UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 6-K

 

 

Report of Foreign Private Issuer

Pursuant to Rule 13a-16 or 15d-16 under

the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the month of February, 2021

Commission File Number: 1-14678

 

 

CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

 

 

Commerce Court

Toronto, Ontario

Canada M5L 1A2

(Address of principal executive offices)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant files or will file annual reports under cover of Form 20-F or Form 40-F:

Form 20-F  ☐                Form 40-F  ☒

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(1):  ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is submitting the Form 6-K in paper as permitted by Regulation S-T Rule 101(b)(7):  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant by furnishing the information contained in this Form is also thereby furnishing the information to the Commission pursuant to Rule 12g 3-2(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934:

Yes  ☐                No  ☒

If yes is marked, indicate below the file number assigned to the registrant in connection with Rule 12g 3-2(b):                                       

 

 

 


The information contained in this report under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis” on pages 1-37 and “Interim Consolidated Financial Statements”, including the notes thereto on pages 38-60, is incorporated by reference into Registration Statements on Form S-8 File Nos. 333-09874, 333-130283 and 333-218913, Form F-10 File No. 333-232417 and Form F-3 File Nos. 333-219550, 333-220284 and 333-233663.


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereto duly authorized.

 

    CANADIAN IMPERIAL BANK OF COMMERCE
February 25, 2021             By:   /s/ Allison Mudge
            Name:   Allison Mudge
            Title:   Senior Vice-President


EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

  

Description of Exhibit

99.1    Report to Shareholders for the First Quarter, 2021
101    Interactive Data File
Table of Contents

Exhibit 99.1

 

LOGO

 

 

Report to Shareholders for the First Quarter, 2021

www.cibc.com    February 25, 2021

 

Report of the President and Chief Executive Officer

Overview of results

CIBC today announced its financial results for the first quarter ended January 31, 2021.

First quarter highlights

 

          Q1/21             Q1/20             Q4/20             YoY Variance             QoQ Variance     

Reported Net Income

      $1,625 million           $1,212 million           $1,016 million           +34%           +60%    

Adjusted Net Income (1)

      $1,640 million           $1,483 million           $1,280 million           +11%           +28%    

Reported Diluted Earnings Per Share (EPS)

      $3.55           $2.63           $2.20           +35%           +61%    

Adjusted Diluted EPS (1)

      $3.58           $3.24           $2.79           +10%           +28%    

Reported Return on Common Shareholders’ Equity (ROE)

      17.0%           13.1%           10.7%                  

Adjusted ROE (1)

      17.2%           16.1%           13.5%                  

Common Equity Tier 1 Ratio

      12.3%           11.3%           12.1%                            

Results for the first quarter of 2021 were affected by the following item of note aggregating to a negative impact of $0.03 per share:

 

$20 million ($15 million after-tax) amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets.

Our Common Equity Tier 1 ratio was 12.3% at January 31, 2021 compared with 12.1% at the end of the prior quarter. CIBC’s leverage ratio at January 31, 2021 was 4.7%.

In the first quarter of 2021, we delivered strong financial performance and continued to execute on our client-focused strategy. We made progress on revitalizing our Canadian consumer franchise, furthered the transformation of our bank through technology and innovation, and built on our momentum in areas of our business where we have advantages in the market. Our continued investments position us well to further advance our strategy in 2021, and our strong capital position enables us to support our client-focused growth plans, as we navigate changing market conditions related to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Core business performance

Canadian Personal and Business Banking reported net income of $652 million for the first quarter, up $77 million or 13% from the first quarter a year ago mainly due to lower provisions for credit losses, partially offset by lower revenue, with expenses comparable to the prior year. Pre-provision, pre-tax earnings(1) were down $54 million or 5% from a year ago. Revenue was down from the prior year as volume growth was more than offset by narrower margins as a result of changes in the interest rate environment and lower fees due to continued lower client transaction activity resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management reported net income of $354 million for the first quarter, up $18 million or 5% from the first quarter a year ago, primarily due to revenue growth in wealth management. Pre-provision, pre-tax earnings(1) were up $22 million or 4% compared with the first quarter a year ago. Higher fee revenue and strong deposit volume growth in commercial banking was partially offset by lower margins reflecting the current interest rate environment. Wealth management benefited from significant growth in asset balances driven by market appreciation and strong mutual fund sales. Higher expenses were primarily driven by revenue-based variable compensation reflecting favourable business results.

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management reported net income of $188 million for the first quarter, up $23 million or 14% from the first quarter a year ago. Excluding items of note, adjusted net income(1) was $200 million, up $19 million or 10% from the first quarter a year ago, due to higher revenue and lower expenses, partially offset by higher provision for credit losses. Pre-provision, pre-tax earnings(1) were up $73 million or 32% from the first quarter a year ago. Higher revenue was primarily driven by volume growth, increased asset management fees, and syndication activity, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange translation. Lower non-interest expenses reflect lower business development costs due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Capital Markets reported net income of $493 million for the first quarter, up $115 million or 30% from the first quarter a year ago, primarily due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher performance-based compensation and a higher provision for credit losses. Pre-provision, pre-tax earnings(1) were up 27% from a year ago, driven by higher revenue across fixed income, equity derivatives and foreign exchange trading and corporate banking and underwriting revenue, partially offset by lower advisory revenue and higher non-interest expenses.

 

(1)

For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section. Pre-provision, pre-tax earnings is revenue net of non-interest expenses and is a non-GAAP measure.

 

 


Table of Contents

Making a difference in our communities

At CIBC, we invest our time and resources in removing barriers to personal ambitions and demonstrate that when we come together, positive change happens that helps our communities and businesses thrive. This quarter we further strengthened our communities through:

 

$5.6 million raised for children’s charities around the world through our first-ever virtual CIBC Miracle Day event, bringing our fundraising total to over $260 million since 1984;

 

$400,000 raised by Team CIBC during Movember Foundation’s annual fundraising drive, demonstrating our continued commitment to cancer research. Team CIBC was the #2 fundraising organization in the world and the top fundraising team in Canada – including having the top female fundraiser;

 

Announced the MaRS-CIBC Inclusive Design Challenge, supporting Canadians who live with disability through a series of innovation challenges that help to remove barriers to employment; and

 

Volunteers from CIBC Bank USA connected with students in kindergarten to grade 8 virtually, to help them learn about financial concepts using the Money Savvy Kids curriculum, and team members from our Credit Training Program worked virtually with students in the Network for Teaching Entrepreneurship program.

Victor G. Dodig

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

ii   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

Enhanced Disclosure Task Force

The Enhanced Disclosure Task Force (EDTF), established by the Financial Stability Board, released its report “Enhancing the Risk Disclosures of Banks” in 2012, which included thirty-two disclosure recommendations. The index below provides the listing of these disclosures, along with their locations. EDTF disclosures are located in our 2020 Annual Report, quarterly Report to Shareholders, and supplementary packages, which may be found on our website (www.cibc.com). No information on CIBC’s website, including the supplementary packages, should be considered incorporated herein by reference.

 

                 First quarter, 2021         
Topics   Recommendations     Disclosures  

Management’s

discussion

and analysis

 

Consolidated
financial

statements

   

Pillar 3 report
and

Supplementary

regulatory

capital

disclosure

   

2020

Annual

Report

 
                 Page references  
General     1     Index of risk information – current page            
         
      2     Risk terminology and measures (1)           69–70      
         
      3     Top and emerging risks   18         50  
         
      4    

Key future regulatory ratio

requirements

  15, 31, 32     57       9, 16      

36, 39, 76, 78,

166

 

 

Risk governance, risk management and business model

 

    5     Risk management structure             44, 45  
    6     Risk culture and appetite             43, 46, 47  
    7     Risks arising from business activities   21         48, 53  
    8     Bank-wide stress testing   24                    

 

31, 49, 57

71, 74

 

 

 

 

Capital adequacy and risk-weighted assets     9     Minimum capital requirements   14     57         31, 166  
    10     Components of capital and reconciliation to the consolidated regulatory balance sheet           8–11       36  
    11     Regulatory capital flow statement           12       37  
    12     Capital management and planning             39, 166  
    13     Business activities and risk-weighted assets   21       4       38, 53  
    14     Risk-weighted assets and capital requirements           4       33, 38  
    15     Credit risk by major portfolios           27–36       56–61  
    16     Risk-weighted assets flow statement           4, 5       38  
         
      17     Back-testing of models                 67, 68       48, 57, 70  
Liquidity     18     Liquid assets   30                     75  
Funding     19     Encumbered assets   31         75  
         
      20     Contractual maturities of assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet instruments   35         79  
         
      21     Funding strategy and sources   33                     77  
Market risk     22     Reconciliation of trading and non-trading portfolios to the consolidated balance sheet   27         69  
         
      23     Significant trading and non-trading market risk factors   28–29         69–73  
         
      24     Model assumptions, limitations and validation procedures             69–73  
         
      25     Stress testing and scenario analysis                         31, 71  
Credit risk     26     Analysis of credit risk exposures   22–26       6–7, 63–66      

58–67,

138–145, 186

 

 

         
      27     Impaired loan and forbearance policies   22, 25         55, 65, 85, 116  
         
      28     Reconciliation of impaired loans and the allowance for credit losses   25     51         65, 139  
         
      29     Counterparty credit risk arising from derivatives   24       66, 35 (2)      

55, 59,

156–157

 

 

         
      30     Credit risk mitigation   22             20, 51, 66      

55, 61,

156–157

 

 

Other risks     31     Other risks   36         80–82  
         
      32     Discussion of publicly known risk events         59               80, 179  
(1)

A detailed glossary of our risk and capital terminology is included on page 198 to 202 of our 2020 Annual Report.

(2)

Included in our supplementary financial information package.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     iii  


Table of Contents

Management’s discussion and analysis

 

Management’s discussion and analysis (MD&A) is provided to enable readers to assess CIBC’s financial condition and results of operations as at and for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 compared with corresponding periods. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with our 2020 Annual Report and the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements included in this report. Unless otherwise indicated, all financial information in this MD&A has been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS or GAAP) and all amounts are expressed in Canadian dollars. Certain disclosures in the MD&A have been shaded as they form an integral part of the interim consolidated financial statements. The MD&A is current as of February 24, 2021. Additional information relating to CIBC is available on SEDAR at www.sedar.com and on the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s (SEC) website at www.sec.gov. No information on CIBC’s website (www.cibc.com) should be considered incorporated herein by reference. A glossary of terms used throughout this quarterly report can be found on pages 196 to 202 of our 2020 Annual Report.

Contents

 

  2    First quarter financial highlights
    
  3    External reporting changes
    
  3    Financial performance overview
  3    Economic outlook
  4    Significant events
  4    Financial results review
  5    Review of quarterly financial information
    
  6    Non-GAAP measures
    
  8    Strategic business units overview
  8    Canadian Personal and Business Banking
  9    Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management
  10    U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management
  11    Capital Markets
  12    Corporate and Other
    
  13    Financial condition
  13    Review of condensed consolidated balance sheet
  14    Capital management
  17    Global systemically important banks – public disclosure requirements
  17    Off-balance sheet arrangements
    
  18    Management of risk
  18    Risk overview
  18    Top and emerging risks
  22    Credit risk
  27    Market risk
  30    Liquidity risk
  36    Other risks
    
  36    Accounting and control matters
  36    Critical accounting policies and estimates
  36    Accounting developments
  36    Other regulatory developments
  37    Controls and procedures
  37    Related-party transactions
 

 

A NOTE ABOUT FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS: From time to time, we make written or oral forward-looking statements within the meaning of certain securities laws, including in this report, in other filings with Canadian securities regulators or the SEC and in other communications. All such statements are made pursuant to the “safe harbour” provisions of, and are intended to be forward-looking statements under applicable Canadian and U.S. securities legislation, including the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements made in the “Financial performance overview – Economic outlook”, “Financial performance overview – Significant events”, “Financial performance overview – Financial results review”, “Financial performance overview – Review of quarterly financial information”, “Financial condition – Capital management”, “Management of risk – Risk overview”, “Management of risk – Top and emerging risks”, “Management of risk – Credit risk”, “Management of risk – Market risk”, “Management of risk – Liquidity risk”, “Accounting and control matters – Critical accounting policies and estimates”, “Accounting and control matters – Accounting developments”, and “Accounting and control matters – Other regulatory developments” sections of this report and other statements about our operations, business lines, financial condition, risk management, priorities, targets, ongoing objectives, strategies, the regulatory environment in which we operate and outlook for calendar year 2021 and subsequent periods. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by the words “believe”, “expect”, “anticipate”, “intend”, “estimate”, “forecast”, “target”, “objective” and other similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will”, “should”, “would” and “could”. By their nature, these statements require us to make assumptions, including the economic assumptions set out in the “Financial performance overview – Economic outlook” section of this report, and are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties that may be general or specific. Given the continuing impact of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on the global economy, financial markets, and our business, results of operations, reputation and financial condition and continued pressure on oil prices, there is inherently more uncertainty associated with our assumptions as compared to prior periods. A variety of factors, many of which are beyond our control, affect our operations, performance and results, and could cause actual results to differ materially from the expectations expressed in any of our forward-looking statements. These factors include: the occurrence, continuance or intensification of public health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and any related government policies and actions; credit, market, liquidity, strategic, insurance, operational, reputation, conduct and legal, regulatory and environmental risk; currency value and interest rate fluctuations, including as a result of market and oil price volatility; the effectiveness and adequacy of our risk management and valuation models and processes; legislative or regulatory developments in the jurisdictions where we operate, including the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Common Reporting Standard, and regulatory reforms in the United Kingdom and Europe, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s global standards for capital and liquidity reform, and those relating to bank recapitalization legislation and the payments system in Canada; amendments to, and interpretations of, risk-based capital guidelines and reporting instructions, and interest rate and liquidity regulatory guidance; the resolution of legal and regulatory proceedings and related matters; the effect of changes to accounting standards, rules and interpretations; changes in our estimates of reserves and allowances; changes in tax laws; changes to our credit ratings; political conditions and developments, including changes relating to economic or trade matters; the possible effect on our business of international conflicts and terrorism; natural disasters, disruptions to public infrastructure and other catastrophic events; reliance on third parties to provide components of our business infrastructure; potential disruptions to our information technology systems and services; increasing cyber security risks which may include theft or disclosure of assets, unauthorized access to sensitive information, or operational disruption; social media risk; losses incurred as a result of internal or external fraud; anti-money laundering; the accuracy and completeness of information provided to us concerning clients and counterparties; the failure of third parties to comply with their obligations to us and our affiliates or associates; intensifying competition from established competitors and new entrants in the financial services industry including through internet and mobile banking; technological change; global capital market activity; changes in monetary and economic policy; general business and economic conditions worldwide, as well as in Canada, the U.S. and other countries where we have operations, including increasing Canadian household debt levels and global credit risks; our success in developing and introducing new products and services, expanding existing distribution channels, developing new distribution channels and realizing increased revenue from these channels; changes in client spending and saving habits; our ability to attract and retain key employees and executives; our ability to successfully execute our strategies and complete and integrate acquisitions and joint ventures; the risk that expected benefits of an acquisition, merger or divestiture will not be realized within the expected time frame or at all; and our ability to anticipate and manage the risks associated with these factors. This list is not exhaustive of the factors that may affect any of our forward-looking statements. These and other factors should be considered carefully and readers should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements contained in this report represent the views of management only as of the date hereof and are presented for the purpose of assisting our shareholders and financial analysts in understanding our financial position, objectives and priorities and anticipated financial performance as at and for the periods ended on the dates presented, and may not be appropriate for other purposes. We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that is contained in this report or in other communications except as required by law.

 

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     1  


Table of Contents

First quarter financial highlights

 

Unaudited, as at or for the three months ended       

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Financial results ($ millions)

       

Net interest income

    $ 2,839     $ 2,792     $ 2,761  

Non-interest income

        2,124       1,808       2,094  

Total revenue

      4,963       4,600       4,855  

Provision for credit losses

      147       291       261  

Non-interest expenses

        2,726       2,891       3,065  

Income before income taxes

      2,090       1,418       1,529  

Income taxes

        465       402       317  

Net income

      $ 1,625     $ 1,016     $ 1,212  

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

      $ 4     $ 1     $ 7  

Preferred shareholders

      30       30       31  

Common shareholders

        1,591       985       1,174  

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

      $ 1,621     $ 1,015     $ 1,205  

Financial measures

       

Reported efficiency ratio

      54.9  %      62.9  %      63.1  % 

Operating leverage

      13.3  %      (5.5 )%      (4.7 )% 

Loan loss ratio (1)

      0.22  %      0.17  %      0.24  % 

Reported return on common shareholders’ equity (2)

      17.0  %      10.7  %      13.1  % 

Net interest margin

      1.41  %      1.43  %      1.62  % 

Net interest margin on average interest-earning assets (3)

      1.58  %      1.60  %      1.80  % 

Return on average assets (4)

      0.81  %      0.52  %      0.71  % 

Return on average interest-earning assets (3)(4)

      0.91  %      0.58  %      0.79  % 

Reported effective tax rate

        22.2  %      28.3  %      20.7  % 

Common share information

       

Per share ($)

  

– basic earnings

    $ 3.56     $ 2.21     $ 2.64  
  

– reported diluted earnings

      3.55       2.20       2.63  
  

– dividends

      1.46       1.46       1.44  
  

– book value

      85.24       84.05       81.38  

Closing share price ($)

         108.98       99.38       107.92  

Shares outstanding (thousands)

  

– weighted-average basic

      447,281       446,321       445,248  
  

– weighted-average diluted

      447,929       446,877       446,031  
  

– end of period

      447,850       447,085       444,982  

Market capitalization ($ millions)

      $ 48,807     $ 44,431     $ 48,022  

Value measures

       

Total shareholder return

      11.11  %      8.74  %      (2.64 )% 

Dividend yield (based on closing share price)

      5.3  %      5.8  %      5.3  % 

Reported dividend payout ratio

      41.1  %      66.2  %      54.6  % 

Market value to book value ratio

        1.28       1.18       1.33  

Selected financial measures – adjusted (5)

       

Adjusted efficiency ratio (6)

      53.9  %      56.4  %      55.0  % 

Adjusted operating leverage

      2.0  %      (0.7 )%      (1.1 )% 

Adjusted return on common shareholders’ equity (2)

      17.2  %      13.5  %      16.1  % 

Adjusted effective tax rate

      22.3  %      24.5  %      21.7  % 

Adjusted diluted earnings per share

    $ 3.58     $ 2.79     $ 3.24  

Adjusted dividend payout ratio

        40.7  %      52.2  %      44.3  % 

On- and off-balance sheet information ($ millions)

       

Cash, deposits with banks and securities

    $ 213,786     $ 211,564     $ 150,080  

Loans and acceptances, net of allowance

      420,975       416,388       402,453  

Total assets

      782,908       769,551       672,118  

Deposits

      573,927       570,740       497,899  

Common shareholders’ equity

      38,177       37,579       36,214  

Average assets

      799,948       778,933       679,531  

Average interest-earning assets (3)

      711,470       692,465       609,839  

Average common shareholders’ equity

      37,067       36,762       35,671  

Assets under administration (AUA) (7)(8)

          2,526,719           2,368,904           2,546,678  

Assets under management (AUM) (8)

        288,505       265,936       263,592  

Balance sheet quality and liquidity measures

       

Risk-weighted assets (RWA) ($ millions)

    $ 256,119     $ 254,871     $ 252,099  

Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio (9)

      12.3  %      12.1  %      11.3  % 

Tier 1 capital ratio (9)

      13.8  %      13.6  %      12.5  % 

Total capital ratio (9)

      15.8  %      16.1  %      14.5  % 

Leverage ratio

      4.7  %      4.7  %      4.3  % 

Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR)

        142  %      145  %      125  % 

Other information

       

Full-time equivalent employees

        43,890       43,853       45,083  

 

(1)

The ratio is calculated as the provision for credit losses on impaired loans to average loans and acceptances, net of allowance for credit losses.

(2)

Annualized.

(3)

Average interest-earning assets include interest-bearing deposits with banks, interest-bearing demand deposits with Bank of Canada, securities, cash collateral on securities borrowed, securities purchased under resale agreements, loans net of allowances, and certain sublease-related assets.

(4)

Net income expressed as a percentage of average assets or average interest-earning assets.

(5)

Adjusted measures are non-GAAP measures. Adjusted measures are calculated in the same manner as reported measures, except that financial information included in the calculation of adjusted measures is adjusted to exclude the impact of items of note. For additional information and a reconciliation of reported results to adjusted results, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

(6)

Calculated on a tax equivalent basis (TEB).

(7)

Includes the full contract amount of AUA or custody under a 50/50 joint venture between CIBC and The Bank of New York Mellon of $1,977.7 billion (October 31, 2020: $1,861.5 billion; January 31, 2020: $2,032.2 billion).

(8)

AUM amounts are included in the amounts reported under AUA.

(9)

Effective beginning in the second quarter of 2020, ratios reflect the expected credit loss (ECL) transitional arrangement announced by OSFI on March 27, 2020.

 

2   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

External reporting changes

Changes made to our business segments

The following external reporting changes were made in the first quarter of 2021:

 

Simplii Financial and CIBC Investor’s Edge, previously reported in Canadian Personal and Business Banking, are now part of the newly-created Direct Financial Services line of business in Capital Markets, along with certain other direct payment services that were previously in Capital Markets. This change was made to align with the mandates of the relevant strategic business units (SBUs).

 

The financial results associated with U.S. treasury activities in U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management are now included within Treasury in Corporate and Other. In addition, the transfer pricing methodology between U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management and Treasury in Corporate and Other has been enhanced. Both changes align the treatment of U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management with our other SBUs, and allow for better management of interest rate and liquidity risks.

Prior period amounts have been revised accordingly. The changes impacted the results of our SBUs and how we measure the performance of our SBUs. There was no impact on our consolidated financial results from these changes.

Financial performance overview

Economic outlook

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant adverse impact on the near-term economic outlook for the global economy. Restrictions imposed by governments around the world to limit the impact of the infection, such as travel restrictions, physical distancing measures, and the closure of certain businesses, continue to disrupt the global economy, and will limit the scope of the recovery until an effective mass-produced vaccine is in place. While vaccination of targeted groups has commenced across much of the world, uncertainty remains about how quickly a large enough majority of the population can be effectively immunized to reduce subsequent rates of infection, including in response to emerging variants of the virus. Our outlook assumes that effective mass vaccinations will be underway in many countries over the spring and summer and that the vaccination programs will be able to effectively respond to the emerging variants, allowing for stronger global recovery in the latter half of the year. Until then, we assume that temporary restraints on activity in response to the current wave of infections and the new variants will be in place to varying degrees across our target markets. Growth will continue in sectors less impacted by physical distancing measures, but other sectors will experience periods of disruption when regulations are tightened in response to new waves and strains of the virus. We generally expect to see stronger performance in the goods sector of the economy, but continued slack in the services sector. Constrained global activity and its implications on demand for fuel will also delay a further recovery in crude oil prices through the first half of 2021.

In Canada, after a drop of approximately 5.5% in 2020, real gross domestic product (GDP) is expected to advance by about 4% in 2021, with a decline in the first quarter followed by robust growth further into the year. We expect that this will still leave the unemployment rate averaging near 8%, well above full-employment levels. Both businesses and households will benefit from substantial government fiscal support through at least the first half of the year, which will reduce the impact of slower economic growth on insolvencies, business and household credit growth and retail transaction volumes relative to what would have occurred absent these measures. Government bond issuance will remain elevated to cover the resulting federal and provincial deficits. The Bank of Canada will maintain short-term interest rates at their current levels through 2021, although longer-term rates will drift higher as economic growth accelerates, and the central bank eases up on its asset purchase program.

In the U.S., real GDP is expected to grow by nearly 5% in 2021, after declining by almost 3.5% in the prior year, with better gains expected in the latter half of 2021. Our outlook assumes that the federal government will add to the stimulus already enacted in December to provide enhanced support for households and businesses impacted by the pandemic, reducing its impact on insolvencies, but the scale of that further stimulus is at this point uncertain. Unemployment will average approximately 6% in 2021, well above full-employment levels. In response, we expect that the Federal Reserve will maintain near-zero short-term interest rates and continue to engage in asset purchases to slow the climb in long-term rates.

The economic challenges from the COVID-19 pandemic impact all our SBUs. From a credit perspective, while our outlook has improved as a result of better-than-expected growth over the past quarter, we continue to expect that our loan portfolios will be negatively impacted by the constrained economic activity associated with measures taken to contain the spread of infection, mitigated to an extent by large-scale government support programs targeting both individuals and businesses. Deposit growth is likely to decelerate as businesses draw down on liquidity raised earlier in the pandemic, and as households spend a greater portion of their income as economic growth accelerates. The persistent low interest environment is expected to continue to have a negative impact on the net interest margins for all our SBUs.

For Canadian Personal and Business Banking, mortgage demand growth could decelerate, but will continue to remain well supported by low rates, while we expect to see a modest return to growth in non-mortgage credit demand as pandemic-related constraints begin to ease. Continued demand for business lending products is anticipated as small businesses look to weather the impact of the economic slowdown.

Our Canadian and U.S. wealth management businesses are expected to benefit from a further economic recovery, with investors looking for alternatives to low rates on savings deposits.

Our Capital Markets business is expected to benefit from merger and acquisition activity as corporate consolidations increase as a result of the pandemic, as well as increased equity issuance, but could be negatively impacted by lower corporate bond issuance and lower trading revenues from the highs in 2020. Loan demand in our Canadian and U.S. commercial banking businesses could experience slower growth as the need for liquidity during the crisis eases, but will be supported by business expansion plans further into the year.

The economic outlook described above reflects numerous assumptions and uncertainties regarding the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which will ultimately depend on the speed at which vaccines can be administered on a mass scale that are effective at controlling both existing and emerging variants of the virus, and the ability of governments, businesses and health-care systems to effectively limit the epidemiological and economic impacts of the current and future resurgences of the virus, including its variants, in the intervening period. The extent to which public health policies restrict economic activity, and the level and effectiveness of government support during this intervening period are material to our expectations for the scale and timing of a further economic rebound later in 2021. Expectations reflect currently available expert opinions and are subject to change as new information on transmissibility and epidemiology becomes available. As a result, actual experience may differ materially from expectations.

While we continue to support our clients through the pandemic, the need for and level of our client relief programs has reduced over the recent quarters. See “CIBC client relief programs in response to COVID-19” and “Government lending programs in response to COVID-19” for further details regarding the client relief and government support programs we are involved in. COVID-19 and the low interest rate environment continue to impact our business

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     3  


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and results of operations. See “Financial results review” and “Strategic business units overview” for further details. Despite these pressures, our financial condition and our regulatory capital and liquidity positions continue to be strong. See “Capital management” and “Liquidity risk” sections for further details. The impact of the pandemic on our risk environment is discussed in “Top and emerging risks”. The ongoing economic uncertainty arising from the pandemic continues to impact key accounting estimates and assumptions, particularly the estimation of expected credit losses. See “Accounting and control matters” section, as well as Note 2 and Note 6 to our interim consolidated financial statements for further details.

Significant events

Sale of FirstCaribbean International Bank Limited

On November 8, 2019, we announced that we had entered into a definitive agreement to sell 66.73% of the outstanding shares of FirstCaribbean International Bank Limited (CIBC FirstCaribbean) to GNB Financial Group Limited (GNB), subject to regulatory approvals, as discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report.

As a result of the lengthy regulatory review process, the worsening impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Caribbean economy and our revised expectations concerning the likelihood and timing of a potential transaction, we discontinued the application of held for sale accounting of CIBC FirstCaribbean in the fourth quarter of 2020 and recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $220 million based on current market conditions rather than the agreement with GNB. On February 3, 2021, we announced that the proposed sale of CIBC FirstCaribbean to GNB did not receive approval from CIBC FirstCaribbean’s regulators and that the transaction will not proceed.

Financial results review

Reported net income for the quarter was $1,625 million, compared with $1,212 million for the same quarter last year, and $1,016 million for the prior quarter.

Adjusted net income(1) for the quarter was $1,640 million, compared with $1,483 million for the same quarter last year, and $1,280 million for the prior quarter.

Reported diluted earnings per share (EPS) for the quarter was $3.55, compared with $2.63 for the same quarter last year, and $2.20 for the prior quarter.

Adjusted diluted EPS(1) for the quarter was $3.58, compared with $3.24 for the same quarter last year, and $2.79 for the prior quarter.

In the current quarter, the following item of note increased non-interest expenses by $20 million, decreased income taxes by $5 million and decreased net income by $15 million:

 

$20 million ($15 million after-tax) amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets ($12 million after-tax in U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management and $3 million after-tax in Corporate and Other).

Net interest income(2)

Net interest income was up $78 million or 3% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to volume growth across our businesses, higher trading income and higher revenue from financing activities in Capital Markets, partially offset by narrower margins largely as a result of changes in the interest rate environment and excess liquidity costs.

Net interest income was up $47 million or 2% from the prior quarter, primarily due to volume growth across our businesses and higher trading income, partially offset by narrower margins and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Non-interest income(2)

Non-interest income was up $30 million or 1% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to higher credit fees and higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation, partially offset by lower trading income.

Non-interest income was up $316 million or 17% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher trading income, higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation, higher underwriting and advisory fees, higher credit fees and higher commissions driven by higher direct brokerage trading volumes.

 

(1)

Adjusted measures are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

(2)

Trading activities and related risk management strategies can periodically shift trading income between net interest income and non-interest income. Therefore, we view total trading income as the most appropriate measure of trading performance.

Provision for credit losses

$ millions, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31(1)

   

2020

Jan. 31(1)

 

Provision for credit losses – impaired

      

Canadian Personal and Business Banking

   $     109     $ 88     $ 189  

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

     19       21       34  

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

     48       55       16  

Capital Markets

     42       20       (2

Corporate and Other

     18       (6     7  
     236       178       244  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses – performing

      

Canadian Personal and Business Banking

     (55     33       22  

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

     14       4       1  

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

     (3     27       (1

Capital Markets

     (37     (3     (4

Corporate and Other

     (8     52       (1
       (89     113       17  
     $ 147     $     291     $     261  
(1)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

Provision for credit losses was down $114 million or 44% from the same quarter last year, mainly due to a $106 million reduction related to performing loans. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was comparable with the same quarter last year, with lower provisions in Canadian Personal and Business Banking and Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, offset by higher provisions in U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, Capital Markets and Corporate and Other. Provision for credit losses on performing loans was down across most SBUs, mainly due to a favourable change in our economic outlook.

 

4   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


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Provision for credit losses was down $144 million or 49% from the prior quarter. Provision for credit losses on performing loans was down $202 million mainly due to an improvement in our economic outlook in the current quarter impacting all our SBUs and the unfavourable impact of model parameter updates in Canadian Personal and Business Banking and negative credit migration in U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management in the prior quarter. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up $58 million, as a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and higher provisions in the utilities sector.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were down $339 million or 11% from the same quarter last year, as the same quarter last year included a restructuring charge primarily related to employee severance, shown as an item of note.

Non-interest expenses were down $165 million or 6% from the prior quarter, as the prior quarter included a goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean, a charge related to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio associated with our upcoming move to our new global headquarters, partially offset by a gain as a result of plan amendments related to pension and other post-employment plans, all shown as items of note. The current quarter had higher performance-based compensation.

Income taxes

Income tax expense was up $148 million or 47% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to higher income.

Income tax expense was up $63 million or 16% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher income. The prior quarter effective tax rate was impacted by a goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean, which is not deductible for tax purposes.

In prior years, the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) issued reassessments disallowing the deduction of Enron settlement payments and related legal expenses (the “Enron expenses”). In January 2019, CIBC entered into a settlement agreement (the “Agreement”) with the CRA that provides certainty with respect to the portion of the Enron expenses deductible in Canada. The Agreement resulted in the recognition of a net $38 million tax recovery in the first quarter of 2019. This recovery was determined after taking into account taxable refund interest in Canada and also the portion of the Enron expenses that are expected to be deductible in the United States (the “U.S. deduction”). The U.S. deduction has not been agreed to by the Internal Revenue Service. It is possible that adjustments may be required to the amount of tax benefits recognized in the U.S.

