Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) 2020-07-31 Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust 2020-11-25 0001501825 false 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 N-1A 485BPOS HCRB HMOP HSRT HTAB HTRB Highest 2019-03-31 Lowest 2018-03-31 year-to-date return 2020-09-30 2017-12-13 2017-12-13 2017-12-13 Highest 2019-03-31 Lowest 2019-12-31 year-to-date return 2020-09-30 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 2018-05-30 Highest 2019-03-31 Lowest 2018-03-31 year-to-date return 2020-09-30 2017-09-27 2017-09-27 2017-09-27 Highest 2019-03-31 Lowest 2019-12-31 year-to-date return 2020-09-30 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 2018-04-18 0.2600 1.7700 0.6700 0.2900 0.4100 1.6500 0.7900 6.5900 0.0144 0.0787 0.0312 0.0098 0.0323 0.0688 0.0278 0.0101 0.0238 0.0078 0.1051 0.0382 0.0158 0.0702 0.0787 0.0360 0.0058 0.0432 0001501825 hfett:S000067959Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000067959Member hfett:C000217911Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member hfett:C000193047Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member hfett:C000193047Member hfett:ReturnBeforeTaxesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member hfett:C000193047Member rr:AfterTaxesOnDistributionsMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member hfett:C000193047Member hfett:AfterTaxesonDistributionsandSaleofFundSharesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058871Member hfett:BloombergBarclaysMunicipalBond115YearBlend117IndexMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member hfett:C000200624Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member hfett:C000200624Member hfett:ReturnBeforeTaxesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member hfett:C000200624Member rr:AfterTaxesOnDistributionsMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member hfett:C000200624Member hfett:AfterTaxesonDistributionsandSaleofFundSharesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000061914Member hfett:BloombergBarclays13YearUSGovernmentCreditIndexMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member hfett:C000193049Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member hfett:C000193049Member hfett:ReturnBeforeTaxesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member hfett:C000193049Member rr:AfterTaxesOnDistributionsMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member hfett:C000193049Member hfett:AfterTaxesonDistributionsandSaleofFundSharesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000058872Member hfett:BloombergBarclaysMunicipalBondIndexMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member hfett:C000189003Member 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member hfett:C000189003Member hfett:ReturnBeforeTaxesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member hfett:C000189003Member rr:AfterTaxesOnDistributionsMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member hfett:C000189003Member hfett:AfterTaxesonDistributionsandSaleofFundSharesMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 hfett:S000057958Member hfett:BloombergBarclaysUSAggregateBondIndexMember 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 0001501825 2020-11-25 2020-11-25 xbrli:pure iso4217:USD
As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 25, 2020
File Nos. 333-215165/811-23222

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM N-1A
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
Pre-Effective Amendment No.
Post-Effective Amendment No. 26
and/or
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940
Amendment No. 28
HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Charter)
690 Lee Road
Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087
(Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code)
Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code: (610) 386-4068
Thomas R. Phillips, Esquire
Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC
690 Lee Road
Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087
(Name and Address of Agent for Service)
Copy to:
John V. O’Hanlon, Esquire
Dechert LLP
One International Place, 40th Floor
100 Oliver Street
Boston, Massachusetts 02110-2605
It is proposed that this filing will become effective (check appropriate box):
immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485
on (Date) pursuant to paragraph (b) of Rule 485
60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485
on (Date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) of Rule 485
75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
on (Date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485
If appropriate, check the following box:
This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment.

Hartford Exchange-Traded Funds
Prospectus
November 25, 2020
 
Ticker
Exchange
Hartford Core Bond ETF
HCRB
Cboe BZX
Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF
HMOP
NYSE Arca
Hartford Short Duration ETF
HSRT
Cboe BZX
Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF
HTAB
NYSE Arca
Hartford Total Return Bond ETF
HTRB
NYSE Arca
Beginning on January 1, 2021, as permitted by regulations adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, paper copies of the Funds’ shareholder reports will no longer be sent by mail, unless you specifically request paper copies of the reports from the Fund or from your financial intermediary, such as a broker-dealer or bank. Instead, the reports will be made available on the Funds’ website (hartfordfunds.com). You will be notified by mail each time a report is posted and provided with a website link to access the report. You may at any time elect to receive paper copies of all shareholder reports free of charge by contacting your financial intermediary. Your election to receive reports in paper will apply to all Hartford Funds held in your account. If you previously elected to receive shareholder reports and other communications electronically, you will not be affected by this change and you need not take any action. You may elect to receive shareholder reports and other communications electronically anytime by contacting your financial intermediary.
Neither the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission nor the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission has approved or disapproved these securities, or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. Because you could lose money by investing in the Funds, be sure to read all risk disclosures carefully before investing.

Contents

Hartford Core Bond ETF Summary Section
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE. The Fund seeks to provide long-term total return.
YOUR EXPENSES. The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or the examples below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment:
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management fees
0.29%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees
None
Other expenses
0.00%
Total annual fund operating expenses
0.29%
Example. The examples below are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other exchange-traded funds. The examples assume that:
Your investment has a 5% return each year
The Fund’s operating expenses remain the same
Your actual costs may be higher or lower. Based on these assumptions, for every $10,000 invested, you would pay the following expenses if you sell all of your shares at the end of each time period indicated:
Year 1
Year 3
$ 30
$ 93
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the examples, affect the Fund’s performance. From February 19, 2020 (commencement of operations) through  July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 26% (excluding to be announced (TBA) roll transactions) of the average value of its portfolio. If TBA roll transactions were included, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate would have been 177% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in fixed income securities that Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) considers to be attractive from a total return perspective. The Fund invests, under normal circumstances, at least 80% of its net assets (including any borrowings for investment purposes) in fixed-income securities. The Fund will invest primarily in investment grade fixed income securities. The Fund may invest in securities and other instruments issued by both U.S. and foreign issuers.
The fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, (1) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (2) non-convertible and convertible debt securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or other issuers (including foreign issuers); (3) asset-backed and mortgage-related securities, including collateralized mortgage and loan obligations; and (4) securities and loans issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by a sovereign government or one of its agencies or political subdivisions (including quasi-sovereigns), supranational entities such as development banks, non-U.S. corporations, banks or bank holding companies, or other foreign issuers.
The Fund may use derivatives to manage portfolio risk or for other investment purposes. The derivatives in which the Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, futures and options contracts and various types of swap agreements. Additionally, the Fund may invest up to 25% of its net assets in debt securities, primarily U.S. dollar denominated debt securities, of foreign issuers. The Fund may purchase or sell securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis, including securities acquired or sold in the “to be announced” (TBA) market. The Fund may invest in “Rule 144A” securities, which are privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers. The Fund may trade securities actively. Although the Fund may invest in securities and other instruments of any maturity or duration, the Fund normally invests in debt securities with
3

a maturity of at least one year and maintains an average duration within 1.5 years of the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index, the Fund’s performance benchmark. As of September 30, 2020, the average duration of the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index was 6.08 years. There is no limit on the average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio.
The investment team is organized with generalist portfolio managers leading sector, rates and risk positioning decisions. The portfolio managers may allocate a portion of the Fund’s assets to specialists within Wellington Management who drive individual sector and security selection strategies.
PRINCIPAL RISKS. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective.
Market Risk – Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities of a company may decline in value due to its financial prospects and activities, including certain operational impacts, such as data breaches and cybersecurity attacks. Securities may also decline in value due to general market and economic movements and trends, including adverse changes to credit markets.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in the Fund’s income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates in the U.S. remain near historic lows. Actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance.
Credit Risk – Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Periods of market volatility may increase credit risk.
Derivatives Risk − Derivatives are instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than other types of investments and could result in losses that significantly exceed the Fund’s original investment. Successful use of derivative instruments by the Fund depends on the sub-adviser’s judgment with respect to a number of factors and the Fund’s performance could be worse and/or more volatile than if it had not used these instruments. In addition, the fluctuations in the value of derivatives may not correlate perfectly with the value of any portfolio assets being hedged, the performance of the asset class to which the sub-adviser seeks exposure, or the overall securities markets.
Leverage Risk − Certain transactions, such as the use of derivatives, may give rise to leverage. Leverage can increase market exposure, increase volatility in the Fund, magnify investment risks, and cause losses to be realized more quickly. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet asset segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so.
Futures and Options Risks − Futures and options may be more volatile than direct investments in the securities underlying the futures and options, may not correlate perfectly to the underlying securities, may involve additional costs, and may be illiquid. Futures and options also may involve the use of leverage as the Fund may make a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if futures or options had not been used. Futures and options are also subject to the risk that the other party to the transaction may default on its obligation.
4

Swaps Risk − A swap is a contract that generally obligates the parties to exchange payments based on a specified reference security, basket of securities, security index or index component. Swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities because swaps may be leveraged and are subject to counterparty risk (e.g., the risk of a counterparty defaulting on the obligation or bankruptcy), credit risk and pricing risk (i.e., swaps may be difficult to value). Certain swaps may also be considered illiquid. It may not be possible for the Fund to liquidate a swap position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
Call Risk − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during a period of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early, which may reduce the Fund’s income if the proceeds are reinvested at lower interest rates.
Active Investment Management Risk − The risk that, if the sub-adviser’s investment strategy, including allocating assets to specialist portfolio managers, does not perform as expected, the Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. The investment styles employed by the specialist portfolio managers may not be complementary, which could adversely affect the performance of the Fund. There is no guarantee that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.
Liquidity Risk − The risk that the market for a particular investment or type of investment is or becomes relatively illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell that investment at an advantageous time or price. Illiquidity may be due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value and their value may be lower than the market price of comparable liquid securities, which would negatively affect the Fund's performance.
Foreign Investments Risk − Investments in foreign securities may be riskier, more volatile, and less liquid than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between the U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including the less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, as well as political and economic developments in foreign countries and regions and the U.S. (including the imposition of sanctions, tariffs, or other governmental restrictions), may affect the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities. Changes in currency exchange rates may also adversely affect the Fund’s foreign investments. The impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
Mortgage-Related and Asset-Backed Securities Risk − Mortgage-related and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage-related securities are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, “prepayment risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates) and “extension risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates). If the Fund invests in mortgage-related or asset-backed securities that are subordinated to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, which generally align the characteristics of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac certificates, are a recent innovation and the effect they may have on the market for mortgage-related securities is uncertain.
Collateralized Loan Obligations Risk− Collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) bear many of the same risks as other forms of asset-backed securities. As they are backed by pools of loans, CLOs also bear similar risks to investing in loans directly. CLOs may experience substantial losses attributable to loan defaults. Losses caused by defaults on underlying assets are borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. The Fund’s investment in CLOs may decrease in market value when the CLO experiences loan defaults or credit impairment, the disappearance of a subordinate tranche, or market anticipation of defaults and investor aversion to CLO securities as a class.
To Be Announced (TBA) Transactions Risk − TBA investments include when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments. TBA transactions involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. The Fund is subject to this risk whether or not the Fund takes delivery of the securities on the settlement date for a transaction. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund loses both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay
5

for the security and any gain in the security’s price. The Fund may also take a short position in a TBA investment when it owns or has the right to obtain, at no added cost, identical securities. If the Fund takes such a short position, it may reduce the risk of a loss if the price of the securities declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit if the price rises.
Restricted Securities Risk − Restricted securities are subject to the risk that they may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund prefers.
Event Risk − Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.
U.S. Government Securities Risk − Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations.
Market Price Risk − The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the Fund’s listing exchange. Although it is expected that the Fund’s shares will remain listed on the exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the investment manager nor the Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether the Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund’s holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. In addition, unlike many ETFs, the Fund is not an index fund. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent the Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings.
Cash Transactions Risk − The Fund, unlike certain other ETFs, may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. Because the Fund may effect redemptions for cash rather than in-kind, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds and it may subsequently recognize gains on such sales that the Fund might not have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk – Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption
6

transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Active Trading Risk − Active trading could increase the Fund's transaction costs and may increase your tax liability as compared to a fund with less active trading policies. These effects may adversely affect Fund performance.
The Fund is subject to certain other risks, which are discussed in "Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks" in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
PAST PERFORMANCE. Because the Fund had not yet commenced operations as of December 31, 2019, no performance history has been provided. Performance information will be available at hartfordfunds.com. Keep in mind that past performance does not indicate future results.
MANAGEMENT. The Fund’s investment manager is Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC. The Fund’s sub-adviser is Wellington Management.
Portfolio Manager
Title
Involved with Fund Since
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2020
Campe Goodman, CFA
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2020
Robert D. Burn, CFA
Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2020
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer and may not be purchased or redeemed directly with the Fund. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). When buying and selling Fund shares on an exchange, therefore, investors may incur costs related to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Fund shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Fund shares (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares at NAV that have been aggregated into blocks of shares (“Creation Units”) to authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) who have entered into participation agreements with the Fund‘s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”). The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of securities and/or cash that the Fund specifies each business day. Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
TAX INFORMATION. The Fund’s distributions are generally taxable, and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund’s related companies may pay the intermediary for services and/or data related to the sale of Fund shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
7

Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF Summary Section
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE. The Fund seeks to provide current income that is generally exempt from federal income taxes and long-term total return.
YOUR EXPENSES. The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or the examples below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment:
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management fees
0.29%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees
None
Other expenses
0.00%
Total annual fund operating expenses
0.29%
Example. The examples below are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other exchange-traded funds. The examples assume that:
Your investment has a 5% return each year
The Fund’s operating expenses remain the same
Your actual costs may be higher or lower. Based on these assumptions, for every $10,000 invested, you would pay the following expenses if you sell all of your shares at the end of each time period indicated:
Year 1
Year 3
Year 5
Year 10
$ 30
$ 93
$ 163
$ 368
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the examples, affect the Fund’s performance. During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 67% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in investment grade and non-investment grade municipal securities (known as “junk bonds”) that the sub-adviser, Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”), considers to be attractive from a yield perspective while considering total return. At least 80% of the Fund’s net assets must be invested in municipal securities, and up to 35% of the Fund’s net assets may be invested in non-investment grade municipal securities. The Fund may invest in securities that produce income subject to income tax, including the Alternative Minimum Tax. The Fund will generally hold a diversified portfolio of investments across states and sectors, although the Fund is not required to invest in all states and sectors at all times. The Fund may invest in securities of any maturity or duration.
PRINCIPAL RISKS. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. For more information regarding risks and investment matters please see “Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks” in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
Market Risk – Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities of a company may decline in value due to its financial prospects and activities, including certain operational impacts, such as data breaches and cybersecurity attacks. Securities may also decline in value due to general market and economic movements and trends, including adverse changes to credit markets.
8

Municipal Securities Risk − Municipal securities risks include the possibility that the issuer may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on a timely basis or at all, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes that could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. In addition, state or local political or economic conditions and developments can adversely affect the securities issued by state and local governments. The value of the municipal securities owned by the Fund also may be adversely affected by future changes in federal or state income tax laws, including tax rate reductions or the determination that municipal securities are subject to taxation.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in the Fund’s income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates in the U.S. remain near historic lows. Actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance.
Credit Risk – Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Periods of market volatility may increase credit risk.
Call Risk − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during a period of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early, which may reduce the Fund’s income if the proceeds are reinvested at lower interest rates.
High Yield Investments Risk − High yield investments rated below investment grade (also referred to as “junk bonds”) are considered to be speculative and are subject to heightened credit risk, which may make the Fund more sensitive to adverse developments in the U.S. and abroad. Lower rated debt securities generally involve greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness than higher rated debt securities. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty. There may be little trading in the secondary market for particular debt securities, which may make them more difficult to value or sell.
Active Investment Management Risk − The risk that, if the sub-adviser’s investment strategy does not perform as expected, the Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. There is no guarantee that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.
Liquidity Risk − The risk that the market for a particular investment or type of investment is or becomes relatively illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell that investment at an advantageous time or price. Illiquidity may be due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value and their value may be lower than the market price of comparable liquid securities, which would negatively affect the Fund's performance.
Market Price Risk − The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the Fund’s listing exchange. Although it is expected that the Fund’s shares will remain listed on the exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the investment manager nor the Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether the Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund’s holdings trading
9

individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. In addition, unlike many ETFs, the Fund is not an index fund. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent the Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings.
Cash Transactions Risk − The Fund, unlike certain other ETFs, may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. Because the Fund may effect redemptions for cash rather than in-kind, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds and it may subsequently recognize gains on such sales that the Fund might not have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk – Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
The Fund is subject to certain other risks, which are discussed in "Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks" in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
PAST PERFORMANCE. The performance information below provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by comparing the Fund’s performance to a broad measure of market performance. Keep in mind that past performance does not indicate future results. Updated performance information is available at hartfordfunds.com.
The bar chart shows the Fund’s performance for each calendar year since the Fund’s inception.
Total returns by calendar year
Highest/Lowest quarterly results during the periods shown in the bar chart were:
Highest
3.12%
(1st quarter, 2019)
Lowest
-0.98%
(1st quarter, 2018)
The year-to-date return for the Fund as of September 30, 2020 was 3.23%.
Average Annual Total Returns. The table below shows returns for the Fund over time compared to those of a broad-based market index. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In some instances, the “Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be greater than “Return Before Taxes” because the investor is assumed to be able to use the capital loss from the sale of Fund shares to offset other taxable gains. Actual after-tax returns, which
10

depend on an investor’s particular tax situation, may differ from those shown and are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. Updated performance information is available by visiting our website at hartfordfunds.com.
Average annual total returns for periods ending December 31, 2019
Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF
1 Year
Since
Inception
12/13/17
Return Before Taxes
7.87%
4.73%
Return After Taxes on Distributions
7.70%
4.61%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares
5.73%
4.10%
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)
6.44%
3.91%
MANAGEMENT. The Fund’s investment manager is Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC. The Fund’s sub-adviser is Wellington Management.
Portfolio Manager
Title
Involved with
Fund Since
Timothy D. Haney, CFA
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2017
Brad W. Libby
Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager/Credit Analyst
2017
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer and may not be purchased or redeemed directly with the Fund. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). When buying and selling Fund shares on an exchange, therefore, investors may incur costs related to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Fund shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Fund shares (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares at NAV that have been aggregated into blocks of shares (“Creation Units”) to authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) who have entered into participation agreements with the Fund‘s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”). The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of securities and/or cash that the Fund specifies each business day. Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
TAX INFORMATION. The Fund’s distributions of interest on municipal bonds generally are not subject to federal income tax; however the Fund may distribute taxable dividends, including distributions of short-term capital gains, and long-term capital gains. In addition, interest on certain bonds may be subject to the federal alternative minimum tax. To the extent that the Fund’s distributions are derived from interest on bonds that are not exempt from applicable state and local taxes, such distributions will be subject to such state and local taxes.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund’s related companies may pay the intermediary for services and/or data related to the sale of Fund shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
11

Hartford Short Duration ETF Summary Section
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE. The Fund seeks to provide current income and long-term total return.
YOUR EXPENSES. The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or the examples below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment:
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management fees
0.29%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees
None
Other expenses
0.00%
Total annual fund operating expenses
0.29%
Example. The examples below are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other exchange-traded funds. The examples assume that:
Your investment has a 5% return each year
The Fund’s operating expenses remain the same
Your actual costs may be higher or lower. Based on these assumptions, for every $10,000 invested, you would pay the following expenses if you sell all of your shares at the end of each time period indicated:
Year 1
Year 3
Year 5
Year 10
$ 30
$ 93
$ 163
$ 368
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the examples, affect the Fund’s performance. During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 29% (excluding to be announced (TBA) roll transactions) of the average value of its portfolio. If TBA roll transactions were included, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate would have been 41% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in securities that Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”), the Fund’s sub-adviser, considers to be attractive giving consideration to both yield and total return. The Fund normally invests in investment grade securities. The Fund may invest up to 35% of its net assets in non-investment grade fixed income securities (also referred to as “junk bonds”). The Fund may also invest up to 35% of its net assets in bank loans or loan participation interests in secured or unsecured variable, fixed or floating rate loans to U.S. and foreign corporations, partnerships and other entities (“Bank Loans”).  The Fund’s investments in non-investment grade Bank Loans and other non-investment grade fixed income securities in the aggregate may not exceed 35% of its net assets. Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets in fixed income securities, including Bank Loans.
The fixed income securities in which the Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, (1) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (2) non-convertible and convertible debt securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or other issuers (including foreign issuers); (3) asset-backed and mortgage-related securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations; (4) securities and loans issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by a foreign issuer, including supranational entities such as development banks, non-U.S. corporations, banks or bank holding companies, or other foreign issuers; (5) commercial mortgage-backed securities; (6) zero coupon securities; (7) fixed income related derivatives; and (8) Bank Loans.
In order to manage the Fund’s interest rate risk, including managing the Fund’s average duration, the Fund generally uses derivatives such as Treasury futures, options and interest rate swaps. The Fund normally will maintain a dollar weighted average duration of less than 3 years. The Fund’s average duration measure will incorporate a bond’s yield, coupon, final maturity, and the effect of derivatives that may be used to manage the Fund’s interest rate risk. The Fund
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may invest up to 25% of its net assets in securities of foreign issuers. The Fund may also invest in “Rule 144A” securities, which are privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers.
The portfolio manager may allocate a portion of the Fund’s assets to specialists within Wellington Management who implement the individual sector and security selection strategies.
PRINCIPAL RISKS. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. For more information regarding risks and investment matters please see “Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks” in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
Market Risk – Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities of a company may decline in value due to its financial prospects and activities, including certain operational impacts, such as data breaches and cybersecurity attacks. Securities may also decline in value due to general market and economic movements and trends, including adverse changes to credit markets.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in the Fund’s income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates in the U.S. remain near historic lows. Actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance.
Credit Risk – Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Periods of market volatility may increase credit risk.
Loans and Loan Participations Risk − Loans and loan participations, including floating rate loans, are subject to credit risk, including the risk of nonpayment of principal or interest. Also, substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan defaults. Although the loans the Fund holds may be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be relatively illiquid, or lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. In addition, in the event an issuer becomes insolvent, a loan could be subject to settlement risks or administrative disruptions that could adversely affect the Fund’s investment. It may also be difficult to obtain reliable information about a loan or loan participation.
Many loans are relatively illiquid or are subject to restrictions on resale and may be difficult to value, which will have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to dispose of particular loans or loan participations when necessary to meet redemption requests or liquidity needs, or to respond to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. Loans may also be subject to extension risk (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates) and prepayment risk (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates).
The Fund may acquire a participation interest in a loan that is held by another party. When the Fund’s loan interest is a participation, the Fund may have less control over the exercise of remedies than the party selling the participation interest, and it normally would not have any direct rights against the borrower.
Loan interests may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as the Fund, may not, therefore, be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. The Fund may be in possession of material non-public information about a borrower or issuer as a result of its ownership of a loan or security of such borrower or issuer.
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Because of prohibitions on trading in securities of issuers while in possession of such information, the Fund may be unable to enter into a transaction in a loan or security of such a borrower or issuer when it would otherwise be advantageous to do so.
Mortgage-Related and Asset-Backed Securities Risk − Mortgage-related and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage-related securities are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, “prepayment risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates) and “extension risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates). If the Fund invests in mortgage-related or asset-backed securities that are subordinated to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, which generally align the characteristics of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac certificates, are a recent innovation and the effect they may have on the market for mortgage-related securities is uncertain.
High Yield Investments Risk − High yield investments rated below investment grade (also referred to as “junk bonds”) are considered to be speculative and are subject to heightened credit risk, which may make the Fund more sensitive to adverse developments in the U.S. and abroad. Lower rated debt securities generally involve greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness than higher rated debt securities. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty. There may be little trading in the secondary market for particular debt securities, which may make them more difficult to value or sell.
Derivatives Risk − Derivatives are instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than other types of investments and could result in losses that significantly exceed the Fund’s original investment. Successful use of derivative instruments by the Fund depends on the sub-adviser’s judgment with respect to a number of factors and the Fund’s performance could be worse and/or more volatile than if it had not used these instruments. In addition, the fluctuations in the value of derivatives may not correlate perfectly with the value of any portfolio assets being hedged, the performance of the asset class to which the sub-adviser seeks exposure, or the overall securities markets.
Leverage Risk − Certain transactions, such as the use of derivatives, may give rise to leverage. Leverage can increase market exposure, increase volatility in the Fund, magnify investment risks, and cause losses to be realized more quickly. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet asset segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so.
Futures and Options Risks − Futures and options may be more volatile than direct investments in the securities underlying the futures and options, may not correlate perfectly to the underlying securities, may involve additional costs, and may be illiquid. Futures and options also may involve the use of leverage as the Fund may make a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if futures or options had not been used. Futures and options are also subject to the risk that the other party to the transaction may default on its obligation.
Swaps Risk − A swap is a contract that generally obligates the parties to exchange payments based on a specified reference security, basket of securities, security index or index component. Swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities because swaps may be leveraged and are subject to counterparty risk (e.g., the risk of a counterparty defaulting on the obligation or bankruptcy), credit risk and pricing risk (i.e., swaps may be difficult to value). Certain swaps may also be considered illiquid. It may not be possible for the Fund to liquidate a swap position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
Call Risk − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during a period of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early, which may reduce the Fund’s income if the proceeds are reinvested at lower interest rates.
14

Liquidity Risk − The risk that the market for a particular investment or type of investment is or becomes relatively illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell that investment at an advantageous time or price. Illiquidity may be due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value and their value may be lower than the market price of comparable liquid securities, which would negatively affect the Fund's performance.
Foreign Investments Risk − Investments in foreign securities may be riskier, more volatile, and less liquid than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between the U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including the less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, as well as political and economic developments in foreign countries and regions and the U.S. (including the imposition of sanctions, tariffs, or other governmental restrictions), may affect the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities. Changes in currency exchange rates may also adversely affect the Fund’s foreign investments. The impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
Restricted Securities Risk − Restricted securities are subject to the risk that they may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund prefers.
Event Risk − Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.
U.S. Government Securities Risk − Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations.
Active Investment Management Risk − The risk that, if the sub-adviser’s investment strategy does not perform as expected, the Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. In addition, to the extent the Fund allocates a portion of its assets to specialist portfolio managers, those styles employed may not be complementary, which could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. There is no guarantee that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.
Market Price Risk − The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the Fund’s listing exchange. Although it is expected that the Fund’s shares will remain listed on the exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the investment manager nor the Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether the Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund’s holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. In addition, unlike many ETFs, the Fund is not an index fund. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent the Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings.
Cash Transactions Risk − The Fund, unlike certain other ETFs, may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. Because the Fund may effect redemptions for cash rather than in-kind, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to
15

distribute redemption proceeds and it may subsequently recognize gains on such sales that the Fund might not have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk – Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
The Fund is subject to certain other risks, which are discussed in "Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks" in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
PAST PERFORMANCE. The performance information below provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by comparing the Fund’s performance to a broad measure of market performance. Keep in mind that past performance does not indicate future results. Updated performance information is available at hartfordfunds.com.
The bar chart below shows the Fund’s total return for the first full calendar year of operation.
Total returns by calendar year
Highest/Lowest quarterly results during the periods shown in the bar chart were:
Highest
2.78%
(1st quarter, 2019)
Lowest
1.01%
(4th quarter, 2019)
The year-to-date return for the Fund as of September 30, 2020 was 2.38%.
Average Annual Total Returns. The table below shows returns for the Fund over time compared to those of a broad-based market index. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In some instances, the “Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be greater than “Return Before Taxes” because the investor is assumed to be able to use the capital loss from the sale of Fund shares to offset other taxable gains. Actual after-tax returns, which depend on an investor’s particular tax situation, may differ from those shown and are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. Updated performance information is available by visiting our website at hartfordfunds.com.
16

Average annual total returns for periods ending December 31, 2019
Hartford Short Duration ETF
1 Year
Since
Inception
05/30/18
Return Before Taxes
6.88%
4.65%
Return After Taxes on Distributions
5.36%
3.29%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares
4.05%
2.97%
Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year U.S. Government/Credit Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)
4.03%
3.50%
MANAGEMENT. The Fund’s investment manager is Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC. The Fund’s sub-adviser is Wellington Management.
Portfolio Manager
Title
Involved with
Fund Since
Timothy E. Smith
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2018
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer and may not be purchased or redeemed directly with the Fund. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). When buying and selling Fund shares on an exchange, therefore, investors may incur costs related to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Fund shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Fund shares (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares at NAV that have been aggregated into blocks of shares (“Creation Units”) to authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) who have entered into participation agreements with the Fund‘s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”). The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of securities and/or cash that the Fund specifies each business day. Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
TAX INFORMATION. The Fund’s distributions are generally taxable, and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund’s related companies may pay the intermediary for services and/or data related to the sale of Fund shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
17

Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF Summary Section
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE. The Fund seeks total return on an after-tax basis.
YOUR EXPENSES. The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or the examples below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment:
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management fees
0.39%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees
None
Other expenses
0.00%
Acquired fund fees and expenses
0.01%
Total annual fund operating expenses ( 1 )
0.40%
(1)
“Total annual fund operating expenses” do not correlate to the ratio of expenses to average net assets that is disclosed in the Fund’s annual report in the financial highlights table, which reflects the operating expenses of the Fund and does not include acquired fund fees and expenses.
Example. The examples below are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other exchange-traded funds. The examples assume that:
Your investment has a 5% return each year
The Fund’s operating expenses remain the same
Your actual costs may be higher or lower. Based on these assumptions, for every $10,000 invested, you would pay the following expenses if you sell all of your shares at the end of each time period indicated:
Year 1
Year 3
Year 5
Year 10
$ 41
$ 128
$ 224
$ 505
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the examples, affect the Fund’s performance. During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 165% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY. The Fund seeks to achieve its investment objective by investing in a diversified portfolio of fixed income debt instruments of varying maturities. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its assets in U.S. dollar-denominated, investment-grade fixed income debt instruments. Fixed income debt instruments include bonds, debt securities and other similar instruments issued by various U.S. and non-U.S. public or private-sector entities.
The fixed income debt instruments in which the Fund may invest include securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government and its agencies, government-sponsored enterprise securities, corporate bonds, mortgage-backed securities (including “to be announced” or “TBA” transactions), asset-backed securities, municipal securities, sovereign debt and debt securities issued by supranational organizations. They may pay fixed, variable, or floating interest rates. “Investment-grade” securities are securities that are rated by at least one major rating agency in one of its top four rating categories, or, if unrated, are determined by the Fund’s sub-advisers, Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. (“SIMNA”) and Schroder Investment Management North America Limited (“SIMNA Ltd.” or together with SIMNA, the “Sub-Advisers”) to be of similar quality, at the time of purchase. In the case of a split rated security (that is, two or more rating agencies give a security different ratings), the average rating shall apply. The Fund may invest without limit in U.S. dollar denominated foreign securities. The Fund may also invest a portion of its assets in cash and cash equivalents.
The Fund may invest in fixed income securities of any maturity or duration. The Fund’s effective duration may vary over time depending on the Sub-Advisers’ assessment of market and economic conditions and other factors.
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“Total return” consists of income earned on the Fund’s investments, plus capital appreciation, if any. In seeking to achieve the Fund’s investment objective, the Sub-Advisers’ employ a tax-aware investing strategy that attempts to realize total return for shareholders, primarily in the form of current income and price appreciation, by balancing investment considerations and tax considerations. The Sub-Advisers allocate the Fund’s assets among taxable and tax-exempt investments with no limitation on the amount of assets that may be invested in either category. The Fund is eligible to pay “exempt-interest dividends” only if 50% of the value of its total assets is invested in tax-exempt securities at the end of each quarter of its taxable year. At times, the Fund’s investments in municipal securities may be substantial depending on the Sub-Advisers’ outlook on the market. In particular, the Fund may invest more than 25% (but not more than 40%) of its total assets in municipal securities of issuers in each of California, New York and Texas.
It is important to understand that the Fund is not limited to investing solely in assets that generate tax-exempt income and may make both taxable and tax-exempt distributions to shareholders. Among the techniques and strategies used by the Fund in seeking tax-efficient management are the following: investing in municipal securities, the interest from which is exempt from federal income tax (but not necessarily the federal alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) or state income tax); investing in taxable securities where after-tax valuation is favorable; attempting to minimize net realized short-term capital gain; and employing a long-term approach to investing. When making investment decisions for the Fund, the Sub-Advisers take into consideration the maximum federal tax rates.
The Fund’s decision to purchase or sell a security or make investments in a particular sector is based on relative value considerations. In analyzing the relative attractiveness of a particular security or sector, the Sub-Advisers assess an issue’s historical relationships to other bonds, technical factors including supply and demand and fundamental risk and reward relationships. As part of this analysis, the Sub-Advisers also consider sector exposures, interest rate duration, yield and the relationship between yields and maturity dates. In addition to these factors, the Sub-Advisers incorporate environmental, social and governance (ESG) factors into their investment process. The Sub-Advisers evaluate the impact and risk around issues such as climate change, environmental performance, labor standards or corporate governance. The Sub-Advisers view their ESG assessment as an important consideration in determining the weights of securities within the portfolio. This assessment contributes to the overall holistic evaluation of the company. The Sub-Advisers may engage with management of certain issuers regarding corporate governance practices as well as what the Sub-Advisers deem to be materially important environmental and/or social issues facing a company.
As part of its tax-aware strategy, the Fund typically sells securities when the anticipated performance benefit justifies the resulting gain. This strategy often includes minimizing the sale of securities with large unrealized gains, holding securities long enough to avoid short-term capital gains taxes, selling securities with a higher cost basis first and offsetting capital gains realized in one security by selling another security at a capital loss.
In addition, the Fund may engage actively in transactions involving derivatives. Derivative transactions may include exchange-traded or over-the-counter derivatives, such as swap contracts (including interest rate swaps, total return swaps, and credit default swaps), futures contracts, and options on futures. The Fund will normally use derivatives to supplement the effective management of its duration profile, to gain exposure to particular securities or markets, in connection with hedging transactions, or for purposes of efficient portfolio management, including managing cash flows or as part of the Fund’s risk management process.
PRINCIPAL RISKS. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. For more information regarding risks and investment matters please see “Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks” in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
Market Risk – Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities of a company may decline in value due to its financial prospects and activities, including certain operational impacts, such as data breaches and cybersecurity attacks. Securities may also decline in value due to general market and economic movements and trends, including adverse changes to credit markets.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in the Fund’s
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income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates in the U.S. remain near historic lows. Actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance.
Credit Risk – Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Periods of market volatility may increase credit risk.
Mortgage-Related and Asset-Backed Securities Risk − Mortgage-related and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage-related securities are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, “prepayment risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates) and “extension risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates). If the Fund invests in mortgage-related or asset-backed securities that are subordinated to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, which generally align the characteristics of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac certificates, are a recent innovation and the effect they may have on the market for mortgage-related securities is uncertain.
To Be Announced (TBA) Transactions Risk − TBA investments include when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments. TBA transactions involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. The Fund is subject to this risk whether or not the Fund takes delivery of the securities on the settlement date for a transaction. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund loses both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price. The Fund may also take a short position in a TBA investment when it owns or has the right to obtain, at no added cost, identical securities. If the Fund takes such a short position, it may reduce the risk of a loss if the price of the securities declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit if the price rises.
U.S. Government Securities Risk − Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations.
Liquidity Risk − The risk that the market for a particular investment or type of investment is or becomes relatively illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell that investment at an advantageous time or price. Illiquidity may be due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value and their value may be lower than the market price of comparable liquid securities, which would negatively affect the Fund's performance.
Market Price Risk − The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the Fund’s listing exchange. Although it is expected that the Fund’s shares will remain listed on the exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through
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a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the investment manager nor the Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether the Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund’s holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. In addition, unlike many ETFs, the Fund is not an index fund. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent the Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings.
Municipal Securities Risk − Municipal securities risks include the possibility that the issuer may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on a timely basis or at all, the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities, and the possibility of future legislative changes that could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. In addition, state or local political or economic conditions and developments can adversely affect the securities issued by state and local governments. The value of the municipal securities owned by the Fund also may be adversely affected by future changes in federal or state income tax laws, including tax rate reductions or the determination that municipal securities are subject to taxation.
Derivatives Risk − Derivatives are instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than other types of investments and could result in losses that significantly exceed the Fund’s original investment. Successful use of derivative instruments by the Fund depends on the sub-adviser’s judgment with respect to a number of factors and the Fund’s performance could be worse and/or more volatile than if it had not used these instruments. In addition, the fluctuations in the value of derivatives may not correlate perfectly with the value of any portfolio assets being hedged, the performance of the asset class to which the sub-adviser seeks exposure, or the overall securities markets.
Swaps Risk − A swap is a contract that generally obligates the parties to exchange payments based on a specified reference security, basket of securities, security index or index component. Swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities because swaps may be leveraged and are subject to counterparty risk (e.g., the risk of a counterparty defaulting on the obligation or bankruptcy), credit risk and pricing risk (i.e., swaps may be difficult to value). Certain swaps may also be considered illiquid. It may not be possible for the Fund to liquidate a swap position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
Futures and Options Risks − Futures and options may be more volatile than direct investments in the securities underlying the futures and options, may not correlate perfectly to the underlying securities, may involve additional costs, and may be illiquid. Futures and options also may involve the use of leverage as the Fund may make a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if futures or options had not been used. Futures and options are also subject to the risk that the other party to the transaction may default on its obligation.
Leverage Risk − Certain transactions, such as the use of derivatives, may give rise to leverage. Leverage can increase market exposure, increase volatility in the Fund, magnify investment risks, and cause losses to be realized more quickly. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet asset segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so.
Counterparty Risk − The risk that the counterparty in a transaction by the Fund may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations.
Foreign Investments Risk − Investments in foreign securities may be riskier, more volatile, and less liquid than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between the U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including the less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, as well as political and economic developments in foreign countries and regions and the U.S. (including the imposition of sanctions, tariffs, or other governmental restrictions), may affect the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities. Changes in currency exchange rates may also adversely affect the Fund’s foreign investments. The impact of the United Kingdom’s
21

departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
Cash Transactions Risk − The Fund, unlike certain other ETFs, may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. Because the Fund may effect redemptions for cash rather than in-kind, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds and it may subsequently recognize gains on such sales that the Fund might not have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
State-Specific Risk − A Fund that may invest more than 25% of its total assets in municipal securities of issuers in one or more states is subject to the risk that the economies of the states in which it invests, and the revenues supporting the municipal securities, may decline. Investing significantly in one or more states means that the Fund may be more exposed to negative political or economic factors in those states than a fund that invests more widely.
Active Investment Management Risk − The risk that, if the sub-adviser’s investment strategy does not perform as expected, the Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. The sub-advisers’ integration of ESG factors into the investment process may not work as intended. ESG factors are not the only factors considered and as a result, certain companies in which the Fund invests may not be considered ESG companies or have high ESG ratings. There is no guarantee that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk – Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
Call Risk − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during a period of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early, which may reduce the Fund’s income if the proceeds are reinvested at lower interest rates.
Active Trading Risk − Active trading could increase the Fund's transaction costs and may increase your tax liability as compared to a fund with less active trading policies. These effects may adversely affect Fund performance.
The Fund is subject to certain other risks, which are discussed in "Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks" in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
PAST PERFORMANCE. The performance information below provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by comparing the Fund’s performance to a broad measure of market performance. Keep in mind that past performance does not indicate future results. Updated performance information is available at hartfordfunds.com.
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The bar chart below shows the Fund’s total return for the first full calendar year of operation.
Total returns by calendar year
Highest/Lowest quarterly results during the periods shown in the bar chart were:
Highest
3.60%
(1st quarter, 2019)
Lowest
0.58%
(4th quarter, 2019)
The year-to-date return for the Fund as of September 30, 2020 was 4.32%.
Average Annual Total Returns. The table below shows returns for the Fund over time compared to those of a broad-based market index. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In some instances, the “Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be greater than “Return Before Taxes” because the investor is assumed to be able to use the capital loss from the sale of Fund shares to offset other taxable gains. Actual after-tax returns, which depend on an investor’s particular tax situation, may differ from those shown and are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. Updated performance information is available by visiting our website at hartfordfunds.com.
Average annual total returns for periods ending December 31, 2019
Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF
1 Year
Since
Inception
04/18/18
Return Before Taxes
7.87%
5.48%
Return After Taxes on Distributions
7.26%
5.01%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares
5.25%
4.34%
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes)
7.54%
5.75%
MANAGEMENT. The Fund’s investment manager is Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC. The Fund’s sub-adviser is Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. and its sub-sub-adviser is Schroder Investment Management North America Limited.
Portfolio Manager
Title
Involved with
Fund Since
Andrew B.J. Chorlton, CFA*
Portfolio Manager
2017
Lisa Hornby, CFA
Portfolio Manager
2018
Neil G. Sutherland, CFA
Portfolio Manager
2017
Julio C. Bonilla, CFA
Portfolio Manager
2017
David May
Portfolio Manager
2020
*
Effective March 31, 2021, Mr. Chorlton will no longer serve as a portfolio manager to the Fund. From October 1, 2020 through March 31, 2021, Mr. Chorlton will transition his portfolio management responsibilities to Mr. May.
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer and may not be purchased or redeemed directly with the Fund. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount).
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When buying and selling Fund shares on an exchange, therefore, investors may incur costs related to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Fund shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Fund shares (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares at NAV that have been aggregated into blocks of shares (“Creation Units”) to authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) who have entered into participation agreements with the Fund‘s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”). The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of securities and/or cash that the Fund specifies each business day. Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
TAX INFORMATION. The Fund’s distributions are generally taxable, and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.  If at least 50% of the value of its total assets is invested in tax-exempt securities at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, the Fund is eligible to pay “exempt-interest dividends” for such taxable year. There can be no assurance that the Fund will qualify to pay exempt-interest dividends with respect to any taxable year.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund’s related companies may pay the intermediary for services and/or data related to the sale of Fund shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Hartford Total Return Bond ETF Summary Section
INVESTMENT OBJECTIVE. The Fund seeks a competitive total return, with income as a secondary objective.
YOUR EXPENSES. The table below describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table or the examples below.
Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment:
None
Annual Fund Operating Expenses (expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment):
Management fees
0.29%
Distribution and service (12b-1) fees
None
Other expenses
0.00%
Total annual fund operating expenses
0.29%
Example. The examples below are intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other exchange-traded funds. The examples assume that:
Your investment has a 5% return each year
The Fund’s operating expenses remain the same
Your actual costs may be higher or lower. Based on these assumptions, for every $10,000 invested, you would pay the following expenses if you sell all of your shares at the end of each time period indicated:
Year 1
Year 3
Year 5
Year 10
$ 30
$ 93
$ 163
$ 368
Portfolio Turnover. The Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in annual fund operating expenses or in the examples, affect the Fund’s performance. During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Fund’s portfolio turnover rate was 79% (excluding to be announced (TBA) roll transactions) of the average value of its portfolio. If TBA roll transactions were included, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate would have been 659% of the average value of its portfolio.
PRINCIPAL INVESTMENT STRATEGY. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets in bonds that the sub-adviser, Wellington Management Company LLP ("Wellington Management" or the “Sub-Adviser”), considers to be attractive from a total return perspective along with current income. The Fund may invest up to 20% of its net assets in securities rated below investment grade (also known as “junk bonds”).
Bonds in which the Fund invests include (1) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (2) non-convertible debt securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or other issuers (including foreign governments or corporations); (3) asset-backed and mortgage-related securities; and (4) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by a sovereign government or one of its agencies or political subdivisions, supranational entities such as development banks, non-U.S. corporations, banks or bank holding companies, or other foreign issuers.
The Fund may use derivatives to manage portfolio risk or for other investment purposes. The derivatives in which the Fund may invest include, but are not limited to, futures and options contracts, swap agreements and forward foreign currency contracts. Additionally, the Fund may invest up to 40% of its net assets in debt securities of foreign issuers, including from emerging markets, and up to 20% of its net assets in non-dollar securities. The Fund may purchase or sell securities on a when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment basis, including securities acquired or sold in the “to be announced” (TBA) market. The Fund may invest in “Rule 144A” securities, which are privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers. The Fund may trade securities actively. Although the Fund may invest in securities and other instruments of any maturity or duration, the Fund normally invests in debt securities with a maturity of at least one year. There is no limit on the average maturity of the Fund’s portfolio.
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The investment team is organized with generalist portfolio managers leading sector, rates and risk positioning decisions. The portfolio managers may allocate a portion of the Fund’s assets to specialists within Wellington Management who drive individual sector and security selection strategies.
PRINCIPAL RISKS. The principal risks of investing in the Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. As with any fund, there is no guarantee that the Fund will achieve its investment objective. For more information regarding risks and investment matters please see “Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks” in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
Market Risk – Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which the Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities of a company may decline in value due to its financial prospects and activities, including certain operational impacts, such as data breaches and cybersecurity attacks. Securities may also decline in value due to general market and economic movements and trends, including adverse changes to credit markets.
Interest Rate Risk – The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in the Fund’s income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates in the U.S. remain near historic lows. Actions taken by the Federal Reserve Board or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance.
Credit Risk – Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Periods of market volatility may increase credit risk.
Mortgage-Related and Asset-Backed Securities Risk − Mortgage-related and asset-backed securities represent interests in “pools” of mortgages or other assets, including consumer loans or receivables held in trust. Mortgage-related securities are subject to credit risk, interest rate risk, “prepayment risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates) and “extension risk” (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates). If the Fund invests in mortgage-related or asset-backed securities that are subordinated to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to the Fund, reducing the values of those securities or in some cases rendering them worthless. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include so-called “subprime” mortgages.
Uniform Mortgage-Backed Securities, which generally align the characteristics of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac certificates, are a recent innovation and the effect they may have on the market for mortgage-related securities is uncertain.
To Be Announced (TBA) Transactions Risk − TBA investments include when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments. TBA transactions involve the risk that the security the Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. The Fund is subject to this risk whether or not the Fund takes delivery of the securities on the settlement date for a transaction. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund loses both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price. The Fund may also take a short position in a TBA investment when it owns or has the right to obtain, at no added cost, identical securities. If the Fund takes such a short position, it may reduce the risk of a loss if the price of the securities declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit if the price rises.
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Derivatives Risk − Derivatives are instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives may be riskier than other types of investments because they may be more sensitive to changes in economic or market conditions than other types of investments and could result in losses that significantly exceed the Fund’s original investment. Successful use of derivative instruments by the Fund depends on the sub-adviser’s judgment with respect to a number of factors and the Fund’s performance could be worse and/or more volatile than if it had not used these instruments. In addition, the fluctuations in the value of derivatives may not correlate perfectly with the value of any portfolio assets being hedged, the performance of the asset class to which the sub-adviser seeks exposure, or the overall securities markets.
Foreign Investments Risk − Investments in foreign securities may be riskier, more volatile, and less liquid than investments in U.S. securities. Differences between the U.S. and foreign regulatory regimes and securities markets, including the less stringent investor protection and disclosure standards of some foreign markets, as well as political and economic developments in foreign countries and regions and the U.S. (including the imposition of sanctions, tariffs, or other governmental restrictions), may affect the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities. Changes in currency exchange rates may also adversely affect the Fund’s foreign investments. The impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
High Yield Investments Risk − High yield investments rated below investment grade (also referred to as “junk bonds”) are considered to be speculative and are subject to heightened credit risk, which may make the Fund more sensitive to adverse developments in the U.S. and abroad. Lower rated debt securities generally involve greater risk of default or price changes due to changes in the issuer’s creditworthiness than higher rated debt securities. The market prices of these securities may fluctuate more than those of higher rated securities and may decline significantly in periods of general economic difficulty. There may be little trading in the secondary market for particular debt securities, which may make them more difficult to value or sell.
Emerging Markets Risk − The risks related to investing in foreign securities are generally greater with respect to investments in companies that conduct their principal business activities in emerging markets or whose securities are traded principally on exchanges in emerging markets. The risks of investing in emerging markets include risks of illiquidity, increased price volatility, smaller market capitalizations, less government regulation and oversight, less extensive and less frequent accounting, financial, auditing and other reporting requirements, significant delays in settlement of trades, risk of loss resulting from problems in share registration and custody and substantial economic and political disruptions. In addition, the imposition of exchange controls (including repatriation restrictions), sanctions, confiscations, trade restrictions (including tariffs) and other government restrictions by the United States and other governments may also result in losses. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid, and as a result, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified in frontier markets.
Currency Risk − The risk that the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities or currencies will be affected by the value of the applicable currency relative to the U.S. dollar. When the Fund sells a foreign currency or foreign currency denominated security, its value may be worth less in U.S. dollars even if the investment increases in value in its local market. U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers may also be affected by currency risk, as the revenue earned by issuers of these securities may also be affected by changes in the issuer’s local currency.
Leverage Risk − Certain transactions, such as the use of derivatives, may give rise to leverage. Leverage can increase market exposure, increase volatility in the Fund, magnify investment risks, and cause losses to be realized more quickly. The use of leverage may cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet asset segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so.
Swaps Risk − A swap is a contract that generally obligates the parties to exchange payments based on a specified reference security, basket of securities, security index or index component. Swaps can involve greater risks than direct investment in securities because swaps may be leveraged and are subject to counterparty risk (e.g., the risk of a counterparty defaulting on the obligation or bankruptcy), credit risk and pricing risk (i.e., swaps may be difficult to value). Certain swaps may also be considered illiquid. It may not be possible for the Fund to liquidate a swap position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
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Futures and Options Risks − Futures and options may be more volatile than direct investments in the securities underlying the futures and options, may not correlate perfectly to the underlying securities, may involve additional costs, and may be illiquid. Futures and options also may involve the use of leverage as the Fund may make a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if futures or options had not been used. Futures and options are also subject to the risk that the other party to the transaction may default on its obligation.
Forward Currency Contracts Risk − A forward currency contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a currency at a set price on a future date. The market value of a forward currency contract fluctuates with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. While forward foreign currency exchange contracts do not eliminate fluctuations in the value of foreign securities, they do allow the Fund to establish a fixed rate of exchange for a future point in time. Use of such contracts, therefore, can have the effect of reducing returns and minimizing opportunities for gain. The Fund could also lose money when the contract is settled. The Fund’s gains from its positions in forward foreign currency contracts may accelerate and/or recharacterize the Fund’s income or gains and its distributions to shareholders as ordinary income. A Fund’s losses from such positions may also recharacterize the Fund’s income and its distributions to shareholders and may cause a return of capital to Fund shareholders. Such acceleration or recharacterization could affect an investor’s tax liability.
U.S. Government Securities Risk − Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations.
Restricted Securities Risk − Restricted securities are subject to the risk that they may be difficult to sell at the time and price the Fund prefers.
Call Risk − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during a period of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early, which may reduce the Fund’s income if the proceeds are reinvested at lower interest rates.
Liquidity Risk − The risk that the market for a particular investment or type of investment is or becomes relatively illiquid, making it difficult for the Fund to sell that investment at an advantageous time or price. Illiquidity may be due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Illiquid securities may be difficult to value and their value may be lower than the market price of comparable liquid securities, which would negatively affect the Fund's performance.
Event Risk − Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.
Active Investment Management Risk − The risk that, if the sub-adviser’s investment strategy does not perform as expected, the Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. In addition, to the extent the Fund allocates a portion of its assets to specialist portfolio managers, those styles employed may not be complementary, which could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. There is no guarantee that the Fund’s investment objective will be achieved.
Active Trading Risk − Active trading could increase the Fund's transaction costs and may increase your tax liability as compared to a fund with less active trading policies. These effects may adversely affect Fund performance.
Market Price Risk − The net asset value (“NAV”) of the Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of the Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the Fund’s listing exchange. Although it is expected that the Fund’s shares will remain listed on the exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial
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intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the investment manager nor the Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether the Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for the Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund’s holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. In addition, unlike many ETFs, the Fund is not an index fund. The Fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent the Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings.
Cash Transactions Risk − The Fund, unlike certain other ETFs, may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. Because the Fund may effect redemptions for cash rather than in-kind, the Fund may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds and it may subsequently recognize gains on such sales that the Fund might not have recognized if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. As a result, an investment in the Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if the Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of the Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk – Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
The Fund is subject to certain other risks, which are discussed in "Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks" in the Fund’s statutory prospectus.
PAST PERFORMANCE. The performance information below provides some indication of the risks of investing in the Fund by comparing the Fund’s performance to a broad measure of market performance. Keep in mind that past performance does not indicate future results. Updated performance information is available at hartfordfunds.com.
The bar chart shows the Fund’s performance for each calendar year since the Fund’s inception.
Total returns by calendar year
Highest/Lowest quarterly results during the periods shown in the bar chart were:
Highest
3.82%
(1st quarter, 2019)
Lowest
-1.58%
(1st quarter, 2018)
The year-to-date return for the Fund as of September 30, 2020 was 7.02%.
Average Annual Total Returns. The table below shows returns for the Fund over time compared to those of a broad-based market index. After-tax returns are calculated using the historical highest individual U.S. federal marginal income tax rates and do not reflect the impact of state and local taxes. In some instances, the “Return After Taxes on
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Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares” may be greater than “Return Before Taxes” because the investor is assumed to be able to use the capital loss from the sale of Fund shares to offset other taxable gains. Actual after-tax returns, which depend on an investor’s particular tax situation, may differ from those shown and are not relevant to investors who hold their Fund shares through tax-deferred arrangements, such as 401(k) plans or individual retirement accounts. Updated performance information is available by visiting our website at hartfordfunds.com.
Average annual total returns for periods ending December 31, 2019
Hartford Total Return Bond ETF
1 Year
Since
Inception
09/27/17
Return Before Taxes
10.51%
4.43%
Return After Taxes on Distributions
7.79%
2.71%
Return After Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund Shares
6.23%
2.65%
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or other taxes)
8.72%
3.98%
MANAGEMENT. The Fund’s investment manager is Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC. The Fund’s sub-adviser is Wellington Management.
Portfolio Manager
Title
Involved with
Fund Since
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2017
Campe Goodman, CFA
Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2017
Robert D. Burn, CFA
Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager
2017
PURCHASE AND SALE OF FUND SHARES. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). Individual Fund shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer and may not be purchased or redeemed directly with the Fund. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). When buying and selling Fund shares on an exchange, therefore, investors may incur costs related to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase Fund shares (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for Fund shares (ask) (the “bid-ask spread”). The Fund will only issue or redeem shares at NAV that have been aggregated into blocks of shares (“Creation Units”) to authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) who have entered into participation agreements with the Fund‘s distributor, ALPS Distributors, Inc. (the “Distributor”). The Fund will issue or redeem Creation Units in return for a basket of securities and/or cash that the Fund specifies each business day. Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and bid-ask spreads can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
TAX INFORMATION. The Fund’s distributions are generally taxable, and may be taxed as ordinary income or capital gains, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a 401(k) plan or an individual retirement account. Such tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of monies from those arrangements.
PAYMENTS TO BROKER-DEALERS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. If you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary (such as a bank or financial advisor), the Fund’s related companies may pay the intermediary for services and/or data related to the sale of Fund shares. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your financial advisor to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your financial advisor or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
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Summary Information About the Exchange-Traded Funds
This prospectus describes five ETFs: Hartford Core Bond ETF (the “Core Bond ETF”), Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF (the “Municipal Opportunities ETF”), Hartford Short Duration ETF (the “Short Duration ETF”), Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF (the “Tax-Aware Bond ETF”), and Hartford Total Return Bond ETF (the “Total Return Bond ETF“) (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”), each a series of Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust (the “Trust”).
The Funds provide access to the professional investment advisory services offered by Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC”); Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) for Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Short Duration ETF and Total Return Bond ETF; and Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. (“SIMNA”) and Schroder Investment Management North America Limited (“SIMNA Ltd.” or together with SIMNA, the “Schroders”) for Tax-Aware Bond ETF. ETFs are funds that trade on an exchange like other publicly-traded securities and may be designed to track an index or to be actively managed. The Funds are actively managed and do not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. Unlike shares of a mutual fund, which all shareholders can buy or redeem directly from the issuing fund at a price based on Net Asset Value (“NAV”), only Authorized Participants may buy and redeem shares of the Funds directly from the Funds at NAV. Also, unlike shares of a mutual fund, shares of the Funds are listed on a national securities exchange and trade in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the day.
Shares of Municipal Opportunities ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF are listed and traded at market prices on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”) and shares of Core Bond ETF and Short Duration ETF are listed and traded on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe BZX”). Shares of the Funds may be listed and trade on other secondary markets. The market price for each Fund’s shares may be different from that Fund’s NAV. Each Fund issues and redeems shares at NAV only in Creation Units, which only Authorized Participants may purchase or redeem directly with a Fund at NAV. These transactions are in exchange for securities and/or cash. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of a Fund are not redeemable securities. Shareholders who are not Authorized Participants may not purchase or redeem shares directly from a Fund.
An investment in a Fund should not by itself constitute an entire investment program. This prospectus explains what you should know about the Funds before you invest. Please read it carefully. Investors should be aware that the investments made by the Funds and the results achieved by the Funds at any given time are not expected to be the same as those made by other funds for which HFMC acts as investment manager/adviser, or for which Wellington Management or Schroders act as sub-adviser, including funds with names, investment objectives and policies similar to the Funds. Certain affiliates of the Funds and HFMC may purchase and resell Fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
Additional information about the Funds, including Fund fact sheets, and information regarding each Fund’s net asset value, market price, bid-ask spreads and the number of days that the Fund’s shares traded on NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the Fund can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
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Additional Information Regarding Investment Strategies and Risks
Information about each Fund’s investment objective and principal strategy is provided in the summary section of this prospectus. Additional information regarding the investment strategy and other investment policies for each of the Funds is provided below.
Core Bond ETF
In addition to the principal strategies set forth in the summary section of this Prospectus, the Fund may invest in emerging markets issuers, enter into bond forwards and forward currency contracts and engage in short selling with respect to its TBA investments. The Fund may also invest in dollar rolls and in other investment companies and exchange traded notes. The Fund may invest in loans and loan participations, credit risk transfer securities, inflation protected securities, repurchase agreements, warrants and zero coupon securities. While the Fund will not make direct purchases of common stock, from time to time the Fund will hold positions in common stock as a result of certain events, such as among other things the exercise of conversion rights or warrants, as well as restructurings or bankruptcy plans of reorganization with respect to an issuer’s securities held by the Fund. The Fund normally will maintain a dollar weighted average duration within 1.5 years relative to the Fund’s performance benchmark. Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of a fixed income security’s price to changes in interest rates. For example, the price of a bond fund with an average duration of two years would be expected to fall approximately 2% if interest rates rose by one percentage point.
In managing the Fund’s portfolio, Wellington Management emphasizes identification of structural and cyclical themes that may unfold over the intermediate to long term complemented by shorter-term opportunistic themes created by market dislocations. Wellington Management may also consider certain environmental, social and/or governance (ESG) factors during its assessment. These ESG factors are not the only factors considered and as result, certain companies in which the Fund invests may not be considered ESG companies or have high ESG ratings.
“Investment grade” quality means securities that are rated at the time of purchase within the four highest categories assigned by Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Aaa”, “Aa”, “A” or “Baa”) or Standard & Poor’s (“AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB”) or Fitch, Inc. (“AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB”) or are unrated securities that are judged by Wellington Management to be of comparable quality to securities rated within these four highest categories.
Municipal Opportunities ETF
In addition to the principal strategies described in the summary section of this Prospectus, the Fund may invest in non-investment grade municipal securities, which are securities issued by state and local governments and their agencies or instrumentalities that are rated “Ba” or lower by Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”), “BB” or lower by Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) or “BB” or lower by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”), or securities which, if unrated, are determined by Wellington Management to be of comparable quality. Non-investment grade securities are commonly referred to as “high yield-high risk” or “junk bonds.” Although the Fund does not have restrictions regarding maturity or duration, the Fund tends to have an average maturity of 5 – 25 years. As a secondary investment strategy, the Fund may use derivatives and may invest in variable rate bonds known as “inverse floaters” which pay interest at rates that bear an inverse relationship to changes in short-term market interest rates. The Fund may use derivatives to manage portfolio risk, to replicate securities the Fund could buy that are not currently available in the market or for other investment purposes.
The sub-adviser, Wellington Management, combines top-down strategy with bottom-up fundamental research and comprehensive risk management within the portfolio construction process. Bottom-up, internally generated, fundamental research attempts to identify relative value among sectors, within sectors, and between individual securities. Wellington Management may also consider certain environmental, social and/or governance (ESG) factors during its assessment. These ESG factors are not the only factors considered and as result, certain issuers in which the Fund invests may not be considered ESG issuers or have high ESG ratings.
The Fund may also (1) enter into repurchase and reverse repurchase agreements; (2) invest in other ETFs and exchange-traded notes; and (3) invest in privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers.
Short Duration ETF
In addition to the principal strategies set forth in the summary section of this Prospectus, the Fund may enter into bond forwards and may invest in when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitment transactions. Such investments may include mortgage-backed securities acquired or sold in the “to be announced” (TBA) market. The Fund may also invest in other investment companies, exchange traded notes, emerging market securities and non-dollar
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securities. The Fund normally will maintain a dollar weighted average duration of less than 3 years. Duration is a measure of the sensitivity of a fixed income security’s price to changes in interest rates. For example, the price of a bond fund with an average duration of two years would be expected to fall approximately 2% if interest rates rose by one percentage point.
Wellington Management, uses proprietary research to conduct value-driven sector rotation and intensive credit and structure analyses, while using interest rate management, within the portfolio construction process. Wellington Management seeks to add value from top-down sector rotation decisions, bottom-up security selection within sectors, and interest rate management. Wellington Management may also consider certain environmental, social and/or governance (ESG) factors during its assessment. In order to implement the Fund’s investment strategy, the portfolio manager may allocate a portion of the Fund’s assets to another portfolio management team within Wellington Management. These ESG factors are not the only factors considered and as result, certain companies in which the Fund invests may not be considered ESG companies or have high ESG ratings.
“Investment grade” quality means securities that are rated at the time of purchase within the four highest categories assigned by Moody’s (“Aaa”, “Aa”, “A” or “Baa”) or S&P (“AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB”) or Fitch (“AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB”) or are unrated securities that are judged by Wellington Management to be of comparable quality to securities rated within these four highest categories. The Fund normally will maintain an average credit quality that is equivalent to at least Moody’s “Baa3” rating.
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
In addition to the principal strategies described in the summary section, the Fund may also invest in structured securities, inverse floaters, loans, inflation-protected securities, collateralized loan obligations, zero coupon securities, and restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers. The Fund may also invest in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds.
The Fund may invest in fixed income securities of any maturity or duration. The Fund’s effective duration may vary over time depending on the sub-advisers’ assessment of market and economic conditions and other factors. Duration is a measure of a bond price’s sensitivity to a given change in interest rates; effective duration is a measure of the Fund’s portfolio duration adjusted for the anticipated effect of interest rate changes on pre-payment rates. Generally, the higher a bond’s duration, the greater its price sensitivity to a change in interest rates. In contrast to duration, maturity measures only the time until final payment is due. With respect to their ESG analysis, the Sub-Advisers integrate sustainability criteria into all phases of the investment process, from stock selection to portfolio construction and engagement. The Sub-Advisers use their evaluation of sustainability criteria to help better understand the long term potential of a company. The emphasis that the Sub-Advisers place on various factors when purchasing and selling securities for the Fund may change with changes in the markets. Sector allocation and individual security decisions are made independent of sector and security weightings in the benchmark.
Total Return Bond ETF
In addition to the principal strategies described in the summary section, the Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in bank loans or loan participation interests in secured or unsecured variable, fixed or floating rate loans to U.S. and foreign corporations, partnerships and other entities. The Fund may invest up to 15% of its net assets in preferred stocks, convertible securities, and securities accompanied by warrants to purchase equity securities. While the Fund will not make direct purchases of common stock, from time to time the Fund will hold positions in common stock as a result of certain events, such as among other things the exercise of conversion rights or warrants, as well as restructurings or bankruptcy plans of reorganization with respect to an issuer’s securities held by the Fund. As part of the Fund’s secondary investment strategy, the Fund may (1) engage in short-selling of “to-be-announced” investments; (2) use dollar rolls; (3) enter into bond forwards; (4) invest in other investment companies, including exchange-traded funds; (5) invest in exchange traded notes; (6) invest in collateralized loan obligations (CLOs); and (7) invest in credit risk transfer securities.
Any security rated “Ba” or lower by Moody’s, “BB” or lower by S&P or “BB” or lower by Fitch, or securities which, if unrated, are determined by Wellington Management to be of comparable quality, are below-investment-grade. Securities rated below-investment-grade are commonly referred to as “high yield-high risk” or “junk bonds.”
The sub-adviser, Wellington Management, emphasizes identification of structural and cyclical themes that may unfold over the intermediate to long term complemented by shorter-term opportunistic themes created by market dislocations. Wellington Management may also consider certain environmental, social and/or governance (ESG) factors during its assessment. These ESG factors are not the only factors considered and as result, certain companies in which the Fund invests may not be considered ESG companies or have high ESG ratings.
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More Information About Risks
The principal and certain additional risks of investing in each Fund are described below. When you sell your shares they may be worth more or less than what you paid for them, which means that you could lose money as a result of your investment. Many factors affect each Fund’s performance. An investment in a Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. There is no assurance that a Fund will achieve its investment objective, and you should not consider any one fund alone to be a complete investment program. The different types of securities, investments, and investment techniques used by each Fund have varying degrees of risk. The Funds’ combined statement of additional information (“SAI”) contains more detailed information about the Funds’ investment policies and risks.
Principal Risk
X Additional Risk
Core Bond ETF
Municipal
Opportunities
ETF
Short Duration
ETF
Tax-Aware
Bond ETF
Total Return
Bond ETF
Active Investment Management Risk
Active Trading Risk
 
 
Authorized Participant Concentration Risk
Bond Forwards Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Call Risk
Cash Transactions Risk
Convertible Securities Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Counterparty Risk
X
X
X
X
Credit Risk
Credit Risk Transfer Securities Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Currency Risk
X
 
X
 
Derivatives Risk
X
Forward Currency Contracts Risk
X
 
X
 
Forward Rate Agreements Risk
 
X
 
 
 
Futures and Options Risk
X
Hedging Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Swaps Risk
 
Dollar Rolls Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Exchange Traded Funds Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Exchange Traded Notes Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Event Risk
X
 
Foreign Investments Risk
 
Sovereign Debt Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Emerging Markets Risk
X
 
X
X
High Yield Investments Risk
 
 
Illiquid Investments Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Inflation-Protected Securities Risk
X
 
X
X
X
Interest Rate Risk
Inverse Floater Risk
 
X
 
 
 
Issuer Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Large Shareholder Transaction Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Leverage Risk
X
LIBOR Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Liquidity Risk
Loans and Loan Participations Risk
X
 
 
X
Market Price Risk
Market Risk
Mortgage-Related and Other Asset-Backed Securities Risk
 
Collateralized Loan Obligations Risk
 
X
X
X
34

√Principal Risk
X Additional Risk
Core Bond ETF
Municipal
Opportunities
ETF
Short Duration
ETF
Tax-Aware
Bond ETF
Total Return
Bond ETF
Municipal Securities Risk
 
X
 
New Fund Risk
X
 
 
 
 
No Guarantee of Active Trading Market Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Other Investment Companies Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Repurchase Agreements Risk
X
X
X
 
 
Restricted Securities Risk
X
X
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk
 
X
 
 
 
Secondary Trading Market Issues
X
X
X
X
X
Securities Lending Risk
X
X
X
X
X
State-Specific Risk
 
X
 
 
Taxable Income Risk
 
X
 
 
 
To Be Announced (TBA) Transactions Risk
 
X
Short Sales of To Be Announced (TBA) Securities Risk
X
 
 
 
X
Unsecured Loans Risk
 
 
 
 
X
Use as an Underlying Fund Risk
X
 
X
X
X
U.S. Government Securities Risk
 
Valuation Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Volatility Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Warrants Risk
X
 
 
 
X
Zero Coupon Securities Risk
X
 
X
 
 
ACTIVE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT RISK − The risk that, if a portfolio manager’s investment decisions and strategy do not perform as expected, a Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. A Fund’s performance depends on the portfolio managers’ judgment about a variety of factors, such as markets, interest rates and/or the attractiveness, relative value, liquidity, or potential appreciation of particular investments made for the Fund’s portfolio. The portfolio managers’ investment models may not adequately take into account certain factors, may perform differently than anticipated and may result in a Fund having a lower return than if the portfolio managers used another model or investment strategy. In addition, to the extent a Fund allocates a portion of its assets to specialist portfolio managers, the styles employed by the different portfolio managers may not be complementary, which could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. A Fund's portfolio manager(s) may consider certain environmental, social and/or governance factors (ESG) as part of its decision to buy and sell securities. Such consideration may fail to produce the intended result and, as a result, the Fund may underperform funds that do not consider ESG factors. ESG factors are not the only factors considered by the portfolio manager(s) and as a result, the companies in which a Fund invests may not be considered ESG companies or have high ESG ratings.
ACTIVE TRADING RISK − Active trading could increase a Fund’s transaction costs and may increase your tax liability as compared to a fund with less active trading policies. These effects may also adversely affect Fund performance.
AUTHORIZED PARTICIPANT CONCENTRATION RISK − Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a Fund. A Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to a Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
BOND FORWARDS RISK − A bond forward is a contractual agreement between a Fund and another party to buy or sell an underlying asset at an agreed-upon future price and date. When a Fund enters into a bond forward, it will also simultaneously enter into a reverse repurchase agreement. In a bond forward transaction, no cash premium is paid when the parties enter into the bond forward. If the transaction is collateralized, an exchange of margin collateral will take place according to an agreed-upon schedule. Otherwise, no asset of any kind changes hands until the bond forward matures (typically in 30 days) or is rolled over for another agreed-upon period. Generally, the value of the bond forward will change based on changes in the value of the underlying asset. Bond forwards are subject to market risk (the risk that the market value of the underlying bond may change), non-correlation risk (the risk that the market value
35

of the bond forward might move independently of the market value of the underlying bond) and counterparty credit risk (the risk that a counterparty will be unable to meet its obligation under the contract). If there is no cash exchanged at the time a Fund enters into the bond forward, counterparty risk may be limited to the loss of any marked-to-market profit on the contract and any delays or limitations on the Fund’s ability to sell or otherwise use the investments used as collateral for the bond forward. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by a Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements carry the risk that the market value of the securities that a Fund is obligated to repurchase may decline below the repurchase price. A Fund could also lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and/or the value of any collateral held or assets segregated by the Fund to cover the transaction declines below the value of securities. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may increase the possibility of fluctuation in a Fund’s NAV.
CALL RISK − Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during periods of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early. If an issuer calls a security in which a Fund has invested, the Fund may not recoup the full amount of its initial investment and may be forced to reinvest in lower-yielding securities, securities with greater credit risks or securities with other, less favorable features. This could potentially lower a Fund’s income, yield and distributions to shareholders.
CASH TRANSACTIONS RISK − A Fund may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. As a result, an investment in a Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that effects creations and redemptions primarily or wholly in-kind. ETFs generally are able to make in-kind redemptions and thereby avoid being taxed on gains on the distributed portfolio securities at the Fund level. When a Fund effects redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, it may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds, which involves transaction costs. If a Fund realizes a gain on these sales, the Fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would otherwise be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. A Fund generally distributes these gains to shareholders to avoid capital gains taxes at the Fund level and the need to otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to such gains. This strategy may cause shareholders to be subject to tax on gains to which they would not otherwise be subject, or at an earlier date than if they had made an investment in a different ETF. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if a Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of a Fund’s shares may be wider than those of shares of ETFs that primarily or wholly transact in-kind.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES RISK − The market value of a convertible security typically performs like that of a regular debt security; that is, if market interest rates rise, the value of a convertible security usually falls. In addition, convertible securities are subject to the risk that the issuer will not be able to pay interest or dividends when due, and their market value may change based on changes in the issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security is also subject to the same types of market and issuer risk that apply to the underlying common stock. A convertible security tends to perform more like a stock when the underlying stock price is high relative to the conversion price (because more of the security’s value resides in the option to convert) and more like a debt security when the underlying stock price is low relative to the conversion price (because the option to convert is less valuable).
A Fund may invest in contingent convertible securities (“CoCos”). CoCos are a form of hybrid debt security that are intended to either convert into equity or have their principal written down upon the occurrence of certain “triggers.” The value of CoCos is unpredictable and will be influenced by many factors including, without limitation: (i) the creditworthiness of the issuer and/or fluctuations in such issuer’s applicable capital ratios; (ii) supply and demand for the CoCos; (iii) general market conditions and available liquidity; and (iv) economic, financial and political events that affect the issuer, its particular market or the financial markets in general. Investments in CoCos may be considered speculative.
COUNTERPARTY RISK − The risk that the counterparty to a derivatives contract or a borrower of a Fund’s securities may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations. Over-the-counter derivatives may not offer the Fund the same level of protection as exchange traded derivatives.
36

CREDIT RISK − Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security or other instrument will not be able to make principal and interest payments when due. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of the Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.
CREDIT RISK TRANSFER SECURITIES RISK − Credit risk transfer (“CRT”) securities are fixed income securities that transfer the credit risk related to certain types of mortgage backed securities (“MBS”) to the owner of the CRT securities.  If the underlying mortgages default, the principal of the owners of CRT securities is used to pay back holders of the MBS.  As a result, all or part of the mortgage default or credit risk associated with the underlying mortgage pools is transferred to a Fund. Therefore, a Fund could lose all or part of its investments in CRT securities in the event of default by the underlying mortgages.
CURRENCY RISK − The risk that the value of a Fund’s investments in foreign securities or currencies will be affected by the value of the applicable currency relative to the U.S. dollar. When a Fund sells a foreign currency or foreign currency denominated security, its value may be worth less in U.S. dollars even if the investment increases in value in its local market. U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers may also be affected by currency risk, as the revenue earned by issuers of these securities may also be affected by changes in the issuer’s local currency. Currency markets generally are not as regulated as securities markets. The dollar value of foreign investments may be affected by exchange controls. A Fund may be positively or negatively affected by governmental strategies intended to make the U.S. dollar, or other currencies in which a Fund invests, stronger or weaker. Currency risk may be particularly high to the extent that a Fund invests in foreign securities or currencies that are economically tied to emerging market countries.
DERIVATIVES RISK − A Fund may use derivatives for investment purposes and/or for hedging purposes, including anticipatory hedges. Derivatives are instruments whose value depends on, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Successful use of derivative instruments by a Fund depends on the sub-adviser’s judgment with respect to a number of factors and a Fund’s performance may be worse and/or more volatile than if it had not used these instruments. Derivatives may involve significant risks, including:
Counterparty/Credit Risk - the risk that the party on the other side of the transaction will be unable to honor its financial obligation to a Fund.
Currency Risk - the risk that changes in the exchange rate between currencies will adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
Leverage Risk - the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that greatly exceed the amount originally invested.
Liquidity Risk - the risk that certain investments may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like or at the price that the seller believes the security is currently worth, which could expose a Fund to losses and could make derivatives more difficult for a Fund to value accurately.
Index Risk - if the derivative is linked to the performance of an index, it will be subject to the risks associated with changes in that index. If the index changes, a Fund could receive lower interest payments or experience a reduction in the value of the derivative to below what a Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which move in an opposite direction to the index), may create leverage, to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index. For this reason, a Fund’s investment in these instruments may decline significantly in value if index levels move in a way that is not anticipated.
Regulatory Risk - Government legislation or regulation may make derivatives more costly, may limit the availability of derivatives, or may otherwise adversely affect the use, value or performance of derivatives. In October 2020, the SEC adopted new regulations applicable to a fund's use of derivatives and that will, among other things, require a fund to adopt a derivatives risk management program and appoint a derivatives risk manager that will manage the program and communicate to the board of directors of the fund. The new rule could impact the effectiveness or raise the costs of a Fund's derivatives transactions, impede the employment of the Fund's derivatives strategies, or adversely affect Fund performance and cause the Fund to lose value.
Tax Risk - The tax treatment of a derivative may not be as favorable as a direct investment in the underlying asset. The use of derivatives may adversely affect the timing, character and amount of income a Fund realizes from its investments, and could impair the ability of the sub-adviser to use derivatives when it wishes to do so.
Short Position Risk - A Fund may also take a short position in a derivative instrument, such as a future, forward or swap. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument which could cause a Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss.
37

