Table of Contents
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 26, 2019
File Nos. 333-160595
811-22311


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Post-Effective Amendment No. 111
and
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 113

Schwab Strategic Trust
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)

211 Main Street
San Francisco, California 94105
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
(800) 648-5300
(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

Jonathan de St. Paer
211 Main Street
San Francisco, California 94105
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)

Copies of communications to:
Douglas P. Dick, Esq.
Dechert LLP
1900 K Street, N.W.
Washington, DC 20006
John M. Loder, Esq.
Ropes & Gray LLP
800 Boylston Street
Boston, MA 02199-3600
David J. Lekich, Esq.
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105

It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
☒ Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b)
□ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (b)
□ 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
□ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1)
□ 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2)
□ On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
If appropriate, check the following box:
□ This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.



Table of Contents
Prospectus   |  April 26, 2019
Schwab ®  ETFs
Schwab ® Fixed-Income ETFs
Schwab ® U.S. TIPS ETF SCHP
Schwab ® Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHO
Schwab ® Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHR
Schwab ® U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF SCHZ
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc.
New Notice Regarding Shareholder Report Delivery Options
Beginning on January 1, 2021, paper copies of a fund’s shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from your financial intermediary (such as a bank or broker-dealer). Instead, the reports will be made available on a fund’s website www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus , and you will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and the mailing will provide a website link to access the report. You will continue to receive other fund regulatory documents (such as prospectuses or supplements) in paper unless you have elected to receive all fund documents electronically as described below.
If you would like to continue to receive a fund’s future shareholder reports in paper free of charge after January 1, 2021, you can make that request by contacting your financial intermediary.
If you already receive shareholder reports and other fund documents electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. If you do not receive shareholder reports and other fund documents electronically but would like to do so, contact your financial intermediary.
As with all exchange-traded funds, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has not approved these securities or passed on whether the information in this prospectus is adequate and accurate. Anyone who indicates otherwise is committing a federal crime.

 

Schwab Fixed-Income ETFs
Fund Summaries  

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Schwab ® U.S. TIPS ETF
Ticker Symbol: SCHP

Investment Objective

The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L) SM .
Fund Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. This table does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
  None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
Management fees 0.05
Other expenses None
Total annual fund operating expenses 0.05
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those time periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The figures are based on total annual fund operating expenses after any expense reduction. The example does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Expenses on a $10,000 Investment
1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years
$5 $16 $28 $64
Portfolio Turnover
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 17% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies

To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in securities that are included in the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L) . The index includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) that have at least one year remaining to maturity, are rated investment grade and have $500 million or more of outstanding face value. The TIPS in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index is market capitalization weighted and the TIPS in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 39 TIPS in the index. TIPS are publicly issued, dollar denominated U.S. Government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury that have principal and interest payments linked to an official inflation measure (as measured by the Consumer Price Index, or CPI) and their payments are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States.
It is the fund’s policy that under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its net assets (including, for this purpose, any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities included in the index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. The fund will generally seek to replicate the performance of the index by giving the same weight to a given security as the index does. However, when the investment adviser believes it is in the best interest of the fund, such as to avoid purchasing odd-lots (i.e., purchasing less than the usual number of shares traded for a security), for tax considerations, or to address liquidity considerations with respect to a security, the investment adviser may cause the fund’s weighting of a security to be more or less than the index’s weighting of the security.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in securities not included in its index. The principal types of these investments include those that the investment adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as investments in (a) securities that are not represented in the index but the investment adviser anticipates will be added to the index; (b) high-quality liquid short-term investments, such as securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, including obligations that are not guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, and obligations that are issued by private issuers that are guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; and (c) other investment companies.
 
Index ownership – Bloomberg Index Services Limited and its affiliates (collectively, Bloomberg) and Bloomberg’s licensors, including Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays), own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. The Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays endorses or recommends the fund. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays guarantees the timeliness, accurateness or completeness of any data or information relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, and neither shall be liable in any way in respect of the use or accuracy of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
   Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF | Fund Summary 1

 

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The fund may also invest in cash and cash equivalents, including money market funds, enter into repurchase agreements, and may lend its securities to minimize the difference in performance that naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding index.
The investment adviser typically seeks to track the total return of the index by replicating the index. This means that the fund generally expects that it will hold the same securities as those included in the index. However, the investment adviser may use sampling techniques if the investment adviser believes such use will best help the fund to track its index or is otherwise in the best interest of the fund. Sampling techniques involve investing in a limited number of index securities that, when taken together, are expected to perform similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on a variety of factors, including interest rate and yield curve risk, maturity exposures, and other risk factors and characteristics. When the fund uses sampling techniques, the fund generally expects that its yield, maturity and weighted average duration will be similar to those of the index.
The investment adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between the fund’s performance and that of its index, before fees and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the fund’s ability to achieve a high correlation with its index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a sampling technique (or otherwise gives a different weighting to a security than the index does). The correlation between the performance of the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations, timing variances, and differences between the fund’s portfolio and the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to the index.
Principal Risks

The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money. The fund’s principal risks include:
Market Risk. Financial markets rise and fall in response to a variety of factors, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the value of an investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means that an investor could lose money over short or long periods.
Investment Style Risk. The fund is an index fund. Therefore, the fund follows the securities included in the index during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of the fund’s expenses, the fund’s performance may be below that of the index.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund’s investments in fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that interest rates rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s
share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
Inflation-Protected Security Risk. The value of inflation-protected securities, including TIPS, generally will fluctuate in response to changes in “real” interest rates, generally decreasing when real interest rates rise and increasing when real interest rates fall. Real interest rates represent nominal (or stated) interest rates reduced by the expected impact of inflation. In addition, interest payments on inflation-indexed securities will generally vary up or down along with the rate of inflation.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk. To the extent the fund uses sampling techniques, the fund will not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a result, the fund will be subject to the risk that the investment adviser’s investment management strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. If the fund uses a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as well as it would if the fund purchased all of the securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant.
Liquidity Risk. The fund may be unable to sell certain securities, such as illiquid securities, readily at a favorable time or price, or the fund may have to sell them at a loss.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market
2 Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF | Fund Summary

 

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prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s net asset value (NAV), there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. An investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The market price of fund shares may deviate, sometimes significantly, from NAV during periods of market volatility or market disruption.
For more information on the risks of investing in the fund, please see the “Fund Details” section in the prospectus.
Performance

The bar chart below shows how the fund’s investment results have varied from year to year, and the following table shows how the fund’s average annual total returns for various periods compared to that of an index. This information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. All figures assume distributions were reinvested. Keep in mind that future performance (both before and after taxes) may differ from past performance. For current performance information, please see www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus .
Annual Total Returns (%) as of 12/31

Best Quarter: 4.49% Q3 2011
Worst Quarter: (7.02%) Q2 2013
Average Annual Total Returns as of 12/31/18
  1 Year 5 Years Since
Inception
(8/5/10)
Before taxes (1.31%) 1.63% 2.36%
After taxes on distributions (2.35%) 0.99% 1.74%
After taxes on distributions and sale of shares (0.77%) 0.96% 1.57%
Comparative Index (reflects no deduction for expenses or taxes)      
Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L) (1.26%) 1.69% 2.45%
The after-tax figures reflect the highest individual federal income tax rates in effect during the period and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation. In addition, after-tax returns are not relevant if you hold your fund shares through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan, an individual retirement account (IRA) or other tax-advantaged account. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of shares may exceed
the fund’s other returns due to an assumed benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.
Investment Adviser

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
Portfolio Managers

Matthew Hastings, CFA, Vice President and Head of Taxable Bond Strategies, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2010.
Mark McKissick, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

The fund issues and redeems shares at its NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities included in the index and/or an amount of cash. As a practical matter, only Authorized Participants purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the fund are not redeemable securities.
Individual shares of the fund trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can only be bought and sold at market prices throughout the trading day through a broker-dealer. Because fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
Tax Information

Dividends and capital gains distributions received from the fund will generally be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the adviser and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
   Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF | Fund Summary 3

 

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Schwab ® Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF
Ticker Symbol: SCHO

Investment Objective

The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index.
Fund Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. This table does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
  None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
Management fees 0.06
Other expenses None
Total annual fund operating expenses 0.06
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those time periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The figures are based on total annual fund operating expenses after any expense reduction. The example does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Expenses on a $10,000 Investment
1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years
$6 $19 $34 $77
Portfolio Turnover
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 65% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies

To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in securities that are included in the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index . The index includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury securities that have a remaining maturity of greater than or equal to one year and less than three years, are rated investment grade, and have $300 million or more of outstanding face value. The securities in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index excludes state and local government series bonds and coupon issues that have been stripped from bonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 99 securities in the index.
It is the fund’s policy that under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its net assets (including, for this purpose, any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities included in the index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in securities not included in its index. The principal types of these investments include those that the investment adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as investments in (a) securities that are not represented in the index but the investment adviser anticipates will be added to the index; (b) high-quality liquid short-term investments, such as securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, including obligations that are not guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, and obligations that are issued by private issuers that are guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; and (c) other investment companies. The fund may also invest in cash and cash equivalents, including money market funds, enter into repurchase agreements, and may lend its securities to minimize the difference in performance that naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding index.
Because it may not be possible or practical to purchase all of the securities in the index, the investment adviser will seek to track the total return of the index by using sampling techniques. Sampling techniques involve investing in a limited number of index securities that, when taken together, are expected to perform similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on a variety of factors, including interest rate and yield curve risk, maturity
 
Index ownership – Bloomberg Index Services Limited and its affiliates (collectively, Bloomberg) and Bloomberg’s licensors, including Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays), own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. The Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays endorses or recommends the fund. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays guarantees the timeliness, accurateness or completeness of any data or information relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, and neither shall be liable in any way in respect of the use or accuracy of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
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exposures, and other risk factors and characteristics. The fund generally expects that its portfolio will hold less than the total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve the fund’s investment objective. The fund generally expects that its yield and maturity will be similar to those of the index. In addition, the fund generally expects that its weighted average duration will closely correspond to the weighted average duration of the index, which as of December 31, 2018, was 1.85 years.
The investment adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between the fund’s performance and that of its index, before fees and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the fund’s ability to achieve a high correlation with its index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a sampling technique (or otherwise gives a different weighting to a security than the index does). The correlation between the performance of the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations, timing variances, and differences between the fund’s portfolio and the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to the index.
Principal Risks

The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money. The fund’s principal risks include:
Market Risk. Financial markets rise and fall in response to a variety of factors, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the value of an investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means that an investor could lose money over short or long periods.
Investment Style Risk. The fund is an index fund. Therefore, the fund follows the securities included in the index during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of the fund’s expenses, the fund’s performance may be below that of the index.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund’s investments in fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that interest rates rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk. The fund may not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the investment adviser’s investment management strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. Because the fund uses a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as well as it would if the fund purchased all of the securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant.
Liquidity Risk. The fund may be unable to sell certain securities, such as illiquid securities, readily at a favorable time or price, or the fund may have to sell them at a loss.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s net asset value (NAV), there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. An investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The market price of fund shares may deviate, sometimes significantly, from NAV during periods of market volatility or market disruption.
For more information on the risks of investing in the fund, please see the “Fund Details” section in the prospectus.
Performance

The bar chart below shows how the fund’s investment results have varied from year to year, and the following table shows how the fund’s average annual total returns for various periods compared to that of an index. This information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. All figures assume distributions were reinvested. Keep in mind that future performance (both before and after taxes) may differ from past performance. For current
   Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF | Fund Summary 5

 

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performance information, please see www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus .
Annual Total Returns (%) as of 12/31

Best Quarter: 1.31% Q4 2018
Worst Quarter: (0.49%) Q4 2016
Average Annual Total Returns as of 12/31/18
  1 Year 5 Years Since
Inception
(8/5/10)
Before taxes 1.50% 0.72% 0.69%
After taxes on distributions 0.76% 0.31% 0.40%
After taxes on distributions and sale of shares 0.88% 0.37% 0.40%
Comparative Index (reflects no deduction for expenses or taxes)      
Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index 1.56% 0.81% 0.79%
The after-tax figures reflect the highest individual federal income tax rates in effect during the period and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation. In addition, after-tax returns are not relevant if you hold your fund shares through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan, an individual retirement account (IRA) or other tax-advantaged account. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of shares may exceed the fund’s other returns due to an assumed benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.
Investment Adviser

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
Portfolio Managers

Matthew Hastings, CFA, Vice President and Head of Taxable Bond Strategies, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2010.
Mark McKissick, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

The fund issues and redeems shares at its NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities included in the index and/or an amount of cash. As a practical
matter, only Authorized Participants purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the fund are not redeemable securities.
Individual shares of the fund trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can only be bought and sold at market prices throughout the trading day through a broker-dealer. Because fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
Tax Information

Dividends and capital gains distributions received from the fund will generally be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the adviser and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Schwab ® Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF
Ticker Symbol: SCHR

Investment Objective

The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index.
Fund Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. This table does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
  None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
Management fees 0.06
Other expenses None
Total annual fund operating expenses 0.06
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those time periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The figures are based on total annual fund operating expenses after any expense reduction. The example does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Expenses on a $10,000 Investment
1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years
$6 $19 $34 $77
Portfolio Turnover
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 41% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies

To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in securities that are included in the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index . The index includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury securities that have a remaining maturity of greater than or equal to three years and less than ten years, are rated investment grade, and have $300 million or more of outstanding face value. The securities in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index excludes state and local government series bonds and coupon issues that have been stripped from bonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 113 securities in the index.
It is the fund’s policy that under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its net assets (including, for this purpose, any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities included in the index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in securities not included in its index. The principal types of these investments include those that the investment adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as investments in (a) securities that are not represented in the index but the investment adviser anticipates will be added to the index; (b) high-quality liquid short-term investments, such as securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, including obligations that are not guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, and obligations that are issued by private issuers that are guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; and (c) other investment companies. The fund may also invest in cash and cash equivalents, including money market funds, enter into repurchase agreements, and may lend its securities to minimize the difference in performance that naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding index.
Because it may not be possible or practical to purchase all of the securities in the index, the investment adviser will seek to track the total return of the index by using sampling techniques. Sampling techniques involve investing in a limited number of index securities that, when taken together, are expected to perform similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on a variety of factors, including interest rate and yield curve risk, maturity
 
Index ownership – Bloomberg Index Services Limited and its affiliates (collectively, Bloomberg) and Bloomberg’s licensors, including Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays), own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. The Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays endorses or recommends the fund. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays guarantees the timeliness, accurateness or completeness of any data or information relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, and neither shall be liable in any way in respect of the use or accuracy of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
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exposures, and other risk factors and characteristics. The fund generally expects that its portfolio will hold less than the total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve the fund’s investment objective. The fund generally expects that its yield and maturity will be similar to those of the index. In addition, the fund generally expects that its weighted average duration will closely correspond to the weighted average duration of the index, which as of December 31, 2018, was 5.10 years.
The investment adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between the fund’s performance and that of its index, before fees and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of correlation with the index. A number of factors may affect the fund’s ability to achieve a high correlation with its index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a sampling technique (or otherwise gives a different weighting to a security than the index does). The correlation between the performance of the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations, timing variances, and differences between the fund’s portfolio and the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to the index.
Principal Risks

The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money. The fund’s principal risks include:
Market Risk. Financial markets rise and fall in response to a variety of factors, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the value of an investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means that an investor could lose money over short or long periods.
Investment Style Risk. The fund is an index fund. Therefore, the fund follows the securities included in the index during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of the fund’s expenses, the fund’s performance may be below that of the index.
Interest Rate Risk.  The fund’s investments in fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that interest rates rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk. The fund may not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the investment adviser’s investment management strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. Because the fund uses a sampling approach it may not track the return of the index as well as it would if the fund purchased all of the securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant.
Liquidity Risk. The fund may be unable to sell certain securities, such as illiquid securities, readily at a favorable time or price, or the fund may have to sell them at a loss.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s net asset value (NAV), there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. An investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The market price of fund shares may deviate, sometimes significantly, from NAV during periods of market volatility or market disruption.
For more information on the risks of investing in the fund, please see the “Fund Details” section in the prospectus.
Performance

The bar chart below shows how the fund’s investment results have varied from year to year, and the following table shows how the fund’s average annual total returns for various periods compared to that of an index. This information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. All figures assume distributions were reinvested. Keep in mind that future performance (both before and after taxes) may differ from past performance. For current
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performance information, please see www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus .
Annual Total Returns (%) as of 12/31

Best Quarter: 5.64% Q3 2011
Worst Quarter: (3.36%) Q4 2016
Average Annual Total Returns as of 12/31/18
  1 Year 5 Years Since
Inception
(8/5/10)
Before taxes 1.28% 1.97% 2.21%
After taxes on distributions 0.40% 1.25% 1.59%
After taxes on distributions and sale of shares 0.75% 1.19% 1.44%
Comparative Index (reflects no deduction for expenses or taxes)      
Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index 1.35% 2.05% 2.31%
The after-tax figures reflect the highest individual federal income tax rates in effect during the period and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation. In addition, after-tax returns are not relevant if you hold your fund shares through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan, an individual retirement account (IRA) or other tax-advantaged account. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of shares may exceed the fund’s other returns due to an assumed benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.
Investment Adviser

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
Portfolio Managers

Matthew Hastings, CFA, Vice President and Head of Taxable Bond Strategies, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2010.
Mark McKissick, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

The fund issues and redeems shares at its NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities included in the index and/or an amount of cash. As a practical
matter, only Authorized Participants purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the fund are not redeemable securities.
Individual shares of the fund trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can only be bought and sold at market prices throughout the trading day through a broker-dealer. Because fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
Tax Information

Dividends and capital gains distributions received from the fund will generally be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the adviser and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Schwab ® U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF
Ticker Symbol: SCHZ

Investment Objective

The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index.
Fund Fees and Expenses

This table describes the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy and hold shares of the fund. This table does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment)
  None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a % of the value of your investment)
Management fees 0.04
Other expenses None
Total annual fund operating expenses 0.04
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your shares at the end of those time periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% return each year and that the fund’s operating expenses remain the same. The figures are based on total annual fund operating expenses after any expense reduction. The example does not reflect any brokerage fees or commissions you may incur when buying or selling fund shares. Your actual costs may be higher or lower.
Expenses on a $10,000 Investment
1 Year 3 Years 5 Years 10 Years
$4 $13 $23 $51
Portfolio Turnover
The fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in the annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the fund’s performance. During the most recent fiscal year, the fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 71% of the average value of its portfolio.
Principal Investment Strategies

To pursue its goal, the fund generally invests in securities that are included in the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index . The index is a broad-based benchmark measuring the performance of the U.S. investment grade, taxable bond market, including U.S. Treasuries, government-related and corporate bonds, mortgage pass-through securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities that are publicly available for sale in the United States. To be eligible for inclusion in the index, securities must be fixed-rate, non-convertible, U.S. dollar denominated with at least $300 million or more of outstanding face value and have one or more years remaining to maturity. The index excludes certain types of securities, including tax-exempt state and local government series bonds, structured notes embedded with swaps or other special features, private placements, floating-rate securities, inflation-linked bonds and Eurobonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were approximately 10,248 securities in the index.
It is the fund’s policy that under normal circumstances it will invest at least 90% of its net assets (including, for this purpose, any borrowings for investment purposes) in securities included in the index, including TBA transactions, as defined below. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy.
Under normal circumstances, the fund may invest up to 10% of its net assets in securities not included in its index. The principal types of these investments include those that the investment adviser believes will help the fund track the index, such as investments in (a) securities that are not represented in the index but the investment adviser anticipates will be added to the index; (b) high-quality liquid short-term investments, such as securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, including obligations that are not guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury, and obligations that are issued by private issuers that are guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (c) other investment companies; and (d) derivatives, principally futures contracts. The fund may use futures contracts and other derivatives primarily to help manage interest rate exposure. The fund may also invest in cash and cash equivalents, including money market funds, and lend its securities to minimize the difference in performance that naturally exists between an index fund and its corresponding index.
 
Index ownership – Bloomberg Index Services Limited and its affiliates (collectively, Bloomberg) and Bloomberg’s licensors, including Barclays Bank PLC (Barclays), own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. The Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF is not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays endorses or recommends the fund. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays guarantees the timeliness, accurateness or completeness of any data or information relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, and neither shall be liable in any way in respect of the use or accuracy of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
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Because it is not possible or practical to purchase all of the securities in the index, the fund’s investment adviser will seek to track the total return of the index by using sampling techniques. Sampling techniques involve investing in a limited number of index securities that, when taken together, are expected to perform similarly to the index as a whole. These techniques are based on a variety of factors, including interest rate and yield curve risk, maturity exposures, industry, sector and issuer weights, credit quality, and other risk factors and characteristics. The fund expects that its portfolio will hold less than the total number of securities in the index, but reserves the right to hold as many securities as it believes necessary to achieve the fund’s investment objective. The fund generally expects that its weighted average duration will closely correspond to the weighted average duration of the index, which as of December 31, 2018, was 5.81 years.
As of December 31, 2018, approximately 28.21% of the bonds represented in the index were U.S. fixed-rate agency mortgage pass-through securities. U.S. fixed-rate agency mortgage pass-through securities are securities issued by entities such as the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) that are backed by pools of mortgages. Most transactions in fixed-rate mortgage pass-through securities occur through standardized contracts for future delivery in which the exact mortgage pools to be delivered are not specified until a few days prior to settlement, and are often referred to as “to-be-announced transactions” or “TBA transactions.” In a TBA transaction, the buyer and seller agree upon general trade parameters such as agency, settlement date, par amount and price. The actual pools delivered generally are determined two days prior to settlement date; however, it is not anticipated that the fund will receive the pools, but will instead participate in rolling TBA transactions. The fund anticipates that it may enter into such contracts on a regular basis. This may result in a significantly higher portfolio turnover for the fund than a typical index fund. The fund, pending settlement of such contracts, will invest its assets in high-quality liquid short-term instruments, including Treasury securities and shares of money market mutual funds. The fund will assume its pro rata share of the fees and expenses of any money market fund that it may invest in, in addition to the fund’s own fees and expenses.
The fund will concentrate its investments (i.e., hold 25% or more of its total assets) in a particular industry, group of industries or sector to approximately the same extent that its index is so concentrated. For purposes of this limitation, securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by members of any industry.
The investment adviser seeks to achieve, over time, a correlation between the fund’s performance and that of its index, before fees and expenses, of 95% or better. However, there can be no guarantee that the fund will achieve a high degree of correlation
with the index. A number of factors may affect the fund’s ability to achieve a high correlation with its index, including the degree to which the fund uses a sampling technique (or otherwise gives a different weighting to a security than the index does). The correlation between the performance of the fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations, timing variances, and differences between the fund’s portfolio and the index resulting from legal restrictions (such as diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to the index.
Principal Risks

The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money. The fund’s principal risks include:
Market Risk. Financial markets rise and fall in response to a variety of factors, sometimes rapidly and unpredictably. As with any investment whose performance is tied to these markets, the value of an investment in the fund will fluctuate, which means that an investor could lose money over short or long periods.
Investment Style Risk. The fund is an index fund. Therefore, the fund follows the securities included in the index during upturns as well as downturns. Because of its indexing strategy, the fund does not take steps to reduce market exposure or to lessen the effects of a declining market. In addition, because of the fund’s expenses, the fund’s performance may be below that of the index.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund’s investments in fixed-income securities are subject to the risk that interest rates rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations.
Sampling Index Tracking Risk. The fund may not fully replicate the index and may hold securities not included in the index. As a result, the fund is subject to the risk that the investment adviser’s investment management strategy, the implementation of which is subject to a number of constraints, may not produce the intended results. Because the fund uses a sampling approach it may not
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track the return of the index as well as it would if the fund purchased all of the securities in the index.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. The fund may engage in frequent trading of its portfolio securities in connection with its tracking of the index, primarily due to the fund rolling over its positions in TBAs as it tracks the portion of the index represented by mortgage-backed securities. A higher portfolio turnover rate may result in increased transaction costs, which may lower the fund’s performance.  A higher portfolio turnover rate can also result in an increase in taxable capital gains distributions to the fund’s shareholders.
Prepayment and Extension Risk. Certain of the fund’s investments are subject to the risk that the securities may be paid off earlier or later than expected. Either situation could cause the fund to hold securities paying lower-than-market rates of interest, which could hurt the fund’s yield or share price.
Non-U.S. Issuer Risk. The fund may invest in U.S.-registered, dollar-denominated bonds of non-U.S. corporations, governments, agencies and supra-national entities to the extent such bonds are included in the fund’s index. The fund’s investments in bonds of non-U.S. issuers may involve certain risks that are greater than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign economic, political, regulatory and other conditions; the imposition of economic sanctions or other government restrictions; differing accounting, auditing, financial reporting and legal standards and practices; differing securities market structures; and higher transaction costs. These risks may be heightened in connection with bonds issued by non-U.S. corporations and entities in emerging markets.
Derivatives Risk. The fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. The fund’s use of derivatives could reduce the fund’s performance, increase the fund’s volatility, and cause the fund to lose more than the initial amount invested. In addition, investments in derivatives may involve leverage, which means a small percentage of assets invested in derivatives can have a disproportionately large impact on the fund.
Mortgage-Backed and Mortgage Pass-Through Securities Risk. Certain of the mortgage-backed securities in which the fund may invest are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and there can be no assurance that the U.S. government would provide financial support where it was not obligated to do so. Mortgage-backed securities tend to increase in value less than other debt securities when interest rates decline, but are subject to similar or greater risk of decline in market value
during periods of rising interest rates. Transactions in mortgage pass-through securities often occur through TBA transactions, as described in the “Principal Investment Strategies” section above. Default by or bankruptcy of a counterparty to a TBA transaction could expose the fund to possible losses.
Liquidity Risk. The fund may be unable to sell certain securities, such as illiquid securities, readily at a favorable time or price, or the fund may have to sell them at a loss.
Securities Lending Risk. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent.
Concentration Risk. To the extent that the fund’s or the index’s portfolio is concentrated in the securities of issuers in a particular market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class, the fund may be adversely affected by the performance of those securities, may be subject to increased price volatility and may be more vulnerable to adverse economic, market, political or regulatory occurrences affecting that market, industry, group of industries, sector or asset class.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. Fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s net asset value (NAV), there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. An investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The market price of fund shares may deviate, sometimes significantly, from NAV during periods of market volatility or market disruption.
For more information on the risks of investing in the fund, please see the “Fund Details” section in the prospectus.
Performance

The bar chart below shows how the fund’s investment results have varied from year to year, and the following table shows how the fund’s average annual total returns for various periods compared to that of an index. This information provides some indication of the risks of investing in the fund. All figures assume distributions were reinvested. Keep in mind that future performance (both before and after taxes) may differ from past performance. For current performance information, please see www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus .
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Annual Total Returns (%) as of 12/31

Best Quarter: 3.02% Q1 2016
Worst Quarter: (3.03%) Q4 2016
Average Annual Total Returns as of 12/31/18
  1 Year 5 Years Since
Inception
(7/14/11)
Before taxes (0.09%) 2.46% 2.36%
After taxes on distributions (1.22%) 1.45% 1.44%
After taxes on distributions and sale of shares (0.06%) 1.43% 1.41%
Comparative Index (reflects no deduction for expenses or taxes)      
Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index 0.01% 2.52% 2.48%
The after-tax figures reflect the highest individual federal income tax rates in effect during the period and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. Your actual after-tax returns depend on your individual tax situation. In addition, after-tax returns are not relevant if you hold your fund shares through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan, an individual retirement account (IRA) or other tax-advantaged account. In some cases, the return after taxes on distributions and sale of shares may exceed the fund’s other returns due to an assumed benefit from any losses on a sale of shares at the end of the measurement period.
Investment Adviser

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
Portfolio Managers

Matthew Hastings, CFA, Vice President and Head of Taxable Bond Strategies, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2011.
Steven Hung, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2011.
Alfonso Portillo, Jr., Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2011.
Mark McKissick, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the fund. He has managed the fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares

The fund issues and redeems shares at its NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 100,000 shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities included in the index and/or an amount of cash. As a practical matter, only Authorized Participants purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the fund are not redeemable securities.
Individual shares of the fund trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can only be bought and sold at market prices throughout the trading day through a broker-dealer. Because fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV (discount).
Tax Information

Dividends and capital gains distributions received from the fund will generally be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged account.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries

If you purchase shares of the fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank), the adviser and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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About the Funds

The funds described in this prospectus are advised by Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the investment adviser). Each fund is an “exchange-traded fund” (ETF). ETFs are funds that trade like other publicly-traded securities. The funds in this prospectus are index funds and are designed to track the total return of an index. Because the composition of an index tends to be comparatively stable, most index funds historically have shown low portfolio turnover compared to actively managed funds.
This strategy distinguishes an index fund from an “actively managed” fund. Instead of choosing investments for the fund based on portfolio management’s judgment, an index is used to determine which securities the fund should own.
Unlike shares of a mutual fund, shares of the funds are listed on a national securities exchange and trade at market prices that change throughout the day. The market price for each of the fund’s shares may be different from its net asset value per share (NAV). The funds have their own CUSIP numbers and trade on the NYSE Arca, Inc. under the following tickers:
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF SCHP
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHO
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHR
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF SCHZ
The funds issue and redeem shares at their NAV only in large blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more (Creation Units). These transactions are usually in exchange for a basket of securities and/or an amount of cash. As a practical matter, only institutional investors who have entered into an authorized participant agreement (Authorized Participants) purchase or redeem Creation Units. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the funds are not redeemable securities.
A Note to Retail Investors
Shares can be purchased directly from the funds only in exchange for a basket of securities and/or an amount of cash that is expected to be worth a minimum of a million dollars or more. Most individual investors, therefore, will not be able to purchase shares directly from the funds. Instead, these investors will purchase shares in the secondary market through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker. Thus, some of the information contained in this prospectus – such as information about purchasing and redeeming shares from the funds and references to transaction fees imposed on purchases and redemptions – is not relevant to most individual investors. Shares purchased or sold through a brokerage account or with the assistance of a broker may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges.
Except as explicitly described otherwise, the investment objective and the investment policies of each of the funds may be changed without shareholder approval.
The funds’ performance will fluctuate over time and, as with all investments, future performance may differ from past performance.
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Fund Details

There can be no assurance that the funds will achieve their objectives. Except as explicitly described otherwise, the investment objectives, strategies and policies of each fund may be changed without shareholder approval.
The principal investment strategies and the main risks associated with investing in each fund are summarized in the fund summaries at the front of this prospectus. This section takes a more detailed look at some of the types of securities, the associated risks, and the various investment strategies that may be used in the day-to-day portfolio management of the funds, as described below. In addition to the particular types of securities and strategies that are described in this prospectus, each fund may use strategies that are not described herein in support of its overall investment goal. These additional strategies and the risks associated with them are described in the “Investment Objectives, Strategies, Risks and Limitations” section in the Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
Investment Objectives and More About Principal Risks

Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF
Investment Objective
The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L). The fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the fund’s Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.
More Information About Principal Investment Risks
The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that interest rates will rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low or there are negative interest rates, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low or the fund may be unable to maintain positive returns. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The risk is greater when the fund holds fixed-income securities with longer maturities. The fund may also lose money if interest rates rise sharply. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. For example, a fund with a longer portfolio duration is more likely to experience a decrease in its share price as interest rates rise. Duration is an estimate of a security’s (or portfolio of securities) sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates that is based on certain factors that may prove to be incorrect. It is therefore not an exact measurement and may not be able to reliably predict a particular security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.
Certain countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on certain fixed-income securities. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Rising interest rates may decrease liquidity in the fixed-income securities markets, making it more difficult for the fund to sell its fixed-income securities holdings at a time when the investment adviser might wish to sell such securities. In addition, decreased market liquidity also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the fund’s fixed-income securities holdings. In general, changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. To the extent that the investment adviser of the fund anticipates interest rate trends imprecisely, the fund could miss yield opportunities or its share price could fall. Inflation-protected securities may react differently to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities and tend to react to changes in “real” interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations. Negative perceptions of an issuer’s ability to make such payments could also cause the price of that investment to decline. The credit quality of the fund’s portfolio holdings can change rapidly in certain market environments and any default on the part of a single portfolio investment could cause the fund’s share price or yield to fall. Although the fund invests primarily in U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, which are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the fund
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may also invest in securities that are not guaranteed or insured by the U.S. government. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law.
Inflation-Protected Security Risk. The value of inflation-protected securities, including TIPS, generally will fluctuate in response to changes in “real” interest rates. Real interest rates represent nominal (or stated) interest rates reduced by the expected impact of inflation. The value of an inflation-protected security generally decreases when real interest rates rise and generally increase when real interest rates fall. In addition, the principal value of an inflation-protected security is periodically adjusted up or down along with the rate of inflation. If the measure of inflation falls, the principal value of the inflation-protected security will be adjusted downwards, and consequently, the interest payable on the security will be reduced. In certain interest rate environments, such as when real interest rates are rising faster than nominal interest rates, inflation-protected securities may experience greater losses than other fixed-income securities with similar durations. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed by the United States Treasury in the case of TIPS. For securities that do not provide a similar guarantee, the adjusted principal value of the security to be repaid at maturity is subject to credit risk.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant. For example, the fund may not invest in certain securities in the index, match the securities’ weighting to the index, or the fund may invest in securities not in the index, due to regulatory, operational, custodial, or liquidity constraints; corporate transactions; asset valuations; transaction costs and timing; tax considerations; and index rebalancing, which may result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the effects of not being invested in certain index securities by making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be successful. In addition, cash flows into and out of the fund, operating expenses, and trading costs all affect the ability of the fund to match the performance of the index because the index does not have to manage cash flows and does not incur any costs.
Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments may be difficult to purchase, sell or value, especially during stressed market conditions. The market for certain investments may become illiquid due to specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer or under adverse market or economic conditions independent of the issuer. In addition, limited dealer inventories of certain securities could potentially lead to decreased liquidity. In such cases, the fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in readily purchasing and selling such securities at favorable times or prices, may decline in value, experience lower returns and/or be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain issuer or sector. Further, transactions in illiquid securities may entail transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in liquid securities.
Securities Lending Risk. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.
Operational Risk. The fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. The fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures believed to be reasonably designed to address these risks. However, these controls and procedures cannot address every possible risk and may not fully mitigate the risks that they are intended to address.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares of the fund on a national securities exchange may be halted if exchange officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted, or if the activation of marketwide “circuit breakers” halts stock trading generally. If the fund’s shares are delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, an investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The investment adviser cannot predict whether shares will trade above (premium), below (discount) or at NAV. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as “Authorized Participants” or market makers. Only Authorized Participants who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as discussed in the “Creation and
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Redemption” section below). If those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders (including in situations where Authorized Participants have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral), and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares (and may even face delisting). Similar effects may result if market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in the fund’s shares. More generally, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the fund’s shares, and Authorized Participants are not obligated to submit purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units. Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of trading volume on the fund’s primary listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares. The bid/ask spread on ETF shares varies over time based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. As a result, the bid/ask spread on ETF shares is generally larger when the shares have little trading volume or market liquidity and generally lower when the shares have high trading volume or market liquidity. In addition, in times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that investors most want to sell shares. The investment adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the fund and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF
Investment Objective
The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index. The fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the fund’s Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.
More Information About Principal Investment Risks
The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that interest rates will rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low or there are negative interest rates, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low or the fund may be unable to maintain positive returns. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The risk is greater when the fund holds fixed-income securities with longer maturities. The fund may also lose money if interest rates rise sharply. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. For example, a fund with a longer portfolio duration is more likely to experience a decrease in its share price as interest rates rise. Duration is an estimate of a security’s (or portfolio of securities) sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates that is based on certain factors that may prove to be incorrect. It is therefore not an exact measurement and may not be able to reliably predict a particular security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.
Certain countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on certain fixed-income securities. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Rising interest rates may decrease liquidity in the fixed-income securities markets, making it more difficult for the fund to sell its fixed-income securities holdings at a time when the investment adviser might wish to sell such securities. In addition, decreased market liquidity also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the fund’s fixed-income securities holdings. In general, changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. To the extent that the investment adviser of the fund anticipates interest rate trends imprecisely, the fund could miss yield opportunities or its share price could fall. Inflation-protected securities may react differently to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities and tend to react to changes in “real” interest rates.
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Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations. Negative perceptions of an issuer’s ability to make such payments could also cause the price of that investment to decline. The credit quality of the fund’s portfolio holdings can change rapidly in certain market environments and any default on the part of a single portfolio investment could cause the fund’s share price or yield to fall. Although the fund invests primarily in U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, which are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the fund may also invest in securities that are not guaranteed or insured by the U.S. government. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant. For example, the fund may not invest in certain securities in the index, match the securities’ weighting to the index, or the fund may invest in securities not in the index, due to regulatory, operational, custodial, or liquidity constraints; corporate transactions; asset valuations; transaction costs and timing; tax considerations; and index rebalancing, which may result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the effects of not being invested in certain index securities by making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be successful. In addition, cash flows into and out of the fund, operating expenses, and trading costs all affect the ability of the fund to match the performance of the index because the index does not have to manage cash flows and does not incur any costs.
Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments may be difficult to purchase, sell or value, especially during stressed market conditions. The market for certain investments may become illiquid due to specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer or under adverse market or economic conditions independent of the issuer. In addition, limited dealer inventories of certain securities could potentially lead to decreased liquidity. In such cases, the fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in readily purchasing and selling such securities at favorable times or prices, may decline in value, experience lower returns and/or be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain issuer or sector. Further, transactions in illiquid securities may entail transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in liquid securities.
Securities Lending Risk. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.
Operational Risk. The fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. The fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures believed to be reasonably designed to address these risks. However, these controls and procedures cannot address every possible risk and may not fully mitigate the risks that they are intended to address.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares of the fund on a national securities exchange may be halted if exchange officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted, or if the activation of marketwide “circuit breakers” halts stock trading generally. If the fund’s shares are delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, an investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The investment adviser cannot predict whether shares will trade above (premium), below (discount) or at NAV. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as “Authorized Participants” or market makers. Only Authorized Participants who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as discussed in the “Creation and Redemption” section below). If those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders (including in situations where Authorized Participants have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral), and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares (and may even face delisting). Similar effects may result if market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in the fund’s shares. More generally, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the fund’s shares,
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and Authorized Participants are not obligated to submit purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units. Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of trading volume on the fund’s primary listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares. The bid/ask spread on ETF shares varies over time based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. As a result, the bid/ask spread on ETF shares is generally larger when the shares have little trading volume or market liquidity and generally lower when the shares have high trading volume or market liquidity. In addition, in times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that investors most want to sell shares. The investment adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the fund and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF
Investment Objective
The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index. The fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the fund’s Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.
More Information About Principal Investment Risks
The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that interest rates will rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low or there are negative interest rates, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low or the fund may be unable to maintain positive returns. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The risk is greater when the fund holds fixed-income securities with longer maturities. The fund may also lose money if interest rates rise sharply. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. For example, a fund with a longer portfolio duration is more likely to experience a decrease in its share price as interest rates rise. Duration is an estimate of a security’s (or portfolio of securities) sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates that is based on certain factors that may prove to be incorrect. It is therefore not an exact measurement and may not be able to reliably predict a particular security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.
Certain countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on certain fixed-income securities. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Rising interest rates may decrease liquidity in the fixed-income securities markets, making it more difficult for the fund to sell its fixed-income securities holdings at a time when the investment adviser might wish to sell such securities. In addition, decreased market liquidity also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the fund’s fixed-income securities holdings. In general, changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. To the extent that the investment adviser of the fund anticipates interest rate trends imprecisely, the fund could miss yield opportunities or its share price could fall. Inflation-protected securities may react differently to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities and tend to react to changes in “real” interest rates.
Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations. Negative perceptions of an issuer’s ability to make such payments could also cause the price of that investment to decline. The credit quality of the fund’s portfolio holdings can change rapidly in certain market environments and any default on the part of a single portfolio investment could cause the fund’s share price or yield to fall. Although the fund invests primarily in U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, which are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the fund
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may also invest in securities that are not guaranteed or insured by the U.S. government. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant. For example, the fund may not invest in certain securities in the index, match the securities’ weighting to the index, or the fund may invest in securities not in the index, due to regulatory, operational, custodial, or liquidity constraints; corporate transactions; asset valuations; transaction costs and timing; tax considerations; and index rebalancing, which may result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the effects of not being invested in certain index securities by making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be successful. In addition, cash flows into and out of the fund, operating expenses, and trading costs all affect the ability of the fund to match the performance of the index because the index does not have to manage cash flows and does not incur any costs.
Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments may be difficult to purchase, sell or value, especially during stressed market conditions. The market for certain investments may become illiquid due to specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer or under adverse market or economic conditions independent of the issuer. In addition, limited dealer inventories of certain securities could potentially lead to decreased liquidity. In such cases, the fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in readily purchasing and selling such securities at favorable times or prices, may decline in value, experience lower returns and/or be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain issuer or sector. Further, transactions in illiquid securities may entail transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in liquid securities.
Securities Lending Risk. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.
Operational Risk. The fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. The fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures believed to be reasonably designed to address these risks. However, these controls and procedures cannot address every possible risk and may not fully mitigate the risks that they are intended to address.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares of the fund on a national securities exchange may be halted if exchange officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted, or if the activation of marketwide “circuit breakers” halts stock trading generally. If the fund’s shares are delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, an investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The investment adviser cannot predict whether shares will trade above (premium), below (discount) or at NAV. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as “Authorized Participants” or market makers. Only Authorized Participants who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as discussed in the “Creation and Redemption” section below). If those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders (including in situations where Authorized Participants have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral), and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares (and may even face delisting). Similar effects may result if market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in the fund’s shares. More generally, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the fund’s shares, and Authorized Participants are not obligated to submit purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units. Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of trading volume on the fund’s primary listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
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The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares. The bid/ask spread on ETF shares varies over time based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. As a result, the bid/ask spread on ETF shares is generally larger when the shares have little trading volume or market liquidity and generally lower when the shares have high trading volume or market liquidity. In addition, in times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that investors most want to sell shares. The investment adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the fund and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF
Investment Objective
The fund’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index. The fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the fund’s Board of Trustees without shareholder approval.
More About the Index
The fund’s index is comprised of U.S. investment grade, taxable fixed-income securities, including U.S. Treasuries, government-related and corporate bonds, mortgage pass-through securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities that are publicly available for sale in the United States. To be eligible for inclusion in the index, securities must be fixed-rate, non-convertible, U.S. dollar denominated with at least $300 million or more of outstanding face value and have one or more years remaining to maturity. Asset backed securities must have a minimum deal size of $500 million and a minimum tranche size of $25 million. For commercial mortgage-backed securities, the original aggregate transaction must have a minimum deal size of $500 million and a minimum tranche size of $25 million; the aggregate outstanding transaction sizes must be at least $300 million to remain in the index. The index excludes certain types of securities, including tax-exempt state and local government series bonds, structured notes embedded with swaps or other special features, private placements, floating-rate securities, inflation-linked bonds, and Eurobonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month.
More Information About Principal Investment Risks
The fund is subject to risks, any of which could cause an investor to lose money.
Interest Rate Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that interest rates will rise and fall over time. As with any investment whose yield reflects current interest rates, the fund’s yield will change over time. During periods when interest rates are low or there are negative interest rates, the fund’s yield (and total return) also may be low or the fund may be unable to maintain positive returns. Changes in interest rates also may affect the fund’s share price: a rise in interest rates could cause the fund’s share price to fall. The risk is greater when the fund holds fixed-income securities with longer maturities. The fund may also lose money if interest rates rise sharply. The longer the fund’s portfolio duration, the more sensitive to interest rate movements its share price is likely to be. For example, a fund with a longer portfolio duration is more likely to experience a decrease in its share price as interest rates rise. Duration is an estimate of a security’s (or portfolio of securities) sensitivity to changes in prevailing interest rates that is based on certain factors that may prove to be incorrect. It is therefore not an exact measurement and may not be able to reliably predict a particular security’s price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.
Certain countries have recently experienced negative interest rates on certain fixed-income securities. A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions, among other things, may result in an increase in interest rates. The fund is currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Rising interest rates may decrease liquidity in the fixed-income securities markets, making it more difficult for the fund to sell its fixed-income securities holdings at a time when the investment adviser might wish to sell such securities. In addition, decreased market liquidity also may make it more difficult to value some or all of the fund’s fixed-income securities holdings. In general, changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, could have unpredictable effects on markets and may expose fixed-income and related markets to heightened volatility. To the extent that the investment adviser of the fund anticipates interest rate trends imprecisely, the fund could miss yield opportunities or its share price could fall. Inflation-protected securities may react differently to interest rate changes than other types of debt securities and tend to react to changes in “real” interest rates.
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Credit Risk. The fund is subject to the risk that a decline in the credit quality of a portfolio investment could cause the fund to lose money or underperform. The fund could lose money if the issuer or guarantor of a portfolio investment fails to make timely principal or interest payments or otherwise honor its obligations. Negative perceptions of an issuer’s ability to make such payments could also cause the price of that investment to decline. The credit quality of the fund’s portfolio holdings can change rapidly in certain market environments and any default on the part of a single portfolio investment could cause the fund’s share price or yield to fall. The fund will invest a portion of its assets in U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury, which are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, and may also invest in securities that are not guaranteed or insured by the U.S. government. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law.
Tracking Error Risk. As an index fund, the fund seeks to track the performance of the index, although it may not be successful in doing so. The divergence between the performance of the fund and the index, positive or negative, is called “tracking error.” Tracking error can be caused by many factors and it may be significant. For example, the fund may not invest in certain securities in the index, match the securities’ weighting to the index, or the fund may invest in securities not in the index, due to regulatory, operational, custodial, or liquidity constraints; corporate transactions; asset valuations; transaction costs and timing; tax considerations; and index rebalancing, which may result in tracking error. The fund may attempt to offset the effects of not being invested in certain index securities by making substitute investments, but these efforts may not be successful. In addition, cash flows into and out of the fund, operating expenses, and trading costs all affect the ability of the fund to match the performance of the index because the index does not have to manage cash flows and does not incur any costs.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. The fund may engage in frequent trading of its portfolio securities in connection with its tracking of the index, primarily due to the fund rolling over its positions in TBAs as it tracks the portion of the index represented by mortgage-backed securities. A portfolio turnover rate of 200%, for example, is equivalent to the fund buying and selling all of its securities two times during the course of the year. A high portfolio turnover rate (such as 100% or more) could result in high brokerage costs, though the brokerage costs incurred in connection with rolling over TBA positions are expected to be minimal. A high portfolio turnover rate also can result in an increase in taxable capital gains distributions to the fund’s shareholders.
Prepayment and Extension Risk. The fund’s investments are subject to the risk that the securities may be paid off earlier or later than expected. Either situation could cause the fund to hold securities paying lower-than-market rates of interest, which could hurt the fund’s yield or share price. In addition, rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of certain fixed-income securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, the fund may exhibit additional volatility. This is known as extension risk. When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their fixed-income securities sooner than expected. This can reduce the returns of the fund because the fund will have to reinvest that money at the lower prevailing interest rates. This is known as prepayment risk.
Non-U.S. Issuer Risk. The fund may invest in U.S.-registered, dollar-denominated bonds of non-U.S. corporations, governments, agencies and supra-national entities. Investments in bonds of non-U.S. issuers involve certain risks that are more significant than those associated with investments in securities of U.S. issuers. These include risks of adverse changes in foreign economic, political, regulatory and other conditions; the imposition of economic sanctions or other government restrictions; differing accounting, auditing, financial reporting and legal standards and practices; differing securities market structures; and higher transaction costs. In certain countries, non-U.S. issuers may be subject to less governmental regulation than U.S. issuers and legal remedies available to investors may be more limited than those available with respect to investments in the United States. The securities of some foreign companies may be less liquid and at times more volatile than securities of comparable U.S. companies. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position, and the prices of foreign bonds and the U.S. bonds have, at times, moved in opposite directions. Changes to the financial condition or credit rating of a non-U.S. issuer may also adversely affect the value of the non-U.S. issuer’s securities held by the fund. These risks may be heightened in connection with bonds issued by non-U.S. corporations and entities in emerging markets.
Derivatives Risk. The fund may invest in derivative instruments. The principal types of derivatives used by the fund are futures contracts. A futures contract is an agreement to buy or sell a financial instrument at a specific price on a specific day. The fund’s use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. Certain of these risks, such as market risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and leverage risk, are discussed elsewhere in this prospectus. The fund’s use of derivatives is also subject to lack of availability risk, valuation risk, correlation risk and tax risk. Lack of availability risk is the risk that suitable derivative transactions may not be available in all circumstances for risk management or other purposes. Valuation risk is the risk that a particular derivative may be valued incorrectly. Correlation risk is the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. Tax risk is the risk that the use of derivatives may cause the fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains. The fund’s use of derivatives could reduce the fund’s performance, increase the fund’s volatility, and cause the fund to lose more than the initial amount invested. Furthermore, the use of
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derivatives subject to regulation by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) could cause the fund to become a commodity pool, which would require the fund to comply with certain CFTC rules.
Mortgage-Backed and Mortgage Pass-Through Securities Risk. Certain of the mortgage-backed securities in which the fund may invest are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government and there can be no assurance that the U.S. government would provide financial support to its agencies or instrumentalities where it was not obligated to do so. Mortgage-backed securities tend to increase in value less than other debt securities when interest rates decline, but are subject to similar or greater risk of decline in market value during periods of rising interest rates. Because of prepayment and extension risk, mortgage-backed securities react differently to changes in interest rates than other bonds. Small movements in interest rates – both increases and decreases – may quickly and significantly affect the value of certain mortgage-backed securities. Transactions in mortgage pass-through securities often occur through TBA transactions, as described in the “Principal Investment Strategies” section above. Default by or bankruptcy of a counterparty to a TBA transaction could expose the fund to possible losses because of an adverse market action, expenses, or delays in connection with the purchase or sale of the pools of mortgage pass-through securities specified in the TBA transaction.
Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk exists when particular investments may be difficult to purchase, sell or value, especially during stressed market conditions. The market for certain investments may become illiquid due to specific adverse changes in the conditions of a particular issuer or under adverse market or economic conditions independent of the issuer. In addition, limited dealer inventories of certain securities could potentially lead to decreased liquidity. In such cases, the fund, due to limitations on investments in illiquid securities and the difficulty in readily purchasing and selling such securities at favorable times or prices, may decline in value, experience lower returns and/or be unable to achieve its desired level of exposure to a certain issuer or sector. Further, transactions in illiquid securities may entail transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in liquid securities.
Leverage Risk. Certain fund transactions, such as TBA transactions or derivatives transactions, may give rise to a form of leverage and may expose the fund to greater risk. Leverage tends to magnify the effect of any decrease or increase in the value of the fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may cause the fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it would not be advantageous to do so in order to satisfy its obligations.
Securities Lending Risk. The fund may lend its portfolio securities to brokers, dealers, and other financial institutions provided a number of conditions are satisfied, including that the loan is fully collateralized. When the fund lends portfolio securities, its investment performance will continue to reflect changes in the value of the securities loaned, and the fund will also receive a fee or interest on the collateral. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. The fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. The fund may pay lending fees to a party arranging the loan.
Operational Risk. The fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including, but not limited to, human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or system failures. The fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures believed to be reasonably designed to address these risks. However, these controls and procedures cannot address every possible risk and may not fully mitigate the risks that they are intended to address.
Market Trading Risk. Although fund shares are listed on national securities exchanges, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for fund shares will develop or be maintained. If an active market is not maintained, investors may find it difficult to buy or sell fund shares. Trading of shares of the fund on a national securities exchange may be halted if exchange officials deem such action appropriate, if the fund is delisted, or if the activation of marketwide “circuit breakers” halts stock trading generally. If the fund’s shares are delisted, the fund may seek to list its shares on another market, merge with another ETF, or redeem its shares at NAV.
Shares of the Fund May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, fund shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of the shares of the fund will approximate the fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. Thus, an investor may pay more than NAV when buying shares of the fund in the secondary market, and an investor may receive less than NAV when selling those shares in the secondary market. The investment adviser cannot predict whether shares will trade above (premium), below (discount) or at NAV. The fund may have a limited number of financial institutions that may act as “Authorized Participants” or market makers. Only Authorized Participants who have entered into agreements with the fund’s distributor may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the fund (as discussed in the “Creation and Redemption” section below). If those Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to process creation and/or redemption orders (including in situations where Authorized Participants have limited or diminished access to capital required to post collateral), and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create and redeem in either of these cases, fund shares may trade at a discount to NAV like closed-end fund shares (and may even face delisting). Similar effects may result if market makers exit the business or are unable to continue making markets in the fund’s shares. More generally, market makers are not obligated to make a market in the fund’s shares,
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and Authorized Participants are not obligated to submit purchase or redemption orders for Creation Units. Further, while the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to the value of the fund’s holdings, disruptions to creations and redemptions, including disruptions at market makers, Authorized Participants or market participants, or during periods of significant market volatility, may result in market prices that differ significantly from the value of the fund’s holdings. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of trading volume on the fund’s primary listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material effect on the market price of the fund’s shares.
The market price of fund shares during the trading day, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid/ask” spread charged by the exchange specialist, market makers or other participants that trade the fund shares. The bid/ask spread on ETF shares varies over time based on the fund’s trading volume and market liquidity. As a result, the bid/ask spread on ETF shares is generally larger when the shares have little trading volume or market liquidity and generally lower when the shares have high trading volume or market liquidity. In addition, in times of severe market disruption, the bid/ask spread can increase significantly. At those times, fund shares are most likely to be traded at a discount to NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest when the price of shares is falling fastest, which may be the time that investors most want to sell shares. The investment adviser believes that, under normal market conditions, large market price discounts or premiums to NAV will not be sustained because of arbitrage opportunities. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares of the fund and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the fund.
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Maturity and Duration: A Brief Explanation

“Maturity” and “duration” are concepts generally associated with fixed-income investments, such as bonds, and, as an investor or potential investor in a fixed-income fund, it is important that you have a basic understanding of each concept and how each relates to your investment. The following discussion about maturity and duration will also help you understand how bond prices and, by extension, the share price of a fund that invests in bonds can be expected to change given a change in interest rates.
Maturity and Duration – The Basics
A BOND is a loan between an issuer and a bondholder that obligates the issuer to pay the bondholder a specified sum of money, usually at specific intervals, over a specified period of time. More specifically, in exchange for the loan amount, or PRINCIPAL , a bondholder receives INTEREST – or COUPON – payments from the issuer as compensation for the use – or borrowing – of the bondholder’s principal for a specific period of time. “ISSUERS” may include entities such as corporations, governments, government agencies and municipalities, while “BONDHOLDERS” may include, but are not limited to, mutual funds or ETFs, banks, insurance companies and individuals.
In addition to the coupon payments that an issuer is obligated to pay a bondholder, the issuer is also obligated to repay the principal amount at “maturity.” A bond’s MATURITY represents when the final principal payment of a bond is scheduled to be repaid. Simply, it is the period of time until a bondholder can expect to receive all of its money, or principal, back from the issuer. A bond’s MATURITY DATE is the specific date by which the entire principal amount is to be repaid.
DURATION is a measure that estimates the sensitivity of a bond’s price relative to interest rate changes. Duration is often expressed as a period of time (i.e., 6 months, 1 year, 2.5 years, etc.). Generally, a lower duration indicates a lower sensitivity to changes in interest rates, and a higher duration indicates a higher sensitivity to changes in interest rates. Unlike maturity, which only measures the time until final payment of principal, duration considers the timing and pattern of interest and principal payments. Because different factors are considered when calculating maturity and duration, a bond’s duration is often shorter than its maturity and can at times be significantly shorter than the maturity. Another characteristic of duration is that as interest rates decline, duration tends to increase.
When thinking about the concepts of maturity and duration, there are two common risks 1 generally associated with fixed-income investments that are important to consider. The first relates to maturity: there is risk that an issuer may be unable to repay the principal due. Usually, this risk increases with time. Bondholders typically have greater transparency with respect to an issuer’s ability to repay a loan over shorter time horizons, while assessing the future becomes more difficult as the periods get longer. As a result, bonds with longer maturities tend to carry higher repayment risk than bonds with shorter maturities. This is one reason why longer-maturity bonds typically pay higher interest rates than shorter-maturity bonds. Similarly, funds that invest in bonds with longer maturities are subject to higher repayment risk, but will typically pay higher dividends than funds that invest in bonds with shorter maturities.
The second risk relates to the impact of interest rates on a bond’s price. Interest rates generally fluctuate; meaning, they can increase or decrease prior to a bond’s maturity date. This means that during an investor’s holding period, a bond’s coupon may be less than or greater than current market interest rates. To the extent a bond’s coupon is different from current market interest rates, a bond’s price will fall or rise to align with current market interest rates. Bond prices exhibit an inverse relationship relative to interest rates: when interest rates decline, bond prices increase and vice versa. For example, assume you purchased a new issue bond when interest rates were 4%. Now assume that since you purchased that bond interest rates increased by 1% to 5%. Keeping in mind that bond prices and interest rates have an inverse relationship – when interest rates increase, a bond’s price declines – the price of the purchased 4% coupon bond in this example would decline because bonds can now be purchased with 5% coupons making the 4% coupon bond less valuable.
More on Duration
While having a basic understanding of both maturity and duration is important for any fixed-income investor, maturity tends to be more straightforward than the concept of duration, which requires a bit more discussion. In its simplest terms, duration attempts to quantify and estimate how much a bond’s price can be expected to change in response to changing interest rates. Typically, duration increases as a bond’s maturity increases and decreases as a bond’s maturity decreases; meaning, longer-maturity bonds have higher durations than shorter-maturity bonds. With this in mind, remember that as duration increases, a bond’s sensitivity to changes in interest rates increases. That means that when interest rates increase:
Relative to longer duration bonds, shorter duration bonds would fall less in price because an investor’s principal would be repaid at the lower interest rate sooner.
1 All investments are subject to risks, including risks not discussed in this section of the prospectus. Please refer to the risks disclosed elsewhere in this prospectus and the SAI to understand the risks of investing in the funds.
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Longer-duration bonds, on the other hand, would fall in price more than shorter-duration bonds, due to the longer horizon of holding bonds paying less interest than current interest rates.
So, when looking at the example above, where interest rates rose from 4% to 5%, the extent to which the 4% coupon bond would decline in price is dependent upon the bond’s duration – the longer the duration, the more it would decline in price. For example, a 4% coupon bond with a duration of 2 years would decline less in price than a 4% coupon bond with a duration of 4 years. This is true when assessing the extent to which any bond’s price may change when interest rates change.
Beyond providing a way to compare the relative interest rate sensitivity of bonds, duration attempts to estimate the expected change in a bond’s value should interest rates change by 1%. Again, recall the example above, where interest rates rose from 4% to 5%. Under this scenario, a bond with a 6 year duration would generally be expected to decline in price by approximately 6% (1% price move for each year of duration), while a bond with a 7 year duration would generally be expected to decline in price by approximately 7%. If the example above were reversed and interest rates instead declined by 1%, from 4% to 3%, the opposite would occur:
Relative to longer-duration bonds, shorter duration bonds would appreciate less in price; longer-duration bonds would appreciate more in price than shorter-duration bonds.
A bond with a 6 year duration would generally be expected to increase in value by approximately 6% (1% price move for each year of duration), while a bond, or bond fund, with a 7 year duration would generally be expected to increase in value by approximately 7%.
It is important to understand that a bond’s duration is not constant. As stated earlier, duration considers the timing and pattern of interest and principal payments. As time progresses, the period of time remaining until interest and principal payments are made changes, impacting the duration of a bond – as the time until those payments are made shortens, the duration also shortens. In addition, and as discussed previously, duration is also impacted by interest rate changes. As such, duration is a gauge of a bond’s sensitivity to interest rate changes, but it should not be relied on as an exact measure of the price change if interest rates change.
Maturity and Duration – At the Fund Level
A fund that invests in bonds is impacted in the same way as the individual bond described in the examples above – as interest rates increase the value of fund shares will decline, and as interest rates decline the value of fund shares will increase. To provide investors with information about a fund’s interest rate risk exposure, the fund typically provides the average maturity and duration of the portfolio, which take into consideration the maturity and duration of all the fund’s fixed-income investments. A fund with a shorter portfolio average maturity and duration is expected to be less impacted by changing interest rates than a fund with a longer portfolio average maturity and duration. Simply stated, a fund with a shorter portfolio average maturity and duration is generally less volatile as a result of interest rate changes than a fund with a longer portfolio average maturity and duration.
In the same way that a bond’s duration is not constant, a fund’s portfolio average maturity and duration are not constant. A fund’s portfolio average duration will change as a result of duration changes to the bonds the fund owns, as described above. Further, both the average maturity and duration may change as the fund’s portfolio manager buys and/or sells bonds owned by the fund. To remain aware of the interest rate sensitivity of funds you own, it is helpful to periodically review the fund’s reported average portfolio maturity and duration.
Maturity and Duration – Other Fixed-Income Securities
The above discussion provides a general overview of the concepts of maturity and duration. Application and calculation of these concepts may be slightly different or become more complex when applied to other types of fixed-income securities, which may require different assessments to determine and/or calculate maturity and duration. For example, to calculate the duration for securitized investments, such as mortgage-backed securities and certain asset-backed securities, an investor must look-through to the instruments underlying the securities and must account for the pace of repayment of the underlying instruments. To learn more about maturity and duration for the specific types of fixed-income investments that the funds may invest in, please refer to the SAI.
Portfolio Holdings

A description of the funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of a fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.
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Financial Highlights

This section provides further details about each fund’s financial history for the past five years. Certain information reflects financial results for a single fund share. “Total return” shows the percentage that an investor in a fund would have earned or lost during a given period, assuming all distributions were reinvested. Each fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), audited these figures. PwC’s full report is included in each fund’s annual report (see back cover).
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF

  1/1/18–
12/31/18
1/1/17–
12/31/17
1/1/16–
12/31/16
1/1/15–
12/31/15
1/1/14–
12/31/14
 
Per-Share Data
Net asset value at beginning of period $ 55.39 $ 54.84 $ 53.15 $ 54.11 $ 52.92  
Income (loss) from investment operations:            
Net investment income (loss) 1.51 1 1.17 1 0.99 1 0.17 1 0.64  
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) (2.23) 0.43 1.46 (0.98) 1.26  
Total from investment operations (0.72) 1.60 2.45 (0.81) 1.90  
Less distributions:            
Distributions from net investment income (1.40) (1.05) (0.76) (0.15) (0.71)  
Net asset value at end of period $ 53.27 $ 55.39 $ 54.84 $ 53.15 $ 54.11  
Total return (1.31%) 2.95% 4.60% (1.50%) 3.56%  
Ratios/Supplemental Data
Ratios to average net assets:            
Total expenses 0.05% 0.05% 2 0.07% 0.07% 0.07%  
Net investment income (loss) 2.80% 2.13% 1.78% 0.31% 1.10%  
Portfolio turnover rate 3 17% 19% 16% 19% 20%  
Net assets, end of period (x 1,000) $5,779,263 $2,880,386 $1,614,977 $815,816 $549,259  
1
Calculated based on the average shares outstanding during the period.
2
Effective March 1, 2017, the annual operating expense ratio was reduced. The ratio presented for the period ended 12/31/17 is a blended ratio.
3
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from processing of in-kind creations or redemptions.
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Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

  1/1/18–
12/31/18
1/1/17–
12/31/17
1/1/16–
12/31/16
1/1/15–
12/31/15
1/1/14–
12/31/14
 
Per-Share Data
Net asset value at beginning of period $ 50.03 $ 50.41 $ 50.43 $ 50.55 $ 50.51  
Income (loss) from investment operations:            
Net investment income (loss) 0.94 1 0.57 1 0.42 1 0.35 1 0.24  
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) (0.20) 2 (0.39) (0.03) (0.13) 0.04  
Total from investment operations 0.74 0.18 0.39 0.22 0.28  
Less distributions:            
Distributions from net investment income (0.89) (0.56) (0.41) (0.34) (0.24)  
Net asset value at end of period $ 49.88 $ 50.03 $ 50.41 $ 50.43 $ 50.55  
Total return 1.50% 0.35% 0.78% 0.44% 0.55%  
Ratios/Supplemental Data
Ratios to average net assets:            
Total expenses 0.06% 0.06% 0.08% 3 0.08% 0.08%  
Net investment income (loss) 1.89% 1.13% 0.83% 0.69% 0.49%  
Portfolio turnover rate 4 65% 65% 66% 89% 109%  
Net assets, end of period (x 1,000) $4,254,630 $2,181,398 $1,414,092 $1,071,573 $702,651  
1
Calculated based on the average shares outstanding during the period.
2
The per share amount does not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities during the period because of the timing of fund transactions in relation to fluctuating market values.
3
Effective December 29, 2016, the annual operating expense ratio was reduced. The ratio presented for the period ended 12/31/16 is a blended ratio.
4
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from processing of in-kind creations or redemptions.
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Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

  1/1/18–
12/31/18
1/1/17–
12/31/17
1/1/16–
12/31/16
1/1/15–
12/31/15
1/1/14–
12/31/14
 
Per-Share Data
Net asset value at beginning of period $ 53.35 $ 53.41 $ 53.55 $ 53.52 $ 52.08  
Income (loss) from investment operations:            
Net investment income (loss) 1.21 1 0.89 1 0.79 1 0.85 1 0.77  
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) (0.55) 2 (0.07) (0.15) 0.02 3 1.44  
Total from investment operations 0.66 0.82 0.64 0.87 2.21  
Less distributions:            
Distributions from net investment income (1.12) (0.88) (0.78) (0.84) (0.77)  
Net asset value at end of period $ 52.89 $ 53.35 $ 53.41 $ 53.55 $ 53.52  
Total return 1.28% 1.54% 1.16% 1.62% 4.27%  
Ratios/Supplemental Data
Ratios to average net assets:            
Total expenses 0.06% 0.06% 0.09% 4 0.10% 5 0.10%  
Net investment income (loss) 2.34% 1.66% 1.44% 1.59% 1.43%  
Portfolio turnover rate 6 41% 30% 30% 32% 49%  
Net assets, end of period (x 1,000) $3,480,449 $1,165,708 $790,506 $441,747 $254,226  
1
Calculated based on the average shares outstanding during the period.
2
The per share amount does not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities during the period because of the timing of fund transactions in relation to fluctuating market values.
3
The per share amount does not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities during the period because of the timing of sales and repurchases of fund shares in relation to fluctuating market values.
4
Effective December 29, 2016, the annual operating expense ratio was reduced. The ratio presented for the period ended 12/31/16 is a blended ratio.
5
Effective February 24, 2015, the annual operating expense ratio was reduced. The ratio presented for the period ended 12/31/15 is a blended ratio.
6
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from processing of in-kind creations or redemptions.
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Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF

  1/1/18–
12/31/18
1/1/17–
12/31/17
1/1/16–
12/31/16
1/1/15–
12/31/15
1/1/14–
12/31/14
 
Per-Share Data
Net asset value at beginning of period $ 52.07 $ 51.55 $ 51.41 $ 52.20 $ 50.28  
Income (loss) from investment operations:            
Net investment income (loss) 1.35 1 1.18 1 1.06 1 1.00 1 1.00  
Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) (1.42) 0.59 0.23 2 (0.71) 1.98  
Total from investment operations (0.07) 1.77 1.29 0.29 2.98  
Less distributions:            
Distributions from net investment income (1.41) (1.25) (1.15) (1.08) (1.06)  
Net asset value at end of period $ 50.59 $ 52.07 $ 51.55 $ 51.41 $ 52.20  
Total return (0.09%) 3.46% 2.49% 0.56% 5.97%  
Ratios/Supplemental Data
Ratios to average net assets:            
Total expenses 0.04% 0.04% 0.05% 3 0.05% 0.05%  
Net investment income (loss) 2.67% 2.26% 2.01% 1.92% 1.96%  
Portfolio turnover rate 4 , 5 71% 101% 119% 104% 6 74%  
Net assets, end of period (x 1,000) $5,544,583 $4,925,693 $3,309,447 $2,102,482 $1,226,778  
1
Calculated based on the average shares outstanding during the period.
2
The per share amount does not accord with the change in aggregate gains and losses in securities during the period because of the timing of sales and repurchases of fund shares in relation to fluctuating market values.
3
Effective October 7, 2016, the annual operating expense ratio was reduced. The ratio presented for the period ended 12/31/16 is a blended ratio.
4
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from processing of in-kind creations or redemptions.
5
Includes to-be-announced (TBA) transactions.
6
Revised methodology adopted as of December 31, 2015. For comparison purposes, portfolio turnover rate would have been 146% using previous methodology.
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Fund Management

The investment adviser for the Schwab Fixed-Income ETFs is Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM), 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. CSIM was founded in 1989 and as of February 28, 2019, managed approximately $394.9 billion in assets.
As the investment adviser, CSIM oversees the asset management and administration of the funds. As compensation for these services, CSIM receives a management fee from each fund. For the 12 months ended December 31, 2018, these fees were 0.05% for the Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF, 0.06% for the Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF, 0.06% for the Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF and 0.04% for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. These figures, which are expressed as a percentage of each fund’s average daily net assets, represent the actual amounts paid.
Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between CSIM and Schwab Strategic Trust (the Trust), on behalf of each fund, CSIM pays the operating expenses of the fund, excluding taxes, any brokerage expenses, and extraordinary or non-routine expenses.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of each fund’s Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement is available in the funds’ 2018 semiannual report, which covers the period from January 1, 2018 through June 30, 2018.
Matthew Hastings, CFA, Vice President and Head of Taxable Bond Strategies, leads the portfolio management team for the Schwab Fixed-Income ETFs and Schwab’s taxable bond funds. He also has overall responsibility for all aspects of the management of the funds. Prior to joining CSIM in 1999, Mr. Hastings was in fixed-income sales and trading at Lehman Brothers. He has worked in the fixed-income securities industry since 1996.
Steven Hung, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. His primary focus is on corporate bonds. Prior to joining CSIM in 1999, Mr. Hung was an associate in Schwab’s management training program for nine months. In that role, he worked as a clerk on the Options Trading Floor of the Pacific Coast Stock Exchange.
Mark McKissick, CFA, Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the funds. Prior to joining CSIM in 2016, Mr. McKissick worked at Denver Investments for 17 years, most recently as a director of fixed income and portfolio manager where he co-managed multiple bond strategies, as well as oversaw the firm’s fixed-income business including the investment process, client service and other administrative functions.
Alfonso Portillo, Jr., Senior Portfolio Manager, is responsible for the day-to-day co-management of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. His primary focus is securitized products. Prior to joining CSIM in 2007, Mr. Portillo worked for ten years at Pacific Investment Management Company, most recently as a vice president and member of the mortgage- and asset-backed portfolio management team. He has worked in fixed-income asset management since 1996.
Additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in each fund is available in the SAI.
Distributor. The funds’ Distributor is SEI Investments Distribution Co. The Distributor, located at 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456, is a broker-dealer registered with the SEC. The Distributor distributes Creation Units for the funds and does not maintain a secondary market in shares of the funds.
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Investing in the Funds

On the following pages, you will find information on buying and selling shares. Most investors will invest in the funds by placing orders through their brokerage account at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab) or an account with another broker/dealer or other intermediary. Authorized Participants (as defined in “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units,” below) may invest directly in the funds by placing orders for Creation Units through the funds’ Distributor (direct orders). Helpful information on taxes is included as well.
The funds generally are not registered for sale in jurisdictions outside the United States and are intended for purchase by persons residing in the United States. A person is considered resident in the United States if at the time of the investment (i) the account has an address of record in the United States or a U.S. territory (including APO/FPO/DPO) and (ii) all account owners are resident in the United States or a U.S. territory and have a valid U.S. taxpayer identification number. If an existing account is updated to reflect a non-U.S. address, the account may be restricted from making additional investments.
Shares of the funds trade on national securities exchanges and elsewhere during the trading day and can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other shares of publicly traded securities. When buying or selling shares through a broker most investors will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges. In addition, you may incur the cost of the “spread” – that is, any difference between the bid price and the ask price.
Shares of the funds trade under the following trading symbols:
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF SCHP
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHO
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHR
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF SCHZ
Shares of the funds may be acquired or redeemed directly from the funds only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the “Creation and Redemption” section below. Once created, shares of the funds trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit. The funds do not impose any minimum investment for shares of the funds purchased on an exchange or in the secondary market. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares are not redeemable by the funds.
Share Trading Prices

As with other types of securities, the trading prices of shares in the secondary market can be affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. The price you pay or receive when you buy or sell your shares in the secondary market may be more (a premium) or less (a discount) than the NAV of such shares.
The approximate value of shares of the funds is disseminated every fifteen seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the funds are listed or by other information providers. This approximate value should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, because the approximate value may not be calculated in the same manner as the NAV, which is computed once per day. The approximate value generally is determined by using current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities held by the funds. The funds and investment adviser are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the approximate value and make no warranty as to its accuracy.
Premium/Discount Information
Information showing the number of days the market price of each fund’s shares was greater than the fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a premium) and the number of days it was less than the fund’s NAV per share (i.e., at a discount), for various time periods, is available by visiting the funds’ website www.schwabfunds.com .
Determination of Net Asset Value

The NAV of a fund’s shares is calculated as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, on each day the NYSE is open for trading (each, a Business Day). NAV per share is calculated by dividing a fund’s net assets by the number of the fund’s shares outstanding. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would
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typically be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the funds reserve the right to treat such day as a Business Day and accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their respective NAVs as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day.
In valuing their securities, the funds use market quotes or official closing prices if they are readily available. In cases where quotes are not readily available or the investment adviser deems them unreliable, the funds may value securities based on fair values developed using methods approved by the funds’ Board of Trustees. When valuing fixed-income securities, the funds generally use the value of the security provided by pricing services. The pricing services may value fixed-income securities at an evaluated price by employing methodologies that use actual market transactions, broker-supplied valuations, or other methodologies designed to identify the market value for such securities. When valuing fixed-income securities with remaining maturities of 60 days or less, a fund may use the security’s amortized cost, when it approximates the security’s market value.
The funds’ Board of Trustees has adopted procedures, which include fair value methodologies, to fair value the funds’ securities when market prices are not “readily available” or are unreliable. For example, the funds may fair value a security when a security is de-listed or its trading is halted or suspended; when a security’s primary pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a security’s primary trading market is closed during regular market hours; or when a security’s value is materially affected by events occurring after the close of the security’s primary trading market. By fair valuing securities whose prices may have been affected by events occurring after the close of trading, the funds seek to establish prices that investors might expect to realize upon the current sales of these securities. The funds’ fair value methodologies seek to ensure that the prices at which the funds’ shares are purchased and redeemed are fair and do not result in dilution of shareholder interest or other harm to shareholders. Generally, when fair valuing a security, the funds will take into account all reasonably available information that may be relevant to a particular valuation including, but not limited to, fundamental analytical data regarding the issuer, information relating to the issuer’s business, recent trades or offers of the security, general and specific market conditions and the specific facts giving rise to the need to fair value the security. The funds make fair value determinations in good faith and in accordance with the fair value methodologies included in the Board of Trustees adopted valuation procedures. Due to the subjective and variable nature of fair value pricing, there can be no assurance that the funds could obtain the fair value assigned to the security upon the sale of such security.
Transactions in fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares directly from the funds in Creation Units. Fund shares that are purchased or sold on a national securities exchange will be effected at prevailing market prices, which may be higher or lower than NAV, and may be subject to brokerage commissions and charges. As described below, purchases and redemptions of Creation Units will be priced at the NAV next determined after receipt of the purchase or redemption order.
Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units

Creation and Redemption
The shares that trade in the secondary market are “created” at NAV. The funds issue and redeem shares only in Creation Units, which are large blocks of shares, typically 50,000 shares or more depending on the fund. Only institutional investors who have entered into an authorized participant agreement (known as Authorized Participants) may purchase or redeem Creation Units. Creation Units generally are issued and redeemed in exchange for a specified basket of securities approximating the holdings of the funds and/or a designated amount of cash. Each Business Day, prior to the opening of trading, the funds publish the specific securities and designated amount of cash included in that day’s basket for the funds through the National Securities Clearing Corporation (NSCC) or other method of public dissemination. The funds reserve the right to accept or pay out a basket of securities or cash that differs from the published basket. The prices at which creations and redemptions occur are based on the next calculation of NAV after an order is received and deemed acceptable by the Distributor. Orders from Authorized Participants to create or redeem Creation Units will only be accepted on a Business Day and are also subject to acceptance by the funds and the Distributor.
Creations and redemptions must be made by an Authorized Participant or through a firm that is either a member of the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or a Depository Trust Company participant, and in each case, must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Unit aggregations. Information about the procedures regarding creation and redemption of Creation Units is included in the SAI.
Authorized Participants and the Continuous Offering of Shares
Because new shares may be created and issued on an ongoing basis, at any point during the life of the funds, a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Securities Act), may be occurring. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in them being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner
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that could render them statutory underwriters and subject to the prospectus-delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act. Nonetheless, any determination of whether one is an underwriter must take into account all the relevant facts and circumstances of each particular case.
Broker-dealers should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters,” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary transactions), and thus dealing with shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(a)(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act. For delivery of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule 153 under the Securities Act is only available with respect to transactions on a national securities exchange.
Creation and Redemption Transaction Fees for Creation Units
The funds may impose a creation transaction fee and a redemption transaction fee to offset transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and redemption of Creation Units. The creation and redemption transaction fees applicable to the funds are listed below. The standard creation transaction fee is charged to each purchaser on the day such purchaser creates a Creation Unit. The standard fee is a single charge and will be the amount indicated below regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased by an investor on the same day. Similarly, the standard redemption transaction fee will be the amount indicated below regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed that day. In addition, purchasers and redeemers of shares in Creation Units are responsible for payment of the costs of transferring securities to or out of the funds. Purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units for cash may also be subject to an additional variable charge up to the maximum amount shown in the table below. This additional variable charge will offset the transaction costs to the funds of buying or selling portfolio securities. In certain circumstances, the cost of any standard transaction fees and/or additional variable charges may be waived by a fund when doing so is believed to be in the best interests of the fund. From time to time, the investment adviser may cover the cost of any transaction fees.
The following table shows, as of March 29, 2019, the approximate value of one Creation Unit of each fund, including the standard and maximum additional creation and redemption transaction fee. These fees are payable only by investors who purchase shares directly from the funds. Retail investors who purchase shares through their brokerage account will not pay these fees. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may pay fees for such services.
Name of Fund Approximate Value
of One Creation Unit
Standard
Creation/Redemption
Transaction Fee
Maximum
Additional Creation
Transaction Fee*
Maximum
Additional Redemption
Transaction Fee*
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $2,750,000 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $2,509,500 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $2,689,000 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF $5,188,000 $500 3.0% 2.0%
* As a percentage of total amount invested or redeemed.
Additional Policies

Policy regarding short-term or excessive trading. The funds do not impose any restrictions on the frequency of purchases and redemptions of fund shares. When considering that a policy regarding short-term or excessive trading was not necessary for the funds, the Board of Trustees considered the structure of the funds as ETFs and that fund shares are purchased and redeemed directly with the funds only in large quantities (Creation Units) by Authorized Participants who are authorized to purchase and redeem shares directly with the funds. Because purchase and redemption transactions with Authorized Participants are an essential part of the ETF process and help keep ETF trading prices in line with NAV, the funds accommodate frequent purchases and redemptions by Authorized Participants. Frequent purchases and redemptions for cash may increase index tracking error and portfolio transaction costs and may lead to realization of capital gains. Frequent in-kind creations and redemptions do not give rise to these concerns. The funds reserve the right to reject or limit any purchase order at any time.
The funds reserve the right to impose restrictions on disruptive or abusive trading. Such trading is defined by the funds as purchases and sales of fund shares in amounts and frequency determined by the funds to be significant and in a pattern of activity that can potentially be detrimental to the funds and their shareholders. Such adverse effects can include diluting the value of the shareholders’ holdings, increasing fund transaction costs, disrupting portfolio management strategy, incurring unwanted taxable gains, or forcing funds to hold excess levels of cash. The funds may reject purchase or redemption orders in such instances. The funds also impose a transaction fee on Creation Unit transactions that is designed to offset the funds’ transfer and other transaction costs associated with the issuance and
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redemption of the Creation Units. The Board of Trustees may determine that policies and procedures regarding the frequency of purchases and redemptions of fund shares are necessary in the future.
Investments by Registered Investment Companies. Section 12(d)(1) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, restricts investments by registered investment companies in the securities of other investment companies, including shares of the funds. Registered investment companies are permitted to invest in the funds beyond the limits set forth in section 12(d)(1), subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to the Trust, including that such investment companies enter into an agreement with the funds.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries. The investment adviser or its affiliates may make payments out of their own resources, or provide products and services at a discount, to certain brokerage firms, banks, insurance companies, retirement plan service providers and other financial intermediaries that perform shareholder, recordkeeping, sub-accounting and other administrative services in connection with investments in fund shares. The investment adviser or its affiliates may also make payments out of their own resources, or provide products and services at a discount, to certain financial intermediaries in connection with certain activities or services which may facilitate, directly or indirectly, investment in the funds. These payments may relate to marketing and/or fund promotion activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development and support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems, data analytics and support, or making shares of the funds available to their customers. These payments, which may be significant, are paid by the investment adviser or its affiliates out of their own resources and not from the assets of the funds.
Payments to a financial intermediary may create potential conflicts of interest between the intermediary and its clients as the payments may provide such intermediary with an incentive to favor sales of shares of the funds over other investment options they make available to their customers. Please see the SAI for additional information.
Distributions and Taxes

