) Shareholders shall have no right to demand payment for their Shares or to any other rights of dissenting Shareholders in the event the Trust participates in any transaction which would give rise to appraisal or dissenters rights by a stockholder of a corporation organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or otherwise.
Section 2.9. Personal Liability of Shareholders .
Each Shareholder of the Trust and of each Series shall not be personally liable for debts, liabilities, obligations and expenses incurred by, contracted for, or otherwise existing with respect to, the Trust or by or on behalf of any Series. The Trustees shall have no power to bind any Shareholder personally or to call upon any Shareholder for the payment of any sum of money or assessment whatsoever other than such as the Shareholder may at any time personally agree to pay by way of subscription for any Shares or otherwise. Every note, bond, contract or other undertaking issued by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees relating to the Trust or to a Series may include a recitation limiting the obligation represented thereby to the Trust or to one or more Series and its or their assets (but the omission of such a recitation shall not operate to bind any Shareholder or Trustee of the Trust). Shareholders shall have the same limitation of personal liability as is extended to shareholders of a private corporation for profit incorporated in the State of Delaware. Every written obligation of the Trust or any Series shall contain a statement to the effect that such obligation may only be enforced against the assets of the appropriate Series or all Series; however, the omission of such statement shall not operate to bind or create personal liability for any Shareholder or Trustee.
Section 2.10. Assent to Trust Instrument .
Every Shareholder, by virtue of having purchased or otherwise acquired a Share shall become a Shareholder and shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to be bound by the terms hereof.
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ARTICLE III.
THE TRUSTEES
Section 3.1. Management of the Trust .
The Trustees shall have exclusive and absolute control over the Trust Property and over the business of the Trust to the same extent as if the Trustees were the sole owners of the Trust Property and business in their own right, but with such powers of delegation as may be permitted by this Trust Instrument. The Trustees shall have power to conduct the business of the Trust and carry on its operations in any and all of its branches and maintain offices both within and without the State of Delaware, in any and all states of the United States of America, in the District of Columbia, in any and all commonwealths, territories, dependencies, colonies, or possessions of the United States of America, and in any foreign jurisdiction and to do all such other things and execute all such instruments as they deem necessary, proper or desirable in order to promote the interests of the Trust although such things are not herein specifically mentioned. Any construction or interpretation of this Trust Instrument by the Trustees and any action taken pursuant thereto and any determination as to what is in the interests of the Trust and/or the Shareholders made by the Trustees in good faith shall, in each case, be conclusive and binding on all Shareholders and all other Persons for all purposes. In construing the provisions of this Trust Instrument, the presumption shall be in favor of a grant of power to the Trustees.
The enumeration of any specific power in this Trust Instrument shall not be construed as limiting the aforesaid power. The powers of the Trustees may be exercised without order of or resort to any court.
Except for the Trustees named herein, appointed pursuant to Section 3.2 of this Article III, or appointed to fill vacancies pursuant to Section 3.4 of this Article III, the Trustees shall be elected by the Shareholders owning of record a plurality of the Shares voting at a meeting of Shareholders. Such a meeting shall be held on a date fixed by the Trustees. In the event that less than a majority of the Trustees holding office have been elected by Shareholders, the Trustees then in office will call a Shareholders meeting for the election of Trustees.
Section 3.2. Initial Trustees .
The initial Trustees of the Trust shall be the person or persons initially signing this Trust Instrument. Provided that no Shares have been issued, at the initial meeting of the Trust or Trustees, the initial Trustees may appoint such additional Trustees as the initial Trustees deem necessary or desirable, and upon such appointment, one or more initial Trustees may (but shall not be required to) immediately resign as Trustees of the Trust.
Section 3.3. Term of Office of Trustees .
The Trustees shall hold office during the lifetime of this Trust, and until its termination as herein provided, except that: (a) any Trustee may resign his trust by written instrument signed by him and delivered to the other Trustees, which shall take effect upon such delivery or upon such later date as is specified therein; (b) any Trustee may be removed at any time by a vote of at least two-thirds of the number of Trustees prior to such removal, specifying the date when such
8
removal shall become effective; (c) any Trustee who requests in writing to be retired or who has died, becomes physically or mentally incapacitated by reason of disease or otherwise, or is otherwise unable to serve, may be retired by written instrument signed by a majority of the other Trustees, specifying the date of his or her retirement; and (d) a Trustee may be removed at any meeting of the Shareholders of the Trust by a vote of Shareholders owning at least two-thirds of the Outstanding Shares.
Section 3.4. Vacancies and Appointment of Trustees .
In case of the declination to serve, death, resignation, retirement, removal, physical or mental incapacity by reason of disease or otherwise, or a Trustee is otherwise unable to serve, or an increase in the number of Trustees, a vacancy shall occur. Whenever a vacancy in the Board of Trustees shall occur, until such vacancy is filled, the other Trustees shall have all the powers hereunder and the certificate of the other Trustees of such vacancy shall be conclusive. In the case of an existing vacancy, the remaining Trustees shall fill such vacancy by appointing such other person as they in their sole discretion shall see fit consistent with any limitations under the 1940 Act. Such appointment shall be evidenced by a written instrument signed by a majority of the Trustees in office or by resolution of the Trustees, duly adopted, which shall be recorded in the minutes of a meeting of the Trustees, whereupon the appointment shall take effect.
An appointment of a Trustee may be made by the Trustees then in office in anticipation of a vacancy to occur by reason of retirement, resignation or increase in number of Trustees effective at a later date, provided that said appointment shall become effective only at or after the effective date of said retirement, resignation or increase in number of Trustees. As soon as any Trustee appointed pursuant to this Section 3.4 shall have accepted this trust, the trust estate shall vest in the new Trustee or Trustees, together with the continuing Trustees, without any further act or conveyance, and he or she shall be deemed a Trustee hereunder. The power to appoint a Trustee pursuant to this Section 3.4 is subject to the provisions of Section 16(a) of the 1940 Act.
Whenever there shall be fewer than the designated number of Trustees, until additional Trustees are elected or appointed as provided herein to bring the total number of Trustees equal to the designated number, the Trustees in office, regardless of their number, shall have all the powers granted to the Trustees and shall discharge all the duties of the Trustees by this Trust Instrument. As evidence of such vacancy, an instrument certifying the existence of such vacancy may be executed by an officer of the Trust or by a Trustee.
Section 3.5. Delegation .
Subject only to any limitations required by federal law including the 1940 Act, the Trustees may delegate any and all powers and authority hereunder as they consider desirable to any officer of the Trust, to any committee of the Trustees, any committee composed of Trustees and other Persons and any committee composed only of Persons other than Trustees, to any agent, independent contractor or employee of the Trust or to any custodian, administrator, transfer or shareholder servicing agent, manager, investment adviser or sub-adviser, Principal Underwriter or other service provider, provided that such delegation of power or authority by the Trustees shall not cause any Trustee to cease to be a Trustee of the Trust or cause such Person, officer, agent, independent contractor, employee, custodian, administrator, transfer or shareholder
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servicing agent, manager, investment adviser or sub-adviser, Principal Underwriter or other service provider to whom any power or authority has been delegated to be a Trustee of the Trust. The reference in this Trust Instrument to the right of the Trustees to, or circumstances under which they may, delegate any power or authority, or the reference in this Trust Instrument to the authorized agents of the Trustees or any other Person to whom any power or authority has been or may be delegated pursuant to any specific provision of this Trust Instrument, shall not limit the authority of the Trustees to delegate any other power or authority under this Trust Instrument to any Person, subject only to any limitations under federal law including the 1940 Act.
Section 3.6. Number of Trustees .
The number of Trustees shall be set initially at one (1), and thereafter shall be such number as shall be fixed from time to time by a majority of the Trustees, provided, however, that the number of Trustees shall in no event be more than fifteen (15) or less than one (1).
Section 3.7. Effect of Death, Resignation, Etc., of a Trustee .
The declination to serve, death, resignation, retirement, removal, incapacity, or inability of the Trustees, or any one of them, shall not operate to terminate the Trust or to revoke any existing agency created pursuant to the terms of this Trust Instrument.
Section 3.8. Ownership of Assets of the Trust .
Legal title in and beneficial ownership of all of the assets of the Trust and the right to conduct any business shall at all times be considered as vested in the Trust, except that the Trustees may cause legal title to any Trust Property to be held by, or in the name of, any other Person as nominee on such terms as the Trustees may determine. No Shareholder shall be deemed to have a severable ownership in any individual asset of the Trust or of any Series or any right of partition or possession thereof, but each Shareholder shall have, except as otherwise provided for herein, a proportionate undivided beneficial interest in the Trust or Series. The Shares shall be personal property giving only the rights specifically set forth in this Trust Instrument. The Trust, or at the determination of the Trustees one or more of the Trustees or a nominee acting for and on behalf of the Trust, shall be deemed to hold legal title and beneficial ownership of any income earned on securities of the Trust issued by any business entities formed, organized, or existing under the laws of any jurisdiction, including the laws of any foreign country. Upon the resignation or removal of a Trustee, or his or her otherwise ceasing to be a Trustee, he or she shall execute and deliver such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require for the purpose of conveying to the Trust or the remaining Trustees any Trust Property held in the name of the resigning or removed Trustee. Upon the incapacity or death of any Trustee, his or her legal representative shall execute and deliver on his or her behalf such documents as the remaining Trustees shall require as provided in the preceding sentence.
Section 3.9. Compensation .
The Trustees as such shall be entitled to reasonable compensation from the Trust, and they may periodically fix the amount of such compensation. Nothing herein shall in any way prevent the employment of any Trustee for advisory, management, legal, accounting, investment banking or other services and payment for the same by the Trust.
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ARTICLE IV.
POWERS OF THE TRUSTEES
Section 4.1. Powers .
