Registration Statement, Final Prospectus and Indenture. The Registration Statement has been declared effective by the SEC. At the time the Registration Statement was filed and at the time the Registration Statement became effective, the Registration Statement complied in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Trust Indenture Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder. As of the date hereof, when the Final Prospectus is first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, when, prior to the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined), any amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective (including the filing of any document incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement), when any supplement to the Final Prospectus is filed with the SEC and at the Closing Date, (i) the Registration Statement, as amended as of any such time, and the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented as of any such time, will comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act and the respective rules thereunder, (ii) the Registration Statement, as amended as of any such time, does not or will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading, and (iii) the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented as of any such time, does not or will not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that the Company makes no representations or warranties as to the information contained in or omitted from the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives or directly by any Underwriter specifically for use in connection with the preparation of the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus (it being understood and agreed that the only such information contained in the Registration Statement or Final Prospectus furnished by any Underwriter consists of such information described as such in one or more letters, each dated the

Closing Date (each an “Underwriter Blood Letter” and collectively, the “Underwriter Blood Letters”) delivered to the Company by the Representatives, on behalf of the Underwriters, or individually by any Underwriter. The Indenture complies in all material respects with the requirements of the Securities Act and the Securities Act Regulations and the Trust Indenture Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder.

Disclosure Package. At the Applicable Time, the Disclosure Package (including for greater certainty, the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum) does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. The preceding sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from the Disclosure Package based upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives or directly by any Underwriter specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in any Underwriter Blood Letter provided by such parties.

Filing Fee. The Company has paid the fees required by the SEC relating to the Notes calculated in accordance with Rule 457 under the Securities Act.

Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company is permitted to use each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus pursuant to Rule 164(e)(2) under the Securities Act. Each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus does not include any information that conflicts with the information contained in the Registration Statement, including any document incorporated by reference therein and any prospectus or prospectus supplement deemed to be a part thereof that has not been superseded or modified. The foregoing sentence does not apply to statements in or omissions from any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished to the Company by any Underwriter through the Representatives or directly by any Underwriter specifically for use therein, it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by or on behalf of any Underwriter consists of the information described as such in any Underwriter Blood Letter provided by such parties.

Financial Statements.

The financial statements (including the related notes thereto) of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus comply in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the Securities Act and the Exchange Act, as applicable, and present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries as of the dates indicated and

the results of operations and the changes in cash flows for the periods specified; such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) applied on a consistent basis throughout the periods covered thereby, and any supporting schedules included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement present fairly the information required to be stated therein; the other financial information of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus has been derived from the accounting records of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries and presents fairly the information shown thereby.

Since the date of the most recent financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, (i) there has not been any change in the capital stock (other than changes in common stock (including treasury stock) resulting from repurchases and issuances of common stock pursuant to director and employee compensation and other benefit plans described in, the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus), material increase in the long-term debt of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or any dividend or distribution of any kind declared, set aside for payment, paid or made by the Company on any class of capital stock, or any material adverse change in or affecting the business, properties, management, financial condition, stockholders’ equity, results of operations or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole; (ii) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has entered into any transaction or agreement (whether or not in the ordinary course of business) that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole or incurred any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole, other than in the ordinary course of business; and (iii) neither the Company nor any of its subsidiaries has sustained any loss or interference with its business that is material to the Company and its subsidiaries taken as a whole and that is either from fire, explosion, flood or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor disturbance or dispute or any action, order or decree of any court or arbitrator or governmental or regulatory authority, except, in each case, as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus.

KPMG LLP, who has certified certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, is an independent registered public accounting firm with respect to the Company and its subsidiaries within the applicable rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and the Public

Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) and as required by the Securities Act.

Authorization and Validity of this Agreement, the Indenture and the Notes. This Agreement has been duly authorized and, upon execution and delivery by the Representatives, will be a valid and binding agreement of the Company; the Notes have been duly authorized and, when the Notes are issued, authenticated and delivered pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement and the Indenture against the payment of the consideration therefor specified in this Agreement, the Notes will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with their terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, or by general equity principles, and except further as enforcement thereof may be limited by (i) requirements that a claim with respect to the Notes (or a foreign currency or foreign currency unit judgment in respect of such claim) be converted into U.S. dollars at a rate of exchange prevailing on a date determined pursuant to applicable law or (ii) governmental authority to limit, delay or prohibit the making of payments in foreign currency or currency units or payments outside the United States; the Indenture has been duly authorized and is a valid and binding obligation of the Company enforceable against the Company in accordance with its terms, except as enforcement thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting enforcement of creditors’ rights generally, or by general equity principles, and except further as enforcement thereof may be limited by (A) requirements that a claim with respect to the Notes (or a foreign currency or foreign currency unit judgment in respect of such claim) be converted into U.S. dollars at a rate of exchange prevailing on a date determined pursuant to applicable law or (B) governmental authority to limit, delay or prohibit the making of payments in foreign currency or currency units or payments outside the United States; the Notes will conform in all material respects to all statements relating thereto contained in the Final Prospectus and the Disclosure Package; and the Notes will be entitled to the benefits provided by the Indenture.