Any investment in the funds typically involves several tax considerations. The information below is meant as a general summary for U.S. citizens and residents. Please see the SAI for additional information. Because each person’s tax situation is different, you should consult your tax advisor about the tax implications of your investment in a fund. You also can visit the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) website at www.irs.gov .
As a shareholder, you are entitled to your share of the dividends and gains your fund earns. Dividends from net investment income, if any, are generally declared and paid monthly for the funds. Distributions of net realized capital gains, if any, generally are declared and paid once a year, although the funds may do so more frequently as determined by the Board of Trustees. Although it is not generally expected, if a fund’s distributions exceed its realized taxable income and capital gains during a taxable year, then all or a portion of the distributions made during that year may be characterized as a return of capital to shareholders. A return of capital distribution generally will not be taxable but will reduce the shareholder’s cost basis and result in a higher capital gain or lower capital loss when those shares on which the distribution was received are sold. To the extent that a return of capital distribution exceeds a shareholder’s adjusted basis, the distribution will be treated as gain from the sale of shares. Each fund reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve its status as a regulated investment company or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income or realized gains. Dividends and other distributions on shares of the funds are distributed on a pro rata basis to beneficial owners of such shares. During the fourth quarter of the year, typically in early November, an estimate of the funds’ year-end distributions, if any, may be made available on the funds’ website www.schwabfunds.com .
Unless you are investing through an IRA, 401(k) or other tax-advantaged retirement account, your fund distributions generally have tax consequences. Each fund’s net investment income and short-term capital gains are distributed as dividends and will be taxable as ordinary income. Other capital gains distributions are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held your shares in a fund. The maximum individual rate applicable to long-term capital gains and qualified dividend income is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. However, it is not expected that any of the funds’ distributions will be eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income subject to the reduced rates. Distributions generally are taxable in the tax year in which they are declared, whether you reinvest them or take them in cash.
Generally, any sale of your shares is a taxable event. A sale of your shares may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. The maximum individual rate applicable to long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gains distributions received (or deemed received) by you with respect to the
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shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if you purchase other substantially identical shares within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gains distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts.
At the beginning of every year, the funds provide shareholders with information detailing the tax status of any distributions the funds paid during the previous calendar year. Schwab customers also receive information on distributions and transactions in their monthly account statements.
Adjustments for inflation to the principal amount of an inflation-protected U.S. Treasury bond held by a fund may be included for tax purposes in a fund’s gross income, even though no cash attributable to such gross income has been received by the fund. In such event, a fund may be required to make annual distributions to shareholders that exceed the cash it has otherwise received. To pay such distributions, a fund may be required to raise cash by selling portfolio investments. The sale of such investments could result in capital gains to a fund and additional capital gain distributions to fund shareholders. In addition, adjustments during the taxable year for deflation to an inflation-indexed bond held by a fund may cause amounts distributed in the taxable year as income to be characterized as a return of capital.
If you are investing through a taxable account and purchase shares of the funds just before it declares a distribution, you may receive a portion of your investment back as a taxable distribution. This is because when the funds make a distribution, the share price is reduced by the amount of the distribution. You can avoid “buying a dividend,” as it is often called, by finding out if a distribution is imminent and waiting until afterwards to invest. Of course, you may decide that the opportunity to gain a few days of investment performance outweighs the tax consequences of buying a dividend.
Foreign shareholders may be subject to different U.S. federal income tax treatment, including withholding tax at the rate of 30% on amounts treated as ordinary dividends from a fund, as discussed in more detail in the SAI. Furthermore, the funds are required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to a fund to enable the fund to determine whether withholding is required.
Taxes on Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the cash component paid. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of the securities and the amount of cash received for such Creation Units. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons exchanging securities for Creation Units should consult a tax advisor with respect to whether wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a redemption (or creation) of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the funds’ shares (or securities surrendered) have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares (or securities surrendered) have been held for one year or less.
If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many shares you purchased or sold and at what price. Persons purchasing or redeeming Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction.
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Additional Information

Index Provider
CSIM has entered into a license agreement with Bloomberg Finance L.P. to use the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Fees payable under the license agreement are paid by CSIM. Bloomberg Finance L.P. has no obligation to continue to provide the Bloomberg Barclays Indices to CSIM beyond the term of the license agreement.
Disclaimers
BLOOMBERG ® is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. BARCLAYS ® is a trademark and service mark of Barclays Bank PLC, used under license. Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited (BISL) (collectively, Bloomberg), or Bloomberg’s licensors own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
Neither Barclays Bank PLC, Barclays Capital Inc., nor any affiliate (collectively Barclays) nor Bloomberg is the issuer or producer of the Schwab ETFs and neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any responsibilities, obligations or duties to investors in the Schwab ETFs. The Bloomberg Barclays Indices are licensed for use by CSIM for use by the Schwab ETFs. The only relationship of Bloomberg and Barclays with CSIM in respect of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices is the licensing of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, which are determined, composed and calculated by BISL, or any successor thereto, without regard to CSIM or the Schwab ETFs or the shareholders of the Schwab ETFs.
Additionally, CSIM, investment adviser to the Schwab ETFs, may for itself execute transaction(s) with Barclays in or relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices in connection with the Schwab ETFs. Investors acquiring Schwab ETFs neither acquire any interest in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices nor enter into any relationship of any kind whatsoever with Bloomberg or Barclays upon making an investment in the Schwab ETFs. The Schwab ETFs are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, regarding the advisability of investing in the Schwab ETFs or the advisability of investing in securities generally or the ability of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices to track corresponding or relative market performance. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has passed on the legality or suitability of the Schwab ETFs with respect to any person or entity. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays is responsible for or has participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the Schwab ETFs to be issued. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any obligation to take the needs of CSIM or the owners of the Schwab ETFs or any other third party into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any obligation or liability in connection with administration, marketing or trading of the Schwab ETFs.
The licensing agreement between Bloomberg and Barclays is solely for the benefit of Bloomberg and Barclays and not for the benefit of the owners of the Schwab ETFs, investors or other third parties. In addition, the licensing agreement between CSIM and Bloomberg is solely for the benefit of CSIM and Bloomberg and not for the benefit of the owners of the Schwab ETFs, investors or other third parties.
NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO CSIM, INVESTORS OR OTHER THIRD PARTIES FOR THE QUALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR COMPLETENESS OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN OR FOR INTERRUPTIONS IN THE DELIVERY OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY CSIM, THE INVESTORS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EACH HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. BLOOMBERG RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE THE METHODS OF CALCULATION OR PUBLICATION, OR TO CEASE THE CALCULATION OR PUBLICATION OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES, AND NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY MISCALCULATION OF OR ANY INCORRECT, DELAYED OR INTERRUPTED PUBLICATION WITH RESPECT TO ANY OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY LOST PROFITS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH, RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN OR WITH RESPECT TO THE SCHWAB ETFS.
None of the information supplied by Bloomberg or Barclays and used in this publication may be reproduced in any manner without the prior written permission of both Bloomberg and Barclays Capital, the investment banking division of Barclays Bank PLC. Barclays Bank PLC is registered in England No. 1026167, registered office 1 Churchill Place London E14 5HP.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca, Inc. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the ability of a fund to track the total return
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performance of its underlying index or the ability of the underlying index to track stock or bond market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of any underlying index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca shall have no liability for damages, claims, losses or expenses caused by any errors, omissions, or delays in calculating or disseminating any current index or portfolio value; the current value of the portfolio of securities required to be deposited to the funds; the amount of any dividend equivalent payment or cash distribution to holders of shares of the funds; net asset value; or other information relating to the creation, redemption or trading of shares of the funds, resulting from any negligent act or omission by NYSE Arca, or any act, condition or cause beyond the reasonable control of NYSE Arca, including, but not limited to, an act of God; fire; flood; extraordinary weather conditions; war; insurrection; riot; strike; accident; action of government; communications or power failure; equipment or software malfunction; or any error, omission or delay in the reporting of transactions in one or more underlying securities. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by any person or entity from the use of any underlying index or data included therein and NYSE Arca makes no express or implied warranties, and disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to shares of the funds or any underlying index or data included therein.
The funds and CSIM do not guarantee the accuracy and/or the completeness of the indexes or any data included therein and shall have no liability for any errors, omissions, or interruptions therein. The funds and CSIM make no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by the funds, or any other person or entity from the use of the indexes or any data included therein. The funds and CSIM make no express or implied warranties, and expressly disclaims all warranties, of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or use with respect to the indexes or any data included therein, without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the funds and CSIM have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special or consequential damages (including lost profits), even if notified of the possibility of such damages.
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Prospectus  | April 26, 2019
Schwab ® Fixed-Income ETFs

To Learn More
This prospectus contains important information on the funds and should be read and kept for reference. You also can obtain more information from the following sources:
Annual and semiannual reports, which are sent to current fund investors, contain more information about the funds’ holdings and detailed financial information about the funds. Annual reports also contain information from the funds’ manager(s) about strategies, recent market conditions and trends and their impact on fund performance during the funds’ last fiscal period.
The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) includes a more detailed discussion of investment policies and the risks associated with various investments. The SAI is incorporated by reference into the prospectus, making it legally part of the prospectus.
For a free copy of any of these documents or to request other information or ask questions about the funds, call Schwab ETFs at 1-877-824-5615. In addition, you may visit the Schwab ETFs’ website at www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus for a free copy of a prospectus, SAI or an annual or semiannual report.
The SAI, the funds’ annual and semiannual reports and other related materials are available from the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s website ( www.sec.gov ). You can obtain copies of this information, after paying a duplicating fee, by sending a request by e-mail to publicinfo@sec.gov.
SEC File Number
Schwab Strategic Trust 811-22311
REG56416-10


