REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 |
☒ | |
Pre‑Effective Amendment No. | ☐ | |
Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 | ☒ | |
and/or | ||
REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER THE INVESTMENT COMPANY ACT OF 1940 |
☒ | |
Amendment No. 99 | ☒ |
☐ | Immediately upon filing pursuant to paragraph (b) | ☐ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | |||
☒ | On February 29, 2024 pursuant to paragraph (b) | ☐ | 75 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) | |||
☐ | 60 days after filing pursuant to paragraph (a)(1) | ☐ | On (date) pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of Rule 485. |
☐ | This post-effective amendment designates a new effective date for a previously filed post-effective amendment. |
![]() |
Exchange-Traded Funds |
29 February 2024 | ||
Listing Exchange |
Ticker Symbol | ||
Fund Name |
|||
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUDV | |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NULC | |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NULG | |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NULV | |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUMG | |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUMV | |
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUSC |
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. |
Prospectus |
Table of Contents | |
NOT FDIC OR GOVERNMENT INSURED MAY LOSE VALUE NO BANK GUARANTEE |
Management Fees |
0.25% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.26% |
1 Year |
$27 |
3 Years |
$84 |
5 Years |
$146 |
10 Years |
$331 |
2 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
3 |
4 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
5 |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NUDV (return before taxes) |
|
09/27/21 |
|
|
10.17 |
% |
|
4.10 |
% | |
NUDV (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
9.48 |
% |
|
3.43 |
% | |
NUDV (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
6.45 |
% |
|
3.09 |
% | |
MSCI USA Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
27.10 |
% |
|
3.98 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA High Dividend Yield Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
10.47 |
% |
|
4.36 |
% | |
6 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
September 2021 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
September 2021 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
7 |
Management Fees |
0.20% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.21% |
1 Year |
$22 |
3 Years |
$68 |
5 Years |
$118 |
10 Years |
$268 |
8 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
9 |
10 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Annual Total Return |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
11 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NULC (return before taxes) |
|
06/03/19 |
|
|
22.29 |
% |
|
13.74 |
% | |
NULC (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
21.91 |
% |
|
12.65 |
% | |
NULC (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
13.47 |
% |
|
10.66 |
% | |
MSCI USA Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
27.10 |
% |
|
14.74 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Large-Cap Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
22.55 |
% |
|
13.99 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2019 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2019 |
12 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Management Fees |
0.25% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.26% |
1 Year |
$27 |
3 Years |
$84 |
5 Years |
$146 |
10 Years |
$331 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
13 |
14 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
15 |
Annual Total Return |
16 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NULG (return before taxes) |
|
12/13/16 |
|
|
42.55 |
% |
|
20.53 |
% |
|
17.77 |
% | |
NULG (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
42.40 |
% |
|
19.76 |
% |
|
16.99 |
% | |
NULG (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
25.29 |
% |
|
16.52 |
% |
|
14.44 |
% | |
MSCI USA Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
46.72 |
% |
|
19.94 |
% |
|
17.31 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Large-Cap Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
42.98 |
% |
|
20.96 |
% |
|
18.19 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
17 |
Management Fees |
0.25% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.26% |
1 Year |
$27 |
3 Years |
$84 |
5 Years |
$146 |
10 Years |
$331 |
18 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
19 |
20 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Annual Total Return |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NULV (return before taxes) |
|
12/13/16 |
|
|
7.51 |
% |
|
9.04 |
% |
|
7.77 |
% | |
NULV (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
6.86 |
% |
|
8.34 |
% |
|
7.05 |
% | |
NULV (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
4.90 |
% |
|
7.04 |
% |
|
6.03 |
% | |
MSCI USA Value Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
9.24 |
% |
|
10.58 |
% |
|
8.26 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Large-Cap Value Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
7.81 |
% |
|
9.39 |
% |
|
8.12 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
22 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Management Fees |
0.30% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.31% |
1 Year |
$32 |
3 Years |
$100 |
5 Years |
$174 |
10 Years |
$393 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
23 |
24 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
25 |
Annual Total Return |
26 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NUMG (return before taxes) |
|
12/13/16 |
|
|
20.34 |
% |
|
13.75 |
% |
|
11.18 |
% | |
NUMG (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
20.29 |
% |
|
12.46 |
% |
|
9.97 |
% | |
NUMG (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
12.08 |
% |
|
10.66 |
% |
|
8.62 |
% | |
MSCI USA Mid-Cap Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
22.17 |
% |
|
15.40 |
% |
|
12.15 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Mid-Cap Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
20.72 |
% |
|
14.15 |
% |
|
11.60 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
27 |
Management Fees |
0.30% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.31% |
1 Year |
$32 |
3 Years |
$100 |
5 Years |
$174 |
10 Years |
$393 |
28 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
29 |
30 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Annual Total Return |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
31 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NUMV (return before taxes) |
|
12/13/16 |
|
|
8.27 |
% |
|
9.57 |
% |
|
6.72 |
% | |
NUMV (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
7.66 |
% |
|
8.47 |
% |
|
5.74 |
% | |
NUMV (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
5.24 |
% |
|
7.37 |
% |
|
5.09 |
% | |
MSCI USA Mid-Cap Value Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
10.86 |
% |
|
9.86 |
% |
|
7.17 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Mid-Cap Value Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
8.57 |
% |
|
9.96 |
% |
|
7.11 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
32 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Management Fees |
0.30% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.31% |
1 Year |
$32 |
3 Years |
$100 |
5 Years |
$174 |
10 Years |
$393 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
33 |
34 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
35 |
Annual Total Return |
36 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NUSC (return before taxes) |
|
12/13/16 |
|
|
15.50 |
% |
|
11.90 |
% |
|
8.92 |
% | |
NUSC (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
15.17 |
% |
|
11.16 |
% |
|
8.15 |
% | |
NUSC (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
9.37 |
% |
|
9.30 |
% |
|
6.88 |
% | |
MSCI USA Small-Cap Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
18.44 |
% |
|
12.18 |
% |
|
9.14 |
% | |
TIAA ESG USA Small-Cap Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
15.80 |
% |
|
12.26 |
% |
|
9.31 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
December 2016 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
37 |
38 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Portfolio Holdings |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
39 |
40 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings |
Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
41 |
42 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
43 |
44 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
45 |
46 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
47 |
48 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
49 |
Who Manages the Funds |
Total Experience (since dates specified below) | ||||
Name & Title |
Experience Over Past Five Years |
At TIAA |
Total | |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA Managing Director |
Teachers Advisors, LLC, TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC and other advisory affiliates of TIAA (portfolio management of domestic and international large-, mid- and small-cap equity index and ESG portfolios) |
2005 |
1991 | |
Lei Liao, CFA Managing Director |
Teachers Advisors, LLC, TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC and other advisory affiliates of TIAA (portfolio management of domestic and international large-, mid- and small-cap equity index and ESG portfolios) |
2012 |
2005 |
50 |
Section 3 Fund Management |
Management Fees |
Fund Name |
Management Fee |
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
0.25% |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
0.20% |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
0.25% |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
0.25% |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
0.30% |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
0.30% |
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
0.30% |
Section 3 Fund Management |
51 |
Purchase and Sale of Shares |
52 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units |
Distributor |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
53 |
Distribution and Service Payments |
54 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Frequent Trading |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
55 |
Dividends and Distributions |
Taxes |
56 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
57 |
58 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
59 |
Net Asset Value |
Premium/Discount Information |
Fund Service Providers |
60 |
Section 5 General Information |
Index Provider |
Section 5 General Information |
61 |
Listing Exchange |
62 |
Section 5 General Information |
Investment Operations |
Less Distributions |
|||||||||||
Year Ended October 31, |
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
Net Investment Income (Loss)(a) |
Net Realized/ Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
Total |
From Net Investment Income |
From Net Realized Gains |
Total |
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
Market Price, End of Period | |||
NUDV |
||||||||||||
2023 |
$23.52 |
$0.65 |
$(0.99 |
) |
$(0.34 |
) |
$(0.61) |
$(0.14) |
$(0.75) |
$22.43 |
$22.41 | |
2022 |
25.69 |
0.62 |
(2.21 |
) |
(1.59 |
) |
(0.58) |
- |
(0.58) |
23.52 |
23.52 | |
2021(d) |
25.00 |
0.05 |
0.64 |
0.69 |
- |
- |
- |
25.69 |
25.71 | |||
NULC |
||||||||||||
2023 |
32.79 |
0.51 |
2.08 |
2.59 |
(0.44) |
(0.32) |
(0.76) |
34.62 |
34.62 | |||
2022 |
43.34 |
0.51 |
(8.52 |
) |
(8.01 |
) |
(0.43) |
(2.11) |
(2.54) |
32.79 |
32.82 | |
2021 |
31.05 |
0.46 |
13.25 |
13.71 |
(0.48) |
(0.94) |
(1.42) |
43.34 |
43.39 | |||
2020 |
28.01 |
0.53 |
2.74 |
3.27 |
(0.21) |
(0.02) |
(0.23) |
31.05 |
30.95 | |||
2019(f) |
24.96 |
0.19 |
2.86 |
3.05 |
- |
- |
- |
28.01 |
27.99 | |||
NULG |
||||||||||||
2023 |
49.30 |
0.24 |
9.28 |
9.52 |
(0.20) |
- |
(0.20) |
58.62 |
58.58 | |||
2022 |
71.98 |
0.25 |
(19.45 |
) |
(19.20 |
) |
(0.14) |
(3.34) |
(3.48) |
49.30 |
49.30 | |
2021 |
49.60 |
0.07 |
23.82 |
23.89 |
(0.11) |
(1.40) |
(1.51) |
71.98 |
72.01 | |||
2020 |
38.97 |
0.18 |
10.91 |
11.09 |
(0.20) |
(0.26) |
(0.46) |
49.60 |
49.54 | |||
2019 |
33.84 |
0.29 |
5.96 |
6.25 |
(0.24) |
(0.88) |
(1.12) |
38.97 |
39.00 | |||
NULV |
||||||||||||
2023 |
34.26 |
0.87 |
(1.77 |
) |
(0.90 |
) |
(0.73) |
- |
(0.73) |
32.63 |
32.59 | |
2022 |
39.42 |
0.77 |
(4.17 |
) |
(3.40 |
) |
(0.63) |
(1.13) |
(1.76) |
34.26 |
34.30 | |
2021 |
28.62 |
0.77 |
10.50 |
11.27 |
(0.47) |
- |
(0.47) |
39.42 |
39.44 | |||
2020 |
31.52 |
0.77 |
(3.19 |
) |
(2.42 |
) |
(0.48) |
- |
(0.48) |
28.62 |
28.65 | |
2019 |
28.75 |
0.74 |
3.00 |
3.74 |
(0.57) |
(0.40) |
(0.97) |
31.52 |
31.52 | |||
NUMG |
||||||||||||
2023 |
34.39 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.14 |
(0.06) |
- |
(0.06) |
34.47 |
34.45 | |||
2022 |
57.68 |
0.05 |
(17.07 |
) |
(17.02 |
) |
(0.01) |
(6.26) |
(6.27) |
34.39 |
34.42 | |
2021 |
42.94 |
(0.03 |
) |
16.66 |
16.63 |
(0.02) |
(1.87) |
(1.89) |
57.68 |
57.71 | ||
2020 |
33.26 |
0.03 |
9.75 |
9.78 |
(0.10) |
- |
(0.10) |
42.94 |
42.83 | |||
2019 |
29.93 |
0.06 |
4.62 |
4.68 |
(0.06) |
(1.29) |
(1.35) |
33.26 |
33.32 | |||
NUMV |
||||||||||||
2023 |
31.07 |
0.68 |
(3.17 |
) |
(2.49 |
) |
(0.64) |
(1.08) |
(1.72) |
26.86 |
26.84 | |
2022 |
38.44 |
0.68 |
(5.61 |
) |
(4.93 |
) |
(0.48) |
(1.96) |
(2.44) |
31.07 |
31.10 | |
2021 |
25.64 |
0.54 |
12.68 |
13.22 |
(0.42) |
- |
(0.42) |
38.44 |
38.50 | |||
2020 |
29.50 |
0.57 |
(3.71 |
) |
(3.14 |
) |
(0.72) |
- |
(0.72) |
25.64 |
25.67 | |
2019 |
27.04 |
0.64 |
2.78 |
3.42 |
(0.62) |
(0.34) |
(0.96) |
29.50 |
29.57 | |||
NUSC |
||||||||||||
2023 |
35.54 |
0.43 |
(3.16 |
) |
(2.73 |
) |
(0.40) |
- |
(0.40) |
32.41 |
32.40 | |
2022 |
45.25 |
0.37 |
(7.12 |
) |
(6.75 |
) |
(0.32) |
(2.64) |
(2.96) |
35.54 |
35.58 | |
2021 |
30.68 |
0.36 |
14.41 |
14.77 |
(0.20) |
- |
(0.20) |
45.25 |
45.27 | |||
2020 |
29.65 |
0.28 |
1.03 |
1.31 |
(0.28) |
- |
(0.28) |
30.68 |
30.74 | |||
2019 |
28.23 |
0.34 |
2.06 |
2.40 |
(0.27) |
(0.71) |
(0.98) |
29.65 |
29.70 |
Section 5 General Information |
63 |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
||||||||||||||
Total Return |
Ratios to Average Net Assets |
|||||||||||||
Based on Net Asset Value(b) |
Based on Market Price(b) |
Net Assets, End of Period (000) |
Expenses |
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate(c) |
|||||||||
(1.59 |
)% |
(1.69 |
)% |
$11,216 |
0.26 |
% |
2.74 |
% |
57 |
% | ||||
(6.22 |
) |
(6.31 |
) |
8,232 |
0.26 |
2.52 |
76 |
|||||||
2.74 |
2.85 |
5,137 |
0.25 |
(e) |
2.04 |
(e) |
0 |
|||||||
8.06 |
7.96 |
22,504 |
0.21 |
1.48 |
71 |
|||||||||
(19.57 |
) |
(19.59 |
) |
24,589 |
0.21 |
1.39 |
57 |
|||||||
45.28 |
45.91 |
30,335 |
0.20 |
1.20 |
49 |
|||||||||
11.71 |
11.43 |
17,079 |
0.20 |
1.81 |
61 |
|||||||||
12.22 |
12.14 |
8,403 |
0.20 |
(e) |
1.75 |
(e) |
9 |
|||||||
19.36 |
19.29 |
1,037,499 |
0.26 |
0.42 |
78 |
|||||||||
(27.90 |
) |
(27.94 |
) |
793,754 |
0.26 |
0.44 |
80 |
|||||||
49.04 |
49.29 |
942,876 |
0.34 |
0.11 |
66 |
|||||||||
28.66 |
28.42 |
344,703 |
0.35 |
0.39 |
86 |
|||||||||
19.57 |
19.53 |
83,789 |
0.35 |
0.82 |
61 |
|||||||||
(2.73 |
) |
(2.98 |
) |
1,383,636 |
0.26 |
2.52 |
61 |
|||||||
(9.09 |
) |
(9.03 |
) |
1,531,314 |
0.26 |
2.15 |
68 |
|||||||
39.68 |
39.63 |
1,176,613 |
0.34 |
2.13 |
59 |
|||||||||
(7.87 |
) |
(7.78 |
) |
535,228 |
0.35 |
2.63 |
38 |
|||||||
13.80 |
13.59 |
94,569 |
0.35 |
2.51 |
66 |
|||||||||
0.43 |
0.27 |
324,062 |
0.31 |
0.21 |
100 |
|||||||||
(32.50 |
) |
(32.48 |
) |
312,943 |
0.31 |
0.13 |
84 |
|||||||
39.51 |
39.92 |
400,877 |
0.39 |
(0.06 |
) |
83 |
||||||||
29.43 |
28.90 |
193,216 |
0.40 |
0.08 |
94 |
|||||||||
16.93 |
16.41 |
53,222 |
0.40 |
0.19 |
67 |
|||||||||
(8.58 |
) |
(8.76 |
) |
296,817 |
0.31 |
2.30 |
77 |
|||||||
(13.71 |
) |
(13.76 |
) |
310,664 |
0.31 |
2.02 |
77 |
|||||||
51.97 |
52.06 |
276,751 |
0.39 |
1.57 |
67 |
|||||||||
(10.98 |
) |
(11.11 |
) |
119,241 |
0.40 |
2.25 |
72 |
|||||||
13.51 |
13.57 |
54,573 |
0.40 |
2.31 |
70 |
|||||||||
(7.77 |
) |
(7.89 |
) |
889,601 |
0.31 |
1.19 |
62 |
|||||||
(15.68 |
) |
(15.63 |
) |
909,828 |
0.31 |
0.99 |
71 |
|||||||
48.28 |
48.03 |
1,106,366 |
0.39 |
0.85 |
60 |
|||||||||
4.40 |
4.44 |
369,634 |
0.40 |
0.98 |
54 |
|||||||||
9.24 |
9.26 |
167,515 |
0.40 |
1.17 |
32 |
64 |
Section 5 General Information |
NGN-ESGUSEQ-0224P |
![]() |
Exchange-Traded Funds |
29 February 2024 | ||
Listing Exchange |
Ticker Symbol | ||
Fund Name |
|||
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUDM | |
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. |
NUEM |
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. |
Prospectus |
Table of Contents | |
NOT FDIC OR GOVERNMENT INSURED MAY LOSE VALUE NO BANK GUARANTEE |
Management Fees |
0.30% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.31% |
1 Year |
$32 |
3 Years |
$100 |
5 Years |
$174 |
10 Years |
$393 |
2 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
3 |
4 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
5 |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NUDM (return before taxes) |
|
06/06/17 |
|
|
17.89 |
% |
|
8.71 |
% |
|
5.32 |
% | |
NUDM (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
17.09 |
% |
|
8.03 |
% |
|
4.73 |
% | |
NUDM (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
11.26 |
% |
|
6.88 |
% |
|
4.18 |
% | |
MSCI EAFE Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
18.24 |
% |
|
8.16 |
% |
|
5.12 |
% | |
TIAA ESG International Developed Markets Equity Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
18.19 |
% |
|
9.01 |
% |
|
5.61 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2017 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2017 |
6 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
7 |
Management Fees |
0.35% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.36% |
1 Year |
$37 |
3 Years |
$116 |
5 Years |
$202 |
10 Years |
$456 |
8 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
9 |
10 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
11 |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | ||||||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
5 Years |
Since Inception | ||||||||
NUEM (return before taxes) |
|
06/06/17 |
|
|
9.07 |
% |
|
4.70 |
% |
|
3.24 |
% | |
NUEM (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
8.53 |
% |
|
4.23 |
% |
|
2.78 |
% | |
NUEM (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
5.86 |
% |
|
3.68 |
% |
|
2.52 |
% | |
MSCI Emerging Markets Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
9.83 |
% |
|
3.68 |
% |
|
2.62 |
% | |
TIAA ESG Emerging Markets Equity Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
10.18 |
% |
|
5.54 |
% |
|
4.07 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2017 |
Lei Liao, CFA |
Managing Director |
June 2017 |
12 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
13 |
14 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Portfolio Holdings |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
15 |
16 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings |
Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
17 |
18 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
19 |
20 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
21 |
22 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
23 |
24 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
25 |
26 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Funds' Strategies, Holdings and Risks |
27 |
Who Manages the Funds |
Total Experience (since dates specified below) | ||||
Name & Title |
Experience Over Past Five Years |
At TIAA |
Total | |
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, CFA Managing Director |
Teachers Advisors, LLC, TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC and other advisory affiliates of TIAA (portfolio management of domestic and international large-, mid- and small-cap equity index and ESG portfolios) |
2005 |
1991 | |
Lei Liao, CFA Managing Director |
Teachers Advisors, LLC, TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC and other advisory affiliates of TIAA (portfolio management of domestic and international large-, mid- and small-cap equity index and ESG portfolios) |
2012 |
2005 |
28 |
Section 3 Fund Management |
Management Fees |
Fund Name |
Management Fee |
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
0.30% |
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
0.35% |
Section 3 Fund Management |
29 |
Purchase and Sale of Shares |
30 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units |
Distributor |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
31 |
Distribution and Service Payments |
32 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Frequent Trading |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
33 |
Dividends and Distributions |
Taxes |
34 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
35 |
36 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
37 |
Net Asset Value |
38 |
Section 5 General Information |
Premium/Discount Information |
Fund Service Providers |
Index Provider |
Section 5 General Information |
39 |
Listing Exchange |
40 |
Section 5 General Information |
Investment Operations |
Less Distributions |
||||||||||||
Year Ended October 31, |
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
Net Investment Income (Loss)(a) |
Net Realized/ Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
Total |
From Net Investment Income |
From Net Realized Gains |
Total |
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
Market Price, End of Period | ||||
NUDM |
|||||||||||||
2023 |
$23.49 |
$0.81 |
$2.20 |
$3.01 |
$(0.51) |
$ - |
$(0.51) |
$25.99 |
$26.15 | ||||
2022 |
32.30 |
0.78 |
(8.26 |
) |
$(7.48 |
) |
(0.88) |
(0.45) |
(1.33) |
23.49 |
23.51 | ||
2021 |
24.33 |
0.98 |
7.42 |
8.40 |
(0.43) |
- |
(0.43) |
32.30 |
32.53 | ||||
2020 |
26.74 |
0.54 |
(2.03 |
) |
(1.49 |
) |
(0.92) |
- |
(0.92) |
24.33 |
24.50 | ||
2019 |
24.10 |
0.75 |
2.44 |
3.19 |
(0.55) |
- |
(0.55) |
26.74 |
26.86 | ||||
NUEM |
|||||||||||||
2023 |
22.77 |
0.60 |
2.10 |
2.70 |
(0.48) |
- |
(0.48) |
24.99 |
24.95 | ||||
2022 |
34.14 |
0.69 |
(11.27 |
) |
(10.58 |
) |
(0.38) |
(0.41) |
(0.79) |
22.77 |
22.71 | ||
2021 |
29.18 |
0.52 |
4.86 |
5.38 |
(0.42) |
- |
(0.42) |
34.14 |
34.15 | ||||
2020 |
25.57 |
0.40 |
3.75 |
4.15 |
(0.54) |
- |
(0.54) |
29.18 |
29.37 | ||||
2019 |
23.78 |
0.58 |
1.70 |
2.28 |
(0.49) |
- |
(0.49) |
25.57 |
25.71 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
41 |
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|||||||||||||
Total Return |
Ratios to Average Net Assets |
||||||||||||
Based on Net Asset Value(b) |
Based on Market Price(b) |
Net Assets, End of Period (000) |
Expenses |
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate(c) |
||||||||
12.84 |
% |
13.40 |
% |
$353,523 |
0.31 |
% |
2.94 |
% |
66 |
% | |||
(24.17 |
) |
(24.57 |
) |
267,756 |
0.31 |
2.93 |
62 |
||||||
34.83 |
34.73 |
161,503 |
0.39 |
3.16 |
64 |
||||||||
(5.91 |
) |
(5.67 |
) |
53,520 |
0.40 |
2.17 |
66 |
||||||
13.71 |
14.10 |
66,853 |
0.40 |
3.03 |
57 |
||||||||
11.80 |
12.00 |
214,914 |
0.36 |
2.28 |
71 |
||||||||
(31.62 |
) |
(31.88 |
) |
177,614 |
0.36 |
2.45 |
63 |
||||||
18.45 |
17.77 |
122,896 |
0.44 |
1.49 |
61 |
||||||||
16.41 |
16.47 |
46,695 |
0.45 |
1.56 |
81 |
||||||||
9.68 |
9.70 |
56,255 |
0.45 |
2.30 |
53 |
42 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
NGN-NONUSELC-0224P |
![]() |
Exchange-Traded Funds |
29 February 2024 | ||
Listing Exchange |
Ticker Symbol | ||
Fund Name |
|||
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
NYSE Arca |
NDVG | |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
NYSE Arca |
NSCS | |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
NYSE Arca |
NWLG |
For additional information regarding the unique attributes and risks of these ETFs, see the later discussion with respect to the Proxy Portfolios in the Funds’ principal investment strategies and associated risks, including “Proxy Portfolio Structure Risk,” “Authorized Participant Concentration Risk,” “Predatory Trading Practices Risk,” “Premium/Discount Risk,” “Trading Issues Risk” and “Tracking Error Risk,” as well as the “Investing in the Funds—Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares” and “Proxy Portfolio and Proxy Overlap” sections set forth below and the “Proxy Portfolio” and “Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings” sections in the Funds’ statement of additional information. The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. |
Prospectus |
Table of Contents | |
NOT FDIC OR GOVERNMENT INSURED MAY LOSE VALUE NO BANK GUARANTEE |
Management Fees |
0.64% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.65% |
2 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
3 |
4 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
5 |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NDVG (return before taxes) |
|
08/04/21 |
|
|
15.14 |
% |
|
6.36 |
% | |
NDVG (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
14.77 |
% |
|
6.02 |
% | |
NDVG (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
9.19 |
% |
|
4.86 |
% | |
S&P 500 Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
26.29 |
% |
|
5.06 |
% | |
6 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
David S. Park, CFA |
Managing Director |
August, 2021 |
David A. Chalupnik, CFA |
Senior Managing Director |
August, 2021 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
7 |
Management Fees |
0.85% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.86% |
1 Year |
$88 |
3 Years |
$274 |
5 Years |
$477 |
10 Years |
$1,061 |
8 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
9 |
10 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
11 |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NSCS (return before taxes) |
|
08/04/21 |
|
|
17.76 |
% |
|
(0.41 |
)% | |
NSCS (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
17.72 |
% |
|
(0.47 |
)% | |
NSCS (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
10.54 |
% |
|
(0.31 |
)% | |
Russell 2000® Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
16.93 |
% |
|
(1.87 |
)% | |
12 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Gregory J. Ryan, CFA |
Managing Director |
August 2021 |
Jon A. Loth, CFA |
Managing Director |
August 2021 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
13 |
Management Fees |
0.64% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.65% |
1 Year |
$66 |
3 Years |
$208 |
5 Years |
$362 |
10 Years |
$810 |
14 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
15 |
16 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
17 |
18 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Annual Total Return |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
19 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NWLG (return before taxes) |
|
08/04/21 |
|
|
43.50 |
% |
|
1.67 |
% | |
NWLG (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
43.50 |
% |
|
1.67 |
% | |
NWLG (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
25.76 |
% |
|
1.28 |
% | |
Russell 1000® Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for fees, expenses or taxes) |
|
|
|
|
42.68 |
% |
|
3.96 |
% | |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Justin H. Kelly, CFA |
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer |
August 2021 |
Patrick M. Burton, CFA |
Senior Managing Director |
August 2021 |
Stephan C. Petersen |
Managing Director |
August 2021 |
Steve M. Hamill, CFA |
Senior Managing Director |
March 2023 |
20 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
21 |
Portfolio Holdings |
22 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
23 |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings |
Risks |
24 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
25 |
26 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
27 |
28 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
29 |
30 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
31 |
32 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
33 |
34 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
35 |
36 |
Section 1 Fund Summaries |
Who Manages the Funds |
Section 3 Fund Management |
37 |
Total Experience (since dates specified below) | ||||
Name & Title |
Experience Over Past Five Years |
At Sub-Adviser* |
Total | |
NUVEEN DIVIDEND GROWTH ETF |
||||
David S. Park, CFA Managing Director |
Nuveen Asset Management (equity portfolio management and research) |
2011 |
1998 | |
David A. Chalupnik, CFA Senior Managing Director |
Nuveen Asset Management (equity portfolio management) |
2002 |
1984 | |
NUVEEN SMALL CAP SELECT ETF |
||||
Gregory J. Ryan, CFA Managing Director |
Nuveen Asset Management (equity portfolio management) |
2011 |
1998 | |
Jon A. Loth, CFA Managing Director |
Nuveen Asset Management and other advisory affiliates (equity portfolio management) |
2004 |
1994 | |
NUVEEN WINSLOW LARGE-CAP GROWTH ESG ETF |
||||
Justin H. Kelly, CFA CEO/CIO |
Winslow Capital and other advisory affiliates (equity portfolio management) |
1999 |
1993 | |
Patrick M. Burton, CFA Senior Managing Director |
Winslow Capital and other advisory affiliates (equity portfolio management) |
2010 |
1995 | |
Stephan C. Petersen Managing Director |
Winslow Capital and other advisory affiliates (equity portfolio management) |
2013 |
1986 | |
Steven M. Hamill, CFA Senior Managing Director |
Winslow Capital and other advisory affiliates (equity portfolio management) |
2006 |
1993 |
38 |
Section 3 Fund Management |
Management Fees |
Fund Name |
Management Fee |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
0.64% |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
0.85% |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
0.64% |
Section 3 Fund Management |
39 |
Purchase and Sale of Shares |
40 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
41 |
42 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
43 |
Distributor |
Distribution and Service Payments |
44 |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
Frequent Trading |
Section 4 Investing in the Funds |
45 |
Dividends and Distributions |
Taxes |
46 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
47 |
48 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
49 |
Net Asset Value |
Premium/Discount Information |
Fund Service Providers |
50 |
Section 5 General Information |
Listing Exchange |
Proxy Portfolio and Proxy Overlap |
Section 5 General Information |
51 |
Investment Operations |
Less Distributions |
||||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended October 31, |
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
Net Investment Income (Loss)(a) |
Net Realized/ Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
Total |
From Net Investment Income |
From Net Realized Gains |
Return of Capital |
Total |
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
Market Price, End of Period |
|||||||||||
NDVG 2023 |
$24.26 |
$ 0.37 |
$0.62 |
$0.99 |
$(0.36 |
) |
$ - |
$ - |
$(0.36 |
) |
$24.89 |
$24.90 |
|||||||||
2022 |
26.13 |
0.34 |
(1.87 |
) |
(1.53 |
) |
(0.33 |
) |
(0.01 |
) |
- |
(0.34 |
) |
24.26 |
24.27 |
||||||
2021(d) |
25.00 |
0.09 |
1.10 |
1.19 |
(0.06 |
) |
- |
- |
(0.06 |
) |
26.13 |
26.14 |
|||||||||
NSCS 2023 |
21.57 |
0.04 |
(0.79 |
) |
(0.75 |
) |
(0.07 |
) |
- |
(0.01) |
(0.08 |
) |
20.74 |
20.74 |
|||||||
2022 |
26.21 |
0.06 |
(4.67 |
) |
(4.61 |
) |
(0.03 |
) |
- |
(0.03 |
) |
21.57 |
21.57 |
||||||||
2021(d) |
25.00 |
0.01 |
1.20 |
1.21 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
26.21 |
26.22 |
|||||||||||
NWLG 2023 |
18.00 |
- |
(f) |
3.78 |
3.78 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
21.78 |
21.78 |
|||||||||
2022 |
26.39 |
(0.02 |
) |
(8.37 |
) |
(8.39 |
) |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
18.00 |
18.00 |
|||||||
2021(d) |
25.00 |
(0.02 |
) |
1.41 |
1.39 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
26.39 |
26.37 |
52 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | |||||||||||||
Total Return |
Ratios to Average Net Assets |
||||||||||||
Based on Net Asset Value(b) |
Based on Market Price(b) |
Net Assets, End of Period (000) |
Expenses |
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate(c) | ||||||||
4.08 |
% |
4.08 |
% |
$8,214 |
0.65 |
% |
1.45 |
% |
18 |
% | |||
(5.89 |
) |
(5.91 |
) |
7,763 |
0.64 |
1.34 |
12 |
||||||
4.76 |
4.82 |
6,009 |
0.64 |
(e) |
1.52 |
(e) |
7 |
||||||
(3.49 |
) |
(3.51 |
) |
5,393 |
0.86 |
0.19 |
44 |
||||||
(17.61 |
) |
(17.62 |
) |
5,608 |
0.85 |
0.27 |
64 |
||||||
4.84 |
4.87 |
6,290 |
0.85 |
(e) |
0.23 |
(e) |
11 |
||||||
20.95 |
21.00 |
5,445 |
0.65 |
0.01 |
71 |
||||||||
(31.77 |
) |
(31.74 |
) |
4,501 |
0.64 |
(0.08 |
) |
58 |
|||||
5.56 |
5.50 |
6,069 |
0.64 |
(e) |
(0.24 |
)(e) |
15 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
53 |
NGN-ELCSC-0224P |
![]() |
Exchange-Traded Funds |
29 February 2024 | ||
Listing Exchange |
Ticker Symbol | ||
Fund Name |
|||
Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF |
NYSE Arca, Inc. |
NUGO |
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense. |
Prospectus |
Table of Contents | |
NOT FDIC OR GOVERNMENT INSURED MAY LOSE VALUE NO BANK GUARANTEE |
Management Fees |
0.55% |
Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees |
0.00% |
Other Expenses |
0.01% |
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.56% |
2 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
3 |
4 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Annual Total Return |
|
|
|
|
|
Average Annual Total Returns | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
for the Periods Ended | |||||
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2023 | |||||
|
|
Inception Date |
1 Year |
Since Inception | ||||||
NUGO (return before taxes) |
|
09/27/21 |
|
|
45.87 |
% |
|
1.07 |
% | |
NUGO (return after taxes on distributions) |
|
|
|
|
45.81 |
% |
|
1.02 |
% | |
NUGO (return after taxes on distributions and sale of Fund shares) |
|
|
|
|
27.20 |
% |
|
0.81 |
% | |
Russell 1000® Growth Index |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
(reflects no deduction for taxes or sales loads) |
|
|
|
|
42.68 |
% |
|
3.79 |
% | |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
5 |
Name |
Title |
Portfolio Manager of Fund Since |
Karen Hiatt, CFA |
Managing Director |
September 2021 |
Terrence Kontos, CFA |
Managing Director |
September 2021 |
6 |
Section 1 Fund Summary |
Portfolio Holdings |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
7 |
8 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings |
Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
9 |
10 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
11 |
12 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
13 |
14 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
15 |
16 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
17 |
18 |
Section 2 Additional Detail About the Fund’s Strategy, Holdings and Risks |
Who Manages the Fund |
Section 3 Fund Management |
19 |
Management Fees |
20 |
Section 3 Fund Management |
Purchase and Sale of Shares |
Section 4 Investing in the Fund |
21 |
Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units |
Distributor |
22 |
Section 4 Investing in the Fund |
Distribution and Service Payments |
Section 4 Investing in the Fund |
23 |
Frequent Trading |
24 |
Section 4 Investing in the Fund |
Dividends and Distributions |
Taxes |
Section 5 General Information |
25 |
26 |
Section 5 General Information |
Section 5 General Information |
27 |
Net Asset Value |
28 |
Section 5 General Information |
Premium/Discount Information |
Fund Service Providers |
Section 5 General Information |
29 |
Listing Exchange |
30 |
Section 5 General Information |
Investment Operations |
Less Distributions |
|||||||||||||||||||
Year Ended October 31, |
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
Net Investment Income (Loss)(a) |
Net Realized/ Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
Total |
From Net Investment Income |
From Net Realized Gains |
Total |
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
Ending Market Price |
|||||||||||
NUGO 2023 |
$17.97 |
$0.05 |
$4.13 |
$4.18 |
$(0.05 |
) |
$- |
$(0.05 |
) |
$22.10 |
$22.08 |
|||||||||
2022 |
26.04 |
0.02 |
(8.09 |
) |
(8.07 |
) |
- |
(f) |
- |
- |
17.97 |
17.93 |
||||||||
2021(d) |
25.00 |
0.01 |
1.03 |
1.04 |
- |
- |
- |
26.04 |
26.05 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
31 |
Ratios/Supplemental Data | |||||||||||||||
Total Return |
Ratios to Average Net Assets |
||||||||||||||
Based on Net Asset Value(b) |
Based on Market Price(b) |
Net Assets, End of Period (000) |
Expenses |
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
Portfolio Turnover Rate(c) | ||||||||||
23.30 |
% |
23.46 |
% |
$2,476,996 |
0.56 |
% |
0.24 |
% |
31 |
% |
|||||
(31.01 |
) |
(31.16 |
) |
2,332,827 |
0.55 |
0.09 |
39 |
|
|||||||
4.18 |
4.18 |
1,687,423 |
0.55 |
(e) |
0.39 |
(e) |
2 |
32 |
Section 6 Financial Highlights |
NPR-GROW-0224P |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI relates to, and should be read in conjunction with, the prospectus dated February 29, 2024, for the Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF, Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF, Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF, Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF, Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF, Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF, and Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF (each, a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”), each a series of Nushares ETF Trust (the “Trust”), as such prospectus may be revised from time to time (the “Prospectus”). Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. A Prospectus may be obtained without charge from the Funds by visiting the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf or calling (888) 290-9881.
The Funds’ audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Funds’ most recent Annual Report to Shareholders. You may obtain a copy of a Fund’s Annual Report at no charge by request to the Fund, visiting the website, or calling the phone number noted above.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Each Fund is a diversified series of the Trust, an open-end management investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on February 20, 2015. Each series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets, with its own objective and policies. Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) within the Nuveen family of ETFs (the “Nuveen ETFs”). The investment objective of each Fund is to track the investment results, before fees and expenses, of its underlying index (each, an “Index” and, collectively, the “Indexes”). Each Fund’s investment adviser is Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (“Nuveen Fund Advisors” or the “Adviser”). Each Fund’s sub-adviser is Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational and offering expenses of the Trust.
Each Fund issues and redeems shares at its net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in large block aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Units”). Only certain institutional investors who have entered into agreements with the Funds’ distributor (“Authorized Participants”) may purchase and redeem shares directly from the Funds at NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the Funds are not redeemable securities. See “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units” later in this SAI for more information.
Each Fund's shares are listed for trading on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc., a national securities exchange (the “Listing Exchange”), and may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the Listing Exchange. The shares trade on the Listing Exchange at market prices that may differ from the shares’ NAVs.
Each Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), so that it will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are timely distributed to Fund shareholders. Each Fund invests its assets, and otherwise conducts its operations, in a manner that is intended to satisfy the qualifying income, diversification and distribution requirements necessary to establish and maintain eligibility for such treatment.
GENERAL RISKS
An investment in the Funds should be made with an understanding that the value of the Funds’ portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. The Funds may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Funds may decline in value. The Funds’ shares may trade above or below their NAV. An investor in the Funds could lose money over short or long periods of time. The price of the securities and other investments held by the Funds and thus the values of the Funds’ portfolios are expected to fluctuate in accordance with general economic conditions, interest rates, political events, and other factors.
Investor perceptions may also impact the value of each Fund’s investments and the value of an investment in each Fund’s shares. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, public health or banking crises. Issuer-specific conditions may also affect the value of a Fund’s investments. The financial condition of an issuer of a security or counterparty to a contract may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security or contract. The Funds cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer or counterparty defaults. Accordingly, the value of an investment in a Fund may change in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of a Fund’s portfolio securities.
Although the Funds attempt to invest in liquid securities and instruments, there can be no guarantee that a liquid market for such securities and instruments will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of a Fund’s shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
S-1
CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The method by which Creation Units are created and Fund shares are subsequently traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if, after placing an order for Creation Units with Nuveen Securities, LLC (“Nuveen Securities” or the “Distributor”), the broker-dealer or its client breaks them down into constituent shares and sells such shares directly to customers, or if the broker-dealer or its client chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the 1933 Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(a)(3) of the 1933 Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to shares of a Fund are reminded that pursuant to Rule 153 under the 1933 Act, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the 1933 Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Fund’s Prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the Prospectus and under “Investment Policies and Techniques” below, each Fund is subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The investment restrictions set forth in numbers (1) through (7) below are fundamental and cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, i.e., by the lesser of the vote of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting where more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF and Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF may not:
(1) Concentrate its investments in a particular industry or group of industries, as the term “concentrate” is used in the 1940 Act, except that the Fund may concentrate its investments in a particular industry or group of industries to approximately the same extent that the Index concentrates in a particular industry or group of industries.
Each Fund, except the Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF and Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF, may not:
(1) Concentrate its investments in a particular industry, as the term “concentrate” is used in the 1940 Act, except as may be necessary to approximate the composition of its Index.
Each Fund may not:
(2) Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
(3) With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase securities of an issuer (other than (i) securities issued by other investment companies, (ii) securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or (iii) repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. government securities) if (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund.
S-2
(4) Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from investing in options on commodity indices, commodity futures contracts and options thereon, commodity-related swap agreements, other commodity-related derivative instruments, and investment companies that provide exposure to commodities.
(5) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prevent the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or interests therein or of issuers engaged in real estate activities.
(6) Act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
(7) Make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
Except with respect to the limitation set forth in number (2) above, the foregoing restrictions and limitations will apply only at the time of purchase of securities, and the percentage limitations will not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of an acquisition of securities, unless otherwise indicated.
For purposes of applying the limitation set forth in number (1) above, according to the current interpretation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), a Fund would be concentrated in an industry if 25% or more of its net assets, based on current market value at the time of purchase, were invested in that industry. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitation set forth in number (1) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, issuers of the following securities will not be considered to be members of any industry: securities of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities; except as set forth in the following sentence, tax-exempt securities of state, territory, possession or municipal governments and their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and repurchase agreements collateralized by any such obligations. To the extent that the income from a municipal bond is derived principally from a specific project or backed principally from the assets and revenue of a non-governmental user, the securities will be deemed to be from the industry of that non-governmental user. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitation set forth in number (1) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, all sovereign debt of a single country will be considered investments in a single industry.
Where a security is guaranteed by a governmental entity or some other facility, such as a bank guarantee or letter of credit, such a guarantee or letter of credit would be considered a separate security and would be treated as an issue of such government, other entity or bank. Each foreign government will be considered to be a member of a separate industry.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (2) above, under the 1940 Act as currently in effect, a Fund is not permitted to issue senior securities, except that a Fund may borrow from any bank if immediately after such borrowing the value of a Fund’s total assets is at least 300% of the principal amount of all of a Fund’s borrowings (i.e., the principal amount of the borrowings may not exceed 33 1/3% of a Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300%, a Fund shall, within three calendar days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays), reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowing shall be at least 300%.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (7) above, there are no limitations with respect to unsecured loans made by a Fund to an unaffiliated party. However, if a Fund loans its portfolio securities, the obligation on the part of the Fund to return collateral upon termination of the loan could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. In order to avoid violation of Section 18(f), a Fund may not make a loan of portfolio securities if, as a result, more than one-third of its total asset value (at market value computed at the time of making a loan) would be on loan.
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In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, each Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Funds’ Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without a shareholder vote.
A Fund may not:
(1) Acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on subparagraph (F) or subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act.
(2) Invest directly in futures, options on futures and swaps to the extent that the Adviser would be required to register with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator. See “Investment Policies and Techniques—Derivatives—Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps.”
Each Fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Name Policy”) whereby the Fund, under normal market conditions, will (i) invest at least 80% of the sum of its net assets and the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes in component securities of its Index and, (ii) for each Fund except for Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF, invest at least 80% of the sum of its net assets and the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes in companies with market capitalizations suggested by the Fund’s name. As a result, each of these Funds must provide shareholders with a notice, meeting the requirements of Rule 35d-1(c), at least 60 days prior to any change of its Name Policy. For purposes of the Name Policy, each Fund may consider both direct investments and indirect investments (e.g., investments in other investment companies, derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics similar to the direct investments that meet the Name Policy) when determining compliance with the Name Policy. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, a Fund’s future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES
The following information supplements the discussion of the Funds’ investment objectives, principal investment strategies, policies and techniques that appears in the Prospectus for the Funds. Additional information concerning principal investment strategies of the Funds, and other investment strategies that may be used by the Funds, are set forth below in alphabetical order.
If a percentage limitation on investments by a Fund stated in this SAI or the Prospectus is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from changes in asset value will not be deemed to violate the limitation except in the case of the limitations on borrowing. In connection with the Fund’s investment restrictions, any reference in this SAI or the Prospectus to a specific rating encompasses all gradations of that rating (e.g., if this SAI or the Prospectus states that a fund may invest in securities rated as low as B, the fund may invest in securities rated B-).
References in this section to the Adviser also apply, to the extent applicable, to the Sub-Adviser of the Funds.
Borrowing Money
Each Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by the 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. Each Fund may also invest in reverse repurchase agreements, which are considered borrowings under the 1940 Act. Although the 1940 Act presently allows each Fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets), and there is no limit on the percentage of Fund assets that can be used in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, under normal circumstances any borrowings by a Fund will not exceed 10% of the Fund’s total assets. While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, a Fund will, for all of its reverse repurchase agreements, either (i) consistent with Section 18 of the 1940 Act, maintain asset coverage of at least 300% of the value of the repurchase agreement, or (ii) treat the reverse repurchase agreement as a derivatives transaction for purposes of Rule 18f-4, including, as applicable, the value-at-risk-based limit on leverage risk.
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Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Each Fund may hold assets in cash or cash equivalents, money market funds and short-term taxable fixed income securities in such proportions as warranted by prevailing market conditions and the Fund’s principal investment strategies. Each Fund may only invest in short-term taxable fixed income securities with a maturity of one year or less and whose issuers have a long-term rating of at least A- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”), A3 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or A- or higher by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”). Short-term taxable fixed income securities are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government Securities. Each Fund may invest in U.S. government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest, which are either issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government agency securities include securities issued by (a) the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, and the Government National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; (b) the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, and the Tennessee Valley Authority, whose securities are supported by the right of the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (c) the Federal National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and (d) the Student Loan Marketing Association, whose securities are supported only by its credit. While the U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it always will do so since it is not so obligated by law. The U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market value of their securities, and consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate. In addition, each Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of non-U.S. countries. U.S. Treasury obligations include separately traded interest and principal component parts of such obligations, known as Separately Traded Registered Interest and Principal Securities (“STRIPS”), which are transferable through the Federal book-entry system. STRIPS are sold as zero coupon securities, which means that they are sold at a substantial discount and redeemed at face value at their maturity date without interim cash payments of interest or principal. This discount is accreted over the life of the security, and such accretion will constitute the income earned on the security for both accounting and tax purposes. Because of these features, such securities may be subject to greater interest rate volatility than interest paying U.S. Treasury obligations.
(2) Certificates of Deposit. Each Fund may invest in certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or savings and loan association. Such certificates are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. If such certificates of deposit are non-negotiable, they will be considered illiquid investments and be subject to the Fund’s 15% restriction on investments in illiquid investments. Pursuant to the certificate of deposit, the issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the certificate on the date specified thereon. Under current FDIC regulations, the maximum insurance payable as to any one certificate of deposit is $250,000; therefore, certificates of deposit purchased by a Fund may not be fully insured.
(3) Bankers’ Acceptances. Each Fund may invest in bankers’ acceptances, which are short-term credit instruments used to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of interest for a specific maturity.
(4) Repurchase Agreements. Each Fund may invest in repurchase agreements which involve purchases of debt securities. In such an action, at the time the Fund purchases the security, it simultaneously agrees to resell and redeliver the security to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the security at a fixed price and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period since the resale price is always greater than the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase
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agreements only with respect to certain obligations. Collateral may consist of any fixed income security which is an eligible investment for the Fund. The Fund’s custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase agreement, or the securities will be part of the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the collateral falls below the repurchase price under the repurchase agreement (including any accrued interest), the Fund will promptly receive additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to the repurchase price plus accrued interest). Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, however, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The portfolio managers monitor the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement. The portfolio managers do so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(5) Bank Time Deposits. Each Fund may invest in bank time deposits, which are monies kept on deposit with banks or savings and loan associations for a stated period of time at a fixed rate of interest. There may be penalties for the early withdrawal of such time deposits, in which case the yields of these investments will be reduced.
(6) Commercial Paper. Each Fund may invest in commercial paper, which are short-term unsecured promissory notes, including variable rate master demand notes issued by corporations to finance their current operations. Master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and a corporation. There is no secondary market for the notes. However, they are redeemable by the Fund at any time. The portfolio managers will consider the financial condition of the corporation (e.g., earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios) and will continuously monitor the corporation’s ability to meet all of its financial obligations, because the Fund’s liquidity might be impaired if the corporation were unable to pay principal and interest on demand. A Fund may purchase commercial paper consisting of issues rated at the time of purchase within the two highest rating categories by Standard & Poor’s, Fitch or Moody’s, or which have been assigned an equivalent rating by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization.
(7) Eurodollar and Yankee Instruments. Each Fund may invest in Eurodollar certificates of deposit issued by foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; Eurodollar time deposits, which are U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; and Yankee certificates of deposit, which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by U.S. branches of foreign banks and held in the United States. In each instance, a Fund may only invest in bank instruments issued by an institution which has capital, surplus and undivided profits of more than $100 million or the deposits of which are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund.
(8) Money Market Funds and Short-Term Debt Funds. Each Fund may invest in money market funds. A Fund will bear its proportionate share of the money market fund’s fees and expenses (see “Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles” below). A Fund may hold securities of other mutual funds that invest primarily in debt obligations with remaining maturities of 13 months or less.
(9) Variable Amount Master Demand Notes. Each Fund may invest in variable amount master demand notes, which are unsecured demand notes that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate according to the terms of the instrument. Because master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between a Fund and the issuer, they are not normally traded. Although there is no secondary market in the notes, a Fund may demand payment of principal and accrued interest at any time. While the notes are not typically rated by credit rating agencies, issuers of variable amount master demand notes (which are normally manufacturing, retail, financial, and other business concerns) must
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satisfy the same criteria as set forth above for commercial paper. The Sub-Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuers of such notes and will continuously monitor their financial status and ability to meet payment on demand.
Derivatives
Subject to the limitations set forth below under “Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps,” each Fund may use derivative instruments as described below. Generally, a derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives generally take the form of contracts under which the parties agree to payments between them based upon the performance of a wide variety of underlying references, such as stocks, bonds, loans, commodities, interest rates, currency exchange rates, and various domestic and foreign indices.
A Fund may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including as a substitute for investing directly in securities, as part of a hedging strategy (that is, for the purpose of reducing risk to the Fund), or for other purposes related to the management of the Fund. Derivatives permit a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. However, derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest. As a result, a small investment in derivatives could have a large impact on a Fund’s performance.
While transactions in some derivatives may be effected on established exchanges, many other derivatives are privately negotiated and entered into in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market with a single counterparty. When exchange-traded derivatives are purchased and sold, a clearing agency associated with the exchange stands between each buyer and seller and effectively guarantees performance of each contract, either on a limited basis through a guaranty fund or to the full extent of the clearing agency’s balance sheet. Transactions in OTC derivatives not subject to a clearing requirement have no such protection. Each party to an uncleared OTC derivative bears the risk that its direct counterparty will default. In addition, OTC derivatives are generally less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives because they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction.
The use of derivative instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the CFTC, various state regulatory authorities and, with respect to exchange-traded derivatives, the several exchanges upon which they are traded. Under Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, a registered investment company’s derivatives exposure, which includes short positions and certain when-issued and delayed delivery transactions for this purpose, is limited through a value-at-risk test and Rule 18f-4 requires the adoption and implementation of a derivatives risk management program for certain derivatives users. However, subject to certain conditions, limited derivatives users (as defined in Rule 18f-4) are not subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. In connection with adopting Rule 18f-4, the SEC eliminated that asset segregation framework arising from prior SEC guidance for covering derivatives and certain financial instruments. In addition, under Rule 18f-4, a Fund is permitted to invest in when-issued securities, and the transaction will be deemed not to involve a senior security, provided that (i) a Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and (ii) the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date (the “Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision”). A Fund may otherwise engage in such transactions that do not meet the conditions of the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision so long as a Fund treats any such transaction as a “derivatives transaction” for purposes of compliance with the rule. Rule 18f-4 could limit a Fund’s ability to engage in certain derivatives transactions and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions, which could adversely affect the value or performance of the Fund. Changes in the value of a derivative may also create margin delivery or settlement payment obligations for a Fund. In addition, a Fund’s ability to use derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.
The particular derivative instruments a Fund can use are described below. A Fund’s portfolio managers may decide not to employ some or all of these instruments, and there is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by a Fund will succeed. A Fund may employ new derivative instruments and strategies when they are developed, if those investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.
Options Transactions
Each Fund may purchase put and call options on specific securities (including groups or “baskets” of specific securities), stock indices, and/or foreign currencies. In addition, a Fund may write put and call options on such financial instruments.
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Options on Securities. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on securities. A put option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right (but not the obligation) to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying security at a stated price (the “exercise price”) at any time before the option expires. A call option on a security gives the purchaser the right (but not the obligation) to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price at any time before the option expires. The purchase price for a put or call option is the “premium” paid by the purchaser for the right to sell or buy.
A Fund may purchase put options to hedge against a decline in the value of its portfolio. By using put options in this way, a Fund would reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized in the underlying security by the amount of the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs. In similar fashion, a Fund may purchase call options to protect against an increase in the price of securities that a Fund anticipates purchasing in the future, a practice sometimes referred to as “anticipatory hedging.” The premium paid for the call option plus any transaction costs will reduce the benefit, if any, realized by a Fund upon exercise of the option, and, unless the price of the underlying security rises sufficiently, the option may expire unexercised.
Options on Interest Rates and Indices. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on interest rates and bond indices. An option on interest rates or on an index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing value of the underlying interest rate or index is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the exercise-settlement value of the interest rate option or the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple (the “multiplier”). The writer of the option is obligated, for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. Settlements for interest rate and index options are always in cash.
Options on Currencies. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on foreign currencies. A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period in the secondary market for such options at any time prior to expiration.
A foreign currency call option rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a foreign currency put option rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option may protect the Fund against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it would limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of the currency. For example, if a Fund were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. In such an event, however, the amount of the Fund’s gain would be offset in part by the premium paid for the option. Similarly, if a Fund entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Fund would not need to exercise its call if the currency instead depreciated in value. In such a case, the Fund could acquire the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement in the spot market at a lower price than the exercise price of the option.
Writing Options. The Funds may write (sell) put and call options. These transactions would be undertaken principally to produce additional income. A Fund receives a premium from writing options which it retains whether or not the option is exercised. The Funds may write straddles consisting of a combination of a call and a put written on the same underlying instrument.
A Fund will write a call option on a security only if (a) the Fund owns the security underlying the call, (b) the Fund has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other liquid assets in such amount are segregated), or (c) the Fund holds a call on the same security where the exercise price of the call is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
A Fund will write a call option on a basket of securities, an index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets in an amount equal to the contract value of the index, basket or currency, or (b) the Fund holds a call on the same index, basket or currency as the call written where the exercise price of
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the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
A Fund will write a put option on a security, basket of securities, index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets equal to the exercise price or (b) the Fund holds a put on the same security, basket of securities, index or currency as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
When a Fund writes a straddle, sufficient assets will be segregated to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. A Fund may segregate the same liquid assets for both the call and put options in a straddle where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, the Fund will also segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is “in the money.”
Expiration or Exercise of Options. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. If an option written by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security, currency or index, exercise price, and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when a Fund desires.
The Funds may sell put or call options it has previously purchased, which could result in a net gain or loss depending on whether the amount realized on the sale is more or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put or call option which is sold. Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series. A Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security, currency or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security, currency or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.
Futures
Each Fund may engage in futures transactions. A Fund may buy and sell futures contracts that relate to (1) interest rates, (2) foreign currencies, (3) debt securities, and (4) bond indices. A Fund may only enter into futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security, interest rate or currency (each a “financial instrument”) for a set price on a future date. Certain futures contracts, such as futures contracts relating to individual securities, call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument. However, these contracts generally are closed out before delivery by entering into an offsetting purchase or sale of a matching futures contract. Other futures contracts, such as futures contracts on interest rates and indices, do not call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument, but rather are agreements pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the financial instrument at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the contract was originally written. These contracts also may be settled by entering into an offsetting futures contract.
Unlike when a Fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, a Fund will be required to deposit with its futures broker (also known as a futures commission merchant (“FCM”)) an amount of cash or securities equal to a specified percentage of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin. The margin deposit is intended to ensure completion of the contract. Minimum initial margin requirements are established by the futures exchanges and may be revised. In addition, FCMs may establish margin deposit requirements that are higher than the exchange minimums. Cash held as margin is generally invested by the FCM in high-quality instruments permitted under CFTC regulations, with returns retained by the FCM and interest paid to the Fund on the cash at an agreed-upon rate. A Fund will also receive any interest paid from coupon-bearing securities, such as Treasury securities, held in margin accounts.
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Subsequent payments to and from the FCM, called variation margin, will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying financial instrument fluctuates, making the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking the contract to market. Changes in variation margin are recorded by a Fund as unrealized gains or losses. At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, a Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position that will operate to terminate its position in the futures contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the Fund, and the Fund realizes a gain or loss. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of an FCM that holds margin on behalf of a Fund, the Fund may be entitled to the return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM’s other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the Fund. Futures transactions also involve brokerage costs.
Most U.S. futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
Forward Currency Contracts and other Foreign Currency Transactions
Each Fund may enter into forward currency contracts. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Unlike futures contracts, which are standardized contracts, forward contracts can be specifically drawn to meet the needs of the parties that enter into them. The parties to a forward currency contract may agree to offset or terminate the contract before its maturity, or may hold the contract to maturity and complete the contemplated exchange. Because forward contracts are not traded on an exchange, a Fund is subject to the credit and performance risk of the counterparties to such contracts.
Swap Transactions
Each Fund may enter into interest rate, total return, and credit default swap agreements.
The Funds may enter into swap transactions for any purpose consistent with its investment objectives and strategies, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining a return or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in other markets, to protect against an increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, to reduce risk arising from the ownership of a particular instrument, or to gain exposure to certain securities, reference rates, sectors or markets.
Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for a specified period of time. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined asset, reference rate or index. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount, e.g., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index. The notional amount of the swap agreement generally is only used as a basis upon which to calculate the obligations that the parties to the swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Fund’s current obligations under a net swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund).
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps are financial instruments that involve the exchange of one type of interest rate for another type of interest rate cash flow on specified dates in the future. Some of the different types of interest rate swaps are “fixed-for floating rate swaps,” “termed basis swaps” and “index amortizing swaps.” Fixed-for floating rate swaps involve the exchange of fixed interest rate cash flows for floating rate cash flows. Termed basis swaps entail cash flows to both parties based on floating interest rates, where the interest rate indices are different. Index amortizing swaps are typically fixed-for floating swaps where the notional amount changes if certain conditions are met. Like a traditional investment in a debt security, a Fund could lose money by investing in an interest rate swap if interest rates change adversely.
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Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, one party agrees to pay the other the “total return” of a defined underlying asset during a specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. A total return swap may be applied to any underlying asset but is most commonly used with bonds and defined baskets of loans and mortgages. A Fund might enter into a total return swap involving an underlying index or basket of securities to create exposure to a potentially widely-diversified range of securities in a single trade. An index total return swap can be used by the portfolio managers to assume risk, without the complications of buying the component securities from what may not always be the most liquid of markets.
Credit Default Swaps. A credit default swap is a bilateral contract that enables an investor to buy or sell protection against a defined-issuer credit event. A Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements either as a buyer or a seller. The Fund may buy protection to attempt to mitigate the risk of default or credit quality deterioration in one or more of its individual holdings or in a segment of the fixed income securities market to which it has exposure, or to take a “short” position in individual bonds or market segments which it does not own. The Fund may sell protection in an attempt to gain exposure to the credit quality characteristics of particular bonds or market segments without investing directly in those bonds or market segments.
As the buyer of protection in a credit default swap, the Fund will pay a premium (by means of an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the agreement) in return for the right to deliver a referenced bond or group of bonds to the protection seller and receive the full notional or par value (or other agreed upon value) upon a default (or similar event) by the issuer(s) of the underlying referenced obligation(s). If no default occurs, the protection seller would keep the stream of payments and would have no further obligation to the Fund. Thus, the cost to the Fund would be the premium paid with respect to the agreement. If a credit event occurs, however, the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. The Fund bears the risk that the protection seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations.
If a Fund is a seller of protection in a credit default swap and no credit event occurs, the Fund would generally receive an up-front payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the swap. If a credit event occurs, however, generally the Fund would have to pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As the protection seller, the Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Thus, the Fund bears the same risk as it would by buying the reference obligations directly, plus the additional risks related to obtaining investment exposure through a derivative instrument discussed below under “Risks Associated with Swap Transactions.”
Swap Options. A swap option is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel, or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement at some designated future time on specified terms. A cash-settled option on a swap gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to receive an amount of cash equal to the value of the underlying swap as of the exercise date. A Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swap options. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swap option than when it purchases a swap option. When the Fund purchases a swap option, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when a Fund writes a swap option, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Risks Associated with Swap Transactions. The use of swap transactions is a highly specialized activity which involves strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. If the Sub-Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of default risks, market spreads or other applicable factors the investment performance of the Fund would diminish compared with what it would have been if these techniques were not used. As the protection seller in a credit default swap, a Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The Fund may only close out a swap or other two-party contract with its particular counterparty, and may only transfer a position with the consent of that counterparty. In addition, the price at which the Fund may close out such a two party contract may not correlate with the price change in the underlying
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reference asset. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there can be no assurance that the counterparty will be able to meet its contractual obligations or that the Fund will succeed in enforcing its rights. It also is possible that developments in the derivatives market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap or other agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Caps, Collars and Floors
Each Fund may enter into interest rate caps, floors, and collars. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. In a typical cap or floor agreement, one party agrees to make payments only under specified circumstances, usually in return for payment of a fee by the other party. For example, the buyer of an interest rate cap obtains the right to receive payments to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds an agreed-upon level. The seller of an interest rate floor is obligated to make payments to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below an agreed-upon level. An interest rate collar involves selling a cap and purchasing a floor or vice versa to protect a Fund against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.
Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps
Each Fund will limit its direct investments in CFTC-regulated futures, options on futures and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”) to the extent necessary for the Adviser to claim the exclusion from regulation as a commodity pool operator with respect to each of the Funds under CFTC Rule 4.5, as such rule may be amended from time to time. Under Rule 4.5 as currently in effect, each Fund will limit its trading activity in CFTC Derivatives (excluding activity for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined by the CFTC) such that it meets one of the following tests:
· Aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its positions in CFTC Derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions; or
· Aggregate net notional value of its positions in CFTC Derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions.
With respect to each Fund, the Adviser has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator thereunder.
The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may also limit the extent to which a Fund may invest in CFTC Derivatives. See “Tax Matters—Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company.”
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts and Options
Each Fund’s transactions in futures contracts and options will be subject to special provisions of the Code, that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying to be taxed as a regulated investment company and the distribution requirement for avoiding excise taxes.
Risks and Special Considerations Concerning Derivatives
The use of derivative instruments involves certain general risks and considerations as described below.
(1) Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that the value of the underlying assets may go up or down. Adverse movements in the value of an underlying asset can expose a Fund to losses. The successful use of derivative instruments depends upon a variety of factors, particularly the portfolio managers’ ability to predict movements in the relevant markets, which may require different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy adopted will succeed.
(2) Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of a counterparty to comply with the terms of a derivative instrument. The
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counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is generally less than for OTC derivatives, since generally a clearing agency, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For many OTC instruments, there is no similar clearing agency guarantee and there is less regulation or supervision of transactions. In all transactions, a Fund will bear the risk that the counterparty will default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. Each Fund will enter into derivatives transactions only with counterparties that its portfolio managers reasonably believe are capable of performing under the contract.
(3) Correlation Risk. Correlation risk is the risk that there might be an imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of a derivative instrument and price movements of investments being hedged. When a derivative transaction is used to completely hedge another position, changes in the market value of the combined position (the derivative instrument plus the position being hedged) result from an imperfect correlation between the price movements of the two instruments. With a perfect hedge, the value of the combined position remains unchanged with any change in the price of the underlying asset. With an imperfect hedge, the value of the derivative instrument and its hedge are not perfectly correlated. For example, if the value of a derivative instrument used in a short hedge (such as a CDS) increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investments, the hedge would not be perfectly correlated. This might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using instruments on indices will depend, in part, on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and the price movements in the investments being hedged.
(4) Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a derivative instrument cannot be sold, closed out or replaced quickly at or very close to its fundamental value. Generally, exchange contracts are very liquid because the exchange clearinghouse is the counterparty of every contract. OTC transactions are less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives since they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction. A Fund might be required to maintain assets as “cover,” maintain segregated accounts, and/or make margin payments when it takes positions in derivative instruments involving obligations to third parties (i.e., instruments other than purchase options). If a Fund is unable to close out its positions in such instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expires, matures or is closed out. These requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Fund’s ability to sell or close out a position in an instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends upon the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the counterparty to enter into a transaction closing out the position. There is no assurance that any derivatives position can be sold or closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund. The Fund must comply with the SEC rule related to the use of derivatives and certain other transactions when engaging in the transactions discussed above. See “Derivatives” above.
(5) Legal Risk. Legal risk is the risk of loss caused by the unenforceability of a party’s obligations under the derivative. While a party seeking price certainty agrees to surrender the potential upside in exchange for downside protection, the party taking the risk is looking for a positive payoff. Despite this voluntary assumption of risk, a counterparty that has lost money in a derivative transaction may try to avoid payment by exploiting various legal uncertainties about certain derivative products.
(6) Systemic or “Interconnection” Risk. Systemic or interconnection risk is the risk that a disruption in the financial markets will cause difficulties for all market participants. In other words, a disruption in one market will spill over into other markets, perhaps creating a chain reaction. Much of the OTC derivatives market takes place among the OTC dealers themselves, thus creating a large interconnected web of financial obligations. This interconnectedness raises the possibility that a default by one large dealer could create losses for other dealers and destabilize the entire market for OTC derivative instruments.
(7) Leverage Risk. Leverage risk is the risk that a Fund may be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged due to leverage’s tendency to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may also cause a
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Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.