Legal Proceedings; Contracts. Except as described in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, there is no action, suit or proceeding before or by any court or governmental agency or body, domestic or foreign, now pending, or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against or affecting, the Company or any of its subsidiaries, which would reasonably be expected to result in any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business affairs or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries considered as one enterprise, or might materially affect the properties or assets thereof; and there are no contracts or documents of the Company or any of its subsidiaries which are required to be filed as exhibits to the Registration Statement by the Securities Act or by the Securities Act

Regulations which have not been so filed. There is no order, ruling or decision of any court or Canadian securities authority restricting or ceasing trading in any of the securities of the Company or suspending or preventing the use of the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum or the Canadian Offering Memorandum in effect or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened by any Canadian securities authority.

Investment Company Act of 1940. The Company is not subject to registration or regulation under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

Additional Certifications. Any certificate signed by any officer of the Company and delivered to the Underwriters or to counsel for the Underwriters pursuant to this Agreement shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to such Underwriter as to the matters covered thereby on the date of such certificate.

Notice of Certain Events. The Company will notify the Representatives immediately (i) of the effectiveness of any amendment to the Registration Statement, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the SEC with respect to the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Final Prospectus, if any, or the Final Prospectus, (iii) of any request by the SEC for any amendment to the Registration Statement or any amendment or supplement to the Final Prospectus or for additional information and (iv) of the issuance by the SEC of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, or of any notice that would prevent its use, or the initiation of any proceedings for that purpose. The Company will make every reasonable effort to prevent the issuance of any stop order or notice and, if any stop order or notice is issued, the Company will use its best efforts to obtain the withdrawal or lifting of such stop order or notice.

Notice of Certain Proposed Filings. The Company will not file any amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Final Prospectus prior to the Closing Date to which the Representatives reasonably object promptly after reasonable notice thereof, unless in the opinion of counsel to the Company such amendment or supplement is required by law; provided, however, that the foregoing requirement shall not apply to any of the Company’s periodic filings with the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, other than filings of Current Reports on Form 8-K (to which the foregoing requirement shall apply), copies of which filings the Company will cause to be delivered to the Representatives promptly after being transmitted for filing with the SEC. Neither the Representatives’ consent to, nor the Underwriters’ delivery of, any such amendment or supplement shall constitute a waiver of any of the conditions set forth in Section 7 of this Agreement.

Copies of the Registration Statement and the Final Prospectus. The Company will deliver to counsel for the Underwriters one manually signed and as many conformed copies as requested of the Registration Statement (as originally filed) and of each amendment thereto (including exhibits filed therewith or incorporated by reference therein and documents incorporated by reference in the Final Prospectus). The Company will furnish to each Underwriter, without charge, (i) as many copies of the Final Prospectus (as amended or supplemented) as such Underwriter shall reasonably request, so long as the Underwriter is required to deliver a Final Prospectus (including where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act) in connection with sales of the Notes, and (ii) as many copies of the Disclosure Package as such Underwriter shall reasonably request.

Preparation of Term Sheet. The Company will prepare a final term sheet with respect to the Notes in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A and will file such

term sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act not later than the time period specified therein. Such final term sheet shall be an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus.

Revisions of Final Prospectus—Material Changes. If, at any time when a prospectus relating to the Notes is required to be delivered under the Securities Act (including in circumstances where such requirement may be satisfied pursuant to Rule 172 under the Securities Act), any event occurs as a result of which the Final Prospectus, as then amended or supplemented, would include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary to make the statements therein in the light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, or if it shall be necessary to amend or supplement the Final Prospectus to comply with the Securities Act or the Exchange Act or the respective rules thereunder, including in connection with use or delivery of the Final Prospectus, the Company will promptly notify the Representatives and will, upon its request, prepare and file with the SEC an amendment or supplement which will correct such statement or omission or an amendment which will effect such compliance. Neither the Representatives’ request for, nor the Underwriters’ delivery of, any such amendment or supplement shall constitute a waiver of any of the conditions set forth in Section 7 hereof.

Revisions of Disclosure Package—Material Changes. If there occurs an event or development as a result of which the Disclosure Package would include an untrue statement of a material fact or would omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then prevailing, not misleading, the Company will promptly notify the Representatives so that any use of the Disclosure Package may cease until it is amended or supplemented and will, upon request of the Representatives, amend or supplement the Disclosure Package to correct such statement or omission.

Earnings Statements. The Company will make generally available to its security holders as soon as practicable, but not later than 90 days after the close of the period covered thereby, an earnings statement or statements of the Company and its subsidiaries (in form complying with the provisions of Rule 158 under the Securities Act) covering the twelve month period beginning not later than the first day of the Company’s fiscal quarter next following the “effective date” (as defined in such Rule 158) of the Registration Statement with respect to the sale of the Notes.

Blue Sky Qualifications. The Company will arrange to qualify the Notes for offering and sale under the applicable securities laws of such states and other jurisdictions of the United States as the Representatives may designate, and will maintain such qualifications in effect for as long as may be required for the distribution of the Notes; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to file any general consent to service of process, to subject itself to

taxation in any jurisdiction where it is not so subject or to qualify as a foreign corporation in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified. The Company will file such statements and reports as may be required by the laws of each jurisdiction in which the Notes have been qualified as above provided. The Company will promptly advise the Representatives of the receipt by the Company of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of the Notes for sale in any such state or jurisdiction or the initiating or threatening of any proceeding for such purpose.