If a Fund’s derivative investments represent a significant portion of its portfolio, a Fund’s exposure could far exceed the value of its portfolio securities and its investment performance could be primarily dependent upon securities it does not own.
FORWARD CURRENCY CONTRACTS RISK − A forward currency contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a currency at a set price on a future date. A Fund may enter into forward currency contracts in connection with settling purchases or sales of securities, to hedge the currency exposure associated with some or all of the Fund’s investments or as part of its investment strategy. The market value of a forward currency contract fluctuates with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Forward foreign currency exchange contracts do not eliminate fluctuations in the value of foreign securities but allow a Fund to establish a fixed rate of exchange for a future point in time. Forward currency contracts involve the risk that anticipated currency movements will not be accurately predicted, which could result in losses on those contracts and additional transaction costs. Use of such contracts, therefore, can have the effect of reducing returns and minimizing opportunities for gain. A Fund could also lose money when the contract is settled. A Fund’s gains from its positions in forward foreign currency contracts may accelerate and/or recharacterize the Fund’s income or gains and its distributions to shareholders as ordinary income. A Fund’s losses from such positions may also recharacterize the Fund’s income and its distributions to shareholders and may cause a return of capital to Fund shareholders. Such acceleration or recharacterization could affect an investor’s tax liability.
FORWARD RATE AGREEMENTS RISK − A forward rate agreement is an agreement where the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date (“lock rate”). If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. These transactions are subject to counterparty risk and the risk that a Fund will lose money if the sub-adviser predicts interest rate changes incorrectly.
FUTURES AND OPTIONS RISK − An option is an agreement that, for a premium payment or fee, gives the purchaser the right but not the obligation to buy or sell the underlying asset at a specified price during a period of time or on a specified date, or receive a cash settlement payment. A future is a contract that obligates the purchaser to take delivery, and the seller to make delivery, of a specific amount of an asset at a specified future date at a specified price, or make a cash settlement payment. Futures and options are subject to the risk that the sub-adviser may incorrectly predict the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors that may affect the value of the underlying asset. Futures and options may be more volatile than direct investments in the securities underlying the futures and options and may not correlate perfectly to the underlying securities. Futures and options also involve additional expenses as compared to investing directly in the underlying securities, which could reduce any benefit or increase any loss to a Fund from using the strategy. Futures and options may also involve the use of leverage as a Fund may make a small initial investment relative to the risk assumed, which could result in losses greater than if futures or options had not been used. Futures and options transactions may be effected on securities exchanges, in the case of certain options, or in the over-the-counter market. When options are purchased over-the-counter, a Fund bears the risk that the counter-party that wrote the option will be unable or unwilling to perform its obligations under the contract. Futures and options may also be illiquid, and in such cases, a Fund may have difficulty closing out its position or valuing the contract. Options on foreign currencies are affected by the factors that influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally. A Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions on foreign currency options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid secondary market, and there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time.
HEDGING RISK − Hedging is a strategy in which a Fund uses a derivative to offset the risks associated with other Fund holdings. While hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a manner different from that anticipated by a Fund or if the cost of the derivative outweighs the benefit of the hedge. Hedging also involves the risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match those of the holdings being hedged as expected by a Fund, in which case any losses on the holdings being hedged may not be reduced and may be increased. There can be no assurance that a Fund’s hedging strategy will reduce risk or that hedging transactions will be either available or cost effective. A Fund is not required to use hedging and may choose not to do so.
SWAPS RISK − Swap agreements are contracts entered into for a set period of time in which the parties agree to exchange payments based on some underlying reference asset (such as interest rates). The use of swaps is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques, risk analyses and tax planning different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. These transactions can result in sizeable realized and unrealized capital gains and losses relative to the gains and losses from a Fund’s direct investments in the reference assets.
38

Transactions in swaps can involve greater risks than if a Fund had invested directly in the reference asset since, in addition to general market risks, swaps may be leveraged and are also subject to illiquidity risk, counterparty risk, credit risk and valuation risk. Because certain swaps are two-party contracts and because they may have terms of greater than seven days, certain swap transactions may be considered to be illiquid. Moreover, a Fund bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a swap in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a swap counterparty. Some swaps may be complex and difficult to value. Swaps may also be subject to pricing or “basis” risk, which exists when a particular swap becomes extraordinarily expensive relative to historical prices or the price of corresponding cash market instruments. Under certain market conditions it may not be economically feasible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position in time to avoid a loss or take advantage of an opportunity. If a swap transaction is particularly large or if the relevant market is illiquid, it may not be possible to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price, which may result in significant losses.
The prices of swaps can be very volatile, and a variance in the degree of volatility or in the direction of the price of the reference asset from the sub-adviser’s expectations may produce significant losses in a Fund’s investments in swaps. In addition, a perfect correlation between a swap and an investment position may be impossible to achieve. As a result, a Fund’s use of swaps may not be effective in fulfilling a Fund’s investment strategies and may contribute to losses that would not have been incurred otherwise.
Certain swaps are centrally-cleared and are exchange-traded. Central clearing tends to decrease credit risk and improve liquidity. However, central clearing does not make the contracts risk-free and there is no guarantee that a Fund would consider all exchange-traded swaps to be liquid.
In order to reduce the risk associated with leveraging, a Fund may “set aside” liquid assets (often referred to as “asset segregation”), or otherwise “cover” its position in a manner consistent with the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. Each Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future to comply with any changes in the SEC’s positions regarding asset segregation.
Credit Default Swaps Risk - A credit default swap enables an investor to buy or sell protection against a credit event with respect to an issuer. Credit default swaps may have as reference obligations one or more securities that are not currently held by a Fund. The protection “buyer” may be obligated to pay the protection “seller” an up-front payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the contract, provided generally that no credit event on a reference obligation has occurred. Credit default swaps involve special risks in addition to those mentioned above because they are difficult to value, are highly susceptible to liquidity and credit risk, and generally pay a return to the party that has paid the premium only in the event of an actual default by the issuer of the underlying obligation (as opposed to a credit downgrade or other indication of financial difficulty).
Interest Rate Swaps Risk - In an interest rate swap, a Fund and another party exchange their rights to receive interest payments based on a reference interest rate. Interest rate swaps are subject to interest rate risk and credit risk. An interest rate swap transaction could result in losses if the underlying asset or reference does not perform as anticipated. Interest rate swaps are also subject to counterparty risk. If the counterparty fails to meet its obligations, a Fund may lose money.
Total Return Swaps Risk - In a total return swap transaction, one party agrees to pay the other party an amount equal to the total return on a defined underlying asset or a non-asset reference during a specified period of time. In return, the other party would make periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or on the total return from a different underlying asset or non-asset reference. Total return swaps could result in losses if the underlying asset or reference does not perform as anticipated. Total return swaps can have the potential for unlimited losses. They are also subject to counterparty risk. If the counterparty fails to meet its obligations, a Fund may lose money.
Volatility Swaps Risk - A Fund may enter into types of volatility swaps to hedge the volatility of a particular security, currency, index or other financial instrument, or to seek to increase its investment return. In volatility swaps, counterparties agree to buy or sell volatility at a specific level over a fixed period. Volatility swaps are subject to credit risks (if the counterparty fails to meet its obligations), and the risk that the sub-adviser is incorrect in its forecast of volatility for the underlying security, currency, index or other financial instrument that is the subject of the swap. If the sub-adviser is incorrect in its forecast, a Fund would likely be required to make a payment to the counterparty under the swap. Volatility swaps can have the potential for unlimited losses.
39

DOLLAR ROLLS RISK − A Fund may enter into dollar rolls in which the Fund will sell securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contract to repurchase substantially similar (the same type and coupon) securities on a specified future date from the same party. Dollar rolls involve the risk that the market value of the securities that a Fund is committed to buy may decline below the price of the securities the Fund has sold or that the counterparty may be unable to fulfill its obligations. These transactions may involve leverage.
EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS RISK − An investment in an ETF generally presents the same primary risks as an investment in a fund that is not exchange-traded that has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies as the ETF. ETF investments are also subject to the risk that the ETF may fail to accurately track the market segment or index that underlies its investment objective; the risk that, to the extent the ETF does not fully replicate the underlying index, the ETF’s investment strategy may not produce the intended results; the risk of more frequent price fluctuations due to secondary market trading, which may result in a loss to a Fund; the risk that the ETF may trade at a price that is lower than its NAV; and the risk that an active market for the ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained. ETFs are also subject to specific risks depending on the nature of the ETF, such as liquidity risk, sector risk, and foreign and emerging markets risk, as well as risks associated with fixed income securities, real estate investments and commodities. An investment in an ETF presents the risk that the ETF may no longer meet the listing requirements of any applicable exchanges on which the ETF is listed. A Fund will indirectly pay a proportional share of the asset-based fees of the ETFs in which a Fund invests. In addition, a Fund pays brokerage commissions in connection with the purchase and sale of shares of ETFs.
EXCHANGE TRADED NOTES RISK − Exchange traded notes (“ETNs”) are a type of unsecured, unsubordinated debt security that have characteristics and risks, including credit risk, similar to those of fixed-income securities, and trade on a major exchange similar to shares of exchange-traded funds ("ETFs"). Unlike other types of fixed income securities, however, the performance of ETNs is based upon that of a market index or other reference asset minus fees and expenses, no coupon payments are made and no principal protection exists. The value of an ETN may be affected by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying commodities or securities markets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced commodity or security. A Fund’s ability to sell its ETN holdings also may be limited by the availability of a secondary market and the Fund may have to sell such holdings at a discount. ETNs also are subject to counterparty credit risk, fixed-income risk and tracking error risk (where the ETN’s performance may not match or correlate to that of its market index). ETNs also incur certain expenses not incurred by their applicable index.
EVENT RISK − Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers, or similar events financed by increased debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS RISK − Investments in foreign securities may be riskier than investments in U.S. securities and may also be less liquid, more volatile and more difficult to value than securities of U.S. issuers. Foreign investments may be affected by the following:
changes in currency exchange rates
changes in foreign or U.S. law or restrictions applicable to such investments and in exchange control regulations
increased volatility
substantially less volume on foreign stock markets and other securities markets
higher commissions and dealer mark-ups
inefficiencies in certain foreign clearance and settlement procedures that could result in an inability to execute transactions or delays in settlement
less uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards
less publicly available information about a foreign issuer or borrower
less government regulation and oversight
unfavorable foreign tax laws
political, social, economic or diplomatic developments in a foreign country or region or the U.S. (including the imposition of sanctions, tariffs, or other governmental restrictions)
differences in individual foreign economies
40

geopolitical events (including pandemics and epidemics) that may disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global economies and markets
Governments in many emerging market countries participate to a significant degree in their economies and securities markets, which may impair investment and economic growth. In addition, global economies and financial markets are becoming increasingly interconnected, which increases the possibility that conditions in one country or region might adversely impact issuers in a different country or region.
The impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. These consequences include greater market volatility and illiquidity, currency fluctuations, deterioration in economic activity, a decrease in business confidence and an increased likelihood of a recession in such markets. Uncertainty relating to the United Kingdom’s departure may have adverse effects on asset valuations and the renegotiation of current trade agreements, as well as an increase in financial regulation in such markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
SOVEREIGN DEBT RISK − In addition to the risks associated with investment in debt securities and foreign securities generally, sovereign debt instruments are subject to the risk that a governmental entity may delay or refuse to pay interest or repay principal on its sovereign debt or otherwise meet its obligations. This may be due to cash flow problems, insufficient foreign currency reserves, political considerations, the relative size of the governmental entity’s debt position in relation to the economy or the failure to put in place economic reforms required by the International Monetary Fund or other multilateral agencies. Furthermore, there is the possibility of contagion that could occur if one country defaults on its debt, and that a default in one country could trigger declines and possible additional defaults in other countries in the region. If a governmental entity defaults, it may ask for more time in which to pay or for further loans. There is no legal process for collecting sovereign debt that a government does not pay nor are there bankruptcy proceedings through which all or part of the sovereign debt that a governmental entity has not repaid may be collected. In addition, if a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Unlike most corporate debt restructurings, the fees and expenses of financial and legal advisers to the creditors in connection with a restructuring may be borne by the holders of the sovereign debt securities instead of the sovereign entity itself. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments, and similar occurrences may happen in the future.
Sub-sovereign bonds represent the debt of state, provincial, territorial, municipal, local or other political sub-divisions, including other governmental entities or agencies. Quasi-sovereign bonds represent the debt of corporations that have significant government ownership. Sub-sovereign and quasi-sovereign bonds are subject to the risks of investing in sovereign debt generally. In addition, sub-sovereign and quasi-sovereign debt may or may not be issued by or guaranteed as to principal and interest by a governmental authority. Certain foreign government securities may be backed by the issuer’s right to borrow from a central bank or other regional banking entity while others may be backed only by the assets and credit of the issuing foreign entity. If an issuer of sub-sovereign or quasi-sovereign bonds defaults on payments of principal and/or interest, a Fund may have limited recourse against the issuer.
A Fund may invest in obligations issued or guaranteed by supranational entities, which may include, for example, entities such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (the World Bank). If one or more shareholders of a supranational entity fails to make necessary additional capital contributions, the entity may be unable to pay interest or repay principal on its debt securities, and the Fund may lose money on such investments.
EMERGING MARKETS RISK − The risks of foreign investments are usually greater for emerging markets. Investments in emerging markets may be considered speculative. Emerging markets are riskier than more developed markets because they tend to develop unevenly and may never fully develop. They are more likely to experience hyperinflation and currency devaluations, which adversely affect returns to U.S. investors. In addition, many emerging markets have far lower trading volumes and less liquidity than developed markets. Since these markets are often small, they may be more likely to suffer sharp and frequent price changes or long-term price depression because of adverse publicity, investor perceptions or the actions of a few large investors. In addition, traditional measures of investment value used in the United States, such as price to earnings ratios, may not apply to certain small markets. Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. Many emerging markets have histories of political instability and abrupt changes in policies. As a result, their governments are more likely to take actions that are hostile or detrimental to private enterprise or foreign investment than those of more developed
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countries, including expropriation of assets, confiscatory taxation, high rates of inflation or unfavorable diplomatic developments. In such an event, it is possible that a Fund could lose the entire value of its investments in the affected market. Some countries have pervasive corruption and crime that may hinder investments. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war, and ethnic, religious and racial conflicts. In addition, governments in many emerging market countries participate to a significant degree in their economies and securities markets, which may impair investment and economic growth. Emerging markets may also have differing legal systems and the existence or possible imposition of exchange controls, custodial restrictions or other foreign or U.S. governmental laws or restrictions applicable to such investments. Settlements of trades in emerging markets may be subject to significant delays. The inability to make intended purchases of securities due to settlement problems could cause missed investment opportunities. Losses could also be caused by an inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems. Sometimes, emerging markets may lack or be in the relatively early development of legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property, and the ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and the U.S. Department of Justice) and investors (e.g., the Funds) to bring actions against bad actors may be limited. As a result of these legal structures and limitations, a Fund faces the risk of being unable to enforce its rights with respect to its investments in emerging markets, which may cause losses to the Fund. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.
The risks outlined above are often more pronounced in “frontier markets” in which a Fund may invest. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid. These factors make investing in frontier market countries significantly riskier than investing in other countries.
HIGH YIELD INVESTMENTS RISK − Although high yield investments (also known as “junk bonds”) generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade bonds, junk bonds are high risk, speculative investments that may cause income and principal losses for a Fund. The major risks of junk bond investments include:
Junk bonds may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of junk bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of junk bond holders, leaving few or no assets available to repay junk bond holders.​
Prices of junk bonds are subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of junk bonds than on other higher rated fixed-income securities.
Issuers of junk bonds may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments, or the unavailability of additional financing.
Junk bonds frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security from a Fund before it matures. If the issuer redeems junk bonds, a Fund may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields and may lose income.
Junk bonds may be less liquid than higher rated fixed-income securities, even under normal economic conditions. There are fewer dealers in the junk bond market, and there may be significant differences in the prices quoted for junk bonds by the dealers. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing certain of a Fund’s securities than is the case with securities trading in a more liquid market.
A Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer.
The credit rating of a high yield security does not necessarily address its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer.
ILLIQUID INVESTMENTS RISK − An illiquid investment means an investment that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions within seven calendar days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, as determined under the Fund's liquidity risk management program. In addition, securities and other investments purchased by a Fund that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the securities, market events, rising interest rates, economic conditions or investor perceptions. If a Fund holds illiquid investments, it may be unable to quickly sell them or may be able to sell them only at a price below current value. If one or more of a Fund’s investments becomes illiquid, the Fund may exceed its limit on such investments. In this case, the Fund will consider appropriate steps to bring the Fund’s holdings back under the limit.
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INFLATION-PROTECTED SECURITIES RISK − The value of inflation-protected securities generally fluctuates in response to changes in real interest rates (stated interest rates adjusted to factor in inflation). In general, the price of an inflation-indexed security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease. Interest payments on inflation-protected debt securities will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is adjusted for inflation and can be unpredictable. The market for Treasury inflation-protected securities (“TIPS”) and corporate inflation-protected securities (“CIPS”) may be less developed or liquid, and more volatile, than certain other securities markets. There can be no assurance that the inflation index used in these securities (i.e., the CPI) will accurately measure the real rate of inflation. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income for the amount of the increase in the calendar year, even though a Fund will not receive its principal until maturity.
INTEREST RATE RISK − The risk that your investment may go down in value when interest rates rise, because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. A wide variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. For this reason, the longer the Fund’s average weighted portfolio maturity, the greater the impact a change in interest rates will have on its share price. Falling interest rates may also lead to a decline in the Fund’s income. These risks are greater during periods of rising inflation. Volatility in interest rates and in fixed income markets may increase the risk that the Fund’s investment in fixed income securities will go down in value. A rise in interest rates could also cause investors to rapidly move out of fixed-income securities, which may increase redemptions in the Fund and subject the Fund to increased liquidity risk. A substantial increase in interest rates may also have an adverse impact on the liquidity of one or more portfolio securities, especially those with longer maturities.
Risks associated with rising interest rates are currently heightened because interest rates remain near historic lows. The U.S. Federal Reserve Board and other central banks may raise the federal funds rate and equivalent rates. Any such increases will likely cause market interest rates to rise, which will cause the value of the Fund’s fixed income holdings, particularly those with longer maturities, to fall. Any such rate increases may also increase volatility and reduce liquidity in the fixed income markets, which would make it more difficult to sell a Fund’s fixed income investments. Changes in central bank interest rate policies could also result in higher than normal selling of Fund shares, which could potentially increase portfolio turnover and a Fund’s transaction costs.
INVERSE FLOATER RISK − Inverse floaters earn interest at rates that vary inversely to changes in short-term interest rates. As short term interest rates rise, inverse floaters produce less income (and, in extreme cases, may pay no income) and as short-term interest rates fall, inverse floaters produce more income. Inverse floaters may be subject to leverage risk and counterparty risk. These risks are greater for inverse floaters that are structured as tender option bonds (“TOBs”). The prices and income of inverse floaters are generally more volatile than the prices and income of bonds with similar maturities and may decline rapidly during periods of rising interest rates. An investment in inverse floaters involves the risk of loss of principal and typically will involve greater risk than an investment in a municipal fixed rate security. Inverse floaters generally will underperform the market for fixed rate municipal securities in a rising interest rate environment. Investments in inverse floaters in the form of TOBs are also subject to risks related to the termination of the trust that issues the TOB, which could expose a Fund to losses associated with such termination.
ISSUER RISK − The performance of each Fund depends on the performance of individual securities to which a Fund has exposure. Any issuer of these securities may perform poorly, causing the value of its securities to decline. Poor performance may be caused by poor management decisions, competitive pressures, changes in technology, expiration of patent protection, disruptions in supply, labor problems or shortages, corporate restructurings, fraudulent disclosures or other factors. Issuers may, in times of distress or at their own discretion, decide to reduce or eliminate dividends, which may also cause their stock prices to decline.
LARGE SHAREHOLDER TRANSACTION RISK − Certain shareholders, including funds advised by Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC ("HFMC" or the “Investment Manager”) or an affiliate, may from time to time own a substantial amount of a Fund’s shares. A third-party investor, HFMC or an affiliate of HFMC, an authorized participant, a lead market maker, or another entity may invest in a Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time solely to facilitate commencement of the Fund or to facilitate the Fund’s achieving a specified size or scale. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder would not redeem its investment, that the size of the Fund would be maintained at such levels or that the Fund would continue to meet applicable listing requirements. In addition, transactions by large shareholders may account for a large percentage of the trading volume on a Fund’s listing exchange and may, therefore, have a material upward or downward effect on the market price of the Fund’s shares.
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LEVERAGE RISK − Certain transactions, including derivatives, to-be-announced investments and other when-issued, delayed delivery or forward commitment transactions, involve a form of leverage. Transactions involving leverage provide investment exposure in an amount exceeding the initial investment. Leverage can increase market exposure, magnify investment risks, and cause losses to be realized more quickly. Certain derivatives have the potential to cause unlimited losses for a Fund, regardless of the size of the initial investment. Leverage may also cause a Fund’s NAV to be more volatile than if the Fund had not been leveraged, as relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of a leveraged investment. To reduce the risk associated with leveraging, a Fund may “set aside” liquid assets (often referred to as “asset segregation”), or otherwise “cover” its position in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. Each Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future to comply with any changes in the SEC’s positions regarding asset segregation. The use of leverage may cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions to satisfy its obligations or to meet asset segregation requirements when it may not be advantageous to do so.
LIBOR RISK − The use of London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) is expected to be phased out by the end of 2021. Uncertainty remains regarding the future use of LIBOR and the nature of any replacement rate. As such, the potential effect of a transition away from LIBOR on a Fund or the debt securities or other instruments based on or referencing LIBOR in which a Fund invests cannot yet fully be determined. The transition process might lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that currently rely on LIBOR to determine interest rates. It could also lead to a reduction in the value of some LIBOR-based investments held by a Fund and reduce the effectiveness of new hedges placed against existing LIBOR-based instruments. Among other possible negative consequences, the transition away from LIBOR could:
Adversely impact the pricing, liquidity, value of, return on and trading for a broad array of financial products, including any LIBOR-linked securities, loans and derivatives in which a Fund may invest;
Require extensive negotiations of and/or amendments to agreements and other documentation governing LIBOR-linked investments products;
Lead to disputes, litigation or other actions with counterparties or portfolio companies regarding the interpretation and enforceability of “fall back” provisions that provide for an alternative reference rate in the event of LIBOR’s unavailability; and
Cause a Fund to incur additional costs in relation to any of the above factors.
The risks associated with the above factors are heightened with respect to investments in LIBOR-based products that do not include a fall back provision that addresses how interest rates will be determined if LIBOR stops being published. Other important factors include the pace of the transition, the specific terms of alternative reference rates accepted in the market, the depth of the market for investments based on alternative reference rates, and the Investment Manager’s and/or sub-adviser’s ability to develop appropriate investment and compliance systems capable of addressing alternative reference rates.
LIQUIDITY RISK − Liquidity risk exists when the markets for particular investments or types of investments are or become relatively illiquid so that it is difficult or impossible for a Fund to sell the investment at the price at which the Fund has valued it. Illiquidity may result from political, economic or issuer specific events; changes in a specific market’s size or structure, including the number of participants; or overall market disruptions. Securities with reduced liquidity or that become illiquid involve greater risk than securities with more liquid markets. If a Fund and its affiliates hold a significant portion of a single issuer’s outstanding securities, the Fund may be subject to greater liquidity risk than if the issuer’s securities were more widely held.
Market quotations for illiquid or less liquid securities may be volatile and/or subject to large spreads between bid and ask prices. Reduced liquidity may have a negative impact on market price and a Fund’s ability to sell particular securities when necessary to meet the Fund’s liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event. In addition, during periods of reduced market liquidity or in the absence of readily available market quotations for particular investments in a Fund’s portfolio, it may be difficult for the Fund to value these investments and it may be necessary to fair value the investments. There can be no assurance that a security’s fair value accurately reflects the price at which a Fund could sell that security at that time, which could affect the proceeds of any sale or the number of Fund shares you receive upon purchase.
Bond markets have consistently grown over the past three decades while the capacity for traditional dealer counterparties to engage in fixed income trading has not kept pace and in some cases has decreased. As a result, dealer inventories of corporate bonds are at or near historic lows in relation to market size. The significant reduction in dealer inventories could potentially lead to decreased liquidity and increased volatility in the fixed income markets. Such issues may be worse during periods of economic uncertainty.
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LOANS AND LOAN PARTICIPATIONS RISK − A Fund may invest in loans and loan participations originated or issued by both banks and corporations. Loans and loan participations, including floating rate loans, are subject to credit risk, including the risk of nonpayment of principal or interest. Also, substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan defaults. Although the loans a Fund holds may be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be relatively illiquid, or lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. In addition, in the event an issuer becomes insolvent, a loan could be subject to settlement risks or administrative disruptions that could adversely affect a Fund’s investment. It may also be difficult to obtain reliable information about a loan or loan participation.
Many loans are subject to extended settlement periods and it may take greater than seven days for a loan purchase or sale transaction to settle. Loans may also be subject to restrictions on resale and may be difficult to value. Long settlement periods, any restrictions on a Fund’s ability to resell a loan investment and any difficulties in valuing a loan investment will have an adverse impact on the Fund’s ability to sell particular loans or loan participations when necessary to meet redemption requests or liquidity needs to the extent that such redemptions are effected on a cash basis, or to respond to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. These effects may make it more difficult for a Fund to pay Authorized Participants when they redeem their Fund shares to the extent that such redemptions are effected on a cash basis. Loans may also be subject to extension risk (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates) and prepayment risk (the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more quickly in periods of falling interest rates).
Commercial banks and other financial institutions or institutional investors make floating rate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on these loans at rates that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) or the prime rates of U.S. banks. As a result, the value of loan investments is generally less exposed to the adverse effects of shifts in market interest rates than investments that pay a fixed rate of interest. However, because the trading market for certain loans may be less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, a Fund may experience difficulties in selling its loans. Leading financial institutions often act as agent for a broader group of lenders, generally referred to as a syndicate. The syndicate’s agent arranges the loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent develops financial problems, the Fund may not recover its investment or recovery may be delayed. By investing in such a loan, a Fund may become a member of the syndicate.
The loans in which a Fund invests are subject to the risk of loss of principal and income. Although borrowers frequently provide collateral to secure repayment of these obligations, they do not always do so. If they do provide collateral, the value of the collateral may not completely cover the borrower’s obligations at the time of a default. If a borrower files for protection from its creditors under the U.S. bankruptcy laws, these laws may limit a Fund’s rights to its collateral. In addition, the value of collateral may erode during a bankruptcy case. In the event of a bankruptcy, the holder of a loan may not recover its principal, may experience a long delay in recovering its investment and may not receive interest during the delay. Additionally, with respect to loan participations, a Fund, as a participant in a loan, will not have any direct claim on the loan or against the borrower, and the Fund may be subject to greater delays, expenses and risks than would have been involved if the Fund had purchased a direct obligation of the borrower. In the event of the insolvency of an agent bank (in a syndicated loan, the agent bank is the bank in the syndicate whom undertakes the bulk of the administrative duties involved in the day-to-day administration of the loan), a loan could be subject to settlement risk, as well as the risk of interruptions in the administrative duties performed in the day to day administration of the loan (such as processing LIBOR calculations, processing draws, etc.). Because the sub-adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of a borrower’s credit quality, a Fund is dependent on the analytical abilities of the sub-adviser with respect to its investments in loans.
Compared to securities and to certain other types of financial assets, purchases and sales of Senior Loans take relatively longer to settle, partly due to the fact that Senior Loans require a written assignment agreement and various ancillary documents for each transfer, and frequently require discretionary consents from both the borrower and the administrative agent. In addition, recent regulatory changes have increasingly caused dealers to insist on matching their purchases and sales, which can lead to delays in a Fund's settlement of a purchase or sale of a Senior Loan in circumstances where the dealer's corresponding transaction with another party is delayed. Dealers will also sometimes sell Senior Loans short, and hold their trades open for an indefinite period while waiting for a price movement or looking for inventory to purchase.
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This extended settlement process can (i) increase the counterparty credit risk borne by a Fund; (ii) leave a Fund unable to timely vote, or otherwise act with respect to, Senior Loans it has agreed to purchase; (iii) delay a Fund from realizing the proceeds of a sale of a Senior Loan; (iv) inhibit a Fund's ability to re-sell a Senior Loan that it has agreed to purchase if conditions change (leaving the Fund more exposed to price fluctuations); (v) prevent a Fund from timely collecting principal and interest payments; and (vi) expose a Fund to adverse tax or regulatory consequences.
Loan interests may not be considered “securities,” and, therefore, purchasers such as a Fund may not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws. A Fund may be in possession of material non-public information about a borrower or issuer as a result of its ownership of a loan or security of such borrower or issuer. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities of issuers while in possession of such information, a Fund may be unable to enter into a transaction in a loan or security of such a borrower or issuer when it would otherwise be advantageous to do so.
MARKET PRICE RISK − The NAV of a Fund’s shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of a Fund’s shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, and changes in the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the listing exchange. Although it is expected that a Fund’s shares will remain listed on an exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) a Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of a Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various types of orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of a Fund. Neither the investment manager nor a Fund’s sub-adviser can predict whether a Fund’s shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for a Fund’s shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of a Fund’s portfolio holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. Authorized Participants may be less willing to create or redeem Fund shares if there is a lack of an active market for such shares or a Fund’s underlying investments, which may contribute to the Fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or to what extent a Fund’s shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of a Fund’s holdings.
MARKET RISK − Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which a Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that the markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities or other investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or individual issuers. The value of a security or other investment may change in value due to general market conditions that are not related to a particular issuer, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for revenues or corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. The value of a security or other investment may also change in value due to factors that affect an individual issuer, including data breaches and cybersecurity attacks, or a particular sector or industry. During a general downturn in the securities or other markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously. When markets perform well, there can be no assurance that securities or other investments held by a Fund will participate in or otherwise benefit from the advance. Any market disruptions, including those arising out of geopolitical events (including pandemics and epidemics) or natural/environmental disasters, could also prevent a Fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner. Although a Fund generally seeks to reduce the risks related to the equity and fixed income markets, there is no guarantee that the Fund’s strategy will be successful and the Fund is still exposed to overall market risk. A widespread health crisis, such as a global pandemic, could cause substantial market volatility, exchange trading suspensions or restrictions and closures of securities exchanges and businesses, impact the ability to complete redemptions, and adversely impact Fund performance.  A recent outbreak of COVID-19, a respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus, has negatively affected the worldwide economy, the financial health of individual companies and the market in significant and unforeseen ways. The future impact of COVID-19 is currently unknown.  The effects to public health, business and market conditions resulting from COVID-19 pandemic may have a significant negative impact on the performance of a Fund’s investments, including exacerbating other pre-existing political, social and economic risks.
MORTGAGE-RELATED AND OTHER ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES RISK − Mortgage-related and other asset-backed securities are subject to certain risks, including credit risk and interest rate risk. These investments expose a Fund to “extension risk,” which is the risk that borrowers will repay a loan more slowly in periods of rising interest rates which could increase the interest rate sensitivity of certain investments — such as mortgage- and asset-backed securities — and
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cause the value of these investments to fall. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, if a Fund holds mortgage-related securities and other asset-backed securities, it may exhibit additional volatility. In addition, adjustable and fixed rate mortgage-backed securities are subject to “prepayment risk.” When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their mortgages sooner than expected. This can reduce a Fund’s returns because the Fund may have to reinvest that money at lower prevailing interest rates. A Fund’s investments in other asset-backed securities are subject to risks similar to those associated with mortgage-backed securities, as well as additional risks associated with the nature of the assets and the servicing of those assets. These securities are also subject to risk of default on the underlying mortgage or asset, particularly during periods of economic downturn. Issuers of asset-backed securities may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements provided to support the securities, if any, may be inadequate to protect investors in the event of default. In addition, as a result of its investment in asset-backed securities, a Fund would be subject to the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain asset-backed securities. Certain asset-backed securities are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.
Collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which are a type of asset-backed security, are subject to heightened risks, including the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; the quality of the collateral may decline in value or default; a Fund may invest in collateralized debt obligations that are subordinate to other classes and, therefore, will not have primary rights to any payments in bankruptcy; values may be volatile; and disputes with the issuer may produce unexpected investment results. A Fund’s investments in CDOs will not receive the same investor protection as an investment in registered securities. In addition, prices of CDO investments can decline considerably. These types of instruments are frequently referred to as “mortgage derivatives” and are sensitive to changing interest rates and deteriorating credit environments. CDOs may lack of a readily available secondary market and be difficult to sell at the price at which a Fund values them.
A Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities issued by the U.S. Government or by non-governmental issuers. To the extent that a Fund invests in mortgage-backed securities offered by non-governmental issuers, such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers, the Fund may be subject to additional risks. Mortgage-related securities issued by private issuers are subject to the credit risks of the issuers, as well as to interest rate risks. Timely payment of interest and principal of non-governmental issuers is supported by various forms of private insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance purchased by the issuer. There can be no assurance that the private insurers can meet their obligations under the policies. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may adversely affect the value of a mortgage-backed security and could result in losses to a Fund. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include subprime mortgages. Subprime mortgages refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their mortgages.
COLLATERALIZED LOAN OBLIGATIONS RISK − Collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) bear many of the same risks as other forms of asset-backed securities, including interest rate risk, credit risk and default risk. As they are backed by pools of loans, CLOs also bear similar risks to investing in loans directly. CLOs issue classes or “tranches” that vary in risk and yield. CLOs may experience substantial losses attributable to loan defaults. Losses caused by defaults on underlying assets are borne first by the holders of subordinate tranches. A Fund’s investment in CLOs may decrease in market value when the CLO experiences loan defaults or credit impairment, the disappearance of a subordinate tranche, or market anticipation of defaults and investor aversion to CLO securities as a class.
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES RISK − Municipal securities risks include the possibility that the issuer may not be able to pay interest or repay principal when due; the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities; and the possibility that future legislative changes could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. Municipal securities are subject to interest rate risk, credit risk and market risk. Because municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, conditions in those sectors may affect the overall municipal securities market. In addition, changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market. Investment in municipal securities is also subject to:
General Obligation Bonds Risks - The full faith, credit and taxing power of the municipality that issues a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.
Revenue Bonds Risks - Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities, or the amount of revenues derived from another source.
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Private Activity Bonds Risks - Municipalities and other public authorities issue private activity bonds to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, a Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.
Moral Obligation Bonds Risks - Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.
Municipal Notes Risks - Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of, and are secured by, tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and a Fund may lose money.
Municipal Lease Obligations Risks - In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, if the issuer does not fulfill its payment obligation (i.e., annually appropriate money to make the lease payments), it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover a Fund’s loss.
Tax-Exempt Status Risk - Municipal securities are subject to the risk that the Internal Revenue Service may determine that an issuer has not complied with applicable tax requirements and that interest from the municipal security is taxable, which may result in a significant decline in the value of the security.
NEW FUND RISK – A Fund with a limited operating history may be subject to additional risks. There can be no assurance that a Fund will grow to an economically viable size, in which case a Fund may cease operations. In such an event, investors may be required to liquidate or transfer their investments at an inopportune time.
NO GUARANTEE OF ACTIVE TRADING MARKET RISK − While Fund shares are listed on an exchange, there can be no assurance that active trading markets for shares will be maintained by market makers or authorized participants. Decisions by market makers or authorized participants to reduce their role or “step away” from these activities in times of market stress may inhibit the effectiveness of the arbitrage process in maintaining the relationship between the underlying value of a Fund’s holdings and a Fund’s NAV. Such reduced effectiveness could result in a Fund’s shares trading at a discount to its NAV and also in greater than normal intraday bid/ask spreads for a Fund’s shares.
OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES RISK − Investments in securities of other investment companies, including ETFs, are generally subject to limitations prescribed by the 1940 Act and its rules, and applicable SEC staff interpretations or applicable exemptive relief granted by the SEC. Such investments subject a Fund to the risks that apply to the other investment company, including market and selection risk, and may increase a Fund’s expenses to the extent a Fund pays fees, including investment advisory and administrative fees, charged by the other investment company. The success of a Fund’s investment in these securities is directly related, in part, to the ability of the other investment companies, including ETFs, to meet their investment objective.
A business development company ("BDC"), which is a type of closed-end fund, typically invests in small and medium-sized companies. A BDC’s portfolio is subject to the risks inherent in investing in smaller companies, including that portfolio companies may be dependent on a small number of products or services and may be more adversely affected by poor economic or market conditions. Some BDCs invest substantially, or even exclusively, in one sector or industry group and therefore the BDC may be susceptible to adverse conditions and economic or regulatory occurrences affecting the sector or industry group, which tends to increase volatility and result in higher risk. The Small Business Credit Availability Act permits BDCs to adopt a lower asset coverage ratio, thereby enhancing their ability to use leverage. Investments in BDCs that use greater leverage may be subject to heightened risks.
REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS RISK − A Fund may enter into certain types of repurchase agreements or purchase and sale contracts. Under a repurchase agreement, the seller agrees to repurchase a security (typically a security issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Government) at a mutually agreed upon time and price. This insulates a Fund from changes in the market value of the security during the period. A purchase and sale contract is similar to a repurchase agreement, but purchase and sale contracts provide that the purchaser receives any interest on the security paid during the period. If the seller fails to repurchase the security in either situation and the market value declines, a Fund may lose money.
RESTRICTED SECURITIES RISK − Restricted securities are securities that cannot be offered for public resale unless registered under the applicable securities laws or that have a contractual restriction that prohibits or limits their resale. Restricted securities include private placement securities that have not been registered under the applicable securities
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laws, such as Rule 144A securities, and securities of U.S. and non-U.S. issuers that are issued pursuant to Regulation S. Restricted securities may not be listed on an exchange and may have no active trading market. Restricted securities may be illiquid. A Fund may be unable to sell them on short notice or may be able to sell them only at a price below current value. Also, a Fund may get only limited information about the issuer of a restricted security, so it may be less able to predict a loss. In addition, if Fund management receives material non-public information about the issuer, a Fund may as a result be unable to sell the securities. Certain restricted securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses. Please see "Rule 144A Securities and Regulation S Securities Risk" below.
Rule 144A Securities and Regulation S Securities Risk - “Rule 144A” securities are privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A investments are subject to certain additional risks compared to publicly traded securities. If there are not enough qualified buyers interested in purchasing Rule 144A securities when a Fund wishes to sell such securities, the Fund may be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices. For this reason, although Rule 144A securities are generally considered to be liquid, a Fund’s holdings in Rule 144A securities may adversely affect the Fund’s overall liquidity if qualified buyers become uninterested in buying them at a particular time. Issuers of Rule 144A securities are required to furnish information to potential investors upon request. However, the required disclosure is much less extensive than that required of public companies and is not publicly available. Further, issuers of Rule 144A securities can require recipients of the information (such as the Fund) to agree contractually to keep the information confidential, which could also adversely affect a Fund’s ability to dispose of a security. Offerings of Regulation S securities may be conducted outside of the United States. Regulation S securities are generally less liquid than registered securities, as a result, a Fund may take longer to liquidate these positions than would be the case for publicly traded securities. Although Regulation S securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the price realized from these sales could be less than those originally paid by a Fund. Further, companies whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that would be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. Accordingly, Regulation S securities may involve a high degree of business and financial risk and may result in substantial losses.
REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS RISK − Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by a Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements carry the risk that the market value of the securities that a Fund is obligated to repurchase may decline below the repurchase price. A Fund could also lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of any collateral held or if assets segregated by the Fund to cover the transaction is less than the value of securities. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may increase the possibility of fluctuation in a Fund’s net asset value.
SECONDARY TRADING MARKET ISSUES − Trading in shares on a listing exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in shares on an exchange is subject to the risk of trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the specific exchange’s “circuit breaker” rules. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of the listing exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of a Fund. There also can be no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of a Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.
While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to a Fund’s NAV, market prices are not expected to correlate exactly to a Fund’s NAV due to timing reasons, supply and demand imbalances and other factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions, adverse developments impacting market makers, authorized participants or other market participants, high market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt) may result in market prices for shares of a Fund that differ significantly from its NAV or to the intra-day value of a Fund’s holdings. If an investor purchases shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the shares, then the investor may sustain losses.
Given the nature of the relevant markets for certain of the securities held by a Fund, shares may trade at a larger premium or discount to NAV than shares of other kinds of ETFs. In addition, the securities held by a Fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time from a Fund’s listing exchange. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when the listing exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid/ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV may widen.
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When you buy or sell shares of a Fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges imposed by that broker. In addition, the market price of Fund shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. The spread of a Fund’s shares varies over time based on a Fund’s trading volume and market liquidity and may increase if a Fund’s trading volume, the spread of a Fund’s underlying securities, or market liquidity decrease. In times of severe market disruption, including when trading of a Fund’s holdings may be halted, the bid-ask spread on a Fund’s shares may increase significantly. This means that Fund shares may trade at a discount to a Fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest during periods of significant market volatility.
Shares of a Fund, similar to shares of other issuers listed on a stock exchange, may be sold short and are, therefore, subject to the risk of increased volatility and price decreases associated with being sold short.
SECURITIES LENDING RISK − Securities lending involves the risk that a Fund may lose money because the borrower of the securities the Fund has loaned out fails to return the securities in a timely manner or at all. A Fund could also lose money in the event of a decline in the value of the collateral provided for loaned securities or a decline in the value of any investments made with cash collateral. These events could also trigger adverse tax consequences for a Fund. Securities lending also involves exposure to certain additional risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process – especially so in certain international markets), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees a Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), risk of loss of collateral, credit, legal, counterparty and market risk. Although a Fund's securities lending agent has agreed to provide a Fund with indemnification in the event of a borrower default, a Fund is still exposed to the risk of losses in the event a borrower does not return a Fund’s securities as agreed and the agent fails to indemnify a Fund.
STATE-SPECIFIC RISK − A Fund may from time to time invest more than 25% of its total assets in municipal securities of issuers in one or more states. A Fund is subject to the risk that the economies of the states in which it invests, and the revenues supporting the municipal securities, may decline. Investing significantly in one or more states means that a Fund is more susceptible to any single economic, market, political, regulatory or other occurrence that affects issuers in those states. This is because, for example, issuers in a particular state may react similarly to specific economic, market, regulatory, political or other developments. The particular states in which a Fund may focus its investments may change over time and the Fund may alter its focus at inopportune times. Tax-Aware Bond ETF currently may invest more than 25% of its total assets in municipal securities of issuers in each of California, New York and Texas. The possibility exists that natural and man-made disasters, including hurricanes, earthquakes, and major terrorist events, could cause a major dislocation of the California, New York or Texas economies and significantly affect the ability of state or local governments to raise money to pay principal and interest on their municipal securities. Additional risks applicable to issuers in these states include the following:
California Risk - While California’s economy is large, it is relatively concentrated in certain industries, including technology, aerospace and defense-related manufacturing, trade, entertainment, real estate and financial services, and thus may be sensitive to economic, business, political, environmental, regulatory or other developments affecting those industries.
New York Risk - New York’s economy and finances may be especially vulnerable to changes in the performance of the financial services industry, which has historically experienced significant volatility. Future economic, regulatory, political or behavioral changes concerning the financial services industry could have a significant impact on its profitability.  A decline in the value of New York’s real estate market could also have a significant negative impact on state and local economies.
Texas Risk - Texas’ economy relies to a significant extent on certain key industries, such as the oil and gas industry (including drilling, production and refining), chemicals production, technology and telecommunications equipment manufacturing and international trade. Each of these industries has from time to time suffered from economic downturns, and adverse conditions in one or more of these industries could impair the ability of issuers of Texas municipal securities to pay principal or interest on their obligations.
TAXABLE INCOME RISK − The risk that a Fund may invest in securities or other instruments that produce income subject to income tax, including the Alternative Minimum Tax. A Fund's investments in municipal securities rely on the opinion of the issuer's bond counsel that the interest paid on those securities will not be subject to federal income tax. Tax opinions are generally provided at the time the municipal security is initially issued. However, after a Fund buys a security, the Internal Revenue Service may determine that a bond issued as tax-exempt should in fact be taxable and
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the Fund's dividends with respect to that bond might be subject to federal income tax. In addition, income from tax-exempt municipal securities could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the Internal Revenue Service, state tax authorities, or a court, or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer.
TO BE ANNOUNCED (TBA) TRANSACTIONS RISK − TBA investments include when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments. TBA transactions involve the risk that the security a Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. A Fund is subject to this risk whether or not the Fund takes delivery of the securities on the settlement date for a transaction. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, a Fund would lose both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price. A Fund may also take a short position in a TBA investment when it owns or has the right to obtain, at no added cost, identical securities. If a Fund takes such a short position, it may reduce the risk of a loss if the price of the securities declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit if the price rises.
Short sales of to be announced (TBA) securities risk  − When a Fund enters into a short sale of a TBA security it effectively agrees to sell at a future date and price a security it does not own. Although most TBA short sale transactions are closed before a Fund would be required to deliver the security, if the Fund does not close the position, the Fund may have to purchase the securities needed to settle the short sale at a higher price than anticipated. This would cause a Fund to lose money. A Fund may not always be able to purchase the securities required to settle a short at a particular time or at an attractive price. A Fund may incur increased transaction costs associated with selling TBA securities short. In addition, taking short positions in TBA securities results in a form of leverage, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s returns.
UNSECURED LOANS RISK − The claims of holders of unsecured loans are subordinated to, and thus lower in priority of payment to, claims of creditors holding secured indebtedness and possibly other classes of creditors holding unsecured debt. Unsecured loans have a greater risk of default than secured loans, particularly during periods of deteriorating economic conditions. Since they do not afford the lender recourse to collateral, unsecured loans are also subject to greater risk of nonpayment in the event of default than secured loans. Such loans generally have greater price volatility than more senior loans and may be less liquid.
USE AS AN UNDERLYING FUND RISK − A Fund may be an investment (an “Underlying Fund”) of one or more fund of funds. The term “fund of funds” refers to a fund that pursues its investment objective by investing primarily in other funds. As a result, a Fund may be subject to the following risks:
A Fund, as an Underlying Fund, may experience relatively large redemptions or investments as a fund of funds periodically reallocates or rebalances its assets. These transactions, to the extent they are effected on a cash basis, may cause a Fund to sell securities to meet such redemptions, or to invest in cash, at times it would not otherwise do so, and may as a result increase transaction costs and adversely affect Fund performance.
Such transactions could increase or decrease the frequency of capital gain recognition by a Fund and could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions you receive from a Fund.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES RISK − Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to default risk, which is the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. Government securities held by a Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future.
VALUATION RISK − The risk that the sale price a Fund could receive for a security may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the security, particularly for securities that trade in low volume or volatile markets or that are valued using a fair value methodology. In addition, the value of the securities in a Fund’s portfolio may change on days when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares. In addition, a Fund may rely on various third-party sources to calculate its net asset value. As a result, a Fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on service
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providers and service providers’ data sources. In particular, errors or system failures and other technological issues may adversely impact a Fund’s calculation of its net asset value, and such net asset value calculation issues may result in inaccurately calculated net asset values, delays in net asset value calculation, and/or the inability to calculate net asset value over extended periods. A Fund may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
VOLATILITY RISK − The value of a Fund's investments may fluctuate over a relatively short period of time. These fluctuations may cause a Fund’s net asset value per share to experience significant changes over similarly short periods of time.
WARRANTS RISK − Warrants give a Fund the right to purchase equity securities (“underlying stock”) at specific prices valid for a specific period of time. If the price of the underlying stock does not rise above the exercise price before the warrant expires, the warrant generally expires without any value and a Fund loses any amount it paid for the warrant. Thus, investments in warrants may involve substantially more risk than investments in common stock. Warrants may trade in the same markets as their underlying stock; however, the price of the warrant does not necessarily move with the price of the underlying stock and can be more volatile than the prices of the underlying stocks. The market for warrants may be limited and it may be difficult for a Fund to sell a warrant promptly at an advantageous price.
ZERO COUPON SECURITIES RISK − Zero-coupon securities pay no interest prior to their maturity date or another specified date in the future but are issued and traded at a discount to their face value. The discount varies as the securities approach their maturity date (or the date on which interest payments are scheduled to begin). While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received income (“phantom income”) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. As with other fixed income securities, zero coupon bonds are subject to interest rate and credit risk. Some of these securities may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market interest rates than comparable securities that pay interest currently. Longer term zero coupon bonds have greater interest rate risk than shorter term zero coupon bonds.
TRANSACTIONS IN FUND SHARES BY THE ADVISER AND ITS AFFILIATES
HFMC and its affiliates may purchase and sell Fund shares in secondary market transactions on behalf of their own accounts or the accounts of their advisory clients. Such investments and transactions in Fund shares may be substantial in comparison to the investments and transactions in Fund shares by non-affiliated investors. In particular, HFMC is the investment manager to a group of asset allocation funds (each an “Asset Allocation Fund” and, collectively, the “Asset Allocation Funds”), each of which operates as a fund-of-funds and invests substantially all of its assets in underlying funds for which HFMC serves as the investment manager, including the Funds. The Asset Allocation Funds may currently and from time to time hold (or beneficially own) a substantial percentage of a Fund’s outstanding shares. To the extent that an Asset Allocation Fund owns more than 25% of a Fund’s shares, the Asset Allocation Fund will be deemed to hold a controlling interest in the Fund. Such controlling interest may create a conflict of interest for HFMC in managing both the Fund and the Asset Allocation Funds. To address the potential conflicts of interest that may arise from managing a Fund and other accounts, including the Asset Allocation Funds, HFMC has adopted policies and procedures that are designed to identify and mitigate the risks associated with these potential conflicts of interests. For example, HFMC or an Asset Allocation Fund generally will vote Fund shares that it beneficially owns in the same proportion as the votes of other non-affiliated beneficial owners of the same Fund. In addition, HFMC and its affiliates, including the Asset Allocation Funds, may from time to time be substantially, if not entirely, responsible for the trading activity in a Fund’s shares, which may be comprised of purchase or sale transactions initiated by HFMC and its affiliates. Such trading activity by a Fund’s affiliates may impact other investors seeking to purchase or sell Fund shares at the same time, which may diminish over time to the extent that the Fund increases in size and becomes more broadly owned.
Use of Cash or Money Market Investments
Each Fund may participate in a cash sweep program whereby a Fund's uninvested cash balance is used to purchase shares of affiliated or unaffiliated money market funds or cash management pooled investment vehicles at the end of each day. To the extent a Fund invests its uninvested cash through a sweep program, it is subject to the risks of the account or fund into which it is investing, including liquidity issues that may delay the Fund from accessing its cash.
A Fund may invest some or all of its assets in cash, high quality money market instruments (including, but not limited to U.S. government securities, bank obligations, commercial paper and repurchase agreements involving the foregoing securities) and shares of money market funds for temporary defensive purposes in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions.  In addition, a Fund may invest some of its assets in these instruments to maintain liquidity, for cash management purposes, or in response to atypical circumstances such as unusually large cash inflows
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or redemptions.  Under such conditions, a Fund may not invest in accordance with its investment objective or principal investment strategy and, as a result, there is no assurance that the Fund will achieve its investment objective, and may lose the benefit of market upswings.
Participation In Securities Lending Activities
Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain borrowers in U.S. and non-U.S. markets in an amount not to exceed one third (33 1/3%) of the value of its total assets.
Operational Risks Associated With Cybersecurity
Each Fund and its service providers use internet, technology and information systems, which may expose the Fund to potential risks linked to cybersecurity breaches of those technological or information systems.  Cybersecurity breaches, amongst other things, could allow an unauthorized party to gain access to proprietary information, customer data, or Fund assets, or cause a Fund and/or its service providers to suffer data corruption or lose operational functionality. For instance, cybersecurity breaches may interfere with the processing of shareholder transactions, impact a Fund’s ability to calculate its NAV, cause the release of private shareholder information or confidential business information, impede trading, subject the Fund to regulator fines or financial losses and/or cause reputational damage.
About Each Fund’s Investment Objective
Each Fund’s investment objective may be changed by the Funds' Board without approval of the shareholders of the Fund. A Fund’s prospectus will be updated prior to any change in the Fund's investment objective. In addition, the Trust may determine to cease operating a Fund as an “exchange-traded” fund and cause the Fund’s shares to stop trading on a securities exchange.
The Board reserves the right to convert a Fund to a master-feeder structure without shareholder approval and with advance notice to the Fund’s shareholders. Under a master-feeder structure, a Fund (i.e., feeder fund) would seek to achieve its investment objective by investing all or a portion of its investable assets in another open-end investment management company (i.e., master fund) with substantially the same investment objective, restrictions and policies, instead of investing in portfolio securities directly.
Consequences of Portfolio Trading Practices
Each Fund may have a relatively high portfolio turnover and may, at times, engage in short-term trading. To the extent that Creation Unit purchases from and redemptions by a Fund are effected in cash, frequent purchases and redemptions may increase the rate of portfolio turnover. Such activity could produce higher brokerage expenses for the Fund and higher taxable distributions to the Fund’s shareholders and therefore could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. In addition, large movements of cash into or out of a Fund may negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective or maintain a consistent level of operating expenses. Each Fund is not managed to achieve a particular tax result for shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisor for individual tax advice.
Investment Policies
Each of Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF has a name that suggests a focus on a particular type of investment. In accordance with Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act, each Fund has adopted a policy that it will, under normal circumstances, invest at least 80% of the value of its assets (net assets plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes) in investments of the type suggested by its name, as set forth in the Fund’s Principal Investment Strategy section. This requirement is applied at the time a Fund invests its assets. If, subsequent to an investment by a Fund, this requirement is no longer met, the Fund’s future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this requirement. In addition, in appropriate circumstances, synthetic investments may count toward the 80% minimum if they have economic characteristics similar to the other included investments.
Core Bond ETF’s, Tax-Aware Bond ETF’s and Total Return Bond ETF’s policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is not a “fundamental” policy, which means that it may be changed without the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding shares as defined in the 1940 Act. Shareholders will be given written notice at least 60 days prior to any change by a Fund of its 80% investment policy covered by Rule 35d-1.
Municipal Opportunities ETF’s policy to invest at least 80% of its assets in such a manner is a “fundamental” policy, which means that it may not be changed without the vote of a majority of the Fund’s outstanding shares as defined in the 1940 Act. The name of each Fund may be changed at any time by a vote of the Funds’ Board of Trustees.
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Additional Investment Strategies and Risks
Each Fund may invest in various securities and engage in various investment techniques that are not the principal focus of the Fund and, therefore, are not described in this prospectus. These securities and techniques, together with their risks, are discussed in the Funds’ SAI, which may be obtained free of charge by contacting the Funds (see back cover for address, phone number and website address).
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Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
On each business day, before commencement of trading on NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX, as applicable, each Fund will disclose on hartfordfunds.com the identities and quantities of the Fund’s portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Fund’s calculation of NAV at the end of the business day.
A description of each Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the SAI.
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The Investment Manager and Sub-Advisers
THE INVESTMENT MANAGER
Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC” or the “Investment Manager”) is the investment manager to each Fund. The Investment Manager is an indirect subsidiary of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (“The Hartford”), a Connecticut-based financial services company. As of September 30, 2020, the Investment Manager and its wholly owned subsidiary, Lattice Strategies LLC, had approximately $122.3 billion in assets under management. The Investment Manager is responsible for the management of the Funds and supervises the activities of the investment sub-advisers described below. The Investment Manager is principally located at 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087.
“MANAGERS OF MANAGERS” STRUCTURE
The Investment Manager relies on an exemptive order from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for the Funds under which it uses a “Manager of Managers” structure (the “Order”). The Investment Manager has responsibility, subject to oversight by the Board of Trustees, to oversee each sub-adviser and recommend its hiring, termination and replacement. The Order permits the Investment Manager, on behalf of the Funds and subject to the approval of the Board of Trustees, to hire, and to materially amend any existing or future sub-advisory agreements with sub-advisers that are not affiliated with the Investment Manager as well as sub-advisers that are indirect or direct, wholly owned subsidiaries of the Investment Manager or of another company that, indirectly or directly wholly owns the Investment Manager. The Order requires that, within 90 days after hiring any new sub-adviser, a Fund’s shareholders receive information about any new sub-advisory relationship.
Each Fund’s sole initial shareholder approved the operation of the Fund under any “Manager of Managers” structure, including under (i) the Order, and/or (ii) any future law, regulation, guidance or exemptive relief provided by the SEC.
THE INVESTMENT SUB-ADVISERS
Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) serves as the sub-adviser to Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Short Duration ETF, and Total Return Bond ETF. Wellington Management performs the daily investment of the assets for the applicable Funds. Wellington Management is a Delaware limited liability partnership with principal offices at 280 Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02210. Wellington Management is a professional investment counseling firm which provides investment services to investment companies, employee benefit plans, endowments, foundations, and other institutions. Wellington Management and its predecessor organizations have provided investment advisory services for over 80 years. Wellington Management is owned by the partners of Wellington Management Group LLP, a Massachusetts limited liability partnership. As of September 30, 2020, Wellington Management and its investment advisory affiliates had investment management authority with respect to approximately $1.18 trillion in assets.
SIMNA serves as the sub-adviser and SIMNA Ltd. serves as sub-sub-adviser to Tax-Aware Bond ETF. SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. perform the daily investment of the assets for the Fund. SIMNA (itself and its predecessors) has been an investment manager since 1962, and also serves as investment adviser to other mutual funds and a broad range of institutional investors. SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. are both indirect, wholly owned subsidiaries of Schroders plc. Schroders plc is a global asset management company with approximately $693.3 billion under management as of September 30, 2020. Schroders plc and its affiliates (“Schroders”) have clients that are major financial institutions including banks and insurance companies, public and private pension funds, endowments and foundations, high net worth individuals, financial intermediaries and retail investors. Schroders has one of the largest networks of offices of any dedicated asset management company with numerous portfolio managers and analysts covering the world’s investment markets. SIMNA’s principal address is 7 Bryant Park, New York, New York 10018. SIMNA Ltd.’s address is 1 London Wall Place, London EC2Y 5AU.
Portfolio Managers
The Funds’ SAI provides additional information about the portfolio managers’ compensation, other accounts managed by the portfolio managers and the portfolio managers’ ownership of securities in each applicable Fund. In order to implement the investment strategy for Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Short Duration ETF, and Total Return Bond ETF, the portfolio managers may allocate a portion of its Fund’s assets to another portfolio management team within Wellington Management. The persons with the most significant responsibility for the daily investment of each Fund’s assets are listed below.
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Core Bond ETF
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2020. Mr. Marvan joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2003.
Campe Goodman, CFA , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has been involved in portfolio management for the Fund since 2020. Mr. Goodman joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2000.
Robert D. Burn, CFA , Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has been involved in portfolio management for the Fund since 2020. Mr. Burn joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2007.
Municipal Opportunities ETF
Timothy D. Haney, CFA , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. Mr. Haney joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2005.
Brad W. Libby , Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager/Credit Analyst of Wellington Management, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. Mr. Libby joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2010. Prior to joining Wellington Management, Mr. Libby was an investment professional with Putnam Investments (1996 to 2009).
Short Duration ETF
Timothy E. Smith , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2018. Mr. Smith joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 1992.
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
Andrew B.J. Chorlton, CFA , Portfolio Manager, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. He has been associated with Schroders since 2013. Mr. Chorlton joined STW Fixed Income Management LLC (“STW”) in 2007 and has over 15 years of investment experience. Before joining STW, he spent six years as a Senior Fixed Income Manager with AXA Investment Managers. Prior to that, Mr. Chorlton was a Portfolio Manager with Citigroup Asset Management. Effective October 1, 2020, Mr. Chorlton assumed his new responsibilities as Head of Fixed-Income for Schroders. Effective as of March 31, 2021, Mr. Chorlton will no longer serve as a portfolio manager for the Fund.
Lisa Hornby, CFA , Portfolio Manager and Head of the US Multi-Sector Fixed Income team at Schroders, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2019 and has been involved with research and portfolio construction on the Fund since 2018. She has been an employee of Schroders since 2010. Prior to joining Schroders, she was an analyst at Barclays Capital.
Neil G. Sutherland, CFA , Portfolio Manager, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. He has been associated with Schroders since 2013. Mr. Sutherland joined STW in 2008 and has over 15 years of investment experience. Previously, he spent seven years at AXA Investment Managers, where he held the position of Senior Fixed Income Manager. Before that, Mr. Sutherland was part of Newton Investment Group’s Global Fixed Income Team.
Julio C. Bonilla, CFA , Portfolio Manager, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. He has been associated with Schroders since 2013. Mr. Bonilla joined STW in 2010 and has over 15 years of investment experience. Prior to joining STW, Mr. Bonilla spent ten years with Wells Capital Management, where he held the title of Senior Portfolio Manager.
David May , Portfolio Manager and a municipal specialist on the US Multi-Sector Fixed Income team at Schroders, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2020. He has been associated with Schroders since 2019. Mr. May joined the fixed income investment team as a Portfolio Manager, specializing in municipal bonds. Prior to joining Schroders, Mr. May previously served as a portfolio manager at Wasemer Schroeder from 2018 through 2019 and Strategic Partners Investment Advisors from 2010 through 2018.
Total Return Bond ETF
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has served as portfolio manager of the Fund since 2017. Mr. Marvan joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2003.
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Campe Goodman, CFA , Senior Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has been involved in portfolio management for the Fund since 2017. Mr. Goodman joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2000.
Robert D. Burn, CFA , Managing Director and Fixed Income Portfolio Manager of Wellington Management, has been involved in portfolio management for the Fund since 2017. Mr. Burn joined Wellington Management as an investment professional in 2007.
MANAGEMENT FEE
Each Fund pays a monthly management fee to the Investment Manager in return for providing investment advisory and administrative services under an unitary fee structure. The Investment Manager, not the Fund, pays the sub-advisory fees to Wellington Management and SIMNA, as applicable, out of its management fee. Pursuant to a sub-sub-advisory agreement between SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd., on behalf of Tax-Aware Bond ETF, SIMNA pays a fee to SIMNA Ltd. out of the sub-advisory fees received from the Investment Manager. The management fee rate set forth in each Fund’s investment management agreement, which is based on the annual rate set forth below calculated on the average daily net assets of each Fund, is shown below.
Fund
Annual Rate
Core Bond ETF
0.29%
Municipal Opportunities ETF
0.29%
Short Duration ETF
0.29%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
0.39%
Total Return Bond ETF
0.29%
In addition to providing investment management services, the Investment Manager provides or procures administrative services for shareholders and also bears the costs of various third-party services required by a Fund, including audit, custodial, portfolio accounting, legal, transfer agency and printing costs. Each Fund bears other expenses that are not covered under the management fee. These expenses, which may vary and may affect the total level of expenses paid by shareholders, include, but are not limited to, interest and taxes; brokerage commissions and other expenses connected with the execution of portfolio transactions; extraordinary non-recurring expenses, such as arbitration, litigation and indemnification expenses; and acquired fund fees and expenses. The Investment Manager generally earns or is expected to earn in the future a profit on the management fee paid by each Fund. Also, under the terms of the investment management agreement, the Investment Manager, and not Fund shareholders, would benefit from any price decreases in third-party services, including decreases resulting from an increase in net assets.
A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ August 2019 approval of the investment management agreement for each Fund, except for Core Bond ETF, is available in the Funds’ semi-annual report for the period ended January 31, 2020. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ August 2020 approval of the investment management agreement for each Fund, except for Core Bond ETF, with the Investment Manager, as well as the investment sub-advisory and, where applicable, sub-sub-advisory agreements for such Funds, will be available in the Funds’ semi-annual report to shareholders for the fiscal period ended January 31, 2021. A discussion regarding the basis for the Board of Trustees’ approval of the investment management agreement for Core Bond ETF with the Investment Manager, as well as the investment sub-advisory agreement between the Investment Manager and the Core Bond ETF’s sub-adviser, is available in the Core Bond ETF’s annual report to shareholders for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2020.
ACQUIRED FUND FEES AND EXPENSES. A Fund will indirectly bear a pro rata share of fees and expenses incurred by any investment companies, including business development companies, in which the Fund is invested. A Fund’s pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses charged by the investment companies is calculated as a percentage of the Fund’s average net assets. The pro rata portion of the cumulative expenses may be higher or lower depending on the allocation of a Fund’s assets among the investment companies and the actual expenses of the investment companies. Business development company expenses are similar to the expenses paid by any operating company held by a Fund. They are not direct costs paid by Fund shareholders and are not used to calculate a Fund’s net asset value. They have no impact on the costs associated with Fund operations.
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How to Buy And Sell Shares
BUYING AND SELLING SHARES
Shares of a Fund may be acquired or redeemed directly with the Fund only in Creation Units or multiples thereof, as discussed in the “Creation and Redemption of Shares” section of the Statement of Additional Information. Once created, shares of a Fund generally trade in the secondary market in amounts less than a Creation Unit.
Shares of each Fund are listed for trading on a national securities exchange and can be bought and sold in the secondary market through a broker-dealer at market price throughout the trading day like shares of other publicly traded companies. The price of Fund shares is based on market price, and because ETF shares trade at market prices rather than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (a premium) or less than NAV (a discount). However, there can be no guarantee that an active trading market will develop or be maintained, or that a Fund shares listing will continue or remain unchanged. The Trust does not impose any minimum investment amount for shares of a Fund purchased on an exchange. Buying or selling a Fund’s shares involves certain costs that apply to all securities transactions. When buying or selling shares of a Fund through a financial intermediary, you may incur a brokerage commission or other charges determined by your financial intermediary. Due to these brokerage costs, if any, frequent trading may detract significantly from investment returns. In addition, you may also incur the cost of the spread - the difference between the bid price (the highest price at which buyers are willing to buy shares) and the ask price (the lowest price at which sellers are willing to sell shares) (the "bid-ask spread"). The commission is frequently a fixed amount and may be a significant cost for investors seeking to buy or sell small amounts of shares. The spread varies over time for shares of a Fund based on its trading volume and market liquidity, and is generally less if the Fund has more trading volume and market liquidity and more if the Fund has less trading volume and market liquidity.
The Trust’s Board of Trustees has not adopted a policy of monitoring for frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares (“frequent trading”) that appear to attempt to take advantage of potential arbitrage opportunities presented by a lag between a change in the value of a Fund’s portfolio securities after the close of the primary markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities and the reflection of that change in the Fund’s NAV (“market timing”). The Trust believes such a policy is not necessary or appropriate because ETFs, such as the Funds, are intended to be attractive to arbitrageurs, as trading activity is critical to ensuring that the market price of Fund shares remains at or close to NAV. Since each Fund issues and redeems Creation Units at NAV plus applicable transaction fees, and the Fund’s shares may be purchased and sold on NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX, as applicable, at prevailing market prices, the risks of frequent trading are limited.
NYSE Arca is the primary listing exchange for Municipal Opportunities ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF, and Cboe BZX is the primary listing exchange for Core Bond ETF and Short Duration ETF. Each exchange is open for trading Monday through Friday and is closed on the following holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day.
A “Business Day” with respect to the Funds is each day the New York Stock Exchange (the “Exchange”) is open. Orders from Authorized Participants to create or redeem Creation Units will only be accepted on a Business Day. On days when the Exchange closes earlier than normal, the Fund may require orders to create or redeem Creation Units to be placed earlier in the day. See the Statement of Additional Information for more information.
Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act limits investments by registered investment companies and companies relying on Sections 3(c)(1) or 3(c)(7) of the 1940 Act in the securities of other investment companies. Registered investment companies are permitted to invest in the Funds beyond the limits set forth in Section 12(d)(1), currently subject to certain terms and conditions set forth in an SEC exemptive order issued to HFMC and the Trust, including that such investment companies enter into an agreement with the Trust. Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act rather than the exemptive order will govern investments in the Funds by other registered investment companies as of the effective date of that rule.
Additional information about each Fund, including the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts and median bid-ask spreads, can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
BOOK ENTRY
Shares of each Fund are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding shares of the Funds and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all purposes. Investors owning shares of a Fund are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for shares of each Fund. DTC participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of shares, you are not entitled to receive
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physical delivery of stock certificates or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other exchange-traded securities that you hold in book-entry or “street name” form.
Share Prices
The trading price of each Fund’s shares in the secondary market will generally differ from the Fund’s daily NAV per share and is affected by market forces such as supply and demand, economic conditions and other factors. Information regarding the intra-day portfolio indicative value (“iNAV”) of each Fund is disseminated every 15 seconds throughout the trading day by the national securities exchange on which the Fund’s shares are primarily listed or by market data vendors or other information providers. The iNAV is based on the current market value of the securities and/or cash included in each Fund’s iNAV basket. The iNAV does not necessarily reflect the precise composition of the current portfolio of securities and instruments held by a Fund at a particular point in time or the best possible valuation of the current portfolio. Therefore, the iNAV should not be viewed as a “real-time” update of the NAV, which is computed only once a day. The iNAV is generally determined by using both current market quotations and/or price quotations obtained from broker-dealers that may trade in the portfolio securities and instruments and other assets held by the Fund. The quotations and/or valuations of certain Fund holdings may not be updated during U.S. trading hours if such holdings do not trade in the United States. The Funds are not involved in, or responsible for, the calculation or dissemination of the iNAV and make no representation or warranty as to the iNAV’s accuracy. An inaccuracy in the iNAV could result from various factors, including the difficulty of pricing portfolio instruments on an intra-day basis.
PREMIUMS AND DISCOUNTS
The daily market prices on secondary markets for shares of a Fund may differ from the Fund’s NAV. NAV is the price per share at which a Fund issues and redeems shares. See “Valuation of Shares” below. The price used to calculate market returns (“Market Price”) of a Fund generally is determined using the midpoint between the highest bid and the lowest offer on the national securities exchange on which shares of the Fund are primarily listed for trading, as of the time that the Fund’s NAV is calculated. A Fund’s Market Price may be at, above or below its NAV. The NAV of a Fund will fluctuate with changes in the market value of its portfolio holdings. The Market Price of each Fund will fluctuate in accordance with changes in its NAV, as well as market supply and demand. Premiums or discounts are the differences (expressed as a percentage) between the NAV and the Market Price of a Fund on a given day, generally at the time the NAV is calculated. A premium is the amount that a Fund is trading above the reported NAV, expressed as a percentage of the NAV. A discount is the amount that a Fund is trading below the reported NAV, expressed as a percentage of the NAV. A discount or premium could be significant. Information regarding the frequency of daily premiums or discounts, generally at the time the NAV is calculated, during the Fund’s most recently completed calendar year and the most recently completed calendar quarters since that year (or the life of the Fund, if shorter) can be found at hartfordfunds.com.
VALUATION OF SHARES
Each Fund’s NAV per share is determined as of the close of regular trading on the Exchange (normally 4:00 p.m. Eastern Time) (the “NYSE Close”) on each day that the Exchange is open (“Valuation Date”). If the Exchange is closed due to weather or other extraordinary circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, a Fund may treat such day as a typical business day and accept purchase and redemption orders from Authorized Participants and calculate the Fund’s NAV in accordance with applicable law. The net asset value for the shares is determined by dividing the value of a Fund’s net assets attributable to the shares by the number of shares outstanding. Information that becomes known to a Fund after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the NAV determined earlier that day.
For purposes of calculating the NAV, portfolio securities and other assets held in a Fund’s portfolio for which market prices are readily available are valued at market value. Market value is generally determined on the basis of official close price or last reported trade prices. If no trades were reported, market value is based on prices obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers (including evaluated prices), or independent pricing services. Pricing vendors may use matrix pricing or valuation models that utilize certain inputs and assumptions to derive values, including transaction data, credit quality information, general market conditions, news, and other factors and assumptions. Special valuation considerations may apply with respect to a Fund's "odd-lot" positions, as the fund may receive different prices when it sells such positions than it would receive for sales of institutional round lot positions. Pricing vendors generally value securities assuming orderly transactions of institutional round lot sizes, but a fund may hold or transact in such securities in smaller, odd lot sizes.
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If market prices are not readily available or are deemed unreliable, the Fund will use the fair value of the security or other instrument as determined in good faith under policies and procedures established by and under the supervision of the Board of Trustees of the Trust (“Valuation Procedures”). Market prices are considered not readily available where there is an absence of current or reliable market-based data (e.g., trade information or broker quotes), including where events occur after the close of the relevant market, but prior to the NYSE Close that materially affect the values of a Fund’s portfolio holdings or assets. In addition, market prices are considered not readily available when, due to extraordinary circumstances, the exchanges or markets on which the securities or other instruments trade, do not open for trading for the entire day and no other market prices are available. Securities or other instruments that are primarily traded on foreign markets may trade on days that are not business days of a Fund. Fair value pricing is subjective in nature and the use of fair value pricing by a Fund may cause the NAV of its shares to differ significantly from the NAV that would have been calculated using market prices at the close of the exchange on which a portfolio holding is primarily traded. There can be no assurance that a Fund could obtain the fair value assigned to an investment if the Fund were to sell the investment at approximately the time at which the Fund determines its NAV.
The value of the foreign securities or other instruments in which a Fund invests may change on days when a shareholder will not be able to purchase or sell shares of the Fund.
Fixed income investments (other than short-term obligations) and non-exchange traded derivatives held by a Fund are normally valued at prices supplied by independent pricing services in accordance with the Valuation Procedures. Short term investments maturing in 60 days or less are generally valued at amortized cost if their original term to maturity was 60 days or less, or by amortizing their value on the 61st day prior to maturity, if the original term exceeded 60 days.
Exchange traded derivatives, such as options, futures and options on futures are valued at the last sale price determined by the exchange where such instruments principally trade as of the close of such exchange. If a last sale price is not available, the value will be the mean of the most recently quoted bid and ask prices as of the close of the relevant exchange. If a mean of the bid and ask prices cannot be calculated for the day, the value will be the most recently quoted bid price as of the close of the relevant exchange. OTC derivatives and other instruments that do not trade on an exchange are normally valued based on prices supplied by independent pricing services in accordance with the Valuation Procedures.
Investments valued in currencies other than U.S. dollars are converted to U.S. dollars using the prevailing spot currency exchange rates obtained from independent pricing services for calculation of the NAV. As a result, the NAV of a Fund’s shares may be affected by changes in the value of currencies in relation to the U.S. dollar. The value of securities or other instruments traded in markets outside the United States or denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar may be affected significantly on a day that the Exchange is closed and the market value may change on days when an investor is not able to purchase or sell shares of a Fund.
Foreign currency contracts represent agreements to exchange currencies on specific future dates at predetermined rates. Foreign currency contracts are valued using foreign currency exchange rates and forward rates as provided by an independent pricing service on the Valuation Date.
Investments in open-end mutual funds, if any, are valued at the respective NAV of each open-end mutual fund on the Valuation Date. Shares of investment companies listed and traded on an exchange are valued in the same manner as any exchange-listed equity security. Such open-end mutual funds and listed investment companies may use fair value pricing as disclosed in their prospectuses.
Financial instruments for which prices are not available from an independent pricing service may be valued using market quotations obtained from one or more dealers that make markets in the respective financial instrument in accordance with the Valuation Procedures established by the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
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Distribution Arrangements
ALPS Distributors, Inc., a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc. (“FINRA”), serves as the principal underwriter and distributor for the Funds pursuant to a Distribution Agreement approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. The Distributor will not distribute shares in an amount that is less than a Creation Unit, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the shares. The Distributor may enter into participant agreements with other qualified financial institutions (i.e., Authorized Participants) with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
The Trust has adopted a Distribution and Servicing Plan for shares of each Fund pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act (the “12b-1 Plan”). The 12b-1 Plan permits compensation in connection with the distribution and marketing of Fund shares and/or the provision of certain shareholder services. The 12b-1 Plan permits each Fund to pay compensation at an annual rate of up to 0.25% of the Fund’s average daily net assets. However, the Board of Trustees has determined not to authorize payment of a 12b-1 Plan fee with respect to any Fund at this time.
The 12b-1 Plan fee may only be imposed or increased when the Board of Trustees determines that it is in the best interests of shareholders to do so. Because these fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, to the extent that a fee is authorized, over time it will increase the cost of an investment in the Fund. The 12b-1 Plan fee may cost an investor more than other types of sales charges.
PAYMENTS TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES AND OTHER ENTITIES
The Investment Manager and/or its affiliates may make a variety of payments to broker-dealers and financial institutions (“Financial Intermediaries”) for support and/or services related to activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors more knowledgeable about the Funds or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems. The Investment Manager and/or its affiliates may also make payments to Financial Intermediaries for the provision of analytical or other data to the Investment Manager or its affiliates relating to sales of Fund shares. For these reasons, (1) if your Financial Intermediary receives greater payments with respect to a Fund than it receives with respect to other products, it may be more inclined to sell you shares of the Fund rather than another product and/or (2) if your Financial Intermediary receives greater payments with respect to a Fund, such payments may create an incentive for the Financial Intermediary to favor the Fund rather than other fund companies or investment products for which it may receive a lower payment. You may contact your Financial Intermediary if you want additional information regarding any additional payments it receives.
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Fund Distributions and Tax Matters
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund intends to distribute substantially all of its net investment income and capital gains to shareholders at least once a year. Capital gains of each Fund are normally declared and paid annually. Dividends from net investment income of each Fund are normally declared and paid monthly.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust’s Board of Trustees has delegated authority to the Funds’ Treasurer to reduce the frequency with which dividends are declared and paid and to declare and make payments of long-term capital gains as permitted or required by law or in order to avoid tax penalties.  Further, each Fund reserves the right to change its dividend distribution policy at the discretion of the Board of Trustees. Dividend payments are made through DTC participants and indirect participants to beneficial owners then of record with proceeds received from a Fund.
Unless your investment is in a tax-deferred account, you may want to avoid buying shares shortly before a Fund pays a dividend. The reason? If you buy shares when a Fund has realized but not yet distributed taxable income or capital gains, you will pay the full price for the shares and then receive a portion of the price back in the form of a taxable dividend. Before investing you may want to consult your tax advisor.
No dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Trust. Financial intermediaries may make the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service available for use by beneficial owners of Fund shares for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial owners should contact their financial intermediary to determine the availability and costs of the service and the details of participation therein. Financial intermediaries may require beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and net capital gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of a Fund purchased in the secondary market.
TAXABILITY OF DIVIDENDS
Municipal Opportunities ETF
Municipal Opportunities ETF intends to meet certain federal tax requirements so that distributions of tax-exempt income may be treated as exempt-interest dividends. These dividends are not subject to regular federal income tax. However, the Fund may invest a portion of its assets in tax-exempt obligations subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax. Any portion of exempt-interest dividends attributable to interest on these obligations may increase some shareholders’ Alternative Minimum Tax. The Fund expects that its distributions will consist primarily of exempt-interest dividends. The Fund’s exempt-interest dividends may be subject to state or local taxes. Distributions paid from any interest income that is not tax-exempt and from any short-term or long-term capital gains will be taxable whether you reinvest those distributions or receive them in cash. Distributions from the Fund’s long-term capital gains (if any) are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you held your shares. Distributions from short-term capital gains and from ordinary income (other than certain qualified dividend income) are generally taxable as ordinary income.
Tax exempt income received by a tax-deferred retirement account will generally be taxable when distributed from the tax-deferred retirement account. As a result, any retirement plan investor should consider whether a Fund is an appropriate investment. Tax-exempt income is included when determining whether Social Security and railroad retirement benefits are taxable.
Core Bond ETF, Short Duration ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF
Unless your shares are held in a tax-advantaged account, dividends and distributions you receive from a Fund, whether reinvested or taken as cash, are generally considered taxable. Distributions from a Fund’s long-term capital gains are taxable as long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you held your shares. Distributions from short-term capital gains and from ordinary income (other than certain qualified dividend income) are generally taxable as ordinary income. A portion of dividends from ordinary income may qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporations. Distributions from certain qualified dividend income generally are taxable to individuals at the same rates that apply to long-term capital gains, if certain holding period and other requirements are met. The maximum individual rate applicable to “qualified dividend income” and long-term capital gains is currently generally either 15% or 20%, depending on whether the individual’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts. Given the investment strategies of each Fund, it is not expected that a significant portion of a Fund’s dividends would be eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income or for the dividends-received deduction for corporations.
For the Tax-Aware Bond ETF, if at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested in tax-exempt securities at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, distributions of tax-exempt income may be treated as exempt-interest dividends. These dividends are not subject to regular federal income tax. However, the Fund may invest a portion of its
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assets in tax-exempt obligations subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax. Any portion of exempt-interest dividends attributable to interest on these obligations may increase some shareholders’ Alternative Minimum Tax. The Fund’s exempt-interest dividends may be subject to state or local taxes.
Tax exempt income received by a tax-deferred retirement account will generally be taxable when distributed from the tax-deferred retirement account. As a result, any retirement plan investor should consider whether a Fund is an appropriate investment. Tax-exempt income is included when determining whether Social Security and railroad retirement benefits are taxable.
All Funds
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including taxable distributions received from a Fund and net gains from redemptions of Fund shares) of individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s gross income, with certain adjustments, exceeds certain threshold amounts.
Some dividends paid in January may be taxable as if they had been paid the previous December.
Unless your shares are held in a tax-advantaged account, dividends and distributions you receive from a Fund that are not considered exempt-interest dividends, whether reinvested or taken as cash, are generally considered taxable.
Dividends and capital gains distributed by the Fund to tax-deferred retirement plan accounts are not taxable currently.
TAXES ON EXCHANGE-LISTED SHARES SALES
Currently, any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less.  The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited. Any loss realized upon the sale or exchange of Fund shares that you held for less than six months may be disallowed to the extent of any distributions treated as exempt-interest dividends with respect to such shares. Consult your tax advisor if you sell shares held for less than six months at a loss after receiving a long-term capital gain distribution from a Fund. 
TAXES ON PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
An Authorized Participant who exchanges equity securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or a loss.  The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and the cash component paid.  A person who exchanges Creation Units for equity securities will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the aggregate market value of the securities received and the cash redemption amount.  The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”), however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules governing “wash sales,” or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position.  Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Under current federal tax laws, any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one year or less.
If you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement showing how many and at what price you purchased or sold shares.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Shareholders may be subject to U.S. federal income tax withholding (currently, at the rate of 24%) of all taxable distributions if they fail to provide their correct taxpayer identification number or to make required certifications, or if they have been notified by the IRS that they are subject to backup withholding. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against U.S. federal income tax liability.
IRS Regulations require reporting to the IRS and furnishing to shareholders the cost basis information and holding period for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and sold on or after that date. Shareholders may elect from among several cost basis methods accepted by the IRS, including average cost. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the cost basis reporting rules apply to them. Shareholders should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for their accounts.
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Shareholders that are non-resident aliens or foreign entities will generally be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at the rate of 30% of all ordinary dividends if there is no applicable tax treaty or if they are claiming reduced withholding under a tax treaty and have not properly completed and signed the appropriate IRS Form W-8. Provided that the appropriate IRS Form W-8 is properly completed and provided to the applicable withholding agent, long-term capital gains distributions and proceeds of sales are not subject to withholding for foreign shareholders.
Withholding of U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) is required on payments of taxable dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to enable the applicable withholding agent to determine whether withholding is required.
Distributions from a Fund may also be subject to state, local and foreign taxes. You should consult your own tax advisor regarding the particular tax consequences of an investment in a Fund.
This section summarizes some of the consequences under current Federal tax law of an investment in a Fund. It is not a substitute for personal tax advice. Consult your personal tax advisor about the potential tax consequences of an investment in a Fund under all applicable tax laws.
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Performance Notes
The following notes provide additional information for understanding how each Fund measures its performance.
Core Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF will measure their performance against the Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index. The Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index is an unmanaged index and is composed of securities that are SEC-registered, taxable, and dollar denominated. The index covers the U.S. investment grade fixed rate bond market, with index components for government and corporate securities, mortgage pass-through securities, and asset-backed securities. These major sectors are subdivided into more specific indices that are calculated and reported on a regular basis.
Municipal Opportunities ETF will measure its performance against the Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) Index. The Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) Index is a sub-index of the Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index. It is a rules-based market value-weighted index of bonds with maturities of one year to 17 years engineered for the tax-exempt bond market.
Short Duration ETF will measure its performance against the Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year U.S. Government/Credit Index. The Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year U.S. Government/Credit Index is an unmanaged index comprised of the U.S. Government/Credit component of the U.S. Aggregate Index. The 1-3 Year Government/Credit Index includes securities in the 1-3 year maturity range in the Government/Credit Index.
Tax-Aware Bond ETF will measure its performance against the Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index. The Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index is an unmanaged index of municipal bonds with maturities greater than two years.
Additional Information Regarding Bloomberg Barclays Indices Source:   Bloomberg Index Services Limited. BLOOMBERG ® is a trademark and service mark of Bloomberg Finance L.P. and its affiliates (collectively “Bloomberg”). BARCLAYS ® is a trademark and service mark of Barclays Bank Plc (collectively with its affiliates, “Barclays”), used under license. Bloomberg or Bloomberg’s licensors, including Barclays, own all proprietary rights in the Bloomberg Barclays Indices. Neither Bloomberg nor Barclays approves or endorses this material, or guarantees the accuracy or completeness of any information herein, or makes any warranty, express or implied, as to the results to be obtained therefrom and, to the maximum extent allowed by law, neither shall have any liability or responsibility for injury or damages arising in connection therewith.
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Prior Performance of Related Accounts
CORE BOND ETF
The following tables present the past performance of a composite of certain accounts managed by Wellington Management (the “Core Bond Broad Composite”), which serves as sub-adviser to the Core Bond ETF. The Core Bond Broad Composite consists of all accounts under discretionary management by Wellington Management in Wellington Management’s core bond investment strategy that have investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Core Bond ETF. The performance of the Core Bond Broad Composite reflects the performance of Wellington Management. The performance of the Core Bond Broad Composite has been adjusted to reflect the operating costs of the account with the highest operating expenses in the Core Bond Broad Composite. Historical performance has been prepared in compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ). The GIPS method for computing historical performance differs from the SEC’s method. Returns reflect all income, gains and losses and reinvestment of any dividends or capital gains without provision for federal or state income tax. Because the gross performance data of the Core Bond Broad Composite shown in the tables does not reflect the deduction of investment advisory fees paid by certain accounts that make up the composite and certain other expenses that would be applicable to exchange-traded funds, the net performance data may be more relevant to potential investors in Core Bond ETF in their analysis of the historical experience of Wellington Management in managing all core bond portfolios, with investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Core Bond ETF. To calculate the net performance of the composite, the total annual fund operating expenses of Core Bond ETF, as set forth in Core Bond ETF's fee table in the Summary Section of the Prospectus dated November 25, 2020, were used.
Certain accounts that are included in the Core Bond Broad Composite are not subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Core Bond ETF by the 1940 Act or Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. Consequently, the performance results for the composite may have been less favorable had it been regulated as an investment company under the federal securities laws.
THE HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE CORE BOND BROAD COMPOSITE IS NOT THAT OF CORE BOND ETF, IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR CORE BOND ETF’S PERFORMANCE AND IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF ANY FUND’S FUTURE RESULTS.  Core Bond ETF’s actual performance may differ significantly from the past performance of the Core Bond Broad Composite. The personnel who managed the accounts that make up the Core Bond Broad Composite, and who, therefore, generated, or contributed to, the historical performance shown may differ from the personnel managing the Core Bond ETF.
While the accounts in the composite experience inflows and outflows of cash from clients, there can be no assurance that the continuous offering of Core Bond ETF’s shares and Core Bond ETF’s obligation to redeem its shares will not adversely affect Core Bond ETF’s performance.
CORE Bond Broad Composite performance 1
Average annual total returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
 