Subject to the provisions of this Trust Instrument and the By-Laws, the business of the Trust shall be managed by the Trustees and the Trustees shall have full power and authority to do any and all acts and to make and execute any and all contracts and instruments that they may consider necessary or appropriate in connection with the management of the Trust. The Trustees shall not in any way be bound or limited by present or future laws or customs in regard to trust investments, but shall have full authority and power to make any and all investments which they, in their sole discretion, shall deem proper to accomplish the purpose of this Trust without recourse to any court or other authority. Except as required by federal law, including the 1940 Act, neither the Trustees nor any officer of the Trust shall owe any fiduciary duty to the Trust or any Series or Class or any Shareholder. Unless otherwise expressly provided herein or required by federal law, including the 1940 Act, the Trustees shall act in their sole discretion and may take any action or exercise any power without any vote or consent of the Shareholders. Subject to any applicable limitation in this Trust Instrument or the By-Laws of the Trust, the Trustees shall have power and authority:
(a) to invest and reinvest cash and other property, and to hold cash or other property uninvested, without in any event being bound or limited by any present or future law or custom in regard to investments by trustees, and to sell, exchange, lend, pledge, mortgage, hypothecate, write options on and lease any or all the assets of the Trust;
(b) to operate as and carry on the business of an investment company, and exercise all the powers necessary and appropriate to the conduct of such operations;
(c) to borrow money and in this connection issue notes or other evidence of indebtedness; to secure borrowings, indebtedness and other obligations by mortgaging, pledging or otherwise subjecting as security the Trust Property; to endorse, guarantee, or undertake the performance of an obligation or engagement of any other Person and to lend Trust Property;
(d) to provide for the distribution of interests of the Trust either through a Principal Underwriter in the manner hereinafter provided for or by the Trust itself, or both, or otherwise pursuant to a plan of distribution of any kind;
(e) to adopt By-Laws not inconsistent with this Trust Instrument providing for the conduct of the business of the Trust and to amend and repeal them to the extent that they do not reserve that right to the Shareholders; such By-Laws shall be deemed incorporated and included in this Trust Instrument;
(f) to elect and remove such officers and appoint and terminate such agents as they consider appropriate;
(g) to employ one or more banks, trust companies or companies that are members of a national securities exchange or such other entities as the Commission may permit as custodians of any assets of the Trust subject to any conditions set forth in this Trust Instrument or in the By-Laws;
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(h) to retain one or more transfer agents and shareholder servicing agents, or both;
(i) to set record dates in the manner provided herein or in the By-Laws;
(j) subject to Article III, Section 3.5 hereof, to delegate such authority as they consider desirable to any officers of the Trust and to any investment advisor, manager, custodian, underwriter or other agent or independent contractor;
(k) to sell or exchange any or all of the assets of the Trust, subject to the provisions of Article XI, Section 11.4 hereof;
(l) to vote or give assent, or exercise any rights of ownership, with respect to stock or other securities or property; and to execute and deliver proxies or powers of attorney to such Person or Persons as the Trustees shall deem proper, granting to such Person or Persons such power and discretion with relation to securities or property as the Trustees shall deem proper;
(m) to exercise powers and rights of subscription or otherwise which in any manner arise out of ownership of securities;
(n) to hold any security or property in a form not indicating any trust, whether in bearer, book entry, unregistered or other negotiable form; or either in the name of the Trust or in the name of a custodian or a nominee or nominees, subject in either case to proper safeguards according to the usual practice of Delaware statutory trusts or investment companies;
(o) to establish separate and distinct Series with separately defined investment objectives and policies and distinct investment purposes in accordance with the provisions of Article II hereof and to establish Classes of such Series having relative rights, powers and duties as they may provide consistent with applicable law;
(p) subject to the provisions of Section 3804 of the Delaware Act, to allocate assets, liabilities and expenses of the Trust to a particular Series or to apportion the same between or among two or more Series, provided that any liabilities or expenses incurred by a particular Series shall be payable solely out of the assets belonging to that Series as provided for in Article II hereof;
(q) to consent to or participate in any plan for the reorganization, consolidation or merger of any corporation or concern, any security of which is held in the Trust; to consent to any contract, lease, mortgage, purchase, or sale of property by such corporation or concern, and to pay calls or subscriptions with respect to any security held in the Trust;
(r) to compromise, arbitrate, or otherwise adjust claims in favor of or against the Trust or any matter in controversy including, but not limited to, claims for taxes;
(s) to make distributions of income and of capital gains to Shareholders in the manner hereinafter provided;
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(t) to establish, from time to time, a minimum investment for Shareholders in the Trust or in one or more Series or Class, and to require the redemption of the Shares of any Shareholders whose investment is less than such minimum upon giving notice to such Shareholder;
(u) to establish one or more committees, to delegate any of the powers of the Trustees to said committees and to adopt a committee charter providing for such responsibilities, membership (including Trustees, officers or other agents of the Trust therein) and any other characteristics of said committees as the Trustees may deem proper. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article IV, and in addition to such provisions or any other provision of this Trust Instrument or of the By-Laws, the Trustees may by resolution appoint a committee consisting of less than the whole number of Trustees then in office, which committee may be empowered to act for and bind the Trustees and the Trust, as if the acts of such committee were the acts of all the Trustees then in office, with respect to the institution, prosecution, dismissal, settlement, review or investigation of any action, suit or proceeding which shall be pending or threatened to be brought before any court, administrative agency or other adjudicatory body;
(v) to interpret the investment policies, practices, or limitations of any Series;
(w) to establish a registered office and have a registered agent in the state of Delaware;
(x) to adopt a seal for the Trust, but the absence of such seal shall not impair the validity of any instrument executed on behalf of the Trust; and
(y) in general to carry on any other business in connection with or incidental to any of the foregoing powers, to do everything necessary, suitable, or proper for the accomplishment of any purpose or the attainment of any object or the furtherance of any power hereinbefore set forth, either alone or in association with others, and to do every other act or thing incidental or appurtenant to or growing out of or connected with the aforesaid business or purposes, objects or powers.
The foregoing clauses shall be construed both as objects and power, and the foregoing enumeration of specific powers shall not be held to limit or restrict in any manner the general powers of the Trustees. Any action by one or more of the Trustees in their capacity as such hereunder shall be deemed an action on behalf of the Trust or the applicable Series, and not an action in an individual capacity.
The Trustees shall not be limited to investing in obligations maturing before the possible termination of the Trust.
No one dealing with the Trustees shall be under any obligation to make any inquiry concerning the authority of the Trustees, or to see to the application of any payments made or property transferred to the Trustees or upon their order.
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Section 4.2. Issuance and Repurchase of Shares .
The Trustees shall have the power to issue, sell, repurchase, redeem, retire, cancel, acquire, hold, resell, reissue, dispose of, and otherwise deal in Shares and, subject to the provisions set forth in Article II and Article IX, to apply to any such repurchase, redemption, retirement, cancellation, or acquisition of Shares any funds or property of the Trust, or the particular Series of the Trust, with respect to which such Shares are issued.
Section 4.3. Trustees and Officers as Shareholders .
Subject, in all cases, to applicable, law, any Trustee, officer, or agent of the Trust may acquire, own, and dispose of Shares to the same extent as if he or she were not a Trustee, officer, or agent; and the Trustees may issue and sell or cause to be issued and sold Shares to and buy such Shares from any such Person or any firm or company in which he or she is interested, subject only to the general limitations herein contained as to the sale and purchase of such Shares; and all subject to any restrictions which may be contained in the By-Laws.
Section 4.4. Chair or Co-Chairs of the Trustees .
The Trustees may appoint one or more of their number to be Chair or Co-Chair of the board of Trustees. The Chair or Co-Chairs shall preside at all meetings of the Trustees, shall be responsible for the execution of policies established by the Trustees and the administration of the Trust, and may be (but is not required to be) the chief executive, financial, and/or accounting officer of the Trust.
Section 4.5. Principal Transactions .
Except to the extent prohibited by applicable law, the Trustees, on behalf of the Trust, may, in a manner consistent with applicable legal requirements, buy any securities from or sell any securities to, or lend any assets of the Trust to, any Trustees or officer of the Trust or any firm of which any such Trustee or officer is a member acting as principal, or have any such dealings with any investment advisor, distributor or transfer agent for the Trust or with any Interested Person of such Person; and the Trust may employ any such Person, or firm or company in which such Person is an Interested Person, as broker, legal counsel, registrar, investment advisor, distributor, transfer agent, dividend disbursing agent, or custodian, or in any other capacity upon customary terms.
ARTICLE V.
EXPENSES OF THE TRUST
Section 5.1. Payment of Expenses by the Trust .
Subject to the provisions of Article II, Section 2.7 hereof, the Trust or a particular Series shall pay, or shall reimburse the Trustees from the assets belonging to all Series or the appropriate Series for their expenses (or the expenses of a Class of such Series) and disbursements, including, without limitation, fees and expenses of Trustees, interest expense, taxes, fees and commissions of every kind, expenses of pricing Trust portfolio securities, expenses of issue,
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repurchase and redemption of shares, including expenses attributable to a program of periodic repurchases or redemptions, expenses of registering and qualifying the Trust and its Shares under Federal and State laws and regulations or under the laws of any foreign jurisdiction, charges of third parties, including investment advisors, managers, custodians, transfer agents, portfolio accounting and/or pricing agents, and registrars, expenses of preparing and setting up in type prospectuses and statements of additional information and other related Trust documents, expenses of printing and distributing prospectuses sent to existing Shareholders, auditing and legal expenses, reports to Shareholders, expenses of meetings of Shareholders and proxy solicitations therefor, insurance expenses, association membership dues and for such non-recurring items as may arise, including litigation to which the Trust (or a Trustee acting as such) is a party, and for all losses and liabilities by them incurred in administering the Trust, and for the payment of such expenses, disbursements, losses and liabilities the Trustees shall have a lien on the assets belonging to the appropriate Series, on the assets of each such Series, prior to any rights or interests of the Shareholders thereto. This Section shall not preclude the Trust from directly paying any of the aforementioned fees and expenses.
ARTICLE VI.
CONTRACTS WITH SERVICE PROVIDERS
Section 6.1. Investment Advisor .
The Trustees may in their sole discretion, from time to time, cause the Trust or any one or more Series to enter into an investment advisory or management contract or contracts with respect to the Trust or any Series; provided, however, that the initial approval and entering into of such contract or contracts shall be subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Trust Instrument, the Trustees may authorize any investment advisor (subject to such general or specific instructions as the Trustees from time to time may adopt) to effect purchases, sales or exchanges of portfolio securities, other investment instruments of the Trust, or other Trust Property on behalf of the Trustees, or may authorize any officer, agent, or Trustee to effect such purchases, sales, or exchanges pursuant to recommendations of the investment advisor (and all without further action by the Trustees). Any such purchases, sales, and exchanges shall be deemed to have been authorized by all of the Trustees.
The Trustees may authorize, subject to applicable requirements of the 1940 Act, including those relating to Shareholder approval, the investment advisor to employ, from time to time, one or more sub-advisors to perform such of the acts and services of the investment advisor, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the investment advisor and sub-advisor. Any reference in this Trust Instrument to the investment advisor shall be deemed to include such sub-advisors, unless the context otherwise requires.
Section 6.2. Principal Underwriter.
The Trustees may in their sole discretion from time to time cause the Trust or any one or more Series to enter into an exclusive or non-exclusive underwriting contract or contracts providing for the sale of Shares, whereby the Trust or any Series may either agree to sell Shares to the other party to the contract or appoint such other party its sales agent for such Shares. In either case,
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the contract shall be on such terms and conditions, if any, as may be prescribed in the By-Laws, and such further terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their sole discretion determine not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article VI, or of the By-Laws; and such contract may also provide for the repurchase or sale of Shares by such other party as principal or as agent of the Trust or any Series.
Section 6.3. Transfer Agent.
The Trustees may in their sole discretion from time to time cause the Trust or any one or more Series to enter into one or more transfer agency and shareholder service contracts whereby the other party or parties shall undertake to furnish the Trustees with transfer agency and shareholder services. The contract or contracts shall be on such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their discretion determine not inconsistent with the provisions of this Trust Instrument or of the By-Laws.
Section 6.4. Administration Agreement.
The Trustees may in their sole discretion from time to time cause the Trust or any one or more Series to enter one or more administration agreements with respect to one or more Series or Classes of Shares, whereby the other party to such agreement shall undertake to manage the business affairs of the Trust or of a Series or Class of the Trust and furnish the Trust or a Series or a Class with office facilities, and shall be responsible for the ordinary clerical, bookkeeping and recordkeeping services at such office facilities, and other facilities and services, if any, and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees may in their sole discretion determine.
Section 6.5. Service Agreement.
The Trustees may in their sole discretion from time to time cause the Trust or any one or more Series to enter into service agreements with respect to one or more Series or Classes of Shares whereby the other parties to such service agreements will provide administration and/or support services pursuant to administration plans and service plans, and all upon such terms and conditions as the Trustees in their sole discretion may determine.
Section 6.6. Parties to Contract.
Any contract of the character described in Sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5 of this Article VI or any contract of the character described in Article VIII hereof may be entered into with any Person even if one or more of the Trustees or officers of the Trust may be an officer, director, trustee, shareholder, or member of such other party to the contract, and no such contract shall be invalidated or rendered void or voidable by reason of the existence of any such relationship, nor shall any Person holding such relationship be disqualified from voting on or executing the same in his capacity as Shareholder and/or Trustee, nor shall any Person holding such relationship be liable merely by reason of such relationship for any loss or expense to the Trust under or by reason of said contract or accountable for any profit realized directly or indirectly therefrom, provided that the contract when entered into was not inconsistent with the provisions of this Article VI or Article VIII hereof or of the By-Laws. The same Person (including a firm, corporation, partnership, trust or association) may be the other party to contracts entered into pursuant to Sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4 and 6.5 of this Article VI or pursuant to Article VIII hereof, and any individual may be financially interested or otherwise affiliated with Persons who are parties to any or all of the contracts mentioned in this Section 6.6.
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Section 6.7. Provisions and Amendments .
Any contract entered into pursuant to Sections 6.1 or 6.2 of this Article VI shall be consistent with and subject to the requirements of the 1940 Act or other applicable Act of Congress hereafter enacted with respect to its continuance in effect, its termination, and the method of authorization and approval of such contract or renewal thereof, and no amendment to any contract, entered into pursuant to Section 6.1 of this Article VI shall be effective unless assented to in a manner consistent with the requirements of said Section 15, as modified by any applicable rule, regulation or order of the Commission or interpretation thereof. The enumeration of any specific contracts in this Article VI shall in no way be deemed to limit the power and authority of the Trustees as otherwise set forth in this Trust Instrument to authorize the Trust or any Series to employ, contract with or make payments to such Persons as the Trustees may deem desirable for the transaction of the business of the Trust or such Series. The Trustees are further empowered, at any time and from time to time, to contract with any Person to provide such other services to the Trust or one or more of the Series, as the Trustees determine to be in the best interests of the Trust and the applicable Series.