The CRA has reassessed CIBC approximately $1,115 million of additional income tax by denying the tax deductibility of certain 2011 to 2015 Canadian corporate dividends on the basis that they were part of a “dividend rental arrangement”. The dividends that were subject to the reassessments are similar to those prospectively addressed by the rules in the 2015 and 2018 Canadian federal budgets. It is possible that subsequent years may be reassessed for similar activities. CIBC is confident that its tax filing positions were appropriate and intends to defend itself vigorously. Accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the interim consolidated financial statements.

Foreign exchange

The following table provides the estimated impact of U.S. dollar translation on key lines of our interim consolidated statement of income, as a result of changes in average exchange rates.

 

$ millions, except per share amounts, for the three months ended

  

Jan. 31, 2021

vs.

Jan. 31, 2020

    

Jan. 31, 2021

vs.

Oct. 31, 2020

 

Estimated increase (decrease) in:

                 

Total revenue

   $     (28    $     (33

Provision for credit losses

             

Non-interest expenses

     (13      (15

Income taxes

     (2      (2

Net income

     (13      (16

Impact on EPS:

     

Basic

   $     (0.03    $     (0.03

Diluted

     (0.03      (0.03

Average USD appreciation (depreciation) relative to CAD

     (2.5 )%       (3.0 )% 

Review of quarterly financial information

 

$ millions, except per share amounts, for the three months ended   2021                          2020                   2019  
           Jan. 31     Oct. 31     Jul. 31     Apr. 30     Jan. 31     Oct. 31     Jul. 31     Apr. 30  

Revenue

                   

Canadian Personal and Business Banking (1)

  $ 2,025     $ 1,997     $ 1,910     $ 1,936     $ 2,079     $ 2,095     $ 2,108     $ 2,000  

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

    1,088       1,028       1,013       1,025       1,055       1,026       1,019       998  

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management (1)(2)

    561       519       512       511       501       492       494       459  

Capital Markets (1)(2)

    1,174       934       1,146       967       1,006       870       884       881  

Corporate and Other (1)(2)

    115       122       127       139       214       289       227       204  

Total revenue

  $     4,963     $     4,600     $     4,708     $     4,578     $     4,855     $     4,772     $     4,732     $     4,542  

Net interest income

  $ 2,839     $ 2,792     $ 2,729     $ 2,762     $ 2,761     $ 2,801     $ 2,694     $ 2,460  

Non-interest income

    2,124       1,808       1,979       1,816       2,094       1,971       2,038       2,082  

Total revenue

    4,963       4,600       4,708       4,578       4,855       4,772       4,732       4,542  

Provision for credit losses

    147       291       525       1,412       261       402       291       255  

Non-interest expenses

    2,726       2,891       2,702       2,704       3,065       2,838       2,670       2,588  

Income before income taxes

    2,090       1,418       1,481       462       1,529       1,532       1,771       1,699  

Income taxes

    465       402       309       70       317       339       373       351  

Net income

  $ 1,625     $ 1,016     $ 1,172     $ 392     $ 1,212     $ 1,193     $ 1,398     $ 1,348  

Net income (loss) attributable to:

                   

Non-controlling interests

  $ 4     $ 1     $ 2     $ (8   $ 7     $ 8     $ 6     $ 7  

Equity shareholders

    1,621       1,015       1,170       400       1,205       1,185       1,392       1,341  

EPS

  

– basic

  $ 3.56     $ 2.21     $ 2.56     $ 0.83     $ 2.64     $ 2.59     $ 3.07     $ 2.96  
    

– diluted

    3.55       2.20       2.55       0.83       2.63       2.58       3.06       2.95  
(1)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

(2)

Capital Markets and U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management revenue and income taxes are reported on a TEB with an equivalent offset in the revenue and income taxes of Corporate and Other.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     5  


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Our quarterly results are modestly affected by seasonal factors. The second quarter has fewer days as compared with the other quarters, generally leading to lower earnings. The summer months (July – third quarter and August – fourth quarter) typically experience lower levels of market activity, which affects our brokerage, investment management, and Capital Markets activities.

Revenue

Revenue in our lending and deposit taking businesses are generally driven by the interest rate environment, volume growth and fees related to client transaction activity. Our wealth management businesses are driven by market conditions and net sales activity impacting AUA and AUM. Capital Markets revenue is also influenced, to a large extent, by market conditions affecting client trading and underwriting activity. The COVID-19 pandemic beginning in the second quarter of 2020 and the lower interest rate environment continue to impact revenue for all our SBUs.

Canadian Personal and Business Banking revenue has been negatively impacted by the lower interest rate environment in recent quarters, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, although some of this has been offset by volume growth. In recent quarters, lower fee income driven by lower client transaction activity as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted revenue.

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management has benefited from volume growth, although loan growth was muted more recently as a result of the economic uncertainty due to the pandemic. This has been partially offset by the lower interest rate environment. Wealth management AUA and AUM growth has been driven by a continued market recovery and strong sales momentum subsequent to the market volatility noted in the second quarter of 2020.

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management revenue has benefitted from volume growth and growth in fee income. In addition, deposit growth has outpaced loan growth resulting in net interest margin expansion in the past two quarters.

The first and third quarters of 2020 included higher trading revenue in Capital Markets.

Corporate and Other included the impact of changes relating to our adoption of IFRS 16 “Leases” commencing in the first quarter of 2020 that were largely offset in non-interest expenses. Commencing in the second quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic led to excess liquidity costs that negatively impacted revenue, while the interest rate environment and narrower margins have negatively impacted revenue in international banking. The fourth quarter of 2019 included interest income related to the settlement of certain income tax matters.

Provision for credit losses

Provision for credit losses is dependent upon the credit cycle in general, on the credit performance of the loan portfolios, and changes in economic outlook. As a result of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in the second quarter of 2020, our loan portfolios were negatively impacted by the decline in economic activity associated with physical distancing measures, mitigated to an extent by large-scale government support and relief programs targeting both individuals and businesses. There is considerable judgment involved in the estimation of credit losses in the current environment. The ultimate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic will depend on the speed at which an effective vaccine can be administered on a mass scale to effectively limit the spread of COVID-19 and its related variants, and the ability of governments, businesses and health-care systems to effectively limit the epidemiological and economic impacts of expected resurgences of the virus, including variants thereon, in the intervening period. The extent to which public health measures restrict economic activity and the level and effectiveness of government support during this intervening period are material to our expectations for a continued economic rebound in 2021 and our resulting provision for credit losses.

The significant increase in provision for credit losses on performing loans in the second and, to a lesser extent, in the third quarter of 2020 reflects the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and continued pressure on oil prices, and has impacted all our SBUs. The first quarter of 2021 reflects a modest improvement in our outlook. We also recognized provisions on performing loans throughout 2019, reflective of the impact of certain unfavourable changes to our economic outlook over that period.

In Canadian Personal and Business Banking, the fourth quarter of 2019 included higher provision on impaired loans in the personal lending portfolio. The third and fourth quarters of 2020 and the first quarter of 2021 included lower insolvencies and write-offs in credit cards. The decrease in insolvencies was in line with the national Canadian trend, as a result of limited consumer filing channels. The low level of write-offs was impacted by the assistance offered to clients from our payment deferral programs, lower client spending as well as government support.

In Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, the first and third quarters of 2020 and the fourth quarter of 2019 included provisions on one fraud-related impairment.

In U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, the first quarter of 2020, the second half of 2020 and the third quarter of 2019 included higher provisions on impaired loans. Impaired loan provisions in the U.S. remain elevated.

In Capital Markets, the second and third quarters of 2020, and the second half of 2019 included higher provisions on impaired loans in the oil and gas sector.

In Corporate and Other, provisions on impaired loans remained low and stable over the past two years.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses have fluctuated over the period largely due to changes in employee compensation expenses, investments in growth initiatives and movement in foreign exchange rates. The fourth quarter of 2019 and the second and fourth quarters of 2020 included a goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean. The fourth quarter of 2019 and the third quarter of 2020 included increases in legal provisions in Corporate and Other, shown as an item of note. The first quarter of 2020 included a restructuring charge associated with ongoing efforts to transform our cost structure and simplify our bank. The fourth quarter of 2020 included a charge related to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio as a result of our upcoming move to our new global headquarters and a gain as a result of plan amendments related to pension and other post-employment plans.

Income taxes

Income taxes vary with changes in income subject to tax, and the jurisdictions in which the income is earned. Taxes can also be affected by the impact of significant items and the level of tax-exempt income.

Non-GAAP measures

We use a number of financial measures to assess the performance of our business lines as described below. Some measures are calculated in accordance with GAAP (IFRS), while other measures do not have a standardized meaning under GAAP, and accordingly, these measures may not be comparable to similar measures used by other companies. Investors may find these non-GAAP measures useful in understanding how management views underlying business performance.

 

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Table of Contents

Management assesses results on a reported and adjusted basis and considers both as useful measures of performance. Adjusted results remove items of note from reported results and are used to calculate our adjusted measures. Adjusted measures represent non-GAAP measures.

For a more detailed discussion on our non-GAAP measures, see page 16 of our 2020 Annual Report.

The following table provides a reconciliation of GAAP (reported) results to non-GAAP (adjusted) results.

 

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended

  

2021

Jan. 31

    

2020

Oct. 31

    

2020

Jan. 31

 

Operating results – reported

        

Total revenue

   $ 4,963      $ 4,600      $ 4,855  

Provision for credit losses

     147        291        261  

Non-interest expenses

     2,726        2,891        3,065  

Income before income taxes

     2,090        1,418        1,529  

Income taxes

     465        402        317  

Net income

     1,625        1,016        1,212  

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

     4        1        7  

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

     1,621        1,015        1,205  

Diluted EPS ($)

   $       3.55      $       2.20      $       2.63  

Impact of items of note (1)

                          

Expenses

        

Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2)

   $ (20    $ (23    $ (27

Charge related to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio (3)

            (114       

Gain as a result of plan amendments related to pension and other post-employment plans (3)

            79         

Restructuring charge (4)

                   (339

Goodwill impairment (5)

            (220       

Impact of items of note on expenses

     (20      (278      (366

Total pre-tax impact of items of note on net income

     20        278        366  

Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets (2)

     5        5        6  

Charge related to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio (3)

            30         

Gain as a result of plan amendments related to pension and other post-employment plans (3)

            (21       

Restructuring charge (4)

                   89  

Impact of items of note on income taxes

     5        14        95  

Total after-tax impact of items of note on net income

     15        264        271  

Impact of items of note on diluted EPS ($)

   $ 0.03      $ 0.59      $ 0.61  

Operating results – adjusted (6)

        

Total revenue (7)

   $ 4,963      $ 4,600      $ 4,855  

Provision for credit losses

     147        291        261  

Non-interest expenses

     2,706        2,613        2,699  

Income before income taxes

     2,110        1,696        1,895  

Income taxes

     470        416        412  

Net income

     1,640        1,280        1,483  

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

     4        1        7  

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

     1,636        1,279        1,476  

Adjusted diluted EPS ($)

   $ 3.58      $ 2.79      $ 3.24  
(1)

Reflects the impact of items of note on our adjusted results as compared with our reported results.

(2)

Amortization of acquisition-related intangible assets is recognized in the SBU of the acquired business or Corporate and Other. A summary is provided in the table below.

 

Canadian Personal and Business Banking (pre-tax)

   $      $ (2    $ (2

Canadian Personal and Business Banking (after-tax)

            (1      (2

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management (pre-tax)

            (1       

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management (after-tax)

            (1       

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management (pre-tax)

                   (17                    (17                    (22

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management (after-tax)

     (12      (13      (16

Corporate and Other (pre-tax)

     (3      (3      (3

Corporate and Other (after-tax)

     (3      (3      (3
(3)

Recognized in Corporate and Other.

(4)

Restructuring charge associated with ongoing efforts to transform our cost structure and simplify our bank. This charge consists primarily of employee severance and related costs and was recognized in Corporate and Other.

(5)

Goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean recognized in Corporate and Other.

(6)

Adjusted to exclude the impact of items of note.

(7)

Excludes TEB adjustments of $54 million (October 31, 2020: $37 million; January 31, 2020: $49 million). Our adjusted efficiency ratio is calculated on a TEB.

The table below provides a summary of adjusted results by SBU(1).

 

$ millions, for the three months ended

 

Canadian

Personal and

Business

Banking

   

Canadian

Commercial
Banking

and Wealth

Management

   

U.S.
Commercial

Banking

and Wealth

Management

    

Capital

Markets

    

Corporate

and Other

    

CIBC

Total

 

2021

   Reported net income (loss)   $ 652     $ 354     $ 188      $ 493      $ (62    $ 1,625  
Jan. 31    After-tax impact of items of note (1)                 12               3        15  
     Adjusted net income (loss) (2)   $ 652     $ 354     $ 200      $ 493      $ (59)      $ 1,640  

2020

   Reported net income (loss)   $     590     $     340     $     135      $     310      $     (359)      $     1,016  

Oct. 31 (3)

   After-tax impact of items of note (1)     1       1       13               249        264  
     Adjusted net income (loss) (2)   $ 591     $ 341     $ 148      $ 310      $ (110    $ 1,280  

2020

   Reported net income (loss)   $ 575     $ 336     $ 165      $ 378      $ (242)      $ 1,212  

Jan. 31 (3)

   After-tax impact of items of note (1)     2             16               253        271  
     Adjusted net income (loss) (2)   $ 577     $ 336     $ 181      $ 378      $ 11      $ 1,483  
(1)

Reflects the impact of items of note described above.

(2)

Non-GAAP measure.

(3)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

 

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Strategic business units overview

CIBC has four SBUs – Canadian Personal and Business Banking, Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, and Capital Markets. These SBUs are supported by the following functional groups – Technology, Infrastructure and Innovation, Risk Management, People, Culture and Brand, Finance and Enterprise Strategy, as well as other support groups, which all form part of Corporate and Other. The expenses of these functional and support groups are generally allocated to the business lines within the SBUs. The majority of the functional and support costs of CIBC Bank USA are recognized directly in the U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management SBU. Corporate and Other also includes the results of CIBC FirstCaribbean and other strategic investments, as well as other income statement and balance sheet items not directly attributable to the business lines. The key methodologies and assumptions used in reporting the financial results of our SBUs are provided on page 19 of our 2020 Annual Report.

External reporting changes were made in the first quarter of 2021, which affected the results of our SBUs. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

Canadian Personal and Business Banking

Canadian Personal and Business Banking provides personal and business clients across Canada with financial advice, products and services through banking centre, digital, mobile and remote channels.

Results(1)

 

$ millions, for the three months ended

  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31(2)

   

2020

Jan. 31(2)

 

Revenue

   $       2,025     $       1,997     $       2,079  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

      

Impaired

     109       88       189  

Performing

     (55     33       22  

Total provision for credit losses

     54       121       211  

Non-interest expenses

     1,086       1,076       1,086  

Income before income taxes

     885       800       782  

Income taxes

     233       210       207  

Net income

   $ 652     $ 590     $ 575  

Net income attributable to:

      

Equity shareholders

   $ 652     $ 590     $ 575  

Efficiency ratio

     53.6  %      53.9  %      52.2  % 

Return on equity (3)

     39.9  %      36.1  %      34.9  % 

Average allocated common equity (3)

   $ 6,480     $ 6,509     $ 6,550  

Full-time equivalent employees

     12,594       12,437       12,948  

 

(1)

For additional segmented information, see the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements.

(2)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

(3)

For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

Financial overview

Net income for the quarter was $652 million, up $77 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by lower revenue.

Net income was up $62 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to a lower provision for credit losses and higher revenue, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses.

Revenue

Revenue was down $54 million or 3% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to narrower margins largely as a result of changes in the interest rate environment and lower fees driven by lower client transaction activity, partially offset by volume growth.

Revenue was up $28 million or 1% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher volume growth and higher non-interest income, partially offset by narrower margins.

Provision for credit losses

Provision for credit losses was down $157 million from the same quarter last year. The current quarter included a provision reversal on performing loans primarily due to a favourable change in our economic outlook, while the same quarter last year included a provision for credit losses primarily due to model parameter updates in the cards portfolio. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was down due to lower insolvencies and write-offs in credit cards. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans remained lower than pre-pandemic levels, partially due to the impact of lower client spending, the client relief programs and government support.

Provision for credit losses was down $67 million from the prior quarter. The current quarter included a provision reversal on performing loans primarily due to a favourable change in our economic outlook, while the prior quarter included a provision for credit losses as a result of the unfavourable impact from model parameter updates in the personal lending portfolio. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up mainly due to a higher provision in personal lending, partially offset by a reduction in the cards portfolio.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were comparable with the same quarter last year and were up $10 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher spending on strategic initiatives.

Income taxes

Income taxes were up $26 million from the same quarter last year, and up $23 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher income.

 

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Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management provides high-touch, relationship-oriented banking and wealth management services to middle-market companies, entrepreneurs, high-net-worth individuals and families across Canada, as well as asset management services to institutional investors.

Results(1)

 

$ millions, for the three months ended

  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Revenue

      

Commercial banking

   $ 428     $ 409     $ 423  

Wealth management

     660       619       632  

Total revenue

     1,088       1,028       1,055  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

      

Impaired

     19       21       34  

Performing

     14       4       1  

Total provision for credit losses

     33       25       35  

Non-interest expenses

     572       540       561  

Income before income taxes

     483       463       459  

Income taxes

     129       123       123  

Net income

   $ 354     $ 340     $ 336  

Net income attributable to:

      

Equity shareholders

   $ 354     $ 340     $ 336  

Efficiency ratio

     52.6  %      52.5  %      53.2  % 

Return on equity (2)

     21.4  %      20.7  %      21.5  % 

Average allocated common equity (2)

   $     6,568     $     6,551     $     6,226  

Full-time equivalent employees

     5,036       4,984       5,084  
(1)

For additional segmented information, see the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements.

(2)

For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

Financial overview

Net income for the quarter was $354 million, up $18 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses.

Net income was up $14 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses and a higher provision for credit losses.

Revenue

Revenue was up $33 million or 3% from the same quarter last year.

Commercial banking revenue was up $5 million, primarily due to higher fees and volume growth, partially offset by narrower margins.

Wealth management revenue was up $28 million, primarily due to higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation and net sales, and higher foreign exchange revenue.

Revenue was up $60 million or 6% from the prior quarter.

Commercial banking revenue was up $19 million, primarily due to higher fees and volume growth.

Wealth management revenue was up $41 million, primarily due to higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation, as well as higher transactional revenue driven by increased trading activity.

Provision for credit losses

Provision for credit losses was down $2 million from the same quarter last year. The current quarter included a higher provision for credit losses on performing loans mainly related to unfavourable credit migration. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was down as the same quarter last year included an additional provision on a previously impaired fraud-related loan.

Provision for credit losses was up $8 million from the prior quarter. The current quarter included a higher provision for credit losses on performing loans mainly related to unfavourable credit migration. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was comparable with the prior quarter.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were up $11 million or 2% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to performance-based compensation.

Non-interest expenses were up $32 million or 6% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher performance-based compensation, and higher spending on strategic initiatives.

Income taxes

Income taxes were up $6 million from the same quarter last year, and up $6 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher income.

 

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U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management delivers commercial banking and private wealth services across the U.S., as well as personal and small business banking services in four U.S. Midwestern markets and focuses on middle-market and mid-corporate companies and high-net worth families.

Results(1)

 

$ millions, for the three months ended

  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31 (2)

   

2020

Jan. 31 (2)

 

Revenue

      

Commercial banking

   $ 381     $ 362     $ 340  

Wealth management (4)

     180       157       161  

Total revenue (3)

     561       519       501  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

      

Impaired

     48       55       16  

Performing

     (3     27       (1

Total provision for credit losses

     45       82       15  

Non-interest expenses

     280       267       298  

Income before income taxes

     236       170       188  

Income taxes

     48       35       23  

Net income

   $ 188     $ 135     $ 165  

Net income attributable to:

      

Equity shareholders

   $ 188     $ 135     $ 165  

Efficiency ratio

     49.9  %      51.7  %      59.4  % 

Return on equity (5)

     8.2  %      5.9  %      7.4  % 

Average allocated common equity (5)

   $     9,105     $     9,127     $     8,855  

Full-time equivalent employees

     2,090       2,085       2,060  
(1)

For additional segmented information, see the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements.

(2)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

(3)

Included $4 million of income relating to the accretion of the acquisition date fair value discount on the acquired loans of The PrivateBank for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $5 million; January 31, 2020: $6 million).

(4)

Includes revenue related to the U.S. Paycheck Protection Program.

(5)

For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

Financial overview

Net income for the quarter was $188 million, up $23 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to higher revenue and lower non-interest expenses, partially offset by a higher provision for credit losses.

Net income was up $53 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher revenue and a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses.

Revenue

Revenue was up $60 million or 12% from the same quarter last year.

Commercial banking revenue was up $41 million, primarily due to volume growth and higher fees, partially offset by narrower deposit margins and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Wealth management revenue was up $19 million, primarily due to higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation and net sales, and higher loan fees, partially offset by narrower deposit margins and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Revenue was up $42 million or 8% from the prior quarter.

Commercial banking revenue was up $19 million, primarily due to wider spreads driven by higher loan fees, volume growth and higher syndication fees, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Wealth management revenue was up $23 million, primarily due to wider spreads driven by higher loan fees and higher fee-based revenue driven by higher average AUA and AUM reflecting market appreciation and net sales.

Provision for credit losses

Provision for credit losses was up $30 million from the same quarter last year. Provision for credit losses on performing loans was comparable with the same quarter last year. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up mainly attributable to the real estate sector.

Provision for credit losses was down $37 million from the prior quarter. The current quarter included a small provision reversal on performing loans mainly related to an improvement in our economic outlook partially offset by unfavourable credit migration, while the prior quarter included a provision for credit losses as a result of unfavourable credit migration. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was down slightly compared with the prior quarter.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were down $18 million or 6% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to lower business development costs and the impact of foreign exchange translation, partially offset by higher salaries and benefits.

Non-interest expenses were up $13 million or 5% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher employee compensation driven by seasonality associated with certain benefits and performance-based awards, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Income taxes

Income taxes were up $25 million from the same quarter last year, and up $13 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher income.

 

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Capital Markets

Capital Markets provides integrated global markets products and services, investment banking advisory and execution, corporate banking solutions and top-ranked research to our clients around the world. It includes Direct Financial Services which focuses on expanding CIBC’s digitally enabled capabilities to provide a cohesive set of direct banking, direct investing and innovative multi-currency payment solutions for CIBC’s clients.

Results(1)

 

$ millions, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31 (2)

   

2020

Jan. 31 (2)

 

Revenue

      

Global markets

   $ 614     $ 427     $ 500  

Corporate and investment banking

     358       322       330  

Direct financial services

     202       185       176  

Total revenue (3)

     1,174       934       1,006  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

      

Impaired

     42       20       (2

Performing

     (37     (3     (4

Total provision for (reversal of) credit losses

     5       17       (6

Non-interest expenses

     522       458       492  

Income before income taxes

     647       459       520  

Income taxes (3)

     154       149       142  

Net income

   $ 493     $ 310     $ 378  

Net income attributable to:

      

Equity shareholders

   $ 493     $ 310     $ 378  

Efficiency ratio

     44.5  %      49.0  %      48.9  % 

Return on equity (4)

     28.0  %      17.8  %      22.4  % 

Average allocated common equity (4)

   $ 6,991     $ 6,926     $ 6,697  

Full-time equivalent employees

           1,943             1,912             1,865  
(1)

For additional segmented information, see the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements.

(2)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

(3)

Revenue and income taxes are reported on a TEB. Accordingly, revenue and income taxes include a TEB adjustment of $54 million for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $37 million; January 31, 2020: $49 million). The equivalent amounts are offset in the revenue and income taxes of Corporate and Other.

(4)

For additional information, see the “Non-GAAP measures” section.

Financial overview

Net income for the quarter was $493 million, up $115 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to higher revenue, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses.

Net income was up $183 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher revenue and a lower provision for credit losses, partially offset by higher non-interest expenses.

Revenue

Revenue was up $168 million or 17% from the same quarter last year.

Global markets revenue was up $114 million, primarily due to higher revenue from our fixed income, equities and foreign exchange trading businesses.

Corporate and investment banking revenue was up $28 million, primarily due to higher corporate banking revenue, higher equity underwriting activity and investment portfolio gains, partially offset by lower advisory revenue.

Direct financial services revenue was up $26 million, primarily due to higher direct brokerage trading volumes.

Revenue was up $240 million or 26% from the prior quarter.

Global markets revenue was up $187 million, primarily due to higher revenue from our foreign exchange, equities trading and fixed income businesses.

Corporate and investment banking revenue was up $36 million, primarily due to higher advisory revenue, higher equity underwriting activity and investment portfolio gains, partially offset by lower debt underwriting activity.

Direct financial services revenue was up $17 million, primarily due to higher direct brokerage trading volumes.

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

Provision for credit losses was up $11 million from the same quarter last year. The current quarter included a provision reversal on performing loans due to favourable credit migration, transfers of performing loans to impairments and a favourable change in our economic outlook. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up mainly attributable to the utilities sector.

Provision for credit losses was down $12 million from the prior quarter. Provision reversals on performing loans was up due to favourable credit migration and a favourable change in our economic outlook. Provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up mainly attributable to the utilities sector.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were up $30 million or 6% from the same quarter last year, and up $64 million or 14% from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher performance-based compensation and investments in growth initiatives.

Income taxes

Income taxes were up $12 million from the same quarter last year, and up $5 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to higher income.

 

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Corporate and Other

Corporate and Other includes the following functional groups – Technology, Infrastructure and Innovation, Risk Management, People, Culture and Brand, Finance and Enterprise Strategy, as well as other support groups. The expenses of these functional and support groups are generally allocated to the business lines within the SBUs. The majority of the functional and support costs of CIBC Bank USA are recognized directly in the U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management SBU. Corporate and Other also includes the results of CIBC FirstCaribbean and other strategic investments, as well as other income statement and balance sheet items not directly attributable to the business lines.

Results(1)

 

$ millions, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31 (2)

   

2020

Jan. 31 (2)

 

Revenue

      

International banking

   $ 174     $ 178     $ 206  

Other

     (59     (56     8  

Total revenue (3)

     115       122       214  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

      

Impaired

     18       (6     7  

Performing

     (8     52       (1

Total provision for (reversal of) credit losses

     10       46       6  

Non-interest expenses

     266       550       628  

Loss before income taxes

     (161     (474     (420

Income taxes (3)

     (99     (115     (178

Net income (loss)

   $ (62   $ (359   $ (242

Net income (loss) attributable to:

      

Non-controlling interests

   $ 4     $ 1     $ 7  

Equity shareholders

     (66     (360     (249

Full-time equivalent employees

           22,227             22,435             23,126  
(1)

For additional segmented information, see the notes to the interim consolidated financial statements.

(2)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “External reporting changes” section for additional details.

(3)

Revenue and income taxes of Capital Markets are reported on a TEB. The equivalent amounts are offset in the revenue and income taxes of Corporate and Other. Accordingly, revenue and income taxes include a TEB adjustment of $54 million for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $37 million; January 31, 2020: $49 million).

Financial overview

Net loss for the quarter was $62 million, compared with a net loss of $242 million in the same quarter last year, as the prior year quarter included a restructuring charge primarily relating to employee severance, shown as an item of note. The current quarter included lower revenue.

Net loss for the quarter was $62 million, compared with a net loss of $359 million in the prior quarter, as the prior quarter included a goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean, a charge related to the consolidation of our real estate portfolio, partially offset by a gain as a result of plan amendments related to pension and other post-employment plans, all shown as items of note.

Revenue

Revenue was down $99 million or 46% from the same quarter last year.

International banking revenue was down $32 million, primarily due to lower revenue in CIBC FirstCaribbean as a result of narrower margins, lower fees, and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Other revenue was down $67 million, primarily due to lower treasury revenue largely as a result of excess liquidity costs.

Revenue was down $7 million or 6% from the prior quarter.

International banking revenue was down $4 million, primarily due to the impact of foreign exchange translation.

Other revenue was down $3 million as a higher TEB adjustment and lower revenue from strategic investments was largely offset by higher treasury revenue.

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

Provision for credit losses was comparable with the same quarter last year.

Provision for credit losses was down $36 million from the prior quarter. The current quarter included a reversal on performing loans partially related to accounts that transferred to impaired at CIBC FirstCaribbean, while the prior quarter included a provision for credit losses related to a worsening of our economic view in the Caribbean region as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. The provision for credit losses on impaired loans was up due to higher provisions in CIBC FirstCaribbean.

Non-interest expenses

Non-interest expenses were down $362 million or 58% from the same quarter last year, primarily due to the restructuring charge noted above.

Non-interest expenses were down $284 million or 52% from the prior quarter as the prior quarter included the goodwill impairment, charge on our real estate portfolio and gain on pension and other post-employment plans noted above, while the current quarter included an increase in legal provisions.

Income taxes

Income tax benefit was down $79 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to a lower loss.

Income tax benefit was down $16 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to a lower loss. The prior quarter’s effective tax rate was impacted by a goodwill impairment charge related to our controlling interest in CIBC FirstCaribbean, which is not deductible for tax purposes.

 

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Financial condition

Review of condensed consolidated balance sheet

 

$ millions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

    

2020

Oct. 31

 

Assets

     

Cash and deposits with banks

   $ 63,293      $ 62,518  

Securities

     150,493        149,046  

Securities borrowed and purchased under resale agreements

     75,953        74,142  

Loans and acceptances, net of allowance

     420,975        416,388  

Derivative instruments

     34,165        32,730  

Other assets

     38,029        34,727  
     $ 782,908      $ 769,551  

Liabilities and equity

     

Deposits

   $ 573,927      $ 570,740  

Obligations related to securities lent, sold short and under repurchase agreements

     97,743        89,440  

Derivative instruments

     32,158        30,508  

Other liabilities

     32,458        31,816  

Subordinated indebtedness

     4,693        5,712  

Equity

     41,929        41,335  
     $     782,908      $     769,551  

Assets

As at January 31, 2021, total assets were up $13.4 billion or 2% from October 31, 2020, net of a decrease of approximately $9 billion due to the depreciation of the U.S. dollar.

Cash and deposits with banks increased by $0.8 billion or 1%, primarily due to higher short-term placements in Treasury.

Securities increased by $1.4 billion or 1%, primarily due to increases in corporate equity and debt securities in foreign governments, partially offset by decreases in debt securities in Canadian governments.

Securities borrowed and purchased under resale agreements increased by $1.8 billion or 2%, primarily due to client-driven activities.

Loans and acceptances, net of allowance, increased by $4.6 billion or 1%, primarily due to increases in Canadian residential mortgages and business and government loans, partially offset by a decrease in U.S. business and government loans due to foreign exchange translation.

Derivative instruments increased by $1.4 billion or 4%, largely driven by an increase in foreign exchange derivatives valuation, partially offset by a decrease in interest rate derivatives valuation.

Other assets increased by $3.3 billion or 10%, primarily due to increases in collateral pledged for derivatives and precious metals, partially offset by a decrease in broker receivables.

Liabilities

As at January 31, 2021, total liabilities were up $12.8 billion or 2% from October 31, 2020, net of a decrease of approximately $9 billion due to the depreciation of the U.S. dollar.

Deposits increased by $3.2 billion or 1%, primarily due to domestic retail volume growth and increases in bank deposits, partially offset by decreased wholesale funding. Further details on the composition of deposits are provided in Note 7 to our interim consolidated financial statements.

Obligations related to securities lent, sold short and under repurchase agreements increased by $8.3 billion or 9%, primarily due to client-driven activities.

Derivative instruments increased by $1.7 billion or 5%, largely driven by increases in foreign exchange and equity derivatives valuation, partially offset by decreases in interest rate and other commodity derivatives valuation.

Other liabilities increased by $0.6 billion or 2%, primarily due to increases in collateral received for derivatives and acceptances, partially offset by a decrease in accrued liabilities.