Exchange Act Filings. The Company, during the period when the Final Prospectus is required to be delivered under the Securities Act, will, subject to subsection (b) of this Section, file promptly all documents required to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

Stand Off Agreement. During the period beginning on the date hereof and ending on the business day after the Closing Date, the Company will not, without the Representatives’ prior consent, offer or sell, announce the offering of or enter into any agreement to sell, any debt securities of the Company with terms substantially similar to those of the Notes (other than the Notes and commercial paper in the ordinary course of business).

Free Writing Prospectuses. The Company agrees that, unless it obtains the prior written consent of the Representatives, and each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees with the Company that, unless it has obtained or will obtain, as the case may be, the prior written consent of the Company, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Notes that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or that would otherwise constitute a Free Writing Prospectus required to be filed with the SEC or retained by the Company under Rule 433 under the Securities Act; provided that the prior written consent of the parties hereto shall be deemed to have been given in respect of any Free Writing Prospectus included in Schedule III hereto. Any such Free Writing Prospectus consented to by the Representatives or the Company is hereinafter referred to as a “Permitted Free Writing Prospectus.” The Company agrees that (x) it has treated and will treat, as the case may be, each Permitted Free Writing Prospectus as an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and (y) it has complied and will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 under the Securities Act applicable to any Permitted Free Writing Prospectus, including in respect of timely filing with the SEC, legending and record keeping.

Expenses. The Company will pay all expenses incidental to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement and all expenses incidental to all other matters in connection with the transactions herein set out, whether or not the transactions herein set out are completed, including, without limitation:

any filing fees or other expenses (including reasonable fees and disbursements of legal, accounting tax and other professional advisors for

the Underwriters) in connection with the qualification of the Notes for sale and determination of their eligibility for investment under the laws of such domestic and foreign jurisdictions as the Representatives may designate and the printing of memoranda relating thereto;

all fees or other expenses related to, or incidental to, the authorization, creation, preparing, issue, delivery and sale of the Notes;

all reasonable costs and out-of-pocket expenses incurred in the marketing of the Notes;

any fees charged by investment rating agencies for the rating of the Notes, along with any levies paid by the Underwriters to the Investment Industry Regulatory Organization of Canada;

any fees payable to any securities regulatory authorities in connection with the distribution of the Notes;

any travel expenses of the Company’s officers and employees and any other expenses of the Company in connection with attending or hosting meetings with prospective purchasers of Notes;

any fees of the Trustee and paying agent, authenticating agent and security registrar;

all of the Underwriters’ reasonable “out-of-pocket” expenses; and

all expenses incurred in printing and distributing the Basic Prospectus, Preliminary Final Prospectus, Free Writing Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum and the Canadian Offering Memorandum.

Suitability of Canadian Investors. The Underwriters agree to reasonably confirm that each Canadian investor who purchases the Notes is in compliance with the following:

the investor:

is an “accredited investor,” as such term is defined in National Instrument 45-106 – Prospectus Exemptions (“NI 45-106”) or Section 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), as applicable, and is not an individual (other than an individual who is a “permitted client” (as such term is defined in National Instrument 31-103 – Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations)); and

is either (i) purchasing the Notes as principal, or (ii) a trust company or trust corporation registered or authorized to carry on business under the Trust and Loan Companies Act (Canada) or under comparable legislation of a jurisdiction of Canada (other than a trust company or trust corporation registered solely under the laws of the Province of Prince Edward Island) or a foreign jurisdiction, acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by the trust company or trust corporation, as the case may be, or (iii) a person acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by that person, if that person is registered or authorized to carry on business as an advisor or the equivalent under the securities legislation of a jurisdiction of Canada or a foreign jurisdiction; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities as an accredited investor described in paragraph (m) of the definition of “accredited investor” in NI 45-106; or

the investor:

is not resident in or otherwise subject to the securities laws of the Province of Alberta;

is not an individual;

is purchasing Notes as principal with an aggregate acquisition cost of the Notes of not less than CAD $150,000 paid in cash; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities in reliance on the “minimum amount investment” exemption provided under Section 2.10 of NI 45-106 and it pre-existed the announcement of the Notes offering.

Additional Distributors. The Underwriters agree that, if it involves any members of any banking, selling or other group in the distribution of Notes, it will cause agreements and acknowledgements substantially the same as the agreements and acknowledgements contained in the foregoing subparagraph to be contained in an agreement with each of the members of such group in favour of the Company and shall use its reasonable efforts to cause the members of such group to comply with Canadian Securities Laws.

Each Underwriter agrees that its use of any Free Writing Prospectus not requiring consent of the Company hereunder complies or will comply, as the case may be, with the requirements of Rules 164 and 433 of the Securities Act (it being understood that in no event will any such Free Writing Prospectus constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus for purposes of this Agreement).

No stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, as amended from time to time, shall have been issued and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or threatened by the SEC; the Final Prospectus shall have been filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act not later than the close of business on the second business day following the execution and delivery of this Agreement; and the final term sheet contemplated by Section 4(d) hereto, and any other material required to be filed by the Company pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Securities Act, shall have been filed with the SEC within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433 under the Securities Act. No order, ruling or decision of any court or Canadian securities authority restricting or ceasing trading in any of the securities of the Company or suspending or preventing the use of the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum or the Canadian Offering Memorandum shall be in effect or threatened by any Canadian securities authority.