(8) Regulatory Risk. The Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has initiated a dramatic revision of the U.S. financial regulatory framework and covers a broad range of topics, including (among many others) a reorganization of federal financial regulators; a process intended to improve financial systemic stability and the resolution of potentially insolvent financial firms; and new rules for derivatives trading. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act makes broad changes to the OTC derivatives market, grants significant new authority to the SEC and the CFTC to regulate OTC derivatives and market participants, and will require clearing and exchange trading of many OTC derivatives transactions. New requirements, such as capital requirements and mandatory clearing of OTC derivatives transactions, have impacted and may continue to impact the costs to a fund of trading these instruments and, as a result, may affect returns to investors in a Fund. Instruments in which a Fund may invest, or the issuers of such instruments, may be affected by the new legislation and regulation in ways that are unforeseeable. Certain of the implementing regulations have not yet been finalized or made effective. Accordingly, the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act, including on the derivative instruments in which a Fund may invest, is not yet certain.
Equity Securities
Under normal market conditions, the Funds primarily invest in equity securities, which include common stocks, preferred securities, warrants to purchase common stocks or preferred securities, convertible securities, participatory notes, interests in real estate investment trusts, common and preferred units of master limited partnerships, and other securities with equity characteristics.
Common Stocks
Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred securities, dividends on common stocks are not prescribed in advance but are declared at the discretion of a company’s board.
While investing in stocks allows shareholders to participate in the benefits of owning a company, such shareholders must accept the risks of ownership. Unlike bondholders, who have preference to a company’s earnings and cash flow, common stockholders are entitled only to the residual amount after a company meets its other obligations. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects than its debt obligations. Stockholders of a company that fares poorly can lose money.
Stock markets tend to move in cycles with short or extended periods of rising and falling stock prices. The value of a company’s stock may fall because of:
· Factors that directly relate to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services;
· Factors affecting an entire industry, such as increases in production costs; and
· Changes in financial market conditions that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates or inflation rates.
An investment in common stocks of issuers with small or medium market capitalizations generally involves greater risk and price volatility than an investment in common stocks of larger, more established companies. This increased risk may be due to the greater business risks of their small or medium size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of management depth. The securities of small and medium capitalization companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market, and might not be traded in volumes typical of securities traded on a national securities exchange. Thus, the securities of small and medium capitalization companies are likely to be less liquid and subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established companies.
Preferred Securities
Like common stocks, preferred securities are also units of ownership in a company, but preferred securities normally have preference over common stocks in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of the company. In all other respects, however, preferred securities are subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer. Unlike common stocks, preferred securities are generally not entitled to vote on corporate matters. Types of preferred securities include adjustable-rate preferred securities, fixed dividend preferred securities, perpetual preferred securities and sinking fund preferred securities. Generally, the market
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value of preferred securities with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk.
Because preferred securities are generally junior to most other forms of debt securities and other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater changes in the value of a preferred security than in a more senior debt security with similar stated yield characteristics.
Warrants
Each Fund may invest in warrants if, after giving effect thereto, not more than 5% of its net assets will be invested in warrants other than warrants acquired in units or attached to other securities. Investing in warrants is purely speculative in that they have no voting rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. Warrants are issued by the issuer of a security and provide their holder the option to purchase that security upon the warrants’ exercise at a specific price for a specific period of time. They do not represent ownership of the securities but only the right to buy them. The prices of warrants do not necessarily parallel the prices of the underlying securities.
Convertible Securities
For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, a Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
Convertible securities are hybrid securities that combine the investment characteristics of bonds and common stocks. Convertible securities typically consist of debt securities or preferred securities that may be converted within a specified period of time (typically for the entire life of the security) into a certain amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different issuer at a predetermined price. They also include debt securities with warrants or common stock attached and derivatives combining the features of debt securities and equity securities. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt, or dividends paid or accrued on preferred securities, until the security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
The market value of a convertible security generally is a function of its “investment value” and its “conversion value.” A security’s “investment value” represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a comparable non-convertible fixed-income security). The investment value is determined by, among other things, reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar non-convertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer’s capital structure. A security’s “conversion value” is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security. If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like non-convertible debt or a preferred security in the sense that its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security into which it can be converted. Instead, the convertible security’s price will tend to move in the opposite direction from interest rates. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying stock. In that case, the convertible security’s price may be as volatile as that of the common stock. Because both interest rate and market movements can influence its value, a convertible security is not generally as sensitive to interest rates as a similar fixed-income security, nor is it generally as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying stock.
A Fund’s investments in convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid. A Fund’s investments in convertible securities may at times include securities that have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities (of the same or a different issuer) at a specified date and a specified conversion ratio, or that are convertible at the option of the issuer. For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, a Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
In addition, some convertible securities are often rated below investment-grade or are not rated, and therefore may be considered speculative investments. The credit rating of a company’s convertible
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securities is generally lower than that of its conventional debt securities. Convertible securities are normally considered “junior” securities—that is, the company usually must pay interest on its conventional corporate debt before it can make payments on its convertible securities. Some convertible securities are particularly sensitive to interest rate changes when their predetermined conversion price is much higher than the issuing company’s common stock.
Participatory Notes
The Funds may invest in participatory notes issued by banks or broker-dealers that are designed to replicate the performance of certain non-U.S. companies traded on a non-U.S. exchange. Participatory notes are a type of equity-linked derivative which generally are traded over-the-counter. Even though a participatory note is intended to reflect the performance of the underlying equity securities on a one-to-one basis so that investors will not normally gain or lose more in absolute terms than they would have made or lost had they invested in the underlying securities directly, the performance results of participatory notes will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the notes seek to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses. Investments in participatory notes involve risks normally associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities. In addition, participatory notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank that issues the notes will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with a Fund. Participatory notes constitute general unsecured, unsubordinated contractual obligations of the banks or broker-dealers that issue them, and a Fund is relying on the creditworthiness of such banks or broker-dealers and has no rights under a participatory note against the issuers of the securities underlying such participatory notes. There can be no assurance that the trading price or value of participatory notes will equal the value of the underlying value of the equity securities they seek to replicate.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding, and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate located in the United States or foreign countries. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 90% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.
REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation which are realized through property sales. A mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT.
Investing in REITs would subject a Fund to risks associated with the real estate industry. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies which own and operate real estate directly, companies which lend to such companies, and companies which service the real estate industry.
The Fund may also be subject to risks associated with direct investments in REITs. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders. REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Code or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.
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Master Limited Partnerships
Equity securities in which a Fund may invest include master limited partnerships (“MLPs”). An MLP is an entity, most commonly a limited partnership, that is taxed as a partnership publicly traded and listed on a national securities exchange. Holders of common units of MLPs typically have limited control and limited voting rights as compared to holders of a corporation’s common shares. MLPs are limited by the Code to only apply to enterprises that engage in certain businesses, mostly pertaining to the use of natural resources, such as petroleum and natural gas extraction and transportation, although some other enterprises may also qualify as MLPs.
Illiquid Investments
The Funds may invest in illiquid investments (i.e., investments that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment). For purposes of this restriction, illiquid investments include, but are not limited to, restricted securities (securities the disposition of which is restricted under the federal securities laws) and repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days. However, a Fund will not acquire illiquid investments if, as a result, such securities would comprise more than 15% of the value of a Fund’s net assets. The Board or its delegate has the ultimate authority to determine, to the extent permissible under the federal securities laws, which securities are liquid or illiquid for purposes of this 15% limitation. The Board has delegated to the Adviser the day-to-day determination of the illiquidity of any portfolio security, although it has retained oversight over and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. The Adviser works with and to a large extent relies on the expertise and advice of the Sub-Adviser in making these liquidity determinations. Although no definitive liquidity criteria are used, the Board has directed the Adviser to look to such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale market, the frequency of trades and quotes for the security, the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security, and the amount of time normally needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer); (ii) the terms of certain securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g., certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); and (iii) other permissible relevant facts.
Restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the 1933 Act. Where registration is required, a Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time a Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, a Fund might obtain a less favorable price than that which prevailed when it decided to sell. Illiquid investments will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or its delegate.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
In order to generate additional income, each Fund may lend portfolio securities representing up to one-third of the value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers of securities that the Adviser has determined are creditworthy. The securities lending agent will generally bear the risk that a borrower may default on its obligation to return loaned securities; however, a Fund bears the risk that the securities lending agent may default on its contractual obligations to the Fund. A Fund also bears the market risk with respect to the investment of the cash collateral used to secure the loan. A Fund may lose money on its investment of cash collateral or may fail to earn sufficient income on its investment to meet its obligations to the borrower. Each Fund will pay a portion of the income earned on other lending transactions to the placing broker and may pay administrative and custodial fees in connection with these loans.
In these loan arrangements, a Fund will receive cash collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the securities loaned as determined at the time of loan origination. If the market value of the loaned securities increases, the borrower must furnish additional collateral to the Fund. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays a Fund any dividends or interest paid on the securities. Loans are subject to termination at any time by a Fund or the borrower. While a Fund does not have the right to vote securities on loan, it would terminate the loan and regain the right to vote if that were considered important with respect to the investment.
When a Fund lends portfolio securities to a borrower, payments in lieu of dividends made by the borrower to the Fund will not constitute “qualified dividends” taxable at the same rate as long-term capital
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gains, even if the actual dividends would have constituted qualified dividends had the Fund held the securities. However, each Fund currently recalls all loaned securities from the borrower so that it may receive dividends paid on the securities, if any.
Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Each Fund may invest in other investment companies, including open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, and ETFs registered under the 1940 Act (“1940 Act ETFs”). Under the 1940 Act, a Fund’s investment in such securities is generally limited to 3% of the total voting stock of any one investment company; 5% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company; and 10% of the Fund’s total assets in the aggregate. 1940 Act ETFs, however, may rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest beyond these statutory limits, subject to certain conditions and pursuant to contractual arrangements between the ETFs and the investing funds. A Fund will only invest in other investment companies and pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in Fund-eligible investments. A Fund’s investments in other investment companies may include money market mutual funds. Investments in money market funds are not subject to the percentage limitations set forth above.
The Fund may invest in index ETFs, which are index funds bought and sold on a securities exchange. An index ETF trades like common stock and represents a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market index. ETFs can give exposure to all or a portion of the U.S. market, a foreign market, a region, a commodity, a currency, or to any other index that an ETF tracks. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile and ETFs have management fees that increase their costs. An ETF may fail to accurately track the returns of the market segment or index that it is designed to track, and the price of an ETF’s shares may fluctuate. In addition, because they, unlike traditional mutual funds, are traded on an exchange, ETFs are subject to the following risks: (i) the performance of the ETF may not replicate the performance of the underlying index that it is designed to track; (ii) the market price of the ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the ETF’s NAV; (iii) an active trading market for an ETF may not develop or be maintained; and (iv) there is no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the ETF will continue to be met or remain unchanged. Trading in an ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted, which could result in the ETF being more volatile. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of a Fund’s shares could also be substantially and adversely affected.
If a Fund invests in other investment companies or pooled investment vehicles, Fund shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only to the Fund, but also to the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shares of certain closed-end funds may at times be acquired at market prices representing premiums to their NAVs. Shares acquired at a premium to their NAV may be more likely to subsequently decline in price, resulting in a loss to the Fund and its shareholders.
Over-the-Counter Market
Each Fund may invest in over-the-counter securities. In contrast to the securities exchanges, the over-the-counter market is not a centralized facility that limits trading activity to securities of companies which initially satisfy certain defined standards. Generally, the volume of trading in an unlisted or over-the-counter security is less than the volume of trading in a listed security. This means that the depth of market liquidity of some securities in which each Fund invests may not be as great as that of other securities and, if the Fund were to dispose of such a security, it might have to offer the securities at a discount from recent prices, or sell the securities in small lots over an extended period of time.
When-Issued or Delayed-Delivery Transactions
Each Fund may from time to time purchase securities on a “when-issued” or other delayed-delivery basis. The price of securities purchased on a when-issued basis is fixed at the time the commitment to purchase is made, but delivery and payment for the securities take place at a later date. Normally, the settlement date occurs within 45 days of the purchase. During the period between the purchase and settlement, no payment is made by a Fund to the issuer and no interest is accrued on debt securities and no dividend income is earned on equity securities. Forward commitments involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date. This risk is in addition to the risk of decline in value of a Fund’s other assets. Although when-issued securities may be
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sold prior to the settlement date, the Fund intends to purchase such securities with the purpose of actually acquiring them. At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase a security on a when-issued basis, it will record the transaction and reflect the value of the security in determining its NAV. The Fund does not believe that NAV will be adversely affected by purchases of securities on a when-issued basis.
Each Fund will designate on its books or maintain in a segregated account cash and liquid securities equal in value to commitments for when-issued securities. When the time comes to pay for when-issued securities, a Fund will meet its obligations from then-available cash flow, sale of the segregated securities, sale of other securities or, although it would not normally expect to do so, from the sale of the when-issued securities themselves (which may have a market value greater or less than the Fund’s payment obligation).
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the Prospectus under “Purchase and Sale of Shares.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such section of the Prospectus.
Each Fund’s shares trade on the Listing Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from their NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Listing Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of a Fund’s shares will continue to be met.
The Listing Exchange will consider the suspension of trading in, and will initiate delisting proceedings of, a Fund’s shares under any of the following circumstances: (1) if any of the requirements set forth in the Listing Exchange rules are not continuously maintained; (2) if, where the Listing Exchange has filed a separate proposal under Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act, any of the statements regarding (a) the index composition; (b) the description of a Fund; (c) limitations on a Fund’s portfolio holdings or reference assets; or (d) the applicability of the Listing Exchange listing rules specified in such proposal are not continuously maintained; (3) if, following the initial twelve-month period after the commencement of trading of a Fund on the Listing Exchange, there are fewer than 50 beneficial holders of the shares of such Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; (4) if the value of a Fund’s underlying index is no longer calculated or available or an interruption to the dissemination of the value of the index persists past the trading day in which it occurred or the underlying index is replaced with a new index, unless the new underlying index meets certain Listing Exchange requirements; or (5) if such other event shall occur or condition exists that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. In addition, the Listing Exchange will remove the shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Trust or a Fund.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of a Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers’ commissions on transactions in Fund shares will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The base and trading currency of each Fund is the U.S. dollar. The base currency is the currency in which a Fund’s NAV per share is calculated and the trading currency is the currency in which shares of a Fund are listed and traded on the Listing Exchange.
MANAGEMENT
The management of the Trust, including general supervision of the duties performed for the Funds by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, is the responsibility of the Board. The number of trustees of the Trust is twelve, all of whom are not interested persons of the Funds as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (referred to herein as “independent trustees”). None of the independent trustees has ever been a trustee, director or employee of, or consultant to, the Adviser or its affiliates. The names, business addresses and years of birth of the trustees and officers of the Funds, their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, the number of portfolios each trustee oversees and other directorships they hold are set forth below. Except as noted in the table below, the trustees of the Trust are directors or trustees, as the case may be, of 212 Nuveen-sponsored registered investment companies (the “Nuveen Funds”), which include 147 open-end mutual funds, including the Funds (the “Nuveen Mutual Funds”), 46 closed-end funds and 19 Nuveen ETFs.
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other | |
Independent Trustees: |
||||||
Joseph A. Boateng* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Chief Investment Officer, Casey Family Programs (since 2017), formerly, Director of U.S. Pension Plans Johnson & Johnson (2002-2006). |
191 |
Board Member, Lumina Foundation (since 2018) and Waterside School (since 2021), Board Member (2012-2019); Emeritus Board Member (since 2020), Year-Up Puget Sound Investment Advisory Committee Member and Former Chair (since 2007), Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System; Investment Committee Member (since 2012), The Seattle Foundation | |
Michael A. Forrester* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021) and Chief Operating Officer (2007-2014), Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC. |
191 |
Trustee (since 2019), Dexter Southfield School; Member (since 2020), Governing Council of the Independent Directors Counsel (IDC). | |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Thomas J. Kenny |
Co-Chair of the |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head of Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Team (2002-2010), Goldman Sachs Asset Management. |
212 |
Director (since 2015) and Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee (since 2018), Aflac Incorporated; Director (since 2018), ParentSquare, former Director (2012-2022) and Finance Committee Chair (2016-2022) Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member (2017-2019), B’Box Former Member (2011-2022), the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member (2012-2020), Cottage Health System; Board Member (2009-2019) and Former President of the Board (2014-2018) of Crane County Day School. |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Joanne T. Medero |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, Government Relations and Public Policy (2009-2020) and Senior Advisor to the Vice Chairman (2018-2020), BlackRock, Inc. (global investment management firm); formerly, Managing Director, Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy, Barclays Group (IBIM) (investment banking, investment management businesses) (2006-2009); formerly, Managing Director, Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Barclays Global Investors (global investment management firm) (1996-2006); formerly, Partner, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP (law firm) (1993-1995); formerly, General Counsel, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (government agency overseeing U.S. derivatives markets) (1989-1993); formerly, Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs, Office of Presidential Personnel, The White House (1986-1989). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors, Baltic-American Freedom Foundation (seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic states to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the U.S.) (since 2019). |
Albin F. Moschner |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Northcroft Partners, LLC, (management consulting), (since 2012); formerly, held positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc.,(consumer wireless service) including Consultant (2011-2012), Chief Operating Officer (2008-2011) and Chief Marketing Officer (2004-2008); formerly, President, Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc.(telecommunications services) (2000-2003); formerly, President, One Point Services at One Point Communications (telecommunications services) (1999-2000); formerly, Vice Chairman of the Board, Diba, Incorporated (internet technology provider) (1996-1997); formerly, various executive positions (1991-1996) and Chief Executive Officer (1995-1996) of Zenith Electronics Corporation (consumer electronics). |
212 |
Formerly, Chairman (2019), Director (2012-2019), USA Technologies, Inc. (a provider of solutions and services to facilitate electronic payment transactions); formerly, Director, Wintrust Financial Corporation (1996-2016). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
John K. Nelson |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, senior external advisor to the Financial Services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP (2012-2014); Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., North America, and Global Head of the Financial Markets Division (2007-2008), with various executive leadership roles in ABN AMRO Bank N.V. between 1996 and 2007. |
212 |
Member of Board of Directors (since 2008) of Core12 LLC (private firm which develops branding, marketing and communications strategies for clients); formerly, Member of the President’s Council (2010-2019) of Fordham University; formerly, Director (2009-2018) of the Curran Center for Catholic American Studies. |
Loren M. Starr** |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Independent Consultant/Advisor (since 2021). Formerly, Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director (2020-2021), Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director (2005-2020), Invesco Ltd. |
211 |
Director (since 2023), AMG; formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Directors (2014-2021), Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Trustees (2014-2018), Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). |
Matthew Thornton III |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2018-2019), FedEx Freight Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”) (provider of transportation, e-commerce and business services through its portfolio of companies); formerly, Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations (2006-2018), Federal Express Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx. |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors (since 2014), The Sherwin-Williams Company (develops, manufactures, distributes and sells paints, coatings and related products); Director (since 2020), Crown Castle International (provider of communications infrastructure); formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2012-2018), Safe Kids Worldwide® (a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing childhood injuries). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Terence J. Toth |
Co-Chair of the |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Co-Founding Partner, Promus Capital (investment advisory firm) (2008-2017); formerly, Director of Quality Control Corporation (manufacturing) (2012-2021); formerly, Director, Fulcrum IT Service LLC (information technology services firm to government entities) (2010-2019); formerly, Director, LogicMark LLC (health services) (2012-2016); formerly, Director, Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. (asset management) (2008-2013); formerly, CEO and President, Northern Trust Global Investments (financial services) (2004-2007); Executive Vice President, Quantitative Management & Securities Lending (2000- 2004); prior thereto, various positions with Northern Trust Company (financial services) (since 1994). |
212 |
Chair of the Board (since 2021) of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2008), Catalyst Schools of Chicago (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2012), formerly, Investment Committee Chair (2017-2022), Mather Foundation (philanthropy); formerly, Member (2005-2016), Chicago Fellowship Board (philanthropy); formerly, Member Northern Trust Mutual Funds Board (2005-2007), Northern Trust Global Investments Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Japan Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Securities Inc. Board (2003-2007) and Northern Trust Hong Kong Board (1997-2004). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Margaret L. Wolff |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Of Counsel (2005-2014), Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (Mergers & Acquisitions Group) (legal services). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2005), New York-Presbyterian Hospital; Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2004) formerly, Chair (2015-2022), The John A. Hartford Foundation (philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults); formerly, Member (2005-2015) and Vice Chair (2011-2015) of the Board of Trustees of Mt. Holyoke College; formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2013-2017) of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each, a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). |
Robert L. Young |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Director, J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (financial services) (2010-2016); formerly, President and Principal Executive Officer (2013-2016), and Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2005-2010), of J.P. Morgan Funds; formerly, Director and various officer positions for J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (formerly, JPMorgan Funds Management, Inc. and formerly, One Group Administrative Services) and JPMorgan Distribution Services, Inc. (financial services) (formerly, One Group Dealer Services, Inc.) (1999-2017). |
212 |
None |
*Mr. Boateng and Mr. Forrester were each elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Core Equity Alpha Fund, Nuveen Core Plus Impact Fund, Nuveen Credit Strategies Income Fund, Nuveen Dow 30SM Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Floating Rate Income Fund, Nuveen Global High Income Fund, Nuveen Minnesota Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Missouri Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Mortgage and Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Asset Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, Nuveen Municipal Credit Opportunities Fund, Nuveen NASDAQ 100 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Preferred and Income Term Fund, Nuveen Preferred & Income Opportunities Fund, Nuveen Real Asset Income and Growth Fund, Nuveen Real Estate Income Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Buy-Write Income Fund, Nuveen Variable Rate Preferred & Income Fund, and Nuveen Virginia Quality Municipal Income Fund, for which each serves as a consultant.
**Mr. Starr was elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, for which he serves as a consultant.
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Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight
The Board oversees the operations and management of the Nuveen Funds, including the duties performed for the Nuveen Funds by the Adviser or its affiliates. The Board has adopted a unitary board structure. A unitary board consists of one group of trustees who serve on the board of every fund in the Nuveen Fund complex (except with respect to certain Nuveen Funds where certain trustees may instead serve as consultants, as indicated in the “Independent Trustees” table included herein). In adopting a unitary board structure, the trustees seek to provide effective governance through establishing a board, the overall composition of which will, as a body, possess the appropriate skills, diversity (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), independence and experience to oversee the Nuveen Funds’ business. With this overall framework in mind, when the Board, through its Nominating and Governance Committee discussed below, seeks nominees for the Board, the trustees consider, not only the candidate’s particular background, skills and experience, among other things, but also whether such background, skills and experience enhance the Board’s diversity and at the same time complement the Board given its current composition and the mix of skills and experiences of the incumbent trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee believes that the Board generally benefits from diversity of background (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), skills, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy on diversity or any particular definition of diversity.
The Board believes the unitary board structure enhances good and effective governance, particularly given the nature of the structure of the investment company complex. Funds in the same complex generally are served by the same service providers and personnel and are governed by the same regulatory scheme which raises common issues that must be addressed by the trustees across the fund complex (such as compliance, valuation, liquidity, brokerage, trade allocation or risk management). The Board believes it is more efficient to have a single board review and oversee common policies and procedures which increases the Board’s knowledge and expertise with respect to the many aspects of fund operations that are complex-wide in nature. The unitary structure also enhances the Board’s influence and oversight over the Adviser and other service providers.
In an effort to enhance the independence of the Board, the Board also has Co-Chairs that are independent trustees. The Board recognizes that a chair can perform an important role in setting the agenda for the Board, establishing the boardroom culture, establishing a point person on behalf of the Board for fund management, and reinforcing the Board’s focus on the long-term interests of shareholders. The Board recognizes that a chair may be able to better perform these functions without any conflicts of interests arising from a position with fund management. Accordingly, the trustees have elected (i) Thomas J. Kenny to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a one-year term ending on December 31, 2024, (ii) Terence J. Toth to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, and (iii) Robert L. Young to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024. Each of these individuals will also serve as Co-Chairs of the boards of the TC Funds for the same terms. Specific responsibilities of the Co-Chair include: (i) coordinating with fund management in the preparation of the agenda for each meeting of the Board; (ii) presiding at all meetings of the Board and of the shareholders; and (iii) serving as a liaison with
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other trustees, the Trust’s officers and other fund management personnel, and counsel to the independent trustees. The Co-Chairs perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.
Although the Board has direct responsibility over various matters (such as advisory contracts and underwriting contracts), the Board also exercises certain of its oversight responsibilities through several committees that it has established and which report back to the full Board. The Board believes that a committee structure is an effective means to permit trustees to focus on particular operations or issues affecting the Nuveen Funds, including risk oversight. More specifically, with respect to risk oversight, the Board has delegated matters relating to valuation, compliance and investment risk to certain committees (as summarized below). In addition, the Board believes that the periodic rotation of trustees among the different committees allows the trustees to gain additional and different perspectives of a Nuveen Fund’s operations. The Board has established seven standing committees: the Executive Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Audit Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Investment Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee. The Board may also from time to time create ad hoc committees to focus on particular issues as the need arises. The membership and functions of the standing committees are summarized below. For more information on the Board, please visit www.nuveen.com/fundgovernance.
The Executive Committee, which may meet between regular meetings of the Board, is authorized to exercise all of the powers of the Board. The Executive Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Executive Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Executive Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Executive Committee did not meet.
The Audit Committee assists the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the accounting and financial reporting policies, processes and practices of the Nuveen Funds, and the audits of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the quality and integrity of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the Nuveen Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements; the independent auditors’ qualifications, performance and independence; and the Valuation Policy of the Nuveen Funds and the internal valuation group of the Adviser, as valuation designee for the Nuveen Funds. It is the responsibility of the Audit Committee to select, evaluate and replace any independent auditors (subject only to Board approval and, if applicable, shareholder ratification) and to determine their compensation. The Audit Committee is also responsible for, among other things, overseeing the valuation of securities comprising the Nuveen Funds’ portfolios. The Audit Committee is also primarily responsible for the oversight of the Valuation Policy and actions taken by the Adviser, as valuation designee of the Funds, through its internal valuation group, which provides regular reports to the committee, reviews any issues relating to the valuation of the Nuveen Funds’ securities brought to its attention and considers the risks to the Nuveen Funds in assessing the possible resolutions to these matters. The Audit Committee may also consider any financial risk exposures for the Nuveen Funds in conjunction with performing its functions.
To fulfill its oversight duties, the Audit Committee regularly meets with Management to discuss the Nuveen Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports and has regular meetings with the external auditors for the Nuveen Funds and the Adviser’s internal audit group. In assessing financial risk disclosure, the Audit Committee also may review in a general manner the processes the Board or other Board committees have in place with respect to risk assessment and risk management as well as compliance with legal and regulatory matters relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. Members of the Audit Committee shall be independent (as set forth in the charter) and free of any relationship that, in the opinion of the trustees, would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment as an Audit Committee member. The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Nelson, Chair, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Starr, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young, each of whom is an independent trustee of the Nuveen Funds. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr and Mr. Young have each been designated as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC rules. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Audit Committee met fourteen times.
The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for seeking, identifying and recommending to the Board qualified candidates for election or appointment to the Board. In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee oversees matters of corporate governance, including the evaluation of Board performance and processes, the assignment and rotation of committee members,
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and the establishment of corporate governance guidelines and procedures, to the extent necessary or desirable, and matters related thereto. Although the unitary and committee structure has been developed over the years and the Nominating and Governance Committee believes the structure has provided efficient and effective governance, the committee recognizes that as demands on the Board evolve over time (such as through an increase in the number of funds overseen or an increase in the complexity of the issues raised), the committee must continue to evaluate the Board and committee structures and their processes and modify the foregoing as may be necessary or appropriate to continue to provide effective governance. Accordingly, the Nominating and Governance Committee has a separate meeting each year to, among other things, review the Board and committee structures, their performance and functions, and recommend any modifications thereto or alternative structures or processes that would enhance the Board’s governance of the Nuveen Funds.
In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee, among other things, makes recommendations concerning the continuing education of trustees; monitors performance of legal counsel and other service providers; establishes and monitors a process by which security holders are able to communicate in writing with members of the Board; and periodically reviews and makes recommendations about any appropriate changes to trustee compensation. In the event of a vacancy on the Board, the Nominating and Governance Committee receives suggestions from various sources, including shareholders, as to suitable candidates. Suggestions should be sent in writing to William Siffermann, Manager of Fund Board Relations, Nuveen, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. The Nominating and Governance Committee sets appropriate standards and requirements for nominations for new trustees and reserves the right to interview any and all candidates and to make the final selection of any new trustees. In considering a candidate’s qualifications, each candidate must meet certain basic requirements, including relevant skills and experience, time availability (including the time requirements for due diligence meetings to internal and external sub-advisers and service providers) and, if qualifying as an independent trustee candidate, independence from the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and other service providers, including any affiliates of these entities. These skill and experience requirements may vary depending on the current composition of the Board, since the goal is to ensure an appropriate range of skills, diversity and experience, in the aggregate. Accordingly, the particular factors considered and weight given to these factors will depend on the composition of the Board and the skills and backgrounds of the incumbent trustees at the time of consideration of the nominees. All candidates, however, must meet high expectations of personal integrity, independence, governance experience and professional competence. All candidates must be willing to be critical within the Board and with management and yet maintain a collegial and collaborative manner toward other Board members. The committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Nuveen Funds. The members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Ms. Lancellotta, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee met seven times.
The Dividend Committee is authorized to declare distributions on the Nuveen Funds’ shares, including, but not limited to, regular and special dividends, capital gains and ordinary income distributions. The members of the Dividend Committee are Mr. Thornton, Chair, Ms. Lancellotta, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Starr. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Dividend Committee met four times.
The Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee (the “Compliance Committee”) is responsible for the oversight of compliance issues, risk management and other regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds that are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other committees. The Board has adopted and periodically reviews policies and procedures designed to address the Nuveen Funds’ compliance and risk matters. As part of its duties, the Compliance Committee reviews the policies and procedures relating to compliance matters and recommends modifications thereto as necessary or appropriate to the full Board; develops new policies and procedures as new regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds arise from time to time; evaluates or considers any comments or reports from examinations from regulatory authorities and responses thereto; and performs any special reviews, investigations or other oversight responsibilities relating to risk management, compliance and/or regulatory matters as requested by the Board.
In addition, the Compliance Committee is responsible for risk oversight, including, but not limited to, the oversight of general risks related to investments which are not reviewed by other committees, such
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as liquidity and derivatives usage; risks related to product structure elements, such as leverage; techniques that may be used to address the foregoing risks, such as hedging and swaps and Fund operational risk and risks related to the overall operation of the TIAA/Nuveen enterprise and, in each case, the controls designed to address or mitigate such risks. In assessing issues brought to the Compliance Committee’s attention or in reviewing a particular policy, procedure, investment technique or strategy, the Compliance Committee evaluates the risks to the Nuveen Funds in adopting a particular approach compared to the anticipated benefits to the Nuveen Funds and their shareholders. In fulfilling its obligations, the Compliance Committee meets on a quarterly basis, and at least once a year in person. The Compliance Committee receives written and oral reports from the Nuveen Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) and meets privately with the CCO at each of its quarterly meetings. The CCO also provides an annual report to the full Board regarding the operations of the Nuveen Funds’ and other service providers’ compliance programs as well as any recommendations for modifications thereto. Certain matters not addressed at the committee level may be addressed by another committee or directly by the full Board. The Compliance Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Compliance Committee are Ms. Wolff, Chair, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Lancellota, Ms. Medero, Mr. Thornton and Mr. Toth. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compliance Committee met four times.
The Investment Committee is responsible for the oversight of Fund performance, investment risk management and other portfolio-related matters affecting the Fund which are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other Board committees. As part of such oversight, the Investment Committee reviews the Fund’s investment performance and investment risks, which may include, but is not limited to, an evaluation of Fund performance relative to investment objectives, benchmarks and a peer group; a review of risks related to portfolio investments, such as exposures to particular issuers, market sectors, or types of securities, as well as consideration of other factors that could impact or are related to Fund performance; and an assessment of Fund objectives, policies and practices as such may relate to Fund performance. In assessing issues brought to the Investment Committee’s attention or in reviewing an investment policy, technique or strategy, the Investment Committee evaluates the risks to the Fund in adopting or recommending a particular approach or resolution compared to the anticipated benefits to the Fund and its shareholders.
In fulfilling its obligations, the Investment Committee receives quarterly reports from the investment oversight and the investment risk groups at Nuveen. Such groups also report to the full Board on a quarterly basis and the full Board participates in further discussions with Fund management at its quarterly meetings regarding matters relating to Fund performance and investment risks, including with respect to the various drivers of performance and Fund use of leverage and hedging. Accordingly, the Board directly and/or in conjunction with the Investment Committee oversees the investment performance and investment risk management of the Fund. The Investment Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This Investment Committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Fund. Accordingly, the members of the Investment Committee are Mr. Boateng and Ms. Lancellotta, Co-Chairs, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Investment Committee met three times.
The Open-End Funds Committee is responsible for assisting the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the Nuveen Mutual Funds and the Nuveen ETFs (collectively, the “Nuveen Open-End Funds”). The committee may review and evaluate matters related to the formation and the initial presentation to the Board of any new Nuveen Open-End Funds and may review and evaluate any matters relating to any existing Nuveen Open-End Funds. The Open-End Funds Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Open-End Funds Committee are Mr. Forrester and Ms. Medero, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Kenny, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Open-End Funds Committee met four times.
Board Diversification and Trustee Qualifications
In determining that a particular trustee was qualified to serve on the Board, the Board has considered each trustee’s background, skills, experience and other attributes in light of the composition of the Board with no particular factor controlling. The Board believes that trustees need to have the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties, and the Board believes each trustee satisfies this standard. An effective trustee may achieve this ability through his or her educational background; business,
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professional training or practice; public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member or executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. Accordingly, set forth below is a summary of the experiences, qualifications, attributes, and skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this document, that each trustee should continue to serve in that capacity. References to the experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills of trustees are pursuant to requirements of the SEC, do not constitute holding out of the Board or any trustee as having any special expertise or experience and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.
Joseph A. Boateng
Since 2007, Mr. Boateng has served as the Chief Investment Officer for Casey Family Programs. He was previously Director of U.S. Pension Plans for Johnson & Johnson from 2002 to 2006. Mr. Boateng is a board member of the Lumina Foundation and Waterside School, an emeritus board member of Year Up Puget Sound, member of the Investment Advisory Committee and former Chair for the Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System, and an Investment Committee Member for The Seattle Foundation. Mr. Boateng received a B.S. from the University of Ghana and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Michael A. Forrester
From 2007 to 2021, Mr. Forrester held various positions with Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC (“Cooper Rock”), including Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021), Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) (2007-2014) and Board Member (2007-2021). Mr. Forrester is currently a member of the Independent Directors Council Governing Council of the Investment Company Institute. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Dexter Southfield School. Mr. Forrester has a B.A. from Washington and Lee University.
Thomas J. Kenny
Mr. Kenny, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a one-year term expiring on December 31, 2024, served as an Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head (2002-2010) of Goldman Sachs Asset Management’s Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management team, having worked at Goldman Sachs since 1999. Mr. Kenny is a Director and the Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee of Aflac Incorporated and a Director of ParentSquare. He is a Former Director and Finance Committee Chair for the Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member, B’Box; Former Member of the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member, Cottage Health System; and Former President of the Board of Crane Country Day School. He received a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and an M.S. from Golden Gate University. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and has served as Chairman of CREF since 2017.
Amy B.R. Lancellotta
After 30 years of service, Ms. Lancellotta retired at the end of 2019 from the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies on regulatory, legislative and securities industry initiatives that affect funds and their shareholders. From November 2006 until her retirement, Ms. Lancellotta served as Managing Director of ICI’s Independent Directors Council (IDC), which supports fund independent directors in fulfilling their responsibilities to promote and protect the interests of fund shareholders. At IDC, Ms. Lancellotta was responsible for all ICI and IDC activities relating to the fund independent director community. In conjunction with her responsibilities, Ms. Lancellotta advised and represented IDC, ICI, independent directors and the investment company industry on issues relating to communication, governance and policy initiatives. Prior to serving as Managing Director of IDC, Ms. Lancellotta held various other positions with ICI beginning in 1989. Before joining ICI, Ms. Lancellotta was an associate at two Washington D.C. law firms. In addition, she has been President, since 2023, and a member, since 2020, of the Board of Directors of the Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA), an organization that seeks to end power-based violence, empower survivors and ensure safe communities. Ms. Lancellotta received a B.A. degree from Pennsylvania State University in 1981 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1984.
Joanne T. Medero
Ms. Medero has over 30 years of financial services experience and, most recently, from December 2009 until her retirement in July, 2020, she was a Managing Director in the Government Relations and Public Policy Group at BlackRock, Inc. (BlackRock). From July 2018 to July 2020, she was
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also a Senior Advisor to BlackRock’s Vice Chairman, focusing on public policy and corporate governance issues. In 1996, Ms. Medero joined Barclays Global Investors (BGI), which merged with BlackRock in 2009. At BGI, she was a Managing Director and served as Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary until 2006. Then, from 2006 to 2009, Ms. Medero was a Managing Director and Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy at Barclays Group (IBIM), where she provided policy guidance and directed legislative and regulatory advocacy programs for the investment banking, investment management and wealth management businesses. Before joining BGI, Ms. Medero was a Partner at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP from 1993 to 1995, where she specialized in derivatives and financial markets regulation issues. Additionally, she served as General Counsel of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) from 1989 to 1993 and, from 1986 to 1989, she was Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs at The White House Office of Presidential Personnel. Further, from 2006 to 2010, Ms. Medero was a member of the CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee and she has been actively involved in financial industry associations, serving as Chair of the Steering Committee of the SIFMA (Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association) Asset Management Group (2016-2018) and Chair of the CTA (Commodity Trading Advisor), CPO (Commodity Pool Operator) and Futures Committee of the Managed Funds Association (2010-2012). Ms. Medero also chaired the Corporations, Antitrust and Securities Practice Group of The Federalist Society of Law and Public Policy (from 2000 to 2002 and 2010 to 2022). In addition, since 2019, she has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation, which seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic States to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the United States. Ms. Medero received a B.A. degree from St. Lawrence University in 1975 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1978.
Albin F. Moschner
Mr. Moschner is a consultant in the wireless industry and, in July 2012, founded Northcroft Partners, LLC, a management consulting firm that provides operational, management and governance solutions. Prior to founding Northcroft Partners, LLC, Mr. Moschner held various positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc., a provider of wireless services, where he was a consultant from February 2011 to July 2012, Chief Operating Officer from July 2008 to February 2011, and Chief Marketing Officer from August 2004 to June 2008. Before he joined Leap Wireless International, Inc., Mr. Moschner was President of the Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc. from 2000 to 2003, and President of One Point Services at One Point Communications from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Moschner also served at Zenith Electronics Corporation as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer from 1995 to 1996, and as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer from 1994 to 1995. Mr. Moschner was Chairman of the Board (2019) and a member of the Board of Directors (2012-2019) of USA Technologies, Inc. and, from 1996 until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Wintrust Financial Corporation. In addition, he is emeritus (since 2018) of the Advisory Boards of the Kellogg School of Management (1995-2018) and the Archdiocese of Chicago Financial Council (2012-2018). Mr. Moschner received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering from The City College of New York in 1974 and a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University in 1979.
John K. Nelson
Mr. Nelson is on the Board of Directors of Core12, LLC. (since 2008), a private firm that develops branding, marketing, and communications strategies for clients. Mr. Nelson has extensive experience in global banking and markets, having served in several senior executive positions with ABN AMRO Holdings N.V. and its affiliated entities and predecessors, including LaSalle Bank Corporation from 1996 to 2008, ultimately serving as Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO N.V. North America. During his tenure at the bank, he also served as Global Head of its Financial Markets Division, which encompassed the bank's Currency, Commodity, Fixed Income, Emerging Markets, and Derivatives businesses. He was a member of the Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States and during his tenure with ABN AMRO served as the bank’s representative on various committees of The Bank of Canada, European Central Bank, and The Bank of England. Mr. Nelson previously served as a senior, external advisor to the financial services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP. (2012-2014). At Fordham University, he served as a director of The President’s Council (2010- 2019) and previously served as a director of The Curran Center for Catholic American Studies (2009-2018). He served as a trustee and Chairman of The Board of Trustees of Marian University (2011-2013). Mr. Nelson is a graduate of Fordham University, holding a BA in Economics and an MBA in Finance.
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Loren M. Starr
Mr. Starr was Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director from 2020 to 2021, and Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director from 2005 to 2020, for Invesco, Ltd. Mr. Starr is also a Director for AMG. He is former Chair and member of the Board of Directors, Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); former Chair and member of the Board of Trustees, Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). Mr. Starr received a B.A. and a B.S. from Columbia College, an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, and an M.S. from Carnegie Mellon University.
Matthew Thornton III
Mr. Thornton has over 40 years of broad leadership and operating experience from his career with FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”), which, through its portfolio of companies, provides transportation, e-commerce and business services. In November 2019, Mr. Thornton retired as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of FedEx Freight Corporation (FedEx Freight), a subsidiary of FedEx, where, from May 2018 until his retirement, he had been responsible for day-to-day operations, strategic guidance, modernization of freight operations and delivering innovative customer solutions. From September 2006 to May 2018, Mr. Thornton served as Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations at Federal Express Corporation (FedEx Express), a subsidiary of FedEx. Prior to September 2006, Mr. Thornton held a range of positions of increasing responsibility with FedEx, including various management positions. In addition, Mr. Thornton currently (since 2014) serves on the Board of Directors of The Sherwin-Williams Company, where he is a member of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Board of Directors of Crown Castle International (since 2020), where he is a member of the Strategy Committee and the Compensation Committee. Formerly (2012-2018), he was a member of the Board of Directors of Safe Kids Worldwide®, a non-profit organization dedicated to the prevention of childhood injuries. Mr. Thornton is a member (since 2014) of the Executive Leadership Council (ELC), the nation’s premier organization of global black senior executives. He is also a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD). Mr. Thornton has been recognized by Black Enterprise on its 2017 list of the Most Powerful Executives in Corporate America and by Ebony on its 2016 Power 100 list of the world’s most influential and inspiring African Americans. Mr. Thornton received a B.B.A. degree from the University of Memphis in 1980 and an M.B.A. from the University of Tennessee in 2001.
Terence J. Toth
Mr. Toth, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, was a Co-Founding Partner of Promus Capital (2008-2017). From 2012 to 2021, he was a Director of Quality Control Corporation, from 2010 to 2019, he was a Director of Fulcrum IT Service LLC and from 2012 to 2016, he was a Director of LogicMark LLC. From 2008 to 2013, he was a Director of Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. From 2004 to 2007, he was Chief Executive Officer and President of Northern Trust Global Investments, and Executive Vice President of Quantitative Management & Securities Lending from 2000 to 2004. He also formerly served on the Board of the Northern Trust Mutual Funds. He joined Northern Trust in 1994 after serving as Managing Director and Head of Global Securities Lending at Bankers Trust (1986 to 1994) and Head of Government Trading and Cash Collateral Investment at Northern Trust from 1982 to 1986. He currently serves as Chair of the Board of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (since 2021) and is on the Board of Catalyst Schools of Chicago (since 2008). He is on the Mather Foundation Board (since 2012) and was Chair of its Investment Committee from 2017 to 2022. Mr. Toth graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois, and received his M.B.A. from New York University. In 2005, he graduated from the CEO Perspectives Program at Northwestern University.
Margaret L. Wolff
Ms. Wolff retired from Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in 2014 after more than 30 years of providing client service in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group. During her legal career, Ms. Wolff devoted significant time to advising boards and senior management on U.S. and international corporate, securities, regulatory and strategic matters, including governance, shareholder, fiduciary, operational and management issues. From 2013 to 2017, she was a Board member of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each of which is a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). Ms. Wolff has been a trustee of New York-Presbyterian Hospital since 2005 and, since 2004, she has served as a trustee of The John A. Hartford Foundation (a philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults) where she formerly served as Chair from 2015 to 2022. From 2005 to 2015, she was a trustee of Mt. Holyoke College and
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served as Vice Chair of the Board from 2011 to 2015. Ms. Wolff received her Bachelor of Arts from Mt. Holyoke College and her Juris Doctor from Case Western Reserve University School of Law.
Robert L. Young
Mr. Young, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024, has more than 30 years of experience in the investment management industry. From 1997 to 2017, he held various positions with J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (“J.P. Morgan Investment”) and its affiliates (collectively, “J.P. Morgan”). Most recently, he served as Chief Operating Officer and Director of J.P. Morgan Investment (from 2010 to 2016) and as President and Principal Executive Officer of the J.P. Morgan Funds (from 2013 to 2016). As Chief Operating Officer of J.P. Morgan Investment, Mr. Young led service, administration and business platform support activities for J.P. Morgan’s domestic retail mutual fund and institutional commingled and separate account businesses, and co-led these activities for J.P. Morgan’s global retail and institutional investment management businesses. As President of the J.P. Morgan Funds, Mr. Young interacted with various service providers to these funds, facilitated the relationship between such funds and their boards, and was directly involved in establishing board agendas, addressing regulatory matters, and establishing policies and procedures. Before joining J.P. Morgan, Mr. Young, a former Certified Public Accountant (CPA), was a Senior Manager (Audit) with Deloitte & Touche LLP (formerly, Touche Ross LLP), where he was employed from 1985 to 1996. During his tenure there, he actively participated in creating, and ultimately led, the firm’s midwestern mutual fund practice. Mr. Young holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Accounting from the University of Dayton and, from 2008 to 2011, he served on the Investment Committee of its Board of Trustees.
Board Compensation
The following table shows, for each independent trustee, (1) the aggregate compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid by the Funds for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, (2) the amount of total compensation paid by the Funds that has been deferred, and (3) the total compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid to each trustee by the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Board’s deferred compensation plan, a portion of the independent trustees’ compensation may be deferred and treated as though an equivalent dollar amount has been invested in shares of one or more eligible Nuveen Funds. The amount of total compensation that has been deferred provided below represents the total deferred fees (including the return from the assumed investment in the eligible Nuveen Funds) payable from the Funds.
Name of Trustee |
Estimated |
Amount of Total |
Total | ||||||||
Joseph A. Boateng1,2 |
$ |
— |
$ |
— |
$455,000 | ||||||
Jack B. Evans3 |
14,402 |
2,466 |
452,765 | ||||||||
Michael A. Forrester1,2 |
— |
— |
465,000 | ||||||||
William C. Hunter3 |
14,162 |
— |
444,750 | ||||||||
Thomas J. Kenny1,2 |
— |
— |
606,000 | ||||||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
13,426 |
4,385 |
432,032 | ||||||||
Joanne T. Medero |
13,212 |
6,568 |
414,408 | ||||||||
Albin F. Moschner |
15,670 |
— |
495,250 | ||||||||
John K. Nelson |
14,206 |
— |
462,350 | ||||||||
Loren M. Starr1,2 |
— |
— |
425,000 | ||||||||
Judith M. Stockdale4 |
3,531 |
2,631 |
101,024 | ||||||||
Carole E. Stone4 |
3,744 |
918 |
107,309 | ||||||||
Matthew Thornton III |
13,355 |
— |
433,750 | ||||||||
Terence J. Toth |
19,181 |
— |
607,350 | ||||||||
Margaret L. Wolff |
15,083 |
7,493 |
474,341 | ||||||||
Robert L. Young |
14,884 |
10,072 |
483,655 |
1 Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were not trustees of the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year presented and therefore did not receive any compensation from the Funds during the period.
2 “Total Compensation From Nuveen Funds Paid to Trustee” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr for the period presented includes compensation from College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”) and TIAA Separate Account VA-1 (“VA-1”), as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, during the period.
3 Mr. Evans and Dr. Hunter retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2023.
4 Ms. Stockdale and Ms. Stone retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2022.
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Prior to January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $205,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,000 per day for attendance in person or by telephone at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $3,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings where in-person attendance was required and $3,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in-person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Audit Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Dividend Committee meetings; (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at all other committee meetings ($1,000 for shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was required and $250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such committee meetings (excluding shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was not required, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in the case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held; and (g) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Open-End Funds Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $125,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $3,500 per day for site visits to entities that provide services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. When ad hoc committees are organized, the Nominating and Governance Committee at the time of formation determined compensation to be paid to the members of such committee; however, in general, such fees were $1,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at ad hoc committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $500 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required. Any compensation paid to the independent trustees as members of ad hoc committees is temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting. In certain circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board may have held in-person meetings by telephonic or videographic means and were compensated at the in-person rate.
Effective January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $210,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,250 per day for attendance at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $4,000 per meeting for attendance at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance at Audit Committee meetings, Open-End Funds Committee meetings and Investment Committee meetings; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance at Dividend Committee meetings; and (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance at all other committee meetings, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in each case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition
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to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $140,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Open-End Funds Committee and the Investment Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $5,000 per day for site visits to entities that provided services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. Per meeting fees for unscheduled Committee meetings or meetings of Ad Hoc or Special Assignment Committees were determined by the Chair of such Committee based on the complexity or time commitment associated with the particular meeting. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting.
Effective January 1, 2024, independent trustees receive a $350,000 annual retainer, plus they receive (a) an annual retainer of $30,000 for membership on the Audit Committee and Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, respectively; (b) an annual retainer of $20,000 for membership on the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Open-End Funds Committee, respectively. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair/Co-Chair of the Board receives $140,000 annually; the chair/co-chair of the Audit Committee and the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee receive $30,000 annually; and the chair/co-chair of the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee receive $20,000 annually. Board members will be paid either $1,000 or $2,500 for any ad hoc meetings of the Board or its standing committees, the chair/co-chair will be paid a quarterly fee of $1,250 and members will be paid a quarterly fee of $5,000. The annual retainers, fees and expenses of the Board are allocated among the funds in the Nuveen Fund Complex on the basis of relative net assets, although a minimum amount may be established to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses will be allocated only to those funds that are discussed at a given meeting.
Because Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr are new to the Board (the “New Board Members”), they did not receive any compensation from the Nuveen Funds prior to January 1, 2024. Additionally, information concerning New Board Members’ beneficial ownership of shares in the Funds is not presented since they were not Board members as of December 31, 2023.
The Trust does not have a retirement or pension plan. The Trust is a participant in a deferred compensation plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) that permits any independent trustee to elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of his or her compensation as an independent trustee. The deferred compensation of a participating trustee is credited to a book reserve account of the participating Nuveen Funds when the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the trustee. The value of the trustee’s deferral account at any time is equal to the value that the account would have had if contributions to the account had been invested and reinvested in shares of one or more of the eligible Nuveen Funds. An independent trustee may elect to receive distributions in a lump sum or over a period of five years. No participating Nuveen Fund will be liable for any other fund’s obligations to make distributions under the Deferred Compensation Plan.
The Funds have no employees. Each officer of the Trust serves without any compensation from the Funds. The CCO’s compensation, which is composed of base salary and incentive compensation, is paid by the Adviser, with review and input by the Board. Each Fund reimburses the Adviser for an allocable portion of the Adviser’s cost of the CCO’s incentive compensation.
Share Ownership
The information in the table below discloses the dollar ranges of (i) each trustee’s beneficial ownership in the Funds, and (ii) each trustee’s aggregate beneficial ownership in all Nuveen Funds, including in each case the value of fund shares elected by the trustee in the trustees’ deferred compensation plan, as of December 31, 2023, based on the value of fund shares as of that same date.
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Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of |
Aggregate | |||
Joseph A. Boateng2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Michael A. Forrester2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Thomas J. Kenny2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Joanne T. Medero |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Albin F. Moschner |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
John K. Nelson |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Loren M. Starr2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Matthew Thornton III |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Terence J. Toth |
NULG:$10,001-$50,000 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Margaret L. Wolff |
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Robert L. Young |
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
1. “Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr includes holdings in CREF and/or VA-1, as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
2. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were elected to the Board of Trustees of the Nuveen Funds effective January 1, 2024. Information regarding their holdings in the Funds is not presented because each was not a trustee of the Trust as of December 31, 2023.
As of February 1, 2024, the officers and trustees of the Trust, in the aggregate, owned less than 1% of the shares of the Funds.
As of February 1, 2024, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned, beneficially, or of record, any securities in (i) an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds or (ii) a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Investment Adviser
Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, each Fund’s investment adviser, has overall responsibility for management of the Funds, oversees the management of each Fund’s portfolio, manages each Fund’s business affairs and provides certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative services. In addition, the Adviser arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Funds to operate. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen, LLC (“Nuveen”), the investment management arm of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (“TIAA”). TIAA is a life insurance company founded in 1918 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and is the companion organization of College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”). The Adviser is located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
For the management services and facilities furnished by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, each Fund has agreed to pay an annual management fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable monthly, at a rate set forth in the Prospectus under “Fund Management—Management Fees.” From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The Adviser is responsible for substantially all other expenses of the Funds, except any future distribution and/or service fees, interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, fees incurred in acquiring and disposing of portfolio securities, fees and expenses of the independent trustees (including any trustees’ counsel fees), certain compensation expenses of the Funds’ chief compliance officer, litigation expenses, and extraordinary expenses. The following table sets forth the management fees paid by each Fund, during the last three fiscal years ended October 31.
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(1) The Fund commenced operations on September 27, 2021.
Sub-Adviser
The Adviser has selected Teachers Advisors, LLC to serve as sub-adviser to the Funds with primary responsibility for managing each Fund’s portfolio. TAL is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen and an affiliate of the Adviser. TAL also manages the investments of the TIAA-CREF Funds, the TIAA-CREF Life Funds and the TIAA Separate Account VA-1 and serves as sub-adviser to certain other funds managed by Nuveen Fund Advisors. TAL is located at 730 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017-3206. The Adviser pays TAL a portfolio management fee out of the advisory fee paid to the Adviser for its services to each Fund equal to 50% of the remainder of (a) the management fee payable by the Fund to the Adviser based on average daily net assets pursuant to the Management Agreement, less (b) any management fee waivers, expense reimbursement payments, revenue sharing payments and operating expenses of the Fund borne by the Adviser in respect to the Fund.
As a result of their common ownership by Nuveen and, ultimately, TIAA, Nuveen Fund Advisors and TAL are considered affiliated persons under common control, and the registered investment companies managed by each are considered to be part of the same group of investment companies.
Portfolio Managers
The following individuals have primary responsibility for the day-to-day implementation of the investment strategies of the Funds.
Teachers Advisors, LLC |
||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, Managing Director |
||
Lei Liao, Managing Director |
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Sub-Adviser and Portfolio Managers
Certain portfolio managers of the Funds also manage other registered investment companies or unregistered investment pools and investment accounts, including accounts for TIAA, its affiliated investment advisers, or other client or proprietary accounts (collectively, “Accounts”), which may raise potential conflicts of interest. The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers have put in place policies and procedures designed to mitigate any such conflicts. Additionally, TIAA or its affiliates may be involved in certain investment opportunities that have the effect of restricting or limiting Fund participation in such investment opportunities. Such conflicts and mitigating policies and procedures include the following:
Conflicting Positions. Investment decisions made for the Funds may differ from, and may conflict with, investment decisions made by the Sub-Adviser or any of its affiliated investment advisers for Accounts due to differences in investment objectives, investment strategies, account benchmarks, client risk profiles and other factors. As a result of such differences, if an Account were to sell a significant position in a security while a Fund maintained its position in that security, the market price of such security could decrease and adversely impact a Fund’s performance. In the case of a short sale, the selling Account would benefit from any decrease in price.
Conflicts may also arise in cases where one or more Funds or Accounts are invested in different parts of an issuer’s capital structure. For example, a Fund (or an Account) could acquire debt obligations of a company while an Account (or a Fund) acquires an equity investment in the
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same company. In negotiating the terms and conditions of any such investments, the Sub-Adviser (or, in the case of an Account, an affiliated investment adviser) may find that the interests of the debt-holding Fund (or Account) and the equity-holding Account (or Fund) may conflict. If that issuer encounters financial problems, decisions over the terms of the workout could raise conflicts of interest (including, for example, conflicts over proposed waivers and amendments to debt covenants). For example, debt holding Funds (or Accounts) may be better served by a liquidation of an issuer in which they could be paid in full, while equity-holding Accounts (or Funds) might prefer a reorganization of the issuer that would have the potential to retain value for the equity holders. As another example, holders of an issuer’s senior securities may be able to act to direct cash flows away from junior security holders, and both the junior and senior security holders may be a Fund (or an Account). Any of the foregoing conflicts of interest will be discussed and resolved on a case-by-case basis pursuant to policies and procedures designed to mitigate any such conflicts. Any such discussions will factor in the interests of the relevant parties and applicable laws and regulations. The Sub-Adviser may seek to avoid such conflicts, and, as a result, the Sub-Adviser may choose not to make such investments on behalf of the Funds, which may adversely affect the Funds’ performance if similarly attractive opportunities are not available or identified.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities. Even where Accounts have similar investment mandates as a Fund, the Sub-Adviser or its affiliated investment advisers may determine that investment opportunities, strategies or particular purchases or sales are appropriate for one or more Accounts, but not for a Fund, or are appropriate for a Fund but in different amounts, terms or timing than is appropriate for an Account. As a result, the amount, terms or timing of an investment by a Fund may differ from, and performance may be lower than, investments and performance of an Account.
Aggregation and Allocation of Orders. The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers may aggregate orders of the Funds and Accounts, in each case consistent with the applicable adviser’s policy to seek best execution for all orders. Although aggregating orders is a common means of reducing transaction costs for participating Accounts and Funds, the Sub-Adviser or its affiliated investment advisers may be perceived as causing one Fund or Account to participate in an aggregated transaction in order to increase the Sub-Adviser’s or its affiliated investment advisers’ overall allocation of securities in that transaction or future transactions. Allocations of aggregated trades may also be perceived as creating an incentive for the Sub-Adviser to disproportionately allocate securities expected to increase in value to certain Accounts at the expense of a Fund. In addition, a Fund may bear the risk of potentially higher transaction costs if aggregated trades are only partially filled or if orders are not aggregated at all.
The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers have adopted procedures designed to mitigate the foregoing conflicts of interest by treating each Fund and Account they advise fairly and equitably over time in the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of orders. The procedures also are designed to mitigate conflicts in potentially inconsistent trading and provide guidelines for trading priority. Moreover, the Sub-Adviser’s or its affiliated investment advisers’ trading activities are subject to supervisory review and compliance monitoring to help address and mitigate conflicts of interest and ensure that Funds and Accounts are being treated fairly and equitably over time.
For example, in allocating investment opportunities, a portfolio manager considers an Account’s or Fund’s investment objectives, investment restrictions, cash position, need for liquidity, sector concentration and other objective criteria. In addition, orders for the same single security are generally aggregated with other orders for the same single security received at the same time. If aggregated orders are fully executed, each participating Account or Fund is allocated its pro rata share on an average price and trading cost basis. In the event the order is only partially filled, each participating Account or Fund receives a pro rata share. Portfolio managers are also subject to restrictions on potentially inconsistent trading of single securities, although a portfolio manager may sell a single security short if the security is included in an Account’s or Fund’s benchmark and the portfolio manager is underweight in that security relative to the applicable Account’s or Fund’s benchmark. Moreover, the procedures set forth guidelines under which trading for long sales of single securities over short sales of the same or closely related securities are monitored to ensure that the trades are treated fairly and equitably.
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Additionally, the Funds’ portfolio managers’ decisions for executing those trades are also monitored.
The Sub-Adviser’s procedures also address basket trades (trades in a wide variety of securities—on average approximately 100 different issuers) used in quantitative strategies. However, basket trades are generally not aggregated or subject to the same types of restrictions on potentially inconsistent trading as single-security trades because basket trades are tailored to a particular index or model portfolio based on the risk profile of a particular Account or Fund pursuing a particular quantitative strategy. In addition, basket trades are not subject to the same monitoring as single-security trades because an automated and systematic process is used to execute trades; however, the Funds’ portfolio managers’ decisions for executing those trades are monitored.
Research. The Sub-Adviser allocates brokerage commissions to brokers who provide execution and research services for the Funds and some or all of the Sub-Adviser’s other clients. Such research services may not always be utilized in connection with the Funds or other client Accounts that may have provided the commission or a portion of the commission paid to the broker providing the services. The Sub-Adviser is authorized to pay, on behalf of the Funds, higher brokerage fees than another broker might have charged in recognition of the value of brokerage or research services provided by the broker. The Sub-Adviser has adopted procedures with respect to these so-called “soft dollar” arrangements, including the use of brokerage commissions to pay for brokers’ in-house and non-proprietary research, the process for allocating brokerage, and the Sub-Adviser’s practices regarding the use of third-party soft dollars.
IPO Allocation. The Sub-Adviser has adopted procedures designed to ensure that it allocates initial public offerings to the Funds and the Sub-Adviser’s other clients in a fair and equitable manner, consistent with its fiduciary obligations to its clients.
Compensation. The compensation paid to the Sub-Adviser for managing the Funds, as well as certain other clients, is based on a percentage of assets under management, whereas the compensation paid to the Sub-Adviser for managing certain other clients is based on cost. However, no client currently pays the Sub-Adviser a performance-based fee. Nevertheless, the Sub-Adviser may be perceived as having an incentive to allocate securities that are expected to increase in value to accounts in which the Sub-Adviser has a proprietary interest or to certain other accounts in which the Sub-Adviser receives a larger asset-based fee.
TIAA. TIAA or its affiliates, including Nuveen, sponsor an array of financial products for retirement and other investment goals, and provide services worldwide to a diverse customer base. Accordingly, from time to time, a Fund may be restricted from purchasing or selling securities, or from engaging in other investment activities because of regulatory, legal or contractual restrictions that arise due to an Account’s investments and/or the internal policies of TIAA or its affiliates designed to comply with such restrictions. As a result, there may be periods, for example, when the Sub-Adviser will not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions in certain securities or instruments with respect to which investment limits have been reached.
The investment activities of TIAA or its affiliates may also limit the investment strategies and rights of the Funds. For example, in certain circumstances where the Funds invest in securities issued by companies that operate in certain regulated industries, in certain emerging or international markets, or are subject to corporate or regulatory ownership definitions, or invest in certain futures and derivative transactions, there may be limits on the aggregate amount invested by TIAA or its affiliates for the Funds and Accounts that may not be exceeded without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate consent. If certain aggregate ownership thresholds are reached or certain transactions undertaken, the ability of the Sub-Adviser, on behalf of the Funds or Accounts, to purchase or dispose of investments or exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by regulation or otherwise impaired. As a result, the Sub-Adviser, on behalf of the Funds or Accounts, may limit purchases, sell existing investments, or otherwise restrict or limit the exercise of rights (including voting rights) when the Sub-Adviser, in its sole discretion, deems it appropriate in light of potential regulatory or other restrictions on ownership or other consequences resulting from reaching investment thresholds.
Structure of Compensation for the Portfolio Managers
Portfolio managers are compensated through a combination of base salary, annual performance awards, long-term compensation awards and, for certain portfolio managers, equity-like performance
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based plans. Currently, the annual performance awards and long-term compensation awards are determined using both quantitative (75%) and qualitative factors (25%) including, but not limited to, Investment Ratio, ranking versus Morningstar peers, risk-adjusted variation in return vs. benchmark, and management/peer reviews.
The variable component of a portfolio manager’s compensation is remunerated as: (1) a current year cash bonus; (2) a long-term performance award, which is on a 3-year cliff vesting cycle and (3) an equity-like profits interest plan. Fifty percent (50%) of the long-term award is based on the Fund(s) managed by the portfolio manager during the 3-year vesting period, while the value of the remainder of the long-term award is based on the performance of the TIAA organization as a whole. The equity-like profits interest vests over time and entitles participants to a percentage of Advisors’ annual profits and the profits of its affiliate Nuveen Asset Management. The equity-like profits interest is allocated to individual portfolio managers based on such person’s overall contribution to Advisors and Nuveen Asset Management.
Risk-adjusted investment performance is calculated, where records are available, over one, three and five years, each ending December 31. For each year, the gross excess return (on a before-tax basis) of a portfolio manager’s mandate(s) is calculated versus each mandate’s assigned benchmark. Please see the Funds’ Prospectuses for more information regarding their benchmark indices. An Information Ratio is then calculated utilizing the gross excess return in the numerator and the greater of the 52-week realized Active Risk (tracking error) or a minimum targeted risk level (typically 300 basis points) in the denominator to generate risk-adjusted investment performance.
Performance relative to peers is evaluated using Morningstar percentile rankings for the 1-, 3- and 5-year ratings, when applicable. For managers with less than a 5-year track record, a 0.25 Investment Ratio and a peer ranking at the middle of the Morningstar grouping is used.
Utilizing the quantitative and qualitative factors discussed above, total compensation is calculated and then compared to the compensation data obtained from surveys that include comparable investment firms. It should be noted that the total compensation can be increased or decreased based on the performance of the equity group as a unit and the relative success of the TIAA organization in achieving its financial and operational objectives.
There are generally no differences between the methods used to determine compensation with respect to the Funds and the Other Accounts shown in the table below.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
In addition to the Funds, as of October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers were also primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of the following accounts:
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Portfolio Manager |
Type of Account Managed |
Number |
Assets |
Number of |
Assets of |
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,364.14 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,113.30 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,584.31 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,113.30 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,208.15 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,205.67 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen Large-Cap Value ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,364.14 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,205.67 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
|
|||||
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,571.88 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,259.93 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,208.15 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,259.93 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,584.31 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,396.53 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
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Beneficial Ownership of Securities by the Portfolio Managers
As of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Funds.
Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer Agent
Brown Brothers Harriman (“BBH”), located at 50 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the administrator, custodian and transfer agent for the Funds. As custodian, BBH performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services.