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Schwab ® ETFs
Schwab ® U.S. TIPS ETF SCHP
Schwab ® Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHO
Schwab ® Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF SCHR
Schwab ® U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF SCHZ
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc.
Statement Of Additional Information
April 26, 2019
The Statement of Additional Information (SAI) is not a prospectus. It should be read in conjunction with each fund’s prospectus dated April 26, 2019 (as amended from time to time).
The funds’ audited financial statements and the report of the independent registered public accounting firm thereon from the funds’ annual report for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, are incorporated by reference into this SAI.
For a free copy of these documents or to request other information or ask questions about the funds, call Schwab ETFs at 1-877-824-5615. For TDD service, call 1-800-345-2550. In addition, you may visit the Schwab ETFs’ website at www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus for a free copy of a prospectus, SAI or an annual or semiannual report.
Each fund is a series of Schwab Strategic Trust (the Trust). The funds are part of the Schwab complex of funds (Schwab Funds).
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Investment ObjectiveS, Strategies, Risks And Limitations
Investment Objectives
Each fund’s investment objective is not fundamental and therefore may be changed by the funds’ Board of Trustees (the Board) without shareholder approval.
The Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L) SM .
The Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index.
The Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index.
The Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF’s goal is to track as closely as possible, before fees and expenses, the total return of the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index.
There is no guarantee the funds will achieve their investment objectives.
Description of Indices
The Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF’s index, the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury Inflation-Linked Bond Index (Series-L), includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPS) that have at least one year remaining to maturity, are rated investment grade and have $500 million or more of outstanding face value. TIPS are U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury that generate principal and interest payments designed to adjust for and protect against inflation. The TIPS in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 39 TIPS in the index.
The Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF’s index, the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 1-3 Year Index, includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury securities that have a remaining maturity of greater than or equal to one year and less than three years, are rated investment grade, and have $300 million or more of outstanding face value. The securities in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index excludes state and local government series bonds and coupon issues that have been stripped from bonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 99 securities in the index.
The Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF’s index, the Bloomberg Barclays US Treasury 3-10 Year Index, includes all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury securities that have a remaining maturity of greater than or equal to three years and less than ten years, are rated investment grade, and have $300 million or more of outstanding face value. The securities in the index must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. The index excludes state and local government series bonds and coupon issues that have been stripped from bonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were 113 securities in the index.
The Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF’s index, the Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index, is comprised of U.S. investment grade, taxable fixed-income securities, including U.S. Treasuries, government-related and corporate bonds, mortgage pass-through securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities that are publicly available for sale in the United States. To be eligible for inclusion in the index, securities must be fixed rate, non-convertible, U.S. dollar-denominated with at least $300 million or more of outstanding face value and have one or more years remaining to maturity. Asset-backed securities must have a minimum deal size of $500 million and a minimum tranche size of $25 million. For commercial mortgage-backed securities, the original aggregate transaction must have a minimum deal size of $500 million and a minimum tranche size of $25 million; the aggregate outstanding transaction sizes must be at least $300 million to remain in the index. The index excludes certain types of securities, including tax-exempt state and local government series bonds, structured notes embedded with swaps or other special features, private placements, floating-rate securities, inflation-linked bonds and Eurobonds. The index is market capitalization weighted and the securities in the index are updated on the last business day of each month. As of December 31, 2018, there were approximately 10,248 securities in the index.
Provider and Disclaimers
Index Provider
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM or the investment adviser) has entered into a license agreement with Bloomberg Finance L.P. to use the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Fees payable under the license agreement are paid by CSIM. Bloomberg Finance L.P. has no obligation to continue to provide the Bloomberg Barclays Indices to CSIM beyond the term of the license agreement.
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Disclaimers
BLOOMBERG ® is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. BARCLAYS ® is a trademark and service mark of Barclays Bank PLC, used under license. Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates, including Bloomberg Index Services Limited (BISL) (collectively, Bloomberg), or Bloomberg’s licensors own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices.
Neither Barclays Bank PLC, Barclays Capital Inc., nor any affiliate (collectively Barclays) nor Bloomberg is the issuer or producer of the Schwab ETFs and neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any responsibilities, obligations or duties to investors in the Schwab ETFs. The Bloomberg Barclays Indices are licensed for use by CSIM for use by the Schwab ETFs. The only relationship of Bloomberg and Barclays with CSIM in respect of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices is the licensing of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices, which are determined, composed and calculated by BISL, or any successor thereto, without regard to CSIM or the Schwab ETFs or the shareholders of the Schwab ETFs.
Additionally, CSIM, investment adviser to the Schwab ETFs, may for itself execute transaction(s) with Barclays in or relating to the Bloomberg Barclays Indices in connection with the Schwab ETFs. Investors acquiring Schwab ETFs neither acquire any interest in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices nor enter into any relationship of any kind whatsoever with Bloomberg or Barclays upon making an investment in the Schwab ETFs. The Schwab ETFs are not sponsored, endorsed, sold or promoted by Bloomberg or Barclays. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays makes any representation or warranty, express or implied, regarding the advisability of investing in the Schwab ETFs or the advisability of investing in securities generally or the ability of the Bloomberg Barclays Indices to track corresponding or relative market performance. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has passed on the legality or suitability of the Schwab ETFs with respect to any person or entity. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays is responsible for or has participated in the determination of the timing of, prices at, or quantities of the Schwab ETFs to be issued. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any obligation to take the needs of CSIM or the owners of the Schwab ETFs or any other third party into consideration in determining, composing or calculating the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays has any obligation or liability in connection with administration, marketing or trading of the Schwab ETFs.
The licensing agreement between Bloomberg and Barclays is solely for the benefit of Bloomberg and Barclays and not for the benefit of the owners of the Schwab ETFs, investors or other third parties. In addition, the licensing agreement between CSIM and Bloomberg is solely for the benefit of CSIM and Bloomberg and not for the benefit of the owners of the Schwab ETFs, investors or other third parties.
NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL HAVE ANY LIABILITY TO CSIM, INVESTORS OR OTHER THIRD PARTIES FOR THE QUALITY, ACCURACY AND/OR COMPLETENESS OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN OR FOR INTERRUPTIONS IN THE DELIVERY OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS MAKES ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED BY CSIM, THE INVESTORS OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY FROM THE USE OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS MAKES ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, AND EACH HEREBY EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE WITH RESPECT TO THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN. BLOOMBERG RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE THE METHODS OF CALCULATION OR PUBLICATION, OR TO CEASE THE CALCULATION OR PUBLICATION OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES, AND NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY MISCALCULATION OF OR ANY INCORRECT, DELAYED OR INTERRUPTED PUBLICATION WITH RESPECT TO ANY OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES. NEITHER BLOOMBERG NOR BARCLAYS SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY LOST PROFITS, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH, RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE BLOOMBERG BARCLAYS INDICES OR ANY DATA INCLUDED THEREIN OR WITH RESPECT TO THE SCHWAB ETFS.
None of the information supplied by Bloomberg or Barclays and used in this publication may be reproduced in any manner without the prior written permission of both Bloomberg and Barclays Capital, the investment banking division of Barclays Bank PLC. Barclays Bank PLC is registered in England No. 1026167, registered office 1 Churchill Place London E14 5HP.
Shares of the funds are not sponsored, endorsed or promoted by NYSE Arca, Inc. NYSE Arca makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the shares of the funds or any member of the public regarding the ability of the funds to track the total return performance of any underlying index or the ability of the underlying index to track stock or bond market performance. NYSE Arca is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the compilation or the calculation of an underlying index, nor in the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of shares of the funds to be issued, nor in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the shares are redeemable. NYSE Arca has no obligation or liability to owners of the shares of the funds in connection with the administration, marketing or trading of the shares of the funds.
NYSE Arca shall have no liability for damages, claims, losses or expenses caused by any errors, omissions, or delays in calculating or disseminating any current index or portfolio value the current value of the portfolio of securities required to be deposited to the funds; the amount of any dividend equivalent payment or cash distribution to holders of shares of the funds; net asset value; or other information relating to the creation, redemption or trading of shares of the funds, resulting from any negligent act or omission by NYSE Arca, or any act, condition or cause beyond the reasonable control of NYSE Arca, including, but not limited to, an act of God; fire; flood; extraordinary weather conditions; war; insurrection; riot; strike; accident; action of government; communications or power failure; equipment or software malfunction; or any error, omission or delay in the reporting of transactions in one or more underlying securities. NYSE Arca makes no warranty, express or implied, as to results to be obtained by any person or entity from the use of any underlying index or data included therein and NYSE Arca makes no
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express or implied warranties, and disclaims all warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose with respect to shares of the funds or any underlying index or data included therein.
Fund Investment Policies
The following investment policies may be changed by the funds’ Board without shareholder approval.
The Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net assets in the securities of its index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net assets in the securities of its index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net assets in the securities of its index. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes.
The Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 90% of its net assets in the securities of its index. TBA transactions (defined below in the “Mortgage Pass-Through Securities” section) are included within the above noted investment policy. The fund will notify its shareholders at least 60 days before changing this policy. For purposes of this policy, net assets mean net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes. A substantial portion of the bonds represented in the index are U.S. fixed-rate mortgage pass-through securities. These securities include those issued by entities such as the Government National Mortgage Association (Ginnie Mae), the Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae), and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (Freddie Mac) that are backed by pools of mortgages. Most transactions in fixed-rate mortgage pass-through securities occur through standardized contracts for future delivery in which the exact mortgage pools to be delivered are not specified until a few days prior to settlement. The fund anticipates that it may enter into such contracts on a regular basis. The fund, pending settlement of such contracts, will invest its assets in high-quality, liquid short-term instruments, including U.S. Treasury securities and shares of money market funds. The fund will assume its pro rata share of the fees and expenses of any money market fund in which it may invest, in addition to the fund’s own fees and expenses.
Investments, Risks and Limitations
The following investment strategies, risks and limitations supplement those set forth in the prospectus and may be changed without shareholder approval unless otherwise noted. Also, policies and limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard, shall be measured immediately after and as a result of a fund’s acquisition of such security or asset unless otherwise noted. Thus, except with respect to limitations on borrowing and futures and option contracts, any subsequent change in values, net assets or other circumstances does not require a fund to sell an investment if it could not then make the same investment.
From time to time the funds may hold certain securities not otherwise discussed in this SAI as a permissible investment for a particular fund. For example, a fund may invest in certain types of securities to the extent its index does even if the types of securities have not been identified as part of the fund’s principal or non-principal investment strategy. To the extent an investment becomes part of a fund’s principal or non-principal investment strategy, the fund will take the necessary steps to identify them as permissible investments. In addition, a fund may receive (i.e., not actively invest) certain securities as a result of a corporate action, such as securities dividends, spin-offs or rights issues. In such cases, the fund will not actively add to its position and generally will dispose the securities as soon as reasonably practicable.
Principal Investment Strategies
Unless otherwise indicated, the following investments may be used as part of each fund’s principal investment strategy.
Concentration means that substantial amounts of assets are invested in a particular industry or group of industries. Concentration increases investment exposure to industry risk. For example, the automobile industry may have a greater exposure to a single factor, such as an increase in the price of oil, which may adversely affect the sale of automobiles and, as a result, the value of the industry’s securities. As part of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF’s principal investment strategy, the fund will concentrate its investments in a particular industry or group of industries only to approximately the same extent that its index concentrates in the securities of such particular industry or group of industries. For purposes of this limitation, securities of the U.S. government (including its agencies and instrumentalities), and repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. government securities are not considered to be issued by members of any industry.
Debt Securities (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. For all other funds, principal investments with respect to only U.S. Treasury Securities, and permissible non-principal investments with respect to all other debt securities) are obligations issued by domestic and foreign entities, including governments and corporations, in order to raise money. They are basically “IOUs,” but are commonly referred to as bonds or money market securities. These securities normally require the issuer to pay a fixed-, variable- or floating-rate of interest on the amount of money borrowed (the principal) until it is paid back upon maturity.
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Debt securities experience price changes when interest rates change. For example, when interest rates fall, the prices of debt securities generally rise. Conversely, when interest rates rise, the prices of debt securities generally fall. Certain debt securities have call features that allow issuers to redeem or “call” their outstanding debts prior to final maturity. Depending on the call feature, an issuer may pre-pay its outstanding debts and issue new ones paying lower interest rates. This is more likely to occur in a falling interest rate environment. When this happens, a fund may have to replace these securities with lower yielding securities, which could result in a lower return. In a rising interest rate environment, prepayment on outstanding debt securities is less likely to occur. This is known as extension risk and may cause the value of debt securities to depreciate as a result of the higher market interest rates. Typically, longer-maturity debt securities react to interest rate changes more severely than shorter-term debt securities (all things being equal), but generally offer greater rates of interest. If an issuer redeems its debt securities prior to final maturity, a fund may have to replace those securities with lower yielding securities, which could result in a lower return.
A change in a central bank’s monetary policy or improving economic conditions may lead to an increase in interest rates, which could significantly impact the value of debt securities in which a fund invests. There is currently a heightened risk of increased interest rates because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. Some debt securities, such as bonds with longer durations, are more sensitive to interest rate changes than others and may experience an immediate and considerable reduction in value if interest rates rise. Longer duration securities tend to be more volatile than shorter duration securities. As the values of debt securities in a fund’s portfolio adjust to a rise in interest rates, the fund’s share price may fall. In the event that a fund holds a large portion of its portfolio in longer duration securities when interest rates increase, the share price of the fund may fall significantly.
Debt securities also are subject to the risk that the issuers will not make timely interest and/or principal payments or fail to make them at all. This is called credit risk. Corporate debt securities (bonds) tend to have higher credit risk generally than U.S. government debt securities. Debt securities also may be subject to price volatility due to market perception of future interest rates, the creditworthiness of the issuer and general market liquidity (market risk). Investment-grade debt securities are considered medium- and/or high-quality securities, although some still possess varying degrees of speculative characteristics and risks. Debt securities rated below investment-grade are riskier, but may offer higher yields. These securities are sometimes referred to as high yield securities or “junk bonds.” The market for these securities has historically been less liquid and more volatile than for investment-grade securities.
Corporate bonds are debt securities issued by corporations. Although a higher return is expected from corporate bonds, these securities, while subject to the same general risks as U.S. government securities, are subject to greater credit risk than U.S. government securities. Their prices may be affected by the perceived credit quality of their issuer.
Investment-grade bonds. A fund will generally limit its investments in debt securities to those that are rated investment-grade, which means that the securities are rated by at least one Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organization (NRSRO), such as Standard & Poor’s Financial Services LLC (S&P), Moody’s Investors Service, Fitch, Inc. or DBRS, in one of the four highest rating categories (within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative standing). See the appendix titled “Ratings of Investment Securities” for more information. The ratings of NRSROs represent their opinions as to the quality of the securities. It should be emphasized, however, that these ratings are general and are not absolute standards of quality. Consequently, obligations with the same rating, maturity and interest rate may have different market prices. Further, NRSROs may have conflicts of interest relating to the issuance of a credit rating and such conflicts may affect the integrity of the credit rating process or the methodologies used to develop credit ratings for securities. Such conflicts may include, but are not limited to; NRSROs being paid by issuers or underwriters to determine the credit ratings with respect to the securities they issue or underwrite, NRSROs being paid by issuers and underwriters for services in addition to the NRSROs determination of credit ratings; allowing persons with the NRSRO to directly own securities or money market instruments of, or having other direct ownership interests in, issuers or obligors subject to a credit rating determined by the NRSRO; and allowing persons within the NRSRO to have a business relationship that is more than an arms-length ordinary course of business relationship with issuers or obligors subject to a credit rating determined by the NRSRO.
In addition, credit ratings are generally given to securities at the time of issuance. While the rating agencies may from time to time revise such ratings, they undertake no obligation to do so, and the ratings given to securities at issuance do not necessarily represent ratings that would be given to these securities on a particular subsequent date. Accordingly, investors should note that the assignment of a rating to a security by a rating service may not reflect the effect of recent developments on the issuer’s ability to make interest and principal payments.
Delayed-Delivery and Forward Commitment Transactions (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) involve purchasing and selling securities on a delayed-delivery or forward basis. A delayed-delivery agreement is a contract for the purchase or sale of one or more securities to be delivered on an agreed future settlement date. A forward commitment agreement is a contract for the purchase or sale of one or more securities at a specified price, with delivery and cash settlement on an agreed specified future date. When purchasing securities on a delayed-delivery or forward basis, a fund assumes the rights and risks of ownership, including the risk of price and yield fluctuations. Typically, no interest will accrue to a fund until the security is delivered. A fund will earmark or segregate appropriate liquid assets to cover its delayed-delivery or forward basis purchase obligations. When a fund sells a security on a delayed-delivery or forward basis, the fund does not participate in further gains or losses with respect to that security. If the other party to a delayed-delivery transaction fails to deliver or pay for the securities, a fund could miss a favorable price or yield opportunity or
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suffer a loss. A fund may renegotiate a forward commitment transaction and may sell the underlying security before delivery, which may result in capital gains or losses for the fund.
Derivative Instruments (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) are commonly defined to include instruments or contracts whose values depend on (or “derive” from) the value of one or more other assets such as securities, currencies, or commodities. These “other assets” are commonly referred to as “underlying assets.” The funds may use derivatives, principally futures contracts, primarily to seek returns on a fund’s otherwise uninvested cash assets.
A derivative instrument generally consists of, is based upon, or exhibits characteristics similar to options or forward contracts. Options and forward contracts are considered to be the basic “building blocks” of derivatives. For example, forward-based derivatives include forward contracts, as well as exchange-traded futures. Option-based derivatives include privately negotiated, over-the-counter (OTC) options (including caps, floors, collars, and options on forward and swap contracts) and exchange-traded options on futures. Diverse types of derivatives may be created by combining options or forward contracts in different ways, and applying these structures to a wide range of underlying assets. Risk management strategies include investment techniques designed to facilitate the sale of portfolio securities, manage the average duration of the portfolio or create or alter exposure to certain asset classes, such as equity, other debt or foreign securities.
In addition to the derivative instruments and strategies described in this SAI, the investment adviser expects to discover additional derivative instruments and other investment, hedging or risk management techniques. The investment adviser may utilize these new derivative instruments and techniques to the extent that they are consistent with a fund’s investment objective and permitted by the fund’s investment limitations, operating policies and applicable regulatory authorities.
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) regulates the trading of commodity interests, including certain futures contracts, options, and swaps in which a fund may invest. A fund that invests in commodity interests will generally be subject to certain CFTC regulatory requirements, if it is considered a “commodity pool.” The Trust, on behalf of each fund, has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term “commodity pool operator” (CPO) under the Commodity Exchange Act, as amended (CEA), with respect to each fund’s operation. Therefore, each fund and its investment adviser are not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA. If a fund were no longer able to claim the exclusion, the fund’s investment adviser may be required to register as a CPO and the fund and its investment adviser would be subject to regulation as a CPO under the CEA. If a fund or its investment adviser is subject to CFTC regulation, it may incur additional expenses and/or may choose to make changes to its investment strategies.
Futures Contracts are instruments that represent an agreement between two parties that obligates one party to buy, and the other party to sell, specific instruments at an agreed-upon price on a stipulated future date. In the case of futures contracts relating to an index or otherwise not calling for physical delivery at the close of the transaction, the parties usually agree to deliver the final cash settlement price of the contract. A fund may purchase and sell futures contracts based on securities, securities indices, interest rates, or any other futures contracts traded on U.S. exchanges or boards of trade that the CFTC licenses and regulates on foreign exchanges. Although positions are usually marked-to-market on a daily basis with an intermediary (executing broker), there remains a credit risk with the futures exchange.
A fund must maintain a small portion of its assets in cash to process certain shareholder transactions in and out of it and to pay its expenses. To help manage interest rate exposure or reduce the effect uninvested cash would have on performance, a fund may purchase futures contracts. Such transactions also allow a fund’s cash balance to produce a return similar to that of the underlying security or index on which the futures contract is based. A fund may enter into futures contracts for other reasons as well.
When buying or selling futures contracts, a fund must place a deposit with its broker equal to a fraction of the contract amount. This amount is known as “initial margin” and must be in the form of liquid assets, including cash, cash-equivalents and U.S. government securities. Subsequent payments to and from the broker, known as “variation margin” may be made daily, if necessary, as the value of the futures contracts fluctuate. This process is known as “marking-to-market.” The initial margin amount will be returned to a fund upon termination of the futures contracts assuming all contractual obligations are satisfied. Because margin requirements are normally only a fraction of the amount of the futures contracts in a given transaction, futures trading can involve a great deal of leverage. To avoid the creation of a senior security, a fund will earmark or segregate liquid assets for any outstanding futures contracts as may be required under the federal securities laws.
While a fund intends to purchase and sell futures contracts to simulate full investment, there are risks associated with these transactions. Adverse market movements could cause a fund to experience substantial losses when buying and selling futures contracts. Of course, barring significant market distortions, similar results would have been expected if the fund had instead transacted in the underlying securities directly. There also is the risk of losing any margin payments held by a broker in the event of its bankruptcy. Additionally, a fund incurs transaction costs (e.g., brokerage fees) when engaging in futures trading. To the extent a fund also invests in futures to simulate full investment, these same risks apply.
When interest rates are rising or securities prices are falling, a fund may seek, through the sale of futures contracts, to offset a decline in the value of its current portfolio securities. When rates are falling or prices are rising, a fund, through the purchase of futures contracts, may attempt to secure better rates or prices than might later be available in the market when it effects anticipated purchases. Similarly, a fund may sell futures contracts on a specified currency to protect against a decline in the value of that currency and its portfolio securities that are denominated in that currency. A fund may purchase futures contracts on a foreign currency to fix the price in U.S. dollars of a security denominated in that currency that a fund has acquired or expects to acquire.
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Futures contracts may require actual delivery or acquisition of an underlying security or cash value of an index on the expiration date of the contract. In most cases, however, the contractual obligation is fulfilled before the date of the contract by buying or selling, as the case may be, identical futures contracts. Such offsetting transactions terminate the original contracts and cancel the obligation to take or make delivery of the underlying securities or cash. There may not always be a liquid secondary market at the time a fund seeks to close out a futures position. If a fund is unable to close out its position and prices move adversely, the fund would have to continue to make daily cash payments to maintain its margin requirements. If a fund had insufficient cash to meet these requirements it may have to sell portfolio securities at a disadvantageous time or incur extra costs by borrowing the cash. Also, a fund may be required to make or take delivery and incur extra transaction costs buying or selling the underlying securities. A fund seeks to reduce the risks associated with futures transactions by buying and selling futures contracts that are traded on national exchanges or for which there appears to be a liquid secondary market.
With respect to futures contracts that are not legally required to “cash settle,” a fund may cover the open position by setting aside or earmarking liquid assets in an amount equal to the notional value (i.e., the purchase or delivery obligation) of the futures contracts. With respect to futures contracts that are required to “cash settle,” however, a fund is permitted to set aside or earmark liquid assets in an amount equal to the fund’s daily marked-to-market (net) obligation, if any, (in other words, the fund’s daily net liability, if any) rather than the notional value of the futures contracts. By setting aside assets or earmarking equal to only its net obligation under cash-settled futures, a fund will have the ability to employ leverage to a greater extent than if the fund were required to set aside or earmark assets equal to the full notional value of the futures contract.
Diversification involves investing in a wide range of securities and thereby spreading and reducing the risks of investment. Each fund is a series of an open-end investment management company with limited redeemability. The funds are diversified exchange-traded funds. Diversification does not eliminate the risk of market loss.
Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) such as the funds or Standard and Poor’s Depositary Receipts (SPDRs) Trusts, are investment companies that typically are registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), as open-end funds, as is the funds’ case, or unit investment trusts (UITs). ETFs are actively traded on national securities exchanges and many are based on specific domestic and foreign market indices. Shares of an ETF may be bought and sold throughout the day at market prices, which may be higher or lower than the shares’ net asset value. Market prices of ETF shares will fluctuate, sometimes rapidly and materially, in response to various factors including changes in the ETF’s net asset value, the value of ETF holdings, and supply of and demand for ETF shares. Although the creation/redemption feature of ETFs generally makes it more likely that ETF shares will trade close to their net asset value, market volatility, lack of an active trading market for ETF shares, disruptions at market participants (such as Authorized Participants or market makers) and any disruptions in the ordinary functioning of the creation/redemption process may result in ETF shares trading significantly above (at a “premium”) or below (at a “discount”) their net asset value. An ETF’s investment results are based on the ETF’s daily net asset value. Investors transacting in ETF shares in the secondary market, where market prices may differ from net asset value, may experience investment results that differ from results based on the ETF’s daily net asset value. An “index-based ETF” seeks to track the performance of an index by holding in its portfolio either the contents of the index or a representative sample of the securities in the index. Because ETFs are based on an underlying basket of securities, they are subject to the same market fluctuations as these types of securities in volatile market swings. ETFs, like mutual funds, have expenses associated with their operation, including advisory fees. When a fund invests in an ETF, in addition to directly bearing expenses associated with its own operations, it will bear a pro rata portion of the ETF’s expenses. As with any exchange listed security, ETF shares purchased in the secondary market are subject to customary brokerage charges.
Indexing Strategies involve tracking the securities represented in, and therefore the performance of, an index. Each fund normally will invest primarily in the securities of its index. Moreover, each fund seeks to invest so that its portfolio performs similarly to that of its index. Each fund will seek to achieve, over time, a correlation between its performance and that of its index, before fees and expenses, of 0.95 or better. Correlation for each fund is calculated using daily returns, according to a mathematical formula that measures correlation between a fund’s portfolio and index returns. Each fund may rebalance its holdings in order to track its index more closely. A perfect correlation of 1.0 is unlikely as the funds incur operating and trading expenses unlike their indices. In the event its intended correlation is not achieved, the Board will consider alternative arrangements for the fund.
There can be no guarantee that the performance of a fund will achieve a high degree of correlation with that of its index. A number of factors may affect a fund’s ability to achieve a high correlation with its index, including the degree to which the fund utilizes a sampling technique. The correlation between the performance of a fund and its index may also diverge due to transaction costs, asset valuations, corporate actions (such as mergers and spinoffs), timing variances, and differences between the fund’s portfolio and the index resulting from legal restrictions such as diversification requirements) that apply to the fund but not to the index.
Inflation-Protected Securities (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund). Inflation-protected securities are fixed-income securities whose value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers utilize a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the bond. Other issuers pay out the Consumer Price Index (CPI) accruals as part of a semiannual coupon. Inflation-protected securities issued by the U.S. Treasury have maturities of approximately five, ten or thirty years, although it is possible that securities with other maturities will be issued in the future. The U.S. Treasury securities pay interest on a semiannual basis equal to a fixed percentage of the inflation adjusted principal amount.
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If the periodic adjustment rate measuring inflation falls, the principal value of inflation-protected bonds will be adjusted downward, and consequently the interest payable on these securities (calculated with respect to a smaller principal amount) will be reduced. Repayment of the original bond principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury in the case of U.S. Treasury inflation-protected bonds, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the bonds is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. A fund may also invest in other inflation related bonds which may or may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the bond to be repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal amount and, therefore, is subject to credit risk.
The value of inflation-protected bonds is expected to change in response to changes in real interest rates. Real interest rates in turn are tied to the relationship between nominal interest rates and the expected rate of inflation. Therefore, if the rate of inflation rises at a faster rate than nominal interest rates, real interest rates might decline, leading to an increase in value of inflation-protected bonds. In contrast, if nominal interest rates increase at a faster rate than inflation, real interest rates might rise, leading to a decrease in value of inflation-protected bonds.
While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to a decline in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the bond’s inflation measure.
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-protected bonds is tied to the non-seasonally adjusted U.S. City Average All Items Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), published monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-protected bonds issued by a foreign government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index, calculated by that government. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U or any foreign inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.
Any increase in principal for an inflation-protected security resulting from inflation adjustments is considered by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) to be taxable income in the year it occurs. A fund’s distributions to shareholders include interest income and the income attributable to principal adjustments, both of which will be taxable to shareholders. The tax treatment of the income attributable to principal adjustments may result in the situation where a fund needs to make its required annual distributions to shareholders in amounts that exceed the cash received. As a result, the fund may need to liquidate certain investments when it is not advantageous to do so. Also, if the principal value of an inflation-protected security is adjusted downward due to deflation, amounts previously distributed in the taxable year may be characterized in some circumstances as a return of capital.
The securities in the Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF’s index include all publicly-issued U.S. Treasury inflation-protected securities that have at least one year remaining to maturity, are rated investment grade and have $500 million or more of outstanding face value. The securities must be denominated in U.S. dollars and must be fixed-rate and non-convertible. TIPS are publicly issued, dollar-denominated U.S. government securities issued by the U.S. Treasury that have principal and interest payments linked to official inflation measure (as measured by the Consumer Price Index, or CPI) and their payments are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States government.
Interest Rates may rise and fall over time, and debt securities will experience price changes when interest rates change. For example, when interest rates fall, the prices of debt securities generally rise. If interest rates move sharply higher in a manner not anticipated by a fund’s investment manager, the value of the fund’s debt securities could be adversely impacted and the fund could lose money. Interest rates in the United States and other countries are near historically low levels. However, the funds are currently subject to heightened levels of interest rate risk because of the continued economic recovery, along with the fact that the U.S. Federal Reserve Board ended its quantitative easing program in 2014, and has begun, and may continue, to raise interest rates. The value of debt securities in a fund can be expected to vary inversely with changes in prevailing interest rates. In general, debt securities with longer maturities will tend to react to interest rate changes more severely than shorter-term debt securities, but will generally offer greater rates of interest.
During periods of rising interest rates, the average life of certain debt securities is extended because of slower than expected principal payments. This may lock in below-market interest rates and extend the duration of these debt securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. This is known as extension risk and may cause the value of debt securities to depreciate as a result of the higher market interest rates.
When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their fixed-income securities sooner than expected. This is known as prepayment risk and may reduce the returns of a fund because a fund will have to reinvest that money at the lower prevailing interest rates.
Money Market Securities. The funds generally keep a portion of their assets in cash for business operations. To reduce the effect this otherwise uninvested cash would have on performance, a fund may invest in money market securities. A fund may also invest in money market securities to the extent it is consistent with its investment strategy. Money market securities are high-quality, short term debt securities that may be issued by entities such as the U.S. government, corporations and financial institutions (like banks). Money market securities include commercial paper, certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances, notes and time deposits. Certificates of deposit and time deposits are issued against funds deposited in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. Banker’s acceptances are credit instruments evidencing a bank’s obligation to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the
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drawer to pay the full amount of the instrument upon maturity. Commercial paper consists of short term, unsecured promissory notes issued to finance short term credit needs.
Money market securities pay fixed-, variable- or floating-rates of interest and are generally subject to credit and interest rate risks. The maturity date or price of and financial assets collateralizing a security may be structured in order to make it qualify as or act like a money market security. These securities may be subject to greater credit and interest rate risks than other money market securities because of their structure. Money market securities may be issued with puts or sold separately; these puts, which are sometimes called demand features or guarantees, are agreements that allow the buyer to sell a security at a specified price and time to the seller or “put provider.” When a fund buys a put, losses could occur as a result of the costs of the put or if it exercises its rights under the put and the put provider does not perform as agreed. Standby commitments are types of puts.
Bankers’ Acceptances or Notes (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) are credit instruments evidencing a bank’s obligation to pay a draft drawn on it by a customer. These instruments reflect the obligation both of the bank and of the drawer to pay the full amount of the instrument upon maturity. A fund will invest only in bankers’ acceptances of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in the aggregate in excess of $100 million.
Certificates of Deposit or Time Deposits (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) are issued against funds deposited in a banking institution for a specified period of time at a specified interest rate. A fund will invest only in certificates of deposit of banks that have capital, surplus and undivided profits in the aggregate in excess of $100 million.
Commercial Paper (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) consists of short term, promissory notes issued by banks, corporations and other institutions to finance short term credit needs. These securities generally are discounted but sometimes may be interest bearing. Commercial paper, which also may be unsecured, is subject to credit risk.
Fixed Time Deposits (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) are bank obligations payable at a stated maturity date and bearing interest at a fixed rate. Fixed time deposits may be withdrawn on demand by the investor, but may be subject to early withdrawal penalties, which vary depending upon market conditions and the remaining maturity of the obligation. There are no contractual restrictions on the right to transfer a beneficial interest in a fixed time deposit to a third party, although there is no market for such deposits. A fund will not invest in fixed time deposits, that (1) are not subject to prepayment or (2) provide for withdrawal penalties upon prepayment (other than overnight deposits) if, in the aggregate, more than 15% of its net assets would be invested in such deposits, repurchase agreements maturing in more than seven days and other illiquid assets.
Promissory Notes (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF. Permissible non-principal investments for each other fund) are written agreements committing the maker or issuer to pay the payee a specified amount either on demand or at a fixed date in the future, with or without interest. These are sometimes called negotiable notes or instruments and are subject to credit risk. Bank notes are notes used to represent obligations issued by banks in large denominations.
Mortgage-Backed Securities (MBS) and other Asset-Backed Securities (ABS) (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) may be purchased by the fund. MBS represent participations in mortgage loans, and include pass-through securities, adjustable rate mortgages, collateralized mortgage obligations and stripped MBS. MBS may be issued or guaranteed by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities, such as Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac. MBS may also be issued by private issuers, generally originators and investors in mortgage loans, including savings associations, mortgage banks, commercial banks, and special purpose entities (collectively, “private lenders”). MBS are based on different types of mortgages including those on commercial real estate and residential property. MBS issued by private lenders may be supported by pools of mortgage loans or other MBS that are guaranteed, directly or indirectly, by the U.S. government or one of its agencies or instrumentalities, or they may be issued without any governmental guarantee of the underlying mortgage assets but with some form of credit enhancement. To the extent that a fund invests in MBS issued by private lenders, such securities may be issued in the form of several tranches. Depending on their respective seniority, individual tranches are subject to increased (and sometimes different) credit, prepayment and liquidity and valuation risks as compared to other tranches. These securities are often subject to greater credit, prepayment and liquidity and valuation risks than an MBS issued by a U.S. government agency or instrumentality. The investment adviser will consider the creditworthiness of the guarantee providers and/or credit enhancement providers in determining whether a MBS issued by a private lender meets the fund’s investment quality standards. There can be no guarantee that the enhancement provider or guarantor of a MBS can meet their obligations under the enhancement or guarantee arrangements.
The average life of a MBS is likely to be substantially shorter than the original maturity of the mortgages underlying the securities. Scheduled payments and prepayments of principal by mortgagors and mortgage foreclosures will usually result in the return of the greater part of principal investment long before the maturity of the mortgages in the pool.
The National Housing Act authorized Ginnie Mae to guarantee the timely payment of principal and interest on securities backed by a pool of mortgages insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) or guaranteed by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. The Ginnie Mae guarantee is backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Ginnie Mae is also empowered to borrow without limitation from the U.S. Treasury if necessary to make any payments required under its guarantee.
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Freddie Mac was created in 1970 to promote development of a nationwide secondary market in conventional residential mortgages. Fannie Mae was established in 1938 to create a secondary market in mortgages the FHA insures. Securities issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
For more information on securities issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, see “U.S. Government Securities.” On June 3, 2019, under the “Single Security Initiative” undertaken by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) seeking to maximize the liquidity of both Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac MBS in the “to-be-announced” (TBA) market, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are expected to start issuing uniform MBS (UMBS) in place of their current offerings of TBA-eligible MBS. The effects of the issuance of UMBS on the market for MBS and on a fund’s ability to invest in UMBS are uncertain.
Asset-backed Securities (ABS) have structural characteristics similar to MBS. ABS represent direct or indirect participation in assets such as automobile loans, credit card receivables, trade receivables, home equity loans (which sometimes are categorized as MBS) or other financial assets. Therefore, repayment depends largely on the cash flows generated by the assets backing the securities. The credit quality of most ABS depends primarily on the credit quality of the assets underlying such securities, how well the entity issuing the security is insulated from the credit risk of the originator or any other affiliated entities, and the amount and quality of any credit enhancement of the securities. Payments or distributions of principal and interest on ABS may be supported by credit enhancements including letters of credit, an insurance guarantee, reserve funds and overcollateralization. Asset-backed securities also may be debt instruments, which are also known as collateralized obligations and are generally issued as the debt of a special purpose entity, such as a trust, organized solely for the purpose of owning such assets and issuing debt obligations.
Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities (CMBS) include securities that reflect an interest in, and are secured by, mortgage loans on commercial real property. The market for CMBS developed more recently and in terms of total outstanding principal amount of issues is relatively small compared to the market for residential single-family MBS. Many of the risks of investing in CMBS reflect the risks of investing in the real estate securing the underlying mortgage loans. These risks reflect the effects of local and other economic conditions on real estate markets, the ability of tenants to make loan payments, and the ability of a property to attract and retain tenants. CMBS may be less liquid and exhibit greater price volatility than other types of mortgage- or asset-backed securities.
Mortgage Dollar Rolls . (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) The fund may enter into mortgage dollar rolls, in which the fund would sell MBS for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contract to purchase substantially similar securities on a specified future date. While the fund would forego principal and interest paid on the MBS during the roll period, the fund would be compensated by the difference between the current sales price and the lower price for the future purchase as well as by any interest earned on the proceeds of the initial sale. The fund also could be compensated through the receipt of fee income equivalent to a lower forward price. At the time the fund would enter into a mortgage dollar roll, it would set aside permissible liquid assets earmarked or in a segregated account to secure its obligation for the forward commitment to buy MBS. Mortgage dollar roll transactions may be considered a borrowing by the fund.
The mortgage dollar rolls entered into by the fund may be used as transactions in which the fund will maintain an offsetting position in high-quality liquid short-term investments. Since the fund will receive interest on the securities in which it invests the transaction proceeds, such transactions may involve a form of leverage. However, since such securities will be high quality and short duration, the investment adviser believes that such transactions present lower risks to the fund than those associated with other types of leverage. There can be no assurance that the fund’s use of the cash it receives from a mortgage dollar roll will provide a positive return.
Mortgage Pass-Through Securities. (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) The term “U.S. agency mortgage pass-through security” refers to a category of pass-through securities backed by pools of mortgages and issued by one of several U.S. government-sponsored entities, such as Ginnie Mae, Fannie Mae, or Freddie Mac. In the basic mortgage pass-through structure, mortgages with similar issuer, term and coupon characteristics are collected and aggregated into a “pool” consisting of multiple mortgage loans. The pool is assigned a CUSIP number and undivided interests in the pool are traded and sold as pass-through securities. The holder of the security is entitles to a pro rata share of principal and interest payments (including unscheduled prepayments) from the pool of mortgage loans.
An investment in a specific pool of pass-through securities requires an analysis of the specific prepayment risk of mortgages within the covered pool (since mortgagors typically have the option to prepay their loans). The level of prepayments on a pool of mortgage securities is difficult to predict and can impact the subsequent cash flows, value and yield of the mortgage pool. In addition, when trading specific mortgage pools, precise execution, delivery and settlement arrangements must be negotiated for each transaction. These factors combine to make trading in mortgage pools somewhat cumbersome relative to other fund investments.
For these reasons, the fund may seek to obtain exposure to U.S. agency mortgage pass-through securities, in part or in full, through the use of “to-be-announced” or “TBA” transactions. “TBA” refers to a commonly used mechanism for the forward settlement of U.S. agency mortgage pass-through securities, and not to a separate type of mortgage-backed security. Most transactions in the fixed-rate mortgage pass-through securities occur through the use of TBA transactions. TBA transactions are generally conducted in accordance with widely-accepted guidelines that establish commonly observed terms and conditions for execution, settlement and delivery. In a TBA transaction, the buyer and seller decided on general trade parameters, such as agency, settlement date, par amount and price. The actual pools delivered generally are determined two days prior to settlement date. The fund may use TBA transactions in several ways. For example, the fund anticipates that it will regularly enter into TBA agreements and “roll over” such agreements prior to the settlement date stipulated in such agreements. This type of
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TBA transaction is sometimes knows as a “TBA roll”. In a TBA roll, the fund generally will sell the obligation to purchase the pools stipulated in the TBA agreement prior to the stipulated settlement date and will enter into a new TBA agreement for future delivery of pools of mortgage pass-through securities. In addition, the fund may enter into TBA agreements and settle such transactions on the stipulated settlement date by accepting actual receipt or delivery of the pools of mortgage pass-through securities stipulated in the TBA agreement.
Default by or bankruptcy of a counterparty to a TBA transaction would expose the fund to possible loss because of adverse market action, expenses or delays in connection with the purchase or sale of the pools of mortgage pass-through securities specified in the TBA transaction. To help minimize this risk, the fund will enter into TBA transactions only with established counterparties (such as major broker-dealers) and the fund’s investment adviser will monitor the creditworthiness of such counterparties. The fund may also acquire interests in mortgage pools through means other than TBA transactions.
The fund’s use of “TBA rolls” may cause the fund to experience higher portfolio turnover, higher transaction costs and to pay higher capital gains distributions to shareholders, which may be taxable, than if it acquired exposure to mortgage pools through means other than TBA transactions.
The fund intends to invest cash pending settlement of any TBA transactions in U.S. Treasury securities, money market instruments, repurchase agreements, or other high-quality, liquid short-term instruments, including money market funds.
Non-U.S. Issuer Risk. (Principal investments for the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) The fund may invest in U.S. registered, dollar-denominated debt securities of non-U.S. corporations, governments, agencies and supra-national entities to the extent that such securities are included in the fund’s index. Investments in securities of non-U.S. issuers involve additional risks because they are issued by foreign entities, including foreign governments, banks, and corporations. Foreign entities issuing these securities may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. corporations. In addition, there may be less publicly available information about foreign entities. Foreign economic, political and legal developments could have more dramatic effects on the value of foreign securities. For example, conditions within and around foreign countries, such as the possibility of expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political or social instability, diplomatic developments, the imposition of trade sanctions, change of government or war could affect the value of foreign investments. Moreover, individual foreign economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in such respects as growth of gross national product, rate of inflation, capital reinvestment, resource self-sufficiency and balance of payments position.