Legal Opinions. On the Closing Date, each Underwriter shall have received the following legal opinions, dated as of the Closing Date and in form and substance satisfactory to such Underwriter:

Opinion of Company Counsel. The opinion of John J. Muller, Senior Company Counsel of the Company, or another of the Company’s lawyers satisfactory to the Underwriters, dated the Closing Date to the effect that:

Opinion of Canadian Counsel to the Company. Canadian counsel for the Company shall have furnished to the Company and the Underwriters a written opinion, dated the Closing Date, substantively in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B.

Opinion of U.S. Counsel to the Underwriters. Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP, counsel to the Underwriters, shall have furnished to the Representatives an opinion covering the matters referred to in subsection (i) under the subheadings (A), (E), (F), (G), (I), (J) and (K) above, and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as it requests for the purpose of enabling it to pass upon such matters, dated the Closing Date.

In giving the opinions required by subsection (b)(i) and (b)(iii) of this Section 7, Mr. Muller, Senior Company Counsel of the Company, or such other of the Company’s lawyers, and Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP shall (i) each additionally state that such counsel has no reason to believe that the Registration Statement, at the time it became effective (other than (A) financial statements or other information of an accounting or financial nature contained therein, (B) statements furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of an Underwriter and (C) the Statements of Eligibility on Form T-1 included or incorporated by reference therein, as to which no statement need be made), contained an untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading or that the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented as of the date hereof and as of the date the opinion is being rendered (other than (A) financial statements or other information of an accounting or financial nature contained therein, (B) statements furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of an Underwriter and (C) the Statements of Eligibility on Form T-1 included or incorporated by reference therein, as to which no statement need be made), includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; and (ii) each additionally state that such counsel has no reason to believe that the Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, contains any untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading (other than (A) financial statements or other information of an

accounting or financial nature contained therein, (B) statements furnished in writing to the Company by or on behalf of an Underwriter and (C) the Statements of Eligibility on Form T-1 included or incorporated by reference therein, as to which no statement need be made); provided that for the purposes of this Section 7(b)(iv), “Disclosure Package” shall not include the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum.

Opinion of Canadian Counsel to the Underwriters. Canadian counsel for the Underwriters shall have furnished the Underwriters with a written opinion, dated the Closing Date, substantively in the form attached hereto as Exhibit C, and the Company shall have furnished to such Canadian counsel such documents as it requests for the purpose of enabling it to pass upon such matters, dated the Closing Date.

Officer’s Certificates. The Underwriters shall have received a certificate signed by any Senior Vice President or Executive Vice President and the principal financial or accounting officer of the Company (provided that no person shall sign such certificate in more than one official capacity) dated as of the Closing Date to the effect that:

since the date of the most recent financial statements included in the Final Prospectus, there has not been any material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business, properties or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, except as set forth in or contemplated in the Final Prospectus;

the representations and warranties of the Company contained in Section 1 of this Agreement are true and correct with the same force and effect as though expressly made at and as of the date of such certificate;

the Company has performed or complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on its part to be performed or satisfied at or prior to the date of such certificate;

no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, as amended, has been issued and no proceedings for that purpose have been initiated or threatened by the SEC; and

he or she has reviewed the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 14, 2020 (the “Current Report”) including the following financial information included in the Current Report and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and Final Prospectus: the Company’s unaudited incomplete consolidated balance sheet as of March 31, 2020, the related unaudited incomplete consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020

and the unaudited incomplete condensed consolidated statement of changes in total equity for the three-month period ended March 31, 2020 (collectively, the “Financial Information”); and such Financial Information is consistent with the Company’s accounting records, and is stated on a basis substantially consistent with that of the audited financial statements of the Company incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement and Final Prospectus.

Comfort Letter. On the Closing Date, KPMG LLP, who has certified certain financial statements of the Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, shall have furnished to the Representatives, at the request of the Company, a letter, dated the Closing Date and addressed to the Underwriters, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to the Representatives, containing statements and information of the type customarily included in accountants’ “comfort letters” to underwriters with respect to the financial statements and certain financial information contained or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus; provided, that the letter shall use a “cut-off” date no more than five business days prior to the Closing Date.

Ratings Letters. Immediately prior to the Closing Date, the Company shall deliver to the Underwriters, ratings letters confirming: (i) a “A- (Negative)” rating for the Notes from Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., (ii) a “AA (low) (Stable)” rating for the Notes from DBRS Limited; (iii) a “A2 (Stable)” rating for the Notes from Moody’s Investors Service, Inc.; and (iv) a “A+ (Negative)” rating for the Notes from Fitch Ratings Inc.

Other Documents. Counsel to the Underwriters shall have been furnished with such documents and opinions as such counsel may reasonably require for the purpose of enabling such counsel to pass upon the issuance and sale of Notes as herein contemplated and related proceedings, or in order to evidence the accuracy and completeness of any of the representations and warranties, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions, herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company in connection with the issuance and sale of Notes as herein contemplated shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Underwriters and to counsel for the Underwriters.

Material Adverse Change. As of the Closing Date, there shall have been no material adverse change in the condition, financial or otherwise, or in the earnings, business, properties, results of operations or business prospects of the Company and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole, whether or not in the ordinary course of business, from that set forth in the Disclosure Package and the Final Prospectus, as amended or supplemented as of the date hereof that, in the judgment of the Representatives, is material and adverse and makes it, in the judgment of the Representatives, impracticable to proceed to market and sell the

Notes on the terms and in the manner contemplated by the Disclosure Package or the Final Prospectus, as so amended or supplemented.