Subordinated indebtedness decreased by $1.0 billion or 18%, mainly due to the redemption during the current quarter. For further details see the “Capital management” section.

Equity

As at January 31, 2021, equity increased by $0.6 billion or 1% from October 31, 2020, primarily due to a net increase in retained earnings, partially offset by a decrease in accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

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Capital management

We actively manage our capital to maintain a strong and efficient capital base that provides balance sheet strength, enables our businesses to grow and execute on our strategy, and meets regulatory requirements. For additional details on capital management, see pages 31 to 42 of our 2020 Annual Report.

Regulatory capital requirements under Basel III

Our regulatory capital requirements are determined in accordance with guidelines issued by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI), which are based upon the capital standards developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS).

Regulatory capital consists of CET1, Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital. The tiers of regulatory capital indicate increasing quality/permanence and the ability to absorb losses. The major components of our regulatory capital are summarized as follows:

 

 

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Excluding AOCI relating to cash flow hedges and changes to fair value option (FVO) liabilities attributable to changes in own credit risk.

(2)

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, OSFI has provided regulatory flexibility by implementing transitional arrangements for the treatment of expected loss provisioning, such that part of the allowances that would otherwise be included in Tier 2 capital will instead qualify for inclusion in CET1 capital subject to certain scalars and limitations until fiscal 2022. See the “Continuous enhancement to regulatory capital requirements” section for additional details.

Qualifying regulatory capital instruments must be capable of absorbing loss at the point of non-viability of the financial institution. Non-qualifying Tier 1 and Tier 2 capital instruments are excluded from regulatory capital at a rate of 10% per annum until November 1, 2021, at which point they will have no regulatory value.

OSFI requires all institutions to achieve target capital ratios which include buffers. Targets may be higher for certain institutions at OSFI’s discretion. CIBC, along with Bank of Montreal, Bank of Nova Scotia, National Bank of Canada, Royal Bank of Canada, and the Toronto-Dominion Bank, have been designated by OSFI as domestic systemically important banks (D-SIBs) in Canada. D-SIBs are subject to a CET1 surcharge equal to 1.0% of RWA and a Domestic Stability Buffer (DSB) requirement intended to address Pillar 2 risks that are not adequately captured in the Pillar 1 capital requirements. The DSB is currently set at 1.0% but can range from 0% to 2.5% of RWA, see the “Continuous enhancement to regulatory capital requirements” section for further details. Additionally, banks need to hold an incremental countercyclical capital buffer equal to their weighted-average buffer requirement in Canada and across certain other jurisdictions where they have private sector credit exposures. OSFI’s current targets are summarized below:

 

As at January 31, 2021   Minimum     Capital
conservation
buffer
    D-SIB
buffer
    Pillar I
targets 
(1)
    Domestic
Stability
Buffer
    Target
including
all buffer
requirements
 

CET1 ratio

    4.5  %      2.5  %      1.0  %      8.0  %      1.0  %      9.0  % 

Tier 1 capital ratio

    6.0  %      2.5  %      1.0  %      9.5  %      1.0  %      10.5  % 

Total capital ratio

    8.0  %      2.5  %      1.0  %      11.5  %      1.0  %      12.5  % 
(1)

The countercyclical capital buffer applicable to CIBC is insignificant as at January 31, 2021.

Capital adequacy requirements are applied on a consolidated basis consistent with our financial statements, except for our insurance subsidiaries (CIBC Cayman Reinsurance Limited and CIBC Life Insurance Company Limited), which are excluded from the regulatory scope of consolidation. The basis of consolidation applied to our financial statements is described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report. CIBC Life Insurance Company Limited is subject to OSFI’s Life Insurance Capital Adequacy Test.

Continuous enhancement to regulatory capital requirements

The BCBS and OSFI have published a number of proposals for changes to the existing regulatory capital requirements to strengthen the regulation, supervision, and practices of banks with the overall objective of enhancing financial stability (see pages 34 to 35 of our 2020 Annual Report).

Transitional arrangements for the capital treatment of expected loss provisioning

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, OSFI introduced transitional arrangements for ECL provisioning that are available under the Basel Framework. These transitional arrangements were effective immediately upon being announced by OSFI on March 27, 2020 and result in a portion of allowances that would otherwise be included in Tier 2 capital qualifying for inclusion in CET1 capital. The amount of ECL allowances eligible for inclusion in CET1 capital is determined based on the increase in stage 1 and stage 2 allowances relative to balances as at January 31, 2020 as a baseline. This amount is then adjusted for tax effects and is subject to a scaling factor that will decrease over time. The scaling factor has been set at 70% for fiscal 2020, 50%

 

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for fiscal 2021, and 25% for fiscal 2022. For exposures under the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach, the lower of this amount and excess allowances otherwise eligible for inclusion in Tier 2 capital is included as CET1 capital under the transitional arrangements.

Domestic Stability Buffer

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and market conditions, OSFI announced an immediate reduction in the DSB requirement from 2.0% to 1.0% for all D-SIBs effective March 13, 2020. This reduction decreased OSFI’s target capital ratios, including all buffers, for CET1, Tier 1 and Total capital to 9.0%, 10.5% and 12.5%, respectively. On December 8, 2020, OSFI again announced that the DSB would remain unchanged at 1.0%.

Capital treatment of federal program supporting highly affected sectors

In January 2021, OSFI provided direction on the capital treatment of the government-guaranteed loans made under the Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC) Highly Affected Sectors Credit Availability Program (HASCAP) loan guarantee program. The loans will be considered sovereign risk based on the BDC guarantee, and the relevant risk weight under the Capital Adequacy Requirements (CAR) Guideline will be applied accordingly. The entire amount of the loan is to be included in the exposure measure used for calculating the leverage ratio. See “Government lending programs in response to COVID-19” for further details.

Total loss absorbing capacity requirements

Beginning in the first quarter of 2022, D-SIBs will be required to maintain a supervisory target total loss absorbing capacity requirements (TLAC)

ratio (which is comprising a minimum risk-based TLAC ratio of 21.5% plus the then applicable DSB) and a minimum TLAC leverage ratio of 6.75%.

TLAC is required to ensure that a non-viable bank will have sufficient loss absorbing capacity, through its regulatory capital and bail-in eligible

instruments, to support its recapitalization. In accordance with the Department of Finance’s Bank recapitalization (Bail-in) conversion regulations,

senior debt issued by D-SIBs on or after September 23, 2018, with an original term to maturity of more than 400 days (including explicit or

embedded options) that is unsecured or partially secured is subject to bail-in. Consumer deposits, certain derivatives, covered bonds, and certain

structured notes are not eligible for bail-in.

CIBC will continue to monitor and prepare for developments impacting regulatory capital requirements and disclosures.

Regulatory capital

Our regulatory capital levels and ratios are summarized below:

$ millions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

 

CET1 capital (1)

     $      31,438     $       30,876  

Tier 1 capital

     35,284       34,775  

Total capital

     40,355       40,969  

RWA consist of:

    

Credit risk

     218,293       218,694  

Market risk

     7,331       5,858  

Operational risk

     30,495       30,319  

Total RWA

     256,119       254,871  

CET1 ratio

     12.3  %      12.1  % 

Tier 1 capital ratio

     13.8  %      13.6  % 

Total capital ratio

     15.8  %      16.1  % 
(1)

Includes the impact of the ECL transitional arrangement announced by OSFI on March 27, 2020. The transitional arrangement results in a portion of ECL allowances that would otherwise be included in Tier 2 capital qualifying for inclusion in CET1 capital. The amount is subject to certain adjustments and limitations until fiscal 2022.

CET1 ratio

The CET1 ratio at January 31, 2021 increased 0.2% from October 31, 2020, driven by the increase in CET1 capital, partially offset by the impact of an increase in RWA.

The increase in CET1 capital was primarily the result of internal capital generation (net income less dividends) and common share issuance, partially offset by a decrease in AOCI (largely due to the impact of currency translation adjustments). The increase in RWA was primarily due to increases in book size and market risk levels, partially offset by the impact of foreign exchange translation.

We anticipate that the combined impact of our expected loss calculation for regulatory capital purposes and credit risk RWA will act as a headwind to the positive impact of earnings on our CET1 ratio in future periods to the extent balances increase, utilization and delinquency rates increase and risk ratings and other credit scores deteriorate in line with our forward-looking information.

Tier 1 capital ratio

The Tier 1 capital ratio at January 31, 2021 increased 0.2% from October 31, 2020 primarily due to the factors affecting the CET1 ratio noted above.

Total capital ratio

The Total capital ratio at January 31, 2021 decreased 0.3% from October 31, 2020. Total capital was favourably impacted by the factors affecting the Tier 1 capital ratio noted above. However, the redemption of subordinated indebtedness during the quarter (see “Significant capital management activity” for additional details), along with a decrease in the applicable cap related to the inclusion of non-qualifying instruments resulted in a net reduction in Total capital for the quarter.

Leverage ratio

The Basel III capital standards include a non-risk-based capital metric, the leverage ratio, to supplement risk-based capital requirements. The leverage ratio is defined as Tier 1 capital divided by the leverage ratio exposure. The leverage ratio exposure is defined under the rules as the sum of:

(i)

On-balance sheet assets less Tier 1 capital regulatory adjustments;

(ii)

Derivative exposures;

(iii)

Securities financing transaction exposures; and

(iv)

Off-balance sheet exposures (such as commitments, direct credit substitutes, letters of credit, and securitization exposures).

 

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OSFI expects federally regulated deposit-taking institutions to have leverage ratios that meet or exceed 3.0%. This minimum may be higher for certain institutions at OSFI’s discretion.

 

$ millions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

 

Tier 1 capital

   $       35,284     $     34,775  

Leverage ratio exposure (1)

     756,688       741,760  

Leverage ratio

     4.7  %      4.7  % 
(1)

Includes the impact of regulatory flexibility provided by OSFI in respect of exposures arising from central bank reserves and sovereign-issued securities that qualify as high quality liquid assets. The treatment specified by OSFI permits these items to be excluded from the leverage ratio exposure measure.

The leverage ratio at January 31, 2021 was comparable with October 31, 2020, as the impact of an increase in Tier 1 capital was offset by the impact of an increase in leverage ratio exposure. The increase in leverage ratio exposure was primarily driven by an increase in on-balance sheet and securities financing transaction exposures.

Significant capital management activity

In conjunction with OSFI’s March 13, 2020 announcement to decrease the DSB to 1.0% in response to COVID-19, OSFI also announced that it expects all federally regulated financial institutions to cease dividend increases and share buybacks for the time being, in order to ensure that the additional capital available is used to support Canadian lending activities. The following were the main capital initiatives undertaken in 2021:

Shareholder investment plan

Pursuant to the shareholder investment plan, we issued 294,164 common shares for consideration of $32 million for the quarter ended January 31, 2021.

Subordinated indebtedness

On January 26, 2021, we redeemed all $1.0 billion of our 3.42% Debentures due January 26, 2026. In accordance with their terms, the Debentures were redeemed at 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

Outstanding share data

The table below provides a summary of our outstanding shares, NVCC capital instruments, and the maximum number of common shares issuable on conversion/exercise:

 

     Shares outstanding     

Minimum
conversion

price per
common share

    

Maximum number
of common

shares issuable
on conversion

 
$ millions, except number of shares and per share amounts, as at January 31, 2021    Number
of shares
    

Par

value

 

Preferred shares (1)(2)

           

Series 39 (NVCC)

     16,000,000      $ 400      $     5.00        80,000,000  

Series 41 (NVCC)

     12,000,000        300        5.00        60,000,000  

Series 43 (NVCC)

     12,000,000        300        5.00        60,000,000  

Series 45 (NVCC)

     32,000,000        800        5.00        160,000,000  

Series 47 (NVCC)

     18,000,000        450        5.00        90,000,000  

Series 49 (NVCC)

     13,000,000        325        5.00        65,000,000  

Series 51 (NVCC)

     10,000,000        250        5.00        50,000,000  

Limited recourse capital notes (2)(3)

           

4.375% Limited recourse capital notes Series 1 (NVCC)

     n/a        750        5.00        150,000,000  

Subordinated indebtedness (2)(4)

           

3.45% Debentures due April 4, 2028 (NVCC)

     n/a        1,500        5.00        450,000,000  

2.95% Debentures due June 19, 2029 (NVCC)

     n/a        1,500        5.00        450,000,000  

2.01% Debentures due July 21, 2030 (NVCC)

     n/a        1,000        5.00        300,000,000  

Total

            $     7,575                 1,915,000,000  
(1)

Upon the occurrence of a Trigger Event, each share is convertible into a number of common shares, determined by dividing the par value of $25.00 plus declared and unpaid dividends by the average common share price (as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement) subject to a minimum price per share (subject to adjustment in certain events as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement). Preferred shareholders do not have the right to convert their shares into common shares.

(2)

The maximum number of common shares issuable on conversion excludes the impact of declared but unpaid dividends and accrued interest.

(3)

Upon the occurrence of a Trigger Event, the Series 53 Preferred Shares held in the Limited Recourse Trust in support of the limited recourse capital notes are convertible into a number of common shares, determined by dividing the par value of $1,000 by the average common share price (as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement) subject to a minimum price per common share (subject to adjustment in certain events as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement).

(4)

Upon the occurrence of a Trigger Event, the Debentures are convertible into a number of common shares, determined by dividing 150% of the par value plus accrued and unpaid interest by the average common share price (as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement) subject to a minimum price per common share (subject to adjustment in certain events as defined in the relevant prospectus supplement).

n/a

Not applicable.

The occurrence of a “Trigger Event” would result in conversion of all of the outstanding NVCC instruments described above, which would represent a dilution impact of 81% based on the number of CIBC common shares outstanding as at January 31, 2021. As described in the CAR Guideline, a Trigger Event occurs when OSFI determines the bank is or is about to become non-viable and, if after conversion of all contingent instruments and consideration of any other relevant factors or circumstances, it is reasonably likely that its viability will be restored or maintained; or if the bank has accepted or agreed to accept a capital injection or equivalent support from a federal or provincial government, without which OSFI would have determined the bank to be non-viable.

In addition to the potential dilution impacts related to the NVCC instruments discussed above, as at January 31, 2021, $22,622 million (October 31, 2020: $19,925 million) of our outstanding liabilities were subject to conversion under the bail-in regime. Under the bail-in regime there is no fixed and pre-determined contractual conversion ratio for the conversion of the specified eligible shares and liabilities of CIBC that are subject to a bail-in conversion into common shares, nor are there specific requirements regarding whether liabilities subject to a bail-in conversion are converted into common shares of CIBC or any of its affiliates. Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC) determines the timing of the bail-in conversion, the portion of the specified eligible shares and liabilities to be converted and the terms and conditions of the conversion, subject to parameters set out in the bail-in regime. See the “Total loss absorbing capacity requirements” section for further details.

 

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Global systemically important banks – public disclosure requirements

The BCBS paper “Global systemically important banks: updated assessment methodology and the higher loss absorbency requirement” dated July 3, 2013 describes the annual assessment methodology and the 12 indicators used to identify global systemically important banks (G-SIBs). The document also provides annual public disclosure requirements applicable to large globally active banks.

In March 2014, OSFI published an Advisory on the implementation of the G-SIB public disclosure requirements in Canada. Federally regulated banks, including CIBC, which have not been identified as G-SIBs, and have leverage ratio exposure measures greater than the equivalent of 200 billion at year-end, are required to publicly disclose at a minimum the 12 indicators (in Canadian equivalent values) annually. The indicators are calculated based on specific instructions issued by the BCBS, which are updated annually. As a result, values may not be directly comparable against other measures disclosed in this report. The following table provides the 12 indicators used in the BCBS assessment methodology to identify G-SIBs:

 

$ thousands, as at October 31    2020      2019  
Section         Indicators                

A.     Cross-jurisdictional activity

   1.   Cross-jurisdictional claims    $ 202,927,443      $ 171,547,163  
     2.   Cross-jurisdictional liabilities      192,443,219        170,609,561  

B.     Size

   3.   Total exposures as defined for use in the leverage ratio (1)    $ 847,137,806      $ 722,260,507  

C.     Interconnectedness

   4.   Intra-financial system assets    $ 59,736,081      $ 55,180,978  
   5.   Intra-financial system liabilities      45,553,165        34,198,618  
     6.   Securities outstanding      168,533,444        173,111,702  

D.     Substitutability/financial institution infrastructure

   7.   Payments activity    $     17,709,722,200      $     15,818,619,512  
   8.   Assets under custody      1,886,628,000        1,943,784,000  
     9.   Underwritten transactions in debt and equity markets      74,473,634        50,889,244  

E.     Complexity

   10.   Notional amount of over-the-counter derivatives    $ 5,557,139,266      $ 5,333,289,112  
   11.   Trading and other securities      27,120,512        22,344,685  
     12.   Level 3 assets      1,399,544        1,737,213  
(1)

The calculation of this measure for the purposes of the G-SIB indicator disclosures excludes regulatory adjustments related to capital deductions, as well as the temporary OSFI exemption for exposures arising from central bank reserves and sovereign-issued securities that qualify as high quality liquid assets.

Changes in G-SIB measures

Changes in measures compared with 2019 primarily reflect normal changes in business activity and movement in foreign exchange rates.

A. Cross-jurisdictional activity

The objective of this section is to measure a bank’s global footprint – i.e., the importance of a bank’s activities outside its home jurisdiction. The concept underlying this section is that the global impact of a bank’s distress or failure varies in line with its share of cross-jurisdictional assets and liabilities.

B. Size

Size is a key measure of a bank’s systemic importance as a bank’s distress or failure is more likely to damage the global economy or financial markets if its activities comprise a large share of global activity.

C. Interconnectedness

Financial distress at one institution can materially increase the likelihood of distress at other institutions given the network of contractual obligations in which these firms operate. A bank’s systemic impact is likely to be positively related to its interconnectedness with other financial institutions.

D. Substitutability/financial institution infrastructure

The objective of this section is to measure the extent to which a bank provides financial institution infrastructure. The concept underlying this section is that the greater a bank’s role in a particular business line, or as a service provider in underlying market infrastructure (e.g., payment systems), the larger the disruption will likely be in the event of its failure, in terms of both service gaps (including the cost to a failed bank’s clients of having to seek the same service from another bank) and reduced flow of market and infrastructure liquidity.

E. Complexity

The systemic impact of a bank’s distress or failure is expected to be positively related to its overall complexity – i.e., its business, structural and operational complexity. The more complex a bank is, the greater the costs and time needed to resolve the bank.

Future revisions to G-SIBs – public disclosure requirements

On July 5, 2018, the BCBS issued “Global systemically important banks: revised assessment methodology and the higher loss absorbency requirement” as a result of the first review of the G-SIB framework. The revised assessment methodology was to be effective by the 2021 G-SIB assessment. As part of the measures announced by the BCBS in response to COVID-19, the effective date for the revised assessment methodology has been deferred by one year and will now be effective for the 2022 G-SIB assessment.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

We enter into off-balance sheet arrangements in the normal course of our business. Details of our off-balance sheet arrangements are provided on page 41 of our 2020 Annual Report and also in Note 7 and Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report.

 

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Management of risk

Our approach to management of risk has not changed significantly from that described on pages 43 to 82 of our 2020 Annual Report.

Risk overview

CIBC faces a wide variety of risks across all of its areas of business. Identifying and understanding risks and their impact allows CIBC to frame its risk appetite and risk management practices. Defining acceptable levels of risk, and establishing sound principles, policies and practices for managing risks, is fundamental to achieving consistent and sustainable long-term performance, while remaining within our risk appetite.

 

Our risk appetite defines tolerance levels for various risks. This is the foundation for our risk management culture and our risk management framework.

Our risk management framework includes:

 

CIBC, SBU and functional group-level risk appetite statements;

 

Risk frameworks, policies, procedures and limits to align activities with our risk appetite;

 

Regular risk reports to identify and communicate risk levels;

 

An independent control framework to identify and test the design and operating effectiveness of our key controls;

 

Stress testing to consider the potential impact of changes in the business environment on capital, liquidity and earnings;

 

Proactive consideration of risk mitigation options in order to optimize results; and

 

Oversight through our risk-focused committees and governance structure.

Managing risk is a shared responsibility at CIBC. Business units and risk management professionals work in collaboration to ensure that business strategies and activities are consistent with our risk appetite. CIBC’s approach to enterprise-wide risk management aligns with the three lines of defence model:

(i)

As the first line of defence, CIBC’s SBUs and functional groups own the risks and are accountable and responsible for identifying and assessing risks inherent in their activities in accordance with the CIBC risk appetite. In addition, they establish and maintain controls to mitigate such risks. The first line of defence may include governance groups within the relevant area to facilitate the control framework and other risk-related processes. Control groups provide subject matter expertise to the business lines and/or implement and maintain enterprise-wide control programs and activities. While control groups collaborate with the lines of business in identifying and managing risk, they also challenge risk decisions and risk mitigation strategies.

(ii)

The second line of defence is independent from the first line of defence and provides an enterprise-wide view of specific risk types, guidance and effective challenge to risk and control activities. Risk Management is the primary second line of defence. Risk Management may leverage or rely on subject matter expertise of other groups (e.g., third parties or control groups) to better inform their independent assessments, as appropriate.

(iii)

As the third line of defence, CIBC’s internal audit function provides reasonable assurance to senior management and the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors (the Board) on the effectiveness of CIBC’s governance practices, risk management processes, and internal controls as a part of its risk-based audit plan and in accordance with its mandate as described in the Internal Audit Charter.

A strong risk culture and communication between the three lines of defence are important characteristics of effective risk management.

We continuously monitor our risk profile against our defined risk appetite and related limits, taking action as needed to maintain an appropriate balance of risk and return. Monitoring our risk profile includes forward-looking analysis of sensitivity to local and global market factors, economic conditions, and geo-political and regulatory environments that influence our overall risk profile.

Regular and transparent risk reporting and discussion at senior management committees facilitates communication of risks and discussion of risk management strategies across the organization.

Top and emerging risks

We monitor and review top and emerging risks that may affect our future results and take action to mitigate potential risks. We perform in-depth analyses, which can include stress testing our exposures relative to the risks, and provide updates and related developments to the Board on a regular basis. Top and emerging risks are those that we consider to have potential negative implications that are material for CIBC. See pages 50 to 53 of our 2020 Annual Report for details regarding the following top and emerging risks:

 

 

Canadian consumer debt and the housing market

 

Disintermediation risk

 

Anti-money laundering

 

U.S. banking regulation

 

Technology, information and cyber security risk

 

Third party risk

 

Climate risk

 

Corporate transactions

The remainder of this section describes top and emerging risks that have been updated for developments that have occurred since the issuance of our 2020 Annual Report, as well as regulatory and accounting developments that are material for CIBC.

 

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Pandemic outbreaks

The COVID-19 pandemic and the restrictions imposed by governments around the world to limit its impact have disrupted the global economy, financial markets, supply chains and business productivity in unprecedented and unpredictable ways, and have limited economic activity in Canada, the U.S. and other regions where we operate. While measures to slow the spread of infection, including lockdowns, have negatively impacted economic activity and our short term expectations, our medium term outlook is supported by the assumption that the rollout of mass vaccination programs over the spring and summer will be able to effectively control the spread of the virus, including the emerging variants. As a result, we expect a slow recovery in the first half of 2021, accelerating thereafter although not returning to pre-pandemic levels until 2022.

We are closely monitoring the evolving impacts of the pandemic. COVID-19 has adversely affected our business and uncertainty remains as to the full impact of COVID-19 on the global economy, financial markets, and our business, results of operations, reputation and financial condition, including our regulatory capital, liquidity positions and our ability to meet regulatory and other requirements. The ultimate impacts will depend on future developments that are highly uncertain, such as the scope, severity and duration of the pandemic, including the ongoing fallout from the current wave, subsequent resurgences of infection including from new variants, actions taken by governments, monetary authorities, regulators, financial institutions and other third parties in response to subsequent waves, the extent of physical distancing measures, as well as business closures and travel restrictions mandated by governments. The development of vaccines and their rollout has created positive momentum for the latter part of the year, although this is likely to be tempered by growth in the number of cases, uncertainty about how quickly a large enough majority of the population can be effectively immunized to reduce rates of infection including in response to new variants of the disease and further government restrictions, such as lockdowns.

A substantial amount of our business involves extending credit or otherwise providing financial resources to individuals, companies, industries or governments that have likely been adversely impacted by the pandemic, hindering their ability to meet original loan terms and potentially impacting their ability to repay their loans. While our estimate of ECL on performing loans considers the likelihood and extent of future defaults and impairments, given the inherent uncertainty caused by COVID-19, actual experience may differ materially from our current estimates. To the extent that business activity does not increase in line with our expectations due to the impact of the current and subsequent waves, or if unemployment continues to rise and clients default on loans beyond our current expectations, we may recognize further credit losses beyond those reflected in the current quarter’s expected credit losses. The effectiveness of various government support programs in place for individuals and businesses as well as the timing of the rollout of vaccines also impacts our expectations. Similarly, because of changing economic and market conditions, we may be required to recognize losses, impairments, or reductions in other comprehensive income (OCI) in future periods relating to other assets that we hold.

Net interest income is significantly impacted by market interest rates. Interest rate cuts by the Bank of Canada and the U.S. Federal Reserve in response to COVID-19 have negatively impacted our net interest income. The overall effect of lower, or potentially negative, interest rates cannot be predicted and depends on future actions that the Bank of Canada and the U.S. Federal Reserve may take to increase or reduce targeted rates in response to COVID-19 or other factors.

We have taken multiple steps to support our clients through these challenging times (see the “CIBC client relief programs in response to COVID-19” section for further details). Governments, monetary authorities, regulators and financial institutions have also taken actions to support the economy, increase liquidity, mitigate unemployment, provide temporary financial assistance and regulatory flexibility, and implement other measures intended to mitigate or counterbalance the adverse economic consequences of the pandemic. We continue to work with regulators and governments across the jurisdictions in which we operate to support and facilitate government programs assisting our clients. The unprecedented nature, scope and speed of these actions, while essential to mitigate the economic damage of the crisis, present additional risks for CIBC.

We continue to adapt our operating model due to the resurgence of COVID-19 cases, with a focus on the continued safety of our team members, especially those working on-site. Our response is evolving based on the perspective of governments and public health authorities on necessary measures to help slow the spread. As the infection rate rises in our surrounding communities, consistent monitoring and application of our Health & Safety protocols continue, in line with government and public health authorities’ guidelines. The possibility of widespread illness amongst our clients and team members poses additional business and operational risk, and we continue to prioritize the health and safety of our clients and team members while meeting our clients’ needs. Remote work arrangements continue to be in place where possible, and we anticipate that they will continue at least throughout the next quarter.

Overall, our organization has adapted well. Relevant operational risk metrics continue to track at an acceptable level, while uncertainty remains around the operational impact of the prolonged pandemic. Operational resilience and sustainability remain our key areas of focus. We will continue to monitor our risk posture and trends to ensure operational risks are managed appropriately and in a timely manner.

If the COVID-19 pandemic is prolonged beyond our expectations, in part based on countries’ abilities to effectively distribute mass produced vaccines, or further variants emerge that give rise to similar effects that vaccines are not able to effectively mitigate in a timely manner, the adverse impact on the economy could deepen and result in further volatility and declines in financial markets. Moreover, it remains uncertain how the macroeconomic environment, societal and business norms will be impacted following this pandemic. Unexpected developments in financial markets, regulatory environments, or consumer behaviour and confidence may have adverse impacts on our business, results of operations, reputation and financial condition, and our ability to achieve previously announced target and performance objectives for a substantial period of time.

Commodity prices

Over the past year, we have observed high volatility and historic lows in the price of crude oil driven by excess supply owing to a price war and constrained global activity impacting demand as the COVID-19 pandemic took hold. In recent months, we have seen a recovery, as the price of oil rose above $50 per barrel, reflecting expectations of a return to economic growth as vaccination programs are rolled out and lockdown restrictions are lifted, along with a commitment from producers to restrict output. However, future price volatility remains a concern as considerable uncertainty remains associated with the pandemic recovery and the ongoing cooperation of the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Saudi Arabia and Russia. The cancellation of the Keystone XL pipeline also served as further evidence of the commitment to green energy policies by the new White House administration in the U.S. Clients in our oil and gas portfolio continue to be assessed on the basis of our enhanced risk metrics that reflect the current environment, and our portfolio is monitored in a prudent manner. In the precious metal market we have observed large moves in the price of silver at the end of January (which broke $30 an ounce for the first time since 2013), a rally largely attributed to retail behaviour. While the precious metal market is robust with considerable liquidity, unprecedented volatility or trade volumes could place strain on the physical infrastructure underpinning this market for settlement and delivery of metal. We continue to closely monitor our overall commodity exposure in these volatile markets.

 

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Geo-political risk

The level of geo-political risk escalates at certain points in time. While the specific impact on the global economy and on global credit and capital markets would depend on the nature of the event, in general, any major event could result in instability and volatility, leading to widening spreads, declining equity valuations, flight to safe-haven currencies and increased purchases of gold. In the short run, market disruption could hurt the net income of our trading and non-trading market risk positions. Geo-political risk could reduce economic growth, and in combination with the potential impacts on commodity prices and the recent rise of protectionism, could have serious negative implications for general economic and banking activities. Current areas of concern include:

 

Global uncertainty and market repercussions pertaining to the spread of COVID-19, including concerns related to the current and subsequent waves of infection, the introduction of new variants, and the rollout of vaccines;

 

Ongoing U.S. and China relations and trade issues;

 

Diplomatic tensions and the trade dispute between Canada and China;

 

Implications of the U.S. “Buy American” policy;

 

Relations between the U.S. and Iran;

 

Anti-government protests in Hong Kong; and

 

Next steps following the agreed-upon Brexit deal.

While it is impossible to predict where new geo-political disruption will occur, we do pay particular attention to markets and regions with existing or recent historical instability to assess the impact of these environments on the markets and businesses in which we operate.

Interbank Offered Rate (IBOR) transition

Interest rate benchmarks including the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) and other similar benchmarks, are being reformed and replaced by new risk-free rates that are largely based on traded markets. The U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) originally announced in July 2017 that it would not compel banks to submit LIBOR rates after December 2021. In November 2020, the FCA and the ICE Benchmark Administrator (IBA) announced a consultation process that may lead to an 18 month extension to June 30, 2023 for most USD LIBOR tenors with an expectation that originations of new USD LIBOR-linked products would cease after the end of 2021. We are closely monitoring the consultation process. As IBORs are widely referenced by large volumes of derivative, loan and cash products, the transition presents a number of risks to CIBC, and the industry as a whole. These transition risks include market risk (in the eventuality that new basis risks emerge), model risk, operational risk (as processes are changed or newly introduced), legal risk (as contracts are revised) and conduct risk (in ensuring clients are adequately informed/prepared). CIBC has established a comprehensive enterprise-wide program to manage and coordinate all aspects of the transition, including the identification and mitigation of these risks. See the “Other regulatory developments” section for further details.

Regulatory developments

See the “Capital management” and “Accounting and control matters” sections for additional information on regulatory developments.

Accounting developments

See the “Accounting and control matters” section and Note 1 to our interim consolidated financial statements for additional information on accounting developments.

 

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Risks arising from business activities

The chart below shows our business activities and related risk measures based upon regulatory RWA and allocated common equity as at January 31, 2021:

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Includes counterparty credit risk of $156 million, which comprises derivatives and repo-style transactions.

(2)

Includes counterparty credit risk of $16,863 million, which comprises derivatives and repo-style transactions.

(3)

Includes counterparty credit risk of $101 million, which comprises derivatives and repo-style transactions.

(4)

Represents allocated common equity relating to capital deductions, such as goodwill and intangible assets, in accordance with the rules in OSFI’s CAR Guideline.

 

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Credit risk

 

Credit risk is the risk of financial loss due to a borrower or counterparty failing to meet its obligations in accordance with contractual terms.

Credit risk arises out of the lending businesses in each of our SBUs. Other sources of credit risk consist of our trading activities, which include our over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, debt securities, and our repo-style transaction activity. In addition to losses on the default of a borrower or counterparty, unrealized gains or losses may occur due to changes in the credit spread of the counterparty, which could impact the carrying or fair value of our assets.