1 Year
5 Years
10 Years
Core Bond Broad Composite (Net)
9.40%
3.36%
4.15%
Core Bond Broad Composite (Gross)
9.72%
3.66%
4.45%
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or
taxes)
8.72%
3.05%
3.75%
Total returns for the periods ended December 31
 
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Core Bond Broad Composite
(Net)
7.36%
7.41%
5.88%
-1.71%
6.04%
0.29%
3.91%
4.05%
-0.56%
9.40%
Core Bond Broad Composite
(Gross)
7.67%
7.72%
6.19%
-1.42%
6.35%
0.58%
4.21%
4.35%
-0.27%
9.72%
Bloomberg Barclays U.S.
Aggregate Bond Index
(reflects no deduction for
fees, expenses or taxes)
6.54%
7.84%
4.22%
-2.02%
5.97%
0.55%
2.65%
3.54%
0.01%
8.72%
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1
This is not the performance of the Core Bond ETF.  As of September 30, 2020, the Core Bond Broad Composite consisted of 16 accounts with aggregate assets of $8.40 billion.
Please see "Performance Notes" for a description of the index.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Performance for the periods subsequent to those periods reflected herein may be lower.
MUNICIPAL OPPORTUNITIES ETF
The following tables present the past performance of a composite of certain accounts managed by Wellington Management (the “Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite”), which serves as sub-adviser to the Municipal Opportunities ETF, and of The Hartford Municipal Opportunities Fund (“Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund”), a series of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., sub-advised by Wellington Management. The Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite consists of all fee paying accounts under discretionary management by Wellington Management in Wellington Management’s intermediate municipal bond investment strategy that have investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Municipal Opportunities ETF, including Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund. The performance of the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite has been adjusted to reflect the current operating costs of the account with the highest operating expenses in the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite. The net performance of Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund reflects the current operating costs of Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund. Historical gross composite performance has been prepared in compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ). The GIPS method for computing historical performance differs from the SEC’s method. Returns reflect all income, gains and losses and reinvestment of any dividends or capital gains without provision for federal or state income tax. Because the gross performance data of the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite shown in the tables does not reflect the deduction of investment advisory fees paid by certain accounts that make up the composite and certain other expenses that would be applicable to exchange-traded funds, the net performance data may be more relevant to potential investors in Municipal Opportunities ETF in their analysis of the historical experience of Wellington Management in managing all intermediate municipal bond portfolios, with investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Municipal Opportunities ETF. To calculate the performance of the composite net of Class F expenses, the total annual fund operating expenses (before and after fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) of Class F shares of Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund, as set forth in Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund’s fee table in the Summary Section of the Prospectus dated February 28, 2020, were used.
Certain accounts that are included in the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite are not subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Municipal Opportunities ETF by the 1940 Act or Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. Consequently, the performance results for the composite may have been less favorable had it been regulated as an investment company under the federal securities laws.
Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund is subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Municipal Opportunities ETF by the 1940 Act and Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
THE HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE OF EACH OF THE INTERMEDIATE MUNICIPAL BOND COMPOSITE AND MUNICIPAL OPPORTUNITIES MUTUAL FUND IS NOT THAT OF MUNICIPAL OPPORTUNITIES ETF, IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR MUNICIPAL OPPORTUNITIES ETF’S PERFORMANCE AND IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF ANY FUND’S FUTURE RESULTS.   Municipal Opportunities ETF’s actual performance may differ significantly from the past performance of the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite and Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund. The personnel who managed the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund and the other accounts that make up the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite, and who therefore generated, or contributed to, the historical performance shown may differ from the personnel managing the Municipal Opportunities ETF. Prior to March 5, 2012, the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund was sub-advised by an affiliate of the Investment Manager, and therefore, the personnel managing the Municipal Opportunities ETF differ from the personnel who managed the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund prior to that date.
While the accounts in the composite experience inflows and outflows of cash from clients, there can be no assurance that the continuous offering of Municipal Opportunities ETF’s shares and Municipal Opportunities ETF’s obligation to redeem its shares will not adversely affect Municipal Opportunities ETF’s performance.
68

INTERMEDIATE MUNICIPAL BOND COMPOSITE AND MUNICIPAL OPPORTUNITIES MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE 1
Average annual total returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
 
1 Year
5 Years
Since
Inception 2,5
Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers
and/or expense reimbursements) 3
7.66%
3.61%
3.76%
Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite (Gross)
8.08%
4.01%
4.16%
Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or
expense reimbursements) 4
7.61%
3.67%
3.23%
Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund (Gross) 4
8.01%
4.10%
3.74%
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) Index (reflects no deduction
for fees, expenses or taxes)
6.44%
3.01%
4.10%
Total returns for the periods ended December 31
 
2010
2011
2012 2
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Intermediate Municipal
Bond Composite (Net of
Class F expenses, after fee
waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 3
N/A
N/A
2.65%
-0.69%
8.33%
3.45%
0.04%
5.46%
1.60%
7.66%
Intermediate Municipal
Bond Composite (Gross)
N/A
N/A
2.85%
-0.30%
8.75%
3.85%
0.43%
5.87%
2.00%
8.08%
Municipal Opportunities
Mutual Fund (Net of Class
F expenses, after fee
waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 4
4.46%
9.33%
10.69%
-2.44%
8.14%
3.60%
0.08%
5.54%
1.69%
7.61%
Municipal Opportunities
Mutual Fund (Gross) 4
5.17%
10.07%
11.42%
-1.81%
8.80%
4.09%
0.53%
5.96%
2.08%
8.01%
Bloomberg Barclays
Municipal Bond 1-15 Year
Blend (1-17) Index (reflects
no deduction for fees,
expenses or taxes)
2.97%
8.80%
4.74%
-1.05%
6.36%
2.83%
0.01%
4.33%
1.58%
6.44%
1
This is not the performance of the Municipal Opportunities ETF.  As of September 30, 2020, the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite consisted of 3 fee-paying accounts with aggregate assets of $1.69 billion. As of the same date, Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund’s net assets totaled approximately $1.4 billion.
2
Returns for the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite reflect performance beginning June 30, 2012. Prior to June 30, 2012, Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund had an investment strategy and sub-adviser that were different from those of Municipal Opportunities ETF, and thus, was not part of the Intermediate Municipal Bond Composite.
3
Performance by year has been restated to reflect current fund expenses as set forth in the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund’s current prospectus dated February 28, 2020.
4
Class F shares commenced operations February 28, 2017. Performance prior to that date is that of Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund’s Class I shares. Performance for the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund prior to June 30, 2012 reflect the performance of a different sub-adviser.
5
The Since Inception returns for the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund and the Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) Index reflect performance beginning May 31, 2007, the inception date of the Municipal Opportunities Mutual Fund.
Please see "Performance Notes" for a description of the index.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Performance for the periods subsequent to those periods reflected herein may be lower.
SHORT DURATION ETF
The following tables present the past performance of a composite of certain accounts managed by Wellington Management (the “Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite”), which serves as sub-adviser to the Short Duration ETF, and of The Hartford Short Duration Fund (“Short Duration Mutual Fund”), a series of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., sub-advised by Wellington Management. The Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite consists of all fee paying accounts under discretionary management by Wellington Management in Wellington Management’s short duration bond investment strategy that
69

have investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Short Duration ETF, including Short Duration Mutual Fund. The performance of the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite has been adjusted to reflect the current operating costs of the account with the highest operating expenses in the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite. The net performance of Short Duration Mutual Fund reflects the current operating costs of Short Duration Mutual Fund. Historical gross composite performance has been prepared in compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ). The GIPS method for computing historical performance differs from the SEC’s method. Returns reflect all income, gains and losses and reinvestment of any dividends or capital gains without provision for federal or state income tax. Because the gross performance data of the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite shown in the tables does not reflect the deduction of investment advisory fees paid by certain accounts that make up the composite and certain other expenses that would be applicable to exchange-traded funds, the net performance data may be more relevant to potential investors in Short Duration ETF in their analysis of the historical experience of Wellington Management in managing all short duration bond portfolios, with investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Short Duration ETF. To calculate the performance of the composite net of Class F expenses, the total annual fund operating expenses (before and after fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) of Class F shares of Short Duration Mutual Fund, as set forth in Short Duration Mutual Fund’s fee table in the Summary Section of the Prospectus dated February 28, 2020, were used.
Short Duration Mutual Fund is subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Short Duration ETF by the 1940 Act and Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
THE HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE OF EACH OF THE SHORT BOND 1-3 PLUS COMPOSITE AND SHORT DURATION MUTUAL FUND IS NOT THAT OF SHORT DURATION ETF, IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR SHORT DURATION ETF’S PERFORMANCE AND IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF ANY FUND’S FUTURE RESULTS.   Short Duration ETF’s actual performance may differ significantly from the past performance of the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite and Short Duration Mutual Fund. The personnel who managed the Short Duration Mutual Fund and the other accounts that make up the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite, and who, therefore, generated, or contributed to, the historical performance shown may differ from the personnel managing the Short Duration ETF. Prior to March 5, 2012, the Short Duration Mutual Fund was sub-advised by an affiliate of the Investment Manager, and therefore, the personnel managing the Short Duration ETF differ from the personnel who managed the Short Duration Mutual Fund prior to that date.
While the accounts in the composite experience inflows and outflows of cash from clients, there can be no assurance that the continuous offering of Short Duration ETF’s shares and Short Duration ETF’s obligation to redeem its shares will not adversely affect Short Duration ETF’s performance.
SHORT BOND 1-3 PLUS COMPOSITE AND SHORT DURATION MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE 1
Average annual total returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
 
1 Year
5 Years
Since
Inception 2
Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 3
6.49%
2.78%
2.57%
Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite (Gross)
6.97%
3.24%
3.03%
Short Duration Mutual Fund (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 4, 5
6.44%
2.70%
2.89%
Short Duration Mutual Fund (Gross) 4
6.93%
3.23%
3.60%
Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year U.S. Government/Credit Index (reflects no deduction for fees,
expenses or taxes)
4.03%
1.67%
2.45%
70

Total returns for the periods ended December 31 2
 
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Short Bond 1-3 Plus
Composite (Net of Class F
expenses, after fee waivers
and/or expense
reimbursements) 3
N/A
N/A
2.98%
1.44%
1.18%
0.92%
3.38%
2.45%
0.76%
6.49%
Short Bond 1-3 Plus
Composite (Gross)
N/A
N/A
3.25%
1.90%
1.64%
1.37%
3.85%
2.91%
1.21%
6.97%
Short Duration Mutual Fund
(Net of Class F expenses, after
fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 4, 5
4.73%
2.26%
5.00%
1.36%
1.11%
0.83%
3.31%
2.33%
0.72%
6.44%
Short Duration Mutual Fund
(Gross) 4
5.19%
2.93%
5.51%
1.94%
1.67%
1.38%
3.90%
2.84%
1.20%
6.93%
Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year
U.S. Government / Credit
Index (reflects no deduction
for fees, expenses or taxes)
2.80%
1.59%
1.26%
0.64%
0.77%
0.65%
1.28%
0.84%
1.60%
4.03%
1
This is not the performance of the Short Duration ETF.  As of September 30, 2020, the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite consisted of 2 accounts (Short Duration Mutual Fund and Short Duration ETF) with aggregate assets of $1.67 billion. As of the same date, Short Duration Mutual Fund’s net assets totaled approximately $1.6 billion.
2
Since Inception returns for the Short Bond 1-3 Plus Composite reflect performance beginning May 31, 2012, and the since inception returns for the Short Duration Mutual Fund and the Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year U.S. Government/Credit Index reflect performance beginning on October 31, 2002.
3
Performance by year has been restated to reflect current fund expenses as set forth in the Short Duration Mutual Fund’s current prospectus dated February 28, 2020.
4
The returns for the Short Duration Mutual Fund for the period prior to March 5, 2012 reflect the performance of a different sub-adviser.
5
Class F shares commenced operations February 28, 2017. Performance prior to that date reflects that of the Short Duration Mutual Fund’s Class I shares from February 26, 2010 through February 27, 2017 and Class A shares (excluding sales charges) prior to February 26, 2010.
Please see "Performance Notes" for a description of the index.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Performance for the periods subsequent to those periods reflected herein may be lower.
TAX-AWARE BOND ETF
The following tables present the past performance of a composite of certain accounts managed by SIMNA (the “Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite”), which serves as sub-adviser to the Tax-Aware Bond ETF, and of the Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond Fund (“Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund”), a series of The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., sub-advised by SIMNA. The Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite consists of all fee paying accounts under discretionary management by SIMNA in SIMNA’s value tax-aware opportunistic bond investment strategy that have investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Tax-Aware Bond ETF, including Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund. The performance of the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite has been adjusted to reflect the current operating costs of the account with the highest operating expenses in the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite. The net performance of Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund reflects the current operating costs of Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund. Historical gross composite performance has been prepared in compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ). The GIPS method for computing historical performance differs from the SEC’s method. Returns reflect all income, gains and losses and reinvestment of any dividends or capital gains without provision for federal or state income tax. Because the gross performance data of the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite shown in the tables does not reflect the deduction of investment advisory fees paid by certain accounts that make up the composite and certain other expenses that would be applicable to exchange-traded funds, the net performance data may be more relevant to potential investors in Tax-Aware Bond ETF in their analysis of the historical experience of SIMNA in managing all Tax-Aware Bond portfolios, with investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of Tax-Aware Bond ETF. To calculate the performance of the composite net of Class F expenses, the total annual fund operating expenses (before and after fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) of Class F shares of Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund, as set forth in Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund’s fee table in the Summary Section of the Prospectus dated February 28, 2020, were used.
71

Certain accounts that were included in the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite during the time periods set forth below in the performance tables were not subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Tax-Aware Bond ETF by the 1940 Act or Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. Consequently, the performance results for the composite may have been less favorable had it been regulated as an investment company under the federal securities laws.
Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund is subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on Tax-Aware Bond ETF by the 1940 Act and Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
THE HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE OF EACH OF THE SCHRODER VALUE TAX-AWARE OPPORTUNISTIC BOND COMPOSITE AND TAX-AWARE BOND MUTUAL FUND IS NOT THAT OF TAX-AWARE BOND ETF, IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR TAX-AWARE BOND ETF’S PERFORMANCE AND IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF ANY FUND’S FUTURE RESULTS.   Tax-Aware Bond ETF’s actual performance may differ significantly from the past performance of the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite and Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund. The personnel who managed the Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund and the other accounts that make up the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite, and who therefore generated, or contributed to, the historical performance shown may differ from the personnel managing the Tax-Aware Bond ETF.
While the accounts in the composite experience inflows and outflows of cash from clients, there can be no assurance that the continuous offering of Tax-Aware Bond ETF’s shares and Tax-Aware Bond ETF’s obligation to redeem its shares will not adversely affect Tax-Aware Bond ETF’s performance.
SCHRODER VALUE TAX-AWARE OPPORTUNISTIC BOND COMPOSITE AND TAX-AWARE BOND MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE 1
Average annual total returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
 
1 Year
5 Years
Since
Inception 2,3
Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite (Net of Class F expenses,
before fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) 6
7.56%
3.34%
3.34%
Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite (Net of Class F expenses, after
fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) 6
7.63%
3.41%
3.41%
Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite (Gross)
8.13%
3.89%
3.89%
Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 4
7.61%
3.43%
4.93%
Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund (Gross) 5
8.11%
3.91%
5.41%
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or
taxes)
7.54%
3.53%
3.97%
72

Total returns for the periods ended December 31 2,3
 
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Schroder Value Tax-Aware
Opportunistic Bond Composite (Net
of Class F expenses, before fee
waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 6
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.55%
2.48%
2.33%
4.16%
0.33%
7.56%
Schroder Value Tax-Aware
Opportunistic Bond Composite (Net
of Class F expenses, after fee
waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 6
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.56%
2.55%
2.40%
4.23%
0.40%
7.63%
Schroder Value Tax-Aware
Opportunistic Bond Composite
(Gross)
N/A
N/A
N/A
0.64%
3.02%
2.87%
4.71%
0.86%
8.13%
Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund (Net of
Class F expenses, after fee waivers
and/or expense reimbursements) 4
2.61%
12.11%
-5.36%
15.40%
2.58%
2.56%
4.11%
0.42%
7.61%
Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund
(Gross) 5
2.69%
12.63%
-4.92%
15.93%
3.05%
3.02%
4.19%
0.89%
8.11%
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond
Index (reflects no deduction for fees,
expenses or taxes)
2.11%
6.78%
-2.55%
9.05%
3.30%
0.25%
5.45%
1.28%
7.54%
1
This is not the performance of the Tax-Aware Bond ETF. As of September 30, 2020, the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite consisted of 2 accounts (Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund and Tax-Aware Bond ETF) with aggregate assets of $545.1 million. As of the same date, Tax- Aware Bond Mutual Fund’s net assets totaled approximately $439 million.
2
Returns for the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite reflect performance beginning October 31, 2014. Prior to October 31, 2014, Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund had an investment objective and strategy that were different than those of Tax-Aware Bond ETF, and thus, was not part of the Schroder Value Tax-Aware Opportunistic Bond Composite.
3
Returns for each of the Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund and Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond Index reflect performance beginning October 3, 2011.
4
Class F shares commenced operations on February 28, 2017 and performance prior to that date is that of the Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund’s Class I shares. Net performance information of Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund prior to October 24, 2016 reflects the historical performance, fees and expenses of the then-existing Investor Class Shares of the Schroder Broad Tax-Aware Value Bond Fund (the “Predecessor Fund”). The Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund has the same investment objective and investment strategies as that of its Predecessor Fund, and SIMNA served as the investment manager to the Predecessor Fund.
5
Gross performance information of Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund prior to October 24, 2016 reflects the historical performance of the Predecessor Fund.
6
Performance has been restated to reflect current fund expenses as set forth in the Tax-Aware Bond Mutual Fund’s current prospectus dated February 28, 2020.
Please see "Performance Notes" for a description of the index.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Performance for the periods subsequent to those periods reflected herein may be lower.
Total Return Bond ETF
The following tables present the past performance of a composite of certain accounts managed by Wellington Management (the “Core Bond Plus Composite”), which serves as the sub-adviser to the Total Return Bond ETF, and of The Hartford Total Return Bond Fund (the “Total Return Bond Mutual Fund”), sub-advised by Wellington Management, a series of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc. The Core Bond Plus Composite consists of all fee paying accounts under discretionary management by Wellington Management in Wellington Management’s Core Bond Plus investment strategy that have investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of the Total Return Bond ETF, including the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund. The performance of the Core Bond Plus Composite has been adjusted to reflect the current operating costs of the account with the highest operating expenses in the Core Bond Plus Composite. The net performance of the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund reflects the current operating costs of the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund. Historical gross composite performance has been prepared in compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS ® ). The GIPS method for computing historical performance differs from the SEC’s method. Returns reflect all income, gains and losses and reinvestment of any dividends or capital gains without provision for federal or state income tax. Because the gross performance data of the Core Bond Plus Composite shown in the tables does not reflect the deduction of investment advisory fees paid by the accounts that
73

make up the composite and the other expenses that would be applicable to exchange-traded funds, the net performance data may be more relevant to potential investors in the Total Return Bond ETF in their analysis of the historical experience of Wellington Management in managing all Core Bond Plus portfolios, with investment objectives, policies and strategies substantially similar to those of the Total Return Bond ETF. To calculate the performance of the composite net of Class F expenses, the total annual fund operating expenses (before and after fee waivers and/or expense reimbursements) of Class F shares of Total Return Bond Mutual Fund, as set forth in Total Return Bond Mutual Fund’s fee table in the Summary Section of the Prospectus dated February 28, 2020, were used.
Certain accounts that are included in the Core Bond Plus Composite are not subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on the Total Return Bond ETF by the 1940 Act or Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. Consequently, the performance results for the composite may have been less favorable had it been regulated as an investment company under the federal securities laws.
The Total Return Bond Mutual Fund is subject to the diversification requirements, specific tax restrictions and investment limitations imposed on the Total Return Bond ETF by the 1940 Act and Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code.
THE HISTORICAL PERFORMANCE OF EACH OF THE CORE BOND PLUS COMPOSITE AND THE TOTAL RETURN BOND MUTUAL FUND IS NOT THAT OF THE TOTAL RETURN BOND ETF, IS NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR THE TOTAL RETURN BOND ETF’S PERFORMANCE AND IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF ANY FUND’S FUTURE RESULTS.   The Total Return Bond ETF’s actual performance may differ significantly from the past performance of the Core Bond Plus Composite and the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund. The personnel who managed the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund and the other accounts that make up the Core Bond Plus Composite, and who therefore generated, or contributed to, the historical performance shown, may differ from the personnel managing the Total Return Bond ETF. Prior to March 5, 2012, the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund was sub-advised by an affiliate of the Investment Manager, and therefore, the personnel managing the Total Return Bond ETF differ from the personnel who managed the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund prior to that date.
While the accounts in the composite experience inflows and outflows of cash from clients, there can be no assurance that the continuous offering of the Total Return Bond ETF’s shares and the Total Return Bond ETF’s obligation to redeem its shares will not adversely affect the Total Return Bond ETF’s performance.
CORE BOND PLUS COMPOSITE AND THE TOTAL RETURN BOND MUTUAL FUND PERFORMANCE 1
Average annual total returns for the periods ended December 31, 2019
 
1 Year
5 Years
10 Years
Core Bond Plus Composite (Net of Class F expenses, before fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 2
10.26%
3.70%
4.70%
Core Bond Plus Composite (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 2
10.26%
3.70%
4.70%
Core Bond Plus Composite (Gross)
10.65%
4.06%
5.07%
Total Return Bond Mutual Fund (Net of Class F expenses, after fee waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 3, 4
10.37%
3.53%
4.25%
Total Return Bond Mutual Fund (Gross) 4
10.75%
4.03%
4.84%
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index (reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or
taxes)
8.72%
3.05%
3.75%
74

Total returns for the periods ended December 31
 
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
Core Bond Plus Composite
(Net of Class F expenses,
before fee waivers and/or
expense reimbursements) 2
8.74%
7.33%
8.52%
-1.39%
5.80%
-0.42%
4.48%
5.05%
-0.54%
10.26%
Core Bond Plus Composite
(Net of Class F expenses,
after fee waivers and/or
expense reimbursements) 2
8.74%
7.33%
8.52%
-1.39%
5.80%
-0.42%
4.48%
5.05%
-0.54%
10.26%
Core Bond Plus Composite
(Gross)
9.12%
7.71%
8.90%
-1.04%
6.17%
-0.07%
4.85%
5.42%
-0.19%
10.65%
Total Return Bond Mutual
Fund (Net of Class F
expenses, after fee
waivers and/or expense
reimbursements) 3, 4
6.94%
6.66%
7.38%
-1.61%
5.74%
-0.71%
3.98%
5.04%
-0.62%
10.37%
Total Return Bond Mutual
Fund (Gross) 4
7.71%
7.37%
8.05%
-0.94%
6.39%
-0.16%
4.59%
5.54%
-0.19%
10.75%
Bloomberg Barclays U.S.
Aggregate Bond Index
(reflects no deduction for
fees, expenses or taxes)
6.54%
7.84%
4.22%
-2.02%
5.97%
0.55%
2.65%
3.54%
0.01%
8.72%
1
This is not the performance of the Total Return Bond ETF.  As of September 30, 2020, the Core Bond Plus Composite was composed of 14 fee-paying accounts with aggregate assets of $10.2 billion. As of the same date, the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund’s net assets totaled approximately $2.9 billion.
2
Performance has been restated to reflect current fund expenses as set forth in the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund’s current prospectus dated February 28, 2020.
3
Class F shares commenced operations on February 28, 2017. Performance prior to that date is that of Total Return Bond Mutual Fund’s Class I shares.
4
The returns for the Total Return Bond Mutual Fund for the period prior to March 5, 2012 reflect the performance of a different sub-adviser.
Please see "Performance Notes" for a description of the index.
Past performance does not guarantee future results. Performance for the periods subsequent to those periods reflected herein may be lower.
75

Financial Highlights
The financial highlights table for each Fund is intended to help you understand each Fund’s financial performance for the period since each Fund’s inception. The total returns in the table for each Fund represent the rate that an investor would have earned or lost on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). The information for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 has been derived from the financial statements audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with each Fund’s financial statements and financial highlights, is included in the annual report to shareholders, which is available upon request. The information for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2019 and fiscal period ended July 31, 2018 has been derived from the financial statements audited by another independent registered public accounting firm.
— Selected Per-Share Data (1)
— Ratios and Supplemental Data —
Net Asset
Value at
Beginning
of Period
Net
Investment
Income
(Loss)
Net
Realized
and
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
on
Investments
Total from
Investment
Operations
Other
Capital
Dividends
from Net
Investment
Income
Distributions
from
Capital
Gains
Total
Dividends
and
Distributions
Net
Asset
Value at
End of
Period
Total
Return (2)
Net
Assets at
End of
Period
(000s)
Ratio of
Expenses
to
Average
Net
Assets
Before
Adjust-
ments (3)
Ratio of
Expenses
to
Average
Net
Assets
After
Adjust-
ments
Ratio of
Net
Investment
Income
(Loss) to
Average
Net Assets
Portfolio
Turnover (4)
Hartford Core Bond ETF
For the Period Ended July 31, 2020 (5)
$40.00
$ 0.21
$ 2.50
$ 2.71
$ 0.05
$ (0.24)
$
$ (0.24)
$ 42.52
(6) 6.91%
$ 138,187
(7) 0.29%
(7) 0.29%
(7) 1.19%
(15) 26%
Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF
For the Year Ended July 31, 2020
$41.72
$ (12) 1.04
$ (12) 0.95
$ 1.99
$ 0.02
$ (1.06)
$ (0.15)
$ (1.21)
$ 42.52
4.90%
$ 106,291
0.29%
0.29%
(12) 2.49%
67%
For the Year Ended July 31, 2019
$39.72
$ 1.07
$ 1.92
$ 2.99
$ 0.02
$ (1.01)
$
$ (1.01)
$ 41.72
7.68%
$ 139,773
0.29%
0.29%
2.65%
32%
For the Period Ended July 31, 2018 (8)
$40.00
$ 0.54
$ (0.37)
$ 0.17
$ 0.07
$ (0.52)
$
$ (0.52)
$ 39.72
(6) 0.60%
$ 11,916
(7) 0.34%
(7) 0.34%
(7) 2.18%
37%
Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF
For the Year Ended July 31, 2020
$20.95
$ 0.35
$ 0.91
$ 1.26
$ 0.02
$ (0.37)
$ (0.10)
$ (0.47)
$ 21.76
6.18%
$ 76,168
0.39%
0.39%
1.67%
165%
For the Year Ended July 31, 2019 
$19.98
$ 0.51
$ 0.99
$ 1.50
$
$ (0.53)
$
$ (0.53)
$ 20.95
7.62%
$ 27,230
0.39%
0.39%
2.55%
165%
For the Period Ended July 31, 2018 (9)
$20.00
$ 0.11
$ (0.06)
$ 0.05
$ 0.02
$ (0.09)
$
$ (0.09)
$ 19.98
(6) 0.37%
$ 20,983
(7) 0.39%
(7) 0.39%
(7) 1.93%
60%
Hartford Short Duration ETF
For the Year Ended July 31, 2020
$40.70
$ (13) 1.29
$ (13) 0.20
$ 1.49
$ 0.02
$ (1.33)
$
$ (1.33)
$ 40.88
3.78%
$ 87,882
0.29%
0.29%
(13) 3.19%
(16) 29%
For the Year Ended July 31, 2019
$39.97
$ 1.38
$ 0.64
$ 2.02
$ 0.02
$ (1.31)
$
$ (1.31)
$ 40.70
5.20%
$ 109,889
0.29%
0.29%
3.45%
28%
For the Period Ended July 31, 2018 (10)
$40.00
$ 0.19
$ (0.09)
$ 0.10
$ 0.02
$ (0.15)
$
$ (0.15)
$ 39.97
(6) 0.31%
$ 19,983
(7) 0.29%
(7) 0.29%
(7) 2.75%
1%
Hartford Total Return Bond ETF
For the Year Ended July 31, 2020
$40.87
$ (14)   1.13
$ (14) 2.90
$ 4.03
$ 0.02
$ (1.35)
$   (1.05)
$ (2.40)
$ 42.52
10.34%
$ 697,309
0.29%
0.29%
(14) 2.76%
(17) 79%
76

Financial Highlights
— Selected Per-Share Data (1)
— Ratios and Supplemental Data —
Net Asset
Value at
Beginning
of Period
Net
Investment
Income
(Loss)
Net
Realized
and
Unrealized
Gain (Loss)
on
Investments
Total from
Investment
Operations
Other
Capital
Dividends
from Net
Investment
Income
Distributions
from
Capital
Gains
Total
Dividends
and
Distributions
Net
Asset
Value at
End of
Period
Total
Return (2)
Net
Assets at
End of
Period
(000s)
Ratio of
Expenses
to
Average
Net
Assets
Before
Adjust-
ments (3)
Ratio of
Expenses
to
Average
Net
Assets
After
Adjust-
ments
Ratio of
Net
Investment
Income
(Loss) to
Average
Net Assets
Portfolio
Turnover (4)
For the Year Ended July 31, 2019
$38.99
$ 1.30
$ 1.77
$ 3.07
$ 0.05
$ (1.24)
$
$ (1.24)
$ 40.87
8.14%
$   590,521
0.29%
0.29%
3.30%
54%
For the Period Ended July 31, 2018 (11)  
$  40.00
$ 0.77
$   (1.14)
$   (0.37)
$   0.08
$  (0.72)
$
$   (0.72)
$   38.99
(6) (0.71)%
$ 44,835
(7) 0.38%
(7) 0.38%
(7) 2.35%
46%
FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS FOOTNOTES
(1)
Information presented relates to a share outstanding throughout the indicated period. Net investment income (loss) per share amounts are calculated based on average shares outstanding unless otherwise noted.
(2)
Total return is calculated assuming a hypothetical purchase of beneficial shares on the opening of the first day at the net asset value and a sale on the closing of the last day at the net asset value of each period reported. Dividends and distributions, if any, are assumed for purposes of this calculation, to be reinvested at net asset value at the end of the distribution day.
(3)
There were no waivers or reimbursements for the periods shown.
(4)
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from in-kind processing of creations or redemptions.
(5)
Commenced operations on February 19, 2020.
(6)
Not annualized.
(7)
Annualized.
(8)
Commenced operations on December 13, 2017.
(9)
Commenced operations on April 18, 2018.
(10)
Commenced operations on May 30, 2018.
(11)
Commenced operations on September 27, 2017.
(12)
FASB issued ASU 2017-08 to amend the amortization period to the earliest call date for purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Effective August 1, 2019, the Fund amended its amortization policy and the effect of this change for the year ended July 31, 2020 was an increase to net investment income per share for less than $0.005, decrease to net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments for less than $(0.005) and an increase to ratio of net investment income to average net assets of less than 0.005%. Per share data and ratios for periods prior to July 31, 2020 have not been restated to reflect this change in presentation.
(13)
FASB issued ASU 2017-08 to amend the amortization period to the earliest call date for purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Effective August 1, 2019, the Fund amended its amortization policy and the effect of this change for the year ended July 31, 2020 was an increase to net investment income per share for less than $0.005, decrease to net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments for less than $(0.005) and an increase to ratio of net investment income to average net assets of less than 0.005%. Per share data and ratios for periods prior to July 31, 2020 have not been restated to reflect a change in accounting standard.
(14)
FASB issued ASU 2017-08 to amend the amortization period to the earliest call date for purchased callable debt securities held at a premium. Effective August 1, 2019, the Fund amended its amortization policy and the effect of this change for the year ended July 31, 2020 was a decrease to net investment income per share for less than $(0.005), increase to net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments for less than $0.005 and a decrease to ratio of net investment income to average net assets of (0.01)%. Per share data and ratios for periods prior to July 31, 2020 have not been restated to reflect a change in accounting standard.
(15)
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 177%.
(16)
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 41%.
77

Financial Highlights
(17)
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 659%.
78

For More Information
Two documents are available that offer further information on the Funds:
Annual/Semi-Annual Report To Shareholders
Additional information about each Fund is contained in the financial statements and portfolio holdings in the Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports. In the Funds’ annual report you will also find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Funds’ performance during the last fiscal year, as well as the independent registered public accounting firm’s report.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI contains more detailed information on the Funds. A current SAI has been filed with the SEC and the SAI is incorporated by reference into (which means it is legally a part of) this prospectus.
The Funds make available this prospectus, the SAI and annual/semi-annual reports free of charge, on the Funds’ website at hartfordfunds.com.
To request a free copy of the current annual/semi-annual report for the Funds and/or the SAI or for shareholder inquiries or other information about the Funds, please contact the Funds at:
By Mail:
Hartford Funds
(For overnight mail)
690 Lee Road
Hartford Funds
Wayne, PA 19087
690 Lee Road
 
Wayne, PA 19087
By Phone:
1-800-456-7526
On The Internet:
hartfordfunds.com
Or you may view or obtain these documents from the SEC:
On the Internet or by E-Mail:
Internet: (on the EDGAR Database on the SEC’s internet website) www.sec.gov
E-Mail: publicinfo@sec.gov
Requests which are made by e-mail require the payment of a duplicating fee to the SEC in order to obtain a document.
Net Asset Value. Each Fund’s net asset value is available on a daily basis on the Funds’ website at hartfordfunds.com.
SEC File Number Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust 811-23222
ETFPRO-11252020 November 25, 2020

COMBINED STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
FOR HARTFORD EXCHANGE-TRADED FUNDS
This Combined Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI should be read in conjunction with the prospectus of Hartford Core Bond ETF (the “Core Bond ETF”), Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF (the “Municipal Opportunities ETF”), Hartford Short Duration ETF (the “Short Duration ETF”), Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF (the “Tax-Aware Bond ETF”), and Hartford Total Return Bond ETF (the “Total Return Bond ETF”) (each a “Fund,” and collectively the “Funds”), each a series of Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust (the “Trust”), as described below and as amended, restated or supplemented from time to time. The Trust is an open-end management investment company currently consisting of five series. This SAI relates only to the series of the Trust listed below.
HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST
Fund
Exchange
Ticker
Hartford Core Bond ETF
Cboe BZX
HCRB
Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF
NYSE Arca
HMOP
Hartford Short Duration ETF
Cboe BZX
HSRT
Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF
NYSE Arca
HTAB
Hartford Total Return Bond ETF
NYSE Arca
HTRB
Each Fund operates as an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”). As identified and described in more detail within the Prospectus and this Combined Statement of Additional Information, each Fund is an actively managed ETF that does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index.
Each Fund’s audited financial statements as of July 31, 2020 are incorporated by reference into this SAI. The Funds’ prospectus is incorporated by reference into this SAI, and this SAI has been incorporated by reference into the Funds’ prospectus. A free copy of the Funds’ Annual/Semi-Annual Report and the Funds’ prospectus are available on the Funds’ website at hartfordfunds.com, and upon request by writing to: Hartford Funds, 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 or by calling 1-800-456-7526 .
Date of Prospectus: November 25, 2020, as may be amended, restated or supplemented from time to time
Date of Statement of Additional Information: November 25, 2020

Table of Contents

General Information
This SAI relates to the Funds listed on the front cover page.
The Trust is a Delaware statutory trust established under a Certificate of Trust dated September 20, 2010. The Trust operates pursuant to an Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust dated December 8, 2016. Each Fund operates as an exchange traded fund and is registered with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). The offering of the Trust’s shares is registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”).
Each Fund offers and issues shares at their net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Units”), generally in exchange for a basket of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) together with a deposit of a specified cash payment (the “Cash Component”). Alternatively, each Fund may issue and redeem Creation Units in exchange for a specified all-cash payment. Shares are redeemable by a Fund only in Creation Units, and, generally, in exchange for securities and/or cash. Shares trade in the secondary market and elsewhere at market prices that may be at, above or below NAV. Creation Units typically are comprised of a specified number of shares.
Each Fund may charge creation/redemption transaction fees for each creation and redemption. In all cases, redemption transaction fees will be limited in accordance with the requirements of the SEC applicable to management investment companies offering redeemable securities (currently, no more than 2% of the value of the shares redeemed). See the “Creation and Redemption of Shares” section below.
The Funds are not index funds. Each Fund is an actively managed ETF that does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. Each Fund is a diversified fund.
Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC” or the “Investment Manager”) is the investment manager to the Funds. HFMC is an indirect subsidiary of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (“The Hartford”), a Connecticut-based financial services company. The Hartford may be deemed to control HFMC through the indirect ownership of such entity. In addition, Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) is the sub-adviser to Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Short Duration ETF and Total Return Bond ETF. Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. (“SIMNA”) is the sub-adviser to the Tax-Aware Bond ETF. Schroder Investment Management North America, Ltd. (“SIMNA Ltd.”) is a sub-sub-adviser to the Tax-Aware Bond ETF until March 31, 2021. Wellington Management, SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. (together, the “sub-advisers”) perform the daily investment of the assets for each Fund for which they act as sub-adviser or sub-sub-adviser. ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ALPS” or the “Distributor”) is the principal underwriter to the Funds.
HFMC also serves as the Investment Manager to The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Hartford Series Fund, Inc., and Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc.
Investments in the Funds are not:
Deposits or obligations of any bank;
Guaranteed or endorsed by any bank; or
Federally insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Reserve Board or any other federal agency.
The prospectus and SAI do not purport to create any contractual obligations between the Trust or any Fund and its shareholders. Further, shareholders are not intended third-party beneficiaries of any contracts entered into by (or on behalf of) the Funds, including contracts with the Investment Manager or other parties who provide services to the Funds.
Exchange Listing and Trading
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the “Summary Information About the Exchange-Traded Funds” and “How To Buy And Sell Shares” sections of the Prospectus. The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such sections of the Prospectus. Shares of Municipal Opportunities ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF are listed and trade throughout the day on the NYSE Arca, Inc. (“NYSE Arca”) and shares of Core Bond ETF and Short Duration ETF are listed and trade throughout the day on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (“Cboe BZX”). Shares of each Fund may also trade on other secondary markets. Shares of each Fund may also be listed on certain foreign (non-U.S.) exchanges. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX, as applicable, necessary to maintain the listing of shares of a Fund will be met on a continuing basis. Each listing exchange may, but is not required to, remove the shares of a Fund from listing if: (i) following the initial 12-month period beginning upon the commencement of trading of Fund shares, there are fewer than 50 beneficial owners of shares of the Fund; (ii) the exchange becomes aware that the Fund is no longer eligible to operate in reliance on Rule 6c-11 under the 1940 Act to the extent such Fund’s listing is conditioned upon reliance on Rule 6c-11; (iii) the Fund no longer complies with the applicable rules for continued listing on the exchange; or (iv) any other event shall occur or condition shall exist that, in the opinion of the applicable exchange, makes
3

further dealings on that exchange inadvisable. The NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX will delist the shares of a Fund upon termination of the Fund. In the event a Fund ceases to be listed on an exchange, the Fund may cease operating as an “exchange-traded” fund and operate as a mutual fund, provided that shareholders are given advance notice.
As in the case of other publicly-traded securities, when you buy or sell shares through a financial intermediary you will incur a brokerage commission determined by that financial intermediary.
In order to provide additional information regarding the intra-day value of shares of a Fund, the NYSE Arca, Cboe BZX or a market data vendor may disseminate every 15 seconds through the facilities of the Consolidated Tape Association or other widely disseminated means an updated intra-day indicative value (“iNAV”) for the Fund as calculated by an information provider or market data vendor. The Trust will not be involved in or responsible for any aspect of the calculation or dissemination of the iNAV and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the iNAV. An iNAV is based on the current market value of a Fund’s portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Fund’s calculation of NAV at the end of the Business Day (as defined below), as disclosed on the Fund’s website prior to that Business Day’s commencement of trading.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share prices of a Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of a Fund.
Investment Objectives and Policies
The investment objectives and principal investment strategies of each Fund are described in the Funds’ prospectus. Additional information concerning certain of each Fund’s investments, strategies and risks is set forth below.
A.
FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS
Each Fund has adopted the fundamental investment restrictions set forth below. Fundamental investment restrictions may not be changed without the approval of a majority of a Fund’s outstanding voting securities as defined in the 1940 Act. Under the 1940 Act and as used in the prospectus and this SAI, a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” means the lesser of (1) the holders of 67% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund represented at a meeting if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund are present in person or by proxy or (2) the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
Unless otherwise provided below, all references below to the assets of each Fund are in terms of current market value.
Each Fund:
1. will not borrow money or issue any class of senior securities, except to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted from time to time by regulatory authority;
2. will not “concentrate” its investments in a particular industry or group of industries, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder as such may be interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having appropriate jurisdiction;
3. will not make loans, except to the extent consistent with the 1940 Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder, or as may otherwise be permitted from time to time by regulatory authority;
4. will not act as an underwriter of securities of other issuers, except to the extent that, in connection with the disposition of portfolio securities, the Fund may be deemed an underwriter under applicable laws;
5. will not purchase or sell real estate, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and the rules and regulations thereunder, as such may be interpreted or modified from time to time by regulatory authorities having appropriate jurisdiction; and
6. will not invest in physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities, except to the extent permitted under the 1940 Act and other applicable laws, rules and regulations, as such may be interpreted or modified by regulatory authorities having jurisdiction, from time to time and as set forth in the Fund’s prospectus and SAI.
In addition, under normal circumstances, Municipal Opportunities ETF will invest at least 80% of the value of its net assets, plus the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes, in municipal securities whose interest is exempt from federal income tax.
B.
NON-FUNDAMENTAL INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS
The following restrictions are non-fundamental restrictions and may be changed by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) without shareholder approval.
Each Fund may not:
1. Pledge its assets other than to secure permitted borrowings or to secure investments permitted by the Fund’s investment policies as set forth in its prospectus and this SAI, as they may be amended from time to time, and applicable law.
2. Purchase securities on margin except to the extent permitted by applicable law.
4

3. Purchase securities while outstanding borrowings exceed 5% of the Fund’s total assets, except where the borrowing is for temporary or emergency purposes. Reverse repurchase agreements, dollar rolls, securities lending, borrowing securities in connection with short sales (where permitted in the Fund’s prospectus and SAI), and other investments or transactions described in the Fund’s prospectus and this SAI, as they may be amended from time to time, are not deemed to be borrowings for purposes of this restriction.
4. Make short sales of securities or maintain a short position, except to the extent permitted by the Fund’s prospectus and SAI, as amended from time to time, and applicable law.
5. Invest more than 15% of the Fund’s net assets in illiquid securities.
C.
NON-FUNDAMENTAL TAX RESTRICTIONS OF THE FUNDS
Each Fund must:
1. Maintain its assets so that, at the close of each quarter of its taxable year,
(a) at least 50% of the fair market value of its total assets is comprised of cash, cash items, U.S. Government securities, securities of other regulated investment companies and other securities (including bank loans), limited in respect of any one issuer to no more than 5% of the fair market value of the Fund’s total assets and 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and
(b) no more than 25% of the fair market value of its total assets is invested in the securities (including bank loans) of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities and securities of other regulated investment companies), or of two or more issuers controlled by the Fund and engaged in the same, similar, or related trades or businesses, or of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
These tax-related limitations are subject to cure provisions under applicable tax laws and may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval to the extent appropriate in light of changes to applicable tax law requirements.
D.
CLASSIFICATION
Each Fund has elected to be classified as a diversified series of an open-end management investment company. As a diversified fund, at least 75% of the value of the Fund’s total assets must be represented by cash and cash items (including receivables), U.S. Government securities, securities of other investment companies, and other securities for the purposes of this calculation limited in respect of any one issuer (i) to an amount not greater in value than 5% of the value of the total assets of the Fund and (ii) to not more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer.
Each Fund may not change its classification status from diversified to non-diversified without the prior approval of shareholders.
E.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REGARDING INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
The information below is not considered to be part of each Fund’s fundamental policies and is provided for informational purposes only.
Except with respect to the asset coverage requirements included in the limitation on borrowing set forth in Section A.1 above, if the percentage restrictions on investments described in this SAI and the Prospectus are adhered to at the time of investment, a later increase or decrease in such percentage resulting from a change in the values of securities or loans, a change in a Fund’s net assets or a change in security characteristics is not a violation of any of such restrictions.
With respect to investment restriction A.2, the 1940 Act does not define what constitutes “concentration” in an industry. However, the SEC has taken the position that an investment in excess of 25% of a Fund’s total assets in one or more issuers conducting their principal business activities in the same industry generally constitutes concentration. The Funds do not apply this restriction to municipal securities, repurchase agreements collateralized by securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities, or other investment companies. To the extent an underlying investment company has adopted an 80% policy that indicates investment in a particular industry, a Fund will take such policy into consideration for purposes of the Fund’s industry concentration policy.
With respect to investment restriction A.5, the 1940 Act does not directly restrict a Fund’s ability to invest in real estate, but does require that every fund have a fundamental investment policy governing such investments. A Fund may acquire real estate as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments and the Fund may invest in securities or other instruments backed by real estate or securities of companies engaged in the real estate business or real estate investment trusts. Each Fund is limited in the amount of illiquid assets it may purchase, and to the extent that investments in real estate are considered illiquid, Rule 22e-4 generally limits the Fund’s purchases of illiquid investments to 15% of its net assets.
With respect to investment restriction A.6, although the 1940 Act does not directly limit a Fund’s ability to invest in physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities, the Fund’s investments in physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities may be limited by the Fund’s intention to qualify as a registered investment company, as at least 90% of its gross income must come from certain qualifying sources of income, and income from physical commodities or contracts relating to
5

physical commodities does not constitute qualifying income for this purpose. In addition, to the extent that any physical commodity or contracts relating to a physical commodity is considered to be an illiquid investment, Rule 22e-4 generally limits the Fund’s purchases of illiquid investments to 15% of its net assets. Other restrictions that could also limit a Fund’s investment in physical commodities or contracts relating to physical commodities include where that investment implicates the Fund’s diversification, concentration, or securities-related issuer policies, and where the Fund would need to take certain steps as set forth in its policies to avoid being considered to issue any class of senior securities.
F.
CERTAIN INVESTMENT STRATEGIES, RISKS AND CONSIDERATIONS
The investment objective and principal investment strategies for each Fund are discussed in the Funds’ prospectus. Set forth below are further descriptions of certain types of investments and investment strategies used by one or more of the Funds. Please see the Funds’ prospectus and the “Investment Objectives and Policies” section of this SAI for further information on a Fund’s investment policies and risks.
Certain descriptions in the Funds’ prospectus and this SAI of a particular investment practice or technique in which a Fund may engage or a financial instrument that the Fund may purchase are meant to describe the spectrum of investments that the Fund’s sub-adviser, in its discretion, might, but is not required to, use in managing the Fund’s portfolio assets in accordance with the Fund’s investment objective, policies and restrictions. It is possible that certain types of financial instruments or techniques may not be available, permissible or effective for their intended purposes in all markets.
Investments in a new Fund with limited operating history gives rise to additional risks because there can be no assurance that the new Fund will grow to or be able to maintain an economically viable size. To the extent a Fund fails to grow to and maintain an economically viable size, the Board may decide to liquidate the Fund or reorganize the Fund into another Fund. While shareholder interests will be the paramount consideration, the timing of any liquidation or reorganization may not be favorable to certain individual shareholders.
Each Fund has currently elected not to register with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool. As a result, each Fund will not purchase commodity futures, commodity options contracts, or swaps if, immediately after and as a result of such purchase, (i) the Fund’s aggregate initial margin and premiums posted for its non-bona fide hedging trading in these instruments exceeds 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio (after taking into account unrealized profits and losses and excluding the in the-money amount of an option at the time of purchase) or (ii) the aggregate net notional value of the Fund’s positions in such instruments not used solely for bona fide hedging purposes exceeds 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio (after taking into account unrealized profits and losses). Each Fund may choose to change its election at any time.
Investment Risks
The table and discussion set forth below provide descriptions of some of the types of investments and investment strategies that one or more of the Funds may use, and the risks and considerations associated with those investments and investment strategies. Please see the Funds’ Prospectus and the “Investment Objectives and Policies” section of this SAI for further information on each Fund’s investment policies and risks. Information contained in this section about the risks and considerations associated with a Fund’s investments and/or investment strategies applies only to those Funds specifically identified in the table below as making each type of investment or using each investment strategy (each, a “Covered Fund”). Information that does not apply to a Covered Fund does not form a part of that Covered Fund’s SAI and should not be relied on by investors in that Covered Fund. Only information that is clearly identified as applicable to a Covered Fund is considered to form a part of the Covered Fund’s SAI.
 
Core Bond
ETF
Municipal
Opportunities
ETF
Short
Duration
ETF
Tax-Aware
Bond ETF
Total Return
Bond ETF
Active Investment Management
Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Active Trading Risk
X
X
 
X
X
Asset-Backed Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Collateralized Debt Obligations
(CDOs)
X
X
X
X
X
Asset Segregation
X
X
X
X
X
Authorized Participant
Concentration Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Bond Forwards Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Borrowing
X
X
X
X
X
Call Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Cash Transactions Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Commodities Regulatory Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Convertible Securities
X
 
X
 
X
Counterparty Risk
X
X
X
X
X
6

 
Core Bond
ETF
Municipal
Opportunities
ETF
Short
Duration
ETF
Tax-Aware
Bond ETF
Total Return
Bond ETF
Credit Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Credit Risk Transfer Securities Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Currency Risk
X
X
X
 
X
Cybersecurity Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Depositary Receipts
X
X
X
 
X
Derivative Instruments
X
X
X
X
X
Options Contracts
X
 
X
X
X
Futures Contracts
X
X
X
X
X
Options on Futures Contracts
X
X
X
X
X
Swap Agreements
X
X
X
X
X
Swaptions
X
X
X
X
X
Inflation-Linked Instruments
X
X
X
 
X
Hybrid Instruments
X
X
X
 
X
Foreign Currency Transactions
X
X
X
X
X
Risk Factors in Derivative
Instruments
X
X
X
X
X
Dollar Rolls
X
X
X
 
X
Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs)
X
X
X
X
X
Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs)
X
X
X
X
X
Event Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Fixed Income Market Risks
X
X
X
X
X
Fixed Income Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Foreign Investments
X
X
X
X
X
Government Intervention in
Financial Markets
X
X
X
X
X
High Yield Investments
X
X
X
X
X
Distressed Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Illiquid Investments
X
X
X
X
X
Inflation Protected Debt Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Initial Public Offerings
X
 
 
 
X
Interest Rate Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Interfund Lending Program
X
X
X
X
X
Inverse Floating Rate Securities
X
X
X
 
X
Investment Grade Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Investments in Emerging Market
Securities
X
 
X
 
X
Liquidation of Funds
X
X
X
X
X
Loans and Loan Participations
X
 
X
 
X
LIBOR Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Floating Rate Loans
X
 
X
 
X
Loan Participations
X
 
X
 
X
Senior Loans
X
 
X
 
X
Unsecured Loans
X
 
X
 
X
Market Price Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Market Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Master Limited Partnership (MLP)
Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Money Market Instruments and
Temporary Investment Strategies
X
X
X
X
X
Mortgage-Related Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Municipal Securities
X
X
X
X
X
New Fund Risk
X
 
 
 
 
No Guarantee of Active Trading
Market Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Operational Risks
X
X
X
X
X
Other Capital Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Other Investment Companies
X
X
X
X
X
Preferred Stock Risk
X
 
X
 
X
Real Estate Related Securities
Risks
X
X
X
 
X
Repurchase and Reverse
Repurchase Agreements
X
X
X
X
X
Restricted Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Risks of Qualified Financial
Contracts
X
X
X
X
X
Secondary Trading Market Issues
X
X
X
X
X
7

 
Core Bond
ETF
Municipal
Opportunities
ETF
Short
Duration
ETF
Tax-Aware
Bond ETF
Total Return
Bond ETF
Securities Lending Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Securities Trusts
X
X
X
 
X
Sovereign Debt
X
X
X
X
X
Stripped Securities Risk
X
 
 
 
X
Structured Securities
X
X
X
 
X
Taxable Income Risk
 
X
 
X
 
To Be Announced (TBA)
Transactions Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Short Sales of TBA Investments
Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Use as Underlying Fund Risk
X
X
X
X
X
U.S. Government Securities Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Treasury Inflation-Protection
Securities
X
X
X
X
X
Volatility Risk
X
X
X
X
X
Warrants and Rights Risk
X
X
X
 
X
Zero Coupon Securities
X
X
X
X
X
ACTIVE INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT RISK. The risk that, if a portfolio manager’s investment decisions and strategy do not perform as expected, a Fund could underperform its peers or lose money. A Fund’s performance depends on the portfolio managers’ judgment about a variety of factors, such as markets, interest rates and/or the attractiveness, relative value, liquidity, or potential appreciation of particular investments made for the Fund’s portfolio. The portfolio managers’ investment models may not adequately take into account certain factors, may perform differently than anticipated and may result in a Fund having a lower return than if the portfolio managers used another model or investment strategy. In addition, to the extent a Fund allocates a portion of its assets to specialist portfolio managers, the styles employed by the different portfolio managers may not be complementary, which could adversely affect the Fund’s performance. The Fund’s sub-adviser may consider certain environmental, social and/or governance factors (“ESG”) as part of its decision to buy and sell securities. Such consideration may fail to produce the intended result and, as a result, the Fund may underperform funds that do not consider ESG factors.
ACTIVE TRADING RISK. Active or frequent trading of a Fund’s portfolio securities could increase a Fund’s transaction costs and may increase an investor’s tax liability as compared to a fund with less active trading policies. These effects may adversely affect Fund performance.
ASSET-BACKED SECURITIES. Asset-backed securities are securities backed by a pool of some underlying asset, including but not limited to home equity loans, installment sale contracts, credit card receivables or other assets. Asset-backed securities are “pass-through” securities, meaning that principal and interest payments net of expenses made by the borrower on the underlying assets (such as credit card receivables) are passed through to a Fund. The value of asset-backed securities, like that of traditional fixed income securities, typically increases when interest rates fall and decreases when interest rates rise. However, asset-backed securities differ from traditional fixed income securities because of their potential for prepayment. The price paid by a Fund for its asset-backed securities, the yield the Fund expects to receive from such securities and the average life of the securities are based on a number of factors, including the anticipated rate of prepayment of the underlying assets. In a period of declining interest rates, borrowers may prepay the underlying assets more quickly than anticipated, thereby reducing the yield to maturity and the average life of the asset-backed securities. Moreover, when a Fund reinvests the proceeds of a prepayment in these circumstances, it will likely receive a rate of interest that is lower than the rate on the security that was prepaid. To the extent that a Fund purchases asset-backed securities at a premium, prepayments may result in a loss to the extent of the premium paid. If a Fund buys such securities at a discount, both scheduled payments and unscheduled prepayments will increase current and total returns and unscheduled prepayments will also accelerate the recognition of income which, when distributed to shareholders, will be taxable as ordinary income. In a period of rising interest rates, prepayments of the underlying assets may occur at a slower than expected rate, creating maturity extension risk. This particular risk may effectively change a security that was considered short- or intermediate-term at the time of purchase into a longer term security. Since the value of longer-term securities generally fluctuates more widely in response to changes in interest rates than does the value of shorter term securities, maturity extension risk could increase the volatility of the Fund. When interest rates decline, the value of an asset-backed security with prepayment features may not increase as much as that of other fixed-income securities, and, as noted above, changes in market rates of interest may accelerate or retard prepayments and thus affect maturities.
Asset-backed securities do not always have the benefit of a security interest in the underlying asset. For example, credit card receivables are generally unsecured, and the debtors are entitled to the protection of a number of state and federal consumer credit laws, many of which give such debtors the right to set off amounts owed. The ability of an issuer of asset-backed securities to enforce its security interest in the underlying securities may be limited, and recoveries on repossessed collateral may not, in some cases, be available to support payments on these securities. If the Funds purchase asset-backed securities that are
8

“subordinated” to other interests in the same asset-backed pool, a Fund as a holder of those securities may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. Tax-exempt structured securities, such as tobacco bonds, are not considered asset-backed securities for purposes of each Fund’s investments.
Collateralized Debt Obligations (CDOs). A Fund may invest in collateralized debt obligations (“CDOs”), which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”) and other similarly structured securities. CBOs and CLOs are types of asset-backed securities. A CBO is a trust that is typically backed by a diversified pool of high risk, below investment grade fixed income securities. The collateral can be from many different types of fixed income securities such as high yield debt, residential privately issued mortgage-related securities, commercial privately issued mortgage-related securities, trust preferred securities and emerging market debt. A CLO is a trust typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and foreign senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans. Other CDOs are trusts backed by other types of assets representing obligations of various parties. CDOs may charge management fees and administrative expenses.
For CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs, the cash flows from the trust are split into two or more portions, called tranches, varying in risk and yield. The riskiest portion is the “equity” tranche which bears the bulk of defaults from the bonds or loans in the trust and serves to protect the other, more senior tranches from default in all but the most severe circumstances. Since they are partially protected from defaults, senior tranches from a CBO trust, CLO trust or trust of another CDO typically have higher ratings and lower yields than their underlying securities, and can be rated investment grade. Despite the protection from the equity tranche, CBO, CLO or other CDO tranches can experience substantial losses due to actual defaults, increased sensitivity to defaults due to collateral default and disappearance of protecting tranches, market anticipation of defaults, as well as aversion to CBO, CLO or other CDO securities as a class.
The risks of an investment in a CDO depend largely on the type of collateral held by the special purpose entity (SPE) and the tranche of the CDO in which the Fund invests. Investment risk may also be affected by the performance of a CDO’s collateral manager (the entity responsible for selecting and managing the pool of collateral securities held by the SPE trust), especially during a period of market volatility. CDOs may be deemed to be illiquid investments and subject to Rule 22e-4’s restrictions on investments in illiquid investments. However, an active dealer market may exist for CDOs allowing a CDO to qualify for Rule 144A transactions. Normally, CBOs, CLOs and other CDOs are privately offered and sold, and thus, are not registered under the securities laws. The Fund’s investment in CDOs will not receive the same investor protection as an investment in registered securities. In addition, prices of CDO tranches can decline considerably. In addition to the normal risks associated with debt securities and asset backed securities (e.g., interest rate risk, credit risk and default risk), CDOs carry additional risks including, but not limited to: (i) the possibility that distributions from collateral securities will not be adequate to make interest or other payments; (ii) the quality of the collateral may decline in value or quality or go into default or be downgraded; (iii) a Fund may invest in tranches of a CDO that are subordinate to other classes; and (iv) the complex structure of the security may not be fully understood at the time of investment and may produce disputes with the issuer, difficulty in valuing the security or unexpected investment results.
ASSET SEGREGATION. To the extent required by the SEC guidelines, if a Fund engages in transactions that expose it to an obligation to another party, the Fund will either (i) hold an offsetting position for the same type of financial asset or (ii) maintain cash or liquid securities, designated on the Fund’s books or held in a segregated account, with a value sufficient at all times to cover its potential obligations not covered pursuant to clause (i). Assets used as offsetting positions, designated on the Fund’s books or held in a segregated account cannot be sold while the position(s) requiring cover is/are open unless replaced with other appropriate assets. As a result, the commitment of a large portion of assets to be used as offsetting positions or to be designated or segregated in such a manner could impede portfolio management or the Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests or other current obligations. Each Fund reserves the right to modify its asset segregation policies in the future to comply with any changes in the SEC’s positions regarding asset segregation.
AUTHORIZED PARTICIPANT CONCENTRATION RISK. Only an authorized participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with a Fund. Each Fund has a limited number of intermediaries that act as authorized participants, and none of these authorized participants are or will be obligated to engage in creation or redemption transactions. To the extent that these intermediaries exit the business or are unable to or choose not to proceed with creation and/or redemption orders with respect to a Fund and no other authorized participant is able to step forward to create or redeem, shares may be more likely to trade at a discount to NAV and possibly face trading halts and/or delisting.
BOND FORWARDS RISK. A bond forward is a contractual agreement between a Fund and another party to buy or sell an underlying asset at an agreed-upon future price and date. When a Fund enters into a bond forward, it will also simultaneously enter into a reverse repurchase agreement. In a bond forward transaction, no cash premium is paid when the parties enter into the bond forward. If the transaction is collateralized, an exchange of margin collateral will take place according to an agreed-upon schedule. Otherwise, no asset of any kind changes hands until the bond forward matures (typically in 30 days) or is rolled over for another agreed-upon period. Generally, the value of the bond forward will change based on changes in the value of the underlying asset. Bond forwards are subject to market risk (the risk that the market value of the underlying bond may change), non-correlation risk (the risk that the market value of the bond forward might move independently of the market value of the underlying bond) and
9

counterparty credit risk (the risk that a counterparty will be unable to meet its obligation under the contract). If there is no cash exchanged at the time a Fund enters into the bond forward, counterparty risk may be limited to the loss of any marked-to-market profit on the contract and any delays or limitations on the Fund’s ability to sell or otherwise use the investments used as collateral for the bond forward. Reverse repurchase agreements involve the sale of securities held by a Fund with an agreement to repurchase the securities at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. Reverse repurchase agreements carry the risk that the market value of the securities that a Fund is obligated to repurchase may decline below the repurchase price. A Fund could also lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of the collateral held or assets segregated by the Fund to cover the transaction is less than the value of securities. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may increase the possibility of fluctuation in a Fund’s net asset value.
In order to reduce the risk associated with leveraging, a Fund may “set aside” liquid assets (as described in “Asset Segregation” above), or otherwise “cover” its position in bond forwards in a manner consistent with the 1940 Act or the rules and SEC interpretations thereunder. As discussed in "Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments" below, the SEC adopted a final rule related to the use of derivatives, short sales, reverse repurchase agreements and certain other transactions by registered investment companies that will rescind and withdraw the guidance of the SEC and its staff regarding asset segregation and coverage transactions reflected in the Trust’s asset segregation and cover practices discussed herein.
BORROWING. Each Fund may borrow money to the extent set forth under “Investment Objectives and Policies.” The Funds do not intend to borrow for leverage purposes, except as may be set forth under “Investment Objectives and Policies.” Interest paid on borrowings will decrease the net earnings of a Fund and will not be available for investment.
CALL RISK. Call risk is the risk that an issuer, especially during periods of falling interest rates, may redeem a security by repaying it early. Issuers may call outstanding securities prior to their maturity due to a decline in interest rates, a change in credit spreads or changes to or improvements in the issuer’s credit quality. If an issuer calls a security in which a Fund has invested, the Fund may not recoup the full amount of its initial investment and may be forced to reinvest the money it receives in lower-yielding securities, securities with greater credit risks or securities with other, less favorable features. This could potentially lower the Fund’s income, yield and its distributions to shareholders.
CASH TRANSACTIONS RISK. A Fund may effect creations and redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than through in-kind distributions of securities. As a result, an investment in a Fund may be less tax-efficient than an investment in an ETF that primarily or wholly effects creations and redemptions in-kind. ETFs generally are able to make in-kind redemptions and thereby avoid being taxed on gain on the distributed portfolio securities at the Fund level. Because each Fund may effect redemptions partly or wholly for cash, rather than in-kind, it may be required to sell portfolio securities in order to obtain the cash needed to distribute redemption proceeds, which involves transaction costs. If a Fund realizes a gain on these sales, the Fund generally will be required to recognize a gain it might not otherwise have recognized, or to recognize such gain sooner than would be required if it were to distribute portfolio securities in-kind. Each Fund generally distributes these gains to shareholders to avoid capital gains taxes at the Fund level and the need to otherwise comply with the special tax rules that apply to such gains. This strategy may cause shareholders to be required to pay a tax on gains they would not otherwise have to pay or to pay such tax at an earlier date than would be the case if they had made an investment in a different ETF. Moreover, cash transactions may have to be carried out over several days if the securities markets are relatively illiquid at the time the Fund must sell securities and may involve considerable brokerage fees and taxes. These brokerage fees and taxes, which will be higher than if a Fund sold and redeemed its shares principally in-kind, will be passed on to purchasers and redeemers of Creation Units in the form of creation and redemption transaction fees. As a result of these factors, the spreads between the bid and the offered prices of a Fund’s shares may be wider than for shares of ETFs that transact primarily in-kind.
COMMODITIES REGULATORY RISK. Commodity-related companies are subject to significant federal, state and local government regulation in virtually every aspect of their operations, including how facilities are constructed, maintained and operated, environmental and safety controls, and the prices they may charge for the products and services they provide. In addition, certain derivatives (for example, interest rate swaps) are considered to be commodities for regulatory purposes. The CFTC and the exchanges are authorized to take extraordinary actions in the event of a market emergency, including, for example, the retroactive implementation of speculative position limits or higher margin requirements, the establishment of daily limits and the suspension of trading. Any of these actions, if taken, could adversely affect the returns of a Fund by limiting or precluding investment decisions the Fund might otherwise make. In addition, various national governments have expressed concern regarding the derivatives markets and the need to regulate such markets. Stricter laws, regulations or enforcement policies, with respect to the derivatives market, could be enacted in the future which would likely increase compliance costs and may adversely affect the operations and financial performance of commodity-related companies. The effect of any future regulatory change on a Fund is impossible to predict, but could be substantial and adverse to the Fund. Also, future regulatory developments may impact a Fund’s ability to invest in commodity-linked derivatives.
CONVERTIBLE SECURITIES. The market value of a convertible security typically performs like that of a regular debt security; this means that if market interest rates rise, the value of a convertible security usually falls. Convertible securities are also subject to the risk that the issuer will not be able to pay interest or dividends when due, and their market value may change based on
10