No Conflict. No action shall have been taken, to the Company’s knowledge, and no statute, rule, regulation or order shall have been enacted, adopted or issued by any federal, state or foreign governmental or regulatory authority that would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Notes; and no injunction or order of any federal, state or foreign court shall have been issued that would, as of the Closing Date, prevent the issuance or sale of the Notes.

The Company agrees to indemnify and hold harmless each Underwriter and each person who controls any Underwriter within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act against any and all losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, arising out of or based upon any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in the Registration Statement for the registration of the Notes as originally filed or in any amendment thereof, or in the Basic Prospectus, any Preliminary Final Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum, the Canadian Offering Memorandum or in any amendment thereof or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and agrees to reimburse each such indemnified party to the extent set forth below, as incurred, for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided, however, that the Company will not be liable in any

such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon any such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made therein in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by or on behalf of any Underwriter through the Representatives or directly by any Underwriter specifically for use therein (it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of such information described as such in any Underwriter Blood Letter provided by such parties). This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which the Company may otherwise have.

Each Underwriter, severally and not jointly, agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company, each of its directors, each of its officers who signs the Registration Statement, and each person who controls the Company within the meaning of either Section 15 of the Securities Act or Section 20 of the Exchange Act, to the same extent as the foregoing indemnity from the Company to each Underwriter, but only with reference to written information relating to such Underwriter furnished to the Company by or on behalf of such Underwriter through the Representatives or directly by any Underwriter for use in the preparation of the documents referred to in the foregoing indemnity (it being understood and agreed that the only such information furnished by any Underwriter consists of such information described as such in any Underwriter Blood Letter provided by such parties). This indemnity agreement will be in addition to any liability which any Underwriter may otherwise have.

Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under this Section 9 of notice of the commencement of any action (including any governmental investigation), such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under clause (a) or (b) of this Section 9, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party will not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under clause (a) or (b) of this Section 9. In case any such action is brought against any indemnified party, and it notifies the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate therein, and to the extent that it shall wish, jointly, with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party). In any such proceeding, any indemnified party shall have the right to obtain its own counsel, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless (i) the indemnifying party and the indemnified party shall have mutually agreed to the retention of such counsel or (ii) the named parties to any such proceeding (including any impleaded parties) include both the indemnified party and the indemnifying party and representation of both parties by the same counsel would be inappropriate due to actual or

potential conflicts of interests between them. It is understood that the indemnifying party shall not, in respect of the legal expenses of any indemnified party in connection with any proceeding or related proceedings in the same jurisdiction, be liable for the fees and expenses of more than one separate identified firm (in addition to any identified local counsel) for all such indemnified parties and that all such fees and expenses shall be reimbursed as they are incurred. Such firm shall be designated in writing by the Representatives in the case of parties to be indemnified pursuant to paragraph (a) of this Section 9 and by the Company in the case of parties to be indemnified pursuant to paragraph (b) of this Section 9. An indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any proceeding effected without its prior written consent, but if settled with such consent or if there be a final judgment for the plaintiff, the indemnifying party agrees to indemnify the indemnified party from and against any loss or liability by reason of such settlement or judgment. No indemnifying party shall, without the prior written consent of the indemnified party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed), effect any settlement of any pending or threatened proceeding in respect of which any indemnified party is a party and indemnity could have been sought hereunder by such indemnified party, unless such settlement (i) includes an unconditional release of such indemnified party from all liability on claims that are the subject matter of such proceeding and (ii) does not include a statement as to, or an admission of, fault, culpability or a failure to act by or on behalf of the indemnified party.

To the extent the indemnification provided for in Section 9(a) or 9(b) hereof is unavailable to an indemnified party or insufficient in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities referred to therein, then each indemnifying party under such paragraph, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party thereunder, shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (i) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and each Underwriter, on the other hand, from the offering of such Notes or (ii) if the allocation provided by clause (i) above is not permitted by applicable law, in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only the relative benefits referred to in clause (i) above but also the relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and each Underwriter, on the other hand, in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company, on the one hand, and each Underwriter, on the other hand, in connection with the offering of such Notes shall be deemed to be in the same respective proportions as the total net proceeds from the offering of such Notes (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total discounts and commissions received by each Underwriter in respect thereof. The relative fault of the Company, on the one hand, and each Underwriter, on the other hand, shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to

state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company or by such Underwriter and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. Each Underwriter’s obligation to contribute pursuant to this Section 9 shall be several in the proportion that the principal amount of Notes the sale of which by such Underwriter gave rise to such losses, claims, damages or liabilities bears to the aggregate principal amount of Notes the sale of which by all Underwriters gave rise to such losses, claims, damages or liabilities, and not joint.

The Company and the Underwriters agree that it would not be just or equitable if contribution pursuant to Section 9(d) hereof were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the Underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Section 9(d) hereof. The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in Section 9(d) hereof shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Section 9, no Underwriter shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the Notes referred to in Section 9(d) hereof that were offered and sold to the public through such Underwriter exceeds the amount of any damages that such Underwriter has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11 (f) of the Securities Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation.

Each Underwriter severally agrees that it will timely file with the Corporate Financing Department of FINRA any documents required to be filed under Rule 5110 of the FINRA Rules relating to the offering of the Notes.