Exposure to credit risk

$ millions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

    

2020

Oct. 31

 

Business and government portfolios – advanced internal ratings-based approach (AIRB)

     

Drawn

   $ 245,009      $ 248,265  

Undrawn commitments

     61,775        59,379  

Repo-style transactions

     218,474        202,809  

Other off-balance sheet

     75,326        75,399  

OTC derivatives

     17,779        18,850  

Gross exposure at default (EAD) on business and government portfolios

     618,363        604,702  

Less: Collateral held for repo-style transactions

     201,608        187,832  

Net EAD on business and government portfolios

     416,755        416,870  

Retail portfolios – AIRB approach

     

Drawn

     270,023        265,097  

Undrawn commitments

     88,511        87,294  

Other off-balance sheet

     272        306  

Gross EAD on retail portfolios

     358,806        352,697  

Standardized portfolios (1)

     80,252        79,350  

Securitization exposures – AIRB approach

     10,146        12,276  

Gross EAD

   $     1,067,567      $     1,049,025  

Net EAD

   $ 865,959      $ 861,193  
(1)

Includes $69.4 billion relating to business and government loans (October 31, 2020: $69.7 billion), $6.1 billion (October 31, 2020: $6.2 billion) relating to retail portfolios, and $4.8 billion (October 31, 2020: $3.5 billion) relating to securitization exposures. Our business and government loans under the standardized approach consist of $44.3 billion (October 31, 2020: $45.7 billion) to corporates, $23.8 billion (October 31, 2020: $22.7 billion) to sovereigns, and $1.3 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.3 billion) to banks.

Forbearance policy

We employ forbearance techniques to manage client relationships and to minimize credit losses due to default, foreclosure or repossession. In certain circumstances, it may be necessary to modify a loan for reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, reducing the potential for default. Total debt restructurings are subject to our normal quarterly impairment review which considers, amongst other factors, covenants and/or payment delinquencies. Loan loss provisions are adjusted as appropriate.

In retail lending, forbearance techniques include interest capitalization, amortization amendments and debt consolidations. We have a set of eligibility criteria which allow our Client Account Management team to determine suitable remediation strategies and propose products based on each borrower’s situation.

The solutions available to corporate and commercial clients vary based on the individual nature of the client’s situation and are undertaken selectively where it has been determined that the client has or is likely to have repayment difficulties servicing its obligations. Covenants often reveal changes in the client’s financial situation before there is a change in payment behaviour and typically allow for a right to reprice or accelerate payments. Solutions may be temporary in nature or may involve other special management options.

CIBC client relief programs in response to COVID-19

We have been actively engaged in lending activities to support our clients who are experiencing financial hardship caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Further details about the client relief programs offered are described on page 62 of our 2020 Annual Report and in Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report. The number of clients under these payment deferral programs was considerably lower as at January 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020 relative to the second and third quarters of 2020. As at January 31, 2021, the gross outstanding balance of loans for which CIBC provided payment deferrals was nil for credit cards in Canada (October 31, 2020: nil, July 31, 2020: less than $10 million); $0.7 billion for residential mortgages in Canada (October 31, 2020: $2.7 billion, July 31, 2020: $33.3 billion); $0.1 billion for personal loans in Canada (October 31, 2020: $0.3 billion, July 31, 2020: $0.8 billion); $0.2 billion for various consumer loans in the Caribbean (October 31, 2020: $0.3 billion, July 31, 2020: $1.4 billion); and $1.6 billion for business and government loans (October 31, 2020: $2.5 billion, July 31, 2020: $6.2 billion), including $0.2 billion in Canada (October 31, 2020: $0.5 billion, July 31, 2020: $2.4 billion), $0.4 billion in the United States (October 31, 2020: $0.5 billion, July 31, 2020: $1.6 billion) and $1.0 billion in the Caribbean (October 31, 2020: $1.5 billion, July 31, 2020: $2.2 billion). Of the loans that were under payment deferrals as at January 31, 2021, the gross outstanding balance of loans that received an extension of an initial deferral or are in the process of being provided an extension was $1.4 billion.

Government lending programs in response to COVID-19

During 2020, CIBC was engaged in a number of Government of Canada lending programs, including the Canada Emergency Business Account (CEBA) program and the Business Credit Availability Program (BCAP), that were introduced to improve access to credit and financing for Canadian businesses facing operational cash flow and liquidity challenges during the period of significant uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the U.S. federal government introduced government-backed loans and other funding programs for small and medium-sized businesses, including the U.S. Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) under the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). Further details about the programs are described on page 62 of our 2020 Annual Report and in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report. As at January 31, 2021, loans of $3.9 billion (October 31, 2020: $2.9 billion) have been provided to our clients under the CEBA, which are accounted for off-balance sheet. In addition, funded loans outstanding on our consolidated balance sheet under the BCAP program were $0.2 billion (October 31, 2020: $0.2 billion), while loans outstanding under the PPP in the U.S. were US$1.7 billion (October 31, 2020: US$1.9 billion).

 

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On January 26, 2021, the Government of Canada launched the HASCAP, which is a new loan program that is 100% guaranteed by the BDC and is available to small and medium-sized businesses that have been hardest hit by the pandemic. Application by eligible businesses commenced on February 1, 2021. Loans provided by CIBC under the HASCAP will be recognized on our consolidated balance sheet when funded.

Real estate secured personal lending

Real estate secured personal lending comprises residential mortgages, and personal loans and lines secured by residential property. This portfolio is low risk, as we have a first charge on the majority of the properties and a second lien on only a small portion of the portfolio. We use the same lending criteria in the adjudication of both first lien and second lien loans.

The following table provides details on our residential mortgage and home equity line of credit (HELOC) portfolios:

 

    Residential mortgages (1)            HELOC (2)            Total  
$ billions, as at January 31, 2021   Insured      Uninsured             Uninsured             Insured      Uninsured  

Ontario (3)

  $ 28.0        24  %     $ 87.3        76  %       $ 10.1        100  %       $ 28.0        22  %     $ 97.4        78  % 

British Columbia and territories (4)

    9.7        22        34.4        78          3.9        100          9.7        20        38.3        80  

Alberta

    13.4        52        12.4        48          2.3        100          13.4        48        14.7        52  

Quebec

    5.8        35        10.7        65          1.2        100          5.8        33        11.9        67  

Central prairie provinces (5)

    3.6        49        3.8        51          0.7        100          3.6        44        4.5        56  

Atlantic provinces (6)

    4.0        48        4.4        52                0.7        100                4.0        44        5.1        56  

Canadian portfolio (7)(8)

    64.5        30        153.0        70          18.9        100          64.5        27        171.9        73  

U.S. portfolio (7)

                  2.0        100          0.1        100                        2.1        100  

Other international portfolio (7)

                  2.3        100                                                    2.3        100  

Total portfolio

  $ 64.5        29  %     $ 157.3        71  %             $ 19.0        100  %             $ 64.5        27  %     $ 176.3        73  % 

October 31, 2020

  $     67.0        31  %     $     149.0        69  %             $     19.6        100  %             $     67.0        28  %     $     168.6        72  % 
(1)

Balances reflect principal values.

(2)

We did not have any insured HELOCs as at January 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020.

(3)

Includes $13.1 billion (October 31, 2020: $13.8 billion) of insured residential mortgages, $56.3 billion (October 31, 2020: $53.4 billion) of uninsured residential mortgages, and $5.9 billion (October 31, 2020: $6.1 billion) of HELOCs in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA).

(4)

Includes $4.3 billion (October 31, 2020: $4.5 billion) of insured residential mortgages, $23.8 billion (October 31, 2020: $22.9 billion) of uninsured residential mortgages, and $2.5 billion (October 31, 2020: $2.5 billion) of HELOCs in the Greater Vancouver Area (GVA).

(5)

Includes $1.7 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.8 billion) of insured residential mortgages, $1.8 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.7 billion) of uninsured residential mortgages, and $0.4 billion (October 31, 2020: $0.4 billion) of HELOCs in Saskatchewan.

(6)

Includes $1.2 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.3 billion) of insured residential mortgages, $1.4 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.4 billion) of uninsured residential mortgages, and $0.2 billion (October 31, 2020: $0.2 billion) of HELOCs in Newfoundland and Labrador.

(7)

Geographic location is based on the address of the property.

(8)

70% (October 31, 2020: 71%) of insurance on Canadian residential mortgages is provided by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) and the remaining by two private Canadian insurers, both rated at least AA (low) by DBRS Limited (DBRS).

The average loan-to-value (LTV) ratios(1) for our uninsured residential mortgages and HELOCs originated and acquired during the quarter ended January 31, 2021 are provided in the following table.

 

    

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 
For the three months ended    Residential
mortgages
    HELOC     Residential
mortgages
    HELOC     Residential
mortgages
    HELOC  

Ontario (2)

     63  %      68  %      63  %      68  %      63  %      67  % 

British Columbia and territories (3)

     59       66       60       65       60       64  

Alberta

     66       73       68       73       68       72  

Quebec

     68       74       68       73       68       72  

Central prairie provinces

     68       75       68       74       69       73  

Atlantic provinces

     68       75       71       74       72       73  

Canadian portfolio (4)

     63  %      69  %      63  %      68  %      64  %      68  % 

U.S. portfolio (4)

     63  %      63  %      67  %      62  %      65  %      61  % 

Other international portfolio (4)

     76  %      n/m       75  %      n/m       70  %      n/m  
(1)

LTV ratios for newly originated residential mortgages and HELOCs are calculated based on weighted average.

(2)

Average LTV ratios for our uninsured GTA residential mortgages originated during the quarter were 63% (October 31, 2020: 62%; January 31, 2020: 61%).

(3)

Average LTV ratios for our uninsured GVA residential mortgages originated during the quarter were 57% (October 31, 2020: 58%; January 31, 2020: 57%).

(4)

Geographic location is based on the address of the property.

n/m

Not meaningful.

The following table provides the average LTV ratios on our total Canadian residential mortgage portfolio:

 

      Insured     Uninsured  

January 31, 2021 (1)(2)

     55  %      52  % 

October 31, 2020 (1)(2)

     55  %      52  % 
(1)

LTV ratios for residential mortgages are calculated based on weighted average. The house price estimates for January 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020 are based on the Forward Sortation Area level indices from the Teranet – National Bank National Composite House Price Index (Teranet) as of December 31, 2020 and September 30, 2020, respectively. Teranet is an independent estimate of the rate of change in Canadian home prices.

(2)

Average LTV ratio on our uninsured GTA residential mortgage portfolio was 49% (October 31, 2020: 48%). Average LTV ratio on our uninsured GVA residential mortgage portfolio was 46% (October 31, 2020: 46%).

 

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The tables below summarize the remaining amortization profile of our total Canadian, U.S. and other international residential mortgages. The first table provides the remaining amortization periods based on the minimum contractual payment amounts. The second table provides the remaining amortization periods based upon current customer payment amounts, which incorporate payments other than the minimum contractual amount and/or a different frequency of payments.

Contractual payment basis

     

0–5

years

    

>5–10

years

    

>10–15

years

     >15–20
years
     >20–25
years
     >25–30
years
     >30–35
years
     >35
years
 

Canadian portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

      %        %       2  %       7  %       55  %       36  %        %        % 

October 31, 2020

      %       1  %       2  %       7  %       54  %       36  %        %        % 

U.S. portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

      %       1  %       1  %       1  %       9  %       88  %        %        % 

October 31, 2020

      %       1  %       1  %       1  %       8  %       89  %        %        % 

Other international portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

     12  %       15  %       22  %       23  %       18  %       10  %        %        % 

October 31, 2020

     11  %       15  %       23  %       23  %       18  %       10  %        %        % 

Current customer payment basis

      0–5
years
     >5–10
years
     >10–15
years
     >15–20
years
     >20–25
years
     >25–30
years
     >30–35
years
     >35
years
 

Canadian portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

     2  %       4  %       7  %       18  %       44  %       25  %        %        % 

October 31, 2020

     2  %       4  %       7  %       18  %       44  %       25  %        %        % 

U.S. portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

     1  %       4  %       7  %       10  %       9  %       69  %        %        % 

October 31, 2020

     2  %       3  %       7  %       10  %       10  %       68  %        %        % 

Other international portfolio

                       

January 31, 2021

     7  %       13  %       22  %       23  %       19  %       15  %       1  %       1  % 

October 31, 2020

     7  %       13  %       22  %       23  %       19  %       14  %       2  %        % 

We have two types of condominium exposures in Canada: mortgages and developer loans. Both are primarily concentrated in the Toronto and Vancouver areas. As at January 31, 2021, our Canadian condominium mortgages were $29.5 billion (October 31, 2020: $28.1 billion) of which 29% (October 31, 2020: 31%) were insured. Our drawn developer loans were $1.5 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.4 billion) or 1.0% (October 31, 2020: 1.0%) of our business and government portfolio, and our related undrawn exposure was $4.1 billion (October 31, 2020: $4.5 billion). The condominium developer exposure is diversified across 101 projects.

We stress test our mortgage and HELOC portfolio to determine the potential impact of different economic events. Our stress tests can use variables such as unemployment rates, debt service ratios and housing price changes, to model potential outcomes for a given set of circumstances. The stress testing involves variables that could behave differently in certain situations. Our main tests use economic variables in a similar range or more conservative to historical events when Canada experienced economic downturns. Our results show that in an economic downturn, our strong capital position should be sufficient to absorb mortgage and HELOC losses.

 

Trading credit exposure

We have trading credit exposure (also called counterparty credit exposure) that arises from our OTC derivatives and our repo-style transactions. The nature of our derivatives exposure and how it is mitigated is described in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report. Our repo-style transactions consist of our securities bought or sold under repurchase agreements, and our securities borrowing and lending activity.

The following table shows the rating profile of OTC derivative mark-to-market (MTM) receivables:

 

$ billions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

    

2020

Oct. 31(1)

 
     Exposure (2)  

Investment grade

   $ 7.77        76.3  %     $ 7.45        74.8  % 

Non-investment grade

     2.25        22.1        2.40        24.1  

Watch list

     0.15        1.5        0.10        1.0  

Default

     0.01        0.1        0.01        0.1  
     $     10.18        100.0  %     $     9.96        100.0  % 
(1)

Restated from amounts previously presented.

(2)

MTM of OTC derivative contracts is after the impact of master netting agreements, but before any collateral.

 

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Impaired loans

The following table provides details of our impaired loans and allowance for credit losses:

 

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 
     Business and
government
loans
    Consumer
loans
    Total     Business and
government
loans
    Consumer
loans
    Total     Business and
government
loans
    Consumer
loans
    Total  

Gross impaired loans

                 

Balance at beginning of period

  $     1,359     $     990     $     2,349     $     1,443     $     1,140     $     2,583     $     911     $     955     $     1,866  

Classified as impaired during the period

    407       433       840       328       357       685       144       525       669  

Transferred to performing during the period

    (68     (201     (269     (56     (260     (316     (10     (105     (115

Net repayments

    (126     (84     (210     (299     (97     (396     (100     (152     (252

Amounts written off

    (70     (150     (220     (54     (149     (203     (40     (229     (269

Recoveries of loans and advances previously written off

                                                     

Disposals of loans

                                                     

Purchased credit-impaired loans

                                                     

Foreign exchange and other

    (26     (9     (35     (3     (1     (4     2       1       3  

Balance at end of period

  $ 1,476     $ 979     $ 2,455     $ 1,359     $ 990     $ 2,349     $ 907     $ 995     $ 1,902  

Allowance for credit losses – impaired loans

                 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 650     $ 264     $ 914     $ 612     $ 296     $ 908     $ 376     $ 268     $ 644  

Amounts written off

    (70     (150     (220     (54     (149     (203     (40     (229     (269

Recoveries of amounts written off in previous periods

    3       45       48       1       46       47       3       49       52  

Charge to income statement (1)

    121       117       238       100       78       178       58       186       244  

Interest accrued on impaired loans

    (6     (5     (11     (7     (6     (13     (5     (6     (11

Disposals of loans

                                                     

Transfers

                                                     

Foreign exchange and other

    (12     (5     (17     (2     (1     (3     (1     (1     (2

Balance at end of period

  $ 686     $ 266     $ 952     $ 650     $ 264     $ 914     $ 391     $ 267     $ 658  

Net impaired loans (2)

                 

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 709     $ 726     $ 1,435     $ 831     $ 844     $ 1,675     $ 535     $ 687     $ 1,222  

Net change in gross impaired

    117       (11     106       (84     (150     (234     (4     40       36  

Net change in allowance

    (36     (2     (38     (38     32       (6     (15     1       (14

Balance at end of period

  $ 790     $ 713     $ 1,503     $ 709     $ 726     $ 1,435     $ 516     $ 728     $ 1,244  

Net impaired loans as a percentage of net loans and acceptances

                    0.36  %                      0.34  %                      0.31  % 
(1)

Excludes provision for credit losses on impaired undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures.

(2)

Net impaired loans are gross impaired loans net of stage 3 allowance for credit losses.

Gross impaired loans

As at January 31, 2021, gross impaired loans were $2,455 million, up $553 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to increases in the real estate and construction, oil and gas, retail and wholesale, and education, health and social services sectors.

Gross impaired loans were up $106 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to increases in the real estate and construction, education, health and social services sectors, partially offset by a decrease in the oil and gas and business services sectors, the impact of foreign exchange translation and a decrease in the Canadian residential mortgages portfolio.

57% of gross impaired loans related to Canada, of which the residential mortgages and personal lending portfolios, as well as the retail and wholesale, and business services sectors accounted for the majority.

28% of gross impaired loans related to the U.S., of which the real estate and construction, oil and gas, and business services sectors accounted for the majority.

The remaining gross impaired loans related to CIBC FirstCaribbean, of which the residential mortgages and personal lending portfolios, and real estate and construction sector accounted for the majority.

Allowance for credit losses – impaired loans

Allowance for credit losses on impaired loans was $952 million, up $294 million from the same quarter last year, primarily due to increases in the real estate and construction, oil and gas, retail and wholesale, and business services sectors.

Allowance for credit losses on impaired loans was up $38 million from the prior quarter, primarily due to increases in the real estate and construction, and utilities sectors, partially offset by a decrease in the capital goods manufacturing sector and the impact of foreign exchange translation.

 

Loans contractually past due but not impaired

This comprises loans where repayment of principal or payment of interest is contractually in arrears. The following table provides an aging analysis of the contractually past due loans. Most risk rated business and government loans that were contractually past due at the time relief was provided pursuant to payment deferral programs were presented in the aging category that applied at the time deferrals were granted during the period of the deferral. Other business and government loans, credit cards, personal loans and residential mortgages that were subject to a payment deferral program were generally presented in the aging category that applied as at March 31, 2020 during the period of the deferral, which approximated the time when the majority of the deferrals were granted, except that Canadian residential mortgages and certain secured personal loans that were less than 29 days past due at that time were treated as current. Loans that have exited a deferral program generally continue to age based on the status that was applied at the beginning of the program to the extent a payment has not been made.

 

$ millions, as at                            2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 
      Less than
31 days
    

31 to

90 days

    

Over

90 days

     Total      Total  

Residential mortgages

   $ 3,281      $ 1,112      $ 1      $ 4,394      $ 4,510  

Personal

     685        194               879        830  

Credit card

     436        164        178        778        806  

Business and government

     2,056        302               2,358        2,135  
     $     6,458      $     1,772      $     179      $     8,409      $     8,281  

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     25  


Table of Contents

Oil and gas exposure

The following table provides a breakdown of our exposure to the oil and gas industry under the AIRB approach. Of these exposures, 67% are investment grade as at January 31, 2021 based on our internal risk rating, which incorporates security pledged (equivalent to Standard & Poor’s (S&P)/Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (Moody’s) rating of BBB-/Baa3 or higher).

 

$ millions, as at January 31, 2021    Drawn      Undrawn
commitments
     Other off-
balance sheet
     OTC
derivatives
     Total (1)  

Exploration and production

   $ 4,359      $ 2,920      $ 318      $ 1,234      $ 8,831  

Midstream

     1,899        3,123        32        307        5,361  

Integrated

     218        1,697        282        453        2,650  

Petroleum distribution

     1,730        925        111        110        2,876  

Oil and gas services

     340        207        11        7        565  

Downstream

     548        263        31               842  
     $ 9,094      $ 9,135      $ 785      $ 2,111      $ 21,125  

October 31, 2020

   $     9,649      $     8,532      $     1,039      $     2,305      $     21,525  
(1)

Oil and gas exposures under the standardized approach are not significant.

In addition, we have $40.0 billion (October 31, 2020: $40.0 billion) of retail exposure in the provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Newfoundland and Labrador, which together are responsible for the vast majority of Canada’s oil production.

Exposure to certain countries and regions

Europe

The following table provides our exposure to European countries, both within and outside the Eurozone.

Our direct exposures presented in the tables below comprise (A) funded – on-balance sheet loans (stated at amortized cost net of stage 3 allowance for credit losses, if any), deposits with banks (stated at amortized cost net of stage 3 allowance for credit losses, if any) and securities (stated at carrying value); (B) unfunded – unutilized credit commitments, letters of credit, and guarantees (stated at notional amount net of stage 3 allowance for credit losses, if any); and (C) derivative MTM receivables (stated at fair value) and repo-style transactions (stated at fair value).

Of our total direct exposures to Europe, approximately 43% (October 31, 2020: 47%) is to entities in countries with Aaa/AAA ratings from at least one of Moody’s or S&P.

The following table provides a summary of our positions in this business:

 

Direct exposures

 

    Funded         Unfunded        
Derivative MTM receivables
and repo-style transactions (1)

 
 
$ millions, as at January 31, 2021   Corporate     Sovereign     Banks     Total
funded
(A)
           Corporate     Banks     Total
unfunded
(B)
           Corporate     Sovereign     Banks     Net
exposure
(C)
    Total direct
exposure
(A)+(B)+(C)
 

Austria

  $     $ 571     $ 318     $ 889       $     $     $       $     $     $ 2     $ 2     $ 891  

Finland

    59             445       504         119       8       127                     14       14       645  

France

    36       43       51       130         256       47       303               6       2       8       441  

Germany

    397       1,221       746       2,364         205       105       310         47             21       68       2,742  

Greece

    1                   1                                                     1  

Ireland

    129             134       263         152             152         12             139       151       566  

Luxembourg

    134             1,845       1,979         91       100       191         7             46       53       2,223  

Netherlands

    364       469       158       991         266       229       495         28             1       29       1,515  

Norway

    228       397       201       826         595             595               4             4       1,425  

Spain

    1             7       8               27       27                     13       13       48  

Sweden

    398       950       168       1,516         175             175         25             4       29       1,720  

Switzerland

    282             59       341         52             52         4             110       114       507  

United Kingdom

    2,325       1,946       1,597       5,868         3,323       315       3,638         584       16       432       1,032       10,538  

Other European countries

    65       26       233       324               13       94       107                     83       5       88       519  

Total Europe

  $ 4,419     $ 5,623     $ 5,962     $ 16,004             $ 5,247     $ 925     $ 6,172             $ 707     $ 109     $ 789     $ 1,605     $ 23,781  

October 31, 2020

  $     4,275     $     3,598     $     5,157     $     13,030             $     5,063     $     968     $     6,031             $     788     $     92     $     835     $     1,715     $     20,776  
(1)

The amounts shown are net of credit valuation adjustments and collateral. Collateral on derivative MTM receivables was $1.9 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.8 billion), collateral on repo-style transactions was $30.5 billion (October 31, 2020: $30.3 billion), and both comprise cash and investment grade debt securities.

We have $1,953 million (October 31, 2020: $639 million) of indirect exposure to European entities, as we hold debt or equity securities issued by European entities as collateral for our derivatives transactions and securities borrowing and lending activity from counterparties that are not in Europe.

Selected exposure in certain activities

In response to the recommendations of the Financial Stability Board, this section provides information on a selected activity within our continuing and exited businesses that may be of particular interest to investors based on the risk characteristics and the current market environment. For additional information on selected exposures, refer to page 67 of our 2020 Annual Report.

U.S. real estate lending

In our U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management SBU, we operate a full-service real estate platform. Once construction is complete, and the property is income producing, we may occasionally offer fixed-rate financing within a permanent financing program (typically with average terms of up to 10 years). This portfolio of permanent financing exposures, which is a small subset of our total U.S. real estate lending portfolio, serves as a warehouse for inclusion in future commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) programs. We retain no exposure to those CMBS programs. As at January 31, 2021, the portfolio of permanent financing exposures was $265 million (October 31, 2020: $276 million).

 

26   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

Market risk

 

Market risk is the risk of economic or financial loss in our trading and non-trading portfolios from adverse changes in underlying market factors, including interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity market prices, commodity prices, credit spreads, and customer behaviour for retail products. Market risk arises in CIBC’s trading and treasury activities, and encompasses all market related positioning and market making activity.

The trading book consists of positions in financial instruments and commodities held to meet the near-term needs of our clients.

The non-trading book consists of positions in various currencies that are related to asset/liability management and investment activities.

Risk measurement

The following table provides balances on the interim consolidated balance sheet that are subject to market risk. Certain differences between accounting and risk classifications are detailed in the footnotes below:

 

$ millions, as at                       

2021

Jan. 31

                        

2020

Oct. 31

        
          Subject to market risk (1)                 Subject to market risk (1)              
    

Consolidated
balance

sheet

    Trading    

Non-

trading

   

Not

subject to
market risk

    Consolidated
balance
sheet
    Trading    

Non-

trading

   

Not

subject to
market risk

   

Non-traded risk
primary risk

sensitivity

 

Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks

  $ 42,986     $     $ 2,475     $ 40,511     $ 43,531     $     $ 2,445     $ 41,086       Foreign exchange  

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

    20,307       72       20,235             18,987       75       18,912             Interest rate  

Securities

    150,493       50,616       99,877             149,046       45,825       103,221             Equity, interest rate  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

    11,557             11,557             8,547             8,547             Interest rate  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

    64,396             64,396             65,595             65,595             Interest rate  

Loans

                 

Residential mortgages

    226,594             226,594             221,165             221,165             Interest rate  

Personal

    41,971             41,971             42,222             42,222             Interest rate  

Credit card

    10,709             10,709             11,389             11,389             Interest rate  

Business and government

    134,863       22,529  (2)      112,334             135,546       22,643  (2)      112,903             Interest rate  

Allowance for credit losses

    (3,484           (3,484           (3,540           (3,540           Interest rate  

Derivative instruments

    34,165       32,231       1,934             32,730       31,244       1,486            
Interest rate,
foreign exchange
 
 

Customers’ liability under acceptances

    10,322             10,322             9,606             9,606             Interest rate  

Other assets

    38,029       5,437       22,747       9,845       34,727       3,364       20,613       10,750      
Interest rate, equity,
foreign exchange
 
 
    $ 782,908     $ 110,885     $ 621,667     $ 50,356     $ 769,551     $     103,151     $ 614,564     $ 51,836          

Deposits

  $ 573,927     $ 548  (3)    $ 510,037     $ 63,342     $ 570,740     $ 484  (3)    $ 510,788     $ 59,468       Interest rate  

Obligations related to securities sold short

    19,476       18,014       1,462             15,963       13,795       2,168             Interest rate  

Cash collateral on securities lent

    1,745             1,745             1,824             1,824             Interest rate  

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements

    76,522             76,522             71,653             71,653             Interest rate  

Derivative instruments

    32,158       31,087       1,071             30,508       29,436       1,072            
Interest rate,
foreign exchange
 
 

Acceptances

    10,380             10,380             9,649             9,649             Interest rate  

Other liabilities

    22,078       2,314       10,920       8,844       22,167       2,386       10,926       8,855       Interest rate  

Subordinated indebtedness

    4,693             4,693             5,712             5,712             Interest rate  
    $     740,979     $     51,963     $     616,830     $     72,186     $     728,216     $ 46,101     $     613,792     $     68,323          
(1)

Funding valuation adjustments (FVA) are excluded from trading activities for regulatory capital purposes, with related derivative hedges to these FVA also excluded.

(2)

Excludes $275 million (October 31, 2020: $291 million) of loans that are warehoused for future securitization purposes. These are considered non-trading for market risk purposes.

(3)

Comprises FVO deposits which are considered trading for market risk purposes.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     27  


Table of Contents

Trading activities

We hold positions in traded financial contracts to meet client investment and risk management needs. Trading revenue (net interest income or non-interest income) is generated from these transactions. Trading instruments are recorded at fair value and include debt and equity securities, as well as interest rate, foreign exchange, equity, commodity, and credit derivative products.

Value-at-risk

Our value-at-risk (VaR) methodology is a statistical technique that measures the potential overnight loss at a 99% confidence level. We use a full revaluation historical simulation methodology to compute VaR, stressed VaR and other risk measures.

The following three tables show VaR, stressed VaR and incremental risk charge (IRC) for our trading activities based on risk type under an internal models approach.

Average total VaR for the three months ended January 31, 2021 was up $0.5 million from the prior quarter, driven primarily by an increase in credit spread risk, partially offset by an increase in diversification benefit and a decrease in commodity risk.

Average stressed total VaR for the three months ended January 31, 2021 was up $8.9 million from the prior quarter, driven by increases in interest rate, equity and foreign exchange risks. Positioning in the trading book is the primary cause of the increase in risk. During this quarter, our stressed VaR window is from February 25, 2008 to February 20, 2009. This historical period exhibited not only increased volatility in interest rates but also increased volatility in equity prices, combined with a reduction in the level of interest rates, and an increase in credit spreads.

Average IRC for the three months ended January 31, 2021 was up $8.7 million from the prior quarter, partially due to an increase in fixed income inventory.

VaR by risk type – trading portfolio

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended                          

2021

Jan. 31

          

2020

Oct. 31

          

2020

Jan. 31

 
      High      Low      As at     Average     As at     Average     As at     Average  

Interest rate risk

   $ 9.3      $ 4.6      $ 5.2     $ 6.6     $ 7.3     $ 6.5     $ 8.8     $ 6.5  

Credit spread risk

     11.4        5.8        8.8       8.0       7.0       5.7       3.0       1.9  

Equity risk

     5.2        2.3        3.7       3.4       3.7       3.4       3.1       2.3  

Foreign exchange risk

     2.6        0.9        1.4       1.7       2.0       1.8       2.4       2.5  

Commodity risk

     6.1        1.0        3.2       3.1       2.4       3.4       1.3       2.9  

Debt specific risk

     4.6        2.2        4.1       3.2       3.0       3.2       1.9       1.9  

Diversification effect (1)

     n/m        n/m        (19.4     (18.2     (12.1     (16.7     (12.8     (12.2

Total VaR (one-day measure)

   $     13.9      $     5.1      $     7.0     $     7.8     $     13.3     $     7.3     $     7.7     $     5.8  
(1)

Total VaR is less than the sum of the VaR of the different market risk types due to risk offsets resulting from a portfolio diversification effect.

n/m

Not meaningful. It is not meaningful to compute a diversification effect because the high and low may occur on different days for different risk types.

Stressed VaR by risk type – trading portfolio

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended                          

2021

Jan. 31

          

2020

Oct. 31

          

2020

Jan. 31

 
      High      Low      As at     Average     As at     Average     As at     Average  

Interest rate risk

   $ 33.9      $ 13.0      $ 25.7     $ 24.4     $ 33.7     $ 19.2     $ 23.0     $ 27.8  

Credit spread risk

     12.6        7.8        10.2       9.8       7.1       10.9       8.8       10.0  

Equity risk

     14.0        5.1        13.6       8.9       6.9       4.0       3.0       2.2  

Foreign exchange risk

     26.5        1.9        15.7       10.7       9.1       6.7       12.0       11.1  

Commodity risk

     3.7        1.3        2.0       2.3       3.0       3.3       4.4       6.5  

Debt specific risk

     7.0        4.4        6.3       5.8       6.1       4.9       5.1       5.0  

Diversification effect (1)

     n/m        n/m        (43.5     (34.8     (35.7     (30.8     (32.4     (43.6

Stressed total VaR (one-day measure)

   $     39.9      $     15.3      $     30.0     $     27.1     $     30.2     $     18.2     $     23.9     $     19.0  
(1)

Stressed total VaR is less than the sum of the VaR of the different market risk types due to risk offsets resulting from a portfolio diversification effect.

n/m

Not meaningful. It is not meaningful to compute a diversification effect because the high and low may occur on different days for different risk types.