changes in the issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of the issuer’s creditworthiness. Since it derives a portion of its value from the common stock into which it may be converted, a convertible security is also subject to the same types of market and issuer risk that apply to the underlying common stock. A convertible security tends to perform more like a stock when the underlying stock price is high relative to the conversion price (because more of the security’s value resides in the option to convert) and more like a debt security when the underlying stock price is low relative to the conversion price (because the option to convert is less valuable).
Contingent Convertibles. Contingent convertible securities (“CoCos”) are a form of hybrid debt security that are intended to either convert into equity or have their principal written down upon the occurrence of certain “triggers.” The triggers are generally linked to regulatory capital thresholds or regulatory actions calling into question the issuing banking institution’s continued viability as a going-concern. CoCos’ unique equity conversion or principal write-down features are tailored to the issuing banking institution and its regulatory requirements. Some additional risks associated with CoCos include, but are not limited to:
Loss absorption risk CoCos have no stated maturity and have fully discretionary coupons. This means coupons can potentially be cancelled at the banking institution’s discretion or at the request of the relevant regulatory authority in order to help the bank absorb losses.
Subordinated instruments CoCos will, in the majority of circumstances, be issued in the form of subordinated debt instruments in order to provide the appropriate regulatory capital treatment prior to a conversion. Accordingly, in the event of liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of an issuer prior to a conversion having occurred, the rights and claims of the holders of the CoCos, such as the Funds, against the issuer in respect of or arising under the terms of the CoCos shall generally rank junior to the claims of all holders of unsubordinated obligations of the issuer. In addition, if the CoCos are converted into the issuer’s underlying equity securities following a conversion event (i.e., a “trigger”), each holder will be subordinated due to their conversion from being the holder of a debt instrument to being the holder of an equity instrument.
Market value will fluctuate based on unpredictable factors The value of CoCos is unpredictable and will be influenced by many factors including, without limitation: (i) the creditworthiness of the issuer and/or fluctuations in such issuer’s applicable capital ratios; (ii) supply and demand for the CoCos; (iii) general market conditions and available liquidity; and (iv) economic, financial and political events that affect the issuer, its particular market or the financial markets in general.
Synthetic Convertibles. Synthetic convertible securities involve the combination of separate securities that possess the two principal characteristics of a traditional convertible security (i.e., an income-producing component and a right to acquire an equity security). Synthetic convertible securities are often achieved, in part, through investments in warrants or options to buy common stock (or options on a stock index), and therefore are subject to the risks associated with derivatives. The value of a synthetic convertible security will respond differently to market fluctuations than a traditional convertible security because a synthetic convertible is composed of two or more separate securities or instruments, each with its own market value. Because the convertible component is typically achieved by investing in warrants or options to buy common stock at a certain exercise price, or options on a stock index, synthetic convertible securities are subject to the risks associated with derivatives. In addition, if the value of the underlying common stock or the level of the index involved in the convertible component falls below the exercise price of the warrant or option, the warrant or option may lose all value.
COUNTERPARTY RISK. With respect to certain transactions, such as over-the-counter derivatives contracts or repurchase agreements, a Fund will be exposed to the risk that the counterparty to the transaction may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations. In the event of a bankruptcy or insolvency of a counterparty, a Fund could experience delays in liquidating its positions and significant losses, including declines in the value of its investment during the period in which the Fund seeks to enforce its rights, the inability to realize any gains on its investment during such period and any fees and expenses incurred in enforcing its rights. A Fund also bears the risk of loss of the amount expected to be received under a derivative transaction in the event of the default or bankruptcy of a counterparty.
CREDIT RISK. Credit risk is the risk that the issuer of a security will not be able to make timely principal and interest payments. Changes in an issuer’s financial strength, credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may also affect the value of a Fund’s investment in that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation. Securities issued by the U.S. Treasury historically have presented minimal credit risk. However, in 2011, the long-term U.S. credit rating was downgraded by at least one major rating agency as a result of disagreements within the U.S. Government over raising the debt ceiling to repay outstanding obligations and this event introduced greater uncertainty about the future ability of the U.S. to repay its obligations due to political or other developments. A further credit rating downgrade or a U.S. credit default could decrease the value and increase the volatility of a Fund’s investments.
CREDIT RISK TRANSFER SECURITIES RISK. Credit risk transfer (“CRT”) securities are fixed income securities that transfer the credit risk related to certain types of mortgage backed securities (“MBS”) to the owner of the CRT. If the underlying mortgages default, the principal held by the owners of the CRT securities is used to pay back holders of the MBS. As a result, all or part of the mortgage default or credit risk associated with the underlying mortgage pools is transferred to a Fund. Therefore, a Fund could lose all or part of its investments in credit risk transfer securities in the event of default by the underlying mortgages.
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CURRENCY RISK. The risk that the value of the Fund’s investments in foreign securities or currencies will be affected by the value of the applicable currency relative to the U.S. dollar. When the Fund sells a foreign currency or foreign currency denominated security, its value may be worth less in U.S. dollars even if the investment increases in value in its local market. U.S. dollar-denominated securities of foreign issuers may also be affected by currency risk, as the revenue earned by issuers of these securities may also be affected by changes in the issuer’s local currency. Currency markets generally are not as regulated as securities markets. The dollar value of foreign investments may be affected by exchange controls. The Fund may be positively or negatively affected by governmental strategies intended to make the U.S. dollar, or other currencies in which the Fund invests, stronger or weaker. Currency risk may be particularly high to the extent that the Fund invests in foreign securities or currencies that are economically tied to emerging market countries.
CYBERSECURITY RISK. Cybersecurity breaches are either intentional or unintentional events that allow an unauthorized party to gain access to Fund assets, customer data, or proprietary information, or cause a Fund or Fund service provider to suffer data corruption or lose operational functionality. Intentional cybersecurity incidents include: unauthorized access to systems, networks, or devices (such as through “hacking” activity); infection from computer viruses or other malicious software code; and attacks that shut down, disable, slow, or otherwise disrupt operations, business processes, or website access or functionality. In addition, unintentional incidents can occur, such as the inadvertent release of confidential information.
A cybersecurity breach could result in the loss or theft of customer data or funds, the inability to access electronic systems (“denial of services”), loss or theft of proprietary information or corporate data, physical damage to a computer or network system, or costs associated with system repairs, any of which could have a substantial impact on the Funds. For example, in a denial of service, Fund shareholders could lose access to their electronic accounts indefinitely, and employees of the Investment Manager, the sub-adviser, or the Funds’ other service providers may not be able to access electronic systems to perform critical duties for the Funds, such as trading, NAV calculation, shareholder accounting, or fulfillment of Fund share purchases and redemptions. Cybersecurity incidents could cause the Funds, the Investment Manager, the sub-adviser, or other service provider to incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, compliance costs associated with corrective measures, or financial loss. They may also result in violations of applicable privacy and other laws. In addition, such incidents could affect issuers in which a Fund invests, thereby causing the Fund’s investments to lose value.
The Investment Manager, the sub-adviser, and their affiliates have established risk management systems that seek to reduce cybersecurity risks, and business continuity plans in the event of a cybersecurity breach. However, there are inherent limitations in such plans, including that certain risks have not been identified, and there is no guarantee that such efforts will succeed, especially since none of the Investment Manager, the sub-adviser, or their affiliates controls the cybersecurity systems of the Funds’ third-party service providers (including the Funds’ custodian), or those of the issuers of securities in which the Funds invest.
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS (ADRs, EDRs and GDRs). A Fund may invest in securities of foreign issuers in the form of depositary receipts or other securities that are convertible into securities of foreign issuers, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”) and Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”). ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company that evidence underlying securities issued by a foreign corporation. ADRs are traded on U.S. securities exchanges, or in over-the-counter markets, and are denominated in U.S. dollars. EDRs and GDRs are similar instruments that are issued in Europe (EDRs) or globally (GDRs), traded on foreign securities exchanges and denominated in foreign currencies. The value of a depositary receipt will fluctuate with the value of the underlying security, reflect changes in exchange rates and otherwise involve the same risks associated with the foreign securities that they evidence or into which they may be converted. A Fund may also invest in depositary receipts that are not sponsored by a financial institution (“Unsponsored Depositary Receipts”). Depositary Receipts are generally subject to the same risks as the foreign securities that they evidence or into which they may be converted. The issuers of Unsponsored Depositary Receipts are not obligated to disclose information that would be considered material in the United States. Therefore, there may be less information available regarding their issuers and there may not be a correlation between such information and the market value of the depositary receipts.
A Fund may also invest in Global Depositary Notes (“GDN”), a form of depositary receipt. A GDN is a debt instrument created by a bank that evidences ownership of a local currency-denominated debt security. An investment in GDNs involves further risks due to certain features of GDNs. GDNs emulate the terms (interest rate, maturity date, credit quality, etc.) of particular local currency-denominated bonds; however, they trade, settle, and pay interest and principal in U.S. dollars, and are Depository Trust Company/Euroclear/Clearstream eligible. Any distributions paid to the holders of GDNs are usually subject to a fee charged by the depositary. Certain investment restrictions in certain countries may adversely impact the value of GDNs because such restrictions may limit the ability to convert bonds into GDNs and vice versa. Such restrictions may cause bonds of the underlying issuer to trade at a discount or premium to the market price of the GDN. See also “Foreign Investments” below.
DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS. Each Fund may use instruments called derivatives or derivative instruments. A derivative is a financial instrument the value of which is derived from the value of one or more underlying securities, commodities, currencies, indices, debt instruments, other derivatives or any other agreed upon pricing index or arrangement (e.g., the movement over time of the Consumer Price Index or freight rates) (each an “Underlying Instrument”). Derivatives contracts are either physically settled, which means the parties trade the Underlying Instrument itself, or cash settled, which means the parties simply make cash
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payments based on the value of the Underlying Instrument (and do not actually deliver or receive the Underlying Instrument). Derivatives may allow a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk to which the Fund is exposed more quickly and efficiently than transactions in other types of instruments.
Many derivative contracts are traded on securities or commodities exchanges, the contract terms are generally standard, and the parties make payments due under the contracts through the exchange. Most exchanges require the parties to post margin against their obligations under the contracts, and the performance of the parties’ obligations under such contracts is usually guaranteed by the exchange or a related clearing corporation. Other derivative contracts are traded over-the-counter (“OTC”) in transactions negotiated directly between the counterparties. OTC derivative contracts do not have standard terms, so they are generally less liquid and more difficult to value than exchange-traded contracts. OTC derivatives also expose a Fund to additional credit risks to the extent a counterparty defaults on a contract. See “Additional Risk Factors and Considerations of OTC Transactions” below.
Depending on how a Fund uses derivatives and the relationships between the market values of the derivative and the Underlying Instrument, derivatives could increase or decrease a Fund’s exposure to the risks of the Underlying Instrument. Derivative contracts may also expose the Fund to additional liquidity and leverage risks. See “Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” below.
Each Fund may use derivatives for cash flow management or, as part of its overall investment strategy, to seek to replicate the performance of a particular index or to enhance returns. The use of derivatives to enhance returns is considered speculative because a Fund is primarily seeking to achieve gains rather than to offset, or hedge, the risks of other positions. When a Fund invests in a derivative for speculative purposes, the Fund is fully exposed to the risks of loss of that derivative, which may sometimes be greater than the cost of the derivative itself. No Fund may use any derivative to gain exposure to an asset or class of assets that it would be prohibited by its investment restrictions from purchasing directly.
Hedging Risk. Each Fund may use derivative instruments to offset the risks, or to “hedge” the risks, associated with other Fund holdings. For example, derivatives may be used to hedge against movements in interest rates, currency exchange rates and the equity markets through the use of options, futures transactions and options on futures. Derivatives may also be used to hedge against duration risk in fixed-income investments. Losses on one Fund investment may be substantially reduced by gains on a derivative that reacts to the same market movements in an opposite manner. However, while hedging can reduce losses, it can also reduce or eliminate gains or cause losses if the market moves in a manner different from that anticipated by the Fund or if the cost of the derivative offsets the advantage of the hedge.
Among other risks, hedging involves correlation risk, which is the risk that changes in the value of the derivative will not match (i.e., will not offset) changes in the value of the holdings being hedged as expected by a Fund. In such a case, any losses on the Fund holdings being hedged may not be reduced or may even be increased as a result of the use of the derivative. The inability to close options and futures positions also could have an adverse impact on a Fund’s ability effectively to hedge its portfolio.
There can be no assurance that the use of hedging transactions will be effective. No Fund is required to engage in hedging transactions, and each Fund may choose not to do so. A decision as to whether, when and how to hedge involves the exercise of skill and judgment, and even a well-conceived hedge may be unsuccessful to some degree because of market behavior or unexpected interest rate trends.
The Funds might not employ any of the derivatives strategies described below, and there can be no assurance that any strategy used will succeed. A Fund’s success in employing derivatives strategies may depend on the sub-adviser’s correctly forecasting interest rates, market values or other economic factors, and there can be no assurance that the sub-adviser’s forecasts will be accurate. If the sub-adviser’s forecasts are not accurate, the Fund may end up in a worse position than if derivatives strategies had not been employed at all. A Fund’s ability to use certain derivative transactions may be limited by tax considerations and certain other legal considerations. Further, suitable derivative transactions might not be available at all times or in all circumstances. Described below are certain derivative instruments and trading strategies the Funds may use (either separately or in combination) in seeking to achieve their overall investment objectives.
Options Contracts. An options contract, or an “option,” is a type of derivative. An option is an agreement between two parties in which one gives the other the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an Underlying Instrument at a set price (the “exercise price” or “strike price”) for a specified period of time, or to receive a cash settlement payment. The buyer of an option pays a premium for the opportunity to decide whether to carry out the transaction (exercise the option) when it is beneficial. The option seller (writer) receives the initial premium and is obligated to carry out the transaction if and when the buyer exercises the option. Options can trade on exchanges or in the OTC market and may be bought or sold on a wide variety of Underlying Instruments. Options that are written on futures contracts, or futures options (discussed below), are subject to margin requirements similar to those applied to futures contracts. A Fund may engage in options transactions on any security or instrument in which it may invest, on any securities index based on securities in which it may invest or on any aggregates of equity and debt securities consisting of securities in which it may invest (aggregates are composites of equity or debt securities that are not tied to a commonly known index). The Funds may also enter into options on foreign currencies. As with futures and swaps (discussed below), the success of
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any strategy involving options depends on the sub-adviser’s analysis of many economic and mathematical factors, and a Fund’s return may be higher if it does not invest in such instruments at all. A Fund may only write “covered” options. The sections below describe certain types of options and related techniques that the Funds may use.
Call Options A call option gives the holder the right to purchase the Underlying Instrument at the exercise price, or to receive a cash settlement payment, for a fixed period of time. A Fund would typically purchase a call option in anticipation of an increase in value of the Underlying Instrument because owning the option allows the Fund to participate in price increases on a more limited risk basis than if the Fund had initially directly purchased the Underlying Instrument. If, during the option period, the market value of the Underlying Instrument exceeds the exercise price, plus the option premium paid by the Fund and any transaction costs the Fund incurs in purchasing the option, the Fund realizes a gain upon exercise of the option. Otherwise, the Fund realizes either no gain or a loss on its purchase of the option.
A Fund is also permitted to write (i.e., sell) “covered” call options, which obligate a Fund, in return for the option premium, to sell the Underlying Instrument to the option holder for the exercise price, or to make a cash settlement payment, if the option is exercised at any time before or on its expiration date. In order for a call option to be covered, a Fund must have at least one of the following in place with respect to the option and for so long as the option is outstanding: (i) the Fund owns the Underlying Instrument subject to the option (or, in the case of an option on an index, owns securities whose price changes are expected to be similar to those of the underlying index), (ii) the Fund has an absolute and immediate right to acquire the Underlying Instrument without additional cash consideration (or for additional cash consideration so long as the Fund segregates such additional cash amount) upon conversion or exchange of other securities in its portfolio, (iii) the Fund enters into an offsetting forward contract and/or purchases an offsetting option or any other option that, by virtue of its exercise price or otherwise, reduces the Fund’s net exposure on its written option position, or (iv) the Fund segregates assets with an aggregate value equal to the exercise price of the option.
A Fund would typically write a call option to generate income from the option premium and/or in anticipation of a decrease, or only a limited increase (i.e., an increase that is less than the option premium received by the Fund in writing the option), in the market value of the Underlying Instrument. In writing a call option, however, a Fund would not profit if the market value of the Underlying Instrument increases to an amount that exceeds the sum of the exercise price plus the premium received by the Fund. Also, a Fund cannot sell the Underlying Instrument while the option is in effect unless the Fund enters into a closing purchase transaction. A closing purchase transaction cancels out the Fund’s position as option writer by means of an offsetting purchase of an identical option prior to the expiration or exercise of the option it has written.
Put Options A put option gives the holder the right to sell the Underlying Instrument at the exercise price, or to receive a cash settlement payment, for a fixed period of time. A Fund would typically purchase a put option in anticipation of a decline in market values of securities. This limits the Fund’s potential for loss in the event that the market value of the Underlying Instrument falls below the exercise price.
A Fund is also permitted to write covered put options on the securities or instruments in which it may invest. In order for a put option to be covered, a Fund must have at least one of the following in place with respect to the option and for so long as the option is outstanding: (i) the Fund enters into an offsetting forward contract and/or purchases an offsetting option or any other option that, by virtue of its exercise price or otherwise, reduces the Fund’s net exposure on its written option position or (ii) the Fund segregates assets or cash with an aggregate value equal to the exercise price of the option.
A Fund would typically write a put option on an Underlying Instrument to generate income from premiums and in anticipation of an increase or only a limited decrease in the value of the Underlying Instrument. However, as writer of the put and in return for the option premium, a Fund takes the risk that it may be required to purchase the Underlying Instrument at a price in excess of its market value at the time of purchase. Because the purchaser may exercise its right under the option contract at any time during the option period, a Fund has no control over when it may be required to purchase the Underlying Instrument unless it enters into a closing purchase transaction.
Collars and Straddles A Fund may employ collars, which are options strategies in which a call with an exercise price greater than the price of the Underlying Instrument (an “out-of-the-money call”) is sold and an in-the-money put (where the exercise price is again above the price of the Underlying Instrument) is purchased, to preserve a certain return within a predetermined range of values. A Fund may also write covered straddles consisting of a combination of a call and a put written on the same Underlying Instrument. A straddle is covered when sufficient assets are deposited to meet a Fund’s immediate obligations. A Fund may use the same liquid assets to cover both the call and put options where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, a Fund will also segregate or designate on their books liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is “in the money.”
Options on Indices A Fund is permitted to invest in options on any index made up of securities or other instruments in which the Fund itself may invest. Options on indices are similar to options on securities except that index options are always cash settled, which means that upon exercise of the option the holder receives cash equal to the difference between the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option times a specified multiple that determines the total monetary value for each point of such difference. As with other written options, all index options written by a Fund must be covered.
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Risks Associated with Options There are several risks associated with options transactions. For example, there are significant differences between the options market and the securities markets that could result in imperfect correlation between the two markets. Such imperfect correlation could then cause a given transaction to fail to achieve its objectives. Options are also subject to the risks of an illiquid secondary market, whether those options are traded over-the-counter or on a national securities exchange. There can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market on an options exchange will exist for any particular exchange-traded option at any particular time. If a Fund is unable to effect a closing purchase transaction with respect to options it has written, the Fund will not be able to sell the Underlying Instruments or dispose of the segregated assets used to cover the options until the options expire or are exercised. Similarly, if a Fund is unable to effect a closing sale transaction with respect to options it has purchased, it would have to exercise the options in order to realize any profit and would incur transaction costs upon the purchase or sale of the Underlying Instruments. Moreover, a Fund’s ability to engage in options transactions may be limited by tax considerations and other legal considerations.
The presence of a liquid secondary market on an options exchange may dry up for any or all of the following reasons: (i) there may be insufficient trading interest in certain options; (ii) the exchange may impose restrictions on opening or closing transactions or both; (iii) the exchange may halt or suspend trading, or impose other restrictions, on particular classes or series of options; (iv) unusual or unforeseen circumstances may interrupt normal exchange operations; (v) the facilities of the exchange or its related clearing corporation may at times be inadequate to handle trading volume; and/or (vi) one or more exchanges could, for economic or other reasons, decide or be compelled at some future date to discontinue the trading of options (or particular classes or series of options), in which event the secondary market on that exchange (or in such classes or series of options) would cease to exist. However, if the secondary market on an exchange ceases to exist, it would be expected (though it cannot be guaranteed) that outstanding options on that exchange, if any, that had been issued as a result of trades on that exchange would continue to be exercisable in accordance with their terms.
A Fund’s options transactions will also be subject to limitations, established by exchanges, boards of trade or other trading facilities, governing the maximum number of options in each class that may be written or purchased by any single investor or a group of investors acting in concert. As such, the number of options any single Fund can write or purchase may be affected by options already written or purchased by other Hartford Funds. An exchange, board of trade or other trading facility may order the liquidation of positions found to be in excess of these limits and/or impose sanctions. Also, the hours of trading for options may not conform to the hours during which the Underlying Instruments are traded. To the extent that the options markets close before the markets for the Underlying Instruments, significant price movements can take place in the underlying markets that would not be reflected in the options markets.
OTC options implicate additional liquidity and credit risks. Unlike exchange-listed options, where an intermediary or clearing corporation assures that the options transactions are properly executed, the responsibility for performing OTC options transactions rests solely on the writer and holder of those options. See “Additional Risk Factors and Considerations of OTC Transactions” below.
The writing and purchase of options is a highly specialized activity that involves investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio securities transactions. The successful use of options depends on the sub-adviser’s ability to predict correctly future price fluctuations and the degree of correlation between the options and securities markets. See “Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” below.
Additional Risk Associated with Options on Indices The writer’s payment obligation under an index option (which is a cash-settled option) usually equals a multiple of the difference between the exercise price, which was set at initiation of the option, and the closing index level on the date the option is exercised. As such, index options implicate a “timing risk” that the value of the underlying index will change between the time the option is exercised by the option holder and the time the obligation thereunder is settled in cash by the option writer.
Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts. A futures contract, which is a type of derivative, is a standardized, exchange-traded contract that obligates the purchaser to take delivery, and the seller to make delivery, of a specified quantity of an Underlying Instrument at a specified price and specified future time, or to make a cash settlement payment. A Fund is generally permitted to invest in futures contracts and options on futures contracts with respect to, but not limited to, equity and debt securities and foreign currencies, aggregates of equity and debt securities (aggregates are composites of equity or debt securities that are not tied to a commonly known index), interest rates, indices, commodities and other financial instruments.
No price is paid upon entering into a futures contract. Rather, when a Fund purchases or sells a futures contract it is required to post margin (“initial margin”) with the futures commission merchant (“FCM”) executing the transaction. The margin required for a futures contract is usually less than 10% of the contract value, but it is set by the exchange on which the contract is traded and may by modified during the term of the contract. Subsequent payments, known as “variation margin,” to and from the FCM, will then be made daily as the currency, financial instrument or securities index underlying the futures contract fluctuates (a process known as “marking to market”). If a Fund has insufficient cash available to meet daily variation margin requirements, it might need to sell securities at a time when such sales are disadvantageous. Futures involve substantial leverage risk.
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An option on a futures contract (“futures option”) gives the option holder the right (but not the obligation) to buy or sell its position in the underlying futures contract at a specified price on or before a specified expiration date. As with a futures contract itself, a Fund is required to deposit and maintain margin with respect to futures options it writes. Such margin deposits will vary depending on the nature of the underlying futures contract (and the related initial margin requirements), the current market value of the option and other futures positions held by the Fund.
The sale of a futures contract limits a Fund’s risk of loss, prior to the futures contract’s expiration date, from a decline in the market value of portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract. In the event the market values of the portfolio holdings correlated with the futures contract increase rather than decrease, however, a Fund will realize a loss on the futures position and a lower return on the portfolio than would have been realized without the purchase of the futures contract.
Positions taken in the futures markets are usually not held to maturity but instead liquidated through offsetting transactions that may result in a profit or loss. While the Fund’s futures contracts will usually be liquidated in this manner, a Fund may instead make or take delivery of the Underlying Instrument whenever it appears economically advantageous to do so.
A Fund is permitted to enter into a variety of futures contracts, including interest rate futures, index futures, currency futures and commodity futures, and options on such futures contracts. A Fund may also invest in instruments that have characteristics similar to futures contracts, such as debt securities with interest or principal payments determined by reference to the value of a security, an index of securities or a commodity or currency at a future point in time. The risks of such investments reflect the risks of investing in futures and derivatives generally, including volatility and illiquidity.
Risks Associated with Futures and Futures Options The primary risks associated with the use of futures contracts and options are: (a) imperfect correlation between the change in market value of instruments held by a Fund and the price of the futures contract or option; (b) the possible lack of an active market for a futures contract or option, or the lack of a liquid secondary market for a futures option, and the resulting inability to close the futures contract or option when desired; (c) losses, which are potentially unlimited, caused by unanticipated market movements; (d) the sub-adviser’s failure to predict correctly the direction of securities prices, interest rates, currency exchange rates and other economic factors; and (e) the possibility that the counterparty will default in the performance in its obligations. Futures contracts and futures options also involve brokerage costs, require margin deposits and, in the case of contracts and options obligating a Fund to purchase securities or currencies, require the Fund to segregate assets to cover such contracts and options. Moreover, futures are inherently volatile, and a Fund’s ability to engage in futures transactions may be limited by tax considerations and other legal considerations.
U.S. futures exchanges and some foreign exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation in futures contract prices which may occur in a single business day (generally referred to as “daily price fluctuation limits”). The maximum or minimum price of a contract as a result of these limits is referred to as a “limit price.” If the limit price has been reached in a particular contract, no trades may be made beyond the limit price. Limit prices have the effect of precluding trading in a particular contract or forcing the liquidation of contracts at disadvantageous times or prices.
Additional Considerations of Commodity Futures Contracts In addition to the risks described above, there are several additional risks associated with transactions in commodity futures contracts. In particular, the costs to store underlying physical commodities are reflected in the price of a commodity futures contract. To the extent that storage costs for an underlying commodity change while a Fund is invested in futures contracts on that commodity, the value of the futures contract may change proportionately. Further, the commodities that underlie commodity futures contracts may be subject to additional economic and non-economic variables, such as drought, floods, weather, livestock disease, embargoes, tariffs and international economic, political and regulatory developments and may be subject to broad price fluctuations.
Other Considerations Related to Options and Futures Options A Fund will engage in transactions in futures contracts and related options only to the extent such transactions are consistent with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the “Code”) for maintaining qualification as a regulated investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Swap Agreements and Swaptions. A swap agreement, or a swap, is a type of derivative instrument. Swap agreements are entered into for periods ranging from a few weeks to more than one year. In a standard swap, two parties exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on an Underlying Instrument. The gross returns to be exchanged (or “swapped”) between the parties are calculated with respect to a “notional amount,” which is a predetermined dollar principal that represents the hypothetical underlying quantity upon which the parties’ payment obligations are computed. The notional amount may be, among other things, a specific dollar amount invested, for example, at a particular interest rate, in a particular foreign currency or in a “basket” of securities or commodities that represents a particular index. The notional amount itself normally is not exchanged between the parties, but rather it serves as a reference amount from which to calculate the parties’ obligations under the swap.
A Fund will usually enter into swap agreements on a “net basis,” which means that the two payment streams are netted out with each party receiving or paying, as the case may be, only the net amount of the payments. A Fund’s obligations under a swap agreement are generally accrued daily (offset against any amounts owing to the Fund), and accrued but unpaid net amounts owed to a counterparty are covered by segregating liquid assets, marked to market daily, to avoid leveraging the Fund’s portfolio. If a Fund enters into a swap on other than a net basis, the Fund will segregate the full amount of its obligations under such swap. A Fund may
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enter into swaps, caps, collars, floors and related instruments with member banks of the Federal Reserve System, members of the New York Stock Exchange or other entities determined by the sub-adviser to be creditworthy. If a default occurs by the other party to such transaction, a Fund will have contractual remedies under the transaction documents, but such remedies may be subject to bankruptcy and insolvency laws that could affect the Fund’s rights as a creditor.
A Fund may engage in a wide variety of swap transactions, including, but not limited to, credit- and event-linked swaps, interest rate swaps, swaps on specific securities or indices, swaps on rates (such as mortgage prepayment rates) and other types of swaps, such as caps, collars, and floors. In addition, to the extent a Fund is permitted to invest in foreign currency-denominated securities, it may invest in currency swaps. A Fund may also enter into options on swap agreements (“swaptions”). Depending on how they are used, swap agreements may increase or decrease the overall volatility of a Fund’s investments and its share price and yield. The sections below describe certain swap arrangements and related techniques that the Funds may use.
Interest Rate Swaps, Caps, Floors and Collars An interest rate swap is a contract in which the parties exchange interest rate exposures (e.g., exchange floating rate payments for fixed rate payments or vice versa). For example, a $10 million London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) swap requires one party to pay the equivalent of the London Interbank Offered Rate of Interest (which fluctuates) on the $10 million principal amount in exchange for the right to receive from the other party the equivalent of a stated fixed rate of interest on the $10 million principal amount.
Among other techniques, a Fund may use interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate and duration risk on fixed-income securities or portfolios, which can be particularly sensitive to interest rate changes. Duration measures the sensitivity in prices of fixed-income securities to changes in interest rates; the duration of a portfolio or basket of bonds is the weighted average of the individual component durations. Longer maturity bonds typically have a longer duration than shorter maturity bonds and, therefore, higher sensitivity to interest rate changes. In an environment where interest rates are expected to rise, a Fund may use interest rate swaps to hedge interest rate and duration risk across a portfolio at particular duration points (such as two-, five- and 10- year duration points).
A Fund may also purchase or sell interest rate caps or floors. In a typical interest rate cap, the buyer receives payments from the seller to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds a predetermined level. In a typical interest rate floor, the buyer receives payments from the seller to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below a predetermined level. An interest rate collar combines elements of purchasing a cap and selling a floor and is usually employed to preserve a certain return within a predetermined range of values.
Commodity Swaps A commodity swap agreement is a contract in which one party agrees to make periodic payments to another party based on the change in market value of a commodity-based Underlying Instrument (such as a specific commodity or commodity index) in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from another commodity-based Underlying Instrument. In a total return commodity swap, a Fund receives the price appreciation of a commodity index, a portion of a commodity index or a single commodity in exchange for paying an agreed-upon fee. As with other types of swap agreements, if the commodity swap lasts for a finite period of time, the swap may be structured such that the Fund pays a single fixed fee established at the outset of the swap. However, if the term of the commodity swap is ongoing, with interim swap payments, the Fund may pay a variable or “floating” fee. Such a variable fee may be pegged to a base rate, such as LIBOR, and is adjusted at specific intervals. As such, if interest rates increase over the term of the swap contract, the Fund may be required to pay a higher fee at each swap reset date. See “LIBOR Risk” below.
Currency Swaps A currency swap agreement is a contract in which two parties exchange one currency (e.g., U.S. dollars) for another currency (e.g., Japanese yen) on a specified schedule. The currency exchange obligations under currency swaps could be either interest payments calculated on the notional amount or payments of the entire notional amount (or a combination of both). The Funds may engage in currency swap agreements as a tool to protect against uncertainty and fluctuations in foreign exchange rates in the purchase and sale of securities. However, the use of currency swap agreements does not eliminate, or even always mitigate, potential losses arising from fluctuations in exchange rates. In the case of currency swaps that involve the delivery of the entire notional amount of currency in exchange for another currency, the entire notional principal of the currency swap is subject to the risk that the counterparty will default on its contractual delivery obligations.
Credit Default Swaps A credit default swap (“CDS”) is an agreement between two parties whereby one party (the “protection buyer”) makes an up-front payment or a stream of periodic payments over the term of the CDS to the other party (the “protection seller”), provided generally that no event of default or other credit-related event (a “credit event”) with respect to an Underlying Instrument occurs. In return, the protection seller agrees to make a payment to the protection buyer if a credit event does occur with respect to the Underlying Instrument. The CDS market allows a Fund to manage credit risk through buying and selling credit protection on a specific issuer, asset or basket of assets. Credit default swaps typically last between six months and three years, provided that no credit event occurs. Credit default swaps may be physically settled or cash settled.
A Fund may be either the protection buyer or the protection seller in a CDS. A Fund generally will not buy protection on issuers that are not currently held by the Fund. However, a Fund may engage in credit default swap trades on single names, indices and baskets to manage asset class exposure and to capitalize on spread differentials in instances where there is not complete overlap between the Fund’s holdings or exposures and the reference entities in the credit default swap. If the Fund is the protection buyer
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and no credit event occurs, the Fund loses its entire investment in the CDS (i.e., an amount equal to the aggregate amount of payments made by the Fund to the protection seller over the term of the CDS). However, if a credit event does occur, the Fund (as protection buyer), will deliver the Underlying Instrument to the protection seller and is entitled to a payment from the protection seller equal to the full notional value of the Underlying Instrument, even though the Underlying Instrument at that time may have little or no value. If the Fund is the protection seller and no credit event occurs, the Fund receives a fixed income throughout the term of the CDS (or an up-front payment at the beginning of the term of the CDS) in the form of payments from the protection buyer. However, if the Fund is the protection seller and a credit event occurs, the Fund is obligated to pay the protection buyer the full notional value of the Underlying Instrument in return for the Underlying Instrument (which may at that time be of little or no value).
A Fund may also invest in the Dow Jones CDX (“CDX”), which is a family of indices that track credit derivative indices in various countries around the world. The CDX provides investors with exposure to specific reference baskets of issuers of bonds or loans in certain segments, such as North American investment grade credit derivatives or emerging markets. CDX reference baskets are generally priced daily and rebalanced every six months in conjunction with leading market makers in the credit industry. While investing in CDXs increases the universe of bonds and loans to which a Fund is exposed, such investments entail risks that are not typically associated with investments in other debt instruments (rather, they entail risks more associated with derivative instruments). The liquidity of the market for CDXs is also subject to liquidity in the secured loan and credit derivatives markets.
Total return swaps, asset swaps, inflation swaps and similar instruments A Fund may enter into total return swaps, asset swaps, inflation swaps and other types of swap agreements. In a total return swap, the parties exchange the total return (i.e., interest payments plus any capital gains or losses) of an Underlying Instrument (or basket of such instruments) for the proceeds of another Underlying Instrument (or basket of such instruments). Asset swaps combine an interest rate swap with a bond and are generally used to alter the cash flow characteristics of the Underlying Instrument. For example, the parties may exchange a fixed investment, such as a bond with guaranteed coupon payments, for a floating investment like an index. Inflation swaps are generally used to transfer inflation risk. See “Inflation-Linked Instruments” herein.
Swaptions A Fund may also enter into swap options, or “swaptions.” A swaption is a contract that gives one party the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of the option premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement at some designated future time and on specified terms. A Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swaptions. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, a Fund will generally incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swaption than it will incur when it purchases a swaption. When a Fund purchases a swaption, it risks losing only the option premium it paid should it decide not to exercise the option. When a Fund writes a swaption, however, it is obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement if the option holder exercises the option.
Risks Associated with Swaps and Swaptions Investing in swaps and swaptions, and utilizing these and related techniques in managing a Fund portfolio, are highly specialized activities that involve investment techniques and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio transactions. These investments involve significant risk of loss. Whether a Fund’s use of swaps will be successful in furthering its investment objective will depend on the sub-adviser’s ability to predict correctly whether certain types of investments are likely to produce greater returns than other investments. If the sub-adviser is incorrect in its forecast of market values, the sub-adviser’s utilization of swap arrangements and related techniques could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.
The swaps market is largely unregulated. It is possible that developments in the swaps market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements. Also, certain restrictions imposed by the Code may limit a Fund’s ability to use swap agreements.
If the creditworthiness of a Fund’s swap counterparty declines, it becomes more likely that the counterparty will fail to meet its obligations under the contract, and consequently the Fund will suffer losses. Although there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to do so, a Fund may be able to reduce or eliminate its exposure under a swap agreement either by assignment or other disposition, or by entering into an offsetting swap agreement with the same party or another creditworthy party. However, a Fund may have limited ability to eliminate its exposure under a credit default swap if the credit of the reference entity or underlying asset has declined. There can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to enter into swap transactions at prices or on terms the sub-adviser believes are advantageous to the Fund. In addition, although the terms of swaps, caps, collars and floors may provide for termination, there can be no assurance that a Fund will be able to terminate a swap or to sell or offset caps, collars or floors that it has purchased. Investing in swaps and related techniques involves the risks associated with investments in derivative instruments. See “Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” and “Additional Risk Factors and Considerations of OTC Transactions” below.
Inflation-Linked Instruments. A Fund is permitted to invest in a variety of inflation-linked instruments, such as inflation-indexed securities and inflation-linked derivatives, to manage inflation risk or to obtain inflation exposure. Inflation a general rise in the prices of goods and services is measured by inflation indices like the Consumer Price Index (CPI), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Retail Prices Index (RPI), which is calculated by the U.K. Office for National Statistics. The CPI is a measurement of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy.
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Inflation-linked derivatives are derivative instruments that tie payments to an inflation index. Currently, most inflation derivatives are in the form of inflation swaps, such as CPI swaps. A CPI swap is a fixed-maturity, over-the-counter derivative where one party pays a fixed rate in exchange for payments tied to the CPI. The fixed rate, which is set by the parties at the initiation of the swap, is often referred to as the “breakeven inflation” rate and generally represents the current difference between Treasury yields and Treasury inflation protected securities (“TIPS”) yields of similar maturities at the initiation of the swap agreement. CPI swaps are typically designated as “zero coupon,” where all cash flows are exchanged at maturity. The value of a CPI swap is expected to fluctuate in response to changes in the relationship between nominal interest rates and the rate of inflation, as measured by the CPI. A CPI swap can lose value if the realized rate of inflation over the life of the swap is less than the fixed market implied inflation rate (the breakeven inflation rate) the investor agreed to pay at the initiation of the swap.
Other types of inflation derivatives include inflation options and futures. There can be no assurance that the CPI, or any foreign inflation index, will accurately measure the rate of inflation in the prices of consumer goods and services. Further, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States. Moreover, inflation-linked instruments are subject to the risks inherent in derivative transactions generally. See “Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” herein. The market for inflation-linked instruments is still developing. The sub-adviser reserves the right to use the instruments discussed above and similar instruments that may be available in the future.
Hybrid Instruments. A hybrid instrument is an interest in an issuer that combines the characteristics of an equity security, a debt security, a commodity and/or a derivative. For example, an oil company might issue a commodity-linked bond that pays a fixed level of interest plus additional interest that accrues in correlation with the extent to which oil prices exceed a certain predetermined level. This is a hybrid instrument combining a bond with an option on oil.
Depending on the types and terms of hybrid instruments, they present risks that may be similar to, different from or greater than those associated with more traditional investments with similar characteristics. Hybrid instruments are potentially more volatile than more traditional investments and, depending on the structure of the particular hybrid, may expose a Fund to additional leverage and liquidity risks. Moreover, the purchase of hybrids exposes a Fund to the credit risk of the issuers of the hybrids. Described below are certain hybrid instruments a Fund may use in seeking to achieve its investment objective. Each sub-adviser reserves the right to use the instruments mentioned below and similar instruments that may be available in the future.
Credit-Linked Securities. Credit-linked securities are issued by a limited purpose trust or other vehicle that, in turn, invests in a basket of derivative instruments, such as credit default swaps, interest rate swaps and other securities. Investments in credit-linked securities normally consist of the right to receive periodic payments during the term and payment of principal at the end of the term. However, these payments depend on the issuer’s own investments in derivative instruments and are, accordingly, subject to the risks associated with derivative instruments, which include volatility, illiquidity and counterparty risk.
Indexed Securities and Structured Notes. Indexed securities are derivative securities the interest rate or principal of which is determined by an unrelated indicator (e.g., a currency, security, commodity or index). Structured notes are debt indexed securities. Indexed securities implicate a high degree of leverage, which magnifies the potential for gain and the risk of loss, when they include a multiplier that multiplies the indexed element by a specific factor.
Structured notes and indexed securities can be very volatile investments because, depending on how they are structured, their value may either increase or decrease in response to the value of the Underlying Instruments. The terms of these securities may also provide that in some instances no principal is due at maturity, which may result in a loss of invested capital. These instruments also may entail a greater degree of market risk than other types of securities because the investor bears the risk not only of the instrument but also of the unrelated indicator. Indexed securities may involve significant credit risk and liquidity risk and, as with other sophisticated strategies, a Fund’s use of these instruments may not work as intended.
Event-Linked Bonds. A Fund may invest in “event-linked bonds” (or “catastrophe bonds”). The event-linked bond market is a growing sector of the global fixed income market that provides investors with high return potentials in exchange for taking on “event risk,” such as the risk of a major hurricane, earthquake or pandemic. If such trigger event occurs, a Fund may lose a portion or its entire principal invested in the bond. Some event-linked bonds provide for an extension of maturity to process and audit loss claims if a trigger has, or possibly has, occurred. Such extension may increase volatility. Event-linked bonds may also expose a Fund to other unanticipated risks including credit risk, counterparty risk, liquidity risk, adverse regulatory or jurisdictional interpretations and adverse tax consequences. Event-linked bonds are subject to the risks inherent in derivative transactions. See “Derivative Instruments Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” below.
Foreign Currency Transactions. A Fund also may purchase and sell foreign currency options and foreign currency futures contracts and futures options, and may engage in foreign currency transactions either on a spot (cash) basis at prevailing currency exchange rates or through forward currency contracts. A Fund may engage in these transactions to hedge, directly or indirectly, against currency fluctuations, for other investment purposes and/or to seek to enhance returns. A Fund may enter into currency transactions only with counterparties that a sub-adviser deems to be creditworthy. Certain of the foreign currency transactions a Fund may use are described below.
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Forward Currency Contracts A Fund may enter into forward currency contracts (“forwards”) in connection with settling purchases or sales of securities, to hedge the currency exposure associated with some or all of the Fund’s investments or as part of its investment strategy. Forwards are contracts to purchase or sell a specified amount of a specified currency or multinational currency unit at a set price or to make a cash settlement payment on a future date. The market value of a forward fluctuates with changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Forwards are marked to market daily based upon foreign currency exchange rates from an independent pricing service, and the change in value is recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. A Fund will record a realized gain or loss when the forward is closed. Forwards are highly volatile, involve substantial currency risk and may also involve credit and liquidity risks.
A Fund may use a forward in a “settlement hedge,” or “transaction hedge,” to lock in the U.S. dollar price on the purchase or sale of securities denominated in a foreign currency between the time when the security is purchased or sold and the time at which payment is received. Forward contracts on foreign currency may also be used by a Fund in anticipation generally of the Fund’s making investments denominated in a foreign currency, even if the specific investments have not yet been selected by the sub-adviser.
In a “position hedge,” a Fund uses a forward contract to hedge against a decline in the value of existing investments denominated in foreign currency. For example, a Fund may enter into a forward contract to sell Japanese yen in return for U.S. dollars in order to hedge against a possible decline in the yen’s value. Position hedges tend to offset both positive and negative currency fluctuations. Alternately, a Fund could hedge its position by selling another currency expected to perform similarly to the Japanese yen. This is called a “proxy hedge” and may offer advantages in terms of cost, yield or efficiency. However, proxy hedges may result in losses if the currency used to hedge does not move in tandem with the currency in which the hedged securities are denominated.
A Fund may also engage in cross-hedging by entering into forward contracts in one currency against a different currency. Cross-hedging may be used to limit or increase exposure to a particular currency or to establish active exposure to the exchange rate between the two currencies.
Options on foreign currencies are affected by the factors that influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally. A Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions on foreign currency options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid secondary market, and there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time.
Forward Rate Agreements A Fund may also enter into forward rate agreements. Under a forward rate agreement, the buyer locks in an interest rate at a future settlement date. If the interest rate on the settlement date exceeds the lock rate, the buyer pays the seller the difference between the two rates. If the lock rate exceeds the interest rate on the settlement date, the seller pays the buyer the difference between the two rates. Any such gain received by a Fund would be taxable. These instruments may be traded in the OTC market. These transactions involve risks, including counterparty risk. See “Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments” below.
Currency Swaps, Options and Futures In order to protect against currency fluctuations and for other investment purposes, the Funds may enter into currency swaps, options and futures. Options on foreign currencies are affected by the factors that influence foreign exchange rates and investments generally. A Fund’s ability to establish and close out positions on foreign currency options is subject to the maintenance of a liquid secondary market, and there can be no assurance that a liquid secondary market will exist for a particular option at any specific time. See “Swap Agreements and Swaptions Currency Swaps,” “Options Contracts,” and “Futures Contracts and Options on Futures Contracts” herein.
Additional Risks Associated with Foreign Currency Transactions It is extremely difficult to forecast currency market movements, and whether any hedging or other investment strategy will be successful is highly uncertain. Further, it is impossible to forecast with precision the market value of portfolio securities at the expiration of a foreign currency forward. Therefore, a Fund may be required to buy or sell additional currency on the spot market (and bear the expense of such transaction) if the sub-adviser’s predictions regarding the movement of foreign currency or securities markets prove inaccurate. To the extent a Fund hedges against anticipated currency movements that do not occur, the Fund may realize losses and reduce its total return as a result of its hedging transactions. It is impossible to hedge fully or perfectly against the effects of currency fluctuations on the value of non-U.S. securities because currency movements impact the value of different securities in differing degrees.
A Fund may buy or sell foreign currency options either on exchanges or in the OTC market. Foreign currency transactions on foreign exchanges may not be regulated to the same extent as similar transactions in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, foreign securities. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex foreign political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) delays in a Fund’s ability to act upon economic events occurring in foreign markets during non-business hours in the United States, (iv) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and margin requirements than in the United States and (v) lesser trading volume. Foreign currency transactions are also subject to the risks inherent in investments in foreign markets. See “Foreign Investments” below.
Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments. Derivatives are volatile and involve significant risks, including:
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Correlation Risk the risk that changes in the value of a derivative instrument will not match the changes in the value of the Fund holdings that are being hedged.
Counterparty Risk the risk that the party on the other side of an OTC derivatives contract or a borrower of a Fund’s securities may be unable or unwilling to make timely principal, interest or settlement payments, or otherwise to honor its obligations.
Credit Risk the risk that the issuer of a security will not be able to make timely principal and interest payments. Changes in an issuer’s credit rating or the market’s perception of an issuer’s creditworthiness may affect the value of a Fund’s investment in and/or exposure to that issuer. The degree of credit risk depends on both the financial condition of the issuer and the terms of the obligation.
Currency Risk the risk that changes in the exchange rate between currencies will adversely affect the value (in U.S. dollar terms) of an investment.
Index Risk in respect of index-linked derivatives, the risks associated with changes in the underlying indices. If an underlying index changes, a Fund may receive lower interest payments or experience a reduction in the value of the derivative to below what the Fund paid. Certain indexed securities, including inverse securities (which move in an opposite direction from the reference index), may create leverage to the extent that they increase or decrease in value at a rate that is a multiple of the changes in the applicable index.
Interest Rate Risk the risk that the value of an investment may decrease when interest rates rise because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk (interest rate risk is commonly measured by a fixed income investment’s duration). Falling interest rates also create the potential for a decline in a Fund’s income.
Leverage Risk the risk associated with certain types of investments or trading strategies (for example, borrowing money to increase the amount being invested) that relatively small market movements may result in large changes in the value of an investment. Certain investments or trading strategies that involve leverage can result in losses that substantially exceed the amount originally invested.
Liquidity Risk the risk that certain securities may be difficult or impossible to sell at the time that the seller would like to sell them or at the price the seller believes the security is currently worth.
Tax Risk The tax treatment of a derivative may not be as favorable as a direct investment in the underlying asset. The use of derivatives may adversely affect the timing, character and amount of income the Fund realizes from its investments, and could impair the ability of the sub-adviser to use derivatives when it wishes to do so.
Short Position Risk - A Fund may also take a short position in a derivative instrument, such as a future, forward or swap. A short position in a derivative instrument involves the risk of a theoretically unlimited increase in the value of the underlying instrument which could cause a Fund to suffer a (potentially unlimited) loss.
The potential loss on derivative instruments may be substantial relative to the initial investment therein. A Fund incurs transaction costs in opening and closing positions in derivative instruments. There can be no assurance that the use of derivative instruments will be advantageous.
Recent SEC Regulatory Change - In late October 2020, the SEC adopted new Rule 18f-4 related to the use of derivatives and certain other transactions by registered investment companies that will, at the time of the compliance date, rescind and withdraw the guidance of the SEC and the SEC staff regarding asset segregation and coverage. Under Rule 18f-4, each Fund will need to trade derivatives and other transactions that potentially create senior securities (except reverse repurchase agreements) subject to a value-at-risk (“VaR”) leverage limit, certain other testing and derivatives risk management program requirements and requirements related to board reporting. These new requirements will apply unless a Fund qualifies as a “limited derivatives user,” as defined in Rule 18f-4. Reverse repurchase agreements will continue to be subject to the current asset coverage requirements, and a Fund trading reverse repurchase agreements will need to aggregate the amount of indebtedness associated with the reverse repurchase agreements or similar financing transactions with the aggregate amount of any other senior securities representing indebtedness when calculating the Fund’s asset coverage ratio (unless the Fund determines to treat such agreements and transactions as derivatives for all purposes under the rule). Reverse repurchase agreements will not be included in the calculation of whether a Fund is a limited derivatives user (unless the Fund determines to treat such agreements and transactions as derivatives for all purposes under the rule), but if the Fund is subject to the VaR testing, reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions will be included for purposes of such testing. The SEC also provided guidance in connection with the new rule regarding the use of securities lending collateral that may limit the Trust’s securities lending activities. Compliance with these new requirements will be required after an eighteen-month transition period. Following the compliance date, these new requirements may limit a fund's ability to use derivatives and reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions as part of the Fund's investment strategies. These new requirements may increase the cost of a Fund’s investments and cost of doing business, which could adversely affect investors.
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Regulatory Aspects of Derivatives and Hedging Instruments. As a result of amendments to rules under the Commodity Exchange Act (“CEA”) by the CFTC, HFMC must either operate within certain guidelines and restrictions with respect to a Fund’s use of futures, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps, or be subject to registration with the CFTC as a “commodity pool operator” (“CPO”) with respect to the Fund and be required to operate the Fund in compliance with certain disclosure, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements.
Under current CFTC rules, the investment adviser of a registered investment company may claim an exemption from registration as a CPO only if the registered investment company that it advises uses futures contracts, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps solely for “bona fide hedging purposes,” or limits its use of such instruments for non-bona fide hedging purposes to certain de minimis amounts.
HFMC has filed a notice of eligibility claiming an exclusion from the definition of the term CPO and, therefore, each such Fund is not subject to registration or regulation as a CPO under the CEA. Consistent with the investment strategies of certain other funds it manages, HFMC intends to maintain the flexibility to use futures contracts, options on such futures, commodity options and certain swaps for non-bona fide hedging purposes beyond the de minimis amounts provided under the CFTC rules. For this reason, HFMC is subject to registration and regulation as a CPO under the CEA with respect to its service as investment adviser to these funds. In the event that a Fund for which HFMC is not currently registered with or regulated by the CFTC engages in transactions that require registration as a CPO in the future, HFMC will comply with applicable regulations. If HFMC operates a Fund subject to CFTC regulation, the fund may incur additional expenses.
Additional Risk Factors and Considerations of OTC Transactions. Certain derivatives traded in OTC markets, including swaps, OTC options and indexed securities, involve substantial liquidity risk. This risk may be increased in times of financial stress if the trading market for OTC derivatives contracts or otherwise becomes restricted. The absence of liquidity may make it difficult or impossible for a Fund to ascertain a market value for such instruments and/or to sell them promptly and at an acceptable price.
Because derivatives traded in OTC markets are not guaranteed by an exchange or clearing corporation, to the extent that a Fund has unrealized gains in such instruments or has deposited collateral with its counterparty, the Fund is at risk that its counterparty will become bankrupt or otherwise fail to honor its obligations. The counterparty’s failure to honor its obligations would result in the loss of any premium paid by a Fund as well as the loss of any expected benefit of the transaction. Certain swaps traded in the OTC markets require exchange of variation margin payments between the parties, which can reduce but does not eliminate counterparty credit risk. In addition, closing transactions can be made for OTC options only by negotiating directly with the counterparty or effecting a transaction in the secondary market (if any such market exists). There can be no assurance that a Fund will in fact be able to close out an OTC option position at a favorable price prior to expiration. In the event of insolvency of the counterparty, a Fund might be unable to close out an OTC option at any time prior to its expiration, if at all.
DOLLAR ROLLS. A Fund may enter into “dollar rolls” in which a Fund sells securities for delivery in the current month and simultaneously contracts with the same counterparty to repurchase substantially similar (same type, coupon and maturity) but not identical securities on a specified future date. A Fund gives up the right to receive principal and interest paid on the securities sold. However, a Fund would benefit to the extent that the price received for the securities sold is higher than the forward price for the future purchase plus any fee income received. Unless such benefits exceed the income and capital appreciation that would have been realized on the securities sold as part of the dollar roll, the use of this technique would adversely affect the Fund’s investment performance. The benefits derived from the use of dollar rolls may depend, among other things, upon the ability of a Fund’s sub-adviser to predict interest rates correctly. There can be no assurance that dollar rolls can be successfully employed. In addition, if a Fund uses dollar rolls while remaining substantially fully invested, the amount of a Fund’s assets that are subject to market risk would exceed such Fund’s net asset value, which could result in increased volatility of the price of the Fund’s shares. Further, entering into dollar rolls involves potential risks that are different from those related to the securities underlying the transactions. For example, if the counterparty becomes insolvent, a Fund’s right to purchase from the counterparty may be restricted. Also, the value of the underlying security may change adversely before a Fund is able to purchase it, or a Fund may be required to purchase securities in connection with a dollar roll at a higher price than may be otherwise available on the open market. Further, because the counterparty may deliver a similar, but not identical, security, a Fund may be required to buy a security under the dollar roll that may be of less value than an identical security would have been.
EXCHANGE TRADED FUNDS (ETFs). ETFs are registered investment companies that trade their shares on stock exchanges (such as the NYSE Arca, Cboe BZX, and NASDAQ) at market prices (rather than net asset value) and only are redeemable from the fund itself in large increments or in exchange for baskets of securities. As an exchange traded security, an ETF’s shares are priced continuously and trade throughout the day. ETFs may track a securities index, a particular market sector, a particular segment of a securities index or market sector, or they may be actively managed. An investment in an ETF generally implicates the following risks: (i) the same primary risks as an investment in a fund that is not exchange-traded that has the same investment objectives, strategies and policies of the ETF; (ii) the risk that the ETF may fail to accurately track the market segment or index that underlies its investment objective; (iii) the risk that, to the extent the ETF does not fully replicate the underlying index, the ETF’s investment strategy may not produce the intended results; (iv) the risk of more frequent price fluctuations due to secondary market trading, which may result in a loss to the Fund; (v) the risk that an ETF may trade at a price that is lower than its net asset value; and (vi) the
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risk that an active market for the ETF’s shares may not develop or be maintained. Also, a Fund will indirectly pay a proportional share of the asset-based fees of the ETFs in which it invests. ETFs are also subject to specific risks depending on the nature of the ETF, such as liquidity risk, sector risk and foreign and emerging market risk, as well as risks associated with fixed income securities, real estate investments and commodities. An investment in an ETF presents the risk that the ETF may no longer meet the listing requirements of any applicable exchanges on which the ETF is listed. Further, trading in an ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the securities held by an ETF is halted.
Generally, the Funds will not purchase securities of an investment company (which would include an ETF) if, as a result: (1) more than 10% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of other investment companies; (2) such purchase would result in more than 3% of the total outstanding voting securities of any such investment company being held by the Fund; or (3) more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in any one such investment company. Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act permits funds to invest in an ETF’s shares beyond the above statutory limitations, subject to certain conditions set forth in the rule. The Funds may rely on Rule 12d1-4 to invest in ETFs.
EXCHANGE TRADED NOTES (ETNs). ETNs are a type of unsecured, unsubordinated debt security that have characteristics and risks similar to those of fixed-income securities, including credit risk, and trade on a major exchange similar to shares of ETFs. Unlike other types of fixed income securities, however, the performance of ETNs is based upon that of a market index or other reference asset minus fees and expenses, no coupon payments are made and no principal protection exists. The value of an ETN may be affected by time to maturity, level of supply and demand for the ETN, volatility and lack of liquidity in underlying commodities or securities markets, changes in the applicable interest rates, changes in the issuer’s credit rating and economic, legal, political or geographic events that affect the referenced commodity or security. A Fund’s ability to sell its ETN holdings also may be limited by the availability of a secondary market and a Fund may have to sell such holdings at a discount. ETNs also are subject to counterparty credit risk, fixed-income risk and tracking error risk (where the ETN’s performance may not match or correlate to that of its market index). ETNs also incur certain expenses not incurred by their applicable index.
EVENT RISK. Event risk is the risk that corporate issuers may undergo restructurings, such as mergers, leveraged buyouts, takeovers or similar events financed by the issuer’s taking on additional debt. As a result of the added debt, the credit quality and market value of a company’s bonds and/or other debt securities may decline significantly.
FIXED INCOME MARKET RISKS. The fixed income markets at times have experienced periods of extreme volatility that have negatively impacted a broad range of mortgage- and asset-backed and other fixed income securities, including those rated investment grade, the U.S. and international credit and interbank money markets generally, and a wide range of financial institutions and markets, asset classes and sectors. As a result, fixed income instruments have at times experienced reduced liquidity, increased price volatility, credit downgrades and increased likelihood of default. Domestic and international equity markets have also experienced heightened volatility and turmoil that has particularly affected issuers with exposure to the real estate, mortgage and credit markets. During times of market turmoil, investors tend to look to the safety of securities issued or backed by the U.S. Treasury, causing the prices of these securities to rise, and their yields to decline. These events as well as continuing market upheavals may have an adverse effect on the Funds and may result in increased selling of Fund shares.
In 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”) placed Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) into conservatorship. As the conservator, FHFA succeeded to all rights, titles, powers and privileges of FNMA and FHLMC and of any stockholder, officer or director of FNMA and FHLMC with respect to FNMA and FHLMC and the assets of FNMA and FHLMC.
Under the Federal Housing Finance Regulatory Reform Act of 2008 (the “Reform Act”), which was included as part of the Housing and Economic Recovery Act of 2008, FHFA, as conservator or receiver, has broad authority to promote the orderly administration of FNMA’s and FHLMC’s affairs, including the power to repudiate any contract entered into by FNMA or FHLMC prior to FHFA’s appointment as conservator or receiver, as applicable, and the right to transfer or sell any asset or liability of FNMA or FHLMC without any approval, assignment or consent. Although FHFA has indicated that it has no present intention to repudiate or to transfer any guaranty obligations, holders of FNMA or FHLMC mortgage-backed securities would be adversely affected in the event that the FHFA exercised either of these powers granted to it under the Reform Act. In addition, certain rights provided to holders of mortgage-backed securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC under the operative documents related to such securities may not be enforced against FHFA, or enforcement of such rights may be delayed, during the conservatorship or any future receivership. The operative documents for FNMA and FHLMC mortgage-backed securities may provide (or with respect to securities issued prior to the date of the appointment of the conservator may have provided) that upon the occurrence of an event of default on the part of FNMA or FHLMC, in its capacity as guarantor, which includes the appointment of a conservator or receiver, holders of such mortgage-backed securities have the right to replace FNMA or FHLMC as trustee if the requisite percentage of mortgage-backed securities holders consent. The Reform Act prevents mortgage-backed security holders from enforcing such rights if the event of default arises solely because a conservator or receiver has been appointed.
In addition, following the global financial crisis, the Federal Reserve attempted to stabilize the economy and support the economic recovery by keeping the federal funds rate (the interest rate at which depository institutions lend reserve balances to other depository institutions overnight) at or near zero percent. Although interest rates remain near historic lows, the Federal
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Reserve has taken steps in recent years to raise the federal funds rate and is expected to continue to do so in the near term. In addition, as part of its monetary stimulus program known as quantitative easing, the Federal Reserve purchased on the open market large quantities of securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government, its agencies or instrumentalities. The Federal Reserve discontinued purchasing securities through its quantitative easing program in 2014 and has since focused on reducing its holdings in such securities. To the extent that the Federal Reserve reduces its holdings in securities and raises the federal funds rate, there is a risk that interest rates across the financial industry will rise. A general rise in interest rates has the potential to cause investors to move out of fixed-income securities on a large scale, which may increase redemptions from funds that hold large amounts of fixed-income securities.
FIXED INCOME SECURITIES. The Funds are permitted to invest in fixed income securities including, but not limited to: (1) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or instrumentalities; (2) non-convertible debt securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or other issuers (including foreign issuers); (3) asset-backed securities; (4) mortgage-related securities, including collateralized mortgage obligations (“CMOs”); (5) securities issued or guaranteed as to principal or interest by a foreign issuer, including supranational entities such as development banks, non-U.S. corporations, banks or bank holding companies or other foreign issuers; (6) commercial mortgage-backed securities; and (7) other capital securities issued or guaranteed by U.S. corporations or other issuers (including foreign issuers).
FOREIGN INVESTMENTS. A Fund may invest in foreign issuers and borrowers, which include: (1) companies organized outside of the United States, including in emerging market countries; (2) foreign sovereign governments and their agencies, authorities, instrumentalities and political subdivisions, including foreign states, provinces or municipalities; and (3) issuers and borrowers whose economic fortunes and risks are primarily linked with markets outside the United States. These securities may be denominated or quoted in, or pay income in, U.S. dollars or in a foreign currency. Certain companies organized outside the United States may not be deemed to be foreign issuers or borrowers if the issuer’s or borrower’s economic fortunes and risks are primarily linked with U.S. markets.
Investing in securities of foreign issuers and loans to foreign borrowers involves considerations and potential risks not typically associated with investing in obligations issued by U.S. entities. Less information may be available about foreign entities compared with U.S. entities. For example, foreign issuers and borrowers generally are not subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards or to other regulatory practices and requirements comparable to those applicable to U.S. issuers and borrowers. In addition, prices of foreign securities may fluctuate more than prices of securities traded in the United States. Other potential foreign market risks include difficulties in pricing securities, defaults on foreign government securities, difficulties in enforcing favorable legal judgments in foreign courts and political and social conditions, such as diplomatic relations, confiscatory taxation, expropriation, limitation on the removal of funds or assets or imposition of (or change in) exchange control regulations. Legal remedies available to investors in certain foreign countries may be less extensive than those available to investors in the United States or other foreign countries. In addition, changes in government administrations or economic or monetary policies in the United States or abroad could result in appreciation or depreciation of portfolio securities. Any of these actions could severely affect security prices, impair a Fund’s ability to purchase or sell foreign securities or transfer the Fund’s assets or income back into the United States, or otherwise adversely affect a Fund’s operations.
Recent geopolitical events in the European Union (particularly in Greece and Italy) and in China may disrupt securities markets and adversely affect global economies and markets. Such developments could lead to increased short-term market volatility and may have adverse long-term effects on world economies and markets generally. Those events as well as other changes in regional economic and political conditions could adversely affect individual issuers or related groups of issuers, securities markets, interest rates, credit ratings, inflation, investor sentiment, and other factors affecting the value of a Fund’s investments. Given the increasing interdependence among global economies and markets, conditions in one country, market, or region might adversely affect markets, issuers, and/or foreign exchange rates in other countries.
A default or debt restructuring by any European country would adversely impact holders of that country’s debt, and sellers of credit default swaps linked to that country’s creditworthiness (which may be located in other countries). These events may have an adverse effect on the value and exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect the economies of every country in Europe, including European Union member countries that do not use the euro and non-European Union member countries. If any member country exits the European Monetary Union, the departing country would face the risks of currency devaluation and its trading partners and banks and others around the world that hold the departing country’s debt would face the risk of significant losses. In addition, the resulting economic instability of Europe and the currency markets in general could have a severe adverse effect on the value of securities held by a Fund.
Certain European countries in which a Fund may invest have recently experienced significant volatility in financial markets and may continue to do so in the future. The impact of the United Kingdom’s departure from the European Union, commonly known as “Brexit,” and the potential departure of one or more other countries from the European Union may have significant political and financial consequences for global markets. These consequences include greater market volatility and illiquidity, currency
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fluctuations, deterioration in economic activity, a decrease in business confidence and an increased likelihood of a recession in such markets. Uncertainty relating to the United Kingdom’s departure may have adverse effects on asset valuations and the renegotiation of current trade agreements, as well as an increase in financial regulation in such markets. This may adversely impact Fund performance.
Currency Risk and Exchange Risk. Because foreign securities generally are denominated and pay dividends or interest in foreign currencies, the value of a Fund that invests in foreign securities as measured in U.S. dollars will be affected by changes in exchange rates. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency loses value because the currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. Conversely, when the U.S. dollar decreases in value against a foreign currency, a security denominated in that currency gains value because the currency is worth more U.S. dollars. This risk, generally known as “currency risk,” means that a stronger U.S. dollar will reduce returns for U.S. investors while a weak U.S. dollar will increase those returns. Moreover, transaction costs are incurred in connection with conversions between currencies.
Linked Notes. A Fund may invest in debt exchangeable for common stock, debt, currency or equity-linked notes and similar linked securities (e.g., zero-strike warrants) (“LNs”), which are derivative securities, typically issued by a financial institution or special purpose entity, the performance of which depends on the performance of a corresponding foreign security or index. Upon redemption or maturity, the principal amount or redemption amount is payable based on the price level of the linked security or index at the time of redemption or maturity, or is exchanged for corresponding shares of common stock. LNs are generally subject to the same risks as direct holdings of securities of foreign issuers and non-dollar securities, including currency risk and the risk that the amount payable at maturity or redemption will be less than the principal amount of a note because the price of the linked security or index has declined. LNs are also subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the company issuing the LN may fail to pay the full amount due at maturity or redemption. A Fund may also have difficulty disposing of LNs because there may be restrictions on redemptions and there may be no market or only a thin trading market in such securities.
Settlement Risk. Settlement and clearance procedures in certain foreign markets differ significantly from those in the United States. Foreign settlement procedures and trade regulations may involve certain risks (such as delays in payment for or delivery of securities) not typically generated in the settlement of U.S. investments. Settlements in certain foreign countries at times have not kept pace with the number of securities transactions being undertaken; these problems may make it difficult for a Fund to carry out transactions. If a Fund cannot settle or is delayed in settling a purchase of securities, it may miss attractive investment opportunities and certain of its assets may remain uninvested with no return earned thereon for some period. There may also be the danger that, because of uncertainties in the operation of settlement systems in individual markets, competing claims may arise in respect of securities held by or to be transferred to a Fund. Further, compensation schemes may be non-existent, limited or inadequate to meet a Fund’s claims in any of these events. In connection with any of these events, and other similar circumstances, a Fund may experience losses because of failures of or defects in settlement systems.
There are additional and magnified risks involved with investments in emerging or developing markets, which may exhibit greater price volatility and risk of principal, have less liquidity and have settlement arrangements that are less efficient than in developed markets. In addition, the economies of emerging market countries generally are heavily dependent on international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade. Emerging market economies also have been and may continue to be adversely affected by economic conditions in the countries with which they trade. See “Investments in Emerging Market Securities” below.
GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION IN FINANCIAL MARKETS. From time to time, governments including the U.S. Government - may take actions that directly affect the financial markets. During the 2008 global financial crisis, for example, instability in the financial markets led the U.S. Government to take a number of unprecedented actions designed to support certain financial institutions and segments of the financial markets that experienced extreme volatility and, in some cases, a lack of liquidity. Federal, state, and other governments, their regulatory agencies or self-regulatory organizations may in the future take actions that affect the regulation of the instruments in which a Fund invests, or the issuers of such instruments, in ways that are unforeseeable. Legislation or regulation may also change the way in which the Funds themselves are regulated. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank Act”) provides for widespread regulation of financial institutions, consumer financial products and services, broker-dealers, over-the-counter derivatives, investment advisers, credit rating agencies and mortgage lending, which expands federal oversight in the financial sector and may affect the investment management industry as a whole. The Dodd-Frank Act leaves many issues to be resolved by regulatory studies and rulemakings, and in some cases further remedial legislation, by deferring their resolution to a future date. This legislation, as well as additional legislation and regulatory changes that may be enacted in the future, could change the fund industry as a whole and limit or preclude a Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective.
Governments or their agencies may also acquire distressed assets from financial institutions and acquire ownership interests in those institutions. The implications of government ownership and disposition of these assets are unclear, and such programs may have positive or negative effects on the liquidity, valuation and performance of a Fund’s portfolio holdings. Furthermore, volatile financial markets can expose the Funds to greater market and liquidity risk and potential difficulty in valuing
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portfolio instruments held by the Funds. The Funds have established procedures to assess the liquidity of portfolio holdings and to value instruments for which market prices may not be readily available. HFMC and the sub-adviser will monitor developments and seek to manage the Funds in a manner consistent with achieving each Fund’s investment objective, but there can be no assurance that they will be successful in doing so.
HIGH YIELD INVESTMENTS (“JUNK BONDS”). Any security or loan with a long-term credit rating of “Ba” or lower by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”), “BB” or lower by Standard and Poor’s Corporation (“S&P”) or “BB” or lower by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”), as well as any security or loan that is unrated but determined by the sub-adviser to be of comparable quality, is below investment grade.
Securities and bank loans rated below investment grade are commonly referred to as “high yield-high risk debt securities,” “junk bonds,” “leveraged loans” or “emerging market debt,” as the case may be. Each rating category has within it different gradations or sub-categories. For instance the “Ba” rating for Moody’s includes “Ba3”, “Ba2” and “Ba1”. Likewise the S&P and Fitch rating category of “BB” includes “BB+”, “BB” and “BB-”. If a Fund is authorized to invest in a certain rating category, the Fund is also permitted to invest in any of the sub-categories or gradations within that rating category. Descriptions of the debt securities and bank loans ratings system, including the speculative characteristics attributable to each ratings category, are set forth in Appendix A to this SAI.
Although junk bonds generally pay higher rates of interest than investment grade bonds, junk bonds are high risk investments that may cause income and principal losses for a Fund. Junk bonds may be issued by less creditworthy issuers. Issuers of junk bonds may have a larger amount of outstanding debt relative to their assets than issuers of investment grade bonds. In the event of an issuer’s bankruptcy, claims of other creditors may have priority over the claims of junk bond holders, leaving few or no assets available to repay junk bond holders. Junk bonds are also subject to extreme price fluctuations. Adverse changes in an issuer’s industry and general economic conditions may have a greater impact on the prices of junk bonds than on other higher rated fixed income securities. Further, issuers of junk bonds may be unable to meet their interest or principal payment obligations because of an economic downturn, specific issuer developments or the unavailability of additional financing.
In addition, junk bonds frequently have redemption features that permit an issuer to repurchase the security before it matures. If an issuer redeems junk bonds owned by a Fund, the Fund may have to invest the proceeds in bonds with lower yields and may lose income. Junk bonds may also be less liquid than higher rated fixed income securities, even under normal economic conditions. Moreover, there are relatively few dealers in the junk bond market, and there may be significant differences among these dealers’ price quotes. Because they are less liquid, judgment may play a greater role in valuing these securities than is the case with securities that trade in a more liquid market.
A Fund may incur expenses to the extent necessary to seek recovery upon default or to negotiate new terms with a defaulting issuer. The credit rating of a junk bond does not necessarily take into account its market value risk. Ratings and market value may change from time to time, positively or negatively, to reflect new developments regarding the issuer. These securities and bank loans generally entail greater risk (including the possibility of default or bankruptcy of the issuer), involve greater volatility of price and risk to principal and income and may be less liquid than securities and bank loans in higher rating categories. Securities and bank loans in the highest category below investment grade are considered to be of poor standing and predominantly speculative with respect to the issuer’s capacity to pay interest and repay principal in accordance with the terms of the obligations. As such, these investments often have reduced values that, in turn, negatively impact the value of a Fund’s shares. If a security or bank loan is downgraded to a rating category that does not qualify for investment, the sub-adviser will use its discretion on whether to hold or sell based upon its opinion on the best method to maximize value for shareholders over the long term.
Distressed Securities. A Fund may invest in debt securities issued by companies that are involved in reorganizations, financial restructurings or bankruptcy. Investments in such distressed securities are speculative and involve substantial risks in addition to the risks of investing in junk bonds. A Fund will generally not receive interest payments on the distressed securities and may incur costs to protect its investment. In addition, distressed securities involve the substantial risk that principal will not be repaid. These securities may present a substantial risk of default or may be in default at the time of investment. A Fund may incur additional expenses to the extent it is required to seek recovery upon a default in the payment of principal of or interest on its portfolio holdings. In any reorganization or liquidation proceeding relating to a portfolio company, a Fund may lose its entire investment or may be required to accept cash or securities, including equity securities, with a value less than its original investment. Distressed securities and any securities received in an exchange for such securities may be subject to restrictions on resale, and sales may be possible only at substantial discounts. Distressed securities and any securities received in exchange for such securities may also be difficult to value and/or liquidate.
ILLIQUID INVESTMENTS. An illiquid investment means an investment that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions within seven calendar days without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment, as determined under the Fund’s liquidity risk management program. A Fund may not be able to sell illiquid securities or other investments when a sub-adviser considers it desirable to do so or may have to sell such securities or other
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investments at a price that is lower than the price that could be obtained if the securities or other investments were more liquid. Illiquid investments also may be more difficult to value due to the lack of reliable market quotations for such securities or investments, and investments in them may have an adverse impact on a Fund’s net asset value.
Securities and other investments purchased by a Fund that are liquid at the time of purchase may subsequently become illiquid due to events relating to the issuer of the security, market events, economic conditions or investor perceptions. Domestic and foreign markets are becoming more and more complex and interrelated such that events in one sector of the market or the economy, or in one geographical region, can reverberate and have negative consequences for other market, economic or regional sectors in a manner that may not be reasonably foreseen. With respect to OTC securities, the continued viability of any OTC secondary market depends on the continued willingness of dealers and other participants to purchase the securities.
If one or more instruments in a Fund’s portfolio become illiquid, the Fund may exceed its limit on illiquid instruments. If this occurs, the Fund must take steps to bring the aggregate amount of illiquid instruments back within the prescribed limitations as soon as reasonably practicable. However, this requirement will not force a Fund to liquidate any portfolio instrument where the Fund would suffer a loss on the sale of that instrument.
INFLATION PROTECTED DEBT SECURITIES. A Fund may invest in inflation-protected debt securities, which are fixed income securities whose principal value is periodically adjusted according to the rate of inflation. Two structures are common. The U.S. Treasury and some other issuers use a structure that accrues inflation into the principal value of the security. Most other issuers pay out the inflation accruals as part of a semiannual coupon.
The value of inflation protected securities generally fluctuates in response to changes in real interest rates (stated interest rates adjusted to factor in inflation). In general, the price of an inflation-indexed security decreases when real interest rates increase, and increases when real interest rates decrease.
Interest payments on inflation protected debt securities will fluctuate as the principal and/or interest is adjusted for inflation and can be unpredictable. The U.S. Treasury only began issuing Treasury inflation-protection securities ("TIPS") in 1997, and corporations began issuing corporate inflation protected securities (“CIPS”) even more recently. As a result, the market for such securities may be less developed or liquid, and more volatile, than certain other securities markets. There can be no assurance that the inflation index used in these securities (i.e., the CPI) will accurately measure the real rate of inflation. Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-indexed bond will be considered taxable ordinary income for the amount of the increase in the calendar year, even though a Fund will not receive its principal until maturity. Although corporate inflation protected securities with different maturities may be issued in the future, the U.S. Treasury currently issues TIPS in five-year, ten-year and twenty-year maturities, and CIPS are currently issued in five-year, seven-year and ten-year maturities. Repayment of the original security principal upon maturity (as adjusted for inflation) is generally guaranteed in the case of TIPS, even during a period of deflation. However, the current market value of the securities is not guaranteed and will fluctuate. Other inflation related securities, such as CIPS, may not provide a similar guarantee. If a guarantee of principal is not provided, the adjusted principal value of the security repaid at maturity may be less than the original principal.
While these securities are expected to be protected from long-term inflationary trends, short-term increases in inflation may lead to declines in value. If interest rates rise due to reasons other than inflation (for example, due to changes in currency exchange rates), investors in these securities may not be protected to the extent that the increase is not reflected in the security’s inflation measure.
The periodic adjustment of U.S. inflation-protected debt securities is tied to the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (“CPI-U”), which is calculated monthly by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The CPI-U is an index of changes in the cost of living, made up of components such as housing, food, transportation and energy. Inflation-protected debt securities issued by a foreign government are generally adjusted to reflect a comparable inflation index calculated by that government. There can be no assurance that the CPI-U or any foreign inflation index will accurately measure the real rate of inflation in the prices of goods and services. Moreover, there can be no assurance that the rate of inflation in a foreign country will be correlated to the rate of inflation in the United States.
Any increase in the principal amount of an inflation-protected debt security will be considered taxable ordinary income, even though investors do not receive their principal until maturity.
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGS. The prices of securities purchased in initial public offerings (“IPOs”) can be very volatile and/or decline shortly after the IPO. Securities issued in IPOs have no trading history, and information about the issuing companies may be available for only very limited periods. Some of the companies involved in new industries may be regarded as developmental stage companies, without revenues or operating income, or the near-term prospects of them. Many IPOs are by small- or micro-cap companies that are undercapitalized. The effect of IPOs on a Fund’s performance depends on a variety of factors, including the number of IPOs the Fund invests in relative to the size of the Fund and whether and to what extent a security purchased in an IPO appreciates and depreciates in value. Although investments in IPOs have the potential to produce substantial gains in a short period of time, there is no assurance that a Fund will have access to profitable IPOs, that any particular IPO will be successful, or that any gains will be sustainable. Investors should not rely on past gains attributable to IPOs as an indication of future performance.
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INTEREST RATE RISK. Interest rate risk is the risk that an investment held by a Fund may go down in value when interest rates rise because when interest rates rise, the prices of bonds and fixed rate loans fall. Generally, the longer the maturity of a bond or fixed rate loan, the more sensitive it is to this risk. For this reason, the longer a Fund’s average weighted portfolio maturity, the greater the impact a change in interest rates will have on its share price. A variety of factors can cause interest rates to rise, including central bank monetary policies and inflation rates. Falling interest rates may also lead to a decline in a Fund’s income. Interest rates in the United States are near historic lows. This may increase a Fund’s exposure to risks associated with rising rates, which may be particularly relevant for a Fund under current economic conditions in which interest rates remain near historic lows. To the extent the Federal Reserve Board (the “Fed”) raises interest rates, there is a risk that interest rates across the U.S. financial system may rise. Actions taken by the Fed or foreign central banks to stimulate or stabilize economic growth, such as decreases or increases in short-term interest rates, may adversely affect markets, which could, in turn, negatively impact Fund performance. Moreover, rising interest rates may lead to decreased liquidity in the bond markets, making it more difficult for a Fund to value or sell some or all of its bond holdings at any given time. A rise in interest rates could also cause investors to rapidly move out of fixed-income securities, which may increase redemptions in a Fund and subject the Fund to increased liquidity risk. A substantial increase in interest rates may also have an adverse impact on the liquidity of one or more portfolio securities, especially those with longer maturities. Moreover, in response to the outbreak of COVID-19, as with other serious economic disruptions, governmental authorities and regulators are enacting significant fiscal and monetary policy changes, including, among other things, lowering interest rates. Interest rates in the United States are currently at historically low levels. During periods when interest rates are low (or negative), a Fund’s yield (or total return) may also be low and fall below zero. Very low or negative interest rates may magnify interest rate risk. Changing interest rates, including rates that fall below zero, may have unpredictable effects on markets, may result in heightened market volatility and may detract from Fund performance to the extent a Fund is exposed to such interest rates and/or volatility. Certain European countries and Japan have pursued negative interest rate policies. A negative interest rate policy is an unconventional central bank monetary policy tool where nominal target interest rates are set with negative value intended to help create self-sustaining growth in the local economy. To the extent a Fund holds a debt instrument with a negative interest rate, the Fund would generate a negative return on that investment. If negative interest rates become more prevalent in the market, investors may seek to reallocate their investment to other income-producing assets, which could further reduce the value of instruments with a negative yield.
INTERFUND LENDING PROGRAM. The Funds have received exemptive relief from the SEC, which permits the Funds to participate in an interfund lending program. The interfund lending program allows the participating Funds to borrow money from and loan money to each other for temporary or emergency purposes. All interfund loans would consist only of uninvested cash reserves that the lending Fund otherwise would invest in short-term repurchase agreements or other short-term instruments. A Fund may participate in the interfund lending program only to the extent that such participation is consistent with the Fund’s investment objectives, restrictions, policies, and limitations.
The program is subject to a number of conditions designed to ensure fair and equitable treatment of all participating Funds, including the following: (1) no Fund may borrow money through the program unless it receives a more favorable interest rate than a rate approximating the lowest interest rate at which bank loans would be available to any of the participating Funds under a loan agreement; and (2) no Fund may lend money through the program unless it receives a more favorable return than that available from an investment in repurchase agreements. Interfund loans and borrowings have a maximum duration of seven days, and loans may be called on one business day’s notice. If a Fund has outstanding bank borrowings, any interfund loan to the Fund would: (a) be at an interest rate equal to or lower than that of any outstanding bank loan, (b) be secured at least on an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding bank loan that requires collateral, (c) have a maturity no longer than any outstanding bank loan (and in any event not over seven days), and (d) provide that, if an event of default occurs under any agreement evidencing an outstanding bank loan to the Fund, that event of default will automatically (without need for action or notice by the lending Fund) constitute an immediate event of default under the interfund lending agreement, entitling the lending Fund to call the interfund loan (and exercise all rights with respect to any collateral), and cause such call to be made if the lending bank exercises its right to call its loan under its agreement with the borrowing Fund.
A Fund may borrow on an unsecured basis through the interfund lending program only if its outstanding borrowings from all sources immediately after the borrowing total 10% or less of its total assets, provided that if the Fund has a secured loan outstanding from any other lender, including but not limited to another Fund, the Fund’s borrowing will be secured on at least an equal priority basis with at least an equivalent percentage of collateral to loan value as any outstanding loan that requires collateral. If a borrowing Fund’s total outstanding borrowings immediately after an interfund loan under the interfund lending program exceed 10% of its total assets, the Fund may borrow through the interfund lending program on a secured basis only. A Fund may not borrow under the interfund lending program or from any other source if its total outstanding borrowings immediately after the borrowing would be more than 33  1 3 % of its total assets or any lower threshold provided for by the Fund’s investment restrictions.
No Fund may lend to another Fund through the interfund lending program if the loan would cause the lending Fund’s aggregate outstanding loans through the interfund lending program to exceed 15% of its current net assets at the time of the loan. A Fund’s interfund loans to any one fund shall not exceed 5% of the lending fund’s net assets.
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Funds participating in the interfund lending program are subject to certain risks. A Fund borrowing through the program may have to borrow from a bank at a higher interest rate if an interfund loan is called or not renewed. Any delay in repayment to a lending Fund could result in a lost investment opportunity or additional costs. As of October 30, 2020, each Fund does not engage in interfund lending.
INVERSE FLOATING RATE SECURITIES. Inverse floating rate securities, also called inverse floaters or residual interest bonds, are variable-rate securities whose coupon changes in a direction opposite from that of a specified interest rate. Generally, income on inverse floaters decreases when interest rates rise and increases when interest rates fall. Inverse floaters may be subject to leverage risk and counterparty risk. These risks are greater for inverse floaters that are structured as tender option bonds (“TOBs”). Inverse floaters can have the effect of providing a degree of investment leverage because they may increase or decrease in value in response to changes (e.g., changes in market interest rates) at a rate that is a multiple of the rate at which fixed-rate securities increase or decrease in response to the same changes. Therefore, the market values of such securities are generally more volatile than the market values of fixed-rate securities (especially during periods when interest rates are fluctuating). A Fund could lose money and its net asset value could decline if movements in interest rates are incorrectly anticipated. Moreover, the markets for this type of security may be less developed and less liquid than the markets for traditional municipal securities. Investments in inverse floaters in the form of TOBs are also subject to risks related to the termination of the trust that issues the TOB, which could expose a Fund to losses associated with such termination.
A Fund may invest in municipal inverse floaters, which are a type of inverse floater in which a municipal bond is deposited with a special purpose vehicle (“SPV”), which issues, in return, the municipal inverse floater (which is comprised of a residual interest in the cash flows and assets of the SPV) plus proceeds from the issuance by the SPV of floating rate certificates to third parties. This type of municipal inverse floater generally includes the right to “unwind” the transaction by (1) causing the holders of the floating rate certificates to tender their certificates at par and (2) returning the municipal inverse floater to the SPV in exchange for the original municipal bond. If the holder of the inverse floater exercises this right, it would pay the par amount due on the floating rate certificates and exchange the municipal inverse floater for the underlying municipal bond. The SPV may also be terminated for other reasons (as defined in its operative documents), such as a downgrade in the credit rating of the underlying municipal bond, a payment failure by or the bankruptcy of the issuer of the underlying municipal bond, the inability to remarket floating rate certificates or the SPV’s failure to obtain renewal of the liquidity agreement relating to the floating rate certificates. In the event of such a termination, an investor, such as a Fund, shall have the option but not the obligation to effect the economic equivalent of an “unwind” of the transaction. The holder of a municipal inverse floater generally bears all of the investment risk associated with the underlying bond.
Inverse floating rate securities are subject to the risks inherent in derivative instruments. See “Derivative Instruments” herein.
INVESTMENT GRADE SECURITIES. A Fund is permitted to invest in debt securities rated within the four highest rating categories (e.g., “Aaa”, “Aa”, “A” or “Baa” by Moody’s, “AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB” by S&P or “AAA”, “AA”, “A” or “BBB” by Fitch) (or, if unrated, securities of comparable quality as determined by the sub-adviser) (see Appendix A to this SAI for a description of applicable securities ratings). These investments are generally referred to as “investment grade investments.” Each rating category has within it different gradations or sub-categories. If a Fund is authorized to invest in a certain rating category, the Fund is also permitted to invest in any of the sub-categories or gradations within that rating category. If a security is downgraded to a rating category that does not qualify for investment, the sub-adviser will use its discretion on whether to hold or sell based upon its opinion on the best method to maximize value for shareholders over the long term. Debt securities carrying the fourth highest rating (e.g., “Baa” by Moody’s, “BBB” by S&P and “BBB” by Fitch) and unrated securities of comparable quality (as determined by the sub-adviser) are considered to have speculative characteristics with respect to the issuer’s continuing ability to meet principal and interest payments, involve a higher degree of risk and are more sensitive to economic change than higher rated securities.
INVESTMENTS IN EMERGING MARKET SECURITIES. A Fund may invest in securities of issuers that conduct their principal business activities in, or whose securities are traded principally on exchanges located in, less developed countries considered to be “emerging markets.” Unless otherwise stated in the Fund’s investment strategy, emerging markets are those markets (1) included in emerging market or equivalent classifications by the United Nations (and its agencies); (2) having per capita income in the low to middle ranges, as determined by the World Bank; or (3) a Fund’s benchmark index provider designates as emerging. Emerging countries are generally located in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, Eastern and Central Europe and Central and South America. Investing in emerging market securities involves not only the risks described above with respect to investing in foreign securities, but also other risks that may be more severe and pervasive than those present in foreign countries with more developed markets. Emerging markets are riskier than more developed markets because they tend to develop unevenly and may never fully develop. The value of a Fund’s investments in emerging markets securities may be adversely affected by changes in the political, economic or social conditions, expropriation, nationalization, limitation on the removal of funds or assets, controls, tax regulations and other restrictions in emerging market countries. In the past, governments of such nations have expropriated substantial amounts of private property, and most claims of the property owners have never been fully settled. There is no assurance that such expropriations will not reoccur. In such circumstances, it is possible that a Fund could lose the entire amount of its investments in the affected market.
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Some countries have pervasive corruption and crime that may hinder investments. Certain emerging markets may also face other significant internal or external risks, including the risk of war and ethnic, religious and racial conflicts. A Fund’s emerging market investments may introduce exposure to economic structures that are generally less diverse and mature than, and to political systems that can be expected to have less stability than, those of developed countries. Other characteristics of emerging markets that may affect investments include national policies that may restrict investment by foreigners in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to relevant national interests and the absence of developed legal structures governing private and foreign investments and private property, and the ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and the U.S. Department of Justice) and investors (e.g., the Funds) to bring actions against bad actors may be limited. As a result of these legal structures and limitations, a Fund faces the risk of being unable to enforce its rights with respect to its investments in emerging markets, which may cause losses to the Fund. Settlements of trades in emerging markets may be subject to significant delays. The inability to make intended purchases of securities due to settlement problems could cause missed investment opportunities. Losses could also be caused by an inability to dispose of portfolio securities due to settlement problems. Also, the typically small size of the markets for securities of issuers located in emerging markets and the possibility of a low or nonexistent volume of trading in those securities may result in lack of liquidity and price volatility of those securities. In addition, traditional measures of investment value used in the United States, such as price to earnings ratios, may not apply to certain small markets. Also, there may be less publicly available information about issuers in emerging markets than would be available about issuers in more developed capital markets, and such issuers may not be subject to accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and requirements comparable to those to which U.S. companies are subject. In addition to withholding taxes on investment income, some countries with emerging markets may impose differential capital gains taxes on foreign investors.
The risks outlined above are often more pronounced in “frontier markets” in which a Fund may invest. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid, and as a result, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified in frontier markets. This magnification of risks is the result of a number of factors, including: government ownership or control of parts of the private sector and of certain companies; trade barriers; exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which frontier market countries trade; less uniformity in accounting and reporting requirements; unreliable securities valuation; greater risk associated with custody of securities; and the relatively new and unsettled securities laws in many frontier market countries. In addition, the markets of frontier countries typically have low trading volumes, leading to a greater potential for extreme price volatility and illiquidity. This volatility may be further increased by the actions of a few major investors. For example, a substantial increase or decrease in cash flows of mutual funds investing in these markets could significantly affect local securities prices and, therefore, the net asset value of a Fund. All of these factors make investing in frontier market countries significantly riskier than investing in other countries, including more developed and traditional emerging market countries, and any one of them could cause the net asset value of a Fund’s shares to decline.
In addition to the risks of foreign investing and the risks of investing in emerging or frontier markets, investments in certain countries with recently developed markets and structures, such as Nigeria, Croatia and Russia, implicate certain specific risks. Because of the recent formation of these securities markets and the underdeveloped state of these countries’ banking systems, settlement, clearing and registration of securities transactions are subject to significant risks. Share ownership is often defined and evidenced by extracts from entries in a company’s share register, but such extracts are neither negotiable instruments nor effective evidence of securities ownership. Further, the registrars in these countries are not necessarily subject to effective state supervision or licensed by any governmental entity, there is no central registration system for shareholders and it is possible for a Fund to lose its entire ownership rights through fraud, negligence or mere oversight. In addition, while applicable regulations may impose liability on registrars for losses resulting from their errors, it may be difficult for a Fund to enforce any rights it may have against the registrar or issuer of the securities in the event of loss of share registration. In Croatia, these risks are limited to investments in securities that are not traded on the national stock exchange. However, in other countries, including Nigeria and Russia, all securities investments are subject to these risks.
Risks of Investments in Russia. A Fund may invest a portion of its assets in securities issued by companies located in Russia. Because of the recent formation of the Russian securities markets as well as the underdeveloped state of Russia’s banking system, settlement, clearing and registration of securities transactions are subject to significant risks. Ownership of shares is defined according to entries in the company’s share register and normally evidenced by extracts from the register. These extracts are not negotiable instruments and are not effective evidence of securities ownership. The registrars are not necessarily subject to effective state supervision nor are they licensed with any governmental entity. Also, there is no central registration system for shareholders and it is possible for a Fund to lose its registration through fraud, negligence or mere oversight. While a Fund will endeavor to ensure that its interest continues to be appropriately recorded either itself or through a custodian or other agent inspecting the share register and by obtaining extracts of share registers through regular confirmations, these extracts have no legal enforceability and it is possible that subsequent illegal amendment or other fraudulent act may deprive the Fund of its ownership rights or improperly dilute its interest. In addition, while applicable Russian regulations impose liability on registrars for losses resulting from their errors, it may be difficult for a Fund to enforce any rights it may have against the registrar or issuer of the
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securities in the event of loss of share registration. To the extent that a Fund invests in Russian securities, the Fund intends to invest directly in Russian companies that use an independent registrar. There can be no assurance that such investments will not result in a loss to a Fund.
Certain of the companies in which a Fund may invest may operate in, or have dealings with, countries subject to sanctions or embargos imposed by the U.S. government, foreign governments, or the United Nations or other international organizations. In particular, as a result of recent events involving Ukraine and Russia, the United States and other countries have imposed economic sanctions on certain Russian individuals and a financial institution. The United States or other countries could also institute broader sanctions on Russia. These sanctions, or even the threat of further sanctions, may result in the decline of the value and liquidity of Russian securities, a weakening of the ruble or other adverse consequences to the Russian economy. These sanctions could also result in the immediate freeze of Russian securities, impairing the ability of a Fund to buy, sell, receive or deliver those securities. Sanctions could also result in Russia taking counter measures or retaliatory actions which may further impair the value and liquidity of Russian securities. These sanctions could also impair a Fund’s ability to meet its investment objective. For example, a Fund may be prohibited from investing in securities issued by companies subject to such sanctions. In addition, the sanctions may require a Fund to freeze its existing investments in companies operating in or having dealings with sanctioned countries, prohibiting the Fund from selling or otherwise transacting in these investments. This could impact a Fund’s ability to sell securities or other financial instruments as needed to meet redemptions. A Fund could seek to suspend redemptions in the event that an emergency exists in which it is not reasonably practicable for the Fund to dispose of its securities or to determine the value of its net assets.
LIQUIDATION OF FUNDS. The Board may determine to close and liquidate a Fund at any time. In the event of the liquidation of a Fund, shareholders will receive a liquidating distribution in cash or in-kind equal to their proportionate interest in the Fund. A liquidating distribution may be a taxable event for shareholders who do not hold their shares in a tax deferred account and, depending on a shareholder’s basis in his or her Fund shares, may result in the recognition of a gain or loss for tax purposes.
LOANS AND LOAN PARTICIPATIONS. Commercial banks and other financial institutions or institutional investors make corporate loans to companies that need capital to grow or restructure. Borrowers generally pay interest on corporate loans at rates that change in response to changes in market interest rates such as the LIBOR or the prime rates of U.S. banks. As a result, the value of corporate loan investments is generally less exposed to the adverse effects of shifts in market interest rates than investments that pay a fixed rate of interest. However, because the trading market for certain corporate loans may be less developed than the secondary market for bonds and notes, a Fund may experience difficulties in selling its corporate loans. A Fund may make certain corporate loan investments as part of a broader group of lenders (together often referred to as a “syndicate”) that is represented by a leading financial institution (or agent bank). The syndicate’s agent arranges the corporate loans, holds collateral and accepts payments of principal and interest. If the agent develops financial problems or is terminated, the Fund may not recover its investment or recovery may be delayed. Corporate loans may be denominated in currencies other than U.S. dollars and are subject to the credit risk of nonpayment of principal or interest. Further, substantial increases in interest rates may cause an increase in loan defaults. Although the loans will generally be fully collateralized at the time of acquisition, the collateral may decline in value, be relatively illiquid or lose all or substantially all of its value subsequent to investment. If a borrower files for protection from its creditors under the U.S. bankruptcy laws, these laws may limit the Fund’s rights to the collateral. In addition, the value of collateral may erode during a bankruptcy case. In the event of a bankruptcy, the holder of a corporate loan may not recover its principal, may experience a long delay in recovering its investment and may not receive interest during the delay.
A Fund may also invest in second lien loans (secured loans with a claim on collateral subordinate to a senior lender’s claim on such collateral) and unsecured loans. Holders’ claims under unsecured loans are subordinated to claims of creditors holding secured indebtedness and possibly other classes of creditors holding unsecured debt. Unsecured loans have a greater risk of default than secured loans, particularly during periods of deteriorating economic conditions. Also, since they do not afford the lender recourse to collateral, unsecured loans are subject to greater risk of nonpayment in the event of default than secured loans. Many such loans are relatively illiquid and may be difficult to value.
Some bank loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the bank loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of the bank loans, including, in certain circumstances, invalidating such bank loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the borrower. If interest were required to be refunded, it could negatively affect Fund performance.
Indebtedness of companies whose creditworthiness is poor involves substantially greater risks and may be highly speculative. Some companies may never pay off their indebtedness or pay only a small fraction of the amount owed. Consequently, when investing in indebtedness of companies with poor credit, the Funds bear a substantial risk of losing the entire amount invested.
Investments in bank loans through a direct assignment of the financial institution’s interest with respect to the bank loan may involve additional risks. For example, if a secured bank loan is foreclosed, a Fund could become part owner of any collateral, and would bear the costs and liabilities associated with owning and disposing of the collateral. In addition, it is conceivable that under emerging legal theories of lender liability, a Fund could be held liable as a co-lender.
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Bank loans may be structured to include both term loans, which are generally fully funded at the time of investment, and revolving credit facilities, which would require a Fund to make additional investments in the bank loans as required under the terms of the credit facility at the borrower’s demand.
A financial institution’s employment as agent bank may be terminated in the event that it fails to observe a requisite standard of care or becomes insolvent. A successor agent bank would generally be appointed to replace the terminated agent bank, and assets held by the agent bank under the loan agreement would remain available to the holders of such indebtedness. However, if assets held by the agent bank for the benefit of a Fund were determined to be subject to the claims of the agent bank’s general creditors, such Fund may incur certain costs and delays in realizing payments on a bank loan or loan participation and could suffer a loss of principal and/or interest.
LIBOR Risk. According to various reports, certain financial institutions, commencing as early as 2005 and throughout the global financial crisis, routinely made artificially low submissions in the LIBOR rate setting process. Since the LIBOR scandal came to light, several financial institutions have been fined significant amounts by various financial regulators in connection with allegations of manipulation of LIBOR rates. Other financial institutions in various countries have been or are being investigated for similar actions. These developments may have adversely affected the interest rates on securities whose interest payments were determined by reference to LIBOR. Any future similar developments could, in turn, reduce the value of such securities owned by a Fund.
On July 27, 2017, the head of the United Kingdom’s (“UK”) Financial Conduct Authority announced a desire to phase out the use of LIBOR by the end of 2021. There remains uncertainty regarding the future use of LIBOR and the nature of any replacement rate. As such, the potential effect of a transition away from LIBOR on a Fund or the debt securities or other instruments based on or referencing LIBOR in which a Fund invests cannot yet be determined. The transition process might lead to increased volatility and illiquidity in markets that currently rely on LIBOR to determine interest rates. It could also lead to a reduction in the value of some LIBOR-based investments held by a Fund and reduce the effectiveness of new hedges placed against existing LIBOR-based instruments. Among other negative consequences, the transition away from LIBOR could:
Adversely impact the pricing, liquidity, value of, return on and trading for a broad array of financial products, including any LIBOR-linked securities, loans and derivatives in which a Fund may invest;
Require extensive negotiations of and/or amendments to agreements and other documentation governing LIBOR- linked investments products;
Lead to disputes, litigation or other actions with counterparties or portfolio companies regarding the interpretation and enforceability of “fall back” provisions that provide for an alternative reference rate in the event of LIBOR’s unavailability; and/or
Cause a Fund to incur additional costs in relation to any of the above factors.
The risks associated with the above factors are heightened with respect to investments in LIBOR-based products that do not include a fall back provision that addresses how interest rates will be determined if LIBOR stops being published. Other important factors include the pace of the transition, the specific terms of alternative reference rates accepted in the market, the depth of the market for investments based on alternative reference rates, and the Investment Manager’s and/or a sub-adviser’s ability to develop appropriate investment and compliance systems capable of addressing alternative reference rates.
Floating Rate Loans. A Fund may invest in interests in floating rate loans (often referred to as “floaters”). Senior floating rate loans hold the most senior position in the capital structure of a business entity (the “Borrower”), are typically secured by specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the Borrower that is senior to that held by subordinated debtholders and stockholders of the Borrower. A Fund may also invest in second lien loans (secured loans with a claim on collateral subordinate to a senior lender’s claim on such collateral) and unsecured loans. The Funds may also invest in companies whose financial condition is uncertain and that may be involved in bankruptcy proceedings, reorganizations or financial restructurings. Floating rate loans typically have rates of interest that are reset or redetermined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate, plus a spread. The base lending rates are primarily the LIBOR, and secondarily the prime rate offered by one or more major United States banks (the “Prime Rate”) and the certificate of deposit (“CD”) rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. Floating rate loans are typically structured and administered by a financial institution that acts as the agent of the lenders participating in the floating rate loan. Floating rate loans may be acquired directly through the agent, as an assignment from another lender who holds a direct interest in the floating rate loan or as a participation interest in another lender’s portion of the floating rate loan.
The value of the collateral securing a floating rate loan can decline, be insufficient to meet the obligations of the borrower or be difficult to liquidate. As a result, a floating rate loan may not be fully collateralized and can decline significantly in value. Floating rate loans generally are subject to legal or contractual restrictions on resale. The liquidity of floating rate loans, including the volume and frequency of secondary market trading in such loans, varies significantly over time and among individual floating rate loans. For example, if the credit quality of a floating rate loan unexpectedly declines significantly, secondary market trading in that floating rate
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loan can also decline for a period of time. During periods of infrequent trading, valuing a floating rate loan can be more difficult, and buying and selling a floating rate loan at an acceptable price can be more difficult and delayed. Difficulty in selling a floating rate loan can result in a loss and can hinder a Fund’s ability to meet redemption requests to the extent they are effected on a cash basis.
Many loans in which a Fund may invest may not be rated by a rating agency, and many, if not all, loans will not be registered with the SEC or any state securities commission and will not be listed on any national securities exchange. The amount of public information available with respect to loans will generally be less extensive than that available for registered or exchange-listed securities. In evaluating the creditworthiness of Borrowers, the Investment Manager and/or sub-adviser considers, and may rely in part, on analyses performed by others. In the event that loans are not rated, they are likely to be the equivalent of below investment grade quality. Debt securities that are rated below-investment-grade and comparable unrated bonds are viewed by the rating agencies as having speculative characteristics and are commonly known as “junk bonds”. Historically, senior-secured floating rate loans tend to have more favorable loss recovery rates than more junior types of below-investment-grade debt obligations. The sub-adviser does not view ratings as the primary factor in its investment decisions and relies more upon its credit analysis abilities than upon ratings.
Loans and other corporate debt obligations are subject to the risk of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal. Floating rate loans are rated below-investment-grade, which means that rating agencies view them as more likely to default in payment than investment-grade loans. Such non-payment would result in a reduction of income to a Fund, a reduction in the value of the investment and a potential decrease in the net asset value of the Fund. Some floating rate loans are also subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate such floating rate loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the Borrower or take other action detrimental to the holders of floating rate loans including, in certain circumstances, invalidating such floating rate loans or causing interest previously paid to be refunded to the Borrower. If interest were required to be refunded, it could negatively affect the Fund’s performance.
Prepayment Risks. Most floating rate loans and certain debt securities allow for prepayment of principal without penalty. Loans and securities subject to prepayment risk generally offer less potential for gains when interest rates decline, and may offer a greater potential for loss when interest rates rise. In addition, with respect to fixed-rate investments, rising interest rates may cause prepayments to occur at a slower than expected rate, thereby effectively lengthening the maturity of the investment and making the investment more sensitive to interest rate changes. Accordingly, the potential for the value of a floating rate loan or security to increase in response to interest rate declines is limited. Further, loans or debt securities purchased to replace a prepaid loan or debt security may have lower yields than the yield on the prepaid loan or debt security.
Market Risks. Significant events, such as turmoil in the financial and credit markets, terrorist events, and other market disruption events, such as weather or infrastructure disruptions that affect the markets generally, can affect the liquidity of the markets and cause spreads to widen or interest rates to rise, resulting in a reduction in value of a Fund’s assets. Other economic factors (such as a large downward movement in security prices, a disparity in supply of and demand for certain loans and securities or market conditions that reduce liquidity) can also adversely affect the markets for debt obligations. Rating downgrades of holdings or their issuers will generally reduce the value of such holdings. Each Fund is also subject to income risk, which is the potential for a decline in the Fund’s income due to falling interest rates or market reductions in spread.
Terrorist attacks and related events, including wars in Iraq and Afghanistan and their aftermath, and the recent rise of the militant group known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, have led to increased short-term market volatility and may have long-term effects on U.S. and world economies and markets. A similar disruption of the financial markets, such as the problems in the subprime market, could affect interest rates, auctions, secondary trading, ratings, credit risk, inflation and other factors relating to investments in floating rate loans. In particular, junk bonds and floating rate loans tend to be more volatile than higher-rated fixed income securities; as such, these circumstances and any actions resulting from them may have a greater effect on the prices and volatility of junk bonds and floating rate loans than on higher-rated fixed income securities. A Fund cannot predict the effects of similar events in the future on the U.S. economy.
Material Non-Public Information. A Fund may be in possession of material non-public information about a Borrower or issuer as a result of its ownership of a loan or security of such Borrower or issuer. Because of prohibitions on trading in securities of issuers while in possession of such information, a Fund may be unable to enter into a transaction in a loan or security of such a Borrower or issuer when it would otherwise be advantageous to do so.
Regulatory Risk. To the extent that legislation or federal regulators impose additional requirements or restrictions on the ability of financial institutions to make loans, particularly in connection with highly leveraged transactions, floating rate loans for investment may become less available. Any such legislation or regulation could also depress the market values of floating rate loans. Loan interests may not be considered “securities,” and purchasers, such as a Fund, may, therefore, not be entitled to rely on the anti-fraud protections of the federal securities laws.
Loan Participations. A participation interest is a fractional interest in a loan, issued by a lender or other financial institution. The lender selling the participation interest remains the legal owner of the loan. Where a Fund is a participant in a loan, it does not have any direct claim on the loan or any rights of set-off against the borrower and may not benefit directly from any collateral
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supporting the loan. As a result, a Fund is subject to the credit risk of both the borrower and the lender that is selling the participation. In the event of the insolvency of the lender selling a participation, a Fund may be treated as a general creditor of the lender and may not benefit from any set-off between the lender and the borrower.
The lack of a highly liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the ability to dispose of particular loan participations when necessary to meet redemption of a Fund’s shares to the extent they are effected on a cash basis, to meet a Fund’s liquidity needs or when necessary in response to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the borrower. The lack of a highly liquid secondary market for loan participations also may make it more difficult for a Fund to value these investments for purposes of calculating its net asset value.
Senior Loans. Senior debt (frequently issued in the form of senior notes or referred to as senior loans) is debt that takes priority over other unsecured or otherwise more “junior” debt owed by the issuer. Senior debt has greater seniority in the issuer’s capital structure than subordinated debt. In the event the issuer goes bankrupt, senior debt theoretically must be repaid before other creditors receive any payment. There is less readily available, reliable information about most senior loans than is the case for many other types of securities. In addition, there is no minimum rating or other independent evaluation of a borrower or its securities limiting a Fund’s investments in senior loans, and thus the sub-adviser relies primarily on its own evaluation of a borrower’s credit quality rather than on any available independent sources. As a result, a Fund that invests in senior loans is particularly dependent on the analytical abilities of its sub-adviser.
An economic downturn generally leads to a higher non-payment rate, and a senior loan may lose significant value even before a default occurs. Further, any specific collateral used to secure a senior loan may decline in value or become illiquid, which would adversely affect a senior loan’s value.
No active trading market may exist for certain senior loans, which may impair a Fund’s ability to realize full value in the event that it needs to sell a senior loan and may make it difficult to value senior loans. Adverse market conditions may impair the liquidity of some actively traded senior loans. To the extent that a secondary market does exist for certain senior loans, the market may be subject to irregular trading activity, wide bid/ask spreads and extended trade settlement periods.
Although senior loans in which a Fund may invest generally will be secured by specific collateral, there can be no assurance that liquidation of such collateral would satisfy the borrower’s obligation in the event of non-payment of scheduled interest or principal or that such collateral could be readily liquidated. In the event of the bankruptcy of a borrower, a Fund could experience delays or limitations with respect to its ability to realize the benefits of the collateral securing a senior loan. If the terms of a senior loan do not require the borrower to pledge additional collateral in the event of a decline in the value of the already pledged collateral, a Fund will be exposed to the risk that the value of the collateral will not at all times equal or exceed the amount of the borrowers’ obligations under the senior loans. To the extent that a senior loan is collateralized by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries, such stock may lose all of its value in the event of the bankruptcy of the borrower. Uncollateralized senior loans involve a greater risk of loss. Some senior loans are subject to the risk that a court, pursuant to fraudulent conveyance or other similar laws, could subordinate the senior loans to presently existing or future indebtedness of the borrower or take other action detrimental to lenders, including a Fund. Such court action could, under certain circumstances, include the invalidation of senior loans.
If a senior loan is acquired through an assignment, a Fund may not be able unilaterally to enforce all rights and remedies under the loan and with regard to any associated collateral. If a senior loan is acquired through a participation, the acquiring Fund generally will have no right to enforce compliance by the borrower with the terms of the loan agreement, and the Fund may not directly benefit from the collateral supporting the debt obligation in which it has purchased the participation. As a result, a Fund will be exposed to the credit risk of both the borrower and the entity selling the participation.
Senior loans in which a Fund may invest may be rated below investment grade. The risks associated with these senior loans are similar to the risks of below investment grade securities, although senior loans are typically senior and secured in contrast to other below investment grade securities, which are often subordinated and unsecured. This higher standing of senior loans has historically resulted in generally higher recoveries in the event of a corporate reorganization. In addition, because their interest rates are typically adjusted for changes in short-term interest rates, senior loans generally are subject to less interest rate risk than other below investment grade securities (which are typically fixed rate).
Unsecured Loans. The claims of holders of unsecured loans are subordinated to, and thus lower in priority of payment to, claims of creditors holding secured indebtedness and possibly other classes of creditors holding unsecured debt. Unsecured loans have a greater risk of default than secured loans, particularly during periods of deteriorating economic conditions. In addition, since they do not afford the lender recourse to collateral, unsecured loans are subject to greater risk of nonpayment in the event of default than secured loans.
Delayed Settlement. Compared to securities and to certain other types of financial assets, purchases and sales of senior loans take relatively longer to settle, partly due to the fact that senior loans require a written assignment agreement and various ancillary documents for each transfer, and frequently require discretionary consents from both the borrower and the administrative agent. In addition, recent regulatory changes have increasingly caused dealers to insist on matching their purchases and sales,
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which can lead to delays in a Fund's settlement of a purchase or sale of a senior loan in circumstances where the dealer's corresponding transaction with another party is delayed. Dealers will also sometimes sell senior loans short, and hold their trades open for an indefinite period while waiting for a price movement or looking for inventory to purchase.
This extended settlement process can (i) increase the counterparty credit risk borne by a Fund; (ii) leave a Fund unable to timely vote, or otherwise act with respect to, senior loans it has agreed to purchase; (iii) delay a Fund from realizing the proceeds of a sale of a senior loan; (iv) inhibit a Fund's ability to re-sell a senior loan that it has agreed to purchase if conditions change (leaving the Fund more exposed to price fluctuations); (v) prevent a Fund from timely collecting principal and interest payments; and (vi) expose a Fund to adverse tax or regulatory consequences.
MARKET PRICE RISK. The NAV of a Fund's shares and the value of your investment may fluctuate. The market prices of a Fund's shares will generally fluctuate in accordance with changes in NAV, changes in the intraday value of the Fund's holdings, as well as the relative supply of and demand for the shares on the listing exchange. Although it is expected that each Fund’s shares will remain listed on an exchange, disruptions to creations and redemptions, the existence of market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt), as well as other factors, may result in the shares trading significantly above (at a premium to) or below (at a discount to) the Fund’s NAV or the intraday value of the Fund’s holdings. During such periods, you may be unable to sell your shares or may incur significant losses if you sell your shares. There are various methods by which investors can purchase and sell shares and various orders that may be placed. Investors should consult their financial intermediary before purchasing or selling shares of the Fund. Neither the Investment Manager nor the sub-advisers can predict whether a Fund's shares will trade below, at or above their NAV. Price differences may be due, in large part, to the fact that supply and demand forces at work in the secondary trading market for a Fund's shares will be closely related to, but not identical to, the same forces influencing the prices of the Fund's holdings trading individually or in the aggregate at any point in time. Authorized participants may be less willing to create or redeem Fund shares if there is a lack of an active market for such shares or a Fund’s underlying investments, which may contribute to the Fund’s shares trading at a premium or discount to NAV. In addition, unlike other types of ETFs, the Funds are not index funds. Each fund is actively managed and does not seek to replicate the performance of a specified index. There can be no assurance as to whether and/or the extent to which a Fund's shares will trade at premiums or discounts to NAV or to the intraday value of the Fund's holdings.
MARKET RISK. Market risk is the risk that one or more markets in which a Fund invests will go down in value, including the possibility that such markets will go down sharply and unpredictably. Securities or other investments may decline in value due to factors affecting securities markets generally or individual issuers. The value of a security or other investment may change in value due to general market conditions that are not related to a particular issuer, such as real or perceived adverse economic conditions, changes in the general outlook for revenues or corporate earnings, changes in interest or currency rates or adverse investor sentiment generally. The value of a security or other investment may also change in value due to factors that affect an individual issuer or a particular sector or industry. During a general downturn in the securities or other markets, multiple asset classes may decline in value simultaneously. When markets perform well, there can be no assurance that securities or other investments held by a Fund will participate in or otherwise benefit from the advance. Any market disruptions, including those arising out of geopolitical events, pandemics, epidemics or natural/environmental disasters, could also prevent a Fund from executing advantageous investment decisions in a timely manner.
A widespread health crisis, such as a global pandemic, could cause substantial market volatility, exchange trading suspensions or restrictions and closures of securities exchanges and businesses, impact the ability to complete redemptions, and adversely impact Fund performance. A recent outbreak of COVID-19 has negatively affected the worldwide economy, the financial health of individual companies and the market in significant and unforeseen ways. The future impact of COVID-19 is currently unknown. The effects to public health, business and market conditions resulting from COVID-19 pandemic may have a significant negative impact on the performance of a Fund’s investments, including exacerbating other pre-existing political, social and economic risks.
MASTER LIMITED PARTNERSHIP (“MLP”) RISK. Equity securities of MLPs are listed and traded on U.S. securities exchanges. The value of an MLP equity security fluctuates based predominately on the MLP’s financial performance, as well as changes in overall market conditions. Investments in MLP equity securities involve risks that differ from investments in common stocks, including risks related to the fact that investors have limited control of and limited rights to vote on matters affecting the MLP; dilution risks; and risks related to the general partner’s right to require investors to sell their holdings at an undesirable time or price. Debt securities of MLPs have characteristics similar to debt securities of other types of issuers, and are subject to the risks applicable to debt securities in general, such as credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. Investments in debt securities of MLPs may not offer the tax characteristics of equity securities of MLPs. To the extent a Fund invests in debt securities of MLPs that are rated below investment grade, such investments are also subject to the risks in discussed in “High Yield Investments (‘Junk Bonds’)” above. Investments in MLPs are subject to cash flow risk and risks related to potential conflicts of interest between the MLP and the MLP’s general partner. Certain MLP securities may trade in lower volumes due to their smaller capitalizations, and may
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be subject to more abrupt or erratic price movements and lower market liquidity. MLP securities are generally considered interest-rate sensitive investments. During periods of interest rate volatility, these investments may not provide attractive returns. MLPs may be subject to state taxation in certain jurisdictions, which may reduce the amount of income an MLP pays to its investors. In addition, if the tax treatment of an MLP changes, a Fund’s after-tax return from its MLP investment would be materially reduced.
MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENT STRATEGIES. Each Fund may hold cash and invest in money market instruments at any time. A Fund may invest some or all of its assets in cash, high quality money market instruments and shares of money market investment companies for temporary defensive purposes in response to adverse market, economic or political conditions when its sub-adviser, subject to the overall supervision of HFMC, deems it appropriate.
Money market instruments include, but are not limited to: (1) banker’s acceptances; (2) obligations of governments (whether U.S. or foreign) and their agencies and instrumentalities; (3) short-term corporate obligations, including commercial paper, notes, and bonds; (4) other short-term debt obligations; (5) obligations of U.S. banks, foreign branches of U.S. banks (Eurodollars), U.S. branches and agencies of foreign banks (Yankee dollars) and foreign branches of foreign banks; (6) asset-backed securities; and (7) repurchase agreements. A Fund may also invest in affiliated and unaffiliated money market funds that invest in money market instruments, as permitted by regulations adopted under the 1940 Act. A Fund’s ability to redeem shares of a money market fund may be affected by recent regulatory changes relating to money market funds that permit the potential imposition of liquidity fees and redemption gates under certain circumstances.
MORTGAGE-RELATED SECURITIES. The mortgage-related securities in which a Fund may invest include interests in pools of mortgage loans made by lenders such as savings and loan institutions, mortgage bankers, commercial banks, various governmental, government-related and private organizations and others. A Fund may also invest in similar mortgage-related securities that provide funds for multi-family residences or commercial real estate properties. Mortgage-related securities are subject to certain specific risks. Generally, rising interest rates tend to extend the duration of fixed rate mortgage-backed securities, making them more sensitive to changes in interest rates. As a result, in a period of rising interest rates, if a Fund holds mortgage-backed securities, it may exhibit additional volatility. This is known as “extension risk.” In addition, adjustable and fixed rate mortgage-backed securities are subject to “prepayment risk.” When interest rates decline, borrowers may pay off their mortgages sooner than expected. This can reduce the returns of a Fund because the Fund may have to reinvest that money at lower prevailing interest rates. Mortgage-related securities are also subject to the risk that the underlying loans may not be repaid. The value of mortgage-related securities can also be significantly affected by the market’s perception of the issuers and the creditworthiness of the parties involved. In addition, legislative, regulatory and enforcement actions seeking to prevent or restrict foreclosures or providing forbearance relief to borrowers of residential mortgage loans may adversely affect the value of mortgage-related securities (e.g., the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act). Legislative or regulatory initiatives by federal, state or local legislative bodies or administrative agencies, if enacted or adopted, could delay foreclosure or the exercise of other remedies, provide new defenses to foreclosure, or otherwise impair the ability of the loan servicer to foreclose or realize on a defaulted residential mortgage loan included in a pool of residential mortgage loans backing such residential mortgage-related securities. While the nature or extent of limitations on foreclosure or exercise of other remedies that may be enacted cannot be predicted, any such governmental actions that interfere with the foreclosure process or are designed to protect customers could increase the costs of such foreclosures or exercise of other remedies in respect of residential mortgage loans which collateralize mortgage-related securities held by a Fund, delay the timing or reduce the amount of recoveries on defaulted residential mortgage loans which collateralize mortgage-related securities held by a Fund, and consequently, could adversely impact the yields and distributions a Fund may receive in respect of its ownership of mortgage-related securities collateralized by residential mortgage loans.
The yield characteristics of mortgage securities differ from those of traditional debt securities. Among the major differences are that interest and principal payments are made more frequently on mortgage securities, usually monthly, and that principal may be prepaid at any time. The risks associated with prepayment and the rate at which prepayment may occur are influenced by a variety of economic, geographic, demographic, social and other factors including interest rate levels, changes in housing needs, net equity built by mortgagors in the mortgaged properties, job transfers and unemployment rates.
Mortgage securities differ from conventional bonds in that principal is paid back over the life of the mortgage securities rather than at maturity. As a result, the holder of the mortgage securities (e.g., a Fund) receives monthly scheduled payments of principal and interest, and may receive unscheduled principal payments representing prepayments on the underlying mortgages. When the holder reinvests the payments and any unscheduled prepayments of principal it receives, it may receive a rate of interest which is lower than the rate on the existing mortgage securities. For this reason, mortgage securities are less effective than other types of U.S. Government securities as a means of “locking in” long-term interest rates.
FNMA and FHLMC have entered into a joint initiative under the direction of the FHFA to develop a common securitization platform for the issuance of a uniform mortgage-backed security (the “Single Security Initiative”), which generally aligns the characteristics of FNMA and FHLMC certificates. The Single Security Initiative launched in June 2019, and the effects it may have on the market for mortgage-backed securities are uncertain.
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Mortgage-related securities may be composed of one or more classes and may be structured either as pass-through securities or collateralized debt obligations (which include collateralized bond obligations (“CBOs”) and collateralized loan obligations (“CLOs”). A CBO is ordinarily issued by a trust or other special purpose entity (“SPE”) and is typically backed by a diversified pool of fixed income securities (which may include high risk, below investment grade securities) held by such issuer. A CLO is ordinarily issued by a trust or other SPE and is typically collateralized by a pool of loans, which may include, among others, domestic and non-U.S. senior secured loans, senior unsecured loans, and subordinate corporate loans, including loans that may be rated below investment grade or equivalent unrated loans, held by such issuer. Multiple-class mortgage-related securities are referred to herein as “CMOs.” Some CMOs are directly supported by other CMOs, which in turn are supported by mortgage pools. Investors typically receive payments out of the interest and principal on the underlying mortgages, which payments and the priority thereof are determined by the specific terms of the CMO class. CMOs may be issued by U.S. or non-U.S. issuers. CMOs involve special risks, and evaluating them requires special knowledge.
CMO classes may be specially structured in a manner that provides any of a wide variety of investment characteristics, such as yield, effective maturity and interest rate sensitivity. As market conditions change, however, and particularly during periods of rapid or unanticipated changes in market interest rates, any given CMO structure may react differently from the way anticipated and thus affect a Fund’s portfolio in different, and possibly negative, ways. Market changes may also result in increased volatility in market values and reduced liquidity. CMOs may lack a readily available secondary market and be difficult to sell at the price at which a Fund values them.
Certain classes of CMOs and other mortgage-related securities are structured in a manner that makes them extremely sensitive to changes in prepayment rates, such as interest-only (“IO”) and principal-only (“PO”) classes. These securities are frequently referred to as “mortgage derivatives” and may be sensitive to changing interest rates and deteriorating credit environments. IOs are entitled to receive all or a portion of the interest, but none (or only a nominal amount) of the principal payments, from the underlying mortgage assets. If the mortgage assets underlying an IO experience greater than anticipated principal prepayments, then the total amount of interest payments allocable to the IO class, and therefore the yield to investors, generally will be reduced. In some instances, an investor in an IO may fail to recoup all of his or her initial investment, even if the security is government issued or guaranteed or rated AAA or the equivalent. Conversely, PO classes are entitled to receive all or a portion of the principal payments, but none of the interest, from the underlying mortgage assets. PO classes are purchased at substantial discounts from par, and the yield to investors will be reduced if principal payments are slower than expected. Inverse floating rate CMOs, which pay interest at a rate that decreases when a specified index of market rates increases (and vice versa), also may be extremely volatile. If a Fund purchases mortgage-backed securities that are “subordinated” to other interests in the same mortgage pool, the Fund may only receive payments after the pool’s obligations to other investors have been satisfied. For example, an unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may limit substantially the pool’s ability to make payments of principal or interest to holders of the securities, which would thus reduce the values of the securities or in some cases render them worthless. A Fund may invest in mortgage-backed securities issued by the U.S. Government. See “U.S. Government Securities Risk” below. To the extent a Fund invests in mortgage-backed securities offered by non-governmental issuers, such as commercial banks, savings and loan institutions, private mortgage insurance companies, mortgage bankers and other secondary market issuers, the Fund may be subject to additional risks. Mortgage-related securities issued by private issuers are subject to the credit risks of the issuers, as well as to interest rate risks. Timely payment of interest and principal of non-governmental issuers are supported by various forms of private insurance or guarantees, including individual loan, title, pool and hazard insurance purchased by the issuer. There can be no assurance that the private insurers can meet their obligations under the policies. An unexpectedly high rate of defaults on the mortgages held by a mortgage pool may adversely affect the value of a mortgage-backed security and could result in losses to a Fund. The risk of such defaults is generally higher in the case of mortgage pools that include subprime mortgages. Subprime mortgages refer to loans made to borrowers with weakened credit histories or with a lower capacity to make timely payments on their mortgages.
Issuers of certain CMOs may have limited ability to enforce the security interest in the underlying assets, and credit enhancements provided to support the securities, if any, may be inadequate to protect investors in the event of default. In addition, as a result of its investment in asset-backed securities, a Fund would be subject to the risk that in certain states it may be difficult to perfect the liens securing the collateral backing certain asset-backed securities. Certain asset-backed securities are based on loans that are unsecured, which means that there is no collateral to seize if the underlying borrower defaults.
MUNICIPAL SECURITIES. Municipal securities primarily include debt obligations that are issued by or on behalf of the District of Columbia, states, territories, commonwealths and possessions of the United States and their political subdivisions (e.g., cities, towns, counties, school districts, authorities and commissions) and agencies, authorities and instrumentalities, which are issued to obtain funds for public purposes, including the construction or improvement of a range of public facilities such as airports, bridges, highways, hospitals, housing, jails, mass transportation, nursing homes, parks, public buildings, recreational facilities, school facilities, streets and water and sewer works. Municipal securities may also be issued for other public purposes such as the refunding of outstanding obligations, the anticipation of taxes or state aids, the payment of judgments, the funding of student loans, community redevelopment, district heating, the purchase of street maintenance and firefighting equipment or any authorized corporate purpose of the issuer, except for the payment of current expenses. Certain types of industrial development (or private
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activity) bonds may be issued by or on behalf of public corporations to finance privately operated housing facilities, air or water pollution control facilities and certain local facilities for water supply, gas, electricity or sewage or solid waste disposal. In addition, structured securities, such as tobacco bonds, may be issued by municipal entities to securitize future payment streams. Such obligations are included within the term municipal securities if the interest payable thereon is, in the opinion of bond counsel, exempt from federal income taxation (but, note that municipal securities may include securities that pay interest income subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax).
The two principal classifications of municipal securities are general obligation bonds and limited obligation (or revenue) bonds. General obligation bonds are obligations payable from the issuer’s general unrestricted revenues and not from any particular fund or revenue source. The characteristics and methods of enforcement of general obligation bonds vary according to the laws applicable to the particular issuer. Limited obligation bonds are payable only from the revenues derived from a particular facility or class of facilities or, in some cases, from the proceeds of a specific revenue source, such as the user of the facility. Industrial development bonds are in most cases limited obligation bonds payable solely from specific revenues, pledged to payment of the bonds, of the project to be financed. The credit quality of industrial development bonds is usually directly related to the credit standing of the user of the facilities (or the credit standing of a third-party guarantor or other credit enhancement participant, if any). There are, of course, variations in the quality of municipal securities, both within a particular classification and between classifications, depending on various factors (see Appendix A of this SAI). The yields on municipal securities are dependent on a variety of factors, including general money market conditions, the financial condition of the issuer, general conditions of the municipal securities market, the size of the particular offering, the maturity of the obligation and the rating of the issue. The ratings of the various rating agencies represent their opinions as to the quality of the municipal securities which they undertake to rate. However, the ratings are general, not absolute, standards of quality. Consequently, municipal securities of the same maturity, interest rate and rating may have different yields, while municipal securities of the same maturity and interest rate with different ratings may have the same yield.
Municipal securities risks include the possibility that the issuer may not be able to pay interest or repay principal when due; the relative lack of information about certain issuers of municipal securities; and the possibility of future legislative changes that could affect the market for and value of municipal securities. Municipal securities are subject to interest rate risk, credit risk and market risk. Because municipal securities are issued to finance similar projects, conditions in those sectors may affect the overall municipal securities market. In addition, changes in the financial condition of an individual municipal issuer can affect the overall municipal market. Furthermore, many states and municipalities have been adversely impacted by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic as a result of declines in revenues and increased expenditures required to manage and mitigate the outbreak.
In addition to these risks, investment in municipal securities is also subject to:
General Obligation Bonds Risk. The full faith, credit and taxing power of the municipality that issues a general obligation bond secures payment of interest and repayment of principal. Timely payments depend on the issuer’s credit quality, ability to raise tax revenues and ability to maintain an adequate tax base.
Revenue (or Limited Obligation) Bonds Risk. Payments of interest and principal on revenue bonds are made only from the revenues generated by a particular facility, class of facilities or the proceeds of a special tax or other revenue source. These payments depend on the money earned by the particular facility or class of facilities, or the amount of revenues derived from another source.
Private Activity (or Industrial Development) Bonds Risk. Municipalities and other public authorities issue private activity bonds to finance development of industrial facilities for use by a private enterprise. The private enterprise pays the principal and interest on the bond, and the issuer does not pledge its full faith, credit and taxing power for repayment. If the private enterprise defaults on its payments, a Fund may not receive any income or get its money back from the investment.
Moral Obligation Bonds Risk. Moral obligation bonds are generally issued by special purpose public authorities of a state or municipality. If the issuer is unable to meet its obligations, repayment of these bonds becomes a moral commitment, but not a legal obligation, of the state or municipality.
Municipal Notes Risk. Municipal notes are shorter term municipal debt obligations. They may provide interim financing in anticipation of, and are secured by, tax collection, bond sales or revenue receipts. If there is a shortfall in the anticipated proceeds, the notes may not be fully repaid and a Fund may lose money.
Municipal Bankruptcy Risk. The City of Detroit filed for federal bankruptcy protection on July 18, 2013. The bankruptcy of large cities such as Detroit is relatively rare, making the consequences of such bankruptcy filings difficult to predict. Accordingly, it is unclear what impact a large city’s bankruptcy filing would have on the city's outstanding obligations or on the obligations of other municipal issuers in that state. It is possible that the city could default on, restructure or otherwise avoid some or all of these obligations, which may negatively affect the marketability, liquidity and value of securities issued by the city and other municipalities in that state. If a Fund holds securities that are affected by a city's bankruptcy filing, a Fund's investments in those securities may lose value, which could cause the Fund's performance to decline.
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Municipal Lease Obligations Risks. In a municipal lease obligation, the issuer agrees to make payments when due on the lease obligation. The issuer will generally appropriate municipal funds for that purpose, but is not obligated to do so. Although the issuer does not pledge its unlimited taxing power for payment of the lease obligation, the lease obligation is secured by the leased property. However, if the issuer does not fulfill its payment obligation (i.e., annually appropriate money to make the lease payments) it may be difficult to sell the property and the proceeds of a sale may not cover a Fund’s loss.
Tax-Exempt Status Risk. Municipal securities are subject to the risk that the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) may determine that an issuer has not complied with applicable tax requirements and that interest from the municipal security is taxable, which may result in a significant decline in the value of the security.
Investment in Bonds Issued by Puerto Rico. As with state municipal securities, events in any of the territories, such as Puerto Rico, where a Fund may invest may affect the Fund’s investments and its performance. Certain municipal issuers in Puerto Rico have experienced and continue to experience significant financial difficulties and repeated credit rating downgrades. For example, in recent years, Puerto Rico has experienced difficult financial and economic conditions, which may negatively affect the value of the Fund’s holdings in Puerto Rico municipal securities. In addition, Puerto Rico has recently experienced other events that have adversely affected its economy, infrastructure, and financial condition, which may prolong any debt restructuring and economic recovery efforts and processes. Puerto Rico’s continued financial difficulties could reduce its ability to access financial markets, potentially increasing the likelihood of a restructuring or default for Puerto Rico municipal securities that may affect a Fund’s investments and its performance.
For the purpose of diversification under the 1940 Act, identifying the issuer of a municipal security depends on the terms of the security. If a state or a political subdivision of such state pledges its full faith and credit to payment of a security, the state or the political subdivision will be deemed the sole issuer of the security. If the security is backed only by the assets and revenues of an agency, authority or instrumentality of the state or a political subdivision, but not by the state or political subdivision itself, such agency, authority or instrumentality will be deemed to be the sole issuer. Similarly, if the security is backed only by revenues of an enterprise or specific projects of the state, a political subdivision or agency, authority or instrumentality (e.g., utility revenue bonds), and the full faith and credit of the governmental unit is not pledged to the payment thereof, such enterprise or projects will be deemed the sole issuer. In the case of an industrial development bond, if the bond is backed only by certain revenues to be received from the non-governmental user of the project financed by the bond, such non-governmental user will be deemed to be the sole issuer. If, however, in any of the above cases, the state, the political subdivision or some other entity guarantees a security, and the value of all securities issued or guaranteed by the guarantor and owned by a Fund exceeds 10% of the value of the Fund’s total assets, the guarantee will be considered a separate security and will be treated as an issue of the guarantor.
Municipal bonds are traded in the “over-the-counter” market among dealers and other large institutional investors, which, together with the broader fixed-income markets, began in the latter months of 2008 to experience increased volatility and decreased liquidity in response to challenging economic conditions and credit tightening. If market liquidity decreases, a Fund may not be able to sell bonds readily at prices reflecting the values at which the bonds are carried on the Fund's books. An imbalance in supply and demand in the municipal market may result in valuation uncertainties and greater volatility, less liquidity, widening credit spreads and a lack of price transparency in the market.
NEW FUND RISK. There can be no assurance that a new Fund will grow to an economically viable size, in which case the Fund may cease operations. In such an event, investors may be required to liquidate or transfer their investments at an inopportune time.
NO GUARANTEE OF ACTIVE TRADING MARKET RISK. While each Fund’s shares are listed on a national exchange, there can be no assurance that active trading markets for shares will be maintained by market makers or authorized participants. Decisions by market makers or authorized participants to reduce their role or “step away” from these activities in times of market stress may inhibit the effectiveness of the arbitrage process in maintaining the relationship between the underlying value of a Fund’s holdings and the Fund’s NAV. Such reduced effectiveness could result in a Fund’s shares trading at a discount to its NAV and also in greater than normal intraday bid/ask spreads for the Fund’s shares.
OPERATIONAL RISKS. An investment in a Fund, like any fund, can involve operational risks arising from factors such as processing errors, inadequate or failed processes, failure in systems and technology, changes in personnel and errors caused by third-party service providers. Among other things, these errors or failures as well as other technological issues may adversely affect the Funds’ ability to calculate their net asset values in a timely manner, including over a potentially extended period. While the Funds seek to minimize such events through controls and oversight, there may still be failures that could causes losses to a Fund. In addition, as the use of technology increases, a Fund may be more susceptible to operational risks through breaches in cybersecurity. A breach in cybersecurity refers to both intentional and unintentional events that may cause a Fund to lose proprietary information, suffer data corruption, or operational capacity. As a result, a Fund may incur regulatory penalties, reputational damage, additional compliance costs associated with corrected measures and/or financial loss. In addition, cybersecurity breaches of a Fund’s third party service providers or issuers in which a Fund invests may also subject a Fund to many of the same risks associated with direct cybersecurity breaches.
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In addition, the Funds may rely on various third-party sources to calculate its net asset value. As a result, each Fund is subject to certain operational risks associated with reliance on service providers and service providers’ data sources. In particular, errors or system failures and other technological issues may adversely impact a Fund’s calculation of its net asset value, and such net asset value calculation issues may result in inaccurately calculated net asset values, delays in net asset value calculation, and/or the inability to calculate net asset value over extended periods. The Funds may be unable to recover any losses associated with such failures.
OTHER CAPITAL SECURITIES. Other capital securities encompass a group of instruments referred to in capital markets as “Hybrids,” “Tier I and Tier 2” and “TRUPS.” These securities give issuers flexibility in managing their capital structure. The features associated with these securities are predominately debt like in that they have coupons, pay interest and in most cases have a final stated maturity. There are certain features that give the companies flexibility not commonly found in fixed income securities, which include, but are not limited to, deferral of interest payments under certain conditions and subordination to debt securities in the event of default. The deferral of interest payments, even for an extended period of time, is generally not an event of default, and the ability of the holders of such instruments to accelerate payment is generally more limited than with other debt securities.
OTHER INVESTMENT COMPANIES. The Funds are permitted to invest in other Hartford Funds and/or investment companies sponsored by other fund families (including investment companies that may not be registered under the 1940 Act) such as holding company depository receipts (“HOLDRs”) and ETFs. Securities in certain countries are currently accessible to the Funds only through such investments. Investment in other investment companies is limited in amount by the 1940 Act, and will involve the indirect payment by a Fund of a portion of the expenses, including advisory fees, of such other investment companies. The success of the Fund’s investment in these securities is directly related, in part, to the ability of the other investment companies or ETFs to meet their investment objective.
These investments are subject to limitations prescribed by the 1940 Act, the rules thereunder and applicable SEC staff interpretations thereof. Generally, a Fund will not purchase securities of an investment company if, as a result: (1) more than 10% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of other investment companies; (2) such purchase would result in more than 3% of the total outstanding voting securities of any such investment company being held by the Fund; or (3) more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in any one such investment company.
PREFERRED STOCK RISK. The prices and yields of nonconvertible preferred stocks generally move with changes in interest rates and the issuer’s credit quality, similar to debt securities. The value of convertible preferred stocks varies in response to many factors, including, for example, the value of the underlying equity securities, general market and economic conditions and convertible market valuations, as well as changes in interest rates, credit spreads and the credit quality of the issuer.
REAL ESTATE RELATED SECURITIES RISKS. The main risk of real estate related securities is that the value of the underlying real estate may go down. Many factors may affect real estate values, including the general and local economies, vacancy rates, tenant bankruptcies, the ability to re-lease space under expiring leases on attractive terms, the amount of new construction in a particular area, the laws and regulations (including zoning and tax laws) affecting real estate and the costs of owning, maintaining and improving real estate. The availability of mortgages and changes in interest rates, a decline in rents resulting from unanticipated economic, legal or technological developments or a decline in the price of securities of real estate companies due to a failure of borrowers to pay their loans or poor management may also affect real estate values. Further, the real estate industry is particularly sensitive to economic downturns. When economic growth is slow, demand for property decreases and prices may decline. If a Fund’s real estate related investments are concentrated in one geographic area or in one property type, the Fund will be particularly subject to the risks associated with that area or property type.
In addition to the risks facing real estate related securities, such as a decline in property values due to increasing vacancies, a decline in rents resulting from unanticipated economic, legal or technological developments or a decline in the price of securities of real estate companies due to a failure of borrowers to pay their loans or poor management, investments in real estate investment trusts (“REITs”), which pool investor money to invest in real estate and real estate related holdings, involve unique risks. Like registered investment companies such as the Funds, REITs are not taxed on income distributed to shareholders so long as they comply with several requirements of the Code. Investing in REITs involves certain risks. REITS may have limited financial resources, may trade less frequently and in limited volume and may be more volatile than other securities. REITs are also subject to additional risks, such as poor performance by the manager of the REIT, adverse changes to the tax laws or failure by the REIT to qualify for tax-free pass-through of income under the Code, the risks of financing projects, heavy cash flow dependency, default by borrowers, and self-liquidation. In addition, some REITs have limited diversification because they invest in a limited number of properties, a narrow geographic area or a single type of property. A REIT may be affected by changes in the value of the underlying property owned by such REIT or by the quality of any credit extended by the REIT. Also, the organizational documents of a REIT may contain provisions that make changes in control of the REIT difficult and time-consuming. Because REITs are pooled investment vehicles that have expenses of their own, the Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of those expenses. REITS are also subject to interest rate risks.
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REPURCHASE AND REVERSE REPURCHASE AGREEMENTS. A repurchase agreement is an agreement between two parties whereby one party sells the other a security at a specified price with a commitment to repurchase the security later at an agreed-upon price, date and interest payment. A reverse repurchase agreement is a term used to describe the opposite side of a repurchase transaction. The party that purchases and later resells a security is said to perform a repurchase; the other party, that sells and later repurchases a security is said to perform a reverse repurchase. The Funds are permitted to enter into fully collateralized repurchase agreements. The Trust’s Board of Trustees has delegated to the sub-adviser the responsibility of evaluating the creditworthiness of the banks and securities dealers with which the Fund will engage in repurchase agreements. The sub-adviser will monitor such transactions to ensure that the value of underlying collateral will be at least equal to the total amount of the repurchase obligation as required by the valuation provision of the repurchase agreement, including the accrued interest. Repurchase agreements carry the risk that the market value of the securities declines below the repurchase price. A Fund could also lose money if it is unable to recover the securities and the value of the collateral held or assets segregated by the Fund to cover the transaction is less than the value of the securities. In the event the borrower commences bankruptcy proceedings, a court may characterize the transaction as a loan. If a Fund has not perfected a security interest in the underlying collateral, the Fund may be required to return the underlying collateral to the borrower’s estate and be treated as an unsecured creditor. As an unsecured creditor, a Fund could lose some or all of the principal and interest involved in the transaction. The use of reverse repurchase agreements may increase the possibility of fluctuation in a Fund’s net asset value.
As discussed in "Risk Factors in Derivative Instruments" above, the SEC adopted a final rule related to the use of derivatives, short sales, reverse repurchase agreements and certain other transactions by registered investment companies that will rescind and withdraw the guidance of the SEC and its staff regarding asset segregation and coverage transactions reflected in the Trust’s asset segregation and cover policies discussed herein. Following the compliance date, these new requirements may limit a Fund's ability to use derivatives and reverse repurchase agreements and similar financing transactions as part of the Fund's investment strategies.
RESTRICTED SECURITIES. A Fund may invest in securities that are not registered under the 1933 Act (“restricted securities”). Restricted securities may be sold in private placement transactions between issuers and their purchasers and may be neither listed on an exchange nor traded in other established markets. In many cases, privately placed securities may not be freely transferable under the laws of the applicable jurisdiction or due to contractual restrictions on resale. As a result of the absence of a public trading market, privately placed securities may be less liquid and more difficult to value than publicly traded securities. To the extent that privately placed securities may be resold in privately negotiated transactions, the prices realized from the sales, due to illiquidity, could be less than those originally paid by a Fund or less than their fair market value. In addition, issuers whose securities are not publicly traded may not be subject to the disclosure and other investor protection requirements that may be applicable if their securities were publicly traded. If any privately placed securities held by a Fund are required to be registered under the securities laws of one or more jurisdictions before being resold, the Fund may be required to bear the expenses of registration. Certain of a Funds’ investments in private placements may consist of direct investments and may include investments in smaller, less seasoned issuers, which may involve greater risks. These issuers may have limited product lines, markets or financial resources, or they may be dependent on a limited management group. In making investments in such securities, a Fund may obtain access to material nonpublic information, which may restrict the Fund’s ability to conduct portfolio transactions in such securities.
Some of these securities are new and complex, and trade only among institutions; the markets for these securities are still developing, and may not function as efficiently as established markets. Owning a large percentage of restricted securities could hamper a Fund’s ability to raise cash to meet redemptions to the extent that such redemptions are effected on a cash basis. Also, because there may not be an established market price for these securities, a Fund may have to estimate their value, which means that their valuation (and, to a much smaller extent, the valuation of the Fund) may have a subjective element. Transactions in restricted securities may entail registration expense and other transaction costs that are higher than those for transactions in unrestricted securities. Where registration is required for restricted securities a considerable time period may elapse between the time a Fund decides to sell the security and the time it is actually permitted to sell the security under an effective registration statement. If during such period, adverse market conditions were to develop, a Fund might obtain less favorable pricing terms that when it decided to sell the security. A Fund may purchase securities that may have restrictions on transfer or resale (including Rule 144A securities and Regulation S securities). “Rule 144A” securities (or equivalent securities issued pursuant to Regulation S of the 1933 Act) are privately placed, restricted securities that may only be resold under certain circumstances to other qualified institutional buyers. Rule 144A investments are subject to certain additional risks compared to publicly traded securities. If there are not enough qualified buyers interested in purchasing Rule 144A securities when a Fund wishes to sell such securities, the Fund may be unable to dispose of such securities promptly or at reasonable prices. For this reason, although 144A securities are generally considered to be liquid, a Fund’s holdings in Rule 144A securities may adversely affect the Fund’s overall liquidity if qualified buyers become uninterested in buying them at a particular time. Issuers of Rule 144A securities are required to furnish information to potential investors upon request. However, the required disclosure is much less extensive than that required of public companies and is not publicly available. Further, issuers of Rule 144A securities can require recipients of the information to agree contractually to keep the information confidential, which could also adversely affect a Fund’s ability to dispose of a security.
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Depending upon the circumstances, a Fund may only be able to sell these securities in the United States if an exemption from registration under the federal and state securities laws is available or may only be able to sell these securities outside of the United States (such as on a foreign exchange). These securities may either be determined to be liquid or illiquid pursuant to policies and guidelines established by the Trust’s Board of Trustees.
RISKS OF QUALIFIED FINANCIAL CONTRACTS. Regulations adopted by federal banking regulators under the Dodd-Frank Act require that certain qualified financial contracts (“QFCs”) with counterparties that are part of U.S. or foreign global systemically important banking organizations be amended to include contractual restrictions on close-out and cross default rights. QFCs include, but are not limited to, securities contracts, commodities contracts, forward contracts, repurchase agreements, securities lending agreements and swaps agreements, as well as related master agreements, security agreements, credit enhancements, and reimbursement obligations. If a covered counterparty of a Fund or certain of the covered counterparty’s affiliates were to become subject to certain insolvency proceedings, the Fund may be temporarily unable to exercise certain default rights, and the QFC may be transferred to another entity. These requirements may impact a Fund’s credit and counterparty risks.
SECONDARY TRADING MARKET ISSUES. Trading in shares on an exchange may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the exchange, make trading in shares inadvisable. In addition, trading in shares on an exchange is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to the exchange’s “circuit breaker” rules. If a trading halt or unanticipated early closing of exchange occurs, a shareholder may be unable to purchase or sell shares of a Fund. There can be no assurance that the exchange’s requirements for maintaining the listing of a Fund will continue to be met or will remain unchanged.
While the creation/redemption feature is designed to make it likely that shares normally will trade close to a Fund’s NAV, market prices are not expected to correlate exactly to the Fund’s NAV due to timing reasons, supply and demand imbalances and other factors. In addition, disruptions to creations and redemptions, adverse developments impacting market makers, authorized participants or other market participants, high market volatility or lack of an active trading market for the shares (including through a trading halt) may result in market prices for shares of a Fund that differ significantly from its NAV or to the intra-day value of the Fund’s holdings. If an investor purchases shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the shares, then the investor may sustain losses.
Given the nature of the relevant markets for certain of the securities held by a Fund, shares may trade at a larger premium or discount to NAV than shares of other kinds of ETFs. In addition, the securities held by a Fund may be traded in markets that close at a different time than the exchange on which the Fund is listed. Liquidity in those securities may be reduced after the applicable closing times. Accordingly, during the time when such exchange is open but after the applicable market closing, fixing or settlement times, bid/ask spreads and the resulting premium or discount to the shares’ NAV may widen.
When you buy or sell shares of a Fund through a broker, you will likely incur a brokerage commission or other charges imposed by brokers. In addition, the market price of shares, like the price of any exchange-traded security, includes a “bid-ask spread” charged by the market makers or other participants that trade the particular security. The spread of a Fund’s shares varies over time based on the Fund’s trading volume and market liquidity and may increase if the Fund’s trading volume, the spread of the Fund’s underlying securities, or market liquidity decrease. In times of severe market disruption, including when trading of a Fund’s holdings may be halted, the bid-ask spread may increase significantly. This means that shares may trade at a discount to a Fund’s NAV, and the discount is likely to be greatest during significant market volatility.
Shares of a Fund, similar to shares of other issuers listed on a stock exchange, may be sold short and are, therefore, subject to the risk of increased volatility and price decreases associated with being sold short.
SECURITIES LENDING RISK. Each Fund may lend portfolio securities to certain creditworthy borrowers in U.S. and non-U.S. markets in an amount not to exceed one third (33  1 3 %) of the value of its total assets. The borrowers provide collateral that is marked to market daily, in an amount at least equal to the current market value of the securities loaned. A Fund may terminate a loan at any time and obtain the securities loaned. A Fund receives the value of any interest or cash or non-cash distributions paid on the loaned securities. A Fund cannot vote proxies for securities on loan, but may recall loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the Fund’s economic interest in the investment is to be voted upon. Distributions received on loaned securities in lieu of dividend payments (i.e., substitute payments) would not be considered qualified dividend income. Each Fund will call loans to vote proxies if a material issue affecting the investment is to be voted upon. Should the borrower of the securities fail financially, a Fund may experience delays in recovering the securities or exercising its rights in the collateral. Loans are made only to borrowers that are deemed by the securities lending agent to be of good financial standing. In a loan transaction, a Fund will also bear the risk of any decline in value of securities acquired with cash collateral. Each Fund will minimize this risk by limiting the investment of cash collateral to high quality instruments of short maturity. This strategy is not used to leverage a Fund.
With respect to loans that are collateralized by cash, the borrower will be entitled to receive a fee based on the amount of cash collateral. A Fund is compensated by the difference between the amount earned on the reinvestment of cash collateral and the fee paid to the borrower. In the case of collateral other than cash, a Fund is compensated by a fee paid by the borrower equal to a
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percentage of the market value of the loaned securities. Any cash collateral may be reinvested in certain short-term instruments either directly on behalf of the lending Fund or through one or more joint accounts or money market funds, which may include those managed by the Adviser.
A Fund may pay a portion of the interest or fees earned from securities lending to a borrower as described above, and to one or more securities lending agents approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust (the “Board”) who administer the lending program for the Funds in accordance with guidelines approved by the Board. In such capacity, the lending agent causes the delivery of loaned securities from a Fund to borrowers, arranges for the return of loaned securities to the Fund at the termination of a loan, requests deposit of collateral, monitors the daily value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests that borrowers add to the collateral when required by the loan agreements, and provides recordkeeping and accounting services necessary for the operation of the program. Effective October 1, 2019, Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”) has been approved by the Board to serve as securities lending agent for the Funds and the Trust has entered into an agreement with Citibank for such services. Among other matters, the Trust has agreed to indemnify Citibank for certain liabilities. The fees that each Fund pays to Citibank are not reflected in the Fund’s fees but instead are calculated in the NAV of each Fund.
Securities lending involves exposure to certain risks, including operational risk (i.e., the risk of losses resulting from problems in the settlement and accounting process especially so in certain international markets such as Taiwan), “gap” risk (i.e., the risk of a mismatch between the return on cash collateral reinvestments and the fees a Fund has agreed to pay a borrower), risk of loss of collateral, credit, legal, counterparty and market risk. Although Citibank has agreed to provide a Fund with indemnification in the event of a borrower default, a Fund is still exposed to the risk of losses in the event a borrower does not return a Fund’s securities as agreed. For example, delays in recovery of lent securities may cause a Fund to lose the opportunity to sell the securities at a desirable price.
SECURITIES TRUSTS. A Fund may invest in securities trusts, which are investment trust vehicles that maintain portfolios comprised of underlying debt securities that are generally unsecured. These instruments are purchased in the cash markets and vary as to the type of underlying security, but include such underlying securities as corporate investment grade and high yield bonds and credit default swaps. Examples include TRAINS, TRACERS, CORE and funded CDX. Holders of interests in these structured notes receive income from the trusts in respect of principal or interest paid on the underlying securities. By investing in such notes, a Fund will indirectly bear its proportionate share of any expenses paid by such notes in addition to the expenses of the Fund.
Investments in these types of structured products are subject to the same risks that would be associated with direct investments in the underlying securities of the structured notes. These risks include substantial market price volatility resulting from changes in prevailing interest rates; default or bankruptcy of issuers of the underlying securities; subordination to the prior claims of banks and other senior lenders in the case of default; and early repayment by issuers during periods of declining interest rates because of mandatory call or redemption provisions. In addition, structured note products may have difficulty disposing of the underlying securities because of thin trading markets.
SOVEREIGN DEBT. In addition to the risks associated with investment in debt securities and foreign securities generally, investments in sovereign debt involve special risks. The issuer of the debt or the governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, or otherwise meet its obligations, in accordance with the terms of such debt, and a Fund may have limited legal recourse in the event of default. Countries such as those in which a Fund may invest have historically experienced, and may continue to experience, high rates of inflation, high interest rates, exchange rate trade difficulties and unemployment. Some of these countries are also characterized by political uncertainty or instability. Additional factors that may influence the ability or willingness to service debt include, but are not limited to, a country’s cash flow situation, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange on the date a payment is due, the relative size of its debt service burden to the economy as a whole and its government’s policy towards the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and other international agencies. If a government entity defaults, it may ask for more time in which to pay or for further loans. There is no legal process for collecting sovereign debt that a government does not pay, and there are no bankruptcy proceedings through which all or part of the sovereign debt that a governmental entity has not repaid may be collected. Further, if a sovereign debtor defaults (or threatens to default) on its sovereign debt obligations, the indebtedness may be restructured. Unlike most corporate debt restructurings, the fees and expenses of financial and legal advisers to the creditors in connection with a restructuring may be borne by the holders of the sovereign debt securities instead of the sovereign entity itself. Some sovereign debtors have in the past been able to restructure their debt payments without the approval of some or all debt holders or to declare moratoria on payments, and similar occurrences may happen in the future. In addition, the financial markets have at times seen an increase in volatility and adverse trends due to uncertainty surrounding the level and sustainability of sovereign debt of certain countries (for example in countries that are part of the European Union, including Greece, Spain, Ireland, Italy and Portugal). These developments adversely affected the exchange rate of the euro and may continue to significantly affect every country in Europe. Outside of the European Union, Iceland has also experienced adverse trends due to high debt levels and excessive lending during the height of the financial crisis that began in 2008.
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A Fund may have difficulty disposing of certain sovereign debt obligations because there may be a limited trading market for such securities. Because there is no liquid secondary market for many of these securities, the Funds anticipate such securities could be sold only to a limited number of dealers or institutional investors. The lack of a liquid secondary market may have an adverse impact on the market price of such securities and a Fund’s ability to dispose of particular issues when necessary to meet its liquidity needs or in response to a specific economic event, such as deterioration in the creditworthiness of the issuer. The lack of a liquid secondary market for certain securities also may make it more difficult for a Fund to obtain accurate market quotations for purposes of valuing its portfolio and calculating its net asset value. See also “Foreign Investments” above.
STRIPPED SECURITIES RISK . Stripped securities are created when the issuer separates the interest and principal components of an instrument and sells them as separate securities. In general, one security is entitled to receive the interest payments on the underlying assets (the interest only or “IO” security) and the other to receive the principal payments (the principal only or “PO” security). Some stripped securities may receive a combination of interest and principal payments. The yields to maturity on IOs and POs are sensitive to the expected or anticipated rate of principal payments (including prepayments) on the related underlying assets, and principal payments may have a material effect on yield to maturity. If the underlying assets experience greater than anticipated prepayments of principal, a Fund may not fully recoup its initial investment in IOs. Conversely, if the underlying assets experience less than anticipated prepayments of principal, the yield on POs could be adversely affected. Stripped securities may be highly sensitive to changes in interest rates and rates of prepayment. The market for stripped securities may be limited, making it difficult for a Fund to sell its holdings at an acceptable price.
STRUCTURED SECURITIES. Structured securities and other related instruments purchased by a Fund are generally privately negotiated debt obligations where the principal and/or interest is determined by reference to the performance of a specific asset, benchmark asset, market or interest rate. Depending on the terms of the particular instrument and the nature of the underlying instrument, structured securities may be subject to equity market risk, commodity market risk, currency market risk or interest rate risk. Structured securities that do not involve any type of credit enhancement are subject to credit risk that generally will be equivalent to that of the underlying instruments. Credit enhanced securities will be subject to the credit risk associated with the provider of the enhancement. Certain Funds are permitted to invest in classes of structured securities that are either subordinated or unsubordinated with respect to the right to payment of another class. Subordinated structured securities typically have higher yields and present greater risks than unsubordinated structured securities. Structured securities are typically sold in private placement transactions, and there currently is no active trading market for structured securities. Certain issuers of such securities may be deemed to be “investment companies” as defined in the 1940 Act; therefore, a Fund’s investment in structured securities may be limited by certain investment restrictions contained therein. Structured securities may be leveraged, increasing the volatility of each structured security’s value relative to the change in the reference measure. Structured securities may also be more difficult to price accurately than less complex securities and instruments or more traditional debt securities.
TAXABLE INCOME RISK. Taxable income risk is the risk that a Fund that seeks to provide investors with tax-exempt income may invest in securities or other instruments that produce income subject to income tax, including the Alternative Minimum Tax. A Fund's investments in municipal securities rely on the opinion of the issuer's bond counsel that the interest paid on those securities will not be subject to federal income tax. Tax opinions are generally provided at the time the municipal security is initially issued. However, after a Fund buys a security, the IRS may determine that a bond issued as tax-exempt should in fact be taxable and the Fund's dividends with respect to that bond might be subject to federal income tax. In addition, income from tax-exempt municipal securities could be declared taxable because of unfavorable changes in tax laws, adverse interpretations by the IRS, state tax authorities, or a court, or the non-compliant conduct of a bond issuer.
TO BE ANNOUNCED (TBA) TRANSACTIONS RISK. TBA investments include when-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments. A Fund is permitted to purchase or sell securities on a when-issued or delayed-delivery basis. When-issued or delayed-delivery transactions arise when securities are purchased or sold with payment and delivery taking place in the future in order to secure what is considered to be an advantageous price and yield at the time of entering into the transaction. A Fund may sell the securities before the settlement date if the sub-adviser deems it advisable. Distributions attributable to any gains realized on such a sale are taxable to shareholders. When-issued and delayed delivery securities and forward commitments involve the risk that the security a Fund buys will lose value prior to its delivery. A Fund is subject to this risk whether or not the Fund takes delivery of the securities on the settlement date for a transaction. There also is the risk that the security will not be issued or that the other party to the transaction will not meet its obligation. If this occurs, the Fund loses both the investment opportunity for the assets it set aside to pay for the security and any gain in the security’s price. A Fund may also take a short position in a TBA investment when it owns or has the right to obtain, at no added cost, identical securities. If a Fund takes such a short position, it may reduce the risk of a loss if the price of the securities declines in the future, but will lose the opportunity to profit if the price rises. A Fund may purchase or sell undrawn or delayed draw loans.
Short Sales of TBA Investments Risk. A Fund may also engage in shorting of TBAs. When a Fund enters into a short sale of a TBA investment it effectively agrees to sell at a future price and date a security it does not own. Although most TBA short sales transactions are closed before a Fund would be required to deliver the security, if the Fund does not close the position, such Fund may have to purchase the securities needed to settle the short sale at a higher price than anticipated, which would cause the Fund
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to lose money. A Fund may not always be able to purchase the securities required to settle a short sale at a particular time or at an attractive price. A Fund may incur increased transaction costs associated with selling TBA securities short. In addition, taking short positions in TBA securities results in a form of leverage, which could increase the volatility of the Fund’s returns.
USE AS UNDERLYING FUND RISK. Each Fund may be an investment (an “Underlying Fund”) of a fund that pursues its investment goal by investing primarily in other funds (“fund of funds structure”). An Underlying Fund may experience relatively large redemptions or creations as the fund that uses a fund of funds structure periodically reallocates or rebalances its assets. These transactions, to the extent they are effected on a cash basis, may cause the Underlying Fund to sell portfolio securities to meet such redemptions, or to invest cash from such creations, at times it would not otherwise do so, and may as a result increase transaction costs and adversely affect underlying fund performance. In addition, such transactions could increase or decrease gains and could affect the timing, amount and character of distributions you receive from a Fund.
U.S. GOVERNMENT SECURITIES RISK. Treasury obligations may differ in their interest rates, maturities, times of issuance and other characteristics. Securities backed by the U.S. Treasury or the full faith and credit of the United States are guaranteed only as to the timely payment of interest and principal when held to maturity. Accordingly, the current market values for these securities will fluctuate with changes in interest rates. Obligations of U.S. Government agencies and authorities are supported by varying degrees of credit but generally are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government. No assurance can be given that the U.S. Government will provide financial support to its agencies and authorities if it is not obligated by law to do so. In addition, the value of U.S. Government securities may be affected by changes in the credit rating of the U.S. Government. U.S. Government securities are also subject to default risk, which is the risk that the U.S. Treasury will be unable to meet its payment obligations. The maximum potential liability of the issuers of some U.S. Government securities held by a Fund may greatly exceed their current resources, including their legal right to support from the U.S. Treasury. It is possible that these issuers will not have the funds to meet their payment obligations in the future.
Treasury Inflation-Protection Securities. TIPS are U.S. Treasury securities designed to protect against inflation. The interest rate paid on TIPS is fixed. The principal value rises or falls semi-annually based on published changes to the Consumer Price Index. If inflation occurs, the principal amount will be adjusted upwards, resulting in increased interest payments. If deflation occurs, the principal amount will be adjusted downwards, resulting in lower interest payments. The principal amount payable at maturity will be the greater of the adjusted principal amount and the original principal amount. While U.S. Treasury securities are generally considered to have relatively little credit risk, they are subject to price fluctuations from changes in interest rates prior to their maturity.
VOLATILITY RISK. The risk that a Fund’s share price, yield and total return may fluctuate more than those of funds that use a different investment strategy.
WARRANTS AND RIGHTS RISK. Warrants are instruments giving holders the right, but not the obligation, to buy equity or fixed income securities of a company at a specific price during a specified period. Rights are similar to warrants but normally have a short life span to expiration. The purchase of rights or warrants involves the risk that a Fund could lose the purchase value of a right or warrant if the right to subscribe to additional shares is not exercised prior to the right’s or warrant’s expiration. Also, the purchase of rights and/or warrants involves the risk that the effective price paid for the right and/or warrant added to the subscription price of the related security may exceed the value of the subscribed security’s market price such as when there is no movement in the level of the underlying security. Buying a warrant does not make the Fund a shareholder of the underlying stock. The warrant holder has no voting or dividend rights with respect to the underlying stock. A warrant does not carry any right to assets of the issuer, and for this reason investment in warrants may be more speculative than other equity-based investments. The market for warrants may be limited and it may be difficult for a Fund to sell a warrant promptly at an advantageous price.
ZERO COUPON SECURITIES. Zero-coupon securities pay no interest prior to their maturity date or another specified date in the future but are issued and traded at a discount to their face value. The discount varies as the securities approach their maturity date (or the date on which interest payments are scheduled to begin). While interest payments are not made on such securities, holders of such securities are deemed to have received income (“phantom income”) annually, notwithstanding that cash may not be received currently. As with other fixed income securities, zero coupon bonds are subject to interest rate and credit risk. Some of these securities may be subject to substantially greater price fluctuations during periods of changing market rates than comparable securities that pay interest currently. Longer term zero coupon bonds have greater interest rate risk than shorter term zero coupon bonds.
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PORTFOLIO TURNOVER
During the fiscal periods ended July 31, 2020 and July 31, 2019, the portfolio turnover rate for each Fund was as follows:
Fund
Portfolio Turnover
7/31/20 1
Portfolio Turnover
7/31/19 1
Core Bond ETF
26% 2, 3
N/A
Municipal Opportunities ETF
67%
32%
Short Duration ETF
29% 4
28%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
165%
165%
Total Return Bond ETF
79% 5
54%
1
Portfolio turnover rate excludes securities received or delivered from in-kind processing of creations or redemptions.
2
From commencement of operations (February 19, 2020) through July 31, 2020
3
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 177%.
4
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 41%.
5
Excluding TBA roll transactions. Had TBA roll transactions been included, the portfolio turnover rate would have been 659%.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
DAILY DISCLOSURE
The Funds’ portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each day a Fund is open for business through financial reporting and news services including publicly accessible Internet websites. On each business day, before commencement of trading on NYSE Arca or Cboe BZX, as applicable, each Fund will disclose on hartfordfunds.com the identities and quantities of the Fund’s portfolio holdings that will form the basis for the Fund’s calculation of NAV at the end of the business day. In addition, one or more basket composition files, which include the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange for Fund Shares, together with estimates and actual cash components, is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the Exchange via the National Securities Clearing Corporation (“NSCC”). Each basket represents one Creation Unit of a Fund. The Trust, the Investment Manager, sub-advisers or State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) will not disseminate non-public information concerning the Trust, except: (i) to a party for a legitimate business purpose related to the day-to-day operations of the Funds or (ii) to any other party for a legitimate business or regulatory purpose, upon waiver or exception.
Fund Management
BOARD RESPONSIBILITIES. The management and affairs of the Trust and its series, including the Funds described in this SAI, are overseen by the Trust’s Board of Trustees. The Board is responsible for oversight of the Funds. The Board elects officers who are responsible for the day to-day operations of the Funds. The Board oversees the Investment Manager and the other principal service providers of the Funds. As described in more detail below, the Board has established five standing committees that assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities: the Audit Committee, Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee, Contracts Committee, Investment Committee and Nominating and Governance Committee (collectively, the “Committees”).
The Board is chaired by an Independent Trustee (as defined below). The Independent Chairman (i) presides at Board meetings and participates in the preparation of agendas for the meetings, (ii) acts as a liaison with the Funds’ officers, Investment Manager and other trustees between meetings and (iii) coordinates Board activities and functions with the Chairperson of the Committees. The Independent Chairman may also perform such other functions as may be requested by the Board from time to time. The Board has determined that the Board’s leadership and committee structure is appropriate because it provides a foundation for the Board to work effectively with management and service providers and facilitates the exercise of the Board’s independent judgment. In addition, the committee structure permits an efficient allocation of responsibility among the Trustees.
The Board oversees risk as part of its general oversight of the Funds and risk is addressed as part of various Board and Committee activities. The Funds are subject to a number of risks, including investment, compliance, financial, operational and valuation risks. The Funds’ service providers, which are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Funds, apply risk management in conducting their activities. The Board recognizes that it is not possible to identify all of the risks that may affect the Funds, and that it is not possible to develop processes and controls to eliminate all risks and their possible effects. The Audit Committee, Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee, and Investment Committee receive reports or other information from management regarding risk assessment and management. In addition, the Investment Manager has established an internal committee focused on risk assessment and risk management related to the operations of the Funds and the Investment Manager, and the chairperson of that committee reports to the Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee on a semi-annual basis (or more frequently if appropriate). The Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee assists the Board in overseeing the activities of the Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”), and the CCO provides an annual report to the Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee and the Board regarding material compliance matters. The Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee and the Board receive and consider other reports from the CCO throughout the year. The Investment Committee assists the Board in overseeing investment matters. The Investment Committee receives reports from the Investment Manager relating to investment performance, including
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information regarding investment risk. The Audit Committee assists the Board in reviewing financial matters, including matters relating to financial reporting risks and valuation risks. The Board may, at any time and in its discretion, change the manner in which it conducts its risk oversight role.
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS. Effective November 2, 2020, the Board of Trustees has eleven members, ten of whom are not “interested persons” of the Trust, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act (“Independent Trustees” or “Non-Interested Trustees”). One of the Independent Trustees, Duane E. Hill, is scheduled to retire from the Board on December 31, 2020. Therefore, effective January 1, 2021, the Board of Trustees will have ten (10) members. The Trust’s Board of Trustees (i) provides broad supervision over the affairs of the Trust and the Funds and (ii) elects officers who are responsible for the day-to-day operations of the Funds and the execution of policies formulated by the Board.
The first table below provides information about the Independent Trustees and the second table below provides information about the Trust’s “interested” trustee and the Trust’s officers.
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES
NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
DURING PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
FOR PUBLIC
COMPANIES AND
OTHER
REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANIES HELD
BY TRUSTEE
HILARY E.
ACKERMANN
(1956)
Trustee
Since 2017
Ms. Ackermann served as Chief Risk Officer at
Goldman Sachs Bank USA from October 2008 to
November 2011.
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Ms. Ackermann
served as a
Director of Dynegy,
Inc. from October
2012 through April
2018. Upon the
merger of Dynegy,
Inc. with Vistra
Energy
Corporation, Ms.
Ackermann
became a member
of the Board of
Directors of Vistra
Energy Corporation
effective May
2018. Ms.
Ackermann serves
as a Director of
Credit Suisse
Holdings (USA),
Inc. from January
2017 to present.
ROBIN C. BEERY
(1967)
Trustee
Since 2016
Ms. Beery has served as a consultant to ArrowMark
Partners (an alternative asset manager) since March
of 2015 and since November 2018 has been
employed by ArrowMark Partners as a Senior Advisor.
Previously, she was Executive Vice President, Head of
Distribution, for Janus Capital Group, and Chief
Executive Officer and President of the Janus Mutual
Funds (a global asset manager) from September
2009 to August 2014.
73
Ms. Beery serves
as an Independent
Director of UMB
Financial
Corporation
(January 2015 to
present), has
chaired the
Compensation
Committee since
April 2017, and
serves on the Audit
Committee and the
Risk Committee.
47

NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
DURING PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
FOR PUBLIC
COMPANIES AND
OTHER
REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANIES HELD
BY TRUSTEE
LYNN S.
BIRDSONG
(1946)
Trustee and
Chair of the
Board
Trustee
since 2017;
Chair of the
Board since
2019
From January 1981 through December 2013, Mr.
Birdsong was a partner in Birdsong Company, an
advertising specialty firm. From 1979 to 2002, Mr.
Birdsong was a Managing Director of Zurich Scudder
Investments, an investment management firm.
73
None
DERRICK D.
CEPHAS ****
(1952)
Trustee
Since 2020
Until his retirement in October 2020, Mr. Cephas was
a Partner of Weil, Gotshal & Manges LLP, an
international law firm headquartered in New York,
where he served as the Head of the Financial
Institutions Practice (April 2011 to October 2020).
73
Mr. Cephas serves
a Director of
Signature Bank, a
New York-based
commercial bank,
and is a member of
the Credit
Committee,
Examining
Committee and
Risk Committee
(March 2016 to
present).
CHRISTINE R.
DETRICK
(1958)
Trustee
Since 2017
Ms. Detrick served as a Senior Partner/Advisor at
Bain & Company (a management consulting firm) from
September 2002 to December 2012.
73
Ms. Detrick serves
as a Director and
Chair of the
Nominating and
Governance
Committee of
Reinsurance Group
of America (from
January 2014 to
present). She also
serves as a
Director of Charles
River Associates
(May 2020 to
present).
DUANE E.
HILL *****
(1945)
Trustee
Since 2017
Mr. Hill is a Partner of TSG Ventures L.P., a private
equity investment company. Mr. Hill is a former
partner of TSG Capital Group, a private equity
investment firm that served as sponsor and lead
investor in leveraged buyouts of middle market
companies.
73
None
ANDREW A.
JOHNSON ****
(1962)
Trustee
Since 2020
Mr. Johnson currently serves as a Diversity and
Inclusion Advisor at Neuberger Berman, a private,
global investment management firm. Prior to his
current role, Mr. Johnson served as Chief Investment
Officer and Head of Global Investment Grade Fixed
Income at Neuberger Berman (January 2009 to
December 2018).
73
None
PAUL L.
ROSENBERG ****
(1953)
Trustee
Since 2020
Mr. Rosenberg is a Partner of The Bridgespan Group,
a global nonprofit consulting firm that is a social
impact advisor to nonprofits, non-governmental
organizations, philanthropists and institutional
investors (October 2007 to present).
73
None
48

NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S)
DURING PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
FOR PUBLIC
COMPANIES AND
OTHER
REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANIES HELD
BY TRUSTEE
LEMMA W.
SENBET
(1946)
Trustee
Since 2017
Dr. Senbet currently serves as the William E. Mayer
Chair Professor of Finance, in the Robert H. Smith
School of Business at the University of Maryland,
where he was chair of the Finance Department from
1998 to 2006. In June 2013, he began a sabbatical
from the University to serve as Executive Director of
the African Economic Research Consortium which
focuses on economic policy research and training,
which he completed in 2018.
73
None
DAVID SUNG
(1953)
Trustee
Since 2016
Mr. Sung was a Partner at Ernst & Young LLP from
October 1995 to July 2014.
73
Mr. Sung serves as
a Trustee of
Ironwood
Institutional Multi-
Strategy Fund, LLC
and Ironwood
Multi-Strategy
Fund, LLC (October
2015 to present).
*
The address for each Trustee is c/o Hartford Funds 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087.
**
Each Trustee holds an indefinite term until the Trustee’s retirement, which must be no later than December 31 of the year in which the Trustee turns 75 years of age, or the Trustee’s resignation, removal, or death prior to the Trustee’s retirement.
***
The portfolios of the “Fund Complex” are operational series of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., Hartford Series Fund, Inc., Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc., Lattice Strategies Trust, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, and Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund.
****
Effective November 2, 2020, Messrs. Cephas, Johnson, and Rosenberg were elected and appointed to the Board of Trustees.
*****
Effective December 31, 2020, Mr. Hill will retire from the Board of Trustees.
OFFICERS AND INTERESTED TRUSTEE
NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING
PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
HELD BY TRUSTEE
JAMES E.
DAVEY ****
(1964)
Trustee,
President
and Chief
Executive
Officer
Trustee
since 2017;
President
and Chief
Executive
Officer since
2017
Mr. Davey serves as Executive Vice President of The
Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. Mr. Davey has
served in various positions within The Hartford and its
subsidiaries and joined The Hartford in 2002.
Additionally, Mr. Davey serves as Director, Chairman,
President, and Senior Managing Director for Hartford
Funds Management Group, Inc. ("HFMG"). Mr. Davey
also serves as President, Manager, Chairman of the
Board, and Senior Managing Director for Hartford
Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC”);
Manager, Chairman of the Board, and President of
Lattice Strategies LLC (“Lattice”); Chairman of the
Board, Manager, and Senior Managing Director of
Hartford Funds Distributors, LLC (“HFD”); and
Chairman of the Board, President and Senior
Managing Director of Hartford Administrative Services
Company (“HASCO”), each of which is an affiliate of
HFMG.
73
None
49

NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING
PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
HELD BY TRUSTEE
ANDREW S.
DECKER
(1963)
AML
Compliance
Officer
Since 2016
Mr. Decker serves as Chief Compliance Officer and
AML Compliance Officer of HASCO (since April 2015)
and Vice President of HASCO (since April 2018). Mr.
Decker serves as AML Officer of HFD (since May
2015). Mr. Decker also serves as Vice President of
HFMG (since April 2018). Prior to joining The Hartford,
Mr. Decker served as Vice President and AML Officer
at Janney Montgomery Scott (a broker dealer) from
April 2011 to January 2015.
N/A
N/A
AMY N. FURLONG
(1979)
Vice
President
and
Treasurer
Since 2018
Ms. Furlong serves as Vice President and Assistant
Treasurer of HFMC (since September 2019). Ms.
Furlong has served in various positions within The
Hartford and its subsidiaries in connection with the
operation of the Hartford Funds. Ms. Furlong joined
The Hartford in 2004.
N/A
N/A
WALTER F.
GARGER
(1965)
Vice
President
and Chief
Legal Officer
Since 2016
Mr. Garger serves as Secretary, Managing Director
and General Counsel of HFMG, HFMC, HFD, and
HASCO (since 2013). Mr. Garger also serves as
Secretary and General Counsel of Lattice (since July
2016). Mr. Garger has served in various positions
within The Hartford and its subsidiaries in connection
with the operation of the Hartford Funds. Mr. Garger
joined The Hartford in 1995.
N/A
N/A
THEODORE J.
LUCAS
(1966)
Vice
President
Since 2017
Mr. Lucas serves as Executive Vice President of
HFMG (since July 2016) and as Executive Vice
President of Lattice (since June 2017). Previously, Mr.
Lucas served as Managing Partner of Lattice (2003 to
2016).
N/A
N/A
JOSEPH G.
MELCHER
(1973)
Chief
Compliance
Officer and
Vice
President
Since 2016
Mr. Melcher serves as Executive Vice President of
HFMG and HASCO (since December 2013). Mr.
Melcher also serves as Executive Vice President
(since December 2013) and Chief Compliance Officer
(since December 2012) of HFMC, serves as Executive
Vice President and Chief Compliance Officer of Lattice
(since July 2016), serves as Executive Vice President
of HFD (since December 2013), and has served as
President and Chief Executive Officer of HFD (from
April 2018 to June 2019).
N/A
N/A
VERNON J.
MEYER
(1964)
Vice
President
Since 2016
Mr. Meyer serves as Managing Director and Chief
Investment Officer of HFMC and Managing Director of
HFMG (since 2013). Mr. Meyer has served in various
positions within The Hartford and its subsidiaries in
connection with the operation of the Hartford Funds.
Mr. Meyer joined The Hartford in 2004.
N/A
N/A
ALICE A.
PELLEGRINO
(1960)
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Secretary
Since 2016
Ms. Pellegrino serves as Vice President of HFMG
(since December 2013). Ms. Pellegrino also serves
as Vice President and Assistant Secretary of Lattice
(since June 2017). Ms. Pellegrino is a Senior Counsel
and has served in various positions within The
Hartford and its subsidiaries in connection with the
operation of the Hartford Funds. Ms. Pellegrino joined
The Hartford in 2007.
N/A
N/A
50

NAME, YEAR OF
BIRTH AND
ADDRESS *
POSITION
HELD WITH
THE TRUST
TERM OF
OFFICE **
AND
LENGTH OF
TIME
SERVED
PRINCIPAL OCCUPATION(S) DURING
PAST 5 YEARS
NUMBER OF
PORTFOLIOS
IN FUND
COMPLEX ***
OVERSEEN
BY TRUSTEE
OTHER
DIRECTORSHIPS
HELD BY TRUSTEE
THOMAS R.
PHILLIPS
(1960)
Vice
President
and
Secretary
Since 2017
Mr. Phillips is Deputy General Counsel for HFMG and
currently serves as Vice President (since February
2017) and Assistant Secretary (since June 2017) for
HFMG. Prior to joining HFMG in 2017, Mr. Phillips was
a Director and Chief Legal Officer of Saturna Capital
Corporation from 2014 2016. Prior to that, Mr.
Phillips was a Partner and Deputy General Counsel of
Lord, Abbett & Co. LLC.
N/A
N/A
*
The address for each officer and Trustee is c/o Hartford Funds 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087.
**
Each Trustee holds an indefinite term until the Trustee’s retirement, which must be no later than December 31 of the year in which the Trustee turns 75 years of age, or the Trustee’s resignation, removal, or death prior to the Trustee’s retirement. Each officer shall serve until his or her successor is elected and qualifies.
***
The portfolios of the “Fund Complex” are operational series of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., Hartford Series Fund, Inc., Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc., Lattice Strategies Trust, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, and Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund.
****
“Interested person,” as defined in the 1940 Act, of the Trust because of the person’s affiliation with, or equity ownership of HFMC or affiliated companies.
All trustees and officers of the Trust also hold corresponding positions with The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., Hartford Series Fund, Inc., Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc., Lattice Strategies Trust, and Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund.
STANDING COMMITTEES. As described in more detail below, the Board has established five standing committees that assist the Board in fulfilling its oversight responsibilities: the Audit Committee; Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee; Contracts Committee; Investment Committee; and Nominating and Governance Committee (collectively, the “Committees”). The Trust does not have a standing compensation committee; however, the Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for making recommendations to the Board regarding the compensation of the non-interested members of the Board. The Board has adopted written charters for the Audit Committee, the Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee, the Investment Committee, and the Nominating and Governance Committee.
The Audit Committee currently consists of the following non-interested trustees: Hilary E. Ackermann, Lynn S. Birdsong, Derrick D. Cephas, Paul L. Rosenberg, and David Sung. The Audit Committee (i) oversees the Funds’ accounting and financial reporting policies and practices, their internal controls and, as appropriate, the internal controls of certain service providers; (ii) assists the Board of Trustees in its oversight of the qualifications, independence and performance of the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm; the quality, objectivity and integrity of the Funds’ financial statements and the independent audit thereof; and the performance of the Fund’s internal audit function; and (iii) acts as a liaison between the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm and the respective full board. The Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm reports directly to the Audit Committee, and the Audit Committee regularly reports to the Board of Trustees.
Management is responsible for maintaining appropriate systems for accounting. The Trust’s independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for conducting a proper audit of each Fund’s financial statements and is ultimately accountable to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee has the ultimate authority and responsibility to select (subject to approval by the non-interested trustees and ratification by the Trust shareholders, as required) and evaluate the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm, to determine the compensation of the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm and, when appropriate, to replace the Trust's independent registered public accounting firm.
The Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee currently consists of Hilary E. Ackermann, Lynn S. Birdsong, Derrick D. Cephas, Paul L. Rosenberg, and David Sung. The Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee assists the Board in its oversight of the adoption and implementation of compliance and enterprise risk management policies and procedures.
The Contracts Committee currently consists of all non-interested trustees of the Trust: Hilary E. Ackermann; Robin C. Beery; Lynn S. Birdsong; Derrick D. Cephas; Christine R. Detrick; Duane E. Hill; Andrew A. Johnson; Paul L. Rosenberg; Lemma W. Senbet; and David Sung. The Contracts Committee assists the Board in its consideration and review of fund contracts and the consideration of strategy-related matters.
The Investment Committee currently consists of Robin C. Beery, Christine R. Detrick, Duane E. Hill, Andrew A. Johnson, and Lemma W. Senbet. The Investment Committee assists the Board in its oversight of the Funds’ investment performance and related matters.
51

The Nominating and Governance Committee currently consists of all non-interested trustees of the Trust: Hilary E. Ackermann; Robin C. Beery; Lynn S. Birdsong; Derrick D. Cephas; Christine R. Detrick; Duane E. Hill; Andrew A. Johnson; Paul L. Rosenberg; Lemma W. Senbet; and David Sung. The Nominating and Governance Committee: (i) screens and selects candidates to the applicable Board of Trustees and (ii) periodically reviews and evaluates the compensation of the non-interested trustees and makes recommendations to the Board of Trustees regarding the compensation of, and expense reimbursement policies with respect to, non-interested trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee is also authorized to consider and make recommendations to the Board regarding governance policies, including, but not limited to, any retirement policy for non-interested trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee will consider nominees recommended by shareholders for non-interested trustee positions if a vacancy among the non-interested trustees occurs and if the nominee meets the Committee’s criteria.
During the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the above referenced committees (or sub-committee thereof) met the following number of times: Audit Committee 6 times, Investment Committee 5 times, Nominating and Governance Committee 6 times, Contracts Committee 1 time and Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee 4 times.
INDIVIDUAL TRUSTEE QUALIFICATIONS. The Board has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve on the Board because of his or her ability to review and understand information about the Funds provided to him or her by management, to identify and request other information he or she may deem relevant to the performance of his or her duties, to question management and other service providers regarding material factors bearing on the management and administration of the Funds, and to exercise his or her business judgment in a manner that serves the best interests of each Fund’s shareholders. The Board has concluded that each of the Trustees should serve as a Trustee based on his or her own experience, qualifications, attributes and skills as described below.
Hilary E. Ackermann. Ms. Ackermann has served as an independent Board member since September 2014. She has served as Chair of the Compliance and Risk Oversight Committee since 2016. Ms. Ackermann has over 25 years of credit, financial and risk management experience, including serving as the chief risk officer at a New York-chartered bank.
Robin C. Beery. Ms. Beery has served as an independent Board member since 2017. Ms. Beery is an experienced business executive with over 30 years of experience in the financial services industry, including extensive experience as a senior executive overseeing the global distribution of mutual funds and institutional strategies for a large investment adviser.
Lynn S. Birdsong. Mr. Birdsong has served as an independent Board member since 2003. He has served as Chairman of the Board since August 2019. He served as Co-Chairman of the Investment Committee from 2005 to 2014 and as Chairman of the Investment Committee from September 2014 to August 2019. Mr. Birdsong served in senior executive and portfolio management positions for investment management firms for more than 25 years. He has served as a director of other mutual funds for more than 10 years.
James E. Davey. Mr. Davey has served as a Board member since 2012 and President and Chief Executive Officer of the Funds since 2010. Mr. Davey joined The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (“The Hartford”) in 2002 and has served in various positions within The Hartford and its subsidiaries. Prior to joining The Hartford, Mr. Davey served in various management roles at Merrill Lynch, including director of 401(k) alliance management and director of corporate and institutional 401(k) product management, overseeing product profitability and marketing strategy. Mr. Davey has served on the Board of Governors for the Investment Company Institute (ICI).
Derrick D. Cephas. Mr. Cephas has more than forty years of experience as an attorney practicing in the banking, corporate, and financial services industries. He currently is a Partner of an international law firm and also serves as a director of a commercial bank. Mr. Cephas previously served in senior executive roles in state banking and other regulatory agencies and served as the chief executive officer of one of the largest privately owned banks in the U.S.
Christine R. Detrick. Ms. Detrick has served as an independent Board member since 2016. She has served as Chair of the Investment Committee since August 2019. Ms. Detrick has over 30 years of experience leading and advising financial services companies and investors. She previously served as a director, head of the Americas financial services practice and senior advisor at a management consulting firm, and as the chief executive officer of a private savings bank.
Duane E. Hill. Mr. Hill has more than 35 years of experience in senior executive positions in the banking, venture capital and private equity industries.
Andrew A. Johnson. Mr. Johnson has over 30 years of experience as an investment professional responsible for a range of fixed-income and multi-asset class products. He currently serves as a diversity and inclusion advisor at a global investment management firm. In his previous roles, Mr. Johnson served as a chief investment officer, senior executive and portfolio manager.
Paul L. Rosenberg. Mr. Rosenberg has over 40 years of experience as a senior executive, strategy consultant, and senior official serving in the U.S. government. He currently is a partner of a non-profit strategy consulting firm. Mr. Rosenberg was previously a partner of a premier for-profit strategy consulting firm.
52

Lemma W. Senbet. Dr. Senbet has served as an independent Board member since 2005 (and served on the Board of the predecessors of some of the Funds since 2000). For more than 30 years, Dr. Senbet has served as a professor of finance, including serving as the chair of the finance department at a major university. He has served the finance profession in various capacities, including as a director or officer of finance associations.
David Sung . Mr. Sung has served as an independent Board member since 2014. He has served as Chairman of the Audit Committee since November 2019. Mr. Sung is an experienced financial services and auditing professional with over 37 years of experience serving clients in the investment management business.
References to the experience, attributes and skills of Trustees above are pursuant to requirements of the SEC and do not constitute holding out of the Board or any Trustee as having any special expertise or experience, and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.
In its periodic assessment of the effectiveness of the Board, the Board considers the complementary individual skills and experience of the individual Trustees primarily in the broader context of the Board’s overall composition so that the Board, as a body, possesses the appropriate (and appropriately diverse) skills and experience to oversee the business of the Funds.
COMPENSATION OF OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES. No director, officer, or employee of HFMC, or its parent or subsidiaries, receives any compensation from the Trust for serving as an officer or Trustee of the Trust. The chart below sets forth the compensation paid to the following Trustees for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 and certain other information.
NAME OF PERSON, POSITION
AGGREGATE
COMPENSATION
FROM THE FUNDS
PENSION OR RETIREMENT
BENEFITS ACCRUED AS
PART OF FUND EXPENSES
ESTIMATED ANNUAL
BENEFITS UPON
RETIREMENT
TOTAL COMPENSATION
FROM THE FUND
COMPLEX PAID
TO TRUSTEES
Hilary E. Ackermann, Trustee
$2,681
None
None
$339,000
Robin C. Beery, Trustee
$2,234
None
None
$282,500
Lynn S. Birdsong, Trustee
$3,682
None
None
$463,027
Derrick D. Cephas*
$392
None
None
$48,664
Christine R. Detrick, Trustee
$2,911
None
None
$368,353
Duane E. Hill, Trustee
$2,945
None
None
$373,000
William P. Johnston**
$604
None
None
$83,120
Andrew A. Johnson*
$392
None
None
$48,664
Phillip O. Peterson***
$1,025
None
None
$138,351
Paul L. Rosenberg*
$392
None
None
$48,664
Lemma W. Senbet, Trustee
$2,260
None
None
$286,000
David Sung, Trustee
$2,518
None
None
$317,226
*
Messrs. Cephas, Johnson, and Rosenberg were each elected as a Trustee of the Board effective November 2, 2020. The above includes compensation for Messrs. Cephas, Johnson, and Rosenberg received as Board nominees during the last fiscal year.
**
Mr. Johnston retired as a Trustee of the Board effective September 23, 2019.
***
Mr. Peterson retired as a Trustee of the Board effective December 5, 2019.
OWNERSHIP OF FUND SHARES . The following tables disclose the dollar range of equity securities beneficially owned by each Trustee as of December 31, 2019 (i) in each Fund and (ii) on an aggregate basis in any registered investment companies overseen by the trustee within the same family of investment companies:
NON-INTERESTED TRUSTEES
NAME OF TRUSTEE
FUNDS
DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN THE FUNDS
AGGREGATE DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN ALL REGISTERED
INVESTMENT COMPANIES OVERSEEN BY
TRUSTEE IN FAMILY OF INVESTMENT
COMPANIES
Hilary E. Ackermann
None
None
Over $100,000
Robin C. Beery
None
None
Over $100,000
Lynn S. Birdsong
None
None
Over $100,000
Derrick D. Cephas
None
None
None
Christine R. Detrick
None
None
Over $100,000
Duane E. Hill
None
None
Over $100,000
Andrew A. Johnson
None
None
None
Paul L. Rosenberg
None
None
None
Lemma W. Senbet
None
None
Over $100,000
David Sung
None
None
None
53

INTERESTED TRUSTEE
NAME OF TRUSTEE
FUNDS
DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN THE FUNDS
AGGREGATE DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY
SECURITIES IN ALL REGISTERED
INVESTMENT COMPANIES OVERSEEN BY
TRUSTEE IN FAMILY OF INVESTMENT
COMPANIES
James E. Davey
None
None
Over $100,000
Control Persons and Principal Security Holders
As of October 30, 2020, to the knowledge of the Trust’s management, the officers and trustees of the Trust as a group beneficially owned less than 1% of the outstanding shares of each Fund. Although the Trust does not have information concerning the beneficial ownership of shares nominally held by the Depository Trust Company (“DTC”), the name and percentage ownership of each DTC participant that owned of record 5% or more of the outstanding shares of a Fund, as of October 30, 2020, is set forth below.
Fund/Shareholder
Percentage of Ownership
Core Bond ETF
 
State Street Bank and Trust Company
98.48%
 
 
Municipal Opportunities ETF
 
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
8.49%
JP Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
11.27%
National Financial Services LLC
31.28%
Raymond James & Associates, Inc.
15.00%
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
15.64%
 
 
Short Duration ETF
 
BofA Securities, Inc.
11.30%
Charles Schwab & Co., Inc.
19.71%
State Street Bank and Trust Company
53.02%
 
 
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
 
JP Morgan Chase Bank, National Association
19.12%
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
16.99%
The Bank Of New York Mellon/Wealth Management
57.29%
 
 
Total Return Bond ETF
 
LPL Financial LLC
8.51%
National Financial Services Corporation
5.45%
State Street Bank and Trust Company
66.30%
TD Ameritrade Clearing, Inc.
9.19%
 
 
As of October 30, 2020, The Hartford Checks and Balances Fund may be deemed to control Total Return Bond ETF due to its beneficial ownership of 25% or more of the outstanding shares of that Fund.
Investment Management Arrangements
The Trust, on behalf of the Funds, has entered into an investment management agreement with HFMC. The investment management agreement provides that HFMC, subject to the supervision and approval of the Trust’s Board of Trustees, is responsible for the management of the Funds. In addition, HFMC or its affiliate(s) provides administrative services to the Trust and the Funds. HFMC or its affiliate(s) have also agreed to arrange for the provision of additional services necessary for the proper operation of the Trust and the Funds. HFMC pays for these services pursuant to each Fund’s unitary management fee structure.
HFMC administers the business and affairs of each Fund. With respect to each Fund, HFMC may retain and compensate the sub-adviser that invests and reinvests the assets of the Fund pursuant to the sub-advisory agreement with HFMC. In this regard, HFMC will, whether directly or through engagement of a sub-adviser, regularly provide each Fund with research, advice and supervision, and will furnish continuously an investment program for each Fund consistent with the investment objectives and policies of the Fund. HFMC shall also monitor, supervise and oversee the sub-adviser. Among other services, HFMC: (i) provides and, as necessary, reevaluates and updates the investment objectives and parameters, asset classes, and risk profiles of the Funds; (ii) determines, as permitted through the engagement of the sub-adviser, what securities and other financial instruments
54

should be purchased for the Funds and the portion of the Funds' portfolios to be held in cash; (iii) monitors the Funds' performance and examines and recommends ways to improve performance; (iv) meets with and monitors the sub-adviser to confirm its compliance with the Funds' investment strategies and policies and for its adherence to legal and compliance procedures; (v) researches and recommends the sub-adviser or portfolio managers for the Funds; and (vi) reports to the Board on the performance of each Fund and recommends action as appropriate.
Among other services, HFMC: (i) assists in all aspects of the Funds' operations, including the supervision and coordination of service providers (e.g., the custodian, transfer agent or other shareholder servicing agents, accountants, and attorneys), and serves as the liaison between such service providers and the Board; (ii) drafts and negotiates agreements between service providers and the Trust; (iii) prepares meeting materials for the Trust's Board and produces such other materials as the Board may request; (iv) coordinates and oversees filings with the SEC; (v) develops and implements compliance programs for the Funds; (vi) provides day-to-day legal and regulatory support for the Funds; (vii) assists the Funds in the handling of regulatory examinations; and (viii) makes reports to the Board regarding the performance of the Funds' investment manager.
With respect to the Funds, HFMC has entered into an investment sub-advisory agreement with each of Wellington Management or SIMNA, as applicable. With respect to Tax-Aware Bond ETF, SIMNA has entered into a sub-sub-advisory agreement with SIMNA Ltd. Under each investment sub-advisory agreement, the sub-advisers, subject to the general supervision of the Trust’s Board of Trustees and HFMC, are responsible for (among other things) the investment and reinvestment of the assets of the Funds they sub-advise and furnishing those Funds with advice and recommendations with respect to investments and the purchase and sale of appropriate securities for those Funds.
As provided by the investment management agreement, each Fund pays HFMC an investment management fee which is accrued daily and paid monthly, equal on an annual basis to a stated percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets. With respect to each Fund, HFMC (not the Fund) pays the sub-advisory fees to each respective sub-adviser. With respect to Tax-Aware Bond ETF, SIMNA pays the sub-sub-advisory fees to SIMNA Ltd.
MANAGEMENT FEES
Each Fund pays a monthly management fee to HFMC based on a stated percentage of the Fund’s average daily net asset value as follows:
FUND
ANNUAL RATE
Core Bond ETF
0.29%
Municipal Opportunities ETF
0.29%
Short Duration ETF
0.29%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
0.39%
Total Return Bond ETF
0.29%
Under the investment management agreement, HFMC shall pay all expenses of the Trust, except for: (i) interest and taxes; (ii) brokerage commissions and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions; (iii) expenses incident to the creation and redemption of its shares; (iv) legal fees in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith and any obligation which the Trust may have to indemnify its officers and Trustees with respect thereto; (v) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (vi) such extraordinary non-recurring expenses as may arise; and (vii) acquired fund fees and expenses.
ADVISORY FEE PAYMENT HISTORY
The following charts show, for the last fiscal years ended July 31, 2020, July 31, 2019 and fiscal period ended July 31, 2018, (1) the amount of advisory fees paid by each Fund to HFMC, as investment manager, and (2) the net aggregate sub-advisory fees paid by HFMC to each sub-adviser. The fees paid to the sub-advisers are shown both in dollars and as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets that each sub-adviser managed during the applicable period.
Fund Name
Fees Paid to HFMC
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid to
Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Percentage of
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid
to Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Core Bond ETF 1
$64,331
$24,401
0.11%
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$409,135
$159,522
0.11%
Short Duration ETF
$315,485
$113,166
0.10%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$226,939
$81,465
0.14%
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Fund Name
Fees Paid to HFMC
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid to
Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Percentage of
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid
to Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/20
Total Return Bond ETF
$1,848,678
$769,349
0.12%
1
The information presented above is from February 19, 2020 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2020.
Fund Name
Fees Paid to HFMC
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/19
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid to
Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/19
Percentage of
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid
to Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Year
Ended 07/31/19
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$273,398
$103,703
0.11%
Short Duration ETF
$264,873
$94,989
0.10%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$84,209
$30,229
0.14%
Total Return Bond ETF
$1,259,094
$535,463
0.12%
Fund Name
Fees Paid to HFMC
For Fiscal Period
Ended 07/31/18
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid to
Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Period
Ended 07/31/18
Percentage of
Net Aggregate
Sub-Advisory
Fees Paid
to Sub-Adviser
For Fiscal Period
Ended 07/31/18
Municipal Opportunities ETF 1
$25,399
$8,174
0.110%
Short Duration ETF 2
$9,839
$3,528
0.104%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF 3
$23,220
$8,335
0.140%
Total Return Bond ETF 4
$63,952
$20,294
0.120%
1
The information presented above is from December 13, 2017 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
2
The information presented above is from May 30, 2018 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
3
The information presented above is from April 18, 2018 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
4
The information presented above is from September 27, 2017 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
Pursuant to the investment management agreement, HFMC is not liable to the Funds or their shareholders for an error of judgment or mistake of law or for a loss suffered by the Funds in connection with the matters to which its agreement relates, except a loss resulting from willful misfeasance, bad faith or gross negligence on the part of HFMC in the performance of its duties or from its reckless disregard of the obligations and duties under the agreement.
Pursuant to each investment sub-advisory agreement, the sub-adviser must discharge its duties under the sub-advisory agreement with the care, skill, prudence and diligence under the circumstances then prevailing that a prudent investment professional acting in a similar capacity and familiar with such matters would use. Unless the sub-adviser breaches this standard of care or under applicable law, the sub-adviser is not liable to the Trust, any Fund, HFMC or its affiliates for any of its acts or omissions, or any acts or omissions of any other person or entity, in the course of or connected with the sub-adviser performing its obligations under the sub-advisory agreement. If the sub-adviser breaches this standard of care or under applicable law, the sub-adviser is responsible for indemnifying and holding harmless HFMC and its affiliates from all claims, losses, expenses, obligations and liabilities (including reasonable attorney’s fees) resulting from: (1) the sub-adviser causing a Fund to be in material violation of any applicable federal or state law, rule or regulation or in violation of any investment policy set forth in such Fund’s current registration statement; (2) any untrue statement of a material fact contained in the registration statement or certain other materials or the omission to state therein a material fact known to the sub-adviser that was required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, if the statement or omission was made in reliance upon information provided by the sub-adviser in writing for use in such materials; (3) a material breach of the investment sub-advisory agreement; or (4) any willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence or reckless disregard on the part of the sub-adviser in the performance of its duties and obligations under the investment sub-advisory agreement (except to the extent that the loss results from HFMC’s or the Trust’s willful misfeasance, bad faith, negligence, or reckless disregard in the performance of their respective duties and obligations under the sub-advisory agreement or the applicable investment management agreement).
HFMC, whose business address is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, was organized in 2012. As of September 30, 2020, HFMC and its wholly owned subsidiary, Lattice Strategies LLC, had approximately $122.3 billion in assets under management.
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Wellington Management is a Delaware limited liability partnership with principal offices at 280 Congress Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02210. Wellington Management is a professional investment counseling firm that provides investment services to investment companies, employee benefit plans, endowments, foundations and other institutions. Wellington Management and its predecessor organizations have provided investment advisory services for over 80 years. Wellington Management is owned by the partners of Wellington Management Group LLP, a Massachusetts limited liability partnership. As of September 30, 2020, Wellington Management and its investment advisory affiliates had investment management authority with respect to approximately $1.18 trillion in assets.
SIMNA (itself and its predecessors) has been an investment manager since 1962, and serves as investment adviser to mutual funds and a broad range of institutional investors. SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. are both indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Schroders plc. Schroders plc is a global asset management company, which had investment management authority with respect to approximately $693.3 billion in assets as of September 30, 2020. Schroders plc and its affiliates (“Schroders”) have clients that are major financial institutions including banks and insurance companies, public and private pension funds, endowments and foundations, high net worth individuals, financial intermediaries and retail investors. Schroders has one of the largest networks of offices of any dedicated asset management company with numerous portfolio managers and analysts covering the world’s investment markets.
HFMC also provides the Funds with accounting services pursuant to a fund accounting agreement by and between the Trust, on behalf of its respective Funds, and HFMC. HFMC is not entitled to any compensation under this agreement. HFMC has delegated certain accounting service functions to State Street Bank and Trust Company. The costs and expenses of such delegation are borne by HFMC, not by the Funds.
Portfolio Managers
OTHER ACCOUNTS SUB-ADVISED OR MANAGED BY WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The following table lists the number and types of other accounts sub-advised or managed by the Wellington Management portfolio managers and assets under management in those accounts as of July 31, 2020:
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
OTHER REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANY ACCOUNTS
ASSETS MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER POOLED
INVESTMENT
VEHICLES
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER
ACCOUNTS
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
Robert D. Burn, CFA
14
$8,110
18
$4,916
41 1
$13,967
Campe Goodman, CFA
15
$8,129
16
$5,710
41 1
$14,184
Timothy D. Haney, CFA
3
$1,438
0
$0
96
$43,422
Brad W. Libby
4
$1,650
1
$4
3
$376
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA
17
$35,677
24
$7,096
68 1
$34,008
Timothy E. Smith
9
$8,317
8 2
$5,509
63 2
$25,708
1
The advisory fee for one other account is based upon performance. Assets under management in the other account totals approximately $211 million.
2
The advisory fee for one of these other pooled investment vehicles and other accounts is based upon performance. Assets under management in that other pooled investment vehicle and other account total approximately $26 million and $25 million, respectively.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST BETWEEN THE FUND SUB-ADVISED BY WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGERS AND OTHER ACCOUNTS
Individual investment professionals at Wellington Management manage multiple accounts for multiple clients. These accounts may include mutual funds, separate accounts (assets managed on behalf of institutions, such as pension funds, insurance companies, foundations, or separately managed account programs sponsored by financial intermediaries), bank common trust accounts, and hedge funds. The portfolio managers listed in the prospectus who are primarily responsible for the daily investment of the assets of the Funds (“Investment Professionals”) generally manage accounts in several different investment styles. These accounts may have investment objectives, strategies, time horizons, tax considerations and risk profiles that differ from those of the Funds. The Investment Professionals make investment decisions for each account, including the Funds, based on the investment objectives, policies, practices, benchmarks, cash flows, tax and other relevant investment considerations applicable to that account. Consequently, the Investment Professionals may purchase or sell securities, including IPOs, for one account and not another account, and the performance of securities purchased for one account may vary from the performance of securities purchased for other accounts. Alternatively, these accounts may be managed in a similar fashion to the relevant Fund and thus the accounts may have similar, and in some cases nearly identical, objectives, strategies and/or holdings to that of the relevant Fund.
An Investment Professional or other investment professionals at Wellington Management may place transactions on behalf of other accounts that are directly or indirectly contrary to investment decisions made on behalf of the relevant Fund, or make investment decisions that are similar to those made for the relevant Fund, both of which have the potential to adversely impact the relevant Fund depending on market conditions. For example, an investment professional may purchase a security in one account while appropriately selling that same security in another account. Similarly, an Investment Professional may purchase the same
57

security for the relevant Fund and one or more other accounts at or about the same time. In those instances other accounts will have access to their respective holdings prior to the public disclosure of the relevant Fund’s holdings. In addition, some of these accounts have fee structures, including performance fees, which are or have the potential to be higher, in some cases significantly higher, than the fees Wellington Management receives for managing the Funds. The Investment Professionals may also manage accounts which pay performance allocations to Wellington Management or its affiliates (as indicated in the notes to the chart above entitled “Other Accounts Sub-Advised or Managed by Wellington Management Portfolio Managers”). Because incentive payments paid by Wellington Management to the Investment Professionals are tied to revenues earned by Wellington Management, and, where noted, to the performance achieved by the manager in each account, the incentives associated with any given account may be significantly higher or lower than those associated with other accounts managed by a given Investment Professional. Finally, the Investment Professionals may hold shares or investments in the other pooled investment vehicles and/or other accounts identified above.
Wellington Management’s goal is to meet its fiduciary obligation to treat all clients fairly and provide high quality investment services to all of its clients. Wellington Management has adopted and implemented policies and procedures, including brokerage and trade allocation policies and procedures, which it believes address the conflicts associated with managing multiple accounts for multiple clients. In addition, Wellington Management monitors a variety of areas, including compliance with primary account guidelines, the allocation of IPOs, and compliance with the firm’s Code of Ethics, and places additional investment restrictions on investment professionals who manage hedge funds and certain other accounts. Furthermore, senior investment and business personnel at Wellington Management periodically review the performance of Wellington Management’s investment professionals. Although Wellington Management does not track the time an investment professional spends on a single account, Wellington Management does periodically assess whether an investment professional has adequate time and resources to effectively manage the investment professional’s various client mandates.
COMPENSATION OF WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Wellington Management receives a fee based on the assets under management of each Fund as set forth in the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between Wellington Management and HFMC on behalf of each Fund. Wellington Management pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues, including the advisory fees earned with respect to each Fund. The following information relates to the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020.
Wellington Management’s compensation structure is designed to attract and retain high-caliber investment professionals necessary to deliver high quality investment management services to its clients. Wellington Management’s compensation of the Investment Professionals includes a base salary and incentive components. The base salary for each Investment Professional who is a partner (“Partner”) of Wellington Management Group LLP, the ultimate holding company of Wellington Management, is generally a fixed amount that is determined by the managing partners of Wellington Management Group LLP. The base salaries for the other Investment Professionals are determined by the Investment Professionals’ experience and performance in their roles as Investment Professionals. Base salaries for Wellington Management’s employees are reviewed annually and may be adjusted based on the recommendation of an Investment Professional’s manager, using guidelines established by Wellington Management’s Compensation Committee, which has final oversight responsibility for base salaries of employees of the firm. Each Investment Professional managing a Fund is eligible to receive an incentive payment based on the revenues earned by Wellington Management from the relevant Fund managed by the Investment Professional and generally each other account managed by such Investment Professional. Most Investment Professionals’ incentive payment relating to the relevant Fund is linked to the gross pre-tax performance of the portion of the Fund managed by the Investment Professional compared to the benchmark index and/or peer group identified below over one-, three- and five-year periods, with an emphasis on five-year results. Wellington Management applies similar incentive compensation structures (although the benchmarks or peer groups, time periods and rates may differ) to other accounts managed by these Investment Professionals, including accounts with performance fees.
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Portfolio-based incentives across all accounts managed by an investment professional can, and typically do, represent a significant portion of an investment professional’s overall compensation; incentive compensation varies significantly by individual and can vary significantly from year to year. The Investment Professionals may also be eligible for bonus payments based on their overall contribution to Wellington Management’s business operations. Senior management at Wellington Management may reward individuals as it deems appropriate based on other factors. Each Partner is eligible to participate in a Partner-funded tax qualified retirement plan, the contributions to which are made pursuant to an actuarial formula. The following individuals are Partners as of January 1, 2020 :
Steven C. Angeli
Brian M. Garvey
James H. Shakin
Mario E. Abularach
Campe Goodman
Thomas S. Simon
Matthew G. Baker
Timothy D. Haney
Timothy E. Smith
John A. Boselli
Matthew D. Hudson
Scott I. St. John
Mammen Chally
Jean M. Hynes
Michael E. Stack
David Chang
Christopher A. Jones
Tara C. Stilwell
Nicolas M. Choumenkovitch
G. Thomas Levering
Mark H. Sullivan
Andrew M. Corry
Joseph F. Marvan
Gregg R. Thomas
Robert L. Deresiewicz
Loren L. Moran
James W. Valone
David J. Elliott
Stephen Mortimer
Mark A. Whitaker
Scott M. Elliott
Kevin Murphy
 
Ann C. Gallo
W. Michael Reckmeyer, III
 
Gregory J. Garabedian
Philip W. Ruedi
 
Wellington Management’s incentive payments to the following Investment Professionals are based on comparisons of each Investment Professional’s performance relative to the following benchmark and/or relevant peer group as of July 31, 2020, which are used to measure one, three and five year performance:
FUND
BENCHMARK(S) / PEER GROUPS FOR INCENTIVE PERIOD
Core Bond ETF
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index / Lipper Core Bond Funds
Municipal Opportunities ETF
Bloomberg Barclays Municipal Bond 1-15 Year Blend (1-17) (80%) and
Bloomberg Barclays High Yield Municipal (20%) / Lipper Intermediate Municipal
Debt
Short Duration ETF
Bloomberg Barclays 1-3 Year Government/Credit Index (50%), Bloomberg
Barclays 1-5 Year Credit Index (35%), and S&P LSTA Leveraged Loan Index
(15%) / Lipper Short Investment Grade Debt
Total Return Bond ETF
Bloomberg Barclays U.S. Aggregate Bond Index / Lipper Core Bond Funds
EQUITY SECURITIES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY WELLINGTON MANAGEMENT PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The dollar ranges of equity securities beneficially owned by Wellington Management portfolio managers in each Fund they manage are as follows for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020:
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
FUND(S) SUB-ADVISED
DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY SECURITIES
BENEFICIALLY OWNED
Robert D. Burn, CFA
Core Bond ETF
Total Return Bond ETF
None
$10,001 - $50,000
Campe Goodman, CFA
Core Bond ETF
Total Return Bond ETF
None
None
Timothy D. Haney, CFA
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$10,001 - $50,000
Brad W. Libby
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$1 - $10,000
Joseph F. Marvan, CFA
Core Bond ETF
Total Return Bond ETF
None
None
Timothy E. Smith
Short Duration ETF
$50,001 - $100,000
OTHER ACCOUNTS SUB-ADVISED OR MANAGED BY SCHRODERS PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The following table lists the number and types of other accounts sub-advised or managed by Schroders’ portfolio managers and assets under management in those accounts as of July 31, 2020:
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
OTHER REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANY ACCOUNTS
ASSETS MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER POOLED
INVESTMENT
VEHICLES
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER
ACCOUNTS
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
Julio C. Bonilla, CFA
4
$892
10
$2,492
175 1
$31,640
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PORTFOLIO MANAGER
OTHER REGISTERED
INVESTMENT
COMPANY ACCOUNTS
ASSETS MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER POOLED
INVESTMENT
VEHICLES
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
OTHER
ACCOUNTS
ASSETS
MANAGED
(in millions)
Andrew B.J. Chorlton, CFA 2
4
$892
10
$2,492
175 1
$31,640
Lisa Hornby, CFA
5
$1,101
10
$2,492
175 1
$31,640
David May 3
1
$418
10
$2,492
175 1
$31,640
Neil G. Sutherland, CFA
5
$1.101
10
$2,,492
175 1
$31,640
1
The advisory fee for these other accounts is based upon performance. Assets under management in these other accounts totals approximately $205 million.
2
Effective as of March 31. 2021, Mr. Chorlton will no longer serve as a portfolio manager for the Tax-Aware Bond ETF.
3
Mr. May became a portfolio manager to the Tax-Aware Bond Fund on October 1, 2020.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST BETWEEN THE FUND SUB-ADVISED BY SCHRODERS’ PORTFOLIO MANAGERS AND OTHER ACCOUNTS
Whenever a portfolio manager of the Fund manages other accounts, potential conflicts of interest exist, including potential conflicts between the investment strategy of the Fund and the investment strategy of the other accounts. For example, in certain instances, a portfolio manager may take conflicting positions in a particular security for different accounts, by selling a security for one account and continuing to hold it for another account. In addition, the fact that other accounts require the portfolio manager to devote less than all of his or her time to a Fund may be seen itself to constitute a conflict with the interest of the Fund.
Each portfolio manager may also execute transactions for another fund or account at the direction of such fund or account that may adversely impact the value of securities held by a Fund. Securities selected for funds or accounts other than such Fund may outperform the securities selected for the Fund. Finally, if the portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity that may be suitable for more than one fund or other account, a Fund may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of that opportunity across all eligible funds and accounts. Schroders’ policies, however, require that portfolio managers allocate investment opportunities among accounts managed by them in an equitable manner over time. Orders are normally allocated on a pro rata basis, except that in certain circumstances, such as the small size of an issue, orders will be allocated among clients in a manner believed by Schroders to be fair and equitable over time.
The structure of a portfolio manager’s compensation may give rise to potential conflicts of interest. A portfolio manager’s base pay tends to increase with additional and more complex responsibilities that include increased assets under management, which indirectly links compensation to sales. Also, potential conflicts of interest may arise since the structure of Schroders’ compensation may vary from account to account.
Schroders has adopted certain compliance procedures that are designed to address these, and other, types of conflicts. However, there is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation where a conflict arises.
COMPENSATION OF SCHRODERS’ PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
Schroders receives a fee based on the assets under management of the Fund as set forth in the Investment Sub-Advisory Agreement between SIMNA and HFMC on behalf of the Fund. Schroders pays its investment professionals out of its total revenues, including the advisory fees earned with respect to the Fund. The following information relates to the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020.
Schroders’ methodology for measuring and rewarding the contribution made by portfolio managers combines quantitative measures with qualitative measures. The Fund’s portfolio managers are compensated for their services to the Fund and to other accounts they manage in a combination of base salary and annual discretionary bonus, as well as the standard retirement, health and welfare benefits available to all Schroder employees. Certain fund managers may also receive awards under a long-term incentive program. Base salary of Schroder employees is determined by reference to the level of responsibility inherent in the role and the experience of the incumbent, and is benchmarked annually against market data to ensure that Schroders is paying competitively. Schroders reviews base salaries annually, targeting increases at employees whose roles have increased in scope materially during the year and those whose salary is behind market rates. At more senior levels, base salaries tend to be adjusted less frequently as the emphasis is increasingly on the discretionary bonus.
Schroders believes that a discretionary incentive scheme approach is preferable to the use of formulaic arrangements to ensure that good conduct and behaviors in line with Schroders values are rewarded, to avoid reinforcing or creating conflicts of interest and to encourage a one team attitude. Any discretionary bonus is determined by a number of factors. At a macro level the total amount available to spend is a function of the compensation to revenue ratio achieved by Schroders globally. Schroders then assesses the performance of the division and of a management team to determine the share of the aggregate bonus pool that is spent in each area. This focus on “team” maintains consistency and minimizes internal competition that may be detrimental to the interests of Schroders’ clients. For each team, Schroders assesses the performance of their Funds relative to competitors and to relevant benchmarks (which may be internally-and/or externally-based and are considered over a range of performance periods, including over one and three year periods), the level of Funds under management and the level of performance fees generated, if any. The portfolio managers’ compensation for other accounts they manage may be based upon such accounts’ performance.
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Schroders also reviews “softer” factors such as leadership, contribution to other parts of the business, and adherence to our corporate values of excellence, integrity, teamwork, passion, and innovation. For those employees receiving significant bonuses, a part may be deferred in the form of Schroders plc stock and fund-based awards of notional cash investments in a range of Schroders funds.
These deferrals vest over a period of three years or more and seek to ensure that the interests of employees are aligned with those of clients and shareholders.
EQUITY SECURITIES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY SCHRODERS PORTFOLIO MANAGERS
The dollar ranges of equity securities beneficially owned by the Schroders portfolio managers in the Fund they manage are as follows for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020:.
PORTFOLIO MANAGER
FUND SUB-ADVISED
DOLLAR RANGE OF EQUITY SECURITIES
BENEFICIALLY OWNED
Julio C. Bonilla, CFA
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$1 - $10,000
Andrew B.J. Chorlton, CFA
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
Over $100,000
Lisa Hornby, CFA
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
None
David May 1
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$1 - $10,000
Neil G. Sutherland, CFA
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
None
1
Mr. May became a portfolio manager to the Tax-Aware Bond Fund on October 1, 2020.
Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage
The Trust has no obligation to deal with any dealer or group of dealers in the execution of transactions in portfolio securities.
Subject to any policy established by the Trust’s Board of Trustees and HFMC, each sub-adviser is primarily responsible for the investment decisions of each Fund and the placing of its portfolio transactions. In placing brokerage orders, it is the policy of the Funds to obtain the most favorable net results, taking into account various factors, including price, dealer spread or commission, if any, size of the transaction and difficulty of execution. While each sub-adviser generally seeks reasonably competitive spreads or commissions, the Funds do not necessarily pay the lowest possible spread or commission. HFMC may instruct the sub-adviser to direct certain brokerage transactions, using best efforts, subject to obtaining best execution, to broker/dealers in connection with a commission recapture program used to defray fund expenses for a Fund.
Each sub-adviser generally deals directly with the dealers who make a market in the securities involved (unless better prices and execution are available elsewhere) if the securities are traded primarily in the over-the-counter market. Such dealers usually act as principals for their own account. On occasion, securities may be purchased directly from the issuer. In addition, each sub-adviser may effect certain “riskless principal” transactions through certain dealers in the over-the-counter market under which “commissions” are paid on such transactions. Bonds and money market securities are generally traded on a net basis and do not normally involve either brokerage commissions or transfer taxes.
While the sub-adviser seeks to obtain the most favorable net results in effecting transactions in a Fund’s portfolio securities, broker-dealers who provide investment research to the sub-adviser may receive orders for transactions from the sub-adviser. Such research services ordinarily consist of assessments and analyses of or affecting the business or prospects of a company, industry, economic sector or financial market. To the extent consistent with Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), the sub-adviser may cause a Fund to pay a broker-dealer that provides “brokerage and research services” (as defined in the 1934 Act) to the sub-adviser an amount in respect of securities transactions for the Fund in excess of the amount that another broker-dealer would have charged in respect of that transaction. See “Soft Dollar Practices” below.
To the extent that accounts managed by each sub-adviser are simultaneously engaged in the purchase of the same security as a Fund, then, as authorized by the Trust’s Board of Trustees, available securities may be allocated to the Fund and another client account and may be averaged as to price in a manner determined by the sub-adviser to be fair and equitable. Such allocation and pricing may affect the amount of brokerage commissions paid by the Fund. In some cases, this system might adversely affect the price paid by a Fund (for example, during periods of rapidly rising or falling interest rates) or limit the size of the position obtainable for the Fund (for example, in the case of a small issue).
Accounts managed by each sub-adviser (or its affiliates) may hold securities also held by the Fund. Because of different investment objectives or other factors, a particular security may be purchased by the sub-adviser for one client when one or more other clients are selling the same security.
For the fiscal years ended July 31, 2020, July 31, 2019 and the fiscal period ended July 31, 2018, the Funds paid the following brokerage commissions:
Fund Name
2020
2019
2018
Core Bond ETF
$0 1
N/A
N/A
61

Fund Name
2020
2019
2018
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$0
$0
$0 2
Short Duration ETF
$0
$0
$0 3
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$0
$0
$0 4
Total Return Bond ETF
$0
$0
$0 5
1
The information presented above is from February 19, 2020 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2020.
2
The information presented above is from December 13, 2017 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
3
The information presented above is from May 30, 2018 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
4
The information presented above is from April 18, 2018 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
5
The information presented above is from September 27, 2017 (commencement of operations) through July 31, 2018.
Commission rates are established by country and trade method used to execute a given order. Any changes in the amount of brokerage commissions paid by a Fund are due to these factors as well as the Fund’s asset growth, cash flows and changes in portfolio turnover.
SOFT DOLLAR PRACTICES. The sub-advisers are responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management activities of each respective Fund, including effecting securities transactions. As noted above, to the extent consistent with Section 28(e) of the 1934 Act, the sub-advisers may obtain “soft dollar” benefits in connection with the execution of transactions for each respective Fund. The sub-advisers may cause each respective Fund to pay a broker-dealer an amount in excess of the amount that another broker-dealer would have charged for the same transaction, in exchange for “brokerage and research services” (as defined in the 1934 Act). Information so received is in addition to and not in lieu of the services that the sub-adviser is required to perform under the applicable investment sub-advisory agreement. In circumstances where two or more broker-dealers are equally capable of providing best execution, the sub-adviser may, but is under no obligation to, choose the broker-dealer that provides superior research or analysis as determined by the sub-adviser in its sole discretion. Neither the management fees nor the sub-advisory fees paid by a Fund are reduced because the sub-adviser or its affiliates receive these services even though the sub-adviser or its affiliates might otherwise be required to purchase some of these services for cash. Some of these services are of value to the sub-adviser or its affiliates in advising various of their clients (including the Funds), although not all of these services are necessarily useful and of value in managing a Fund. These products and services may include research reports, access to management personnel, financial newsletters and trade journals, seminar and conference fees, quantitative analytical software, data services, communication services relating to (or incidental to) the execution, clearing and settlement of securities transactions, post-trade services relating to functions incidental to trade execution, and other products and services that are permitted under Section 28(e), as interpreted by the SEC from time to time. In certain instances, these products and services may have additional uses that are not related to brokerage or research. For such “mixed use” items, in accordance with SEC guidance, the sub-adviser will make a reasonable allocation of the cost of the item according to its expected use, and will pay for that portion of the item that does not have a brokerage or research-related component out of its own pocket.
The following table shows the dollar amount of brokerage commissions paid to firms selected in recognition of research services and the approximate dollar amount of the transactions involved for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020.
FUND
COMMISSIONS PAID TO FIRMS
SELECTED IN RECOGNITION OF
RESEARCH SERVICES
TOTAL AMOUNT OF TRANSACTIONS
TO FIRMS SELECTED IN RECOGNITION
OF RESEARCH SERVICES
Core Bond ETF*
$0
$0
Municipal Opportunities ETF*
$0
$0
Short Duration ETF*
$0
$0
Tax-Aware Bond ETF**
$0
$0
Total Return Bond ETF*
$0
$0
*
The commissions identified as being paid to brokers selected in recognition of research services include third-party research services only, and are calculated by applying Wellington Management’s firmwide percentage of commissions paid to the broker that would have been applied to the third- party research services as a percentage of the Wellington Management’s total activity with that broker. This calculated percentage is then applied across all of the Wellington Management’s client accounts to provide a pro rata reporting of the estimated third-party soft dollar commission amount. Wellington Management also receives proprietary research services provided directly by firms. However, the amounts of commissions attributable to such research services are not readily ascertainable and are not included in the table.
**
The provision of research services to SIMNA and its affiliates was not necessarily a factor in the placement of fund transactions with these firms.
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The following table identifies the Funds’ regular brokers or dealers (as defined under Rule 10b-1 of the 1940 Act) whose securities the Funds have acquired during the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 and the value of each Fund’s aggregate holdings of each such issuer as of July 31, 2020.
FUND
REGULAR BROKER OR DEALER
AGGREGATE VALUE
Core Bond ETF
 
Bank of America Securities, LLC
$1,734,452
 
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.
$1,182,240
 
Credit Suisse Group
$137,534
 
Goldman Sachs & Co.
$984,796
 
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc.
$2,798,031
 
Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.
$1,248,836
 
State Street Brokerage Services, Inc.
$257,531
 
Wells Fargo Securities LLC
$2,314,372
Municipal Opportunities ETF
 
N/A
N/A
Short Duration ETF
 
Bank of America Securities, LLC
$365,233
 
Barclays Bank plc
$404,888
 
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.
$903,395
 
Credit Suisse Group
$949,608
 
Goldman Sachs & Co.
$1,152,675
 
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc.
$733,939
 
Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.
$230,567
 
Wells Fargo Securities LLC
$368,026
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
 
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc.
$1,907,589
 
Wells Fargo Securities LLC
$387,953
Total Return Bond ETF
 
Bank of America Securities, LLC
$7,915,020
 
Citigroup Global Markets, Inc.
$6,415,359
 
Credit Suisse Group
$2,451,719
 
Goldman Sachs & Co.
$4,522,746
 
J.P. Morgan Securities, Inc.
$8,536,190
 
Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc.
$7,283,380
 
State Street Brokerage Services, Inc.
$1,142,576
 
Wells Fargo Securities LLC
$10,905,672
Fund Expenses
HFMC shall pay all expenses of the Trust, except for: (i) interest and taxes; (ii) brokerage commissions and other expenses (such as stamp taxes) connected with the execution of portfolio transactions; (iii) expenses incident to the creation and redemption of its shares; (iv) legal fees in connection with any arbitration, litigation or pending or threatened arbitration or litigation, including any settlements in connection therewith and any obligation which the Trust may have to indemnify its officers and Trustees with respect thereto; (v) distribution fees and expenses paid by the Trust under any distribution plan adopted pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act; (vi) such extraordinary non-recurring expenses as may arise; and (vii) acquired fund fees and expenses.
Distribution Arrangements
GENERAL
ALPS serves as the principal underwriter and distributor for the Funds pursuant to a Distribution Agreement initially approved by the Trust’s Board of Trustees. ALPS’ principal business address is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203. ALPS is a registered broker-dealer and member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The Distribution Agreement continues in effect for two years from initial approval and for successive one-year periods thereafter, provided that each such continuance is specifically approved (1) by the vote of a majority of the trustees of the Trust, including a majority of the trustees who are not parties to the Distribution Agreement or interested persons (as defined in the 1940 Act) of the Trust, or (2) by the vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of a Fund. ALPS will not distribute Shares in less than Creation Units, and it does not maintain a secondary market in the Shares. ALPS may enter into participant agreements (“Participant Agreements”) with other broker-dealers or other qualified financial institutions with respect to creations and redemptions of Creation Units.
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ADDITIONAL COMPENSATION PAYMENTS TO FINANCIAL INTERMEDIARIES. As stated in the prospectus under Payments to Financial Intermediaries and Other Entities, HFMC and/or its affiliates may make additional compensation payments out of their own assets, and not as an expense to or out of the assets of the Funds, to Financial Intermediaries for support and/or services related to activities that are designed to make registered representatives, other professionals and individual investors more knowledgeable about the Funds or for other activities, such as participation in marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, and the support of technology platforms and/or reporting systems. HFMC and/or its affiliates may also make payments to Financial Intermediaries for the provision of analytical or other data to HFMC or its affiliates relating to sales of Fund Shares. For these reasons, (1) if your Financial Intermediary receives greater payments with respect to a Fund than it receives with respect to other products, it may be more inclined to sell you shares of the Fund rather than another product and/or (2) if your Financial Intermediary receives greater payments with respect to a Fund, such payments may create an incentive for the Financial Intermediary to favor the Fund rather than other fund companies or investment products for which it may receive a lower payment. You may contact your Financial Intermediary if you want additional information regarding any additional payments it receives (“Additional Payments”). These Additional Payments, which would be in addition to commissions, account fees or other charges that your Financial Intermediary may assess, may create an incentive for your Financial Intermediary to sell and recommend the Funds over other products for which it may receive less compensation.
COMMISSIONS TO DEALERS
For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, ALPS did not receive any commissions for the sale of Fund shares.
DISTRIBUTION PLAN
The Board has approved the adoption of a distribution plan (a “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act for shares of each Fund. Pursuant to the Plan, each Fund may pay ALPS a fee of up to 0.25% of the average daily net assets attributable to shares for distribution financing activities and shareholder account servicing activities. The entire amount of the fee may be used for shareholder servicing expenses and/or distribution expenses. However, no 12b-1 Plan fee is currently charged to the Funds, and there are no plans in place to impose a 12b-1 Plan fee.
The 12b-1 Plan fee may only be imposed or increased when the Board of Trustees determines that it is in the best interests of shareholders to do so. Because these fees are paid out of a Fund’s assets on an ongoing basis, to the extent that a fee is authorized, over time it will increase the cost of an investment in the Fund. The 12b-1 Plan fee may cost an investor more than other types of sales charges.
GENERAL. Distribution fees paid to ALPS, if authorized by the Board in the future, may be spent on any activities or expenses primarily intended to result in the sale of a Fund’s shares including, but not limited to: (a) payment of initial and ongoing commissions and other compensation payments to brokers, dealers, financial institutions or others who sell the Fund’s shares; (b) compensation to employees of ALPS; (c) compensation to and expenses, including overhead such as communications and telephone, training, supplies, photocopying and similar types of expenses, of ALPS incurred in the printing and mailing or other dissemination of all prospectuses and statements of additional information; and (d) the costs of preparation, printing and mailing reports used for sales literature and related expenses, advertisements and other distribution related expenses (including personnel of ALPS). If authorized by the Board in the future, service fees paid under the Plan are payments for the provision of personal service and/or the maintenance of shareholder accounts. The Plan is considered a compensation type plan, which means that a Fund pays ALPS the entire fee, if authorized by the Board in the future, regardless of ALPS’ expenditures. Even if ALPS’ actual expenditures exceed the fee payable to ALPS, if authorized by the Board in the future, at any given time, the Fund will not be obligated to pay more than that fee. If ALPS’ actual expenditures are less than the fee payable to ALPS, if authorized by the Board in the future, at any given time, ALPS may realize a profit from the arrangement.
The Plan was adopted by a majority vote of the Board of Trustees of the Trust, including at least a majority of trustees who are not, and were not at the time they voted, interested persons of a Fund as defined in the 1940 Act and do not and did not have any direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan, cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan. In approving the Plan, the trustees identified and considered a number of potential benefits that the Plan may provide to a Fund and its shareholders. Under its terms, the Plan remains in effect from year to year provided such continuance is approved annually by vote of the trustees of the Trust in the manner described above. The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the amount to be spent for distribution without approval of the shareholders of a Fund affected by the increase, and material amendments to the Plan must also be approved by the Board of Trustees in the manner described above. The Plan may be terminated at any time, without payment of any penalty, by vote of the majority of the trustees of the Trust who are not interested persons of a Fund and have no direct or indirect financial interest in the operations of the Plan, or by a vote of a “majority of the outstanding voting securities” of the Fund. The Plan will automatically terminate in the event of its assignment.
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Creation and Redemption of Shares
The Trust will issue and sell shares of the Funds only in Creation Units on a continuous basis through the Distributor, without a sales load, at the NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form as described in the Participant Agreement, on any Business Day (as defined below).
In its discretion, HFMC reserves the right to increase or decrease the number of a Fund’s shares that constitute a Creation Unit. The Board reserves the right to declare a split or a consolidation in the number of shares outstanding of a Fund, and to make a corresponding change in the number of shares constituting a Creation Unit, in the event that the per share price in the secondary market rises (or declines) to an amount that falls outside the range deemed desirable by the Board.
A “Business Day” with respect to the Funds is each day the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE” or the “Exchange”) is open. Orders from Authorized Participants to create or redeem Creation Units will only be accepted on a Business Day.
The time at which transactions and shares are priced and the time by which orders must be received may be changed in case of an emergency or if regular trading on the NYSE is stopped at a time other than its regularly scheduled closing time. The Trust reserves the right to reprocess creation and redemption transactions that were initially processed at a NAV other than a Fund’s official closing NAV (as the same may be subsequently adjusted), and to recover amounts from (or distribute amounts to) Authorized Participants based on the official closing NAV. The Trust reserves the right to advance the time by which creation and redemption orders must be received for same business day credit as otherwise permitted by the SEC.
FUND DEPOSIT
The consideration for purchase of Creation Units will generally consist of Deposit Securities and the Cash Component (together, the “Fund Deposit”), or, as permitted or required by the Fund, other in-kind securities and/or cash. The portfolio of securities required in a Fund Deposit may be different than the portfolio of securities a Fund will deliver upon redemption of Fund shares. Due to various legal and operational constraints in certain asset classes or countries in which a Fund invests, Creation Units of the Fund may be issued wholly or partially for cash. The Deposit Securities and Cash Component are subject to any adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of a Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities and Cash Component is made available.
The function of the Cash Component is to compensate for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the Deposit Amount (as defined below). The Cash Component would be an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the “Deposit Amount,” which is an amount equal to the market value of the Deposit Securities. If the Cash Component is a positive number (the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will deliver the Cash Component. If the Cash Component is a negative number (the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the Deposit Amount), the Authorized Participant will receive the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant. The Cash Component may also include a “Dividend Equivalent Payment,” which enables each Fund to make a complete distribution of dividends on the next dividend payment date, and is an amount equal, on a per Creation Unit basis, to the dividends on all the securities held by the Fund with ex-dividend dates within the accumulation period for such distribution (the “Accumulation Period”), net of expenses and liabilities for such period, as if all of the securities had been held by the Trust for the entire Accumulation Period. The Accumulation Period begins on the ex-dividend date for a Fund and ends on the next ex-dividend date.
The State Street Bank and Trust Company (the “Transfer Agent”), through the NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time), the identity and the required number or amount of each Deposit Security and the amount of the Cash Component to be included in the current Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day). Such fund deposit is applicable, subject to any adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next announced composition of the Fund Deposit is made available.
The Trust reserves the right to accept a basket of securities or cash that differs from a published or transacted Fund Deposit or to permit or require the substitution of an amount of cash (a “cash-in-lieu” amount), or the substitution of a security, to replace any Deposit for any reason at the Trust’s sole discretion but is not required to do so. With respect to each Fund, the adjustments to the proportions of Deposit Securities described above will reflect changes known to HFMC on the date of announcement to be in effect by the time of delivery of the Fund Deposit or from stock splits and other corporate actions.
PROCEDURES FOR CREATING CREATION UNITS
To be eligible to place orders with the Distributor and to create a Creation Unit of a Fund, an entity must be: (i) a “Participating Party,” i.e. a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC (the “Clearing Process”), a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC; or (ii) a participant of DTC (“DTC Participant”) and must have executed a Participant Agreement with the Distributor (and accepted by the Transfer Agent), with respect to creations and
65

redemptions of Creation Units (discussed below). A Participating Party or DTC Participant who has executed a Participant Agreement is referred to as an “Authorized Participant.” All shares of a Fund, however created, will be entered on the records of DTC in the name of its nominee for the account of a DTC Participant.
Except as described below, and in all cases subject to the terms of the applicable Participant Agreement, all orders to create Creation Units of a Fund must be received by the Transfer Agent no later than 4:00 p.m., Eastern time ("Order Cutoff Time") in each case on the date such order is placed for creation of Creation Units to be effected based on the NAV of shares of a Fund as next determined after receipt of an order in proper form. A “Custom Order” may be placed by an Authorized Participant in the event that a Fund accepts (or delivers, in the case of a redemption) a basket of securities or cash that differs from the published Deposit Securities or Fund Securities (discussed below). Custom Orders must be received by the Transfer Agent at such earlier time as provided in the Participant Agreement. On days when the Exchange closes earlier than normal (such as the day before a holiday), a Fund will require standard orders to create Creation Units to be placed by the earlier closing time and Custom Orders to create Creation Units must be received no later than one hour prior to the earlier closing time. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust may, but is not required to, permit orders, including Custom Orders, until 4:00 p.m., Eastern time, or until the market close (in the event the Exchange closes early). The date on which an order to create Creation Units (or an order to redeem Creation Units, as discussed below) is placed is referred to as the “Transmittal Date.” Orders must be transmitted by an Authorized Participant through the Transfer Agent’s electronic order system or by telephone or other transmission method acceptable to the Transfer Agent pursuant to procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement. Economic or market disruptions or changes, or telephone or other communication failure may impede the ability to reach the Transfer Agent, Distributor or an Authorized Participant.
All investor orders to create Creation Units shall be placed with an Authorized Participant in the form required by such Authorized Participant. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request that an investor make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to an order (to provide for payments of cash). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not have executed a Participant Agreement and, therefore, orders to create Creation Units of a Fund will have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, there may be additional charges to such investor. A limited number of broker-dealers are expected to execute a Participant Agreement and only a small number of such Authorized Participants are expected to have international capabilities.
Creation Units may be created in advance of the receipt by the Trust of all or a portion of the Fund Deposit. In such cases, the Authorized Participant will remain liable for the full deposit of the missing portion(s) of the Fund Deposit and will be required to post collateral with the Trust consisting of cash at least equal to a percentage of the marked-to-market value of such missing portion(s) that is specified in the Participant Agreement. The Trust may use such collateral to buy the missing portion(s) of the Fund Deposit at any time and will subject such Authorized Participant to liability for any shortfall between the cost to the Trust of purchasing such securities and the value of such collateral. The Trust will have no liability for any such shortfall. The Trust will return any unused portion of the collateral to the Authorized Participant once the entire Fund Deposit has been properly received by the Transfer Agent and deposited into the Trust.
Orders for Creation Units that are effected outside the Clearing Process are likely to require transmittal by the DTC Participant earlier on the Transmittal Date than orders effected using the Clearing Process. Those persons placing orders outside the Clearing Process should ascertain the deadlines applicable to DTC and the Federal Reserve Bank wire system by contacting the operations department of the broker or depository institution effectuating such transfer of Deposit Securities and Cash Component.
Orders to create Creation Units of a Fund may be placed through the Clearing Process using procedures applicable to domestic funds for domestic securities (“Domestic Funds”) (see “Placement of Creation Orders Using Clearing Process”) or outside the Clearing Process using the procedures applicable to either Domestic Funds or foreign funds for foreign securities (“Foreign Funds”) (see “ Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process Domestic Funds” and “ Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process Foreign Funds”). In the event that the Fund includes both domestic and foreign securities, the time for submitting orders is as stated in the “Placement of Creation Orders Outside Clearing Process Foreign Funds” and “Placement of Redemption Orders Outside Clearing Process Foreign Funds” sections below shall operate.
PLACEMENT OF CREATION ORDERS USING CLEARING PROCESS
Fund Deposits created through the Clearing Process, if available, must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed a Participant Agreement.
The Participant Agreement authorizes the Transfer Agent to transmit to NSCC on behalf of the Participating Party such trade instructions as are necessary to effect the Participating Party’s creation order. Pursuant to such trade instructions from the Transfer Agent to NSCC, the Participating Party agrees to transfer the requisite Deposit Securities (or contracts to purchase such Deposit Securities that are expected to be delivered in a “regular way” manner by the second (2nd) Business Day) and the Cash Component to the Trust, together with such additional information as may be required by the Transfer Agent and the Distributor as set forth in the Participant Agreement. An order to create Creation Units of a Fund through the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Transfer Agent on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than the Order Cutoff Time on such Transmittal Date and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. All orders are subject to acceptance by the Distributor.
66