In relation to Canada, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that:

the Underwriters have taken or will take reasonable steps to confirm that each purchaser of Notes in the Offering Jurisdictions (as such term is defined in the opinion of Canadian counsel attached hereto as Exhibit B) that is purchasing under the “accredited investor exemption” meets the criteria set out in Section 6(a)(i) and any other terms and conditions of the “accredited investor exemption” as defined in NI 45-106 (collectively, the “AI Requirements”) and shall obtain, as necessary, and retain relevant information and documentation to evidence the steps taken to verify compliance with the AI Requirements in accordance with its usual document retention policies and procedures in compliance with applicable law, and provide to the Company forthwith upon request all such information or documentation as the Company may reasonably request in good faith and solely for the purpose of verifying compliance with the AI Requirements;

(i) no sales or offers will be made in violation of the terms of this Agreement, and (ii) no sales or offers will be made to any purchasers except those who are described in Sections 6(a)(i) and (ii);

it has not provided and will not provide to any Canadian purchaser any document or other material that would constitute an offering memorandum (as defined under applicable Canadian Securities Laws) other than (i) the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum, (ii) the Canadian Offering Memorandum and (iii) any other documentation forming part of the Disclosure Package; and

it is duly registered as an “investment dealer” or “exempt market dealer” as defined under Canadian Securities Laws or is otherwise exempt from the dealer registration requirements of Canadian Securities Laws in connection with the offer and sale of the Notes to Canadian purchasers.

In relation to the European Economic Area, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees, with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the Notes are not intended to be offered, sold or otherwise made available to and should not be offered, sold or otherwise made available to any retail investor in the European Economic Area. For the purposes of this Section 11(c):

the expression “retail investor” means a person who is one (or more) of the following:

the expression “offer” includes the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Notes offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the Notes.

In relation to Hong Kong, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the Notes may not be offered or sold in Hong Kong by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a “prospectus” within the meaning of the Companies (Winding Up and Miscellaneous Provisions) Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the Notes may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are

likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to the Notes which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to “professional investors” within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.

In relation to Japan, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that:

the Notes have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (the “Financial Instruments and Exchange Law”); and

it will not, directly or indirectly, offer or sell any Notes in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.

In relation to Singapore, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the Basic Prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, the Basic Prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Notes may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the Notes be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the “SFA”), (ii) to a relevant person pursuant to Section 275(1) of the SFA, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A) of the SFA, and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.

In relation to Switzerland, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the Notes may not be publicly offered, directly or indirectly, in Switzerland within the meaning of the Swiss Financial Services Act (the “FinSA”) and will not be admitted to trading venue (exchange or multilateral trading facility) in Switzerland. None of the Basic Prospectus or the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) or any other offering or marketing material relating to the Notes constitutes a prospectus as such term is understood pursuant to FinSA and none of the Basic Prospectus or the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) or any other offering or marketing material relating to the Notes may be publicly distributed or otherwise made publicly available in Switzerland.

In relation to Taiwan, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the offer or sale of the Notes have not been and will not be registered with, or approved by, the Financial Supervisory Commission of Taiwan pursuant to relevant securities laws and regulations of Taiwan, and the Notes may not be offered or sold in Taiwan. No person or entity in Taiwan has been authorized to offer or sell the Notes in Taiwan.

In relation to the United Arab Emirates, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that the Basic Prospectus and the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) do not constitute, and are not intended to constitute, a solicitation or a public offer of the Notes in the United Arab Emirates and accordingly should not be construed as such. The Notes listed in the Basic Prospectus or the Final Prospectus have not been approved by or licensed or registered with the Central Bank, the Securities and Commodities Authority or any other relevant licensing authorities or governmental agencies in the United Arab Emirates.

In relation to the United Kingdom, each Underwriter severally represents and agrees with respect to the Notes offered or sold by it, that in the United Kingdom the Basic Prospectus and the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) are only directed at non-retail investors (being persons who are not retail investors in Section 11(c)(i) hereof) who are also (i) persons having professional experience in matters relating to investments who fall within the definition of “investment professionals” in Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the “Order”) or (ii) high net worth bodies corporate, unincorporated associations and partnerships and trustees of high value trusts as described in Article 49(2) of the Order (all such persons together being referred to as “relevant persons”). In the United Kingdom, any investment or investment activity to which the Basic Prospectus and the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) relates is only available to, and will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person in the United Kingdom who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on the Basic Prospectus and the Final Prospectus (including any amendments thereto) or any of their contents. Each person in the United Kingdom who purchases Notes will be deemed to have represented and warranted that they are a relevant person.

In the event that the offer or sale of the Notes by an Underwriter in any jurisdiction requires any action on the part of the Company in or with respect to such jurisdiction, such Underwriter represents and agrees that it will (i) inform the Company that the Company is required to take such action prior to the time such action is required to be taken, and (ii) cooperate with and assist the Company in complying with such requirements. Each Underwriter severally agrees that it will, to the best of its knowledge and belief, comply with all applicable securities laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction in which it purchases, offers, sells or delivers the Notes or possesses or distributes any Preliminary Final Prospectus, the Final Prospectus, any Free Writing Prospectus or any other offering material relating to the Notes, and will use its reasonable efforts to obtain any required consent, approval or permission for its purchase, offer, sale or delivery of the Notes under the laws and regulations in force in any jurisdiction to which it is subject or in which it makes any such purchases, offers, sales or deliveries.

Recognition of the U.S. Special Resolution Regimes.