ARTICLE VII.
SHAREHOLDERS VOTING POWERS AND MEETINGS
Section 7.1. Voting Powers .
The Shareholders shall have power to vote only (i) for the election of Trustees as provided in Article III, Section 3.1 hereof, (ii) for the removal of Trustees as provided in Article III, Section 3.3(d) hereof, (iii) with respect to any investment advisory or management contract as provided in Article VI, Sections 6.1 and 6.7 hereof, and (iv) with respect to such additional matters relating to the Trust as may be required by law or any registration of the Trust with the Commission or any State, or as the Trustees may consider necessary or desirable.
On any matter submitted to a vote of the Shareholders, all Shares shall be voted separately by individual Series, except: (i) when required by the 1940 Act, Shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual Series; and (ii) when the Trustees have determined that the matter affects the interests of more than one Series, then the Shareholders of all such affected Series shall be entitled to vote thereon. The Trustees also may determine that a matter affects only the interests of one (1) or more Classes of a Series, in which case any such matter shall be voted on by such Class or Classes. Each whole share shall be entitled to one (1) vote as to any matter on which it is entitled to vote, and each fractional Share shall be entitled to a proportionate fractional vote. There shall be no cumulative voting in the election of Trustees.
Shares may be voted in person or by proxy or in any manner provided for in the By-Laws. A proxy may be given in writing. The By-Laws may provide that proxies may also, or may instead, be given by any electronic or telecommunications device or in any other manner. Notwithstanding anything else herein or in the By-Laws, in the event a proposal by anyone other
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than the officers or Trustees of the Trust is submitted to a vote of the Shareholders of one or more Series or of the Trust, or in the event of any proxy contest or proxy solicitation or proposal in opposition to any proposal by the officers or Trustees of the Trust, Shares may be voted only in person or by written proxy. Until Shares are issued, the Trustees may exercise all rights of Shareholders and may take any action required or permitted by law, this Trust Instrument or any of the By-Laws of the Trust to be taken by Shareholders. Meetings of shareholders shall be called and notice thereof and record dates therefor shall be given and set as provided in the By-Laws.
Section 7.2. Quorum and Required Vote .
One-third of Shares entitled to vote in person or by proxy shall be a quorum for the transaction of business at a Shareholders meeting, except that where any provision of law or of this Trust Instrument permits or requests that holders of any Series shall vote as a Series (or that holders of a Class shall vote as a Class), then one-third of the aggregate number of Shares of that Series (or that Class) entitled to vote shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transactions of business by that Series (or that Class). Any meeting of Shareholders, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned for any lawful purpose by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question of adjourning a meeting to another date and time provided that no meeting shall be adjourned for more than six months beyond the originally scheduled meeting date. In addition, any meeting of Shareholders, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned or postponed by, or upon the authority of, the Chairman or the Trustees to another date and time provided that no meeting shall be adjourned or postponed for more than six months beyond the originally scheduled meeting date. Any adjourned or postponed session or sessions may be held, within a reasonable time after the date set for the original meeting as determined by, or upon the authority of, the Trustees in their sole discretion without the necessity of further notice. Except when a larger vote is required by law or by any provision of this Trust Instrument of the By-Laws, a majority of the Shares voted in person or by proxy shall decide any questions and a plurality shall elect a Trustee, provided that where any provision of law or of this Trust Instrument permits or requires that the holders of any Series shall vote as a Series (or that the holders of any Class shall vote as a Class), then a majority of the Shares present in person or by proxy of that Series (or Class) or, if required by law, subject to a majority shareholder vote, as defined by the 1940 Act, of that Series (or Class), voted on the matter in person or by proxy shall decide matter insofar as that Series (or Class) is concerned. Shareholders may act by unanimous written consent. Actions taken by Series (or Class) may be consented to unanimously in writing by Shareholders of that Series (or Class).
ARTICLE VIII.
CUSTODIAN
Section 8.1. Appointment and Dutie s.
The Trustees shall cause the Trust at all times to employ a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, or a trust company, each having capital, surplus and undivided profits of at least two million dollars ($2,000,000), or any other entity satisfying the requirements of the 1940 Act, as custodian with authority as its agent, but subject to such restrictions, limitations, and other requirements, if any, as may be contained in the By-Laws of the Trust:
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(1) to hold the securities and other assets of the Trust and deliver the same upon written order or oral order confirmed in writing;
(2) to receive and receipt for any moneys due to the Trust and deposit the same in its own banking department or elsewhere as the Trustees may direct;
(3) to disburse such funds upon orders or vouchers; and the Trust also may employ such custodian as its agent;
(4) to keep the books and accounts of the Trust or of any Series or Class and furnish clerical and accounting services; and
(5) to compute, if authorized to do so by the Trustees, the Net Asset Value of any Series, or Class, in accordance with the provisions hereof; all upon such basis of compensation as may be agreed upon between the Trustees and the custodian.
The Trustees also may authorize the custodian to employ one or more sub-custodians from time to time to perform such of the acts and services of the custodian, and upon such terms and conditions, as may be agreed upon between the custodian and such sub-custodian and approved by the Trustees, provided that in every case such sub-custodian shall be a bank, a company that is a member of a national securities exchange, a trust company or any other entity satisfying the requirements of the 1940 Act.
Section 8.2. Central Certificate System .
Subject to such rules, regulations, and orders as the Commission may adopt, the Trustees may direct the custodian to deposit all or any part of the securities owned by the Trust in a system for the central handling of securities established by a national securities exchange or a national securities association registered with the Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or such other Person as may be permitted by the Commission, or otherwise in accordance with the 1940 Act, pursuant to which system all securities of any particular class or series of any issuer deposited within the system are treated as fungible and may be transferred or pledged by bookkeeping entry without physical delivery of such securities, provided that all such deposits shall be subject to withdrawal only upon the order of the Trust or its custodians, sub-custodians or other agents.
ARTICLE IX.
DISTRIBUTIONS AND REDEMPTIONS
Section 9.1. Distributions .
(a) The Trustees from time to time may declare and pay dividends or other distributions with respect to any Series. No dividend or distribution, including, without limitation, any distribution paid upon dissolution of the Trust or of any Series (or Class) with respect to, nor any redemption
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or repurchase of, the Shares of any Series (or Class) shall be effected by the Trust other than from the assets held with respect to such Series, nor shall any Shareholder of any particular Series otherwise have any right or claim against the assets held with respect to any other Series except to the extent that such Shareholder has such a right or claim hereunder as a Shareholder of such other Series. The Trustees shall have full discretion to determine which items shall be treated as income and which items as capital; and each such determination and allocation shall be conclusive and binding upon the Shareholders. The amount of such dividends or distributions and the payment of them and whether they are in cash or any other Trust Property shall be wholly in the sole discretion of the Trustees.
(b) Dividends and other distributions may be paid or made to the Shareholders of record at the time of declaring a dividend or other distribution or among the Shareholders of record at such other date or time or dates or times as the Trustees shall determine, which dividends or distributions, at the election of the Trustees, may be paid pursuant to a standing resolution or resolutions adopted only once or with such frequency as the Trustees may determine. The Trustees may adopt and offer to Shareholders such dividend reinvestment plans, cash dividend payout plans, or related plans as the Trustees shall deem appropriate.
(c) Anything in this Trust Instrument to the contrary notwithstanding, the Trustees at any time may declare and distribute a stock dividend pro rata among the Shareholders of a particular Series or Class as of the record date of that Series fixed as provided in paragraph (b) of this Section 9.1.
Section 9.2. Redemptions .
The Trustees may specify conditions, prices, and places of redemption, may specify binding requirements for the proper form or forms of requests for redemption and may specify the amount of any deferred sales charge or fee to be withheld from redemption proceeds. Payment of the redemption price may be wholly or partly in securities, cash or other assets (or any combination thereof) at the value of such securities or assets used in such determination of Net Asset Value, or may be in cash. Upon redemption, Shares may be reissued from time to time. The Trustees may require Shareholders to redeem Shares for any reason under terms set by the Trustees in their sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the failure of a Shareholder to supply a taxpayer identification number if required to do so, or to have the minimum investment required, or to pay when due for the purchase of Shares issued to him. To the extent permitted by law, the Trustees may retain the proceeds of any redemption of Shares required by them for payment of amounts due and owing by a Shareholder to the Trust or any Series or Class or any governmental authority. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trustees may postpone payment of the redemption price and may suspend the right of the Shareholders to require any Series or Class to redeem Shares during any period of time when and to the extent permissible under the 1940 Act. All authorized Shares shall be subject to redemption and redeemable in accordance with and pursuant to procedures or methods prescribed or approved by the Trustees. If the Trustees determine to issue Shares in Creation Units pursuant to Section 2.2, then such Shares shall be redeemable only in the manner and on such days as may be determined by or determined pursuant to procedures or methods prescribed by or approved by the Trustees from time to time with respect to such Series or Class. Each holder of a Creation Unit of a Series or Class, upon request to the Trust in accordance with procedures established by the Trustees, shall be entitled
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to require the Trust to redeem all or any number of such holders Shares standing in the name of such holder on the books of the Trust, but in the case of the Shares of any Series or Class as to which the Trustees have determined that such Shares shall be redeemable only in Creation Unit aggregations, only in such Creation Unit aggregations of Shares of such Series or Class as the Trustees may determine from time to time in accordance with this Article IX, at a redemption price per share equal to an amount determined by the Trustees in accordance with applicable laws. Subject to applicable federal law including the 1940 Act, and except as otherwise determined by the Trustees, upon redemption, Shares shall no longer be deemed outstanding or carry any voting rights irrespective of whether a record date for any matter on which such Shares were entitled to vote had been set on a date prior to the date on which such Shares were redeemed. In making a determination as to whether redeemed Shares shall be deemed outstanding and carry any voting rights with respect to any matter on which such Shares were entitled to vote prior to redemption, subject to applicable federal law including the 1940 Act, the Trustees may, among other things, determine that Shares redeemed either before or after a date specified by the Trustees between the record date for such matter and the meeting date for such matter shall be deemed outstanding and retain voting rights, which determination may be made for any reason including that it would not be reasonably practicable to obtain a quorum if all of the Shares redeemed after the record date for such matter and before the voting date no longer were deemed outstanding and carried any voting rights.
Section 9.3. Determination of Net Asset Value and Valuation of Portfolio Assets .
The term Net Asset Value of any Series shall mean that amount by which the assets of that Series exceed its liabilities, all as determined by or under the direction of the Trustees. Such value shall be determined separately for each Series and shall be determined on such days and at such times as the Trustees may determine. The Trustees may delegate any of their powers and duties under this Section 9.3 with respect to valuation of assets and liabilities. The resulting amount, which shall represent the total Net Asset Value of the particular Series, shall be divided by the total number of shares of that Series outstanding at the time and the quotient so obtained shall be the Net Asset Value per Share of that Series. At any time the Trustees may cause the Net Asset Value per Share last determined to be determined again in similar manner and may fix the time when such redetermined value shall become effective. If, for any reason, the net income of any Series, determined at any time, is a negative amount, the Trustees shall have the power with respect to that Series: (i) to offset each Shareholders pro rata share of such negative amount from the accrued dividend account of such Shareholder; or (ii) to reduce the number of Outstanding Shares of such Series by reducing the number of Shares in the account of each Shareholder by a pro rata portion of the number of full and fractional Shares which represents the amount of such excess negative net income; or (iii) to cause to be recorded on the books of such Series an asset account in the amount of such negative net income (provided that the same shall thereupon become the property of such Series with respect to such Series and shall not be paid to any Shareholder), which account may be reduced by the amount of dividends or distributions declared thereafter upon the Outstanding Shares of such Series on the day such negative net income is experienced, until such asset account is reduced to zero; or (iv) to combine the methods described in clauses (i) and (ii) and (iii) above; or (v) to take any other action they deem appropriate, in order to cause (or in order to assist in causing) the Net Asset Value per Share of such Series to remain at a constant amount per Outstanding Share immediately after each such determination and declaration. The Trustees also shall have the power not to declare a dividend
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or distribution out of net income for the purpose of causing the Net Asset Value per Share to be increased. The Trustees shall not be required to adopt, but at any time may adopt, discontinue, or amend the practice of maintaining the Net Asset value per Share of the Series at a constant amount. In the event that any Series are divided into Classes, the provisions of this Section 9.3, to the extent applicable as determined in the sole discretion of the Trustees and consistent with applicable law, may be equally applied to each such Class.