Incremental risk charge – trading portfolio

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended                           

2021

Jan. 31

            

2020

Oct. 31

            

2020

Jan. 31

 
      High      Low      As at      Average      As at      Average      As at      Average  

Default risk

   $ 134.1      $ 85.9      $ 130.5      $ 113.1      $ 102.6      $ 95.4      $ 153.4      $ 157.6  

Migration risk

     79.5        45.0        50.5        59.1        72.7        68.1        79.0        70.2  

IRC (one-year measure) (1)

   $     197.4      $     144.6      $     181.0      $     172.2      $     175.3      $     163.5      $     232.4      $     227.8  
(1)

High and low IRC are not equal to the sum of the constituent parts, because the highs and lows of the constituent parts may occur on different days.

 

28   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

Trading revenue

Trading revenue (TEB) comprises both trading net interest income and non-interest income and excludes underwriting fees and commissions. Trading revenue (TEB) in the chart below excludes certain exited portfolios.

The trading revenue (TEB) versus VaR graph below shows the current quarter and the three previous quarters’ daily trading revenue (TEB) against the close of business day VaR measures.

During the quarter, trading revenue (TEB) was positive for 100% of the days. The largest gain of $29.0 million occurred on December 23, 2020, and it was attributed to the business within our global markets line of business, notably in equity derivatives. Average daily trading revenue (TEB) was $8.3 million during the quarter, and the average daily TEB was $0.9 million. The large VaR increases in March and April 2020 were a result of market volatility due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Trading revenue (TEB)(1) versus VaR(2)

 

LOGO

 

(1)

Excludes certain month-end transfer pricing and other miscellaneous adjustments.

(2)

FVA are excluded from trading activities for regulatory capital purposes, with related derivative hedges to these FVA also excluded.

 

Non-trading activities

Structural interest rate risk (SIRR)

SIRR primarily consists of the risk arising due to mismatches in assets and liabilities, which do not arise from trading and trading-related businesses. The objective of SIRR management is to lock in product margins and deliver stable and predictable net interest income over time, while managing the risk to the economic value of our assets arising from changes in interest rates.

SIRR results from differences in the maturities or repricing dates of assets and liabilities, both on- and off-balance sheet, as well as from embedded optionality in retail products, and other product features that could affect the expected timing of cash flows, such as options to pre-pay loans or redeem term deposits prior to contractual maturity. A number of assumptions affecting cash flows, product re-pricing and the administration of rates underlie the models used to measure SIRR. The key assumptions pertain to the expected funding profile of mortgage rate commitments, fixed rate loan prepayment behaviour, term deposit redemption behaviour, the treatment of non-maturity deposits and equity. All assumptions are derived empirically based on historical client behaviour, balance sheet composition and product pricing with the consideration of possible forward-looking changes. All models and assumptions used to measure SIRR are subject to independent oversight by Risk Management. A variety of cash instruments and derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps, are used to manage these risks.

The following table shows the potential before-tax impact of an immediate and sustained 100 basis points increase and 25 basis points decrease in interest rates on projected 12-month net interest income and economic value of equity for our structural balance sheet, assuming no subsequent hedging. While an immediate and sustained shock of 100 basis points is typically applied, and notwithstanding the possibility of negative rates, due to the low interest rate environment in both Canada and the U.S. at the end of the quarter, an immediate downward shock of 25 basis points was applied while maintaining a floor on market and client interest rates at zero. Amounts related to the quarter ended January 31, 2020 have been revised to reflect the impact of a 25 basis point decrease in all interest rates.

Structural interest rate sensitivity – measures

 

$ millions (pre-tax), as at            2021
Jan. 31
             2020
Oct. 31
             2020
Jan. 31
 
      CAD (1)      USD      CAD (1)      USD      CAD (1)      USD  

100 basis point increase in interest rates

                 

Increase (decrease) in net interest income

   $     384      $     42      $      317      $        92      $      240      $        49  

Increase (decrease) in present value of shareholders’ equity

     (564      (365      (556      (348      (494      (299

25 basis point decrease in interest rates

                 

Increase (decrease) in net interest income

     (122      (66      (119      (42      (60      (10

Increase (decrease) in present value of shareholders’ equity

     77        40        57        49        95        58  
(1)

Includes CAD and other currency exposures.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     29  


Table of Contents

Liquidity risk

 

Liquidity risk is the risk of having insufficient cash or its equivalent in a timely and cost-effective manner to meet financial obligations as they come due. Common sources of liquidity risk inherent in banking services include unanticipated withdrawals of deposits, the inability to replace maturing debt, credit and liquidity commitments, and additional pledging or other collateral requirements.

CIBC’s approach to liquidity risk management supports our business strategy, aligns with our risk appetite and adheres to regulatory expectations.

Our management strategies, objectives and practices are regularly reviewed to align with changes to the liquidity environment, including regulatory, business and/or market developments. Liquidity risk remains within CIBC’s risk appetite.

Governance and management

We manage liquidity risk in a manner that enables us to withstand a liquidity stress event without an adverse impact on the viability of our operations. Actual and anticipated cash flows generated from on- and off-balance sheet exposures are routinely measured and monitored to ensure compliance with established limits. CIBC incorporates stress testing into its management and measurement of liquidity risk. Stress test results assist with the development of our liquidity assumptions, identification of potential constraints to funding planning, and contribute to the design of CIBC’s contingency funding plan.

The Global Asset Liability Committee (GALCO) governs CIBC’s liquidity risk management, ensuring the liquidity risk management methodologies, assumptions, and key metrics such as the Liquidity Horizon, are regularly reviewed and consider CIBC’s business activities. The Liquidity Risk Management Committee, a subcommittee of GALCO, is responsible for ensuring that CIBC’s liquidity risk profile is comprehensively measured and managed in alignment with CIBC’s strategic direction, risk appetite and regulatory requirements.

The Risk Management Committee (RMC) approves CIBC’s liquidity risk management policy and recommends liquidity risk tolerance to the Board through the risk appetite statement.

 

Liquid assets

Available liquid assets include unencumbered cash and marketable securities from on- and off-balance sheet sources that can be used to access funding in a timely fashion. Encumbered liquid assets, composed of assets pledged as collateral and those assets that are deemed restricted due to legal, operational, or other purposes, are not considered as sources of available liquidity when measuring liquidity risk.

Encumbered and unencumbered liquid assets from on- and off-balance sheet sources are summarized as follows:

 

$ millions, as at    Bank owned
liquid assets
     Securities received
as collateral
     Total liquid
assets
     Encumbered
liquid assets
    Unencumbered
liquid assets (1)
 

2021

  

Cash and deposits with banks

   $ 63,293      $      $ 63,293      $ 204     $ 63,089  

Jan. 31

  

Securities issued or guaranteed by sovereigns, central banks, and multilateral development banks

     105,645        94,159        199,804        119,303       80,501  
   Other debt securities      4,961        5,330        10,291        3,054       7,237  
   Equities      34,903        19,897        54,800        23,728       31,072  
  

Canadian government guaranteed National Housing Act mortgage-backed securities

     40,276        686        40,962        13,774       27,188  
     Other liquid assets (2)      15,019        1,914        16,933        7,470       9,463  
          $ 264,097      $ 121,986      $ 386,083      $ 167,533     $ 218,550  

2020

   Cash and deposits with banks    $ 62,518      $      $ 62,518      $ 133     $ 62,385  

Oct. 31

  

Securities issued or guaranteed by sovereigns, central banks, and multilateral development banks

     112,403        92,202        204,605        108,425       96,180  
   Other debt securities      4,798        4,288        9,086        2,603       6,483  
   Equities      27,169        15,924        43,093        21,449       21,644  
  

Canadian government guaranteed National Housing Act mortgage-backed securities

     40,592        895        41,487        13,084       28,403  
     Other liquid assets (2)      10,909        2,109        13,018        5,441       7,577  
          $     258,389      $     115,418      $     373,807      $     151,135     $     222,672  
(1)

Unencumbered liquid assets are defined as on-balance sheet assets, assets borrowed or purchased under resale agreements, and other off-balance sheet collateral received less encumbered liquid assets.

(2)

Includes cash pledged as collateral for derivatives transactions, select asset-backed securities and precious metals.

The following table summarizes unencumbered liquid assets held by CIBC (parent) and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries:

 

$ millions, as at    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 

CIBC (parent)

   $ 168,614      $ 170,936  

Domestic subsidiaries

     7,598        12,355  

Foreign subsidiaries

     42,338        39,381  
     $     218,550      $     222,672  

Asset haircuts and monetization depth assumptions under a liquidity stress scenario are applied to determine asset liquidity value. Haircuts take into consideration those margins applicable at central banks – such as the Bank of Canada and the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank – historical observations, and securities characteristics including asset type, issuer, credit ratings, currency and remaining term to maturity, as well as available regulatory guidance.

Our unencumbered liquid assets decreased by $4.1 billion since October 31, 2020, as a result of our ongoing business activities.

Furthermore, CIBC maintains access eligibility to the Bank of Canada’s Emergency Lending Assistance program and the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank’s Discount Window.

 

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Asset encumbrance

 

In the course of CIBC’s day-to-day operations, securities and other assets are pledged to secure obligations, participate in clearing and settlement systems and other collateral management purposes.

The following table provides a summary of our on- and off-balance sheet encumbered and unencumbered assets:

 

          Encumbered            Unencumbered           Total assets  
$ millions, as at    Pledged as
collateral
     Other (1)             Available as
collateral
    Other (2)                

2021

   Cash and deposits with banks    $      $ 204        $ 63,089     $       $ 63,293  

Jan. 31

   Securities      143,827        1,070          125,935               270,832  
   Loans, net of allowance (3)      7,939        40,807          32,887       329,020         410,653  
     Other assets      7,059                       4,798       70,659               82,516  
          $ 158,825      $ 42,081              $ 226,709     $ 399,679             $ 827,294  

2020

   Cash and deposits with banks    $      $ 133        $ 62,385     $       $ 62,518  

Oct. 31

   Securities      127,974        678          132,493               261,145  
   Loans, net of allowance (3)      7,946        42,291          34,103       322,441         406,781  
     Other assets      4,950                       2,731       69,382               77,063  
          $     140,870      $     43,102              $     231,712     $     391,823             $     807,507  
(1)

Includes assets supporting CIBC’s long-term funding activities and assets restricted for legal or other reasons, such as restricted cash.

(2)

Other unencumbered assets are not subject to any restrictions on their use to secure funding or as collateral, however they are not considered immediately available to existing borrowing programs.

(3)

Loans included as available as collateral represent the loans underlying National Housing Act mortgage-backed securities and Federal Home Loan Banks eligible loans.

 

Restrictions on the flow of funds

Our subsidiaries are not subject to significant restrictions that would prevent transfers of funds, dividends or capital distributions. However, certain subsidiaries have different capital and liquidity requirements, established by applicable banking and securities regulators.

We monitor and manage our capital and liquidity requirements across these entities to ensure that resources are used efficiently and entities are in compliance with local regulatory and policy requirements.

Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR)

The objective of the LCR is to promote short-term resilience of a bank’s liquidity risk profile, ensuring that it has adequate unencumbered high quality liquid resources to meet its liquidity needs in a 30-day acute stress scenario. Canadian banks are required to achieve a minimum LCR value of 100%. CIBC is in compliance with this requirement.

In accordance with the calibration methodology contained in OSFI’s Liquidity Adequacy Requirements (LAR) Guideline, CIBC reports the LCR to OSFI on a monthly basis. The ratio is calculated as follows:

 

Total High Quality Liquid Assets (HQLA)  

³ 100%

Total net cash outflows over the next 30 calendar days

The LCR’s numerator consists of unencumbered HQLA, which follow an OSFI-defined set of eligibility criteria that considers fundamental and market-related characteristics, and relative ability to operationally monetize assets on a timely basis during a period of stress. CIBC’s centrally managed liquid asset portfolio includes those liquid assets reported in the HQLA, such as central government treasury bills and bonds, central bank deposits and high-rated sovereign, agency, provincial, and corporate securities. Asset eligibility limitations inherent in the LCR metric do not necessarily reflect CIBC’s internal assessment of its ability to monetize its marketable assets under stress.

The ratio’s denominator reflects net cash outflows expected in the LCR’s stress scenario over the 30-calendar-day period. Expected cash outflows represent LCR-defined withdrawal or draw-down rates applied against outstanding liabilities and off-balance sheet commitments, respectively. Significant contributors to CIBC’s LCR outflows include business and financial institution deposit run-off, draws on undrawn lines of credit and unsecured debt maturities. Cash outflows are partially offset by cash inflows, which are calculated at LCR-prescribed inflow rates, and include performing loan repayments and maturing non-HQLA marketable assets.

Furthermore, CIBC reports the LCR to OSFI in multiple currencies, and thus measures the extent of potential currency mismatch under the ratio. CIBC predominantly operates in major currencies with deep and fungible foreign exchange markets.

During a period of financial stress, institutions may use their stock of HQLA, thereby falling below 100%, as maintaining the LCR at 100% under such circumstances could produce undue negative effects on the institution and other market participants.

 

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The LCR is disclosed using a standard OSFI-prescribed disclosure template.

 

$ millions, average of the three months ended January 31, 2021    Total unweighted value (1)      Total weighted value (2)  

HQLA

     

1

 

HQLA

     n/a      $ 190,484  

Cash outflows

     

2

 

Retail deposits and deposits from small business customers, of which:

   $ 201,116        15,713  

3

 

Stable deposits

     79,026        2,371  

4

 

Less stable deposits

     122,090        13,342  

5

 

Unsecured wholesale funding, of which:

     202,249        99,585  

6

 

Operational deposits (all counterparties) and deposits in networks of cooperative banks

     67,756        16,374  

7

 

Non-operational deposits (all counterparties)

     110,322        59,040  

8

 

Unsecured debt

     24,171        24,171  

9

 

Secured wholesale funding

     n/a        5,280  

10

 

Additional requirements, of which:

     122,360        29,261  

11

 

Outflows related to derivative exposures and other collateral requirements

     19,463        9,969  

12

 

Outflows related to loss of funding on debt products

     3,427        3,427  

13

 

Credit and liquidity facilities

     99,470        15,865  

14

 

Other contractual funding obligations

     2,628        2,628  

15

 

Other contingent funding obligations

     306,683        6,132  

16

 

Total cash outflows

     n/a        158,599  

Cash inflows

     

17

 

Secured lending (e.g. reverse repos)

     75,946        11,600  

18

 

Inflows from fully performing exposures

     24,752        9,066  

19

 

Other cash inflows

     4,240        4,240  

20

 

Total cash inflows

   $     104,938      $ 24,906  
          Total adjusted value  

21

 

Total HQLA

     n/a      $ 190,484  

22

 

Total net cash outflows

     n/a      $ 133,693  

23

 

LCR

     n/a        142  % 

$ millions, average of the three months ended October 31, 2020

              Total adjusted value  

24

 

Total HQLA

     n/a      $     187,227  

25

 

Total net cash outflows

     n/a      $ 129,444  

26

 

LCR

     n/a        145  % 
(1)

Unweighted inflow and outflow values are calculated as outstanding balances maturing or callable within 30 days of various categories or types of liabilities, off-balance sheet items or contractual receivables.

(2)

Weighted values are calculated after the application of haircuts (for HQLA) and inflow and outflow rates prescribed by OSFI.

n/a

Not applicable as per the LCR common disclosure template.

Our average LCR as at January 31, 2021 decreased to 142% from 145% in the prior quarter, due to an increase in net cash outflows, partially offset by higher HQLA.

Net stable funding ratio (NSFR)

Derived from the BCBS’s Basel III framework and incorporated into OSFI’s LAR Guideline, the NSFR standard aims to promote long-term resilience of the financial sector by requiring banks to maintain a sustainable funding profile in relation to the composition of their assets and off-balance sheet activities. Canadian D-SIBs are required to maintain a minimum NSFR value of 100% on a consolidated bank basis. CIBC is in compliance with this requirement.

In accordance with the calibration methodology contained in OSFI’s LAR Guideline, CIBC reports the NSFR to OSFI on a quarterly basis. The ratio is calculated as follows:

 

Available Stable Funding (ASF)  

³ 100%

Required Stable Funding (RSF)

The numerator consists the portion of capital and liabilities considered reliable over a one-year time horizon. The NSFR considers longer-term sources of funding to be more stable than short-term funding and deposits from retail and commercial customers to be behaviourally more stable than wholesale funding of the same maturity. In accordance with CIBC’s funding strategy, key drivers of CIBC’s ASF include client deposits supplemented by secured and unsecured wholesale funding, and capital instruments.

The ratio’s denominator represents the amount of stable funding required based on the OSFI-defined liquidity characteristics and residual maturities of assets and off-balance sheet exposures. The NSFR ascribes varying degrees of RSF such that high-quality liquid assets and short-term exposures are assumed to have a lower funding requirement than less liquid and longer-term exposures. CIBC’s RSF is largely driven by retail, commercial and corporate lending, investments in liquid assets, derivative exposures, and undrawn lines of credit and liquidity.

The ASF and RSF may be adjusted to zero for certain liabilities and assets that are determined to be interdependent if they meet the NSFR-defined criteria, which take into account the purpose, amount, cash flows, tenor and counterparties among other aspects to ensure the institution is acting solely as a pass-through unit for the underlying transactions. CIBC reports, where applicable, interdependent assets and liabilities arising from transactions OSFI has designated as eligible for such treatment in the LAR Guideline.

 

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The NSFR is disclosed using an OSFI-prescribed disclosure template, which captures the key quantitative information based on liquidity characteristics unique to the NSFR as defined in the LAR Guideline. As a result, amounts presented in the below table may not allow for direct comparison with the interim consolidated financial statements.

 

         a      b     c      d     e         
         Unweighted value by residual maturity              
$ millions, as at January 31, 2021    No
maturity
    

<6

months

    6 months
to <1 year
     >1 year     Weighted
value
        

ASF item

              

1

 

Capital

   $     43,411      $     $      $ 4,059     $ 47,471    

2

 

Regulatory capital

     43,411                     4,059       47,471    

3

 

Other capital instruments

                                  

4

 

Retail deposits and deposits from small business customers

     184,510        31,840       10,104        10,544       218,652    

5

 

Stable deposits

     83,193        13,495       5,804        6,765       104,132    

6

 

Less stable deposits

     101,317        18,345       4,300        3,779       114,520    

7

 

Wholesale funding

     143,518          154,803       32,730        59,533       162,920    

8

 

Operational deposits

     66,905        6,859                    36,882    

9

 

Other wholesale funding

     76,613        147,944       32,730        59,533       126,038    

10

 

Liabilities with matching interdependent assets

            2,069       765        15,146          

11

 

Other liabilities

           
68,589  (1)
 
    5,934    

12

 

NSFR derivative liabilities

       
4,421  (1)
 
   

13

 

All other liabilities and equity not included in the above categories

            40,133       139        23,896       5,934          

14

 

Total ASF

                                       434,977          

RSF item

              

15

 

Total NSFR HQLA

               14,420    

16

 

Deposits held at other financial institutions for operational purposes

            2,813              54       1,460    

17

 

Performing loans and securities

     56,014        105,399       36,680          256,377       286,377    

18

 

Performing loans to financial institutions secured by Level 1 HQLA

            25,904       4,048              3,417    

19

 

Performing loans to financial institutions secured by non-Level 1 HQLA and unsecured performing loans to financial institutions

     268        29,880       2,461        6,787       11,654    

20

 

Performing loans to non-financial corporate clients, loans to retail and small business customers, and loans to sovereigns, central banks and public sector entities, of which:

     26,801        34,397       12,519        94,972       127,151    

21

 

With a risk weight of less than or equal to 35% under the Basel II standardized approach for credit risk

                                  

22

 

Performing residential mortgages, of which:

     18,056        13,600       17,236        150,878       130,703    

23

 

With a risk weight of less than or equal to 35% under the Basel II standardized approach for credit risk

     18,056        13,520       17,155        146,546       126,940    

24

 

Securities that are not in default and do not qualify as HQLA, including exchange-traded equities

     10,889        1,618       416        3,740       13,452    

25

 

Assets with matching interdependent liabilities

            2,069       765        15,146          

26

 

Other assets

     14,047       
69,373  (1)
 
    43,821    

27

 

Physical traded commodities, including gold

     4,798               4,078    

28

 

Assets posted as initial margin for derivative contracts and contributions to default funds of central counterparties

       
7,352  (1)
 
    6,249    

29

 

NSFR derivative assets

       
9,244  (1)
 
    4,822    

30

 

NSFR derivative liabilities before deduction of variation margin posted

       
16,877  (1)
 
    844    

31

 

All other assets not included in the above categories

     9,249        29,817       312        5,771       27,828    

32

 

Off-balance sheet items

              309,646  (1)       10,668          

33

 

Total RSF

                                     $   356,746          

34

 

NSFR

                                       122  %         
(1)

No assigned time period per disclosure template design.

CIBC considers the impact of its business decisions on the LCR, NSFR and other liquidity risk metrics that it regularly monitors as part of a robust liquidity risk management function. Variables that can impact the metrics month-over-month include, but are not limited to, items such as wholesale funding activities and maturities, strategic balance sheet initiatives, and transactions and market conditions affecting collateral.

Reporting of the LCR and NSFR is calibrated centrally by CIBC Treasury, in conjunction with CIBC’s SBUs and other functional groups.

Funding

 

CIBC funds its operations with client-sourced deposits, supplemented with a wide range of wholesale funding.

CIBC’s principal approach aims to fund its consolidated balance sheet with deposits primarily raised from personal and commercial banking channels. CIBC maintains a foundation of relationship-based core deposits, whose stability is regularly evaluated through internally developed statistical assessments.

We routinely access a range of short-term and long-term secured and unsecured funding sources diversified by geography, depositor type, instrument, currency and maturity. We raise long-term funding from existing programs including covered bonds, asset securitizations and unsecured debt.

CIBC continuously evaluates opportunities to diversify into new funding products and investor segments in an effort to maximize funding flexibility and minimize concentration and financing costs. We regularly monitor wholesale funding levels and concentrations to internal limits consistent with our desired liquidity risk profile.

GALCO and RMC review and approve CIBC’s funding plan, which incorporates projected asset and liability growth, funding maturities, and output from our liquidity position forecasting.

 

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The following table provides the contractual maturity profile of CIBC’s wholesale funding sources at their carrying values:

 

$ millions, as at January 31, 2021   Less than
1 month
    1–3
months
    3–6
months
    6–12
months
    Less than
1 year total
   

1–2

years

    Over
2 years
    Total  

Deposits from banks (1)

  $ 4,931     $ 480     $ 497     $ 89     $ 5,997     $     $     $ 5,997  

Certificates of deposit and commercial paper

    7,752       3,935       17,307       20,912       49,906                   49,906  

Bearer deposit notes and bankers’ acceptances

    220       1,056       1,238       260       2,774                   2,774  

Asset-backed commercial paper

                                               

Senior unsecured medium-term notes (2)

    1,726       2,083       1,951       3,982       9,742       7,264       28,589       45,595  

Senior unsecured structured notes

                32       146       178                   178  

Covered bonds/asset-backed securities

               

Mortgage securitization

          243       1,843       768       2,854       3,462       11,946       18,262  

Covered bonds

          391       2,261       1,302       3,954       9,169       5,717       18,840  

Cards securitization

                820             820             804       1,624  

Subordinated liabilities

                                        4,693       4,693  

Other

                                  256       8       264  
    $ 14,629     $ 8,188     $ 25,949     $ 27,459     $ 76,225     $ 20,151     $ 51,757     $ 148,133  

Of which:

               

Secured

  $     $ 634     $ 4,924     $ 2,070     $ 7,628     $ 12,631     $ 18,467     $ 38,726  

Unsecured

    14,629       7,554       21,025       25,389       68,597       7,520       33,290       109,407  
    $ 14,629     $ 8,188     $ 25,949     $ 27,459     $ 76,225     $ 20,151     $ 51,757     $ 148,133  

October 31, 2020

  $     17,139     $     15,400     $     12,670     $     35,224     $     80,433     $     17,648     $     54,253     $     152,334  
(1)

Includes non-negotiable term deposits from banks.

(2)

Includes wholesale funding liabilities which are subject to conversion under bail-in regulations. See the “Capital management” section for additional details.

CIBC’s wholesale funding is diversified by currency as demonstrated in the table that follows:

 

$ billions, as at  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

 

CAD

  $ 46.4       31  %    $ 50.8       33  % 

USD

    76.0       51       75.4       50  

Other

    25.7       18       26.1       17  
    $     148.1       100  %    $     152.3       100  % 

We manage liquidity risk in a manner that enables us to withstand severe liquidity stress events. Wholesale funding may present a higher risk of run-off in stress situations, and we maintain significant portfolios of unencumbered liquid assets to mitigate this risk. See the “Liquid assets” section for additional details.

Credit ratings

CIBC’s access to and cost of wholesale funding are dependent on multiple factors, among them credit ratings provided by rating agencies. Rating agencies’ opinions are based upon internal methodologies, and are subject to change based on factors including, but not limited to, financial strength, competitive position, macroeconomic backdrop and liquidity positioning.

Our credit ratings are summarized in the following table:

 

As at January 31, 2021      DBRS          Fitch          Moody’s          S&P  

Deposit/Counterparty (1)

     AA          AA          Aa2          A+  

Legacy senior debt (2)

     AA          AA          Aa2          A+  

Senior debt (3)

     AA(L)          AA-          A2          BBB+  

Subordinated indebtedness

     A(H)          A          Baa1          BBB+  

Subordinated indebtedness – NVCC (4)

     A(L)          A          Baa1          BBB  

Limited recourse capital notes – NVCC (4)

     BBB(H)          n/a          Baa3          BB+  

Preferred shares – NVCC (4)

     Pfd-2          n/a          Baa3          P-3(H)  

Short-term debt

     R-1(H)          F1+          P-1          A-1  

Outlook

     Stable          Negative          Stable          Stable  
(1)

DBRS Long-Term Issuer Rating; Moody’s Long-Term Deposit and Counterparty Risk Assessment Rating; S&P’s Issuer Credit Rating; Fitch Ratings Inc. (Fitch) Long-Term Deposit Rating and Derivative Counterparty Rating.

(2)

Includes senior debt issued prior to September 23, 2018 as well as senior debt issued on or after September 23, 2018 which is not subject to bail-in regulations.

(3)

Comprises liabilities which are subject to conversion under bail-in regulations. See the “Capital management” section for additional details.

(4)

Comprises instruments which are treated as NVCC in accordance with OSFI’s CAR Guideline.

n/a

Not applicable.

Additional collateral requirements for rating downgrades

We are required to deliver collateral to certain derivative counterparties in the event of a downgrade to our current credit risk rating. The collateral requirement is based on MTM exposure, collateral valuations, and collateral arrangement thresholds, as applicable. The following table presents the additional cumulative collateral requirements for rating downgrades:

 

$ billions, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

     2020
Oct. 31
 

One-notch downgrade

     $    0.1      $     0.1  

Two-notch downgrade

     0.2        0.2  

Three-notch downgrade

     0.3        0.3  

 

34   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


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Contractual obligations

Contractual obligations give rise to commitments of future payments affecting our short- and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs. These obligations include financial liabilities, credit and liquidity commitments, and other contractual obligations.

 

Assets and liabilities

The following table provides the contractual maturity profile of our on-balance sheet assets, liabilities and equity at their carrying values. Contractual analysis is not representative of CIBC’s liquidity risk exposure, however this information serves to inform CIBC’s management of liquidity risk, and provide input when modelling a behavioural balance sheet.

 

$ millions, as at January 31, 2021   Less than
1 month
   

1–3

months

   

3–6

months

   

6–9

months

   

9–12

months

   

1–2

years

   

2–5

years

    Over
5 years
    No
specified
maturity
    Total  

Assets

                   

Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks (1)

  $ 42,986     $     $     $     $     $     $     $     $     $ 42,986  

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

    20,307                                                       20,307  

Securities

    3,702       6,072       4,810       3,325       6,583       17,662       40,416       32,078       35,845       150,493  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

    11,557                                                       11,557  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

    35,447       17,733       6,897       2,597       1,722                               64,396  

Loans

                   

Residential mortgages

    2,059       4,021       12,291       13,125       10,882       48,367       128,056       7,793             226,594  

Personal

    794       835       1,172       1,147       1,100       469       3,377       3,511       29,566       41,971  

Credit card

    225       450       675       675       675       2,699       5,310                   10,709  

Business and government

    15,234       5,973       8,695       5,551       6,257       28,004       41,439       15,436       8,274       134,863  

Allowance for credit losses

                                                    (3,484     (3,484

Derivative instruments

    2,898       3,473       3,057       2,255       2,636       3,438       6,436       9,972             34,165  

Customers’ liability under acceptances

    9,083       1,201       33       4             1                         10,322  

Other assets

                                                    38,029       38,029  
    $ 144,292     $ 39,758     $ 37,630     $ 28,679     $ 29,855     $ 100,640     $ 225,034     $ 68,790     $ 108,230     $ 782,908  

October 31, 2020 (2)

  $     141,033     $     32,738     $     41,413     $     32,267     $     28,499     $     101,338     $     224,276     $     69,248     $     98,739     $     769,551  

Liabilities

                   

Deposits (3)

  $ 28,557     $ 26,815     $ 46,158     $ 24,608     $ 25,384     $ 31,017     $ 51,613     $ 11,238     $ 328,537     $ 573,927  

Obligations related to securities sold short

    19,476                                                       19,476  

Cash collateral on securities lent

    1,745                                                       1,745  

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements

    42,622       28,180       2,994       474       407       1,845                         76,522  

Derivative instruments

    3,159       4,270       3,435       2,869       2,256       2,456       5,418       8,295             32,158  

Acceptances

    9,141       1,201       33       4             1                         10,380  

Other liabilities

    24       52       74       79       74       315       646       512       20,302       22,078  

Subordinated indebtedness

                                              4,693             4,693  

Equity

                                                    41,929       41,929  
    $ 104,724     $ 60,518     $ 52,694     $ 28,034     $ 28,121     $ 35,634     $ 57,677     $ 24,738     $ 390,768     $ 782,908  

October 31, 2020

  $ 98,552     $     40,528     $     58,834     $     43,919     $     26,555     $     33,273     $     58,938     $     26,416     $     382,536     $ 769,551  
(1)

Cash includes interest-bearing demand deposits with Bank of Canada.

(2)

Restated from amounts previously presented.

(3)

Comprises $206.1 billion (October 31, 2020: $202.2 billion) of personal deposits; $349.1 billion (October 31, 2020: $351.6 billion) of business and government deposits and secured borrowings; and $18.7 billion (October 31, 2020: $17.0 billion) of bank deposits.

The changes in the contractual maturity profile were primarily due to the natural migration of maturities and also reflect the impact of our regular business activities.

 

Credit-related commitments

The following table provides the contractual maturity of notional amounts of credit-related commitments. Since a significant portion of commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total of the contractual amounts is not representative of future liquidity requirements.

 

$ millions, as at January 31, 2021   Less than
1 month
   

1–3

months

   

3–6

months

   

6–9

months

   

9–12

months

   

1–2

years

   

2–5

years

   

Over

5 years

    No
specified
maturity (1)
    Total  

Unutilized credit commitments

  $ 761     $ 10,387     $ 4,461     $ 3,891     $ 6,085     $ 21,867     $ 49,204     $ 2,144     $ 176,479     $ 275,279  

Securities lending (2)

    40,394       2,794       2,954                                           46,142  

Standby and performance letters of credit

    2,397       1,409       3,461       2,619       3,282       514       678       42             14,402  

Backstop liquidity facilities

          179       1,442       10       9,848       252       18                   11,749  

Documentary and commercial letters of credit

    38       62       19       7       10       1       12                   149  

Other

    141                                                       141  
    $ 43,731     $ 14,831     $ 12,337     $ 6,527     $ 19,225     $ 22,634     $ 49,912     $ 2,186     $ 176,479     $ 347,862  

October 31, 2020

  $     39,474     $     24,451     $     11,188     $     8,798     $     6,427     $     20,638     $     51,245     $     1,714     $     173,157     $     337,092  
(1)

Includes $134.2 billion (October 31, 2020: $131.3 billion) of personal, home equity and credit card lines, which are unconditionally cancellable at our discretion.