In the event that any party that is a Covered Entity becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, the transfer from such party of this Agreement and any interest and obligation in or under this Agreement will be effective to the same extent as the transfer would be effective under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement, and any such interest and obligation, were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States.

In the event that any party that is a Covered Entity or any BHC Act Affiliate of such party becomes subject to a proceeding under a U.S. Special Resolution Regime, Default Rights under this Agreement that may be exercised against such party are permitted to be exercised to no greater extent than such Default Rights could be exercised under the U.S. Special Resolution Regime if this Agreement were governed by the laws of the United States or a state of the United States. The requirements of this Section 12(a) apply notwithstanding Section 12(b) hereof.

Limitation on the Exercise of Certain Rights Related to Affiliate Insolvency Proceedings.

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement or any other agreement, but subject to the requirements of Section 12(a) hereof, no party to this Agreement shall be permitted to exercise any Default Right against a party that is a Covered Entity with respect to this Agreement that is related, directly or indirectly, to a BHC Act Affiliate of such party becoming subject to Insolvency Proceedings, except to the extent the exercise of such Default Right would be permitted under the creditor protection provisions of 12 C.F.R. § 252.84, 12 C.F.R. § 47.5, or 12 C.F.R. § 382.4, as applicable.

After a BHC Act Affiliate of a party that is a Covered Entity has become subject to Insolvency Proceedings, if any party to this Agreement seeks to exercise any Default Right against such Covered Entity with respect to this Agreement, the party seeking to exercise a Default Right shall have the burden of proof, by clear and convincing evidence, that the exercise of such Default Right is permitted hereunder.

Definitions. For purposes of this Section 12 the following definitions will apply:

“BHC Act Affiliate” of a party means an “affiliate” (as such term is defined under, and interpreted in accordance with, 12 U.S.C. § 1841(k)) of such party;

“Covered Entity” means any of the following:

“Default Right” has the meaning assigned to that term in, and shall be interpreted in accordance with, 12 C.F.R. §§ 252.81, 47.2 or 382.1, as applicable;

“Insolvency Proceeding” means a receivership, insolvency, liquidation, resolution, or similar proceeding;

“U.S. Special Resolution Regime” means each of (i) the Federal Deposit Insurance Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder and (ii) Title II of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

By:

/s/ Peter Hawkrigg

Peter Hawkrigg

Managing Director

By:

/s/ Darin E. Deschamps

Darin E. Deschamps

By:  

/s/ Michael Cleary

Michael Cleary

Managing Director

By:

/s/ Graham Fry

Graham Fry

Director

CIBC WORLD MARKETS INC.

By:

/s/ Amber Choudhry

Name: Amber Choudhry

Title: Managing Director

TD SECURITIES INC.

By:

/s/ Greg McDonald

Name: Greg McDonald

Title: Director

DESJARDINS SECURITIES INC.

By:  

/s/ Ryan Godfrey

Name: Ryan Godfrey

Title: Managing Director

NATIONAL BANK FINANCIAL INC.

By:

/s/ Tushar Kittur

Name: Tushar Kittur

0.35%

99.65%, plus accrued interest, if any, from May 1, 2020

C$996,500,000.00

2.568%; payable semi-annually in arrears from the settlement date to, but excluding, May 1, 2025 (the “Fixed Rate Period”).

Three-month CDOR plus 177 basis points, subject to the Minimum Interest Rate, payable quarterly in arrears from, and including, May 1, 2025 to, but excluding, the Maturity Date (the “Floating Rate Period”).

0% per annum

CDOR, as defined, and subject to the terms and provisions set forth in the Preliminary Final Prospectus.

Three months

During the Fixed Rate Period, the Notes will bear interest from the settlement date to, but excluding, May 1, 2025 at a fixed annual rate of 2.568%, payable in equal semi-annual installments on May 1 and November 1 in each year, with the first payment of interest due on November 1, 2020 and the last payment of interest due on May 1, 2025.

During the Floating Rate Period, the Notes will bear interest from, and including May 1, 2025 to, but excluding, maturity at a rate equal to three-month CDOR plus 1.77%, subject to the Minimum Interest Rate, payable on August 1, 2025, November 1, 2025, February 1, 2026 and May 1, 2026, subject to adjustment in accordance with the modified following business day convention (adjusted).

CAN 1.25% due March 1, 2025

0.423%

+214.5 basis points

2.568%

The Issuer may redeem the Notes at its option, (a) in whole, but not in part, on May 1, 2025, or (b) in whole at any time    

Documentation

the Underwriting Agreement;

the Canadian Offering Memorandum; and

the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum of the Company dated ●, 2020 (the “Preliminary Offering Memorandum”).