Securities of non-U.S. issuers typically have less volume and are generally less liquid and more volatile than securities of U.S. companies. There may be difficulties in obtaining or enforcing judgments against foreign issuers as well. Bankruptcy laws in some foreign countries are sometimes biased to the borrowers and against the creditors. These factors and others may increase the risks with respect to the liquidity of the fund, and its ability to meet a large number of shareholder redemption requests.
In addition, a fund’s investments in securities of foreign issuers may be subject to economic sanctions or other government restrictions. These restrictions may negatively impact the value or liquidity of a fund’s investments, and could impair a fund’s ability to meet its investment objective or invest in accordance with its investment strategy. For example, a fund may be prohibited from investing in securities issued by companies subject to such restrictions, which could interfere with the fund’s ability to invest primarily in the securities of its index. In addition, these restrictions may require a fund to freeze its existing investments in certain foreign securities, which would prohibit the fund from buying, selling, receiving or delivering those securities or other financial instruments. As a result, such restrictions may limit a fund’s ability to meet a large number of shareholder redemption requests.
International trade tensions may arise from time to time which could result in trade tariffs, embargos or other restrictions or limitations on trade. The imposition of any actions on trade could trigger a significant reduction in international trade, an oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies or industries which could have a negative impact on a fund’s performance. Events such as these are difficult to predict and may or may not occur in the future.
During the 2008-2009 global financial crisis, financial markets in Europe experienced significant volatility due, in part, to concerns about rising levels of government debt and the prevalence of increased budget deficits. As a result, many economies in the region suffered through prolonged economic downturns. Due to the economic integration of the region, another economic downturn in one European country may have a negative impact on the economies of other European countries. As a fund may hold investments in issuers that are located in Europe or that depend on revenues generated from operations in Europe, any material negative developments in Europe could have a negative impact on the value and liquidity of these investments, which could harm the fund’s performance.
In a 2016 referendum, citizens of the United Kingdom (the UK) voted to withdraw from the European Union (the EU), which caused significant volatility in global financial markets. The UK has formally notified the European Council of its intention to withdraw from the EU (commonly referred to as “Brexit”) by invoking Article 50, which triggered negotiations on the terms of Brexit. There is significant uncertainty regarding the final terms and consequences of Brexit. During this period of uncertainty, the UK and European economies and the broader global economy may experience increased volatility and illiquidity, and companies that conduct a significant amount of business in the UK or Europe may experience lower revenue and/or profit growth, all of which may adversely affect the value of a fund’s or underlying fund’s investments. The Brexit also may cause additional member states to contemplate departing the EU, which would likely perpetuate political and economic instability in the region and cause additional market disruption in global financial markets.
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The fund’s investments in securities of issuers in emerging markets can be considered speculative, and therefore may offer higher potential for gains and losses than investments in developed markets of the world. With respect to an emerging country, there may be a greater potential for nationalization, expropriation or confiscatory taxation, political changes, government regulation, social instability or diplomatic developments (including war) which could affect adversely the economies of such countries or investments in such countries. The economies of developing countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange or currency controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade.
In addition to the risks of investing in emerging market country debt securities, the fund’s investment in government or government-related securities of emerging market countries and restructured debt instruments in emerging markets are subject to special risks, including the inability or unwillingness to repay principal and interest, requests to reschedule or restructure outstanding debt, and requests to extend additional loan amounts. The fund may have limited recourse in the event of default on such debt instruments.
Quality of Fixed Income Investments refers to the quality of the securities purchased by a fund. Securities are considered investment-grade securities if they have been rated by at least one NRSRO in one of the four highest rating categories (within which there may be sub-categories or gradations indicating relative standing) or have been determined to be of equivalent quality by the investment adviser pursuant to procedures adopted by the Board.
Securities Lending of portfolio securities is a common practice in the securities industry. A fund may engage in security lending arrangements. When a fund is lending portfolio securities, the fund may receive cash collateral, and it may invest it in short-term, interest-bearing obligations, including cash collateral funds, but will do so only to the extent that it will not lose the tax treatment available to regulated investment companies. Lending portfolio securities involves risks that the borrower may fail to return the securities or provide additional collateral. Also, voting rights with respect to the loaned securities may pass with the lending of the securities and efforts to call such securities promptly may be unsuccessful, especially for foreign securities. Securities lending involves the risk of loss of rights in, or delay in recovery of, the loaned securities, if the borrower fails to return the security loaned or becomes insolvent. A fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral.
A fund may loan portfolio securities to qualified broker-dealers or other institutional investors provided: (1) the loan is secured continuously by collateral consisting of U.S. government securities, letters of credit, cash or cash equivalents or other permitted instruments maintained on a daily marked-to-market basis in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned; (2) a fund may at any time call the loan and obtain the return of the securities loaned; (3) a fund will receive payments in lieu of any interest or dividends paid on the loaned securities; and (4) the aggregate market value of securities loaned will not at any time exceed one-third of the total assets of a fund, including collateral received from the loan (at market value computed at the time of the loan).
Although voting rights with respect to loaned securities pass to the borrower, the lender retains the right to recall a security (or terminate a loan) for the purpose of exercising the security’s voting rights. Efforts to recall such securities promptly may be unsuccessful, especially for foreign securities or thinly traded securities such as small-cap stocks. In addition, because recalling a security may involve expenses to a fund, it is expected that a fund will do so only where the items being voted upon are, in the judgment of the investment adviser, either material to the economic value of the security or threaten to materially impact the issuer’s corporate governance policies or structure.
To the extent a fund participates in securities lending under the current securities lending agreements with unaffiliated lending agents, costs and expenses, including agent fees, associated with securities lending activities under the securities lending program paid to the unaffiliated lending agents start at 10% of gross lending revenue, with subsequent breakpoints to a low of 7.5%. Any expenses charged by the cash collateral fund are in addition to these fees. All remaining revenue is retained by a fund, as applicable. No portion of the lending revenue is paid to or retained by CSIM or any affiliate of CSIM.
Securities of Other Investment Companies. Investment companies generally offer investors the advantages of diversification and professional investment management, by combining shareholders’ money and investing it in securities such as stocks, bonds and money market instruments. Investment companies include: (1) open-end funds (for example mutual funds or ETFs) that issue and redeem their shares on a continuous basis; (2) closed-end funds that offer a fixed number of shares, and are usually listed on an exchange; (3) UITs that generally offer a fixed number of redeemable shares; and (4) money market funds that typically seek current income by investing in money market securities (see the section titled “Money Market Securities” for more information). Certain open-end funds, closed-end funds and UITs are traded on exchanges.
To the extent a fund invests, or has invested, in shares of other investment companies during its prior fiscal year, the fund, pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) rules, must disclose any material fees and expenses indirectly incurred by the fund as a result of such investments. These indirect fees and expenses, to the extent incurred, will appear in the fee table of a fund’s prospectus as a separate line item captioned “Acquired Fund Fees and Expenses.”
Investment companies may make investments and use techniques designed to enhance their performance. These may include delayed-delivery and when-issued securities transactions; swap agreements; buying and selling futures contracts, illiquid, and/or restricted securities and repurchase agreements; and borrowing or lending money and/or portfolio securities. The risks of investing in a particular investment company
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will generally reflect the risks of the securities in which it invests and the investment techniques it employs. Also, investment companies charge fees and incur expenses.
The funds may buy securities of other investment companies, including those of foreign issuers and money market funds, in compliance with the requirements of federal law or any SEC exemptive order. A fund may invest in investment companies that are not registered with the SEC or privately placed securities of investment companies (which may or may not be registered), such as unregistered money market funds. Unregistered funds are largely exempt from the regulatory requirements that apply to registered investment companies. As a result, unregistered funds may have a greater ability to make investments, or use investment techniques, that offer a higher potential investment return (for example, leveraging), but which may carry high risk. Unregistered funds, while not regulated by the SEC like registered funds, may be indirectly supervised by the financial institutions (e.g., commercial and investment banks) that may provide them with loans or other sources of capital. Investments in unregistered funds may be difficult to sell, which could cause a fund selling an interest in an unregistered fund to lose money. For example, many hedge funds require their investors to hold their investments for at least one year.
Federal law restricts the ability of one registered investment company to invest in another. As a result, the extent to which a fund may invest in another investment company may be limited. With respect to investments in certain other investment companies (most typically ETFs), the funds may rely on an exemption from the limitations of the 1940 Act granted by the SEC to such other investment companies that restrict the amount of securities of such other underlying funds a fund may hold, provided that certain conditions are met. The conditions requested by the SEC were designed to address certain abuses perceived to be associated with funds of funds, including unnecessary costs (such as sales loads, advisory fees and administrative costs), and undue influence by a fund of funds over the underlying fund. The conditions apply only when a fund and its affiliates in the aggregate own more than 3% of the outstanding shares of any one underlying fund.
Under the terms of the exemptive order, each fund and its affiliates may not control a non-affiliated underlying fund. Under the 1940 Act, any person who owns beneficially, either directly or through one or more controlled companies, more than 25% of the voting securities of a company is assumed to control that company. This limitation is measured at the time the investment is made. The funds do not currently intend to take advantage of this exemptive order because the funds are not “funds of funds.”
U.S. Government Securities are issued by the U.S. Treasury or issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any of its agencies or instrumentalities. Not all U.S. government securities are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Some U.S. government securities, such as those issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac, the Student Loan Marketing Association (Sallie Mae) and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLB), are supported by a line of credit the issuing entity has with the U.S. Treasury. Securities issued by other issuers are supported solely by the credit of the issuing agency or instrumentality such as obligations issued by the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation. There can be no assurance that the U.S. government will provide financial support to U.S. government securities of its agencies and instrumentalities if it is not obligated to do so under law. U.S. government securities, including U.S. Treasury securities, are among the safest securities, however, not unlike other debt securities, they are still sensitive to interest rate changes, which will cause their yields and prices to fluctuate.
On September 7, 2008, the U.S. Treasury announced a federal takeover of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, placing the two federal instrumentalities in conservatorship. Under the takeover, the U.S. Treasury agreed to acquire $1 billion of senior preferred stock of each instrumentality and obtained warrants for the purchase of common stock of each instrumentality. Under these Senior Preferred Stock Purchase Agreements (SPAs), the U.S. Treasury has pledged to provide up to $100 billion per instrumentality as needed, including the contribution of cash capital to the instrumentalities in the event their liabilities exceed their assets. On May 6, 2009, the U.S. Treasury increased its maximum commitment to each instrumentality under the SPAs to $200 billion per instrumentality. On December 24, 2009, the U.S. Treasury further amended the SPAs to allow the cap on the U.S. Treasury’s funding commitment to increase as necessary to accommodate any cumulative reduction in Fannie Mae’s and Freddie Mac’s net worth through the end of 2012. On August 17, 2012, the U.S. Treasury announced that it was again amending the SPAs to terminate the requirement that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac each pay a 10% dividend annually on all amounts received under the funding commitment. Instead, they will transfer to the U.S. Treasury on a quarterly basis all profits earned during a quarter that exceed a capital reserve amount of $3 billion. The new amendment is designed to put Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac in a better position to service their debt because Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac no longer have to borrow from the U.S. Treasury to make fixed dividend payments. Under the new arrangement, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac are required to reduce their investment portfolios over time.
The actions of the U.S. Treasury are intended to ensure that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac maintain a positive net worth and meet their financial obligations preventing mandatory triggering of receivership. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Treasury initiatives will be successful. The future for Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac remains uncertain. The U.S. Congress continues to evaluate proposals to reduce the U.S. government’s role in the mortgage market and to wind down, restructure, consolidate, or privatize Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. Should the federal government adopt any such proposal, the value of a fund’s investments in securities issued by Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac would be impacted. Although the risk of default with U.S. government securities is considered unlikely, any default on the part of a portfolio investment could cause a fund’s share price or yield to fall.
The risk of default may be heightened when there is uncertainty relating to negotiations in the U.S. Congress over increasing the statutory debt ceiling. If the U.S. Congress is unable to negotiate an increase to the statutory debt ceiling, the U.S. government may default on certain U.S. government securities including those held by a fund, which could have an adverse impact on the fund. In recent years, the long-term credit rating of the U.S. government was downgraded by a major rating agency as a result of concern about the U.S. government’s budget deficit and
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rising debt burden. Similar downgrades in the future could increase volatility in domestic and foreign financial markets, result in higher interest rates, lower prices of U.S. Treasury securities and increase the costs of different kinds of debt. Although remote, it is at least theoretically possible that under certain scenarios the U.S. government could default on its debt, including U.S. Treasury securities.
In accordance with recommendations made by the Treasury Market Practices Group, to the extent the funds enter into transactions involving U.S. Treasury securities, agency debt instruments issued by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and the Federal Home Loans Banks, and agency-pass-through MBS issued or guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac and Ginnie Mae, the funds may pay “fails charges” to or be owed “fails charges” from a counterparty, in connection with certain trade settlement charges.
Non-Principal Investment Strategies
The following investments may be used as part of each fund’s non-principal investment strategy:
Borrowing. A fund may borrow money from banks or through the Schwab Funds interfund borrowing and lending facility (as described below) for any purpose in an amount up to 1/3 of the fund’s total assets (not including temporary borrowings). A fund may also borrow for temporary or emergency purposes; for example, a fund may borrow at times to meet redemption requests rather than sell portfolio securities to raise the necessary cash. A borrowing is presumed to be for temporary or emergency purposes if it is (a) not in excess of 5% of a fund’s total assets; (b) repaid by a fund within 60 days; and (c) not extended or renewed. Provisions of the 1940 Act, require the funds to maintain continuous asset coverage (that is, total assets including borrowings, less liabilities exclusive of borrowings) of 300% of the amount borrowed, with an exception for temporary borrowings. If the 300% asset coverage should decline as a result of market fluctuations or other reasons, the funds may be required to sell some of its portfolio holdings within three days (not including Sundays and holidays) to reduce the debt and restore the 300% asset coverage, even though it may be disadvantageous from an investment standpoint to sell securities at that time.
A fund’s borrowings will be subject to interest costs. Borrowing can also involve leveraging when securities are purchased with the borrowed money. Leveraging creates interest expenses that can exceed the income from the assets purchased with the borrowed money. In addition, leveraging may magnify changes in the net asset value of a fund’s shares and in its portfolio yield. A fund will earmark or segregate assets to cover such borrowings in accordance with positions of the SEC. If assets used to secure a borrowing decrease in value, a fund may be required to pledge additional collateral to avoid liquidation of those assets.
A fund may also establish lines-of-credit (lines) with certain banks by which it may borrow funds for temporary or emergency purposes. A borrowing is presumed to be for temporary or emergency purposes if it is repaid by a fund within 60 days and is not extended or renewed. A fund may use the lines to meet large or unexpected redemptions that would otherwise force the fund to liquidate securities under circumstances which are unfavorable to the fund’s remaining shareholders. A fund will pay a fee to the bank for using the lines.
Credit and Liquidity Supports or enhancements may be employed by issuers to reduce the credit risk of their securities. Credit supports include letters of credit, insurance and guarantees provided by domestic entities. Liquidity supports include puts, demand features, and lines of credit. Most of these arrangements move the credit risk of an investment from the issuer of the security to the support provider. Changes in the credit quality of a support provider could cause losses to a fund.
Demand Features , which may include guarantees, are used to shorten a security’s effective maturity and/or enhance its creditworthiness. If a demand feature provider were to refuse to permit the feature’s exercise or otherwise terminate its obligations with respect to such feature, however, the security’s effective maturity may be lengthened substantially, and/or its credit quality may be adversely impacted. In either event, a fund may experience an increase in share price volatility. This also could lengthen a fund’s overall average effective maturity.
Capital and Trust Preferred Securities (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) Capital securities are certain subordinated securities. Capital securities generally rank senior to common stock and preferred stock in an issuer’s capital structure, but have a lower security claim than the issuer’s corporate bonds. These securities often have characteristics of both equity and debt securities. Capital securities are typically issued by utilities, industrial companies, insurance companies, banking organizations and other financial institutions and may be rated by NRSROs.
An issuer’s capital securities generally offer higher yields than an issuer’s senior debt securities because they carry more risks. The characteristics of capital securities vary. Some capital securities declare dividends monthly or quarterly instead of making regularly scheduled interest payments. Capital securities that make interest payments may have fixed or variable interest rates. When a capital security provides for periodic adjustments to its interest rate, fluctuations in principal value may be minimized. However, changes in the coupon rate can lag behind changes in market rates, which may adversely affect the fund’s performance. In addition, capital securities have terms to maturity that vary. For example, the term to maturity on a capital security can be in excess of 30 years, or may have no specified maturity date at all. In certain instances, a maturity date may be extended and/or the final payment of principal may be deferred at the issuer’s option (without declaring default) if the issuer experiences financial difficulties. For example, insurance companies issue securities known as surplus notes that permit the insurance company to defer any payment that would reduce its capital below regulatory requirements. Also, payments may be suspended for some stipulated period, usually up to five years. If the issuer defers payments, the deferred income continues to accrue for tax purposes, even though the investor does not receive cash payments. Many capital securities include a “special event” redemption option, allowing the issuer to redeem the securities at the liquidation value if a tax law change disallows the deductibility of payments by the issuer’s parent company, or subjects the issue to taxation separate from the parent company. Capital securities trade on the OTC markets, although they may
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be listed on major exchanges as well. There are various types of capital securities offered in the marketplace that include, but are not limited to, direct subordinate fixed rate capital securities, and trust preferred securities.
Some capital securities may include loss absorption provisions that make the securities more like equity securities. This is particularly true of securities issued by financial companies. Events in global financial markets in recent periods have caused regulators to review the function and structure of capital securities more closely. This may cause loss absorption provisions to become much more prevalent.
In one version of a capital security with loss absorption characteristics, the liquidation value of the security may be adjusted downward to below the original par value under certain circumstances. This may occur, for instance, in the event that business losses have eroded capital to a substantial extent. The write down of the par value would occur automatically and would not entitle the holders to seek bankruptcy of the issuer. Such securities may provide for circumstances under which the liquidation value may be adjusted back up to par value, such as an improvement in capitalization and/or earnings.
Bank capital securities are issued by banking organizations to help fulfill their regulatory capital requirements. Bank capital is generally, but not always, of investment grade quality. A bank capital security has to adhere to supervisory guidelines concerning its characteristics such as amount, maturity, subordination and deferral language in order to count as capital. Recent regulatory changes may impact the demand for certain bank capital securities, including, in particular, bank capital securities that are trust preferred securities. Capital securities may be subject to additional changes in regulations and there can be no assurance that the current regulatory treatment of capital securities will continue.
Trust preferred securities are issued by a special purpose trust subsidiary backed by subordinated debt of the corporate parent. Holders of the trust preferred securities have limited voting rights to control the activities of the trust and no voting rights with respect to the parent company. Trust preferred securities have characteristics similar to other capital securities, such as maturity dates, at times in excess of 30 years, or no specified maturity date. Dividend payments of the trust preferred securities generally coincide with interest payments on the underlying subordinated debt. Trust preferred securities may have a yield advantage over traditional preferred stocks, but unlike preferred stocks, distributions are treated as interest rather than dividends for federal income tax purposes.
Trust preferred securities are subject to unique risks, which include the fact that dividend payments will only be paid if interest payments on the underlying obligations are made. In turn, interest payments on the underlying obligations are dependent on the financial condition of the parent corporation and may be deferred as noted above for up to five years. There is also the risk that the underlying obligations, and thus the trust preferred securities, may be prepaid after a stated call date or as a result of certain tax or regulatory events, resulting in a lower yield to maturity. The price of trust preferred securities may fluctuate for several reasons including changes in investors’ perception of the financial condition of an issuer, the general condition of the market for trust preferred securities, and when political, regulatory or economic events affecting the issuers occur. Trust preferred securities are also (a) sensitive to interest rate fluctuations, as the cost of capital rises and borrowing costs increase in a rising interest rate environment, and (b) subject to the risk that they may be called for redemption in a falling interest rate environment. Recent regulations require banking organizations to phase out trust preferred securities under certain circumstances. As a result, the fund’s ability to invest in trust preferred securities may be limited in the future.
Capital or trust preferred securities in which the fund may invest will be denominated in U.S. dollars.
High-Yield Bonds (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) The fund generally will not invest in debt securities rated below investment-grade, which are sometimes referred to as high-yield bonds or “junk bonds.” However, the fund may purchase and hold high-yield bonds to the extent that the securities are included in the fund’s benchmark index and may continue to hold high-yield bonds that were investment grade bonds and included in the index at the time of acquisition, but which were subsequently downgraded and removed from the index, if the adviser determines that holding such securities is in the best interests of the fund.
High-yield bonds are frequently issued by companies without long track records of sales and earnings, or by those of questionable credit strength, and are more speculative and volatile (though typically higher yielding) than investment grade bonds. Adverse economic developments could disrupt the market for high-yield securities, and severely affect the ability of issuers, especially highly-leveraged issuers, to service their debt obligations or to repay their obligations upon maturity.
Also, the secondary market for high-yield securities at times may not be as liquid as the secondary market for higher-quality debt securities. As a result, the investment adviser could find it difficult to sell these securities or experience difficulty in valuing certain high-yield securities at certain times. Prices realized upon the sale of such lower rated securities, under these circumstances, may be less than the prices at which the fund purchased them.
High-yield securities are more likely to react to developments affecting interest rates and market and credit risk than are more highly rated securities, which primarily react to movements in the general level of interest rates. When economic conditions appear to be deteriorating, medium- to lower-quality debt securities may decline in value more than higher-quality debt securities due to heightened concern over credit quality, regardless of prevailing interest rates. Prices for high-yield securities also could be affected by legislative and regulatory developments. These laws could adversely affect the fund’s net asset value and investment practices, the secondary market value for high-yield securities, the financial condition of issuers of these securities and the value of outstanding high-yield securities.
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Illiquid Securities or Investments means any investment that a fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment. The liquidity of a fund’s investments is monitored under the supervision and direction of the Board. Investments currently not considered liquid include, among others, repurchase agreements not maturing within seven days that are not subject to a demand feature of seven days or less and certain restricted securities. Any investment may become illiquid at times of market dislocation.
Interfund Borrowing and Lending. A fund may borrow money from and/or lend money to other funds/portfolios in the Schwab Funds complex, including traditional mutual funds/portfolios not discussed in this SAI or in the corresponding prospectus. All loans are for temporary or emergency purposes and the interest rates to be charged will be the average of the overnight repurchase agreement rate and the short term bank loan rate. All loans are subject to numerous conditions designed to ensure fair and equitable treatment of all participating funds/portfolios. These conditions include, for example, that a fund’s participation in the credit facility must be consistent with its investment policies and limitations and organizational documents; no fund may lend to another fund through the interfund lending facility if the loan would cause the aggregate outstanding loans through the credit facility to exceed 15% of the lending fund’s current net assets at the time of the loan; and that a fund’s interfund loans to any one fund shall not exceed 5% of the lending fund’s net assets. With respect to the funds discussed in this SAI, a fund lending to another fund may forego gains which could have been made had those assets been invested in securities of its applicable underlying index. The interfund lending facility is subject to the oversight and periodic review of the Board.
Municipal Securities (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) are debt securities issued by municipal issuers. Municipal issuers include states, counties, municipalities, or other political subdivisions, and their agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and public corporations. Municipal issuers may also include issuers located in U.S. territories, commonwealths and possessions and the District of Columbia, including their political subdivisions, agencies, instrumentalities and public corporations. The Bloomberg US Aggregate Bond Index includes taxable municipal securities including Build America Bonds.
Build America Bonds offer an alternative form of financing to state and local governments whose primary means for accessing the capital markets has historically been through the issuance of tax-free municipal bonds. The Build America Bond program allows state and local governments to issue taxable bonds for capital projects and to receive direct federal subsidy payment from the Treasury Department for a portion of their borrowing costs. There are two types of Build America Bonds. The first type of Build America Bond provides a federal subsidy through federal tax credits to investors in the bonds in an amount equal to 35% of the total coupon interest payable by the issuer on taxable governmental bonds (net of the tax credit), which represents a federal subsidy of the state or local governmental issuer equal to approximately 25% of the total return to the investor. The second type provides a federal subsidy through a refundable tax credit paid to state or local governmental issuers by the Treasury Department and the IRS in an amount equal to 35% (or 45% in the case of Recovery Zone Economic Development Bonds) of the total coupon interest payable to investors in these taxable bonds.
Issuance of Build America Bonds ceased on December 31, 2010. Outstanding Build America Bonds will continue to be eligible for the federal interest rate subsidy, which continues for the life of the bonds. The fund may purchase and hold Build America Bonds and other taxable municipal securities to the extent that such bonds are included in the fund’s benchmark index.
Puts are agreements that allow the buyer to sell a security at a specified price and time to the seller or “put provider.” When a fund buys a security with a put feature, losses could occur if the put provider does not perform as agreed. If a put provider fails to honor its commitment upon a fund’s attempt to exercise the put, the fund may have to treat the security’s final maturity as its effective maturity. If that occurs, the security’s price may be negatively impacted, and its sensitivity to interest rate changes may be increased, possibly contributing to increased share price volatility for a fund. This also could lengthen a fund’s overall average effective maturity.
Repurchase Agreements are instruments under which a buyer acquires ownership of certain securities (usually U.S. government securities) from a seller who agrees to repurchase the securities at a mutually agreed-upon time and price, thereby determining the yield during the buyer’s holding period. Any repurchase agreements a fund enters into will involve the fund as the buyer and banks or broker-dealers as sellers. The period of repurchase agreements is usually short, from overnight to one week, although the securities collateralizing a repurchase agreement may have longer maturity dates. Default by the seller might cause a fund to experience a loss or delay in the liquidation of the collateral securing the repurchase agreement. A fund also may incur disposition costs in liquidating the collateral. In the event of a bankruptcy or other default of a repurchase agreement’s seller, a fund might incur expenses in enforcing its rights, and could experience losses, including a decline in the value of the underlying securities and loss of income. Certain repurchase agreements a fund may enter into may or may not be subject to an automatic stay in bankruptcy proceedings. A fund will make payment under a repurchase agreement only upon physical delivery or evidence of book entry transfer of the collateral to the account of its custodian bank. Repurchase agreements are the economic equivalents of loans.
Restricted Securities (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) are securities that are subject to legal restrictions on their sale. Difficulty in selling restricted securities may result in a loss or be costly to the fund. Restricted securities generally can be sold in privately negotiated transactions, pursuant to an exemption from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Securities Act), or in a registered public offering. Where registration is required, the holder of a registered security may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expense and a considerable period may elapse between the time it decides to seek registration and the time it may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the holder might obtain a less favorable price than prevailed when it decided to seek registration of the security. Certain restricted securities, such
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as Section 4(a)(2) commercial paper and Rule 144A securities, may be considered to be liquid if they meet the criteria for liquidity established by the Board. To the extent the fund invests in restricted securities that are deemed liquid, the general level of illiquidity in the fund’s portfolio may be increased if such securities become illiquid.
Sinking Funds (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) may be established by bond issuers to set aside a certain amount of money to cover timely repayment of bondholders’ principal raised through a bond issuance. By creating a sinking fund, the issuer is able to spread repayment of principal to numerous bondholders while reducing reliance on its then current cash flows. A sinking fund also may allow the issuer to annually repurchase certain of its outstanding bonds from the open market or repurchase certain of its bonds at a call price named in a bond’s sinking fund provision. This call provision will allow bonds to be prepaid or called prior to a bond’s maturity.
Variable- and Floating-Rate Debt Securities pay an interest rate, which is adjusted either periodically or at specific intervals or which floats continuously according to a formula or benchmark. Although these structures generally are intended to minimize the fluctuations in value that occur when interest rates rise and fall, some structures may be linked to a benchmark in such a way as to cause greater volatility to the security’s value.
Some variable-rate securities may be combined with a put or demand feature (variable-rate demand securities) that entitles the holder to the right to demand repayment in full or to resell at a specific price and/or time. While the demand feature is intended to reduce credit risks, it is not always unconditional and may be subject to termination if the issuer’s credit rating falls below investment grade or if the issuer fails to make payments on other debt. While most variable-rate demand securities allow a fund to exercise its demand rights at any time, some such securities may only allow a fund to exercise its demand rights at certain times, which reduces the liquidity usually associated with this type of security. A fund could suffer losses in the event that the demand feature provider, usually a bank, fails to meet its obligation to pay the demand.
Variable- and floating-rate debt securities generally are less sensitive to interest rate changes but may decline in value if their interest rates do not rise as much, or as quickly, as interest rates in general. Conversely, floating-rate debt securities will not generally increase in value if interest rates decline. When a fund holds variable- or floating-rate debt securities, a decrease in market interest rates will adversely affect the income received from such securities, which may also impact the net asset value of the fund’s shares.
Certain variable- and floating-rate debt securities are subject to rates that are tied to an interest rate, such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR). On July 27, 2017, the head of the United Kingdom’s (UK) Financial Conduct Authority announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. There remains uncertainty regarding the future utilization of LIBOR and the nature of any replacement rate. Accordingly, the potential effect of a transition away from LIBOR on a fund or the debt securities or other instruments based on LIBOR in which a fund invests cannot yet be determined.
In June 2017, the Alternative Reference Rates Committee, a group of large U.S. banks working with the Federal Reserve, announced a replacement for LIBOR, the Secured Overnight Funding Rate (SOFR). The Federal Reserve Bank of New York began publishing the SOFR in April 2018, which is a broad measure of the cost of overnight borrowing of cash collateralized by Treasury securities. SOFR is intended to serve as a reference rate for U.S. dollar-based debt and derivatives and ultimately reduce the markets’ dependence on LIBOR. Bank working groups and regulators in other countries have suggested other alternatives for their markets, including the Sterling Overnight Interbank Average Rate in the UK.
Zero-Coupon, Step-Coupon and Pay-in-Kind Securities (Non-principal investments of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF only) are debt securities that do not make cash interest payments throughout the period prior to maturity. Zero-coupon and step-coupon securities are sold at a deep discount to their face value. A zero-coupon security pays no interest to its holders during its life. Step-coupon securities are debt securities that, instead of having a fixed coupon for the life of the security, have coupon or interest payments that may increase or decrease to predetermined rates at future dates. Some step-coupon securities are issued with no coupon payments at all during an initial period, and only become interest-bearing at a future date; these securities are sold at a deep discount to their face value. Pay-in-kind securities pay interest through the issuance of additional securities. Because such securities do not pay current cash income, the price of these securities can be volatile when interest rates fluctuate. High-yield securities structured as zero-coupon bonds or pay-in-kind securities tend to be especially volatile as they are especially sensitive to downward pricing pressures from rising interest rates and may require a fund to pay out imputed income without receiving the actual cash delivery. Thus, these types of high yield investments increase the chance that the fund may lose money. While these securities do not pay current cash income, federal income tax law requires the holders of zero-coupon, step-coupon, and pay-in-kind securities to include in income each year the portion of the original issue discount (or deemed discount) and other non-cash income on such securities accruing that year. In order to continue to qualify as a “regulated investment company” or “RIC” under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue Code) and avoid a certain excise tax, the fund may be required to distribute a portion of such discount and income and may be required to dispose of other portfolio securities, which may occur in periods of adverse market prices, in order to generate cash to meet these distribution requirements.
Additional Investment Information
Duration was developed as a more precise alternative to the concept of “maturity.” Traditionally, a debt obligation’s maturity has been used as a proxy for the sensitivity of the security’s price to changes in interest rates (which is the “interest rate risk” or “volatility” of the security). However, maturity measures only the time until a debt obligation provides its final payment, taking no account of the pattern of the security’s payments prior to maturity. In contrast, duration incorporates a bond’s yield, coupon interest payments, final maturity, call and put features and
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prepayment exposure into one measure. Duration is the magnitude of the change in the price of a bond relative to a given change in market interest rates. Duration management is one of the fundamental tools used by the investment adviser.
Duration is a measure of the expected life of a debt obligation on a present value basis. Duration takes the length of the time intervals between the present time and the time that the interest and principal payments are scheduled or, in the case of a callable bond, the time the principal payments are expected to be received, and weights them by the present values of the cash to be received at each future point in time. For debt obligations with interest payments occurring prior to the payment of principal, duration will usually be less than maturity. In general, all else being equal, the lower the stated or coupon rate of the interest of a fixed income security, the higher the duration of the security; conversely, the higher the stated or coupon rate of a fixed income security, the lower the duration of the security.
Holding long futures or call option positions will increase the duration of a fund’s portfolio. Holding short futures or put options will lower the duration of a fund’s portfolio.
A swap agreement on an asset or group of assets may affect the duration of the portfolio depending on the attributes of the swap. For example, if the swap agreement provides a fund with a floating rate of return in exchange for a fixed rate of return, the duration of the fund would be modified to reflect the duration attributes of a similar security that the fund is permitted to buy.
The above discussion provides a general overview of the concept of duration. Application and calculation of duration may be slightly different or become more complex when applied to other types of debt obligations, which may require different assessments to determine and/or calculate duration. For example, for floating- and variable-rate securities the interest rate exposure and duration correspond to the frequency of the coupon reset. For mortgage-backed securities and certain asset-backed securities, calculating duration requires projecting future interest rates and the associated pace of repayment of the underlying instruments. Finally, the duration of the debt obligation may vary over time in response to changes in interest rates and other market factors.
Maturity of Investments will generally be determined using a portfolio security’s final maturity date (date on which the final principal payment of a bond is scheduled to be paid); however, for securitized products, such as mortgage-backed securities and certain other asset-backed securities, maturity will be determined on an average life basis (weighted average time to receipt of all principal payments) by the investment adviser. Because pre-payment rates of individual mortgage pools vary widely, the average life of a particular pool cannot be predicted precisely. For securities with embedded demand features, such as puts or calls, either the demand date or the final maturity date will be used depending on interest rates, yields and other market conditions. The average portfolio maturity of a fund is dollar-weighted based upon the market value of a fund’s securities at the time of the calculation.
Investment Limitations
The investment limitations below may be changed only by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of the applicable fund. Under the 1940 Act, a “vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities” of a fund means the affirmative vote of the lesser of (1) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of a fund or (2) 67% or more of the shares present at a shareholders meeting if more than 50% of the outstanding shares are represented at the meeting in person or by proxy.
Each fund may not:
(1) Purchase securities of an issuer, except as consistent with the maintenance of its status as an open-end diversified company under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
(2) Concentrate investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as concentration is defined under the 1940 Act, the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time, except that each fund may concentrate its investments to approximately the same extent that the index the fund is designed to track concentrates in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries and each fund may invest without limitation in (a) securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, and (b) tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions.
(3) Purchase or sell commodities, commodities contracts or real estate, lend or borrow money, issue senior securities, underwrite securities issued by others, or pledge, mortgage or hypothecate any of its assets, except as permitted or not prohibited by the 1940 Act or the rules or regulations thereunder or any exemption therefrom, as such statute, rules or regulations may be amended or interpreted from time to time.
The following descriptions of the 1940 Act may assist investors in understanding the above policies and restrictions.
Borrowing. The 1940 Act restricts an investment company from borrowing (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in excess of 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings). Transactions that are fully collateralized in a manner that does not involve the prohibited issuance of a “senior security” within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act, shall not be regarded as borrowings for the purposes of a fund’s investment restriction.
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Concentration. The SEC has defined concentration as investing 25% or more of an investment company’s total assets in an industry or group of industries, with certain exceptions such as with respect to investments in obligations issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or its agencies and instrumentalities, or tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions.
Diversification. Under the 1940 Act and the rules, regulations and interpretations thereunder, a “diversified company,” as to 75% of its total assets, may not purchase securities of any issuer (other than obligations of, or guaranteed by, the U.S. government or its agencies, or instrumentalities or securities of other investment companies) if, as a result, more than 5% of its total assets would be invested in the securities of such issuer, or more than 10% of the issuer’s voting securities would be held by a fund.
Lending. Under the 1940 Act, an investment company may only make loans if expressly permitted by its investment policies.
Real Estate. The 1940 Act does not directly restrict an investment company’s ability to invest in real estate, but does require that every investment company have the fundamental investment policy governing such investments. Each fund has adopted the fundamental policy that would permit direct investment in real estate. However, each fund has a non-fundamental investment limitation that prohibits it from investing directly in real estate. This non-fundamental policy may be changed only by vote of a fund’s Board.
Senior Securities. Senior securities may include any obligation or instrument issued by an investment company evidencing indebtedness. The 1940 Act generally prohibits a fund from issuing senior securities, although it provides allowances for certain borrowings and certain other investments, such as short sales, reverse repurchase agreements, and firm commitment agreements, when such investments are “covered” or with appropriate earmarking or segregation of assets to cover such obligations.
Underwriting. Under the 1940 Act, underwriting securities involves an investment company purchasing securities directly from an issuer for the purpose of selling (distributing) them or participating in any such activity either directly or indirectly. Under the 1940 Act, a diversified fund may not make any commitment as underwriter, if immediately thereafter the amount of its outstanding underwriting commitments, plus the value of its investments in securities of issuers (other than investment companies) of which it owns more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities, exceeds 25% of the value of its total assets.
The following are non-fundamental investment policies and restrictions, and may be changed by the Board.
Each fund may not:
(1) Invest more than 15% of its net assets in illiquid securities.
(2) Sell securities short unless it owns the security or the right to obtain the security or equivalent securities, or unless it covers such short sale as required by current SEC rules and interpretations (transactions in futures contracts, options and other derivative instruments are not considered selling securities short).
(3) Purchase securities on margin, except such short term credits as may be necessary for the clearance of purchases and sales of securities and provided that margin deposits in connection with futures contracts, options on futures or other derivative instruments shall not constitute purchasing securities on margin.
(4) Borrow money, except that each fund (a) may borrow money from banks or through an interfund lending facility, if any, and engage in reverse repurchase agreements with any party provided that such borrowings and reverse repurchase agreements in combination do not exceed 33 1/3% of its total assets, including the amount borrowed (not including temporary or emergency borrowings not exceeding 5% of the fund’s total assets); and (b) may borrow an additional amount up to 5% of its assets for temporary or emergency purposes.
(5) Lend any security or make any other loan if, as a result, more than 33 1/3% of its total assets would be lent to other parties (this restriction does not apply to purchases of debt securities or repurchase agreements).
(6) Purchase securities (other than securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities or tax-exempt obligations of state or municipal governments and their political subdivisions) if, as a result of such purchase, 25% or more of the value of its total assets would be invested in any industry or group of industries except that each fund may concentrate its investments to approximately the same extent that the index the fund is designed to track concentrates in the securities of a particular industry or group of industries).
(7) Purchase or sell physical commodities or commodity contracts based on physical commodities or invest in unmarketable interests in real estate limited partnerships or invest directly in real estate. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing policy does not prevent a fund from, among other things, (i) purchasing marketable securities of companies that deal in real estate or interests therein (including REITs); (ii) purchasing marketable securities of companies that deal in physical commodities or interests therein; and (iii) purchasing, selling and entering into futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of securities, interest rates and currencies), options on futures contracts (including futures contracts on indices of securities, interest rates and currencies), warrants, swaps, forward contracts, foreign currency spot and forward contracts or other derivative instruments.
Policies and investment limitations that state a maximum percentage of assets that may be invested in a security or other asset, or that set forth a quality standard shall be measured immediately after and as a result of a fund’s acquisition of such security or asset, unless otherwise noted. Except with respect to limitations on borrowing and futures and option contracts, any subsequent change in total assets or net assets, as
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applicable, or other circumstances does not require a fund to sell an investment if it could not then make the same investment. With respect to the limitation on illiquid securities, in the event that a subsequent change in net assets or other circumstances cause a fund to exceed its limitation, a fund will take steps to bring the aggregate amount of illiquid instruments back within the limitations as soon as reasonably practicable.
Continuous Offering
The funds offer and issue shares at their net asset value per share (NAV) only in aggregations of a specified number of shares (Creation Units). The method by which Creation Units are created and trade may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the funds on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act, may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner that could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the funds’ distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares, and sells such shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, generally are required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(a)(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to shares of a fund are reminded that, pursuant to Rule 153 under the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with the sale on an exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
Management Of The Funds
The funds are overseen by a Board. The trustees are responsible for protecting shareholder interests. The trustees regularly meet to review the investment activities, contractual arrangements and the investment performance of each fund. The trustees met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
Certain trustees are “interested persons.” A trustee is considered an interested person (Interested Trustee) of the Trust under the 1940 Act if he or she is an officer, director, or an employee of CSIM. A trustee also may be considered an interested person of the Trust under the 1940 Act if he or she owns stock of The Charles Schwab Corporation (CSC), a publicly traded company and the parent company of CSIM.
As used herein, the terms “Fund Complex” and “Family of Investment Companies” each refer collectively to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust which, as of April 26, 2019, included 98 funds. As used herein, the term “Schwab Funds” refers collectively to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Schwab Capital Trust; the term “Laudus Funds” refers to Laudus Trust; and the term “Schwab ETFs” refers to Schwab Strategic Trust.
Each of the officers and/or trustees serves in the same capacity, unless otherwise noted, for The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust. The tables below provide information about the trustees and officers for the Trust, which includes the funds in this SAI. The address of each individual listed below is 211 Main Street, San Francisco, California 94105.
Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served 1 )
Principal Occupations
During the Past Five Years
Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen by the Trustee
Other Directorships During
the Past Five Years
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
Robert W. Burns
1959
Trustee
(Trustee of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009; The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Retired/Private Investor (Jan. 2009-present). Formerly, Managing Director, Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC (PIMCO) (investment management firm) and President, PIMCO Funds. 98 None
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served 1 )
Principal Occupations
During the Past Five Years
Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen by the Trustee
Other Directorships During
the Past Five Years
INDEPENDENT TRUSTEES
John F. Cogan
1947
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios since 2008; Laudus Trust since 2010; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Senior Fellow (Oct. 1979-present), The Hoover Institution at Stanford University (public policy think tank); Senior Fellow (2000-present), Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research; Professor of Public Policy (1994-2015), Stanford University. 98 Director (2005-present), Gilead Sciences, Inc.
Nancy F. Heller
1956
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2018)
President and Chairman (2014-2016), TIAA Charitable (financial services); Senior Managing Director (2003-2016), TIAA (financial services). 98 None
Stephen Timothy Kochis
1946
Trustee
(Trustee of Schwab Strategic Trust since 2012; The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2016)
CEO and Owner (May 2012-present), Kochis Global (wealth management consulting). 98 None
David L. Mahoney
1954
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2011; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Private Investor. 98 Director (2003-present), Symantec Corporation