(2)

Excludes securities lending of $1.7 billion (October 31, 2020: $1.8 billion) for cash because it is reported on the interim consolidated balance sheet.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     35  


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Other contractual obligations

The following table provides the contractual maturities of other contractual obligations affecting our funding needs:

 

$ millions, as at January 31, 2021   

Less than

1 month

    

1–3

months

    

3–6

months

    

6–9

months

    

9–12

months

    

1–2

years

    

2–5

years

     Over
5 years
     Total  

Purchase obligations (1)

   $ 79      $ 186      $ 218      $ 167      $ 146      $ 448      $ 471      $ 269      $ 1,984  

Future lease commitments

            4        11        13        13        51        90        1,307        1,489  

Underwriting commitments

     495                                                         495  

Investment commitments

                          2        4        2        6        214        228  

Pension contributions (2)

     17        33        49        50                                    149  
     $ 591      $ 223      $ 278      $ 232      $ 163      $ 501      $ 567      $ 1,790      $ 4,345  

October 31, 2020

   $     211      $     243      $     231      $     239      $     204      $     488      $     795      $     1,625      $     4,036  
(1)

Obligations that are legally binding agreements whereby we agree to purchase products or services with specific minimum or baseline quantities defined at fixed, minimum or variable prices over a specified period of time are defined as purchase obligations. Purchase obligations are included through to the termination date specified in the respective agreements, even if the contract is renewable. Many of the purchase agreements for goods and services include clauses that would allow us to cancel the agreement prior to expiration of the contract within a specific notice period. However, the amount above includes our obligations without regard to such termination clauses (unless actual notice of our intention to terminate the agreement has been communicated to the counterparty). The table excludes purchases of debt and equity instruments that settle within standard market time frames.

(2)

Includes estimated minimum funding contributions for our funded defined benefit pension plans in Canada, the U.S., the U.K., and the Caribbean. Estimated minimum funding contributions are included only for the next annual period ending October 31, 2021 as the minimum contributions are affected by various factors, such as market performance and regulatory requirements, and therefore are subject to significant variability.

Other risks

We also have policies and processes to measure, monitor and control other risks, including strategic, reputation, environmental and social, and operational risks, such as insurance, technology, information and cyber security, and regulatory compliance. These risks and related policies and processes have not changed significantly from those described on pages 80 to 82 of our 2020 Annual Report.

Accounting and control matters

Critical accounting policies and estimates

The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” using IFRS as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). A summary of significant accounting policies is presented in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report. The interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared using the same accounting policies as CIBC’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended October 31, 2020, except that CIBC adopted the “Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting” (Conceptual Framework) and early adopted the “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Phase 2 Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16” (Phase 2 amendments) effective November 1, 2020.

There was no impact from the adoption of the Conceptual Framework.

The early adoption of the Phase 2 amendments as discussed under the “Other regulatory developments” section below required us to provide additional disclosure in Note 1 to our interim consolidated financial statements.

Certain accounting policies require us to make judgments and estimates, some of which may relate to matters that are uncertain. The COVID-19 pandemic continues to result in increased level of judgment as discussed on pages 83 to 88 of our 2020 Annual Report, and could have a material impact on our financial results, particularly in regard to the estimation of expected credit losses.

During the quarter, improvements in our economic outlook resulted in a relatively moderate reduction in our Stage 1 and Stage 2 performing ECLs relative to prior quarter. Significant judgment was inherent in the forecasting of forward-looking information, including with regard to our base case assumption that effective mass vaccinations will be underway in many countries over the spring and summer and that the vaccination programs will be able to effectively respond to the emerging variants, allowing for stronger global recovery in the latter half of the year.

Changes in the judgments and estimates related to IFRS 9 can have a significant impact on the level of ECL allowance recognized and the period-over-period volatility of the provision for credit losses. See Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report, and Note 6 to our interim consolidated financial statements for more information concerning the high level of judgment inherent in the estimation of ECL allowance, including the impact of COVID-19.

Accounting developments

For details on future accounting policy changes, refer to Note 1 to our interim consolidated financial statements and Note 32 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report.

Other regulatory developments

Reforms to interest rate benchmarks

Various interest rate and other indices that are deemed to be “benchmarks” (including LIBOR) are the subject of international regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. Regulators in various jurisdictions have pushed for the transition from Interbank Offered Rates (IBORs) to alternative benchmark rates (alternative rates), based upon risk free rates determined using actual market transactions. The U.K.’s FCA originally announced in July 2017 that it would not compel banks to submit LIBOR rates after December 2021. In November 2020, the FCA and the IBA announced a consultation process that may lead to an 18 month extension to June 30, 2023 for most USD LIBOR tenors with an expectation that originations of new USD LIBOR-linked products would cease after the end of 2021. We are closely monitoring the consultation process.

The transition from current reference rates to alternative rates may adversely affect the value of, return on, or trading market for contracts linked to existing benchmarks. These developments may cause some LIBOR and other benchmarks to be discontinued.

A significant number of our derivatives, lending and deposit contracts reference various interest rate benchmarks, including contracts with maturity dates that extend beyond December 2021. We also hold securities that reference interbank offered rates. In response to the proposed reforms to interest rate benchmarks, we have established an Enterprise IBOR Transition Program (Program) to manage and coordinate all aspects of the transition. Further details on the Program are included as part of the “Other regulatory developments” section of our 2020 Annual Report.

 

36   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


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As a part of the Program, we are in the process of preparing to transition existing IBOR based contracts to those that reference the new alternative rates, and are developing supporting business processes to support the transition. We have adhered to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) 2020 IBOR Fallbacks Protocol to facilitate the transition of the contractual rate for derivatives with counterparties who have also adhered to the ISDA Protocol. Such transition will be effective on the occurrence of certain prescribed trigger events. We have continued to develop contract remediation plans for our LIBOR referencing products and have continued to make information available to clients, advising them on developments.

We continue to assess the impact of IBOR reform on our operations and continue to engage with industry associations on recent developments on the transition to risk-free rates, which includes the development of supporting business processes. We also continue to engage with industry associations to incorporate recent developments into our project plan. The Program provides regular updates to senior management, including the Executive Committee.

Current accounting policy changes relating to the interest rate benchmark reform

The IASB addressed interest rate benchmark reform and its effects on financial reporting in two phases. The first phase focuses on issues affecting financial reporting in the period before the interest rate benchmark reform, while the second phase focuses on the issues that affect financial reporting once the existing rate is replaced with an alternative rate. In September 2019, the IASB finalized the first phase through the issuance of “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7” (Phase 1 amendments). We elected to early adopt the Phase 1 amendments effective November 1, 2019. The financial accounting and reporting impact of the early adoption of the Phase 1 amendments was described in Note 1 to our 2020 Annual Report.

In August 2020, the IASB finalized the second phase through the issuance of “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Phase 2 Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16” (Phase 2 amendments), which addresses the issues that affect financial reporting once the existing rate is replaced with an alternative rate and provides specific disclosure requirements. The Phase 2 amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021. As we elected to continue to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39 upon the adoption of IFRS 9, the Phase 2 amendments to IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16 will apply to us, mandatorily effective on November 1, 2021, with earlier application permitted. We elected to early adopt the Phase 2 amendments effective November 1, 2020. As a result, we have provided additional disclosures related to our exposures to significant benchmark rates subject to the reform in Note 1 to our interim consolidated financial statements.

Controls and procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures

CIBC’s management, with the participation of the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of CIBC’s disclosure controls and procedures as at January 31, 2021 (as defined in the rules of the SEC and the Canadian Securities Administrators). Based on that evaluation, the President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

There have been no changes in CIBC’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended January 31, 2021 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Related-party transactions

There have been no significant changes to CIBC’s procedures and policies regarding related-party transactions since October 31, 2020. For additional information, refer to pages 90 and 183 of our 2020 Annual Report.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     37  


Table of Contents

Interim consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

 

Contents
39   Consolidated balance sheet
40   Consolidated statement of income
41  

Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

42   Consolidated statement of changes in equity
43   Consolidated statement of cash flows
44   Notes to the interim consolidated financial statements

 

 

44   Note 1     Changes in accounting policies
45   Note 2     Impact of COVID-19
46   Note 3     Fair value measurement
49   Note 4     Significant transactions
49   Note 5     Securities
51   Note 6     Loans
56   Note 7     Deposits
56   Note 8     Subordinated indebtedness
57   Note 9    

Share capital

57   Note 10     Post-employment benefits
58   Note 11     Income taxes
58   Note 12     Earnings per share
59   Note 13     Contingent liabilities and provisions
59   Note 14     Interest income and expense
60   Note 15     Segmented information
 

 

 

 

 

38   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


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Consolidated balance sheet

 

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, as at   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

 

ASSETS

    

Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks

   $ 42,986     $ 43,531  

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

     20,307       18,987  

Securities (Note 5)

     150,493       149,046  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

     11,557       8,547  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

     64,396       65,595  

Loans (Note 6)

    

Residential mortgages

     226,594       221,165  

Personal

     41,971       42,222  

Credit card

     10,709       11,389  

Business and government

     134,863       135,546  

Allowance for credit losses

     (3,484     (3,540
       410,653       406,782  

Other

    

Derivative instruments

     34,165       32,730  

Customers’ liability under acceptances

     10,322       9,606  

Property and equipment

     2,932       2,997  

Goodwill

     5,084       5,253  

Software and other intangible assets

     1,942       1,961  

Investments in equity-accounted associates and joint ventures

     658       658  

Deferred tax assets

     519       650  

Other assets

     26,894       23,208  
       82,516       77,063  
     $     782,908     $     769,551  

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

    

Deposits (Note 7)

    

Personal

   $ 206,090     $ 202,152  

Business and government

     310,445       311,426  

Bank

     18,666       17,011  

Secured borrowings

     38,726       40,151  
       573,927       570,740  

Obligations related to securities sold short

     19,476       15,963  

Cash collateral on securities lent

     1,745       1,824  

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements

     76,522       71,653  

Other

    

Derivative instruments

     32,158       30,508  

Acceptances

     10,380       9,649  

Deferred tax liabilities

     35       33  

Other liabilities

     22,043       22,134  
       64,616       62,324  

Subordinated indebtedness

     4,693       5,712  

Equity

    

Preferred shares and other equity instruments

     3,575       3,575  

Common shares (Note 9)

     13,991       13,908  

Contributed surplus

     119       117  

Retained earnings

     23,060       22,119  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI)

     1,007       1,435  

Total shareholders’ equity

     41,752       41,154  

Non-controlling interests

     177       181  

Total equity

     41,929       41,335  
     $ 782,908     $ 769,551  

The accompanying notes and shaded sections in “MD&A – Management of risk” are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     39  


Table of Contents

Consolidated statement of income

 

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, except as noted, for the three months ended  

2021

Jan. 31

    

2020

Oct. 31

    

2020

Jan. 31

 

Interest income (Note 14) (1)

       

Loans

  $ 3,071      $ 3,099      $ 3,986  

Securities

    569        572        730  

Securities borrowed or purchased under resale agreements

    90        87        364  

Deposits with banks

    41        42        102  
      3,771        3,800        5,182  

Interest expense (Note 14)

       

Deposits

    755        822        1,983  

Securities sold short

    56        59        75  

Securities lent or sold under repurchase agreements

    71        71        295  

Subordinated indebtedness

    35        36        46  

Other

    15        20        22  
      932        1,008        2,421  

Net interest income

    2,839        2,792        2,761  

Non-interest income

       

Underwriting and advisory fees

    134        103        126  

Deposit and payment fees

    195        186        222  

Credit fees

    287        265        254  

Card fees

    123        105        122  

Investment management and custodial fees

    373        357        350  

Mutual fund fees

    424        402        409  

Insurance fees, net of claims

    97        95        102  

Commissions on securities transactions

    103        83        81  

Gains (losses) from financial instruments measured/designated at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), net

    213        86        265  

Gains (losses) from debt securities measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI) and amortized cost, net

    36        4        11  

Foreign exchange other than trading (FXOTT)

    69        45        58  

Income from equity-accounted associates and joint ventures

    16        12        18  

Other

    54        65        76  
      2,124        1,808        2,094  

Total revenue

    4,963        4,600        4,855  

Provision for credit losses (Note 6)

    147        291        261  

Non-interest expenses

       

Employee compensation and benefits

    1,564        1,371        1,897  

Occupancy costs

    193        321        206  

Computer, software and office equipment

    467        516        470  

Communications

    79        72        75  

Advertising and business development

    45        71        77  

Professional fees

    47        53        50  

Business and capital taxes

    31        30        36  

Other

    300        457        254  
      2,726        2,891        3,065  

Income before income taxes

    2,090        1,418        1,529  

Income taxes

    465        402        317  

Net income

  $ 1,625      $ 1,016      $ 1,212  

Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

  $ 4      $ 1      $ 7  

Preferred shareholders and other equity instrument holders

  $ 30      $ 30      $ 31  

Common shareholders

    1,591        985        1,174  

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

  $     1,621      $     1,015      $     1,205  

Earnings per share (in dollars) (Note 12)

       

Basic

  $ 3.56      $ 2.21      $ 2.64  

Diluted

    3.55        2.20        2.63  

Dividends per common share (in dollars)

    1.46        1.46        1.44  
(1)

Interest income included $3.4 billion for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $3.4 billion; January 31, 2020: $4.7 billion) calculated based on the effective interest rate method.

The accompanying notes and shaded sections in “MD&A – Management of risk” are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated statement of comprehensive income

 

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Net income

   $     1,625     $ 1,016     $     1,212  

Other comprehensive income (loss) (OCI), net of income tax, that is subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

 

Net foreign currency translation adjustments

      

Net gains (losses) on investments in foreign operations

     (1,417     (187     162  

Net gains (losses) on hedges of investments in foreign operations

     798       103       (85
       (619     (84     77  

Net change in debt securities measured at FVOCI

      

Net gains (losses) on securities measured at FVOCI

     56       5       44  

Net (gains) losses reclassified to net income

     (26     (5     (6
       30             38  

Net change in cash flow hedges

      

Net gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

     124       32       (11

Net (gains) losses reclassified to net income

     (148     (62     14  
       (24     (30     3  

OCI, net of income tax, that is not subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

      

Net gains (losses) on post-employment defined benefit plans

     199       147       (105

Net gains (losses) due to fair value change of fair value option (FVO) liabilities attributable to changes in credit risk

     (35     (8     (22

Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI

     24       25       36  
       188       164       (91

Total OCI (1)

     (425     50       27  

Comprehensive income

   $ 1,200     $ 1,066     $ 1,239  

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests

   $ 4     $ 1     $ 7  

Preferred shareholders and other equity instrument holders

   $ 30     $ 30     $ 31  

Common shareholders

     1,166       1,035       1,201  

Comprehensive income attributable to equity shareholders

   $ 1,196     $     1,065     $ 1,232  

(1)  Includes $6 million of losses for the quarter ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $1 million of losses; January 31, 2020: $4 million of losses), relating to our investments in equity-accounted associates and joint ventures.

   

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Income tax (expense) benefit allocated to each component of OCI

      

Subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

      

Net foreign currency translation adjustments

      

Net gains (losses) on investments in foreign operations

   $ 11     $ 1     $ (1

Net gains (losses) on hedges of investments in foreign operations

     (15     (3      
       (4     (2     (1

Net change in debt securities measured at FVOCI

      

Net gains (losses) on securities measured at FVOCI

     (25     (7     (12

Net (gains) losses reclassified to net income

     9       1       2  
       (16     (6     (10

Net change in cash flow hedges

      

Net gains (losses) on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

     (45     (12     4  

Net (gains) losses reclassified to net income

     53       22       (5
       8       10       (1

Not subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

      

Net gains (losses) on post-employment defined benefit plans

     (71     (42     36  

Net gains (losses) due to fair value change of FVO liabilities attributable
to changes in credit risk

     13       4       8  

Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI

     (8     (9     (13
       (66     (47     31  
     $ (78   $ (45   $ 19  

The accompanying notes and shaded sections in “MD&A – Management of risk” are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated statement of changes in equity

 

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Preferred shares and other equity instruments

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 3,575     $ 2,825     $ 2,825  

Issue of preferred shares and limited recourse capital notes

           750        

Balance at end of period

   $ 3,575     $ 3,575     $ 2,825  

Common shares (Note 9)

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 13,908     $ 13,800     $ 13,591  

Issue of common shares

     99       89       123  

Purchase of common shares for cancellation

                 (46

Treasury shares

     (16     19       1  

Balance at end of period

   $ 13,991     $ 13,908     $ 13,669  

Contributed surplus

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 117     $ 122     $ 125  

Compensation expense arising from equity-settled share-based awards

     6       3       3  

Exercise of stock options and settlement of other equity-settled share-based awards

     (5     (8     (4

Other

     1             (1

Balance at end of period

   $ 119     $ 117     $ 123  

Retained earnings

      

Balance at beginning of period before accounting policy changes

     n/a       n/a     $ 20,972  

Impact of adopting IFRS 16 at November 1, 2019

     n/a       n/a       127  

Balance at beginning of period after accounting policy changes

   $ 22,119     $ 21,726       21,099  

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

     1,621       1,015       1,205  

Dividends and distributions

      

Preferred and other equity instruments

     (30     (30     (31

Common

     (653     (652     (641

Premium on purchase of common shares for cancellation

                 (119

Realized gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI reclassified from AOCI

     3       62       29  

Other

           (2     1  

Balance at end of period

   $ 23,060     $ 22,119     $ 21,543  

AOCI, net of income tax

      

AOCI, net of income tax, that is subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

      

Net foreign currency translation adjustments

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 1,173     $ 1,257     $ 993  

Net change in foreign currency translation adjustments

     (619     (84     77  

Balance at end of period

   $ 554     $ 1,173     $ 1,070  

Net gains (losses) on debt securities measured at FVOCI

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 309     $ 309     $ 77  

Net change in securities measured at FVOCI

     30             38  

Balance at end of period

   $ 339     $ 309     $ 115  

Net gains (losses) on cash flow hedges

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 274     $ 304     $ 113  

Net change in cash flow hedges

     (24     (30     3  

Balance at end of period

   $ 250     $ 274     $ 116  

AOCI, net of income tax, that is not subject to subsequent reclassification to net income

      

Net gains (losses) on post-employment defined benefit plans

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ (283   $ (430   $ (363

Net change in post-employment defined benefit plans

     199       147       (105

Balance at end of period

   $ (84   $ (283   $ (468

Net gains (losses) due to fair value change of FVO liabilities attributable to changes in credit risk

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ (40   $ (32   $ 16  

Net change attributable to changes in credit risk

     (35     (8     (22

Balance at end of period

   $ (75   $ (40   $ (6

Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 2     $ 39     $ 45  

Net gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI

     24       25       36  

Realized gains (losses) on equity securities designated at FVOCI reclassified to retained earnings

     (3     (62     (29

Balance at end of period

   $ 23     $ 2     $ 52  

Total AOCI, net of income tax

   $ 1,007     $ 1,435     $ 879  

Non-controlling interests

      

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 181     $ 179     $ 186  

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

     4       1       7  

Dividends

           (2     (2

Other

     (8     3        

Balance at end of period

   $ 177     $ 181     $ 191  

Equity at end of period

   $     41,929     $     41,335     $     39,230  
n/a

Not applicable.

The accompanying notes and shaded sections in “MD&A – Management of risk” are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

 

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Consolidated statement of cash flows

 

Unaudited, millions of Canadian dollars, for the three months ended  

2021

Jan. 31

   

2020

Oct. 31

   

2020

Jan. 31

 

Cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities

     

Net income

  $ 1,625     $ 1,016     $ 1,212  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities:

     

Provision for credit losses

    147       291       261  

Amortization and impairment (1)

    237       536       246  

Stock options and restricted shares expense

    6       3       3  

Deferred income taxes

    43       (16     (93

Losses (gains) from debt securities measured at FVOCI and amortized cost

    (36     (4     (11

Net losses (gains) on disposal of property and equipment

                1  

Other non-cash items, net

    82       14       (68

Net changes in operating assets and liabilities

     

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

    (1,320     64       (2,458

Loans, net of repayments

    (4,177     (2,256     (4,116

Deposits, net of withdrawals

    1,628       3,775       12,718  

Obligations related to securities sold short

    3,513       (263     1,791  

Accrued interest receivable

    132       (179     151  

Accrued interest payable

    (159     109       (112

Derivative assets

    (1,440     10,715       (1,356

Derivative liabilities

    1,688       (12,386     252  

Securities measured at FVTPL

    (3,864     (1,868     (9,009

Other assets and liabilities measured/designated at FVTPL

    1,727       975       (1,050

Current income taxes

    62       (221     1,242  

Cash collateral on securities lent

    (79     260       (200

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements

    4,869       6,678       5,339  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

    (3,010     (1,335     (2,964

Securities purchased under resale agreements

    1,199       (10,747     (807

Other, net

    (4,096     1,845       (297
      (1,223     (2,994     675  

Cash flows provided by (used in) financing activities

     

Redemption/repurchase/maturity of subordinated indebtedness

    (1,008     (33      

Issue of preferred shares and limited recourse capital notes, net of issuance cost

          747        

Issue of common shares for cash

    62       4       83  

Purchase of common shares for cancellation

                (165

Net sale (purchase) of treasury shares

    (16     19       1  

Dividends and distributions paid

    (651     (650     (636

Repayment of lease liabilities

    (74     (78     (75
      (1,687     9       (792

Cash flows provided by (used in) investing activities

     

Purchase of securities measured/designated at FVOCI and amortized cost

    (9,954     (10,056     (9,821

Proceeds from sale of securities measured/designated at FVOCI and amortized cost

    6,812       2,346       3,757  

Proceeds from maturity of debt securities measured at FVOCI and amortized cost

    5,676       4,968       7,145  

Net sale (purchase) of property and equipment

    (71     (100     (62
      2,463       (2,842     1,019  

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks

    (98     (13     12  

Net increase (decrease) in cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks during the period

    (545     (5,840     914  

Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks at beginning of period

    43,531       49,371       3,840  

Cash and non-interest-bearing deposits with banks at end of period (2)

  $     42,986     $      43,531     $     4,754  

Cash interest paid

  $ 1,091     $ 899     $ 2,533  

Cash interest received

    3,659       3,401       5,139  

Cash dividends received

    244       220       194  

Cash income taxes paid (received)

    360       639       (832
(1)

Comprises amortization and impairment of buildings, right-of-use assets, furniture, equipment, leasehold improvements, and software and other intangible assets.

(2)

Includes restricted cash of $493 million (October 31, 2020: $463 million; January 31, 2020: $493 million) and interest-bearing demand deposits with Bank of Canada.

The accompanying notes and shaded sections in “MD&A – Management of risk” are an integral part of these interim consolidated financial statements.

 

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Notes to the interim consolidated financial statements

(Unaudited)

The interim consolidated financial statements of CIBC are prepared in accordance with Section 308(4) of the Bank Act (Canada), which states that, except as otherwise specified by the Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions (OSFI), the financial statements are to be prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). There are no accounting requirements of OSFI that are exceptions to IFRS.

These interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Accounting Standard (IAS) 34 “Interim Financial Reporting” and do not include all of the information required for full annual consolidated financial statements. Except as indicated below, these interim consolidated financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as CIBC’s consolidated financial statements as at and for the year ended October 31, 2020.

All amounts in these interim consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, unless otherwise indicated. These interim consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by the Board of Directors on February 24, 2021.

Note 1.    Changes in accounting policies

(a)     Current period changes in accounting policies

Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Phase 2 Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4 and IFRS 16

Various interest rate and other indices that are deemed to be “benchmarks” (including LIBOR) are the subject of international regulatory guidance and proposals for reform. Regulators in various jurisdictions have pushed for the transition from Interbank Offered Rates (IBORs) to alternative benchmark rates (alternative rates), based upon risk free rates determined using actual market transactions. The U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) originally announced in July 2017 that it would not compel banks to submit LIBOR rates after December 2021. In November 2020, the FCA and the ICE Benchmark Administrator (IBA) announced a consultation process that may lead to an 18 month extension to June 30, 2023 for most USD LIBOR tenors with an expectation that originations of new USD LIBOR-linked products would cease after the end of 2021. We are closely monitoring the consultation process.

In response to interest rate benchmark reform, the IASB issued “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Phase 2 Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39, IFRS 7, IFRS 4, and IFRS 16” (Phase 2 amendments) in August 2020. These amendments address issues that affect financial reporting once an existing rate is replaced with an alternative rate and concludes the IASB’s amendments to financial reporting standards due to the effects of interest rate benchmark reform. While the Phase 2 amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2021, we elected to early adopt the Phase 2 amendments effective November 1, 2020. Only the amendments to IAS 39 “Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement” (IAS 39), IFRS 7 “Financial Instruments: Disclosures”, IFRS 4 “Insurance Contracts”, and IFRS 16 “Leases” apply to us because we elected to continue to apply the hedge accounting requirements of IAS 39 upon the adoption of IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments” (IFRS 9).

The Phase 2 amendments permit modifications of financial assets, financial liabilities and lessee lease liabilities required as a direct consequence of IBOR reform, and made on an economically equivalent basis to be accounted for by updating the effective interest rate (EIR) prospectively. The amendments also provide temporary relief that allows for hedging relationships to continue upon the replacement of an existing interest rate benchmark with an alternative rate under certain qualifying conditions, including the amendment of the hedge designation and documentation to reflect the new rate, and permits new hedging relationships that are in the scope of the Phase 2 amendments.

The IASB had previously issued “Interest Rate Benchmark Reform: Amendments to IFRS 9, IAS 39 and IFRS 7” (Phase 1 amendments) in September 2019. The Phase 1 amendments provide relief for specific hedge accounting requirements to address uncertainties in the period before the interest rate benchmark reform, and provide specific disclosure requirements for the affected hedging relationships. We adopted the Phase 1 amendments effective November 1, 2019 and the disclosure can be found in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report.

As IBORs are widely referenced by large volumes of derivative, loan and cash products, the transition presents a number of risks to us, and the industry as a whole. These transition risks include market risk (in the eventuality that new basis risks emerge), model risk, operational risk (as processes are changed or newly introduced), legal risk (as contracts are revised) and conduct risk (in ensuring clients are adequately informed/prepared). In response to the proposed reforms to interest rate benchmarks, we have established an Enterprise IBOR Transition Program (Program), which is supported by a formal governance structure and dedicated working groups that include stakeholders from frontline businesses as well as functional groups such as Treasury, Technology and Operations, Risk Management, Legal and Finance, to manage and coordinate all aspects of the transition, including the identification and mitigation of the risks. An Interbank Offered Rate (IBOR) Steering Committee has been established with responsibility for oversight and execution of the Program. The IBOR Steering Committee manages the impact of the transition risks through appropriate mitigating actions. We also continue to engage with industry associations to incorporate recent developments into our project plan. The Program provides regular updates to the senior management, including the Executive Committee.

As a part of the Program, we are in the process of preparing to transition existing IBOR based contracts to those that reference the new alternative rates, and are developing supporting business processes to support the transition. We have adhered to the International Swaps and Derivatives Association (ISDA) 2020 IBOR Fallbacks Protocol to facilitate the transition of the contractual rate for derivatives with counterparties who have also adhered to the ISDA Protocol. Such transition will be effective on the occurrence of certain prescribed trigger events. We have continued to develop contract remediation plans for our LIBOR referencing products and have continued to make information available to clients, advising them on developments.

 

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We currently consider exposures that are indexed to USD LIBOR and GBP LIBOR with a maturity date beyond December 31, 2021 to be significant exposures that are potentially subject to the transition to an alternative benchmark rate. The following table presents the approximate notional amounts of our derivatives and the gross outstanding balances of our non-derivative financial assets and financial liabilities that are indexed to USD LIBOR, GBP LIBOR and other benchmark rates with a maturity date beyond December 31, 2021, that are expected to be affected by IBOR reform.

 

    

Notional/gross outstanding amounts (1)(2)(3)

 
$ billions, as at November 1, 2020   

        USD LIBOR

     GBP LIBOR      Others (4)  
     

Maturing after

December 31, 2021 and
before June 30, 2023

     Maturing after
June 30, 2023
    

Maturing after

December 31, 2021

 

Non-derivative financial assets

           

Securities

   $ 4.0      $ 1.9      $      $  

Loans

     18.6        21.2        2.4         
       22.6        23.1        2.4         

Non-derivative financial liabilities

           

Secured borrowing deposits and subordinated indebtedness

            0.1        1.1         

Other deposits

     0.8        1.0                
       0.8        1.1        1.1         

Derivatives

         276.4            463.3            70.4            33.3  
(1)

Excludes financial instruments which reference rates in multi-rate jurisdictions, including Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (CDOR), Euro Interbank Offered Rate (EURIBOR) and Australian Bank Bill Swap Rate. While financial instruments referencing 6-month and 12-month CDOR will be discontinued on May 17, 2021, we do not hold material positions referencing these tenors as of November 1, 2020. Other tenors of CDOR are expected to continue.

(2)

The table excludes undrawn loan commitments. As at November 1, 2020, total outstanding undrawn loan commitments that are potentially subject to the transition with a maturity date beyond December 31, 2021 are estimated to be $53.1 billion, including $52.1 billion which can be drawn in USD LIBOR and $1.0 billion which can be drawn in GBP LIBOR.

(3)

For cross currency swaps for which both legs reference benchmark rates that are subject to transition, the relevant notional amount for each leg has been included in the table above.

(4)

Includes exposures indexed to JPY LIBOR, CHF LIBOR and EUR LIBOR.

Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting (Conceptual Framework)

The Conceptual Framework sets out the fundamental concepts that underlie the preparation and presentation of financial statements and serves to guide the IASB in developing IFRS standards. The Conceptual Framework is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2020. As a result, CIBC adopted the Conceptual Framework as at November 1, 2020.

There was no impact to our consolidated financial statements and no changes in our accounting policies as a result of adopting the Conceptual Framework.

(b)    Future accounting policy changes

For details on future accounting policy changes, refer to Note 32 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of standards that are effective for us after fiscal 2021.

Note 2.    Impact of COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant adverse impact globally. The overall economy continues to operate below pre-pandemic levels in Canada, the U.S. and other regions where we operate, with continuing uncertainty related to economic growth and unemployment, which ultimately will only be resolved with the dissemination of an effective vaccine for COVID-19. As a result, we continue to operate in an uncertain macroeconomic environment.

Impact on estimates and assumptions

As disclosed in our 2020 Annual Report, the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the recognized and measured amounts of assets, liabilities, net income, comprehensive income and related disclosures. Significant estimates and assumptions are made in the areas of the valuation of financial instruments, allowance for credit losses, the evaluation of whether to consolidate structured entities, asset impairment, income taxes, provisions and contingent liabilities, post-employment and other long-term benefit plan assumptions and valuation of self-managed loyalty points programs.

Further, the COVID-19 pandemic continues to give rise to heightened uncertainty as it relates to accounting estimates and assumptions and increases the need to apply judgment in evaluating the economic and market environment and its impact on significant estimates. This particularly impacts estimates and assumptions relating to allowance for credit losses. During the quarter, improvements in our economic outlook resulted in a relatively moderate reduction in our Stage 1 and Stage 2 performing ECLs relative to prior quarter. Significant judgment was inherent in the forecasting of forward-looking information, including with regard to our base case assumption that effective mass vaccinations will be underway in many countries over the spring and summer and that the vaccination programs will be able to effectively respond to the emerging variants, allowing for stronger global recovery in the latter half of the year.