Section 9.4. Suspension of the Right of Redemption .
The Trustees may declare a suspension of the right of redemption or postpone the date of payment as permitted under the 1940 Act. Such suspension shall take effect at such time as the Trustees shall specify but not later than the close of business on the business day next following the declaration of suspension, and thereafter there shall be no right of redemption or payment until the Trustees shall declare the suspension at an end. In the case of a suspension of the right of redemption, a Shareholder may either withdraw his request for redemption or receive payment based on the Net Asset Value per Share next determined after the termination of the suspension.
ARTICLE X.
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.1. Limitation of Liability .
All Persons extending credit to, contracting with or having any claim against the Trust or a particular Series shall look only to the assets of the Trust or any applicable Series that such Person extended credit to, contracted with or has a claim against, for payment under such contract or claim; and neither the Trustees nor the Shareholders, nor, when acting in such capacity, any of the Trusts officers, employees or agents, whether past, present or future, shall be personally liable therefor. Provided they have exercised reasonable care and have acted under the reasonable belief that their actions are in the best interest of the Trust, the Trustees and officers of the Trust shall not be responsible or liable for any act or omission, errors of judgment, mistakes of fact or law, or for neglect or wrongdoing of them or any officer, agent, employee, investment advisor or independent contractor of the Trust, but nothing contained in this Trust Instrument or in the Delaware Act shall protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against liability to the Trust or to Shareholders to which he or she would otherwise be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office.
Every note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking and every other act or thing whatsoever executed or done by or on behalf of the Trust or the Trustees by any of them in connection with the Trust shall conclusively be deemed to have been executed or done only in or with respect to his or their capacity as Trustee or Trustees, and such Trustee or Trustees shall not be personally liable thereon. At the Trustees discretion, any note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking made or issued by the Trustees or by any officer or officers may give notice that the Certificate of Trust is on file in the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware and that a limitation on the liability of the Trust and the Series exists and such note, bond, contract, instrument, certificate or undertaking may, if the Trustees so determine, recite
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that the same was executed or made on behalf of the Trust by a Trustee or Trustees in such capacity and not individually or by an officer or officers in such capacity and not individually and that the obligations of such instrument are not binding upon any of them or the Shareholders individually but are binding only on the assets and property of the Trust or a Series thereof, and may contain such further recital as such Person or Persons may deem appropriate. The omission of any such notice or recital shall in no way operate to bind any Trustees, officers or Shareholders individually.
Section 10.2. Indemnification .
(a) Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in paragraph (b) below:
(i) every Person who is, or has been, a Trustee or officer of the Trust (hereinafter referred to as a Covered Person) shall be indemnified by the Trust or the applicable Series to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him or her in connection with any claim, action, suit, or proceeding in which he or she becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his or her being or having been a Trustee or officer and against amounts paid or incurred by him or her in the settlement thereof; and
(ii) the words claim, action, suit, or proceeding shall apply to all claims, actions, suits, or proceedings (civil, criminal, or other, including appeals), actual or threatened, while in office or thereafter, and the words liability and expenses shall include, without limitation, attorneys fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties, and other liabilities.
(b) To the extent required under the 1940 Act, but only to such extent, no indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person:
(i) who shall have been adjudicated by a court or body before which the proceeding was brought (A) to be liable to the Trust or its Shareholders by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office or (B) not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief that his action was in the best interest of the Trust; or
(ii) in the event of a settlement, unless there has been a determination that such Covered Person did not engage in willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his office:
(A) |
by the court or other body approving the settlement; |
(B) |
by at least a majority of those Trustees who neither are Interested Persons of the Trust nor are parties to the matter based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry); or |
(C) |
by written opinion of independent legal counsel based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a full trial-type inquiry). |
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(c) The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not be exclusive of or affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a Person who has ceased to be a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a Person. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which Trust personnel, other than Covered Persons, and other Persons may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law.
(d) To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, expenses in connection with the preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit, or proceeding of the character described in paragraph (a) of this Section 10.2 shall be paid by the Trust or Series from time to time prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of any undertaking by or on behalf of such Covered Person that such amount will be paid over by him to the Trust or Series if it ultimately is determined that he or she is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.2; provided, however, that either (a) such Covered Person shall have provided appropriate security for such undertaking; (b) the Trust is insured against losses arising out of any such advance payments, or (c) either a majority of the Trustees who are neither Interested Persons of the Trust nor parties to the matter, or independent legal counsel in a written opinion, shall have determined, based upon a review of readily-available facts (as opposed to a trial-type inquiry or full investigation), that there is a reason to believe that such Covered Person will be found entitled to indemnification under this Section 10.2. Notwithstanding anything else herein, any amendment to Article X hereof shall not be effective to limit the rights to indemnification or insurance provided herein with respect to any Covered Persons without such Covered Persons written consent. The advancement of any expenses pursuant to this Section 10.2(d) shall under no circumstances be considered a loan under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended from time to time, or for any other reason.
(e) The Trust is authorized to enter into separate indemnification agreements with any one or more Trustees or officers of the Trust.
(f) Any repeal or modification of this Article X or adoption or modification of any other provision of this Trust Instrument inconsistent with this Article shall be prospective only to the extent that such repeal or modification would, if applied retrospectively, adversely affect any limitation on the liability of any Covered Person or indemnification or right to advancement of expenses available to any Covered Person with respect to any act or omission that occurred prior to such repeal, modification or adoption.
(g) To the extent that any determination is required to be made as to whether a Covered Person engaged in conduct for which indemnification is not provided as described herein, or as to whether there is reason to believe that a Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification, the Person or Persons making the determination shall afford the Covered Person a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in such conduct and that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.
(h) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Trust Instrument to the contrary, any liability and/or expense against which any Covered Person is indemnified under this Section 10.2 and any advancement of expenses that any Covered Person is entitled to be paid under Section 10.2(d)
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shall be deemed to be joint and several obligations of the Trust and each Series, and the assets of the Trust and each Series shall be subject to the claims of any Covered Person therefor under this Article X; provided that any such liability, expense or obligation may be allocated and charged by the Trustees between or among the Trust and/or any one or more Series (and Classes) in such manner as the Trustees in their sole discretion deem fair and equitable.
Section 10.3. Shareholders .
In case any Shareholder or former Shareholder of any Series shall be held to be personally liable solely by reason of his being or having been a Shareholder of such Series and not because of his acts or omissions or for some other reason, the Shareholder or former Shareholder (or his heirs, executors, administrators, or other legal representatives, or, in the case of a corporation or other entity, its corporate or other general successor) shall be entitled out of the assets belonging to the applicable Series to be held harmless from and indemnified against all loss and expense arising from such liability. The Trust, on behalf of the affected Series, shall assume, upon request by the Shareholder, the defense of any claim made against the Shareholder for any act or obligation of the Series and satisfy any judgment thereon from the assets of the Series.
Section 10.4. No Bond Required of Trustees .
No Trustee shall be obligated to give any bond or other security for the performance of any of his duties hereunder.
Section 10.5. No Duty of Investigation; Notice in Trust Instruments, Etc.
No purchaser, lender, transfer agent or other Person dealing with the Trustees or any officer, employee or agent of the Trust or a Series thereof shall be bound to make any inquiry concerning the validity of any transaction purporting to be made by the Trustees or by said officer, employee or agent or be liable for the application of money or property paid, loaned, or delivered to or on the order of the Trustees or of said officer, employee or agent. Every obligation, contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or a Series thereof or undertaking, and every other act or thing whatsoever executed in connection with the Trust shall be conclusively presumed to have been executed or done by the executors thereof only in their capacity as Trustees under this Trust Instrument or in their capacity as officers, employees or agents of the Trust or a Series thereof. Every written obligation, contract, instrument, certificate, Share, other security of the Trust or a Series thereof or undertaking made or issued by the Trustees may recite that the same is executed or made by them not individually, but as Trustees under this Trust Instrument, and that the obligations of the Trust or a Series thereof under any such instrument are not binding upon any of the Trustees or Shareholders individually, but bind only the Trust Property or the Trust Property of the applicable Series, and may contain any further recital which they may deem appropriate, but the omission of such recital shall not operate to bind the Trustees individually. The Trustees shall at all times maintain insurance for the protection of the Trust Property or the Trust Property of the applicable Series, its Shareholders, Trustees, officers, employees and agents in such amount as the Trustees shall deem adequate to cover possible tort liability, and such other insurance as the Trustees in their sole judgment shall deem advisable.
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Section 10.6. Trustees Good Faith Action, Reliance on Experts, Etc .
The exercise in good faith by the Trustees of their powers and discretions hereunder shall be binding upon everyone interested. The Trustees may rely in good faith upon advice of counsel or other experts with respect to the meaning and operation of this Trust Instrument and their duties as Trustees hereunder, and shall be under no liability for any act or omission in accordance with such advice; provided the Trustees shall be under no liability for failing to follow such advice. A Trustee shall be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Trust and upon information, opinions, reports or statements presented by another Trustee or any officer, employee or other agent of the Trust, or by any other Person as to matters the Trustee reasonably believes are within such other Persons professional or expert competence, including information, opinions, reports or statements as to the value and amount of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Trust or any Series or Class, or the value and amount of assets or reserves or contracts, agreements or other undertakings that would be sufficient to pay claims and obligations of the Trust or any Series or Class or to make reasonable provision to pay such claims and obligations, or any other facts pertinent to the existence and amount of assets from which distributions to Shareholders or creditors of the Trust might properly be paid. The appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee as chair of the Trustees, a member or chair of a committee of the Trustees, an expert on any topic or in any area (including an audit committee financial expert), or the lead independent Trustee, or any other special appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee, shall not impose on that person any standard of care or liability that is greater than that imposed on that person as a Trustee in the absence of the appointment, designation or identification, and no Trustee who has special skills or expertise, or is appointed, designated or identified as aforesaid, shall be held to a higher standard of care by virtue thereof. In addition, no appointment, designation or identification of a Trustee as aforesaid shall affect in any way that Trustees rights or entitlement to indemnification or advancement of expenses. The Trustees shall not be required to give any bond as such, nor any surety if a bond is obtained.
ARTICLE XI.
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.1. Trust Not a Partnership .
It is hereby expressly declared that a statutory trust and not a partnership is created hereby. No Trustee hereunder shall have any power to bind personally either the Trusts officers or any Shareholder. All Persons extending credit to, contracting with, or having any claim against the Trust or the Trustees shall look only to the assets of the appropriate Series or (if the Trustees shall have yet to have established the Series) the Trust for payment under such credit, contract, or claim; and neither the Shareholders nor the Trustees, nor any of their agents, whether past, present, or future, shall be personally liable therefore. Nothing in this Trust Instrument shall protect a Trustee against any liability to which the Trustee otherwise would be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of the office of Trustee hereunder.
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Section 11.2. Trustee Action .
The exercise by the Trustees of their powers and discretions hereunder in good faith and with reasonable care under the circumstances then prevailing shall be binding upon everyone interested. Subject to the provisions of Article X hereof and to Section 11.1 of this Article XI, the Trustees shall not be liable for errors of judgment or mistakes of fact or law.
Section 11.3. Establishment of Record Dates.
For the purpose of determining the Shareholders of any Series (or Class) who are entitled to receive payment of any dividend or of any other distribution, the Trustees may from time to time fix a date, which shall be before the date for the payment of such dividend or such other payment, as the record date for determining the Shareholders of such Series (or Class) having the right to receive such dividend or distribution. Without fixing a record date, the Trustees may for distribution purposes close the register or transfer books for one or more Series (or Classes) any time prior to the payment of a distribution. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series (or Classes). The Trustees may fix in advance a date, to be determined by the Trustees and no longer than that permitted by applicable law, before the date of any Shareholders meeting, or the date for the payment of any dividends or other distributions, or the date for the allotment of rights, or the date when any change or conversion or exchange of Shares shall go into effect as a record date for the determination of the Shareholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, any such meeting, or entitled to receive payment of such dividend or other distribution, or to receive any such allotment of rights, or to exercise such rights in respect of any such change, conversion or exchange of Shares. Additional provisions relating to the establishment of record dates and other matters relating to the conduct of Shareholders meetings shall be as set forth in the By-Laws.
Section 11.4. Termination of Trust .
(a) This Trust shall continue without limitation of time but subject to the provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 11.4.