Distributor
Nuveen Securities, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, serves as the principal underwriter of the Nuveen ETFs, including the Funds, pursuant to a Distribution Agreement dated August 2, 2016 (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor is an affiliate of the Adviser and a subsidiary of Nuveen. The Distributor also serves as the principal underwriter for the Nuveen Mutual Funds, and has served as co-managing underwriter for the shares of the Nuveen Closed-End Funds.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Funds have appointed the Distributor to be the agent for the distribution of the Funds’ shares on a continuous offering basis. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the Prospectus and below under “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the Prospectus to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Trust or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.
The Adviser and/or its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, banks or other intermediaries (collectively, “intermediaries”) related to marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems, data provision services, or their making shares of the Funds and certain other Nuveen ETFs available to their customers generally and in certain investment programs. Such payments, which may be significant to the intermediary, are not made by the Funds. Rather, such payments are made by the Adviser and/or its affiliates from their own resources, which come directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Nuveen ETF complex. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as “revenue-sharing payments.” A financial intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it recommends or makes available, or the level of services provided, to its customers based on the payments it is eligible to receive. Therefore, such payments to an intermediary create conflicts of interest between the intermediary and its customers and may cause the intermediary to recommend the Funds or other Nuveen ETFs over another investment.
Distribution and Service Plan
Each Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12b-1 provides in substance that an open-end management investment company may not engage directly or indirectly in financing any activity which is primarily intended to result in the sale of shares, except pursuant to a plan adopted under the Rule. The Plan authorizes each Fund to pay up to 0.25% in distribution fees to the Distributor. No payments pursuant to the Plan will be made during the next twelve (12) months of operation.
The Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to any class of shares, without the payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such class. The Plan may be renewed from year to year if approved by a vote of the Board and a vote of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan. The Plan may be continued only if the trustees who vote to approve such continuance conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under applicable law, that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit a Fund and its shareholders. The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the cost which a class of shares may bear under the Plan without the approval of shareholders, and any other material amendments of the Plan must be approved by the independent trustees by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the
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purpose of considering such amendments. During the continuance of the Plan, the selection and nomination of the independent trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of the independent trustees then in office. With the exception of the Distributor and its affiliates, no “interested person” of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, and no trustee of a Fund has a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any related agreement.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), 200 East Randolph Street, Suite 5500, Chicago, Illinois 60601, independent registered public accounting firm, has been selected as auditors for the Funds.
Securities Lending Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the securities lending agent to the Funds. Pursuant to a Securities Lending Agreement and in accordance with procedures established by the Board, State Street effects loans of Fund securities to any firm on a list of approved borrowers, negotiates loan terms, monitors the value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests additional collateral as necessary, manages reinvestment of collateral in a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle, arranges for the return of loaned securities to a Fund, and maintains records and prepares reports regarding loans that are made and the income derived therefrom.
The following table provides the dollar amounts of income and fees and/or compensation related to the Funds' securities lending activities during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Nuveen |
Nuveen |
Nuveen |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
Nuveen |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross income from securities |
$ |
— |
$ |
702 |
$ |
52,233 |
$ |
68,117 |
$ |
132,886 |
$ |
145,852 |
$ |
1,360,966 |
|||||||||||||||||
Fees and/or compensation paid by each Fund for securities lending activities and related services: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fees paid to Securities Lending Agent from a revenue split |
— |
(50) |
(2,609) |
(933) |
(7,136) |
(9,698) |
(80,333) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
— |
(2) |
(217) |
(485) |
(508) |
(277) |
(3,940) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Administrative fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Indemnification fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Rebate (paid to borrower) |
— |
(88) |
(19,816) |
(55,978) |
(42,881) |
(24,405) |
(343,997) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities |
— |
(140) |
(22,642) |
(57,396) |
(50,525 |
) |
(34,380) |
(428,270) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income from securities lending activities |
$ |
— |
$ |
562 |
$ |
29,591 |
$ |
10,721 |
$ |
82,361 |
$ |
111,472 |
$ |
932,696 |
CODES OF ETHICS
The Funds, the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and the Board’s independent trustees have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and, with respect to the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser, Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Acts of 1940, as amended, addressing personal securities transactions and other conduct by investment personnel and other persons who may have access to information about the Funds’ securities transactions. The codes are intended to address potential conflicts of interest that can arise in connection with personal trading activities of such persons. Persons subject to the codes are generally permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including investing in securities eligible for investment by the Funds, subject to certain prohibitions, which may include prohibitions on investing in certain types of securities, pre-clearance requirements, blackout periods, annual and quarterly reporting of personal securities holdings and limitations on personal trading of initial public offerings. Violations of the codes are subject to review by the Board and could result in severe penalties.
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PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Funds have delegated authority to the Adviser to vote proxies for securities held by the Funds, and the Adviser has in turn delegated that responsibility to the Sub-Adviser. The Adviser’s proxy voting policy establishes minimum standards for the exercise of proxy voting authority by the Sub-Adviser.
The Sub-Adviser votes proxies of the Funds’ portfolio companies in accordance with the guidelines articulated in the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policies, attached as Appendix A of this SAI.
The Sub-Adviser has a dedicated team of professionals responsible for reviewing and voting proxies. In analyzing a proposal, in addition to exercising their professional judgment, these professionals utilize various sources of information to enhance their ability to evaluate the proposal. These sources may include research from third party proxy advisory firms and other consultants, various corporate governance-focused organizations, related publications and TIAA investment professionals. Based on their analysis of proposals and guided by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policies, these professionals then vote in a manner intended solely to advance the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders.
The Sub-Adviser has implemented policies, procedures and processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions. These include (i) a clear separation of proxy voting functions from external client relationship and sales functions; and (ii) the active monitoring by the Sub-Adviser’s legal and compliance professionals of required annual disclosures of potential conflicts of interest by individuals who have direct roles in executing or influencing the Funds’ proxy voting (e.g., the Sub-Adviser’s proxy voting professionals, or a senior executive of the Sub-Adviser or the Sub-Adviser’s affiliates).
There could be rare instances in which an individual who has a direct role in executing or influencing the Funds’ proxy voting (e.g., the Sub-Adviser’s proxy voting professionals or a senior executive of the Sub-Adviser or the Sub-Adviser’s affiliates) is either a director or executive of a portfolio company or may have some other association with a portfolio company. In such cases, this individual is required to recuse himself or herself from all decisions related to proxy voting for that portfolio company.
Voted Proxies. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent period ended June 30 will be available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787 or by accessing the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS
The Sub-Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Funds as well as for selecting brokers and, where applicable, negotiating the amount of the commission rate paid. It is the intention of the Sub-Adviser to place brokerage orders with the objective of obtaining the best execution. In evaluating best execution for transactions, the Sub-Adviser considers a number of factors, including, without limitation, the following: best price; the nature of the security being traded; the nature and character of the markets for the security to be purchased or sold; the likely market impact of the transaction based on the nature of the transaction; the skill of the executing broker; the liquidity being provided by the broker; the broker-dealer’s settlement and clearance capability; the reputation and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the costs of processing information; the nature of price discovery in different markets; and the laws and regulations governing investment advisers. When purchasing or selling securities traded on the over-the-counter market, the Sub-Adviser generally will execute the transactions with a broker engaged in making a market for such securities. When the Sub-Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of one or more Funds, its personnel may, consistent with its fiduciary obligations, decide either to buy or to sell a particular security for the Fund(s) at the same time as for other funds that it may be managing, or that may be managed by its affiliated investment advisers. In that event, allocation of the securities purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made in an equitable manner.
Transactions on equity exchanges, commodities markets and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Transactions in foreign investments also have negotiated commission rates and they are for the most part the same for all brokers in a particular country with a few exceptions. Trades are regularly monitored for best execution purposes by the equity trading desk.
The Sub-Adviser’s fixed-income traders select the broker-dealers (sell-side) with whom they do business independent of any research, strategy pieces or trade recommendations provided to the Sub-
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Adviser. The vast majority of institutional fixed-income trading is conducted over-the-counter rather than on exchanges, with set prices plus commissions. Fixed-income trading is based on the risk-taking practice of market making by sell-side firms, which attempt to capture the bid/ask spread on trades where capital is committed (principal model) or on a pre-negotiated spread concession for riskless principal trades (agency model).
The fixed-income marketplace does not use a voting system to rate broker-dealers with the intent of using those rankings to direct or allocate trades. The directive to the Sub-Adviser’s fixed-income traders, and the conventional trading construct within the fixed-income market, is based on the practice of fiduciary efforts to achieve best execution. The research, credit opinions and relative value trade recommendations provided by the Sub-Adviser’s sell-side counterparts are evaluated, but there is no direct linkage between that evaluation and the Sub-Adviser’s selection of a particular broker-dealer for trade execution. When selecting a broker, the traders follow established trading protocols for data aggregation, price discovery, inventory mining and information protection and conduct an assessment of counterparty performance. The protocol incorporates the Sub-Adviser’s knowledge of and experience with select broker-dealers with respect to providing liquidity, namely the highest bid price or lowest offer price for a particular security.
Every broker is formally approved by the Equity or Fixed-Income Best Execution Committee, as appropriate, which is comprised of representatives from trading, portfolio management, compliance and law. Risk management also reviews the creditworthiness of all brokers.
Consistent with best execution, the Sub-Adviser may place orders with brokers providing research and statistical data services even if lower commissions may be available from brokers not providing such services. With respect to equity securities, the Sub-Adviser has adopted a policy embodying the concepts of Section 28(e) under the 1934 Act, which provides a safe harbor allowing an investment adviser to cause a client to pay a higher commission to a broker that also provides research services than the commission another broker would charge (generally referred to as the use of “soft dollars”). To utilize soft dollars, the Sub-Adviser must determine in good faith that the commission paid is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided and that, over time, each client paying soft dollars receives some benefit from the research obtained through the use of soft dollars. The Sub-Adviser may make such a determination based upon either the particular transaction involved or the overall responsibilities of the Sub-Adviser with respect to the accounts over which it exercises investment discretion. Therefore, specific research may not necessarily benefit all accounts paying commissions to such broker. Research obtained through soft dollars may be developed by the broker or a third party, where the obligation to pay is between the broker and the third party. In such cases the research will be paid for through a Commission Sharing Arrangement (“CSA”) or similar arrangement.
Fixed-income trades on behalf of the Funds may not be allocated in order to generate soft dollar credits, but at times, a broker may send the Sub-Adviser unsolicited proprietary research that may be based, in part, on fixed-income trading volume executed with that broker. Similarly, trades on behalf of the Funds that follow an index or quantitative strategy, or execution-only trades, may not generate soft dollars, but, at times, a broker may send the Sub-Adviser unsolicited proprietary research that is based, in part, on such trades.
Research or services obtained for one Fund may be used by the Sub-Adviser in managing other Funds and the accounts of other investment company clients and advisory clients of the Sub-Adviser. Research or services obtained for the Trust also may be used by the Sub-Adviser’s affiliated investment advisers, including TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), for the benefit of their respective clients, and vice versa.
The following table sets forth the aggregate brokerage commissions paid by the Funds during the specified periods.
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Aggregate Brokerage Commissions Paid by the Fund | |||
Fund |
11/01/20-10/31/21 |
11/01/21-10/31/22 |
11/01/22-10/31/23 |
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF1 |
$ 1 |
$ 17 |
$ 38 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
133 |
84 |
125 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
582 |
1,340 |
37,065 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
14,352 |
82,691 |
84,558 |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
704 |
2,045 |
16,932 |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
5,619 |
4,090 |
27,459 |
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
5,431 |
27,888 |
220,776 |
(1) The Fund commenced operations on September 27, 2021.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Funds did not pay commissions to brokers in return for their research services.
The following Funds have acquired during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 the securities of its regular brokers or dealers as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act or of the parents of the brokers or dealers. The following table sets forth those brokers or dealers and states the value of the Funds’ aggregate holdings of the securities of the issuer as of close of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023:
Fund |
Broker/Dealer |
Issuer |
Aggregate Fund Holdings of Broker/Dealer or Parent (as of October 31, 2023) | |||
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
JP Morgan Securities, Inc. |
JPMorgan Chase & Co |
$ — | |||
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
Bank of America Corporation |
Bank of America Corp |
2,502 | |||
JP Morgan Securities, Inc. |
JPMorgan Chase & Co |
— | ||||
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
Goldman Sachs & Co. |
Goldman Sachs Group Inc |
13,053,712 | |||
JP Morgan Securities, Inc. |
JPMorgan Chase & Co |
49,869,419 |
Brokerage commissions paid by a Fund may vary substantially from year to year as a result of changing asset levels throughout the year, portfolio turnover rates, differences in shareholder purchase and redemption activity, varying market conditions and other factors.
From time to time, the Sub-Adviser may effect purchases and sales of securities between the Funds and other funds or clients advised by the Sub-Adviser or an affiliate (such transactions referred to herein as “cross trades”) if it believes that such transactions are beneficial for each party and consistent with each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. Cross trades may give rise to potential conflicts of interest for the Sub-Adviser. On any occasion when a Fund participates in a cross trade, the Sub-Adviser and the Fund will comply with procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies that govern the dissemination of the Funds’ portfolio holdings. The Funds and their service providers may not receive compensation or any other consideration (which includes any agreement to maintain assets in the Funds or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Adviser) in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information of the Funds. The policies adopted by the Trust are implemented and overseen by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Funds, subject to the oversight of the Board. Compliance officers of the Funds, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser periodically monitor overall compliance with the policies to ascertain whether portfolio holdings information is disclosed in a manner that is consistent with the policies. Periodic reports regarding these policies will be provided to the Board. The Board must approve all material amendments to these policies. Prior to the commencement of trading on each day that a Fund is open for business, (1) the Funds’ portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated on the Funds’ publicly accessible website, www.nuveen.com/etf, and through financial reporting and news services, and (2) the composition of the basket of securities and/or cash that will constitute a Creation Unit is publicly
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disseminated via the National Securities Clearing Corporation, a clearing agency registered with the SEC (“NSCC”).
The Trust, the Adviser and/or Sub-Adviser, and the Distributor will generally not disseminate non-public portfolio holdings information concerning the Funds. However, non-public portfolio holdings information may be provided to certain parties if approved by the Funds’ Chief Administrative Officer or Secretary upon a determination that there is a legitimate business purpose for doing so, the disclosure is consistent with the interests of the Funds, and the recipient is obligated to maintain the confidentiality of the information and not misuse it.
There is no assurance that the Trust’s policies on portfolio holdings disclosure will protect the Funds from the potential misuse of portfolio holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of such information.
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Purchase and Sale of Shares.”
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depositary for the shares. Shares of the Funds are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except in the limited circumstance provided below, certificates will not be issued for shares.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to other banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of the Funds held by each DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant and/or third party service a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of the Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
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The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Listing Exchange.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
The following table sets forth the percentage ownership of each person, who, as of February 1, 2024, owned of record, or is known by the Adviser to have owned beneficially, 5% or more of the Funds’ shares.
Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
ESG Dividend |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
ESG Large-Cap |
|
|
|
| |
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Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
Pershing L.L.C. |
10.03% | |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
ESG Large-Cap Growth |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
ESG Large-Cap Value |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
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Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
ESG Mid-Cap Growth |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
ESG Mid-Cap Value |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
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Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
|
| |
ESG Small-Cap |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
An Authorized Participant may hold of record more than 25% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. From time to time, Authorized Participants may be a beneficial and/or legal owner of a Fund, may be affiliated with an index provider, may be deemed to have control of a Fund and/or may be able to affect the outcome of matters presented for a vote of the shareholders of a Fund. Authorized Participants may execute an irrevocable proxy granting the Distributor or an affiliate of the Distributor (the “Agent”) power to vote or abstain from voting such Authorized Participant’s beneficially or legally owned shares of a Fund. When granted the power to vote, the Agent shall mirror vote such shares in the same proportion as all other beneficial owners of a Fund.
It is also possible that, from time to time, Nuveen or its affiliates may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of a Fund. Nuveen and its affiliates reserve the right, subject to compliance with applicable law, to sell at any time some or all of the shares of a Fund acquired for their own accounts. A large sale of shares of a Fund by Nuveen or its affiliates could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s market price.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
The Funds issue and redeem shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Creation Units are typically purchased and redeemed in-kind, but they may also be purchased and redeemed, in whole or in part, for cash in the Adviser’s discretion. Each Fund’s NAV is determined once each day the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”), as described under “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
Only Authorized Participants may purchase and redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds at NAV. To become an Authorized Participant, a firm must execute an Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Participant Agreement”) that has been agreed to by the Distributor and BBH, in a form approved by the Trust. Among other things, the Participant Agreement requires that an Authorized Participant be (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or (ii) a DTC Participant.
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The Funds issue and redeem Creation Units through the Distributor at their NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form on any Business Day. All orders to purchase or redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds, including non-standard orders (as defined below), must be placed in the manner and by the time specified by a Fund on each Business Day (generally, 4 p.m., Eastern time) (the “Cut-Off Time”). The date on which an order to purchase or redeem Creation Units is received in proper form and is accepted by the Distributor is referred to as the “Order Placement Date.” An order is generally considered to be in “proper form” if all procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, the AP Handbook and this SAI are properly followed.
An Authorized Participant submitting a creation or redemption order is deemed to make certain representations to the Trust as set forth in the Participant Agreement. The Distributor reserves the right to verify these representations in its discretion. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Distributor in its sole discretion, the order will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Distributor.
Purchase (Creation)
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of a Fund generally consists of (a) either (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) per each Creation Unit or (ii) the cash value of the Deposit Securities (“Deposit Cash”) and (b) the Cash Component, defined and computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” the value of which equals the NAV of a Creation Unit of a Fund on any given Order Placement Date. In addition to the Fund Deposit, Authorized Participants will be charged a standard fixed transaction fee and, for purchases effected in whole or in part with Deposit Cash, a variable transaction fee intended to cover the costs a Fund incurs in acquiring portfolio securities with such Deposit Cash. See “Transaction Fees” below for additional information.
The “Cash Component” is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component may include a “Dividend Equivalent Payments,” which enables a Fund to make a complete distribution of dividends on the day preceding the next dividend payment date, and is an amount equal, on a per Creation Unit basis, to the dividends on all the portfolio securities of a Fund (“Dividend Securities”) with ex-dividend dates within the accumulation period for such distribution (the “Accumulation Period”), net of expenses and liabilities for such period, as if all of the Dividend Securities had been held by a Fund for the entire Accumulation Period. The Accumulation Period begins on the ex-dividend date for the Funds and ends on the day preceding the next ex-dividend date. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such positive amount. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such negative amount and the Authorized Participant will be entitled to receive cash in an amount equal to the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, if applicable, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
BBH, through NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the NYSE (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) (the “NYSE Open”), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, to be included in the Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund on such day. Such Fund Deposit is subject to any applicable adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of a Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, is made available.
The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities or the amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund may be changed from time to time by the Adviser with a view to achieving the investment objective of a Fund. Information regarding the Fund Deposit necessary for the purchase of a Creation Unit is made available to Authorized Participants and other market participants seeking to transact in Creation Unit aggregations. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to rebalancing adjustments, interest payments, corporate action
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events and adjustments to the weighting or composition of the component securities of a Fund’s underlying Index.
The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of Deposit Cash to replace any or all Deposit Securities, including, without limitation, in situations where a Deposit Security: (i) may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery; (ii) may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC for corporate securities and municipal securities or the Federal Reserve System for U.S. Treasury securities; (iii) may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting; (iv) would be restricted under the securities laws; or (v) in certain other situations (collectively, “non-standard orders”). The Trust also reserves the right to: (i) permit or require the substitution of Deposit Securities in lieu of Deposit Cash and (ii) include or remove Deposit Securities from the Fund Deposit in anticipation of Index rebalancing changes.
Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. Fund Deposits must be delivered by an Authorized Participant through the Federal Reserve System (for cash and U.S. government securities), through DTC (for corporate securities and municipal securities), through a subcustody agent (for foreign securities) and/or through such other arrangements allowed by the Trust or its agents. Foreign Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained on behalf of a Fund at its applicable local subcustodian. Transfer of the Fund Deposit and all applicable transaction fees must be ordered by the Authorized Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure delivery to the account of a Fund or its agents by no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the date on which the Creation Units are to be delivered (the “Settlement Date”), which for purchases is generally the second Business Day after the Order Placement Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash to be delivered, as applicable, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any securities or cash, as applicable, will be determined by the Distributor, whose determination shall be final and binding. If the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, are not received in a timely manner by the Settlement Date, the purchase order may be cancelled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to a Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. Any such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit required for such Business Day.
Investors placing orders through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order by the Cut-Off Time on such Business Day. An Authorized Participant may require an investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not be an Authorized Participant, in which case orders to purchase shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units would have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, the Authorized Participant may impose additional charges on such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of Authorized Participants, and only a small number of such Authorized Participants may have international capabilities.
Except as provided below, Creation Units will not be issued until the transfer of good title to a Fund of the Deposit Securities or payment of Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the payment of the Cash Component and all applicable transaction fees have been completed. In instances where a Fund accepts Deposit Securities for the purchase of a Creation Unit, the Creation Unit may be delivered in advance of receipt by a Fund of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, (ii) all applicable transaction fees and (iii) an additional amount of cash equal to a percentage of the market value, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Cash Collateral”), which shall be maintained by BBH in a general non-interest bearing collateral account. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with a Fund, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities, to the extent necessary to maintain the Cash Collateral with a Fund in an amount at least equal to the applicable percentage, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. A Fund may use such Cash Collateral to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time. Authorized Participants will be liable to a Fund for all costs, expenses, dividends, income and taxes associated with missing Deposit Securities, including the costs incurred by a Fund in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the Order Placement Date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. A Fund will return any unused portion of the Cash Collateral once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by BBH. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
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The Distributor reserves the right to reject a purchase order in its discretion, including, without limitation, if (a) the order is not in proper form; (b) the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, delivered by the Authorized Participant do not match those disseminated through the facilities of NSCC for that date; (c) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of a Fund; (d) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel to the Funds, be unlawful; or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Funds, the Distributor, BBH and/or the Adviser make it for all practical purposes not feasible to process orders for Creation Units (examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Funds, the Distributor, BBH, DTC, NSCC, Federal Reserve System, or any other participant in the creation process; and other extraordinary events). The Funds or its agents shall communicate to the Authorized Participant the rejection of an order. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any order or in the delivery of Fund Deposits, nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.
Redemption
Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form on a Business Day. EXCEPT UPON LIQUIDATION OF A FUND, THE FUND WILL NOT REDEEM SHARES IN AMOUNTS LESS THAN CREATION UNITS. Investors must accumulate enough Fund shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by a Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Fund shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
Redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will be paid either in-kind or in cash, or a combination thereof, as disclosed by BBH prior to the NYSE Open. With respect to in-kind redemptions, BBH, through NSCC, makes available prior to the NYSE Open on each Business Day the list of the names and share quantities of each Fund’s portfolio securities (subject to possible amendment or correction) that will be distributed upon the receipt of redemption requests in proper form prior to the Cut-Off Time on that day (“Fund Securities”).
In connection with any in-kind redemptions, Authorized Participants will also pay or receive cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Creation Units being redeemed and the value of the Fund Securities received (the “Cash Redemption Component”). In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential is required to be paid to the Funds by the Authorized Participant. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value less than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential will be paid by the Funds to the Authorized Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at a Fund’s discretion, an Authorized Participant may receive the corresponding cash value of all or a portion of the Fund Securities.
Procedures for Redemption of Creation Units. After an order for redemption in proper form has been received, the Funds will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to the Authorized Participant by the Settlement Date. With respect to in-kind redemptions of the Funds, the calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered upon redemption will be made by BBH according to the procedures set forth under “Determination of Net Asset Value,” computed on the Order Placement Date. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted by an Authorized Participant by the Cut-Off Time on the Order Placement Date, and the requisite number of shares of the Funds are delivered to BBH prior to 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered will be determined on such Order Placement Date. If the requisite number of shares of the Funds are not delivered by 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, the Funds will not release the Fund Securities for delivery unless collateral is posted in such percentage amount of missing shares as set forth in the Participant Agreement (marked to market daily).
In order to take delivery of Fund Securities upon redemption of Creation Units, an Authorized Participant must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other
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custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded (or such other arrangements as allowed by the Funds or its agents), to which account such Fund Securities will be delivered. Deliveries of redemption proceeds generally will be made within two Business Days of the Order Placement Date.
If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, a Fund may, in its sole discretion, exercise its option to redeem shares in cash, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request a redemption in cash that the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the Authorized Participant will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares on the Order Placement Date, minus a fixed transaction fee and an additional variable transaction fee, each as described in further detail below under “Transaction Fees,” to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of portfolio securities necessary to fund the redemption in cash.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and the Funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserve the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that it could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant (or a client for which it is acting) subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request a redeeming client to complete certain documentation with respect to such matters. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer” (“QIB”), as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive Fund Securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A. An Authorized Participant may be required by a Fund to provide a written confirmation with respect to QIB status in order to receive Fund Securities. Redemptions effected in cash will be subject to applicable transaction fees.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the Settlement Date postponed with respect to a Fund (1) for any period during which the Listing Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Listing Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which redemption of shares of a Fund or determination of the NAV of the shares is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Required Early Submission of Orders
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Fund may require orders to be placed earlier than the normal Cut-Off Time, and in certain circumstances up to 23 hours prior to the normal Cut-Off Time. Authorized Participants will be notified in the event that the Cut-Off Time for an order will be earlier than normal on any particular Business Day. Orders to purchase shares that are submitted on the Business Day immediately preceding a holiday or a day (other than a weekend) that the markets in the relevant foreign market are closed may not be accepted.
Transaction Fees
Transaction fees, as set forth in the table below, are imposed to cover transaction costs associated with the purchase or redemption of Creation Units, as applicable. Authorized Participants will be required to pay a fixed creation transaction fee and/or a fixed redemption transaction fee, as applicable, on a given day that does not vary with the number of Creation Units created or redeemed on that day. Additional variable transaction fees will be applied to certain creation and redemption transactions, including non-standard orders and whole or partial cash purchases or redemptions. The following table shows, as of the date of this SAI, the approximate value of one Creation Unit and the standard fixed and maximum additional variable transaction fees for creations and redemptions (as described above):
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* As a percentage of the NAV per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemptions, of the standard redemption transaction fee.
The Funds may adjust the transaction fees from time to time upon notice to Authorized Participants. The Adviser may also from time to time cover the cost of any transaction fees if it determines it is in a Fund’s best interest.
In addition, with respect to creation orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the Fund and with respect to redemption orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Funds to their account or as otherwise specified on their order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may also be charged a fee by such intermediary for such services.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Each Fund’s NAV is determined as set forth in its Prospectus under “General Information—Net Asset Value.” Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Prospectus, each Fund’s determination of net asset value will comply with Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act.
CAPITAL STOCK
Each Fund issues shares of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share. The Board has the right to establish additional series in the future, to determine the preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges thereof and to modify such preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges without shareholder approval.
The Trust is not required to and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration”) requires a shareholder vote only on those matters where the 1940 Act requires a vote of shareholders and otherwise permits the Trustees to take actions without seeking the consent of shareholders. For example, the Declaration gives the Trustees the authority to approve reorganizations between a Fund and another entity, such as another ETF, or the sale of all or substantially all of a Fund’s assets, or the termination of the Trust or a Fund without shareholder approval if the 1940 Act would not require such approval. Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required, consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shares of all series of the Trust vote together as a single class except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, or if the matter being voted on affects only a particular series; and, if a matter affects a particular series differently from other series, the shares of that series will vote separately on such matter.
The Trustees establish the number of Trustees and may fill vacancies on the Board, except when election of Trustees by the shareholders is required under the 1940 Act. Trustees are then elected by a plurality of votes cast by shareholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present. The Declaration also provides that Trustees may be removed, with cause, by a vote of shareholders holding at least two-thirds of the voting power of the Trust, or by a vote of two-thirds of the remaining Trustees. “Cause” requires willful misconduct, dishonesty, fraud or a felony conviction. The provisions of the Declaration relating to the election and removal of Trustees may not be amended without the approval of two-thirds of the Trustees.
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Under the Declaration, by becoming a shareholder of a Fund, each shareholder is expressly held to have agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration and the Trust’s By-laws. The Declaration may, except in limited circumstances, be amended by the Trustees in any respect without a shareholder vote. Shareholders may be required to disclose information on direct or indirect ownership of a Fund’s shares in order to comply with various laws applicable to a Fund or as the Trustees may determine, and ownership of a Fund’s shares may be disclosed by a Fund if so required by law or regulation. In addition, pursuant to the Declaration, the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the Trust to redeem shares held by any shareholder for any reason under terms set by the Trustees.
In order to permit legitimate inquiries and claims while avoiding the time, expense, distraction and other harm that can be caused to the Funds or their shareholders as a result of spurious shareholder claims, demands and derivative actions, the Declaration provides a detailed process for the bringing of derivative actions by shareholders, and provides that actions that are derivative in nature may not be brought directly. Consistent with applicable Massachusetts law, prior to bringing a derivative action, a demand must first be made on the Trustees. The Declaration details various information, certifications, undertakings and acknowledgements that must be included in the demand. If a majority of the Trustees who are considered independent for the purposes of considering the demand determine that maintaining the suit would not be in the best interests of the Funds, the Trustees are required to reject the demand and the complaining shareholder may not proceed with the derivative action unless the shareholder is able to sustain the burden of proof to a court that the decision of the Trustees not to pursue the requested action was not a good faith exercise of their business judgment on behalf of the Funds. In making such a determination, a Trustee is not considered to have a personal financial interest by virtue of being compensated for his or her services as a Trustee. If a demand is rejected, the complaining shareholder may be responsible for a Fund’s costs and expenses if a court determines that a derivative action was made without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose, if a derivative or direct action is dismissed on the basis of a failure to comply with the procedural provisions relating to shareholder actions as set forth in the Declaration or if a direct action is dismissed by a court for failure to state a claim. Any shareholder bringing an action against a Fund waives the right to trial by jury to the fullest extent permitted by law and any action commenced by a shareholder may be brought only in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts (Boston Division) or if any such action may not be brought in that court, then in the Business Litigation Session of Suffolk Superior Court in Massachusetts (the “Chosen Courts”), under the terms of the Declaration. Except as prohibited by law, if a shareholder commences an applicable action in a court other than a Chosen Court, the shareholder may be obligated to reimburse a Fund and any applicable Trustee or officer of a Fund made party to such proceeding for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any successful motion to dismiss, stay or transfer of the action.
The Declaration specifically provides, however, that no provision of the Declaration is effective to require a waiver of compliance with any provision of, or restrict any shareholder rights expressly granted by, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or the 1940 Act, or any rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. The provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees determine, with the advice of counsel, that any such provision, in whole or in part, conflict with applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provisions, or part or parts thereof, will be deemed to be not part of the Declaration (provided, that any such determination will not render any of the remaining provisions invalid or improper).
Under Massachusetts law applicable to Massachusetts business trusts, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of this disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Declaration further provides for indemnification out of the assets and property of the Trust for all losses and expenses of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the Trust or a Fund itself was unable to meet its obligations. The Trust believes the likelihood of the occurrence of these circumstances is remote.
The Declaration further provides that a Trustee acting in his or her capacity as Trustee is not personally liable to any person other than the Trust or its series, in connection with the affairs of the Trust or for any act, omission, or obligation of the Trust. A Trustee is liable only for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties involved in the conduct of
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his or her office. The Declaration requires the Trust to indemnify any persons who are or who have been Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust for any liability for actions or failure to act except to the extent prohibited by applicable federal law. In making any determination as to whether any person is entitled to the advancement of expenses in connection with a claim for which indemnification is sought, such person is entitled to a rebuttable presumption that he or she did not engage in conduct for which indemnification is not available. The Declaration provides that any Trustee who serves as chair of the Board or of a committee of the Board, lead independent Trustee, or audit committee financial expert, or in any other similar capacity will not be subject to any greater standard of care or liability because of such position.
Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, Nuveen Securities, LLC, at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
TAX MATTERS
Federal Income Tax Matters
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Funds is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, all as in effect as of the date of the filing of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in the Funds is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the Funds make distributions or you sell Fund shares. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company (RIC)
Each Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify each year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things:
(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);
(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of a Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with investments in such other securities limited with respect to any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of a Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of a Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which a Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers that are controlled by a Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (2) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and
(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or greater than the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income.
In general, for purposes of the 90% qualifying income test described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by a Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (ii) that derives less than
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90% of its income from the qualifying income described in clause (a)(i) of the description of the 90% qualifying income test applicable to RICs, above) will be treated as qualifying income.
Taxation of the Funds
If a Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, the Fund will generally not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.
If, for any taxable year, a Fund was to fail to qualify as a RIC or was to fail to meet the distribution requirement described above, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by a Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, a Fund’s distributions, to the extent derived from the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividend income for federal income tax purposes. However, such dividends would be eligible, subject to any generally applicable limitations, (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. Moreover, a Fund would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent year. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within five years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year.
Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and net capital gain (the excess of a Fund’s net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss). Investment income that is retained by a Fund will generally be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. If a Fund retains any net capital gain, that gain will be subject to tax at corporate rates, but the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be deemed to have paid their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder.
If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. Each Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Each Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of such Fund to satisfy the requirement for qualification as a RIC.
Each Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and certain other late-year losses.
If a Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term
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capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year.
“Net capital losses” are not permitted to be deducted against a RIC’s net investment income. Instead, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, potentially subject to certain limitations, a RIC may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to offset capital gains in future years. A Fund is permitted to carry net capital losses forward indefinitely. To the extent subsequent capital gains are offset by such losses, they will not result in U.S. federal income tax liability to a Fund and may not be distributed as capital gains to shareholders. Generally, a Fund may not carry forward any losses other than net capital losses. The carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if a Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Code.
Distributions
Distributions are generally taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Moreover, distributions on a Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Investors may therefore wish to avoid purchasing shares at a time when the Fund’s NAV reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Realized income and gains must generally be distributed even when a Fund’s NAV also reflects unrealized losses.
Dividends and other distributions by a Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, if any dividend or distribution is declared by a Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to its shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month but is actually paid during the following January, such dividend or distribution will be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Distributions by the Funds of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the assets that generated those gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from a Fund’s net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. For individuals, long-term capital gains are subject to tax at a maximum tax rate currently set at 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be subject to tax at ordinary income rates.
For non-corporate shareholders, distributions of investment income reported by a Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed at rates of up to 20%, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. In order for some portion of the dividends received by a Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund making the distribution must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before the ex-dividend date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation that is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. Distributions that a Fund receives from an ETF, REIT or an underlying fund taxable as a RIC will be treated as "qualified dividend income" only to the extent so reported by such ETF, REIT or underlying fund.
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To the extent that a Fund makes a distribution of income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Dividends and distributions from a Fund and capital gain on the sale of Fund shares are generally taken into account in determining a shareholder’s “net investment income” for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts.
If a Fund makes distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution to each shareholder will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and will reduce the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares. After the shareholder’s basis has been reduced to zero, any such distributions will result in a capital gain, assuming the shareholder holds his or her shares as capital assets. A reduction in a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares will reduce any loss or increase any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
A sale or exchange of shares in a Fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares and will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months and short-term capital gain or loss if held for 12 months or less. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares of a Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Backup Withholding
The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which a shareholder holds Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 24%. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”).
Federal Tax Treatment of Certain Fund Investments
Transactions of the Funds in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swap agreements, straddles and foreign currencies may be subject to various special and complex tax rules, including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules. These rules could affect a Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund, and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses. These rules may in turn affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by a Fund. These provisions also may require a Fund to mark to market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the RIC distribution requirement and for avoiding excise taxes. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so. The Funds intend to monitor their transactions, intends to make appropriate tax elections, and intend to make appropriate entries in their books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and preserve their qualification for treatment as RICs.
The Funds are required, for federal income tax purposes, to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses as of the end of such year on certain regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts in addition to the gains and losses actually realized with respect to such contracts during the year. Gain or loss from Section 1256 contracts that are required to be marked to market annually will generally be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and
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character of distributions to shareholders. The Funds may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Funds to mark-to-market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause a Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above.
Additional Tax Information Concerning REITs
The Funds may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity securities may require a Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities may at other times result in a Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if a Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to a Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends paid by a REIT, other than capital gain distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a REIT to a Fund will be treated as long-term capital gains by a Fund and, in turn, may be distributed by a Fund to its shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Dividends received by a Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends received deduction. If a REIT is operated in a manner such that it fails to qualify as a REIT, an investment in the REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable income of the REIT would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
A Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or which are, or have certain wholly-owned subsidiaries that are, “taxable mortgage pools” (“TMPs”). Under certain Treasury guidance, a portion of a Fund’s income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or equity interests in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This guidance provides that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as a Fund, must generally be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or TMP interests directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity, which otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income (see “Taxes—Tax-Exempt Shareholders” below), and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. A Fund does not intend to invest a substantial portion of its assets in REITs which generate excess inclusion income.
REITs in which a Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to a Fund until after the time that a Fund issues a tax reporting statement. As a result, a Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions after it issues a tax reporting statement. If this were to occur, the financial intermediary with whom you hold your shares will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.
Foreign Investments
If the Funds acquire any equity interest in certain foreign investment entities (i) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or (ii) where at least 50% of the corporation’s assets (computed based on average fair market value) either produce or are held for the production of passive income (“passive foreign investment companies or “PFICs”), the Funds will generally be subject to one of the following special tax regimes: (i) a Fund may be liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge, on a portion of any “excess distribution” from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders; (ii) if a Fund were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF”,
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the Fund would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the Fund’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the PFIC, whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the Fund; or (iii) a Fund may be entitled to mark-to-market annually shares of the PFIC, and in such event would be required to distribute to shareholders any such mark-to-market gains in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above. The Funds intend to make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the effect to these rules. The Funds may limit and/or manage their holdings in passive foreign investment companies to limit their tax liability or maximize their return from these investments.
Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries (including, for example dividends or interest on stock or securities of non-U.S. issuers) may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between such countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Under current law, income of a RIC that would be treated as unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt entity that is a shareholder in the RIC. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if: (i) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b), (ii) if the Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, (iii) the Fund invests in a REIT that is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) or in a REIT that has a subsidiary that is a TMP, or (iv) if the Fund holds residual interests in REMICs. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding these issues. The Funds are not expected to hold any REMIC interests.
Non-U.S. Investors
In general, dividends, other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by the Funds to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. The Funds may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a U.S. income tax deduction for losses) realized on a sale of shares of a Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met.
Unless certain non-U.S. entities that hold Fund shares comply with IRS requirements that generally require them to report information regarding U.S. persons investing in, or holding accounts with, such entities, a 30% withholding tax may apply to Fund distributions payable to such entities and may apply to redemptions and certain capital gain dividends payable to such entities after December 31, 2018. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any income or gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes that exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange
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and any cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange, and (ii) the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any cash paid for such Creation Units. Any gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year and were held as capital assets in the hands of the exchanging Authorized Participant. All or a portion of any gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant exchanging a currency other than its functional currency for Creation Units may be treated as ordinary income or loss. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The ability of Authorized Participants to receive a full or partial cash redemption of Creation Units of a Fund may limit the tax efficiency of the Fund. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for a person who does not mark-to-market its holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. All or some portion of any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units in exchange for securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
Persons exchanging securities for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rule applies and when a loss might be deductible.
Section 351
The Trust on behalf of the Funds has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of a Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, a Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If a Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) may not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.
Certain Reporting Regulations
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, generally, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Significant penalties may be imposed for the failure to comply with the reporting regulations. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Cost Basis Reporting
The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.
Capital Loss Carry-Forward
When a Fund has a capital loss carry-forward, it does not make capital gain distributions until the loss has been offset or expired. As of October 31, 2023, the following Funds had capital loss carry-forwards available for federal income tax purposes. The capital losses are not subject to expiration.
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Fund |
Short-Term |
Long-Term |
Total |
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
$- |
$24,076 |
$24,076 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
91,524 |
275,505 |
367,029 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap |
50,827,171 |
21,578,098 |
72,405,269 |
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
94,751,198 |
47,629,326 |
142,380,524 |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
46,927,534 |
22,736,585 |
69,664,119 |
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
25,765,934 |
17,771,400 |
43,537,334 |
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
57,317,169 |
73,653,587 |
130,970,756 |
General Considerations
The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the specific federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of shares of the Funds, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis, except for the Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF, which intends to pay out dividends quarterly. Nonetheless, the Funds might not make a dividend payment every month. Each Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of a Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for each Funds’ most recent fiscal year appear in the Funds’ Annual Report dated October 31, 2023. The Funds’ Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and is available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787.
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Appendix A
Nuveen proxy voting policies
Nuveen proxy voting guidelines
Applicability
These Guidelines apply to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”)
I. Introduction
Our voting practices are guided by our fiduciary obligations to our clients.
These Guidelines set forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on proxy matters involving publicly traded portfolio companies held in client portfolios, and serve to assist clients, portfolio companies and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related issues.
We vote proxies in accordance with what we believe is in the best interest of our clients. In making those decisions, we are principally guided by enhancing long-term shareholder value, and may take into account many factors, including input from our investment teams and third-party research.
As indicated in these Guidelines, we monitor portfolio companies’ environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices in an effort to ensure that boards consider these factors in the context of their strategic deliberations consistent with the aim of preserving and enhancing long-term shareholder value. It is our belief that a one-size-fits-all approach to proxy voting is not appropriate and we may vote differently on the same proposal given the portfolio company’s individual circumstances. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
The Guidelines are implemented by Nuveen’s Stewardship Group and applied in consideration of the facts and circumstances of the particular resolution. The Stewardship Group relies on its professional judgment, informed by proprietary research and reports provided by various third-party research providers. The portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines if such portfolio manager determines it is in the best interest of the respective Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for votes submitted contrary to the Guidelines will be documented and maintained.
II. Accountability and transparency
Board of directors
Elect directors
General Policy: We generally vote in favor of the board’s nominees but will consider withholding or voting against some or all directors in the following circumstances:
When we conclude that the actions of directors are unlawful, unethical, negligent, or do not meet fiduciary standards of care and loyalty, or are otherwise not in the best interest of shareholders. Such actions would include:
Egregious compensation practices
Lack of responsiveness to a failed vote
Unequal treatment of shareholders
Adoption of inappropriate antitakeover devices
When a director has consistently failed to attend board and committee meetings without an appropriate rationale being provided
Independence
When board independence is not in line with local market regulations or best practices
When a member of executive management sits on a key board committee that should be composed of only independent directors
When directors have failed to disclose, resolve or eliminate conflicts of interest that affect their decisions
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Board refreshment
When there is insufficient diversity on the board and the company has not demonstrated its commitment to making the board more diverse
When we determine that director tenure is excessive and there has been no recent board refreshment
Contested elections
General Policy: We will support the candidates we believe will represent the best interests of shareholders.
Majority vote for the election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that companies amend their governance documents to provide for director election by majority vote.
Establish specific board committees
General Policy: We generally vote against shareholder resolutions asking the company to establish specific board committees unless we believe specific circumstances dictate otherwise.
Annual election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that each member of the board of a publicly traded operating company stand for re-election annually.
Cumulative voting
General Policy: We generally do not support proposals asking that shareholders be allowed to cumulate votes in director elections, as this practice may encourage the election of special interest directors.
Separation of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
General Policy: We will consider supporting shareholder resolutions asking that the roles of chairman and CEO be separated when we believe the company’s board structure and operation has insufficient features of independent board leadership, such as the lack of a lead independent director. In addition, we may also support resolutions on a case-by-case basis where we believe, in practice, that there is not a bona fide lead independent director acting with robust responsibilities or the company’s ESG practices or business performance suggest a material deficiency in independent influence into the company’s strategy and oversight.
Shareholder rights
Proxy access
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals asking that the company implement a form of proxy access. In making our voting decision, we will consider several factors, including, but not limited to: current performance of the company, minimum filing thresholds, holding periods, number of director nominees that can be elected, existing governance issues and board/management responsiveness to material shareholder concerns.
Ratification of auditor
General Policy: We will generally support the board’s choice of auditor and believe that the auditor should be elected annually. However, we will consider voting against the ratification of an audit firm where non-audit fees are excessive, where the firm has been involved in conflict of interest or fraudulent activities in connection with the company’s audit, where there has been a material restatement of financials or where the auditor’s independence is questionable.
Supermajority vote requirements
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of supermajority vote requirements.
Dual-class common stock and unequal voting rights
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of dual classes of common stock or other forms of equity with unequal voting rights or special privileges.
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Right to call a special meeting
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the right to call a special meeting. However, we believe a 25% ownership level is reasonable and generally would not be supportive of proposals to lower the threshold if it is already at that level.
Right to act by written consent
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions requesting the right to act by written consent.
Antitakeover devices (poison pills)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals relating to the adoption or rescission of antitakeover devices with attention to the following criteria:
Whether the company has demonstrated a need for antitakeover protection
Whether the provisions of the device are in line with generally accepted governance principles
Whether the company has submitted the device for shareholder approval
Whether the proposal arises in the context of a takeover bid or contest for control
We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking to rescind or put to a shareholder vote antitakeover devices that were adopted without shareholder approval.
Reincorporation
General Policy: We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis proposals for reincorporation taking into account the intention of the proposal and the established laws of the new domicile and jurisprudence of the target domicile. We will not support the proposal if we believe the intention is to take advantage of laws or judicial interpretations that provide antitakeover protection or otherwise reduce shareholder rights.
Corporate political influence
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s direct political contributions, including board oversight procedures.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s charitable contributions and other philanthropic activities.
We may consider not supporting shareholder resolutions that appear to promote a political agenda that is contrary to the long-term health of the corporation.
We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of a company’s lobbying expenditures.
Closed-end funds
We recognize that many exchange-listed closed-end funds (“CEFs”) have adopted particular corporate governance practices that deviate from certain policies set forth in the Guidelines. We believe that the distinctive structure of CEFs can provide important benefits to investors, but leaves CEFs uniquely vulnerable to opportunistic traders seeking short-term gains at the expense of long-term shareholders. Thus, to protect the interests of their long-term shareholders, many CEFs have adopted measures to defend against attacks from short-term-oriented activist investors. As such, in light of the unique nature of CEFs and their differences in corporate governance practices from operating companies, we will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals involving the adoption of defensive measures by CEFs. This is consistent with our approach to proxy voting that recognizes the importance of case-by-case analysis to ensure alignment with investment team views, and voting in accordance with the best interest of our shareholders.
Compensation issues
Advisory votes on executive compensation (say on pay)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis the advisory vote on executive compensation (say on pay). We expect well-designed plans that clearly demonstrate the alignment between pay and performance, and we encourage companies to be responsive to low levels of support by engaging with shareholders. We also prefer that companies offer an annual non-binding vote on executive compensation. In absence of an annual vote, companies should clearly articulate the rationale behind offering the vote less frequently.
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We generally note the following red flags when evaluating executive compensation plans:
Undisclosed or Inadequate Performance Metrics: We believe that performance goals for compensation plans should be disclosed meaningfully. Performance hurdles should not be too easily attainable. Disclosure of these metrics should enable shareholders to assess whether the plan will drive long-term value creation.
Excessive Equity Grants: We will examine a company’s past grants to determine the rate at which shares are being issued. We will also seek to ensure that equity is being offered to more than just the top executives at the company. A pattern of excessive grants can indicate failure by the board to properly monitor executive compensation and its costs.
Lack of Minimum Vesting Requirements: We believe that companies should establish minimum vesting guidelines for senior executives who receive stock grants. Vesting requirements help influence executives to focus on maximizing the company’s long-term performance rather than managing for short-term gain.
Misalignment of Interests: We support equity ownership requirements for senior executives and directors to align their interests with those of shareholders.
Special Award Grants: We will generally not support mega-grants. A company’s history of such excessive grant practices may prompt us to vote against the stock plans and the directors who approve them. Mega-grants include equity grants that are excessive in relation to other forms of compensation or to the compensation of other employees and grants that transfer disproportionate value to senior executives without relation to their performance. We also expect companies to provide a rationale for any other one-time awards such as a guaranteed bonus or a retention award.
Excess Discretion: We will generally not support plans where significant terms of awards—such as coverage, option price, or type of awards—are unspecified, or where the board has too much discretion to override minimum vesting or performance requirements.
Lack of Clawback Policy: We believe companies should establish clawback policies that permit recoupment from any senior executive who received compensation as a result of defective financial reporting, or whose behavior caused financial harm to shareholders or reputational risk to the company.
Equity-based compensation plans
General Policy: We will review equity-based compensation plans on a case-by-case basis, giving closer scrutiny to companies where plans include features that are not performance-based or where potential dilution or burn rate total is excessive. As a practical matter, we recognize that more dilutive broad-based plans may be appropriate for human-capital intensive industries and for small- or mid-capitalization firms and start-up companies.
We generally note the following red flags when evaluating equity incentive plans:
Evergreen Features: We will generally not support option plans that contain evergreen features, which reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year and lack a termination date.
Reload Options: We will generally not support reload options that are automatically replaced at market price following exercise of initial grants.
Repricing Options: We will generally not support plans that authorize repricing. However, we will consider on a case-by-case basis management proposals seeking shareholder approval to reprice options. We are likely to vote in favor of repricing in cases where the company excludes named executive officers and board members and ties the repricing to a significant reduction in the number of options.
Undisclosed or Inappropriate Option Pricing: We will generally not support plans that fail to specify exercise prices or that establish exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant.
Golden parachutes
General Policy: We will vote on a case-by-case basis on golden parachute proposals, taking into account the structure of the agreement and the circumstances of the situation. However, we would prefer to see a double trigger on all change-of-control agreements and no excise tax gross-up.
Shareholder resolutions on executive compensation
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions related to specific compensation practices. Generally, we believe specific practices are the purview of the board.
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III. Guidelines for ESG shareholder resolutions
We generally support shareholder resolutions seeking reasonable disclosure of the environmental or social impact of a company’s policies, operations or products. We believe that a company’s management and directors should determine the strategic impact of environmental and social issues and disclose how they are dealing with these issues to mitigate risk and advance long-term shareholder value.
Environmental issues
Global climate change
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, the impact of climate change on a company’s business activities and products and strategies designed to reduce the company’s long-term impact on the global climate.
Use of natural resources
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s use of natural resources, the impact on its business of declining resources and its plans to improve the efficiency of its use of natural resources.
Impact on ecosystems
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s initiatives to reduce any harmful impacts or other hazards to local, regional or global ecosystems that result from its operations or activities.
Animal welfare
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking for reports on the company’s impact on animal welfare.
Issues related to customers
Product responsibility
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure relating to the quality, safety and impact of a company’s goods and services on the customers and communities it serves.
Predatory lending
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking companies for disclosure about the impact of lending activities on borrowers and about policies designed to prevent predatory lending practices.
Issues related to employees and suppliers
Diversity and nondiscrimination
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s nondiscrimination policies and practices, or seeking to implement such policies, including equal employment opportunity standards.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s workforce, board diversity, and gender pay equity policies and practices.
Global labor standards
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s labor standards and enforcement practices, as well as the establishment of global labor policies based upon internationally recognized standards.
Issues related to communities
Corporate response to global health risks
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to significant public health impacts resulting from company operations and products, as well as the impact of global health pandemics on the company’s operations and long-term growth.
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Global human rights codes of conduct
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s human rights standards and the establishment of global human rights policies, especially regarding company operations in conflict zones or areas of weak governance.
Disclosures
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, Teachers Advisors, LLC, and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC are SEC registered investment advisers and subsidiaries of Nuveen, LLC
Nuveen proxy voting policy
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC, (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), (each an “Adviser” and, collectively, referred to as the “Advisers”)
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting is the primary means by which shareholders may influence a publicly traded company’s governance and operations and thus create the potential for value and positive long-term investment performance. When an SEC registered investment adviser has proxy voting authority, the adviser has a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients and must not subrogate its clients’ interests to its own. In their capacity as fiduciaries and investment advisers, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively, the “Advisers”) vote proxies for the Portfolio Companies held by their respective clients, including investment companies and other pooled investment vehicles, institutional and retail separate accounts, and other clients as applicable. The Advisers have adopted this Policy, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, and the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy for voting the proxies of the Portfolio Companies they manage. The Advisers leverage the expertise and services of an internal group referred to as Nuveen’s Stewardship Group to administer the Advisers’ proxy voting. The Stewardship Group adheres to the Advisers’ Proxy Voting Guidelines which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote client securities in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Policy statement
Proxy voting is a key component of a Portfolio Company’s corporate governance program and is the primary method for exercising shareholder rights and influencing the Portfolio Company’s behavior. Nuveen makes informed voting decisions in compliance with Rule 206(4)-6 (the “Rule”) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), and applicable laws and regulations (e.g., the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, “ERISA”).
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on specific voting categories, and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution. While the Guidelines are developed, maintained, and implemented by the Stewardship Group, and reviewed by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee, the portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted.
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Portfolio Company includes any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser.
Policy requirements
Investment advisers, in accordance with the Rule, are required to (i) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, and address resolution of material conflicts that may arise, (ii) describe their proxy voting procedures to their clients and provide copies on request, and (iii) disclose to clients how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
The Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, the Stewardship Group and Nuveen Compliance are subject to the respective requirements outlined below under “Roles and Responsibilities.”
Although it is the general policy to vote all applicable proxies received in a timely fashion with respect to securities selected by an Adviser for current clients, the Adviser may refrain from voting in certain circumstances where such voting would be disadvantageous, materially burdensome or impractical, or otherwise inconsistent with the overall best interest of clients.
Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
The purpose of the Committee is to establish a governance framework to oversee the proxy voting activities of the Advisers in accordance with the Policy. The Committee’s voting members will be comprised from Research, the Advisers, and Nuveen’s Stewardship Group. Non-voting members will be comprised from Nuveen Legal, Nuveen Compliance, Nuveen Advisory Product, and Nuveen Investment Risk. The Committee may invite others on a standing, routine and/or ad hoc basis to attend Committee meetings. The CCOs of CREF/TC Funds and the Nuveen Funds shall be standing, non-voting invitees. The Committee has delegated responsibility for the implementation and ongoing administration of the Policy to the Stewardship Group, subject to the Committee’s ultimate oversight and responsibility as outlined in the Committee’s Proxy Voting Charter.
Advisers
1. Advisory Personnel maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted, unless otherwise instructed by a client, and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines and/or a vote recommendation of the Stewardship Group if such Advisory Personnel determines it is in the best interest of the Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for all such contrary vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
2. When voting proxies for different groups of client accounts, Advisory Personnel may vote proxies held by the respective client accounts differently depending on the facts and circumstances specific to such client accounts. The rationale for all such vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
3. Advisory Personnel must comply with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Performs day-to-day administration of the Advisers’ proxy voting processes.
2. Seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines, which have been constructed in a manner intended to align with the best interests of clients. In applying the Guidelines, the Stewardship Group, on behalf of the Advisers, takes into account several factors, including, but not limited to:
Input from Advisory Personnel
Third-party research
Specific Portfolio Company context, including environmental, social and governance practices, and financial performance.
3. Assists in the development of securities lending recall protocols in cooperation with the Securities Lending Committee.
4. Performs Form N-PX filings in accordance with regulatory requirements.
5. Delivers copies of the Advisers’ Policy to clients and prospective clients upon request in a timely manner, as appropriate.
6. Assists with the disclosure of proxy votes as applicable on corporate websites and elsewhere as required by applicable regulations.
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7. Prepares reports of proxies voted on behalf of the Advisers’ investment company clients to their Boards or committees thereof, as applicable.
8. Performs an annual vote reconciliation for review by the Committee.
9. Arranges the annual service provider due diligence, including a review of the service provider’s potential conflicts of interests, and presents the results to the Committee.
10. Facilitates quarterly Committee meetings, including agenda and meeting minute preparation.
11. Complies with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
12. Creates and retains certain records in accordance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
13. Oversees the proxy voting service provider with respect to its responsibilities, including making and retaining certain records as required under applicable regulation.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure of the Advisers’ Policy to clients as required by regulation or otherwise.
2. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure to clients of how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
3. Assists the Stewardship Group with arranging the annual service provider due diligence and presenting the results to the Committee.
4. Monitors for compliance with this Policy and retains records relating to its monitoring activities pursuant to Nuveen’s Records Management program.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provides legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if substantive changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
Nuveen proxy voting conflicts of interest policy and procedures
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen (“Nuveen”) acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”).
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting by investment advisers is subject to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations, and for accounts subject to ERISA, U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) requirements. These rules and regulations require policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure proxies are voted in the best interest of clients and that such procedures set forth how the adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s interests and those of its clients. The purpose of this Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures (“Policy”) is to describe how the Advisers monitor and address the risks
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associated with Material Conflicts of Interest arising out of business and personal relationships that could affect proxy voting decisions.
Nuveen’s Stewardship Group is responsible for providing vote recommendations, based on the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), to the Advisers and for administering the voting of proxies on behalf of the Advisers. When determining how to vote proxies, the Stewardship Group adheres to the Guidelines, which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote proxies in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Advisers may face certain potential Material Conflicts of Interest when voting proxies. The procedures set forth below have been reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and address potential Material Conflicts of Interest to ensure that the Advisers’ voting decisions are based on the best interest of their clients and are not the product of a conflict.
Policy statement
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Conflicts Watch List (“Watch List”) refers to a list maintained by the Stewardship Group based on the following:
1. The positions and relationships of the following categories of individuals are evaluated to assist in identifying a potential Material Conflict with a Portfolio Company:
i. The TIAA CEO,
ii. The Nuveen Executive Leadership Team and the Nuveen Senior Leadership Team,
iii. Stewardship Group members who provide proxy voting recommendations on behalf of the Advisers,
iv. Advisory Personnel, and
v. Household Members of the parties listed above in Nos. 1(i)–1(iv).
The following criteria constitute a potential Material Conflict:
· Any individual identified above in 1(i)–1(v) who serves on a Portfolio Company’s board of directors; and/or
· Any individual identified above in 1(v) who serves as a senior executive* of a Portfolio Company.
2. In addition, the following circumstances have been determined to constitute a potential Material Conflict:
i. Voting proxies for Funds sponsored by any Adviser and/or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity (i.e., registered investment funds and other funds that require proxy voting) held in client accounts,
ii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are direct advisory clients of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that have a material distribution relationship* with regard to the products or strategies of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iv. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are institutional investment consultants with which the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities have engaged for any material business opportunity† and
v. Any other circumstance where the Stewardship Group, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, Nuveen Legal or Nuveen Compliance are aware of in which the Adviser’s duty to serve its clients’ interests could be materially compromised.
In addition, certain conflicts may arise when a Proxy Service Provider or its affiliate(s) have determined and/or disclosed that a relationship exists with i) a Portfolio Company ii) an entity acting as a primary shareholder proponent with respect to a Portfolio Company or iii) another party. Such relationships include, but are not limited to, the products and services provided to, and the revenue obtained from, such Portfolio Company or its affiliates. The Proxy Service Provider is required to disclose such relationships to the Advisers, and the
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Stewardship Group reviews and evaluates the Proxy Service Provider’s disclosed conflicts of interest and associated controls annually and reports its assessment to the Committee.
Household Member includes any of the following who reside or are expected to reside in your household for at least 90 days a year: i) spouse or Domestic Partner, ii) sibling, iii) child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, grandparent, stepparent, and in-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister).
Domestic Partner is defined as an individual who is neither a relative of, or legally married to, a Nuveen employee but shares a residence and is in a mutual commitment similar to marriage with such Nuveen employee.
Material Conflicts of Interest (“Material Conflict”) A conflict of interest that reasonably could have the potential to influence a recommendation based on the criteria described in this Policy.
Nuveen Affiliated Entities refers to TIAA and entities that are under common control with the Advisers and that provide investment advisory services. TIAA and the Advisers will undertake reasonable efforts to identify and manage any potential TIAA-related conflicts of interest.
Portfolio Company refers to any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity.
Proxy Service Provider(s) refers to any independent third-party vendor(s) who provides proxy voting administrative, research and/or recordkeeping services to Nuveen.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers generally intend to vote on specific voting categories and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers generally intend to vote proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Escalation Form (“Escalation Form”) Used in limited circumstances as described below to formally document certain requests to deviate from the Guidelines, the rationale supporting the request, and the ultimate resolution.
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* Senior executives are defined as “C-suite” positions such as CEO, CFO, COO, CAO, CMO, CIO, CTO, etc.
† Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
Policy requirements
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are prohibited from being influenced in their proxy voting decisions by any individual outside the established proxy voting process. The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are required to report to Nuveen Compliance any individuals or parties seeking to influence proxy votes outside the established proxy voting process.
The Stewardship Group generally seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines. In the event that a potential Material Conflict has been identified, the Committee, the Stewardship Group, Advisory Personnel and Nuveen Compliance are required to comply with the following:
Proxies are generally voted in accordance with the Guidelines. In instances where a proxy is issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, and the Stewardship Group’s vote direction is in support of company management and either contrary to the Guidelines or the Guidelines require a case-by-case review, then the Stewardship Group vote recommendation is evaluated using established criteria‡ to determine whether a potential conflict exists. In instances where it is determined a potential conflict exists, the vote direction shall default to the recommendation of an independent third-party Proxy Service Provider based on such provider’s benchmark policy. To the extent the Stewardship Group believes there is a justification to vote contrary to the Proxy Service Provider’s benchmark recommendation in such an instance, then such requests are evaluated and mitigated pursuant to an Escalation Form review process as described in the Roles and Responsibilities section below. In all cases votes are intended to be in line with the Guidelines and in the best interests of clients.
The Advisers are required to adhere to the baseline standards and guiding principles governing client and personnel conflicts as outlined in the TIAA Conflicts of Interest Policy to assist in identifying, escalating and addressing proxy voting conflicts in a timely manner.
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‡ Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
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Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
1. Annually, review and approve the criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Review and approve the Policy annually, or more frequently as required.
3. Review Escalation Forms as described above to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
4. Review Stewardship Group Material Conflicts reporting.
5. Review and consider any other matters involving the Advisers’ proxy voting activities that are brought to the Committee.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Promptly disclose Stewardship Group members’ Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Stewardship Group members must recuse themselves from all decisions related to proxy voting for the Portfolio Company seeking the proxy for which they personally have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. Compile, administer and update the Watch List promptly based on the Watch List criteria described herein as necessary.
4. Evaluate vote recommendations for Portfolio Companies on the Watch List, based on established criteria to determine whether a vote shall default to the third-party Proxy Service Provider, or whether an Escalation Form is required.
5. In instances where an Escalation Form is required as described above, the Stewardship Group member responsible for the recommendation completes and submits the form to a Stewardship Group manager and the Committee. The Stewardship Group will specify a response due date from the Committee typically no earlier than two business days from when the request was delivered. While the Stewardship Group will make reasonable efforts to provide a two-business-day notification period, in certain instances the required response date may be shortened. The Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether a Material Conflict exists and whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the existing conflict. The Committee will then provide its response in writing to the Stewardship Group member who submitted the Escalation Form.
6. Provide Nuveen Compliance with established reporting.
7. Prepare Material Conflicts reporting to the Committee and other parties, as applicable.
8. Retain Escalation Forms and responses thereto and all other relevant documentation in conformance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
Advisory Personnel
1. Promptly disclose Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Provide input and/or vote recommendations to the Stewardship Group upon request. Advisory Personnel are prohibited from providing the Stewardship Group with input and/or recommendations for any Portfolio Company for which they have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. From time to time as part of the Adviser’s normal course of business, Advisory Personnel may initiate an action to override the Guidelines for a particular proposal. For a proxy vote issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, if Advisory Personnel request a vote against the Guidelines and in favor of Portfolio Company management, then the request will be evaluated by the Stewardship Group in accordance with their established criteria and processes described above. To the extent an Escalation Form is required, the Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Determine criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Determine parties responsible for collection of, and providing identified Material Conflicts to, the Stewardship Group for inclusion on the Watch List.
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3. Perform periodic reviews of votes where Material Conflicts have been identified to determine whether the votes were cast in accordance with this Policy.
4. Develop and maintain, in consultation with the Stewardship Group, standard operating procedures to support the Policy.
5. Perform periodic monitoring to determine adherence to the Policy.
6. Administer training to the Advisers and the Stewardship Group, as applicable, to ensure applicable personnel understand Material Conflicts and disclosure responsibilities.
7. Assist the Committee with the annual review of this Policy.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provide legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
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NGN-ESGUSEQ-0224P |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI relates to, and should be read in conjunction with, the prospectus dated February 29, 2024, for the Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF and Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF (each, a “Fund” and, together, the “Funds”), each a series of Nushares ETF Trust (the “Trust”), as such prospectus may be revised from time to time (the “Prospectus”). Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. A Prospectus may be obtained without charge from the Funds by visiting the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf or calling (888) 290-9881.
The Funds’ audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Funds’ most recent Annual Report to Shareholders. You may obtain a copy of a Fund’s Annual Report at no charge by request to the Fund, visiting the website, or calling the phone number noted above.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Each Fund is a diversified series of the Trust, an open-end management investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on February 20, 2015. Each series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets, with its own objective and policies. Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) within the Nuveen family of ETFs (the “Nuveen ETFs”). The investment objective of each Fund is to track the investment results, before fees and expenses, of its underlying index (each, an “Index” and, collectively, the “Indexes”). Each Fund’s investment adviser is Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (“Nuveen Fund Advisors” or the “Adviser”). Each Fund’s sub-adviser is Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational and offering expenses of the Trust.