Changes in the judgments and estimates related to IFRS 9 can have a significant impact on the level of ECL allowance recognized and the period-over-period volatility of the provision for credit losses. Actual results could differ from these estimates and assumptions. See Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report, and Note 6 to our interim consolidated financial statements for more information concerning the high level of judgment inherent in the estimation of ECL allowance, including the impact of COVID-19.

 

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Note 3.    Fair value measurement

Fair value of financial instruments

 

         Carrying value              
$ millions, as at   Amortized
cost
    Mandatorily
measured
at FVTPL
    Designated
at FVTPL
    Fair value
through
OCI
    Total    

Fair

value

    Fair value
over (under)
carrying value
 

2021

   Financial assets              

Jan. 31

  

Cash and deposits with banks

  $ 62,577     $ 716     $     $     $ 63,293     $ 63,293     $  
  

Securities

    31,993       66,462       95       51,943       150,493       151,147       654  
  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

    11,557                         11,557       11,557        
  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

    56,686       7,710                   64,396       64,396        
  

Loans

             
  

Residential mortgages

    226,216       42                   226,258       227,963       1,705  
  

Personal

    41,164                         41,164       41,215       51  
  

Credit card

    10,050                         10,050       10,050        
  

Business and government

    109,498       23,277       406             133,181       133,370       189  
  

Derivative instruments

          34,165                   34,165       34,165        
  

Customers’ liability under acceptances

    10,322                         10,322       10,322        
    

Other assets

    17,276                         17,276       17,276        
  

Financial liabilities

             
  

Deposits

             
  

Personal

  $ 202,701     $     $ 3,389     $     $ 206,090     $ 206,293     $ 203  
  

Business and government

    298,982             11,463             310,445       311,528       1,083  
  

Bank

    18,666                         18,666       18,666        
  

Secured borrowings

    37,986             740             38,726       39,139       413  
  

Derivative instruments

          32,158                   32,158       32,158        
  

Acceptances

    10,380                         10,380       10,380        
  

Obligations related to securities sold short

          19,476                   19,476       19,476        
  

Cash collateral on securities lent

    1,745                         1,745       1,745        
  

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements (1)

    59,493                 17,029             76,522       76,522        
  

Other liabilities

    15,541       130       12             15,683       15,683        
    

Subordinated indebtedness

    4,693                         4,693       5,013       320  

2020

  

Financial assets

             

Oct. 31

  

Cash and deposits with banks

  $ 61,570     $ 948     $     $     $ 62,518     $ 62,518     $  
  

Securities

    31,800           62,576       117           54,553           149,046           149,599       553  
  

Cash collateral on securities borrowed

    8,547                         8,547       8,547        
  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

    58,090       7,505                   65,595       65,595        
  

Loans

             
  

Residential mortgages

    220,739       63                   220,802       222,920           2,118  
  

Personal

    41,390                         41,390       41,452       62  
  

Credit card

    10,722                         10,722       10,722        
  

Business and government

    110,220       23,291       357             133,868       134,097       229  
  

Derivative instruments

          32,730                   32,730       32,730        
  

Customers’ liability under acceptances

    9,606                         9,606       9,606        
    

Other assets

    15,940                         15,940       15,940        
  

Financial liabilities

             
  

Deposits

             
  

Personal

  $     199,593     $     $ 2,559     $     $ 202,152     $ 202,345     $ 193  
  

Business and government

    301,546                 9,880             311,426       312,279       853  
  

Bank

    17,011                         17,011       17,011        
  

Secured borrowings

    39,560             591             40,151       40,586       435  
  

Derivative instruments

          30,508                   30,508       30,508        
  

Acceptances

    9,649                         9,649       9,649        
  

Obligations related to securities sold short

          15,963                   15,963       15,963        
  

Cash collateral on securities lent

    1,824                         1,824       1,824        
  

Obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements (1)

    54,617             17,036             71,653       71,653        
  

Other liabilities

    15,282       133       9             15,424       15,424        
    

Subordinated indebtedness

    5,712                         5,712       5,993       281  
(1)

Includes obligations related to securities sold under repurchase agreements supported by bearer deposit notes that are pledged as collateral under the Bank of Canada Term Repo Facility.

 

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The table below presents the level in the fair value hierarchy into which the fair values of financial instruments, that are carried at fair value on the interim consolidated balance sheet, are categorized:

 

    Level 1           Level 2           Level 3        
     Quoted market price            Valuation technique –
observable market inputs
           Valuation technique –
non-observable market inputs
    Total      Total  
$ millions, as at   2021
Jan. 31
    2020
Oct. 31
           2021
Jan. 31
    2020
Oct. 31
           2021
Jan. 31
    2020
Oct. 31
    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 

Financial assets

                    

Deposits with banks

  $     $             $ 716     $ 948             $     $     $ 716      $ 948  

Securities mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL

                    

Government issued or guaranteed

    2,190       3,917         23,197  (1)      25,091  (1)                    25,387        29,008  

Corporate equity

    35,167       27,919         50       47         19       16       35,236        27,982  

Corporate debt

                  3,230       3,525         30       25       3,260        3,550  

Mortgage- and asset-backed

                        2,572  (2)      2,018  (2)              102       135       2,674        2,153  
      37,357       31,836               29,049       30,681               151       176       66,557        62,693  

Loans mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL

                    

Business and government

                  22,804       23,022         879  (3)      626  (3)      23,683        23,648  

Residential mortgages

                        42       63                           42        63  
                          22,846       23,085               879       626       23,725        23,711  

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

                    

Government issued or guaranteed

    3,176       3,912         39,363       41,269                     42,539        45,181  

Corporate debt

                  6,347       6,224                     6,347        6,224  

Mortgage- and asset-backed

                        2,448       2,563                           2,448        2,563  
      3,176       3,912               48,158       50,056                           51,334        53,968  

Equity securities designated at FVOCI

                    

Corporate equity

    47       41               293       304               269       240       609        585  

Securities purchased under resale agreements

                    

measured at FVTPL

                        7,710       7,505                           7,710        7,505  

Derivative instruments

                    

Interest rate

          4         11,664       12,793         45       48       11,709        12,845  

Foreign exchange

                  13,861       11,462                     13,861        11,462  

Credit

                  3       8         101       98       104        106  

Equity

    4,259       3,153         1,677       1,791         61       212       5,997        5,156  

Precious metal

                  302       283                     302        283  

Other commodity

    160       271               2,032       2,607                           2,192        2,878  
      4,419       3,428               29,539       28,944               207       358       34,165        32,730  

Total financial assets

  $ 44,999     $     39,217             $ 138,311     $     141,523             $     1,506     $     1,400     $     184,816      $     182,140  

Financial liabilities

                    

Deposits and other liabilities (4)

  $     $       $ (15,367   $ (13,176     $ (367   $ 4     $ (15,734    $ (13,172

Obligations related to securities sold short

    (7,140     (5,363       (12,336     (10,600                   (19,476      (15,963

Obligations related to securities sold under

                    

repurchase agreements

                        (17,029     (17,036                         (17,029      (17,036

Derivative instruments

                    

Interest rate

                  (8,931     (9,964       (74     (28     (9,005      (9,992

Foreign exchange

                  (13,021     (10,883                   (13,021      (10,883

Credit

                  (45     (41       (113     (107     (158      (148

Equity

    (3,739     (3,537       (4,714     (3,288       (137     (163     (8,590      (6,988

Precious metal

    (2             (250     (366                   (252      (366

Other commodity

    (221     (325             (911     (1,806                         (1,132      (2,131
      (3,962     (3,862             (27,872     (26,348             (324     (298     (32,158      (30,508

Total financial liabilities

  $     (11,102   $     (9,225           $     (72,604   $   (67,160           $ (691   $ (294   $ (84,397    $ (76,679
(1)

Includes $54 million related to securities designated at FVTPL (October 31, 2020: $57 million).

(2)

Includes $41 million related to asset-backed securities designated at FVTPL (October 31, 2020: $60 million).

(3)

Includes $406 million related to loans designated at FVTPL (October 31, 2020: $357 million).

(4)

Comprises deposits designated at FVTPL of $15,328 million (October 31, 2020: $13,419 million), net bifurcated embedded derivative liabilities of $264 million (net bifurcated embedded derivative assets of $389 million as at October 31, 2020), other liabilities designated at FVTPL of $12 million (October 31, 2020: $9 million), and other financial liabilities measured at fair value of $130 million (October 31, 2020: $133 million).

Transfers between levels in the fair value hierarchy are deemed to have occurred at the beginning of the year in which the transfer occurred. Transfers between levels can occur as a result of additional or new information regarding valuation inputs and changes in their observability. During the quarter, we transferred $19 million of securities mandatorily measured at FVTPL (for the quarter ended October 31, 2020: $953 million) and $128 million of securities sold short (for the quarter ended October 31, 2020: $1,178 million) from Level 1 to Level 2 due to changes in the observability of the inputs used to value these securities. In addition, transfers between Level 2 and Level 3 were made during the quarters ended January 31, 2021, October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, primarily due to changes in the observability of certain market volatility inputs that were used in measuring the fair value of our embedded derivatives.

The following table presents the changes in fair value of financial assets and liabilities in Level 3. These instruments are measured at fair value utilizing non-observable market inputs. We often hedge positions with offsetting positions that may be classified in a different level. As a result, the gains and losses for assets and liabilities in the Level 3 category presented in the table below do not reflect the effect of offsetting gains and losses on the related hedging instruments that are classified in Level 1 and Level 2.

 

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Net gains (losses)
included in income (1)

                                     
$ millions, for the three months ended   Opening
balance
    Realized (2)     Unrealized (2)(3)     Net unrealized
gains (losses)
included in OCI (4)
    Transfer
in to
Level 3
    Transfer
out of
Level 3
    Purchases/
Issuances
    Sales/
Settlements
    Closing
balance
 

Jan. 31, 2021

                 

Securities mandatorily measured at FVTPL

                 

Corporate equity

  $ 16     $     $ 3     $     $     $     $     $     $ 19  

Corporate debt

    25             5                                     30  

Mortgage- and asset-backed

    135                                           (33     102  

Loans mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL

                 

Business and government

    626                   (25                 278             879  

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

                 

Corporate debt

                                                     

Equity securities designated at FVOCI

                 

Corporate equity

    240                   19                   17       (7     269  

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    48             (4                             1       45  

Credit

    98       (6     9                                     101  

Equity

    212             15                               (166     61  

Total assets

  $ 1,400     $ (6   $ 28     $     (6   $     $     $ 295     $ (205   $ 1,506  

Deposits and other liabilities (5)

  $ 4     $     $ (387   $     $ (2   $ (5   $ (2   $ 25     $ (367

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    (28           (47                             1       (74

Credit

    (107     6       (8                             (4     (113

Equity

    (163           (44                             70       (137

Total liabilities

  $ (294   $ 6     $     (486   $     $ (2   $ (5   $ (2   $ 92     $ (691

Oct. 31, 2020

                 

Securities mandatorily measured at FVTPL

                 

Corporate equity

  $ 7     $     $ (1   $     $     $     $ 10     $     $ 16  

Corporate debt

    26             (1                                   25  

Mortgage- and asset-backed

    137                                           (2     135  

Loans mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL

                 

Business and government

    869                   (2                 244       (485     626  

Equity securities designated at FVOCI

                 

Corporate equity

    275                   36                   20       (91     240  

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    41             12                         2       (7     48  

Credit

    100       (1     (1                                   98  

Equity

    245             (32                             (1     212  

Total assets

  $ 1,700     $ (1   $ (23   $ 34     $     $     $     276     $ (586   $ 1,400  

Deposits and other liabilities (5)

  $ 15     $     $ (18   $     $ 2     $ (1   $ (3   $ 9     $ 4  

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    (5           (24                             1       (28

Credit

    (108     1                                           (107

Equity

    (156           (8                             1       (163

Total liabilities

  $ (254   $ 1     $ (50   $     $ 2     $ (1)     $ (3   $ 11     $ (294

Jan. 31, 2020

                 

Securities mandatorily measured at FVTPL

                 

Corporate equity

  $ 7     $     $     $     $ 7     $     $     $     $ 14  

Corporate debt

    23                                                 23  

Mortgage- and asset-backed

    173                                           (13     160  

Loans mandatorily measured at FVTPL

                 

Business and government

    831                   4                         (329     506  

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

                 

Corporate debt

                      3       20                         23  

Equity securities designated at FVOCI

                 

Corporate equity

    291                   49       (7           10       (60     283  

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    56             3                         1       (13     47  

Credit

    104       (1     1                                     104  

Equity

    252             12                         44       (42     266  

Total assets

  $     1,737     $     (1   $ 16     $     56     $ 20     $     $ 55     $     (457   $     1,426  

Deposits and other liabilities (5)

  $ (601   $     $ (52   $     $     (37   $     31     $ (102   $ 114     $ (647

Derivative instruments

                 

Interest rate

    (1           (2                             3        

Credit

    (112     1       (1                                   (112

Equity

    (155                 21                         (10     23       (121

Total liabilities

  $ (869   $ 1     $ (34   $     $ (37   $ 31     $ (112   $ 140     $ (880
(1)

Cumulative AOCI gains or losses related to equity securities designated at FVOCI are reclassified from AOCI to retained earnings at the time of disposal or derecognition.

(2)

Includes foreign currency gains and losses related to debt securities measured at FVOCI.

(3)

Comprises unrealized gains and losses relating to the assets and liabilities held at the end of the reporting period.

(4)

Foreign exchange translation on loans mandatorily measured at FVTPL held by foreign operations and denominated in the same currency as the foreign operations is included in OCI.

(5)

Includes deposits designated at FVTPL of $136 million (October 31, 2020: $137 million; January 31, 2020: $135 million) and net bifurcated embedded derivative liabilities of $231 million (net bifurcated embedded derivative assets of $141 million as at October 31, 2020 and net bifurcated embedded derivative liabilities of $512 million as at January 31, 2020).

Financial instruments designated at FVTPL (fair value option)

A net gain of $19 million, net of hedges for the three months ended January 31, 2021 (a net gain of $5 million and a net gain of $6 million for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively), which is included in the interim consolidated statement of income under Gains (losses) from financial instruments measured/designated at FVTPL, net was recognized for FVO assets and FVO liabilities.

The fair value of a FVO liability reflects the credit risk relating to that liability. For those FVO liabilities for which we believe changes in our credit risk would impact the fair value from the note holders’ perspective, the related fair value changes were recognized in OCI.

 

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Note 4.    Significant transactions

Sale of FirstCaribbean International Bank Limited

On November 8, 2019, we announced that we had entered into a definitive agreement to sell 66.73% of the outstanding shares of FirstCaribbean International Bank Limited (CIBC FirstCaribbean) to GNB Financial Group Limited (GNB), subject to regulatory approvals, as discussed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report.

As a result of the lengthy regulatory review process, the worsening impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Caribbean economy and our revised expectations concerning the likelihood and timing of a potential transaction, we discontinued the application of held for sale accounting of CIBC FirstCaribbean in the fourth quarter of 2020 and recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $220 million based on current market conditions rather than the agreement with GNB. On February 3, 2021, we announced that the proposed sale of CIBC FirstCaribbean to GNB did not receive approval from CIBC FirstCaribbean’s regulators and that the transaction will not proceed.

Note 5.    Securities

Securities

 

$ millions, as at    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 
      Carrying amount  

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

   $ 51,334      $ 53,968  

Equity securities designated at FVOCI

     609        585  

Securities measured at amortized cost (1)

     31,993        31,800  

Securities mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL

     66,557        62,693  
     $     150,493      $     149,046  
(1)

There were no sales of securities measured at amortized cost during the quarter (October 31, 2020: nil).

Fair value of debt securities measured and equity securities designated at FVOCI

 

$ millions, as at                           2021
Jan. 31
                            2020
Oct. 31
 
      Amortized
cost
 (1)
     Gross
unrealized
gains
     Gross
unrealized
losses
   

Fair

value

     Amortized
cost (1)
     Gross
unrealized
gains
     Gross
unrealized
losses
   

Fair

value

 

Securities issued or guaranteed by:

                     

Canadian federal government

   $ 10,319      $ 46      $     $ 10,365      $ 11,379      $ 32      $ (2   $ 11,409  

Other Canadian governments

     13,354        182              13,536        15,187        128              15,315  

U.S. Treasury and agencies

     12,295        51              12,346        12,533        63              12,596  

Other foreign governments

     6,259        36        (3     6,292        5,825        38        (2     5,861  

Mortgage-backed securities

     2,054        49        (1     2,102        2,320        49        (1     2,368  

Asset-backed securities

     348               (2     346        197               (2     195  

Corporate debt

     6,322        26        (1     6,347        6,194        31        (1     6,224  
       50,951        390        (7     51,334        53,635        341        (8     53,968  

Corporate public equity (2)

     28        20              48        30        15        (3     42  

Corporate private equity

     544        55        (38     561        546        43        (46     543  
       572        75        (38     609        576        58        (49     585  
     $     51,523      $     465      $     (45   $     51,943      $     54,211      $     399        $    (57   $     54,553  
(1)

Net of allowance for credit losses for debt securities measured at FVOCI of $20 million (October 31, 2020: $22 million).

(2)

Includes restricted stock.

The fair value of equity securities designated at FVOCI that were disposed of during the quarter was $7 million ($88 million and nil for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively). Net realized cumulative after-tax gains resulting from dispositions of equity securities designated at FVOCI and return on capital distributions from limited partnerships designated at FVOCI of $3 million were reclassified from AOCI to retained earnings for the three months ended January 31, 2021 ($62 million and $29 million for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively).

Dividend income recognized on equity securities designated at FVOCI that were still held as at January 31, 2021 was $1 million ($1 million and $4 million for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively). Dividend income recognized on equity securities designated at FVOCI that were disposed of as at January 31, 2021 was nil ($2 million and nil for the three months ended October 31, 2020 and January 31, 2020, respectively).

 

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Table of Contents

Allowance for credit losses

The following table provides a reconciliation of the opening balance to the closing balance of the expected credit loss (ECL) allowance for debt securities measured at FVOCI:

 

         Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3             
$ millions, as at or for the three months ended    Collective provision
12-month ECL
performing
    Collective provision
lifetime ECL
performing
    Collective and
individual provision
lifetime ECL
credit-impaired
          Total  

2021

 

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

           

Jan. 31

 

Balance at beginning of period

   $     18     $ 4     $        $ 22  
 

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (1)

     (1     (1              (2
 

Write-offs

                           
   

Foreign exchange and other

                             
   

Balance at end of period

   $ 17     $ 3     $          $ 20  

2020

 

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

           

Oct. 31

 

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 19     $ 5     $        $ 24  
 

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (1)

           (1              (1
 

Write-offs

                           
   

Foreign exchange and other

     (1                      (1
   

Balance at end of period

   $ 18     $ 4     $          $ 22  

2020

 

Debt securities measured at FVOCI

           

Jan. 31

 

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 14     $ 3     $ 6        $ 23  
 

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (1)

     (1                    (1
 

Write-offs

                           
   

Foreign exchange and other

     1       (1                 
   

Balance at end of period

   $ 14     $     2     $     6          $     22  
(1)

Included in gains (losses) from debt securities measured at FVOCI and amortized cost, net on our interim consolidated statement of income.

 

50   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

Note 6.    Loans

Allowance for credit losses

The following table provides a reconciliation of the opening balance to the closing balance of the ECL allowance:

 

$ millions, as at or for the three months ended   

2021

Jan. 31

 
     Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3         
     

Collective
provision
12-month

ECL

performing

   

Collective
provision
lifetime

ECL

performing

    Collective and
individual
provision
lifetime ECL
credit-impaired
     Total  

Residential mortgages

         

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 51     $ 161     $ 151      $ 363  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

     4       (6     (4      (6

Changes in model

                         

Net remeasurement (1)

     (32     7       22        (3

Transfers (1)

         

– to 12-month ECL

     33       (27     (6       

– to lifetime ECL performing

     (3     10       (7       

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

           (5     5         

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

     2       (21     10        (9

Write-offs

                 (6      (6

Recoveries

                 1        1  

Interest income on impaired loans

                 (4      (4

Foreign exchange and other

     (1     (4     (4      (9

Balance at end of period

   $ 52     $ 136     $ 148      $ 336  

Personal

         

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 204     $ 546     $ 113      $ 863  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

     11       (15     (2      (6

Changes in model

     1       1              2  

Net remeasurement (1)

     (110     84       61        35  

Transfers (1)

         

– to 12-month ECL

     87       (84     (3       

– to lifetime ECL performing

     (11     16       (5       

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

           (13     13         

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

     (22     (11     64        31  

Write-offs

                 (74      (74

Recoveries

                 17        17  

Interest income on impaired loans

                 (1      (1

Foreign exchange and other

     (1           (1      (2

Balance at end of period

   $ 181     $ 535     $ 118      $ 834  

Credit card

         

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 136     $ 572     $      $ 708  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

     (1     (26            (27

Changes in model

                         

Net remeasurement (1)

     (88     117       23        52  

Transfers (1)

         

– to 12-month ECL

     79       (79             

– to lifetime ECL performing

     (10     10               

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

           (20     20         

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

     (20     2       43        25  

Write-offs

                 (70      (70

Recoveries

                 27        27  

Interest income on impaired loans

                         

Foreign exchange and other

                         

Balance at end of period

   $ 116     $ 574     $      $ 690  

Business and government

         

Balance at beginning of period

   $ 453     $ 683     $ 652      $ 1,788  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

     17       (23     (5      (11

Changes in model

                         

Net remeasurement (1)

     (62     55       118        111  

Transfers (1)

         

– to 12-month ECL

     81       (75     (6       

– to lifetime ECL performing

     (12     14       (2       

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

     (2     (12     14         

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

     22       (41     119        100  

Write-offs

                 (70      (70

Recoveries

                 3        3  

Interest income on impaired loans

                 (6      (6

Foreign exchange and other

     (13     (19     (12      (44

Balance at end of period

   $ 462     $ 623     $ 686      $ 1,771  

Total ECL allowance (3)

   $ 811     $ 1,868     $ 952      $ 3,631  

Comprises:

         

Loans

   $        724     $     1,808     $        952      $     3,484  

Undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures (4)

     87       60              147  
(1)

Transfers represent stage movements of prior period ECL allowances to the current period stage classification. Net remeasurement represents the current period change in ECL allowances for transfers, net write-offs, changes in forecasts of forward-looking information, parameter updates, and partial repayments in the period.

(2)

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses for loans and undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures is presented as Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on our interim consolidated statement of income.

(3)

See Note 5 for the ECL allowance on debt securities measured at FVOCI. The table above excludes the ECL allowance on debt securities classified at amortized cost of $16 million as at January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $16 million; January 31, 2020: $2 million), $13 million of which was a stage 3 ECL allowance on originated credit-impaired amortized cost debt securities (October 31, 2020: $14 million; January 31, 2020: nil). The ECL allowances for other financial assets classified at amortized cost were immaterial as at January 31, 2021 and were excluded from the table above. Financial assets other than loans that are classified at amortized cost are presented on our interim consolidated balance sheet net of ECL allowances.

(4)

Included in Other liabilities on our interim consolidated balance sheet.

(5)

Includes the ECL allowance for purchased credit-impaired loans from the acquisition of The PrivateBank.

 

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$ millions, as at or for the three months ended   2020
Oct. 31
    2020
Jan. 31
 
    Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3           Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3        
     Collective
provision
12-month
ECL
performing
    Collective
provision
lifetime
ECL
performing
    Collective and
individual
provision
lifetime ECL
credit-impaired
    Total     Collective
provision
12-month
ECL
performing
    Collective
provision
lifetime
ECL
performing
   

Collective and
individual
provision

lifetime ECL
credit-impaired (5)

    Total  

Residential mortgages

               

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 48     $ 88     $ 165     $ 301     $ 28     $ 43     $ 140     $ 211  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

    4       (4     (3     (3     1       (3     (5     (7

Changes in model

          25             25       (1                 (1

Net remeasurement (1)

    (15     58       5       48       (12     7       22       17  

Transfers (1)

               

– to 12-month ECL

    22       (17     (5           12       (10     (2      

– to lifetime ECL performing

    (8     14       (6           (1     5       (4      

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

          (3     3                   (2     2        

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

    3       73       (6     70       (1     (3     13       9  

Write-offs

                (5     (5                 (3     (3

Recoveries

                2       2                   1       1  

Interest income on impaired loans

                (5     (5                 (5     (5

Foreign exchange and other

                            1                   1  

Balance at end of period

  $ 51     $ 161     $ 151     $ 363     $ 28     $ 40     $ 146     $ 214  

Personal

               

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 169     $ 558     $ 131     $ 858     $ 174     $ 271     $ 128     $ 573  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

    17       (13     (2     2       9       (13     (3     (7

Changes in model

    22       81             103       11       (7           4  

Net remeasurement (1)

    (83     (1     37       (47     (71     90       64       83  

Transfers (1)

               

– to 12-month ECL

    114       (110     (4           67       (65     (2      

– to lifetime ECL performing

    (35     42       (7           (8     11       (3      

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

          (11     11                   (19     19        

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

    35       (12     35       58       8       (3     75       80  

Write-offs

                (67     (67                 (100     (100

Recoveries

                16       16                   20       20  

Interest income on impaired loans

                (1     (1                 (1     (1

Foreign exchange and other

                (1     (1                 (1     (1

Balance at end of period

  $ 204     $ 546     $ 113     $ 863     $ 182     $ 268     $ 121     $ 571  

Credit card

               

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 144     $ 566     $     $ 710     $ 145     $ 340     $     $ 485  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

          (14           (14           (17           (17

Changes in model

                            13       5             18  

Net remeasurement (1)

    (97     146       12       61       (77     156       40       119  

Transfers (1)

               

– to 12-month ECL

    95       (95                 87       (87            

– to lifetime ECL performing

    (6     6                   (9     9              

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

          (37     37                   (58     58        

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

    (8     6       49       47       14       8       98       120  

Write-offs

                (77     (77                 (126     (126

Recoveries

                28       28                   28       28  

Interest income on impaired loans

                                               

Foreign exchange and other

                                  (1           (1

Balance at end of period

  $ 136     $ 572     $     $ 708     $ 159     $ 347     $     $ 506  

Business and government

               

Balance at beginning of period

  $ 568     $ 558     $ 614     $ 1,740     $ 239     $ 158     $ 378     $ 775  

Originations net of repayments and other derecognitions

    12       (28     (5     (21     7       (5     (5     (3

Changes in model

                                  4       (1     3  

Net remeasurement (1)

    (140     240       37       137       (29     22       59       52  

Transfers (1)

               

– to 12-month ECL

    48       (45     (3           24       (22     (2      

– to lifetime ECL performing

    (15     18       (3           (11     12       (1      

– to lifetime ECL credit-impaired

    (17     (57     74                   (8     8        

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses (2)

    (112     128       100       116       (9     3       58       52  

Write-offs

                (54     (54                 (40     (40

Recoveries

                1       1                   3       3  

Interest income on impaired loans

                (7     (7                 (5     (5

Foreign exchange and other

    (3     (3     (2     (8     1       2       (1     2  

Balance at end of period

  $ 453     $ 683     $ 652     $ 1,788     $ 231     $ 163     $ 393     $ 787  

Total ECL allowance (3)

  $ 844     $ 1,962     $ 916     $ 3,722     $ 600     $ 818     $ 660     $ 2,078  

Comprises:

               

Loans

  $     735     $     1,891     $     914     $     3,540     $     537     $     753     $     658     $     1,948  

Undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures (4)

    109       71       2       182       63       65       2       130  

See previous page for footnote references.

 

52   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


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Inputs, assumptions and model techniques

The uncertainties inherent in the COVID-19 pandemic have increased the level of judgment applied in estimating ECLs. See Note 6 to our consolidated financial statements in our 2020 Annual Report for more information concerning the significant estimates and credit judgment inherent in the estimation of ECL allowances.

The forecasting of forward-looking information and the determination of scenario weightings in the COVID-19 pandemic continued to require a heightened application of judgment in a number of areas as our forecast reflects numerous assumptions and uncertainties regarding the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The following tables provide the base case, upside case and downside case scenario forecasts for select forward-looking information variables used to estimate our ECL.

 

     Base case     Upside case      Downside case  
As at January 31, 2021    Average
value over
the next
12 months
    Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
   

Average

value over

the next
12 months

     Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
     Average
value over
the next
12 months
     Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
 

Real GDP year-over-year growth

               

Canada (2)

     4.0  %      3.9  %      6.0  %       4.4  %       2.5  %       2.1  % 

United States

     4.1  %      3.2  %      5.8  %       4.5  %       1.8  %       1.9  % 

Unemployment rate

               

Canada (2)

     7.8  %      6.1  %      7.3  %       5.7  %       8.6  %       7.4  % 

United States

     5.9  %      4.1  %      4.5  %       3.4  %       7.4  %       5.8  % 

Canadian Housing Price Index growth (2)

     1.5  %      3.2  %      12.2  %       10.2  %       (9.9 )%       0.3  % 

S&P 500 Index growth rate

     5.0  %      5.0  %      13.0  %       10.8  %       (5.5 )%       (2.9 )% 

West Texas Intermediate Oil Price (US$)

   $     50     $     55     $     54      $     62      $     41      $     46  

 

     Base case     Upside case      Downside case  
As at October 31, 2020    Average
value over
the next
12 months
    Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
    Average
value over
the next
12 months
     Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
     Average
value over
the next
12 months
     Average
value over
the remaining
forecast period (1)
 

Real GDP year-over-year growth

               

Canada (2)

     1.6  %      3.8  %      3.6       4.6       0.03       2.0 

United States

     1.7  %      3.5  %      3.0       4.2       (0.6 )%       1.7 

Unemployment rate

               

Canada (2)

             8.7              6.7            7.4             5.9             9.5             8.4 

United States

     7.4      4.7      5.1       3.5       9.2       7.3 

Canadian Housing Price Index growth (2)

     2.4      3.0      11.2       10.4       (6.9 )%       (0.8 )% 

S&P 500 Index growth rate

     5.6      4.8      11.2       7.7       (3.5 )%       (5.3 )% 

West Texas Intermediate Oil Price (US$)

   $     42       $     53       $     51        $     60        $     34      $     39  
(1)

The remaining forecast period is generally two years.

(2)

National-level forward-looking forecasts are presented in the table above, which represent the aggregation of the provincial-level forecasts used to estimate our ECL. Housing Price Index growth rates are also forecasted at the municipal level in some cases. As a result, the forecasts for individual provinces or municipalities reflected in our ECL will differ from the national forecasts presented above.

As required, the forward-looking information used to estimate expected credit losses reflects our expectations as at January 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020, respectively, and does not reflect changes in expectation as a result of economic forecasts that may have subsequently emerged. The base case, upside case and downside case amounts shown represent the average value of the forecasts over the respective projection horizons. Our economic forecasts are made in the context of the recovery currently underway from the severe downturn experienced in the second calendar quarter of 2020. As at January 31, 2021, our underlying base case projection is characterized by a brief drop in economic activity in the first calendar quarter of 2021 due to temporary restrictions on activity in response to the current wave of infections and the new variants, followed by stronger recovery in the latter half of calendar 2021 as our outlook assumes that effective mass vaccinations will be underway over the spring and summer and that the vaccination programs will be able to effectively respond to the emerging variants. Our base case projection assumes that economic activity will return to pre-COVID-19 levels just before the end of calendar year 2021.

While vaccination of targeted groups have commenced across much of the world, uncertainty remains about how quickly a large enough majority of the population can be effectively immunized to reduce subsequent rates of infection, including in response to emerging variants of the virus. The downside case forecast still reflects a recovery from the severe low experienced in the second calendar quarter of 2020, but to a much lower level of sustained economic activity. Meanwhile, the upside scenario continues to reflect a quicker recovery with the pre-pandemic level of activity reached in the third calendar quarter of 2021.