(b) The Trustees may without Shareholder approval:
(i) sell and convey all or substantially all of the assets of the Trust or any affected Series to another trust, partnership, association, or corporation, or to a separate series of shares thereof, organized under the laws of any state, which trust, partnership, association, or corporation is an open-end management investment company as defined in the 1940 Act, or is a series thereof, for adequate consideration which may include the assumption of all outstanding obligations, taxes, and other liabilities, accrued or contingent, of the Trust or any affected Series, and which may include shares of beneficial interest, stock, or other ownership interests of such trust, partnership, association, or corporation or of a series thereof; or
(ii) at any time, sell and convert into money all of the assets of the Trust or any affected series.
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Upon payment, or making reasonable provision, in the determination of the Trustees, for the payment of all such liabilities in either (i) or (ii) of this Section 11.4(b) in accordance with the Delaware Act, by such assumption or otherwise, the Trustees shall distribute the remaining proceeds or assets (as the case may be) of each Series (or Class) ratably among the holders of Shares of that Series then outstanding.
(c) Upon completion of the distribution of the remaining proceeds or the remaining assets as provided in paragraph (b) of this Section 11.4, the Trust or any affected Series shall terminate and the Trustees and the Trust shall be discharged of any and all further liabilities and duties hereunder and the right, title, and interest of all parties with respect to the Trust or Series shall be canceled and discharged.
Following completion of winding up of the Trusts business and affairs, the Trustees shall cause a certificate of cancellation of the Trusts certificate of trust to be filed in accordance with the Delaware Act, which certificate of cancellation may be signed by any one Trustee and the Trust shall thereby terminate.
Section 11.5. Reorganization .
(a) Notwithstanding anything else herein, the Trustees, in order to change the form of organization of the Trust or for any other reason, may, without prior Shareholder approval, (i) cause the Trust to merge or consolidate with or into one (1) or more trusts, partnerships, associations, or corporations so long as the surviving or resulting entity is an open-end management investment company under the 1940 Act, or is a series thereof, that will succeed to or assume the Trusts registration under that Act and which is formed, organized, or existing under the laws of a state, commonwealth, territory, possession, or colony of the United States or (ii) cause the Trust to incorporate under the laws of State of Delaware. Any agreement of merger or consolidation or certificate of merger may be signed by a majority of Trustees and facsimile signature conveyed by electronic or telecommunication means shall be valid.
(b) Pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of Section 3815(f) of the Delaware Act, and notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Trust Instrument, an agreement of merger or consolidation approved by the Trustees in accordance with Section 11.5(a) may effect any amendment to the Trust Instrument or effect the adoption of a new trust instrument of the Trust if the Trust is the surviving or resulting trust in the merger or consolidation.
(c) The Trustees may, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, cause any Series (the Applicable Fund) to (i) if permitted by the Delaware Act, merge or consolidate in accordance with the provisions thereof with or into, (ii) sell, convey and transfer all or substantially all of its assets to, or (iii) exchange its Shares for Shares of, one or more other Series, whether then existing or to be established in connection with such merger, consolidation, asset sale or Share exchange as provided in (i)-(iii) above. Any such merger, consolidation, asset sale or Share exchange shall not require the vote of the Shareholders unless such vote is required by the 1940 Act. Unless the 1940 Act or other applicable law or regulation provides otherwise, the Trustees
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shall have the power to prescribe additional procedures or terms necessary or appropriate to accomplish any such merger, consolidation, asset sale or Share exchange, including the power (x) to create one or more Series or separate statutory trusts (or series thereof) or other business entities to which all or any part of the assets, liabilities, profits or losses of the Applicable Fund may be transferred, (y) to provide for the conversion of Shares into beneficial interests in such Series or separate statutory trust or trusts (or series thereof) or other business entities and (z) to condition or not to condition any asset sale upon the assumption by the transferee of the liabilities associated with the Applicable Fund the assets of which are so transferred. To the extent of any conflicting or inconsistent provision(s) in Sections 11.5(a) or (b) of this Trust Instrument, the provisions of this Section 11.5(c) shall control.
Section 11.6. Filing of Copies; References; Headings .
The original or a copy of this Trust Instrument and the original or a copy of each amendment hereof or Trust Instrument supplemental hereto shall be kept at the office of the Trust where it may be inspected by any Shareholder. Anyone dealing with the Trust may rely on a certificate by an officer or Trustee of the Trust as to whether or not any such amendments or supplements have been made and as to any matters in connection with the Trust hereunder, and, with the same effect as if it were the original, may rely on a copy certified by an officer or Trustee of the Trust to be a copy of this Trust Instrument or of any such amendment or supplemental Trust Instrument, and references to this Trust Instrument, and all expressions such as or similar to herein, hereof, and hereunder shall be deemed to refer to this Trust Instrument as amended or affected by any such supplemental Trust Instrument. All expressions such as or similar to his, he, and him shall be deemed to include the feminine and neuter, as well as masculine, genders. Headings are placed herein for convenience of reference only and, in case of any conflict, the text of this Trust Instrument, rather than the headings, shall control. This Trust Instrument and any document, consent or instrument referenced in or contemplated by this Trust Instrument or the By-Laws may be executed in any number of counterparts each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which together will constitute one and the same instrument. The terms include, includes and including and any comparable terms shall be deemed to mean including, without limitation. Any reference to any statute, law, code, rule or regulation shall be deemed to refer to such statute, law, code, rule or regulation as amended or restated from time to time and any successor thereto.
Section 11.7. Applicable Law .
The trust set forth in this instrument is made in the State of Delaware, and the Trust and this Trust Instrument, and the rights and obligations of the Trustees and Shareholders hereunder, are to be governed by and construed and administered according to the Delaware Act and the laws of said State; provided, however, that there shall not be applicable to the trust, the Trust, the Trustee or this Trust Instrument (a) the provisions of Section 3540 of Title 12 of the Delaware Code or (b) any provisions of the laws (statutory or common) of the State of Delaware (other than the Delaware Act) pertaining to trusts which relate to or regulate (i) the filing with any court or governmental body or agency of trustee accounts or schedules of trustee fees and charges, (ii) affirmative requirements to post bonds for trustees, officers, agents, or employees of a trust, (iii) the necessity for obtaining court or other governmental approval concerning the acquisition, holding, or disposition of real or personal property, (iv) fees or other sums payable to trustees,
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officers, agents, or employees of a trust, (v) the allocation of receipts and expenditures to income and principal, (vi) restrictions or limitations on the permissible nature, amount, or concentration of trust investments or requirements relating to the titling, storage, or other manner of holding of trust assets, or (vii) the establishment of fiduciary or other standards or responsibilities or limitations on the acts or powers of trustees, which are inconsistent with the limitations or liabilities or authorities and powers of the Trustees set forth or referenced in this Trust Instrument. The Trust shall be of the type commonly called a Delaware statutory trust and, without limiting the provisions hereof, the Trust may exercise all powers or privileges afforded to trusts or actions that may be engaged in by trusts under the Delaware Act, and the absence of a specific reference herein to any such power, privilege, or action shall not imply that the Trust may not exercise such power or privilege or take such actions.
Section 11.8. Amendments .
This Trust Instrument may be restated and/or amended at any time by (i) an instrument in writing signed by a majority of the Trustees then holding office or (ii) adoption by a majority of the Trustees then holding office of a resolution specifying the restatement and/or amendment. Any such restatement and/or amendment hereto shall be effective immediately upon such execution or adoption, unless otherwise specified by the Trustees. No vote or consent of any Shareholder shall be required for any amendment to this Trust Instrument except (i) as determined by the Trustees in their sole discretion or (ii) as required by federal law, including the 1940 Act, but only to the extent so required. Any officer of the Trust is authorized from time to time to restate this Trust Instrument into a single instrument to reflect all amendments hereto made in accordance with the terms hereof. The Certificate of Trust may be restated and/or amended by any Trustee as necessary or desirable to reflect any change in the information set forth therein, and any such restatement and/or amendment shall be effective immediately upon filing with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware or upon such future date as may be stated therein. Notwithstanding anything else herein, any amendment to Article X hereof shall not limit the rights to indemnification, advancement or insurance provided therein with respect to action or omission of Covered Persons prior to such amendment.
Section 11.9. Derivative Actions .
In addition to the requirements set forth in Section 3816 of the Delaware Act, a Shareholder may bring a derivative action on behalf of the Trust or, to the extent permitted by the Delaware Act, with respect to a Series or Class thereof only if the following conditions are met:
(a) Shareholders eligible to bring such derivative action under the Delaware Act who hold at least 10% of the Outstanding Shares of the Trust, or 10% of the Outstanding Shares of the Series or class to which such action relates, shall join in the request for the Trustees to commence such action; and
(b) (i) Prior to bringing such action, the Shareholder or Shareholders must make a demand upon the Trustees to bring the subject action unless an effort to cause the Trustees to bring such an action is not likely to succeed; and a demand on the Trustees shall only be deemed not likely to succeed and therefore excused if a majority of the Trustees, or a majority of the Trustees of any committee established to consider the merits of such action, has a personal financial interest
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in the transaction at issue, and a Trustee shall not be deemed interested in a transaction or otherwise disqualified from ruling on the merits of a Shareholder demand by virtue of the fact that such Trustee receives remuneration for his service as a Trustee of the Trust or as a trustee or director of one or more investment companies that are under common management with or otherwise affiliated with the Trust; and (ii) unless a demand is not required under clause (i) of this paragraph, the Trustees must be afforded a reasonable amount of time to consider such Shareholder request and to investigate the basis of such claim; and the Trustees shall be entitled to retain counsel or other advisors in considering the merits of the request and may require an undertaking by the Shareholders making such request to reimburse the Trust for the expense of any such advisors in the event that the Trustees determine not to bring such action. For purposes of this Section 11.9, the Trustees may designate a committee of one Trustee to consider a Shareholder demand if necessary to create a committee of Trustees who do not have a personal financial interest in the transaction at issue.
In addition to all suits, claims or other actions (collectively, claims) that under applicable law must be brought as derivative claims, each Shareholder of the Trust or any Series or Class thereof agrees that any claim that affects all Shareholders of a Series or Class equally, that is, proportionately based on their number of Shares in such Series or Class, must be brought as a derivative claim subject to this Section 11.9 irrespective of whether such claim involves a violation of the Shareholders rights under this Trust Instrument or any other alleged violation of contractual or individual rights that might otherwise give rise to a direct claim.
Section 11.10. Fiscal Year .
The fiscal year of the Trust shall end on a specified date as set forth in the By-Laws, provided, however, that the Trustees, without Shareholder approval, may change the fiscal year of the Trust.
Section 11.11. Provisions in Conflict With Law .
The provisions of this Trust Instrument are severable, and if the Trustees shall determine, with the advice of counsel, that any of such provisions is in conflict with the 1940 Act, with the regulated investment company provisions of the Internal Revenue Code or with other applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provision shall be deemed never to have constituted a part of this Trust Instrument; provided, however, that such determination shall not affect any of the remaining provisions of this Trust Instrument or render invalid or improper any action taken or omitted prior to such determination. If any provision of this Trust Instrument shall be held invalid or improper, unenforceability shall attach only to such provision in such jurisdiction and shall not in any manner affect such provisions in any other jurisdiction or any other provision of this Trust Instrument in any jurisdiction.
Section 11.12. Exclusive Delaware Jurisdiction .