Each Fund issues and redeems shares at its net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in large block aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Units”). Only certain institutional investors who have entered into agreements with the Funds’ distributor (“Authorized Participants”) may purchase and redeem shares directly from the Funds at NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the Funds are not redeemable securities. See “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units” later in this SAI for more information.
Each Fund's shares are listed for trading on the Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc., a national securities exchange (the “Listing Exchange”), and may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the Listing Exchange. The shares trade on the Listing Exchange at market prices that may differ from the shares’ NAVs.
Each Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), so that it will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are timely distributed to Fund shareholders. Each Fund invests its assets, and otherwise conducts its operations, in a manner that is intended to satisfy the qualifying income, diversification and distribution requirements necessary to establish and maintain eligibility for such treatment.
GENERAL RISKS
An investment in the Funds should be made with an understanding that the value of the Funds’ portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. The Funds may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Funds may decline in value. The Funds’ shares may trade above or below their NAV. An investor in the Funds could lose money over short or long periods of time. The price of the securities and other investments held by the Funds and thus the values of the Funds’ portfolios are expected to fluctuate in accordance with general economic conditions, interest rates, political events, and other factors.
Investor perceptions may also impact the value of each Fund’s investments and the value of an investment in each Fund’s shares. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, public health or banking crises. Issuer-specific conditions may also affect the value of a Fund’s investments. The financial condition of an issuer of a security or counterparty to a contract may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security or contract. The Funds cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer or counterparty defaults. Accordingly, the value of an investment in a Fund may change in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of a Fund’s portfolio securities.
Although the Funds attempt to invest in liquid securities and instruments, there can be no guarantee that a liquid market for such securities and instruments will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of a Fund’s shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
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CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The method by which Creation Units are created and Fund shares are subsequently traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if, after placing an order for Creation Units with Nuveen Securities, LLC (“Nuveen Securities” or the “Distributor”), the broker-dealer or its client breaks them down into constituent shares and sells such shares directly to customers, or if the broker-dealer or its client chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the 1933 Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(a)(3) of the 1933 Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to shares of a Fund are reminded that pursuant to Rule 153 under the 1933 Act, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the 1933 Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Fund’s Prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the Prospectus and under “Investment Policies and Techniques” below, each Fund is subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The investment restrictions set forth in numbers (1) through (7) below are fundamental and cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, i.e., by the lesser of the vote of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting where more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
A Fund may not:
(1) Concentrate its investments in a particular industry, as the term “concentrate” is used in the 1940 Act, except as may be necessary to approximate the composition of its Index.
(2) Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
(3) With respect to 75% of its total assets, purchase securities of an issuer (other than (i) securities issued by other investment companies, (ii) securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or (iii) repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. government securities) if (a) such purchase would, at the time, cause more than 5% of the Fund’s total assets taken at market value to be invested in the securities of such issuer; or (b) such purchase would, at the time, result in more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer being held by the Fund.
(4) Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from investing in options on commodity indices, commodity futures contracts and options thereon, commodity-related swap agreements, other commodity-related derivative instruments, and investment companies that provide exposure to commodities.
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(5) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prevent the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or interests therein or of issuers engaged in real estate activities.
(6) Act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the 1933 Act in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
(7) Make loans, except as permitted under the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
Except with respect to the limitation set forth in number (2) above, the foregoing restrictions and limitations will apply only at the time of purchase of securities, and the percentage limitations will not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of an acquisition of securities, unless otherwise indicated.
For purposes of applying the limitation set forth in number (1) above, according to the current interpretation by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), a Fund would be concentrated in an industry if 25% or more of its net assets, based on current market value at the time of purchase, were invested in that industry. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitation set forth in number (1) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, issuers of the following securities will not be considered to be members of any industry: securities of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities; except as set forth in the following sentence, tax-exempt securities of state, territory, possession or municipal governments and their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and repurchase agreements collateralized by any such obligations. To the extent that the income from a municipal bond is derived principally from a specific project or backed principally from the assets and revenue of a non-governmental user, the securities will be deemed to be from the industry of that non-governmental user. To the extent a Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitation set forth in number (1) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, all sovereign debt of a single country will be considered investments in a single industry.
Where a security is guaranteed by a governmental entity or some other facility, such as a bank guarantee or letter of credit, such a guarantee or letter of credit would be considered a separate security and would be treated as an issue of such government, other entity or bank. Each foreign government will be considered to be a member of a separate industry.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (2) above, under the 1940 Act as currently in effect, a Fund is not permitted to issue senior securities, except that a Fund may borrow from any bank if immediately after such borrowing the value of a Fund’s total assets is at least 300% of the principal amount of all of a Fund’s borrowings (i.e., the principal amount of the borrowings may not exceed 33 1/3% of a Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300%, a Fund shall, within three calendar days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays), reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowing shall be at least 300%.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (7) above, there are no limitations with respect to unsecured loans made by a Fund to an unaffiliated party. However, if a Fund loans its portfolio securities, the obligation on the part of the Fund to return collateral upon termination of the loan could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. In order to avoid violation of Section 18(f), a Fund may not make a loan of portfolio securities if, as a result, more than one-third of its total asset value (at market value computed at the time of making a loan) would be on loan.
In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, each Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Funds’ Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without a shareholder vote.
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A Fund may not:
(1) Acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on subparagraph (F) or subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act.
(2) Invest directly in futures, options on futures and swaps to the extent that the Adviser would be required to register with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator. See “Investment Policies and Techniques—Derivatives—Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps.”
Each Fund has adopted a non-fundamental investment policy pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Name Policy”) whereby the Fund, under normal market conditions, will invest at least 80% of the sum of its net assets and the amount of any borrowings for investment purposes in component securities of its Index. As a result, each of these Funds must provide shareholders with a notice, meeting the requirements of Rule 35d-1(c), at least 60 days prior to any change of its Name Policy. For purposes of the Name Policy, each Fund may consider both direct investments and indirect investments (e.g., investments in other investment companies, derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics similar to the direct investments that meet the Name Policy) when determining compliance with the Name Policy. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, a Fund’s future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES
The following information supplements the discussion of the Funds’ investment objectives, principal investment strategies, policies and techniques that appears in the Prospectus for the Funds. Additional information concerning principal investment strategies of the Funds, and other investment strategies that may be used by the Funds, are set forth below in alphabetical order.
If a percentage limitation on investments by a Fund stated in this SAI or the Prospectus is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from changes in asset value will not be deemed to violate the limitation except in the case of the limitations on borrowing. In connection with the Fund’s investment restrictions, any reference in this SAI or the Prospectus to a specific rating encompasses all gradations of that rating (e.g., if this SAI or the Prospectus states that a fund may invest in securities rated as low as B, the fund may invest in securities rated B-).
References in this section to the Adviser also apply, to the extent applicable, to the Sub-Adviser of the Funds.
Borrowing Money
Each Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by the 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. Each Fund may also invest in reverse repurchase agreements, which are considered borrowings under the 1940 Act. Although the 1940 Act presently allows each Fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets), and there is no limit on the percentage of Fund assets that can be used in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, under normal circumstances any borrowings by a Fund will not exceed 10% of the Fund’s total assets. While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, a Fund will, for all of its reverse repurchase agreements, either (i) consistent with Section 18 of the 1940 Act, maintain asset coverage of at least 300% of the value of the repurchase agreement, or (ii) treat the reverse repurchase agreement as a derivatives transaction for purposes of Rule 18f-4, including, as applicable, the value-at-risk-based limit on leverage risk.
Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Each Fund may hold assets in cash or cash equivalents, money market funds and short-term taxable fixed income securities in such proportions as warranted by prevailing market conditions and the Fund’s principal investment strategies. Each Fund may only invest in short-term taxable fixed income securities with a maturity of one year or less and whose issuers have a long-term rating of at least A- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”), A3 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or A- or higher by Fitch, Inc.
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(“Fitch”). Short-term taxable fixed income securities are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government Securities. Each Fund may invest in U.S. government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest, which are either issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government agency securities include securities issued by (a) the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, and the Government National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; (b) the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, and the Tennessee Valley Authority, whose securities are supported by the right of the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (c) the Federal National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and (d) the Student Loan Marketing Association, whose securities are supported only by its credit. While the U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it always will do so since it is not so obligated by law. The U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market value of their securities, and consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate. In addition, each Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of non-U.S. countries. U.S. Treasury obligations include separately traded interest and principal component parts of such obligations, known as Separately Traded Registered Interest and Principal Securities (“STRIPS”), which are transferable through the Federal book-entry system. STRIPS are sold as zero coupon securities, which means that they are sold at a substantial discount and redeemed at face value at their maturity date without interim cash payments of interest or principal. This discount is accreted over the life of the security, and such accretion will constitute the income earned on the security for both accounting and tax purposes. Because of these features, such securities may be subject to greater interest rate volatility than interest paying U.S. Treasury obligations.
(2) Certificates of Deposit. Each Fund may invest in certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or savings and loan association. Such certificates are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. If such certificates of deposit are non-negotiable, they will be considered illiquid investments and be subject to the Fund’s 15% restriction on investments in illiquid investments. Pursuant to the certificate of deposit, the issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the certificate on the date specified thereon. Under current FDIC regulations, the maximum insurance payable as to any one certificate of deposit is $250,000; therefore, certificates of deposit purchased by a Fund may not be fully insured.
(3) Bankers’ Acceptances. Each Fund may invest in bankers’ acceptances, which are short-term credit instruments used to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of interest for a specific maturity.
(4) Repurchase Agreements. Each Fund may invest in repurchase agreements which involve purchases of debt securities. In such an action, at the time the Fund purchases the security, it simultaneously agrees to resell and redeliver the security to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the security at a fixed price and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period since the resale price is always greater than the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to certain obligations. Collateral may consist of any fixed income security which is an eligible investment for the Fund. The Fund’s custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase agreement, or the securities will be part of the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the collateral falls below the repurchase price under the repurchase agreement (including any accrued interest), the Fund will promptly receive additional collateral (so the total collateral is an
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amount at least equal to the repurchase price plus accrued interest). Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, however, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The portfolio managers monitor the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement. The portfolio managers do so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(5) Bank Time Deposits. Each Fund may invest in bank time deposits, which are monies kept on deposit with banks or savings and loan associations for a stated period of time at a fixed rate of interest. There may be penalties for the early withdrawal of such time deposits, in which case the yields of these investments will be reduced.
(6) Commercial Paper. Each Fund may invest in commercial paper, which are short-term unsecured promissory notes, including variable rate master demand notes issued by corporations to finance their current operations. Master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and a corporation. There is no secondary market for the notes. However, they are redeemable by the Fund at any time. The portfolio managers will consider the financial condition of the corporation (e.g., earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios) and will continuously monitor the corporation’s ability to meet all of its financial obligations, because the Fund’s liquidity might be impaired if the corporation were unable to pay principal and interest on demand. A Fund may purchase commercial paper consisting of issues rated at the time of purchase within the two highest rating categories by Standard & Poor’s, Fitch or Moody’s, or which have been assigned an equivalent rating by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization.
(7) Eurodollar and Yankee Instruments. Each Fund may invest in Eurodollar certificates of deposit issued by foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; Eurodollar time deposits, which are U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; and Yankee certificates of deposit, which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by U.S. branches of foreign banks and held in the United States. In each instance, a Fund may only invest in bank instruments issued by an institution which has capital, surplus and undivided profits of more than $100 million or the deposits of which are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund.
(8) Money Market Funds and Short-Term Debt Funds. Each Fund may invest in money market funds. A Fund will bear its proportionate share of the money market fund’s fees and expenses (see “Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles” below). A Fund may hold securities of other mutual funds that invest primarily in debt obligations with remaining maturities of 13 months or less.
(9) Variable Amount Master Demand Notes. Each Fund may invest in variable amount master demand notes, which are unsecured demand notes that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate according to the terms of the instrument. Because master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between a Fund and the issuer, they are not normally traded. Although there is no secondary market in the notes, a Fund may demand payment of principal and accrued interest at any time. While the notes are not typically rated by credit rating agencies, issuers of variable amount master demand notes (which are normally manufacturing, retail, financial, and other business concerns) must satisfy the same criteria as set forth above for commercial paper. The Sub-Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuers of such notes and will continuously monitor their financial status and ability to meet payment on demand.
Derivatives
Subject to the limitations set forth below under “Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps,” each Fund may use derivative instruments as described below.
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Generally, a derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives generally take the form of contracts under which the parties agree to payments between them based upon the performance of a wide variety of underlying references, such as stocks, bonds, loans, commodities, interest rates, currency exchange rates, and various domestic and foreign indices.
A Fund may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including as a substitute for investing directly in securities, as part of a hedging strategy (that is, for the purpose of reducing risk to the Fund), or for other purposes related to the management of the Fund. Derivatives permit a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. However, derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest. As a result, a small investment in derivatives could have a large impact on a Fund’s performance.
While transactions in some derivatives may be effected on established exchanges, many other derivatives are privately negotiated and entered into in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market with a single counterparty. When exchange-traded derivatives are purchased and sold, a clearing agency associated with the exchange stands between each buyer and seller and effectively guarantees performance of each contract, either on a limited basis through a guaranty fund or to the full extent of the clearing agency’s balance sheet. Transactions in OTC derivatives not subject to a clearing requirement have no such protection. Each party to an uncleared OTC derivative bears the risk that its direct counterparty will default. In addition, OTC derivatives are generally less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives because they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction.
The use of derivative instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the CFTC, various state regulatory authorities and, with respect to exchange-traded derivatives, the several exchanges upon which they are traded. Under Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, a registered investment company’s derivatives exposure, which includes short positions and certain when-issued and delayed delivery transactions for this purpose, is limited through a value-at-risk test and Rule 18f-4 requires the adoption and implementation of a derivatives risk management program for certain derivatives users. However, subject to certain conditions, limited derivatives users (as defined in Rule 18f-4) are not subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. In connection with adopting Rule 18f-4, the SEC eliminated that asset segregation framework arising from prior SEC guidance for covering derivatives and certain financial instruments. In addition, under Rule 18f-4, a Fund is permitted to invest in when-issued securities, and the transaction will be deemed not to involve a senior security, provided that (i) a Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and (ii) the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date (the “Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision”). A Fund may otherwise engage in such transactions that do not meet the conditions of the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision so long as a Fund treats any such transaction as a “derivatives transaction” for purposes of compliance with the rule. Rule 18f-4 could limit a Fund’s ability to engage in certain derivatives transactions and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions, which could adversely affect the value or performance of the Fund. Changes in the value of a derivative may also create margin delivery or settlement payment obligations for a Fund. In addition, a Fund’s ability to use derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.
The particular derivative instruments a Fund can use are described below. A Fund’s portfolio managers may decide not to employ some or all of these instruments, and there is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by a Fund will succeed. A Fund may employ new derivative instruments and strategies when they are developed, if those investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.
Options Transactions
Each Fund may purchase put and call options on specific securities (including groups or “baskets” of specific securities), stock indices, and/or foreign currencies. In addition, a Fund may write put and call options on such financial instruments.
Options on Securities. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on securities. A put option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right (but not the obligation) to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying security at a stated price (the “exercise price”) at any time before the option expires. A call option on a security gives the purchaser the right (but not the obligation) to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price at any time before
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the option expires. The purchase price for a put or call option is the “premium” paid by the purchaser for the right to sell or buy.
A Fund may purchase put options to hedge against a decline in the value of its portfolio. By using put options in this way, a Fund would reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized in the underlying security by the amount of the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs. In similar fashion, a Fund may purchase call options to protect against an increase in the price of securities that a Fund anticipates purchasing in the future, a practice sometimes referred to as “anticipatory hedging.” The premium paid for the call option plus any transaction costs will reduce the benefit, if any, realized by a Fund upon exercise of the option, and, unless the price of the underlying security rises sufficiently, the option may expire unexercised.
Options on Interest Rates and Indices. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on interest rates and bond indices. An option on interest rates or on an index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing value of the underlying interest rate or index is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the exercise-settlement value of the interest rate option or the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple (the “multiplier”). The writer of the option is obligated, for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. Settlements for interest rate and index options are always in cash.
Options on Currencies. Each Fund may purchase put and call options on foreign currencies. A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period in the secondary market for such options at any time prior to expiration.
A foreign currency call option rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a foreign currency put option rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option may protect the Fund against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it would limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of the currency. For example, if a Fund were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. In such an event, however, the amount of the Fund’s gain would be offset in part by the premium paid for the option. Similarly, if a Fund entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Fund would not need to exercise its call if the currency instead depreciated in value. In such a case, the Fund could acquire the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement in the spot market at a lower price than the exercise price of the option.
Writing Options. The Funds may write (sell) put and call options. These transactions would be undertaken principally to produce additional income. A Fund receives a premium from writing options which it retains whether or not the option is exercised. The Funds may write straddles consisting of a combination of a call and a put written on the same underlying instrument.
A Fund will write a call option on a security only if (a) the Fund owns the security underlying the call, (b) the Fund has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other liquid assets in such amount are segregated), or (c) the Fund holds a call on the same security where the exercise price of the call is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
A Fund will write a call option on a basket of securities, an index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets in an amount equal to the contract value of the index, basket or currency, or (b) the Fund holds a call on the same index, basket or currency as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
A Fund will write a put option on a security, basket of securities, index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets equal to the exercise price or (b) the Fund holds a put on the same
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security, basket of securities, index or currency as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
When a Fund writes a straddle, sufficient assets will be segregated to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. A Fund may segregate the same liquid assets for both the call and put options in a straddle where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, the Fund will also segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is “in the money.”
Expiration or Exercise of Options. If an option purchased by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. If an option written by a Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security, currency or index, exercise price, and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when a Fund desires.
The Funds may sell put or call options it has previously purchased, which could result in a net gain or loss depending on whether the amount realized on the sale is more or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put or call option which is sold. Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series. A Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security, currency or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security, currency or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.
Futures
Each Fund may engage in futures transactions. A Fund may buy and sell futures contracts that relate to (1) interest rates, (2) foreign currencies, (3) debt securities, and (4) bond indices. A Fund may only enter into futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security, interest rate or currency (each a “financial instrument”) for a set price on a future date. Certain futures contracts, such as futures contracts relating to individual securities, call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument. However, these contracts generally are closed out before delivery by entering into an offsetting purchase or sale of a matching futures contract. Other futures contracts, such as futures contracts on interest rates and indices, do not call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument, but rather are agreements pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the financial instrument at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the contract was originally written. These contracts also may be settled by entering into an offsetting futures contract.
Unlike when a Fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, a Fund will be required to deposit with its futures broker (also known as a futures commission merchant (“FCM”)) an amount of cash or securities equal to a specified percentage of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin. The margin deposit is intended to ensure completion of the contract. Minimum initial margin requirements are established by the futures exchanges and may be revised. In addition, FCMs may establish margin deposit requirements that are higher than the exchange minimums. Cash held as margin is generally invested by the FCM in high-quality instruments permitted under CFTC regulations, with returns retained by the FCM and interest paid to the Fund on the cash at an agreed-upon rate. A Fund will also receive any interest paid from coupon-bearing securities, such as Treasury securities, held in margin accounts. Subsequent payments to and from the FCM, called variation margin, will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying financial instrument fluctuates, making the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking the contract to market. Changes in variation margin are recorded by a Fund as unrealized gains or losses. At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, a Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position that will operate to terminate its position in the futures
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contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the Fund, and the Fund realizes a gain or loss. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of an FCM that holds margin on behalf of a Fund, the Fund may be entitled to the return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM’s other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the Fund. Futures transactions also involve brokerage costs.
Most U.S. futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
Forward Currency Contracts and other Foreign Currency Transactions
Each Fund may enter into forward currency contracts. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Unlike futures contracts, which are standardized contracts, forward contracts can be specifically drawn to meet the needs of the parties that enter into them. The parties to a forward currency contract may agree to offset or terminate the contract before its maturity, or may hold the contract to maturity and complete the contemplated exchange. Because forward contracts are not traded on an exchange, a Fund is subject to the credit and performance risk of the counterparties to such contracts.
Swap Transactions
Each Fund may enter into interest rate, total return, and credit default swap agreements.
The Funds may enter into swap transactions for any purpose consistent with its investment objectives and strategies, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining a return or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in other markets, to protect against an increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, to reduce risk arising from the ownership of a particular instrument, or to gain exposure to certain securities, reference rates, sectors or markets.
Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for a specified period of time. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined asset, reference rate or index. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount, e.g., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index. The notional amount of the swap agreement generally is only used as a basis upon which to calculate the obligations that the parties to the swap agreement have agreed to exchange. A Fund’s current obligations under a net swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund).
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps are financial instruments that involve the exchange of one type of interest rate for another type of interest rate cash flow on specified dates in the future. Some of the different types of interest rate swaps are “fixed-for floating rate swaps,” “termed basis swaps” and “index amortizing swaps.” Fixed-for floating rate swaps involve the exchange of fixed interest rate cash flows for floating rate cash flows. Termed basis swaps entail cash flows to both parties based on floating interest rates, where the interest rate indices are different. Index amortizing swaps are typically fixed-for floating swaps where the notional amount changes if certain conditions are met. Like a traditional investment in a debt security, a Fund could lose money by investing in an interest rate swap if interest rates change adversely.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, one party agrees to pay the other the “total return” of a defined underlying asset during a specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. A total return swap may be applied to any underlying asset but is most commonly used with bonds and defined baskets of loans and mortgages. A Fund might enter into a total return swap involving an underlying index or basket of
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securities to create exposure to a potentially widely-diversified range of securities in a single trade. An index total return swap can be used by the portfolio managers to assume risk, without the complications of buying the component securities from what may not always be the most liquid of markets.
Credit Default Swaps. A credit default swap is a bilateral contract that enables an investor to buy or sell protection against a defined-issuer credit event. A Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements either as a buyer or a seller. The Fund may buy protection to attempt to mitigate the risk of default or credit quality deterioration in one or more of its individual holdings or in a segment of the fixed income securities market to which it has exposure, or to take a “short” position in individual bonds or market segments which it does not own. The Fund may sell protection in an attempt to gain exposure to the credit quality characteristics of particular bonds or market segments without investing directly in those bonds or market segments.
As the buyer of protection in a credit default swap, the Fund will pay a premium (by means of an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the agreement) in return for the right to deliver a referenced bond or group of bonds to the protection seller and receive the full notional or par value (or other agreed upon value) upon a default (or similar event) by the issuer(s) of the underlying referenced obligation(s). If no default occurs, the protection seller would keep the stream of payments and would have no further obligation to the Fund. Thus, the cost to the Fund would be the premium paid with respect to the agreement. If a credit event occurs, however, the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. The Fund bears the risk that the protection seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations.
If a Fund is a seller of protection in a credit default swap and no credit event occurs, the Fund would generally receive an up-front payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the swap. If a credit event occurs, however, generally the Fund would have to pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As the protection seller, the Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Thus, the Fund bears the same risk as it would by buying the reference obligations directly, plus the additional risks related to obtaining investment exposure through a derivative instrument discussed below under “Risks Associated with Swap Transactions.”
Swap Options. A swap option is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel, or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement at some designated future time on specified terms. A cash-settled option on a swap gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to receive an amount of cash equal to the value of the underlying swap as of the exercise date. A Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swap options. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swap option than when it purchases a swap option. When the Fund purchases a swap option, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when a Fund writes a swap option, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Risks Associated with Swap Transactions. The use of swap transactions is a highly specialized activity which involves strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. If the Sub-Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of default risks, market spreads or other applicable factors the investment performance of the Fund would diminish compared with what it would have been if these techniques were not used. As the protection seller in a credit default swap, a Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The Fund may only close out a swap or other two-party contract with its particular counterparty, and may only transfer a position with the consent of that counterparty. In addition, the price at which the Fund may close out such a two party contract may not correlate with the price change in the underlying reference asset. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there can be no assurance that the counterparty will be able to meet its contractual obligations or that the Fund will succeed in enforcing its rights. It also is possible that developments in the derivatives market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect a Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap or other agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
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Caps, Collars and Floors
Each Fund may enter into interest rate caps, floors, and collars. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. In a typical cap or floor agreement, one party agrees to make payments only under specified circumstances, usually in return for payment of a fee by the other party. For example, the buyer of an interest rate cap obtains the right to receive payments to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds an agreed-upon level. The seller of an interest rate floor is obligated to make payments to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below an agreed-upon level. An interest rate collar involves selling a cap and purchasing a floor or vice versa to protect a Fund against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.
Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps
Each Fund will limit its direct investments in CFTC-regulated futures, options on futures and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”) to the extent necessary for the Adviser to claim the exclusion from regulation as a commodity pool operator with respect to each of the Funds under CFTC Rule 4.5, as such rule may be amended from time to time. Under Rule 4.5 as currently in effect, each Fund will limit its trading activity in CFTC Derivatives (excluding activity for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined by the CFTC) such that it meets one of the following tests:
· Aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its positions in CFTC Derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions; or
· Aggregate net notional value of its positions in CFTC Derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions.
With respect to each Fund, the Adviser has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator thereunder.
The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may also limit the extent to which a Fund may invest in CFTC Derivatives. See “Tax Matters—Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company.”
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts and Options
Each Fund’s transactions in futures contracts and options will be subject to special provisions of the Code, that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying to be taxed as a regulated investment company and the distribution requirement for avoiding excise taxes.
Risks and Special Considerations Concerning Derivatives
The use of derivative instruments involves certain general risks and considerations as described below.
(1) Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that the value of the underlying assets may go up or down. Adverse movements in the value of an underlying asset can expose a Fund to losses. The successful use of derivative instruments depends upon a variety of factors, particularly the portfolio managers’ ability to predict movements in the relevant markets, which may require different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy adopted will succeed.
(2) Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of a counterparty to comply with the terms of a derivative instrument. The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is generally less than for OTC derivatives, since generally a clearing agency, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For many OTC instruments, there is no similar clearing agency guarantee and there is less regulation or supervision of transactions. In all transactions, a Fund will bear the risk that the counterparty will default, and this could result in a
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loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. Each Fund will enter into derivatives transactions only with counterparties that its portfolio managers reasonably believe are capable of performing under the contract.
(3) Correlation Risk. Correlation risk is the risk that there might be an imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of a derivative instrument and price movements of investments being hedged. When a derivative transaction is used to completely hedge another position, changes in the market value of the combined position (the derivative instrument plus the position being hedged) result from an imperfect correlation between the price movements of the two instruments. With a perfect hedge, the value of the combined position remains unchanged with any change in the price of the underlying asset. With an imperfect hedge, the value of the derivative instrument and its hedge are not perfectly correlated. For example, if the value of a derivative instrument used in a short hedge (such as a CDS) increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investments, the hedge would not be perfectly correlated. This might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using instruments on indices will depend, in part, on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and the price movements in the investments being hedged.
(4) Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a derivative instrument cannot be sold, closed out or replaced quickly at or very close to its fundamental value. Generally, exchange contracts are very liquid because the exchange clearinghouse is the counterparty of every contract. OTC transactions are less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives since they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction. A Fund might be required to maintain assets as “cover,” maintain segregated accounts, and/or make margin payments when it takes positions in derivative instruments involving obligations to third parties (i.e., instruments other than purchase options). If a Fund is unable to close out its positions in such instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expires, matures or is closed out. These requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Fund’s ability to sell or close out a position in an instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends upon the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the counterparty to enter into a transaction closing out the position. There is no assurance that any derivatives position can be sold or closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund. The Fund must comply with the SEC rule related to the use of derivatives and certain other transactions when engaging in the transactions discussed above. See “Derivatives” above.
(5) Legal Risk. Legal risk is the risk of loss caused by the unenforceability of a party’s obligations under the derivative. While a party seeking price certainty agrees to surrender the potential upside in exchange for downside protection, the party taking the risk is looking for a positive payoff. Despite this voluntary assumption of risk, a counterparty that has lost money in a derivative transaction may try to avoid payment by exploiting various legal uncertainties about certain derivative products.
(6) Systemic or “Interconnection” Risk. Systemic or interconnection risk is the risk that a disruption in the financial markets will cause difficulties for all market participants. In other words, a disruption in one market will spill over into other markets, perhaps creating a chain reaction. Much of the OTC derivatives market takes place among the OTC dealers themselves, thus creating a large interconnected web of financial obligations. This interconnectedness raises the possibility that a default by one large dealer could create losses for other dealers and destabilize the entire market for OTC derivative instruments.
(7) Leverage Risk. Leverage risk is the risk that a Fund may be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged due to leverage’s tendency to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may also cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.
(8) Regulatory Risk. The Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has initiated a dramatic revision of the U.S. financial regulatory framework and covers a broad range of topics, including (among many others) a reorganization of
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federal financial regulators; a process intended to improve financial systemic stability and the resolution of potentially insolvent financial firms; and new rules for derivatives trading. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act makes broad changes to the OTC derivatives market, grants significant new authority to the SEC and the CFTC to regulate OTC derivatives and market participants, and will require clearing and exchange trading of many OTC derivatives transactions. New requirements, such as capital requirements and mandatory clearing of OTC derivatives transactions, have impacted and may continue to impact the costs to a fund of trading these instruments and, as a result, may affect returns to investors in a Fund. Instruments in which a Fund may invest, or the issuers of such instruments, may be affected by the new legislation and regulation in ways that are unforeseeable. Certain of the implementing regulations have not yet been finalized or made effective. Accordingly, the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act, including on the derivative instruments in which a Fund may invest, is not yet certain.
Equity Securities
Under normal market conditions, the Funds primarily invest in equity securities, which include common stocks, preferred securities, warrants to purchase common stocks or preferred securities, convertible securities, participatory notes, interests in real estate investment trusts, common and preferred units of master limited partnerships, and other securities with equity characteristics.
Common Stocks
Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred securities, dividends on common stocks are not prescribed in advance but are declared at the discretion of a company’s board.
While investing in stocks allows shareholders to participate in the benefits of owning a company, such shareholders must accept the risks of ownership. Unlike bondholders, who have preference to a company’s earnings and cash flow, common stockholders are entitled only to the residual amount after a company meets its other obligations. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects than its debt obligations. Stockholders of a company that fares poorly can lose money.
Stock markets tend to move in cycles with short or extended periods of rising and falling stock prices. The value of a company’s stock may fall because of:
· Factors that directly relate to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services;
· Factors affecting an entire industry, such as increases in production costs; and
· Changes in financial market conditions that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates or inflation rates.
An investment in common stocks of issuers with small or medium market capitalizations generally involves greater risk and price volatility than an investment in common stocks of larger, more established companies. This increased risk may be due to the greater business risks of their small or medium size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of management depth. The securities of small and medium capitalization companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market, and might not be traded in volumes typical of securities traded on a national securities exchange. Thus, the securities of small and medium capitalization companies are likely to be less liquid and subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established companies.
Preferred Securities
Like common stocks, preferred securities are also units of ownership in a company, but preferred securities normally have preference over common stocks in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of the company. In all other respects, however, preferred securities are subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer. Unlike common stocks, preferred securities are generally not entitled to vote on corporate matters. Types of preferred securities include adjustable-rate preferred securities, fixed dividend preferred securities, perpetual preferred securities and sinking fund preferred securities. Generally, the market value of preferred securities with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk.
Because preferred securities are generally junior to most other forms of debt securities and other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater changes in the value of a preferred security than in a more senior debt security with similar stated yield characteristics.
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Warrants
Each Fund may invest in warrants if, after giving effect thereto, not more than 5% of its net assets will be invested in warrants other than warrants acquired in units or attached to other securities. Investing in warrants is purely speculative in that they have no voting rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. Warrants are issued by the issuer of a security and provide their holder the option to purchase that security upon the warrants’ exercise at a specific price for a specific period of time. They do not represent ownership of the securities but only the right to buy them. The prices of warrants do not necessarily parallel the prices of the underlying securities.
Convertible Securities
For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, a Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
Convertible securities are hybrid securities that combine the investment characteristics of bonds and common stocks. Convertible securities typically consist of debt securities or preferred securities that may be converted within a specified period of time (typically for the entire life of the security) into a certain amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different issuer at a predetermined price. They also include debt securities with warrants or common stock attached and derivatives combining the features of debt securities and equity securities. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt, or dividends paid or accrued on preferred securities, until the security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
The market value of a convertible security generally is a function of its “investment value” and its “conversion value.” A security’s “investment value” represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a comparable non-convertible fixed-income security). The investment value is determined by, among other things, reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar non-convertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer’s capital structure. A security’s “conversion value” is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security. If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like non-convertible debt or a preferred security in the sense that its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security into which it can be converted. Instead, the convertible security’s price will tend to move in the opposite direction from interest rates. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying stock. In that case, the convertible security’s price may be as volatile as that of the common stock. Because both interest rate and market movements can influence its value, a convertible security is not generally as sensitive to interest rates as a similar fixed-income security, nor is it generally as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying stock.
A Fund’s investments in convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid. A Fund’s investments in convertible securities may at times include securities that have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities (of the same or a different issuer) at a specified date and a specified conversion ratio, or that are convertible at the option of the issuer. For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, a Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
In addition, some convertible securities are often rated below investment-grade or are not rated, and therefore may be considered speculative investments. The credit rating of a company’s convertible securities is generally lower than that of its conventional debt securities. Convertible securities are normally considered “junior” securities—that is, the company usually must pay interest on its conventional corporate debt before it can make payments on its convertible securities. Some convertible securities are particularly sensitive to interest rate changes when their predetermined conversion price is much higher than the issuing company’s common stock.
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Participatory Notes
The Funds may invest in participatory notes issued by banks or broker-dealers that are designed to replicate the performance of certain non-U.S. companies traded on a non-U.S. exchange. Participatory notes are a type of equity-linked derivative which generally are traded over-the-counter. Even though a participatory note is intended to reflect the performance of the underlying equity securities on a one-to-one basis so that investors will not normally gain or lose more in absolute terms than they would have made or lost had they invested in the underlying securities directly, the performance results of participatory notes will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the notes seek to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses. Investments in participatory notes involve risks normally associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities. In addition, participatory notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank that issues the notes will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with a Fund. Participatory notes constitute general unsecured, unsubordinated contractual obligations of the banks or broker-dealers that issue them, and a Fund is relying on the creditworthiness of such banks or broker-dealers and has no rights under a participatory note against the issuers of the securities underlying such participatory notes. There can be no assurance that the trading price or value of participatory notes will equal the value of the underlying value of the equity securities they seek to replicate.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding, and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate located in the United States or foreign countries. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 90% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.
REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation which are realized through property sales. A mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT.
Investing in REITs would subject a Fund to risks associated with the real estate industry. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies which own and operate real estate directly, companies which lend to such companies, and companies which service the real estate industry.
The Fund may also be subject to risks associated with direct investments in REITs. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders. REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Code or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.
Master Limited Partnerships
Equity securities in which a Fund may invest include master limited partnerships (“MLPs”). An MLP is an entity, most commonly a limited partnership, that is taxed as a partnership publicly traded and listed on a national securities exchange. Holders of common units of MLPs typically have limited control and limited voting rights as compared to holders of a corporation’s common shares. MLPs are limited by the Code to only apply to enterprises that engage in certain businesses, mostly pertaining to the use of
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natural resources, such as petroleum and natural gas extraction and transportation, although some other enterprises may also qualify as MLPs.
Illiquid Investments
The Funds may invest in illiquid investments (i.e., investments that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment). For purposes of this restriction, illiquid investments include, but are not limited to, restricted securities (securities the disposition of which is restricted under the federal securities laws) and repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days. However, a Fund will not acquire illiquid investments if, as a result, such securities would comprise more than 15% of the value of a Fund’s net assets. The Board or its delegate has the ultimate authority to determine, to the extent permissible under the federal securities laws, which securities are liquid or illiquid for purposes of this 15% limitation. The Board has delegated to the Adviser the day-to-day determination of the illiquidity of any portfolio security, although it has retained oversight over and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. The Adviser works with and to a large extent relies on the expertise and advice of the Sub-Adviser in making these liquidity determinations. Although no definitive liquidity criteria are used, the Board has directed the Adviser to look to such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale market, the frequency of trades and quotes for the security, the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security, and the amount of time normally needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer); (ii) the terms of certain securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g., certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); and (iii) other permissible relevant facts.
Restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the 1933 Act. Where registration is required, a Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time a Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, a Fund might obtain a less favorable price than that which prevailed when it decided to sell. Illiquid investments will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or its delegate.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
In order to generate additional income, each Fund may lend portfolio securities representing up to one-third of the value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers of securities that the Adviser has determined are creditworthy. The securities lending agent will generally bear the risk that a borrower may default on its obligation to return loaned securities; however, a Fund bears the risk that the securities lending agent may default on its contractual obligations to the Fund. A Fund also bears the market risk with respect to the investment of the cash collateral used to secure the loan. A Fund may lose money on its investment of cash collateral or may fail to earn sufficient income on its investment to meet its obligations to the borrower. Each Fund will pay a portion of the income earned on other lending transactions to the placing broker and may pay administrative and custodial fees in connection with these loans.
In these loan arrangements, a Fund will receive cash collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the securities loaned as determined at the time of loan origination. If the market value of the loaned securities increases, the borrower must furnish additional collateral to the Fund. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays a Fund any dividends or interest paid on the securities. Loans are subject to termination at any time by a Fund or the borrower. While a Fund does not have the right to vote securities on loan, it would terminate the loan and regain the right to vote if that were considered important with respect to the investment.
When a Fund lends portfolio securities to a borrower, payments in lieu of dividends made by the borrower to the Fund will not constitute “qualified dividends” taxable at the same rate as long-term capital gains, even if the actual dividends would have constituted qualified dividends had the Fund held the securities. However, each Fund currently recalls all loaned securities from the borrower so that it may receive dividends paid on the securities, if any.
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Non-U.S. Securities
The Funds will invest primarily in equity securities issued by non-U.S. companies. Investments in securities of non-U.S. companies involve risks in addition to the usual risks inherent in domestic investments, including currency risk. The value of a non-U.S. security in U.S. dollars tends to decrease when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the non-U.S. currency in which the security is denominated and tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency.
Non-U.S. securities are affected by the fact that in many countries there is less publicly available information about issuers than is available in the reports and ratings published about companies in the United States and such issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards. Other risks inherent in non-U.S. investments include expropriation; confiscatory taxation; withholding taxes on dividends and interest; less extensive regulation of non-U.S. brokers, securities markets and issuers; diplomatic developments; and political or social instability. Non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in various respects, and many non-U.S. securities are less liquid and their prices tend to be more volatile than comparable U.S. securities. From time to time, non-U.S. securities may be difficult to liquidate rapidly without adverse price effects.
The Funds may also invest in non-U.S. securities by purchasing depositary receipts, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) or other securities representing indirect ownership interests in the securities of non-U.S. companies, including New York Shares. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designated for use in the U.S. securities markets, while EDRs and GDRs are typically in bearer form and may be denominated in non-U.S. currencies and are designed for use in European and other markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying non-U.S. security. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs are deemed to have the same classification as the underlying securities they represent, except that ADRs, EDRs and GDRs shall be treated as indirect non-U.S. investments. Thus, an ADR, EDR or GDR representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs do not eliminate all of the risks associated with directly investing in the securities of non-U.S. companies, such as changes in non-U.S. currency exchange rates. However, by investing in ADRs rather than directly in non-U.S. companies’ stock, a Fund avoids currency risks during the settlement period.
Other types of depositary receipts include American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”), Global Depositary Certificates (“GDCs”) and International Depositary Receipts (“IDRs”). ADSs are shares issued under a deposit agreement representing the underlying ordinary shares that trade in the issuer’s home market. An ADR, described above, is a certificate that represents a number of ADSs. GDCs and IDRs are typically issued by a non-U.S. bank or trust company, although they may sometimes also be issued by a U.S. bank or trust company. GDCs and IDRs are depositary receipts that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by either a non-U.S. or a U.S. corporation.
Depositary receipts may be available through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by a depositary and the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. An unsponsored facility may be established by a depositary without participation by the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. There are greater risks associated with holding unsponsored depositary receipts. For example, if a Fund holds an unsponsored depositary receipt, it will generally bear all of the costs of establishing the unsponsored facility. In addition, the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security. Whether a sponsored or unsponsored facility, there is no assurance that either would pass through to the holders of the receipts voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
In considering whether to invest in the securities of a non-U.S. company, the portfolio managers consider such factors as the characteristics of the particular company, differences between economic trends, and the performance of securities markets in the United States and other countries. The portfolio managers also consider factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of the country or countries where the company is located.
Securities transactions conducted outside the United States may not be regulated as rigorously as in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, non-U.S. securities, currencies and other instruments. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex non-U.S. political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures
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and the margin requirements than in the United States, and (iv) currency exchange rate changes, and lower trading volume and liquidity.
Additional Market Disruption Risk
In late February 2022, Russia launched a large scale military attack on Ukraine. The invasion significantly amplified already existing geopolitical tensions among Russia, Ukraine, Europe, NATO and other western nations, including the U.S. In response to the military action by Russia, various countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom, and European Union issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia. Such sanctions included, among other things, a prohibition on doing business with certain Russian companies, large financial institutions, officials and oligarchs; a commitment by certain countries and the European Union to remove selected Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (“SWIFT”), the electronic banking network that connects banks globally; and restrictive measures to prevent the Russian Central Bank from undermining the impact of the sanctions. Additional sanctions may be imposed in the future. Such sanctions may adversely impact, among other things, the Russian economy and various sectors of the global economy, including but not limited to, the financials, energy, metals and mining, engineering and defense sectors. The sanctions and any related boycotts, tariffs, and financial restrictions imposed on Russia’s government, companies and certain individuals may cause a decline in the value and liquidity of Russian securities; weaken the value of the ruble; downgrade the country’s credit rating; freeze Russian securities and/or funds invested in prohibited assets and impair the ability to trade in Russian securities and/or other assets; and have other adverse consequences on the Russian government, economy, companies and region. Further, several large corporations and U.S. states have announced plans to divest interests or otherwise curtail business dealings with certain Russian businesses.
The ramifications of the hostilities and sanctions, however, may not be limited to Russia and Russian companies but may spill over to and negatively impact other regional and global economic markets (including Europe and the United States), companies in other countries (particularly those that have done business with Russia) and on various sectors, industries and markets for securities and commodities globally, such as oil and natural gas. Accordingly, the actions discussed above and the potential for a wider conflict could increase financial market volatility, cause severe negative effects on regional and global economic markets, industries, and companies and have a negative effect on your Fund’s investments and performance beyond any direct exposure to Russian issuers or those of adjoining geographic regions. In addition, Russia may take retaliatory actions and other countermeasures, including cyberattacks and espionage against other countries and companies around the world, which may negatively impact such countries and the companies in which your Fund invests.
The extent and duration of the military action or future escalation of such hostilities, the extent and impact of existing and future sanctions, market disruptions and volatility, and the result of any diplomatic negotiations cannot be predicted. These and any related events could have a significant impact on Fund performance and the value of an investment in the Fund, particularly with respect to Russian exposure.
Emerging Markets Risk
The Funds may invest in securities issued by companies located in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are generally in the initial stages of their industrialization cycles with low per capita income. The markets of emerging markets countries are generally more volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies. They generally do not have the level of market efficiency and strict standards in accounting and securities regulation to be on par with advanced economies, but emerging markets will typically have a physical financial infrastructure, including banks, a stock exchange and a unified currency. Investors may also have limited rights relative to companies domiciled in emerging market countries, and investors may be unable to pursue the same avenues of recourse available to investors of U.S. companies, such as class action lawsuits and fraud claims, either as a matter of law or practicality. Investments in emerging markets come with much greater risk due to political instability, domestic infrastructure problems, currency volatility and limited investment opportunities (many large companies may still be “state-run” or private). Also, local securities exchanges may not offer liquid markets for outside investors. All of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities described above are heightened by investing in emerging markets countries.
Risks of investing in emerging markets and emerging market securities include: (i) less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the smaller size of the markets for these securities and the currently low or nonexistent volume of trading that results in a lack of liquidity and in greater price volatility; (iii) the
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lack of publicly available information, including reports of payments of dividends or interest on outstanding securities, and less stringent regulation of accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements, which could affect a Fund’s ability to evaluate potential portfolio companies; (iv) certain national policies that may restrict a Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; (v) local taxation; (vi) the absence of developed structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property; (vii) the absence until recently, in certain countries, of a capital structure or market-oriented economy; (viii) the possibility that recent favorable economic developments in certain countries may be slowed or reversed by unanticipated political or social events in these countries; (ix) restrictions that may make it difficult or impossible for the Fund to vote proxies, exercise shareholder rights, pursue legal remedies, and obtain judgments in foreign courts; (x) the risk of uninsured loss due to lost, stolen, or counterfeit stock certificates; (xi) possible losses through the holding of securities in domestic and foreign custodial banks and depositories; (xii) heightened opportunities for governmental corruption; (xiii) large amounts of foreign debt to finance basic governmental duties that could lead to restructuring or default; (xiv) limited legal remedies for investors in emerging markets (including derivative litigation) and a limited ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and U.S. Department of Justice) to bring actions against bad actors; and (xv) heavy reliance on exports that may be severely affected by global economic downturns. Additionally, the degree of cooperation between issuers in emerging market countries with foreign and U.S. financial regulators may vary significantly. The type and severity of sanctions and other similar measures, including counter sanctions and other retaliatory actions, that may be imposed could vary broadly in scope, and their impact is highly uncertain. Changes in exchange rates and interest rates and the imposition of sanctions could, among other things, cause a decline in the value and/or liquidity of securities issued by the sanctioned country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country and increase market volatility and disruption in the sanctioned country and throughout the world. Sanctions and other similar measures could limit or prevent the Fund from buying and selling securities (in the sanctioned country and other markets), significantly delay or prevent the settlement of securities transactions, and significantly impact a Fund’s liquidity and performance.
In addition, some countries in which the Funds may invest have experienced substantial, and in some periods, extremely high rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain countries. Further, the economies of emerging market countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade.
Governments of many emerging market countries have become overly reliant on the international capital markets and other forms of foreign credit to finance large public spending programs that cause huge budget deficits. As a result of either an inability to pay or submission to political pressure, the governments have sought to restructure their loan and/or bond obligations, have declared a temporary suspension of interest payments, or have defaulted (in part or full) on their outstanding debt obligations. These events have adversely affected the values of securities issued by the governments and corporations domiciled in these emerging market countries and have negatively affected not only their cost of borrowing but also their ability to borrow in the future. The economic and political environment has presented significant challenges to the economies of emerging markets, including, among others, rising inflation, food insecurity, subdued employment growth, and economic setback caused by supply chain disruption and the reduction in exports.
The risks outlined above are often more pronounced in “frontier markets” in which a Fund may invest. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid, and as a result, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified in frontier markets. This magnification of risks is the result of a number of factors, including: government ownership or control of parts of the private sector and of certain companies; trade barriers; exchange controls; managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which frontier market countries trade; less uniformity in accounting and reporting requirements; unreliable securities valuation; greater risk associated with custody of securities; and the relatively new and unsettled securities laws in many frontier market countries. In addition, the markets of frontier countries typically have low trading volumes, leading to a greater potential for extreme price volatility and illiquidity. This volatility may be further increased by the actions of a few large investors. For example, a substantial increase or decrease in cash flows of mutual funds investing in these markets could significantly affect local securities prices and, therefore, the NAV of a Fund. All of
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these factors may make investing in frontier market countries significantly riskier than investing in other countries, including more developed and traditional emerging market countries, and any one of them could cause the NAV of a Fund’s shares to decline.
Investment in Europe
The EU is an intergovernmental and supra-national union of certain European countries, known as member states. A key activity of the EU is the establishment and administration of a common single market, consisting of, among other things, a single currency and a common trade policy. The most widely used currency in the EU (and the unit of currency of the European Economic and Monetary Union (“EMU”)) is the euro, which is in use in many of the member states. In addition to adopting a single currency, EMU member states generally no longer control their own monetary policies. Instead, the authority to direct monetary policy is exercised by the European Central Bank and, as a result, EMU member states are significantly affected by fiscal and monetary policies implemented by the EMU and European Central Bank.
While economic and monetary convergence in the EU may offer new opportunities for those investing in the region, investors should be aware that the success of the EU is not wholly assured. Europe must grapple with a number of challenges, any one of which could threaten the survival of this monumental undertaking. Many disparate economies continue to adjust to a unified monetary system, the absence of exchange rate flexibility, and the loss of economic sovereignty. Europe’s economies are diverse, its governments are decentralized, and its cultures differ widely. As member states unify their economic and monetary policies, movements in European markets will lose the benefit of diversification within the region. High unemployment could pose political risk. One or more member states might exit the union, placing the currency and banking system in jeopardy. Major issues currently facing the EU relate to its membership, structure, procedures and policies; they include the adoption, abandonment or adjustment of the constitutional treaty, the EU’s enlargement to the south and east, and resolving the EU’s problematic fiscal and democratic accountability. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments economically tied to the EU.
The EU has been extending its influence to the south and east. For former Iron Curtain member states, membership serves as a strong political impetus to employ tight fiscal and monetary policies. Nevertheless, several entrants that most recently joined the EU are former Soviet satellites that remain burdened to various extents by the inherited inefficiencies of centrally planned economies similar to that which existed under the old Soviet Union.
In addition, certain member states in the EU have had to accept assistance from supra-governmental agencies such as the International Monetary Fund and the European Financial Stability Facility. The European Central Bank has also intervened to purchase eurozone debt in order to seek to stabilize markets and reduce borrowing costs. Responses to these financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may result in social unrest, and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of their debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
The EU’s economy may grow further as more countries join. However, the EU’s economic growth has been below that of the United States most years since 1990, and the economic performance of certain of its key members is a matter of serious concern to policy makers. Although economic conditions vary among EU member states, there is continued concern about national level support for the euro and the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy of EU member states.
Further, it is possible that the euro could be abandoned in the future by EU member states that have already adopted its use, and the effects of such an abandonment or a member state’s forced expulsion from the euro on that member state, on the EMU, and on global markets are impossible to predict and could be negative. The exit of any member state out of the euro would likely have a significant destabilizing effect on all eurozone countries and their economies and a negative effect on the global economy as a whole. In addition, under these circumstances, it may be difficult to value investments denominated in euros or in a replacement currency.
In a June 2016 referendum, citizens of the UK voted to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the UK withdrew from the EU. Negotiators representing the UK and EU signed a trade agreement on December 30, 2020 on the terms governing certain aspects of the EU’s and UK’s relationship, the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the “TCA”). The TCA became effective May 1, 2021 and many aspects of the UK-EU trade relationship remain subject to further negotiation. Notwithstanding the TCA,
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there is likely to be considerable uncertainty as to the UK’s post-transition framework, and in particular as to the arrangements which will apply to the UK’s relationships with the EU and with other countries, and the framework will likely continue to develop and could result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. It is not possible to anticipate the longer term impact to the economic, legal, political, regulatory and social framework that will result from any agreements between the UK and the EU. The effects will depend, in part, on whether the UK is able to negotiate agreements to retain access to EU markets including, but not limited to, trade and finance agreements. In addition, such agreements may lead to ongoing political, regulatory and economic uncertainty and periods of exacerbated volatility in both the UK and in wider European markets for some time.
The impact of the UK’s withdrawal on the UK and European economies and the broader global economy could be significant, resulting in negative impacts, such as increased volatility and illiquidity, potentially lower economic growth and decreased asset valuations. The UK’s withdrawal from the EU may have a destabilizing impact on the EU to the extent other member states similarly seek to withdraw from the union and may cause additional market disruption globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. It may also have a negative impact on the economy and currency of the UK as a result of anticipated, perceived or actual changes to the UK’s economic and political relations with the EU. The UK’s withdrawal could result in lower growth for companies in the UK, EU and globally, which could have an adverse effect on the value of a Fund’s investments. A Fund may make investments in the UK (during the transition period and afterwards), other EU members and in non-EU countries that are directly or indirectly affected by the exit of the UK from the EU. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments economically tied to the UK or EU and may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s performance. Additionally, the willingness or ability of financial and other counterparties to enter into transactions may be affected by the UK’s withdrawal.
An increasingly assertive Russia poses its own set of risks for the EU, as evidenced by the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the ongoing Russian-Ukraine conflict. Opposition to EU expansion to members of the former Soviet bloc may prompt more intervention by Russia in the affairs of its neighbors. This interventionist stance may carry various negative consequences, including direct effects, such as export restrictions on Russia’s natural resources, Russian support for separatist groups of pro-Russian parties located in EU countries, Russian interference in the internal political affairs of current or potential EU members or the EU itself, externalities of ongoing conflict, such as an influx of refugees from Ukraine and Syria, or collateral damage to foreign assets in conflict zones, all of which could negatively impact EU economic activity.
Investment in India
Investments in Indian issuers may exhibit significantly greater market volatility than investments in issuers from more developed markets due to India’s unique legal, regulatory, political, currency and economic risks. Such investments are subject to political and legal uncertainty, greater government control over the economy, currency fluctuations or blockage, and the risk of nationalization or expropriation of assets. The Indian government has exercised, and continues to exercise, significant influence over many aspects of the Indian economy, and the number of public sector enterprises in India is substantial. Although the government has recently begun to institute economic reform policies, there can be no assurance that it will continue to pursue such policies, or, if it is does, that such policies will succeed. These risks, among others, may result in higher potential losses for the Fund as well as higher transaction costs.
The limited liquidity of the Indian securities markets, which is characterized by a small number of listed companies that have significantly smaller market capitalizations, may also affect the Fund’s ability to acquire or dispose of Indian securities at the price and time that the Fund desires. In addition, the laws relating to limited liability of corporate shareholders, fiduciary duties of officers and directors, and the bankruptcy of state enterprises are generally less well developed than, or different from U.S. laws. These factors, coupled with the lack of extensive accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards and practices, as compared to the United States, may increase the Fund’s risk of loss with respect to its investment in India.
While the government of India is moving to a more liberal approach, it still places restrictions on the capability and capacity of foreign investors to access and trade rupee directly. Foreign investors may face restrictions on their investment opportunities in India, including limits on foreign ownership imposed by the Reserve Bank of India (“RBI”). Further, certain Indian regulatory approvals, including approvals from the Securities and Exchange Board of India (“SEBI”), the RBI, the central government, and the tax authorities (to the extent that tax benefits need to be utilized), may be required before the Fund can make
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investments in the securities of Indian companies. Capital gains from Indian securities may be subject to local taxation.
India has also privatized, or is in the process of privatizing, certain government sponsored entities and industries. In some instances, investors in newly privatized entities have suffered losses due to the inability of the newly privatized entities to adjust quickly to a competitive environment, compete against government sponsored entities that have not been privatized, or adapt to changing regulatory and legal standards. In some cases, investors incurred losses when India re-nationalized newly privatized companies. There is no assurance that similar losses will not take place again in the future.
Moreover, in the recent past, India has experienced civil unrest, religious conflicts, border disputes and hostilities with neighboring countries, including Pakistan, and terrorist threats from separatist movements in several Indian states. Incidents involving India’s or the region’s security may cause uncertainty in the Indian market and may adversely affect the Indian economy and the Fund’s investments. In addition, natural disasters, such as tsunamis, flooding or droughts, could occur in India or surrounding areas and negatively impact the Indian economy or the operations of Indian companies which, in turn, could negatively affect the Fund.
Investment in Japan
Government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of high technology, emphasis on education, and a comparatively small defense allocation helped Japan advance with extraordinary speed to become one of the largest economic powers along with the United States and the EU. Despite its impressive history, investors face special risks when investing in Japan.
The growth of Japan’s economy has recently lagged that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed countries. Since the early 2000s, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained low relative to other advanced economies and may remain low in the future. The Japanese economy is heavily reliant on international trade and has been adversely affected in the past by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies, and the economic conditions of its trading partners. In addition, China has become an important trading partner with Japan. Japan’s political relationship with China, however, is strained and delicate. Should political tension increase, it could adversely affect the Japanese economy and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is also heavily dependent on oil and other commodity imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the Japanese economy. Although Japan has recently worked to reduce its dependence on oil by encouraging energy conservation and the use of alternative fuels, there is no guarantee that this trend will continue. The yen has had a history of unpredictable and volatile movements against the U.S. dollar; a weakening yen hurts U.S. investors holding yen-denominated securities. The Japanese stock market has also experienced wild swings in value over time and has often been considered significantly overvalued. Furthermore, Japan’s economic growth rate could be impacted by the Bank of Japan’s monetary policies, changing interest rates and global inflation, tax increases, budget deficits and volatility in the yen.
Beginning in the late 1990s, the nation’s financial institutions were successfully overhauled under the strong leadership of the government. The successful financial sector reform coincided with a Japanese economic recovery, which had set the stage for a comparatively brighter outlook for Japanese companies. However, Japan has an aging workforce and has experienced a significant population decline in recent years. Japan’s labor market appears to be undergoing fundamental structural changes, as a labor market traditionally accustomed to lifetime employment adjusts to meet the need for increased labor mobility, which may affect Japan’s economic competitiveness.
Japan is susceptible to natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, and a Fund’s investment in Japan may be more likely to be affected by such events than its investments in other geographic regions. There are special risks associated with investments in Japan, including foreign trade policy, regional economic disruption, government debt, aging and shrinking of the population, an uncertain financial sector, economic, political or social instability, low domestic consumption and certain corporate structural weaknesses.
Investment in Asia Other Than Japan
The political history of some Asian countries has been characterized by political uncertainty, intervention by the military in civilian and economic spheres, regional conflicts and government corruption. Such developments, if they continue to occur, could reverse favorable trends toward market and economic reform, privatization, and removal of trade barriers and result in significant disruption in securities markets. The economies of many countries in the region are heavily dependent on international
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trade and are accordingly affected by protective trade barriers and the economic conditions of their trading partners, principally, the United States, Japan, China and the EU.
Unlike in the United States, the currencies of certain Asian countries are not determined by the market but are instead managed at artificial levels to the U.S. dollar. This type of system can lead to sudden and large adjustments in the currency which, in turn, can have a disruptive and negative effect on foreign investors. Certain Asian countries also may restrict the free conversion of their currency into foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. There is no significant foreign exchange market for certain currencies and it would, as a result, be difficult for the Funds to engage in foreign currency transactions designed to protect the value of the Funds’ interests in securities denominated in such currencies.
Asian countries have historically been prone to natural disasters, such as droughts, floods and tsunamis, and the region’s economies may be affected by such environmental events in the future. Given the particular vulnerability of the region to the effects of climate change, disruptions in international efforts to address climate-related issues may have a disproportionate impact on a Fund’s investments in the region. A Fund’s investment in or exposure to Asian countries is, therefore, subject to the risk of such events.
By investing in securities or instruments that are economically tied to the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan for the purpose of this disclosure or other developing market Asian countries, a Fund is subject to certain risks in addition to those generally applicable to investment in foreign and emerging markets. In many Asian securities markets, including but not limited to the PRC qualified foreign institutional investors program (“FII” program, including the qualified foreign institutional investor (“QFII”) program based on recent PRC regulatory developments), there is a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries. Many of these markets also may be affected by developments with respect to more established markets in the region. Brokers in developing market Asian countries typically are fewer in number and less well capitalized than brokers in the United States. A number of Asian companies are also highly dependent on foreign loans for their operation, which could impose strict repayment term schedules and require significant economic and financial restructuring. In addition, there is a lack of clarity and more frequent changes in the laws and regulations in certain Asian countries compared to more developed international markets, and there could potentially be a lack of consistency in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations. These factors may severely restrict a Fund’s ability to pursue its investment objective or strategies, may result in fewer investment opportunities for a Fund and may have an adverse impact on the investment performance of a Fund.
Investment in securities or instruments that are economically tied to the PRC is also subject to the risk of political instability in the PRC. Including those risks associated with investing in emerging markets, a Fund’s investment in or exposure to the PRC is also subject to risks associated with, among other things, (a) inefficiencies resulting from erratic growth; (b) the unavailability of consistently-reliable economic data; (c) potentially high rates of inflation; (d) dependence on exports and international trade; (e) relatively high levels of asset price volatility; (f) potential shortage of liquidity and limited accessibility by foreign investors; (g) greater competition from regional economies; (h) fluctuations in currency exchange rates or currency devaluation by the PRC government or central bank, particularly in light of the relative lack of currency hedging instruments and controls on the ability to exchange local currency for U.S. dollars; (i) the relatively small size and absence of operating history of many PRC companies; (j) the developing nature of the legal and regulatory framework for securities markets, custody arrangements and commerce; (k) uncertainty and potential changes with respect to the rules and regulations of the FII program and other market access programs through which such investments are made; (l) the commitment of the PRC government to continue with its economic reforms; and (m) the fact that Chinese regulators may suspend trading in Chinese issuers (or permit such issuers to suspend trading) during market disruptions, and that such suspensions may be widespread. In addition, certain securities are, or may in the future become, restricted and a Fund may be forced to sell such restricted security and incur a loss as a result. In addition, the relationship between the PRC and Taiwan is particularly sensitive, and hostilities between the PRC and Taiwan may present a risk to a Fund’s investment in either the PRC or Taiwan. Moreover, as demonstrated by past protests in Hong Kong over political, economic, and legal freedoms, and the PRC government’s response to them, political uncertainty exists within Hong Kong and there is no guarantee that additional protests will not arise in the future. Hostilities between the PRC and Hong Kong may present a risk to a Fund’s investment in the PRC or Hong Kong.
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There also exists control on foreign investment in the PRC and limitations on repatriation of invested capital. Under the FII program, which is a market access program through which PRC investments are made available, or through investments in companies listed on exchanges outside of the PRC that provide exposure to companies that are based or operated in the PRC, there are certain regulatory restrictions imposed, particularly on (without limitation) investment scope, repatriation of funds, foreign shareholding limit and account structure. Although the relevant regulations have recently been revised to relax regulatory restrictions on the onshore capital management by FIIs (including but not limited to removing the investment quota limit and simplifying routine repatriation of investment proceeds), it is a new development and is therefore subject to uncertainties as to whether and how it will be implemented in practice, especially at this early stage. On the other hand, the recently amended FII regulations are also enhancing ongoing supervision on FIIs in terms of information disclosure among other aspects. In particular, FIIs are required to procure their underlying clients (such as any Fund investing in PRC securities via FII program) to comply with PRC disclosure of interests rules and make the required disclosure on behalf of such underlying investors. As a result of PRC regulatory requirements, a Fund may be limited in its ability to invest in securities or instruments tied to the PRC and/or may be required to liquidate its holdings in securities or instruments tied to the PRC, including at an inopportune time. Under certain instances, such involuntary liquidations may result in losses for a Fund. In addition, securities exchanges in the PRC typically have the right to suspend or limit trading in any security traded on the relevant exchange. The PRC government or relevant PRC regulators may also implement policies that may adversely affect the PRC financial markets. Such suspensions, limitations or policies may have a negative impact on the performance of a Fund’s investments.
The PRC has historically been prone to natural or human disasters such as droughts, floods, pandemics, epidemics, earthquakes and tsunamis, and the region’s economy may be affected by such environmental events in the future. A Fund’s investment in the PRC is, therefore, subject to the risk of such events.
Investments in the PRC may subject a Fund’s investments to a number of tax rules, and the application of many of those rules may be uncertain. Moreover, the PRC has implemented a number of tax reforms in recent years, and may amend or revise its existing tax laws and/or procedures in the future, possibly with retroactive effect. Changes in applicable PRC tax law could reduce the after-tax profits of the Funds, directly or indirectly, including by reducing the after-tax profits of companies in the PRC in which a Fund invests. PRC taxes that may apply to a Fund’s investments include income tax or withholding tax on dividends, interest or gains earned by the Fund, business tax and stamp duty. Uncertainties in the PRC tax rules could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the Funds. In addition, because the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) is generally restricted from inspecting the audit work and practices of registered accountants in the PRC, there is the risk that material accounting and financial information about PRC issuers may be unavailable or unreliable. The PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC to grant the PCAOB access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong completely, consistent with U.S. law. To the extent the PCAOB remains unable to inspect audit work papers and practices of the PCAOB-registered accounting firms in China with respect to their audit work of U.S. reporting companies, such inability may impose significant additional risks associated with investments in China. Further, to the extent a Fund invests in the securities of a company whose securities become subject to a trading prohibition, the Fund’s ability to transact in such securities, and the liquidity of the securities, as well as their market price, would likely be adversely affected. Foreign companies listed on U.S. exchanges, including offshore companies that utilize a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, also could face delisting or other ramifications for failure to meet the requirements of the listing exchange, the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board or other United States regulators, which could adversely affect the liquidity or value of the securities and have negative implications for U.S. investors and result in significant investment losses.
Variable Interest Entities
The Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF may invest in companies based or operated in China by investing through legal structures known as variable interest entities (“VIEs”). Certain Chinese companies have used VIEs in order to facilitate foreign investment without distributing ownership of the China-based companies primarily due to Chinese governmental restrictions on non-Chinese ownership of companies in certain industries and sectors. In such cases, the China-based operating company typically establishes an offshore company in another jurisdiction, and the offshore company enters into contractual
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arrangements (such as powers of attorney, equity pledge agreements, and other exclusive services or business cooperation agreements) with the China-based operating company. These contractual arrangements are intended to give the offshore company the ability to exercise power over and obtain economic rights from the China-based operating company. Shares of the offshore company, in turn, are listed and traded on exchanges outside of China and are available to non-Chinese investors such as a Fund. This arrangement allows non-Chinese investors to hold stock in the offshore company, rather than the China-based operating company, to obtain economic exposure without direct equity ownership.