PLACEMENT OF CREATION ORDERS OUTSIDE CLEARING PROCESS DOMESTIC FUNDS
Fund Deposits created outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed a Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order creating Creation Units of a Fund to be effected outside the Clearing Process need not be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that the creation of Creation Units will instead be effected through a transfer of securities and cash. The Fund Deposit transfer must be ordered by the DTC Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure the delivery of the requisite number of Deposit Securities through DTC to the account of the Trust no later than 11:00 a.m. Eastern time, of the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities to be delivered, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any tendered securities, will be determined by the Trust, whose determination shall be final and binding. The cash equal to the Cash Component must be transferred directly to the Transfer Agent through the Federal Reserve wire system in a timely manner so as to be received by the Transfer Agent no later than 2:00 p.m. Eastern time on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date. An order to create Creation Units of a Fund outside the Clearing Process will be deemed received by the Transfer Agent on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than the Order Cutoff Time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed. However, if the Transfer Agent does not receive both the requisite Deposit Securities and the Cash Component in a timely fashion on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date, such order will be cancelled. Upon written notice to the Transfer Agent, such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit as newly constituted to reflect the current NAV of a Fund. The delivery of Creation Units so created will occur no later than the second (2nd) Business Day following the day on which the creation order is deemed received by the Transfer Agent.
Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected outside the Clearing Process (through a DTC participant) and in circumstances in which any cash can be used in lieu of Deposit Securities to create Creation Units. (See “Creation Transaction Fee” section below.)
PLACEMENT OF CREATION ORDERS OUTSIDE CLEARING PROCESS FOREIGN FUNDS
The Transfer Agent will inform the Distributor, HFMC and State Street Bank and Trust Company (“the Custodian”) upon receipt of a Creation Order. The Custodian will then provide such information to the appropriate subcustodian. For the Funds, the Custodian will cause the subcustodian of the Funds to maintain an account into which the Deposit Securities (or the cash value of all or part of such securities, in the case of a permitted or required cash purchase or “cash-in-lieu” amount) will be delivered. Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained at the applicable local custodian. The Fund must also receive, on or before the contractual settlement date, immediately available or same day funds estimated by the Custodian to be sufficient to pay the Cash Component next determined after receipt in proper form of the purchase order, together with the creation transaction fee described below.
Once the Distributor has accepted a creation order, the Transfer Agent will confirm the issuance of a Creation Unit of a Fund against receipt of payment, at such NAV as will have been calculated after receipt in proper form of such order. The Transfer Agent will then transmit a confirmation of acceptance of such order.
Creation Units will not be issued until the transfer of good title to the Trust of the Deposit Securities and the payment of the Cash Component and applicable transaction fee have been completed. When the subcustodian has confirmed to the Custodian that the required Deposit Securities (or the cash value thereof) have been delivered to the account of the relevant subcustodian, the Distributor and HFMC will be notified of such delivery and the Transfer Agent will issue and cause the delivery of the Creation Units.
ACCEPTANCE OF CREATION ORDERS
The Trust and the Distributor reserve the absolute right to reject or revoke acceptance of a creation order transmitted to it in respect to a Fund, for example if: (i) the order is not in proper form; (ii) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of the Fund; (iii) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would have certain adverse tax consequences to the Fund; (iv) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (v) acceptance of the Fund Deposit would otherwise, in the discretion of the Trust or HFMC, have an adverse effect on the Trust or the rights of beneficial owners of the Fund; or (vi) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Trust, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor or HFMC make it for all practical purposes impossible to process creation orders. The Distributor shall notify the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of the creator of a Creation Unit of its rejection of the order of such person. Neither the Trust, the Transfer Agent, the Distributor nor HFMC are under any duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in the delivery of Fund Deposits nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification.
All questions as to the number of shares of Deposit Securities and the validity, form, eligibility, and acceptance for deposit of any securities to be delivered and the amount and form of the Cash Component, as applicable, shall be determined by the Trust, and the Trust’s determination shall be final and binding.
67

CREATION TRANSACTION FEE
A creation transaction fee payable to the Custodian is imposed on each creation transaction regardless of the number of Creation Units purchased in the transaction, as described in the table below. Where the Trust permits or specifies cash creations, an Authorized Participant submitting a cash creation order may also be assessed a variable transaction fee on the cash portion of its order up to a maximum amount as indicated in the table below.
FUND
STANDARD CASH
TRANSACTION FEE*
STANDARD IN-KIND
TRANSACTION FEE*
MAXIMUM VARIABLE
TRANSACTION FEE**
Core Bond ETF
$100
$400
3%
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$100
$400
3%
Short Duration ETF
$100
$400
3%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$100
$500
3%
Total Return Bond ETF
$100
$500
3%
*
From time to time, the Fund may waive all or a portion of its applicable transaction fee(s). A maximum transaction fee of up to $1,600 for each of Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF and Short Duration ETF, and a maximum transaction fee of up to $2,000 for Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF may be charged to the extent a transaction is outside of the clearing process.
**
Each Fund may charge an additional variable transaction fee for creations in cash to offset brokerage and impact expenses associated with the cash transaction. The variable transaction fee will be calculated based on historical transaction cost data and HFMC’s view of current market conditions; however, the actual variable fee charged for a given transaction may be lower or higher than the trading expenses incurred by the Fund with respect to that transaction.
In the case of cash creations or where the Trust permits or requires a creator to substitute cash, or another security, in lieu of depositing a portion of the Deposit Securities, the creator may be assessed an additional variable transaction fee to compensate a Fund for the costs associated with purchasing the applicable securities as disclosed in the table above. (See “Fund Deposit” section above.) As a result, in order to seek to replicate the in-kind creation order process, the Trust expects to purchase, in the secondary market or otherwise gain exposure to, the portfolio securities that could have been delivered as a result of an in-kind creation order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Market Purchases”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Purchases, the Authorized Participant may be required to reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were purchased by the Trust and the cash in lieu amount (which amount, at HFMC’s discretion, may be capped), applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes. HFMC may adjust the transaction fee to the extent the composition of the creation securities changes or cash in lieu is added to the Cash Component to protect existing shareholders. Creators of Creation Units are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the account of the Trust. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” for additional information regarding certain cash creation transactions. From time to time, all or a portion of a Fund’s creation transaction fees may be waived at the sole discretion of the Fund, including where an Authorized Participant is engaged in certain customized creation and redemption basket activity that is designed to benefit the Fund. To the extent a Fund does not recoup the amount of costs incurred in connection with a creation transaction, those costs will be borne by the Fund and may negatively affect the Fund’s performance.
REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form on a Business Day and only through a Participating Party or DTC Participant who has executed a Participant Agreement. The Funds will not redeem shares in amounts less than Creation Units (except each Fund may redeem shares in amounts less than a Creation Unit in the event the Fund is being liquidated). Beneficial owners must accumulate enough shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by the Trust. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Authorized Participants should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit. All redemptions are subject to the procedures contained in the applicable Participant Agreement.
With respect to each Fund, the Transfer Agent, through the NSCC, makes available prior to the opening of business on the Exchange (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) on each Business Day, the identity and number or amount of the Fund’s securities (“Fund Securities”) and/or an amount of cash that will be applicable (subject to possible amendment or correction) to redemption requests received in proper form (as described below) on that day. All orders are subject to acceptance by the Distributor. Each Fund’s securities received on redemption may not be identical to Deposit Securities that are applicable to creations of Creation Units.
Unless cash only redemptions are available or specified for a Fund, the redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will generally consist of Fund Securities as published on the Business Day of the request for a redemption order received in proper form plus cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares being redeemed, as next determined after a receipt of a request in proper form, and the value of the Fund Securities, less the redemption transaction fee and variable fees described below. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Trust reserves the right to deliver a basket of securities and/or cash that differs from a basket of Fund Securities and cash published or transacted for redemption on a Business Day, or to permit or require the substitution of an
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amount of cash (a “cash-in-lieu” amount) or another security to replace any Fund Security. Where “cash-in-lieu” is required or permitted, the amount of cash, or the value of the substituted security, paid out in such cases will be equivalent to the value of the instrument listed as a Fund Security. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the shares, a compensating cash payment equal to the difference is required to be made by an Authorized Participant.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws, and each Fund reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash, or to substitute securities, to the extent that the Trust could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities upon redemptions or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant, or a beneficial owner of shares for which it is acting, subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the redemption of a Creation Unit may be paid an equivalent amount of cash or securities. This would specifically prohibit delivery of Fund Securities that are not registered in reliance upon Rule 144A under the 1933 Act to a redeeming beneficial owner of shares that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act. The Authorized Participant may request the redeeming beneficial owner of the shares to complete an order form or to enter into agreements with respect to such matters as compensating cash or securities payment.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the date of payment postponed with respect to each Fund: (i) for any period during which the Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (ii) for any period during which trading on the Exchange is suspended or restricted; (iii) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which disposal by the Fund of securities it owns or determination of the Fund’s NAV is not reasonably practicable; or (iv) in such other circumstances as permitted by the SEC.
An Authorized Participant submitting a redemption request is deemed to represent to the Trust that it (or its client) (i) has full legal authority and legal right to tender for redemption the requisite number of shares of each Fund and to receive the entire proceeds of the redemption and (ii) if such shares submitted for redemption have been loaned or pledged to another party or are the subject of a repurchase agreement, securities lending agreement or any other arrangement affecting legal or beneficial ownership of such shares being tendered there are no restrictions precluding the tender and delivery of such shares (including borrowed shares, if any) for redemption, free and clear of liens, on the redemption settlement date. The Trust reserves the right to verify these representations at its discretion, but will typically require verification with respect to a redemption request from the Fund in connection with higher levels of redemption activity and/or short interest in the Fund. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Trust, the redemption request will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Trust. In addition, if the Distributor and/or the Trust have reason to believe that an Authorized Participant, does not own or otherwise have available for delivery the requisite number of Fund shares that comprise a Creation Unit, the Distributor and/or the Trust may require the Authorized Participant to deliver or execute supporting documentation evidencing ownership or its right to deliver sufficient Fund shares in order for the request for redemption to be in proper form. If such documentation is not satisfactory to the Distributor and/or the Trust, in their reasonable discretion, the Distributor may reject the request for redemption.
If the Trust determines, based on information available to the Trust when a redemption request is submitted by an Authorized Participant, that (i) the short interest of a Fund in the marketplace is greater than or equal to 100% and (ii) the orders in the aggregate from all Authorized Participants redeeming Fund shares on a Business Day represent 25% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, such Authorized Participant will be required to verify to the Trust the accuracy of its representations that are deemed to have been made by submitting a request for redemption. If, after receiving notice of the verification requirement, the Authorized Participant does not verify the accuracy of its representations that are deemed to have been made by submitting a request for redemption in accordance with this requirement, its redemption request will be considered not to have been received in proper form.
REDEMPTION TRANSACTION FEE
A redemption transaction fee payable to the Custodian is imposed on each redemption transaction regardless of the number of Creation Units redeemed in the transaction, as described in the table below. Where the Trust permits or specifies cash redemptions, an Authorized Participant submitting a cash redemption order may also be assessed a variable transaction fee on the cash portion of its order up to a maximum amount as indicated in the table below.
FUND
STANDARD CASH
TRANSACTION FEE*
STANDARD IN-KIND
TRANSACTION FEE*
MAXIMUM VARIABLE
TRANSACTION FEE**
Core Bond ETF
$100
$400
2%
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$100
$400
2%
Short Duration ETF
$100
$400
2%
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$100
$500
2%
Total Return Bond ETF
$100
$500
2%
*
From time to time, the Fund may waive all or a portion of its applicable transaction fee(s). A maximum transaction fee of up to $1,600 for Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF and Short Duration ETF, and maximum transaction fee of up to $2,000 for Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF may be charged to the extent a transaction is outside of the clearing process.
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**
The Fund may charge an additional variable transaction fee for redemptions in cash to offset brokerage and impact expenses associated with the cash transaction. The variable transaction fee will be calculated based on historical transaction cost data and HFMC’s view of current market conditions; however, the actual variable fee charged for a given transaction may be lower or higher than the trading expenses incurred by the Fund with respect to that transaction.
An additional variable transaction fee for cash redemptions or partial cash redemptions (when cash redemptions are permitted or required for a Fund) may be imposed to compensate the Fund for the costs associated with selling the applicable securities as disclosed in the table above. As a result, in order to seek to replicate the in-kind redemption order process, the Trust expects to sell, in the secondary market, the portfolio securities or settle any financial instruments that may not be permitted to be re-registered in the name of the Participating Party as a result of an in-kind redemption order pursuant to local law or market convention, or for other reasons (“Market Sales”). In such cases where the Trust makes Market Sales, the Authorized Participant may be required to reimburse the Trust for, among other things, any difference between the market value at which the securities and/or financial instruments were sold or settled by the Trust and the cash in lieu amount (which amount, at HFMC’s discretion, may be capped), applicable registration fees, brokerage commissions and certain taxes (“Transaction Costs”). HFMC may adjust the transaction fee to the extent the composition of the redemption securities changes or cash in lieu is added to the Cash Component to protect existing shareholders. In no event will fees charged by a Fund in connection with a redemption exceed 2% of the value of each Creation Unit. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may be charged a fee for such services. See “Portfolio Transactions and Brokerage” for additional information regarding certain cash redemption transactions. From time to time, all or a portion of a Fund’s redemption transaction fee may be waived at the sole discretion of the Fund, including where an Authorized Participant is engaged in certain customized creation and redemption basket activity that is designed to benefit the Fund. To the extent a Fund does not recoup the amount of Transaction Costs incurred in connection with a redemption from the redeeming shareholder because of the 2% cap or otherwise, those Transaction Costs will be borne by the Fund and may negatively affect the Fund’s performance.
PLACEMENT OF REDEMPTION ORDERS USING CLEARING PROCESS
Orders to redeem Creation Units of a Fund through the Clearing Process, if available, must be delivered through a Participating Party that has executed the Participant Agreement. An order to redeem Creation Units of the Fund using the Clearing Process is deemed received on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on such Transmittal Date; and (ii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed; such order will be effected based on the NAV of the Fund as next determined. An order to redeem Creation Units of a Fund using the Clearing Process made in proper form but received by the Fund after 4:00 p.m. Eastern time , will be deemed received on the next Business Day immediately following the Transmittal Date. The requisite Fund Securities (or contracts to purchase such Fund Securities which are expected to be delivered in a “regular way” manner) and the applicable cash payment will be transferred by the second (2nd) Business Day following the date on which such request for redemption is deemed received.
PLACEMENT OF REDEMPTION ORDERS OUTSIDE CLEARING PROCESS DOMESTIC FUNDS
Orders to redeem Creation Units of a Fund outside the Clearing Process must be delivered through a DTC Participant that has executed the Participant Agreement. A DTC Participant who wishes to place an order for redemption of Creation Units of a Fund to be effected outside the Clearing Process need not be a Participating Party, but such orders must state that the DTC Participant is not using the Clearing Process and that redemption of Creation Units of the Fund will instead be effected through transfer of Creation Units of the Fund directly through DTC. An order to redeem Creation Units of a Fund outside the Clearing Process is deemed received by the Transfer Agent on the Transmittal Date if (i) such order is received by the Transfer Agent not later than 4:00 p.m. Eastern time on such Transmittal Date; (ii) such order is preceded or accompanied by the requisite number of shares of Creation Units specified in such order, which delivery must be made through DTC to the Transfer Agent no later than 11:00 a.m. Eastern time on such Transmittal Date; and (iii) all other procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement are properly followed.
After the Transfer Agent has deemed an order for redemption outside the Clearing Process received, the Transfer Agent will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities (or contracts to purchase such Fund Securities) which are expected to be delivered within two Business Days and the cash redemption payment to the redeeming Beneficial Owner by the second Business Day following the Transmittal Date on which such redemption order is deemed received by the Transfer Agent. Additional transaction fees may be imposed with respect to transactions effected outside the Clearing Process. (See “Redemption Transaction Fee” section above.)
PLACEMENT OF REDEMPTION ORDERS OUTSIDE CLEARING PROCESS FOREIGN FUNDS
Arrangements satisfactory to the Trust must be in place for the Participating Party to transfer the Creation Units through DTC on or before the settlement date. Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable U.S. federal and state securities laws and a Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits or requires cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash.
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In connection with taking delivery of shares for Fund Securities upon redemption of Creation Units, a redeeming shareholder or entity acting on behalf of a redeeming shareholder must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded, to which account such Fund Securities will be delivered. If neither the redeeming shareholder nor the entity acting on behalf of a redeeming shareholder has appropriate arrangements to take delivery of the Fund Securities in the applicable foreign jurisdiction and it is not possible to make other such arrangements, or if it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities in such jurisdictions, the Trust may, in its discretion, exercise its option to redeem such shares in cash, and the redeeming shareholder will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash.
Regular Foreign Holidays. Each Fund generally intends to effect deliveries of Creation Units and portfolio securities on a basis of “T” plus two Business Days (i.e., days on which the national securities exchange is open) (“T+2”). The Funds may effect deliveries of Creation Units and portfolio securities on a basis other than T+2 in order to accommodate local holiday schedules, to account for different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and ex-dividend dates or under certain other circumstances. The ability of the Trust to effect in-kind creations and redemptions within two Business Days of receipt of an order in good form is subject, among other things, to the condition that, within the time period from the date of the order to the date of delivery of the securities, there are no days that are holidays in the applicable foreign market. For every occurrence of one or more intervening holidays in the applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market, the redemption settlement cycle may be extended by the number of such intervening holidays. In addition to holidays, other unforeseeable closings in a foreign market due to emergencies may also prevent the Trust from delivering securities within normal settlement periods. The securities delivery cycles currently practicable for transferring portfolio securities to redeeming Authorized Participants, coupled with foreign market holiday schedules, will require a delivery process longer than seven calendar days for the Funds, in certain circumstances. The proclamation of new holidays, the treatment by market participants of certain days as “informal holidays” (e.g., days on which no or limited securities transactions occur, as a result of substantially shortened trading hours), the elimination of existing holidays, or changes in local securities delivery practices, could affect the information set forth herein at some time in the future. Because the portfolio securities of each Fund may trade on days that the Fund’s exchange is closed or on days that are not Business Days for the Fund, Authorized Participants may not be able to redeem their shares of the Fund, or to purchase and sell shares of the Fund on the Exchange, on days when the NAV of the Fund could be significantly affected by events in the relevant non-U.S. markets.
Redemptions. The longest redemption cycle for a Fund is a function of the longest redemption cycle among the countries whose securities comprise the Fund’s portfolio.
Securities Lending
For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Funds were permitted to lend their portfolio securities to certain qualified borrowers pursuant to an agreement between the Trust and Citibank, N.A. As securities lending agent, Citibank, N.A. administers the Funds’ securities lending program. The services provided to the Funds by Citibank, N.A. with respect to the Funds’ securities lending activities during the most recent fiscal year included, among other things: locating approved borrowers and arranging loans; collecting fees and rebates due to a Fund from a borrower; monitoring daily the value of the loaned securities and collateral and marking to market the daily value of securities on loan; collecting and maintaining necessary collateral; managing qualified dividends; negotiating loan terms; selecting securities to be loaned; recordkeeping and account servicing; monitoring dividend activity relating to loaned securities; and arranging for return of loaned securities to a Fund at loan termination and pursuing contractual remedies on behalf of the lending Fund if a borrower defaults on a loan. Amounts shown below may differ from amounts disclosed in the Funds’ Annual Report as a result of timing differences, reconciliation, and certain other adjustments. For the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the following sets forth any earned income and incurred costs and expenses as a result of securities lending activities and the receipt of related services:
FUND NAME
Gross Income
from securities
lending
activities
Fees paid to
securities
lending agent
from a revenue
split
Fees paid for
any cash
collateral
management
service
(including fees
deducted from
a pooled cash
collateral
reinvestment
vehicle) not
included in the
revenue split
Rebates (paid
to borrower)
Aggregate fees
/ compensation
from securities
lending
activities
Net income
from securities
lending
activities
Core Bond ETF
$3.85
$0.35
$0.00
$0.12
$0.47
$3.38
Municipal Opportunities ETF
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Short Duration ETF
$1,142.19
$55.28
$11.39
$577.53
$644.20
$497.99
71

FUND NAME
Gross Income
from securities
lending
activities
Fees paid to
securities
lending agent
from a revenue
split
Fees paid for
any cash
collateral
management
service
(including fees
deducted from
a pooled cash
collateral
reinvestment
vehicle) not
included in the
revenue split
Rebates (paid
to borrower)
Aggregate fees
/ compensation
from securities
lending
activities
Net income
from securities
lending
activities
Tax-Aware Bond ETF
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
$0.00
Total Return Bond ETF
$16,858.18
$1,502.22
$25.14
$1,808.45
$3,335.81
$13,522.37
During the Funds’ fiscal year ended July 31, 2020, the Funds did not pay administrative fees, fees for indemnification, or other fees relating to the Funds’ securities lending activities that are not reflected above.
Determination of Net Asset Value
The NAV per share is determined for each Fund’s shares as of the close of regular trading on the NYSE (typically 4:00 p.m. Eastern time, the “Valuation Time”) on each day that the NYSE is open (the “Valuation Date”). The Funds are closed for business and do not price their shares on the following business holidays: New Year’s Day, Martin Luther King Day, Presidents’ Day, Good Friday, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and other holidays observed by the NYSE. If the NYSE is closed due to weather or other extraordinary circumstances on a day it would typically be open for business, a Fund may treat such day as a typical business day and accept purchase and redemption orders and calculate the Fund’s NAV in accordance with applicable law. The net asset value for the shares is determined by dividing the value of a Fund’s net assets by the number of shares outstanding. Information that becomes known to a Fund after the NAV has been calculated on a particular day will not generally be used to retroactively adjust the NAV determined earlier that day.
Capitalization and Voting Rights
The capitalization of the Trust consists solely of an unlimited number of shares of beneficial interest. The Board of Trustees may establish additional series (with different investment objectives and fundamental policies) at any time in the future. Establishment and offering of additional series will not alter the rights of the Trust’s shareholders. When issued, shares are fully paid, non-assessable, redeemable and freely transferable. Shares do not have preemptive rights or subscription rights.
Under Delaware law, shareholders are not personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. In addition, the Trust Instrument disclaims liability of the shareholders, Trustees or officers of the Trust for acts or obligations of the Trust, which are binding only on the assets and property of the Trust, and requires that notice of the disclaimer be given in each contract or obligation entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Trust Instrument also provides for indemnification out of Trust property for all loss and expense of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. However, there is no certainty that the limited liability of shareholders of a Delaware statutory trust will be recognized in every state. Even in such a circumstance, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability would be limited to circumstances in which the contractual disclaimer against shareholder liability is inoperative or the Trust itself is unable to meet its obligations, and thus should be considered remote.
As an investment company formed in Delaware, the Trust is not required to hold routine annual shareholder meetings. Meetings of shareholders will be called whenever one or more of the following, among other matters, is required to be acted upon by shareholders pursuant to the 1940 Act: (1) election of trustees or (2) approval of an investment management agreement or sub-advisory agreement.
Shares of common stock have equal voting rights (regardless of the net asset value per share). Shares do not have cumulative voting rights. Accordingly, the holders of more than 50% of the shares of the Trust voting for the election of trustees can elect all of the trustees if they choose to do so, and in such an event, the holders of the remaining shares would not be able to elect any trustees. Although trustees are not elected annually, shareholders have the right to remove one or more trustees. When required by law, if the holders of one third or more of the Trust’s outstanding shares request it in writing, a meeting of the Trust’s shareholders will be held to approve or disapprove the removal of trustee or trustees.
Matters in which the interests of all the Funds of the Trust are substantially identical (such as the election of trustees or the ratification of the selection of the independent registered public accounting firm) are voted on by all shareholders of the Trust without regard to the separate Funds. Matters that affect all or several Funds, but where the interests of the Funds are not substantially identical (such as approval of an investment management agreement) are voted on separately by the shareholders of
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the Fund for their Fund. Matters that affect only one Fund (such as a change in its fundamental policies) are voted on separately for the Fund by the shareholders of that Fund. Likewise, matters that affect only one class of shares of a Fund (such as approval of a plan of distribution) are voted on separately for that class by the holders of shares of that class.
Pursuant to the terms of the Participant Agreement, an Authorized Participant, to the extent that it is a beneficial or legal owner of Fund shares, will irrevocably appoint the Distributor as its agent and proxy with full authorization and power to vote (or abstain from voting) its beneficially or legally owned Fund shares. The Distributor intends to vote (or abstain from voting) the Authorized Participant’s beneficially or legally owned Fund shares in accordance with the Distributor’s proxy voting policies and procedures.
Shares entitle their holders to one vote per share (with proportionate voting for fractional shares). As used in the Prospectus or this Combined Statement of Additional Information, the phrase “vote of a majority of the outstanding shares” of a Fund (or the Trust) means the vote of the lesser of: (1) 67% of the shares of the Fund (or the Trust) present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy; or (2) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund (or the Trust).
The Trust or a Fund may be terminated by a majority vote of the Board of Trustees or the affirmative vote of a supermajority of the holders of the Trust or the Fund entitled to vote on termination. Although the shares are not automatically redeemable upon the occurrence of any specific event, the Trust’s organizational documents provide that the Board will have the unrestricted power to alter the number of shares in a Creation Unit. In the event of a termination of the Trust or a Fund, the Board, in its sole discretion, could determine to permit the shares to be redeemable in aggregations smaller than Creation Units or to be individually redeemable. In such circumstance, the Trust may make redemptions in-kind, for cash or for a combination of cash or securities.
Taxes
FEDERAL TAX STATUS OF THE FUNDS
The following discussion of the federal tax status of the Funds is a general and abbreviated summary based on tax laws and regulations in effect on the date of this SAI. Tax law is subject to change by legislative, administrative or judicial action.
Each Fund is treated as a separate taxpayer for federal income tax purposes. Each Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of Chapter 1 of the Code, and to qualify as a regulated investment company each taxable year. If a Fund: (1) continues to qualify as a regulated investment company, and (2) distributes to its shareholders an amount at least equal to the sum of: (i) 90% of its investment company taxable income (including for this purpose its net ordinary investment income and net realized short-term capital gains) and (ii) 90% of its tax-exempt interest income (reduced by certain expenses) (the “90% distribution requirement”), which the Trust intends the Fund to do, then under the provisions of Subchapter M, the Fund would not be subject to federal income tax on the portion of its investment company taxable income and net capital gain (i.e., net long-term capital gain in excess of short-term capital loss) it distributes to shareholders (or is treated as having been distributed to shareholders).
Each Fund must meet several requirements to maintain its status as a regulated investment company. These requirements include the following: (1) at least 90% of the Fund’s gross income for each taxable year must be derived from dividends, interest, payments with respect to loaned securities, gains from the sale or disposition of securities (including gains from related investments in foreign currencies), or other income (including gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such securities or currencies, as well as net income from interests in certain publicly traded partnerships; and (2) at the close of each quarter of the Fund’s taxable year, (a) at least 50% of the value of the Fund’s total assets must consist of cash, cash items, securities of other regulated investment companies, U.S. Government securities and other securities which, with respect to any one issuer, do not represent more than 5% of all of the Fund’s assets or more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (b) the Fund must not invest more than 25% of its total assets in the securities of any one issuer (other than U.S. Government securities or the securities of other regulated investment companies), or of any two or more issuers that are controlled by the Fund and that are engaged in the same or similar trades or businesses or related trades or businesses, or of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships.
Each Fund generally will endeavor to distribute (or treat as deemed distributed) to its shareholders all of its investment company taxable income and its net capital gain, if any, for each taxable year so that it will not incur federal income or excise taxes on its earnings.
In addition, in order to avoid a 4% nondeductible federal excise tax on certain of its undistributed income, each Fund generally must distribute in a timely manner an amount at least equal to the sum of (1) 98% of its ordinary income (taking into account certain deferrals and elections) for each calendar year, (2) 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 in that calendar year, and (3) any income not distributed in prior years (the “excise tax avoidance requirements”). For purposes of determining whether a Fund has met this distribution requirement, the Fund will be deemed to have distributed any income or gains on which it has been subject to U.S. federal income tax.
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If for any taxable year a Fund fails to qualify as a regulated investment company or fails to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement, all of its taxable income becomes subject to federal, and possibly state and local, income tax at regular corporate rates (without any deduction for distributions to its shareholders) and distributions to its shareholders constitute taxable dividend income (with such dividend income including dividends derived from interest on tax-exempt obligations) to the extent of the Fund’s available earnings and profits.
Investment income received from sources within foreign countries, or capital gains earned by a Fund from investing in securities of foreign issuers, may be subject to foreign income taxes withheld at the source. In this regard, withholding tax rates in countries with which the United States does not have a tax treaty are often as high as 35% or more. The United States has entered into tax treaties with many foreign countries that may entitle a Fund to a reduced rate of tax or exemption from tax on this related income and gains. The effective rate of foreign tax cannot be determined at this time since the amount of a Fund’s assets to be invested within various countries is not now known. The Trust intends that the Funds will seek to operate so as to qualify for treaty-reduced rates of tax when applicable.
In addition, if a Fund qualifies as a regulated investment company under the Code, and if more than 50% of the Fund’s total assets at the close of the taxable year consists of securities of foreign corporations, the Fund may elect, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, to treat foreign income taxes paid by the Fund (including certain withholding taxes) that can be treated as income taxes under U.S. income tax principles as paid by its shareholders. If a Fund makes such an election, an amount equal to the foreign income taxes paid by the Fund would be included in the income of its shareholders and the shareholders often are entitled to credit their portions of this amount against their U.S. tax liabilities, if any, or to deduct those portions from their U.S. taxable income, if any. Shortly after any year for which it makes such an election, each Fund will report to its shareholders, in writing, the amount per share of foreign tax that must be included in each shareholder’s gross income and the amount that will be available as a deduction or credit. Shareholders must itemize their deductions in order to deduct foreign taxes. Certain limitations may apply that could limit the extent to which the credit or the deduction for foreign taxes may be claimed by a shareholder.
Each Fund’s transactions in options contracts and futures contracts are subject to special provisions of the Code that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (that is, may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital), accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and defer losses of the Fund. These rules (1) could affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders of each Fund, (2) could require the Fund to “mark to market” certain types of the positions in its portfolio (that is, treat them as if they were closed out) and (3) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement and the excise tax avoidance requirements described above. The Trust seeks to monitor transactions of each Fund, seeks to make the appropriate tax elections on behalf of the Fund and seeks to make the appropriate entries in the Fund’s books and records when the Fund acquires any option, futures contract or hedged investment, to mitigate the effect of these rules. The Funds are permitted to carry forward capital losses for an unlimited period. Additionally, capital loss carryforwards retain their character as either short-term or long-term capital losses rather than being considered all short-term as permitted under prior regulation.
As of July 31, 2020, the Funds had the following capital loss carryforwards as indicated below. Each such Fund’s capital loss carryover is available to offset that Fund’s future realized capital gains to the extent provided in the Code and regulations thereunder.
FUND
SHORT-TERM CAPITAL LOSS
CARRYFORWARD WITH NO
EXPIRATION
LONG-TERM CAPITAL LOSS
CARRYFORWARD WITH NO
EXPIRATION
Short Duration ETF
$455,757
$205,917
Core Bond ETF, Municipal Opportunities ETF, Tax-Aware Bond ETF and Total Return Bond ETF had no capital loss carryforwards for U.S. federal income tax purposes as of July 31, 2020.
If a Fund acquires stock in certain foreign corporations that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, rents, royalties or capital gain) or hold at least 50% of their total assets in investments producing such passive income (“passive foreign investment companies”), the Fund could be subject to federal income tax and additional interest charges on “excess distributions” received from such companies or gain from the sale of stock in such companies, even if all income or gain actually received by the Fund is timely distributed to its shareholders. The Fund would not be able to pass through to its shareholders any credit or deduction for such a tax. Certain elections may, if available, ameliorate these adverse tax consequences, but any such election may require the Fund to recognize taxable income or gain without the concurrent receipt of cash. Each Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in passive foreign investment companies to minimize its tax liability.
Foreign exchange gains and losses realized by a Fund in connection with certain transactions involving non-dollar debt securities, certain foreign currency futures contracts, foreign currency option contracts, foreign currency forward contracts, foreign currencies, or payables or receivables denominated in a foreign currency are subject to Code provisions which generally treat such gains and losses as ordinary income and losses and may affect the amount, timing and character of distributions to shareholders.
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Any such transactions that are not directly related to the Fund’s investment in securities (possibly including speculative currency positions or currency derivatives not used for hedging purposes) could, under future Treasury regulations, produce income not among the types of “qualifying income” from which the Fund must derive at least 90% of its annual gross income.
Investments in below investment grade instruments may present special tax issues for the Funds. U.S. federal income tax rules are not entirely clear about issues such as when a Fund may cease to accrue interest, original issue discount or market discount, when and to what extent deductions may be taken for bad debts or worthless instruments, how payments received on obligations in default should be allocated between principal and income and whether exchanges of debt obligations in a bankruptcy or workout context are taxable. These and other issues will be addressed by the Funds to the extent necessary in order to seek to ensure that it distributes sufficient income that it does not become subject to U.S. federal income or excise tax.
Pay-in-kind instruments (“PIKs”) are securities that pay interest in either cash or additional securities, at the issuer’s option, for a specified period. PIKs, like zero-coupon bonds, are designed to give an issuer flexibility in managing cash flow. PIK bonds can be either senior or subordinated debt and trade flat (i.e., without accrued interest). The price of PIK bonds is expected to reflect the market value of the underlying debt plus an amount representing accrued interest since the last payment. PIKs are usually less volatile than zero-coupon bonds, but more volatile than cash pay securities.
Each Fund must accrue income on investments in certain PIKs, zero coupon securities or certain deferred interest securities (and, in general, any other securities with original issue discount or with market discount if the Fund elects to include market discount in current income) prior to the receipt of the corresponding cash. However, because a Fund must meet the 90% distribution requirement to qualify as a regulated investment company, the Fund may have to dispose of its portfolio investments under disadvantageous circumstances to generate cash, or may have to leverage itself by borrowing the cash, to satisfy the applicable distribution requirements.
The tax treatment of income, gains and losses attributable to foreign currencies (and derivatives on such currencies), and various other special tax rules applicable to certain financial transactions and instruments could affect the amount, timing and character of a Fund’s distributions. In some cases, these tax rules could also result in a retroactive change in the tax character of prior distributions and may also possibly cause all, or a portion, of prior distributions to be reclassified as returns of capital for tax purposes.
The federal income tax rules applicable to interest rate swaps, caps and floors are unclear in certain respects, and a Fund may be required to account for these transactions in a manner that, in certain circumstances, may limit the degree to which it may utilize these transactions.
SHAREHOLDER TAXATION
The following discussion of certain federal income tax issues of shareholders of a Fund is a general and abbreviated summary based on tax laws and regulations in effect on the date of this SAI. Tax law is subject to change by legislative, administrative or judicial action. The following discussion relates solely to U.S. federal income tax law as applicable to U.S. taxpayers (e.g., U.S. citizens or residents and U.S. domestic corporations, trusts or estates). The discussion does not address special tax rules applicable to certain classes of investors, such as qualified retirement accounts or trusts, tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, entities treated as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes, banks and other financial institutions or to non-U.S. taxpayers. Dividends, capital gain distributions, and ownership of or gains realized on the sale of the shares of a Fund may also be subject to state and local taxes. This summary does not address any federal estate tax issues that may arise from ownership of Fund shares. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisers as to the federal, state and local tax consequences of ownership of shares of, and receipt of distributions from, the Fund in their particular circumstances.
In general, as described in the prospectus, distributions from a Fund are generally taxable to shareholders as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, exempt-interest dividends or long-term capital gains. Distributions of a Fund’s investment company taxable income (other than qualified dividend income) are taxable as ordinary income to shareholders to the extent of the Fund’s current or accumulated earnings and profits, whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. Distributions from net short-term capital gains are taxable to a shareholder as ordinary income. Distributions of a Fund’s net capital gain properly designated by the Fund as “capital gain dividends” are taxable to a shareholder as long-term capital gain regardless of the shareholder’s holding period for his or her shares and regardless of whether paid in cash or reinvested in additional shares. To the extent that a Fund derives dividends from domestic corporations, a portion of the income distributions of the Fund may be eligible for the deduction for dividends received by corporations. Shareholders will be informed of the portion of dividends which so qualify. The dividends-received deduction is reduced to the extent the shares held by a Fund with respect to which the dividends are received are treated as debt-financed under federal income tax law and is eliminated if either those shares or the shares of the Fund are deemed to have been held by the Fund or the shareholders, as the case may be, for less than 46 days during the 90-day period beginning 45 days before the shares become ex-dividend. Properly reported distributions of qualified dividend income generally are taxable to individual shareholders at the same rates that apply to long-term capital gains, if certain holding period and other requirements are met. Dividend distributions will not be eligible for the reduced rates applicable to qualified dividend income unless, among other things, the shares held by a Fund with respect to which dividends are paid and the shares of the Fund are deemed to
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have been held by the Fund and the shareholders, respectively, for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the shares become ex-dividend. Distributions, if any, in excess of earnings and profits usually constitute a return of capital, which first reduces an investor’s tax basis in a Fund’s shares and thereafter (after such basis is reduced to zero) generally gives rise to capital gains. For a summary of the tax rates applicable to capital gains, including capital gain dividends, see the discussion below. Given the investment strategies of a Fund, it is not expected that a significant portion of the Fund’s dividends would be eligible to be designated as qualified dividend income or for the dividends-received deduction for corporations.
For the Municipal Opportunities ETF and Tax-Aware Bond ETF, each Fund will be permitted to distribute any tax-exempt interest earned by such Fund to its shareholders as tax-exempt “exempt-interest dividends,” provided that at least 50% of the value of such Fund’s assets at the end of each quarter of its taxable year is invested in state, municipal and other obligations the interest on which is excluded from gross income under Section 103(a) of the Code. Each Fund intends to satisfy this 50% requirement in order to permit its distributions of tax-exempt interest to be treated as such for federal income tax purposes in the hands of its shareholders. Portions of the dividends paid by such Fund may be includable in gross income for federal income tax purposes or, in the alternative, may be subject to federal alternative minimum taxes. Dividends paid by such Fund will generally be subject to state and local income taxes.
Under the Code, interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry shares of a Fund is not deductible by the investor in proportion to the percentage of a Fund’s distributions from investment income that is exempt from federal income tax. State laws may also restrict the deductibility of interest on indebtedness incurred or continued to purchase or carry shares of a Fund. Indebtedness may be allocated to shares of a Fund even though not directly traceable to the purchase of such shares. In addition, any loss realized by a shareholder of a Fund upon the sale of shares held for six months or less may be disallowed to the extent of any exempt-interest dividends received with respect to such shares. For Fund shares acquired after December 22, 2010, this loss disallowance does not apply provided that the exempt-interest dividend was a regular dividend and the applicable Fund declares exempt-interest dividends on a daily basis in an amount equal to at least 90% of its net tax-exempt interest and distributes such dividends on at least a monthly basis.
If a Fund disposes of a municipal obligation that it acquired at a market discount, it must recognize any gain it realizes on the disposition as ordinary income (and not as capital gain) to the extent of the accrued market discount.
Certain deductions otherwise allowable to financial institutions and property and casualty insurance companies will be eliminated or reduced by reason of the receipt of certain exempt-interest dividends. Shareholders who are “substantial users” (or persons related thereto) of facilities financed by governmental obligations should consult their advisers before investing in a Fund. Tax-exempt income will be included in determining the taxability of social security payments and railroad retirement benefits. Tax-exempt income received by a tax-deferred retirement will generally be taxable when later distributed from that account.
At the Trust’s option, the Trust may cause a Fund to retain some or all of its net capital gain for a tax year, but may designate the retained amount as a “deemed distribution.” In that case, among other consequences, the Fund pays tax on the retained amount for the benefit of its shareholders, the shareholders are required to report their share of the deemed distribution on their tax returns as if it had been distributed to them, and the shareholders may report a credit for the tax paid thereon by the Fund. The amount of the deemed distribution net of such tax is added to the shareholder’s cost basis for his or her shares. Since the Trust expects the Funds to pay tax on any retained net capital gain at its regular corporate capital gain tax rate, and since that rate is in excess of the maximum rate currently payable by individuals on long-term capital gain, the amount of tax that individual shareholders are treated as having paid will exceed the amount of tax that such shareholders would be required to pay on the retained net capital gain. A shareholder that is not subject to U.S. federal income tax or tax on long-term capital gain should be able to file a return on the appropriate form or a claim for refund that allows such shareholder to recover the taxes paid by a Fund on his or her behalf. In the event that the Trust chooses this option on behalf of a Fund, the Trust must provide written notice to the shareholders prior to the expiration of 60 days after the close of the relevant tax year.
Any dividend declared by a Fund in October, November, or December of any calendar year, payable to shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month and actually paid during January of the following year, is treated as if it had been received by the shareholders on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
An investor should consider the tax implications of buying shares just prior to a distribution. Even if the price of the shares includes the amount of the forthcoming distribution, the shareholder generally will be taxed upon receipt of the distribution and is not entitled to offset the distribution against the tax basis in his or her shares. In addition, an investor should be aware that, at the time he or she purchases shares of a Fund, a portion of the purchase price is often attributable to realized or unrealized appreciation in the Fund’s portfolio or undistributed taxable income of the Fund. Subsequent distributions from such appreciation or income may be taxable to such investor even if the net asset value of the investor’s shares is, as a result of the distributions, reduced below the investor’s cost for such shares, and the distributions in reality represent a return of a portion of the purchase price.
A shareholder generally recognizes taxable gain or loss on a sale of his or her shares. The amount of the gain or loss is measured by the difference between the shareholder’s adjusted tax basis in his or her shares and the amount of the proceeds received in exchange for such shares. Any gain or loss arising from (or, in the case of distributions in excess of earnings and profits,
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treated as arising from) the sale of shares generally is a capital gain or loss if such shares are held as capital assets. This capital gain or loss normally is treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if the shareholder has held his or her shares for more than one year at the time of such sale; otherwise, it is classified as short-term capital gain or loss. If, however, a shareholder receives a capital gain dividend with respect to any share of a Fund, and the share is sold before it has been held by the shareholder for at least six months, then any loss on the sale or exchange of the share, to the extent of the capital gain dividend, is treated as a long-term capital loss. In addition, all or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares may be disallowed if other shares of the same Fund are purchased (including any purchase through a reinvestment of distributions from the Fund) within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the shares acquired will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Individuals (and certain other non-corporate entities) are generally eligible for a 20% deduction with respect to taxable ordinary dividends from REITs (“Qualifying REIT Dividends”) and certain taxable income from publicly traded partnerships (“MLP Income”). Treasury regulations allow a regulated investment company to pass through to its shareholders Qualifying REIT Dividends eligible for the 20% deduction. However, the regulations do not provide a mechanism for a regulated investment company to pass through to its shareholders MLP Income that would be eligible for such deduction. It is uncertain whether future legislation or other guidance will enable a regulated investment company to pass through the special character of MLP Income to the regulated investment company’s shareholders.
IRS Regulations require reporting to the IRS and furnishing to shareholders the cost basis information and holding period for Fund shares purchased on or after January 1, 2012, and sold on or after that date. Shareholders may elect from among several cost basis methods accepted by the IRS, including average cost. Fund shareholders should consult with their tax advisors to determine the best cost basis method for their tax situation and to obtain more information about how the cost basis reporting rules apply to them. Shareholders should contact their financial intermediaries with respect to reporting of cost basis and available elections for their accounts.
In general, non-corporate shareholders currently are subject to a maximum federal income tax rate of either 15% or 20% (depending on whether the shareholder’s income exceeds certain threshold amounts) on their net long-term capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gain over net short-term capital loss) for a taxable year (including a long-term capital gain derived from an investment in the shares) and certain qualified dividend income, while other income may be taxed at rates as high as 37%, for taxable years beginning after 2017 and before 2026 (if not extended further by Congress). Shareholders must satisfy a holding period of more than 60 days with respect to a distribution that is otherwise eligible to be treated as a qualified dividend during the 121-day period that begins 60 days before the ex-dividend date. Corporate taxpayers currently are subject to federal income tax on net capital gain at the maximum rate also applied to ordinary income (21%). Tax rates imposed by states and local jurisdictions on capital gain and ordinary income may differ. Non-corporate shareholders with net capital losses for a year (i.e., capital losses in excess of capital gains) generally may deduct up to $3,000 of such losses against their ordinary income each year; any net capital losses of a non-corporate shareholder in excess of $3,000 generally may be carried forward and used in subsequent years as provided in the Code. Corporate shareholders generally may not deduct any net capital losses for a year, but may carry back such losses for three years or carry forward such losses for five years.
An additional 3.8% Medicare tax is imposed on certain net investment income (including ordinary dividends and capital gain distributions received from a Fund and net gains from sales or other taxable dispositions of Fund shares) of US individuals, estates and trusts to the extent that such person’s “modified adjusted gross income” (in the case of an individual) or “adjusted gross income” (in the case of an estate or trust) exceeds certain threshold amounts. Each Fund sends to each of its shareholders, as promptly as possible after the end of each calendar year, a notice detailing, on a per share and per distribution basis, the amounts includible in such shareholder’s taxable income for such year as ordinary income and as long-term capital gain. In addition, the federal tax status of each year’s distributions generally is reported to the IRS. Distributions may also be subject to additional state, local, and foreign taxes depending on a shareholder’s particular situation.
As a result of U.S. federal income tax requirements, the Trust on behalf of each Fund, has the right to reject an order for a creation of shares if the creator (or group of creators) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, the Fund would have a basis in the Deposit Securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. See “Creation and Redemption of Shares” above.
Dividends paid by a Fund to a non-U.S. shareholder generally are subject to U.S. withholding tax at a rate of 30% (unless the tax is reduced or eliminated by an applicable treaty). Certain properly designated dividends paid by the Fund, however, generally are not subject to this tax, to the extent paid from net capital gains. In addition, under an exemption recently made permanent by Congress, a portion of each Fund’s distributions received by a non-U.S. investor may be exempt from U.S. withholding tax to the extent attributable to U.S. source interest income and short-term capital gains if such amounts are properly reported by the Fund. However, depending on the circumstances, a Fund may designate all, some or none of the Fund’s potentially eligible dividends as eligible for the exemption, and a portion of the Fund's distributions (e.g. interest from non-U.S. sources or any foreign currency gains) would be ineligible for this potential exemption from withholding.
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Withholding of U.S. tax (at a 30% rate) is required on payments of dividends made to certain non-U.S. entities that fail to comply (or be deemed compliant) with extensive new reporting and withholding requirements designed to inform the U.S. Department of the Treasury of U.S.-owned foreign investment accounts. Shareholders may be requested to provide additional information to enable the applicable withholding agent to determine whether withholding is required.
Non-U.S. shareholders may also be subject to U.S. estate tax with respect to their shares of the Funds.
Shareholders may be subject to U.S. federal income tax withholding (currently, at a rate of 24%) (“backup withholding”) from all taxable distributions payable to (1) any shareholder who fails to furnish the Trust with its correct taxpayer identification number or a certificate that the shareholder is exempt from backup withholding, and (2) any shareholder with respect to whom the IRS notifies the Trust that the shareholder has failed to properly report certain interest and dividend income to the IRS and to respond to notices to that effect. An individual’s taxpayer identification number is his or her social security number. The 24% backup withholding tax is not an additional tax and may be credited against a taxpayer’s regular federal income tax liability.
Principal Underwriter
ALPS Distributors, Inc. serves as the principal underwriter to the Funds. ALPS is located at 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
Securities Depository for Shares of the Funds
Shares of each Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities’ certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the NYSE and the FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to others such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (“Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of each Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee as the registered holder of all shares of the Trust. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of a Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests, or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants. DTC may decide to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares of the Trust at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions at a comparable cost.
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Custodian and Transfer Agent
Portfolio securities of the Funds are held pursuant to a Custodian Agreement between the Trust and State Street Bank and Trust Company, 500 Pennsylvania Avenue, Kansas City, Missouri 64105. State Street Bank and Trust Company also serves as Transfer Agent for the Funds pursuant to a Transfer Agency and Service Agreement.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (“PwC”) served as the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020. PwC is located at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Suite 1800, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.
Other Information
The Hartford has granted the Trust the right to use the name “The Hartford” or “Hartford,” and has reserved the right to withdraw its consent to the use of such name by the Trust and the Funds at any time, or to grant the use of such name to any other company.
Code of Ethics
The Funds, HFMC and the sub-advisers have each adopted a code of ethics designed to protect the interests of each Fund’s shareholders. Under each code of ethics, investment personnel are permitted to trade securities for their own account, including securities that may be purchased or held by the Fund, subject to certain restrictions. Each code of ethics has been filed with the SEC and may be viewed by the public.
Financial Statements
The Trust’s audited financial statements for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 for the Funds and related reports of PwC, the Trust’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm, are incorporated by reference for the Trust’s Annual Report for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2020 into this SAI (meaning such documents are legally a part of this SAI) and are on file with the SEC.
The Trust’s most recent Annual Report and Semi-Annual Report are available without charge by calling the Funds at 1-800-456-7526 or by visiting the Funds’ website at hartfordfunds.com or on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures
The Board of Trustees believes that the voting of proxies with respect to securities held by a Fund is an important element of the overall investment process. Pursuant to the Funds’ Policy Related to Proxy Voting, as approved by the Funds’ Board of Trustees, HFMC has delegated to the sub-advisers the authority to vote all proxies relating to each Fund’s portfolio securities, subject to oversight by HFMC. Each Fund’s exercise of this delegated proxy voting authority is subject to oversight by HFMC. The sub-advisers have a duty to vote or not vote such proxies in the best interests of the sub-advised Fund and its shareholders, and to avoid the influence of conflicts of interest. In addition, if the sub-advisers request that the Investment Manager vote a proxy in any Fund because the sub-adviser believes it has a conflict of interest with respect to said proxy, the Investment Manager may vote such securities. The Investment Manager may choose to echo vote, vote in accordance with stated guidelines set forth by a proxy voting service, abstain or hire a third-party fiduciary.
The policies and procedures used by the Investment Manager and the sub-advisers to determine how to vote certain proxies relating to portfolio securities are described below. In addition to a summary description of such policies and procedures, included below are descriptions of how such policies and procedures apply to various topics. However, the following are descriptions only and more complete information should be obtained by reviewing the sub-advisers' policies and procedures, as well as a Fund’s voting records. For a complete copy of the sub-advisers' proxy voting policies and procedures, as well as any separate guidelines it uses, please refer to hartfordfunds.com. Information on how a Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent twelve-month period ended June 30 is available (1) without charge, upon request, by calling 1-800-456-7526 and (2) on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.
If a security has not been restricted from securities lending and the security is on loan over a record date, the Funds’ sub-adviser may not be able to vote any proxies for that security. For more information about the impact of lending securities on proxy voting, see “Securities Lending Risk.”
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Wellington Management Company LLP
Global Proxy Policy and Procedures
INTRODUCTION
Wellington Management has adopted and implemented policies and procedures that it believes are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best economic interests of clients for whom it exercises proxy-voting discretion.
Wellington Management's Proxy Voting Guidelines (the "Guidelines") set forth broad guidelines and positions on common proxy issues that Wellington Management uses in voting on proxies. In addition, Wellington Management also considers each proposal in the context of the issuer, industry and country or countries in which the issuer's business is conducted. The Guidelines are not rigid rules and the merits of a particular proposal may cause Wellington Management to enter a vote that differs from the Guidelines.
STATEMENT OF POLICY
Wellington Management:
1) Votes client proxies for which clients have affirmatively delegated proxy-voting authority, in writing, unless it determines that it is in the best interest of one or more clients to refrain from voting a given proxy.
2) Votes all proxies in the best interests of the client for whom it is voting, i.e., to maximize economic value.
3) Identifies and resolves all material proxy-related conflicts of interest between the firm and its clients in the best interests of the client.
RESPONSIBILITY AND OVERSIGHT
The Investment Research Group ("Investment Research") monitors regulatory requirements with respect to proxy voting and works with the firm's Legal and Compliance Group and the Investment Stewardship Committee to develop practices that implement those requirements. Investment Research also acts as a resource for portfolio managers and research analysts on proxy matters as needed. Day-to-day administration of the proxy voting process is the responsibility of Investment Research. The Investment Stewardship Committee is responsible for oversight of the implementation of the Global Proxy Policy and Procedures, review and approval of the Guidelines and for providing advice and guidance on specific proxy votes for individual issuers.
PROCEDURES
Use of Third-Party Voting Agent
Wellington Management uses the services of a third-party voting agent to manage the administrative aspects of proxy voting. The voting agent processes proxies for client accounts, casts votes based on the Guidelines and maintains records of proxies voted.
Receipt of Proxy
If a client requests that Wellington Management votes proxies on its behalf, the client must instruct its custodian bank to deliver all relevant voting material to Wellington Management or its voting agent.
Reconciliation
Each public security proxy received by electronic means is matched to the securities eligible to be voted and a reminder is sent to any custodian or trustee that has not forwarded the proxies as due. Although proxies received for private securities, as well as those received in non-electronic format, are voted as received, Wellington Management is not able to reconcile these proxies to holdings, nor does it notify custodians of non-receipt.
Research
In addition to proprietary investment research undertaken by Wellington Management investment professionals, Investment Research conducts proxy research internally, and uses the resources of a number of external sources to keep abreast of developments in corporate governance and of current practices of specific companies.
Proxy Voting
Following the reconciliation process, each proxy is compared against the Guidelines, and handled as follows:
Generally, issues for which explicit proxy voting guidance is provided in the Guidelines (i.e., "For", "Against", "Abstain") are reviewed by Investment Research and voted in accordance with the Guidelines.
Issues identified as "case-by-case" in the Guidelines are further reviewed by Investment Research. In certain circumstances, further input is needed, so the issues are forwarded to the relevant research analyst and/or portfolio manager(s) for their input.
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Absent a material conflict of interest, the portfolio manager has the authority to decide the final vote. Different portfolio managers holding the same securities may arrive at different voting conclusions for their clients' proxies.
Wellington Management reviews regularly the voting record to ensure that proxies are voted in accordance with these Global Proxy Policy and Procedures and the Guidelines; and ensures that documentation and reports, for clients and for internal purposes, relating to the voting of proxies are promptly and properly prepared and disseminated.
Material Conflict of Interest Identification and Resolution Processes
Wellington Management's broadly diversified client base and functional lines of responsibility serve to minimize the number of, but not prevent, material conflicts of interest it faces in voting proxies. Annually, the Investment Stewardship Committee sets standards for identifying material conflicts based on client, vendor, and lender relationships, and publishes those standards to individuals involved in the proxy voting process. In addition, the Investment Stewardship Committee encourages all personnel to contact Investment Research about apparent conflicts of interest, even if the apparent conflict does not meet the published materiality criteria. Apparent conflicts are reviewed by designated members of the Investment Stewardship Committee to determine if there is a conflict and if so whether the conflict is material.
If a proxy is identified as presenting a material conflict of interest, the matter must be reviewed by designated members of the Investment Stewardship Committee, who will resolve the conflict and direct the vote. In certain circumstances, the designated members may determine that the full Investment Stewardship Governance Committee should convene.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
In certain instances, Wellington Management may be unable to vote or may determine not to vote a proxy on behalf of one or more clients. While not exhaustive, the following are potential instances in which a proxy vote might not be entered.
Securities Lending
In general, Wellington Management does not know when securities have been lent out pursuant to a client’s securities lending program and are therefore unavailable to be voted. Efforts to recall loaned securities are not always effective, but, in rare circumstances, Wellington Management may recommend that a client attempt to have its custodian recall the security to permit voting of related proxies.
Share Blocking and Re-registration
Certain countries impose trading restrictions or requirements regarding re-registration of securities held in omnibus accounts in order for shareholders to vote a proxy. The potential impact of such requirements is evaluated when determining whether to vote such proxies.
Lack of Adequate Information, Untimely Receipt of Proxy Materials, or Excessive Costs
Wellington Management may abstain from voting a proxy when the proxy statement or other available information is inadequate to allow for an informed vote, when the proxy materials are not delivered in a timely fashion or when, in Wellington Management’s judgment, the costs exceed the expected benefits to clients (such as when powers of attorney or consularization are required).
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Wellington Management maintains records related to proxies pursuant to Rule 204-2 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (the “Advisers Act”), the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (“ERISA”), and other applicable laws.
Wellington Management provides clients with a copy of its Global Proxy Policy and Procedures, including the Guidelines, upon written request. In addition, Wellington Management will make specific client information relating to proxy voting available to a client upon reasonable written request.
Dated: 1 January 2018
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Wellington Management Company LLP
Global Proxy Voting Guidelines
Introduction
Upon a client’s written request, Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) votes securities that are held in the client’s account in response to proxies solicited by the issuers of such securities. Wellington Management established these guidelines to document positions generally taken on common proxy issues voted on behalf of clients.
These guidelines are based on Wellington Management’s fiduciary obligation to act in the best economic interest of its clients as shareholders. Hence, Wellington Management examines and seeks to vote each proposal so that the long-term effect of the vote will ultimately increase shareholder value for our clients. Because ethical considerations can have an impact on the long-term value of assets, our voting practices are also attentive to these issues, and votes will be cast against unlawful and unethical activity. Further, Wellington Management’s experience in voting proposals has shown that similar proposals often have different consequences for different companies. Moreover, while these guidelines are written to apply globally, differences in local practice and law make universal application impractical. Therefore, each proposal is evaluated on its merits, taking into account its effects on the specific company in question and on the company within its industry. It should be noted that the following are guidelines, not rigid rules, and Wellington Management reserves the right in all cases to vote contrary to guidelines where doing so is judged to represent the best economic interest of our clients.
Following is a list of common proposals and the guidelines on how Wellington Management anticipates voting on these proposals. The “(SP)” after a proposal indicates that the proposal is usually presented as a shareholder proposal.
Voting guidelines
Composition and role of the board of directors
Elect directors. Case by case.
Wellington Management believes that shareholders’ ability to elect directors annually is the most important right shareholders have. We generally support management nominees, but will withhold votes from any director who is demonstrated to have acted contrary to the best economic interest of shareholders. Wellington Management believes that a diverse board is in the best interest of shareholders, so Wellington Management considers board diversity as part of their assessment. Wellington Management may also withhold votes from directors who failed to implement shareholder proposals that received majority support, implemented dead-hand or no-hand poison pills, or failed to attend at least 75% of scheduled board meetings.
Declassify board of directors. For.
Adopt director tenure/retirement age (SP). Against.
Adopt director and officer indemnification. For.
Wellington Management generally supports director and officer indemnification as critical to the attraction and retention of qualified candidates to the board. Such proposals must incorporate the duty of care.
Allow special interest representation to board (SP). Against.
Require board independence. For.
Wellington Management believes that boards are best-positioned to represent shareholders’ interests when they have a sufficient quantity of independent directors in the boardroom. Wellington Management believes that, in the absence of a compelling counter-argument or prevailing market norms, at least two-thirds of a board should be composed of independent directors, with independence defined by the local market regulatory authority. Expressing Wellington Management’s support for these levels of independence may include withholding approval for non-independent directors, as well as votes in support of shareholder proposals calling for independence. To determine the appropriate minimum level of board independence, Wellington Management looks to the prevailing market best practice for example, one-third independent in Japan, two-thirds independent in the US, and majority independent in the UK and France.
Require key board committees to be independent. For.
Key board committees are the nominating, audit, and compensation committees. Exceptions will be made, as above, with respect to local market conventions.
Require a separation of chair and CEO or require a lead director (SP). For.
Approve directors’ fees. Case by case.
Approve bonuses for retiring directors. Case by case.
Approve board size. For.
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Elect supervisory board/corporate assembly/statutory auditors. Case by case.
Companies in certain markets are governed by multitiered boards, with each tier having different powers and responsibilities. Wellington Management holds supervisory board members to similar standards described above under “Elect directors,” subject to prevailing local governance best practices.
Majority vote on election of directors (SP). For.
Wellington Management believes that the election of directors by a majority of votes cast is the appropriate standard for companies to adopt and therefore generally will support those proposals that seek to adopt such a standard. Wellington Management’s support for such proposals will extend typically to situations where the relevant company has an existing resignation policy in place for directors that receive a majority of “withhold” votes. Wellington Management believes that it is important for majority voting to be defined within the company’s charter and not simply within the company’s corporate governance policy.
Generally Wellington Management will not support proposals that fail to provide for the exceptional use of a plurality standard in the case of contested elections. Further, Wellington Management will not support proposals that seek to adopt a majority of votes outstanding (i.e., total votes eligible to be cast as opposed to actually cast) standard.
Adopt proxy access. For.
Wellington Management generally supports proposals that allow significant and long-term shareholders the right to nominate director candidates on management’s proxy card. That being said, Wellington Management may vote against a proxy access proposal if it is shareholder-sponsored and it requests that the company adopt proxy access without reasonable constraints or in a way that markedly differs from prevailing market norms.
Contested director election. Case by case
Compensation
Adopt/amend stock option plans. Case by case.
While Wellington Management believes equity compensation helps align plan participants’ and shareholders’ interests, Wellington Management will vote against plans that Wellington Management finds excessively dilutive or costly. Additionally, Wellington Management will generally vote against plans that allow the company to reprice options without shareholder approval. Wellington Management will also vote against plans that allow the company to add shares to the plan without shareholder approval, otherwise known as an “evergreen” provision.
Adopt/amend employee stock purchase plans. Case by case.
Wellington Management generally supports employee stock purchase plans, as they may align employees’ interests with the interests of shareholders. That being said, Wellington Management typically votes against plans that do not offer shares to a broad group of employees (i.e., only executives are allowed to participate) or plans that offer shares at a significant discount.
Approve/amend bonus plans. Case by case.
In the US, bonus plans are customarily presented for shareholder approval pursuant to section 162(m) of the omnibus budget reconciliation act of 1992 (“OBRA”). OBRA stipulates that certain forms of compensation are not tax deductible unless approved by shareholders and subject to performance criteria. Because OBRA does not prevent the payment of subject compensation, Wellington Management generally votes “for” these proposals. Nevertheless, occasionally these proposals are presented in a bundled form seeking 162(m) approval and approval of a stock option plan. In such cases, failure of the proposal prevents the awards from being granted. Wellington Management will vote against these proposals where the grant portion of the proposal fails our guidelines for the evaluation of stock option plans.
Approve remuneration policy. Case by case.
Approve compensation packages for named executive officers. Case by case.
Determine whether the compensation vote will occur every one, two, or three years. One year.
Exchange underwater options. Case by case.
Wellington Management may support value-neutral exchanges in which senior management is ineligible to participate.
Eliminate or limit severance agreements (golden parachutes). Case by case.
Wellington Management will oppose excessively generous arrangements, but may support agreements structured to encourage management to negotiate in shareholders’ best economic interest.
Approve golden parachute arrangements in connection with certain corporate transactions. Case by case.
Shareholder approval of future severance agreements covering senior executives (SP). Case by case.
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Wellington Management believes that severance arrangements require special scrutiny, and is generally supportive of proposals that call for shareholder ratification thereof. But Wellington Management is also mindful of the board’s need for flexibility in recruitment and retention and will therefore oppose placing additional limitations on compensation where Wellington Management feels the board as already demonstrated reasonable respect for industry practice and overall levels of compensation have historically been sensible.
Adopt a clawback policy. Case by case.
Wellington Management believes that companies should have the ability to recoup incentive compensation from members of management who received awards based on fraudulent activities or an accounting misstatement. Consequently, Wellington Management may support shareholder proposals requesting that a company establish a clawback provision if the company’s existing policies do not cover these circumstances.
Reporting of results
Approve financial statements. For.
Set dividends and allocate profits. For.
Limit non-audit services provided by auditors (SP). Case by case.
Wellington Management follows the guidelines established by the public company accounting oversight board regarding permissible levels of non-audit fees payable to auditors.
Ratify selection of auditors and set their fees. Case by case.
Wellington Management will generally support management’s choice of auditors, unless the auditors have demonstrated failure to act in shareholders’ best economic interest.
Shareholder approval of auditors (SP). For.
Shareholder voting rights
Adopt cumulative voting (SP). Against.
As an exception, Wellington Management may support cumulative voting proposals at “controlled” companies (i.e., companies with a single majority shareholder) or at companies with two-tiered voting rights.
Shareholder rights plans. Case by case.
Also known as poison pills, Wellington Management believes these plans do not encourage strong corporate governance, since they can entrench management and restrict opportunities for takeovers. That being said, Wellington Management recognizes that limited poison pills can enable boards of directors to negotiate higher takeover prices on behalf of shareholders. Consequently, Wellington Management may support plans that include:
Shareholder approval requirement
Sunset provision
Permitted bid feature (i.e., bids that are made for all shares and demonstrate evidence of financing must be submitted to a shareholder vote)
Because boards generally have the authority to adopt shareholder rights plans without shareholder approval, Wellington Management is equally vigilant in our assessment of requests for authorization of blank check preferred shares (see below).
Authorize blank check preferred stock. Case by case.
Wellington Management may support authorization requests that specifically proscribe the use of such shares for anti-takeover purposes.
Establish right to call a special meeting. For.
A reasonably high ownership threshold should be required to convene special meetings in order to ensure that they address broadly-supported shareholder interests.
Establish the right to act by written consent (SP). Case by case.
Wellington Management will generally oppose written consent proposals when the company already offers the shareholders the right to call a special meeting.
Increase supermajority vote requirement. Against.
Wellington Management likely will support shareholder and management proposals to remove existing supermajority vote requirements.
Adopt anti-greenmail provision. For.
Adopt confidential voting (SP). Case by case.
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As an exception, Wellington Management requires such proposals to include a provision to suspend confidential voting during contested elections so that management is not subject to constraints that do not apply to dissidents.
Increase authorized common stock. Case by case.
Wellington Management generally supports requests for increases up to 100% of the shares currently authorized, so long as the new authority respects preemption rights. Exceptions will be made when the company has clearly articulated a reasonable need for a greater increase. Conversely, at companies trading in less liquid markets, Wellington Management may impose a lower threshold.
Approve merger or acquisition. Case by case.
Approve technical amendments to charter. Case by case.
Opt out of state takeover statutes. For.
Eliminate multiclass voting structure (SP). For.
Wellington Management believes that shareholders’ voting power should be reflected by their economic stake in a company.
Capital structure
Authorize share repurchase. For.
Approve stock splits. Case by case .
Wellington Management approves stock splits and reverse stock splits that preserve the level of authorized but unissued shares.
Approve recapitalization/restructuring. Case by case .
Issue stock with or without preemptive rights. Case by case .
Issue debt instruments. Case by case.
Environmental and social issues
Environmental and social issues typically appear on ballots as shareholder-sponsored proposals. Wellington Management supports these proposals in situations where Wellington Management believes that doing so will improve the prospects for long-term success of a company and investment returns. For example, Wellington Management generally supports proposals focused on improved assessment and disclosure of climate risks when Wellington Management believes they may be material to a company’s long-term performance and management has not sufficiently addressed them. At a minimum, Wellington Management expects companies to comply with applicable laws and regulations with regards to environmental and social standards. Case by case
Miscellaneous
Approve other business. Against.
Approve re-incorporation. Case by case.
Approve third-party transactions. Case by case.
13 March 2019
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SUMMARY OF SIMNA AND SIMNA LTD. PROXY VOTING POLICY
Proxy Voting General Principles
SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. (collectively, “Schroders”) will evaluate and usually vote for or against all proxy requests relating to securities held in any account managed by Schroders (unless this responsibility has been retained by the client).
Proxies will be treated and evaluated with the same attention and investment skill as the trading of securities in the accounts.
Proxies will be voted in a manner that is deemed most likely to protect and enhance the longer term value of the security as an asset to the account.
Corporate Governance Committee
The Corporate Governance Committee for the Schroders Group consists of investment professionals and other officers and coordinates with Schroders to ensure compliance with this proxy voting policy. The Committee meets on a periodic basis to review proxies voted, policy guidelines and to examine any issues raised, including a review of any votes cast in connection with controversial issues.
The procedure for evaluating proxy requests is as follows:
The Schroders’ Group Corporate Governance Team (the “Team”) provides an initial evaluation of the proxy request, seeks advice where necessary, especially from the U.S. small cap and mid cap product heads, and consults with portfolio managers who have invested in the company should a controversial issue arise.
When coordinating proxy-voting decisions, the Team generally adheres to the Group Environmental, Social & Governance Policy (the “Policy”), as revised from time to time. The Policy, which has been approved by the Corporate Governance Committee, sets forth Schroder Group positions on recurring issues and criteria for addressing non-recurring issues. The Corporate Governance Committee exercises oversight to assure that proxies are voted in accordance with the Policy and that any votes inconsistent with the Policy or against management are appropriately documented.
The Team uses Institutional Shareholder Services, Inc. (“ISS”) to assist in voting proxies. ISS provides proxy research, voting and vote-reporting services. ISS’s primary function is to apprise the Team of shareholder meeting dates of all securities holdings, translate proxy materials received from companies, provide associated research and provide considerations and recommendations for voting on particular proxy proposals. Although Schroders may consider ISS’s and others’ recommendations on proxy issues, Schroders bears ultimate responsibility for proxy voting decisions.
Schroders may also consider the recommendations and research of other providers, including the National Association of Pension Funds’ Voting Issues Service.
Conflicts
From time to time, proxy voting proposals may raise conflicts between the interests of Schroders’ clients and the interests of Schroders and/or its employees. Schroders has adopted this policy and procedures to ensure that decisions to vote the proxies are based on the clients’ best interests.
For example, conflicts of interest may arise when:
Proxy votes regarding non-routine matters are solicited by an issuer that, directly or indirectly, has a client relationship with Schroders;
A proponent of a proxy proposal has a client relationship with Schroders;
A proponent of a proxy proposal has a business relationship with Schroders;
Schroders has business relationships with participants in proxy contests, corporate directors or director candidates;
Schroders is responsible for identifying proxy voting proposals that may present a material conflict of interest. If Schroders receives a proxy relating to an issuer that raises a conflict of interest, the Team shall determine whether the conflict is “material” to any specific proposal included within the proxy. Schroders (or the Team on behalf of Schroders) will determine whether a proposal is material as follows:
Routine Proxy Proposals: Proxy proposals that are “routine” shall be presumed not to involve a material conflict of interest unless Schroders has actual knowledge that a routine proposal should be treated as material. For this purpose, “routine” proposals would typically include matters such as uncontested election of directors, meeting formalities, and approval of an annual report/financial statements.
Non-Routine Proxy Proposals: Proxy proposals that are “non-routine” will be presumed to involve a material conflict of interest, unless Schroders determines that neither Schroders nor its personnel have a conflict of interest or the conflict is unrelated to the proposal in question. For this purpose, “non-routine” proposals would typically include any contested matter, including a contested election of directors, a merger or sale of substantial assets, a change
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in the articles of incorporation that materially affects the rights of shareholders, and compensation matters for management (e.g., stock, option plans, retirement plans, profit-sharing or other special remuneration plans). If Schroders determines that there is, or may be perceived to be, a conflict of interest when voting a proxy, Schroders will address matters involving such conflicts of interest as follows:
A. If a proposal is addressed by the Policy, Schroders will vote in accordance with such Policy;
B. If Schroders believes it is in the best interests of clients to depart from the Policy, Schroders will be subject to the requirements of C or D below, as applicable;
C. If the proxy proposal is (1) not addressed by the Policy or (2) requires a case-by-case determination, Schroders may vote such proxy as it determines to be in the best interest of clients, without taking any action described in D below, provided that such vote would be against Schroders’ own interest in the matter (i.e., against the perceived or actual conflict). The rationale of such vote will be memorialized in writing; and
D. If the proxy proposal is (1) not addressed by the Policy or (2) requires a case-by-case determination, and Schroders believes it should vote in a way that may also benefit, or be perceived to benefit, its own interest, then Schroders must take one of the following actions in voting such proxy: (a) vote in accordance with ISS’ recommendation; (b) in exceptional cases, inform the client(s) of the conflict of interest and obtain consent to vote the proxy as recommended by Schroders; or (c) obtain approval of the decision from the Chief Compliance Officer and the Chief Investment Officer (the rationale of such vote will be memorialized in writing). Where the director of a company is also a director of Schroders plc, Schroders will vote in accordance with ISS’ recommendation.
Voting Coverage
Schroders recognizes its responsibility to make considered use of voting rights. The overriding principle governing our approach to voting is to act in line with its fiduciary responsibilities in what we deem to be the interests of its clients.
Schroders normally hopes to support company management; however, it will withhold support or oppose management if it believes that it is in the best interests of its clients to do so.
Schroders votes on a variety of resolutions; however the majority of resolutions target specific corporate governance issues which are required under local stock exchange listing requirements, including but not limited to: approval of directors, accepting reports and accounts, approval of incentive plans, capital allocation, reorganizations and mergers. Schroders does vote on both shareholder and management resolutions.
Schroders Corporate Governance specialists assess resolutions, applying its voting policy and guidelines (as outlined in its Environmental, Social and Governance Policy) to each agenda item. These specialists draw on external research, such as the Investment Association’s Institutional Voting Information Services, the Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS), and public reporting.
Schroders’ own research is also integral to our process and this will be conducted by both our investment and ESG analysts. Corporate Governance specialists will consult with the relevant analysts and portfolio managers to seek their view and better understand the corporate context. The final decision will reflect what investors and Corporate Governance specialists believe to be in the best long term interest of their client. When voting, where there is insufficient information with which to make a voting decision Schroders may not vote.
In order to maintain the necessary flexibility to meet client needs, local offices of Schroders may determine a voting policy regarding the securities for which they are responsible, subject to agreement with clients as appropriate, and/or addressing local market issues. Both Japan and Australia have these.
Schroders UK Stewardship Code Statement outlines its approach in this area in more detail for all of its international holdings and is publically available.
July 2019
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Appendix A
The credit rating information which follows describes how the credit rating services mentioned presently rate the described securities or loans. No reliance is made upon the credit rating firms as “experts” as that term is defined for securities purposes. Rather, reliance on this information is on the basis that such ratings have become generally accepted in the investment business.
In the case of “split-rated” securities or loans (i.e., securities or loans assigned non-equivalent credit quality ratings, such as Baa by Moody’s but BB by S&P or Ba by Moody’s and BB by S&P but B by Fitch), Wellington Management will determine whether a particular security or loan is considered investment grade or below-investment grade for each of the Fund’s portfolios as follows: (a) if all three credit rating agencies have rated a security or loan the median credit rating is used for this determination and (b) if only two credit rating agencies have rated a security, the lower (e.g., most conservative) credit rating is used. In the case of intermediate ratings, they are included in the category of the primary rating. For example, BBB- and BBB+ are included in BBB and Baa includes Baa1, Baa2 and Baa3.
Schroders receives credit quality ratings on the Fund’s underlying securities from the three major reporting agencies Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services (“Standard & Poor’s”), Moody’s Investor Services, Inc. (“Moody’s”) and Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”). When calculating the credit quality breakdown for a security, Schroders uses the average rating of the three agencies. Securities that are not rated by all three ratings agencies are marked as unrated by one or more agencies. Schroders’ ratings include cash and cash equivalents, which it rates AA-. Schroders converts all ratings to the equivalent Standard & Poor’s major rating category for purposes of the category shown. Securities determined by Schroders to be below investment grade are represented by ratings of BB and below. Ratings and overall portfolio credit quality may change over time and unrated securities are not necessarily low quality securities.
LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
MOODY’S INVESTORS SERVICE, INC. (“MOODY’S”)
Aaa Obligations rated Aaa are judged to be of the highest quality, subject to the lowest level of credit risk.
Aa Obligations rated Aa are judged to be of high quality and are subject to very low credit risk.
A Obligations rated A are judged to be upper-medium grade and are subject to low credit risk.
Baa Obligations rated Baa are judged to be medium-grade and subject to moderate credit risk and as such may possess certain speculative characteristics.
Ba Obligations rated Ba are judged to be speculative and are subject to substantial credit risk.
B Obligations rated B are considered speculative and are subject to high credit risk.
Caa Obligations rated Caa are judged to be speculative of poor standing and are subject to very high credit risk.
Ca Obligations rated Ca are highly speculative and are likely in, or very near, default, with some prospect of recovery of principal and interest.
C Obligations rated C are the lowest rated and are typically in default, with little prospect for recovery of principal or interest.
Note: Moody’s appends numerical modifiers 1, 2, and 3 to each generic rating classification from Aa through Caa. The modifier 1 indicates that the obligation ranks in the higher end of its generic rating category; the modifier 2 indicates a mid-range ranking; and the modifier 3 indicates a ranking in the lower end of that generic rating category. Additionally, a “(hyb)” indicator is appended to all ratings of hybrid securities issued by banks, insurers, finance companies, and securities firms. By their terms, hybrid securities allow for the omission of scheduled dividends, interest, or principal payments, which can potentially result in impairment if such an omission occurs. Hybrid securities may also be subject to contractually allowable write-downs of principal that could result in impairment. Together with the hybrid indicator, the long-term obligation rating assigned to a hybrid security is an expression of the relative credit risk associated with that security.
STANDARD & POOR’S GLOBAL RATINGS SERVICES (“S&P GLOBAL RATINGS”)
AAA An obligation rated 'AAA' has the highest rating assigned by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is extremely strong.
AA An obligation rated 'AA' differs from the highest-rated obligations only to a small degree. The obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is very strong.
A An obligation rated 'A' is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher-rated categories. However, the obligor's capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is still strong.
BBB An obligation rated ‘BBB’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to weaken the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
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BB, B, CCC, CC, and C Obligations rated 'BB', 'B', 'CCC', 'CC', and 'C' are regarded as having significant speculative characteristics. 'BB' indicates the least degree of speculation and 'C' the highest. While such obligations will likely have some quality and protective characteristics, these may be outweighed by large uncertainties or major exposure to adverse conditions.
BB An obligation rated 'BB' is less vulnerable to nonpayment than other speculative issues. However, it faces major ongoing uncertainties or exposure to adverse business, financial, or economic conditions that could lead to the obligor's inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
B An obligation rated 'B' is more vulnerable to nonpayment than obligations rated 'BB', but the obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. Adverse business, financial, or economic conditions will likely impair the obligor's capacity or willingness to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
CCC An obligation rated ‘CCC’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation. In the event of adverse business, financial, or economic conditions, the obligor is not likely to have the capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
CC An obligation rated 'CC' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment. The 'CC' rating is used when a default has not yet occurred, but S&P Global Ratings expects default to be a virtual certainty, regardless of the anticipated time to default.
C An obligation rated 'C' is currently highly vulnerable to nonpayment, and the obligation is expected to have lower relative seniority or lower ultimate recovery compared to obligations that are rated higher.
D An obligation rated 'D' is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within five business days in the absence of a stated grace period or within the earlier of the stated grace period or 30 calendar days. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
Ratings from ‘AA’ to ‘CCC’ may be modified by the addition of a plus (+) or minus (-) sign to show relative standing within the rating categories.
SHORT-TERM CREDIT RATINGS:
MOODY’S
P-1 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-1 have a superior ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-2 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-2 have a strong ability to repay short-term debt obligations.
P-3 - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Prime-3 have an acceptable ability to repay short-term obligations.
NP - Issuers (or supporting institutions) rated Not Prime do not fall within any of the Prime rating categories.
S&P GLOBAL RATINGS
A-1 A short-term obligation rated ‘A 1’ is rated in the highest category by S&P Global Ratings. The obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is strong. Within this category, certain obligations are designated with a plus sign (+). This indicates that the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on these obligations is extremely strong.
A-2 A short-term obligation rated ‘A 2’ is somewhat more susceptible to the adverse effects of changes in circumstances and economic conditions than obligations in higher rating categories. However, the obligor’s capacity to meet its financial commitments on the obligation is satisfactory.
A-3 A short-term obligation rated ‘A 3’ exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
B A short-term obligation rated ‘B’ is regarded as vulnerable and has significant speculative characteristics. The obligor currently has the capacity to meet its financial commitments; however, it faces major ongoing uncertainties which could lead to the obligor’s inadequate capacity to meet its financial commitments.
C A short-term obligation rated ‘C’ is currently vulnerable to nonpayment and is dependent upon favorable business, financial, and economic conditions for the obligor to meet its financial commitments on the obligation.
D A short-term obligation rated ‘D’ is in default or in breach of an imputed promise. For non-hybrid capital instruments, the 'D' rating category is used when payments on an obligation are not made on the date due, unless S&P Global Ratings believes that such payments will be made within any stated grace period. However, any stated grace period longer than five business days will be treated as five business days. The 'D' rating also will be used upon the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of a similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions. An obligation's rating is lowered to 'D' if it is subject to a distressed exchange offer.
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RATING OF MUNICIPAL OBLIGATIONS
S&P GLOBAL RATINGS
MUNICIPAL NOTES
An S&P Global Ratings U.S. municipal note rating reflects S&P Global Ratings' opinion about the liquidity factors and market access risks unique to the notes. Notes due in three years or less will likely receive a note rating. Notes with an original maturity of more than three years will most likely receive a long-term debt rating. In determining which type of rating, if any, to assign, S&P Global Ratings' analysis will review the following considerations: (1) Amortization schedule the larger the final maturity relative to other maturities, the more likely it will be treated as a note; and (2) Source of payment the more dependent the issue is on the market for its refinancing, the more likely it will be treated as a note.
Municipal Short-Term Note Ratings are as follows:
SP-1 - Strong capacity to pay principal and interest. An issue determined to possess a very strong capacity to pay debt service is given a plus (+) designation.
SP-2 - Satisfactory capacity to pay principal and interest, with some vulnerability to adverse financial and economic changes over the term of the notes.
SP-3 - Speculative capacity to pay principal and interest.
D - 'D' is assigned upon failure to pay the note when due, completion of a distressed exchange offer, or the filing of a bankruptcy petition or the taking of similar action and where default on an obligation is a virtual certainty, for example due to automatic stay provisions.
MOODY’S
SHORT-TERM OBLIGATION RATINGS
There are three rating categories for short-term municipal obligations that are considered investment grade. These ratings are designated as Municipal Investment Grade (MIG) and are divided into three levels MIG 1 through MIG 3 while speculative grade short-term obligations are designated SG. MIG ratings expire at the maturity of the obligation, and the issuer’s long-term rating is only one consideration in assigning the MIG rating
MIG 1. This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by established cash flows, highly reliable liquidity support, or demonstrated broad-based access to the market for refinancing.
MIG 2. This designation denotes strong credit quality. Margins of protection are ample, although not as large as in the preceding group.
MIG 3. This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Liquidity and cash-flow protection may be narrow, and market access for refinancing is likely to be less well-established.
SG. This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Debt instruments in this category may lack sufficient margins of protection.
DEMAND OBLIGATION RATINGS
In the case of variable rate demand obligations (VRDOs), a two-component rating is assigned: a long or short-term debt rating and a demand obligation rating. The first element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with scheduled principal and interest payments. The second element represents Moody’s evaluation of risk associated with the ability to receive purchase price upon demand (“demand feature”). The second element uses a rating from a variation of the MIG scale called the Variable Municipal Investment Grade (VMIG) scale. VMIG ratings of demand obligations with unconditional liquidity support are mapped from the short-term debt rating (or counterparty assessment) of the support provider, or the underlying obligor in the absence of third party liquidity support, with VMIG 1 corresponding to P-1, VMIG 2 to P-2, VMIG 3 to P-3 and SG to not prime. For example, the VMIG rating for an industrial revenue bond with Company XYZ as the underlying obligor would normally have the same numerical modifier as Company XYZ’s prime rating. Transitions of VMIG ratings of demand obligations with conditional liquidity support, as shown in the diagram below, differ from transitions on the Prime scale to reflect the risk that external liquidity support will terminate if the issuer’s long-term rating drops below investment grade. VMIG ratings of VRDBs with unconditional liquidity support reflect the short-term debt rating (or counterparty assessment) of the liquidity support provider with VMIG 1 corresponding to P-1, VMIG 2 to P-2, VMIG 3 to P-3 and SG to not prime.
VMIG 1. This designation denotes superior credit quality. Excellent protection is afforded by the superior short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
VMIG 2. This designation denotes strong credit quality. Good protection is afforded by the strong short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
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VMIG 3. This designation denotes acceptable credit quality. Adequate protection is afforded by the satisfactory short-term credit strength of the liquidity provider and structural and legal protections that ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
SG. This designation denotes speculative-grade credit quality. Demand features rated in this category may be supported by a liquidity provider that does not have an investment grade short-term rating or may lack the structural and/or legal protections necessary to ensure the timely payment of purchase price upon demand.
For VRDBs supported with conditional liquidity support, short-term ratings transition down at higher long-term ratings to reflect the risk of termination of liquidity support as a result of a downgrade below investment grade.
DUAL RATINGS
S&P Global Ratings
Dual ratings may be assigned to debt issues that have a put option or demand feature. The first component of the rating addresses the likelihood of repayment of principal and interest as due, and the second component of the rating addresses only the demand feature. The first component of the rating can relate to either a short-term or long-term transaction and accordingly use either short-term or long-term rating symbols. The second component of the rating relates to the put option and is assigned a short-term rating symbol (for example, 'AAA/A-1+' or 'A-1+/A-1'). With U.S. municipal short-term demand debt, the U.S. municipal short-term note rating symbols are used for the first component of the rating (for example, 'SP-1+/A-1+').
INTERNATIONAL LONG-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
FITCH, INC.
International credit ratings relate to either foreign currency or local currency commitments and, in both cases, assess the capacity to meet these commitments using a globally applicable scale. As such, both foreign currency and local currency international ratings are internationally comparable assessments.
Rated entities in a number of sectors, including financial and non-financial corporations, sovereigns, insurance companies and certain sectors within public finance, are generally assigned Issuer Default Ratings (IDRs). IDRs are also assigned to certain entities in global infrastructure, project finance and public finance. IDRs opine on an entity's relative vulnerability to default (including by way of a distressed debt exchange) on financial obligations. The threshold default risk addressed by the IDR is generally that of the financial obligations whose non-payment would best reflect the uncured failure of that entity. As such, IDRs also address relative vulnerability to bankruptcy, administrative receivership or similar concepts.
In aggregate, IDRs provide an ordinal ranking of issuers based on the agency's view of their relative vulnerability to default, rather than a prediction of a specific percentage likelihood of default.
AAA: Highest credit quality. 'AAA' ratings denote the lowest expectation of default risk. They are assigned only in cases of exceptionally strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is highly unlikely to be adversely affected by foreseeable events.
AA: Very high credit quality. ’AA’ ratings denote expectations of very low default risk. They indicate very strong capacity for payment of financial commitments. This capacity is not significantly vulnerable to foreseeable events.
A: High credit quality. ‘A’ ratings denote expectations of low default risk. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered strong. This capacity may, nevertheless, be more vulnerable to adverse business or economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings.
BBB: Good credit quality. 'BBB' ratings indicate that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity.
BB: Speculative. 'BB' ratings indicate an elevated vulnerability to default risk, particularly in the event of adverse changes in business or economic conditions over time; however, business or financial flexibility exists which supports the servicing of financial commitments.
B: Highly speculative. 'B' ratings indicate that material default risk is present, but a limited margin of safety remains. Financial commitments are currently being met; however, capacity for continued payment is vulnerable to deterioration in the business and economic environment.
CCC: Substantial credit risk. Default is a real possibility.
CC: Very high levels of credit risk. Default of some kind appears probable.
C: Near default. A default or default-like process has begun, or the issuer is in standstill, or for a closed funding vehicle, payment capacity is irrevocably impaired. Conditions that are indicative of a 'C' category rating for an issuer include:
a. the issuer has entered into a grace or cure period following non-payment of a material financial obligation;
91