Jurisdiction

Scope of Examinations

Assumptions and Reliances

the deemed representations, warranties, acknowledgements and certifications made by the Purchasers under the Canadian Offering Memorandum are true and correct on the date of this letter, including, without limitation:

the Purchaser,

is an “accredited investor,” as such term is defined in NI 45-106 or Section 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), as applicable, and is not an individual (other than an individual who is a “permitted client” (as such term is defined in National Instrument 31-103 – Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations)); and

is either:

purchasing the Notes as principal, or

a trust company or trust corporation registered or authorized to carry on business under the Trust and Loan Companies Act (Canada) or under comparable legislation of a

jurisdiction of Canada (other than a trust company or trust corporation registered solely under the laws of the Province of Prince Edward Island) or a foreign jurisdiction, acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by the trust company or trust corporation, as the case may be, or

a person acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by that person, if that person is registered or authorized to carry on business as an advisor or the equivalent under the securities legislation of a jurisdiction of Canada or a foreign jurisdiction; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities as an accredited investor described in paragraph (m) of the definition of “accredited investor” in NI 45-106; or

the Purchaser:

is not resident in or otherwise subject to the securities laws of the Province of Alberta;

is not an individual;

is purchasing Notes as principal with an aggregate acquisition cost of the Notes of not less than CAD $150,000 paid in cash; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities in reliance on the “minimum amount investment” exemption provided under Section 2.10 of NI 45-106 and it pre-existed the announcement of the offering.

the Company is not in the business of trading in securities or holding itself out as engaging in the business of trading in securities so as to require it to be registered under the registration requirements of the applicable securities laws of the Provinces of British Columbia, Alberta, Ontario and Québec;

no offering memorandum within the meaning of the Securities Act (Ontario) and the rules and regulations under the Securities Act (Ontario) has been delivered in connection with the offer and sale of the Notes to the Purchasers other than the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the Canadian Offering Memorandum; and

that at the time of any distribution of or trade in the Notes, no order, ruling or decision is in effect that restricts any trades in the Notes or that affects any person or company that engages in any such trades, including, without limitation, any cease trade orders.

Opinions

with the British Columbia Securities Commission on Form 45-106F1 prepared and executed in accordance with NI 45-106, accompanied by any applicable prescribed fees;

with the Alberta Securities Commission on Form 45-106F1 prepared and executed in accordance with NI 45-106, accompanied by any applicable prescribed fees;

with the Ontario Securities Commission on Form 45-106F1 prepared and executed in accordance with NI 45-106, accompanied by any applicable prescribed fees, together with a copy of the Canadian Offering Memorandum; and

with the Autorité des marchés financiers on Form 45-106F1 prepared and executed in accordance with NI 45-106, accompanied by any applicable prescribed fees, and to file without delay after the date of such trades a copy of the Canadian Offering Memorandum with the Autorité des marchés financiers.

Examinations

the Underwriting Agreement;

the Canadian Offering Memorandum; and

the preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum of the Company dated ●, 2020 (the “Preliminary Offering Memorandum”).

Law

Assumptions and Qualifications

the genuineness of all signatures, the legal capacity of all individuals, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals and the conformity to authentic originals of all documents submitted to us as notarial, certified, conformed, electronic or photostatic copies or as facsimiles thereof;

that each Underwriter is duly registered or is exempt from registration under Securities Laws as of the date hereof as a broker, investment dealer or securities dealer and has complied with all laws applicable to it, including any limitations on its activities because of the category in which it is registered or exempt from being registered, as the case may be, in arranging for the purchase of the Notes by the Purchasers;

that each Purchaser has received a copy of the Canadian Offering Memorandum;

the deemed representations, warranties, acknowledgements and certifications made by the Purchasers under the Canadian Offering Memorandum are true and correct on the date of this letter, including, without limitation:

the Purchaser,

is an “accredited investor,” as such term is defined in NI 45-106 or Section 73.3(1) of the Securities Act (Ontario), as applicable, and is not an individual (other than an individual who is a “permitted client” (as such term is defined in National Instrument 31-103 – Registration Requirements, Exemptions and Ongoing Registrant Obligations)); and

is either:

purchasing the Notes as principal, or

a trust company or trust corporation registered or authorized to carry on business under the Trust and Loan Companies Act (Canada) or under comparable legislation of a jurisdiction of Canada (other than a trust company or trust corporation registered solely under the laws of the Province of Prince Edward Island) or a foreign jurisdiction, acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by the trust company or trust corporation, as the case may be, or

a person acting on behalf of a fully managed account managed by that person, if that person is registered or authorized to carry on business as an advisor or the equivalent under the securities legislation of a jurisdiction of Canada or a foreign jurisdiction; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities as an accredited investor described in paragraph (m) of the definition of “accredited investor” in NI 45-106; or

the Purchaser:

is not resident in or otherwise subject to the securities laws of the Province of Alberta;

is not an individual;

is purchasing Notes as principal with an aggregate acquisition cost of the Notes of not less than CAD150,000 paid in cash; and

was not created or used solely to purchase or hold securities in reliance on the “minimum amount investment” exemption provided under Section 2.10 of NI 45-106 and it pre-existed the announcement of the offering.

the Company is not in the business of trading in securities or holding itself out as engaging in the business of trading in securities so as to require it to be registered under the registration requirements of Securities Laws;

the Offering was made exclusively under the Preliminary Canadian Offering Memorandum and Canadian Offering Memorandum and was not made through an advertisement of the Notes in any printed media of general and regular paid circulation, radio, television or telecommunications;

no offering memorandum within the meaning of Securities Laws has been delivered in connection with the offer and sale of the Notes to the Purchasers other than the Preliminary Offering Memorandum and the Canadian Offering Memorandum; and

that at all material times, no order of a competent regulatory authority will have been issued to cease the trade or distribution of any of the Notes or any other securities of the Company or that affects any person or company who engages in such a trade and no court judgment, order, decree, injunction, decision or ruling will be in effect which prevents the trade or distribution of any of the Notes or other securities of the Company or that affects any person or company who engages in such a trade.

Opinions

Limitation