Director (2004-present), Corcept Therapeutics Incorporated

Director (2009-present), Adamas Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Jane P. Moncreiff
1961
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2019)
Chief Investment Officer (2009-2017), CareGroup Healthcare System, Inc. (healthcare). 98 None
Kiran M. Patel
1948
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2011; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Retired. Executive Vice President and General Manager of Small Business Group (Dec. 2008-Sept. 2013), Intuit, Inc. (financial software and services firm for consumers and small businesses). 98 Director (2008-present), KLA-Tencor Corporation
Kimberly S. Patmore
1956
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Consultant (2008-present), Patmore Management Consulting (management consulting). 98 None
Gerald B. Smith
1950
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios since 2000; Laudus Trust since 2010; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2016)
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Founder (Mar. 1990-present), Smith Graham & Co. (investment advisors). 98 Director (2012-present), Eaton
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served 1 )
Principal Occupations
During the Past Five Years
Number of Portfolios
in Fund Complex
Overseen by the Trustee
Other Directorships During
the Past Five Years
INTERESTED TRUSTEES
Walter W. Bettinger II 2
1960
Chairman and Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios since 2008; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009; Laudus Trust since 2010)
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer (Oct. 2008-present), The Charles Schwab Corporation; President and Chief Executive Officer (Oct. 2008-present) and Director (May 2008-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (Apr. 2006-present), Charles Schwab Bank; Director (Nov. 2017-present), Charles Schwab Premier Bank; Director (May 2008-present) and President and Chief Executive Officer (Aug. 2017-present), Schwab Holdings, Inc.; Director (July 2016-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. 98 Director (2008-present), The Charles Schwab Corporation
Jonathan de St. Paer 2
1973
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2019)
Director and Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-present), President (Oct. 2018-present) Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Trustee and Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-present), President (Nov. 2018-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Director (Apr. 2019-present), Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds plc and Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited; Senior Vice President (Apr. 2019-present), Senior Vice President – Strategy and Product Development (CSIM) (Jan. 2014-Mar. 2019), Vice President (Jan. 2009-Dec. 2013), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. 98 None
Joseph R. Martinetto 2
1962
Trustee
(Trustee of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2016)
Chief Operating Officer (Feb. 2018-present) and Senior Executive Vice President (July 2015-Feb. 2018), The Charles Schwab Corporation; Senior Executive Vice President (July 2015-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Chief Financial Officer (July 2015-Aug. 2017) and Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (May 2007-July 2015), The Charles Schwab Corporation and Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (May 2007-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Director (Apr. 2010-present) and Chief Executive Officer (July 2013-Apr. 2015), Charles Schwab Bank; Director (Nov. 2017-present), Charles Schwab Premier Bank; Director (May 2007-present), Chief Financial Officer (May 2007-Aug. 2017), Senior Executive Vice President (Feb. 2016-present), and Executive Vice President (May 2007-Feb. 2016), Schwab Holdings, Inc. 98 None
Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served 3 )
Principal Occupations During the Past Five Years
OFFICERS
Jonathan de St. Paer
1973
President and Chief Executive Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2018)
Director and Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-present), President (Oct. 2018-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Trustee and Chief Executive Officer (Apr. 2019-present), President (Nov. 2018-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Director (Apr. 2019-present), Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds plc and Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited; Senior Vice President (Apr. 2019-present), Senior Vice President – Strategy and Product Development (CSIM) (Jan. 2014-Mar. 2019), Vice President (Jan. 2009-Dec. 2013), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
Mark Fischer
1970
Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2013)
Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer (Jan. 2016-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Assistant Treasurer (Dec. 2013-Dec. 2015), Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds; Assistant Treasurer (Nov. 2013-Dec. 2015), Schwab ETFs; Vice President (Oct. 2013-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Executive Director (Apr. 2011-Sept. 2013), J.P. Morgan Investor Services; Assistant Treasurer (May 2005-Mar. 2011), Massachusetts Financial Service Investment Management.
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Name, Year of Birth, and Position(s) with the Trust
(Term of Office and Length of Time Served 3 )
Principal Occupations During the Past Five Years
OFFICERS
George Pereira
1964
Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios since 2004; Laudus Trust since 2006; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009)
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Nov. 2004-present) and Chief Operating Officer (Jan. 2011-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (Jan. 2016-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer (June 2006-Dec. 2015), Laudus Funds; Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (Nov. 2004-Dec. 2015), Schwab Funds; Treasurer and Principal Financial Officer (Oct. 2009-Dec. 2015), Schwab ETFs; Director (Apr. 2005-present), Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds plc and Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited.
Omar Aguilar
1970
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2011)
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies (Apr. 2011-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies (June 2011-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Head of the Portfolio Management Group and Vice President of Portfolio Management (May 2009-Apr. 2011), Financial Engines, Inc. (investment management firm); Head of Quantitative Equity (July 2004-Jan. 2009), ING Investment Management.
Brett Wander
1961
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2011)
Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income (Apr. 2011-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income (June 2011-present), Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs; Senior Managing Director and Global Head of Active Fixed-Income Strategies (Jan. 2008-Oct. 2010), State Street Global Advisors; Director of Alpha Strategies (Apr. 2006-Jan. 2008), Loomis, Sayles & Company (investment management firm).
David Lekich
1964
Chief Legal Officer and Secretary, Schwab Funds and Schwab ETFs
Vice President and Assistant Clerk, Laudus Funds
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust since 2011)
Senior Vice President (Sept. 2011-present) and Vice President (Mar. 2004-Sept. 2011), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Counsel (Sept. 2011-present) and Vice President (Jan. 2011-Sept. 2011), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Secretary (Apr. 2011-present) and Chief Legal Officer (Dec. 2011-present), Schwab Funds; Vice President and Assistant Clerk (Apr. 2011-present), Laudus Funds; Secretary (May 2011-present) and Chief Legal Officer (Nov. 2011-present), Schwab ETFs.
Catherine MacGregor
1964
Vice President and Assistant Secretary, Schwab Funds and Schwab ETFs
Chief Legal Officer, Vice President and Clerk, Laudus Funds
(Officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust since 2005; Schwab Strategic Trust since 2009)
Vice President (July 2005-present), Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.; Vice President (Sept. 2005-present), Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.; Vice President (Dec. 2005-present) and Chief Legal Officer and Clerk (Mar. 2007-present), Laudus Funds; Vice President (Nov. 2005-present) and Assistant Secretary (June 2007-present), Schwab Funds; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (Oct. 2009-present), Schwab ETFs.
1 Each Trustee shall hold office until the election and qualification of his or her successor, or until he or she dies, resigns or is removed. The retirement policy requires that each independent trustee retire by December 31 of the year in which the Trustee turns 74 or the Trustee’s twentieth year of service as an independent trustee on any trust in the Fund Complex, whichever occurs first.
2 Mr. Bettinger, Mr. de St. Paer and Mr. Martinetto are Interested Trustees. Mr. Bettinger is an Interested Trustee because he owns stock of CSC, the parent company of CSIM, the investment adviser for the trusts in the Fund Complex, is an employee and director of Schwab, the principal underwriter for The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust, and is a director of CSIM. Mr. de St. Paer is an Interested Trustee because he owns stock of CSC and is an employee and director of CSIM. Mr. Martinetto is an Interested Trustee because he owns stock of CSC and is an employee and director of Schwab.
3 The President, Treasurer and Secretary/Clerk hold office until their respective successors are chosen and qualified or until he or she sooner dies, resigns, is removed or becomes disqualified. Each of the other officers serves at the pleasure of the Board.
Board Leadership Structure
The Chairman of the Board, Walter W. Bettinger II, is Chief Executive Officer and a member of the Board of Directors of CSC and an interested person of the Trust as that term is defined in the 1940 Act. The Board is comprised of a super-majority (75 percent) of trustees who are not interested persons of the Trust (i.e., independent trustees). The Trust does not have a single lead independent trustee. There are three primary committees of the Board: the Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee; the Governance Committee; and the Investment Oversight Committee. Each of the Committees is chaired by an independent trustee, and each Committee is comprised solely of independent trustees. The Committee chairs preside at Committee meetings, participate in formulating agendas for those meetings, and coordinate with management to serve as a liaison between the independent trustees and management on matters within the scope of the responsibilities of each Committee as set forth in its Board-approved charter. The Board has determined that this leadership structure is appropriate given the specific characteristics and circumstances of the Trust. The Board made this determination in consideration of, among other things, the fact that the independent trustees of the Trust constitute a super-majority of the Board, the fact that Committee chairs are independent trustees, the number of funds (and classes) overseen by the Board, and the total number of trustees on the Board.
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Board Oversight of Risk Management
Like most investment companies, fund management and its other service providers have responsibility for day-to-day risk management for the funds. The Board’s duties, as part of its risk oversight of the Trust, consist of monitoring risks identified during regular and special reports to the Committees of the Board, as well as regular and special reports to the full Board. In addition to monitoring such risks, the Committees and the Board oversee efforts of fund management and service providers to manage risks to which the funds of the Trust may be exposed. For example, the Investment Oversight Committee meets with portfolio managers and receives regular reports regarding investment risk and credit risk of a fund’s portfolio. The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee meets with the funds’ Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Financial Officer and receives regular reports regarding compliance risks, operational risks and risks related to the valuation and liquidity of portfolio securities. From its review of these reports and discussions with management, each Committee receives information about the material risks of the funds of the Trust and about how management and service providers mitigate those risks, enabling the independent Committee chairs and other independent members of the Committees to discuss these risks with the full Board.
The Board recognizes that not all risks that may affect the funds can be identified nor can processes and controls be developed to eliminate or mitigate the occurrence or effects of certain risks; some risks are simply beyond the reasonable control of the funds, their management, and service providers. Although the risk oversight functions of the Board, and the risk management policies of fund management and fund service providers, are designed to be effective, there is no guarantee that they will eliminate or mitigate all risks. In addition, it may be necessary to bear certain risks (such as investment-related risks) to achieve each fund’s investment objective. As a result of the foregoing and other factors, the funds’ ability to manage risk is subject to significant limitations.
Individual Trustee Qualifications
The Board has concluded that each of the trustees should initially and continue to serve on the Board because of (i) his or her ability to review and understand information about the Trust provided to them by management, to identify and request other information they may deem relevant to the performance of their duties, to question management regarding material factors bearing on the management of the Trust, and to exercise their business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of the Trust’s shareholders and (ii) the trustee’s experience, qualifications, attributes or skills as described below.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Bettinger should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as president and chief executive officer of The Charles Schwab Corporation, his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry, and the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds since 2008, the Schwab ETFs since 2009, and the Laudus Funds since 2010.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Burns should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as managing director of Pacific Investment Management Company, LLC (PIMCO) and president of PIMCO Funds as well as the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab ETFs since 2009, and his experience serving as chair of the Schwab ETFs’ Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee until December 2015.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Cogan should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he has gained serving as a senior fellow and professor of public policy at a university and his former service in government, the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds since 2008 and Laudus Funds since 2010, and his service on other public company boards.
The Board has concluded that Mr. de St. Paer should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained as president of CSIM, the Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs, and as senior vice president of strategy and product development at Charles Schwab & Co., Inc., as well as his knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry and investment management services.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Heller should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience she gained as president of TIAA Charitable and as senior managing director at TIAA, the experience she has gained serving on other non-public company boards and her knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Kochis should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained serving as chair and chief executive officer of Aspiriant, LLC, an advisory firm, as well as his knowledge of and experience in wealth management consulting and the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab ETFs since 2012.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Mahoney should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds since 2011, as co-chief executive officer of a healthcare services company, and his service on other public company boards.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Martinetto should serve as trustee of the Trust because of his experience serving as senior executive vice president and chief financial officer of The Charles Schwab Corporation and Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Moncreiff should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience she gained as chief investment officer of CareGroup Healthcare System, the experience she has gained serving on other non-public company boards and her knowledge of and experience in the financial services industry.
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The Board has concluded that Mr. Patel should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds since 2011, as executive vice president, general manager and chief financial officer of a software company, his service on other public company boards, and his experience serving as chair of the Schwab Funds’ and Laudus Funds’ Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee.
The Board has concluded that Ms. Patmore should serve as trustee of the Trust because of her experience serving as chief financial officer and executive vice president of First Data Payment Business and First Data Corporation, as well as her knowledge of and experience in management consulting.
The Board has concluded that Mr. Smith should serve as trustee of the Trust because of the experience he has gained as managing partner of his own investment advisory firm, the experience he has gained serving as trustee of the Schwab Funds since 2000, as trustee of the Laudus Funds since 2010, his service on other public company boards, and his experience serving as chair of the Schwab Funds’ and Laudus Funds’ Investment Oversight Committee.
Trustee Committees
The Board has established certain committees and adopted Committee charters with respect to those committees, each as described below:
The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee reviews the integrity of the Trust’s financial reporting processes and compliance policies, procedures and processes, and the Trust’s overall system of internal controls. The Audit, Compliance and Valuation Committee also reviews and evaluates the qualifications, independence and performance of the Trust’s independent auditors, and the implementation and operation of the Trust’s valuation policy and procedures. This Committee is comprised of at least three independent trustees and currently has the following members: Kiran M. Patel (Chair), John F. Cogan, Nancy F. Heller and Kimberly S. Patmore. The Committee met four times during the most recent fiscal year.
The Governance Committee reviews and makes recommendations to the Board regarding Trust governance-related matters, including but not limited to Board compensation practices, retirement policies and term limits, Board self-evaluations, the effectiveness and allocation of assignments and functions by the Board, the composition of Committees of the Board, and the training of trustees. The Governance Committee is responsible for selecting and nominating candidates to serve as trustees. The Governance Committee does not have a written policy with respect to consideration of candidates for trustee submitted by shareholders. However, if the Governance Committee determined that it would be in the best interests of the Trust to fill a vacancy on the Board, and a shareholder submitted a candidate for consideration by the Board to fill the vacancy, the Governance Committee would evaluate that candidate in the same manner as it evaluates nominees identified by the Governance Committee. Nominee recommendations may be submitted to the Secretary of the Trust at the Trust’s principal business address. This Committee is comprised of at least three independent trustees and currently has the following members: John F. Cogan (Chair), Stephen Timothy Kochis, David L. Mahoney and Kimberly S. Patmore. The Committee met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
The Investment Oversight Committee reviews the investment activities of the Trust and the performance of the funds’ investment adviser. This Committee is comprised of at least three trustees (at least two-thirds of whom shall be independent trustees) and currently has the following members: Gerald B. Smith (Chair), Robert W. Burns, Stephen Timothy Kochis, David L. Mahoney and Jane P. Moncreiff. The Committee met five times during the most recent fiscal year.
Trustee Compensation
The following table provides trustee compensation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, earned with respect to the funds in this SAI and the Fund Complex. Trustee compensation for the funds is paid by CSIM.
Name of Trustee Aggregate Compensation
from the Funds in this SAI
Pension or Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses
Total Compensation from the Funds
and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees
Interested Trustees
Walter W. Bettinger II None N/A None
Marie A. Chandoha 1 None N/A None
Jonathan de St. Paer 2 None N/A None
Joseph R. Martinetto None N/A None
Independent Trustees
Robert W. Burns $12,054 N/A $302,000
John F. Cogan $12,853 N/A $322,000
Nancy F. Heller 3 $ 7,545 N/A $176,167
Stephen Timothy Kochis $12,054 N/A $302,000
David L. Mahoney $12,054 N/A $302,000
Jane P. Moncreiff 4 None N/A None
Kiran M. Patel $12,853 N/A $322,000
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Name of Trustee Aggregate Compensation
from the Funds in this SAI
Pension or Retirement Benefits
Accrued as Part of Fund Expenses
Total Compensation from the Funds
and Fund Complex Paid to Trustees
Independent Trustees
Kimberly S. Patmore $12,054 N/A $302,000
Charles A. Ruffel 5 $ 5,527 N/A $151,000
Gerald B. Smith $12,853 N/A $322,000
Joseph H. Wender 6 $12,054 N/A $302,000
1 Ms. Chandoha retired from the Board effective March 31, 2019.
2 Mr. de St. Paer joined the Board effective April 1, 2019.
3 Ms. Heller joined the Board effective June 1, 2018.
4 Ms. Moncreiff joined the Board effective January 1, 2019.
5 Mr. Ruffel resigned from the Board effective May 15, 2018.
6
Mr. Wender retired from the Board effective December 31, 2018.
Securities Beneficially Owned by Each Trustee
The following table provides each trustee’s equity ownership of the funds and ownership of all registered investment companies overseen by each trustee in the Family of Investment Companies as of December 31, 2018.
Name of Trustee Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership of the Funds Included in the SAI Aggregate Dollar Range of
Trustee Ownership in the Family
of Investment Companies
Interested Trustees
Walter W. Bettinger II     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $10,001-$50,000
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Jonathan de St. Paer 1     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Joseph R. Martinetto     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Independent Trustees
Robert W. Burns     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF Over $100,000
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
John F. Cogan     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Nancy F. Heller 2     $50,001-$100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
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Name of Trustee Dollar Range of Trustee Ownership of the Funds Included in the SAI Aggregate Dollar Range of
Trustee Ownership in the Family
of Investment Companies
Independent Trustees
Stephen Timothy Kochis     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
David L. Mahoney     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Jane P. Moncreiff 3     None
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Kiran M. Patel     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Kimberly S. Patmore     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Gerald B. Smith     Over $100,000
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
1 Mr. de St. Paer joined the Board effective April 1, 2019.
2 Ms. Heller joined the Board effective June 1, 2018.
3
Ms. Moncreiff joined the Board effective January 1, 2019.
As of December 31, 2018, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned beneficially or of record any securities of CSIM or Schwab, or in a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with CSIM or Schwab.
Code of Ethics
The funds, CSIM and the distributor have adopted Codes of Ethics as required under the 1940 Act. Subject to certain conditions or restrictions, the Codes of Ethics permit the trustees, directors, officers or advisory representatives of the funds or CSIM or the directors or officers of the distributor to buy or sell directly or indirectly securities for their own accounts. This includes securities that may be purchased or held by the funds. Securities transactions by some of these individuals may be subject to prior approval of the investment advisor’s Chief Compliance Officer or alternate. Most securities transactions are subject to quarterly reporting and review requirements.
Control Persons And Principal Holders Of Securities
As of March 29, 2019, the officers and trustees of the Trust, as a group owned, of record or beneficially, less than 1% of the outstanding voting securities of the funds.
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Although the Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares held in the names of DTC participants, as of March 29, 2019, the name and percentage of ownership of each DTC participant that owned of record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a fund were as follows (a shareholder’s or an entity’s address will be listed once at the first mention and not repeated for future entries):
Fund Name and Address Percentage of Ownership
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
61.65%
JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.
383 Madison Ave.
New York, NY 10179
7.86%
National Financial Services LLC
One Destiny Way
Mail Zone: WA1M
Westlake, TX 76262
5.16%
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. 57.67%
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc.
600 Montgomery Street Suite 1800
San Francisco, CA 94111
8.41%
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. 83.07%
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. 71.98%
Charles Schwab Bank
SIA Omnibus Account
FBO Retirement Plan Clients
211 Main Street
San Francisco, CA 94105
8.36% 1
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co.
140 Broadway
New York, NY 10005-1101
5.92%
1 These shares are held within the Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. account listed elsewhere in the table.
Persons who own of record or beneficially more than 25% of a fund’s outstanding voting securities may be deemed to control the fund within the meaning of the 1940 Act. Shareholders controlling a fund could have the ability to vote a majority of the shares of the fund on any matter requiring the approval of shareholders of the fund.
Investment Advisory and Other Services
Investment Adviser
CSIM, a wholly owned subsidiary of CSC, 211 Main Street, San Francisco, California 94105, serves as the funds’ investment adviser pursuant to an Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement (Advisory Agreement) between it and the Trust. Charles R. Schwab is the founder, Chairman and Director of CSC. As a result of his ownership of and interests in CSC, Mr. Schwab may be deemed to be a controlling person of CSIM.
Advisory Agreement
The continuation of a fund’s Advisory Agreement must be specifically approved at least annually (1) by the vote of the trustees or by a vote of the shareholders of the fund, and (2) by the vote of a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the investment advisory agreement or “interested persons” of any party (independent trustees), cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on such approval.
Each year, the Board calls and holds a meeting to decide whether to renew the Advisory Agreement between the Trust and CSIM with respect to existing funds in the Trust. In preparation for the meeting, the Board requests and reviews a wide variety of materials provided by CSIM, as well as data provided by third parties, and the independent trustees receive advice from counsel to the independent trustees.
As described below, CSIM is entitled to receive a fee from the funds, payable monthly, for its advisory and administrative services to the funds. As compensation for these services, CSIM receives a management fee from the funds, expressed as a percentage of each fund’s average daily net assets.
For the 12 months ended December 31, 2018, these fees were:
Fund Fee
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF 0.05%
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF 0.06%
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF 0.06%
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Fund Fee
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF 0.04%
The following table shows the net investment advisory fees paid by each fund for the past three fiscal years.
Fund 2018 2017 2016
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $2,317,194 $1,154,322 $ 810,250
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1,644,411 $1,082,148 $ 944,914
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1,344,067 $ 592,422 $ 597,927
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF $2,058,950 $1,572,284 $1,359,889
Pursuant to the Advisory Agreement, CSIM pays the operating expenses of the funds, including the cost of transfer agency, custody, fund administration, legal, audit and other services, but excluding taxes, brokerage expenses and extraordinary or non-routine expenses. Prior to March 1, 2017, each fund was responsible for interest expenses.
Distributor
SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the Distributor), 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456, is the principal underwriter and distributor of shares of the funds. The Distributor has entered into an agreement with the Trust pursuant to which it distributes shares of the funds (the Distribution Agreement). The Distributor continually distributes shares of the funds on a best effort basis. The Distributor has no obligation to sell any specific quantity of fund shares. The Distribution Agreement will continue for two years from its effective date and is renewable annually thereafter in accordance with the 1940 Act. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the funds through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the funds’ prospectus. Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the 1934 Act) and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority. The Distributor is not affiliated with the Trust, CSIM, or any stock exchange.
The Distribution Agreement provides that it may be terminated at any time, without the payment of any penalty, on at least sixty (60) days prior written notice to the other party. The Distribution Agreement will terminate automatically in the event of its “assignment” (as defined in the 1940 Act).
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
CSIM and its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers, banks, trust companies, insurance companies, retirement plan service providers, consultants and other financial intermediaries (Intermediaries) for services and expenses incurred in connection with certain activities or services which may educate financial advisors or facilitate, directly or indirectly, investment in the funds and other investment companies advised by CSIM, including the Schwab ETFs. These payments are made by CSIM or its affiliates at their own expense, and not from the assets of the funds. Although a portion of CSIM’s and its affiliates’ revenue comes directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the funds, these payments do not increase the expenses paid by investors for the purchase of fund shares, or the cost of owning a fund.
These payments may relate to educational efforts regarding the funds, or for other activities, such as marketing and/or fund promotion activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, data analytics and support, the development and support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems. In addition, CSIM may make payments to Intermediaries that make shares of the funds available to their customers or otherwise promote the funds, which may include Intermediaries that allow customers to buy and sell fund shares without paying a commission or other transaction charge. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as revenue-sharing or marketing support.
Payments made to Intermediaries may be significant and may cause an Intermediary to make decisions about which investment options it will recommend or make available to its clients or what services to provide for various products based on payments it receives or is eligible to receive. As a result, these payments could create conflicts of interest between an Intermediary and its clients and these financial incentives may cause the Intermediary to recommend the funds over other investments.
As of April 26, 2019, CSIM anticipates that Cambridge Investment Research, Inc., Great-West Life & Annuity Insurance Company, Ladenburg Thalmann Advisor Network LLC, LPL Financial LLC, Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC, Northwestern Mutual Investment Services, LLC and Raymond James Financial Services, Inc. will receive these payments. CSIM may enter into similar agreements with other FINRA member firms (or their affiliates) in the future. In addition to member firms of FINRA, CSIM and its affiliates may also make these payments to certain other financial intermediaries, such as banks, trust companies, insurance companies, and plan administrators and consultants that sell fund shares or provide services to the funds and their shareholders. These firms may not be included in this list. You should ask your financial intermediary if it receives such payments.
CSIM also makes payments to Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (Schwab), for certain administrative, professional and support services provided by Schwab, in its capacity as an affiliated financial intermediary of the funds. These payments reimburse Schwab for its charges, costs and expenses of providing Schwab personnel to perform marketing and sales activities under the direction of CSIM, such as sales lead generation and sales support, assistance with public relations, marketing and/or advertising activities and presentations, educational training programs,
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conferences, and data analytics and support. Payments also are made by CSIM to Schwab for CSIM’s allocated costs of general corporate services provided by Schwab, such as human resources, facilities, project management support and technology.
Transfer Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company (State Street), One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves as the funds’ transfer agent. As part of these services, the firm maintains records pertaining to the sale, redemption and transfer of the funds’ shares.
Custodian and Fund Accountant
State Street, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, serves as custodian and accountant for the funds.
The custodian is responsible for the daily safekeeping of securities and cash held or sold by the funds. The funds’ accountant maintains all books and records related to the funds’ transactions.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC), Three Embarcadero Center, San Francisco, California 94111, audits and reports on the annual financial statements of the funds and reviews certain regulatory reports and each fund’s federal income tax return. PwC also performs other professional, accounting, auditing, tax and advisory services when engaged to do so by the Trust.
Securities Lending Activities
Goldman Sachs Bank USA (d/b/a Goldman Sachs Agency Lending) is the securities lending agent for the Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF, Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF and Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF. The securities lending agent provides services to the funds which include the following: locating borrowers, negotiating the loan terms, monitoring the value of loans and collateral on a daily basis, marking each loan to market on a daily basis, coordinating collateral movements, collecting income, monitoring and processing corporate actions, managing recalls of loaned securities and termination of loans, and recordkeeping.
As of the most recent fiscal year-end, the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF had not entered into a contract with a securities lending agent and no funds were engaged in securities lending.
PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Other Accounts . In addition to the funds, each portfolio manager (collectively referred to as the Portfolio Managers) is responsible for the day-to-day management of certain other accounts, as listed below. The accounts listed below are not subject to a performance-based advisory fee. The information below is provided as of December 31, 2018.
  Registered Investment Companies
(this amount does not include the funds in this SAI)
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles Other Accounts
Name Number of Accounts Total Assets Number of Accounts Total Assets Number of Accounts Total Assets
Matthew Hastings 4 $3,979,445,692 0 $0 0 $0
Steven Hung 3 $3,207,841,034 0 $0 0 $0
Mark McKissick 4 $3,979,445,692 0 $0 0 $0
Alfonso Portillo, Jr. 2 $2,604,486,970 0 $0 0 $0
Conflicts of Interest . A Portfolio Manager’s management of other accounts may give rise to potential conflicts of interest in connection with its management of the funds’ investments, on the one hand, and the investments of the other accounts, on the other. These other accounts include separate accounts and other mutual funds and ETFs advised by CSIM (collectively, the Other Managed Accounts). The Other Managed Accounts might have similar investment objectives as the funds, track the same index the funds track or otherwise hold, purchase, or sell securities that are eligible to be held, purchased, or sold by the funds. While the Portfolio Managers’ management of Other Managed Accounts may give rise to the potential conflicts of interest listed below, CSIM does not believe that the conflicts, if any, are material or, to the extent any such conflicts are material, CSIM believes it has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to manage those conflicts in an appropriate way.
Knowledge of the Timing and Size of Fund Trades . A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of the Portfolio Managers’ day-to-day management of the funds. Because of their positions with the funds, the Portfolio Managers know the size, timing, and possible market impact of fund trades. It is theoretically possible that the Portfolio Managers could use this information to the advantage of the Other Managed Accounts they manage and to the possible detriment of the funds. However, CSIM has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time. Moreover, with respect to an index fund, which seeks to track its benchmark index, much of this information is publicly available. When it is determined to be in the best interest of both accounts, the Portfolio Managers may aggregate trade orders for the Other Managed Accounts, excluding separate accounts, with those of the funds. All aggregated orders are subject to CSIM’s aggregation and allocation policy and procedures, which provide, among other things, that (i) a Portfolio Manager will not aggregate orders unless he or she believes such aggregation is consistent with his or her duty to seek best execution; (ii) no account will
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be favored over any other account; (iii) each account that participates in an aggregated order will participate at the average security price with all transaction costs shared on a pro-rata basis; and (iv) if the aggregated order cannot be executed in full, the partial execution is allocated pro-rata among the participating accounts in accordance with the size of each account’s order.
Investment Opportunities . A potential conflict of interest may arise as a result of each Portfolio Manager’s management of the funds and Other Managed Accounts which, in theory, may allow them to allocate investment opportunities in a way that favors the Other Managed Accounts over the funds, which conflict of interest may be exacerbated to the extent that CSIM or the Portfolio Manager receives, or expect to receive, greater compensation from their management of the Other Managed Accounts than the funds. Notwithstanding this theoretical conflict of interest, it is CSIM’s policy to manage each account based on its investment objectives and related restrictions and, as discussed above, CSIM has adopted policies and procedures reasonably designed to allocate investment opportunities on a fair and equitable basis over time and in a manner consistent with each account’s investment objectives and related restrictions. For example, while the Portfolio Managers may buy for an Other Managed Account securities that differ in identity or quantity from securities bought for a fund or refrain from purchasing securities for an Other Managed Account that they are otherwise buying for a fund in an effort to outperform its specific benchmark, such an approach might not be suitable for the fund given its investment objectives and related restrictions.
Compensation. During the most recent fiscal year, each Portfolio Manager’s compensation consisted of a fixed annual (base) salary and a discretionary bonus. The base salary is determined considering compensation payable for a similar position across the investment management industry and an evaluation of the individual Portfolio Manager’s overall performance such as the Portfolio Manager’s contribution to the investment process, good corporate citizenship, risk management and mitigation, and functioning as an active contributor to the firm’s success. The discretionary bonus is determined in accordance with the CSIM Equity and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager Incentive Plan (the Plan) as follows:
There are two independent funding components for the Plan:
75% of the funding is based on equal weighting of Investment Fund Performance and Risk Management and Mitigation
25% of the funding is based on Corporate results
Investment Fund Performance and Risk Management and Mitigation (75% weight)
Investment Fund Performance:
At the close of the year, each fund’s performance will be determined by its 1-year, 1- and 2-year, or 1- and 3-year percentile standing (based on pre-tax return before expenses) within its designated benchmark, peer group, or category, depending on the strategy of the fund (i.e., whether the fund is passively or actively managed) using standard statistical methods approved by CSIM senior management. Investment Fund Performance measurements may be changed or modified at the discretion of the CSIM President and CSIM Chief Operating Officer. As each participant may manage and/or support a number of funds, there may be several funds considered in arriving at the incentive compensation funding.
Risk Management and Mitigation:
Risk Management and Mitigation will be rated by CSIM’s Chief Investment Officer, CSIM’s Head of Investment Risk, CSIM’s Chief Legal Officer, CSIM’s Chief Compliance Officer and CSIM’s Head of Operations Risk (or individuals with comparable responsibilities). Factors they will consider will include, but are not limited to:
Balancing safety of fund principal with appropriate limits that provide investment flexibility given existing market conditions
Making timely sell recommendations to avoid significant deterioration of value resulting from the weakening condition of the issuer
Escalating operating events and errors for prompt resolution
Identifying largest risks and actively discussing with management
Accurately validating fund information disseminated to the public (e.g., Annual and Semiannual reports, fund fact sheets, fund prospectus)
Executing transactions timely and without material trade errors that result in losses to the funds
Ensuring ongoing compliance with prospectus and investment policy guidelines
Minimizing fund compliance exceptions
Actively following up and resolving compliance exceptions
Corporate Performance (25% weight)
The Corporate Bonus Plan is an annual bonus plan that provides discretionary awards based on the financial performance of CSC during the annual performance period. Quarterly advances may be paid for the first three quarters. Allocations are discretionary and aligned with CSC and individual performance. Funding for the Plan is determined at the conclusion of the calendar year. Funding will be capped at 200% of target.
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At year-end, the full-year funding for both components of the Plan will be pooled together. The total pool is allocated to Plan participants by CSIM senior management based on their assessment of a variety of performance factors.
Factors considered in CSIM senior management’s allocation process will include objective and subjective factors that will take into consideration total performance and will include, but are not limited to:
Fund performance relative to performance measure
Risk management and mitigation
Individual performance against key objectives
Contribution to overall group results
Functioning as an active contributor to the firm’s success
Team work
Collaboration between Analysts and Portfolio Managers
Regulatory/Compliance management
The Portfolio Managers’ compensation is not based on the value of the assets held in a fund’s portfolio.
Ownership of Fund Shares. The following table shows the dollar amount range of the Portfolio Managers’ “beneficial ownership” of shares of the funds they manage as of December 31, 2018. Dollar amount ranges disclosed are established by the SEC. “Beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under the 1934 Act.
Portfolio Manager Fund Dollar Range of Fund Shares Owned
Matthew Hastings Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $1-$10,000
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF $10,001-$50,000
Steven Hung Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Mark McKissick Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF None
Alfonso Portillo, Jr. Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF $1-$10,000
Brokerage Allocation And Other Practices
Portfolio Turnover
For reporting purposes, a fund’s portfolio turnover rate is calculated by dividing the value of purchases or sales of portfolio securities for the fiscal year, whichever is less, by the monthly average value of portfolio securities the fund owned during the fiscal year. When making the calculation, all securities whose maturities at the time of acquisition were one year or less (short-term securities) are excluded. Securities received or delivered in the processing of in-kind creation or redemption baskets are excluded from the calculation.
A 100% portfolio turnover rate would occur, for example, if all portfolio securities (aside from short-term securities) were sold and either repurchased or replaced once during the fiscal year.
Typically, funds with high turnover (such as 100% or more) tend to generate higher capital gains and transaction costs, such as brokerage commissions. The Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF participates in rolling to-be-announced (TBA) transactions on a regular basis as it tracks the portion of the index represented by mortgage-backed securities. This may result in a significantly higher portfolio turnover for the fund than a typical index fund.
The following table shows the portfolio turnover rate for each fund for the past two fiscal years.
Fund 2018 2017
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF 17% 19%
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF 65% 65%
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF 41% 30%
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Fund 2018 2017
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF 1 71% 101%
1 Includes to-be-announced (TBA) transactions.
Portfolio Transactions
The investment adviser makes decisions with respect to the purchase and sale of portfolio securities on behalf of the funds. The investment adviser is responsible for implementing these decisions, including the negotiation of commissions and the allocation of principal business and portfolio brokerage. The funds generally do not incur any commissions or sales charges when they invest in underlying Schwab Funds or Laudus Funds, but they may incur such costs if they invest directly in other types of securities or in unaffiliated funds. Purchases and sales of securities on a stock exchange, including ETF shares, or certain riskless principal transactions placed on NASDAQ are typically effected through brokers who charge a commission for their services. Exchange fees may also apply to transactions effected on an exchange. Purchases and sales of fixed income securities may be transacted with the issuer, the issuer’s underwriter, or a dealer. The funds do not usually pay brokerage commissions on purchases and sales of fixed income securities, although the price of the securities generally includes compensation, in the form of a spread or a mark-up or mark-down, which is not disclosed separately. The prices the funds pay to underwriters of newly-issued securities usually include a commission paid by the issuer to the underwriter. Transactions placed through dealers who are serving as primary market makers reflect the spread between the bid and asked prices. The money market securities in which the funds may invest are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes. It is expected that the cost of executing portfolio securities transactions of the funds will primarily consist of dealer spreads and brokerage commissions.
The investment adviser seeks to obtain the best execution for the funds’ portfolio transactions. The investment adviser may take a number of factors into account in selecting brokers or dealers to execute these transactions. Such factors may include, without limitation, the following: execution price; brokerage commission or dealer spread; size or type of the transaction; nature or character of the markets; clearance or settlement capability; reputation; financial strength and stability of the broker or dealer; efficiency of execution and error resolution; block trading capabilities; willingness to execute related or unrelated difficult transactions in the future; order of call; ability to facilitate short selling; and provision of additional brokerage or research services or products; whether a broker guarantees that a fund will receive, on aggregate, prices at least as favorable as the closing prices on a given day when adherence to “market-on-close” pricing aligns with fund objectives; or whether a broker guarantees that a fund will receive the volume weighted average price (VWAP) for a security for a given trading day (or portion thereof) when the investment adviser believes that VWAP execution is in the fund’s best interest. In addition, the investment adviser may have incentive sharing arrangements with certain unaffiliated brokers who guarantee market-on-close pricing: on a day when such a broker executes transactions at prices better, on aggregate, than market-on-close prices, that broker may receive, in addition to his or her standard commission, a portion of the net difference between the actual execution prices and corresponding market-on-close prices for that day.
The investment adviser may cause the funds to pay a higher commission than otherwise obtainable from other brokers or dealers in return for brokerage or research services or products if the investment adviser believes that such commission is reasonable in relation to the services provided. In addition to agency transactions, the investment adviser may receive brokerage and research services or products in connection with certain riskless principal transactions, in accordance with applicable SEC and other regulatory guidelines. In both instances, these services or products may include: economic, industry, or company research reports or investment recommendations; subscriptions to financial publications or research data compilations; compilations of securities prices, earnings, dividends, and similar data; computerized databases; quotation equipment and services; research or analytical computer software and services; products or services that assist in effecting transactions, including services of third-party computer systems developers directly related to research and brokerage activities; and effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance and settlement). The investment adviser may use research services furnished by brokers or dealers in servicing all fund accounts, and not all services may necessarily be used in connection with the account that paid commissions or spreads to the broker or dealer providing such services.
The investment adviser may receive a service from a broker or dealer that has both a “research” and a “non-research” use. When this occurs, the investment adviser will make a good faith allocation, under all the circumstances, between the research and non-research uses of the service. The percentage of the service that is used for research purposes may be paid for with fund commissions or spreads, while the investment adviser will use its own funds to pay for the percentage of the service that is used for non-research purposes. In making this good faith allocation, the investment adviser faces a potential conflict of interest, but the investment adviser believes that the costs of such services may be appropriately allocated to their anticipated research and non-research uses.
The investment adviser may purchase new issues of securities in a fixed price offering for the funds. In these situations, the seller may be a member of the selling group that will, in addition to selling securities, provide the investment adviser with research services, in accordance with applicable rules and regulations permitting these types of arrangements. Generally, the seller will provide research “credits” in these situations at a rate that is higher than that which is available for typical secondary market transactions. These arrangements may not fall within the safe harbor of Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act.
The investment adviser may place orders directly with electronic communications networks or other alternative trading systems. Placing orders with electronic communications networks or other alternative trading systems may enable the funds to trade directly with other institutional holders. At times, this may allow the funds to trade larger blocks than would be possible trading through a single market maker.
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The investment adviser may aggregate securities sales or purchases among two or more funds. The investment adviser will not aggregate transactions unless it believes such aggregation is consistent with its duty to seek best execution for each affected fund and is consistent with the terms of the investment advisory agreement for such fund. In any single transaction in which purchases and/or sales of securities of any issuer for the account of a fund are aggregated with other accounts managed by the investment adviser, the actual prices applicable to the transaction will be averaged among the accounts for which the transaction is effected, including the account of the fund.
In determining when and to what extent to use Schwab or any other affiliated broker-dealer as its broker for executing orders for the funds on securities exchanges, the investment adviser follows procedures, adopted by the funds’ Board, that are designed to ensure that affiliated brokerage commissions (if relevant) are reasonable and fair in comparison to unaffiliated brokerage commissions for comparable transactions. The Board reviews the procedures annually and approves and reviews transactions involving affiliated brokers quarterly.
Brokerage Commissions
During the last three fiscal years, the funds paid no brokerage commissions.
Regular Broker-Dealers
During the fiscal year, certain of the funds held securities issued by their respective “regular broker-dealers” (as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act), indicated below as of December 31, 2018.
Fund Regular Broker-Dealer Value of Holdings*
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF None N/A
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None N/A
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF None N/A
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF J.P. Morgan Securities LLC $44,294,867
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Inc. $35,032,160
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc. $31,365,215
Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC $27,223,421
Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC $23,040,778
Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC $ 7,964,332
Barclays Capital, Inc. $ 7,649,935
Nomura Securities International, Inc. $ 1,038,900
* Includes securities issued by regular broker-dealer’s parent and affiliates, if any.
Proxy Voting
The Board has delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to CSIM. The trustees have adopted CSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures with respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various Schwab Funds’ portfolios. A description of CSIM’s Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures is included in the Appendix titled “Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures.”
The Trust is required to disclose annually each fund’s complete proxy voting record on Form N-PX. Each fund’s proxy voting record for the most recent 12-month period ended June 30th will be available by visiting the Schwab ETFs’ website at www.schwabfunds.com/schwabetfs_prospectus . A fund’s Form N-PX will also be available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov .
Portfolio Holdings Disclosure
For this section only, the following disclosure relates to The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Strategic Trust and Laudus Trust (collectively, the Trusts) and each series thereunder (each a fund and collectively, the funds).
The Trusts’ Board has approved policies and procedures that govern the timing and circumstances regarding the disclosure of fund portfolio holdings information to shareholders and third parties. These policies and procedures are designed to ensure that disclosure of information regarding the funds’ portfolio securities is in the best interests of fund shareholders, and include procedures to address conflicts between the interests of the funds’ shareholders, on the one hand, and those of the funds’ investment adviser, subadviser (if applicable), principal underwriter or any affiliated person of a fund, its investment adviser, subadviser or principal underwriter, on the other. Pursuant to such procedures, the Board has authorized one of the President, Chief Operating Officer or Chief Financial Officer of the Trusts (in consultation with a fund’s subadviser, if applicable) to authorize the release of the funds’ portfolio holdings prior to regular public disclosure (as outlined in the prospectus and below) or regular public filings, as necessary, in conformity with the foregoing principles.
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The Board exercises on-going oversight of the disclosure of fund portfolio holdings by overseeing the implementation and enforcement of the funds’ policies and procedures by the Chief Compliance Officer and by considering reports and recommendations by the Chief Compliance Officer concerning any material compliance matters. The Board will receive periodic updates, at least annually, regarding entities which were authorized to be provided “early disclosure” of the funds’ portfolio holdings information and will periodically review any agreements that the Trusts have entered into to selectively disclose portfolio holdings.
Portfolio holdings may be made available on a selective basis to ratings agencies, certain industry organizations, consultants and other qualified financial professionals when the appropriate officer of the Trusts determines such disclosure meets the requirements noted above and serves a legitimate business purpose. Agreements entered into with such entities will describe the permitted use of portfolio holdings and provide that, among other customary confidentiality provisions: (i) the portfolio holdings will be kept confidential; (ii) the person will not trade on the basis of any material non-public information; and (iii) the information will be used only for the purpose described in the agreement.
The funds’ service providers including, without limitation, the investment adviser, subadvisers (if applicable), the distributor, the custodian, fund accountant, transfer agent, counsel, auditor, proxy voting service provider, pricing information vendors, trade execution measurement vendors, portfolio management system providers, cloud database providers, securities lending agents, publisher, printer and mailing agent may receive disclosure of portfolio holdings information as frequently as daily in connection with the services they perform for the funds. CSIM, any subadviser to a fund as disclosed in the most current prospectus, Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC, State Street and/or Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., as service providers to the funds, are currently receiving this information on a daily basis. Donnelley Financial Solutions, as a service provider to the funds, is currently receiving this information on a quarterly basis. PwC, the Transfer Agent, and the Distributor, as service providers to the funds, receive this information on an as-needed basis. Service providers are subject to a duty of confidentiality with respect to any portfolio holdings information they receive whether imposed by the confidentiality provisions of the service providers’ agreements with the Trusts or by the nature of its relationship with the Trusts. Although certain of the service providers are not under formal confidentiality obligations in connection with disclosure of portfolio holdings, a fund will not continue to conduct business with a service provider who the fund believes is misusing the disclosed information.
To the extent that a fund invests in an ETF, the Trusts will, when required by the exemptive orders issued by the SEC to ETF sponsors and the procedures adopted by the Board, promptly notify the ETF in writing of any purchase or acquisition of shares of the ETF that causes the fund to hold (i) 5% or more of such ETF’s total outstanding voting securities, and (ii) 10% or more of such ETF’s total outstanding voting securities. In addition, CSIM will, upon causing a fund to acquire more than 3% of an ETF’s outstanding shares, notify the ETF of the investment.
The funds’ policies and procedures prohibit the funds, the funds’ investment adviser or any related party from receiving any compensation or other consideration in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information.
Generally, a complete list of a fund’s portfolio holdings is published on the fund’s website www.schwabfunds.com on the “Prospectus & Reports” tab under “Portfolio Holdings” generally 60-80 days after a fund’s fiscal quarter-end in-line with regulatory filings unless a different timing is outlined in the fund’s prospectus.
Specifically for the Schwab ETFs, each Schwab ETF discloses its portfolio holdings and the percentages the holdings represent of the fund’s net assets at least monthly on the website and as often as each day the fund is open for business. Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units for the Schwab ETFs may be provided to other entities that provided services to the funds in the ordinary course of business after it has been disseminated to the NSCC.
The Schwab Money Funds have an ongoing arrangement to make available information about the funds’ portfolio holdings and information derived from the funds’ portfolio holdings to iMoneyNet, a rating and ranking organization, which is subject to a confidentiality agreement. Under its arrangement with the funds, iMoneyNet, among other things, receives information concerning the funds’ net assets, yields, maturities and portfolio compositions on a weekly basis, subject to a one business day lag.
On the website, the funds also may provide, on a monthly or quarterly basis, information regarding certain attributes of a fund’s portfolio, such as a fund’s top ten holdings, sector weightings, composition, credit quality and duration and maturity, as applicable. This information is generally updated within 5-25 days after the end of the period. This information on the website is publicly available to all categories of persons.
The funds may disclose non-material information including commentary and aggregate information about the characteristics of a fund in connection with or relating to a fund or its portfolio securities to any person if such disclosure is for a legitimate business purpose, such disclosure does not effectively result in the disclosure of the complete portfolio securities of any fund (which can only be disclosed in accordance with the above requirements), and such information does not constitute material non-public information. Such disclosure does not fall within the portfolio securities disclosure requirements outlined above.
Whether the information constitutes material non-public information will be made on a good faith determination, which involves an assessment of the particular facts and circumstances. In most cases, commentary or analysis would be immaterial and would not convey any advantage to a recipient in making a decision concerning a fund. Commentary and analysis include, but are not limited to, the allocation of a fund’s portfolio securities and other investments among various asset classes, sectors, industries, countries or other relevant category, the characteristics of the stock components and other investments of a fund, the attribution of fund returns by asset class, sector, industry, country or other relevant category, and the volatility characteristics of a fund.
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Description Of The Trust
Each fund is a series of Schwab Strategic Trust, an open-end investment management company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on January 27, 2009.
The Declaration of Trust provides for the perpetual existence of the Trust. The Trust may, however, be terminated at any time by vote of at least two-thirds of the outstanding shares of each series of the Trust or by the vote of the trustees.
Shareholders are entitled to one vote for each full share held (with fractional votes for fractional shares held) and will vote (to the extent provided on the Declaration of Trust) in the election of trustees and the termination of the Trust and on other matters submitted to the vote of shareholders. Shareholders will vote by individual series on all matters except (i) when required by the 1940 Act, shares shall be voted in the aggregate and not by individual series and (ii) when the trustees have determined that the matter affects only the interests of one or more series, then only shareholders of such series shall be entitled to vote thereon. Shareholders of one series shall not be entitled to vote on matters exclusively affecting another series, such matters including, without limitation, the adoption of or change in any fundamental policies or restrictions of the other series and the approval of the investment advisory contracts of the other series.
There will normally be no meetings of shareholders for the purpose of electing trustees, except that in accordance with the 1940 Act (i) the Trust will hold a shareholders’ meeting for the election of trustees at such time as less than a majority of the trustees holding office have been elected by shareholders, and (ii) if, as a result of a vacancy in the Board, less than two-thirds of the trustees holding office have been elected by the shareholders, that vacancy may only be filled by a vote of the shareholders. In addition, trustees may be removed from office by a written consent signed by the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares and filed with the Trust’s custodian or by a vote of the holders of two-thirds of the outstanding shares at a meeting duly called for the purpose, which meeting shall be held upon the written request of the holders of not less than 10% of the outstanding shares. Except as set forth above, the trustees shall continue to hold office and may appoint successor trustees. Voting rights are not cumulative.
The Trust may, without shareholder vote, restate, amend or otherwise supplement the Declaration of Trust. Shareholders shall have the right to vote on any amendment that could affect their right to vote, any amendment to the Amendments section, any amendment for which shareholder vote may be required by applicable law or by the Trust’s registration statement filed with the SEC, and on any amendment submitted to them by the trustees.
Any series of the Trust may reorganize or merge with one or more other series of the Trust or another investment company. Any such reorganization or merger shall be pursuant to the terms and conditions specified in an agreement and plan of reorganization authorized and approved by the trustees and entered into by the relevant series in connection therewith. In addition, such reorganization or merger may be authorized by vote of a majority of the trustees then in office and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, without the approval of shareholders of any series.
Shareholders wishing to submit proposals for inclusion in a proxy statement for a future shareholder meeting should send their written submissions to the Trust at 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, Pennsylvania 19456. Proposals must be received a reasonable time in advance of a proxy solicitation to be included. Submission of a proposal does not guarantee inclusion in a proxy statement because proposals must comply with certain federal securities regulations.
Purchase, Redemption And Pricing Of Shares
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
The funds are open each day that the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) is open (Business Days). The NYSE’s trading session is normally conducted from 9:30 a.m. Eastern time until 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, Monday through Friday, although some days, such as in advance of and following holidays, the NYSE’s trading session closes early. The NYSE typically observes the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day. Although it is expected that the same holidays will be observed in the future, the NYSE may modify its holiday schedule or hours of operation at any time. Only orders that are received and deemed acceptable by the Distributor no later than the time specified by the Trust will be executed that day at a fund’s share price calculated that day. On any day that the NYSE closes early, the funds reserve the right to advance the time by which purchase and redemption orders must be received by the Distributor that day to be executed that day at that day’s share price. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the funds reserve the right to treat such day as a Business Day and accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their NAV as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day.
Creation. The Trust issues and sells shares of the funds only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at the NAV next determined after receipt, on any Business Day, for an order received and deemed acceptable by the Distributor.
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of Creation Units of the funds may consist of (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities closely approximating the holdings of a fund (the Deposit Securities), and (ii) an amount of cash denominated in U.S. Dollars (the Cash Component) computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” which represents the minimum initial and subsequent investment amount for a Creation Unit of a fund.
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The funds may accept a basket of money market instruments, or cash that differs from the composition of the published basket. The funds may permit or require the consideration for Creation Units to consist solely of cash. The funds may permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (i.e., a “cash in lieu” amount) to be added to the Cash Component to replace any Deposit Security. For example, the Trust reserves the right to permit or require a “cash in lieu” amount where the delivery of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant (as described below) would be restricted under the securities laws or where the delivery of the Deposit Security to the Authorized Participant would result in the disposition of the Deposit Security by the Authorized Participant becoming restricted under the securities laws, or in certain other situations.
The Cash Component is sometimes also referred to as the “Balancing Amount.” The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the value of the Deposit Securities), the creator will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the value of the Deposit Securities), the creator will receive the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty tax or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
The identity and amount of Deposit Securities and Cash Component for a fund changes as the composition of the fund’s portfolio changes and as rebalancing adjustments and corporate action events are reflected from time to time by CSIM with a view to the investment objective of the fund. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to adjustments to the weighting or composition of the component securities of a fund’s index. The funds also reserve the right to include or remove Deposit Securities from the basket in contemplation of index rebalancing changes.
A fund or its agent, through the NSCC or otherwise, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the NYSE Arca, Inc. Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the current Fund Deposit for the fund. Such Deposit Securities are applicable, subject to any adjustments, in order to effect creations of Creation Units of a fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities is made available.
Procedures for Creation of Creation Units. To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and to create a Creation Unit of a fund, an entity must be a Depository Trust Company (DTC) participant, such as a broker-dealer, bank, trust company, clearing corporation or certain other organization, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC (each a DTC Participant). DTC acts as securities depositary for the shares. The DTC Participant must have executed an agreement with the Distributor with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units (Participant Agreement). A DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement is referred to as an Authorized Participant. Investors should contact the Distributor for the names of Authorized Participants that have signed a Participant Agreement. All shares of a fund, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.
All orders to create shares must be placed for one or more Creation Units. Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement. The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the Transmittal Date. Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Distributor pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, as described below. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure, may impede the ability to reach the Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
On days when the New York Stock Exchange or U.S. bond markets close earlier than normal, a fund may require purchase orders to be placed earlier in the day. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding.
If the Distributor does not receive both the required Deposit Securities and the Cash Component by the specified time on the settlement date, the Trust may cancel or revoke acceptance of such order. Upon written notice to the Distributor, such canceled or revoked order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the then current NAV of a fund. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the settlement date.
Creation Units may be created in advance of receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, the initial deposit will have a value greater than the NAV of the shares on the date the order is placed since, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, plus (ii) at least 110%, which the Trust may change from time to time, of the market value of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the Additional Cash Deposit) with a fund pending delivery of any missing Deposit Securities. The Authorized Participant must deposit with the custodian the appropriate amount of federal funds by 10:00 a.m. New York time (or such other time as specified by the Trust) on the settlement date. If the Distributor does not receive the Additional Cash Deposit in the appropriate amount by such time, then the order may be deemed to be rejected and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to a fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Distributor, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities to the extent necessary to maintain the Additional Cash Deposit with the Trust in an amount at least equal to 110% or 115% as required, which the Trust may change from time to time, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. To the extent that missing Deposit Securities are not received by the specified time on the settlement date, or in the event a marked-to-market payment is not made within one Business Day following notification by the Distributor that such a payment is required, the Trust may use the cash on deposit to purchase the missing Deposit Securities. The Authorized Participant will be liable to the Trust
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for the costs incurred by the Trust in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the transmittal date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Trust will return any unused portion of the Additional Cash Deposit once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by the Distributor or purchased by the Trust and deposited into the Trust. In addition, a transaction fee, as listed below, will be charged in all cases.
Acceptance of Orders for Creation Units. The Trust reserves the absolute right to reject or revoke acceptance of a creation order transmitted to it by the Distributor in respect of a fund. For example, the Trust may reject or revoke acceptance of an order, if (i) the order does not conform to the procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement; (ii) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of a fund; (iii) the Deposit Securities delivered are not as disseminated through the facilities of the NSCC for that date by a fund as described above; (iv) acceptance of the Deposit Securities would have certain adverse tax consequences to a fund; (v) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (vi) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or CSIM, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners; or (vii) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the custodian, the Distributor or CSIM make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. Examples of such circumstances include natural disaster, war, revolution; public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Trust, CSIM, the Distributor, DTC, NSCC, custodian (or sub-custodian) or any other participant in the creation process, and similar extraordinary events. The Distributor shall notify a prospective creator of a Creation Unit and/or the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit of its rejection of the order of such person. The Trust, custodian (or sub-custodian) and the Distributor are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.
Creation/Redemption Transaction Fee. The funds may impose a transaction fee on investors purchasing or redeeming Creation Units. The transaction fee will be limited to amounts that have been determined by CSIM to be appropriate. The purpose of the transaction fee is to protect the existing shareholders of the funds from the dilutive costs associated with the purchase and redemption of Creation Units. With the exception of the Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF, the funds currently do not charge a standard creation or redemption transaction fee, but may do so in the future. Where the funds permit cash creations (or redemptions) or cash in lieu of depositing one or more Deposit Securities, the purchaser (or redeemer) may be assessed an additional variable transaction fee to offset the transaction cost to the funds of buying (or selling) those particular Deposit Securities. Transaction fees may differ for the funds, depending on the transaction expenses related to the funds’ portfolio securities. Every purchaser of a Creation Unit will receive a prospectus that contains disclosure about the transaction fee, including the maximum amount of the additional variable transaction fee charged by each fund. In certain circumstances, the cost of any standard transaction fees and/or variable transaction fees may be waived by a fund when doing so is believed to be in the best interests of the funds. From time to time, the investment adviser may cover the cost of any transaction fees.
The following table shows, as of March 29, 2019, the approximate value of one Creation Unit of the funds and sets forth the standard and additional creation/redemption transaction fee for the funds.
Fund Approximate Value of
One Creation Unit
Standard Creation/Redemption
Transaction Fee
Maximum Additional
Creation Transaction Fee*
Maximum Additional
Redemption Transaction Fee*
Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF $2,750,000 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $2,509,500 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF $2,689,000 $ 0 3.0% 2.0%
Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF $5,188,000 $500 3.0% 2.0%
* As a percentage of the total amount invested or redeemed.
Placement of Redemption Orders. The process to redeem Creation Units works much like the process to purchase Creation Units, but in reverse. Orders to redeem Creation Units of the funds must be delivered through an Authorized Participant. Investors other than Authorized Participants are responsible for making arrangements for a redemption request to be made through an Authorized Participant. Orders must be accompanied or followed by the requisite number of shares of the funds specified in such order, which delivery must be made to the Distributor no later than 10:00 a.m. New York time on the next Business Day following the Transmittal Date. All other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement must be properly followed.
A fund’s securities received on redemption will generally correspond pro rata, to the extent practicable, to the securities in the fund’s portfolio. Fund securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units. An Authorized Participant submitting a redemption request is deemed to represent to the Trust that it (or its client) (i) owns outright or has full legal authority and legal beneficial right to tender for redemption the requisite number of fund shares to be redeemed and can receive the entire proceeds of the redemption, and (ii) the fund shares to be redeemed have not been loaned or pledged to another party nor are they the subject of a repurchase agreement, securities lending agreement or such other arrangement that would preclude the delivery of such fund shares to the
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Trust. The Trust reserves the right to verify these representations at its discretion, but will typically require verification with respect to a redemption request from a fund in connection with higher levels of redemption activity and/or short interest in the fund. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Trust, the redemption request will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Trust.
To the extent contemplated by an Authorized Participant’s agreement, in the event the Authorized Participant has submitted a redemption request but is unable to transfer all or part of the Creation Units to be redeemed to the Distributor, the Distributor will nonetheless accept the redemption request in reliance on the undertaking by the Authorized Participant to deliver the missing shares as soon as possible. Such undertaking shall be secured by the Authorized Participant’s delivery and maintenance of collateral consisting of cash having a value (marked-to-market daily) at least equal to 110%, which CSIM may change from time to time, of the value of the missing shares.
The current procedures for collateralization of missing shares require, among other things, that any cash collateral shall be in the form of U.S. dollars (or, at the discretion of the Trust, non-U.S. currency in an equivalent amount) in immediately-available funds and shall be held by the custodian and marked-to-market daily. The fees of the custodian (and any sub-custodians) in respect of the delivery, maintenance and redelivery of the cash collateral shall be payable by the Authorized Participant. The Trust, on behalf of the funds, is permitted to purchase the missing shares or acquire the Deposit Securities and the Cash Component underlying such shares at any time and will subject the Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such shares, Deposit Securities or Cash Component and the value of the collateral.
If the requisite number of shares of a fund are not delivered on the Transmittal Date as described above, the fund may reject or revoke acceptance of the redemption request. If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the Trust may in its discretion exercise its option to redeem such shares in U.S. cash and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an investor may request a redemption in cash that a fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the investor will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares based on the NAV of shares of a fund next determined after the redemption request is received (minus a redemption transaction fee and additional charge for requested cash redemptions specified above, to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of Fund Securities).
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws and the funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserve the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws.
The funds will not suspend or postpone redemption beyond seven days, except as permitted under Section 22(e) of the 1940 Act or pursuant to exemptive relief obtained by the Trust. Section 22(e) provides that the right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to the funds (1) for any period during which the NYSE is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the NYSE is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal of the shares of a fund’s portfolio securities or determination of its net asset value is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Large Shareholder Redemptions. Certain accounts or Schwab affiliates may from time to time own (beneficially or of record) or control a significant percentage of a fund’s shares. Redemptions by these shareholders of their holdings in a fund, to the extent such redemptions are not executed in the secondary market but rather directly with the fund through an Authorized Participant, may impact the fund’s liquidity and NAV. These redemptions if made in cash, rather than in-kind, may also force a fund to sell securities, which may negatively impact the fund’s brokerage costs. To the extent a fund effects redemptions in cash, this activity could also accelerate the realization of capital gains. Large purchases of shares, if made in cash rather than in-kind, may adversely affect a fund’s performance to the extent that the fund is delayed in investing new cash and is required to maintain a larger cash position than it ordinarily would.
Pricing of Shares
Each business day, the funds calculate their share price, net asset value per share or NAV, as of the close of the NYSE (generally 4:00 p.m. Eastern time). This means that NAVs are calculated using the values of a fund’s portfolio securities as of the close of the NYSE. Such values are required to be determined in one of two ways: securities for which market quotations are readily available are required to be valued at current market value; and securities for which market quotations are not readily available or that the investment adviser deems to be unreliable are required to be valued at fair value using procedures approved by the Board. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extenuating circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, or the NYSE has an unscheduled early closing on a day it has opened for business, the funds reserve the right to treat such day as a business day and accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate their share prices as of the normally scheduled close of regular trading on the NYSE for that day.
To the extent a fund invests in foreign securities, shareholders should be aware that because foreign markets are often open on weekends and other days when the funds are closed, the value of some of a fund’s securities may change on days when it is not possible to buy or sell shares of the fund. The funds use approved pricing sources to provide values for their portfolio securities. Current market values are generally determined by the approved pricing sources as follows: generally, securities traded on stock exchanges, excluding the NASDAQ National Market System, are valued at the last-quoted sales price on the exchange on which such securities are primarily traded (closing values), or, lacking any sales, at the mean between the bid and ask prices; securities traded in the over-the-counter market are generally valued at an evaluated price
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using a mid-price supplied by an approved, independent pricing service. The mid-price is the mean of the bid and ask prices as calculated by the pricing service. Generally, securities listed on the NASDAQ National Market System are valued in accordance with the NASDAQ Official Closing Price. In addition, securities that are primarily traded on foreign exchanges are generally valued at the official closing price or last sales price on the exchange where the securities are primarily traded with these values then translated into U.S. dollars at the current exchange rate. Fixed-income securities normally are valued based on valuations provided by approved pricing sources. Securities may be fair valued pursuant to procedures approved by the funds’ Board when a security is de-listed or its trading is halted or suspended; when a security’s primary pricing source is unable or unwilling to provide a price; when a security’s primary trading market is closed during regular market hours; or when a security’s value is materially affected by events occurring after the close of the security’s primary trading market. The Board regularly reviews fair value determinations made pursuant to the procedures.
NOTE: Transactions in fund shares will be priced at NAV only if you purchase or redeem shares directly from a fund in Creation Units. Fund shares are purchased or sold on a national securities exchange at market prices, which may be higher (premium) or lower (discount) than NAV.
Taxation
Federal Tax Information for the Funds
This discussion of federal income tax consequences is based on the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations issued thereunder as in effect on the date of this SAI. New legislation, as well as administrative changes or court decisions, may significantly change the conclusions expressed herein, and may have a retroactive effect with respect to the transactions contemplated herein.
It is each fund’s policy to qualify for taxation as a “regulated investment company” (RIC) by meeting the requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. By qualifying as a RIC, each fund expects to eliminate or reduce to a nominal amount the federal income tax to which it is subject. If a fund does not qualify as a RIC under the Internal Revenue Code, it will be subject to federal income tax on its net investment income and any net realized capital gains. In addition, each fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make substantial distributions before requalifying as a RIC.
Each fund is treated as a separate entity for federal income tax purposes and is not combined with the Trust’s other funds. Each fund intends to qualify as a RIC so that it will be relieved of federal income tax on that part of its income that is distributed to shareholders. In order to qualify for treatment as a RIC, a fund must, among other requirements, distribute annually to its shareholders at least the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (generally, net investment income plus the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gain over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt income. Among these requirements are the following: (i) at least 90% of a fund’s gross income each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, and gains from the sale or other disposition of stock, securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock or securities or currencies and net income derived from an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership; (ii) at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, at least 50% of the value of its total assets must be represented by cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with such other securities limited, in respect of any one issuer, to an amount that does not exceed 5% of the value of a fund’s assets and that does not represent more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer; and (iii) at the close of each quarter of a fund’s taxable year, not more than 25% of the value of its assets may be invested in securities (other than U.S. government securities or the securities of other RICs) of any one issuer or of two or more issuers and which are engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses if the fund owns at least 20% of the voting power of such issuers, or the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
Certain master limited partnerships may qualify as “qualified publicly traded partnerships” for purposes of the Subchapter M diversification rules described above. To do so, the master limited partnership must satisfy two requirements during the taxable year. First, the interests of such partnership either must be traded on an established securities market or must be readily tradable on a secondary market (or the substantial equivalent thereof). Second, the partnership must meet the 90% gross income requirements for the exception from treatment as a corporation with gross income other than income consisting of dividends, interest, payments with respect to securities loans, or gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock securities or currencies.
The Internal Revenue Code imposes a non-deductible excise tax on RICs that do not distribute in a calendar year (regardless of whether they otherwise have a non-calendar taxable year) an amount equal to 98% of their “ordinary income” (as defined in the Internal Revenue Code) for the calendar year plus 98.2% of their net capital gain for the one-year period ending on October 31 of such calendar year, plus any undistributed amounts from prior years. The non-deductible excise tax is equal to 4% of the deficiency. For the foregoing purposes, a fund is treated as having distributed any amount on which it is subject to income tax for any taxable year ending in such calendar year. A fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate fund investments to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of a fund to satisfy the requirements for qualification as a RIC.
A fund’s transactions in futures contracts, forward contracts, options and certain other investment and hedging activities may be restricted by the Internal Revenue Code and are subject to special tax rules. In a given case, these rules may accelerate income to a fund, defer its losses, cause adjustments in the holding periods of a fund’s assets, convert short-term capital losses into long-term capital losses or otherwise affect
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the character of a fund’s income. These rules could therefore affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Each fund will endeavor to make any available elections pertaining to these transactions in a manner believed to be in the best interest of a fund and its shareholders.
Each fund is required for federal income tax purposes to mark-to-market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses on certain futures contracts as of the end of the year as well as those actually realized during the year. Gain or loss from futures and options contracts on broad-based indexes required to be marked-to-market will be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. Each fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the fund. It is anticipated that any net gain realized from the closing out of futures or options contracts will be considered gain from the sale of securities and therefore will be qualifying income for purposes of the 90% requirement described above. Each fund distributes to shareholders at least annually any net capital gains which have been recognized for federal income tax purposes, including unrealized gains at the end of the fund’s fiscal year on futures or options transactions. Such distributions are combined with distributions of capital gains realized on a fund’s other investments and shareholders are advised on the nature of the distributions.
With respect to investments in zero coupon securities or other securities which are issued with “original issue discount,” a fund will be required to include as part of its current income the imputed interest on such obligations even though the fund has not received any interest payments on such obligations during that period. Because each fund distributes all of its net investment income to its shareholders, a fund may have to sell fund securities to distribute such imputed income which may occur at a time when the adviser would not have chosen to sell such securities and which may result in taxable gain or loss.
Special federal income tax rules apply to the inflation-indexed bonds. Generally, all stated interest on such bonds is taken into income by a fund under its regular method of accounting for interest income. The amount of a positive inflation adjustment, which results in an increase in the inflation-adjusted principal amount of the bond, is treated as OID. The OID is included in a fund’s gross income ratably during the period ending with the maturity of the bond, under the general OID inclusion rules. The amount of a fund’s OID in a taxable year with respect to a bond will increase a fund’s taxable income for such year without a corresponding receipt of cash, until the bond matures. As a result, as noted above, a fund may need to raise cash by selling portfolio investments, which may occur at a time when the adviser would not have chosen to sell such securities and which may result in capital gains to a fund and additional capital gains distributions to fund shareholders. The amount of negative inflation adjustment, which results in a decrease in the inflation-adjusted principal amount of the bond, reduces the amount of interest (including stated interest, OID, and market discount, if any) otherwise includible in a fund’s income with respect to the bond for the taxable year.
Any market discount recognized on a bond is taxable as ordinary income. A market discount bond is a bond acquired in the secondary market at a price below redemption value or adjusted issue price if issued with original issue discount. Absent an election by a fund to include the market discount in income as it accrues, gain on the fund’s disposition of such an obligation will be treated as ordinary income rather than capital gain to the extent of the accrued market discount.
Federal Income Tax Information for Shareholders
The discussion of federal income taxation presented below supplements the discussion in each fund’s prospectus and only summarizes some of the important federal tax considerations generally affecting shareholders of the funds. Accordingly, prospective investors (particularly those not residing or domiciled in the United States) should consult their own tax advisors regarding the consequences of investing in the funds.
Any dividends declared by a fund in October, November or December and paid the following January are treated, for tax purposes, as if they were received by shareholders on December 31 of the year in which they were declared. In general, distributions by a fund of investment company taxable income (including net short-term capital gains), if any, whether received in cash or additional shares, will be taxable to you as ordinary income. It is not expected that any portion of these distributions will be eligible for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders or to be treated as qualified dividend income which is eligible in certain circumstances for reduced maximum tax rates to individuals.
Distributions from net capital gain (if any) that are reported as capital gain dividends are taxable as long-term capital gains without regard to the length of time the shareholder has held shares of a fund. However, if you receive a capital gain dividend with respect to fund shares held for six months or less, any loss on the sale or exchange of those shares shall, to the extent of the capital gain dividend, be treated as a long-term capital loss. The maximum individual rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gains distributions received from a fund and net gains from redemptions or other taxable dispositions of fund shares) of U.S. individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds a threshold amount.
A fund will inform you of the amount of your ordinary income dividends and capital gains distributions, if any, at the time they are paid and will advise you of their tax status for federal income tax purposes, including what portion of the distributions will be qualified dividend income, shortly after the close of each calendar year.
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If a fund makes a distribution to a shareholder in excess of a fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and thereafter, as capital gain. A return of capital is not taxable, but reduces a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares. To the extent that a return of capital distribution exceeds a shareholder’s adjusted basis, the distribution will be treated as gain from the sale of shares. For corporate investors in a fund, dividend distributions a fund reports as dividends received from qualifying domestic corporations will be eligible for the 50% corporate dividends-received deduction to the extent they would qualify if the fund were a regular corporation. Distributions by a fund also may be subject to state, local and foreign taxes, which may differ from the federal income tax treatment described above.
A sale of shares in a fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, the gain or loss on the taxable disposition of shares will be treated as short-term capital gain or loss. The maximum individual tax rate applicable to long-term capital gains is generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gains distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if other substantially identical shares of a fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Under the Regulated Investment Company Modernization Act of 2010, net capital losses incurred by the fund in the taxable years after the effective enactment date, December 22, 2010, will not expire. However, such losses must be utilized prior to the losses incurred in the year preceding enactment. As a result of this ordering rule, pre-enactment capital loss carryforwards may be more likely to expire unused. Post-enactment capital losses arise in fiscal years beginning after the enactment date exclude any elective post-October capital losses deferred during the period from November 1 to the end of the fund’s fiscal year. In addition, post-enactment capital losses that are carried forward will retain their character as either short-term or long-term losses rather than short-term as under previous law.
For taxable years beginning after 2017 and before 2026, non-corporate taxpayers generally may deduct 20% of “qualified business income” derived either directly or through partnerships or S corporations. For this purpose, “qualified business income” generally includes ordinary REIT dividends and income derived from MLP investments. Proposed regulations which may be relied upon pending the issuance of final regulations permit a fund to pass through to non-corporate shareholders the character of ordinary REIT dividends so as to allow such shareholders to claim this deduction. There currently is no mechanism for a fund that invests in MLPs to similarly pass through to non-corporate shareholders the character of income derived from MLP investments. It is uncertain whether future legislation or other guidance will enable the funds to pass through to non-corporate shareholders the ability to claim this deduction with respect to income derived from MLP investments.
An Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time and the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered plus the amount of cash paid for such Creation Units. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
Each fund has the right to reject an order for Creation Units if the purchaser (or group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the fund and if, pursuant to section 351 of the Internal Revenue Code, the respective fund would have a basis in the deposit securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. Each fund also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial Share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination.
Certain tax-exempt shareholders, including qualified pension plans, individual retirement accounts, salary deferral arrangements, 401(k)s, and other tax-exempt entities, generally are exempt from federal income taxation except with respect to their unrelated business taxable income (UBTI). Under current law, each fund generally serves to block UBTI from being realized by their tax-exempt shareholders. However, notwithstanding the foregoing, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a fund where, for example, (i) a fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (REMICs), or (ii) its shares in the fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of section 514(b) of the Internal Revenue Code. Charitable remainder trusts are subject to special rules and should consult their tax advisors. There are no restrictions preventing a fund from holding investments in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, and a fund may do so. The IRS has issued recent guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult with their tax advisors regarding these issues.
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Backup Withholding – Each fund will be required in certain cases to withhold at the applicable withholding rate and remit to the U.S. Treasury the withheld amount of taxable dividends and redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who (1) fails to provide a correct taxpayer identification number certified under penalty of perjury; (2) is subject to withholding by the IRS for failure to properly report all payments of interest or dividends; (3) fails to provide a certified statement that he or she is not subject to “backup withholding;” or (4) fails to provide a certified statement that he or she is a U.S. person (including a U.S. resident alien). Backup withholding is not an additional tax and any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s ultimate U.S. tax liability.
Disclosure for Non-U.S. Shareholders – Foreign shareholders (i.e., nonresident alien individuals and foreign corporations, partnerships, trusts and estates) are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% (or a lower tax treaty rate) on distributions derived from net investment income and short-term capital gains; provided, however, U.S. source interest related dividends and short-term capital gain dividends generally are not subject to U.S. withholding tax if a fund elects to report such dividends in a written notice. Distributions to foreign shareholders of such short-term capital gain, of long-term capital gains, and any gains from the sale or other disposition of shares of a fund, generally are not subject to U.S. taxation, unless the recipient is an individual who either (1) meets the Internal Revenue Code’s definition of “resident alien” or (2) is physically present in the U.S. for 183 days or more per year. Foreign shareholders may also be subject to U.S. estate taxes with respect to shares in a fund. Different tax consequences may result if the foreign shareholder is engaged in a trade or business within the United States. In addition, the tax consequences to a foreign shareholder entitled to claim the benefits of a tax treaty may be different than those described above. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a portion of the income, if any, derived by a fund from investments in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs may be classified as “excess inclusion income.” In respect of foreign shareholders, no exemption or reduction in withholding tax will apply to such excess inclusion income.
The funds are required to withhold U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) on payments of taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to the Funds to enable the Funds to determine whether withholding is required.
Reportable Transactions – Under U.S. Treasury regulations, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder, the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC such as the funds are not excepted. Future guidance may extend the current exception from this reporting requirement to shareholders of most or all RICs. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Shareholders are urged to consult their tax advisors as to the state and local tax rules affecting investments in the funds.
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Appendix – Ratings Of Investment Securities
From time to time, a fund may report the percentage of its assets that fall into the rating categories set forth below, as defined by the ratings agencies.
MOODY’s INVESTORS SERVICE
Global Long-Term Rating Scale
Aaa: Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa: Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A: Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa: Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba: Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B: Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa: Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca: Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C: Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Global Short-Term Rating Scale
P-1: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3: Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
STANDARD & POOR’S FINANCIAL SERVICES LLC
Long-Term Issue Credit Ratings
AAA: An obligation rated ‘AAA’ has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA: An obligation rated ‘AA’ differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is very strong.
A: An obligation rated ‘A’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is still strong.
BBB: An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
BB: An obligation rated ‘BB’ is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
B: An obligation rated ‘B’ is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated ‘BB’, but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor’s capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CCC: An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment, and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
CC: An obligation rated ‘CC’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The ‘CC’ rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C: An obligation rated ‘C’ is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
D: An obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the ‘D’ rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such