Each Trustee, each officer and each Person legally or beneficially owning a Share or an interest in a Share of the Trust (whether through a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing or otherwise), to the fullest extent permitted by law, including Section 3804(e) of the Delaware Act, (i) irrevocably agrees that any claims, suits,
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actions or proceedings asserting a claim governed by the internal affairs (or similar) doctrine or arising out of or relating in any way to the Trust, the Delaware Act, this Trust Instrument or the By-Laws (including, without limitation, any claims, suits, actions or proceedings to interpret, apply or enforce (A) the provisions of this Trust Instrument or the By-Laws, or (B) the duties (including fiduciary duties), obligations or liabilities of the Trust to the Shareholders or the Trustees, or of officers or the Trustees to the Trust, to the Shareholders or each other, or (C) the rights or powers of, or restrictions on, the Trust, the officers, the Trustees or the Shareholders, or (D) any provision of the Delaware Act or other laws of the State of Delaware pertaining to trusts made applicable to the Trust pursuant to Section 3809 of the Delaware Act, or (E) any other instrument, document, agreement or certificate contemplated by any provision of the Delaware Act, this Trust Instrument or the By-Laws relating in any way to the Trust (regardless, in each case, of whether such claims, suits, actions or proceedings (x) sound in contract, tort, fraud or otherwise, (y) are based on common law, statutory, equitable, legal or other grounds, or (z) are derivative or direct claims)), shall be exclusively brought in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, any other court in the State of Delaware with subject matter jurisdiction, (ii) irrevocably submits to the exclusive jurisdiction of such courts in connection with any such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (iii) irrevocably agrees not to, and waives any right to, assert in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding that (A) it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of such courts or any other court to which proceedings in such courts may be appealed, (B) such claim, suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, or (C) the venue of such claim, suit, action or proceeding is improper, (iv) expressly waives any requirement for the posting of a bond by a party bringing such claim, suit, action or proceeding, (v) consents to process being served in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding by mailing, certified mail, return receipt requested, a copy thereof to such party at the address in effect for notices hereunder, and agrees that such service shall constitute good and sufficient service of process and notice thereof; provided, nothing in clause (v) hereof shall affect or limit any right to serve process in any other manner permitted by law, and (vi) irrevocably waives any and all right to trial by jury in any such claim, suit, action or proceeding.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being the initial Trustee of the Trust, has executed this instrument this 19th day of November, 2018.
/s/ John M. Perlowski |
John M. Perlowski as Trustee and not individually |
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Exhibit 2(a)
BY-LAWS
OF
BLACKROCK ETF TRUST
These By-Laws of BlackRock ETF Trust (the Trust), a Delaware statutory trust, are subject to the Trusts Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated November 19, 2018, as from time to time amended, supplemented, or restated (the Trust Instrument). Capitalized terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Instrument are used as therein defined. The provisions of Sections 11.6, 11.7, 11.11 and 11.12 of the Trust Instrument shall apply to these By-Laws mutatis mutandis . In the event of any inconsistency between the terms hereof and the terms of the Trust Instrument, the terms of the Trust Instrument control.
ARTICLE I
PRINCIPAL OFFICE
Section 1. Principal and Other Offices . The principal office of the Trust shall be located at 100 Bellevue Parkway, Wilmington, Delaware 19809, or such other location as the Trustees, from time to time, may determine. The Trust may establish and maintain such other offices and places of business as the Trustees, from time to time, may determine.
Section 2. Registered Office and Agent . The Trustees shall establish a registered office in the State of Delaware and shall appoint a registered agent for service of process on the Trust, which agent may be either an individual resident in the State of Delaware whose business office is identical with the Trusts registered office, or a domestic corporation, or a foreign corporation authorized to transact business in the State of Delaware, having a business office identical with such registered office.
ARTICLE II
OFFICERS AND THEIR ELECTION
Section 1. Officers . The officers of the Trust shall be President (who shall be the Chief Executive Officer if no other officer is so designated), Treasurer, Secretary, Chief Compliance Officer and such other officers as from time to time may be elected by the Trustees or as may be appointed as provided in Article III of these By-Laws. It shall not be necessary for any officer to be a holder of Shares in the Trust.
Section 2. Election of Officers; Term . All officers shall be elected by the Trustees or appointed by an officer or committee as provided in Article III of these By-Laws. Two or more offices may be held by a single person except the offices of President and Secretary. Subject to the provisions of Article II, Section 3 and Article III, Section 14 of these By-Laws, the President, the Treasurer, the Chief Compliance Officer, and the Secretary shall each hold office until their successors are chosen and qualified and all other officers shall hold office at the pleasure of the Trustees.
Section 3. Resignations . Any officer of the Trust may resign at any time, notwithstanding Article II, Section 2, by delivering a written resignation to the Trustees, the President, or the Secretary, which resignation shall take effect on being so delivered or at such time as may be therein specified.
ARTICLE III
POWERS AND DUTIES OF TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS
Section 1. Management of the Trust: General . The business and affairs of the Trust shall be managed by, or under the direction of, the Trustees, and the Trustees shall have all powers necessary and desirable to carry out their responsibilities, so far as such powers are not inconsistent with applicable law, the Trust Instrument, or with these By-Laws.
Section 2. Executive and Other Committees . The Trustees may elect from their own number an executive committee, which shall have any or all the powers of the Trustees while the Trustees are not in session, except those powers which by law, the Trust Instrument or these By-Laws are not permitted to be delegated by the Trustees. The Trustees also may elect from their own number other committees from time to time. The number composing such committees and the powers conferred upon the same are to be determined by vote of a majority of the Trustees, except those powers which by law, the Trust Instrument or these By-Laws are not permitted to be delegated by the Trustees. All members of such committees shall hold such offices at the pleasure of the Trustees. The Trustees may abolish any such committee at any time. Any committee to which the Trustees delegate any of their powers or duties shall keep records of its meetings and shall report its actions to the Trustees. The Trustees shall have power to rescind any action of any committee, but no such rescission shall have retroactive effect.
Section 3. Compensation . Each Trustee, each committee member, the Chair of the Trustees and the chair of any committee may receive such compensation for services and reimbursement for expenses as may be fixed from time to time by the Trustees. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the officers of the Trust shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Trustees, except that the Trustees may by resolution delegate to any person or groups of persons the power to fix the salaries or other compensation of any officers or agents; provided that the compensation of the Chief Compliance Officer must be approved by a majority of Trustees, including a vote of a majority of Trustees who are not interested persons (each such Trustee, an Independent Trustee) under the 1940 Act, as required by the 1940 Act or rules thereunder.
Section 4. Chair or Co-Chairs . The Trustees may, but need not (unless required by applicable law or regulation), appoint from among their number a Chair or Co-Chairs, who shall not be an officer of the Trust. The responsibilities of the Chair or Co-Chairs shall be non-executive and non-operational in nature. When present, the Chair or Co-Chairs shall preside at the meetings of the Shareholders and of the Trustees, and shall have such other responsibilities as prescribed by applicable law or regulation. The Chair or Co-Chairs, as well as any two other Trustees, may call meetings of the Trustees as provided in the Trust Instrument and these By-Laws. The Trustees may, but need not, from time to time prescribe to the Chair or Co-Chairs such other responsibilities in furthering the Trustees functions.
Section 5. President . The President (who shall be the Chief Executive Officer if no other officer is so designated), subject to the direction of the Trustees, shall have responsibility for the general administration of the business and policies of the Trust. Subject to the control of the Trustees and to the control of any committees of the Trustees within their respective spheres of responsibility as provided by the Trustees, the President shall at all times exercise general
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supervision and direction over the affairs of the Trust. The President shall have power to appoint such subordinate officers, agents, clerks and employees as he or she may find necessary to transact the business of the Trust or any Series or Class. The President shall also have the power to grant, issue, execute or sign such powers of attorney, proxies or other documents as may be deemed advisable or necessary in furtherance of the interests of the Trust or any Series or Class. The President shall have such other powers and duties, as from time to time may be conferred upon or assigned to the President by the Trustees.
Section 6. Treasurer . The Treasurer shall be the principal financial and accounting officer of the Trust. The Treasurer shall deliver all property, funds and securities of the Trust which may come into his or her hands to such company as the Trustees shall employ as Custodian in accordance with the Trust Instrument, these By-Laws and applicable provisions of law. The Treasurer shall furnish such reports regarding the business and condition of the Trust as may be required from time to time by the Trustees or applicable law. The Treasurer shall in general perform all duties incident to the office of Treasurer and such additional duties as the Trustees or the President from time to time may designate.
Section 7. Secretary . The Secretary shall record in books kept for the purpose all votes and proceedings of the Trustees and the Shareholders at their respective meetings. The Secretary shall also include in such books the records of committee meetings kept pursuant to Article III, Section 2. He or she shall have custody of the seal of the Trust. The Secretary shall in general perform all duties incident to the office of Secretary and such additional duties as the Trustees or the President from time to time may designate.
Section 8. Vice President . Any Vice President of the Trust shall perform such duties as the Trustees or the President from time to time may designate. At the request or in the absence or disability of the President, the Vice President (or, if there are two or more Vice Presidents, then the senior of the Vice Presidents present and able to act) may perform all the duties of the President and, when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the President.
Section 9. Assistant Treasurer . Any Assistant Treasurer of the Trust shall perform such duties as the Trustees, the President or the Treasurer from time to time may designate, and, in the absence of the Treasurer, the senior Assistant Treasurer, present and able to act, may perform all the duties of the Treasurer.
Section 10. Assistant Secretary . Any Assistant Secretary of the Trust shall perform such duties as the Trustees, the President or the Secretary from time to time may designate, and, in the absence of the Secretary, the senior Assistant Secretary, present and able to act, may perform all the duties of the Secretary.
Section 11. Subordinate Officers . The Trustees from time to time may appoint such other officers or agents as the Trustees may deem advisable, each of whom shall have such title, hold office for such period, have such authority, and perform such duties as the Trustees may determine. The Trustees from time to time may delegate to one or more officers or committees of Trustees the power to appoint and remove any such subordinate officers or agents and to prescribe their respective titles, terms of office, authorities, and duties.
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Section 12. Chief Compliance Officer . There shall be an officer of the Trust designated as the Chief Compliance Officer, who shall be appointed as required by the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder. The Chief Compliance Officer shall be responsible for administering the compliance program maintained by the Trust for complying with the federal securities laws and shall perform such additional duties as the Trustees from time to time may designate.
Section 13. Surety Bonds . The Trustees may require any officer or agent of the Trust to execute a bond (including, without limitation, any bond required by the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder) to the Trust in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Trustees may determine, conditioned upon the faithful performance of such officers or agents duties to the Trust including responsibility for negligence and for the accounting of any of the Trusts property, funds, or securities that may come into such officers or agents hands.
Section 14. Removal . Any officer of the Trust may be removed from office, either with or without cause, by vote of a majority of the Trustees, provided that the Chief Compliance Officer may only be removed as permitted by the 1940 Act or the rules thereunder. In addition, any officer or agent appointed in accordance with the provisions of Article III, Section 11 may be removed, either with or without cause, by the appointing officer or committee or any other officer or committee upon which such power of removal shall have been conferred by the Trustees.
ARTICLE IV
SHAREHOLDER MEETINGS
Section 1. Shareholder Meetings .
(a) General. The Chair or Co-Chairs, President or Trustees may call a meeting of the Shareholders. Subject to subsection (b) of this Section 1, a meeting of Shareholders shall also be called by the Secretary of the Trust upon the written request of Shareholders entitled to cast not less than one-third of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting. If the meeting is a meeting of the Shareholders of one or more Series or Classes of Shares, but not a meeting of all Shareholders of the Trust, then only the Shareholders of such Series or Classes shall be entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting. The record date for determining the Shareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such meeting shall be established as set forth in the Trust Instrument.
(b) Shareholder Requested Meetings.
(1) Any Shareholder of record seeking to have Shareholders request a meeting shall, by sending written notice to the Secretary (the Record Date Request Notice) by registered mail, return receipt requested, request the Trustees to fix a record date to determine the Shareholders entitled to request a meeting (the Request Record Date). The Record Date Request Notice shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it, shall be signed by one or more Shareholders of record as of the date of signature (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the Record Date Request Notice), shall bear the date of signature of each such Shareholder (or such agent) and shall set forth all information relating to each such Shareholder that must be disclosed in
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solicitations of proxies for election of Trustees in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Upon receiving the Record Date Request Notice, the Trustees may fix a Request Record Date. The Request Record Date shall not precede and shall not be more than ten days after the close of business on the date on which the resolution fixing the Request Record Date is adopted by the Trustees. If the Trustees, within ten days after the date on which a valid Record Date Request Notice is received, fail to adopt a resolution fixing the Request Record Date, the Request Record Date shall be the close of business on the tenth day after the first date on which the Record Date Request Notice is received by the Secretary.