 

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While there has been a modest overall improvement in our outlook over the past quarter, the improvement is not as significant as implied by the annualized forecasts above as a result of the current quarter’s forecast being less impacted by the more significant downturn experienced in 2020. The graphs below compare the actual and forecasted base case real GDP levels in Canada and the U.S. on a calendar quarter basis to the forecasts from the fourth quarter of 2020:

 

 

LOGO

  

LOGO

 

As indicated above, forecasting forward-looking information for multiple scenarios and determining the probability weighting of the scenarios involves a high degree of management judgment, particularly in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Assumptions concerning the timing and effectiveness of mass vaccination programs to control the spread of COVID-19 and its variants such that severe restrictions will no longer need to be imposed by governments to limit the impact of subsequent waves of infection, are material to these forecasts.

If we were to only use our base case scenario for the measurement of ECL for our performing loans, our ECL allowance would be $309 million lower than the recognized ECL as at January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $204 million). If we were to only use our downside case scenario for the measurement of ECL for our performing loans, our ECL allowance would be $682 million higher than the recognized ECL as at January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $938 million). This sensitivity is isolated to the measurement of ECL and therefore did not consider changes in the migration of exposures between stage 1 and stage 2 from the determination of the significant increase in credit risk that would have resulted in a 100% base case scenario or a 100% downside case scenario. As a result, our ECL allowance on performing loans could exceed the amount implied by the 100% downside case scenario from the migration of additional exposures from stage 1 to stage 2. Actual credit losses could differ materially from those reflected in our estimates.

 

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The following tables provide the gross carrying amount of loans, and the contractual amounts of undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures based on the application of our 12-month point-in-time probability of default (PD) under IFRS 9 to our risk management PD bands for retail exposures, and based on our internal risk ratings for business and government exposures. Refer to the “Credit risk” section of our 2020 Annual Report for details on the CIBC risk categories.

Loans(1)

 

$ millions, as at  

2021
Jan. 31

   

2020
Oct. 31

 
     Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3 (2)      Total     Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3 (2)      Total  

Residential mortgages

                 

– Exceptionally low

  $ 150,641     $ 6     $      $ 150,647     $ 146,139     $ 2     $      $ 146,141  

– Very low

    47,164       1,670              48,834       45,678       1,166              46,844  

– Low

    12,311       5,609              17,920       12,491       6,042              18,533  

– Medium

    278       4,567              4,845       232       4,924              5,156  

– High

    1       1,021              1,022             1,054              1,054  

– Default

                620        620                   654        654  

– Not rated

    1,814       727       165        2,706       1,810       818       155        2,783  

Gross residential mortgages (3)(4)

    212,209       13,600       785        226,594       206,350       14,006       809        221,165  

ECL allowance

    52       136       148        336       51       161       151        363  

Net residential mortgages

    212,157       13,464       637        226,258       206,299       13,845       658        220,802  

Personal

                 

– Exceptionally low

    22,955                    22,955       23,302                    23,302  

– Very low

    1,644       150              1,794       1,618       157              1,775  

– Low

    8,919       2,354              11,273       8,662       2,497              11,159  

– Medium

    1,406       2,571              3,977       1,265       2,768              4,033  

– High

    303       816              1,119       331       769              1,100  

– Default

                150        150                   140        140  

– Not rated

    523       136       44        703       513       159       41        713  

Gross personal (4)

    35,750       6,027       194        41,971       35,691       6,350       181        42,222  

ECL allowance

    159       530       118        807       179       540       113        832  

Net personal

    35,591       5,497       76        41,164       35,512       5,810       68        41,390  

Credit card

                 

– Exceptionally low

    2,949                    2,949       3,285                    3,285  

– Very low

    1,341                    1,341       1,388                    1,388  

– Low

    2,244                    2,244       2,340                    2,340  

– Medium

    1,722       1,833              3,555       1,778       1,973              3,751  

– High

          477              477             472              472  

– Default

                                                 

– Not rated

    143                    143       135       18              153  

Gross credit card

    8,399       2,310              10,709       8,926       2,463              11,389  

ECL allowance

    106       553              659       125       542              667  

Net credit card

    8,293       1,757              10,050       8,801       1,921              10,722  

Business and government (5)

                 

– Investment grade

    51,909       253              52,162       50,691       307              50,998  

Non-investment grade

    81,511       5,654              87,165       80,471       7,319              87,790  

– Watchlist

    476       3,633              4,109       447       4,291              4,738  

– Default

                1,476        1,476                   1,359        1,359  

– Not rated

    216       57              273       218       49              267  

Gross business and government (3)(6)

    134,112       9,597       1,476        145,185       131,827       11,966       1,359        145,152  

ECL allowance

    407       589       686        1,682       380       648       650        1,678  

Net business and government

    133,705       9,008       790        143,503       131,447       11,318       709        143,474  

Total net amount of loans

  $     389,746     $     29,726     $     1,503      $     420,975     $     382,059     $     32,894     $     1,435      $     416,388  
(1)

The table excludes debt securities measured at FVOCI, for which ECL allowances of $20 million (October 31, 2020: $22 million) were recognized in AOCI. In addition, the table excludes debt securities classified at amortized cost, for which ECL allowances of $16 million were recognized as at January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $16 million), $13 million of which was stage 3 ECL allowance on originated credit-impaired amortized cost debt securities (October 31, 2020: $14 million). Other financial assets classified at amortized cost were also excluded from the table above as their ECL allowances were immaterial as at January 31, 2021 and October 31, 2020. Financial assets other than loans that are classified as amortized cost are presented on our interim consolidated balance sheet net of ECL allowances.

(2)

Excludes foreclosed assets of $26 million (October 31, 2020: $23 million) which were included in Other assets on our interim consolidated balance sheet.

(3)

Includes $42 million (October 31, 2020: $63 million) of residential mortgages and $23,277 million (October 31, 2020: $23,291 million) of business and government loans that are measured at FVTPL.

(4)

The internal risk rating grades presented for residential mortgages and certain personal loans do not take into account loan guarantees or insurance issued by the Canadian government (federal or provincial), Canadian government agencies, or private insurers, as the determination of whether a significant increase in credit risk has occurred for these loans is based on relative changes in the loans’ lifetime PD without considering collateral or other credit enhancements.

(5)

Certain prior period amounts were restated.

(6)

Includes customers’ liability under acceptances of $10,322 million (October 31, 2020: $9,606 million).

 

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Undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures

$ millions, as at                        2021
Jan. 31
                         2020
Oct. 31
 
     Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3     Total     Stage 1     Stage 2     Stage 3     Total  

Retail

               

– Exceptionally low

  $ 127,758     $ 5     $     $ 127,763     $ 124,690     $ 8     $     $ 124,698  

– Very low

    7,233       139             7,372       6,632       137             6,769  

– Low

    8,720       316             9,036       8,703       416             9,119  

– Medium

    892       580             1,472       909       692             1,601  

– High

    64       439             503       263       503             766  

– Default

                25       25                   28       28  

– Not rated

    400       19             419       411       23             434  

Gross retail

    145,067       1,498       25       146,590       141,608       1,779       28       143,415  

ECL allowance

    32       26             58       36       36             72  

Net retail

    145,035       1,472       25       146,532       141,572       1,743       28       143,343  

Business and government (1)

               

– Investment grade

    91,590       19             91,609       89,883       149             90,032  

Non-investment grade

    57,993       3,029             61,022       55,910       3,679             59,589  

– Watchlist

    46       1,410             1,456       91       1,665             1,756  

– Default

                201       201                   129       129  

– Not rated

    674       27             701       795       41             836  

Gross business and government

    150,303       4,485       201       154,989       14       5,534       129       152,342  

ECL allowance

    55       34             89       73       35       2       110  

Net business and government

    150,248       4,451       201       154,900       14       5,499       127       152,232  

Total net undrawn credit facilities and other off-balance sheet exposures

  $     295,283     $     5,923     $     226     $     301,432     $     288,178     $     7,242     $     155     $     295,575  
(1)

Certain prior period amounts were restated.

Note 7.    Deposits(1)(2)

 

$ millions, as at                            2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 
      Payable on
demand
 (3)
    

Payable

after notice (4)

     Payable on a
fixed date 
(5)(6)
     Total      Total  

Personal

   $     14,510      $     138,108      $     53,472      $     206,090      $     202,152  

Business and government (7)

     88,248        78,197        144,000        310,445        311,426  

Bank

     9,042        432        9,192        18,666        17,011  

Secured borrowings (8)

                   38,726        38,726        40,151  
     $ 111,800      $ 216,737      $ 245,390      $ 573,927      $ 570,740  

Comprised of:

              

Held at amortized cost

            $ 558,599      $ 557,321  

Designated at fair value

                                15,328        13,419  
                                $ 573,927      $ 570,740  

Total deposits include (9):

              

Non-interest-bearing deposits

              

Canada

            $ 76,280      $ 71,122  

U.S.

              13,339        13,833  

Other international

              5,461        5,798  

Interest-bearing deposits

              

Canada

              385,250        389,439  

U.S.

              68,385        66,399  

Other international

                                25,212        24,149  
                                $ 573,927      $ 570,740  
(1)

Includes deposits of $191.4 billion (October 31, 2020: $185.2 billion) denominated in U.S. dollars and deposits of $30.7 billion (October 31, 2020: $30.2 billion) denominated in other foreign currencies.

(2)

Net of purchased notes of $3,280 million (October 31, 2020: $3,063 million).

(3)

Includes all deposits for which we do not have the right to require notice of withdrawal. These deposits are generally chequing accounts.

(4)

Includes all deposits for which we can legally require notice of withdrawal. These deposits are generally savings accounts.

(5)

Includes all deposits that mature on a specified date. These deposits are generally term deposits, guaranteed investment certificates, and similar instruments.

(6)

Includes $22,622 million (October 31, 2020: $19,925 million) of deposits which are subject to the bank recapitalization (bail-in) conversion regulations issued by the Department of Finance Canada. These regulations provide certain statutory powers to the Canada Deposit Insurance Corporation (CDIC), including the ability to convert specified eligible shares and liabilities of CIBC into common shares in the event that CIBC is determined to be non-viable.

(7)

Includes $302 million (October 31, 2020: $303 million) of Notes issued to CIBC Capital Trust.

(8)

Comprises liabilities issued by, or as a result of, activities associated with the securitization of residential mortgages, covered bond programme, and consolidated securitization vehicles.

(9)

Classification is based on geographical location of the CIBC office.

Note 8.    Subordinated indebtedness

On January 26, 2021, we redeemed all $1.0 billion of our 3.42% Debentures due January 26, 2026. In accordance with their terms, the Debentures were redeemed at 100% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest thereon.

 

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Note 9.    Share capital

Common shares

$ millions, except number of shares, for the three months ended      2021
Jan. 31
            2020
Oct. 31
     2020
Jan. 31
 
      Number
of shares
     Amount     Number
of shares
     Amount      Number
of shares
     Amount  

Balance at beginning of period

     447,085,329      $     13,908       446,008,888      $ 13,800        445,341,675      $ 13,591  

Issuance pursuant to:

                

Equity-settled share-based compensation plans (1)

     294,626        29       236,999        24        474,948        51  

Shareholder investment plan

     294,164        32       329,447        33        334,004        36  

Employee share purchase plan

     346,076        38       323,052        32        324,279        36  
     448,020,195        $    14,007       446,898,386      $ 13,889        446,474,906      $ 13,714  

Purchase of common shares for cancellation

                                (1,497,800      (46

Treasury shares

     (170,590      (16     186,943        19        4,427        1  

Balance at end of period

     447,849,605      $     13,991       447,085,329      $     13,908        444,981,533      $     13,669  
(1)

Includes the settlement of contingent consideration related to prior acquisitions.

Regulatory capital and leverage ratios

Our capital ratios and leverage ratio are presented in the table below:

$ millions, as at        2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
 

Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) capital (1)

    $     31,438      $ 30,876  

Tier 1 capital

  A     35,284        34,775  

Total capital

      40,355        40,969  

Total risk-weighted assets (RWA)

      256,119        254,871  

CET1 ratio

      12.3  %       12.1  % 

Tier 1 capital ratio

      13.8  %       13.6  % 

Total capital ratio

      15.8  %       16.1  % 

Leverage ratio exposure (2)

  B   $     756,688      $     741,760  

Leverage ratio

  A/B     4.7  %       4.7  % 
(1)

Includes the impact of the ECL transitional arrangement announced by OSFI on March 27, 2020. The transitional arrangement results in a portion of ECL allowances that would otherwise be included in Tier 2 capital qualifying for inclusion in CET1 capital. The amount is subject to certain adjustments and limitations until fiscal 2022.

(2)

Includes the impact of regulatory flexibility provided by OSFI in respect of exposures arising from central bank reserves and sovereign-issued securities that qualify as high quality liquid assets. The treatment specified by OSFI permits these items to be excluded from the leverage ratio exposure measure.

Our regulatory capital requirements are determined in accordance with guidelines issued by OSFI, which are based upon the capital standards developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision.

CIBC has been designated by OSFI as a domestic systemically important bank (D-SIB) in Canada, and is subject to a CET1 surcharge equal to 1.0% of RWA. OSFI also currently expects D-SIBs to hold a 1.0% Domestic Stability Buffer (DSB). This results in current targets, including all buffer requirements, for CET1, Tier 1 and Total capital ratios of 9.0%, 10.5%, and 12.5%, respectively. These targets may be higher for certain institutions at OSFI’s discretion.

During the quarter ended January 31, 2021, we have complied with OSFI’s regulatory capital requirements.

Note 10.    Post-employment benefits

The following tables provide details on the post-employment benefit expense recognized in the interim consolidated statement of income and on the remeasurements recognized in the interim consolidated statement of comprehensive income:

Defined benefit plan expense

$ millions, for the three months ended    2021
Jan. 31
    2020
Oct. 31
    2020
Jan. 31
    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
    2020
Jan. 31
 
             Pension plans     Other
post-employment plans
 

Current service cost

   $     71     $ 70     $ 68     $     2      $        4     $ 3  

Past service cost (1)

           12       (32            (76     (1

Net interest (income) expense

     (4     (2     (3     4        5       5  

Special termination benefits (1)

           1       9                     

Plan administration costs

     2       1       2                     

Net defined benefit plan expense recognized in net income

   $ 69     $     82     $      44     $ 6      $ (67   $      7  
(1)

Includes amounts related to the restructuring charge, and gains related to plan amendments recognized in 2020.

 

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Defined contribution plan expense

$ millions, for the three months ended    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
     2020
Jan. 31
 

Defined contribution pension plans

   $     11      $ 7      $ 9  

Government pension plans (1)

     36        31        35  

Total defined contribution plan expense

   $ 47      $     38      $     44  
(1)

Includes Canada Pension Plan, Quebec Pension Plan, and U.S. Federal Insurance Contributions Act.

Remeasurement of employee defined benefit plans(1)

$ millions, for the three months ended    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
    2020
Jan. 31
    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
     2020
Jan. 31
 
              Pension plans    

Other

post-employment plans

 

Net actuarial gains (losses) on defined benefit obligation

   $ 60      $ 458     $     (428   $     3      $     42      $ (29

Net actuarial gains (losses) on plan assets

     207        (312     315                      

Changes in asset ceiling excluding interest income

            1       1                      

Net remeasurement gains (losses) recognized in OCI

   $     267      $     147     $ (112   $ 3      $ 42      $     (29
(1)

The Canadian post-employment defined benefit plans are remeasured on a quarterly basis for changes in the discount rate and for actual asset returns. All other Canadian plans’ actuarial assumptions and foreign plans’ actuarial assumptions are updated at least annually.

Note 11.    Income taxes

Enron

In prior years, the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) issued reassessments disallowing the deduction of Enron settlement payments and related legal expenses (the “Enron expenses”). In January 2019, CIBC entered into a settlement agreement (the “Agreement”) with the CRA that provides certainty with respect to the portion of the Enron expenses deductible in Canada. The Agreement resulted in the recognition of a net $38 million tax recovery in the first quarter of 2019. This recovery was determined after taking into account taxable refund interest in Canada and also the portion of the Enron expenses that are expected to be deductible in the United States (the “U.S. deduction”). The U.S. deduction has not been agreed to by the Internal Revenue Service. It is possible that adjustments may be required to the amount of tax benefits recognized in the U.S.

Dividend Received Deduction

The CRA has reassessed CIBC approximately $1,115 million of additional income tax by denying the tax deductibility of certain 2011 to 2015 Canadian corporate dividends on the basis that they were part of a “dividend rental arrangement”. The dividends that were subject to the reassessments are similar to those prospectively addressed by the rules in the 2015 and 2018 Canadian federal budgets. It is possible that subsequent years may be reassessed for similar activities. CIBC is confident that its tax filing positions were appropriate and intends to defend itself vigorously. Accordingly, no amounts have been accrued in the interim consolidated financial statements.

Note 12.    Earnings per share

 

$ millions, except number of shares and per share amounts, for the three months ended    2021
Jan. 31
     2020
Oct. 31
     2020
Jan. 31
 

Basic earnings per share

        

Net income attributable to equity shareholders

   $ 1,621      $ 1,015      $ 1,205  

Less: Preferred share dividends and distributions on other equity instruments

     30        30        31  

Net income attributable to common shareholders

   $ 1,591      $ 985      $ 1,174  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding (thousands)

           447,281        446,321        445,248  

Basic earnings per share

   $ 3.56      $ 2.21      $ 2.64  

Diluted earnings per share

        

Net income attributable to common shareholders

   $ 1,591      $ 985      $ 1,174  

Weighted-average common shares outstanding (thousands)

     447,281              446,321              445,248  

Add: Stock options potentially exercisable (1) (thousands)

     502        389        639  

Add: Equity-settled consideration (thousands)

     146        167        144  

Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding (thousands)

     447,929        446,877        446,031  

Diluted earnings per share

   $     3.55      $ 2.20      $ 2.63  
(1)

Excludes average options outstanding of 3,840,348 (October 31, 2020: 3,816,293; January 31, 2020: 2,382,904) with a weighted-average exercise price of $112.71 (October 31, 2020: $111.50; January 31, 2020: $114.21) for the quarter ended January 31, 2021, as the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of CIBC’s common shares.

 

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Note 13.    Contingent liabilities and provisions

Legal proceedings and other contingencies

In the ordinary course of its business, CIBC is a party to a number of legal proceedings, including regulatory investigations, in which claims for substantial monetary damages are asserted against CIBC and its subsidiaries. Legal provisions are established if, in the opinion of management, it is both probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to resolve the matter, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. If the reliable estimate of probable loss involves a range of potential outcomes within which a specific amount appears to be a better estimate, that amount is accrued. If no specific amount within the range of potential outcomes appears to be a better estimate than any other amount, the mid-point in the range is accrued. In some instances, however, it is not possible either to determine whether an obligation is probable or to reliably estimate the amount of loss, in which case no accrual can be made.

While there is inherent difficulty in predicting the outcome of legal proceedings, based on current knowledge and in consultation with legal counsel, we do not expect the outcome of these matters, individually or in aggregate, to have a material adverse effect on our interim consolidated financial statements. However, the outcome of these matters, individually or in aggregate, may be material to our operating results for a particular reporting period. We regularly assess the adequacy of CIBC’s litigation accruals and make the necessary adjustments to incorporate new information as it becomes available.

The provisions disclosed in Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report included all of CIBC’s accruals for legal matters as at that date, including amounts related to the significant legal proceedings described in that note and to other legal matters.

CIBC considers losses to be reasonably possible when they are neither probable nor remote. It is reasonably possible that CIBC may incur losses in addition to the amounts recorded when the loss accrued is the mid-point of a range of reasonably possible losses, or the potential loss pertains to a matter in which an unfavourable outcome is reasonably possible but not probable.

CIBC believes the estimate of the aggregate range of reasonably possible losses, in excess of the amounts accrued, for its significant legal proceedings, where it is possible to make such an estimate, is from nil to approximately $1.0 billion as at January 31, 2021. This estimated aggregate range of reasonably possible losses is based upon currently available information for those significant proceedings in which CIBC is involved, taking into account CIBC’s best estimate of such losses for those cases for which an estimate can be made. CIBC’s estimate involves significant judgment, given the varying stages of the proceedings and the existence of multiple defendants in many of such proceedings whose share of the liability has yet to be determined. The range does not include potential punitive damages and interest. The matters underlying the estimated range as at January 31, 2021, consist of the significant legal matters disclosed in Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report as updated below. The matters underlying the estimated range will change from time to time, and actual losses may vary significantly from the current estimate. For certain matters, CIBC does not believe that an estimate can currently be made as many of them are in preliminary stages and certain matters have no specific amount claimed. Consequently, these matters are not included in the range.

The following developments related to our significant legal proceedings occurred since the issuance of our 2020 annual consolidated financial statements:

 

Credit card class actions - Interchange fees litigation: Five of the seven actions have been settled subject to court approval and the remaining two actions will be stayed. CIBC will contribute towards a proposed settlement.

 

Pilon v. Amex Bank of Canada, et al.: The plaintiff’s appeal of the decision denying certification was heard in February 2021. The court reserved its decision.

 

Simplii privacy class actions: The Bannister and Steinman actions have been settled subject to court approval. Pursuant to the proposed settlement, CIBC will pay $2 million to settle these actions.

 

Order Execution Only class actions: The Frayce action is proceeding and the Michaud action has been stayed.

 

Pope v. CIBC and CIBC Trust: In December 2020, CIBC Asset Management Inc. was added as a defendant. The certification motion is scheduled for August 2021.

Other than the items described above, there are no significant developments in the matters identified in Note 22 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2020 Annual Report, and no new significant legal proceedings have arisen since the issuance of our 2020 annual consolidated financial statements.

Note 14.    Interest income and expense

The table below provides the consolidated interest income and expense by accounting categories.

 

$ millions, for the three months ended    2021
Jan. 31
             2020
Oct. 31
             2020
Jan. 31
 
      Interest
income
     Interest
expense
     Interest
income
     Interest
expense
     Interest
income
     Interest
expense
 

Measured at amortized cost (1)

   $ 3,256      $ 814      $ 3,280      $ 888      $ 4,435      $ 2,326  

Debt securities measured at FVOCI (1)

     98              n/a        107        n/a        240        n/a  

Other (2)

     417        118        413        120        507        95  

Total

   $     3,771      $     932      $     3,800      $     1,008      $     5,182      $     2,421  
(1)

Interest income for financial instruments that are measured at amortized cost and debt securities that are measured at FVOCI is calculated using the effective interest rate method.

(2)

Includes interest income and expense and dividend income for financial instruments that are mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL and equity securities designated at FVOCI.

n/a

Not applicable.

 

CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021     59  


Table of Contents

Note 15.    Segmented information

CIBC has four strategic business units (SBUs) – Canadian Personal and Business Banking, Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management, and Capital Markets. These SBUs are supported by Corporate and Other.

Canadian Personal and Business Banking provides personal and business clients across Canada with financial advice, products and services through banking centre, digital, mobile and remote channels.

Canadian Commercial Banking and Wealth Management provides high-touch, relationship-oriented banking and wealth management services to middle-market companies, entrepreneurs, high-net-worth individuals and families across Canada, as well as asset management services to institutional investors.

U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management delivers commercial banking and private wealth services across the U.S., as well as personal and small business banking services in four U.S. Midwestern markets and focuses on middle-market and mid-corporate companies and high-net-worth families.

Capital Markets provides integrated global markets products and services, investment banking advisory and execution, corporate banking solutions and top-ranked research to our clients around the world. It includes Direct Financial Services which focuses on expanding CIBC’s digitally-enabled capabilities to provide a cohesive set of direct banking, direct investing and innovative multi-currency payment solutions for CIBC’s clients.

Corporate and Other includes the following functional groups – Technology, Infrastructure and Innovation, Risk Management, People, Culture and Brand, Finance and Enterprise Strategy, as well as other support groups. The expenses of these functional and support groups are generally allocated to the business lines within the SBUs. The majority of the functional and support costs of CIBC Bank USA are recognized directly in the U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management SBU. Corporate and Other also includes the results of CIBC FirstCaribbean and other strategic investments, as well as other income statement and balance sheet items not directly attributable to the business lines.

Changes made to our business segments

The following changes were made in the first quarter of 2021:

 

Simplii Financial and CIBC Investor’s Edge, previously reported in Canadian Personal and Business Banking, are now part of the newly-created Direct Financial Services line of business in Capital Markets, along with certain other direct payment services that were previously in Capital Markets. This change was made to align with the mandates of the relevant SBUs.

 

The financial results associated with U.S. treasury activities in U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management are now included within Treasury in Corporate and Other. In addition, the transfer pricing methodology between U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management and Treasury in Corporate and Other has been enhanced. Both changes align the treatment of U.S. Commercial Banking and Wealth Management with our other SBUs, and allow for better management of interest rate and liquidity risks.

These changes impacted the results of our SBUs. Prior period amounts were revised accordingly. There was no impact on consolidated net income resulting from these changes.

$   millions, for the three months ended    Canadian
Personal
and Business
Banking
     Canadian
Commercial
Banking
and Wealth
Management
     U.S.
Commercial
Banking
and Wealth
Management
     Capital
Markets
     Corporate
and Other
    

CIBC

Total

 

2021

  

Net interest income (1)

   $ 1,483      $ 298      $ 374      $ 682      $ 2      $ 2,839  

Jan. 31

  

Non-interest income (2)

     542        790        187        492        113        2,124  
  

Total revenue (1)

     2,025        1,088        561        1,174        115        4,963  
  

Provision for credit losses

     54        33        45        5        10        147  
  

Amortization and impairment (3)

     53        7        28        2        147        237  
    

Other non-interest expenses

     1,033        565        252        520        119        2,489  
  

Income (loss) before income taxes

     885        483        236        647        (161      2,090  
    

Income taxes (1)

     233        129        48        154        (99      465  
    

Net income (loss)

   $ 652      $ 354      $ 188      $ 493      $ (62    $ 1,625  
  

Net income (loss) attributable to:

                 
  

Non-controlling interests

   $      $      $      $      $ 4      $ 4  
    

Equity shareholders

     652        354        188        493        (66      1,621  
    

Average assets (4)

   $     261,542      $ 65,774      $     47,501      $     250,418      $ 174,713      $ 799,948  

2020

  

Net interest income (1)

   $ 1,486      $ 294      $ 356      $ 652      $ 4      $ 2,792  

Oct. 31 (5)

  

Non-interest income (2)

     511        734        163        282        118        1,808  
  

Total revenue (1)

     1,997        1,028        519        934        122        4,600  
  

Provision for credit losses

     121        25        82        17        46        291  
  

Amortization and impairment (3)

     58        8        29        3        438        536  
    

Other non-interest expenses

     1,018        532        238        455        112        2,355  
  

Income (loss) before income taxes

     800        463        170        459        (474      1,418  
    

Income taxes (1)

     210        123        35        149        (115      402  
    

Net income (loss)

   $ 590      $ 340      $ 135      $ 310      $ (359)      $ 1,016  
  

Net income (loss) attributable to:

                 
  

Non-controlling interests

   $      $      $      $      $ 1      $ 1  
    

Equity shareholders

     590        340        135        310        (360      1,015  
    

Average assets (4)

   $ 256,054      $ 65,018      $ 48,510      $ 239,272      $     170,079      $ 778,933  

2020

  

Net interest income (1)

   $ 1,505      $ 315      $ 342      $ 498      $ 101      $ 2,761  

Jan. 31 (5)

  

Non-interest income (2)

     574        740        159        508        113        2,094  
  

Total revenue (1)

     2,079        1,055        501        1,006        214        4,855  
  

Provision for (reversal of) credit losses

     211        35        15        (6      6        261  
  

Amortization and impairment (3)

     57        7        32        3        147        246  
    

Other non-interest expenses

     1,029        554        266        489        481        2,819  
  

Income (loss) before income taxes

     782        459        188        520        (420      1,529  
    

Income taxes (1)

     207        123        23        142        (178      317  
    

Net income (loss)

   $ 575      $ 336      $ 165      $ 378      $ (242)      $ 1,212  
  

Net income (loss) attributable to:

                 
  

Non-controlling interests

   $      $      $      $      $ 7      $ 7  
    

Equity shareholders

     575        336        165        378        (249      1,205  
    

Average assets (4)

   $     251,596      $     65,257      $     44,811      $     213,172      $     104,695      $     679,531  
(1)

Capital Markets net interest income and income taxes include a taxable equivalent basis (TEB) adjustment of $54 million for the three months ended January 31, 2021 (October 31, 2020: $37 million; January 31, 2020: $49 million) with an equivalent offset in Corporate and Other.

(2)

Includes intersegment revenue, which represents internal sales commissions and revenue allocations under the Manufacturer / Customer Segment / Distributor Management Model.

(3)

Comprises amortization and impairment of buildings, right-of-use assets, furniture, equipment, leasehold improvements, software and other intangible assets. The three months ended October 31, 2020 includes goodwill impairment.

(4)

Assets are disclosed on an average basis as this measure is most relevant to a financial institution and is the measure reviewed by management.

(5)

Certain prior period information has been revised. See the “Changes made to our business segments” section for additional details.

 

60   CIBC FIRST QUARTER 2021


Table of Contents

TO REACH US:

Corporate Secretary: Shareholders may call 416-980-3096, or e-mail: corporate.secretary@cibc.com

Investor Relations: Financial analysts, portfolio managers and other investors requiring financial information may call 416-813-3743, or e-mail: investorrelations@cibc.com

Communications and Public Affairs: Financial, business and trade media may e-mail: corpcommmailbox@cibc.com

CIBC Telephone Banking: As part of our commitment to our clients, information about CIBC products and services is available by calling 1-800-465-2422 toll-free across Canada.

Online Investor Presentations: Supplementary financial information, Pillar 3 Report and Supplementary regulatory capital disclosure, and a presentation to investors and analysts are available at www.cibc.com; About CIBC.

Earnings Conference Call: CIBC’s first quarter conference call with analysts and investors will take place on Thursday, February 25, 2021 at 8:00 a.m. (ET). The call will be available in English (416-406-0743, or toll-free 1-800-898-3989, passcode 3693762#) and French (514-392-1587, or toll-free 1-877-395-0279, passcode 5060608#). A telephone replay of the conference call will be available in English and French until 11:59 p.m. (ET) March 11, 2021. To access the replay in English, call 905-694-9451 or 1-800-408-3053, passcode 2933743#. To access the replay in French, call 514-861-2272 or 1-800-408-3053, passcode 8181990#.

Audio Webcast: A live audio webcast of CIBC’s first quarter results conference call will take place on Thursday, February 25, 2021 at 8:00 a.m. (ET) in English and French. To access the audio webcast, go to www.cibc.com; About CIBC. An archived version of the audio webcast will also be available in English and French following the call on www.cibc.com; About CIBC.

Annual Meeting: CIBC’s next Annual Meeting of Shareholders will be held on April 8, 2021.

Regulatory Capital: Information on CIBC’s regulatory capital instruments and regulatory capital position may be found at www.cibc.com; About CIBC; Investor Relations; Regulatory Capital Instruments.

Bail-in Debt: Information on CIBC’s bail-in debt and TLAC instruments may be found at www.cibc.com; About CIBC; Investor Relations; Debt Information; Bail-in Debt.

Nothing in CIBC’s website www.cibc.com should be considered incorporated herein by reference.

 

DIRECT DIVIDEND DEPOSIT SERVICE

Canadian-resident holders of common shares may have their dividends deposited directly into their account at any financial institution which is a member of Payments Canada. To arrange, please write to AST Trust Company (Canada), P.O. Box 700 Postal Station B, Montreal, QC H3B 3K3 or e-mail: inquiries@astfinancial.com

SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT PLAN

Registered holders of CIBC common shares wishing to acquire additional common shares may participate in the Shareholder Investment Plan and pay no brokerage commissions or service charges.

For a copy of the offering circular, contact AST Trust Company (Canada) at 416-682-3860, toll-free at 1-800-258-0499, or by e-mail at inquiries@astfinancial.com.

PURCHASE PRICE OF COMMON SHARES

UNDER THE

SHAREHOLDER INVESTMENT PLAN

 

Date          Share
purchase
option
    

Dividend

reinvestment & stock

dividend options

Nov. 2/20

    $ 98.83     

Dec. 1/20

    $ 110.72     

Jan. 4/21

    $     110.09     

Jan. 28/21

                   $    110.75

 

 

 

LOGO

Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce

Head Office: Commerce Court, Toronto, Ontario, M5L 1A2, Canada

www.cibc.com