b. the issuer has entered into a temporary negotiated waiver or standstill agreement following a payment default on a material financial obligation; or
c. the formal announcement by the issuer or their agent of a distressed debt exchange;
d. a closed financing vehicle where payment capacity is irrevocably impaired such that it is not expected to pay interest and/or principal in full during the life of the transaction, but where no payment default is imminent
RD: Restricted default. ‘RD' ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has experienced:
a. an uncured payment default on a bond, loan or other material financial obligation but
b. has not entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, and
c. has not otherwise ceased operating. This would include:
i. the selective payment default on a specific class or currency of debt;
ii. the uncured expiry of any applicable grace period, cure period or default forbearance period following a payment default on a bank loan, capital markets security or other material financial obligation;
iii.the extension of multiple waivers or forbearance periods upon a payment default on one or more material financial obligations, either in series or in parallel; ordinary execution of a distressed debt exchange on one or more material financial obligations.
D: Default. ‘D' ratings indicate an issuer that in Fitch’s opinion has entered into bankruptcy filings, administration, receivership, liquidation or other formal winding-up procedure, or which has otherwise ceased business.
Default ratings are not assigned prospectively to entities or their obligations; within this context, non-payment on an instrument that contains a deferral feature or grace period will generally not be considered a default until after the expiration of the deferral or grace period, unless a default is otherwise driven by bankruptcy or other similar circumstance, or by a distressed debt exchange.
In all cases, the assignment of a default rating reflects the agency's opinion as to the most appropriate rating category consistent with the rest of its universe of ratings, and may differ from the definition of default under the terms of an issuer's financial obligations or local commercial practice.
Within rating categories, Fitch may use modifiers. The modifiers "+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories.
INTERNATIONAL SHORT-TERM CREDIT RATINGS
FITCH, INC.
A short-term issuer or obligation rating is based in all cases on the short-term vulnerability to default of the rated entity and relates to the capacity to meet financial obligations in accordance with the documentation governing the relevant obligation. Short-term deposit ratings may be adjusted for loss severity. Short-Term Ratings are assigned to obligations whose initial maturity is viewed as "short term" based on market convention. Typically, this means up to 13 months for corporate, sovereign, and structured obligations and up to 36 months for obligations in U.S. public finance markets.
F1: Highest Short-Term Credit Quality. Indicates the strongest intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments; may have an added "+" to denote any exceptionally strong credit feature.
F2: Good Short-Term Credit Quality. Good intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments.
F3: Fair Short-Term Credit Quality. The intrinsic capacity for timely payment of financial commitments is adequate.
B: Speculative Short-Term Credit Quality. Minimal capacity for timely payment of financial commitments, plus heightened vulnerability to near term adverse changes in financial and economic conditions.
C: High Short-Term Default risk. Default is a real possibility.
RD: Restricted Default. Indicates an entity that has defaulted on one or more of its financial commitments, although it continues to meet other financial obligations. Typically applicable to entity ratings only.
D: Default. Indicates a broad-based default event for an entity, or the default of a short-term obligation.
Within rating categories, Fitch may use modifiers. The modifiers "+" or "-" may be appended to a rating to denote relative status within major rating categories.
ACTIVEETFSAI-20
92

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST
PART C
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits
c.
Not Applicable
f.
Not Applicable

k.
Not Applicable
l.
Not Applicable
n.
Not Applicable
o.
Not Applicable

Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund
The Funds do not control and are not under common control with any other persons.
Item 30. Indemnification
Reference is made to the subsections of Article IX of the Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust (“Declaration”) for the Registrant (also, the “Trust”). All section references below are to those contained in the Declaration.
Indemnification and Advancement of Expenses. Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in this Section 9.5, every person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer, or employee of the Trust, including persons who serve at the request of the Trust as directors, trustees, officers, employees or agents of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (hereinafter referred to as a “Covered Person”), shall be indemnified by the Trust or the applicable Series to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been such a Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him in settlement thereof. No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person to the extent such indemnification is prohibited by applicable federal law. The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be such a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person. Subject to applicable federal law, expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding subject to a claim for indemnification under this Section 9.5 shall be advanced by the Trust or the applicable Series prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the recipient to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 9.5. To the extent that any determination is required to be made as to whether a Covered Person engaged in conduct for which indemnification is not provided as described herein, or as to whether there is reason to believe that a Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification, the Person or Persons making the determination shall afford the Covered Person a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in such conduct and that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification. As used in this Section 9.5, the words “claim,” “action,” “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, demands, actions, suits, investigations, regulatory inquiries, proceedings or any other occurrence of a similar nature, whether actual or threatened and whether civil, criminal, administrative or other, including appeals, and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include without limitation, attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
Further Indemnification. Nothing contained herein shall affect any rights to indemnification to which any Covered Person or other Person may be entitled by contract or otherwise under law or prevent the Trust from entering into any contract to provide indemnification to any Covered Person or other Person. Without limiting the foregoing, the Trust may, in connection with the acquisition of assets subject to liabilities pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof or a merger or consolidation pursuant to Section 10.2 hereof, assume the obligation to indemnify any Person including a Covered Person or otherwise contract to provide such indemnification, and such indemnification shall not be subject to the terms of this Article IX.
Amendments and Modifications. Without limiting the provisions of Section 11.1(b) hereof, in no event will any amendment, modification or change to the provisions of this Declaration or the By-Laws adversely affect in any manner the rights of any Covered Person to (a) indemnification under Section 9.5 hereof in connection with any proceeding in which such Covered Person becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of being or having been a Trustee, officer or employee of the Trust or (b) any insurance payments under policies maintained by the Trust, in either case with respect to any act or omission of such Covered Person that occurred or is alleged to have occurred prior to the time such amendment, modification or change to this Declaration or the By-Laws.

The Registrant’s various agreements with its service providers provide for indemnification.
Item 31. Business and Other Connections of Investment Adviser
Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC”) serves as investment adviser to each series of the Registrant. The executive officers of HFMC are listed in the investment adviser registration on Form ADV for HFMC (File No. 801-77209) and are hereby incorporated herein by reference thereto. The business and other connections of a substantial nature of each executive officer are given below.
Name
Position
with HFMC (1)
Position
with
Lattice (2)
Other Business
James E. Davey
Senior
Managing
Director,
Chairman of
the Board,
President
and
Manager
President,
Chairman of
the Board,
and
Manager
Executive Vice President of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. (3)
(“The Hartford”); Senior Managing Director, Chairman of the Board and
Manager of Hartford Funds Distributors, LLC (4) (“HFD”); President, Senior
Managing Director, Director and Chairman of the Board of Hartford
Administrative Services Company (5) (“HASCO”); and President, Director,
Chairman and Senior Managing Director of the Hartford Funds
Management Group, Inc. (6) (“HFMG”)
Gregory A. Frost
Managing
Director,
Chief
Financial
Officer and
Manager
Chief
Financial
Officer,
Assistant
Treasurer,
and
Manager
Director, Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of HASCO;
Manager, Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of HFD; and
Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of HFMG
Walter F. Garger
Secretary,
Managing
Director and
General
Counsel
General
Counsel and
Secretary
Secretary, Managing Director and General Counsel of HFD, HASCO and
HFMG
Theodore Lucas
None
Executive
Vice
President
Executive Vice President of HFMG
Joseph G.
Melcher
Executive
Vice
President
and Chief
Compliance
Officer
Executive
Vice
President
and Chief
Compliance
Officer
Executive Vice President of HASCO, HFD and HFMG
Vernon J. Meyer
Chief
Investment
Officer and
Managing
Director
Senior Vice
President
Investments
Managing Director of HFMG
Anita Baldwin
Vice
President
None
Vice President of HFMG
Jeffrey T. Coghan
Vice
President
None
Senior Vice President of HFD and HFMG
Amy N. Furlong
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Treasurer
None
Vice President of HFMG
Allison Z.
Mortensen
Vice
President
None
Vice President of HFMG
Christopher
Morvant
Vice
President
None
None

Name
Position
with HFMC (1)
Position
with
Lattice (2)
Other Business
Shannon O’Neill
Vice
President
and
Controller
None
Vice President and Controller of HASCO and HFMG; Financial and
Operations Principal (FINOP), Vice President and Controller of HFD
Alice A. Pellegrino
None
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Secretary
Vice President of HFMG
Kevin F. Barnett
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HFMG
Eapen A. Chandy
Assistant
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Treasurer
Assistant
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Treasurer
Assistant Vice President and Assistant Treasurer of HASCO, HFD, HFMG,
The Hartford, and Hartford Investment Management Company (7)
(“HIMCO”)
Michael R.
Chesman
Senior Vice
President
and Director
of Taxes
Senior Vice
President
and Director
of Taxes
Director of Taxes and Senior Vice President of HASCO, HFD, HFMG,
HIMCO, and The Hartford
Michael J. Fixer
Assistant
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Treasurer
Assistant
Vice
President
and
Assistant
Treasurer
Assistant Treasurer and Assistant Vice President of HASCO, HFD, HFMG,
and The Hartford
Audrey E. Hayden
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HASCO, HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
Kathleen E.
Jorens
Treasurer
Treasurer
Treasurer of HASCO and HFMG; Treasurer and Senior Vice President of
HIMCO and The Hartford; Senior Vice President and RPG Business Line
Principal of HFD
Elizabeth L.
Kemp
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
Timothy M. Ligay
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HASCO, HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
Gissell Martinez
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HASCO, HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
Keith R. Percy
Vice
President
Vice
President
Vice President of HASCO, HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
Holly P. Seitz
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant
Secretary
Assistant Secretary of HASCO, HFD, HFMG, and HIMCO
(1)
The principal business address for HFMC is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, PA 19087.
(2)
Lattice Strategies LLC (“Lattice”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of HFMC. The principal business address for Lattice is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, PA 19087.
(3)
The principal business address for The Hartford is One Hartford Plaza, Hartford, CT 06155.
(4)
The principal business address for HFD is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, PA 19087.
(5)
The principal business address for HASCO is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, PA 19087.
(6)
The principal business address for HFMG is 690 Lee Road, Wayne, PA 19087.
(7)
The principal business address for HIMCO is One Hartford Plaza, Hartford, CT 06155.
Wellington Management Company LLP (“Wellington Management”) serves as sub-adviser to certain series of the Registrant. The executive officers of Wellington Management are listed in the investment adviser registration on Form ADV for Wellington Management (File No. 801-15908) and are hereby incorporated herein by reference

thereto. The directors and officers of Wellington Management have been engaged during the past two fiscal years in no business, vocation, or employment of a substantial nature other than as directors, officers, or employees of Wellington Management or certain of its corporate affiliates.
Schroder Investment Management North America Inc. (“SIMNA”) and Schroder Investment Management North America Limited (“SIMNA Ltd.”) each serve as sub-adviser and sub-sub-adviser, respectively, to certain series of the Registrant. The executive officers of SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. are listed in the respective investment advisers’ registration on Forms ADV (File No. 801-15834 and File No. 801-37163, respectively) and are hereby incorporated herein by reference thereto. The directors and officers of SIMNA and SIMNA Ltd. have been engaged during the past two fiscal years in no business, vocation, or employment of a substantial nature other than as directors, officers, or employees of SIMNA or certain of its corporate affiliates.
Item 32. Principal Underwriters
(a)
ALPS Distributors, Inc. (“ALPS”) acts as the distributor for the Trust and the following investment companies: 1WS Credit Income Fund, 1290 Funds, Aberdeen Standard Investments ETFs, ALPS Series Trust, The Arbitrage Funds, AQR Funds, Axonic Alternative Income Fund, Axonic Funds, Barings Funds Trust, BBH Trust, Bluerock Total Income+ Real Estate Fund, Brandes Investment Trust, Bridge Builder Trust, Broadstone Real Estate Access Fund, Brown Advisory Funds, Brown Capital Management Mutual Funds, Cambria ETF Trust, CC Real Estate Income Fund, Centre Funds, CIM Real Assets & Credit Fund, CION Ares Diversified Credit Fund, Columbia ETF Trust, Columbia ETF Trust I, Columbia ETF Trust II, CRM Mutual Fund Trust, Cullen Funds Trust, DBX ETF Trust, ETF Series Solutions, Flat Rock Opportunity Fund, Financial Investors Trust, Firsthand Funds, FS Credit Income Fund, FS Energy Total Return Fund, FS Series Trust, FS Multi-Alternative Income Fund, Goehring & Rozencwajg Investment Funds, Goldman Sachs ETF Trust, Griffin Institutional Access Credit Fund, Griffin Institutional Access Real Estate Fund, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Heartland Group, Inc., Holland Series Fund, Inc., IndexIQ Active ETF Trust, Index IQ ETF Trust, Infusive US Trust, James Advantage Funds, Janus Detroit Street Trust, Lattice Strategies Trust, Litman Gregory Funds Trust, Longleaf Partners Funds Trust, M3Sixty Funds Trust, Mairs & Power Funds Trust, Meridian Fund, Inc., Natixis ETF Trust, Pax World Series Trust I, Pax World Funds Trust III, PRIMECAP Odyssey Funds, Principal Exchange-Traded Funds, Reality Shares ETF Trust, Resource Credit Income Fund, RiverNorth Funds, Sierra Total Return Fund, SPDR Dow Jones Industrial Average ETF Trust, SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust, SPDR S&P MidCap 400 ETF Trust, Sprott Funds Trust, Stadion Investment Trust, Stone Harbor Investment Funds, Stone Ridge Trust, Stone Ridge Trust II, Stone Ridge Trust III, Stone Ridge Trust IV, Stone Ridge Trust V, Stone Ridge Trust VI, Stone Ridge Residential Real Estate Income Fund I, Inc., USCF ETF Trust, Wasatch Funds, WesMark Funds, Wilmington Funds, XAI Octagon Credit Trust, X-Square Balanced Fund and YieldStreet Prism Fund
(b)
To the best of Trust’s knowledge, the directors and executive officers of ALPS Distributors, Inc., are as follows:
Name and Principal Business
Address*
Positions and Offices with
Underwriter
Position and Offices
with Registrant
Bradley J. Swenson
President, Chief Operating Officer,
Director
None
Robert J. Szydlowski
Senior Vice President, Chief
Technology Officer
None
Eric T. Parsons
Vice President, Controller and
Assistant Treasurer
None
Joseph J. Frank**
Secretary
None
Patrick J. Pedonti **
Vice President, Treasurer and
Assistant Secretary
None
Richard C. Noyes
Senior Vice President, General
Counsel, Assistant Secretary
None
Liza Orr
Vice President, Senior Counsel
None
Jed Stahl
Vice President, Senior Counsel
None
James Stegall
Vice President
None

Name and Principal Business
Address*
Positions and Offices with
Underwriter
Position and Offices
with Registrant
Gary Ross
Senior Vice President
None
Kevin Ireland
Senior Vice President
None
Stephen J. Kyllo
Vice President, Chief Compliance
Officer
None
Hilary Quinn
Vice President
None
Jennifer Craig
Assistant Vice President
None
*
Except as otherwise noted, the principal business address for each of the above directors and executive officers is 1290 Broadway, Suite 1000, Denver, Colorado 80203.
**
The principal business address for Messrs. Pedonti and Frank is 333 W. 11th Street, 5th Floor, Kansas City, Missouri 64105.
(c)
Not Applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records
Books or other documents required to be maintained by the Registrant by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended and the rules promulgated thereunder are maintained by the Registrant’s custodian, administrator, and transfer agent, State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, and the Registrant’s investment manager, Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC, 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087. The Registrant’s corporate records are maintained at Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC, 690 Lee Road, Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087, and its financial ledgers are maintained at State Street Bank and Trust Company, One Lincoln Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02111.
Item 34. Management Services
Not Applicable
Item 35. Undertakings
Not Applicable

SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act of 1933 and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the city of Wayne, and Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on the 25 th day of November 2020.
HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST
By:
/s/ James E. Davey*
 
James E. Davey
President
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Post-Effective Amendment to the Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.
Signature
Title
Date
/s/ James E. Davey*

James E. Davey
Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
November 25, 2020
/s/ Amy N. Furlong*

Amy N. Furlong
Treasurer
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting
Officer)
November 25, 2020
/s/ Lynn S. Birdsong*

Lynn S. Birdsong
Chairman of the Board and Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Hilary E. Ackermann*

Hilary E. Ackermann
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Robin C. Beery*

Robin C. Beery
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Derrick D. Cephas*

Derrick D. Cephas
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Christine R. Detrick*

Christine R. Detrick
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Duane E. Hill*

Duane E. Hill
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Andrew A. Johnson, Jr.*

Andrew A. Johnson, Jr.
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Paul L. Rosenberg*

Paul L. Rosenberg
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ Lemma W. Senbet*

Lemma W. Senbet
Trustee
November 25, 2020
/s/ David Sung*

David Sung
Trustee
November 25, 2020
* By: /s/ Thomas R. Phillips*

Thomas R. Phillips, Attorney-in-fact (Pursuant
to Power of Attorney (filed herewith))
 
November 25, 2020
7


 

THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE

GLOBAL SECURITIES LENDING AGENCY AGREEMENT

 

 

This Amendment, dated September 25, 2020, hereby amends the Amended and Restated Global Securities Lending Agency Agreement (the “Agency Agreement”) dated as of October 1, 2019 as amended from time to time between (i) CITIBANK, N.A., a national banking organization (the “Agent”) and (ii) each of the registered investment companies identified on the signature page hereto (each a “Registrant” and collectively, the “Registrants”) on behalf of each of its respective series identified on Appendix A to the Agency Agreement (each a “Lender” and collectively, the “Lenders”). Capitalized terms used herein without definition shall have the meaning assigned thereto in the Agency Agreement.

WHEREAS, the Parties wish to amend the Agency Agreement to replace Appendix A and Exhibit A to the Agency Agreement;

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants contained herein, the Parties hereby agree as follows:

 

  1.

Appendix A to the Agency Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the Amended and Restated Appendix A.

 

  2.

Exhibit A to the Agency Agreement is hereby deleted in its entirety and replaced with the Amended and Restated Exhibit A.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be executed as of the date set forth above.

 

CITIBANK, N.A., Agent

   The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A
       The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A
       Hartford Series Fund, Inc., on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A
       Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc., on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A
       Lattice Strategies Trust, on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A
       Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, on behalf of its respective Lenders set forth on Amended and Restated Appendix A

By:

 

/s/ Richard Kissinger

 

By:

  

/s/ Amy Furlong                                         

Name:

 

Richard Kissinger

    

Name:Amy Furlong

Title:

 

Director

    

Title: Treasurer


Amended and Restated

Appendix A

Lenders

The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc.

1.  The Hartford Balanced Income Fund

2.  Hartford AARP Balanced Retirement Fund

3.  The Hartford Capital Appreciation Fund

4.  Hartford Core Equity Fund

5.  The Hartford Dividend and Growth Fund

6.  Hartford Emerging Markets Equity Fund

7.  The Hartford Emerging Markets Local Debt Fund

8.  Hartford Climate Opportunities Fund

9.  The Hartford Equity Income Fund

10.  Hartford Global Impact Fund

11.  The Hartford Global Real Asset Fund

12.  The Hartford Healthcare Fund

13.  The Hartford Inflation Plus Fund

14.  Hartford International Equity Fund

15.  The Hartford International Growth Fund

16.  The Hartford International Opportunities Fund

17.  The Hartford International Value Fund

18.  The Hartford MidCap Fund

19.  The Hartford MidCap Value Fund

20.  Hartford Multi-Asset Income and Growth Fund

21.  Hartford Municipal Income Fund

22.  The Hartford Municipal Opportunities Fund

23.  Hartford Municipal Short Duration Fund

24.  The Hartford Short Duration Fund

25.  Hartford Small Cap Value Fund

26.  The Hartford Small Company Fund

27.  The Hartford Strategic Income Fund

28.  The Hartford Total Return Bond Fund

29.  The Hartford World Bond Fund

 

The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc.

1.  The Hartford Growth Opportunities Fund

2.  The Hartford Small Cap Growth Fund

3.  Hartford Quality Value Fund

4.  Hartford Schroders Emerging Markets Equity Fund

5.  Hartford Schroders Emerging Markets Multi-Sector Bond Fund

6.  Hartford Schroders International Multi-Cap Value Fund

7.  Hartford Schroders International Stock Fund

8.  Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond Fund

9.  Hartford Schroders US Small Cap Opportunities Fund

10.  Hartford Schroders US MidCap Opportunities Fund

11.  Hartford Multifactor International Fund

12.  Hartford Multifactor Large Cap Value Fund

 

Hartford Series Fund, Inc.

1.  Hartford Balanced HLS Fund

2.  Hartford Capital Appreciation HLS Fund

3.  Hartford Disciplined Equity HLS Fund


4.  Hartford Dividend and Growth HLS Fund

5.  Hartford Healthcare HLS Fund

6.  Hartford International Opportunities HLS Fund

7.  Hartford MidCap HLS Fund

8.  Hartford Small Company HLS Fund

9.  Hartford Stock HLS Fund

10.  Hartford Total Return Bond HLS Fund

11.  Hartford Ultrashort Bond HLS Fund

    

Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc.

1.  Hartford Small Cap Growth HLS Fund

    

Lattice Strategies Trust

1.  Hartford Multifactor Developed Markets (ex-US) ETF

2.  Hartford Multifactor Emerging Markets ETF

3.  Hartford Multifactor Small Cap ETF

4.  Hartford Multifactor Diversified International ETF

5.  Hartford Multifactor US Equity ETF

    

Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust

1.  Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF

2.  Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF

3.  Hartford Short Duration ETF

4.  Hartford Total Return Bond ETF

5.  Hartford Core Bond ETF


Amended and Restated Exhibit A

to the Global Securities Lending Agency Agreement,

Between CITIBANK, N.A., As the Agent

and each Registrant, on behalf of its respective Lenders

LIST OF DESIGNATED ACCOUNTS

[REDACTED]

AMENDMENT ONE

TO

FUND ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT

This Amendment One (the “Amendment”) to the Fund Accounting Agreement is made as of this 17 day of May, 2018, by and among Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and each of Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust and Lattice Strategies Trust (each, a Trust and collectively, the Trusts), on behalf of their respective series listed on Schedule A (together with the series listed on Schedule A, the “Funds”).

WHEREAS, the parties hereto have entered into a Fund Accounting Agreement (the “Agreement”) dated as of November 10, 2017, as amended; and

WHEREAS, the parties hereto wish to amend the Agreement in order to revise the list of Funds covered by the Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and adequate consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

  1.

Amendment of Schedule A. Schedule A of the Agreement are hereby amended by deleting it in its entirety and replacing it with the Amended and Restated Schedule A attached hereto.

 

  2.

Except as modified hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

1


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed all as of the date first above written.

 

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

By: /s/ Amy N. Furlong                        

       Amy N. Furlong

       Vice President and Treasurer

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

By: /s/ Amy N. Furlong                        

       Amy N. Furlong

       Vice President and Treasurer

HARTFORD FUNDS MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLC

By: /s/ Gregory A. Frost                        

       Gregory A. Frost

       Chief Financial Officer


AMENDED AND RESTATED SCHEDULE A

To the Fund Accounting Agreement

This Amended and Restated Schedule A to that certain Fund Accounting Agreement dated November 10, 2017, is effective as of May 17, 2018.

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

Hartford Corporate Bond ETF

Hartford Quality Bond ETF

Hartford Total Return Bond ETF

Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF

Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF

Hartford Short Duration ETF

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

Hartford Multifactor Emerging Markets ETF

Hartford Multifactor Developed Markets (ex-US) ETF

Hartford Multifactor Global Small Cap ETF

Hartford Multifactor REIT ETF

Hartford Multifactor US Equity ETF

Hartford Multifactor Low Volatility US Equity ETF

Hartford Multifactor Low Volatility International Equity ETF

AMENDMENT TWO

TO

FUND ACCOUNTING AGREEMENT

This Amendment Two (the “Amendment”) to the Fund Accounting Agreement is made as of this 18 day of February, 2020, by and among Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and each of Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust and Lattice Strategies Trust (each, a Trust and collectively, the Trusts), on behalf of their respective series listed on Schedule A (together with the series listed on Schedule A, the “Funds”).

WHEREAS, the parties hereto have entered into a Fund Accounting Agreement (the “Agreement”) dated as of November 10, 2017, as amended; and

WHEREAS, the parties hereto wish to amend the Agreement in order to revise the list of Funds covered by the Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, for good and adequate consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the parties hereto agree as follows:

 

  1.

Amendment of Schedule A. Schedule A of the Agreement is hereby amended by deleting it in its entirety and replacing it with the Amended and Restated Schedule A attached hereto.

 

  2.

Except as modified hereby, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect.

 

1


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Amendment to be duly executed all as of the date first above written.

 

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

By: /s/ Amy N. Furlong                        

       Amy N. Furlong

       Vice President and Treasurer

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

By: /s/ Amy N. Furling                        

       Amy N. Furlong

       Vice President and Treasurer

HARTFORD FUNDS MANAGEMENT COMPANY, LLC

By: /s/ Gregory A. Frost                                    

       Gregory A. Frost

       Chief Financial Officer


AMENDED AND RESTATED SCHEDULE A

To the Fund Accounting Agreement

This Amended and Restated Schedule A to that certain Fund Accounting Agreement dated November 10, 2017, is effective as of February 18, 2020.

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

Hartford Core Bond ETF

Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF

Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF

Hartford Short Duration ETF

Hartford Total Return Bond ETF

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

Hartford Multifactor Developed Markets (ex-US) ETF

Hartford Multifactor Diversified International ETF

Hartford Multifactor Emerging Markets ETF

Hartford Multifactor Low Volatility US Equity ETF

Hartford Multifactor REIT ETF

Hartford Multifactor Small Cap ETF

Hartford Multifactor US Equity ETF

 

LOGO

  

1900 K Street, NW

Washington, DC 20006-1110

+1 202 261 3300 Main

+1 202 261 3333 Fax

www.dechert.com

     

November 25, 2020

Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust

690 Lee Road

Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087

 

Re:

Registration Statement on Form N-1A

Dear Sir or Madam:

As counsel for Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, a Delaware statutory trust (the “Trust”), we are familiar with the Trust’s registration statement on Form N-1A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”) (File No. 333-215165), and under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (File No. 811-23222), and each amendment thereto (collectively, the “Registration Statement”) relating to the shares of beneficial interest (the “Shares”) of the authorized series of the Trust to be issued and sold by the Trust. We have examined such governmental and corporate certificates and records as we deemed necessary to render this opinion, and we are familiar with the Trust’s Amended and Restated Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended to date, and By-Laws.

Based upon the foregoing, it is our opinion that the Shares have been duly authorized and, when issued and sold at the public offering price contemplated by the Registration Statement and delivered by the Trust against receipt of the net asset value of the Shares, will be issued as fully paid and nonassessable Shares of the Trust.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, and to the use of our name in the Registration Statement, unless and until we revoke such consent. In giving such consent, however, we do not admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required by Section 7 of the 1933 Act or the rules and regulations thereunder.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Dechert LLP

Dechert LLP

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form N-1A of Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust of our report dated September 23, 2020, relating to the financial statements and financial highlights, which appears in Hartford Schroders Tax-Aware Bond ETF, Hartford Total Return Bond ETF, Hartford Municipal Opportunities ETF, Hartford Short Duration ETF, and Hartford Core Bond ETF Annual Report on Form N-CSR for the year ended July 31, 2020. We also consent to the references to us under the headings “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm”, “Financial Statements” and “Financial Highlights” in such Registration Statement.

/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

November 24, 2020

CODE OF ETHICS AND INSIDER TRADING POLICY

The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc.

The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc.

Hartford Series Fund, Inc.

Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc.

Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust

Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund

Lattice Strategies Trust

(each of the above is referred to as a “Fund,” together, the “Hartford Funds”)

Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC”)

Lattice Strategies LLC (“Lattice”)

(each of the above is referred to as an “Adviser”, together the “Advisers,”)

Hartford Funds Distributors, LLC (“HFD”)1

Effective – May 1, 2020

This Code of Ethics and Insider Trading Policy (“Code”) is adopted in compliance with the requirements of U.S. securities laws applicable to registered investment advisers and registered investment companies. Registered investment advisers are required by Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (“Advisers Act”), to adopt a code of ethics which, among other things, sets forth the standards of business conduct required of their supervised persons and requires those supervised persons to comply with the Federal Securities Laws. Similarly, each registered investment company and its adviser and principal underwriter must adopt a code of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”). In conformity with these rules, this Code is adopted by the above-listed entities (collectively referred to as “Hartford Entities”).

 

1.

Standards of Business Conduct

The nature of our business is such that all directors, officers and employees of the Funds and the Advisers have a fiduciary duty to the Funds’ shareholders and our other investment advisory clients. Accordingly, each of us is under an affirmative duty to place the interests of the Funds’ shareholders and our other investment advisory clients first, ahead of our own personal financial interests. We further must avoid any conflicts of interest between our personal securities investments and those of our clients, and take appropriate steps to ensure that investment personnel do not take inappropriate advantage of their positions of trust.

In order to ensure that we fulfill these duties, all personal securities transactions of persons identified as being subject to this Code of Ethics must be conducted in accordance with the requirements stated herein.

 

1 HFD acts as each Fund’s principal underwriter, except for series of the Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust and Lattice Strategies Trust and, as such, is covered by this Code in that capacity. The requirements of this Code take into account HFD’s role as underwriter for the applicable Funds.

 

1


Access Persons, Investment Persons and Supervised Persons of Hartford Entities must not:

 

   

employ any device, scheme or artifice to defraud any Client (as defined in Section 2.E);

 

   

make to a Client any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state to a Client a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading;

 

   

engage in any act, practice, or course of business which operates or would operate as a fraud or deceit upon a Client;

 

   

engage in any manipulative practice with respect to a Client;

 

   

use their positions, or any investment opportunities presented by virtue of their positions, to their personal advantage or to the detriment of a Client; or

 

   

conduct personal trading activities in contravention of this Code or applicable legal principles or in such a manner as may be inconsistent with the fiduciary duties owed to Clients.

To assure compliance with these restrictions and the Federal Securities Laws, as defined in this Code, we have adopted, and agreed to be governed by, the provisions of this Code in addition to the procedures contained in applicable compliance manuals.2 However, Access Persons, Investment Persons and Supervised Persons are expected to comply not merely with the “letter of the law”, but with the spirit of the laws, this Code and applicable compliance manuals. The requirements stated in this Code are in addition to the obligations that officers and employees of the Funds and the Adviser have to comply with the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. and the Adviser’s policy regarding the receipt and use of material non-public inside information.

Should you have any doubt as to how or whether this Code applies to you, you should contact the Chief Compliance Officer, as defined below.

 

2.

Definitions

As used in the Code, the following terms have the following meanings:

 

  A.

Access Persons include:

 

  (1)

any director, trustee, officer or general partner of a Fund;

  (2)

any director, trustee, officer or general partner of the Adviser who in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities by the Fund or nonpublic information about the portfolio holdings of a Fund, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales;

 

2 Applicable compliance manuals include the Advisers’ policies and procedures adopted pursuant to Advisers Act Rule 206(4)-7 and the Funds’ policies and procedures adopted pursuant to 1940 Act Rule 38a-1, as they may exist from time to time. Whether or not listed, Access Persons and Supervised Persons are required to comply with all relevant compliance procedures.

 

2


  (3)

any employee of a Fund or Adviser (or of any company in a control relationship to the Fund or Adviser) or any director, trustee, officer or general partner of any company in a control relationship to the Fund or Adviser who in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes, participates in, or obtains information regarding the purchase or sale of Reportable Securities by the Fund, or whose functions relate to the making of any recommendations with respect to such purchases or sales;

  (4)

any Supervised Person of the Adviser who (a) has access to nonpublic information regarding any Clients’ purchase or sale of securities, or portfolio holdings of any Reportable Fund; (b) has access to nonpublic information regarding a Reportable Fund or (c) is involved in making securities recommendations to Clients or has access to such recommendations that are nonpublic;

  (5)

any natural person in a control relationship to a Fund or Adviser who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Fund with regard to the purchase or sale of securities by the Fund; and

  (6)

any other person who the CCO determines to be an Access Person.3

 

  B.

Automatic Investment Plan means any program in which regular periodic purchases (or withdrawals) are made automatically in (or from) investment accounts in accordance with a predetermined schedule and allocation, including, but not limited to, payroll deduction services and any dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP).

 

  C.

Beneficial Ownership generally means having a direct or indirect pecuniary interest in a security and is legally defined to be beneficial ownership as used in Rule 16a-1(a)(2) under Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”).

Pecuniary interest generally means the opportunity to directly or indirectly provide or share in any profit derived from a transaction in a security. This would include any such person’s immediate family members sharing the same household (including, but not limited to spouse, domestic partner, child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, step-parent, sibling or in-law).

 

  D.

Chief Compliance Officer or CCO means the Chief Compliance Officer of the applicable Hartford Entity or the CCO’s designee, as applicable.

 

  E.

Client means: (1) with respect to the Funds, shareholders; (2) with respect to the Advisers, the Funds and any person or entity that has an executed investment management agreement with the Advisers; and (3) with respect to HFD, the Hartford Mutual Funds (except for series of the Hartford Funds NextShares Trust, Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust and Lattice Strategies Trust).

 

  F.

Federal Securities Laws means: (1) the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”); (2) the Exchange Act; (3) the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; (4) the 1940 Act, (5)

 

3 The CCO will inform all Access Persons of their status as such and will maintain a list of Access Persons Investment Persons and Supervised Persons

 

3


the Advisers Act; (6) title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act; (7) any rules adopted by the SEC under the foregoing statutes; (8) the Bank Secrecy Act, as it applies to funds and investment advisers; and (9) any rules adopted under relevant provisions of the Bank Secrecy Act by the SEC or the Department of the Treasury.

 

  G.

Independent Director means a director of a Fund who is not an “interested person” of a Fund within the meaning of 1940 Act Section 2(a)(19).

 

  H.

Initial Public Offering or IPO means an offering of securities registered under the Securities Act, the issuer of which, immediately before the registration, was not subject to the reporting requirements of Exchange Act Sections 13 or 15(d).

 

  I.

Investment Person means

  (1)

any employee of the Adviser (or of any company in a control relationship to the Adviser), who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, makes or participates in making recommendations regarding the purchase or sale of securities by a Fund or client account; and

  (2)

any natural person who controls any Fund, client account or Adviser and who obtains information concerning recommendations made to the Fund or client account regarding the purchase or sale of securities for the Fund or client account. The term Investment Person includes analysts, traders and other personnel of the Adviser who take part in the process of making decisions about investments for Funds or client accounts, or other personnel as deemed by the Chief Compliance Officer. An Investment Person is a type of Access Person.

  (3)

As appropriate, the Chief Compliance Officer or delegate will notify Access Persons of their designation as an Investment Person.

 

  J.

Limited Offering means an offering that is exempt from registration under Securities Act Sections 4(2) or 4(6) or pursuant to Securities Act Rules 504, 505 or 506. For greater clarity, Limited Offerings of securities issued by a fund or any private collective investment vehicle or unregistered hedge fund advised by the Adviser are included within the term “Limited Offering”.

 

  K.

Managed Account means a fully discretionary account opened or maintained by an Access Person for which a registered investment adviser, bank or other investment manager acting in a similar fiduciary capacity, exercises sole investment discretion.

An Access Person will be deemed to have direct or indirect influence or control, over his or her account, unless the Access Person has provided a third-party manager or trustee with management authority and discretionary investment authority over the account and the Access Person refrains from engaging in each of the following:

   

Suggesting purchases or sales of investments to the trustee or third-party discretionary manager prior to the purchase or sale of a security; and

 

4


   

Directing or instructing the execution of purchases or sales of investments in the account.

However, discussions in which a trustee or third-party manager simply summarizes, describes, or explains account activity to an Access Person, without receiving directions or suggestions from the Access Person, would not implicate influence or control by the Access Person over that account.

 

  L.

Non-Management Interested Director means an “interested person” of the Funds within the meaning of 1940 Act Section 2(a)(19) who: serves as a director of a Fund; is not an officer or employee of a Fund, the Adviser or an affiliate of the Adviser; and does not provide any services to the Funds, the Adviser or any affiliate of the Adviser other than as a director of the Funds.

 

  M.

Reportable Securities Account means an account over which the Access Person has beneficial ownership and can hold a Reportable Security as defined in Section 2.P. below.

 

  N.

Purchase or Sale of a Security includes, among other things, the writing of an option to purchase or sell a security or the vesting of common stock.

 

  O.

Reportable Fund means: (1) any registered investment company advised by the Advisers; or (2) any registered investment company whose investment adviser or principal underwriter controls, is controlled by or is under common control with any Hartford Entity.

This includes Hartford Mutual Funds, Hartford Closed End Funds

and the Hartford Exchange Traded Funds.

 

  P.

Reportable Security means any security as defined in Advisers Act Section 202(a)(18) and 1940 Act Section 2(a)(36) except: (1) direct obligations of the Government of the United States; (2) bankers’ acceptances, bank certificates of deposit, commercial paper and high quality short-term debt instruments, including repurchase agreements; (3) shares issued by money market funds; (4) shares issued by open-end funds other than Reportable Funds; and (5) shares issued by unit investment trusts that are invested exclusively in one or more open-end funds, none of which are Reportable Funds. For purposes of this Code, the term Reportable Security, which provides a narrower exemption than the term “Covered Security”, is used for compliance with both Rule 204A-1 and Rule 17j-1, except as otherwise noted.

 

  Q.

Security Held or to be Acquired means any Reportable Security which, within the most recent 15 days, (1) is or has been held by a Client, or (2) is being or has been considered by a Client or the Adviser for purchase or sale by a Client. This definition includes any option to purchase or sell, and any security convertible into or exchangeable for, a Reportable Security.

 

  R.

Supervised Person of the Adviser means any partner, officer, director, or employee of the Adviser; and any other person who provides investment advice on behalf of the Adviser and

 

5


 

is subject to the supervision and control of the Adviser. Contractors, consultants and interns may, in certain circumstances, be deemed to be Supervised Persons.

 

3.

Substantive Policies and Restrictions

  A.

IPO and Limited Offering Restrictions. Access Persons may not acquire any securities issued as part of an IPO or a Limited Offering, absent prior approval by the CCO or the CCO’s designee through MyComplianceOffice (“MCO”). An Access Person who has been authorized to acquire interests in such securities must disclose their interests if involved in considering an investment in such securities for a Client. Any decision to acquire the issuer’s securities on behalf of a Client shall be subject to review by Access Persons with no personal interest in the issuer. This section does not apply to any Independent Director or any Non-Management Interested Director.

 

  B.

Gift and Entertainment Policy. Access Persons, or others as designated by the CCO, are required to report to the CCO the receipt and giving of gifts in excess of $100 from any financial intermediary, service provider or vendor of a Hartford Entity, or any person or entity affiliated with such financial intermediary, service provider or vendor. In general, Access Persons may not provide or receive entertainment in excess of $350 per employee per event and $1,000 on an annual basis from a financial intermediary. In addition, Access Persons are generally prohibited from both accepting gifts or entertainment from a service provider or vendor and providing gifts or entertainment to a service provider or vendor within thirty days of the execution of an agreement with the service provider or vendor or during active negotiation with such service provider or vendor unless approved by the CCO. The receipt of any gift or entertainment, and details regarding such gift or entertainment, must be reported to the CCO through MCO.

Note: customary business lunches and breakfasts, along with logoed gifts of nominal value are not subject to the reporting and / or preapproval requirements noted above.

Access Persons that are registered representatives of HFD must also comply with HFD’s Non-Cash Compensation Policies.

Acceptance of all gifts by Access Persons must be in accordance with the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc, which can be found on the Ethics and Compliance page of iConnect.

Exceptions to any of the policies provided in this Section, including entertainment provided in connection with Hartford Entities’ events, must be submitted to the CCO or designee for approval.

The policies provided in this Section do not apply to Independent Directors and Non-Management Interested Directors.

 

  C.

Transactions in Mutual Funds. When making purchases or sales of open-end funds, including Reportable Funds, Access Persons are reminded that “market timing” a Fund

 

6


 

violates our policies and that “front-running” Client transactions or trading in Reportable Funds on the basis of material, nonpublic inside or confidential information violates this Code, as described in Section 8 below, as well as other securities laws and, if proven, is punishable by fines and other penalties. Additionally, purchases and sales of Reportable Funds are subject to the reporting requirements set forth in Sections 5, 6 and 7, below.

 

  D.

Conflicts of Interest. Access Persons must provide disinterested advice and any relevant potential personal or business conflicts of interest must be disclosed to the CCO and, where appropriate, information barriers may be utilized to avoid potential conflicts of interest. Access Persons may not engage in any activity which might reflect poorly upon themselves or us or which would impair their ability to discharge their duties with respect to us and our Clients. Independent Directors and Non-Management Interested Directors are subject to their overall fiduciary duties as Fund directors.

 

  E.

Short Swing Profits. Investment Persons may not profit from the purchase and sale, or sale and purchase of a Reportable Security for his or her account within 60 calendar days without a written exemption from the CCO.

This prohibition does not apply to transactions resulting in a loss, or transactions in equity securities with a market capitalization of at least $5 billion or for transactions in ETF securities with a 3 month average daily trading volume of at least 100,000 shares.

 

  F.

Fair Treatment. Access Persons must avoid taking any action which would favor one Client or group of Clients over another in violation of our fiduciary duties and applicable law. Access Persons must comply with relevant provisions of our compliance manuals designed to detect, prevent or mitigate such conflicts. Independent Directors and Non-Management Interested Directors are subject to their overall fiduciary duties as Fund directors.

 

  G.

Service as Outside Director. Access Persons may not serve on the board of directors of a company unless such service is approved in accordance with the Code of Ethics and Business Conduct of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. Any Access Person whose service on a board of directors is so approved must also be approved by the Fund’s CCO. In the event such a request is approved, information barriers may be utilized to avoid potential conflicts of interest. This restriction shall not apply to any Independent Director or any Non-Management Interested Director.

 

  H.

Forfeitures. Any profits derived from securities transactions in violation of paragraphs 3.A, 3.C, or 3.E, above, may be forfeited and may be paid to one or more Clients for the benefit of the Client(s) or, if the Client is a Reportable Fund, its shareholders, if such a payment is determined by the CCO (or, in the case of a Reportable Fund, the Reportable Fund’s Board of Directors) to be appropriate under the circumstances, or to a charity determined by the CCO or the Board of Directors, as applicable. Gifts accepted in violation of Section 3. B. shall be forfeited, if practicable, and/or dealt with in any manner determined appropriate and in the best interests of our Clients.

 

  I.

Reporting Violations. Any Access Person or Supervised Person who believes that a violation of this Code has taken place must promptly report that violation to the CCO or to the

 

7


 

CCO’s designee. To the extent that such reports are provided to a designee, the designee shall provide periodic updates to the CCO with respect to violations reported. Access Persons and Supervised Persons may make these reports anonymously and no adverse action shall be taken against any such person making such a report in good faith.

 

  J.

Outside Business Activities. Access Persons, or other persons as designated by the CCO are required to report all Outside Business Activities within 10 days of becoming an Access Person. Outside Business Activities are defined as: 1) outside activities in which an employee receives compensation; 2) participation or membership in non-Hartford organizations including but not limited to: government, foundations, and not-for-profit organizations; (employees are not required to report non-investment-related activity that is exclusively charitable, civic, religious or fraternal and is recognized as tax exempt; however, employees must report investment-related activities performed for not-for-profit organizations as Outside Business Activities, which may require additional disclosure); 3) board members or officers of not-for-profit organizations and 4) partnership interests.

Access Persons are required to obtain pre-clearance from the CCO or designee prior to entering into or engaging in any new Outside Business Activity. Pre-clearance requests should be made through MCO.

On an annual basis, all Access Persons are required to attest that they have reported all Outside Business Activities and that there have been no material changes to their Outside Business Activities.

This policy does not apply to Independent Directors and Non-Management Interested Directors.

 

  K.

Waivers. The CCO may grant waivers of any substantive restriction in appropriate circumstances (e.g., personal hardship) and will maintain records necessary to justify such waivers.

 

4.

Personal Security Trading Pre-clearance Requirements

 

  A.

IPOs and Limited Offerings. Each Access Person shall obtain prior approval from the CCO through MCO for all purchases in IPOs and Limited Offerings. Any such approval will take into account, among other factors, whether the investment opportunity should be reserved for a Client and whether the opportunity is being offered to such person because of his or her position with a Hartford Entity. Access Persons may be required to provide to the CCO additional information, as requested.

 

  B.

Reportable Securities Transactions.

 

  (1)

Access Persons are not required to pre-clear transactions in Reportable Securities other than IPOs and Limited Offerings.

  (2)

Investment Persons shall be required to obtain prior approval through MCO for all purchases and sales in Reportable Securities. Pre-clearance is only good for the day requested.

 

8


  (3)

Investment Persons are prohibited from knowingly buying or selling the same equity security traded in a client account for a period of 15 calendar days (7 days before and 7 days after). For ETF and Closed End securities, Investment Persons are prohibited from knowingly buying or selling the same security on the same calendar day that the security is traded in a client account.

 

  C.

Pre-clearance Exceptions. Pre-clearance requirements do not apply to:

  (1)

purchases or sales effected in any account over which the Investment Person has no direct or indirect influence or control;

  (2)

purchases or sales in Hartford Mutual Funds;

  (3)

purchases or sales which are non-volitional on the part of the Investment Person; and

  (4)

purchases or sales which are part of an established automatic investment plan or DRIP.

Investment Persons should consult the CCO if there are any questions about whether the exemptions listed above applies to a given transaction.

 

  D.

Prohibition on Self Pre-clearance. No Access Person shall pre-clear his or her own trades, review his or her own reports or approve his or her own exemptions from this Code. When such actions are to be undertaken with respect to the CCO’s personal transactions, an appropriate officer of the applicable Hartford Entity will perform such actions as are required of the CCO by this Code.

 

  E.

Pre-clearance and Reporting Exceptions for Independent Directors.

  (1)

Pre-clearance. Any Independent Director is exempt from the Access Person pre-clearance requirements.

  (2)

Reporting. Independent Directors are exempt from the initial and annual holdings reports; but are not exempt from certain quarterly transaction reports. Independent Directors must submit to the CCO a quarterly transaction report acceptable to the CCO not later than thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar quarter with respect to any Reportable Securities transaction occurring in such quarter only if such person knew at the time of the transaction or, in the ordinary course of fulfilling his or her official duties as such, should have known that, during the 15-day period immediately before or after the date of the Reportable Security transaction, a Fund purchased or sold the Reportable Security, or the Adviser considered purchasing or selling the Reportable Security for a Fund.

 

5.

Initial Reporting Requirements

 

  A.

Initial Reports: Each Access Person must complete and submit to the CCO or designee attestations and reports through MCO no later than ten (10) days after becoming an Access Person.

 

  (1)

Initial Holdings Disclosure: Each Access Person must submit to the CCO or designee an initial holdings report through MCO no later than ten (10) days after becoming an Access Person as of a date not more than 45 days prior to becoming an Access Person.

 

9


Initial Holdings reports must contain the following information:

 

  a.

the title and type of security and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

  b.

the name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains a Reportable Securities Account in which any Reportable Securities are or can be held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit as of the date the Access Person became an Access Person.

  c.

the date the Access Person submits the report.

 

  (2)

Reportable Securities Account Disclosure: Each Access Person must submit to the CCO or designee a report which discloses all Reportable Securities Accounts through MCO.

 

  (3)

Reportable Securities Account Statements: Each Access Person must submit to the CCO or designee electronic copies of statements or other acceptable documentation through MCO for all Reportable Securities Accounts. Statements or other documentation should be current as of the date the holdings disclosed in the Initial Holdings Disclosure.

 

  (4)

Outside Business Activities: Each Access Person must submit to the CCO or designee a report which discloses any Outside Business Activity through MCO no later than 10 business days after being designated an Access Person.

 

  B.

Exceptions to Initial Reporting Requirements. The reporting requirements of

Section 5.A (1) apply to all holdings in Reportable Securities other than Reportable Securities holdings that are held in Managed Account. Access Persons with Managed Accounts are required to disclose the Managed Account as part of 5.A (2) and provide the Compliance Department with either a copy of the investment management agreement or a letter from the adviser confirming their discretion over the account.

 

6.

Quarterly Reporting

 

  A.

On a quarterly basis, Access Persons are required to complete a three-part attestation through MCO in compliance with the Code. All Access Persons are responsible for ensuring that all required information is disclosed as part of their quarterly attestations; mere reliance upon a data feed to MCO does not relieve you of your reporting obligations under the Code of Ethics. Reportable Securities Transaction Disclosure: Within 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each Access Person must report through MCO to the CCO all transactions in Reportable Securities. All Access Persons must submit a report each quarter, even if no reportable transaction occurred during that quarter. If no reportable transactions occurred, the Access Person should indicate this fact in the form.

Transactions reports must contain the following information:

 

10


  (1)

the date of the transaction, the title and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, interest rate and maturity date, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security involved;

  (2)

the nature of the transaction (i.e., purchase, sale or any other type of acquisition or disposition);

  (3)

the price of the security at which the transaction was effected;

  (4)

the name of the broker, dealer or bank with or through which the transaction was effected; and

  (5)

the date the Access Person submits the report.

 

  B.

Reportable Account Disclosure: Within 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each Access Person must report in MCO to the CCO all Reportable Securities Accounts held for your direct or indirect benefit.

 

  C.

Reportable Securities Account Statements: Within 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter, each Access Person must submit to MCO electronic copies of statements (or other acceptable documentation) for which an electronic feed to MCO is not available or for any new account that was set up during the reporting period, regardless of whether or not the account is set on auto feed.

To the extent that an account statement or confirmation lacks some of the information otherwise required to be reported, Access Persons may submit other documentation containing the missing information as a supplement to the statement or confirmation.

 

  D.

Exceptions to Quarterly Reporting Requirements. The reporting requirements of Section 6 apply to all transactions in Reportable Securities other than:

 

  (1)

transactions with respect to securities held in Managed Accounts and to which appropriate documentation of such account is maintained by Compliance; and

  (2)

on-going transactions effected pursuant to an Automatic Investment Plan or DRIP. The creation of a new or additional contribution to an Automatic Investment Plan or DRIP is required to be reported during the quarter.

 

7.

Annual Reporting

 

  A.

Annual Holdings Reports. Each Access Person must submit to the CCO or designee a report through MCO no later than 45 days after year-end, as of December 31st of the previous calendar year. Access Persons must disclose all holdings in Reportable Securities to the CCO through MCO. Annual Holdings reports submitted through MCO must contain the following information:

 

  (1)

the title and type of security and as applicable, the exchange ticker symbol or CUSIP number, number of shares, and principal amount of each Reportable Security in which the Access Person has any direct or indirect Beneficial Ownership;

  (2)

the name of any broker, dealer or bank with which the Access Person maintains an account in which any securities are held for the Access Person’s direct or indirect benefit; and

 

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  (3)

the date the Access Person submits the report.

 

  B.

Exceptions to Annual Holdings Report: The reporting requirements of Section 7A. apply to all holdings in Reportable Securities other than Reportable Securities holdings that are held in Managed Accounts. Access Persons with Managed Accounts are still required to disclose the Managed Account as part of the quarterly reporting requirements of 5.A (2) and to annually certify to Compliance regarding the nature of the account.

 

8.

Insider Trading

 

  A.

It is against the law and the policies of the Hartford Entities for any person subject to this Code to trade any security, either for a personal account or on behalf of a client or others, (i) while aware of material, non-public (“inside”) information relating to the security, the Funds or the issuer; and (ii) in breach of a duty of trust or confidence owed directly or indirectly to the issuer of that security or its shareholders or to any other person who is the source of the inside information. It may also be illegal, and it is a violation of policies of the Hartford Entities, to communicate inside information to someone else in breach of a duty of trust or confidence (known as “tipping”).

(1) Concepts.

a.    Material Information. Material information is information that a reasonable investor would consider important in making his or her investment decision about an issuer or a security. Generally, this is information the disclosure of which would have an effect on the price of the securities. Examples of material information include revisions to previously published earnings estimates, merger or other significant transaction proposals, significant new products or technological discoveries, litigation, extraordinary turnover in management, impending financial or liquidity problems, significant orders to buy or sell securities, information about a fund’s portfolio, propriety or fiduciary trading positions or strategies, and pending transactions. Prepublication information regarding reports in the financial press may be material. Other types of information may also be material; no complete list can be given.

b.    Non-Public Information. Information is “non-public” or “inside information” until it has been made available to the public generally, e.g., through the Dow Jones tape, the wire services or other media, or a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filing, and the market has had time to digest it. The amount of time required depends on the amount of attention paid to the issuer in the markets, varying from a few hours for the largest companies to several days in the case of thinly traded issues

c.    “Duty of Trust or Confidence”. In addition to the sort of “insider” relationships – such as acting as a director of or adviser to the issuer – that impose this obligation, a “duty of trust or confidence” also exists in other circumstances such as the following: (i) whenever a person agrees to maintain information in confidence; (ii) whenever one enters into a relationship the nature of which implies a duty to maintain the information in confidence; and (iii) whenever the person communicating the inside information and the person to whom it is communicated have a practice of sharing confidences, such that the recipient of the information knows or reasonably should know that the person communicating the inside information expects that

 

12


the recipient will maintain its confidentiality. This may apply to family relationships as well as business relationships. Ordinary research contacts by personnel of the Hartford Entities not involving the factors described above or other special circumstances should not result in a duty of trust or confidence. However, difficult legal issues may arise when, in the course of these contacts, personnel of the Hartford Entities become aware of material, nonpublic information. This could happen, for example, if an issuer’s chief financial officer prematurely discloses quarterly results to an analyst or an investor relations representative makes a selective disclosure of adverse news to a handful of investors. In any case where you believe you have learned material inside information, you should promptly consult the CCO about your obligations.

 

  (2)

Tender Offers. Information about a pending tender offer raises particular concerns, in part because such activity often produces extraordinary movements in the target company’s securities and in part because an SEC rule expressly prohibits trading and “tipping” while in possession of material, nonpublic information regarding a tender offer.

 

  (3)

Penalties. Insider trading or improperly communicating inside information to others may result in severe penalties, including large personal fines and/or imprisonment. In addition such actions may expose the Hartford Entities and the respective person’s supervisor(s) to fines as well as serious legal and regulatory sanctions. The Hartford Entities view seriously any violation of these prohibitions and would consider a violation, or a credible allegation of a violation, to be grounds for disciplinary action, up to and including termination of employment.

 

  (4)

Judgments and Concerns about Inside Information. Judgments in this area tend to be made with hindsight. It is particularly unwise to make them on your own, without the input of a disinterested person. Anyone who is unsure whether the insider trading prohibitions apply to a particular situation should: (i) report the circumstances immediately to the CCO; (ii) refrain from any trading activity in the respective security on behalf of clients or personally; and (iii) not communicate the inside information to anyone inside or outside of the relevant Hartford Entity with the exception of the CCO.

 

9.

Code Notification and Access Person Certifications

The CCO shall provide notice to all Access Persons of their status under this Code, and shall deliver a copy of the Code to each Access Person annually. Additionally, each Access Person will be provided a copy of any Code amendments. After reading the Code or amendment, each Access Person shall certify that they have received the Code of Ethics through MCO within forty five (45) days after the end of each calendar year. To the extent that any Code-related training sessions or seminars are held, the CCO or designee shall keep records of such sessions and the Access Persons attending.

 

10.

Review of Required Code Reports

 

13


  A.

Reports required to be submitted pursuant to the Code will be reviewed by the CCO or a designee on a periodic basis. The CCO or designee will initial and date the relevant Report or perform a representative action in the case of electronic submissions to evidence the review.

 

  B.

Any material violation or potential material violation of the Code must be promptly reported to the CCO or designee. The CCO will investigate any such violation or potential violation and report violations the CCO determines to be material to the Adviser’s CEO and/or a Fund’s Board of Directors (each a “Board”), as appropriate, with a recommendation of such action to be taken against any individual who is determined to have violated the Code, as is necessary and appropriate to cure the violation and prevent future violations. Other violations shall be handled by the CCO in a manner he or she deems to be appropriate.

 

  C.

The CCO will keep a written record of all investigations in connection with any Code violations including any action taken as a result of the violation.

 

  D.

Sanctions for violations of the Code may include: verbal or written warnings and censures, monetary sanctions, disgorgement or dismissal. Where a particular Client has been harmed by the violative action, disgorgement may be paid directly to the Client; otherwise, monetary sanctions shall be paid to an appropriate charity determined by the CCO. Attached as Exhibit A the disciplinary policy.

 

11.

Reports to the Board

No less frequently than annually, the Fund CCO shall submit to each Board a written report on behalf of the Funds and Adviser (a) describing any issues arising under the Code relating to the particular Fund and Adviser since the last report to the Board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of or waivers from the Code and any sanctions imposed in response to material violations, and (b) certifying that the Code contains procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating it. The Board shall review the Code and the operation of these policies at least once a year.

In addition, no less frequently than annually, the Fund CCO shall cause each sub-adviser that provides services to the Funds to submit to the Funds’ Board a written report (a) describing any issues arising under the sub-adviser’s code of ethics (as approved by the Funds’ Board of Directors) since the last report to the Board, including, but not limited to, information about material violations of or waivers from the code and any sanctions imposed in response to material violations, and (b) certifying that the sub-adviser has adopted procedures reasonably necessary to prevent Access Persons from violating it.

 

12.

Recordkeeping and Review

This Code, any written prior approval for an IPO or Limited Offering transaction given pursuant to Section 4.A. of the Code, a copy of each report and certification by an Access Person, a record of any violation of the Code and any action taken as a result of the violation, any written report hereunder by the CCO, and lists of all persons required to make and/or review reports under the Code shall be preserved with the applicable Hartford Entity’s records, as appropriate, for the

 

14


periods and in the manner required by Rules 17j-1 and 204A-1. To the extent appropriate and permissible, the CCO may choose to keep such records electronically.

The CCO shall review this Code and its operation annually and may determine to make amendments to the Code as a result of that review.

Last Approved: June 15, 2017, November 3, 2016, August 2, 2016, May 5, 2015, April 21, 2014, January 1, 2013, November 8, 2012

 

15


EXHIBIT A

The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc.

The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc.

Hartford Series Fund, Inc.

Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc. Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust

Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund

Lattice Strategies Trust

(each of the above is referred to as a “Fund,” together, the “Funds”)

Hartford Funds Management Company, LLC (“HFMC”)

Lattice Strategies LLC (“Lattice”)

(each of the above is referred to as an “Adviser”, together the “Advisers,”)

Hartford Funds Distributors, LLC (“HFD”)

Harford Funds takes violations of its Code of Ethics (including violations of the spirit of the Code) seriously. If an Access Person violates either the letter or the spirit of the Code, Hartford Funds may impose disciplinary actions such as verbal and written warnings, official written records maintained in the associate’s employment file, forfeiture of profits and any other discipline determined appropriate, up to, and including, termination of employment. Access Persons should always consult with the Chief Compliance Officer or an appropriate designee if there is any doubt on the requirements or restrictions in the Code.

Each violation and the circumstances surrounding the violation will be reviewed by a member of Compliance to determine whether the policies established in this Code have been violated, and what sanctions and/or penalties should be imposed. The Chief Compliance Officer has full authority to determine and impose a sanction upon any Access Person who has violated the Code or the spirit of the Code. A member of Compliance will notify an employee of any discrepancy between their personal activities and the rules outlined in the Code.

Sanctions and penalties for personal activities not specifically listed in the table below will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis. Failure to promptly abide by a directive; to reverse a trade; or forfeit profits may result in the imposition of additional sanctions. Forfeiture of profits are to be paid by check to an approved charity with evidence of payment provided to Compliance.

 

Violation    Offense   

Potential Sanction (actual sanction may be more or
less severe than outlined below based upon discretion
of the CCO)

Late or Incomplete Reporting or

Certification

  

First

  

Written Warning

    

Second

  

Written Warning + Verbal Counseling

 

 

    

Third

  

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

    

Subsequent

  

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

 

16


Failure to Pre-clear4

  

First

  

Written Warning

 

 

    

Second

  

Written Warning + Verbal Counseling

 

 

    

Third

  

Forfeiture of profits

 

 

    

Subsequent

  

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

Less than 60 Day Holding Period

  

First

  

Written Warning

 

 

    

Second

  

Written Warning + Verbal Counseling

 

 

    

Third

  

Forfeiture of profits

 

 

    

Subsequent

  

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

Failure to Report Accounts /
Transactions / Holdings

       

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

Other Code of Ethics Violations

       

As determined by Chief Compliance Officer

 

 

 

4 For purposes of this sanction, a material violation is only deemed to have occurred if a trade was executed without preclearance and would have been denied by Compliance.

 

17

THE HARTFORD MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.

THE HARTFORD MUTUAL FUNDS II, INC.

HARTFORD SERIES FUND, INC.

HARTFORD HLS SERIES FUND II, INC.

  

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

HARTFORD SCHRODERS OPPORTUNISTIC INCOME FUND

LIMITED POWER OF ATTORNEY

November 2, 2020

Each of the undersigned persons do hereby constitute and appoint as their attorney-in-fact and agent Walter F. Garger, Thomas R. Phillips, and Alice A. Pellegrino and each of them, with full power to act without the other, as the true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full and several power of substitution, of such undersigned person with authority to take any appropriate action to execute in the name of and on behalf of such undersigned person, and to file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), registration statements on Form N-1A, Form N-2 or Form N-14, and any amendments thereto (including without limitation pre- and post-effective amendments), all applications for exemptive relief from state or federal regulations, and any and all amendments thereto, and to perform any and all such acts as such attorney-in-fact may deem necessary or advisable to enable the above-referenced investment companies that are registered with the Commission (the “Registrants”) to comply with the applicable laws of the United States, any individual state or similar jurisdiction of the United States, and in connection therewith to execute and file all requisite papers and documents; granting to such attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully as the relevant Registrant and undersigned person might or could do herself, himself or itself or in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that such attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each of the undersigned have executed this Power of Attorney in the capacity indicated to be effective as of the date first written above.

   
/s/ James E. Davey     
James E. Davey    Director/Trustee, President and Chief Executive Officer
   
/s/ Amy N. Furlong     
Amy N. Furlong    Treasurer (Principal Financial and Principal Accounting Officer)
   
/s/ Lynn S. Birdsong     
Lynn S. Birdsong    Chairman of the Board, Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Hilary E. Ackermann     
Hilary E. Ackermann    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Robin C. Beery     
Robin C. Beery    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Derrick D. Cephas     
Derrick D. Cephas    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Christine R. Detrick     
Christine R. Detrick    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Duane E. Hill     
Duane E. Hill    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Andrew A. Johnson, Jr.     
Andrew A. Johnson, Jr.    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Paul L. Rosenberg     
Paul L. Rosenberg    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ Lemma W. Senbet     
Lemma W. Senbet    Director/Trustee
   
/s/ David Sung     
David Sung    Director/Trustee


THE HARTFORD MUTUAL FUNDS, INC.

THE HARTFORD MUTUAL FUNDS II, INC.

HARTFORD SERIES FUND, INC.

HARTFORD HLS SERIES FUND II, INC.

  

HARTFORD FUNDS EXCHANGE-TRADED TRUST

LATTICE STRATEGIES TRUST

HARTFORD SCHRODERS OPPORTUNISTIC INCOME FUND

RESOLUTION APPROVING THE POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each of the Boards of Directors/Trustees of the above-referenced registrants approved the Power of Attorney, dated November 2, 2020, by adopting the following resolution

RESOLVED, that the Power of Attorney, in substantially the form presented at this meeting, appointing Walter F. Garger, Thomas R. Phillips, and Alice A. Pellegrino, each with full power to act alone, as attorneys-in-fact and agents for each member of the Boards of Directors/Trustees of The Hartford Mutual Funds, Inc., The Hartford Mutual Funds II, Inc., Hartford Series Fund, Inc., Hartford HLS Series Fund II, Inc., Hartford Funds Exchange-Traded Trust, Hartford Schroders Opportunistic Income Fund, and Lattice Strategies Trust (each, a “Registrant”) and for each Registrant’s principal executive officer, and principal financial officer (including any appointed comptroller or principal accounting officer, if any) for the purpose of executing and filing for and on behalf of, each Registrant, including each member of the Registrant’s Board of Directors/Trustees and the Registrant’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer, all requisite documents with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and the offices of the securities administrators of the states and similar jurisdictions of the United States be, and herby is, approved; and it is

FURTHER RESOLVED, that the above-referenced persons appointed as attorneys-in-fact be, and they hereby are, authorized and empowered to take such action as is necessary to carry out the intent of the foregoing resolution, including, but not limited to, executing any required documents on behalf of each Registrant, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, and each member of the Registrant’s Board of Directors/Trustees.