(2) In order for any Shareholder to request a meeting, one or more written requests for a meeting signed by Shareholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in a writing accompanying the request) as of the Request Record Date entitled to cast not less than one-third (the Meeting Percentage) of all of the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting (the Meeting Request) shall be delivered to the Secretary. In addition, the Meeting Request (a) shall set forth the purpose of the meeting and the matters proposed to be acted on at it (which shall be limited to those lawful matters set forth in the Record Date Request Notice received by the Secretary), (b) shall bear the date of signature of each such Shareholder (or such agent) signing the Meeting Request, (c) shall set forth the name and address, as they appear in the Trusts books, of each Shareholder signing such request (or on whose behalf the Meeting Request is signed) and the Class, Series and number of all Shares which are owned by each such Shareholder, and the nominee holder for, and number of, Shares owned by such Shareholder beneficially but not of record, (d) shall be sent to the Secretary by registered mail, return receipt requested, and (e) shall be received by the Secretary within 60 days after the Request Record Date. Any requesting Shareholder (or agent duly authorized in a writing accompanying the revocation or the Meeting Request) may revoke his, her or its request for a meeting at any time by written revocation delivered to the Secretary.
(3) The Secretary shall inform the requesting Shareholders of the reasonably estimated cost of preparing and mailing the notice of meeting (including the Trusts proxy materials). The Secretary shall not be required to call a meeting upon Shareholder request and such meeting shall not be held unless, in addition to the documents required by paragraph (2) of this Article IV, Section 1(b), the Secretary receives payment of such reasonably estimated cost prior to the mailing of any notice of the meeting.
(4) Except as provided in the next sentence, any meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the Chair or Co-Chairs, the President or the Trustees, whoever has called the meeting. In the case of any meeting called by the Secretary upon the request of Shareholders (a Shareholder Requested Meeting), such meeting shall be held at such place, date and time as may be designated by the Trustees; provided, however, that the date of any Shareholder Requested Meeting shall be not more than 90 days after the record date for such meeting (the Meeting Record Date); and provided further that if the Trustees fail to designate, within ten days after the date that a valid Meeting Request is actually received by the Secretary (the Delivery Date), a date and time for a Shareholder Requested Meeting, then such meeting shall be held at 2:00 p.m. local time on the 90th day after the Meeting Record Date or, if such 90th day is not a Business Day (as defined below), on the
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first preceding Business Day; and provided further that in the event that the Trustees fail to designate a place for a Shareholder Requested Meeting within ten days after the Delivery Date, then such meeting shall be held at the principal executive office of the Trust. In fixing a date for any meeting, the Chair or Co-Chairs, the President or the Trustees may consider such factors as he, she or they deem relevant within the good faith exercise of business judgment, including, without limitation, the nature of the matters to be considered, the facts and circumstances surrounding any request for the meeting and any plan of the Trustees to call a meeting. In the case of any Shareholder Requested Meeting, if the Trustees fail to fix a Meeting Record Date that is a date within 30 days after the Delivery Date, then the close of business on the 30th day after the Delivery Date shall be the Meeting Record Date. The Trustees may revoke the notice for any Shareholder Requested Meeting in the event that the requesting Shareholders fail to comply with the provisions of paragraph (3) of this Article IV, Section 1(b).
(5) If written revocations of requests for the meeting have been delivered to the Secretary and the result is that Shareholders of record (or their agents duly authorized in writing), as of the Request Record Date, entitled to cast less than the Meeting Percentage have delivered, and not revoked, requests for a meeting to the Secretary, the Secretary shall: (i) if the notice of meeting has not already been mailed, refrain from mailing the notice of the meeting and send to all requesting Shareholders who have not revoked such requests written notice of any revocation of a request for the meeting, or (ii) if the notice of meeting has been mailed and if the Secretary first sends to all requesting Shareholders who have not revoked requests for a meeting written notice of any revocation of a request for the meeting and written notice of the Secretarys intention to revoke the notice of the meeting, revoke the notice of the meeting at any time before ten days before the commencement of the meeting. Any request for a meeting received after a revocation by the Secretary of a notice of a meeting shall be considered a request for a new meeting.
(6) The Trustees, the Chair or Co-Chairs or the President may appoint independent inspectors of elections to act as the agent of the Trust for the purpose of promptly performing a ministerial review of the validity of any purported Meeting Request received by the Secretary. For the purpose of permitting the inspectors to perform such review, no such purported request shall be deemed to have been delivered to the Secretary until the earlier of (i) five Business Days after receipt by the Secretary of such purported request and (ii) such date as the independent inspectors certify to the Trust that the valid requests received by the Secretary represent at least the Meeting Percentage. Nothing contained in this paragraph (6) shall in any way be construed to suggest or imply that the Trust or any Shareholder shall not be entitled to contest the validity of any request, whether during or after such five Business Day period, or to take any other action (including, without limitation, the commencement, prosecution or defense of any litigation with respect thereto, and the seeking of injunctive relief in such litigation).
(7) For purposes of these Bylaws, Business Day shall mean any day other than a Saturday, a Sunday or other day on which the New York Stock Exchange is closed.
Section 2. Voting-Proxies . Subject to the provisions of the Trust Instrument, Shareholders entitled to vote may vote either in person or by proxy, provided that either (i) an instrument
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authorizing such proxy to act is executed by the Shareholder in writing and dated not more than 11 months before the meeting, unless such instrument specifically provides for a longer period or (ii) the Trustees adopt by resolution an electronic, telephonic, computerized, or other alternative to execution of a written instrument authorizing the proxy to act, which authorization is received no more than 11 months before the meeting. Proxies shall be delivered to the Secretary of the Trust or other Persons responsible for recording the proceedings before being voted. A proxy with respect to Shares held in the name of two or more Persons shall be valid if executed by one of them unless at or prior to exercise of such proxy the Trust receives specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them. Unless otherwise specifically limited by their terms, proxies shall entitle the holder thereof to vote at any adjournment of a meeting. A proxy purporting to be exercised by or on behalf of a Shareholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of providing invalidity shall rest on the challenger. At all meetings of the Shareholders, unless the voting is conducted by inspectors, all questions relating to the qualifications of voters, the validity of proxies, and the acceptance or rejection of votes shall be decided by the Chair or Co-Chairs of the meeting. Except as otherwise provided herein or in the Trust Instrument, as these By-Laws or such Trust Instrument may be amended or supplemented from time to time, all matters relating to the giving, voting, or validity or proxies shall be governed by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware relating to proxies, and judicial interpretations thereunder, as if the Trust were a Delaware corporation and the Shareholders were shareholders of a Delaware corporation.
Section 3. Notice of Meeting . Not less than ten nor more than 90 days before each meeting of Shareholders, the Secretary shall give to each Shareholder entitled to vote at such meeting and to each Shareholder not entitled to vote who is entitled to notice of the meeting written or printed notice stating the time and place of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting or as otherwise may be required by any statute in the case of an annual meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, as provided in Article XIV, Section 1 hereof.
No business shall be transacted at a meeting of Shareholders except as specifically designated in the notice. In the absence of fraud, any irregularities in the notice of any meeting or the nonreceipt of any such notice by any of the Shareholders shall not invalidate any action otherwise properly taken at any such meeting.
Section 4. Action Without a Meeting . Any action to be taken by Shareholders may be taken without a meeting if all Shareholders entitled to vote on the matter consent to the action in writing and the written consents are filed with the records of meetings of Shareholders of the Trust. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote at a meeting of the Shareholders.
Section 5. Quorum . At any meeting of Shareholders, the presence in person or by proxy of the holders of one-third of all the votes entitled to be cast without regard to Series or Class at the meeting shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business at the meeting, except that where any provision of law or the charter require or permit that the holders of any Class or Series of Shares shall vote as a Class or Series, then one-third of the aggregate number of Shares of such Class or Series, as the case may be, at the time outstanding shall be necessary to constitute a quorum for the transaction of such business. This section shall not affect any requirement under any statute or the Trust Instrument for the vote necessary for the adoption of any measure. The holders of a majority of the Shares present in person or by proxy or the chair of the meeting shall
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have the power to adjourn the meeting one or more times for any reason (including the failure of a quorum to be present at the meeting with respect to any proposal or the failure of any proposal to receive sufficient votes for approval) without notice other than announcement at the meeting to a date not more than six months beyond the originally scheduled meeting date. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally notified, regardless of whether action had been taken on other matters. If a quorum is present with respect to any one or more proposals, the chair of the meeting may, but shall not be required to, cause a vote to be taken with respect to any such proposal or proposals which vote can be certified as final and effective notwithstanding the adjournment of the meeting with respect to any other proposal or proposals.
Prior to the date upon which any meeting of Shareholders is to be held, the Trustees may postpone such meeting one or more times for any reason to a date not more than six months beyond the originally scheduled meeting date by giving notice to each Shareholder entitled to vote at the meeting so postponed of the place, date and hour at which such meeting will be held. Such notice shall be given not fewer than two (2) days before the date of such meeting and otherwise in accordance with Article IV, Section 3.
The Shareholders present either in person or by proxy, at a meeting which has been duly called and convened, may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Shareholders to leave less than a quorum.
Section 6. Advance Notice of Shareholder Nominees for Trustee and Other Shareholder Proposals .
(a) Only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of Shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Trusts notice of meeting. Nominations of individuals for election as Trustee and other lawfully permissible proposals of business to be considered by Shareholders may be made at a meeting of Shareholders at which Trustees are to be elected (i) pursuant to the Trusts notice of meeting, (ii) by or at the direction of the Trustees or (iii) provided that the Trustees have determined that Trustees shall be elected or that other lawfully permissible proposals of business are to be considered at such meeting, by any Shareholder of the Trust who is a Shareholder of record both at the time of giving of notice provided for in this Section and at the time of the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complied with the notice procedures set forth in this Section. In the event the Trust calls a meeting of Shareholders for the purpose of electing one or more individuals as Trustees, any such Shareholder may nominate an individual or individuals (as the case may be) for election as a Trustee as specified in the Trusts notice of meeting, if the Shareholders notice required by this Section shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Trust not earlier than the 150th day prior to such meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on the later of the 120th day prior to such meeting or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Trustees to be elected at such meeting. The public announcement of a postponement or adjournment of a meeting shall not commence a new time period for the giving of a Shareholders notice as described above. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (iii) shall be the exclusive means for a Shareholder to present a nomination or a proposal before a meeting.
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(b) Such Shareholders notice shall set forth (i) as to each individual whom the Shareholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a Trustee, (A) the name, age, business address and residence address of such individual, (B) the Class, Series and number of any Shares of the Trust that are beneficially owned by such individual, (C) the date such Shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, (D) whether such Shareholder believes any such individual is, or is not, an interested person of the Trust, as defined in the 1940 Act and information regarding such individual that is sufficient, in the discretion of the Trustees or any authorized officer of the Trust, to make such determination and (E) all other information relating to such individual that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of Trustees in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder (including such individuals written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a Trustee if elected); (ii) as to any other business that the Shareholder proposes to bring before the meeting, a description of such business, the reasons for proposing such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business of such Shareholder and any Shareholder Associated Person (as defined below), individually or in the aggregate, including any anticipated benefit to the Shareholder and the Shareholder Associated Person therefrom; (iii) as to the Shareholder giving the notice and any Shareholder Associated Person, the Class, Series and number of all Shares which are owned by such Shareholder and by such Shareholder Associated Person, if any, and the nominee holder for, and number of, Shares owned beneficially but not of record by such Shareholder and by any such Shareholder Associated Person; (iv) as to the Shareholder giving the notice and any Shareholder Associated Person covered by clauses (ii) or (iii) of this paragraph of this Section, the name and address of such Shareholder, as they appear on the Trusts share ledger and current name and address, if different, and of such Shareholder Associated Person; (v) to the extent known by the Shareholder giving the notice, the name and address of any other Shareholder supporting the nominee for election or reelection as a Trustee or the proposal of other business on the date of such Shareholders notice; and (vi) any other information reasonably requested by the Trust.
(c) For purposes of this Section, Shareholder Associated Person of any Shareholder shall mean (i) any Person controlling, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such Shareholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of Shares owned of record or beneficially by such Shareholder and (iii) any Person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Shareholder Associated Person.
(d) Upon written request by the Secretary or the Trustees or any committee thereof, any Shareholder proposing a nominee for election as a Trustee or any proposal for other business at a meeting of Shareholders shall provide, within five Business Days of delivery of such request (or such other period as may be specified in such request), written verification, satisfactory, in the discretion of the Trustees or any authorized officer of the Trust, to demonstrate the accuracy of any information submitted by the Shareholder pursuant to this Section. If a Shareholder fails to provide such written verification within such period, the information as to which written verification was requested may be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with this Section.
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(e) Only such individuals who are nominated in accordance with this Section shall be eligible for election by Shareholders as Trustees, and only such business shall be conducted at a meeting of Shareholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with this Section. The chair of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with this Section.