VIE structures are longstanding and well known to officials and regulators in China. However, VIEs are not formally recognized under Chinese law. Intervention by the Chinese government with respect to VIEs could significantly affect the China-based operating company’s performance and the enforceability of the VIE’s contractual arrangements with the China-based company. There is a risk that China may cease to allow VIEs at any time or impose new restrictions on the structure. Investments involving a VIE may also pose additional risks because such investments are made through a company whose interests in the underlying operating company are established through contract rather than through direct equity ownership. For example, the non-Chinese offshore company’s contractual arrangement may be less effective than direct equity ownership, and the company may incur substantial costs to enforce the terms of the arrangements. Also, the terms of such arrangements may be deemed unenforceable in China, thus limiting (or eliminating) the remedies and rights available to the non-Chinese offshore company and its investors and potentially resulting in significant economic losses. Such legal uncertainty may also be exploited against the interests of the offshore company and its investors. Further, the interests of the equity owners of the operating company may conflict with the interests of the investors of the offshore company, and the fiduciary duties of the officers and directors of the operating company may differ from, or conflict with, the fiduciary duties of the officers and directors of the offshore company. Finally, there is the risk that an offshore company could face delisting or other ramifications for failure to meet the requirements of the listing exchange or United States regulators, which could adversely affect the liquidity or value of the securities and have negative implications for U.S. investors and result in significant investment losses. Any of the foregoing risks and events could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.
Currency Risk
By investing in non-U.S. securities, each Fund will be subject to currency risk, which is the risk that an increase in the U.S. dollar relative to the non-U.S. currency will reduce returns or portfolio value. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value relative to a non-U.S. currency, a Fund’s investment in securities denominated in that currency will lose value because its currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. On the other hand, when the value of the U.S. dollar falls relative to a non-U.S. currency, a Fund’s investments denominated in that currency will tend to increase in value because that currency is worth more U.S. dollars. The exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. currencies depend upon such factors as supply and demand in the currency exchange markets, international balance of payments, governmental intervention, speculation and other economic and political conditions. Although the Funds value their assets daily in U.S. dollars, the Funds may not convert their holdings of non-U.S. currencies to U.S. dollars on a daily basis. The Funds may incur conversion costs when they convert their holdings to another currency. Non-U.S. exchange dealers may realize a profit on the difference between the price at which a Fund buys and sells currencies. The Funds may engage in non-U.S. currency exchange transactions in connection with their portfolio investments. The Funds conduct their non-U.S. currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the non-U.S. currency exchange market or through forward contracts to purchase or sell non-U.S. contracts. The Funds may also be subject to currency risk through investments in ADRs and other non-U.S. securities denominated in U.S. dollars.
Sovereign Debt Obligations. The Funds may invest in sovereign debt obligations. Sovereign debt obligations involve special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The foreign issuer of the sovereign debt or the foreign governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Funds may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and a Fund’s NAV, to the extent it invests in such securities, may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S. issuers. In the past, certain foreign countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debt. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow
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situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts.
Supranational Securities. The Funds may invest in securities issued by supranational entities. A supranational entity is formed by two or more central governments to promote economic development for the member countries. Supranational entities finance their activities by issuing bond debt and are usually considered part of the sub-sovereign debt market. Some well-known examples of supranational entities are the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, European Investment Bank, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and other regional multilateral development banks. These securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk and interest rate risk.
Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Each Fund may invest in other investment companies, including open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, and ETFs registered under the 1940 Act (“1940 Act ETFs”). Under the 1940 Act, a Fund’s investment in such securities is generally limited to 3% of the total voting stock of any one investment company; 5% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company; and 10% of the Fund’s total assets in the aggregate. 1940 Act ETFs, however, may rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest beyond these statutory limits, subject to certain conditions and pursuant to contractual arrangements between the ETFs and the investing funds. A Fund will only invest in other investment companies and pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in Fund-eligible investments. A Fund’s investments in other investment companies may include money market mutual funds. Investments in money market funds are not subject to the percentage limitations set forth above.
The Fund may invest in index ETFs, which are index funds bought and sold on a securities exchange. An index ETF trades like common stock and represents a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market index. ETFs can give exposure to all or a portion of the U.S. market, a foreign market, a region, a commodity, a currency, or to any other index that an ETF tracks. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile and ETFs have management fees that increase their costs. An ETF may fail to accurately track the returns of the market segment or index that it is designed to track, and the price of an ETF’s shares may fluctuate. In addition, because they, unlike traditional mutual funds, are traded on an exchange, ETFs are subject to the following risks: (i) the performance of the ETF may not replicate the performance of the underlying index that it is designed to track; (ii) the market price of the ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the ETF’s NAV; (iii) an active trading market for an ETF may not develop or be maintained; and (iv) there is no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the ETF will continue to be met or remain unchanged. Trading in an ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted, which could result in the ETF being more volatile. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of a Fund’s shares could also be substantially and adversely affected.
If a Fund invests in other investment companies or pooled investment vehicles, Fund shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only to the Fund, but also to the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shares of certain closed-end funds may at times be acquired at market prices representing premiums to their NAVs. Shares acquired at a premium to their NAV may be more likely to subsequently decline in price, resulting in a loss to the Fund and its shareholders.
When-Issued or Delayed-Delivery Transactions
Each Fund may from time to time purchase securities on a “when-issued” or other delayed-delivery basis. The price of securities purchased on a when-issued basis is fixed at the time the commitment to purchase is made, but delivery and payment for the securities take place at a later date. Normally, the settlement date occurs within 45 days of the purchase. During the period between the
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purchase and settlement, no payment is made by a Fund to the issuer and no interest is accrued on debt securities and no dividend income is earned on equity securities. Forward commitments involve a risk of loss if the value of the security to be purchased declines prior to the settlement date. This risk is in addition to the risk of decline in value of a Fund’s other assets. Although when-issued securities may be sold prior to the settlement date, the Fund intends to purchase such securities with the purpose of actually acquiring them. At the time the Fund makes the commitment to purchase a security on a when-issued basis, it will record the transaction and reflect the value of the security in determining its NAV. The Fund does not believe that NAV will be adversely affected by purchases of securities on a when-issued basis.
Each Fund will designate on its books or maintain in a segregated account cash and liquid securities equal in value to commitments for when-issued securities. When the time comes to pay for when-issued securities, a Fund will meet its obligations from then-available cash flow, sale of the segregated securities, sale of other securities or, although it would not normally expect to do so, from the sale of the when-issued securities themselves (which may have a market value greater or less than the Fund’s payment obligation).
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the Prospectus under “Purchase and Sale of Shares.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such section of the Prospectus.
Each Fund’s shares trade on the Listing Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from their NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Listing Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of a Fund’s shares will continue to be met.
The Listing Exchange will consider the suspension of trading in, and will initiate delisting proceedings of, a Fund’s shares under any of the following circumstances: (1) if any of the requirements set forth in the Listing Exchange rules are not continuously maintained; (2) if, where the Listing Exchange has filed a separate proposal under Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act, any of the statements regarding (a) the index composition; (b) the description of a Fund; (c) limitations on a Fund’s portfolio holdings or reference assets; or (d) the applicability of the Listing Exchange listing rules specified in such proposal are not continuously maintained; (3) if, following the initial twelve-month period after the commencement of trading of a Fund on the Listing Exchange, there are fewer than 50 beneficial holders of the shares of such Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; (4) if the value of a Fund’s underlying index is no longer calculated or available or an interruption to the dissemination of the value of the index persists past the trading day in which it occurred or the underlying index is replaced with a new index, unless the new underlying index meets certain Listing Exchange requirements; or (5) if such other event shall occur or condition exists that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. In addition, the Listing Exchange will remove the shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Trust or a Fund.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of a Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers’ commissions on transactions in Fund shares will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The base and trading currency of each Fund is the U.S. dollar. The base currency is the currency in which a Fund’s NAV per share is calculated and the trading currency is the currency in which shares of a Fund are listed and traded on the Listing Exchange.
MANAGEMENT
The management of the Trust, including general supervision of the duties performed for the Funds by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, is the responsibility of the Board. The number of trustees of the Trust is twelve, all of whom are not interested persons of the Funds as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (referred to herein as “independent trustees”). None of the independent trustees has ever been a trustee, director or employee of, or consultant to, the Adviser or its affiliates. The names, business addresses and years of birth of the trustees and officers of the Funds, their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, the number of portfolios each trustee
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oversees and other directorships they hold are set forth below. Except as noted in the table below, the trustees of the Trust are directors or trustees, as the case may be, of 212 Nuveen-sponsored registered investment companies (the “Nuveen Funds”), which include 147 open-end mutual funds, including the Funds (the “Nuveen Mutual Funds”), 46 closed-end funds and 19 Nuveen ETFs.
Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other | |
Independent Trustees: |
||||||
Joseph A. Boateng* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Chief Investment Officer, Casey Family Programs (since 2017), formerly, Director of U.S. Pension Plans Johnson & Johnson (2002-2006). |
191 |
Board Member, Lumina Foundation (since 2018) and Waterside School (since 2021), Board Member (2012-2019); Emeritus Board Member (since 2020), Year-Up Puget Sound Investment Advisory Committee Member and Former Chair (since 2007), Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System; Investment Committee Member (since 2012), The Seattle Foundation | |
Michael A. Forrester* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021) and Chief Operating Officer (2007-2014), Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC. |
191 |
Trustee (since 2019), Dexter Southfield School; Member (since 2020), Governing Council of the Independent Directors Counsel (IDC). | |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Thomas J. Kenny |
Co-Chair of the Board and |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head of Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Team (2002-2010), Goldman Sachs Asset Management. |
212 |
Director (since 2015) and Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee (since 2018), Aflac Incorporated; Director (since 2018), ParentSquare, former Director (2012-2022) and Finance Committee Chair (2016-2022) Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member (2017-2019), B’Box Former Member (2011-2022), the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member (2012-2020), Cottage Health System; Board Member (2009-2019) and Former President of the Board (2014-2018) of Crane County Day School. |
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, IDC (supports the fund independent director community and is part of the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies) (2006-2019); formerly, various positions with ICI (1989-2006). |
212 |
President (since 2023) and Member (since 2020) of the Board of Directors, Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Joanne T. Medero |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, Government Relations and Public Policy (2009-2020) and Senior Advisor to the Vice Chairman (2018-2020), BlackRock, Inc. (global investment management firm); formerly, Managing Director, Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy, Barclays Group (IBIM) (investment banking, investment management businesses) (2006-2009); formerly, Managing Director, Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Barclays Global Investors (global investment management firm) (1996-2006); formerly, Partner, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP (law firm) (1993-1995); formerly, General Counsel, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (government agency overseeing U.S. derivatives markets) (1989-1993); formerly, Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs, Office of Presidential Personnel, The White House (1986-1989). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors, Baltic-American Freedom Foundation (seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic states to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the U.S.) (since 2019). |
Albin F. Moschner |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Northcroft Partners, LLC, (management consulting), (since 2012); formerly, held positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc.,(consumer wireless service) including Consultant (2011-2012), Chief Operating Officer (2008-2011) and Chief Marketing Officer (2004-2008); formerly, President, Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc.(telecommunications services) (2000-2003); formerly, President, One Point Services at One Point Communications (telecommunications services) (1999-2000); formerly, Vice Chairman of the Board, Diba, Incorporated (internet technology provider) (1996-1997); formerly, various executive positions (1991-1996) and Chief Executive Officer (1995-1996) of Zenith Electronics Corporation (consumer electronics). |
212 |
Formerly, Chairman (2019), Director (2012-2019), USA Technologies, Inc. (a provider of solutions and services to facilitate electronic payment transactions); formerly, Director, Wintrust Financial Corporation (1996-2016). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
John K. Nelson |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, senior external advisor to the Financial Services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP (2012-2014); Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., North America, and Global Head of the Financial Markets Division (2007-2008), with various executive leadership roles in ABN AMRO Bank N.V. between 1996 and 2007. |
212 |
Member of Board of Directors (since 2008) of Core12 LLC (private firm which develops branding, marketing and communications strategies for clients); formerly, Member of the President’s Council (2010-2019) of Fordham University; formerly, Director (2009-2018) of the Curran Center for Catholic American Studies. |
Loren M. Starr** |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Independent Consultant/Advisor (since 2021). Formerly, Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director (2020-2021), Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director (2005-2020), Invesco Ltd. |
211 |
Director (since 2023), AMG; formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Directors (2014-2021), Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Trustees (2014-2018), Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). |
Matthew Thornton III |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2018-2019), FedEx Freight Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”) (provider of transportation, e-commerce and business services through its portfolio of companies); formerly, Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations (2006-2018), Federal Express Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx. |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors (since 2014), The Sherwin-Williams Company (develops, manufactures, distributes and sells paints, coatings and related products); Director (since 2020), Crown Castle International (provider of communications infrastructure); formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2012-2018), Safe Kids Worldwide® (a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing childhood injuries). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Terence J. Toth |
Co-Chair of the Board and |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Co-Founding Partner, Promus Capital (investment advisory firm) (2008-2017); formerly, Director of Quality Control Corporation (manufacturing) (2012-2021); formerly, Director, Fulcrum IT Service LLC (information technology services firm to government entities) (2010-2019); formerly, Director, LogicMark LLC (health services) (2012-2016); formerly, Director, Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. (asset management) (2008-2013); formerly, CEO and President, Northern Trust Global Investments (financial services) (2004-2007); Executive Vice President, Quantitative Management & Securities Lending (2000- 2004); prior thereto, various positions with Northern Trust Company (financial services) (since 1994). |
212 |
Chair of the Board (since 2021) of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2008), Catalyst Schools of Chicago (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2012), formerly, Investment Committee Chair (2017-2022), Mather Foundation (philanthropy); formerly, Member (2005-2016), Chicago Fellowship Board (philanthropy); formerly, Member Northern Trust Mutual Funds Board (2005-2007), Northern Trust Global Investments Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Japan Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Securities Inc. Board (2003-2007) and Northern Trust Hong Kong Board (1997-2004). |
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*Mr. Boateng and Mr. Forrester were each elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Core Equity Alpha Fund, Nuveen Core Plus Impact Fund, Nuveen Credit Strategies Income Fund, Nuveen Dow 30SM Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Floating Rate Income Fund, Nuveen Global High Income Fund, Nuveen Minnesota Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Missouri Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Mortgage and Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Asset Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, Nuveen Municipal Credit Opportunities Fund, Nuveen NASDAQ 100 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Preferred and Income Term Fund, Nuveen Preferred & Income Opportunities Fund, Nuveen Real Asset Income and Growth Fund, Nuveen Real Estate Income Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Buy-Write Income Fund, Nuveen Variable Rate Preferred & Income Fund, and Nuveen Virginia Quality Municipal Income Fund, for which each serves as a consultant.
**Mr. Starr was elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, for which he serves as a consultant.
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Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight
The Board oversees the operations and management of the Nuveen Funds, including the duties performed for the Nuveen Funds by the Adviser or its affiliates. The Board has adopted a unitary board structure. A unitary board consists of one group of trustees who serve on the board of every fund in the Nuveen Fund complex (except with respect to certain Nuveen Funds where certain trustees may instead serve as consultants, as indicated in the “Independent Trustees” table included herein). In adopting a unitary board structure, the trustees seek to provide effective governance through establishing a board, the overall composition of which will, as a body, possess the appropriate skills, diversity (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), independence and experience to oversee the Nuveen Funds’ business. With this overall framework in mind, when the Board, through its Nominating and Governance Committee discussed below, seeks nominees for the Board, the trustees consider, not only the candidate’s particular background, skills and experience, among other things, but also whether such background, skills and experience enhance the Board’s diversity and at the same time complement the Board given its current composition and the mix of skills and experiences of the incumbent trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee believes that the Board generally benefits from diversity of background (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), skills, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy on diversity or any particular definition of diversity.
The Board believes the unitary board structure enhances good and effective governance, particularly given the nature of the structure of the investment company complex. Funds in the same complex generally are served by the same service providers and personnel and are governed by the same regulatory scheme which raises common issues that must be addressed by the trustees across the fund complex (such as compliance, valuation, liquidity, brokerage, trade allocation or risk management). The Board believes it is more efficient to have a single board review and oversee common policies and procedures which increases the Board’s knowledge and expertise with respect to the many aspects of fund operations that are complex-wide in nature. The unitary structure also enhances the Board’s influence and oversight over the Adviser and other service providers.
In an effort to enhance the independence of the Board, the Board also has Co-Chairs that are independent trustees. The Board recognizes that a chair can perform an important role in setting the agenda for the Board, establishing the boardroom culture, establishing a point person on behalf of the Board for fund management, and reinforcing the Board’s focus on the long-term interests of shareholders. The Board recognizes that a chair may be able to better perform these functions without any conflicts of interests arising from a position with fund management. Accordingly, the trustees have elected (i) Thomas J. Kenny to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a one-year term ending on December 31, 2024, (ii) Terence J. Toth to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, and (iii) Robert L. Young to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024. Each of these individuals will also serve as Co-Chairs of the boards of the TC Funds for the same terms. Specific responsibilities of the Co-Chair include: (i) coordinating with fund management in the preparation of the agenda for each meeting of the Board; (ii) presiding at all meetings of the Board and of the shareholders; and (iii) serving as a liaison with
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other trustees, the Trust’s officers and other fund management personnel, and counsel to the independent trustees. The Co-Chairs perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.
Although the Board has direct responsibility over various matters (such as advisory contracts and underwriting contracts), the Board also exercises certain of its oversight responsibilities through several committees that it has established and which report back to the full Board. The Board believes that a committee structure is an effective means to permit trustees to focus on particular operations or issues affecting the Nuveen Funds, including risk oversight. More specifically, with respect to risk oversight, the Board has delegated matters relating to valuation, compliance and investment risk to certain committees (as summarized below). In addition, the Board believes that the periodic rotation of trustees among the different committees allows the trustees to gain additional and different perspectives of a Nuveen Fund’s operations. The Board has established seven standing committees: the Executive Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Audit Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Investment Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee. The Board may also from time to time create ad hoc committees to focus on particular issues as the need arises. The membership and functions of the standing committees are summarized below. For more information on the Board, please visit www.nuveen.com/fundgovernance.
The Executive Committee, which may meet between regular meetings of the Board, is authorized to exercise all of the powers of the Board. The Executive Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Executive Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Executive Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Executive Committee did not meet.
The Audit Committee assists the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the accounting and financial reporting policies, processes and practices of the Nuveen Funds, and the audits of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the quality and integrity of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the Nuveen Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements; the independent auditors’ qualifications, performance and independence; and the Valuation Policy of the Nuveen Funds and the internal valuation group of the Adviser, as valuation designee for the Nuveen Funds. It is the responsibility of the Audit Committee to select, evaluate and replace any independent auditors (subject only to Board approval and, if applicable, shareholder ratification) and to determine their compensation. The Audit Committee is also responsible for, among other things, overseeing the valuation of securities comprising the Nuveen Funds’ portfolios. The Audit Committee is also primarily responsible for the oversight of the Valuation Policy and actions taken by the Adviser, as valuation designee of the Funds, through its internal valuation group, which provides regular reports to the committee, reviews any issues relating to the valuation of the Nuveen Funds’ securities brought to its attention and considers the risks to the Nuveen Funds in assessing the possible resolutions to these matters. The Audit Committee may also consider any financial risk exposures for the Nuveen Funds in conjunction with performing its functions.
To fulfill its oversight duties, the Audit Committee regularly meets with Management to discuss the Nuveen Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports and has regular meetings with the external auditors for the Nuveen Funds and the Adviser’s internal audit group. In assessing financial risk disclosure, the Audit Committee also may review in a general manner the processes the Board or other Board committees have in place with respect to risk assessment and risk management as well as compliance with legal and regulatory matters relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. Members of the Audit Committee shall be independent (as set forth in the charter) and free of any relationship that, in the opinion of the trustees, would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment as an Audit Committee member. The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Nelson, Chair, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Starr, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young, each of whom is an independent trustee of the Nuveen Funds. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr and Mr. Young have each been designated as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC rules. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Audit Committee met fourteen times.
The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for seeking, identifying and recommending to the Board qualified candidates for election or appointment to the Board. In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee oversees matters of corporate governance, including the evaluation of Board performance and processes, the assignment and rotation of committee members,
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and the establishment of corporate governance guidelines and procedures, to the extent necessary or desirable, and matters related thereto. Although the unitary and committee structure has been developed over the years and the Nominating and Governance Committee believes the structure has provided efficient and effective governance, the committee recognizes that as demands on the Board evolve over time (such as through an increase in the number of funds overseen or an increase in the complexity of the issues raised), the committee must continue to evaluate the Board and committee structures and their processes and modify the foregoing as may be necessary or appropriate to continue to provide effective governance. Accordingly, the Nominating and Governance Committee has a separate meeting each year to, among other things, review the Board and committee structures, their performance and functions, and recommend any modifications thereto or alternative structures or processes that would enhance the Board’s governance of the Nuveen Funds.
In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee, among other things, makes recommendations concerning the continuing education of trustees; monitors performance of legal counsel and other service providers; establishes and monitors a process by which security holders are able to communicate in writing with members of the Board; and periodically reviews and makes recommendations about any appropriate changes to trustee compensation. In the event of a vacancy on the Board, the Nominating and Governance Committee receives suggestions from various sources, including shareholders, as to suitable candidates. Suggestions should be sent in writing to William Siffermann, Manager of Fund Board Relations, Nuveen, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. The Nominating and Governance Committee sets appropriate standards and requirements for nominations for new trustees and reserves the right to interview any and all candidates and to make the final selection of any new trustees. In considering a candidate’s qualifications, each candidate must meet certain basic requirements, including relevant skills and experience, time availability (including the time requirements for due diligence meetings to internal and external sub-advisers and service providers) and, if qualifying as an independent trustee candidate, independence from the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and other service providers, including any affiliates of these entities. These skill and experience requirements may vary depending on the current composition of the Board, since the goal is to ensure an appropriate range of skills, diversity and experience, in the aggregate. Accordingly, the particular factors considered and weight given to these factors will depend on the composition of the Board and the skills and backgrounds of the incumbent trustees at the time of consideration of the nominees. All candidates, however, must meet high expectations of personal integrity, independence, governance experience and professional competence. All candidates must be willing to be critical within the Board and with management and yet maintain a collegial and collaborative manner toward other Board members. The committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Nuveen Funds. The members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Ms. Lancellotta, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee met seven times.
The Dividend Committee is authorized to declare distributions on the Nuveen Funds’ shares, including, but not limited to, regular and special dividends, capital gains and ordinary income distributions. The members of the Dividend Committee are Mr. Thornton, Chair, Ms. Lancellotta, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Starr. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Dividend Committee met four times.
The Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee (the “Compliance Committee”) is responsible for the oversight of compliance issues, risk management and other regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds that are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other committees. The Board has adopted and periodically reviews policies and procedures designed to address the Nuveen Funds’ compliance and risk matters. As part of its duties, the Compliance Committee reviews the policies and procedures relating to compliance matters and recommends modifications thereto as necessary or appropriate to the full Board; develops new policies and procedures as new regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds arise from time to time; evaluates or considers any comments or reports from examinations from regulatory authorities and responses thereto; and performs any special reviews, investigations or other oversight responsibilities relating to risk management, compliance and/or regulatory matters as requested by the Board.
In addition, the Compliance Committee is responsible for risk oversight, including, but not limited to, the oversight of general risks related to investments which are not reviewed by other committees, such
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as liquidity and derivatives usage; risks related to product structure elements, such as leverage; techniques that may be used to address the foregoing risks, such as hedging and swaps and Fund operational risk and risks related to the overall operation of the TIAA/Nuveen enterprise and, in each case, the controls designed to address or mitigate such risks. In assessing issues brought to the Compliance Committee’s attention or in reviewing a particular policy, procedure, investment technique or strategy, the Compliance Committee evaluates the risks to the Nuveen Funds in adopting a particular approach compared to the anticipated benefits to the Nuveen Funds and their shareholders. In fulfilling its obligations, the Compliance Committee meets on a quarterly basis, and at least once a year in person. The Compliance Committee receives written and oral reports from the Nuveen Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) and meets privately with the CCO at each of its quarterly meetings. The CCO also provides an annual report to the full Board regarding the operations of the Nuveen Funds’ and other service providers’ compliance programs as well as any recommendations for modifications thereto. Certain matters not addressed at the committee level may be addressed by another committee or directly by the full Board. The Compliance Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Compliance Committee are Ms. Wolff, Chair, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Lancellota, Ms. Medero, Mr. Thornton and Mr. Toth. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compliance Committee met four times.
The Investment Committee is responsible for the oversight of Fund performance, investment risk management and other portfolio-related matters affecting the Fund which are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other Board committees. As part of such oversight, the Investment Committee reviews the Fund’s investment performance and investment risks, which may include, but is not limited to, an evaluation of Fund performance relative to investment objectives, benchmarks and a peer group; a review of risks related to portfolio investments, such as exposures to particular issuers, market sectors, or types of securities, as well as consideration of other factors that could impact or are related to Fund performance; and an assessment of Fund objectives, policies and practices as such may relate to Fund performance. In assessing issues brought to the Investment Committee’s attention or in reviewing an investment policy, technique or strategy, the Investment Committee evaluates the risks to the Fund in adopting or recommending a particular approach or resolution compared to the anticipated benefits to the Fund and its shareholders.
In fulfilling its obligations, the Investment Committee receives quarterly reports from the investment oversight and the investment risk groups at Nuveen. Such groups also report to the full Board on a quarterly basis and the full Board participates in further discussions with Fund management at its quarterly meetings regarding matters relating to Fund performance and investment risks, including with respect to the various drivers of performance and Fund use of leverage and hedging. Accordingly, the Board directly and/or in conjunction with the Investment Committee oversees the investment performance and investment risk management of the Fund. The Investment Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This Investment Committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Fund. Accordingly, the members of the Investment Committee are Mr. Boateng and Ms. Lancellotta, Co-Chairs, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Investment Committee met three times.
The Open-End Funds Committee is responsible for assisting the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the Nuveen Mutual Funds and the Nuveen ETFs (collectively, the “Nuveen Open-End Funds”). The committee may review and evaluate matters related to the formation and the initial presentation to the Board of any new Nuveen Open-End Funds and may review and evaluate any matters relating to any existing Nuveen Open-End Funds. The Open-End Funds Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Open-End Funds Committee are Mr. Forrester and Ms. Medero, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Kenny, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Open-End Funds Committee met four times.
Board Diversification and Trustee Qualifications
In determining that a particular trustee was qualified to serve on the Board, the Board has considered each trustee’s background, skills, experience and other attributes in light of the composition of the Board with no particular factor controlling. The Board believes that trustees need to have the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties, and the Board believes each trustee satisfies this standard. An effective trustee may achieve this ability through his or her educational background; business,
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professional training or practice; public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member or executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. Accordingly, set forth below is a summary of the experiences, qualifications, attributes, and skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this document, that each trustee should continue to serve in that capacity. References to the experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills of trustees are pursuant to requirements of the SEC, do not constitute holding out of the Board or any trustee as having any special expertise or experience and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.
Joseph A. Boateng
Since 2007, Mr. Boateng has served as the Chief Investment Officer for Casey Family Programs. He was previously Director of U.S. Pension Plans for Johnson & Johnson from 2002 to 2006. Mr. Boateng is a board member of the Lumina Foundation and Waterside School, an emeritus board member of Year Up Puget Sound, member of the Investment Advisory Committee and former Chair for the Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System, and an Investment Committee Member for The Seattle Foundation. Mr. Boateng received a B.S. from the University of Ghana and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Michael A. Forrester
From 2007 to 2021, Mr. Forrester held various positions with Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC (“Cooper Rock”), including Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021), Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) (2007-2014) and Board Member (2007-2021). Mr. Forrester is currently a member of the Independent Directors Council Governing Council of the Investment Company Institute. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Dexter Southfield School. Mr. Forrester has a B.A. from Washington and Lee University.
Thomas J. Kenny
Mr. Kenny, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a one-year term expiring on December 31, 2024, served as an Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head (2002-2010) of Goldman Sachs Asset Management’s Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management team, having worked at Goldman Sachs since 1999. Mr. Kenny is a Director and the Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee of Aflac Incorporated and a Director of ParentSquare. He is a Former Director and Finance Committee Chair for the Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member, B’Box; Former Member of the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member, Cottage Health System; and Former President of the Board of Crane Country Day School. He received a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and an M.S. from Golden Gate University. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and has served as Chairman of CREF since 2017.
Amy B.R. Lancellotta
After 30 years of service, Ms. Lancellotta retired at the end of 2019 from the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies on regulatory, legislative and securities industry initiatives that affect funds and their shareholders. From November 2006 until her retirement, Ms. Lancellotta served as Managing Director of ICI’s Independent Directors Council (IDC), which supports fund independent directors in fulfilling their responsibilities to promote and protect the interests of fund shareholders. At IDC, Ms. Lancellotta was responsible for all ICI and IDC activities relating to the fund independent director community. In conjunction with her responsibilities, Ms. Lancellotta advised and represented IDC, ICI, independent directors and the investment company industry on issues relating to communication, governance and policy initiatives. Prior to serving as Managing Director of IDC, Ms. Lancellotta held various other positions with ICI beginning in 1989. Before joining ICI, Ms. Lancellotta was an associate at two Washington D.C. law firms. In addition, she has been President, since 2023, and a member, since 2020, of the Board of Directors of the Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA), an organization that seeks to end power-based violence, empower survivors and ensure safe communities. Ms. Lancellotta received a B.A. degree from Pennsylvania State University in 1981 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1984.
Joanne T. Medero
Ms. Medero has over 30 years of financial services experience and, most recently, from December 2009 until her retirement in July, 2020, she was a Managing Director in the Government Relations and Public Policy Group at BlackRock, Inc. (BlackRock). From July 2018 to July 2020, she was
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also a Senior Advisor to BlackRock’s Vice Chairman, focusing on public policy and corporate governance issues. In 1996, Ms. Medero joined Barclays Global Investors (BGI), which merged with BlackRock in 2009. At BGI, she was a Managing Director and served as Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary until 2006. Then, from 2006 to 2009, Ms. Medero was a Managing Director and Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy at Barclays Group (IBIM), where she provided policy guidance and directed legislative and regulatory advocacy programs for the investment banking, investment management and wealth management businesses. Before joining BGI, Ms. Medero was a Partner at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP from 1993 to 1995, where she specialized in derivatives and financial markets regulation issues. Additionally, she served as General Counsel of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) from 1989 to 1993 and, from 1986 to 1989, she was Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs at The White House Office of Presidential Personnel. Further, from 2006 to 2010, Ms. Medero was a member of the CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee and she has been actively involved in financial industry associations, serving as Chair of the Steering Committee of the SIFMA (Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association) Asset Management Group (2016-2018) and Chair of the CTA (Commodity Trading Advisor), CPO (Commodity Pool Operator) and Futures Committee of the Managed Funds Association (2010-2012). Ms. Medero also chaired the Corporations, Antitrust and Securities Practice Group of The Federalist Society of Law and Public Policy (from 2000 to 2002 and 2010 to 2022). In addition, since 2019, she has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation, which seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic States to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the United States. Ms. Medero received a B.A. degree from St. Lawrence University in 1975 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1978.
Albin F. Moschner
Mr. Moschner is a consultant in the wireless industry and, in July 2012, founded Northcroft Partners, LLC, a management consulting firm that provides operational, management and governance solutions. Prior to founding Northcroft Partners, LLC, Mr. Moschner held various positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc., a provider of wireless services, where he was a consultant from February 2011 to July 2012, Chief Operating Officer from July 2008 to February 2011, and Chief Marketing Officer from August 2004 to June 2008. Before he joined Leap Wireless International, Inc., Mr. Moschner was President of the Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc. from 2000 to 2003, and President of One Point Services at One Point Communications from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Moschner also served at Zenith Electronics Corporation as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer from 1995 to 1996, and as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer from 1994 to 1995. Mr. Moschner was Chairman of the Board (2019) and a member of the Board of Directors (2012-2019) of USA Technologies, Inc. and, from 1996 until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Wintrust Financial Corporation. In addition, he is emeritus (since 2018) of the Advisory Boards of the Kellogg School of Management (1995-2018) and the Archdiocese of Chicago Financial Council (2012-2018). Mr. Moschner received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering from The City College of New York in 1974 and a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University in 1979.
John K. Nelson
Mr. Nelson is on the Board of Directors of Core12, LLC. (since 2008), a private firm that develops branding, marketing, and communications strategies for clients. Mr. Nelson has extensive experience in global banking and markets, having served in several senior executive positions with ABN AMRO Holdings N.V. and its affiliated entities and predecessors, including LaSalle Bank Corporation from 1996 to 2008, ultimately serving as Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO N.V. North America. During his tenure at the bank, he also served as Global Head of its Financial Markets Division, which encompassed the bank's Currency, Commodity, Fixed Income, Emerging Markets, and Derivatives businesses. He was a member of the Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States and during his tenure with ABN AMRO served as the bank’s representative on various committees of The Bank of Canada, European Central Bank, and The Bank of England. Mr. Nelson previously served as a senior, external advisor to the financial services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP. (2012-2014). At Fordham University, he served as a director of The President’s Council (2010- 2019) and previously served as a director of The Curran Center for Catholic American Studies (2009-2018). He served as a trustee and Chairman of The Board of Trustees of Marian University (2011-2013). Mr. Nelson is a graduate of Fordham University, holding a BA in Economics and an MBA in Finance.
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Loren M. Starr
Mr. Starr was Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director from 2020 to 2021, and Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director from 2005 to 2020, for Invesco, Ltd. Mr. Starr is also a Director for AMG. He is former Chair and member of the Board of Directors, Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); former Chair and member of the Board of Trustees, Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). Mr. Starr received a B.A. and a B.S. from Columbia College, an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, and an M.S. from Carnegie Mellon University.
Matthew Thornton III
Mr. Thornton has over 40 years of broad leadership and operating experience from his career with FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”), which, through its portfolio of companies, provides transportation, e-commerce and business services. In November 2019, Mr. Thornton retired as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of FedEx Freight Corporation (FedEx Freight), a subsidiary of FedEx, where, from May 2018 until his retirement, he had been responsible for day-to-day operations, strategic guidance, modernization of freight operations and delivering innovative customer solutions. From September 2006 to May 2018, Mr. Thornton served as Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations at Federal Express Corporation (FedEx Express), a subsidiary of FedEx. Prior to September 2006, Mr. Thornton held a range of positions of increasing responsibility with FedEx, including various management positions. In addition, Mr. Thornton currently (since 2014) serves on the Board of Directors of The Sherwin-Williams Company, where he is a member of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Board of Directors of Crown Castle International (since 2020), where he is a member of the Strategy Committee and the Compensation Committee. Formerly (2012-2018), he was a member of the Board of Directors of Safe Kids Worldwide®, a non-profit organization dedicated to the prevention of childhood injuries. Mr. Thornton is a member (since 2014) of the Executive Leadership Council (ELC), the nation’s premier organization of global black senior executives. He is also a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD). Mr. Thornton has been recognized by Black Enterprise on its 2017 list of the Most Powerful Executives in Corporate America and by Ebony on its 2016 Power 100 list of the world’s most influential and inspiring African Americans. Mr. Thornton received a B.B.A. degree from the University of Memphis in 1980 and an M.B.A. from the University of Tennessee in 2001.
Terence J. Toth
Mr. Toth, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, was a Co-Founding Partner of Promus Capital (2008-2017). From 2012 to 2021, he was a Director of Quality Control Corporation, from 2010 to 2019, he was a Director of Fulcrum IT Service LLC and from 2012 to 2016, he was a Director of LogicMark LLC. From 2008 to 2013, he was a Director of Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. From 2004 to 2007, he was Chief Executive Officer and President of Northern Trust Global Investments, and Executive Vice President of Quantitative Management & Securities Lending from 2000 to 2004. He also formerly served on the Board of the Northern Trust Mutual Funds. He joined Northern Trust in 1994 after serving as Managing Director and Head of Global Securities Lending at Bankers Trust (1986 to 1994) and Head of Government Trading and Cash Collateral Investment at Northern Trust from 1982 to 1986. He currently serves as Chair of the Board of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (since 2021) and is on the Board of Catalyst Schools of Chicago (since 2008). He is on the Mather Foundation Board (since 2012) and was Chair of its Investment Committee from 2017 to 2022. Mr. Toth graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois, and received his M.B.A. from New York University. In 2005, he graduated from the CEO Perspectives Program at Northwestern University.
Margaret L. Wolff
Ms. Wolff retired from Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in 2014 after more than 30 years of providing client service in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group. During her legal career, Ms. Wolff devoted significant time to advising boards and senior management on U.S. and international corporate, securities, regulatory and strategic matters, including governance, shareholder, fiduciary, operational and management issues. From 2013 to 2017, she was a Board member of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each of which is a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). Ms. Wolff has been a trustee of New York-Presbyterian Hospital since 2005 and, since 2004, she has served as a trustee of The John A. Hartford Foundation (a philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults) where she formerly served as Chair from 2015 to 2022. From 2005 to 2015, she was a trustee of Mt. Holyoke College and
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served as Vice Chair of the Board from 2011 to 2015. Ms. Wolff received her Bachelor of Arts from Mt. Holyoke College and her Juris Doctor from Case Western Reserve University School of Law.
Robert L. Young
Mr. Young, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024, has more than 30 years of experience in the investment management industry. From 1997 to 2017, he held various positions with J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (“J.P. Morgan Investment”) and its affiliates (collectively, “J.P. Morgan”). Most recently, he served as Chief Operating Officer and Director of J.P. Morgan Investment (from 2010 to 2016) and as President and Principal Executive Officer of the J.P. Morgan Funds (from 2013 to 2016). As Chief Operating Officer of J.P. Morgan Investment, Mr. Young led service, administration and business platform support activities for J.P. Morgan’s domestic retail mutual fund and institutional commingled and separate account businesses, and co-led these activities for J.P. Morgan’s global retail and institutional investment management businesses. As President of the J.P. Morgan Funds, Mr. Young interacted with various service providers to these funds, facilitated the relationship between such funds and their boards, and was directly involved in establishing board agendas, addressing regulatory matters, and establishing policies and procedures. Before joining J.P. Morgan, Mr. Young, a former Certified Public Accountant (CPA), was a Senior Manager (Audit) with Deloitte & Touche LLP (formerly, Touche Ross LLP), where he was employed from 1985 to 1996. During his tenure there, he actively participated in creating, and ultimately led, the firm’s midwestern mutual fund practice. Mr. Young holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Accounting from the University of Dayton and, from 2008 to 2011, he served on the Investment Committee of its Board of Trustees.
Board Compensation
The following table shows, for each independent trustee, (1) the aggregate compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid by the Funds for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, (2) the amount of total compensation paid by the Funds that has been deferred, and (3) the total compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid to each trustee by the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Board’s deferred compensation plan, a portion of the independent trustees’ compensation may be deferred and treated as though an equivalent dollar amount has been invested in shares of one or more eligible Nuveen Funds. The amount of total compensation that has been deferred provided below represents the total deferred fees (including the return from the assumed investment in the eligible Nuveen Funds) payable from the Funds.
Name of Trustee |
Estimated |
Amount of Total |
Total | ||||||
Joseph A. Boateng1,2 |
$ — |
$ — |
$455,000 | ||||||
Jack B. Evans3 |
1,878 |
325 |
452,765 | ||||||
Michael A. Forrester1,2 |
— |
— |
465,000 | ||||||
William C. Hunter3 |
1,839 |
— |
444,750 | ||||||
Thomas J. Kenny1,2 |
— |
— |
606,000 | ||||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
1,746 |
570 |
432,032 | ||||||
Joanne T. Medero |
1,717 |
854 |
414,408 | ||||||
Albin F. Moschner |
2,038 |
— |
495,250 | ||||||
John K. Nelson |
1,848 |
— |
462,350 | ||||||
Loren M. Starr1,2 |
— |
— |
425,000 | ||||||
Judith M. Stockdale4 |
430 |
321 |
101,024 | ||||||
Carole E. Stone4 |
458 |
112 |
107,309 | ||||||
Matthew Thornton III |
1,735 |
— |
433,750 | ||||||
Terence J. Toth |
2,516 |
— |
607,350 | ||||||
Margaret L. Wolff |
1,960 |
974 |
474,341 | ||||||
Robert L. Young |
1,934 |
1,306 |
483,655 |
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1 Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were not trustees of the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year presented and therefore did not receive any compensation from the Funds during the period.
2 “Total Compensation From Nuveen Funds Paid to Trustee” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr for the period presented includes compensation from College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”) and TIAA Separate Account VA-1 (“VA-1”), as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, during the period.
3 Mr. Evans and Dr. Hunter retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2023.
4 Ms. Stockdale and Ms. Stone retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2022.
Prior to January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $205,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,000 per day for attendance in person or by telephone at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $3,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings where in-person attendance was required and $3,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in-person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Audit Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Dividend Committee meetings; (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at all other committee meetings ($1,000 for shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was required and $250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such committee meetings (excluding shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was not required, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in the case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held; and (g) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Open-End Funds Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $125,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $3,500 per day for site visits to entities that provide services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. When ad hoc committees are organized, the Nominating and Governance Committee at the time of formation determined compensation to be paid to the members of such committee; however, in general, such fees were $1,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at ad hoc committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $500 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required. Any compensation paid to the independent trustees as members of ad hoc committees is temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting. In certain circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board may have held in-person meetings by telephonic or videographic means and were compensated at the in-person rate.
Effective January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $210,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,250 per day for attendance at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $4,000 per meeting for attendance at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance at Audit Committee meetings, Open-End Funds Committee meetings and Investment Committee meetings; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance at Dividend Committee meetings; and (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance at all other committee meetings, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in each case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition
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to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $140,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Open-End Funds Committee and the Investment Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $5,000 per day for site visits to entities that provided services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. Per meeting fees for unscheduled Committee meetings or meetings of Ad Hoc or Special Assignment Committees were determined by the Chair of such Committee based on the complexity or time commitment associated with the particular meeting. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting.
Effective January 1, 2024, independent trustees receive a $350,000 annual retainer, plus they receive (a) an annual retainer of $30,000 for membership on the Audit Committee and Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, respectively; (b) an annual retainer of $20,000 for membership on the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Open-End Funds Committee, respectively. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair/Co-Chair of the Board receives $140,000 annually; the chair/co-chair of the Audit Committee and the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee receive $30,000 annually; and the chair/co-chair of the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee receive $20,000 annually. Board members will be paid either $1,000 or $2,500 for any ad hoc meetings of the Board or its standing committees, the chair/co-chair will be paid a quarterly fee of $1,250 and members will be paid a quarterly fee of $5,000. The annual retainers, fees and expenses of the Board are allocated among the funds in the Nuveen Fund Complex on the basis of relative net assets, although a minimum amount may be established to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses will be allocated only to those funds that are discussed at a given meeting.
Because Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr are new to the Board (the “New Board Members”), they did not receive any compensation from the Nuveen Funds prior to January 1, 2024. Additionally, information concerning New Board Members’ beneficial ownership of shares in the Funds is not presented since they were not Board members as of December 31, 2023.
The Trust does not have a retirement or pension plan. The Trust is a participant in a deferred compensation plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) that permits any independent trustee to elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of his or her compensation as an independent trustee. The deferred compensation of a participating trustee is credited to a book reserve account of the participating Nuveen Funds when the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the trustee. The value of the trustee’s deferral account at any time is equal to the value that the account would have had if contributions to the account had been invested and reinvested in shares of one or more of the eligible Nuveen Funds. An independent trustee may elect to receive distributions in a lump sum or over a period of five years. No participating Nuveen Fund will be liable for any other fund’s obligations to make distributions under the Deferred Compensation Plan.
The Funds have no employees. Each officer of the Trust serves without any compensation from the Funds. The CCO’s compensation, which is composed of base salary and incentive compensation, is paid by the Adviser, with review and input by the Board. Each Fund reimburses the Adviser for an allocable portion of the Adviser’s cost of the CCO’s incentive compensation.
Share Ownership
The information in the table below discloses the dollar ranges of (i) each trustee’s beneficial ownership in the Funds, and (ii) each trustee’s aggregate beneficial ownership in all Nuveen Funds, including in each case the value of fund shares elected by the trustee in the trustees’ deferred compensation plan, as of December 31, 2023, based on the value of fund shares as of that same date.
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Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of |
Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex1 | |||
Joseph A. Boateng2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Michael A. Forrester2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Thomas J. Kenny2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Joanne T. Medero |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Albin F. Moschner |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
John K. Nelson |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Loren M. Starr2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | |||
Matthew Thornton III |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Terence J. Toth |
NUDM:$10,001-$50,000 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Margaret L. Wolff |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Robert L. Young |
$ 0 |
Over $100,000 |
1. “Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr includes holdings in CREF and/or VA-1, as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
2. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were elected to the Board of Trustees of the Nuveen Funds effective January 1, 2024. Information regarding their holdings in the Funds is not presented because each was not a trustee of the Trust as of December 31, 2023.
As of February 1, 2024, the officers and trustees of the Trust, in the aggregate, owned less than 1% of the shares of the Funds.
As of February 1, 2024, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned, beneficially, or of record, any securities in (i) an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds or (ii) a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Investment Adviser
Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, each Fund’s investment adviser, has overall responsibility for management of the Funds, oversees the management of each Fund’s portfolio, manages each Fund’s business affairs and provides certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative services. In addition, the Adviser arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Funds to operate. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen, LLC (“Nuveen”), the investment management arm of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (“TIAA”). TIAA is a life insurance company founded in 1918 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and is the companion organization of College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”). The Adviser is located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
For the management services and facilities furnished by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, each Fund has agreed to pay an annual management fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable monthly, at a rate set forth in the Prospectus under “Fund Management—Management Fees.” From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The Adviser is responsible for substantially all other expenses of the Funds, except any future distribution and/or service fees, interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, fees incurred in acquiring and disposing of portfolio securities, fees and expenses of the independent trustees (including any trustees’ counsel fees), certain compensation expenses of the Funds’ chief compliance officer, litigation expenses, and extraordinary expenses. The following table sets forth the management fees paid by the Funds for the last three fiscal years ended October 31.
Amount of Management Fees | |||
11/1/20-10/31/21 |
11/1/21-10/31/22 |
11/1/22-10/31/23 | |
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
$428,940 |
$649,240 |
$1,020,051 |
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
399,819 |
553,163 |
773,995 |
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Sub-Adviser
The Adviser has selected Teachers Advisors, LLC to serve as sub-adviser to the Funds with primary responsibility for managing each Fund’s portfolio. TAL is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen and an affiliate of the Adviser. TAL also manages the investments of the TIAA-CREF Funds, the TIAA-CREF Life Funds and the TIAA Separate Account VA-1 and serves as sub-adviser to certain other funds managed by Nuveen Fund Advisors. TAL is located at 730 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017-3206. The Adviser pays TAL a portfolio management fee out of the advisory fee paid to the Adviser for its services to each Fund equal to 50% of the remainder of (a) the management fee payable by the Fund to the Adviser based on average daily net assets pursuant to the Management Agreement, less (b) any management fee waivers, expense reimbursement payments, revenue sharing payments and operating expenses of the Fund borne by the Adviser in respect to the Fund.
As a result of their common ownership by Nuveen and, ultimately, TIAA, Nuveen Fund Advisors and TAL are considered affiliated persons under common control, and the registered investment companies managed by each are considered to be part of the same group of investment companies.
Portfolio Managers
The following individuals have primary responsibility for the day-to-day implementation of the investment strategies of the Funds.
Teachers Advisors, LLC |
||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna, Managing Director |
||
Lei Liao, Managing Director |
Potential Conflicts of Interest of the Sub-Adviser and Portfolio Managers
Certain portfolio managers of the Funds also manage other registered investment companies or unregistered investment pools and investment accounts, including accounts for TIAA, its affiliated investment advisers, or other client or proprietary accounts (collectively, “Accounts”), which may raise potential conflicts of interest. The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers have put in place policies and procedures designed to mitigate any such conflicts. Additionally, TIAA or its affiliates may be involved in certain investment opportunities that have the effect of restricting or limiting Fund participation in such investment opportunities. Such conflicts and mitigating policies and procedures include the following:
Conflicting Positions. Investment decisions made for the Funds may differ from, and may conflict with, investment decisions made by the Sub-Adviser or any of its affiliated investment advisers for Accounts due to differences in investment objectives, investment strategies, account benchmarks, client risk profiles and other factors. As a result of such differences, if an Account were to sell a significant position in a security while a Fund maintained its position in that security, the market price of such security could decrease and adversely impact a Fund’s performance. In the case of a short sale, the selling Account would benefit from any decrease in price.
Conflicts may also arise in cases where one or more Funds or Accounts are invested in different parts of an issuer’s capital structure. For example, a Fund (or an Account) could acquire debt obligations of a company while an Account (or a Fund) acquires an equity investment in the same company. In negotiating the terms and conditions of any such investments, the Sub-Adviser (or, in the case of an Account, an affiliated investment adviser) may find that the interests of the debt-holding Fund (or Account) and the equity-holding Account (or Fund) may conflict. If that issuer encounters financial problems, decisions over the terms of the workout could raise conflicts of interest (including, for example, conflicts over proposed waivers and amendments to debt covenants). For example, debt holding Funds (or Accounts) may be better served by a liquidation of an issuer in which they could be paid in full, while equity-holding Accounts (or Funds) might prefer a reorganization of the issuer that would have the potential to retain value for the equity holders. As another example, holders of an issuer’s senior securities may be able to act to direct cash flows away from junior security holders, and both the junior and senior security holders may be a Fund (or an Account). Any of the foregoing conflicts of interest will be discussed and resolved on a case-by-case basis pursuant to policies and procedures designed to mitigate any such conflicts. Any such discussions will factor in the interests of the relevant parties and
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applicable laws and regulations. The Sub-Adviser may seek to avoid such conflicts, and, as a result, the Sub-Adviser may choose not to make such investments on behalf of the Funds, which may adversely affect the Funds’ performance if similarly attractive opportunities are not available or identified.
Allocation of Investment Opportunities. Even where Accounts have similar investment mandates as a Fund, the Sub-Adviser or its affiliated investment advisers may determine that investment opportunities, strategies or particular purchases or sales are appropriate for one or more Accounts, but not for a Fund, or are appropriate for a Fund but in different amounts, terms or timing than is appropriate for an Account. As a result, the amount, terms or timing of an investment by a Fund may differ from, and performance may be lower than, investments and performance of an Account.
Aggregation and Allocation of Orders. The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers may aggregate orders of the Funds and Accounts, in each case consistent with the applicable adviser’s policy to seek best execution for all orders. Although aggregating orders is a common means of reducing transaction costs for participating Accounts and Funds, the Sub-Adviser or its affiliated investment advisers may be perceived as causing one Fund or Account to participate in an aggregated transaction in order to increase the Sub-Adviser’s or its affiliated investment advisers’ overall allocation of securities in that transaction or future transactions. Allocations of aggregated trades may also be perceived as creating an incentive for the Sub-Adviser to disproportionately allocate securities expected to increase in value to certain Accounts at the expense of a Fund. In addition, a Fund may bear the risk of potentially higher transaction costs if aggregated trades are only partially filled or if orders are not aggregated at all.
The Sub-Adviser and its affiliated investment advisers have adopted procedures designed to mitigate the foregoing conflicts of interest by treating each Fund and Account they advise fairly and equitably over time in the allocation of investment opportunities and the aggregation and allocation of orders. The procedures also are designed to mitigate conflicts in potentially inconsistent trading and provide guidelines for trading priority. Moreover, the Sub-Adviser’s or its affiliated investment advisers’ trading activities are subject to supervisory review and compliance monitoring to help address and mitigate conflicts of interest and ensure that Funds and Accounts are being treated fairly and equitably over time.
For example, in allocating investment opportunities, a portfolio manager considers an Account’s or Fund’s investment objectives, investment restrictions, cash position, need for liquidity, sector concentration and other objective criteria. In addition, orders for the same single security are generally aggregated with other orders for the same single security received at the same time. If aggregated orders are fully executed, each participating Account or Fund is allocated its pro rata share on an average price and trading cost basis. In the event the order is only partially filled, each participating Account or Fund receives a pro rata share. Portfolio managers are also subject to restrictions on potentially inconsistent trading of single securities, although a portfolio manager may sell a single security short if the security is included in an Account’s or Fund’s benchmark and the portfolio manager is underweight in that security relative to the applicable Account’s or Fund’s benchmark. Moreover, the procedures set forth guidelines under which trading for long sales of single securities over short sales of the same or closely related securities are monitored to ensure that the trades are treated fairly and equitably. Additionally, the Funds’ portfolio managers’ decisions for executing those trades are also monitored.
The Sub-Adviser’s procedures also address basket trades (trades in a wide variety of securities—on average approximately 100 different issuers) used in quantitative strategies. However, basket trades are generally not aggregated or subject to the same types of restrictions on potentially inconsistent trading as single-security trades because basket trades are tailored to a particular index or model portfolio based on the risk profile of a particular Account or Fund pursuing a particular quantitative strategy. In addition, basket trades are not subject to the same monitoring as single-security trades because an automated and systematic process is used to execute trades; however, the Funds’ portfolio managers’ decisions for executing those trades are monitored.
Research. The Sub-Adviser allocates brokerage commissions to brokers who provide execution and research services for the Funds and some or all of the Sub-Adviser’s other clients. Such research services may not always be utilized in connection with the Funds or other client
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Accounts that may have provided the commission or a portion of the commission paid to the broker providing the services. The Sub-Adviser is authorized to pay, on behalf of the Funds, higher brokerage fees than another broker might have charged in recognition of the value of brokerage or research services provided by the broker. The Sub-Adviser has adopted procedures with respect to these so-called “soft dollar” arrangements, including the use of brokerage commissions to pay for brokers’ in-house and non-proprietary research, the process for allocating brokerage, and the Sub-Adviser’s practices regarding the use of third-party soft dollars.
IPO Allocation. The Sub-Adviser has adopted procedures designed to ensure that it allocates initial public offerings to the Funds and the Sub-Adviser’s other clients in a fair and equitable manner, consistent with its fiduciary obligations to its clients.
Compensation. The compensation paid to the Sub-Adviser for managing the Funds, as well as certain other clients, is based on a percentage of assets under management, whereas the compensation paid to the Sub-Adviser for managing certain other clients is based on cost. However, no client currently pays the Sub-Adviser a performance-based fee. Nevertheless, the Sub-Adviser may be perceived as having an incentive to allocate securities that are expected to increase in value to accounts in which the Sub-Adviser has a proprietary interest or to certain other accounts in which the Sub-Adviser receives a larger asset-based fee.
TIAA. TIAA or its affiliates, including Nuveen, sponsor an array of financial products for retirement and other investment goals, and provide services worldwide to a diverse customer base. Accordingly, from time to time, a Fund may be restricted from purchasing or selling securities, or from engaging in other investment activities because of regulatory, legal or contractual restrictions that arise due to an Account’s investments and/or the internal policies of TIAA or its affiliates designed to comply with such restrictions. As a result, there may be periods, for example, when the Sub-Adviser will not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions in certain securities or instruments with respect to which investment limits have been reached.
The investment activities of TIAA or its affiliates may also limit the investment strategies and rights of the Funds. For example, in certain circumstances where the Funds invest in securities issued by companies that operate in certain regulated industries, in certain emerging or international markets, or are subject to corporate or regulatory ownership definitions, or invest in certain futures and derivative transactions, there may be limits on the aggregate amount invested by TIAA or its affiliates for the Funds and Accounts that may not be exceeded without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate consent. If certain aggregate ownership thresholds are reached or certain transactions undertaken, the ability of the Sub-Adviser, on behalf of the Funds or Accounts, to purchase or dispose of investments or exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by regulation or otherwise impaired. As a result, the Sub-Adviser, on behalf of the Funds or Accounts, may limit purchases, sell existing investments, or otherwise restrict or limit the exercise of rights (including voting rights) when the Sub-Adviser, in its sole discretion, deems it appropriate in light of potential regulatory or other restrictions on ownership or other consequences resulting from reaching investment thresholds.
Structure of Compensation for the Portfolio Managers
Portfolio managers are compensated through a combination of base salary, annual performance awards, long-term compensation awards and, for certain portfolio managers, equity-like performance based plans. Currently, the annual performance awards and long-term compensation awards are determined using both quantitative (75%) and qualitative factors (25%) including, but not limited to, Investment Ratio, ranking versus Morningstar peers, risk-adjusted variation in return vs. benchmark, and management/peer reviews.
The variable component of a portfolio manager’s compensation is remunerated as: (1) a current year cash bonus; (2) a long-term performance award, which is on a 3-year cliff vesting cycle and (3) an equity-like profits interest plan. Fifty percent (50%) of the long-term award is based on the Fund(s) managed by the portfolio manager during the 3-year vesting period, while the value of the remainder of the long-term award is based on the performance of the TIAA organization as a whole. The equity-like profits interest vests over time and entitles participants to a percentage of Advisors’ annual profits and the profits of its affiliate Nuveen Asset Management. The equity-like profits interest is allocated to individual portfolio managers based on such person’s overall contribution to Advisors and Nuveen Asset Management.
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Risk-adjusted investment performance is calculated, where records are available, over one, three and five years, each ending December 31. For each year, the gross excess return (on a before-tax basis) of a portfolio manager’s mandate(s) is calculated versus each mandate’s assigned benchmark. Please see the Funds’ Prospectuses for more information regarding their benchmark indices. An Information Ratio is then calculated utilizing the gross excess return in the numerator and the greater of the 52-week realized Active Risk (tracking error) or a minimum targeted risk level (typically 300 basis points) in the denominator to generate risk-adjusted investment performance.
Performance relative to peers is evaluated using Morningstar percentile rankings for the 1-, 3- and 5-year ratings, when applicable. For managers with less than a 5-year track record, a 0.25 Investment Ratio and a peer ranking at the middle of the Morningstar grouping is used.
Utilizing the quantitative and qualitative factors discussed above, total compensation is calculated and then compared to the compensation data obtained from surveys that include comparable investment firms. It should be noted that the total compensation can be increased or decreased based on the performance of the equity group as a unit and the relative success of the TIAA organization in achieving its financial and operational objectives.
There are generally no differences between the methods used to determine compensation with respect to the Funds and the Other Accounts shown in the table below.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
In addition to the Funds, as of October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers were also primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of the following accounts:
Portfolio Manager |
Type of Account Managed |
Number |
Assets |
Number of |
Assets of |
Nuveen ESG International |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,396.53 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,540.40 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets |
|||||
Philip James (Jim) Campagna |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$165,571.88 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Lei Lao |
Registered Investment Companies |
27 |
$164,540.40 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
6 |
$2,829.84 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
7 |
$1,841.52 |
0 |
$0 | |
Beneficial Ownership of Securities by the Portfolio Managers
As of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Funds.
Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer Agent
Brown Brothers Harriman (“BBH”), located at 50 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the administrator, custodian and transfer agent for the Funds. As custodian, BBH performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services.
Distributor
Nuveen Securities, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, serves as the principal underwriter of the Nuveen ETFs, including the Funds, pursuant to a Distribution Agreement dated August 2, 2016 (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor is an affiliate of the Adviser and a subsidiary of
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Nuveen. The Distributor also serves as the principal underwriter for the Nuveen Mutual Funds, and has served as co-managing underwriter for the shares of the Nuveen Closed-End Funds.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Funds have appointed the Distributor to be the agent for the distribution of the Funds’ shares on a continuous offering basis. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the Prospectus and below under “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the Prospectus to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Trust or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.
The Adviser and/or its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, banks or other intermediaries (collectively, “intermediaries”) related to marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems, data provision services, or their making shares of the Funds and certain other Nuveen ETFs available to their customers generally and in certain investment programs. Such payments, which may be significant to the intermediary, are not made by the Funds. Rather, such payments are made by the Adviser and/or its affiliates from their own resources, which come directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Nuveen ETF complex. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as “revenue-sharing payments.” A financial intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it recommends or makes available, or the level of services provided, to its customers based on the payments it is eligible to receive. Therefore, such payments to an intermediary create conflicts of interest between the intermediary and its customers and may cause the intermediary to recommend the Funds or other Nuveen ETFs over another investment.
Distribution and Service Plan
Each Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12b-1 provides in substance that an open-end management investment company may not engage directly or indirectly in financing any activity which is primarily intended to result in the sale of shares, except pursuant to a plan adopted under the Rule. The Plan authorizes each Fund to pay up to 0.25% in distribution fees to the Distributor. No payments pursuant to the Plan will be made during the next twelve (12) months of operation.
The Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to any class of shares, without the payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such class. The Plan may be renewed from year to year if approved by a vote of the Board and a vote of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan. The Plan may be continued only if the trustees who vote to approve such continuance conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under applicable law, that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit a Fund and its shareholders. The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the cost which a class of shares may bear under the Plan without the approval of shareholders, and any other material amendments of the Plan must be approved by the independent trustees by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of considering such amendments. During the continuance of the Plan, the selection and nomination of the independent trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of the independent trustees then in office. With the exception of the Distributor and its affiliates, no “interested person” of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, and no trustee of a Fund has a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any related agreement.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), 200 East Randolph Street, Suite 5500, Chicago, Illinois 60601, independent registered public accounting firm, has been selected as auditors for the Funds.
Securities Lending Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the securities lending agent to the Funds. Pursuant to a Securities Lending Agreement and in accordance with procedures established by the Board, State Street effects loans of Fund securities to any firm on a list of approved borrowers,
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negotiates loan terms, monitors the value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests additional collateral as necessary, manages reinvestment of collateral in a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle, arranges for the return of loaned securities to a Fund, and maintains records and prepares reports regarding loans that are made and the income derived therefrom.
The following table provides the dollar amounts of income and fees and/or compensation related to the Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF's securities lending activities during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. The Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF did not earn any income or pay any fees related to securities lending activities for this period.
|
Nuveen | ||||
Gross income from securities lending activities |
$ |
6,245 |
|||
Fees and/or compensation paid by the Fund for securities lending activities and related services: |
|
|
| ||
|
Fees paid to Securities Lending Agent from a revenue split |
|
(269 |
) | |
|
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
Administrative fees not included in the revenue split |
|
— |
| |
|
Indemnification fees not included in the revenue split |
|
— |
| |
|
Rebate (paid to borrower) |
|
(2,851 |
) |
|
|
Other fees not included in the revenue split |
|
— |
| |
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities |
|
(3,150 |
) |
||
Net income from securities lending activities |
$ |
3,095 |
|
CODES OF ETHICS
The Funds, the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and the Board’s independent trustees have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and, with respect to the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser, Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Acts of 1940, as amended, addressing personal securities transactions and other conduct by investment personnel and other persons who may have access to information about the Funds’ securities transactions. The codes are intended to address potential conflicts of interest that can arise in connection with personal trading activities of such persons. Persons subject to the codes are generally permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including investing in securities eligible for investment by the Funds, subject to certain prohibitions, which may include prohibitions on investing in certain types of securities, pre-clearance requirements, blackout periods, annual and quarterly reporting of personal securities holdings and limitations on personal trading of initial public offerings. Violations of the codes are subject to review by the Board and could result in severe penalties.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Funds have delegated authority to the Adviser to vote proxies for securities held by the Funds, and the Adviser has in turn delegated that responsibility to the Sub-Adviser. The Adviser’s proxy voting policy establishes minimum standards for the exercise of proxy voting authority by the Sub-Adviser.
The Sub-Adviser votes proxies of the Funds’ portfolio companies in accordance with the guidelines articulated in the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policies, attached as Appendix A of this SAI.
The Sub-Adviser has a dedicated team of professionals responsible for reviewing and voting proxies. In analyzing a proposal, in addition to exercising their professional judgment, these professionals utilize various sources of information to enhance their ability to evaluate the proposal. These sources may include research from third party proxy advisory firms and other consultants, various corporate governance-focused organizations, related publications and TIAA investment professionals. Based on their analysis of proposals and guided by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policies, these professionals then vote in a manner intended solely to advance the best interests of the Funds’ shareholders.
The Sub-Adviser has implemented policies, procedures and processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions. These include (i) a clear separation of proxy voting functions from external client relationship and sales functions; and (ii) the active monitoring by the
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Sub-Adviser’s legal and compliance professionals of required annual disclosures of potential conflicts of interest by individuals who have direct roles in executing or influencing the Funds’ proxy voting (e.g., the Sub-Adviser’s proxy voting professionals, or a senior executive of the Sub-Adviser or the Sub-Adviser’s affiliates).
There could be rare instances in which an individual who has a direct role in executing or influencing the Funds’ proxy voting (e.g., the Sub-Adviser’s proxy voting professionals or a senior executive of the Sub-Adviser or the Sub-Adviser’s affiliates) is either a director or executive of a portfolio company or may have some other association with a portfolio company. In such cases, this individual is required to recuse himself or herself from all decisions related to proxy voting for that portfolio company.
Voted Proxies. Information regarding how the Funds voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent period ended June 30 will be available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787 or by accessing the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS
The Sub-Adviser is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Funds as well as for selecting brokers and, where applicable, negotiating the amount of the commission rate paid. It is the intention of the Sub-Adviser to place brokerage orders with the objective of obtaining the best execution. In evaluating best execution for transactions, the Sub-Adviser considers a number of factors, including, without limitation, the following: best price; the nature of the security being traded; the nature and character of the markets for the security to be purchased or sold; the likely market impact of the transaction based on the nature of the transaction; the skill of the executing broker; the liquidity being provided by the broker; the broker-dealer’s settlement and clearance capability; the reputation and financial condition of the broker-dealer; the costs of processing information; the nature of price discovery in different markets; and the laws and regulations governing investment advisers. When purchasing or selling securities traded on the over-the-counter market, the Sub-Adviser generally will execute the transactions with a broker engaged in making a market for such securities. When the Sub-Adviser deems the purchase or sale of a security to be in the best interests of one or more Funds, its personnel may, consistent with its fiduciary obligations, decide either to buy or to sell a particular security for the Fund(s) at the same time as for other funds that it may be managing, or that may be managed by its affiliated investment advisers. In that event, allocation of the securities purchased or sold, as well as the expenses incurred in the transaction, will be made in an equitable manner.