 

  payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The ‘D’ rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation’s rating is lowered to ‘D’ if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Short-Term Issue Credit Ratings
A-1: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitment on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3: A short-term obligation rated ‘A-3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation.
FITCH, INC.
Long-Term Ratings Scales
AAA: ‘AAA’ ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: ‘AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A: ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB: ‘BBB’ ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: ‘BB’ ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B: ‘B’ ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC: Default is a real possibility.
CC: Default of some kind appears probable.
C: Default is imminent or inevitable, or the issuer is in standstill. Conditions that are indicative of a ‘C’ category rating for an issuer include:
a. the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation;
b. the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; or
c. Fitch Ratings otherwise believes a condition of ‘RD’ or ‘D’ to be imminent or inevitable, including through the formal announcement of a distressed debt exchange.
RD: ‘RD’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has experienced an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but which has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and which has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include:
a. the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;
b. the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation;
c. the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; or
d. execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.

 

D: ‘D’ ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch Ratings’ opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
Short-Term Ratings
F1: Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added “+” to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2: Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3: The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
DBRS
Long Term Obligations Scale
AAA: Highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is exceptionally high and unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.
AA: Superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered high. Credit quality differs from AAA only to a small degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.
A: Good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is substantial, but of lesser credit quality than AA. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.
BBB: Adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is considered acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.
BB: Speculative, non-investment grade credit quality. The capacity for the payment of financial obligations is uncertain. Vulnerable to future events.
B: Highly speculative credit quality. There is a high level of uncertainty as to the capacity to meet financial obligations.
CCC/CC/C: Very highly speculative credit quality. In danger of defaulting on financial obligations. There is little difference between these three categories, although CC and C ratings are normally applied to obligations that are seen as highly likely to default, or subordinated to obligations rated in the CCC to B range. Obligations in respect of which default has not technically taken place but is considered inevitable may be rated in the C category.
D: When the issuer has filed under any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or winding up statute or there is a failure to satisfy an obligation after the exhaustion of grace periods, a downgrade to D may occur. DBRS may also use SD (Selective Default) in cases where only some securities are impacted, such as the case of a “distressed exchange”. See Default Definition for more information.
Commercial Paper and Short-Term Debt Rating Scale
R-1 (high): Highest credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is exceptionally high. Unlikely to be adversely affected by future events.
R-1 (middle): Superior credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is very high. Differs from R-1 (high) by a relatively modest degree. Unlikely to be significantly vulnerable to future events.
R-1 (low): Good credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is substantial. Overall strength is not as favorable as higher rating categories. May be vulnerable to future events, but qualifying negative factors are considered manageable.
R-2 (high): Upper end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events.
R-2 (middle): Adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events or may be exposed to other factors that could reduce credit quality.
R-2 (low): Lower end of adequate credit quality. The capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due is acceptable. May be vulnerable to future events. A number of challenges are present that could affect the issuer’s ability to meet such obligations.
R-3: Lowest end of adequate credit quality. There is a capacity for the payment of short-term financial obligations as they fall due. May be vulnerable to future events and the certainty of meeting such obligations could be impacted by a variety of developments.

 

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc.
The Charles Schwab Family of Funds
Schwab Investments
Schwab Capital Trust
Schwab Annuity Portfolios
Laudus Trust
Schwab Strategic Trust

PROXY VOTING POLICY AND PROCEDURES
AS OF MARCH, 2019

I. INTRODUCTION
Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (“CSIM”), as an investment adviser, is generally responsible for voting proxies with respect to the securities held in accounts of investment companies and other clients for which it provides discretionary investment management services. CSIM’s Proxy Committee exercises and documents CSIM’s responsibility with regard to voting of client proxies (the “Proxy Committee”). The Proxy Committee is composed of CSIM personnel, including representatives from the Fund Administration, Portfolio Management, and Investment Risk and Oversight departments, with input from other relevant departments. The Proxy Committee reviews these policies periodically. The policies stated in these Proxy Voting Policy and Procedures (the “Proxy Policies”) pertain to all of CSIM’s clients.
The Boards of Trustees (the “Board”) of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, and Schwab Annuity Portfolios (“Schwab Funds”), Laudus Trust (“Laudus Funds”) and Schwab Strategic Trust (“Schwab ETFs”; collectively with the Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds, the “Funds”) have delegated the responsibility for voting proxies to CSIM through their respective investment advisory agreements. The Board has adopted these Proxy Policies with respect to proxies voted on behalf of the various series of the Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds, and Schwab ETFs. CSIM will present amendments to the Board for approval. However, there may be circumstances where the Proxy Committee deems it advisable to amend these Proxy Policies between regular Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs Board meetings. In such cases, the Board will be asked to ratify any changes at its next regular meeting.
To assist CSIM in its responsibility for voting proxies and the overall proxy voting process, CSIM has retained Glass, Lewis & Co., LLC (“Glass Lewis”) as an expert in the proxy voting and corporate governance area. The services provided by Glass Lewis include in-depth research, global issuer analysis, and voting recommendations as well as vote execution, reporting and record keeping. CSIM has also retained Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. to conduct research on certain topics and may retain additional experts in the proxy voting and corporate governance area in the future.
The Proxy Committee has the ultimate responsibility for making the determination of how to vote the shares to seek to maximize the value of that particular holding.
II. PHILOSOPHY
As a leading asset manager, it is CSIM’s responsibility to use its proxy votes to encourage transparency and corporate governance structures that it believes protect or promote shareholder value.
Just as the investors in CSIM’s equity funds generally have a long-term investment horizon, CSIM takes a long-term, measured approach to investment stewardship. CSIM’s client-first philosophy drives all of its efforts, including its approach to decision making. In the investment stewardship context, that unfolds through CSIM’s efforts to appropriately manage risk by encouraging transparency and focusing on those corporate governance structures that will help protect or promote shareholder value.
In general, CSIM believes corporate directors, as the elected representatives of all shareholders, are best positioned to oversee the management of their companies. Accordingly, CSIM typically supports a board of directors’ and management’s recommendations on proxy matters. However, CSIM does not follow these recommendations when it believes doing so would not be in the best interests of shareholders.

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III. PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES
CSIM invests on behalf of its clients in companies domiciled all over the world. Since corporate governance standards and best practices differ by country and jurisdiction, the market context is taken into account in the analysis of proposals. Furthermore, there are instances where CSIM may determine that voting is not in the best interests of its clients (typically due to costs or to trading restrictions) and will refrain from submitting votes.
The Proxy Committee receives and reviews Glass Lewis’ proxy voting policies and procedures (“Glass Lewis’ Proxy Policies”) and evaluates them in light of the long-term best interests of shareholders. CSIM generally utilizes Glass Lewis’ Proxy Policies (which are posted on the Funds’ website) except in instances where Glass Lewis’ Proxy Policies do not align with CSIM’s proxy voting philosophy, in which case CSIM creates a custom voting policy to reflect its views on a given topic.
The following is a summary of key guidelines which are grouped according to types of proposals usually presented to shareholders in proxy statements.
A. DIRECTORS AND AUDITORS
i. Directors
As a starting point, CSIM expects the board to be composed of a majority of independent directors and to be responsive to shareholders. CSIM also expects directors that serve on a company’s nominating, compensation or audit committee to be independent.
Factors that may result in a vote against one or more directors:
The board is not majority independent
The board does not have any female directors and has not provided a reasonable explanation for its lack of gender diversity
Non-independent directors serve on the nominating, compensation or audit committees
Director recently failed to attend at least 75% of meetings or serves on an excessive number of publically traded company boards
Directors approved executive compensation schemes that appear misaligned with shareholders’ interests
Director recently acted in a manner inconsistent with these Proxy Policies or failed to be responsive to concerns of a majority of shareholders
ii. Auditors
CSIM typically supports the ratification of auditors unless CSIM believes that the auditors’ independence may have been compromised.
Factors that may result in a vote against the ratification of auditors:
Audit-related fees are less than half of the total fees paid by the company to the audit firm
A recent material restatement of annual financial statements
A pattern of inaccurate audits or other behavior that may call into question an auditor’s effectiveness
B. BOARD MATTERS
i. Classified Boards
CSIM generally defers to management’s recommendation for classified board proposals unless CSIM has particular concerns regarding the board’s accountability or responsiveness to shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting a shareholder proposal to de-classify a board:
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings

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The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan (a defensive tactic used by a company’s board to fight a hostile takeover, commonly referred to as a Poison Pill) during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
ii. Majority Voting
CSIM generally supports majority voting proposals when they call for plurality voting standards in contested elections.
iii. Cumulative Voting
CSIM typically supports the concept of voting rights being proportional to shareholders’ economic stake in the company. Therefore, CSIM will generally not support cumulative voting proposals unless the company has a controlling shareholder or shareholder group and has plurality voting standards.
iv. Proxy Access
CSIM typically does not support proxy access proposals unless CSIM has particular concerns regarding the board’s accountability or responsiveness to shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting proxy access:
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings
The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
v. Independent Chair
CSIM believes that the board is typically best positioned to determine its leadership structure. Therefore, CSIM will typically not support proposals requiring an independent chair unless CSIM has concerns regarding the board’s accountability or responsiveness to shareholders.
Factors that may result in a vote supporting a shareholder proposal requiring an independent chair:
The company did not implement a shareholder proposal that was passed by shareholders at two previous shareholder meetings
The company nominated directors for election that did not receive a majority of shareholder support at the previous shareholder meeting
The company had material financial statement restatements
The company’s board adopted a Shareholder Rights Plan during the past year and did not submit it to shareholders for approval
C. COMPENSATION
i. Advisory Vote on Executive Compensation and Frequency
CSIM generally supports advisory votes on executive compensation (which are proposed by management and are known as “Say-On-Pay”) when the compensation scheme appears aligned with shareholder economic interests and lacks problematic features.

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Factors that may result in a vote against a company’s Say-On-Pay proposal:
Executive compensation is out of line with industry peers considering the company’s performance over time
Executive compensation plan includes significant guaranteed bonuses or has a low amount of compensation at risk
Executive compensation plan offers excessive perquisites, tax-gross up provisions, or golden parachutes
CSIM typically supports annual advisory votes on executive compensation.
ii. Equity Compensation Plans
CSIM generally supports stock-based compensation plans when they do not overly dilute shareholders by providing participants with excessive awards and lack problematic features.
Factors that may result in a vote against Equity Compensation Plans:
Plan’s total potential dilution appears excessive
Plan’s burn rate appears excessive compared to industry peers
Plan allows for the re-pricing of options without shareholder approval
Plan has an evergreen feature
iii. Employee Stock Purchase Plans
CSIM supports the concept of broad employee participation in a company’s equity. Therefore, CSIM typically supports employee stock purchase plans when the shares can be purchased at 85% or more of the shares’ market value.
iv. Re-price/Exchange Option Plans
CSIM generally only supports management’s proposals to re-price options when the plan excludes senior management and directors, does not excessively dilute shareholders, and the company has not significantly underperformed its industry peers over time.
D. ANTI-TAKEOVER
i. Shareholder Rights Plans
Shareholder Rights Plans constrain a potential acquirer’s ability to buy shares in a company above a certain threshold without the approval of the company’s board of directors. While such a plan may help a company in achieving a higher bid, it may also entrench the incumbent management and board. CSIM believes that shareholders should have the right to approve a Shareholder Rights Plan within a year of its adoption. CSIM generally votes against such plans if they do not have safeguards to protect shareholder interests.
Factors that may result in a vote against a Shareholder Rights Plan proposal:
Plan does not expire in a relatively short time horizon
Plan does not have a well-crafted permitted bid or qualified offer feature that mandates shareholder votes in certain situations
Plan automatically renews without shareholder approval
Company’s corporate governance profile
ii. Right to Call Special Meeting
CSIM generally votes against shareholder proposals asking for shareholders to be given the right to call a special meeting unless the threshold to call a special meeting is 25% or more of shares outstanding to avoid wasting corporate resources.

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iii. Right to Act by Written Consent
CSIM generally votes against shareholder proposals asking for shareholders to be given the right to act by written consent if the company already offers shareholders the right to call special meetings. CSIM expects appropriate mechanisms for implementation.
iv. Supermajority Voting
CSIM generally supports the concept of simple majority standards to pass proposals.
E. CAPITAL STRUCTURE, MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS
i. Increase in Authorized Common Shares
CSIM typically supports proposals to increase the authorized shares unless the company does not sufficiently justify the need for the use of the proposed shares.
ii. Preferred Shares
CSIM generally supports proposals to create a class of preferred shares with specific voting, dividend, conversion and other rights.
iii. Mergers and Acquisitions
CSIM generally supports transactions that appear to maximize shareholder value. In assessing the proposals, CSIM considers the proposed transaction’s strategic rationale, the offer premium, the board’s oversight of the sales process, and other pertinent factors.
F. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PROPOSALS
  Environmental and social shareholder proposals typically request companies to either change their business practices or enhance their disclosures. CSIM believes that, in most instances, the board is best positioned to determine a company’s strategy and manage its operations, and generally does not support shareholder proposals seeking a change in business practices. CSIM generally evaluates shareholder proposals seeking additional disclosures on relevant environmental and social issues based on a company’s current level of reporting, peer disclosures and the existence of controversies or litigation related to the issue.
i. Political Contribution Proposals
CSIM expects the board of directors to have an oversight process for political contributions and lobbying proposals. CSIM generally votes against political contribution shareholder proposals unless there is no evidence of board oversight.
IV. ADMINISTRATION
A. CONFLICTS OF INTERESTS
  With respect to proxies of an underlying affiliated Fund, the Proxy Committee will vote such proxies in the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders of such Fund (i.e., “echo vote”), unless otherwise required by law. When required by law or applicable exemptive order, the Proxy Committee will also “echo vote” proxies of an unaffiliated mutual fund or exchange traded fund (“ETF”). For example, certain exemptive orders issued to the Funds by the Securities and Exchange Commission and Section 12(d)(1)(F) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, require the Funds, under certain circumstances, to “echo vote” proxies of registered investment companies that serve as underlying investments of the Funds.
  In addition, with respect to holdings of The Charles Schwab Corporation (“CSC”) (ticker symbol: SCHW), the Proxy Committee will vote such proxies in the same proportion as the vote of all other shareholders of CSC (i.e., “echo vote”), unless otherwise required by law.

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  Other than proxies that will be “echo voted”, proxy issues that present material conflicts of interest between CSIM, and/or any of its affiliates, and CSIM’s clients will be delegated to Glass Lewis to be voted in accordance with CSIM’s Proxy Voting Guidelines.
B. FOREIGN SECURITIES/SHAREBLOCKING
  CSIM has arrangements with Glass Lewis for the execution of proxy votes. However, voting proxies with respect to shares of foreign securities may involve significantly greater effort and corresponding cost than voting proxies with respect to domestic securities, due to the variety of regulatory schemes and corporate practices in foreign countries with respect to proxy voting. Problems voting foreign proxies may include the following:
proxy statements and ballots written in a foreign language;
untimely and/or inadequate notice of shareholder meetings;
restrictions of foreigner’s ability to exercise votes;
requirements to vote proxies in person;
requirements to provide local agents with power of attorney to facilitate CSIM’s voting instructions.
In consideration of the foregoing issues, Glass Lewis uses its best efforts to vote foreign proxies. As part of its ongoing oversight, the Proxy Committee will monitor the voting of foreign proxies to determine whether all reasonable steps are taken to vote foreign proxies. If the Proxy Committee determines that the cost associated with the attempt to vote outweighs the potential benefits clients may derive from voting, the Proxy Committee may decide not to attempt to vote. In addition, certain foreign countries impose restrictions on the sale of securities for a period of time before and/or after the shareholder meeting. To avoid these trading restrictions, the Proxy Committee instructs Glass Lewis not to vote such foreign proxies (shareblocking).
C. SECURITIES LENDING
Certain of the Funds enter into securities lending arrangements with lending agents to generate additional revenue for their portfolios. In securities lending arrangements, any voting rights that accompany the loaned securities generally pass to the borrower of the securities, but the lender retains the right to recall a security and may then exercise the security’s voting rights. In order to vote the proxies of securities out on loan, the securities must be recalled prior to the established record date. CSIM will use its best efforts to recall a Fund’s securities on loan and vote such securities’ proxies in certain circumstances including if (a) the proxy relates to a special meeting of shareholders of the issuer (as opposed to the issuer’s annual meeting of shareholders), or (b) the Fund owns more than 5% of the outstanding shares of the issuer.
D. SUB-ADVISORY RELATIONSHIPS
  Where CSIM has delegated day-to-day investment management responsibilities to an investment sub-adviser, CSIM may (but generally does not) delegate proxy voting responsibility to such investment sub-adviser. Each sub-adviser to whom proxy voting responsibility has been delegated will be required to review all proxy solicitation material and to exercise the voting rights associated with the securities it has been allocated in the best interest of each investment company and its shareholders, or other client. Prior to delegating the proxy voting responsibility, CSIM will review each sub-adviser’s proxy voting policy to determine whether it believes that each sub-adviser’s proxy voting policy is generally consistent with the maximization of the value of CSIM’s clients’ investments by protecting the long-term best interest of shareholders.
E. REPORTING AND RECORD RETENTION
  CSIM will maintain, or cause Glass Lewis to maintain, records that identify the manner in which proxies have been voted (or not voted) on behalf of CSIM clients. CSIM will comply with all applicable rules and regulations regarding disclosure of its or its clients’ proxy voting records and procedures.
  CSIM will retain all proxy voting materials and supporting documentation as required under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended.

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Table of Contents
Schwab Strategic Trust
PEA No. 111
Part C: Other Information
ITEM 28. EXHIBITS.
(a)(1) Certificate of Trust, dated January 27, 2009, of Schwab Strategic Trust (the Registrant or the Trust) is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(1) of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed July 15, 2009.
(a)(2) Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (a)(3) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 2 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed October 27, 2009.
(b) Registrant’s By-Laws, dated January 26, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (b) of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed July 15, 2009.
(c) Reference is made to Article 5 of the Registrant’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust.
(d)(1) Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated March 1, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(1) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 95 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed April 28, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 95).
(d)(2) Amendment No. 1, dated October 5, 2017, to the Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated March 1, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (d)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 101 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed October 5, 2017 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 101).
(d)(3) Amendment No. 2, dated March 11, 2019, to the Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated March 1, 2017, is filed herein as Exhibit (d)(3).
(e)(1) Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co. is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed April 21, 2010 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 1).
(e)(2) Amendment No. 1, dated July 26, 2010, to Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 3 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed July 23, 2010 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 3).
(e)(3) Amendment No. 2, dated December 17, 2010, to Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 7 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed April 15, 2011 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 7).
(e)(4) Amendment No. 3, dated July 1, 2011, to the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(4) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 12 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed July 8, 2011 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 12).
(e)(5) Amendment No. 4, dated October 1, 2011, to the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(5) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 17 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed October 14, 2011 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 17).
(e)(6) Amendment No. 5, dated August 8, 2013, to the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(6) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 46 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed August 8, 2013 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 46).
(e)(7) Amendment No. 6, dated October 5, 2017, to the Distribution Agreement between the Registrant and SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (e)(7) of PEA No. 101.
(f) Not applicable.
(g)(1) Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(1) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 of Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed October 7, 2009 (hereinafter referred to as Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1).
(g)(2) Amendment, dated October 8, 2009, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(2) of PEA No. 1.
(g)(3) Amendment, dated July 26, 2010, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, filed September 24, 2010 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(3) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 4 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed September 24, 2010 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 4).
(g)(4) Amendment, dated December 17, 2010, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(4) of PEA No. 7.
(g)(5) Amendment, dated July 1, 2011, to the Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(5) of PEA No. 12.

 

ITEM 28. EXHIBITS.
(g)(6) Amendment, dated October 1, 2011, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(6) of PEA No. 17.
(g)(7) Amendment, dated July 8, 2013, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(7) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 56 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on December 26, 2013, (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 56).
(g)(8) Amendment, dated October 5, 2017, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(8) of PEA No. 101.
(g)(9) Amendment, dated November 16, 2017, to the Amended and Restated Master Custodian Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 17, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (g)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 103 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on December 28, 2017, (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 103).
(h)(1) Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.
(h)(1)(a) Amendment No. 1, dated July 26, 2010, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(8) of PEA No. 3.
(h)(1)(b) Amendment No. 2, dated December 17, 2010, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1)(b) of PEA No. 7.
(h)(1)(c) Amendment No. 3, dated July 1, 2011, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1)(c) of PEA No. 12.
(h)(1)(d) Amendment No. 4, dated October 1, 2011, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1)(d) of PEA No. 17.
(h)(1)(e) Amendment No. 5, dated August 8, 2013, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1)(e) of PEA No. 46.
(h)(1)(f) Amendment No. 6, dated October 5, 2017, to the Administration Agreement between the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 12, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(1)(f) of PEA No. 101.
(h)(2) Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.
(h)(2)(a) Amendment, dated July 26, 2010, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, filed September 24, 2010 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(9) of PEA No. 4.
(h)(2)(b) Amendment, dated December 17, 2010, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2)(b) of PEA No. 7.
(h)(2)(c) Amendment, dated July 1, 2011, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2)(c) of PEA No. 12.
(h)(2)(d) Amendment, dated October 1, 2011, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2)(d) of PEA No. 17.
(h)(2)(e) Amendment, dated July 8, 2013, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2)(e) of PEA No. 56.
(h)(2)(f) Amendment, dated October 5, 2017, to the Transfer Agency Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 8, 2009, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(2)(f) of PEA No. 101.
(h)(3) Authorized Participant Agreement is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(3) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.
(h)(4) Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.
(h)(4)(a) Amendment, dated October 8, 2009, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5) of PEA No. 1.
(h)(4)(b) Amendment, dated July 26, 2010, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, filed September 24, 2010 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(10) of PEA No. 4.
(h)(4)(c) Amendment, dated December 17, 2010, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(c) of PEA No. 7.
(h)(4)(d) Amendment, dated July 1, 2011, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(d) of PEA No. 12.

 

ITEM 28. EXHIBITS.
(h)(4)(e) Amendment, dated October 1, 2011, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(e) of PEA No. 17.
(h)(4)(f) Amendment, dated July 8, 2013, to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(f) of PEA No. 56.
(h)(4)(g) Amendment, dated January 20, 2016, to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(g) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 92 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed December 28, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 92).
(h)(4)(h) Amendment, dated August 18, 2016, to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(h) of PEA No. 92.
(h)(4)(i) Amendment, dated February 2, 2017, to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(i) of PEA No. 95.
(h)(4)(j) Amendment, dated October 5, 2017, to Appendix A and Appendix B of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(j) of PEA No. 101.
(h)(4)(k) Amendment, dated November 16, 2017, to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(4)(k) of PEA No. 103.
(h)(4)(l) Amendment, modified March 11, 2019, to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between the Registrant and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is filed herein as Exhibit (h)(4)(l)
(h)(5) Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) of Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1.
(h)(5)(a) Amendment, dated October 8, 2009, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(7) of PEA No. 1.
(h)(5)(b) Amendment, dated July 26, 2010 to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, filed September 24, 2010 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(11) of PEA No. 4.
(h)(5)(c) Amendment, dated December 17, 2010, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5)(c) of PEA No. 7.
(h)(5)(d) Amendment, dated July 1, 2011, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5)(d) of PEA No. 12.
(h)(5)(e) Amendment, dated October 1, 2011, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5)(e) of PEA No. 17.
(h)(5)(f) Amendment, dated August 8, 2013, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between the Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5)(f) of PEA No. 56.
(h)(5)(g) Amendment, dated October 5, 2017, to the Sub-Administration Agreement between Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. and State Street Bank and Trust Company, dated October 1, 2005, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(5)(g) of PEA No. 101.
(h)(6) Sublicense Agreement between the Registrant, Schwab Investments and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated October 5, 2017, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (h)(6) of PEA No. 101.
(i) Opinion and Consent of Counsel is filed herein as Exhibit (i).
(j)(1) Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP is filed herein as Exhibit (j)(1).
(j)(2) Power of Attorney executed by Walter W. Bettinger II, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 86 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on January 12, 2016 (hereinafter referred to as PEA No. 86).
(j)(3) Power of Attorney executed by Jonathan de St. Paer, dated April 1, 2019, is filed herein as Exhibit (j)(3).
(j)(4) Power of Attorney executed by Joseph R. Martinetto, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(4) of PEA No. 86.

 

ITEM 28. EXHIBITS.
(j)(5) Power of Attorney executed by Robert W. Burns, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(5) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(6) Power of Attorney executed by John F. Cogan, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(6) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(7) Power of Attorney executed by Stephen Timothy Kochis, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(7) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(8) Power of Attorney executed by David L. Mahoney, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(8) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(9) Power of Attorney executed by Kiran M. Patel, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(9) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 88 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on April 27, 2016.
(j)(10) Power of Attorney executed by Kimberly S. Patmore, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(10) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(11) Power of Attorney executed by Nancy F. Heller, dated June 1, 2018, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(11) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 107 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on June 26, 2018.
(j)(12) Power of Attorney executed by Gerald B. Smith, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(12) of PEA No. 86.
(j)(13) Power of Attorney executed by Jane P. Moncreiff, dated January 28, 2019, is filed herein as Exhibit (j)(13).
(j)(14) Power of Attorney executed by Mark D. Fischer, dated January 1, 2016, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (j)(14) of PEA No. 86.
(k) Not applicable.
(l) None.
(m) Not applicable.
(n) Not applicable.
(o) Not applicable.
(p)(1) Joint Code of Ethics for the Registrant and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., dated February 26, 2019, is filed herein as Exhibit (p)(1).
(p)(2) Code of Ethics of SEI Investments Distribution Co., dated November 26, 2018, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit (p)(2) of Post-Effective Amendment No. 109 of the Registrant’s Registration Statement, filed on December 13, 2018.
Item 29. Persons Controlled By Or Under Common Control With The Registrant.
The Board of Trustees of the Registrant is identical to the boards of trustees of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and Laudus Trust. Each such trust has Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. as its investment adviser. In addition, the officers of the Registrant are also identical to those of each such other trust, with the exception of the Chief Legal Officer and Secretary/Clerk. As a result, the above-named trusts may be deemed to be under common control with the Registrant. Nonetheless, the Registrant takes the position that it is not under common control with such other trusts because the power residing in the respective trusts’ boards and officers arises as a result of an official position with each such trust.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Reference is made to Article VII of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (Exhibit (a)(2) filed October 27, 2009) and Article 11 of Registrant’s By-Laws (Exhibit (b) filed July 15, 2009).
Insofar as indemnification for liability arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the Act), may be permitted to trustees, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a trustee, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such trustee, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

Item 31. Business And Other Connections Of Investment Adviser.
The Registrant’s investment adviser, Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (CSIM), a Delaware corporation, organized in October 1989, also serves as the investment manager to Laudus Trust, Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, and Schwab Annuity Portfolios, each an open-end, management investment company. The principal place of business of the investment adviser is 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. The only business in which the investment adviser engages is that of investment adviser and administrator to Schwab Capital Trust, The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Annuity Portfolios and any other investment companies that Schwab may sponsor in the future, investment adviser to the Registrant and Laudus Trust and an investment adviser to certain non-investment company clients.
The business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which each director and/or senior or executive officer of CSIM is or has been engaged during the past two fiscal years is listed below. The name of any company for which any director and/or senior or executive officer of the investment adviser serves as director, officer, employee, partner or trustee is also listed below.
Name and Position with Adviser Name of Other Company Capacity
Walter W. Bettinger, II, Director The Charles Schwab Corporation Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Schwab Holdings, Inc. Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Schwab International Holdings, Inc. President and Chief Executive Officer
Charles Schwab Bank Director
Charles Schwab Premier Bank Director
Schwab (SIS) Holdings, Inc. I President and Chief Executive Officer
Schwab Funds Chairman and Trustee
Laudus Funds Chairman and Trustee
Schwab ETFs Chairman and Trustee
Peter B. Crawford, Director The Charles Schwab Corporation Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Schwab Holdings, Inc. Director, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Charles Schwab Global Holdings, Inc. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Schwab International Holdings, Inc. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Performance Technologies, Inc. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Schwab (SIS) Holdings, Inc. I Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Schwab Technology Holdings, Inc. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Jonathan de St. Paer, Director, President and Chief Executive Officer Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Senior Vice President
Schwab Funds Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
Laudus Funds Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
Schwab ETFs Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, plc Director
Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited Director

 

Name and Position with Adviser Name of Other Company Capacity
Omar Aguilar, Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies Schwab Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies
Laudus Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies
Schwab ETFs Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Equities and Multi-Asset Strategies
Brett Wander, Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income Schwab Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income
Laudus Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income
Schwab ETFs Senior Vice President and Chief Investment Officer – Fixed Income
David Lekich, Senior Vice President and Chief Counsel Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Senior Vice President
Schwab Funds Secretary and Chief Legal Officer
Laudus Funds Vice President and Assistant Clerk
Schwab ETFs Secretary and Chief Legal Officer
Michael Hogan, Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer Schwab Funds Chief Compliance Officer
Schwab ETFs Chief Compliance Officer
Laudus Funds Chief Compliance Officer
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. Senior Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer – IIMS Compliance
George Pereira, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer Schwab Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Laudus Funds Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Schwab ETFs Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer
Charles Schwab Worldwide Funds, plc Director
Charles Schwab Asset Management (Ireland) Limited Director
Item 32. Principal Underwriter:
(a) SEI Investments Distribution Co. (the Distributor) is the principal underwriter of the Trust.
The Distributor acts as distributor for:
SEI Daily Income Trust
SEI Tax Exempt Trust
SEI Institutional Managed Trust
SEI Institutional International Trust
SEI Institutional Investments Trust
The Advisors’ Inner Circle Fund
The Advisors’ Inner Circle Fund II
Bishop Street Funds
SEI Asset Allocation Trust
City National Rochdale Funds (formerly CNI Charter Funds)
Causeway Capital Management Trust
ProShares Trust

 

Community Capital Trust (formerly Community Reinvestment Act Qualified Investment Fund)
TD Asset Management USA Funds
SEI Structured Credit Fund, LP
Global X Funds
ProShares Trust II
Exchange Traded Concepts Trust (formerly FaithShares Trust)
Schwab Strategic Trust
RiverPark Funds Trust
Adviser Managed Trust
New Covenant Funds
Cambria ETF Trust
Highland Funds I (formerly Pyxis Funds I)
KraneShares Trust
SEI Insurance Products Trust
The KP Funds
The Advisors’ Inner Circle Fund III
SEI Catholic Values Trust
SEI Hedge Fund SPC
SEI Energy Debt Fund
Gallery Trust
Schroder Series Trust
Schroder Global Series Trust
City National Rochdale Select Strategies Fund
Metaurus Equity Component Trust
Causeway ETMF Trust
Impact Shares Trust
City National Rochdale Strategic Credit Fund
Symmetry Panoramic Trust
(b) Information with respect to each director, officer or partner of each principal underwriter is as follows. Unless otherwise noted, the business address of each director or officer is 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456.
Name Position and Office with Underwriter Positions and Offices with Registrant
William M. Doran Director None
Paul F. Klauder Director None
Wayne M. Withrow Director None
Kevin Barr Director, President & Chief Executive Officer None
Maxine Chou Chief Financial Officer, Chief Operations Officer, & Treasurer None
Jennifer H. Campisi Chief Compliance Officer, Anti-Money Laundering Officer & Assistant Secretary None
John C. Munch General Counsel & Secretary None
Mark J. Held Senior Vice President None

 

Name Position and Office with Underwriter Positions and Offices with Registrant
Lori L. White Vice President & Assistant Secretary None
John P. Coary Vice President & Assistant Secretary None
Robert Silvestri Vice President None
Judith A. Hirx Vice President None
Jason McGhin Vice President None
Gary Michael Reese Vice President None
(c) None.
Item 33. Location Of Accounts And Records.
All accounts, books and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the 1940 Act, as amended, and the Rules thereunder will be maintained at the offices of:
1) Schwab Strategic Trust, 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
2) Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc., 211 Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105
3) Principal Underwriter — SEI Investments Distribution Co., 1 Freedom Valley Drive, Oaks, PA 19456
4) Custodian — State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111
5) Transfer Agent — State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, MA 02111
Item 34. Management Services.
None.
Item 35. Undertakings.
Not applicable.