(f) For purposes of this Section, (a) the date of mailing of the notice shall mean the date of the proxy statement for the solicitation of proxies for election of Trustees and (b) public announcement shall mean disclosure (i) in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press, Business Wire, PR Newswire or comparable news service or (ii) in a document publicly filed by the Trust with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to the Exchange Act or the 1940 Act.
(g) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section, a Shareholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of state law and of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section. Nothing in this Section shall be deemed to affect any right of a Shareholder to request inclusion of a proposal in, nor the right of the Trust to omit a proposal from, the Trusts proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act.
Section 7. Organization and Conduct . Every meeting of Shareholders shall be conducted by an individual appointed by the Trustees to be chair of the meeting or, in the absence of such appointment, by the Chair or Co-Chairs or, in the case of a vacancy in the office or absence of the Chair or Co-Chairs, by one of the following officers present at the meeting: the President, the Vice Presidents in their order of rank and seniority, the Secretary, the Treasurer, or, in the absence of such officers, a chair chosen by the Shareholders by the vote of a majority of the votes cast by Shareholders present in person or by proxy. The Secretary or, in the Secretarys absence, an Assistant Secretary, or in the absence of both the Secretary and Assistant Secretaries, an individual appointed by the Trustees or, in the absence of such appointment, an individual appointed by the chair of the meeting shall act as secretary of the meeting. In the event that the Secretary presides at a meeting of the Shareholders, an assistant Secretary, or in the absence of Assistant Secretaries, an individual appointed by the Trustees or the chair of the meeting, shall record the minutes of the meeting. The order of business and all other matters of procedure at any meeting of Shareholders shall be determined by the chair of the meeting. The chair of the meeting may prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and take such action as, in the discretion of such chair, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting, including, without limitation, (a) restricting admission to the time set for the commencement of the meeting; (b) limiting attendance at the meeting to Shareholders of record of the Trust, their duly authorized proxies and other such individuals as the chair of the meeting may determine; (c) limiting participation at the meeting on any matter to Shareholders of record of the Trust entitled to vote on such matter, their duly authorized proxies or other such individuals as the chair of the meeting may determine; (d) limiting the time allotted to questions or comments by participants; (e) determining when the polls should be opened and closed; (f) maintaining order
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and security at the meeting; (g) removing any Shareholder or any other individual who refuses to comply with meeting procedures, rules or guidelines as set forth by the chair of the meeting; and (h) concluding the meeting or recessing or adjourning the meeting to a later date and time and at a place announced at the meeting. Unless otherwise determined by the chair of the meeting, meetings of Shareholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.
Section 8. Fixing Date for Determination of Shareholders of Record . For the purposes of determining the Shareholders who are entitled to notice of any meeting and to vote at any meeting of Shareholders, or any adjournment thereof, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Trustees may from time to time fix a record date, not less than ten nor more than 120 calendar days prior to the original date of any meeting of the Shareholders (which may be adjourned or postponed in compliance with these By-Laws) or other action, as the case may be, as a record date for the determination of Persons to be treated as Shareholders of record for such purposes, and any Shareholder who was a Shareholder at the date and time so fixed shall be entitled to vote at such meeting or to be treated as a Shareholder of record for purposes of such other action, even though he has since that date and time disposed of his Shares, and no Shareholder becoming such after that date and time shall be so entitled to vote at such meeting or to be treated as a Shareholder of record for purposes of such other action. Nothing in this Section shall be construed as precluding the Trustees from setting different record dates for different Series or Classes.
Section 9. Abstentions and Broker Non-Votes . Outstanding Shares represented in person or by proxy (including Shares that abstain or do not vote with respect to one or more of any proposals presented for Shareholder approval) will be counted for purposes of determining whether a quorum is present at a meeting. Abstentions will be treated as Shares that are present and entitled to vote for purposes of determining the number of Shares that are present and entitled to vote with respect to any particular proposal, but will not be counted as a vote in favor of such proposal. If a broker or nominee holding Shares in street name indicates on the proxy that it does not have discretionary authority to vote as to a particular proposal, those Shares will not be considered as present and entitled to vote with respect to such proposal.
ARTICLE V
TRUSTEE MEETINGS
Section 1. Regular Meeting . Regular meetings of the Trustees may be held at such places and at such times as the Trustees from time to time may determine; each Trustee present at such determination shall be deemed a party calling the meeting and no call or notice will be required to such Trustee provided that any Trustee who is absent when such determination is made shall be given notice of such determination.
Section 2. Special Meeting . Special meetings of the Trustees may be called orally or in writing by the Chair or Co-Chairs of the Board of Trustees or any two other Trustees.
Section 3. Quorum . At all meetings of the Trustees one-third of the Trustees presently serving shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, provided that in no case may a quorum be less than three Persons, and an action of a majority of the quorum shall constitute
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action of the Trustees, except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Trust Instrument or these By-Laws. If at any meeting of the Trustees, a quorum is not present, a majority of the Trustees present may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum is obtained.
Section 4. Place of Meeting . All special meetings of the Trustees shall be held at the principal place of business of the Trust or such other place as the Trustees may designate. Any meeting may adjourn to any place.
Section 5. Special Action . When all the Trustees shall be present at any meeting, however called or wherever held, or shall assent to the holding of the meeting without notice, or shall sign a written assent thereto filed with the record of such meeting, the acts of such meeting shall be valid as if such meeting had been regularly held.
Section 6. Action By Written Consent . Any action by the Trustees may be taken without a meeting if a written consent thereto is signed by a majority of the Trustees (unless prohibited by applicable law) and filed with the records of the Trustees meetings. Such consent shall be treated, for all purposes, as a vote at a meeting of the Trustees held at the principal place of business of the Trust. Written consents of the Trustees may be executed in one or more counterparts. Execution of written consents and delivery thereof may be accomplished by facsimile transmission or electronically, including by electronic mail.
Section 7. Participation in Meetings By Conference Telephone . Trustees may participate in a meeting of Trustees by conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all Persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation shall constitute presence in person at such meeting (unless prohibited by applicable law). Any meeting conducted by telephone shall be deemed to take place at and from the principal office of the Trust.
ARTICLE VI
SHARES OF BENEFICIAL INTEREST
Section 1. Beneficial Interest . The beneficial interest in the Trust at all times shall be divided into such transferable Shares of one or more separate and distinct Series or Classes as the Trustees from time to time shall create and establish. The number of Shares is unlimited, and each Share of each Series or Class shall be without par value and shall represent an equal proportionate interest with each other Share in the Series, none having priority or preference over another, except to the extent that such priorities or preferences are established with respect to one or more Classes of Shares consistent with applicable law, including the 1940 Act and rules thereunder.
Section 2. Transfer of Shares . The Shares of the Trust shall be transferable, so as to affect the rights of the Trust, only by transfer recorded on the books of the Trust, in person or by attorney.
Section 3. Equitable Interest Not Recognized . The Trust shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any Share or Shares of beneficial interest as the holder in fact thereof, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim or interest in such Share or Shares on the part of any other Person except as otherwise may be expressly provided by law.
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Section 4. Share Certificate . In lieu of issuing certificates for Shares, the Trustees or the transfer or shareholder services agent either may issue receipts therefor or may keep accounts upon the books of the Trust for the record holders of such Shares, who in either case shall be deemed, for all purposes hereunder, to be holders of certificates for such Shares as if they had accepted such certificates and shall be held to have expressly assented and agreed to the terms of the Trust Instrument and these By-Laws.
ARTICLE VII
OWNERSHIP OF ASSETS OF THE TRUST
The Trustees, acting for and on behalf of the Trust, shall be deemed to hold legal and beneficial ownership of any income earned on securities held by the Trust issued by any business entity formed, organized or existing under the laws of any jurisdiction other than a state, commonwealth, possession, territory, or colony of the United States or the laws of the United States.
ARTICLE VIII
INSPECTION OF BOOKS
The Trustees from time to time shall determine whether and to what extent, and at what times and places, and under what conditions and regulations, the accounts and books of the Trust or any of them shall be open to the inspection of the Shareholders; and no Shareholder shall have any right of access to, or right to inspect, any account, book, record or document of the Trust except as conferred by the Trustees.
ARTICLE IX
INSURANCE OF TRUSTEES, OFFICERS AND EMPLOYEES
The Trust may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any Covered Person or employee of the Trust, including any Covered Person or employee of the Trust who is or was serving at the request of the Trust as a Trustee, officer, or employee of a corporation, partnership, association, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against and incurred by such Covered Person or employee in any such capacity or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Trust would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability.
The Trust may not acquire or obtain a contract for insurance that protects or purports to protect any Trustee or officer of the Trust against any liability to the Trust or its Shareholders to which such Trustee or officer otherwise would be subject by reason of willful misfeasance, bad faith, gross negligence, or reckless disregard of the duties involved in the conduct of his or her office.
ARTICLE X
SEAL
The Trustees may, but shall not be required to, adopt a seal which shall be in such form and shall have such inscription thereon as the Trustees may from time to time prescribe.
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Any officer or Trustee of the Trust, or agent of the Trust acting in such capacity, shall have authority to affix the seal of the Trust, if adopted by the Trustees, to any document, instrument, or other paper executed and delivered by or on behalf of the Trust; however, unless otherwise required by the Trustees, the seal shall not be necessary to be placed on, and the seals absence shall not impair the validity of, any document, instrument, or other paper executed by or on behalf of the Trust.
ARTICLE XI
FISCAL YEAR
The fiscal year of the Trust, or of any Series thereof, shall end on such date as the Trustees from time to time shall determine.
ARTICLE XII
AMENDMENTS
These By-Laws may be amended at any meeting of the Trustees of the Trust by a majority vote or by written consent in lieu thereof.
ARTICLE XIII
REPORTS TO SHAREHOLDERS
The Trustees shall submit to the Shareholders such written financial reports of the Trust as are required by the 1940 Act or other applicable law.
ARTICLE XIV
NOTICES
Section 1. Form .
(a) Shareholders. Notices to Shareholders shall be in writing and delivered either by mail, by presenting it to such Shareholder personally, by leaving it at the Shareholders residence or usual place of business, by overnight delivery service, by transmitting the notice by electronic mail or any other electronic means or by any other means permitted by Delaware law and other applicable law. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail addressed to the Shareholder at the Shareholders address as it appears on the records of the Trust, with postage thereon prepaid.
(b) Trustees. Notice of any special meeting of the Trustees shall be delivered personally or by telephone, electronic mail, facsimile transmission, United States mail or courier to each Trustee at his or her business or residence address. Notice by personal delivery, telephone, electronic mail or facsimile transmission shall be given at least 24 hours prior to the meeting. Notice by United States mail shall be given at least three days prior to the meeting. Notice by courier shall be given at least two days prior to the meeting. Telephone notice shall be deemed to be given when the Trustee or his or her agent is personally given such notice in a telephone call to which the Trustee or his or her agent is a party. Electronic mail notice shall be deemed to be given upon transmission of the message to the electronic mail address given to the Trust by the Trustee. Facsimile transmission notice shall be deemed to be given upon completion of the
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transmission of the message to the number given to the Trust by the Trustee and receipt of a completed answer-back indicating receipt. Notice by United States mail shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail properly addressed, with postage thereon prepaid. Notice by courier shall be deemed to be given when deposited with or delivered to a courier properly addressed. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any annual, regular or special meeting of the Trustees need be stated in the notice, unless specifically required by statute or these By-Laws.
Section 2. Waiver of Notice . Whenever any notice of the time, place or purpose of any meeting of Shareholders, Trustees or a committee is required to be given under the provisions of Delaware law or under the provisions of the Trust Instrument or these By-Laws, a waiver thereof in writing (which waiver may be given by facsimile transmission or electronically including by electronic mail), signed by the Person or Persons entitled to such notice and filed with the records of the meeting, whether before or after the holding thereof or actual attendance at the meeting of Shareholders in person or by proxy, or at the meeting of Trustees or committee in person or telephonically, shall be deemed equivalent to the giving of such notice to such Persons. The waiver of notice need not specify the purpose of, or the business to be transacted at, the meeting.
ARTICLE XV
HEADINGS
Headings are placed in these By-Laws for convenience of reference only and, in case of any conflict, the text of these By-Laws rather than the headings shall control.
END OF BY-LAWS
Approved by the Initial Trustee of the Trust on December 7, 2018.
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