Transactions on equity exchanges, commodities markets and other agency transactions involve the payment of negotiated brokerage commissions. Such commissions vary among different brokers. Transactions in foreign investments also have negotiated commission rates and they are for the most part the same for all brokers in a particular country with a few exceptions. Trades are regularly monitored for best execution purposes by the equity trading desk.
The Sub-Adviser’s fixed-income traders select the broker-dealers (sell-side) with whom they do business independent of any research, strategy pieces or trade recommendations provided to the Sub-Adviser. The vast majority of institutional fixed-income trading is conducted over-the-counter rather than on exchanges, with set prices plus commissions. Fixed-income trading is based on the risk-taking practice of market making by sell-side firms, which attempt to capture the bid/ask spread on trades where capital is committed (principal model) or on a pre-negotiated spread concession for riskless principal trades (agency model).
The fixed-income marketplace does not use a voting system to rate broker-dealers with the intent of using those rankings to direct or allocate trades. The directive to the Sub-Adviser’s fixed-income traders, and the conventional trading construct within the fixed-income market, is based on the practice of fiduciary efforts to achieve best execution. The research, credit opinions and relative value trade recommendations provided by the Sub-Adviser’s sell-side counterparts are evaluated, but there is no direct linkage between that evaluation and the Sub-Adviser’s selection of a particular broker-dealer for trade execution. When selecting a broker, the traders follow established trading protocols for data aggregation, price discovery, inventory mining and information protection and conduct an assessment of counterparty performance. The protocol incorporates the Sub-Adviser’s knowledge of and experience with select broker-dealers with respect to providing liquidity, namely the highest bid price or lowest offer price for a particular security.
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Every broker is formally approved by the Equity or Fixed-Income Best Execution Committee, as appropriate, which is comprised of representatives from trading, portfolio management, compliance and law. Risk management also reviews the creditworthiness of all brokers.
Consistent with best execution, the Sub-Adviser may place orders with brokers providing research and statistical data services even if lower commissions may be available from brokers not providing such services. With respect to equity securities, the Sub-Adviser has adopted a policy embodying the concepts of Section 28(e) under the 1934 Act, which provides a safe harbor allowing an investment adviser to cause a client to pay a higher commission to a broker that also provides research services than the commission another broker would charge (generally referred to as the use of “soft dollars”). To utilize soft dollars, the Sub-Adviser must determine in good faith that the commission paid is reasonable in relation to the value of the brokerage and research services provided and that, over time, each client paying soft dollars receives some benefit from the research obtained through the use of soft dollars. The Sub-Adviser may make such a determination based upon either the particular transaction involved or the overall responsibilities of the Sub-Adviser with respect to the accounts over which it exercises investment discretion. Therefore, specific research may not necessarily benefit all accounts paying commissions to such broker. Research obtained through soft dollars may be developed by the broker or a third party, where the obligation to pay is between the broker and the third party. In such cases the research will be paid for through a Commission Sharing Arrangement (“CSA”) or similar arrangement.
Fixed-income trades on behalf of the Funds may not be allocated in order to generate soft dollar credits, but at times, a broker may send the Sub-Adviser unsolicited proprietary research that may be based, in part, on fixed-income trading volume executed with that broker. Similarly, trades on behalf of the Funds that follow an index or quantitative strategy, or execution-only trades, may not generate soft dollars, but, at times, a broker may send the Sub-Adviser unsolicited proprietary research that is based, in part, on such trades.
Research or services obtained for one Fund may be used by the Sub-Adviser in managing other Funds and the accounts of other investment company clients and advisory clients of the Sub-Adviser. Research or services obtained for the Trust also may be used by the Sub-Adviser’s affiliated investment advisers, including TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), for the benefit of their respective clients, and vice versa.
The following table sets forth the aggregate brokerage commissions paid by the Funds during the specified periods.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Funds did not pay commissions to brokers in return for their research services.
The following Fund has acquired during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 the securities of its regular brokers or dealers as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act or of the parents of the brokers or dealers. The following table sets forth those brokers or dealers and states the value of the Fund’s aggregate holdings of the securities of the issuer as of close of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023:
Fund |
Broker/Dealer |
Issuer |
Aggregate Fund Holdings of Broker/Dealer or Parent (as of October 31, 2023) | |||||
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF…………….. |
UBS Securities LLC |
UBS Group AG |
$ |
3,829,860 |
||||
Brokerage commissions paid by a Fund may vary substantially from year to year as a result of changing asset levels throughout the year, portfolio turnover rates, differences in shareholder purchase and redemption activity, varying market conditions and other factors.
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From time to time, the Sub-Adviser may effect purchases and sales of securities between the Funds and other funds or clients advised by the Sub-Adviser or an affiliate (such transactions referred to herein as “cross trades”) if it believes that such transactions are beneficial for each party and consistent with each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. Cross trades may give rise to potential conflicts of interest for the Sub-Adviser. On any occasion when a Fund participates in a cross trade, the Sub-Adviser and the Fund will comply with procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies that govern the dissemination of the Funds’ portfolio holdings. The Funds and their service providers may not receive compensation or any other consideration (which includes any agreement to maintain assets in the Funds or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Adviser) in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information of the Funds. The policies adopted by the Trust are implemented and overseen by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Funds, subject to the oversight of the Board. Compliance officers of the Funds, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser periodically monitor overall compliance with the policies to ascertain whether portfolio holdings information is disclosed in a manner that is consistent with the policies. Periodic reports regarding these policies will be provided to the Board. The Board must approve all material amendments to these policies. Prior to the commencement of trading on each day that a Fund is open for business, (1) the Funds’ portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated on the Funds’ publicly accessible website, www.nuveen.com/etf, and through financial reporting and news services, and (2) the composition of the basket of securities and/or cash that will constitute a Creation Unit is publicly disseminated via the National Securities Clearing Corporation, a clearing agency registered with the SEC (“NSCC”).
The Trust, the Adviser and/or Sub-Adviser, and the Distributor will generally not disseminate non-public portfolio holdings information concerning the Funds. However, non-public portfolio holdings information may be provided to certain parties if approved by the Funds’ Chief Administrative Officer or Secretary upon a determination that there is a legitimate business purpose for doing so, the disclosure is consistent with the interests of the Funds, and the recipient is obligated to maintain the confidentiality of the information and not misuse it.
There is no assurance that the Trust’s policies on portfolio holdings disclosure will protect the Funds from the potential misuse of portfolio holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of such information.
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Purchase and Sale of Shares.”
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depositary for the shares. Shares of the Funds are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except in the limited circumstance provided below, certificates will not be issued for shares.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to other banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial
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Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of the Funds held by each DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant and/or third party service a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of the Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Listing Exchange.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
The following table sets forth the percentage ownership of each person, who, as of February 1, 2024, owned of record, or is known by the Adviser to have owned beneficially, 5% or more of the Funds’ shares.
Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
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Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
National Financial Services Corporation |
14.85% | |
|
| |
|
| |
ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
|
| |
|
|
An Authorized Participant may hold of record more than 25% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. From time to time, Authorized Participants may be a beneficial and/or legal owner of a Fund, may be affiliated with an index provider, may be deemed to have control of a Fund and/or may be able to affect the outcome of matters presented for a vote of the shareholders of a Fund. Authorized Participants may execute an irrevocable proxy granting the Distributor or an affiliate of the Distributor (the “Agent”) power to vote or abstain from voting such Authorized Participant’s beneficially or legally owned shares of a Fund. When granted the power to vote, the Agent shall mirror vote such shares in the same proportion as all other beneficial owners of a Fund.
It is also possible that, from time to time, Nuveen or its affiliates may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of a Fund. Nuveen and its affiliates reserve the right, subject to compliance with applicable law, to sell at any time some or all of the shares of a Fund acquired for their own accounts. A large sale of shares of a Fund by Nuveen or its affiliates could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s market price.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
The Funds issue and redeem shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Creation Units are typically purchased and redeemed in-kind, but they may also be purchased and redeemed, in whole or in part, for cash in the Adviser’s discretion. Each Fund’s NAV is determined once each day the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”), as described under “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
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Only Authorized Participants may purchase and redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds at NAV. To become an Authorized Participant, a firm must execute an Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Participant Agreement”) that has been agreed to by the Distributor and BBH, in a form approved by the Trust. Among other things, the Participant Agreement requires that an Authorized Participant be (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or (ii) a DTC Participant.
The Funds issue and redeem Creation Units through the Distributor at their NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form on any Business Day. All orders to purchase or redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds, including non-standard orders (as defined below), must be placed in the manner and by the time specified by a Fund on each Business Day (generally, 4 p.m., Eastern time) (the “Cut-Off Time”). The date on which an order to purchase or redeem Creation Units is received in proper form and is accepted by the Distributor is referred to as the “Order Placement Date.” An order is generally considered to be in “proper form” if all procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, the AP Handbook and this SAI are properly followed.
An Authorized Participant submitting a creation or redemption order is deemed to make certain representations to the Trust as set forth in the Participant Agreement. The Distributor reserves the right to verify these representations in its discretion. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Distributor in its sole discretion, the order will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Distributor.
Purchase (Creation)
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of a Fund generally consists of (a) either (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) per each Creation Unit or (ii) the cash value of the Deposit Securities (“Deposit Cash”) and (b) the Cash Component, defined and computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” the value of which equals the NAV of a Creation Unit of a Fund on any given Order Placement Date. In addition to the Fund Deposit, Authorized Participants will be charged a standard fixed transaction fee and, for purchases effected in whole or in part with Deposit Cash, a variable transaction fee intended to cover the costs a Fund incurs in acquiring portfolio securities with such Deposit Cash. See “Transaction Fees” below for additional information.
The “Cash Component” is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component may include a “Dividend Equivalent Payments,” which enables a Fund to make a complete distribution of dividends on the day preceding the next dividend payment date, and is an amount equal, on a per Creation Unit basis, to the dividends on all the portfolio securities of a Fund (“Dividend Securities”) with ex-dividend dates within the accumulation period for such distribution (the “Accumulation Period”), net of expenses and liabilities for such period, as if all of the Dividend Securities had been held by a Fund for the entire Accumulation Period. The Accumulation Period begins on the ex-dividend date for the Funds and ends on the day preceding the next ex-dividend date. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such positive amount. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such negative amount and the Authorized Participant will be entitled to receive cash in an amount equal to the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, if applicable, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
BBH, through NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the NYSE (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) (the “NYSE Open”), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, to be included in the Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund on such day. Such Fund Deposit is subject to any applicable adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of a Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, is made available.
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The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities or the amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund may be changed from time to time by the Adviser with a view to achieving the investment objective of a Fund. Information regarding the Fund Deposit necessary for the purchase of a Creation Unit is made available to Authorized Participants and other market participants seeking to transact in Creation Unit aggregations. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to rebalancing adjustments, interest payments, corporate action events and adjustments to the weighting or composition of the component securities of a Fund’s underlying Index.
The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of Deposit Cash to replace any or all Deposit Securities, including, without limitation, in situations where a Deposit Security: (i) may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery; (ii) may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC for corporate securities and municipal securities or the Federal Reserve System for U.S. Treasury securities; (iii) may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting; (iv) would be restricted under the securities laws; or (v) in certain other situations (collectively, “non-standard orders”). The Trust also reserves the right to: (i) permit or require the substitution of Deposit Securities in lieu of Deposit Cash and (ii) include or remove Deposit Securities from the Fund Deposit in anticipation of Index rebalancing changes.
Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. Fund Deposits must be delivered by an Authorized Participant through the Federal Reserve System (for cash and U.S. government securities), through DTC (for corporate securities and municipal securities), through a subcustody agent (for foreign securities) and/or through such other arrangements allowed by the Trust or its agents. Foreign Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained on behalf of a Fund at its applicable local subcustodian. Transfer of the Fund Deposit and all applicable transaction fees must be ordered by the Authorized Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure delivery to the account of a Fund or its agents by no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the date on which the Creation Units are to be delivered (the “Settlement Date”), which for purchases is generally the second Business Day after the Order Placement Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash to be delivered, as applicable, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any securities or cash, as applicable, will be determined by the Distributor, whose determination shall be final and binding. If the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, are not received in a timely manner by the Settlement Date, the purchase order may be cancelled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to a Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. Any such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit required for such Business Day.
Investors placing orders through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order by the Cut-Off Time on such Business Day. An Authorized Participant may require an investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not be an Authorized Participant, in which case orders to purchase shares directly from a Fund in Creation Units would have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, the Authorized Participant may impose additional charges on such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of Authorized Participants, and only a small number of such Authorized Participants may have international capabilities.
Except as provided below, Creation Units will not be issued until the transfer of good title to a Fund of the Deposit Securities or payment of Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the payment of the Cash Component and all applicable transaction fees have been completed. In instances where a Fund accepts Deposit Securities for the purchase of a Creation Unit, the Creation Unit may be delivered in advance of receipt by a Fund of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, (ii) all applicable transaction fees and (iii) an additional amount of cash equal to a percentage of the market value, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Cash Collateral”), which shall be maintained by BBH in a general non-interest bearing collateral account. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with a Fund, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities, to the extent necessary to maintain the Cash Collateral with a Fund in an amount at least equal to the applicable percentage, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. A Fund may use such Cash Collateral to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time. Authorized Participants will be liable to a Fund for all costs, expenses, dividends, income and taxes associated with missing Deposit
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Securities, including the costs incurred by a Fund in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the Order Placement Date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. A Fund will return any unused portion of the Cash Collateral once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by BBH. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
The Distributor reserves the right to reject a purchase order in its discretion, including, without limitation, if (a) the order is not in proper form; (b) the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, delivered by the Authorized Participant do not match those disseminated through the facilities of NSCC for that date; (c) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of a Fund; (d) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel to the Funds, be unlawful; or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Funds, the Distributor, BBH and/or the Adviser make it for all practical purposes not feasible to process orders for Creation Units (examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Funds, the Distributor, BBH, DTC, NSCC, Federal Reserve System, or any other participant in the creation process; and other extraordinary events). The Funds or its agents shall communicate to the Authorized Participant the rejection of an order. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any order or in the delivery of Fund Deposits, nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.
Redemption
Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form on a Business Day. EXCEPT UPON LIQUIDATION OF A FUND, THE FUND WILL NOT REDEEM SHARES IN AMOUNTS LESS THAN CREATION UNITS. Investors must accumulate enough Fund shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by a Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Fund shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
Redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will be paid either in-kind or in cash, or a combination thereof, as disclosed by BBH prior to the NYSE Open. With respect to in-kind redemptions, BBH, through NSCC, makes available prior to the NYSE Open on each Business Day the list of the names and share quantities of each Fund’s portfolio securities (subject to possible amendment or correction) that will be distributed upon the receipt of redemption requests in proper form prior to the Cut-Off Time on that day (“Fund Securities”).
In connection with any in-kind redemptions, Authorized Participants will also pay or receive cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Creation Units being redeemed and the value of the Fund Securities received (the “Cash Redemption Component”). In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential is required to be paid to the Funds by the Authorized Participant. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value less than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential will be paid by the Funds to the Authorized Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at a Fund’s discretion, an Authorized Participant may receive the corresponding cash value of all or a portion of the Fund Securities.
Procedures for Redemption of Creation Units. After an order for redemption in proper form has been received, the Funds will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to the Authorized Participant by the Settlement Date. With respect to in-kind redemptions of the Funds, the calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered upon redemption will be made by BBH according to the procedures set forth under “Determination of Net Asset Value,” computed on the Order Placement Date. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted by an Authorized Participant by the Cut-Off Time on the Order Placement Date, and the requisite number of shares of the Funds are delivered to BBH prior to 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash
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Redemption Component to be delivered will be determined on such Order Placement Date. If the requisite number of shares of the Funds are not delivered by 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, the Funds will not release the Fund Securities for delivery unless collateral is posted in such percentage amount of missing shares as set forth in the Participant Agreement (marked to market daily).
In order to take delivery of Fund Securities upon redemption of Creation Units, an Authorized Participant must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded (or such other arrangements as allowed by the Funds or its agents), to which account such Fund Securities will be delivered. Deliveries of redemption proceeds generally will be made within two Business Days of the Order Placement Date. However, due to the schedule of holidays in certain countries, the different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (that is the last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold), and in certain other circumstances, the delivery of in-kind redemption proceeds with respect to a Fund may take longer than two Business Days after the day on which the redemption request is received in proper form. In certain circumstances, intervening holidays in an applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market may cause a Fund to take more than seven calendar days to deliver redemption proceeds. If neither the redeeming shareholder nor the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such redeeming shareholder has appropriate arrangements to take delivery of the Fund securities in the applicable foreign jurisdiction and it is not possible to make other such arrangements, or if it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund securities in such jurisdiction, the Trust may, in its discretion, exercise its option to redeem such shares in cash, and the redeeming shareholders will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash.
If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, a Fund may, in its sole discretion, exercise its option to redeem shares in cash, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request a redemption in cash that the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the Authorized Participant will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares on the Order Placement Date, minus a fixed transaction fee and an additional variable transaction fee, each as described in further detail below under “Transaction Fees,” to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of portfolio securities necessary to fund the redemption in cash.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and the Funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserve the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that it could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant (or a client for which it is acting) subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request a redeeming client to complete certain documentation with respect to such matters. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer” (“QIB”), as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive Fund Securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A. An Authorized Participant may be required by a Fund to provide a written confirmation with respect to QIB status in order to receive Fund Securities. Redemptions effected in cash will be subject to applicable transaction fees.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the Settlement Date postponed with respect to a Fund (1) for any period during which the Listing Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Listing Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which redemption of shares of a Fund or determination of the NAV of the shares is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Required Early Submission of Orders
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Fund may require orders to be placed earlier than the normal Cut-Off Time, and in certain circumstances up to 23 hours prior to the normal Cut-Off Time. Authorized Participants will be notified in the event that the Cut-Off Time for an order will be earlier than normal on any particular Business Day. Orders to purchase shares that are submitted on the Business Day immediately preceding a holiday or a day (other than a weekend) that the markets in the relevant foreign market are closed may not be accepted.
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Transaction Fees
Transaction fees, as set forth in the table below, are imposed to cover transaction costs associated with the purchase or redemption of Creation Units, as applicable. Authorized Participants will be required to pay a fixed creation transaction fee and/or a fixed redemption transaction fee, as applicable, on a given day that does not vary with the number of Creation Units created or redeemed on that day. Additional variable transaction fees will be applied to certain creation and redemption transactions, including non-standard orders and whole or partial cash purchases or redemptions. The following table shows, as of the date of this SAI, the approximate value of one Creation Unit and the standard fixed and maximum additional variable transaction fees for creations and redemptions (as described above):
Fund Name |
Approximate Value of a Creation Unit |
Creation Unit Size |
Standard |
Maximum Additional Charge for Creations* |
Maximum Additional Charge for Redemptions* |
ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
$2,897,000 |
100,000 |
$4,000 |
0% |
0% |
ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
$2,624,000 |
100,000 |
$12,200 |
0% |
0% |
* As a percentage of the NAV per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemptions, of the standard redemption transaction fee.
The Funds may adjust the transaction fees from time to time upon notice to Authorized Participants. The Adviser may also from time to time cover the cost of any transaction fees if it determines it is in a Fund’s best interest.
In addition, with respect to creation orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the Fund and with respect to redemption orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Funds to their account or as otherwise specified on their order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may also be charged a fee by such intermediary for such services.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Each Fund’s NAV is determined as set forth in its Prospectus under “General Information—Net Asset Value.” Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Prospectus, each Fund’s determination of net asset value will comply with Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act.
CAPITAL STOCK
Each Fund issues shares of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share. The Board has the right to establish additional series in the future, to determine the preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges thereof and to modify such preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges without shareholder approval.
The Trust is not required to and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration”) requires a shareholder vote only on those matters where the 1940 Act requires a vote of shareholders and otherwise permits the Trustees to take actions without seeking the consent of shareholders. For example, the Declaration gives the Trustees the authority to approve reorganizations between a Fund and another entity, such as another ETF, or the sale of all or substantially all of a Fund’s assets, or the termination of the Trust or a Fund without shareholder approval if the 1940 Act would not require such approval. Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required, consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shares of all series of the Trust vote together as a single class except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, or if the matter being voted on affects only a particular series; and, if a matter affects a particular series differently from other series, the shares of that series will vote separately on such matter.
The Trustees establish the number of Trustees and may fill vacancies on the Board, except when election of Trustees by the shareholders is required under the 1940 Act. Trustees are then elected by a plurality of votes cast by shareholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present. The Declaration also provides that Trustees may be removed, with cause, by a vote of shareholders holding at least two-thirds of the voting power of the Trust, or by a vote of two-thirds of the remaining Trustees. “Cause” requires
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willful misconduct, dishonesty, fraud or a felony conviction. The provisions of the Declaration relating to the election and removal of Trustees may not be amended without the approval of two-thirds of the Trustees.
Under the Declaration, by becoming a shareholder of a Fund, each shareholder is expressly held to have agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration and the Trust’s By-laws. The Declaration may, except in limited circumstances, be amended by the Trustees in any respect without a shareholder vote. Shareholders may be required to disclose information on direct or indirect ownership of a Fund’s shares in order to comply with various laws applicable to a Fund or as the Trustees may determine, and ownership of a Fund’s shares may be disclosed by a Fund if so required by law or regulation. In addition, pursuant to the Declaration, the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the Trust to redeem shares held by any shareholder for any reason under terms set by the Trustees.
In order to permit legitimate inquiries and claims while avoiding the time, expense, distraction and other harm that can be caused to the Funds or their shareholders as a result of spurious shareholder claims, demands and derivative actions, the Declaration provides a detailed process for the bringing of derivative actions by shareholders, and provides that actions that are derivative in nature may not be brought directly. Consistent with applicable Massachusetts law, prior to bringing a derivative action, a demand must first be made on the Trustees. The Declaration details various information, certifications, undertakings and acknowledgements that must be included in the demand. If a majority of the Trustees who are considered independent for the purposes of considering the demand determine that maintaining the suit would not be in the best interests of the Funds, the Trustees are required to reject the demand and the complaining shareholder may not proceed with the derivative action unless the shareholder is able to sustain the burden of proof to a court that the decision of the Trustees not to pursue the requested action was not a good faith exercise of their business judgment on behalf of the Funds. In making such a determination, a Trustee is not considered to have a personal financial interest by virtue of being compensated for his or her services as a Trustee. If a demand is rejected, the complaining shareholder may be responsible for a Fund’s costs and expenses if a court determines that a derivative action was made without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose, if a derivative or direct action is dismissed on the basis of a failure to comply with the procedural provisions relating to shareholder actions as set forth in the Declaration or if a direct action is dismissed by a court for failure to state a claim. Any shareholder bringing an action against a Fund waives the right to trial by jury to the fullest extent permitted by law and any action commenced by a shareholder may be brought only in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts (Boston Division) or if any such action may not be brought in that court, then in the Business Litigation Session of Suffolk Superior Court in Massachusetts (the “Chosen Courts”), under the terms of the Declaration. Except as prohibited by law, if a shareholder commences an applicable action in a court other than a Chosen Court, the shareholder may be obligated to reimburse a Fund and any applicable Trustee or officer of a Fund made party to such proceeding for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any successful motion to dismiss, stay or transfer of the action.
The Declaration specifically provides, however, that no provision of the Declaration is effective to require a waiver of compliance with any provision of, or restrict any shareholder rights expressly granted by, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or the 1940 Act, or any rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. The provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees determine, with the advice of counsel, that any such provision, in whole or in part, conflict with applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provisions, or part or parts thereof, will be deemed to be not part of the Declaration (provided, that any such determination will not render any of the remaining provisions invalid or improper).
Under Massachusetts law applicable to Massachusetts business trusts, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of this disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Declaration further provides for indemnification out of the assets and property of the Trust for all losses and expenses of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the Trust or a Fund itself was unable to meet its obligations. The Trust believes the likelihood of the occurrence of these circumstances is remote.
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The Declaration further provides that a Trustee acting in his or her capacity as Trustee is not personally liable to any person other than the Trust or its series, in connection with the affairs of the Trust or for any act, omission, or obligation of the Trust. A Trustee is liable only for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration requires the Trust to indemnify any persons who are or who have been Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust for any liability for actions or failure to act except to the extent prohibited by applicable federal law. In making any determination as to whether any person is entitled to the advancement of expenses in connection with a claim for which indemnification is sought, such person is entitled to a rebuttable presumption that he or she did not engage in conduct for which indemnification is not available. The Declaration provides that any Trustee who serves as chair of the Board or of a committee of the Board, lead independent Trustee, or audit committee financial expert, or in any other similar capacity will not be subject to any greater standard of care or liability because of such position.
Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, Nuveen Securities, LLC, at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
TAX MATTERS
Federal Income Tax Matters
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Funds is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, all as in effect as of the date of the filing of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in the Funds is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the Funds make distributions or you sell Fund shares. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company (RIC)
Each Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify each year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things:
(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);
(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of a Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with investments in such other securities limited with respect to any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of a Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of a Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which a Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers that are controlled by a Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (2) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and
(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or greater than the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income.
In general, for purposes of the 90% qualifying income test described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to
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items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by a Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (ii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in clause (a)(i) of the description of the 90% qualifying income test applicable to RICs, above) will be treated as qualifying income.
Taxation of the Funds
If a Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, the Fund will generally not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.
If, for any taxable year, a Fund was to fail to qualify as a RIC or was to fail to meet the distribution requirement described above, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by a Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, a Fund’s distributions, to the extent derived from the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividend income for federal income tax purposes. However, such dividends would be eligible, subject to any generally applicable limitations, (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. Moreover, a Fund would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent year. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within five years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year.
Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and net capital gain (the excess of a Fund’s net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss). Investment income that is retained by a Fund will generally be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. If a Fund retains any net capital gain, that gain will be subject to tax at corporate rates, but the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be deemed to have paid their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder.
If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. Each Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Each Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of such Fund to satisfy the requirement for qualification as a RIC.
Each Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or
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net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and certain other late-year losses.
If a Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year.
“Net capital losses” are not permitted to be deducted against a RIC’s net investment income. Instead, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, potentially subject to certain limitations, a RIC may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to offset capital gains in future years. A Fund is permitted to carry net capital losses forward indefinitely. To the extent subsequent capital gains are offset by such losses, they will not result in U.S. federal income tax liability to a Fund and may not be distributed as capital gains to shareholders. Generally, a Fund may not carry forward any losses other than net capital losses. The carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if a Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Code.
Distributions
Distributions are generally taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Moreover, distributions on a Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Investors may therefore wish to avoid purchasing shares at a time when the Fund’s NAV reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Realized income and gains must generally be distributed even when a Fund’s NAV also reflects unrealized losses.
Dividends and other distributions by a Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, if any dividend or distribution is declared by a Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to its shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month but is actually paid during the following January, such dividend or distribution will be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Distributions by the Funds of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the assets that generated those gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from a Fund’s net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. For individuals, long-term capital gains are subject to tax at a maximum tax rate currently set at 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be subject to tax at ordinary income rates.
For non-corporate shareholders, distributions of investment income reported by a Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed at rates of up to 20%, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. In order for some portion of the dividends received by a Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund making the distribution must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before the ex-dividend date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation that is readily tradable
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on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. Distributions that a Fund receives from an ETF, REIT or an underlying fund taxable as a RIC will be treated as "qualified dividend income" only to the extent so reported by such ETF, REIT or underlying fund.
To the extent that a Fund makes a distribution of income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Dividends and distributions from a Fund and capital gain on the sale of Fund shares are generally taken into account in determining a shareholder’s “net investment income” for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts.
If a Fund makes distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution to each shareholder will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and will reduce the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares. After the shareholder’s basis has been reduced to zero, any such distributions will result in a capital gain, assuming the shareholder holds his or her shares as capital assets. A reduction in a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares will reduce any loss or increase any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
A sale or exchange of shares in a Fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares and will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months and short-term capital gain or loss if held for 12 months or less. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares of a Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Backup Withholding
The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which a shareholder holds Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 24%. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”).
Federal Tax Treatment of Certain Fund Investments
Transactions of the Funds in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swap agreements, straddles and foreign currencies may be subject to various special and complex tax rules, including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules. These rules could affect a Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund, and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses. These rules may in turn affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by a Fund. These provisions also may require a Fund to mark to market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the RIC distribution requirement and for avoiding excise taxes. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so. The Funds intend to monitor their transactions, intends to make appropriate tax elections, and intend to make appropriate entries in their books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and preserve their qualification for treatment as RICs.
The Funds are required, for federal income tax purposes, to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses as of the end of such year on certain
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regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts in addition to the gains and losses actually realized with respect to such contracts during the year. Gain or loss from Section 1256 contracts that are required to be marked to market annually will generally be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Funds may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Funds to mark-to-market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause a Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above.
Additional Tax Information Concerning REITs
The Funds may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity securities may require a Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities may at other times result in a Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if a Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to a Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends paid by a REIT, other than capital gain distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a REIT to a Fund will be treated as long-term capital gains by a Fund and, in turn, may be distributed by a Fund to its shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Dividends received by a Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends received deduction. If a REIT is operated in a manner such that it fails to qualify as a REIT, an investment in the REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable income of the REIT would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
A Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or which are, or have certain wholly-owned subsidiaries that are, “taxable mortgage pools” (“TMPs”). Under certain Treasury guidance, a portion of a Fund’s income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or equity interests in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This guidance provides that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as a Fund, must generally be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or TMP interests directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity, which otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income (see “Taxes—Tax-Exempt Shareholders” below), and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. A Fund does not intend to invest a substantial portion of its assets in REITs which generate excess inclusion income.
REITs in which a Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to a Fund until after the time that a Fund issues a tax reporting statement. As a result, a Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions after it issues a tax reporting statement. If this were to occur, the financial intermediary with whom you hold your shares will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.
Foreign Investments
If the Funds acquire any equity interest in certain foreign investment entities (i) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or (ii) where at least 50% of the corporation’s assets (computed based on
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average fair market value) either produce or are held for the production of passive income (“passive foreign investment companies or PFICs”), the Funds will generally be subject to one of the following special tax regimes: (i) a Fund may be liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge, on a portion of any “excess distribution” from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders; (ii) if a Fund were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF,” the Fund would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the Fund’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the PFIC, whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the Fund; or (iii) a Fund may be entitled to mark-to-market annually shares of the PFIC, and in such event would be required to distribute to shareholders any such mark-to-market gains in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above. The Funds intend to make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the effect of these rules. The Funds may limit and/or manage their holdings in passive foreign investment companies to limit their tax liability or maximize their return from these investments.
Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries (including, for example, dividends or interest on stock or securities of non U.S. issuers) may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between such countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Under current law, income of a RIC that would be treated as unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt entity that is a shareholder in the RIC. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if: (i) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b), (ii) if the Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, (iii) the Fund invests in a REIT that is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) or in a REIT that has a subsidiary that is a TMP, or (iv) if the Fund holds residual interests in REMICs. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding these issues.
Non-U.S. Investors
In general, dividends, other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by the Funds to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. The Funds may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a U.S. income tax deduction for losses) realized on a sale of shares of a Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met.
Unless certain non-U.S. entities that hold Fund shares comply with IRS requirements that generally require them to report information regarding U.S. persons investing in, or holding accounts with, such entities, a 30% withholding tax may apply to Fund distributions payable to such entities and may apply to redemptions and certain capital gain dividends payable to such entities after December 31, 2018. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any income or gain effectively connected with a U.S.
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trade or business will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes that exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and any cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange, and (ii) the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any cash paid for such Creation Units. Any gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year and were held as capital assets in the hands of the exchanging Authorized Participant. All or a portion of any gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant exchanging a currency other than its functional currency for Creation Units may be treated as ordinary income or loss. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The ability of Authorized Participants to receive a full or partial cash redemption of Creation Units of a Fund may limit the tax efficiency of the Fund. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for a person who does not mark-to-market its holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. All or some portion of any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units in exchange for securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
Persons exchanging securities for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rule applies and when a loss might be deductible.
Section 351
The Trust on behalf of the Funds has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of a Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, a Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If a Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) may not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.
Certain Reporting Regulations
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, generally, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Significant penalties may be imposed for the failure to comply with the reporting regulations. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Cost Basis Reporting
The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you
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purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.
Capital Loss Carry-Forward
When a Fund has a capital loss carry-forward, it does not make capital gain distributions until the loss has been offset or expired. As of October 31, 2023, the following Funds had capital loss carry-forwards available for federal income tax purposes. The capital losses are not subject to expiration.
Fund |
Short-Term |
Long-Term |
Total | |||
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF1 |
$13,264,626 |
$10,765,503 |
$24,030,129 | |||
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF1 |
21,168,556 |
9,743,527 |
30,912,083 |
1 A portion of the capital loss carry-forwards are subject to an annual limitation under the Internal Revenue Code and related regulations.
General Considerations
The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the specific federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of shares of the Funds, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis. Nonetheless, the Funds might not make a dividend payment every month. Each Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of a Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for each Funds’ most recent fiscal year appear in the Funds’ Annual Report dated October 31, 2023. The Funds’ Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and is available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787.
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Appendix A
Nuveen proxy voting policies
Nuveen proxy voting guidelines
Applicability
These Guidelines apply to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”)
I. Introduction
Our voting practices are guided by our fiduciary obligations to our clients.
These Guidelines set forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on proxy matters involving publicly traded portfolio companies held in client portfolios, and serve to assist clients, portfolio companies and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related issues.
We vote proxies in accordance with what we believe is in the best interest of our clients. In making those decisions, we are principally guided by enhancing long-term shareholder value, and may take into account many factors, including input from our investment teams and third-party research.
As indicated in these Guidelines, we monitor portfolio companies’ environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices in an effort to ensure that boards consider these factors in the context of their strategic deliberations consistent with the aim of preserving and enhancing long-term shareholder value. It is our belief that a one-size-fits-all approach to proxy voting is not appropriate and we may vote differently on the same proposal given the portfolio company’s individual circumstances. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
The Guidelines are implemented by Nuveen’s Stewardship Group and applied in consideration of the facts and circumstances of the particular resolution. The Stewardship Group relies on its professional judgment, informed by proprietary research and reports provided by various third-party research providers. The portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines if such portfolio manager determines it is in the best interest of the respective Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for votes submitted contrary to the Guidelines will be documented and maintained.
II. Accountability and transparency
Board of directors
Elect directors
General Policy: We generally vote in favor of the board’s nominees but will consider withholding or voting against some or all directors in the following circumstances:
When we conclude that the actions of directors are unlawful, unethical, negligent, or do not meet fiduciary standards of care and loyalty, or are otherwise not in the best interest of shareholders. Such actions would include:
Egregious compensation practices
Lack of responsiveness to a failed vote
Unequal treatment of shareholders
Adoption of inappropriate antitakeover devices
When a director has consistently failed to attend board and committee meetings without an appropriate rationale being provided
Independence
When board independence is not in line with local market regulations or best practices
When a member of executive management sits on a key board committee that should be composed of only independent directors
When directors have failed to disclose, resolve or eliminate conflicts of interest that affect their decisions
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Board refreshment
When there is insufficient diversity on the board and the company has not demonstrated its commitment to making the board more diverse
When we determine that director tenure is excessive and there has been no recent board refreshment
Contested elections
General Policy: We will support the candidates we believe will represent the best interests of shareholders.
Majority vote for the election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that companies amend their governance documents to provide for director election by majority vote.
Establish specific board committees
General Policy: We generally vote against shareholder resolutions asking the company to establish specific board committees unless we believe specific circumstances dictate otherwise.
Annual election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that each member of the board of a publicly traded operating company stand for re-election annually.
Cumulative voting
General Policy: We generally do not support proposals asking that shareholders be allowed to cumulate votes in director elections, as this practice may encourage the election of special interest directors.
Separation of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
General Policy: We will consider supporting shareholder resolutions asking that the roles of chairman and CEO be separated when we believe the company’s board structure and operation has insufficient features of independent board leadership, such as the lack of a lead independent director. In addition, we may also support resolutions on a case-by-case basis where we believe, in practice, that there is not a bona fide lead independent director acting with robust responsibilities or the company’s ESG practices or business performance suggest a material deficiency in independent influence into the company’s strategy and oversight.
Shareholder rights
Proxy access
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals asking that the company implement a form of proxy access. In making our voting decision, we will consider several factors, including, but not limited to: current performance of the company, minimum filing thresholds, holding periods, number of director nominees that can be elected, existing governance issues and board/management responsiveness to material shareholder concerns.
Ratification of auditor
General Policy: We will generally support the board’s choice of auditor and believe that the auditor should be elected annually. However, we will consider voting against the ratification of an audit firm where non-audit fees are excessive, where the firm has been involved in conflict of interest or fraudulent activities in connection with the company’s audit, where there has been a material restatement of financials or where the auditor’s independence is questionable.
Supermajority vote requirements
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of supermajority vote requirements.
Dual-class common stock and unequal voting rights
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of dual classes of common stock or other forms of equity with unequal voting rights or special privileges.
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Right to call a special meeting
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the right to call a special meeting. However, we believe a 25% ownership level is reasonable and generally would not be supportive of proposals to lower the threshold if it is already at that level.
Right to act by written consent
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions requesting the right to act by written consent.
Antitakeover devices (poison pills)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals relating to the adoption or rescission of antitakeover devices with attention to the following criteria:
Whether the company has demonstrated a need for antitakeover protection
Whether the provisions of the device are in line with generally accepted governance principles
Whether the company has submitted the device for shareholder approval
Whether the proposal arises in the context of a takeover bid or contest for control
We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking to rescind or put to a shareholder vote antitakeover devices that were adopted without shareholder approval.
Reincorporation
General Policy: We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis proposals for reincorporation taking into account the intention of the proposal and the established laws of the new domicile and jurisprudence of the target domicile. We will not support the proposal if we believe the intention is to take advantage of laws or judicial interpretations that provide antitakeover protection or otherwise reduce shareholder rights.
Corporate political influence
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s direct political contributions, including board oversight procedures.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s charitable contributions and other philanthropic activities.
We may consider not supporting shareholder resolutions that appear to promote a political agenda that is contrary to the long-term health of the corporation.
We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of a company’s lobbying expenditures.
Closed-end funds
We recognize that many exchange-listed closed-end funds (“CEFs”) have adopted particular corporate governance practices that deviate from certain policies set forth in the Guidelines. We believe that the distinctive structure of CEFs can provide important benefits to investors, but leaves CEFs uniquely vulnerable to opportunistic traders seeking short-term gains at the expense of long-term shareholders. Thus, to protect the interests of their long-term shareholders, many CEFs have adopted measures to defend against attacks from short-term-oriented activist investors. As such, in light of the unique nature of CEFs and their differences in corporate governance practices from operating companies, we will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals involving the adoption of defensive measures by CEFs. This is consistent with our approach to proxy voting that recognizes the importance of case-by-case analysis to ensure alignment with investment team views, and voting in accordance with the best interest of our shareholders.
Compensation issues
Advisory votes on executive compensation (say on pay)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis the advisory vote on executive compensation (say on pay). We expect well-designed plans that clearly demonstrate the alignment between pay and performance, and we encourage companies to be responsive to low levels of support by engaging with shareholders. We also prefer that companies offer an annual non-binding vote on executive compensation. In absence of an annual vote, companies should clearly articulate the rationale behind offering the vote less frequently.
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We generally note the following red flags when evaluating executive compensation plans:
Undisclosed or Inadequate Performance Metrics: We believe that performance goals for compensation plans should be disclosed meaningfully. Performance hurdles should not be too easily attainable. Disclosure of these metrics should enable shareholders to assess whether the plan will drive long-term value creation.
Excessive Equity Grants: We will examine a company’s past grants to determine the rate at which shares are being issued. We will also seek to ensure that equity is being offered to more than just the top executives at the company. A pattern of excessive grants can indicate failure by the board to properly monitor executive compensation and its costs.
Lack of Minimum Vesting Requirements: We believe that companies should establish minimum vesting guidelines for senior executives who receive stock grants. Vesting requirements help influence executives to focus on maximizing the company’s long-term performance rather than managing for short-term gain.
Misalignment of Interests: We support equity ownership requirements for senior executives and directors to align their interests with those of shareholders.
Special Award Grants: We will generally not support mega-grants. A company’s history of such excessive grant practices may prompt us to vote against the stock plans and the directors who approve them. Mega-grants include equity grants that are excessive in relation to other forms of compensation or to the compensation of other employees and grants that transfer disproportionate value to senior executives without relation to their performance. We also expect companies to provide a rationale for any other one-time awards such as a guaranteed bonus or a retention award.
Excess Discretion: We will generally not support plans where significant terms of awards—such as coverage, option price, or type of awards—are unspecified, or where the board has too much discretion to override minimum vesting or performance requirements.
Lack of Clawback Policy: We believe companies should establish clawback policies that permit recoupment from any senior executive who received compensation as a result of defective financial reporting, or whose behavior caused financial harm to shareholders or reputational risk to the company.
Equity-based compensation plans
General Policy: We will review equity-based compensation plans on a case-by-case basis, giving closer scrutiny to companies where plans include features that are not performance-based or where potential dilution or burn rate total is excessive. As a practical matter, we recognize that more dilutive broad-based plans may be appropriate for human-capital intensive industries and for small- or mid-capitalization firms and start-up companies.
We generally note the following red flags when evaluating equity incentive plans:
Evergreen Features: We will generally not support option plans that contain evergreen features, which reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year and lack a termination date.
Reload Options: We will generally not support reload options that are automatically replaced at market price following exercise of initial grants.
Repricing Options: We will generally not support plans that authorize repricing. However, we will consider on a case-by-case basis management proposals seeking shareholder approval to reprice options. We are likely to vote in favor of repricing in cases where the company excludes named executive officers and board members and ties the repricing to a significant reduction in the number of options.
Undisclosed or Inappropriate Option Pricing: We will generally not support plans that fail to specify exercise prices or that establish exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant.
Golden parachutes
General Policy: We will vote on a case-by-case basis on golden parachute proposals, taking into account the structure of the agreement and the circumstances of the situation. However, we would prefer to see a double trigger on all change-of-control agreements and no excise tax gross-up.
Shareholder resolutions on executive compensation
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions related to specific compensation practices. Generally, we believe specific practices are the purview of the board.
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III. Guidelines for ESG shareholder resolutions
We generally support shareholder resolutions seeking reasonable disclosure of the environmental or social impact of a company’s policies, operations or products. We believe that a company’s management and directors should determine the strategic impact of environmental and social issues and disclose how they are dealing with these issues to mitigate risk and advance long-term shareholder value.
Environmental issues
Global climate change
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, the impact of climate change on a company’s business activities and products and strategies designed to reduce the company’s long-term impact on the global climate.
Use of natural resources
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s use of natural resources, the impact on its business of declining resources and its plans to improve the efficiency of its use of natural resources.
Impact on ecosystems
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s initiatives to reduce any harmful impacts or other hazards to local, regional or global ecosystems that result from its operations or activities.
Animal welfare
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking for reports on the company’s impact on animal welfare.
Issues related to customers
Product responsibility
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure relating to the quality, safety and impact of a company’s goods and services on the customers and communities it serves.
Predatory lending
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking companies for disclosure about the impact of lending activities on borrowers and about policies designed to prevent predatory lending practices.
Issues related to employees and suppliers
Diversity and nondiscrimination
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s nondiscrimination policies and practices, or seeking to implement such policies, including equal employment opportunity standards.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s workforce, board diversity, and gender pay equity policies and practices.
Global labor standards
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s labor standards and enforcement practices, as well as the establishment of global labor policies based upon internationally recognized standards.
Issues related to communities
Corporate response to global health risks
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to significant public health impacts resulting from company operations and products, as well as the impact of global health pandemics on the company’s operations and long-term growth.
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Global human rights codes of conduct
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s human rights standards and the establishment of global human rights policies, especially regarding company operations in conflict zones or areas of weak governance.
Disclosures
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, Teachers Advisors, LLC, and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC are SEC registered investment advisers and subsidiaries of Nuveen, LLC
Nuveen proxy voting policy
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC, (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), (each an “Adviser” and, collectively, referred to as the “Advisers”)
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting is the primary means by which shareholders may influence a publicly traded company’s governance and operations and thus create the potential for value and positive long-term investment performance. When an SEC registered investment adviser has proxy voting authority, the adviser has a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients and must not subrogate its clients’ interests to its own. In their capacity as fiduciaries and investment advisers, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively, the “Advisers”) vote proxies for the Portfolio Companies held by their respective clients, including investment companies and other pooled investment vehicles, institutional and retail separate accounts, and other clients as applicable. The Advisers have adopted this Policy, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, and the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy for voting the proxies of the Portfolio Companies they manage. The Advisers leverage the expertise and services of an internal group referred to as Nuveen’s Stewardship Group to administer the Advisers’ proxy voting. The Stewardship Group adheres to the Advisers’ Proxy Voting Guidelines which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote client securities in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Policy statement
Proxy voting is a key component of a Portfolio Company’s corporate governance program and is the primary method for exercising shareholder rights and influencing the Portfolio Company’s behavior. Nuveen makes informed voting decisions in compliance with Rule 206(4)-6 (the “Rule”) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), and applicable laws and regulations (e.g., the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, “ERISA”).
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on specific voting categories, and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution. While the Guidelines are developed, maintained, and implemented by the Stewardship Group, and reviewed by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee, the portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted.
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Portfolio Company includes any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser.
Policy requirements
Investment advisers, in accordance with the Rule, are required to (i) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, and address resolution of material conflicts that may arise, (ii) describe their proxy voting procedures to their clients and provide copies on request, and (iii) disclose to clients how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
The Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, the Stewardship Group and Nuveen Compliance are subject to the respective requirements outlined below under “Roles and Responsibilities.”
Although it is the general policy to vote all applicable proxies received in a timely fashion with respect to securities selected by an Adviser for current clients, the Adviser may refrain from voting in certain circumstances where such voting would be disadvantageous, materially burdensome or impractical, or otherwise inconsistent with the overall best interest of clients.
Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
The purpose of the Committee is to establish a governance framework to oversee the proxy voting activities of the Advisers in accordance with the Policy. The Committee’s voting members will be comprised from Research, the Advisers, and Nuveen’s Stewardship Group. Non-voting members will be comprised from Nuveen Legal, Nuveen Compliance, Nuveen Advisory Product, and Nuveen Investment Risk. The Committee may invite others on a standing, routine and/or ad hoc basis to attend Committee meetings. The CCOs of CREF/TC Funds and the Nuveen Funds shall be standing, non-voting invitees. The Committee has delegated responsibility for the implementation and ongoing administration of the Policy to the Stewardship Group, subject to the Committee’s ultimate oversight and responsibility as outlined in the Committee’s Proxy Voting Charter.
Advisers
1. Advisory Personnel maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted, unless otherwise instructed by a client, and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines and/or a vote recommendation of the Stewardship Group if such Advisory Personnel determines it is in the best interest of the Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for all such contrary vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
2. When voting proxies for different groups of client accounts, Advisory Personnel may vote proxies held by the respective client accounts differently depending on the facts and circumstances specific to such client accounts. The rationale for all such vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
3. Advisory Personnel must comply with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Performs day-to-day administration of the Advisers’ proxy voting processes.
2. Seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines, which have been constructed in a manner intended to align with the best interests of clients. In applying the Guidelines, the Stewardship Group, on behalf of the Advisers, takes into account several factors, including, but not limited to:
Input from Advisory Personnel
Third-party research
Specific Portfolio Company context, including environmental, social and governance practices, and financial performance.
3. Assists in the development of securities lending recall protocols in cooperation with the Securities Lending Committee.
4. Performs Form N-PX filings in accordance with regulatory requirements.
5. Delivers copies of the Advisers’ Policy to clients and prospective clients upon request in a timely manner, as appropriate.
6. Assists with the disclosure of proxy votes as applicable on corporate websites and elsewhere as required by applicable regulations.
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7. Prepares reports of proxies voted on behalf of the Advisers’ investment company clients to their Boards or committees thereof, as applicable.
8. Performs an annual vote reconciliation for review by the Committee.
9. Arranges the annual service provider due diligence, including a review of the service provider’s potential conflicts of interests, and presents the results to the Committee.
10. Facilitates quarterly Committee meetings, including agenda and meeting minute preparation.
11. Complies with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
12. Creates and retains certain records in accordance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
13. Oversees the proxy voting service provider with respect to its responsibilities, including making and retaining certain records as required under applicable regulation.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure of the Advisers’ Policy to clients as required by regulation or otherwise.
2. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure to clients of how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
3. Assists the Stewardship Group with arranging the annual service provider due diligence and presenting the results to the Committee.
4. Monitors for compliance with this Policy and retains records relating to its monitoring activities pursuant to Nuveen’s Records Management program.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provides legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if substantive changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
Nuveen proxy voting conflicts of interest policy and procedures
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen (“Nuveen”) acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”).
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting by investment advisers is subject to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations, and for accounts subject to ERISA, U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) requirements. These rules and regulations require policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure proxies are voted in the best interest of clients and that such procedures set forth how the adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s interests and those of its clients. The purpose of this Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures (“Policy”) is to describe how the Advisers monitor and address the risks
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associated with Material Conflicts of Interest arising out of business and personal relationships that could affect proxy voting decisions.
Nuveen’s Stewardship Group is responsible for providing vote recommendations, based on the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), to the Advisers and for administering the voting of proxies on behalf of the Advisers. When determining how to vote proxies, the Stewardship Group adheres to the Guidelines, which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote proxies in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Advisers may face certain potential Material Conflicts of Interest when voting proxies. The procedures set forth below have been reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and address potential Material Conflicts of Interest to ensure that the Advisers’ voting decisions are based on the best interest of their clients and are not the product of a conflict.
Policy statement
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Conflicts Watch List (“Watch List”) refers to a list maintained by the Stewardship Group based on the following:
1. The positions and relationships of the following categories of individuals are evaluated to assist in identifying a potential Material Conflict with a Portfolio Company:
i. The TIAA CEO,
ii. The Nuveen Executive Leadership Team and the Nuveen Senior Leadership Team,
iii. Stewardship Group members who provide proxy voting recommendations on behalf of the Advisers,
iv. Advisory Personnel, and
v. Household Members of the parties listed above in Nos. 1(i)–1(iv).
The following criteria constitute a potential Material Conflict:
· Any individual identified above in 1(i)–1(v) who serves on a Portfolio Company’s board of directors; and/or
· Any individual identified above in 1(v) who serves as a senior executive* of a Portfolio Company.
2. In addition, the following circumstances have been determined to constitute a potential Material Conflict:
i. Voting proxies for Funds sponsored by any Adviser and/or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity (i.e., registered investment funds and other funds that require proxy voting) held in client accounts,
ii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are direct advisory clients of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that have a material distribution relationship* with regard to the products or strategies of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iv. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are institutional investment consultants with which the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities have engaged for any material business opportunity† and
v. Any other circumstance where the Stewardship Group, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, Nuveen Legal or Nuveen Compliance are aware of in which the Adviser’s duty to serve its clients’ interests could be materially compromised.
In addition, certain conflicts may arise when a Proxy Service Provider or its affiliate(s) have determined and/or disclosed that a relationship exists with i) a Portfolio Company ii) an entity acting as a primary shareholder proponent with respect to a Portfolio Company or iii) another party. Such relationships include, but are not limited to, the products and services provided to, and the revenue obtained from, such Portfolio Company or its affiliates. The Proxy Service Provider is required to disclose such relationships to the Advisers, and the
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Stewardship Group reviews and evaluates the Proxy Service Provider’s disclosed conflicts of interest and associated controls annually and reports its assessment to the Committee.
Household Member includes any of the following who reside or are expected to reside in your household for at least 90 days a year: i) spouse or Domestic Partner, ii) sibling, iii) child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, grandparent, stepparent, and in-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister).
Domestic Partner is defined as an individual who is neither a relative of, or legally married to, a Nuveen employee but shares a residence and is in a mutual commitment similar to marriage with such Nuveen employee.
Material Conflicts of Interest (“Material Conflict”) A conflict of interest that reasonably could have the potential to influence a recommendation based on the criteria described in this Policy.
Nuveen Affiliated Entities refers to TIAA and entities that are under common control with the Advisers and that provide investment advisory services. TIAA and the Advisers will undertake reasonable efforts to identify and manage any potential TIAA-related conflicts of interest.
Portfolio Company refers to any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity.
Proxy Service Provider(s) refers to any independent third-party vendor(s) who provides proxy voting administrative, research and/or recordkeeping services to Nuveen.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers generally intend to vote on specific voting categories and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers generally intend to vote proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Escalation Form (“Escalation Form”) Used in limited circumstances as described below to formally document certain requests to deviate from the Guidelines, the rationale supporting the request, and the ultimate resolution.
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* Senior executives are defined as “C-suite” positions such as CEO, CFO, COO, CAO, CMO, CIO, CTO, etc.
† Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
Policy requirements
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are prohibited from being influenced in their proxy voting decisions by any individual outside the established proxy voting process. The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are required to report to Nuveen Compliance any individuals or parties seeking to influence proxy votes outside the established proxy voting process.
The Stewardship Group generally seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines. In the event that a potential Material Conflict has been identified, the Committee, the Stewardship Group, Advisory Personnel and Nuveen Compliance are required to comply with the following:
Proxies are generally voted in accordance with the Guidelines. In instances where a proxy is issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, and the Stewardship Group’s vote direction is in support of company management and either contrary to the Guidelines or the Guidelines require a case-by-case review, then the Stewardship Group vote recommendation is evaluated using established criteria‡ to determine whether a potential conflict exists. In instances where it is determined a potential conflict exists, the vote direction shall default to the recommendation of an independent third-party Proxy Service Provider based on such provider’s benchmark policy. To the extent the Stewardship Group believes there is a justification to vote contrary to the Proxy Service Provider’s benchmark recommendation in such an instance, then such requests are evaluated and mitigated pursuant to an Escalation Form review process as described in the Roles and Responsibilities section below. In all cases votes are intended to be in line with the Guidelines and in the best interests of clients.
The Advisers are required to adhere to the baseline standards and guiding principles governing client and personnel conflicts as outlined in the TIAA Conflicts of Interest Policy to assist in identifying, escalating and addressing proxy voting conflicts in a timely manner.
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‡ Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
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Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
1. Annually, review and approve the criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Review and approve the Policy annually, or more frequently as required.
3. Review Escalation Forms as described above to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
4. Review Stewardship Group Material Conflicts reporting.
5. Review and consider any other matters involving the Advisers’ proxy voting activities that are brought to the Committee.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Promptly disclose Stewardship Group members’ Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Stewardship Group members must recuse themselves from all decisions related to proxy voting for the Portfolio Company seeking the proxy for which they personally have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. Compile, administer and update the Watch List promptly based on the Watch List criteria described herein as necessary.
4. Evaluate vote recommendations for Portfolio Companies on the Watch List, based on established criteria to determine whether a vote shall default to the third-party Proxy Service Provider, or whether an Escalation Form is required.
5. In instances where an Escalation Form is required as described above, the Stewardship Group member responsible for the recommendation completes and submits the form to a Stewardship Group manager and the Committee. The Stewardship Group will specify a response due date from the Committee typically no earlier than two business days from when the request was delivered. While the Stewardship Group will make reasonable efforts to provide a two-business-day notification period, in certain instances the required response date may be shortened. The Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether a Material Conflict exists and whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the existing conflict. The Committee will then provide its response in writing to the Stewardship Group member who submitted the Escalation Form.
6. Provide Nuveen Compliance with established reporting.
7. Prepare Material Conflicts reporting to the Committee and other parties, as applicable.
8. Retain Escalation Forms and responses thereto and all other relevant documentation in conformance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
Advisory Personnel
1. Promptly disclose Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Provide input and/or vote recommendations to the Stewardship Group upon request. Advisory Personnel are prohibited from providing the Stewardship Group with input and/or recommendations for any Portfolio Company for which they have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. From time to time as part of the Adviser’s normal course of business, Advisory Personnel may initiate an action to override the Guidelines for a particular proposal. For a proxy vote issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, if Advisory Personnel request a vote against the Guidelines and in favor of Portfolio Company management, then the request will be evaluated by the Stewardship Group in accordance with their established criteria and processes described above. To the extent an Escalation Form is required, the Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Determine criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Determine parties responsible for collection of, and providing identified Material Conflicts to, the Stewardship Group for inclusion on the Watch List.
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3. Perform periodic reviews of votes where Material Conflicts have been identified to determine whether the votes were cast in accordance with this Policy.
4. Develop and maintain, in consultation with the Stewardship Group, standard operating procedures to support the Policy.
5. Perform periodic monitoring to determine adherence to the Policy.
6. Administer training to the Advisers and the Stewardship Group, as applicable, to ensure applicable personnel understand Material Conflicts and disclosure responsibilities.
7. Assist the Committee with the annual review of this Policy.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provide legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
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NGN-NONUSELC-0224P |
February 29, 2024 | ||
Listing Exchange |
Ticker Symbol | |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
NYSE Arca, Inc. |
NDVG |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
NYSE Arca, Inc. |
NSCS |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
NYSE Arca, Inc. |
NWLG |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI relates to, and should be read in conjunction with, the prospectus dated February 29, 2024, for the Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF, Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF, and Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF (each, a “Fund” and, collectively, the “Funds”), each a series of Nushares ETF Trust (the “Trust”), as such prospectus may be revised from time to time (the “Prospectus”). Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. A Prospectus may be obtained without charge from the Funds by visiting the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf or calling (888) 290-9881.
The Funds’ audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Funds’ most recent Annual Report to Shareholders. You may obtain a copy of a Fund’s Annual Report at no charge by request to the Fund, visiting the website or calling the phone number noted above.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
Each of the Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF is a diversified series of the Trust, and the Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF is a non-diversified series of the Trust. The Trust is an open-end management investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on February 20, 2015. Each series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets, with its own objective and policies. Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) within the Nuveen family of ETFs (the “Nuveen ETFs”). Each Fund’s investment adviser is Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (“Nuveen Fund Advisors” or the “Adviser”). Each of the Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF’s sub-adviser is Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“Nuveen Asset Management”), and Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF’s sub-adviser is Winslow Capital Management, LLC (“Winslow Capital”) (each, a “Sub-Adviser” and, together, the “Sub-Advisers”). The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational and offering expenses of the Trust.
Unlike a mutual fund, each Fund issues and redeems shares at its net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in large block aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Units”). Only certain institutional investors who have entered into agreements with the Funds’ distributor (“Authorized Participants”) may purchase and redeem shares directly from the Funds at NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the Funds are not redeemable securities. See “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units” later in this SAI for more information.
Each Fund's shares are listed for trading on the NYSE Arca, Inc., a national securities exchange (the “Listing Exchange”), and may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the Listing Exchange. The shares trade on the Listing Exchange at market prices that may differ from the shares’ NAVs.
Each Fund is an actively managed, non-transparent ETF that is a licensee of the Natixis proxy portfolio model and is subject to the terms of the exemptive relief based on the exemptive order issued by the SEC to Natixis Advisors, L.P. and Natixis ETF Trust II on December 10, 2019 (the “Natixis Order”).
Each Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), so that it will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are timely distributed to Fund shareholders. Each Fund invests its assets, and otherwise conducts its operations, in a manner that is intended to satisfy the qualifying income, diversification and distribution requirements necessary to establish and maintain eligibility for such treatment.
PROXY PORTFOLIO
Proxy Portfolio Methodology
Unlike a traditional ETF, each Fund does not disclose its portfolio holdings daily. Rather, each Fund discloses a portfolio transparency substitute, known as the “Proxy Portfolio,” and certain related information about the relative performance of the Proxy Portfolio and each Fund’s Actual Portfolio holdings, which are designed to facilitate an effective arbitrage mechanism for each Fund’s shares while protecting the identity of each Fund’s full portfolio holdings. Each Fund believes that daily disclosure of its full portfolio holdings could enable market participants to predict each Fund’s trading strategy and trade ahead of each Fund’s portfolio trades (a practice known as “front-running”), or to copy each Fund’s investment strategy (a practice known as “free riding”). The purpose of the proxy portfolio methodology, as described below (the “Proxy Portfolio Methodology”) is to protect each Fund and its shareholders against such practices. Although each Fund does not publish its full portfolio holdings daily, the Proxy Portfolio Methodology is designed to allow Authorized Participants and other market makers to assess the intraday value and associated risk characteristics of each Fund’s Actual Portfolio.
An important feature of the Proxy Portfolio Methodology is the daily disclosure of a basket of cash and securities—the Proxy Portfolio—that is designed and constructed to closely track the daily performance of each Fund’s Actual Portfolio. In addition to the Proxy Portfolio, each Fund will disclose daily the percentage weight overlap between the holdings of the Proxy Portfolio and the Actual Portfolio that formed the basis for each Fund’s calculation of NAV at the end of the prior Business Day (the “Proxy Overlap”). Daily disclosure of the Proxy Portfolio, the Proxy Overlap and the other related Proxy Portfolio Disclosures is designed to enable Authorized Participants and other market participants to accurately assess the profitability of arbitrage trades in shares of each Fund and to effectively hedge their risks
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associated with arbitrage and market making activities, thereby helping to ensure that investors can purchase and sell Fund shares in the secondary market at prices that are at or close to the underlying NAV per share of each Fund.
Proxy Portfolio
The goal of the Proxy Portfolio Methodology is to permit each Fund’s Proxy Portfolio, during all market conditions, to track closely the daily performance of each Fund’s Actual Portfolio and to minimize intra-day misalignment between the performance of the Proxy Portfolio and the performance of the Actual Portfolio. The Proxy Portfolio is designed to reflect the economic exposures and the risk characteristics of the Actual Portfolio on any given trading day.
Construction of a Proxy Portfolio that replicates the daily performance of the Actual Portfolio is achieved by performing a factor model analysis of each Fund’s Actual Portfolio. The factor model is comprised of three sets of factors or analytical metrics: market-based factors, fundamental factors, and industry/sector factors. Each Fund has a universe of securities (the “Model Universe”) that is used to generate the Fund’s Proxy Portfolio. The Model Universe is comprised of securities that the Fund can purchase and is a financial index or stated portfolio of securities from which Fund investments are selected. The results of the factor model analysis of each Fund’s Actual Portfolio are then applied to each Fund’s model universe of securities, resulting in the generation of a Proxy Portfolio, which consists of a small subset of the securities in the Model Universe. The Proxy Portfolio is designed to perform in a manner substantially identical to the performance of the Actual Portfolio. The Proxy Portfolio only includes securities and investments in which each Fund may invest. However, while the Proxy Portfolio and the Actual Portfolio are likely to hold some or many of the same securities, the Proxy Portfolio and a Fund’s Actual Portfolio may not include identical securities. The Proxy Portfolio is reconstituted daily.
Proxy Portfolio Disclosures
The composition of the Proxy Portfolio is published on the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf each Business Day and includes the following information for each portfolio holding in the Proxy Portfolio: (1) ticker symbol; (2) CUSIP or other identifier; (3) description of holding; (4) quantity of each security or other asset held; and (5) percentage weight of the holding in the Proxy Portfolio. The Funds’ website publishes on a daily basis, per share for each Fund, the prior Business Day’s NAV and the Closing Price or Bid/Ask Price (each as defined below), and a calculation of the premium/discount of the Closing Price or Bid/Ask Price against such NAV. The Funds’ website also publishes a variety of other information metrics regarding the relative behavior of the Proxy Portfolio and the Actual Portfolio, including the Proxy Overlap (defined below). Additional information about how the Proxy Portfolio and the Proxy Overlap are calculated can be found in this SAI and on the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf. The website also includes Tracking Error for each Fund and, once a Fund has completed a fiscal year, the median bid/ask spread (expressed as a percentage rounded to the nearest hundredth), which is computed by identifying the Fund’s National Best Bid and Offer as of the end of each ten second interval during each trading day of the last thirty calendar days, dividing the difference between each such bid and offer by the midpoint of the National Best Bid and Offer and identifying the median of these values. Additionally, the Funds are required to disclose on their website a table showing the number of days the Funds’ shares traded at a premium/discount and a line graph showing the Funds’ share premiums or discounts during the most recently completed calendar year and the most recently completed calendar quarters since that year (or the life of the Funds).
Each Fund believes that the Proxy Portfolio Disclosures enables Authorized Participants and other market makers to use the component securities and their weightings of the Proxy Portfolio to calculate intraday values that approximate the value of the securities in the Actual Portfolio and, based thereon, assess whether the market price of a Fund’s shares is higher or lower than the approximate contemporaneous value of the Actual Portfolio. These activities are intended to facilitate an arbitrage mechanism that keeps market prices of a Fund’s shares at or close to a Fund’s NAV. Moreover, the Proxy Portfolio Disclosures generated by the Proxy Portfolio Methodology are intended to facilitate effective hedging activities by market makers, so that share market price bid/ask spreads are narrow. Below are some definitions of the defined terms used above:
· Closing Price – the official closing price of the share on each Fund’s primary listing exchange.
· Bid/Ask Price – the midpoint of the highest bid and the lowest offer based upon the National Best Bid and Offer as of the time of calculation of each Fund’s NAV.