Table of Contents
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for the effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A pursuant to Rule 485(b) under the 1933 Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized, in the City of Washington in the District of Columbia, on the 26th day of April, 2019.
SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST
Registrant
 
Jonathan de St. Paer*
Jonathan de St. Paer, President and Chief Executive Officer
Pursuant to the requirements of the 1933 Act, this Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated this 26th day of April, 2019.
Signature   Title
Walter W. Bettinger II*

Walter W. Bettinger II
  Chairman and Trustee
Jonathan de St. Paer*

Jonathan de St. Paer
  Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
Joseph R. Martinetto*

Joseph R. Martinetto
  Trustee
Robert W. Burns*

Robert W. Burns
  Trustee
John F. Cogan*

John F. Cogan
  Trustee
Nancy F. Heller*

Nancy F. Heller
  Trustee
Stephen Timothy Kochis*

Stephen Timothy Kochis
  Trustee
David L. Mahoney*

David L. Mahoney
  Trustee
Jane P. Moncreiff*

Jane P. Moncreiff
  Trustee
Kiran M. Patel*

Kiran M. Patel
  Trustee
Kimberly S. Patmore*

Kimberly S. Patmore
  Trustee
Gerald B. Smith*

Gerald B. Smith
  Trustee
Mark D. Fischer*

Mark D. Fischer
  Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
*By: /s/ Douglas P. Dick

Douglas P. Dick, Attorney-in-Fact
Pursuant to Power of Attorney


Table of Contents
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit (d)(3) Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement
Exhibit (h)(4)(l) Amendment to Appendix A of the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement
Exhibit (i) Opinion and Consent of Counsel
Exhibit (j)(1) Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Exhibit (j)(3) Power of Attorney for Jonathan de St. Paer
Exhibit (j)(13) Power of Attorney for Jane P. Moncreiff
Exhibit (p)(1) Joint Code of Ethics

AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO

AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDMENT NO. 2 TO AMENDED AND RESTATED ADVISORY AGREEMENT (this “ Amendment ”), effective as of March 11, 2019 by and between Schwab Strategic Trust (the “ Trust ”) and Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (the “ Adviser ”).

WHEREAS, Trust and Adviser entered into an Amended and Restated Advisory Agreement, dated March 1, 2017 (the “ Advisory Agreement ”), pursuant to which Adviser serves as investment adviser to the Trust on behalf of the series set forth on Schedule A to the Advisory Agreement;

WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to amend Schedule A to the Advisory Agreement with respect to Schwab U.S. Dividend Equity ETF, Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF, and Schwab U.S. Mid-Cap ETF (each a “fund”) to reflect a change to the rate paid by the Trust to the Adviser as compensation for the Adviser’s services rendered to each fund.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises, covenants, representations and warranties contained herein and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

1.

Schedule A of the Advisory Agreement is hereby amended to reflect a change to the rate paid by the Trust to the Adviser as compensation for the Adviser’s services rendered to each fund:

A new Schedule A is hereby attached to this Amendment.

 

2.

Except as expressly amended and provided herein, all of the terms, conditions and provisions of the Advisory Agreement shall continue in full force and effect. Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the same meaning as set forth in the Advisory Agreement.

 

3.

Entire Agreement . The Advisory Agreement as modified by this Amendment constitutes the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter contained herein and therein and may only be amended by a writing executed by all parties.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed and delivered this Amendment as of the date set forth above.

 

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST, on behalf of each Fund listed on Schedule A

 

By:         /s/ George Pereira

Name:   George Pereira

Title:     Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

 

CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.

 

By:         /s/ Marie Chandoha

Name:   Marie Chandoha

Title:     Chief Executive Officer


SCHEDULE A

to the

ADVISORY AGREEMENT

dated as of March 11, 2019 between

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST

and

CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.

The Trust will pay to the Adviser as compensation for the Adviser’s services rendered, a fee, computed daily, at an annual rate, based on the average daily net assets of the respective Fund, in accordance the following fee schedule:

 

  Fund    Rate    

Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF

   0.03%*  

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF

   0.03%*  

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF

   0.04%*  

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF

   0.04%*  

Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF

   0.04%*  

Schwab International Equity ETF

   0.06%*  

Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF

   0.12%*  

Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF

   0.13%*  

Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF

   0.05%*  

Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

   0.06%*  

Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

   0.06%*  

Schwab U.S. REIT ETF

   0.07%*  

Schwab U.S. Mid-Cap ETF

   0.04%*  

Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF

   0.04%*  

Schwab U.S. Dividend Equity ETF

   0.06%*  

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Broad Market Index ETF

   0.25%*  

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Large Company Index ETF

   0.25%*  

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Small Company Index ETF

   0.25%*  

Schwab Fundamental International Large Company Index ETF

   0.25%*  

Schwab Fundamental International Small Company Index ETF

   0.39%*  

Schwab Fundamental Emerging Markets Large Company Index ETF

   0.39%*  

Schwab 1000 Index ETF

   0.05%*  

 

*

The Adviser will pay the operating expenses of the Fund, excluding taxes, any brokerage expenses, and extraordinary or non-routine expenses.

March 11, 2019

State Street Bank and Trust Company

1 Heritage Drive

North Quincy, MA 02171

Attention: Stephen V. Russo, Vice President

RE:    Schwab Funds

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Reference is made to the Master Fund Accounting and Services Agreement between us dated as of October 1, 2005, as amended and supplemented (the “ Agreement ”). Pursuant to the Agreement, this letter is to provide notice of clarification to Appendix A to the Agreement. Appendix A has been modified to identify funds that are classified as fund of funds. A revised Appendix A to the Agreement is attached hereto.

Please indicate your acceptance of the modified Appendix A by executing two copies of this letter, returning one to us and retaining one copy for your records.

Very truly yours,

EACH OF THE ENTITIES SET FORTH ON APPENDIX A HERETO

 

By:  

/s/ Mark Fischer

Name:   Mark Fischer
Title:   Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
Accepted:

STATE STREET BANK AND TRUST COMPANY

 

By:  

/s/ Andrew Erickson

Name:   Andrew Erickson
Title:   Executive Vice President


APPENDIX A

(Effective December 1, 2017,

Modified March 11, 2019)

TO

MASTER FUND ACCOUNTING AND SERVICES AGREEMENT

MANAGEMENT INVESTMENT COMPANIES AND PORTFOLIOS THEREOF, IF ANY

THE CHARLES SCHWAB FAMILY OF FUNDS

Schwab Money Market Fund

Schwab Value Advantage Money Fund

Schwab Retirement Advantage Money Fund

Schwab Investor Money Fund

Schwab Government Money Fund

Schwab U.S. Treasury Money Fund

Schwab Municipal Money Fund

Schwab California Municipal Money Fund

Schwab New York Municipal Money Fund

Schwab AMT Tax-Free Money Fund

Schwab Cash Reserves

Schwab Advisor Cash Reserves

Schwab Treasury Obligations Money Fund

Schwab Variable Share Price Money Fund

Schwab Retirement Government Money Fund

SCHWAB INVESTMENTS

Schwab 1000 Index Fund

Schwab GNMA Fund

Schwab Tax-Free Bond Fund

Schwab California Tax-Free Bond Fund

Schwab Treasury Inflation Protected Securities Index Fund

Schwab Intermediate-Term Bond Fund

Schwab Global Real Estate Fund

Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond Index Fund

Schwab Short-Term Bond Index Fund

SCHWAB CAPITAL TRUST

Schwab International Index Fund

Schwab Small-Cap Index Fund

Schwab MarketTrack Growth Portfolio*

Schwab MarketTrack Balanced Portfolio*

Schwab MarketTrack Conservative Portfolio*

Schwab MarketTrack All Equity Portfolio*

Schwab S&P 500 Index Fund

Schwab Dividend Equity Fund

Schwab Small-Cap Equity Fund

Schwab Large-Cap Growth Fund

Schwab Total Stock Market Index Fund

Schwab Health Care Fund

Schwab Target 2010 Fund*

Schwab Target 2015 Fund*

Schwab Target 2020 Fund*

Schwab Target 2025 Fund*

Schwab Target 2030 Fund*

Schwab Target 2035 Fund*


Schwab Target 2040 Fund*

Schwab Target 2045 Fund*

Schwab Target 2050 Fund*

Schwab Target 2055 Fund*

Schwab Target 2060 Fund*

Schwab Target 2010 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2015 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2020 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2025 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2030 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2035 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2040 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2045 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2050 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2055 Index Fund*

Schwab Target 2060 Index Fund*

Schwab Core Equity Fund

Schwab Hedged Equity Fund

Laudus International MarketMasters Fund

Laudus Small-Cap MarketMasters Fund

Schwab Balanced Fund *

Schwab Fundamental US Small Company Index Fund

Schwab Fundamental US Large Company Index Fund

Schwab Fundamental International Large Company Index Fund

Schwab Fundamental Emerging Markets Large Company Index Fund

Schwab Fundamental International Small Company Index Fund

Schwab Monthly Income Fund - Moderate Payout *

Schwab Monthly Income Fund - Enhanced Payout *

Schwab Monthly Income Fund - Maximum Payout *

Schwab International Core Equity Fund

Schwab Fundamental Global Real Estate Index Fund

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth Index Fund

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value Index Fund

Schwab U.S. Mid-Cap Index Fund

SCHWAB ANNUITY PORTFOLIOS

Schwab Government Money Market Portfolio

Schwab S&P 500 Index Portfolio

Schwab MarketTrack Growth Portfolio II*

Schwab VIT Balanced Portfolio*

Schwab VIT Balanced with Growth Portfolio*

Schwab VIT Growth Portfolio*

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST

Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Value ETF

Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF

Schwab International Equity ETF

Schwab International Small-Cap Equity ETF

Schwab Emerging Markets Equity ETF

Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF

Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF

Schwab U.S. REIT ETF

Schwab U.S. Mid-Cap ETF


Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF

Schwab U.S. Dividend Equity ETF

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Broad Market Index ETF

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Large Company Index ETF

Schwab Fundamental U.S. Small Company Index ETF

Schwab Fundamental International Large Company Index ETF

Schwab Fundamental International Small Company Index ETF

Schwab Fundamental Emerging Markets Large Company Index ETF

Schwab 1000 Index ETF

 

  *

Indicates Fund of Funds

LOGO

   

1900 K Street, NW

Washington, DC 20006

  +1 202 261 3300 Main
 

+1 202 261 3333 Fax

www.dechert.com

 

 

April 26, 2019

Schwab Strategic Trust

211 Main Street

San Francisco, CA 94105

Dear Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as counsel for Schwab Strategic Trust (the “Trust”), a trust duly organized and validly existing under the laws of the State of Delaware, in connection with Post-Effective Amendment No. 111 to the Trust’s Registration Statement on Form N-1A, together with all Exhibits thereto (the “Registration Statement”) relating to the issuance and sale by the Trust of an indefinite number of shares of beneficial interest of the Trust, under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and Amendment No. 113 to the Registration Statement under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended. We have examined such governmental and corporate certificates and records as we deemed necessary to render this opinion and we are familiar with the Trust’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust and its By-Laws, each as amended to date.

Based upon the foregoing, we are of the opinion that the shares proposed to be sold pursuant to the Registration Statement, when paid for as contemplated in the Registration Statement, will be legally and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and to the use of our name in the Trust’s Registration Statement to be dated on or about April 26, 2019 and in any revised or amended versions thereof. In giving such consent, however, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Dechert LLP

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Schwab Strategic Trust of our reports dated February 19, 2019, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights, which appear in Schwab U.S. TIPS ETF, Schwab Short-Term U.S. Treasury ETF, Schwab Intermediate-Term U.S. Treasury ETF and Schwab U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF’s Annual Reports on Form N-CSR for the year ended December 31, 2018. We also consent to the references to us under the headings “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm,” “Portfolio Holdings Disclosure” and “Financial Highlights” in such Registration Statement.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

San Francisco, California

April 22, 2019

THE CHARLES SCHWAB FAMILY OF FUNDS

SCHWAB ANNUITY PORTFOLIOS

SCHWAB INVESTMENTS

SCHWAB CAPITAL TRUST

LAUDUS TRUST

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST

POWER OF ATTORNEY

I, the undersigned trustee and/or officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Laudus Trust, each a Massachusetts business trust, and Schwab Strategic Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (each a “Trust”), do hereby constitute and appoint David Lekich, Catherine MacGregor, Robin Nesbitt, Douglas P. Dick, Jeremy I. Senderowicz and Stephen T. Cohen, and each of them singly, my true and lawful attorneys, with full power to them and each of them, to sign for me and in my name and the capacity listed below, any and all amendments to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of each Trust, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection thereunder, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto my said attorneys, and each of them, acting alone, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in the premises, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys or any of them may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

WITNESS my hand on the date set forth below.

 

    /s/ Jonathan de St. Paer                            Date: April 1, 2019
Jonathan de St. Paer       
Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer       

THE CHARLES SCHWAB FAMILY OF FUNDS

SCHWAB ANNUITY PORTFOLIOS

SCHWAB INVESTMENTS

SCHWAB CAPITAL TRUST

LAUDUS TRUST

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST

POWER OF ATTORNEY

I, the undersigned trustee and/or officer of The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Annuity Portfolios, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Laudus Trust, each a Massachusetts business trust, and Schwab Strategic Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (each a “Trust”), do hereby constitute and appoint David Lekich, Catherine MacGregor, Robin Nesbitt, Douglas P. Dick, Jeremy I. Senderowicz and Stephen T. Cohen, and each of them singly, my true and lawful attorneys, with full power to them and each of them, to sign for me and in my name and the capacity listed below, any and all amendments to the Registration Statement on Form N-1A of each Trust, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection thereunder, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto my said attorneys, and each of them, acting alone, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite or necessary to be done in the premises, as fully as to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys or any of them may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue thereof.

WITNESS my hand on the date set forth below.

 

    /s/ Jane P. Moncreiff                            Date: January 28, 2019
Jane P. Moncreiff       
Trustee       

J.II.1.B.

THE CHARLES SCHWAB FAMILY OF FUNDS

SCHWAB INVESTMENTS

SCHWAB CAPITAL TRUST

SCHWAB ANNUITY PORTFOLIOS

SCHWAB STRATEGIC TRUST

LAUDUS TRUST

CHARLES SCHWAB INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT, INC.

CHARLES SCHWAB & CO., INC.

JOINT CODE OF ETHICS

PERSONAL TRADING POLICY

Effective February 26, 2019

 

 

 

 

 

Capitalized terms used in the Code are defined, when practicable, within the related text. Otherwise such terms are defined in the attached Appendix A.

 

 

 

1


J.II.1.B.

 

INTRODUCTION

Charles Schwab Investment Management, Inc. (“CSIM”) and Charles Schwab & Co., Inc. (“CS&Co.”), in its capacity as principal underwriter for certain funds, have a fiduciary duty to the Funds and advisory clients (“Clients”). The Charles Schwab Family of Funds, Schwab Investments, Schwab Capital Trust and Schwab Annuity Portfolios (the “Schwab Funds”), Laudus Trust (the “Laudus Funds”) and Schwab Strategic Trust (the “Schwab ETFs,” and together with Schwab Funds and Laudus Funds, the “Funds”) have a fiduciary duty to their shareholders. To assist in meeting these fiduciary duties, CSIM, CS&Co. and the Funds expect every person subject to this Joint Code of Ethics to demonstrate the highest standards of ethical conduct in such a manner as to (i) avoid serving their own personal interest ahead of clients, (ii) avoid taking inappropriate advantage of their position with CS&Co., CSIM or the Funds, and (iii) avoid and, where appropriate, mitigate any actual or potential conflicts of interests or any abuse of their position of trust and responsibility.

To this end, CSIM, CS&Co. and the Funds have adopted this Joint Code of Ethics (the “Code”) which sets the minimum standards of conduct applicable to all of CSIM’s directors, officers and employees, officers and trustees of the Funds, and certain CS&Co. persons and other individuals as designated by the Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) or designee (“Access Persons”).

The Code is designed to help Access Persons avoid potential conflicts that may arise from their actions and their personal investments and preclude activities which may lead to or give the appearance of conflicts of interest, insider trading and other forms of prohibited or unethical business conduct.

In addition, all CSIM and CS&Co. employees are also responsible for knowing and complying with The Charles Schwab Corporation’s Compliance Manual, The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and applicable policies and procedures related to individual roles and responsibilities. Access Persons who are also CS&Co. employees are required to comply with the Broker-Dealer Compliance Manual as well.

The Code does not and cannot identify all possible conflicts of interest that you might encounter. Rather, you have an on-going responsibility to identify any areas where personal activities may conflict with Clients’ interests and to operate in a manner that mitigates both actual and perceived conflicts. You must at all times act in accordance with both the letter and the spirit of applicable laws, rules and regulations.

If you violate this Code or associated policies and procedures, CSIM, the Funds and/or CS&Co. may impose disciplinary action against you which may include

 

 

 

2


J.II.1.B.

 

notification to your supervisor, disgorgement of profits and possibly suspension and/or termination.

If you have any questions concerning a proposed course of action that may present a conflict of interest, you should contact your supervisor for guidance. Supervisors who have questions about how to proceed should contact the CCO or his or her designee for guidance.

MATERIAL NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION

You have an obligation to safeguard material non-public information (“MNPI”) regarding CSIM and its Clients, including the Funds. The Charles Schwab Corporation’s Compliance Manual has policies and procedures that establish minimum requirements that all employees are required to follow when in possession of MNPI about any issuer. In addition, when you are in possession of confidential information about CSIM and/or its Clients, you are prohibited from sharing such information with anyone, other than those who have a business need to know, and from using such information for personal gain.

Specifically, you are prohibited from:

 

   

Disclosing current portfolio transactions that portfolio managers and traders have made or potential portfolio transactions that are being contemplated on behalf of Clients or any other non-public information to anyone outside of CSIM, except as required to effect securities transactions on behalf of a Client.

 

   

Trading on the basis of the Funds’ MNPI: the following types of information have, under certain circumstances, been determined to be MNPI in the mutual fund context (if not yet publicly disclosed):

 

  i.

Holdings and transaction information.

 

  ii.

The portfolio manager’s investment decisions.

 

  iii.

Performance analysis.

 

  iv.

Subscription and redemption activity.

 

  v.

Dividend activity.

 

  vi.

Decisions to hire or fire an adviser/sub-adviser or invest or divest in a proprietary or third-party mutual fund or ETF.

 

 

 

3


J.II.1.B.

 

  vii.

Material sub-adviser due diligence information.

 

  viii.

Change of portfolio manager.

 

   

Using knowledge of portfolio transactions that portfolio managers and traders have made or potential portfolio transactions that are being contemplated on behalf of Clients to personally profit, or cause others to profit, by the market effect of such transactions. Anytime you are in possession of MNPI, you are prohibited from transacting in such transactions, regardless of having received pre-clearance approval (as discussed below).

 

   

Engaging in deceptive conduct in connection with the purchase or sale of portfolio transactions for Client accounts, including without limitation:

 

  i.

Employing any device, scheme or artifice to defraud any Client.

 

  ii.

Making any untrue statement of a material fact to any Client or misleading any Client by omitting to state a material fact.

 

  iii.

Engaging in any act, practice or course of business that would defraud or deceive any Client.

 

  iv.

Engaging in any manipulative practice with respect to any Client.

 

  v.

Investing in derivatives or similar instruments to evade the restrictions of this Code.

 

   

In addition to the above, employees may receive MNPI concerning certain issuers, underwriters or from representatives of issuers or underwriters during their normal course of employment. Such information may include information that has not been publically disseminated such as potential transactions, financing and capital requests, future rating actions and certain information about the issuer or its securities. Any employee who suspects they are in receipt of MNPI should limit their communications with others regarding such MNPI and immediately contact the Compliance department.

These requirements may be supplemented from time to time by additional policies and procedures. It is your responsibility to be familiar with and to comply with all such policies and procedures.

 

 

 

4


J.II.1.B.

 

PERSONAL TRADING

I.   Introduction

This section of the Code contains rules applicable to Access Persons and certain of their household members (“Covered Persons”) regarding owning and trading “Covered Securities” in certain “Personal Accounts”.

An Access Person is

 

   

Any officer, director or trustee of CSIM or the Funds

   

Any CSIM employee

   

Certain CSIM contractors as determined and notified by CSIM Compliance

   

Certain CS&Co. employees, as determined and notified by CSIM Compliance, who support CSIM and/or the Funds

   

Other persons who are determined and notified by the CCO or his designee to have access to nonpublic information regarding any Client or Fund, including portfolio holdings and/or any transactions in a portfolio

If you are an Access Person, your Covered Persons include

 

   

Your spouse

   

Your minor children

   

Individuals living in your home who are supported, directly or indirectly, to a material extent by you

Questions concerning Covered Persons should be directed to CSIM Compliance.

Personal Accounts are securities accounts over which you or any of your Covered Persons exercise direct or indirect control or discretion or in which you or any of your Covered Persons have a direct or indirect beneficial ownership or financial interest.

Covered Securities include:

 

   

All publicly and privately traded securities

 

   

Debt securities including convertible, municipal and non-U.S. government bonds

 

   

Any option, future, forward contract or other obligation involving securities or indices thereof, including an instrument whose value is derived or based on any of the above

 

   

Any separate security which is convertible into or exchangeable for, or which confers a right to purchase, a Covered Security

 

 

 

5


J.II.1.B.

 

   

Shares of a closed-end investment company

 

   

Exchange traded products ( e.g. , ETFs/ETNs, including Schwab ETFs)

 

   

Shares of the Schwab and Laudus Funds (except money market funds)

The following securities are excluded from the definition of Covered Securities:

 

   

Shares of registered non-affiliated open-end investment companies (e.g., mutual funds), except for shares of ETFs

 

   

Shares of non-affiliated unit investment trusts that invest exclusively in non-affiliated registered open-end investment companies, except those that trade as exchanged traded products

 

   

Direct obligations of the U.S. government (e.g., Treasury securities)

 

   

High-Quality Short-Term Debt Instruments, as defined in Appendix A, such as bank certificates of deposit, banker’s acceptances, repurchase agreements, and commercial paper

 

   

Affiliated money market funds 1

II.   Reporting Requirements

The following reporting requirements apply to all Access Persons and their Covered Persons (excluding Independent Trustees unless otherwise noted in Section II.E. below).

 

  A.

Initial Accounts and Holdings Reports and Certifications

Within 10 days of hire or of being notified by CSIM Compliance that you have been deemed an Access Person, you must:

 

   

Report all of your Personal Accounts that are capable of holding Covered Securities (including those of your Covered Persons).

   

Complete your Initial Holdings Report in Covered Securities (including those of your Covered Persons).

   

Complete your acknowledgement of the Code and Compliance Manual.

Your Initial Holdings Report must include the name of security, type of security, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each security held, as well as the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the account is maintained, the name on the account and the account number. You must submit an Accounts and Holdings Report even if you do not have any securities accounts or applicable holdings. Initial reports are submitted through the on-line

 

1 Receipt of MNPI concerning an affiliated money market fund may subject an Access Person to trade restrictions in such fund.

 

 

 

6


J.II.1.B.

 

personal trading monitoring system utilized by CSIM (“Personal Trading Monitoring System”) and the information contained in the report must be current as of a date no more than 45 days prior to the date of your hire or of being notified by CSIM Compliance that you have been deemed an Access Person.

 

  B.

Quarterly Transaction Reports

Within 30 calendar days of the end of each calendar quarter, you must report all transactions in Covered Securities in all Personal Accounts. You are required to submit a quarterly report even if there were no reportable transactions during the quarter. The report must indicate the date you submit the report, as well as the following:

 

  1.

The transaction date, name and identifier of the security (such as exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number), interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and cost of each reportable security involved;

 

  2.

The name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected;

 

  3.

The type of transaction, such as purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition; and

 

  4.

The price of the security at which the transaction was effected.

Transaction information is automatically updated in the Personal Trading Monitoring System throughout the quarter to reflect transactions made in CS&Co. and certain third party broker accounts you have disclosed. This may not include all of the transactions you must report, and it is your responsibility to review the information and update it to ensure it is accurate and complete. This includes providing information on any new Personal Account established during the quarter including the name of the broker, dealer or bank and the date the account was established.

 

  C.

Annual Holdings Reports

In addition to the quarterly transaction reporting requirements, within 45 calendar days of the end of each calendar year, you must report all holdings (as of December 31) in Covered Securities in Personal Accounts.

Similar to quarterly transaction reporting, holdings information is displayed on the Access Persons reporting screen in the Personal Trading Monitoring System. The position may not reflect all activities in a security (e.g. corporate actions) and you must review and correct the holdings

 

 

 

7


J.II.1.B.

 

report, as needed, to ensure its accuracy. Your report must indicate the date you submit the report and must include the title, type of security, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares and principal amount of each security held, as well as the name of any broker, dealer or bank with whom the account is maintained.

 

  D.

Other Compliance Certifications

On a quarterly basis, you are required to confirm your compliance with the provisions of this Code. In addition, you must acknowledge, in writing, which may be made electronically, receipt of any revisions to this Code whenever amendments to the Code are made and delivered.

 

  E.

Independent Trustee Reporting Requirements

Independent Trustees are required to submit a Quarterly Transactions Report containing the information as described below to the Funds’ CCO. Such report must include:

 

   

all transactions in any Funds, excluding money market funds, on whose board the Independent Trustee serves

 

   

all transactions made in a Covered Security if, at the time of that transaction, they knew or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling their official duties as Independent Trustees of the Funds, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately before or after the date of their transaction, the same Covered Security was purchased or sold by the Fund or was being considered by the Fund or its investment adviser(s) for purchase or sale by the Fund

III.  Preclearance Requirements

 

  A.

General Requirements

All Access Persons, except (i) Independent Trustees and (ii) Interested Trustees and/or directors of CSIM not responsible for the day to day management of CSIM, must receive clearance prior to the execution of any transaction in Covered Securities in their Personal Accounts (including the accounts of their Covered Persons).

Notwithstanding the above, Access Persons who are (i) Independent Trustees and (ii) Interested Trustees and/or directors of CSIM not responsible for the day to day management of CSIM, must receive clearance prior to the execution of transactions in the Funds, excluding money market funds.

 

 

 

8


J.II.1.B.

 

  B.

How to Request Preclearance

Generally, you must submit requests for pre-clearance of personal transactions through the Personal Trading Monitoring System unless otherwise noted in this Code. Pre-clearance requests will be reviewed by CSIM Compliance in relation to information available from the trading system(s) or other relevant information sources (consulting with CSIM Portfolio Management as needed) to determine whether your request should be approved. CSIM Compliance may, at its discretion, require supervisor approval of a pre-clearance request before considering such request. You will be notified via email of approval or denial. Pre-clearance requests made by the CCO will be forwarded to The Charles Schwab Corporation CCO or his or her designee for approval.

You should only submit a pre-clearance request when you intend to execute a trade, not to secure your right to execute a transaction on the basis of favorable intraday price movements. Excessive pre-clearance requests and/or trading in personal accounts are strongly discouraged. CSIM Compliance monitors trading activity, reports this activity periodically to CSIM management and may impose additional trading restrictions or prohibitions as appropriate.

Access Persons who are (i) Independent Trustees and (ii) Interested Trustees and/or directors of CSIM not responsible for day to day management of CSIM, should direct any preclearance request to the CCO or his or her designee by telephone or email.

 

  C.

Two Day Effective Period

Pre-clearance of personal securities transactions for publicly traded securities will be effective for two (2) days beginning on the calendar day on which pre-clearance approval is granted, as well as trading day immediately following.

Limit Orders, including stop loss orders, will generally not be allowed unless you expect the order to be completed within the two day effective period. If your order is not executed within the two day effective period, your initial pre-clearance will no longer be valid and you will need to cancel the open order(s) and obtain pre-clearance again.

You are prohibited from trading in a security if, after you have received pre-clearance approval, you come into possession of MNPI.

 

 

 

9


J.II.1.B.

 

  D.

Additional Responsibilities

 

   

Access Persons, excluding Independent Trustees, may not trade in securities included on The Charles Schwab Corporation’s “Restricted List” for their own benefit or the benefit of CS&Co. when the restriction indicates that it applies to all employees. This restriction also applies to Covered Persons and Personal Accounts over which the Access Person has control. Before trading, you must check to see if the security is on the Restricted Securities List (Schweb jumpword: “restricted list”.)

 

   

Certain Access Persons may be subject to trading restrictions of The Charles Schwab Corporation common stock (SCHW) and its derivatives. Before trading in SCHW or a derivative security, you are responsible for checking the SCHW Trading Window (Schweb jumpword: “trading window”.)

 

   

Requests for approval to become a Power of Attorney (“POA”) on an account must be submitted via the Schwab online reporting system (the “Online Reporting System”). Written approval must be obtained prior to becoming a POA on any account. Generally, approval will be considered only for immediate family member accounts where the employee can demonstrate an appropriate purpose for the POA.

IV.  Blackout Periods

All Access Persons are prohibited from engaging in any transaction in a Covered Security when they know or should have known at the time that there is a pending “buy” or “sell” order in that same security for any Client Account. Exceptions to this prohibition may be granted by CSIM Compliance if, upon receipt of a request for preclearance of a transaction in a mutual fund or ETF, it determines that the client trading activity in that mutual fund or ETF occurred for cash flow purposes or that other potential conflicts do not exist or are adequately mitigated.

Certain additional trading restrictions apply to Investment Personnel, as defined from time to time by CSIM Compliance and as outlined within Appendix A, as follows:

 

   

Investment Personnel are prohibited from trading in a Covered Security if the same security has been traded in a Fund or Client Account during the past seven (7) calendar days, or is expected to be traded within the next seven (7) calendar days.

 

   

Investment Personnel transactions will be reviewed further by the CCO or his or her designee and may be required to reverse the transaction in the following situation:

 

 

 

10


J.II.1.B.

 

  (i)

Have received pre-clearance for a transaction in a Covered Security, and

  (ii)

A transaction in the same security takes place for a Fund or Client Account subject to the Blackout Period as discussed above within seven (7) calendar days following the execution of your transaction.

V.  Prohibition on Short Term Profits (60-DAY RULE)

Access Persons, except (i) Independent Trustees and (ii) Interested Trustees and/or directors of CSIM not responsible for day to day management of CSIM, are prohibited from realizing a profit from the purchase and sale, or the sale and purchase, of the same (or related) Covered Securities within 60 calendar days. If an Access Person is found to have violated this prohibition, any profit realized will be required to be disgorged. This restriction applies without regard to tax lot considerations. Generally speaking, profit determinations will be made on the basis of a “Last-In-First-Out” (LIFO) accounting methodology, unless the fundamentals of the trade warrant a different consideration as determined by the CCO or his or her designee.

VI.   IPO’s and Private Placements

The Employee Securities Accounts  & Investments and Inside Information  & Information Barriers chapters of The Charles Schwab Corporation’s Compliance Manual address certain prohibited practices. Among them is the participation in an IPO. This applies to all Access Persons, except Independent Trustees.

Access Persons, excluding Independent Trustees, must receive pre-clearance from the Schwab Disclosure Group (“Compliance Disclosure Group”) prior to participating in a private securities transaction. A request for approval should first be submitted to the Compliance Disclosure Group through the Online Reporting System.

VII.   Exceptions

 

  A.

Personal Account Exemptions

An account that is managed on a fully-discretionary basis by an affiliated or unaffiliated money manager will be exempt from personal trading requirements and restrictions after it is approved by the CCO (or designee).    

In such cases, Access Persons are required to submit a letter from any unaffiliated money manager to CSIM Compliance before the account is deemed exempt. Such letter will confirm that: (i) the account is managed on a full-discretionary basis as established in a written contract between the firm and an Access Person (or related Covered Person), and (ii) the Access Person (or related Covered Person) will not: (a) suggest or direct that the money

 

 

 

11


J.II.1.B.

 

manager make any particular purchases or sales of securities for the account during the reporting period; or, (b) consult with the money manager as to the particular allocation of investments to be made during the reporting period.

If CSIM Compliance grants an exception, you will not be required to further certify during the quarterly and annual certification periods to the holdings or transactions in such Personal Account once the exception is granted. You will, however, be asked to confirm on an annual basis that there has been no change in the status of such discretionary or managed account and are required to provide timely notification of any change in the status of the account at the time of the change .

 

  B.

Transactional Exemptions

The following transactional exemptions apply:

 

   

All transactions in The Charles Schwab Corporation’s securities (equities, fixed income, options) are exempt from preclearance, blackout periods and the short-term profit prohibition , provided that you comply with the requirements outlined in The Charles Schwab Corporation’s Compliance Manual .

 

   

Non-Volitional Transactions are exempt from preclearance, blackout periods and the short-term profit prohibition . Please refer to Appendix A for more information on what qualifies as a Non-Volitional Transaction.

 

   

When establishing an automatic investment plan, direct stock purchase plan or other similar plans involving a Covered Security, enrollment in the plan must be approved by CSIM Compliance and the initial purchase of any Covered Securities in the plan must be pre-cleared. Subsequent investments of the applicable Covered Security pursuant to the plan are exempt from pre-clearance and blackout periods provided no changes to the plan have been made (i.e. changes to Covered Securities in the plan or investments made after the cancellation of the plan) since originally approved by CSIM Compliance. Changes to existing pre-cleared percentage allocations of Covered Securities pursuant to a plan are exempt from pre-clearance (e.g., changing the monthly allocation to a pre-cleared Covered Security from 5% to 8%). Please refer to Appendix A for more information on what qualifies as an Automatic Investment Plan.

 

   

Profits received from a sale of securities which were acquired as a result of exercising options received through a Stock Option Program are exempt from the short-term profits prohibition .

 

 

 

12


J.II.1.B.

 

Exceptions to Reporting Requirements

You do not need to include in your quarterly transaction reports any transactions made in any account over which you have no direct or indirect influence or control regarding specific security selection (i.e. investment discretion) or any Non-Volitional Transactions, provided CSIM Compliance is systematically receiving the transaction information or, if not, you provide quarterly account statements by upload to the Personal Trading Monitoring System

If you have any questions concerning whether or not an account or transaction is exempt from personal trading requirement or restrictions, you should contact your Supervisor or the CCO or his or her designee.

 

  C.

Other Exemptions

The CCO may approve other exemptions to certain restrictions and prohibitions of the Code after consideration of relevant facts and circumstances. Such exemptions are not automatic but rather granted on an exception basis and require either preclearance through the channels discussed above or other advance written approval from the CCO.

OTHER POTENTIAL CONFLICTS

GIFTS AND BUSINESS ENTERTAINMENT

The following applies to Access Persons with the exception of (i) Independent Trustees and (ii) Interested Trustees and/or directors of CSIM not responsible for day to day management of CSIM:

The giving and acceptance of gifts and/or business entertainment that influences or appears to influence the behavior of the recipient may compromise the reputation and integrity of CSIM, CS&Co., or the Funds. You should never accept or provide any gift or business entertainment that would violate the law, embarrass, or reflect poorly on CSIM, CS&Co. or the Funds. CSIM follows The Charles Schwab Corporation’s Compliance Manual’s chapter on Gifts, Business Entertainment, Loans  & Charitable Contributions Policy and, with respect to its directors and employees, has adopted more restrictive limits for the acceptance of gifts and business entertainment, which are detailed in the CSIM Gifts and Business Entertainment Policy and Procedures . You are responsible for understanding these policies and procedures and ensuring that your conduct with respect to the acceptance and provision of gifts and business entertainment is consistent with these procedures, including obtaining the appropriate approvals and reporting your gifts and business entertainment activity.

 

 

 

13


J.II.1.B.

 

SERVICE AS DIRECTOR OR PUBLIC OFFICIAL

All employees are prohibited from serving on the board of directors of any publicly traded company or in an official capacity for any federal, state, or local government (or governmental agency or instrumentality) without prior approval from the Compliance Disclosure Group through the Online Reporting System.

OUTSIDE EMPLOYMENT AND OTHER OUTSIDE ACTIVITIES

Employees may not engage in outside employment or other outside activity that conflicts or otherwise interferes with their duties and responsibilities. It is each employee responsibility to disclose and request approval for any such outside employment or business activity through the Online Reporting System.

COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE

Adherence to the Code is a basic condition of employment or service with CS&Co. and CSIM. CSIM Compliance monitors compliance with the Code, including reviewing Access Persons personal securities transactions and holdings reports, and reviews violations of the Code to determine what action or sanctions are appropriate. You are required to report any violations of the Code promptly to your supervisor or the CCO. Reports of all violations must be provided to the CCO. Violations may be reported to CSIM management as well as to the Funds’ boards of trustees.

Violations of the Code are taken seriously and may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination. Violations of the Code may also adversely affect your career with respect to such matters as compensation and advancement. Since many provisions of the Code also reflect provisions of the US securities laws, you should be aware that violations could also lead to enforcement action resulting in suspension or expulsion from the securities business, fines and penalties, and imprisonment. Questions regarding interpretation of the Code or questions related to specific situations should be directed to your supervisor or CSIM Compliance.

ADMINISTRATION, RECORDKEEPING AND REPORTING

CSIM Compliance is responsible for the administration of this Code. This includes identifying all Access Persons and notifying them of this classification and their obligations under this Code. CSIM Compliance will also maintain procedures for periodic reviews of Access Persons’ personal securities

 

 

 

14


J.II.1.B.

 

transactions. Such reviews are undertaken with regard to both the prohibitions and reporting requirements contained in the Code.

All records associated with this Code that are required to be retained by Federal Securities Laws will be maintained by CSIM Compliance for seven years and in an easily accessible place for at least five years. In addition, any record of any decision, and the reasons supporting the decision, to approve a hardship exemption or the acquisition by Access Persons of securities acquired in a Private Placement, will be maintained by CSIM Compliance for at least seven years after the end of the fiscal year in which the approval is granted.

At least annually, the president of each Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs trust, the president of CSIM and an executive of CS&Co., as principal underwriter to the Schwab Funds, (or their designees) will provide each Schwab Funds, Laudus Funds and Schwab ETFs trust’s board of trustees:

 

   

a written report of any issues arising under this Code, including any material violations and any sanctions imposed in response to these violations and

 

   

a certification that each has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent its Access Persons from violating the provisions of this Code.

 

 

 

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J.II.1.B.

 

A PPENDIX A: D EFINITIONS

An Automatic Investment Plan is a program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation. An “Automatic Investment Plan” includes among others, a 401K or similar retirement plan and dividend reinvestment plans commonly referred to as DRIPS.

Beneficial Ownership is interpreted in the same manner when determining whether a person has beneficial ownership of a security for purposes of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (“1934 Act”), and includes ownership by any person who, directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has or shares or direct or indirect pecuniary interest in a security.

Control has the same meaning as in Section (2)(a)(9) of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (“the 1940 Act”). Section 2(a)(9) provides that “control” means the power to exercise a controlling influence over the management or policies of a company, unless such power is solely the result of an official position with such company.

Ownership of more than 25% of a company’s outstanding voting securities is presumed to give the holder of such securities control over the company. The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) may determine, however, that the facts and circumstances of a given situation that may counter this presumption.

Federal Securities Laws refers to the Securities Act of 1933, the 1934 Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the 1940 Act, the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, any rules adopted by the SEC under any of these statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act as it applies to investment companies and investment advisers, and any rules adopted thereunder by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury.

A High Quality Short-Term Debt Instrument is any instrument having a maturity at issuance of less than 366 days and which is rated in one of the highest two rating categories by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization, or which is unrated but is of comparable quality.

An Initial Public Offering is an offering of securities registered under the 1933 Act, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Sections 13 or 15(d) of the 1934 Act.

An Independent Trustee is any Trustee of a Trust who is not an interested person of such Trust as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.

An Interested Trustee is any Trustee of a Trust who is an interested person of such Trust as defined in Section (a)(19) of the 1940 Act.

 

 

 

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J.II.1.B.

 

Investment Personnel includes:

 

   

portfolio managers

   

research analysts

   

credit analysts

   

traders

A Non-Volitional Transaction is one in which the Access Persons does not determine price or time of the transaction. Such transactions include:

 

   

acquisition of securities through stock dividends, automatic dividend reinvestment plans, stock splits, reverse stock splits, mergers, consolidations, spin-offs or other similar corporate reorganizations or distributions generally applicable to all holders of the same class of such securities; and

   

acquisition of securities through the exercise of rights issued by an issuer pro rata to all holders of a class of securities, to the extent the rights were acquired in the issue.

Transactions in a managed account or those made by an independent third party or adviser will not be considered non-volitional unless an Access Person requests and is granted an account level exemption.

A Private Placement is an offering that is exempt from registration under the 1933 Act pursuant to Section 4(2) or Section 4(6) or pursuant to Rule 504, Rule 505 or Rule 506 adopted thereunder.

A Stock Option Program allows an employee to buy a set number of shares of a company’s stock at a future date at a set price.

 

 

 

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