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· National Best Bid and Offer – the current national best bid and national best offer as disseminated by the Consolidated Quotation System or UTP Plan Securities Information Processor.
· Proxy Overlap – the percentage weight overlap between the holdings of the prior Business Day’s Proxy Portfolio compared to the Actual Portfolio’s holdings that formed the basis for each Fund’s calculation of NAV at the end of the prior Business Day. The Proxy Overlap is calculated based on the Proxy Portfolio and portfolio holdings as of the prior Business Day. The Proxy Overlap is calculated by taking the lesser weight of each asset held in common between the Actual Portfolio and the Proxy Portfolio and adding the totals. Additional information about how the Proxy Overlap is calculated can be found on the Funds’ website at www.nuveen.com/etf.
· Tracking Error – At the end of each trading day, each Fund calculates its Proxy Overlap and the standard deviation over the past three months of the daily proxy spread (i.e., the difference, in percentage terms, between the Proxy Portfolio per share NAV and that of the Actual Portfolio at the end of the trading day) and publish such information before the opening of Fund share trading each Business Day.
Monitoring of Actual and Proxy Portfolio Securities
A security held in the Actual Portfolio but not in the Proxy Portfolio might not have readily available market quotations, which could be the situation when, for example, each Fund’s primary listing exchange institutes an extended trading halt in a portfolio security, leading to a potential increase in the difference between the value of the Actual Portfolio and Proxy Portfolio. If the trading of a security held in a Fund’s Actual Portfolio is halted or otherwise does not have readily available market quotations and the Adviser or a Sub-Adviser believes that the lack of any such readily available market quotations may affect the reliability of the Proxy Portfolio as an arbitrage vehicle or otherwise determines it is in the best interest of a Fund, the Adviser or a Sub-Adviser promptly will disclose on the Funds’ website the identity and weighting of such security for so long as such security’s trading is halted or otherwise does not have readily available market quotations and remains in the Actual Portfolio. The Adviser and Sub-Advisers believe that this intraday corrective measure will allow sufficient market information so that market participants can continue to engage in share arbitrage and hedging transactions effectively. If securities representing 10% or more of a Fund’s Actual Portfolio do not have readily available market quotations, the Adviser or a Sub-Adviser would promptly request that the Fund’s primary listing exchange halt trading in a Fund’s shares.
The Adviser and Sub-Advisers believe that in situations where a security in the Proxy Portfolio does not have a readily available market quotation, the effectiveness of the Proxy Portfolio as an arbitrage vehicle is unlikely to be materially affected given the large number of securities expected to be included in the Proxy Portfolio. If, however, the Adviser or a Sub-Adviser believes that the lack of any such readily available market quotations may affect the reliability of the Proxy Portfolio as an arbitrage vehicle or otherwise determines it is in the best interest of a Fund, the Adviser or a Sub-Adviser will promptly take any remedial steps it believes necessary and appropriate.
Oversight of Arbitrage Mechanism
Both the Adviser (or Sub-Adviser) and the Board oversee the effectiveness of the Funds’ arbitrage mechanism. The Adviser (or Sub-Adviser) conduct day-to-day oversight of the arbitrage mechanism and the Board considers, and receives reports regarding, the effectiveness of the Funds’ arbitrage mechanism at its quarterly meetings. The reports provided to the Board provide key data and metrics relating to the effectiveness of the Funds’ arbitrage mechanism, including information regarding the premiums or discounts between the market prices and NAVs of a Fund’s shares during the quarter, the bid-ask spreads for the shares during the quarter and any other information the Board deems reasonably necessary. This information is designed to enable the Board to assess whether a Fund’s arbitrage mechanism is effective and whether trading activity in Fund shares warrants additional scrutiny. The Adviser (or Sub-Adviser) monitors the premiums or discounts between the market prices and NAVs of a Fund’s shares and the bid/ask spreads for the Fund’s shares on a daily basis at the end of each Business Day.
The Adviser (or Sub-Adviser) monitors on an on-going basis how shares trade, including the level of any premium/discount to NAV and the bid/ask spreads on market transactions. For at least the first three years after the launch of a Fund, the Adviser will promptly call a meeting of the Board (and will present to the Board for its consideration, recommendations for appropriate remedial measures) and the
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Board will promptly meet (1) if the Tracking Error exceeds 1%; (2) if, for 30 or more days in any quarter or 15 days in a row (a) the absolute difference between either the Closing Price or the Bid/Ask Price, on one hand, and NAV, on the other, exceeds 2%; or (b) the bid/ask spread exceeds 2%; or (3) as otherwise deemed necessary or appropriate by the Adviser (or Sub-Adviser). In such a circumstance, the Board will consider the continuing viability of the Fund, whether shareholders are being harmed, and what, if any, corrective measures would be appropriate to, among other things, narrow the Tracking Error, premium/discount, or bid/ask spread, as applicable. The Board will then decide whether to take any such action. Potential actions may include, but are not limited to: (a) changing lead market makers; (b) listing the Fund on a different Exchange; (c) changing the size of Creation Units; (d) changing the Fund’s investment objective or strategy; (e) publicly disclosing additional information regarding the Proxy Portfolio and/or Actual Portfolio; and (f) revising the algorithms and Model Universe used as part of the Proxy Portfolio Methodology. Should the Adviser (or Sub-Adviser) conclude that the premium/discount between the market price and NAV of the shares remains persistently high, it could recommend to the Board that it liquidate the applicable Fund or authorize the Adviser to pursue the potential conversion of the Fund to a fully-transparent, active ETF or a mutual fund. The Board will also regularly review each Fund’s historical premiums/discounts and bid-ask spreads following the three-year period after the Fund’s launch, under the same standards as applied during the first three years of a Fund’s life, and determine if any corrective measures may be appropriate.
Protecting Confidential Information
Because the Funds do not publicly disclose their Actual Portfolio holdings daily, the selective disclosure of material non-public information, including information other than portfolio information, would be more likely to provide an unfair advantage to the recipient than in other ETFs. Accordingly, the Funds and each person acting on behalf of the Funds are required to comply with Regulation Fair Disclosure as if it applied to them (except that the exemptions provided in Rule 100(b)(2)(iii) therein shall not apply). In addition, the Actual Portfolio is considered material, non-public information under the codes of ethics for each of the Trust, Adviser, Sub-Adviser and Distributor. Further, each agreement between the Trust and a service provider that may be given access to the Actual Portfolio, including the custodian, administrator and fund accountant, will include appropriate confidentiality provisions and generally prohibit such parties from trading based upon this information.
GENERAL RISKS
An investment in the Funds should be made with an understanding that the value of the Funds’ portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. The Funds may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Funds may decline in value. The Funds’ shares may trade above or below their NAV. An investor in the Funds could lose money over short or long periods of time. The price of the securities and other investments held by the Funds and thus the value of the Funds’ portfolios are expected to fluctuate in accordance with general economic conditions, interest rates, political events, and other factors.
Investor perceptions may also impact the value of each Fund’s investments and the value of an investment in each Fund’s shares. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, public health or banking crises. Issuer-specific conditions may also affect the value of a Fund’s investments. The financial condition of an issuer of a security or counterparty to a contract may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security or contract. The Funds cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer or counterparty defaults. Accordingly, the value of an investment in a Fund may change in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of a Fund’s portfolio securities.
Although the Funds attempt to invest in liquid securities and instruments, there can be no guarantee that a liquid market for such securities and instruments will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of a Fund’s shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
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CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The method by which Creation Units are created and Fund shares are subsequently traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if, after placing an order for Creation Units with Nuveen Securities, LLC (“Nuveen Securities” or the “Distributor”), the broker-dealer or its client breaks them down into constituent shares and sells such shares directly to customers, or if the broker-dealer or its client chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the 1933 Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to shares of a Fund are reminded that pursuant to Rule 153 under the 1933 Act, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the 1933 Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Fund’s Prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the Prospectus and under “Investment Policies and Techniques” below, each Fund is subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The investment restrictions set forth in numbers (1) through (8) below are fundamental and cannot be changed with respect to a Fund without approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, i.e., by the lesser of the vote of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting where more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF may not:
(1) With respect to 75% of the total assets of the Fund, individually, purchase the securities of any issuer (other than (i) securities issued by other investment companies, (ii) securities issued by the U.S. government, its agencies, instrumentalities or authorities, or (iii) repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. government securities) if, as a result, (i) more than 5% of a Fund’s total assets would be invested in securities of that issuer, or (ii) the Fund would hold more than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of that issuer.
(2) Issue senior securities, except as permitted under the 1940 Act.
(3) Borrow money, except as permitted by the 1940 Act and exemptive orders granted under the 1940 Act.
A Fund may not:
(4) Act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
(5) Make loans except as permitted by the 1940 Act and exemptive orders granted under the 1940 Act.
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(6) Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from investing in options on commodity indices, commodity futures contracts and options thereon, commodity-related swap agreements, other commodity-related derivative instruments, and investment companies that provide exposure to commodities.
(7) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or of issuers engaged in real estate activities).
(8) Purchase the securities of any issuer if, as a result, 25% or more of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in the securities of issuers whose principal business activities are in the same industry; except that this restriction shall not be applicable to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
Except with respect to the limitations set forth in number (3) above, the foregoing restrictions and limitations will apply only at the time of purchase of securities, and the percentage limitations will not be considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of an acquisition of securities, unless otherwise indicated.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in numbers (2) and (3) above, under the 1940 Act as currently in effect, the Fund is not permitted to issue senior securities, except that the Fund may borrow from any bank if immediately after such borrowing the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 300% of the principal amount of all of the Fund’s borrowings (i.e., the principal amount of the borrowings may not exceed 33⅓% of the Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300%, the Fund shall, within three calendar days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays), reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowing shall be at least 300%. No exemptive orders have been issued with respect to the limitation set forth in number (3). No Fund will borrow for investment purposes or hold short positions.
For purposes of applying the limitation set forth in number (5) above, there are no limitations with respect to unsecured loans made by the Fund to an unaffiliated party. However, if the Fund loans its portfolio securities, the obligation on the part of the Fund to return collateral upon termination of the loan could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. In order to avoid violation of Section 18(f), the Fund may not make a loan of portfolio securities if, as a result, more than one-third of its total asset value (at market value computed at the time of making a loan) would be on loan.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (8) above, issuers of the following securities will not be considered to be members of any industry: securities of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities; except as set forth in the following sentence, tax-exempt securities of state, territory, possession or municipal governments and their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and repurchase agreements collateralized by any such obligations. To the extent that the income from a municipal bond is derived principally from the assets and revenues of non-governmental users, the securities will be deemed to be from the industry of that non-governmental user. To the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitations set forth in number (8) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, all sovereign debt of a single country will be considered investments in a single industry.
Where a security is guaranteed by a governmental entity or some other facility, such as a bank guarantee or letter of credit, such a guarantee or letter of credit would be considered a separate security and would be treated as an issue of such government, other entity or bank.
The foregoing fundamental investment policies, together with the investment objective of the Fund, cannot be changed without approval by holders of a “majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting shares.” As defined in the 1940 Act, this means the vote of (i) 67% or more of a Fund’s shares present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the Fund’s shares are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of a Fund’s shares, whichever is less.
In addition, each of the Funds’ fundamental policies will comply with the exemptive relief based on the Natixis Order.
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In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, each Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Funds’ Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without a shareholder vote.
A Fund may not:
(1) Acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on subparagraph (F) or subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act.
(2) Invest directly in futures, options on futures and swaps to the extent that the Adviser would be required to register with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator. See “Investment Policies and Techniques—Derivatives—Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps.”
The following Funds have adopted a non-fundamental investment policy pursuant to Rule 35d-1 under the 1940 Act (the “Name Policy”). Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF, under normal market conditions, invests at least 80% of the sum of its net assets in dividend-paying exchange-traded equity securities, which include common stocks and preferred securities. Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF, under normal market conditions, invests at least 80% of the sum of its net assets in exchange-traded common stocks of small-capitalization companies. Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF, under normal market conditions, invests at least 80% of the sum of its net assets in exchange-traded equity securities of companies with large capitalizations at the time of purchase. As a result, each of these Funds must provide shareholders with a notice, meeting the requirements of Rule 35d-1(c), at least 60 days prior to any change of its Name Policy. For purposes of the Name Policy, each Fund may consider both direct investments and indirect investments (e.g., investments in other investment companies, derivatives and synthetic instruments with economic characteristics similar to the direct investments that meet the Name Policy) when determining compliance with the Name Policy. For purposes of the Name Policy, the Funds will value eligible derivatives at fair value or market value instead of notional value. If, subsequent to an investment, the 80% requirement is no longer met, a Fund’s future investments will be made in a manner that will bring the Fund into compliance with this policy.
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES
The following information supplements the discussion of the Funds’ investment objectives, principal investment strategies, policies and techniques that appears in the Prospectus for the Funds. Additional information concerning principal investment strategies of the Funds, and other investment strategies that may be used by the Funds, are set forth below in alphabetical order.
If a percentage limitation on investments by a Fund stated in this SAI or the Prospectus is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from changes in asset value will not be deemed to violate the limitation except in the case of the limitations on borrowing. In connection with the Fund’s investment restrictions, any reference in this SAI or the Prospectus to a specific rating encompasses all gradations of that rating (e.g., if this SAI or the Prospectus states that a fund may invest in securities rated as low as B, the fund may invest in securities rated B-).
References in this section to the Adviser also apply, to the extent applicable, to the Sub-Adviser of the Funds.
Borrowing Money
Each Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by the 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. The Funds will not borrow for investment purposes. Although the 1940 Act presently allows each Fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets), under normal circumstances any borrowings by a Fund will not exceed 10% of the Fund’s total assets. While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, a Fund will, for all of its reverse repurchase agreements, either (i) consistent with Section 18 of the 1940 Act, maintain asset coverage of at least 300% of the value of the repurchase agreement, or (ii) treat the reverse repurchase agreement as a derivatives transaction for purposes of Rule 18f-4, including, as applicable, the value-at-risk-based limit on leverage risk.
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Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
Each Fund may hold assets in cash or cash equivalents (short-term U.S. Treasury securities, government money market funds only) and repurchase agreements, in such proportions as warranted by prevailing market conditions and the Fund’s principal investment strategies. Each Fund may only invest in short-term taxable fixed income securities with a maturity of one year or less and whose issuers have a long-term rating of at least A- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”), A3 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or A- or higher by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”). Short-term taxable fixed income securities are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government Securities. Each Fund may invest in U.S. government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest, which are either issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury. The U.S. government does not guarantee the market value of its securities, and consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate.
(2) Repurchase Agreements. Each Fund may invest in repurchase agreements which involve purchases of debt securities. In such an action, at the time the Fund purchases the security, it simultaneously agrees to resell and redeliver the security to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the security at a fixed price and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period since the resale price is always greater than the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to certain obligations. Collateral may consist of any fixed income security which is an eligible investment for the Fund. The Fund’s custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase agreement, or the securities will be part of the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the collateral falls below the repurchase price under the repurchase agreement (including any accrued interest), the Fund will promptly receive additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to the repurchase price plus accrued interest). Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, however, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The portfolio managers monitor the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement. The portfolio managers do so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(3) Money Market Funds. Each Fund may invest in government money market funds. A Fund will bear its proportionate share of the money market fund’s fees and expenses (see “Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles” below).
Derivatives
Subject to the limitations set forth below under “Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps,” each Fund may use derivative instruments as described below. Generally, a derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives generally take the form of contracts under which the parties agree to payments between them based upon the performance of a wide variety of underlying references, such as stocks, bonds, loans, commodities, interest rates, currency exchange rates, and various domestic and foreign indices.
A Fund may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including as a substitute for investing directly in securities, as part of a hedging strategy (that is, for the purpose of reducing risk to the Fund), or for other purposes related to the management of the Fund. Derivatives permit a Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of
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its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. However, derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest. As a result, a small investment in derivatives could have a large impact on a Fund’s performance.
Each Fund may use exchange-traded, U.S.-listed futures contracts. The Funds do not engage in over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivatives. When exchange-traded derivatives are purchased and sold, a clearing agency associated with the exchange stands between each buyer and seller and effectively guarantees performance of each contract, either on a limited basis through a guaranty fund or to the full extent of the clearing agency’s balance sheet.
The use of derivative instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the CFTC, various state regulatory authorities and, with respect to exchange-traded derivatives, the several exchanges upon which they are traded. Under Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, a registered investment company’s derivatives exposure, which includes short positions for this purpose, is limited through a value-at-risk test and Rule 18f-4 requires the adoption and implementation of a derivatives risk management program for certain derivatives users. However, subject to certain conditions, limited derivatives users (as defined in Rule 18f-4) are not subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. Rule 18f-4 could limit a Fund’s ability to engage in certain derivatives transactions and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions, which could adversely affect the value or performance of the Fund. Moreover, there may be asset coverage requirements for certain arrangements. In order to engage in certain transactions in derivatives, a Fund may be required to hold offsetting positions or to hold cash or liquid securities in a segregated account or designated on the Fund’s books. Changes in the value of a derivative may also create margin delivery or settlement payment obligations for a Fund. In addition, a Fund’s ability to use derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.
The particular derivative instruments a Fund can use are described below. A Fund’s portfolio managers may decide not to employ some or all of these instruments, and there is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by a Fund will succeed. A Fund may employ new derivative instruments and strategies when they are developed, if those investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.
Futures
Each Fund may engage in futures transactions. A Fund may buy and sell futures contracts that relate to an asset that the Fund could invest in directly, or in the case of an index future, is based on an index of a type of asset that the Fund could invest in directly, such as an S&P 500 index future. A Fund may only enter into futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S. futures exchange, such as the Chicago Board of Trade or the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security, interest rate or currency (each a “financial instrument”) for a set price on a future date. Certain futures contracts, such as futures contracts relating to individual securities, call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument. However, these contracts generally are closed out before delivery by entering into an offsetting purchase or sale of a matching futures contract. Other futures contracts, such as futures contracts on indices, do not call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument, but rather are agreements pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the financial instrument at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the contract was originally written. These contracts also may be settled by entering into an offsetting futures contract.
Unlike when a Fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, a Fund will be required to deposit with its futures broker (also known as a futures commission merchant (“FCM”)) an amount of cash or securities equal to a specified percentage of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin. The margin deposit is intended to ensure completion of the contract. Minimum initial margin requirements are established by the futures exchanges and may be revised. In addition, FCMs may establish margin deposit requirements that are higher than the exchange minimums. Cash held as margin is generally invested by the FCM in high-quality instruments permitted under CFTC regulations, with returns retained by the FCM and interest paid to the Fund on the cash at an agreed-upon rate. A Fund will also receive any interest paid from coupon-bearing securities, such as Treasury securities, held in margin accounts. Subsequent payments to and from the FCM, called variation margin, will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying financial instrument fluctuates, making the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking the contract to market. Changes in variation margin are recorded by a Fund
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as unrealized gains or losses. At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, a Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position that will operate to terminate its position in the futures contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the Fund, and the Fund realizes a gain or loss. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of an FCM that holds margin on behalf of a Fund, the Fund may be entitled to the return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM’s other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the Fund. Futures transactions also involve brokerage costs.
Most U.S. futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures
Each Fund will limit its direct investments in CFTC-regulated futures (“CFTC Derivatives”) to the extent necessary for the Adviser to claim the exclusion from regulation as a commodity pool operator with respect to each Fund under CFTC Rule 4.5, as such rule may be amended from time to time. Under Rule 4.5 as currently in effect, each Fund will limit its trading activity in CFTC Derivatives (excluding activity for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined by the CFTC) such that it meets one of the following tests:
· Aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its positions in CFTC Derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions; or
· Aggregate net notional value of its positions in CFTC Derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions.
With respect to each Fund, the Adviser has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator thereunder.
The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may also limit the extent to which a Fund may invest in CFTC Derivatives. See “Tax Matters—Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company.”
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts
Each Fund’s transactions in futures contracts will be subject to special provisions of the Code, that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying to be taxed as a regulated investment company and the distribution requirement for avoiding excise taxes.
Risks and Special Considerations Concerning Derivatives
The use of derivative instruments involves certain general risks and considerations as described below.
(1) Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that the value of the underlying assets may go up or down. Adverse movements in the value of an underlying asset can expose a Fund to losses. The successful use of derivative instruments depends upon a variety of factors, particularly the portfolio managers’ ability to predict movements in the relevant markets, which may require different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy adopted will succeed.
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(2) Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of a counterparty to comply with the terms of a derivative instrument. The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is generally less than for OTC derivatives, since generally a clearing agency, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For many OTC instruments, there is no similar clearing agency guarantee. In all transactions, a Fund will bear the risk that the counterparty will default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. Each Fund will enter into derivatives transactions only with counterparties that its portfolio managers reasonably believe are capable of performing under the contract.
(3) Correlation Risk. Correlation risk is the risk that there might be an imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of a derivative instrument and price movements of investments being hedged. When a derivative transaction is used to completely hedge another position, changes in the market value of the combined position (the derivative instrument plus the position being hedged) result from an imperfect correlation between the price movements of the two instruments. With a perfect hedge, the value of the combined position remains unchanged with any change in the price of the underlying asset. With an imperfect hedge, the value of the derivative instrument and its hedge are not perfectly correlated. This might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using instruments on indices will depend, in part, on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and the price movements in the investments being hedged.
(4) Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a derivative instrument cannot be sold, closed out or replaced quickly at or very close to its fundamental value. Generally, exchange contracts are very liquid because the exchange clearinghouse is the counterparty of every contract. OTC transactions are less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives since they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction. A Fund might be required to maintain assets as “cover,” maintain segregated accounts, and/or make margin payments when it takes positions in derivative instruments involving obligations to third parties (i.e., instruments other than purchase options). If a Fund is unable to close out its positions in such instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until the position expires, matures or is closed out. These requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Fund’s ability to sell or close out a position in an instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends upon the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the counterparty to enter into a transaction closing out the position. There is no assurance that any derivatives position can be sold or closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund.
(5) Legal Risk. Legal risk is the risk of loss caused by the unenforceability of a party’s obligations under the derivative. While a party seeking price certainty agrees to surrender the potential upside in exchange for downside protection, the party taking the risk is looking for a positive payoff. Despite this voluntary assumption of risk, a counterparty that has lost money in a derivative transaction may try to avoid payment by exploiting various legal uncertainties about certain derivative products.
(6) Systemic or “Interconnection” Risk. Systemic or interconnection risk is the risk that a disruption in the financial markets will cause difficulties for all market participants. In other words, a disruption in one market will spill over into other markets, perhaps creating a chain reaction.
(7) Leverage Risk. Leverage risk is the risk that a Fund may be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged due to leverage’s tendency to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may also cause a Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.
(8) Regulatory Risk. The Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has initiated a dramatic revision of the U.S. financial regulatory framework and covers a broad range of topics, including (among many others) a reorganization of federal financial regulators; a process intended to improve financial systemic stability and the
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resolution of potentially insolvent financial firms; and new rules for derivatives trading. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act makes broad changes to the OTC derivatives market, grants significant new authority to the SEC and the CFTC to regulate OTC derivatives and market participants, and will require clearing and exchange trading of many OTC derivatives transactions. New requirements, such as capital requirements and mandatory clearing of OTC derivatives transactions, have impacted and may continue to impact the costs to a fund of trading these instruments and, as a result, may affect returns to investors in a Fund. Instruments in which a Fund may invest, or the issuers of such instruments, may be affected by the new legislation and regulation in ways that are unforeseeable. Certain of the implementing regulations have not yet been finalized or made effective. Accordingly, the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act, including on the derivative instruments in which a Fund may invest, is not yet certain.
Equity Securities
Under normal market conditions, the Funds primarily invest in equity securities, which include common stocks, preferred securities and interests in real estate investment trusts.
Common Stocks
Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred securities, dividends on common stocks are not prescribed in advance but are declared at the discretion of a company’s board.
While investing in stocks allows shareholders to participate in the benefits of owning a company, such shareholders must accept the risks of ownership. Unlike bondholders, who have preference to a company’s earnings and cash flow, common stockholders are entitled only to the residual amount after a company meets its other obligations. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects than its debt obligations. Stockholders of a company that fares poorly can lose money.
Stock markets tend to move in cycles with short or extended periods of rising and falling stock prices. The value of a company’s stock may fall because of:
· Factors that directly relate to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services;
· Factors affecting an entire industry, such as increases in production costs; and
· Changes in financial market conditions that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates or inflation rates.
An investment in common stocks of issuers with small or medium market capitalizations generally involves greater risk and price volatility than an investment in common stocks of larger, more established companies. This increased risk may be due to the greater business risks of their small or medium size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of management depth. The securities of small and medium capitalization companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market, and might not be traded in volumes typical of securities traded on a national securities exchange. Thus, the securities of small and medium capitalization companies are likely to be less liquid and subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established companies.
Preferred Securities
Like common stocks, preferred securities are also units of ownership in a company, but preferred securities normally have preference over common stocks in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of the company. In all other respects, however, preferred securities are subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer. Unlike common stocks, preferred securities are generally not entitled to vote on corporate matters. Types of preferred securities include adjustable-rate preferred securities, fixed dividend preferred securities, perpetual preferred securities and sinking fund preferred securities. Generally, the market value of preferred securities with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk.
Because preferred securities are generally junior to most other forms of debt securities and other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater changes in the value of a preferred security than in a more senior debt security with similar stated yield characteristics.
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Real Estate Investment Trusts
Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding, and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate located in the United States or foreign countries. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 90% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.
REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation which are realized through property sales. A mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT.
Investing in REITs would subject a Fund to risks associated with the real estate industry. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies which own and operate real estate directly, companies which lend to such companies, and companies which service the real estate industry.
The Fund may also be subject to risks associated with direct investments in REITs. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders. REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Code or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.
Illiquid Investments
The Funds may invest in illiquid investments (i.e., investments that a Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment). For purposes of this restriction, illiquid investments include, but are not limited to, restricted securities (securities the disposition of which is restricted under the federal securities laws) and repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days. However, a Fund will not acquire illiquid investments if, as a result, such securities would comprise more than 15% of the value of a Fund’s net assets. The Board or its delegate has the ultimate authority to determine, to the extent permissible under the federal securities laws, which securities are liquid or illiquid for purposes of this 15% limitation. The Board has delegated to the Adviser the day-to-day determination of the illiquidity of any portfolio security, although it has retained oversight over and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. The Adviser works with and to a large extent relies on the expertise and advice of the Sub-Adviser in making these liquidity determinations. Although no definitive liquidity criteria are used, the Board has directed the Adviser to look to such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale market, the frequency of trades and quotes for the security, the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security, and the amount of time normally needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer); (ii) the terms of certain securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g., certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); and (iii) other permissible relevant facts.
Restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the 1933 Act. Where registration is required, a Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable
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period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time a Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, a Fund might obtain a less favorable price than that which prevailed when it decided to sell. Illiquid investments will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or its delegate.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
In order to generate additional income, each Fund may lend portfolio securities representing up to one-third of the value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers of securities that the Adviser has determined are creditworthy. The securities lending agent will generally bear the risk that a borrower may default on its obligation to return loaned securities; however, a Fund bears the risk that the securities lending agent may default on its contractual obligations to the Fund. A Fund also bears the market risk with respect to the investment of the cash collateral used to secure the loan. A Fund may lose money on its investment of cash collateral or may fail to earn sufficient income on its investment to meet its obligations to the borrower. Each Fund will pay a portion of the income earned on other lending transactions to the placing broker and may pay administrative and custodial fees in connection with these loans.
In these loan arrangements, a Fund will receive cash collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the securities loaned as determined at the time of loan origination. If the market value of the loaned securities increases, the borrower must furnish additional collateral to the Fund. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays a Fund any dividends or interest paid on the securities. Loans are subject to termination at any time by a Fund or the borrower. While a Fund does not have the right to vote securities on loan, it would terminate the loan and regain the right to vote if that were considered important with respect to the investment.
When a Fund lends portfolio securities to a borrower, payments in lieu of dividends made by the borrower to the Fund will not constitute “qualified dividends” taxable at the same rate as long-term capital gains, even if the actual dividends would have constituted qualified dividends had the Fund held the securities. However, each Fund currently recalls all loaned securities from the borrower so that it may receive dividends paid on the securities, if any.
Non-U.S. Securities
The Funds may invest in common stocks listed on a foreign exchange that trade on such exchange contemporaneously with Fund shares. Investments in securities of non-U.S. companies involve risks in addition to the usual risks inherent in domestic investments, including currency risk. The value of a non-U.S. security in U.S. dollars tends to decrease when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the non-U.S. currency in which the security is denominated and tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency.
Non-U.S. securities are affected by the fact that in many countries there is less publicly available information about issuers than is available in the reports and ratings published about companies in the United States and such issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards. Other risks inherent in non-U.S. investments include expropriation; confiscatory taxation; withholding taxes on dividends and interest; less extensive regulation of non-U.S. brokers, securities markets and issuers; diplomatic developments; and political or social instability. Non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in various respects, and many non-U.S. securities are less liquid and their prices tend to be more volatile than comparable U.S. securities. From time to time, non-U.S. securities may be difficult to liquidate rapidly without adverse price effects.
The Funds may also invest in non-U.S. securities by purchasing exchange-traded American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”). Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designated for use in the U.S. securities markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying non-U.S. security. ADRs GDRs are deemed to have the same classification as the underlying securities they represent, except that ADRs shall be treated as indirect non-U.S. investments. Thus, an ADR representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. ADRs do not eliminate all of the risks associated with directly investing in the securities of non-U.S. companies, such as changes in non-U.S. currency exchange rates. However, by investing in ADRs rather than directly in non-U.S. companies’ stock, a Fund avoids currency risks during the settlement period.
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Depositary receipts may be available through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by a depositary and the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. An unsponsored facility may be established by a depositary without participation by the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. There are greater risks associated with holding unsponsored depositary receipts. For example, if a Fund holds an unsponsored depositary receipt, it will generally bear all of the costs of establishing the unsponsored facility. In addition, the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security. Whether a sponsored or unsponsored facility, there is no assurance that either would pass through to the holders of the receipts voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
Securities transactions conducted outside the United States may not be regulated as rigorously as in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, non-U.S. securities, currencies and other instruments. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex non-U.S. political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and the margin requirements than in the United States, and (iv) currency exchange rate changes, and lower trading volume and liquidity.
Additional Market Disruption Risk
In late February 2022, Russia launched a large scale military attack on Ukraine. The invasion significantly amplified already existing geopolitical tensions among Russia, Ukraine, Europe, NATO and other western nations, including the U.S. In response to the military action by Russia, various countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom, and European Union issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia. Such sanctions included, among other things, a prohibition on doing business with certain Russian companies, large financial institutions, officials and oligarchs; a commitment by certain countries and the European Union to remove selected Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (“SWIFT”), the electronic banking network that connects banks globally; and restrictive measures to prevent the Russian Central Bank from undermining the impact of the sanctions. Additional sanctions may be imposed in the future. Such sanctions may adversely impact, among other things, the Russian economy and various sectors of the global economy, including but not limited to, the financials, energy, metals and mining, engineering and defense sectors. The sanctions and any related boycotts, tariffs, and financial restrictions imposed on Russia’s government, companies and certain individuals may cause a decline in the value and liquidity of Russian securities; weaken the value of the ruble; downgrade the country’s credit rating; freeze Russian securities and/or funds invested in prohibited assets and impair the ability to trade in Russian securities and/or other assets; and have other adverse consequences on the Russian government, economy, companies and region. Further, several large corporations and U.S. states have announced plans to divest interests or otherwise curtail business dealings with certain Russian businesses.
The ramifications of the hostilities and sanctions, however, may not be limited to Russia and Russian companies but may spill over to and negatively impact other regional and global economic markets (including Europe and the United States), companies in other countries (particularly those that have done business with Russia) and on various sectors, industries and markets for securities and commodities globally, such as oil and natural gas. Accordingly, the actions discussed above and the potential for a wider conflict could increase financial market volatility, cause severe negative effects on regional and global economic markets, industries, and companies and have a negative effect on your Fund’s investments and performance beyond any direct exposure to Russian issuers or those of adjoining geographic regions. In addition, Russia may take retaliatory actions and other countermeasures, including cyberattacks and espionage against other countries and companies around the world, which may negatively impact such countries and the companies in which your Fund invests.
The extent and duration of the military action or future escalation of such hostilities, the extent and impact of existing and future sanctions, market disruptions and volatility, and the result of any diplomatic negotiations cannot be predicted. These and any related events could have a significant impact on Fund performance and the value of an investment in the Fund, particularly with respect to Russian exposure.
Emerging Markets Risk
The Funds may invest in securities issued by companies located in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are generally in the initial stages of their industrialization cycles with low per capita
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income. The markets of emerging markets countries are generally more volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies. They generally do not have the level of market efficiency and strict standards in accounting and securities regulation to be on par with advanced economies, but emerging markets will typically have a physical financial infrastructure, including banks, a stock exchange and a unified currency. Investors may also have limited rights relative to companies domiciled in emerging market countries, and investors may be unable to pursue the same avenues of recourse available to investors of U.S. companies, such as class action lawsuits and fraud claims, either as a matter of law or practicality. Investments in emerging markets come with much greater risk due to political instability, domestic infrastructure problems, currency volatility and limited investment opportunities (many large companies may still be “state-run” or private). Also, local securities exchanges may not offer liquid markets for outside investors. All of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities described above are heightened by investing in emerging markets countries.
Currency Risk
By investing in non-U.S. securities, each Fund will be subject to currency risk, which is the risk that an increase in the U.S. dollar relative to the non-U.S. currency will reduce returns or portfolio value. In addition, even though the non-U.S. securities held by Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF are traded in U.S. dollars, their prices are typically indirectly influenced by currency fluctuations. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value relative to a non-U.S. currency, a Fund’s investment in securities denominated in that currency will lose value because its currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. On the other hand, when the value of the U.S. dollar falls relative to a non-U.S. currency, a Fund’s investments denominated in that currency will tend to increase in value because that currency is worth more U.S. dollars. The exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. currencies depend upon such factors as supply and demand in the currency exchange markets, international balance of payments, governmental intervention, speculation and other economic and political conditions. Although the Funds value their assets daily in U.S. dollars, the Funds may not convert their holdings of non-U.S. currencies to U.S. dollars on a daily basis. The Funds may incur conversion costs when they convert their holdings to another currency. Non-U.S. exchange dealers may realize a profit on the difference between the price at which a Fund buys and sells currencies. The Funds may engage in non-U.S. currency exchange transactions in connection with their portfolio investments. The Funds conduct their non-U.S. currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the non-U.S. currency exchange market or through forward contracts to purchase or sell non-U.S. contracts. The Funds may also be subject to currency risk through investments in ADRs and other non-U.S. securities denominated in U.S. dollars.
Other Investment Policies and Techniques
Initial Public Offerings (“IPO”)
The Funds may invest a portion of their assets in securities of companies offering shares in IPOs. IPOs may have a magnified performance impact on a Fund with a small asset base. The impact of IPOs on a Fund’s performance likely will decrease as the Fund’s asset size increases, which could reduce the Fund’s total returns. IPOs may not be consistently available to a Fund for investing, particularly as the Fund’s asset base grows. Because IPO shares frequently are volatile in price, a Fund may hold IPO shares for a very short period of time. This may increase the turnover of a Fund and may lead to increased expenses for the Fund, such as commissions and transaction costs. By selling shares, a Fund may realize taxable gains it will subsequently distribute to shareholders. In addition, the market for IPO shares can be speculative and/or inactive for extended periods of time. The limited number of shares available for trading in some IPOs may make it more difficult for a Fund to buy or sell significant amounts of shares without an unfavorable impact on prevailing prices. Holders of IPO shares (including the Funds) can be affected by substantial dilution in the value of their shares, by sales of additional shares and by concentration of control in existing management and principal shareholders.
A Fund’s investment in IPO shares may include the securities of unseasoned companies (companies with less than three years of continuous operations), which present risks considerably greater than common stocks of more established companies. These companies may have limited operating histories and their prospects for profitability may be uncertain. These companies may be involved in new and evolving businesses and may be vulnerable to competition and changes in technology, markets and economic conditions. These companies may also be more dependent on key managers and third parties and may have limited product lines.
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Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
Each Fund may invest in other investment companies, including open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, and exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) registered under the 1940 Act (“1940 Act ETFs”). Under the 1940 Act, a Fund’s investment in such securities is generally limited to 3% of the total voting stock of any one investment company; 5% of such Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company; and 10% of such Fund’s total assets in the aggregate. 1940 Act ETFs, however, may rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest beyond these statutory limits, subject to certain conditions and pursuant to contractual arrangements between the ETFs and the investing funds. The Funds will only invest in other investment companies and pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in Fund-eligible investments. A Fund’s investments in other investment companies may include government money market mutual funds. Investments in government money market funds are not subject to the percentage limitations set forth above.
ETFs in which the Funds may invest are a type of index fund bought and sold on a securities exchange. An ETF trades like common stock and represents a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market index. ETFs can give exposure to all or a portion of the U.S. market, a foreign market, a region, a commodity, a currency, or to any other index that an ETF tracks. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile and ETFs have management fees that increase their costs. An ETF may fail to accurately track the returns of the market segment or index that it is designed to track, and the price of an ETF’s shares may fluctuate. In addition, because they, unlike traditional mutual funds, are traded on an exchange, ETFs are subject to the following risks: (i) the performance of the ETF may not replicate the performance of the underlying index that it is designed to track; (ii) the market price of the ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the ETF’s net asset value; (iii) an active trading market for an ETF may not develop or be maintained; and (iv) there is no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the ETF will continue to be met or remain unchanged. Trading in an ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted, which could result in the ETF being more volatile. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of a Fund’s shares could also be substantially and adversely affected.
If a Fund invests in other investment companies or pooled investment vehicles, Fund shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only with a Fund, but also with the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shares of certain closed-end funds may at times be acquired at market prices representing premiums to their net asset values. Shares acquired at a premium to their net asset value may be more likely to subsequently decline in price, resulting in a loss to a Fund and its shareholders.
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Funds is contained in the Prospectus under “Purchase and Sale of Shares.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such section of the Prospectus.
Each Fund’s shares trade on the Listing Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from their NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Listing Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of a Fund’s shares will continue to be met.
The Listing Exchange will consider the suspension of trading in, and will initiate delisting proceedings of, a Fund’s shares under any of the following circumstances: (1) if any of the requirements set forth in the Listing Exchange rules are not continuously maintained; (2) if, where the Listing Exchange has filed a separate proposal under Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act, any of the statements regarding (a) the description of a Fund; (b) limitations on a Fund’s portfolio holdings or reference assets; or (c) the applicability of the Listing Exchange listing rules specified in such proposal are not continuously maintained; (3) if, following the initial twelve-month period after the commencement of trading of a Fund on the Listing Exchange, there are fewer than 50 beneficial holders of the shares of such Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; or (4) if such other event shall occur or condition exists that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. In addition, the Listing Exchange will remove the shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Trust or a Fund.
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If the trading of a security held in a Fund’s Actual Portfolio is halted or otherwise does not have readily available market quotations and the Adviser believes that the lack of any such readily available market quotations may affect the reliability of the Proxy Portfolio as an arbitrage vehicle or otherwise determines it is in the best interest of the Fund, the Adviser promptly will disclose on the Fund’s website the identity and weighting of such security for so long as such security’s trading is halted or otherwise does not have readily available market quotations and remains in the Actual Portfolio. If securities representing 10% or more of a Fund’s Actual Portfolio do not have readily available market quotations, the Adviser will promptly request that the Listing Exchange halt trading in the Fund’s shares.
The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of a Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers’ commissions on transactions in Fund shares will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The base and trading currency of each Fund is the U.S. dollar. The base currency is the currency in which a Fund’s NAV per share is calculated and the trading currency is the currency in which shares of a Fund are listed and traded on the Listing Exchange.
MANAGEMENT
The management of the Trust, including general supervision of the duties performed for the Funds by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, is the responsibility of the Board. The number of trustees of the Trust is twelve, all of whom are not interested persons of the Funds as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (referred to herein as “independent trustees”). None of the independent trustees has ever been a trustee, director or employee of, or consultant to, the Adviser or its affiliates. The names, business addresses and years of birth of the trustees and officers of the Funds, their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, the number of portfolios each trustee oversees and other directorships they hold are set forth below. Except as noted in the table below, the trustees of the Trust are directors or trustees, as the case may be, of 212 Nuveen-sponsored registered investment companies (the “Nuveen Funds”), which include 147 open-end mutual funds, including the Funds (the “Nuveen Mutual Funds”), 46 closed-end funds and 19 Nuveen ETFs.
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other | |
Independent Trustees: |
||||||
Joseph A. Boateng* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Chief Investment Officer, Casey Family Programs (since 2017), formerly, Director of U.S. Pension Plans Johnson & Johnson (2002-2006). |
191 |
Board Member, Lumina Foundation (since 2018) and Waterside School (since 2021), Board Member (2012-2019); Emeritus Board Member (since 2020), Year-Up Puget Sound Investment Advisory Committee Member and Former Chair (since 2007), Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System; Investment Committee Member (since 2012), The Seattle Foundation | |
Michael A. Forrester* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021) and Chief Operating Officer (2007-2014), Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC. |
191 |
Trustee (since 2019), Dexter Southfield School; Member (since 2020), Governing Council of the Independent Directors Counsel (IDC). | |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Thomas J. Kenny |
Co-Chair of the Board and |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head of Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Team (2002-2010), Goldman Sachs Asset Management. |
212 |
Director (since 2015) and Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee (since 2018), Aflac Incorporated; Director (since 2018), ParentSquare, former Director (2012-2022) and Finance Committee Chair (2016-2022) Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member (2017-2019), B’Box Former Member (2011-2022), the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member (2012-2020), Cottage Health System; Board Member (2009-2019) and Former President of the Board (2014-2018) of Crane County Day School. |
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, IDC (supports the fund independent director community and is part of the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies) (2006-2019); formerly, various positions with ICI (1989-2006). |
212 |
President (since 2023) and Member (since 2020) of the Board of Directors, Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Joanne T. Medero |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, Government Relations and Public Policy (2009-2020) and Senior Advisor to the Vice Chairman (2018-2020), BlackRock, Inc. (global investment management firm); formerly, Managing Director, Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy, Barclays Group (IBIM) (investment banking, investment management businesses) (2006-2009); formerly, Managing Director, Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Barclays Global Investors (global investment management firm) (1996-2006); formerly, Partner, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP (law firm) (1993-1995); formerly, General Counsel, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (government agency overseeing U.S. derivatives markets) (1989-1993); formerly, Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs, Office of Presidential Personnel, The White House (1986-1989). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors, Baltic-American Freedom Foundation (seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic states to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the U.S.) (since 2019). |
Albin F. Moschner |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Northcroft Partners, LLC, (management consulting), (since 2012); formerly, held positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc.,(consumer wireless service) including Consultant (2011-2012), Chief Operating Officer (2008-2011) and Chief Marketing Officer (2004-2008); formerly, President, Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc.(telecommunications services) (2000-2003); formerly, President, One Point Services at One Point Communications (telecommunications services) (1999-2000); formerly, Vice Chairman of the Board, Diba, Incorporated (internet technology provider) (1996-1997); formerly, various executive positions (1991-1996) and Chief Executive Officer (1995-1996) of Zenith Electronics Corporation (consumer electronics). |
212 |
Formerly, Chairman (2019), Director (2012-2019), USA Technologies, Inc. (a provider of solutions and services to facilitate electronic payment transactions); formerly, Director, Wintrust Financial Corporation (1996-2016). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
John K. Nelson |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, senior external advisor to the Financial Services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP (2012-2014); Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., North America, and Global Head of the Financial Markets Division (2007-2008), with various executive leadership roles in ABN AMRO Bank N.V. between 1996 and 2007. |
212 |
Member of Board of Directors (since 2008) of Core12 LLC (private firm which develops branding, marketing and communications strategies for clients); formerly, Member of the President’s Council (2010-2019) of Fordham University; formerly, Director (2009-2018) of the Curran Center for Catholic American Studies. |
Loren M. Starr** |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Independent Consultant/Advisor (since 2021). Formerly, Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director (2020-2021), Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director (2005-2020), Invesco Ltd. |
211 |
Director (since 2023), AMG; formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Directors (2014-2021), Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Trustees (2014-2018), Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). |
Matthew Thornton III |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2018-2019), FedEx Freight Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”) (provider of transportation, e-commerce and business services through its portfolio of companies); formerly, Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations (2006-2018), Federal Express Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx. |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors (since 2014), The Sherwin-Williams Company (develops, manufactures, distributes and sells paints, coatings and related products); Director (since 2020), Crown Castle International (provider of communications infrastructure); formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2012-2018), Safe Kids Worldwide® (a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing childhood injuries). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Terence J. Toth |
Co-Chair of the Board and |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Co-Founding Partner, Promus Capital (investment advisory firm) (2008-2017); formerly, Director of Quality Control Corporation (manufacturing) (2012-2021); formerly, Director, Fulcrum IT Service LLC (information technology services firm to government entities) (2010-2019); formerly, Director, LogicMark LLC (health services) (2012-2016); formerly, Director, Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. (asset management) (2008-2013); formerly, CEO and President, Northern Trust Global Investments (financial services) (2004-2007); Executive Vice President, Quantitative Management & Securities Lending (2000- 2004); prior thereto, various positions with Northern Trust Company (financial services) (since 1994). |
212 |
Chair of the Board (since 2021) of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2008), Catalyst Schools of Chicago (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2012), formerly, Investment Committee Chair (2017-2022), Mather Foundation (philanthropy); formerly, Member (2005-2016), Chicago Fellowship Board (philanthropy); formerly, Member Northern Trust Mutual Funds Board (2005-2007), Northern Trust Global Investments Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Japan Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Securities Inc. Board (2003-2007) and Northern Trust Hong Kong Board (1997-2004). |
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*Mr. Boateng and Mr. Forrester were each elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Core Equity Alpha Fund, Nuveen Core Plus Impact Fund, Nuveen Credit Strategies Income Fund, Nuveen Dow 30SM Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Floating Rate Income Fund, Nuveen Global High Income Fund, Nuveen Minnesota Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Missouri Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Mortgage and Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Asset Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, Nuveen Municipal Credit Opportunities Fund, Nuveen NASDAQ 100 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Preferred and Income Term Fund, Nuveen Preferred & Income Opportunities Fund, Nuveen Real Asset Income and Growth Fund, Nuveen Real Estate Income Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Buy-Write Income Fund, Nuveen Variable Rate Preferred & Income Fund, and Nuveen Virginia Quality Municipal Income Fund, for which each serves as a consultant.
**Mr. Starr was elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, for which he serves as a consultant.
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Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight
The Board oversees the operations and management of the Nuveen Funds, including the duties performed for the Nuveen Funds by the Adviser or its affiliates. The Board has adopted a unitary board structure. A unitary board consists of one group of trustees who serve on the board of every fund in the Nuveen Fund complex (except with respect to certain Nuveen Funds where certain trustees may instead serve as consultants, as indicated in the “Independent Trustees” table included herein). In adopting a unitary board structure, the trustees seek to provide effective governance through establishing a board, the overall composition of which will, as a body, possess the appropriate skills, diversity (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), independence and experience to oversee the Nuveen Funds’ business. With this overall framework in mind, when the Board, through its Nominating and Governance Committee discussed below, seeks nominees for the Board, the trustees consider, not only the candidate’s particular background, skills and experience, among other things, but also whether such background, skills and experience enhance the Board’s diversity and at the same time complement the Board given its current composition and the mix of skills and experiences of the incumbent trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee believes that the Board generally benefits from diversity of background (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), skills, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy on diversity or any particular definition of diversity.
The Board believes the unitary board structure enhances good and effective governance, particularly given the nature of the structure of the investment company complex. Funds in the same complex generally are served by the same service providers and personnel and are governed by the same regulatory scheme which raises common issues that must be addressed by the trustees across the fund complex (such as compliance, valuation, liquidity, brokerage, trade allocation or risk management). The Board believes it is more efficient to have a single board review and oversee common policies and procedures which increases the Board’s knowledge and expertise with respect to the many aspects of fund operations that are complex-wide in nature. The unitary structure also enhances the Board’s influence and oversight over the Adviser and other service providers.
In an effort to enhance the independence of the Board, the Board also has Co-Chairs that are independent trustees. The Board recognizes that a chair can perform an important role in setting the agenda for the Board, establishing the boardroom culture, establishing a point person on behalf of the Board for fund management, and reinforcing the Board’s focus on the long-term interests of shareholders. The Board recognizes that a chair may be able to better perform these functions without any conflicts of interests arising from a position with fund management. Accordingly, the trustees have elected (i) Thomas J. Kenny to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a one-year term ending on December 31, 2024, (ii) Terence J. Toth to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, and (iii) Robert L. Young to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024. Each of these individuals will also serve as Co-Chairs of the boards of the TC Funds for the same terms. Specific responsibilities of the Co-Chair include: (i) coordinating with fund management in the preparation of the agenda for each meeting of the Board; (ii) presiding at all meetings of the Board and of the shareholders; and (iii) serving as a liaison with
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other trustees, the Trust’s officers and other fund management personnel, and counsel to the independent trustees. The Co-Chairs perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.
Although the Board has direct responsibility over various matters (such as advisory contracts and underwriting contracts), the Board also exercises certain of its oversight responsibilities through several committees that it has established and which report back to the full Board. The Board believes that a committee structure is an effective means to permit trustees to focus on particular operations or issues affecting the Nuveen Funds, including risk oversight. More specifically, with respect to risk oversight, the Board has delegated matters relating to valuation, compliance and investment risk to certain committees (as summarized below). In addition, the Board believes that the periodic rotation of trustees among the different committees allows the trustees to gain additional and different perspectives of a Nuveen Fund’s operations. The Board has established seven standing committees: the Executive Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Audit Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Investment Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee. The Board may also from time to time create ad hoc committees to focus on particular issues as the need arises. The membership and functions of the standing committees are summarized below. For more information on the Board, please visit www.nuveen.com/fundgovernance.
The Executive Committee, which may meet between regular meetings of the Board, is authorized to exercise all of the powers of the Board. The Executive Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Executive Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Executive Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Executive Committee did not meet.
The Audit Committee assists the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the accounting and financial reporting policies, processes and practices of the Nuveen Funds, and the audits of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the quality and integrity of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the Nuveen Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements; the independent auditors’ qualifications, performance and independence; and the Valuation Policy of the Nuveen Funds and the internal valuation group of the Adviser, as valuation designee for the Nuveen Funds. It is the responsibility of the Audit Committee to select, evaluate and replace any independent auditors (subject only to Board approval and, if applicable, shareholder ratification) and to determine their compensation. The Audit Committee is also responsible for, among other things, overseeing the valuation of securities comprising the Nuveen Funds’ portfolios. The Audit Committee is also primarily responsible for the oversight of the Valuation Policy and actions taken by the Adviser, as valuation designee of the Funds, through its internal valuation group, which provides regular reports to the committee, reviews any issues relating to the valuation of the Nuveen Funds’ securities brought to its attention and considers the risks to the Nuveen Funds in assessing the possible resolutions to these matters. The Audit Committee may also consider any financial risk exposures for the Nuveen Funds in conjunction with performing its functions.
To fulfill its oversight duties, the Audit Committee regularly meets with Management to discuss the Nuveen Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports and has regular meetings with the external auditors for the Nuveen Funds and the Adviser’s internal audit group. In assessing financial risk disclosure, the Audit Committee also may review in a general manner the processes the Board or other Board committees have in place with respect to risk assessment and risk management as well as compliance with legal and regulatory matters relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. Members of the Audit Committee shall be independent (as set forth in the charter) and free of any relationship that, in the opinion of the trustees, would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment as an Audit Committee member. The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Nelson, Chair, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Starr, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young, each of whom is an independent trustee of the Nuveen Funds. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr and Mr. Young have each been designated as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC rules. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Audit Committee met fourteen times.
The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for seeking, identifying and recommending to the Board qualified candidates for election or appointment to the Board. In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee oversees matters of corporate governance, including the evaluation of Board performance and processes, the assignment and rotation of committee members,
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and the establishment of corporate governance guidelines and procedures, to the extent necessary or desirable, and matters related thereto. Although the unitary and committee structure has been developed over the years and the Nominating and Governance Committee believes the structure has provided efficient and effective governance, the committee recognizes that as demands on the Board evolve over time (such as through an increase in the number of funds overseen or an increase in the complexity of the issues raised), the committee must continue to evaluate the Board and committee structures and their processes and modify the foregoing as may be necessary or appropriate to continue to provide effective governance. Accordingly, the Nominating and Governance Committee has a separate meeting each year to, among other things, review the Board and committee structures, their performance and functions, and recommend any modifications thereto or alternative structures or processes that would enhance the Board’s governance of the Nuveen Funds.
In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee, among other things, makes recommendations concerning the continuing education of trustees; monitors performance of legal counsel and other service providers; establishes and monitors a process by which security holders are able to communicate in writing with members of the Board; and periodically reviews and makes recommendations about any appropriate changes to trustee compensation. In the event of a vacancy on the Board, the Nominating and Governance Committee receives suggestions from various sources, including shareholders, as to suitable candidates. Suggestions should be sent in writing to William Siffermann, Manager of Fund Board Relations, Nuveen, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. The Nominating and Governance Committee sets appropriate standards and requirements for nominations for new trustees and reserves the right to interview any and all candidates and to make the final selection of any new trustees. In considering a candidate’s qualifications, each candidate must meet certain basic requirements, including relevant skills and experience, time availability (including the time requirements for due diligence meetings to internal and external sub-advisers and service providers) and, if qualifying as an independent trustee candidate, independence from the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and other service providers, including any affiliates of these entities. These skill and experience requirements may vary depending on the current composition of the Board, since the goal is to ensure an appropriate range of skills, diversity and experience, in the aggregate. Accordingly, the particular factors considered and weight given to these factors will depend on the composition of the Board and the skills and backgrounds of the incumbent trustees at the time of consideration of the nominees. All candidates, however, must meet high expectations of personal integrity, independence, governance experience and professional competence. All candidates must be willing to be critical within the Board and with management and yet maintain a collegial and collaborative manner toward other Board members. The committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Nuveen Funds. The members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Ms. Lancellotta, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee met seven times.
The Dividend Committee is authorized to declare distributions on the Nuveen Funds’ shares, including, but not limited to, regular and special dividends, capital gains and ordinary income distributions. The members of the Dividend Committee are Mr. Thornton, Chair, Ms. Lancellotta, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Starr. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Dividend Committee met four times.
The Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee (the “Compliance Committee”) is responsible for the oversight of compliance issues, risk management and other regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds that are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other committees. The Board has adopted and periodically reviews policies and procedures designed to address the Nuveen Funds’ compliance and risk matters. As part of its duties, the Compliance Committee reviews the policies and procedures relating to compliance matters and recommends modifications thereto as necessary or appropriate to the full Board; develops new policies and procedures as new regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds arise from time to time; evaluates or considers any comments or reports from examinations from regulatory authorities and responses thereto; and performs any special reviews, investigations or other oversight responsibilities relating to risk management, compliance and/or regulatory matters as requested by the Board.
In addition, the Compliance Committee is responsible for risk oversight, including, but not limited to, the oversight of general risks related to investments which are not reviewed by other committees, such
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as liquidity and derivatives usage; risks related to product structure elements, such as leverage; techniques that may be used to address the foregoing risks, such as hedging and swaps and Fund operational risk and risks related to the overall operation of the TIAA/Nuveen enterprise and, in each case, the controls designed to address or mitigate such risks. In assessing issues brought to the Compliance Committee’s attention or in reviewing a particular policy, procedure, investment technique or strategy, the Compliance Committee evaluates the risks to the Nuveen Funds in adopting a particular approach compared to the anticipated benefits to the Nuveen Funds and their shareholders. In fulfilling its obligations, the Compliance Committee meets on a quarterly basis, and at least once a year in person. The Compliance Committee receives written and oral reports from the Nuveen Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) and meets privately with the CCO at each of its quarterly meetings. The CCO also provides an annual report to the full Board regarding the operations of the Nuveen Funds’ and other service providers’ compliance programs as well as any recommendations for modifications thereto. Certain matters not addressed at the committee level may be addressed by another committee or directly by the full Board. The Compliance Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Compliance Committee are Ms. Wolff, Chair, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Lancellota, Ms. Medero, Mr. Thornton and Mr. Toth. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compliance Committee met four times.
The Investment Committee is responsible for the oversight of Fund performance, investment risk management and other portfolio-related matters affecting the Fund which are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other Board committees. As part of such oversight, the Investment Committee reviews the Fund’s investment performance and investment risks, which may include, but is not limited to, an evaluation of Fund performance relative to investment objectives, benchmarks and a peer group; a review of risks related to portfolio investments, such as exposures to particular issuers, market sectors, or types of securities, as well as consideration of other factors that could impact or are related to Fund performance; and an assessment of Fund objectives, policies and practices as such may relate to Fund performance. In assessing issues brought to the Investment Committee’s attention or in reviewing an investment policy, technique or strategy, the Investment Committee evaluates the risks to the Fund in adopting or recommending a particular approach or resolution compared to the anticipated benefits to the Fund and its shareholders.
In fulfilling its obligations, the Investment Committee receives quarterly reports from the investment oversight and the investment risk groups at Nuveen. Such groups also report to the full Board on a quarterly basis and the full Board participates in further discussions with Fund management at its quarterly meetings regarding matters relating to Fund performance and investment risks, including with respect to the various drivers of performance and Fund use of leverage and hedging. Accordingly, the Board directly and/or in conjunction with the Investment Committee oversees the investment performance and investment risk management of the Fund. The Investment Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This Investment Committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Fund. Accordingly, the members of the Investment Committee are Mr. Boateng and Ms. Lancellotta, Co-Chairs, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Investment Committee met three times.
The Open-End Funds Committee is responsible for assisting the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the Nuveen Mutual Funds and the Nuveen ETFs (collectively, the “Nuveen Open-End Funds”). The committee may review and evaluate matters related to the formation and the initial presentation to the Board of any new Nuveen Open-End Funds and may review and evaluate any matters relating to any existing Nuveen Open-End Funds. The Open-End Funds Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Open-End Funds Committee are Mr. Forrester and Ms. Medero, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Kenny, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Open-End Funds Committee met four times.
Board Diversification and Trustee Qualifications
In determining that a particular trustee was qualified to serve on the Board, the Board has considered each trustee’s background, skills, experience and other attributes in light of the composition of the Board with no particular factor controlling. The Board believes that trustees need to have the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties, and the Board believes each trustee satisfies this standard. An effective trustee may achieve this ability through his or her educational background; business,
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professional training or practice; public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member or executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. Accordingly, set forth below is a summary of the experiences, qualifications, attributes, and skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this document, that each trustee should continue to serve in that capacity. References to the experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills of trustees are pursuant to requirements of the SEC, do not constitute holding out of the Board or any trustee as having any special expertise or experience and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.
Joseph A. Boateng
Since 2007, Mr. Boateng has served as the Chief Investment Officer for Casey Family Programs. He was previously Director of U.S. Pension Plans for Johnson & Johnson from 2002 to 2006. Mr. Boateng is a board member of the Lumina Foundation and Waterside School, an emeritus board member of Year Up Puget Sound, member of the Investment Advisory Committee and former Chair for the Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System, and an Investment Committee Member for The Seattle Foundation. Mr. Boateng received a B.S. from the University of Ghana and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Michael A. Forrester
From 2007 to 2021, Mr. Forrester held various positions with Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC (“Cooper Rock”), including Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021), Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) (2007-2014) and Board Member (2007-2021). Mr. Forrester is currently a member of the Independent Directors Council Governing Council of the Investment Company Institute. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Dexter Southfield School. Mr. Forrester has a B.A. from Washington and Lee University.
Thomas J. Kenny
Mr. Kenny, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a one-year term expiring on December 31, 2024, served as an Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head (2002-2010) of Goldman Sachs Asset Management’s Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management team, having worked at Goldman Sachs since 1999. Mr. Kenny is a Director and the Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee of Aflac Incorporated and a Director of ParentSquare. He is a Former Director and Finance Committee Chair for the Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member, B’Box; Former Member of the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member, Cottage Health System; and Former President of the Board of Crane Country Day School. He received a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and an M.S. from Golden Gate University. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and has served as Chairman of CREF since 2017.
Amy B.R. Lancellotta
After 30 years of service, Ms. Lancellotta retired at the end of 2019 from the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies on regulatory, legislative and securities industry initiatives that affect funds and their shareholders. From November 2006 until her retirement, Ms. Lancellotta served as Managing Director of ICI’s Independent Directors Council (IDC), which supports fund independent directors in fulfilling their responsibilities to promote and protect the interests of fund shareholders. At IDC, Ms. Lancellotta was responsible for all ICI and IDC activities relating to the fund independent director community. In conjunction with her responsibilities, Ms. Lancellotta advised and represented IDC, ICI, independent directors and the investment company industry on issues relating to communication, governance and policy initiatives. Prior to serving as Managing Director of IDC, Ms. Lancellotta held various other positions with ICI beginning in 1989. Before joining ICI, Ms. Lancellotta was an associate at two Washington D.C. law firms. In addition, she has been President, since 2023, and a member, since 2020, of the Board of Directors of the Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA), an organization that seeks to end power-based violence, empower survivors and ensure safe communities. Ms. Lancellotta received a B.A. degree from Pennsylvania State University in 1981 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1984.
Joanne T. Medero
Ms. Medero has over 30 years of financial services experience and, most recently, from December 2009 until her retirement in July, 2020, she was a Managing Director in the Government Relations and Public Policy Group at BlackRock, Inc. (BlackRock). From July 2018 to July 2020, she was
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also a Senior Advisor to BlackRock’s Vice Chairman, focusing on public policy and corporate governance issues. In 1996, Ms. Medero joined Barclays Global Investors (BGI), which merged with BlackRock in 2009. At BGI, she was a Managing Director and served as Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary until 2006. Then, from 2006 to 2009, Ms. Medero was a Managing Director and Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy at Barclays Group (IBIM), where she provided policy guidance and directed legislative and regulatory advocacy programs for the investment banking, investment management and wealth management businesses. Before joining BGI, Ms. Medero was a Partner at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP from 1993 to 1995, where she specialized in derivatives and financial markets regulation issues. Additionally, she served as General Counsel of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) from 1989 to 1993 and, from 1986 to 1989, she was Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs at The White House Office of Presidential Personnel. Further, from 2006 to 2010, Ms. Medero was a member of the CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee and she has been actively involved in financial industry associations, serving as Chair of the Steering Committee of the SIFMA (Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association) Asset Management Group (2016-2018) and Chair of the CTA (Commodity Trading Advisor), CPO (Commodity Pool Operator) and Futures Committee of the Managed Funds Association (2010-2012). Ms. Medero also chaired the Corporations, Antitrust and Securities Practice Group of The Federalist Society of Law and Public Policy (from 2000 to 2002 and 2010 to 2022). In addition, since 2019, she has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation, which seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic States to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the United States. Ms. Medero received a B.A. degree from St. Lawrence University in 1975 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1978.
Albin F. Moschner
Mr. Moschner is a consultant in the wireless industry and, in July 2012, founded Northcroft Partners, LLC, a management consulting firm that provides operational, management and governance solutions. Prior to founding Northcroft Partners, LLC, Mr. Moschner held various positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc., a provider of wireless services, where he was a consultant from February 2011 to July 2012, Chief Operating Officer from July 2008 to February 2011, and Chief Marketing Officer from August 2004 to June 2008. Before he joined Leap Wireless International, Inc., Mr. Moschner was President of the Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc. from 2000 to 2003, and President of One Point Services at One Point Communications from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Moschner also served at Zenith Electronics Corporation as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer from 1995 to 1996, and as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer from 1994 to 1995. Mr. Moschner was Chairman of the Board (2019) and a member of the Board of Directors (2012-2019) of USA Technologies, Inc. and, from 1996 until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Wintrust Financial Corporation. In addition, he is emeritus (since 2018) of the Advisory Boards of the Kellogg School of Management (1995-2018) and the Archdiocese of Chicago Financial Council (2012-2018). Mr. Moschner received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering from The City College of New York in 1974 and a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University in 1979.
John K. Nelson
Mr. Nelson is on the Board of Directors of Core12, LLC. (since 2008), a private firm that develops branding, marketing, and communications strategies for clients. Mr. Nelson has extensive experience in global banking and markets, having served in several senior executive positions with ABN AMRO Holdings N.V. and its affiliated entities and predecessors, including LaSalle Bank Corporation from 1996 to 2008, ultimately serving as Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO N.V. North America. During his tenure at the bank, he also served as Global Head of its Financial Markets Division, which encompassed the bank's Currency, Commodity, Fixed Income, Emerging Markets, and Derivatives businesses. He was a member of the Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States and during his tenure with ABN AMRO served as the bank’s representative on various committees of The Bank of Canada, European Central Bank, and The Bank of England. Mr. Nelson previously served as a senior, external advisor to the financial services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP. (2012-2014). At Fordham University, he served as a director of The President’s Council (2010- 2019) and previously served as a director of The Curran Center for Catholic American Studies (2009-2018). He served as a trustee and Chairman of The Board of Trustees of Marian University (2011-2013). Mr. Nelson is a graduate of Fordham University, holding a BA in Economics and an MBA in Finance.
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Loren M. Starr
Mr. Starr was Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director from 2020 to 2021, and Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director from 2005 to 2020, for Invesco, Ltd. Mr. Starr is also a Director for AMG. He is former Chair and member of the Board of Directors, Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); former Chair and member of the Board of Trustees, Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). Mr. Starr received a B.A. and a B.S. from Columbia College, an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, and an M.S. from Carnegie Mellon University.
Matthew Thornton III
Mr. Thornton has over 40 years of broad leadership and operating experience from his career with FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”), which, through its portfolio of companies, provides transportation, e-commerce and business services. In November 2019, Mr. Thornton retired as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of FedEx Freight Corporation (FedEx Freight), a subsidiary of FedEx, where, from May 2018 until his retirement, he had been responsible for day-to-day operations, strategic guidance, modernization of freight operations and delivering innovative customer solutions. From September 2006 to May 2018, Mr. Thornton served as Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations at Federal Express Corporation (FedEx Express), a subsidiary of FedEx. Prior to September 2006, Mr. Thornton held a range of positions of increasing responsibility with FedEx, including various management positions. In addition, Mr. Thornton currently (since 2014) serves on the Board of Directors of The Sherwin-Williams Company, where he is a member of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Board of Directors of Crown Castle International (since 2020), where he is a member of the Strategy Committee and the Compensation Committee. Formerly (2012-2018), he was a member of the Board of Directors of Safe Kids Worldwide®, a non-profit organization dedicated to the prevention of childhood injuries. Mr. Thornton is a member (since 2014) of the Executive Leadership Council (ELC), the nation’s premier organization of global black senior executives. He is also a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD). Mr. Thornton has been recognized by Black Enterprise on its 2017 list of the Most Powerful Executives in Corporate America and by Ebony on its 2016 Power 100 list of the world’s most influential and inspiring African Americans. Mr. Thornton received a B.B.A. degree from the University of Memphis in 1980 and an M.B.A. from the University of Tennessee in 2001.
Terence J. Toth
Mr. Toth, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, was a Co-Founding Partner of Promus Capital (2008-2017). From 2012 to 2021, he was a Director of Quality Control Corporation, from 2010 to 2019, he was a Director of Fulcrum IT Service LLC and from 2012 to 2016, he was a Director of LogicMark LLC. From 2008 to 2013, he was a Director of Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. From 2004 to 2007, he was Chief Executive Officer and President of Northern Trust Global Investments, and Executive Vice President of Quantitative Management & Securities Lending from 2000 to 2004. He also formerly served on the Board of the Northern Trust Mutual Funds. He joined Northern Trust in 1994 after serving as Managing Director and Head of Global Securities Lending at Bankers Trust (1986 to 1994) and Head of Government Trading and Cash Collateral Investment at Northern Trust from 1982 to 1986. He currently serves as Chair of the Board of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (since 2021) and is on the Board of Catalyst Schools of Chicago (since 2008). He is on the Mather Foundation Board (since 2012) and was Chair of its Investment Committee from 2017 to 2022. Mr. Toth graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois, and received his M.B.A. from New York University. In 2005, he graduated from the CEO Perspectives Program at Northwestern University.
Margaret L. Wolff
Ms. Wolff retired from Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in 2014 after more than 30 years of providing client service in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group. During her legal career, Ms. Wolff devoted significant time to advising boards and senior management on U.S. and international corporate, securities, regulatory and strategic matters, including governance, shareholder, fiduciary, operational and management issues. From 2013 to 2017, she was a Board member of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each of which is a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). Ms. Wolff has been a trustee of New York-Presbyterian Hospital since 2005 and, since 2004, she has served as a trustee of The John A. Hartford Foundation (a philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults) where she formerly served as Chair from 2015 to 2022. From 2005 to 2015, she was a trustee of Mt. Holyoke College and
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served as Vice Chair of the Board from 2011 to 2015. Ms. Wolff received her Bachelor of Arts from Mt. Holyoke College and her Juris Doctor from Case Western Reserve University School of Law.
Robert L. Young
Mr. Young, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024, has more than 30 years of experience in the investment management industry. From 1997 to 2017, he held various positions with J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (“J.P. Morgan Investment”) and its affiliates (collectively, “J.P. Morgan”). Most recently, he served as Chief Operating Officer and Director of J.P. Morgan Investment (from 2010 to 2016) and as President and Principal Executive Officer of the J.P. Morgan Funds (from 2013 to 2016). As Chief Operating Officer of J.P. Morgan Investment, Mr. Young led service, administration and business platform support activities for J.P. Morgan’s domestic retail mutual fund and institutional commingled and separate account businesses, and co-led these activities for J.P. Morgan’s global retail and institutional investment management businesses. As President of the J.P. Morgan Funds, Mr. Young interacted with various service providers to these funds, facilitated the relationship between such funds and their boards, and was directly involved in establishing board agendas, addressing regulatory matters, and establishing policies and procedures. Before joining J.P. Morgan, Mr. Young, a former Certified Public Accountant (CPA), was a Senior Manager (Audit) with Deloitte & Touche LLP (formerly, Touche Ross LLP), where he was employed from 1985 to 1996. During his tenure there, he actively participated in creating, and ultimately led, the firm’s midwestern mutual fund practice. Mr. Young holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Accounting from the University of Dayton and, from 2008 to 2011, he served on the Investment Committee of its Board of Trustees.
Board Compensation
The following table shows, for each independent trustee, (1) the aggregate compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid by the Funds for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, (2) the amount of total compensation paid by the Funds that has been deferred, and (3) the total compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid to each trustee by the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Board’s deferred compensation plan, a portion of the independent trustees’ compensation may be deferred and treated as though an equivalent dollar amount has been invested in shares of one or more eligible Nuveen Funds. The amount of total compensation that has been deferred provided below represents the total deferred fees (including the return from the assumed investment in the eligible Nuveen Funds) payable from the Funds.
Name of Trustee |
Estimated |
Amount of Total |
Total | |||||||
Joseph A. Boateng1,2 |
$ — |
$ — |
$455,000 | |||||||
Jack B. Evans3 |
64 |
11 |
452,765 | |||||||
Michael A. Forrester1,2 |
— |
— |
465,000 | |||||||
William C. Hunter3 |
63 |
— |
444,750 | |||||||
Thomas J. Kenny1,2 |
— |
— |
606,000 | |||||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
60 |
19 |
432,032 | |||||||
Joanne T. Medero |
59 |
29 |
414,408 | |||||||
Albin F. Moschner |
69 |
— |
495,250 | |||||||
John K. Nelson |
63 |
— |
462,350 | |||||||
Loren M. Starr1,2 |
— |
— |
425,000 | |||||||
Judith M. Stockdale4 |
15 |
12 |
101,024 | |||||||
Carole E. Stone4 |
16 |
4 |
107,309 | |||||||
Matthew Thornton III |
59 |
— |
433,750 | |||||||
Terence J. Toth |
85 |
— |
607,350 | |||||||
Margaret L. Wolff |
67 |
33 |
474,341 | |||||||
Robert L. Young |
66 |
45 |
483,655 |
1 Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were not trustees of the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year presented and therefore did not receive any compensation from the Funds during the period.
2 “Total Compensation From Nuveen Funds Paid to Trustee” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr for the period presented includes compensation from College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”) and TIAA Separate Account VA-1 (“VA-1”), as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, during the period.
3 Mr. Evans and Dr. Hunter retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2023.
4 Ms. Stockdale and Ms. Stone retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2022.
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Prior to January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $205,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,000 per day for attendance in person or by telephone at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $3,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings where in-person attendance was required and $3,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in-person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Audit Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Dividend Committee meetings; (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at all other committee meetings ($1,000 for shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was required and $250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such committee meetings (excluding shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was not required, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in the case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held; and (g) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Open-End Funds Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $125,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $3,500 per day for site visits to entities that provide services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. When ad hoc committees are organized, the Nominating and Governance Committee at the time of formation determined compensation to be paid to the members of such committee; however, in general, such fees were $1,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at ad hoc committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $500 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required. Any compensation paid to the independent trustees as members of ad hoc committees is temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting. In certain circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board may have held in-person meetings by telephonic or videographic means and were compensated at the in-person rate.
Effective January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $210,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,250 per day for attendance at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $4,000 per meeting for attendance at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance at Audit Committee meetings, Open-End Funds Committee meetings and Investment Committee meetings; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance at Dividend Committee meetings; and (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance at all other committee meetings, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in each case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition
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to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $140,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Open-End Funds Committee and the Investment Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $5,000 per day for site visits to entities that provided services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. Per meeting fees for unscheduled Committee meetings or meetings of Ad Hoc or Special Assignment Committees were determined by the Chair of such Committee based on the complexity or time commitment associated with the particular meeting. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting.
Effective January 1, 2024, independent trustees receive a $350,000 annual retainer, plus they receive (a) an annual retainer of $30,000 for membership on the Audit Committee and Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, respectively; (b) an annual retainer of $20,000 for membership on the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Open-End Funds Committee, respectively. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair/Co-Chair of the Board receives $140,000 annually; the chair/co-chair of the Audit Committee and the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee receive $30,000 annually; and the chair/co-chair of the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee receive $20,000 annually. Board members will be paid either $1,000 or $2,500 for any ad hoc meetings of the Board or its standing committees, the chair/co-chair will be paid a quarterly fee of $1,250 and members will be paid a quarterly fee of $5,000. The annual retainers, fees and expenses of the Board are allocated among the funds in the Nuveen Fund Complex on the basis of relative net assets, although a minimum amount may be established to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses will be allocated only to those funds that are discussed at a given meeting.
Because Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr are new to the Board (the “New Board Members”), they did not receive any compensation from the Nuveen Funds prior to January 1, 2024. Additionally, information concerning New Board Members’ beneficial ownership of shares in the Funds is not presented since they were not Board members as of December 31, 2023.
The Trust does not have a retirement or pension plan. The Trust is a participant in a deferred compensation plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) that permits any independent trustee to elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of his or her compensation as an independent trustee. The deferred compensation of a participating trustee is credited to a book reserve account of the participating Nuveen Funds when the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the trustee. The value of the trustee’s deferral account at any time is equal to the value that the account would have had if contributions to the account had been invested and reinvested in shares of one or more of the eligible Nuveen Funds. An independent trustee may elect to receive distributions in a lump sum or over a period of five years. No participating Nuveen Fund will be liable for any other fund’s obligations to make distributions under the Deferred Compensation Plan.
The Funds have no employees. Each officer of the Trust serves without any compensation from the Funds. The CCO’s compensation, which is composed of base salary and incentive compensation, is paid by the Adviser, with review and input by the Board. Each Fund reimburses the Adviser for an allocable portion of the Adviser’s cost of the CCO’s incentive compensation.
Share Ownership
The information in the table below discloses the dollar ranges of (i) each trustee’s beneficial ownership in the Funds, and (ii) each trustee’s aggregate beneficial ownership in all Nuveen Funds, including in each case the value of fund shares elected by the trustee in the trustees’ deferred compensation plan, as of December 31, 2023, based on the value of fund shares as of that same date.
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Name of Trustee |
|
Dollar Range of |
|
Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex1 | ||||
Joseph A. Boateng2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 |
||||||
Michael A. Forrester2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 |
||||||
Thomas J. Kenny2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 |
||||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Joanne T. Medero |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Albin F. Moschner |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
John K. Nelson |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Loren M. Starr2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 |
||||||
Matthew Thornton III |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Terence J. Toth |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Margaret L. Wolff |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
|||||
Robert L. Young |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
1. “Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr includes holdings in CREF and/or VA-1, as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
2. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were elected to the Board of Trustees of the Nuveen Funds effective January 1, 2024. Information regarding their holdings in the Funds is not presented because each was not a trustee of the Trust as of December 31, 2023.
As of February 1, 2024, the officers and trustees of the Trust, in the aggregate, owned less than 1% of the shares of the Funds.
As of February 1, 2024, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned, beneficially, or of record, any securities in (i) an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds or (ii) a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Funds.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Investment Adviser
Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, each Fund’s investment adviser, has overall responsibility for management of the Funds, oversees the management of each Fund’s portfolio, manages each Fund’s business affairs and provides certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative services. In addition, the Adviser arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Funds to operate. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen, LLC (“Nuveen”), the investment management arm of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (“TIAA”). TIAA is a life insurance company founded in 1918 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and is the companion organization of College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”). The Adviser is located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
For the management services and facilities furnished by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, each Fund has agreed to pay an annual management fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable monthly, at a rate set forth in the Prospectus under “Fund Management—Management Fees.” From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The Adviser is responsible for substantially all other expenses of the Funds, except any future distribution and/or service fees, interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, fees incurred in acquiring and disposing of portfolio securities, fees and expenses of the independent trustees (including any trustees’ counsel fees), certain compensation expenses of the Funds’ chief compliance officer, litigation expenses, and extraordinary expenses. The following table sets forth the management fees paid by each Fund, from September 27, 2021 (commencement of operations for each Fund) through the fiscal period ended October 31, 2023.
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Amount of Management Fees | |||
09/27/21-10/31/21 |
11/01//21-10/31/22 |
11/01/22-10/31/23 | |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
$8,596 |
$41,780 |
$51,691 |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
11,362 |
49,696 |
48,425 |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
8,501 |
33,263 |
33,092 |
Sub-Advisers
The Adviser has selected its affiliate, Nuveen Asset Management, located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, to serve as sub-adviser to manage the investment portfolio of the Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF. The Adviser has selected its affiliate, Winslow Capital, located at 4400 IDS Center, 80 South Eighth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55402, to serve as the sub-adviser to manage the investment portfolio of the Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF. The Adviser pays each Sub-Adviser a portfolio management fee out of the advisory fee paid to the Adviser for its services to the Funds.
As a result of their common ownership by Nuveen and, ultimately, TIAA, Nuveen Fund Advisors, Nuveen Asset Management and Winslow Capital are considered affiliated persons under common control, and the registered investment companies managed by each are considered to be part of the same group of investment companies.
Portfolio Managers
The following individuals have primary responsibility for the day-to-day implementation of the investment strategies of the Funds.
Name |
Fund |
|
David S. Park, CFA |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF | |
David A. Chalupnik, CFA |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF | |
Gregory J. Ryan, CFA |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF | |
Jon A. Loth, CFA |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF | |
Justin H. Kelly, CFA |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF | |
Patrick M. Burton, CFA |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF | |
Stephan C. Petersen |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF | |
Steve M. Hamill, CFA |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF | |
Compensation
Nuveen Asset Management. Portfolio managers are compensated through a combination of base salary and variable components consisting of (i) a cash bonus; (ii) a long-term performance award; and (iii) participation in a profits interest plan.
Base salary. A portfolio manager’s base salary is determined based upon an analysis of the portfolio manager’s general performance, experience and market levels of base pay for such position.
Cash bonus. A portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus that is based on three variables: risk-adjusted investment performance relative to benchmark generally measured over the most recent one, three and five year periods (unless the portfolio manager’s tenure is shorter), ranking versus Morningstar peer funds generally measured over the most recent one, three and five year periods (unless the portfolio manager’s tenure is shorter), and management and peer reviews.
Long-term performance award. A portfolio manager is eligible to receive a long-term performance award that vests after three years. The amount of the award when granted is based on the same factors used in determining the cash bonus. The value of the award at the completion of the three-year vesting period is adjusted based on the risk-adjusted investment performance of Fund(s) managed by the portfolio manager during the vesting period and the performance of the TIAA organization as a whole.
Profits interest plan. Portfolio managers are eligible to receive profits interests in Nuveen Asset Management and its affiliate, TAL, which vest over time and entitle their holders to a percentage of the firms’ annual profits. Profits interests are allocated to each portfolio manager based on such person’s overall contribution to the firms.
There are generally no differences between the methods used to determine compensation with respect to the Funds and the Other Accounts shown in the table below.
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Winslow Capital. In an effort to retain key personnel, Winslow Capital has structured compensation plans for portfolio managers and other key personnel that it believes are competitive with other investment management firms. The compensation plan is recommended by members of the Winslow Capital Executive Committee with the final decision resting with Justin H. Kelly. Winslow Capital’s compensation plan is designed to align manager compensation with investors’ goals by rewarding portfolio managers who meet the long-term objective of consistent, superior investment results, measured by the performance of the product.
The Executive Committee establishes salaries at competitive levels, verified through industry surveys, to attract and maintain the best professional and administrative personnel. Portfolio manager compensation packages are independent of advisory fees collected on any given client account under management. In addition, an incentive bonus is paid annually to the employees based upon each individual’s performance, client results and the profitability of the firm. Finally, eligible employees of Winslow Capital, including the portfolio managers, have received profits interests in the firm which entitle their holders to participate in the firm’s growth over time.
Conflicts of Interest
Nuveen Asset Management. Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one account. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple accounts are presented a number of potential conflicts, including, among others, those discussed below.
The management of multiple accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of each account. Nuveen Asset Management seeks to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by having portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline. Most accounts managed by a portfolio manager in a particular investment strategy are managed using the same investment models.
If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity which may be suitable for more than one account, an account may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible accounts. To deal with these situations, Nuveen Asset Management has adopted procedures for allocating limited opportunities across multiple accounts.
With respect to many of its clients’ accounts, Nuveen Asset Management determines which broker to use to execute transaction orders, consistent with its duty to seek best execution of the transaction. However, with respect to certain other accounts, Nuveen Asset Management may be limited by the client with respect to the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades through a particular broker. In these cases, Nuveen Asset Management may place separate, non-simultaneous, transactions for a Fund and other accounts which may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the Fund or the other accounts.
Some clients are subject to different regulations. As a consequence of this difference in regulatory requirements, some clients may not be permitted to engage in all the investment techniques or transactions or to engage in these transactions to the same extent as the other accounts managed by a portfolio manager. Finally, the appearance of a conflict of interest may arise where Nuveen Asset Management has an incentive, such as a performance-based management fee, which relates to the management of some accounts, with respect to which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities.
Conflicts of interest may also arise when the Sub-Adviser invests one or more of its client accounts in different or multiple parts of the same issuer’s capital structure, including investments in public versus private securities, debt versus equity, or senior versus junior/subordinated debt, or otherwise where there are different or inconsistent rights or benefits. Decisions or actions such as investing, trading, proxy voting, exercising, waiving or amending rights or covenants, workout activity, or serving on a board, committee or other involvement in governance may result in conflicts of interest between clients holding different securities or investments. Generally, individual portfolio managers will seek to act in a manner that they believe serves the best interest of the accounts they manage. In cases where a portfolio manager or team faces a conflict among its client accounts, it will seek to act in a manner that it believes best reflects its overall fiduciary duty, which may result in relative advantages or disadvantages for particular accounts.
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Nuveen Asset Management has adopted certain compliance procedures which are designed to address these types of conflicts common among investment managers. However, there is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates, including TIAA, sponsor an array of financial products for retirement and other investment goals, and provide services worldwide to a diverse customer base. Accordingly, from time to time, the Fund may be restricted from purchasing or selling securities, or from engaging in other investment activities because of regulatory, legal or contractual restrictions that arise due to another client account’s investments and/or the internal policies of Nuveen Asset Management, TIAA or its affiliates designed to comply with such restrictions. As a result, there may be periods, for example, when Nuveen Asset Management will not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions in certain securities or instruments with respect to which investment limits have been reached.
The investment activities of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates may also limit the investment strategies and rights of the Fund. For example, in certain circumstances where the Fund invests in securities issued by companies that operate in certain regulated industries, in certain emerging or international markets, or are subject to corporate or regulatory ownership definitions, or invest in certain futures and derivative transactions, there may be limits on the aggregate amount invested by Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates for the Fund and other client accounts that may not be exceeded without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate consent. If certain aggregate ownership thresholds are reached or certain transactions undertaken, the ability of Nuveen Asset Management, on behalf of the Fund or other client accounts, to purchase or dispose of investments or exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by regulation or otherwise impaired. As a result, Nuveen Asset Management, on behalf of the Fund or other client accounts, may limit purchases, sell existing investments, or otherwise restrict or limit the exercise of rights (including voting rights) when Nuveen Asset Management, in its sole discretion, deems it appropriate in light of potential regulatory or other restrictions on ownership or other consequences resulting from reaching investment thresholds.
Winslow Capital. The portfolio managers’ simultaneous management of the Fund and the other accounts noted above may present actual or apparent conflicts of interest with respect to the allocation and aggregation of securities orders placed on behalf of the Fund and the other accounts. To address potential conflicts of interest, Winslow Capital has adopted various policies and procedures to provide for equitable treatment of trading activity and to ensure that investment opportunities are allocated in a fair and appropriate manner. In addition, Winslow Capital has adopted a Code of Ethics that recognizes the manager’s obligation to treat all of its clients, including the Fund, fairly and equitably. These policies and procedures and the Code of Ethics are designed to restrict the portfolio managers from favoring one client over another. There is no guarantee that the policies and procedures and the Code of Ethics will be successful in every instance.
Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
In addition to the Funds, as of October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers were also primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of the following accounts:
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Portfolio Manager |
Type of Account Managed |
Number |
Assets |
Number of |
Assets of |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
|||||
David S. Park |
Registered Investment Companies |
3 |
$6,087.26 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$136.21 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
4092 |
$1,925.07 |
0 |
$0 | |
David A. Chalupnik |
Registered Investment Companies |
7 |
$129,494.56 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$136.21 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
4283 |
$2056.41 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
|||||
Gregory J. Ryan |
Registered Investment Companies |
3 |
$513.82 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
105 |
$31.88 |
0 |
$0 | |
Jon A. Loth |
Registered Investment Companies |
2 |
$320.71 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
105 |
$31.88 |
0 |
$0 | |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth |
|||||
Justin H. Kelly |
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$16,107.50 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
3 |
$4,112.09 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
1205 |
$6,586.88 |
0 |
$0 | |
Patrick M. Burton |
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$16,107.50 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
3 |
$4,112.09 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
1205 |
$6,586.88 |
0 |
$0 | |
|
|||||
Stephan C. Petersen |
Registered Investment Companies |
1 |
$808.17 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
1 |
$206.80 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Steve M. Hamill |
Registered Investment Companies |
6 |
$16,107.50 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
3 |
$4,112.09 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
1205 |
$6,586.88 |
0 |
$0 | |
Beneficial Ownership of Securities by the Portfolio Managers
As of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Funds.
Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer Agent
Brown Brothers Harriman (“BBH”), located at 50 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, serves as the administrator, custodian and transfer agent for the Funds. As custodian, BBH performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services.
Distributor
Nuveen Securities, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, serves as the principal underwriter of the Nuveen ETFs, including the Funds, pursuant to a Distribution Agreement dated August 2, 2016 (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor is an affiliate of the Adviser and a subsidiary of Nuveen. The Distributor also serves as the principal underwriter for the Nuveen Mutual Funds, and has served as co-managing underwriter for the shares of the Nuveen Closed-End Funds.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Funds have appointed the Distributor to be the agent for the distribution of the Funds’ shares on a continuous offering basis. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the Prospectus and below under “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the Prospectus to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
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(the “1934 Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Trust or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.
The Adviser and/or its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, banks or other intermediaries (collectively, “intermediaries”) related to marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems, data provision services, or their making shares of the Funds and certain other Nuveen ETFs available to their customers generally and in certain investment programs. Such payments, which may be significant to the intermediary, are not made by the Funds. Rather, such payments are made by the Adviser and/or its affiliates from their own resources, which come directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Nuveen ETF complex. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as “revenue-sharing payments.” A financial intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it recommends or makes available, or the level of services provided, to its customers based on the payments it is eligible to receive. Therefore, such payments to an intermediary create conflicts of interest between the intermediary and its customers and may cause the intermediary to recommend the Funds or other Nuveen ETFs over another investment.
Distribution and Service Plan
Each Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12b-1 provides in substance that an open-end management investment company may not engage directly or indirectly in financing any activity which is primarily intended to result in the sale of shares, except pursuant to a plan adopted under the Rule. The Plan authorizes each Fund to pay up to 0.25% in distribution fees to the Distributor. No payments pursuant to the Plan will be made during the next twelve (12) months of operation.
The Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to any class of shares, without the payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such class. The Plan may be renewed from year to year if approved by a vote of the Board and a vote of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan. The Plan may be continued only if the trustees who vote to approve such continuance conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under applicable law, that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit a Fund and its shareholders. The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the cost which a class of shares may bear under the Plan without the approval of shareholders, and any other material amendments of the Plan must be approved by the independent trustees by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of considering such amendments. During the continuance of the Plan, the selection and nomination of the independent trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of the independent trustees then in office. With the exception of the Distributor and its affiliates, no “interested person” of a Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, and no trustee of a Fund has a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any related agreement.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), 200 East Randolph Street, Suite 5500, Chicago, Illinois 60601, independent registered public accounting firm, has been selected as auditors for the Funds.
Securities Lending Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the securities lending agent to the Funds. Pursuant to a Securities Lending Agreement and in accordance with procedures established by the Board, State Street effects loans of Fund securities to any firm on a list of approved borrowers, negotiates loan terms, monitors the value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests additional collateral as necessary, manages reinvestment of collateral in a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle, arranges for the return of loaned securities to a Fund, and maintains records and prepares reports regarding loans that are made and the income derived therefrom.
The following table provides the dollar amounts of income and fees and/or compensation related to the Funds' securities lending activities during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. The Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF did not earn any income or pay any fees related to securities lending activities for this period.
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Nuveen |
Nuveen | ||||||
Gross income from securities |
$3,222 |
$216 |
|||||
Fees and/or compensation paid by each Fund for securities lending activities and related services: |
|||||||
Fees paid to Securities Lending Agent from a revenue split |
(94) |
(1) |
|||||
Fees paid for any cash collateral management service (including fees deducted from a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle) that are not included in the revenue split |
(22) |
(2) |
|||||
Administrative fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
|||||
Indemnification fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
|||||
Rebate (paid to borrower) |
(2,024) |
(213) |
|||||
Other fees not included in the revenue split |
— |
— |
|||||
Aggregate fees/compensation for securities lending activities |
(2,140) |
(216) |
|||||
Net income from securities lending activities |
$1,082 |
$ — |
CODES OF ETHICS
The Funds, the Adviser, each Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and the Board’s independent trustees have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and, with respect to the Adviser and the Sub-Advisers, Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Acts of 1940, as amended, addressing personal securities transactions and other conduct by investment personnel and other persons who may have access to information about the Funds’ securities transactions. The codes are intended to address potential conflicts of interest that can arise in connection with personal trading activities of such persons. Persons subject to the codes are generally permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including investing in securities eligible for investment by the Funds, subject to certain prohibitions, which may include prohibitions on investing in certain types of securities, pre-clearance requirements, blackout periods, annual and quarterly reporting of personal securities holdings and limitations on personal trading of initial public offerings. Violations of the codes are subject to review by the Board and could result in severe penalties.
In accordance with the Adviser’s and the Sub-Adviser’s code of ethics, personnel of those entities with knowledge about the composition of the Actual Portfolio are prohibited from disclosing such information to any other person, except as authorized in the course of their employment, until such information is made public. In accordance with the Adviser’s and the Sub-Adviser’s code of ethics, personnel of those entities with knowledge about the composition of an Actual Portfolio are prohibited from disclosing such information to any other person, except as authorized in the course of their employment, until such information is made public.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
Each Fund has delegated authority to the Adviser to vote proxies for securities held by each Fund, and the Adviser has in turn delegated that responsibility to the Sub-Advisers. The Adviser’s proxy voting policy establishes minimum standards for the exercise of proxy voting authority by the Sub-Advisers.
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF
The Sub-Adviser will vote proxies in accordance with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, which are attached, along with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policy and Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures, as Appendix A to this SAI.
The Sub-Adviser relies on a dedicated team of professionals responsible for reviewing and voting proxies. In analyzing a proposal, in addition to exercising their professional judgment, these professionals utilize various sources of information to enhance their ability to evaluate the proposal. These sources may include research from third party proxy advisory firms and other consultants, various corporate governance-focused organizations, related publications and Nuveen investment professionals. Based on their analysis of proposals and guided by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, these professionals then vote in a manner intended solely to advance the best interests of Fund shareholders.
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The Sub-Adviser believes that it has implemented policies, procedures and processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions. These include (i) oversight by the Nuveen Fund Board or a designated committee thereof; (ii) a clear separation of proxy voting functions from external client relationship and sales functions; and (iii) the active monitoring of required annual disclosures of potential conflicts of interest by individuals who have direct roles in executing or influencing a Fund’s proxy voting by Nuveen’s legal and compliance professionals.
There could be rare instances in which an individual who has a direct role in executing or influencing a Fund’s proxy voting (e.g., Nuveen’s proxy voting professionals, a Board member, or a senior executive of the Funds, the Adviser, Sub-Adviser or their affiliates) is either a director or executive of a portfolio company or may have some other association with a portfolio company. In such cases, this individual is required to recuse himself or herself from all decisions related to proxy voting for that portfolio company.
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF
Winslow Capital, pursuant to Rule 206(4)-6 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, has adopted Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures pursuant to which it has undertaken to vote all proxies or other beneficial interests in an equity security prudently and solely in the best long-term economic interest of its advisory clients and their beneficiaries, considering all relevant factors and without undue influence from individuals or groups who may have an economic interest in the outcome of a proxy vote.
Winslow Capital will vote all proxies appurtenant to shares of corporate stock held by a plan or account with respect to which it serves as investment manager, unless the investment management contract expressly precludes Winslow Capital, as investment manager, from voting such proxy.
Winslow Capital has delegated the authority to vote proxies in accordance with its Proxy Voting Policies and Procedures to Institutional Shareholder Services Inc. (“ISS”), a third party proxy-voting agency. Winslow Capital subscribes to ISS’s Implied Consent service feature. As ISS research is completed, the ISS Account Manager executes the ballots as Winslow Capital’s agent according to the vote recommendations and consistent with the applicable ISS Proxy Voting Guidelines. If new material public information becomes available after ISS recommends a vote or ISS finds that a report contains a material error, ISS issues a proxy alert to inform Winslow Capital of any corrections and, if necessary, any resulting changes in the vote recommendations. In casting its vote, Winslow Capital reviews any updated information from ISS.
Winslow Capital retains the ability to override any vote if it disagrees with ISS’s vote recommendation, and always maintains the option to review and amend votes before they are cast, except in the case of a conflict of interest. When there is an apparent conflict of interest, or the appearance of a conflict of interest, e.g., where Winslow Capital may receive fees from a company for advisory or other services at the same time that Winslow Capital has investments in the stock of that company, Winslow Capital will follow the vote recommendation of ISS. Winslow Capital retains documentation of all amended votes.
Although Winslow Capital has affiliates that provide investment advisory, broker-dealer, insurance or other financial services, Winslow Capital does not receive non-public information about the business arrangements of such affiliates (except with regard to major distribution partners of its investment products) or the directors, officers and employees of such affiliates. Therefore, Winslow Capital is unable to consider such information when determining whether there are material conflicts of interests.
Winslow Capital has adopted the ISS Proxy Voting Guidelines. While these guidelines are not intended to be all-inclusive, they do provide guidance on Winslow Capital’s general voting policies. Please see Appendix A for the ISS United States Proxy Voting Guidelines and ISS’s website at http://www.issgovernance.com/policy-gateway/voting-policies for access to all of the current ISS Proxy Voting Guidelines.
Voted Proxies. Information regarding how a Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge by accessing the Fund’s Proxy Voting Report on Form N-PX, which is available through both Nuveen’s website at http://www.nuveen.com/etf or the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
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BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF
Winslow Capital is responsible for decisions to buy and sell securities for the Fund and for the placement of the Fund’s securities business, the negotiation of the commissions to be paid on brokered transactions, the prices for principal trades in securities, and the allocation of portfolio brokerage and principal business. It is the policy of the Sub-Adviser to seek the best execution at the best security price available with respect to each transaction, and with respect to brokered transactions, in light of the overall quality of brokerage and research services provided to the adviser and its advisees. The best price to the Fund means the best net price without regard to the mix between purchase or sale price and commission, if any. Purchases may be made from underwriters, dealers, and, on occasion, the issuers. Commissions will be paid on the Fund’s futures and options transactions, if any. The purchase price of portfolio securities purchased from an underwriter or dealer may include underwriting commissions and dealer spreads. The Fund may pay mark-ups on principal transactions. In selecting broker-dealers and in negotiating commissions, the portfolio managers consider, among other things, the firm’s reliability, the quality of its execution services on a continuing basis and its financial condition. Brokerage will not be allocated based on the sale of the Fund’s shares.
On behalf of the Fund, the Sub-Adviser may seek to buy from or sell securities to another fund or account advised by the Sub-Adviser or an affiliate. Winslow Capital may effect purchases and sales between its clients or clients of its affiliates, including the Fund (referred to herein as “cross trades”), if it believes that such transactions are appropriate based on each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. Cross trades may give rise to potential conflicts of interest for the Sub-Adviser. On any occasion when the Fund participates in a cross trade, the Fund will comply with procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance.
Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 permits an investment adviser, under certain circumstances, to cause an account to pay a broker or dealer who supplies brokerage and research services a commission for effecting the transaction in excess of the amount of commission another broker or dealer would have charged for effecting the transaction. Brokerage and research services include, but are not limited to, (a) furnishing advice as to the value of securities, the advisability of investing, purchasing or selling securities, and the availability of securities or purchasers or sellers of securities; (b) furnishing analyses and reports concerning issuers, industries, securities, economic factors and trends, portfolio strategy, and the performance of accounts; and (c) effecting securities transactions and performing functions incidental thereto (such as clearance, settlement, and custody).
In light of the above, in selecting brokers, the portfolio managers consider investment and market information and other research, such as economic, securities and performance measurement research, provided by such brokers, and the quality and reliability of brokerage services, including execution capability, performance and financial responsibility. Accordingly, the commissions charged by any such broker may be greater than the amount another firm might charge if the portfolio managers determine in good faith that the amount of such commissions is reasonable in relation to the value of the research information and brokerage services provided by such broker to the Sub-Adviser or the Fund. The Sub-Adviser believes that the research information received in this manner provides the Fund with benefits by supplementing the research otherwise available to the Fund. The Investment Management Agreement and the Sub-Advisory Agreement provide that such higher commissions will not be paid by the Fund unless the Sub-Adviser determines in good faith that the amount is reasonable in relation to the services provided. The investment advisory fees paid by the Fund to the Adviser under the Investment Management Agreement and the sub-advisory fees paid by the Adviser to the Sub-Adviser under the Sub-Advisory Agreement are not reduced as a result of receipt by either the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser of research services.
Winslow Capital places portfolio transactions for other advisory accounts managed by it. Research services furnished by firms through which the Fund effects its securities transactions may be used by the Sub-Adviser in servicing all of its accounts; not all of such services may be used by the Sub-Adviser in connection with the Fund. The Sub-Adviser believes it is not possible to measure separately the benefits from research services to each of the accounts (including the Fund) managed by it. Because the volume and nature of the trading activities of the accounts are not uniform, the amount of commissions in excess of those charged by another broker paid by each account for brokerage and research services will vary. However, the Sub-Adviser believes such costs to the Fund will not be
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disproportionate to the benefits received by the Fund on a continuing basis. Winslow Capital seeks to allocate portfolio transactions equitably whenever concurrent decisions are made to purchase or sell securities by the Fund and another advisory account. In some cases, this procedure could have an adverse effect on the price or the amount of securities available to the Fund. In making such allocations between the Fund and other advisory accounts, the main factors considered by the Sub-Adviser are the respective investment objectives, the relative size of portfolio holdings of the same or comparable securities, the availability of cash for investment and the size of investment commitments generally held.
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF and Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF
Decisions with respect to which securities are to be bought or sold, the total amount of securities to be bought or sold, the broker-dealer with or through which the securities transactions are to be effected and the commission rates applicable to the trades are made by Nuveen Asset Management.
In selecting a broker-dealer to execute securities transactions, Nuveen Asset Management considers the full range and quality of a broker-dealer’s services including, among other things: the value, nature and quality of any brokerage and research products and services; execution capability; commission rate; financial responsibility (including willingness to commit capital); the likelihood of price improvement; the speed of execution and likelihood of execution for limit orders; the ability to minimize market impact; the maintenance of the confidentiality of orders; and responsiveness of the broker-dealer. The determinative factor is not the lowest possible commission cost but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution for the Funds. Subject to the satisfaction of its obligation to seek best execution, another factor considered by Nuveen Asset Management in selecting a broker-dealer may include the broker-dealer’s access to initial public offerings.
For certain transactions, Nuveen Asset Management may cause a Fund to pay a broker-dealer a commission higher than that which another broker-dealer might have charged for effecting the same transaction (a practice commonly referred to as “paying up”). Nuveen Asset Management causes a Fund to pay up in recognition of the value of the brokerage and research products and services (“Research Services”) the broker-dealer provides. The broker-dealer may directly provide Research Services to a Fund or may purchase them from a third party for a Fund. In such cases, Nuveen Asset Management is in effect paying for the Research Services with client commissions – so-called “soft dollars.” Nuveen Asset Management will only cause a Fund to pay up if Nuveen Asset Management, subject to its overall duty to seek best execution, determines in good faith that the Research Services are eligible brokerage and research under Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the amount of the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the Research Services provided, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or the overall responsibilities of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates with respect to the managing of its accounts.
Nuveen Asset Management employs the use of commission sharing arrangements administered by its centralized equity trading desk. Under these arrangements, when Nuveen Asset Management pays a commission to an executing broker, a portion of the commission is for execution of the trade (brokerage) and a portion is for Research Services. The broker will allocate the Research Services portion of the commission to a pool of commission credits it maintains. The commission manager, at Nuveen Asset Management’s direction, pays Research Services providers for eligible research products and services. An executing broker may or may not be a Research Services provider. Nuveen Asset Management uses commission sharing arrangements to pay for both proprietary and third party Research Services. The centralized equity trading desk does not select Research Services.
Under Nuveen Asset Management’s commission sharing arrangements, Nuveen Equities (the integrated equity investment team of Nuveen Asset Management (excluding Public Real Assets) and certain affiliates) aggregates commission credits into a single pool, and allocates the Research Services among the respective Nuveen Equities investment teams based on factors such as asset size of the team’s equity strategy and the strategy’s geographic considerations. Commission credits generated by Nuveen Asset Management’s Public Real Assets accounts are aggregated into a separate pool to purchase Research Services, which generally supports the Nuveen Asset Management Public Real Assets investment team. Research Services will not necessarily directly and specifically benefit the particular account(s) that generated the brokerage commissions used to acquire the Research Services.
Research Services consist of products and services including some or all of the following: economic analysis and forecasts, financial market analysis and forecasts, industry and company specific analysis, interest rate forecasts, arbitrage relative valuation analysis of various debt securities, analytical tools for investment research and related consulting services, market data services and other services
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that assist in the investment decision making process, and meetings arranged by broker-dealers with corporate management teams and spokespersons, as well as industry spokespersons. Research products include written reports, computer-generated services, telephone contacts and personal meetings with securities analysts that assist in the investment decision-making process.
Nuveen Asset Management will use Research Services to benefit any client of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates, including a Fund, and at times the Research Services will not directly benefit the particular account(s) that generated the brokerage commissions used to acquire the Research Services. For example, Nuveen Asset Management uses clients’ equity commissions to pay for Research Services that at times will benefit other accounts of Nuveen Asset Management and its affiliates.
The Research Services that Nuveen Asset Management receives from broker-dealers supplement Nuveen Asset Management’s own research activities. As a practical matter, in some cases Nuveen Asset Management could not, on its own, generate all of the Research Services that broker-dealers provide without materially increasing its expenses. Because of the nature of soft dollar arrangements, and because of the fact that any particular Research Service may be used to service all of Nuveen Asset Management’s advisory accounts (possibly to varying degrees) or fewer than all of its advisory accounts, Nuveen Asset Management is unable to quantify or estimate the value of any such services attributable to a particular advisory account with any meaningful degree of accuracy.
Many of the Funds’ portfolio transactions involve payment of a brokerage commission by the applicable Fund. In some cases, transactions are with dealers or issuers who act as principal for their own accounts and not as brokers. Transactions effected on a principal basis, other than certain transactions effected on a so-called riskless principal basis, are made without the payment of brokerage commissions but at net prices which usually include a spread or markup. In effecting transactions in over-the-counter securities, a Fund typically deals with market makers unless it appears that better price and execution are available elsewhere.
It is expected that a Fund will purchase most foreign equity securities in the over-the-counter markets or stock exchanges located in the countries in which the respective principal offices of the issuers of the various securities are located if that is the best available market. The commission paid in connection with foreign stock transactions may be higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. transactions. There generally is less governmental supervision and regulation of foreign stock exchanges than in the United States. Foreign securities settlements may in some instances be subject to delays and related administrative uncertainties.
Foreign equity securities may be held in the form of depositary receipts or securities convertible into foreign equity securities. Depositary receipts may be listed on stock exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter markets in the United States or overseas. The foreign and domestic debt securities and money market instruments in which a Fund may invest are generally traded in the over-the-counter markets.
The Funds do not effect any brokerage transactions in their portfolio securities with any broker or dealer affiliated directly or indirectly with the Adviser, Nuveen Asset Management or Distributor unless such transactions, including the frequency thereof, the receipt of commission payable in connection therewith, and the selection of the affiliated broker or dealer effecting such transactions are not unfair or unreasonable to the shareholders of a Fund, as determined by the Board of Trustees. Any transactions with an affiliated broker or dealer must be on terms that are both at least as favorable to a Fund as a Fund can obtain elsewhere and at least as favorable as such affiliated broker or dealer normally gives to others.
When two or more clients of Nuveen Asset Management are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security, the prices and amounts are allocated in a manner considered by Nuveen Asset Management to be equitable to each client. In some cases, this system could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security as far as each client is concerned. In other cases, however, the ability of the clients to participate in volume transactions may produce better executions for each client.
On behalf of a Fund, Nuveen Asset Management may seek to buy from or sell securities to another fund or account advised by Nuveen Asset Management or an affiliate. Nuveen Asset Management may effect purchases and sales between its clients or clients of its affiliates, including a Fund (referred to herein as “cross trades”), if it believes that such transactions are appropriate based on each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. Cross trades may give rise to potential conflicts of interest for Nuveen Asset Management. On any occasion when a
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Fund participates in a cross trade, a Fund will comply with procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance.
All Funds
The following table sets forth the aggregate brokerage commissions paid by each Fund, from September 27, 2021 (commencement of operations for each Fund) through the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Aggregate Brokerage Commissions Paid by the Fund |
Fund |
09/27/21-10/31/21 |
11/01/21-10/31/22 |
11/01/22-10/31/23 |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
$ 101 |
$ 216 |
$ 270 |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
214 |
1,553 |
939 |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
263 |
1,401 |
1,577 |
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Funds did not pay commissions to brokers in return for their research services.
Brokerage commissions paid by a Fund may vary substantially from year to year as a result of changing asset levels throughout the year, portfolio turnover rates, differences in shareholder purchase and redemption activity, varying market conditions and other factors.
The following Funds have acquired during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023 the securities of their regular brokers or dealers as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act or of the parents of the brokers or dealers. The following table sets forth those brokers or dealers and states the value of the Funds’ aggregate holdings of the securities of the issuer as of close of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023:
Fund |
Broker/Dealer |
Issuer |
Aggregate Fund Holdings of Broker/Dealer or Parent (as of October 31, 2023) | |||||
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
JP Morgan Securities, Inc. |
JPMorgan Chase & Co |
$ 231,118 |
|||||
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
Morgan Stanley & Co. |
Morgan Stanley |
60,480 |
|||||
Under the 1940 Act, a Fund may not purchase portfolio securities from any underwriting syndicate of which the Distributor is a member except under certain limited conditions set forth in Rule 10f-3. The Rule sets forth requirements relating to, among other things, the terms of a security purchased by a Fund, the amount of securities that may be purchased in any one issue and the assets of a Fund that may be invested in a particular issue. In addition, purchases of securities made pursuant to the terms of the Rule must be approved at least quarterly by the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the independent trustees.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Proxy Portfolio
A Fund’s Proxy Portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated each day a Fund is open for business through financial reporting and news services, including publicly accessible Internet web sites. In addition, a basket composition file, which includes the security names and share quantities to deliver in exchange for Creation Units, together with estimates and actual cash components, is publicly disseminated daily prior to the opening of the NYSE Arca via the NSCC, a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC. The names and quantities of the instruments included in the basket composition file will be the same as a Fund’s Proxy Portfolio, subject to cash substitutions. In addition, a Fund may determine to use baskets that differ from the Proxy Portfolio in that they include instruments that are not in the Proxy Portfolio, or are included in the Proxy Portfolio but in different weightings.
Each Business Day (as defined below), a Fund’s Proxy Portfolio holdings information is provided to the Distributor or other agent for dissemination through the facilities of the NSCC and/or other fee-
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based subscription services to NSCC members and/or subscribers to those other fee-based subscription services, including market makers and Authorized Participants, and to entities that publish and/or analyze such information in connection with the process of purchasing or redeeming Creation Units or trading shares of a Fund in the secondary market or evaluating such potential transactions.
A Fund’s Proxy Portfolio is published on the Funds' website at www.nuveen.com/ETF each Business Day and includes the following information for each portfolio holding in the Proxy Portfolio: (1) ticker symbol; (2) CUSIP or other identifier; (3) description of holding; (4) quantity of each security or other asset held; and (5) percentage weight of the holding in the Proxy Portfolio.
Proxy Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process may be provided to other entities that provide services to a Fund in the ordinary course of business after it has been disseminated to the NSCC. From time to time, information concerning Proxy Portfolio holdings other than Proxy Portfolio holdings information made available in connection with the creation/redemption process, as discussed above, may be provided to other entities that provide services to a Fund, including rating or ranking organizations, in the ordinary course of business, no earlier than one Business Day (as defined below) following the date of the information. A Fund, Adviser, Sub-Adviser, Custodian and Distributor will not disseminate non-public information concerning a Fund, except: (i) to a party for a legitimate business purpose related to the day-to-day operations of a Fund or (ii) to any other party for a legitimate business or regulatory purpose, upon waiver or exception.
Actual Portfolio Distribution to the Public
The Board has adopted policies to limit the disclosure of confidential Actual Portfolio holdings information and to ensure equal access to such information, except in certain circumstances as approved by the Board. These policies are summarized below. Generally, Actual Portfolio holdings information will not be disclosed until it is first posted on a Fund’s website at www.nuveen.com/etf. A complete list of a Fund’s portfolio holdings information is generally made available on the Fund’s website at www.nuveen.com/etf ten business days after the end of each month. A list of a Fund’s top 10 holdings as of the month end is generally available two to five business days after the month end on the Fund’s website at www.nuveen.com/etf. Any Actual Portfolio holdings information that is released must clearly indicate the date of the information, and must state that due to active management, a Fund may or may not still invest in the securities listed. Portfolio characteristics, such as industry/sector breakdown, current yield, quality breakdown, duration, average price-earnings ratio and other similar information may be provided on a current basis. However, portfolio characteristics do not include references to specific Actual Portfolio holdings.
Disclosure of Actual Portfolio holdings information to anyone other than (i) Fund affiliated persons, (ii) broker-dealers with whom a Fund is contemplating or effecting a portfolio transaction and/or from whom a Fund is obtaining portfolio security price indications, and (iii) Fund service providers, must be approved by the Secretary of the Trust or a managing director in Nuveen’s Legal Department. The disclosure of this non-public information may be made only if the recipient has executed a non-disclosure agreement. Fund Compliance will report to a Fund’s Board of Trustees regarding the disclosure of Actual Portfolio holdings information on an annual basis.
Notwithstanding the above, there is no assurance that a Fund’s policies on the sharing of Actual Portfolio holdings information will protect a Fund from the potential misuse of holdings by individuals or firms in possession of that information.
Other registered investment companies that are advised or sub-advised by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser may be subject to different portfolio holdings disclosure policies, and neither the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser nor the Board exercises control over such policies or disclosure. In addition, separate account clients of the Adviser and Sub-Adviser have access to their portfolio holdings and are not subject to a Fund’s Actual Portfolio holdings disclosure policies. Some of the funds that are advised or sub-advised by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser and some of the separate accounts managed by the Adviser or Sub-Adviser may have investment objectives and strategies that are substantially similar or identical to a Fund’s investment objectives and strategies, and therefore potentially substantially similar, and in certain cases nearly identical, Actual Portfolio holdings as a Fund.
Any disclosures of Actual Portfolio holdings information by a Fund or the Adviser or Sub-Adviser must be consistent with the antifraud provisions of the federal securities laws, a Fund’s and the Adviser’s/Sub-Adviser’s fiduciary duty to shareholders, and a Fund’s code of ethics. A Fund’s policies expressly prohibit the sharing of Actual Portfolio holdings information if a Fund, the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, or any other affiliated party receives compensation or other consideration in connection with
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such arrangement. The term “consideration” includes any agreement to maintain assets in a Fund or in other funds or accounts managed by a Fund’s Adviser or Sub-Adviser or by any affiliated person of the Adviser or the Sub-Adviser.
In addition, a Fund discloses its complete Actual Portfolio holdings schedule in public filings with the SEC within 70 days of the end of the second and fourth fiscal quarters and within 60 days of the end of the first and third fiscal quarters and will provide such information to shareholders as required by federal securities laws and regulations thereunder. A Fund may, however, voluntarily disclose all or part of its Actual Portfolio holdings in advance of required filings with the SEC, provided that such information is made generally available to all shareholders and other interested parties in a manner that is consistent with the above policy for disclosure of Actual Portfolio holdings information. Such information may be made available through a publicly-available website or other means that make the information available to all likely interested parties contemporaneously.
A Fund’s CCO or the CCO’s delegate may authorize disclosure of Actual Portfolio holdings information pursuant to the above policy and procedures. The Board reviews the policy and procedures for disclosure of Actual Portfolio holdings information at least annually.
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Purchase and Sale of Shares.”
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depositary for the shares. Shares of the Funds are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except in the limited circumstance provided below, certificates will not be issued for shares.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to other banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of the Funds held by each DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant and/or third party service a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of the Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to
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Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Listing Exchange.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
The following table sets forth the percentage ownership of each person, who, as of February 1, 2024, owned of record, or is known by the Adviser to have owned beneficially, 5% or more of the Funds’ shares.
Name of Fund |
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership |
Dividend Growth |
|
|
|
| |
|
| |
Small Cap Select |
|
|
|
| |
Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
|
|
An Authorized Participant may hold of record more than 25% of the outstanding shares of a Fund. From time to time, Authorized Participants may be a beneficial and/or legal owner of a Fund, may be affiliated with an index provider, may be deemed to have control of a Fund and/or may be able to affect the outcome of matters presented for a vote of the shareholders of a Fund. Authorized Participants may execute an irrevocable proxy granting the Distributor or an affiliate of the Distributor (the “Agent”) power to vote or abstain from voting such Authorized Participant’s beneficially or legally owned shares of a
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Fund. When granted the power to vote, the Agent shall mirror vote such shares in the same proportion as all other beneficial owners of a Fund.
It is also possible that, from time to time, Nuveen or its affiliates may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of a Fund. Nuveen and its affiliates reserve the right, subject to compliance with applicable law, to sell at any time some or all of the shares of a Fund acquired for their own accounts. A large sale of shares of a Fund by Nuveen or its affiliates could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s market price.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
The Funds issue and redeem shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Creation Units are typically purchased and redeemed in-kind, but they may also be purchased and redeemed, in whole or in part, for cash in the Adviser’s discretion. Compared to an ETF that does not use a Proxy Portfolio, the purchases and sales of securities associated with the alignment of the Proxy Portfolio with the Fund’s actual portfolio holdings during creation and redemption transactions may result in higher portfolio turnover, transaction costs and higher taxes. Each Fund’s NAV is determined once each day the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”), as described under “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
Only Authorized Participants may purchase and redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds at NAV. To become an Authorized Participant, a firm must execute an Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Participant Agreement”) that has been agreed to by the Distributor and BBH, in a form approved by the Trust. Among other things, the Participant Agreement requires that an Authorized Participant be (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or (ii) a DTC Participant.
The Funds issue and redeem Creation Units through the Distributor at their NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form on any Business Day. All orders to purchase or redeem Creation Units directly from the Funds, including non-standard orders (as defined below), must be placed in the manner and by the time specified by a Fund on each Business Day (generally, 4 p.m., Eastern time) (the “Cut-Off Time”). The date on which an order to purchase or redeem Creation Units is received in proper form and is accepted by the Distributor is referred to as the “Order Placement Date.” An order is generally considered to be in “proper form” if all procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, the AP Handbook and this SAI are properly followed.
An Authorized Participant submitting a creation or redemption order is deemed to make certain representations to the Trust as set forth in the Participant Agreement. The Distributor reserves the right to verify these representations in its discretion. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Distributor in its sole discretion, the order will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Distributor.
Purchase (Creation)
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of a Fund generally consists of (a) either (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) per each Creation Unit or (ii) the cash value of the Deposit Securities (“Deposit Cash”) and (b) the Cash Component, defined and computed as described below. The names and quantities of the instruments that constitute the Deposit Securities will be the same as the Proxy Portfolio, except to the extent purchases are made entirely or partially on a cash basis. Together, the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” the value of which equals the NAV of a Creation Unit of a Fund on any given Order Placement Date. In addition to the Fund Deposit, Authorized Participants will be charged a standard fixed transaction fee and, for purchases effected in whole or in part with Deposit Cash, a variable transaction fee intended to cover the costs a Fund incurs in acquiring portfolio securities with such Deposit Cash. See “Transaction Fees” below for additional information.
The “Cash Component” is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component may include a “Dividend Equivalent Payments,” which enables a Fund to make a complete distribution of dividends on the day preceding the next dividend payment date, and is an amount equal, on a per
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Creation Unit basis, to the dividends on all the portfolio securities of a Fund (“Dividend Securities”) with ex-dividend dates within the accumulation period for such distribution (the “Accumulation Period”), net of expenses and liabilities for such period, as if all of the Dividend Securities had been held by a Fund for the entire Accumulation Period. The Accumulation Period begins on the ex-dividend date for the Funds and ends on the day preceding the next ex-dividend date. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such positive amount. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such negative amount and the Authorized Participant will be entitled to receive cash in an amount equal to the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, if applicable, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
BBH, through NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the NYSE (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) (the “NYSE Open”), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, to be included in the Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for each Fund on such day. Such Fund Deposit is subject to any applicable adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of a Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, is made available.
The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities or the amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, required for a Fund Deposit for each Fund may be changed from time to time pursuant to the changes in the composition of a Fund’s Proxy Portfolio. Information regarding the Fund Deposit necessary for the purchase of a Creation Unit is made available to Authorized Participants and other market participants seeking to transact in Creation Unit aggregations. The composition of the Deposit Securities may also change in response to rebalancing adjustments, interest payments, and corporate action events.
The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of Deposit Cash to replace any or all Deposit Securities, including, without limitation, in situations where a Deposit Security: (i) may not be available in sufficient quantity for delivery; (ii) may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC for corporate securities and municipal securities or the Federal Reserve System for U.S. Treasury securities; (iii) may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting; (iv) would be restricted under the securities laws; or (v) in certain other situations (collectively, “non-standard orders”). The Trust also reserves the right to: (i) permit or require the substitution of Deposit Securities in lieu of Deposit Cash and (ii) include or remove Deposit Securities from the Fund Deposit in anticipation of Index rebalancing changes.
Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. Fund Deposits must be delivered by an Authorized Participant through the Federal Reserve System (for cash and U.S. government securities), through DTC (for corporate securities and municipal securities), through a subcustody agent (for foreign securities) and/or through such other arrangements allowed by the Trust or its agents. Foreign Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained on behalf of a Fund at its applicable local subcustodian. Transfer of the Fund Deposit and all applicable transaction fees must be ordered by the Authorized Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure delivery to the account of a Fund or its agents by no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the date on which the Creation Units are to be delivered (the “Settlement Date”), which for purchases is generally the second Business Day after the Order Placement Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash to be delivered, as applicable, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any securities or cash, as applicable, will be determined by the Distributor, whose determination shall be final and binding. If the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, are not received in a timely manner by the Settlement Date, the purchase order may be cancelled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to a Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. Any such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit required for such Business Day.
Investors placing orders through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order by the Cut-Off Time on such Business Day. An Authorized Participant may require an investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not be an Authorized Participant, in which case orders to purchase shares directly
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from a Fund in Creation Units would have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, the Authorized Participant may impose additional charges on such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of Authorized Participants, and only a small number of such Authorized Participants may have international capabilities.
Except as provided below, Creation Units will not be issued until the transfer of good title to a Fund of the Deposit Securities or payment of Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the payment of the Cash Component and all applicable transaction fees have been completed. In instances where a Fund accepts Deposit Securities for the purchase of a Creation Unit, the Creation Unit may be delivered in advance of receipt by a Fund of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, (ii) all applicable transaction fees and (iii) an additional amount of cash equal to a percentage of the market value, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Cash Collateral”), which shall be maintained by BBH in a general non-interest bearing collateral account. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with a Fund, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities, to the extent necessary to maintain the Cash Collateral with a Fund in an amount at least equal to the applicable percentage, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. A Fund may use such Cash Collateral to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time. Authorized Participants will be liable to a Fund for all costs, expenses, dividends, income and taxes associated with missing Deposit Securities, including the costs incurred by a Fund in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the Order Placement Date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. A Fund will return any unused portion of the Cash Collateral once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by BBH. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
The Distributor reserves the right to reject a purchase order in its discretion, including, without limitation, if (a) the order is not in proper form; (b) the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, delivered by the Authorized Participant do not match those disseminated through the facilities of NSCC for that date; (c) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of a Fund; (d) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel to the Funds, be unlawful; or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Funds, the Distributor, BBH and/or the Adviser make it for all practical purposes not feasible to process orders for Creation Units (examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Funds, the Distributor, BBH, DTC, NSCC, Federal Reserve System, or any other participant in the creation process; and other extraordinary events). The Funds or its agents shall communicate to the Authorized Participant the rejection of an order. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any order or in the delivery of Fund Deposits, nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Funds, the Distributor and BBH shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.
Redemption
Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form on a Business Day. EXCEPT UPON LIQUIDATION OF A FUND, THE FUND WILL NOT REDEEM SHARES IN AMOUNTS LESS THAN CREATION UNITS. Investors must accumulate enough Fund shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by a Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Fund shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
Redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will be paid either in-kind or in cash, or a combination thereof, as disclosed by BBH prior to the NYSE Open. With respect to in-kind redemptions, BBH, through NSCC, makes available prior to the NYSE Open on each Business Day the list of the names and share quantities of each Fund’s portfolio securities (subject to possible amendment or correction) that will be distributed upon the receipt of redemption requests in proper form prior to the Cut-Off Time on that day
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(“Fund Securities”). The names and quantities of the instruments that constitute the Fund Securities received on redemption will be the same as the Proxy Portfolio, except to the extent redemptions are made entirely or partially on a cash basis.
In connection with any in-kind redemptions, Authorized Participants will also pay or receive cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Creation Units being redeemed and the value of the Fund Securities received (the “Cash Redemption Component”). In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential is required to be paid to the Funds by the Authorized Participant. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value less than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential will be paid by the Funds to the Authorized Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at a Fund’s discretion, an Authorized Participant may receive the corresponding cash value of all or a portion of the Fund Securities.
Procedures for Redemption of Creation Units. After an order for redemption in proper form has been received, the Funds will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to the Authorized Participant by the Settlement Date. With respect to in-kind redemptions of the Funds, the calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered upon redemption will be made by BBH according to the procedures set forth under “Determination of Net Asset Value,” computed on the Order Placement Date. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted by an Authorized Participant by the Cut-Off Time on the Order Placement Date, and the requisite number of shares of the Funds are delivered to BBH prior to 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered will be determined on such Order Placement Date. If the requisite number of shares of the Funds are not delivered by 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, the Funds will not release the Fund Securities for delivery unless collateral is posted in such percentage amount of missing shares as set forth in the Participant Agreement (marked to market daily).
In order to take delivery of Fund Securities upon redemption of Creation Units, an Authorized Participant must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded (or such other arrangements as allowed by the Funds or its agents), to which account such Fund Securities will be delivered. Deliveries of redemption proceeds generally will be made within two Business Days of the Order Placement Date. However, due to the schedule of holidays in certain countries, the different treatment among foreign and U.S. markets of dividend record dates and dividend ex-dates (that is the last date the holder of a security can sell the security and still receive dividends payable on the security sold), and in certain other circumstances, the delivery of in-kind redemption proceeds with respect to a Fund that invests in non-U.S. securities may take longer than two Business Days after the day on which the redemption request is received in proper form. In certain circumstances, intervening holidays in an applicable foreign market that are not holidays observed in the U.S. equity market may cause a Fund to take more than seven calendar days to deliver redemption proceeds. If neither the redeeming shareholder nor the Authorized Participant acting on behalf of such redeeming shareholder has appropriate arrangements to take delivery of the Fund securities in the applicable foreign jurisdiction and it is not possible to make other such arrangements, or if it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund securities in such jurisdiction, the Trust may, in its discretion, exercise its option to redeem such shares in cash, and the redeeming shareholders will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash.
If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, a Fund may, in its sole discretion, exercise its option to redeem shares in cash, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request a redemption in cash that the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the Authorized Participant will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares on the Order Placement Date, minus a fixed transaction fee and an additional variable transaction fee, each as described in further detail below under “Transaction Fees,” to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of portfolio securities necessary to fund the redemption in cash.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and the Funds (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserve the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that it could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant (or a client for which it is acting) subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized
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Participant may request a redeeming client to complete certain documentation with respect to such matters. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer” (“QIB”), as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive Fund Securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A. An Authorized Participant may be required by a Fund to provide a written confirmation with respect to QIB status in order to receive Fund Securities. Redemptions effected in cash will be subject to applicable transaction fees.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the Settlement Date postponed with respect to a Fund (1) for any period during which the Listing Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Listing Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which redemption of shares of a Fund or determination of the NAV of the shares is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Required Early Submission of Orders
Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Fund may require orders to be placed earlier than the normal Cut-Off Time, and in certain circumstances up to 23 hours prior to the normal Cut-Off Time. Authorized Participants will be notified in the event that the Cut-Off Time for an order will be earlier than normal on any particular Business Day. Orders to purchase shares that are submitted on the Business Day immediately preceding a holiday or a day (other than a weekend) that the markets in the relevant foreign market are closed may not be accepted.
Transaction Fees
Transaction fees, as set forth in the table below, are imposed to cover transaction costs associated with the purchase or redemption of Creation Units, as applicable, including estimated trading costs of converting a Fund’s actual portfolio holdings into the Fund Securities and the costs of clearance and settlement charged to a Fund. Authorized Participants will be required to pay a fixed creation transaction fee and/or a fixed redemption transaction fee, as applicable, on a given day that does not vary with the number of Creation Units created or redeemed on that day. Additional variable transaction fees will be applied to certain creation and redemption transactions, including non-standard orders and whole or partial cash purchases or redemptions. The following table shows, as of the date of this SAI, the approximate value of one Creation Unit and the standard fixed and maximum additional variable transaction fees for creations and redemptions (as described above):
Fund Name |
Approximate Value of a Creation Unit |
Creation Unit Size |
Standard |
Maximum Additional Charge for Creations* |
Maximum Additional Charge for Redemptions* |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
$279,600 |
10,000 |
$250 |
3.0% |
2.0% |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
$240,200 |
10,000 |
$350 |
3.0% |
2.0% |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
$263,200 |
10,000 |
$250 |
3.0% |
2.0% |
* As a percentage of the NAV per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemptions, of the standard redemption transaction fee.
The Funds may adjust the transaction fees from time to time upon notice to Authorized Participants. The Adviser may also from time to time cover the cost of any transaction fees if it determines it is in a Fund’s best interest.
In addition, with respect to creation orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the Fund and with respect to redemption orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Funds to their account or as otherwise specified on their order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may also be charged a fee by such intermediary for such services.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
Each Fund’s NAV is determined as set forth in its Prospectus under “General Information—Net Asset Value.” Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Prospectus, each Fund’s determination of net asset value will comply with Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act.
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CAPITAL STOCK
Each Fund issues shares of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share. The Board has the right to establish additional series in the future, to determine the preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges thereof and to modify such preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges without shareholder approval.
The Trust is not required to and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration”) requires a shareholder vote only on those matters where the 1940 Act requires a vote of shareholders and otherwise permits the Trustees to take actions without seeking the consent of shareholders. For example, the Declaration gives the Trustees the authority to approve reorganizations between a Fund and another entity, such as another ETF, or the sale of all or substantially all of a Fund’s assets, or the termination of the Trust or a Fund without shareholder approval if the 1940 Act would not require such approval. Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required, consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shares of all series of the Trust vote together as a single class except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, or if the matter being voted on affects only a particular series; and, if a matter affects a particular series differently from other series, the shares of that series will vote separately on such matter.
The Trustees establish the number of Trustees and may fill vacancies on the Board, except when election of Trustees by the shareholders is required under the 1940 Act. Trustees are then elected by a plurality of votes cast by shareholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present. The Declaration also provides that Trustees may be removed, with cause, by a vote of shareholders holding at least two-thirds of the voting power of the Trust, or by a vote of two-thirds of the remaining Trustees. “Cause” requires willful misconduct, dishonesty, fraud or a felony conviction. The provisions of the Declaration relating to the election and removal of Trustees may not be amended without the approval of two-thirds of the Trustees.
Under the Declaration, by becoming a shareholder of a Fund, each shareholder is expressly held to have agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration and the Trust’s By-laws. The Declaration may, except in limited circumstances, be amended by the Trustees in any respect without a shareholder vote. Shareholders may be required to disclose information on direct or indirect ownership of a Fund’s shares in order to comply with various laws applicable to a Fund or as the Trustees may determine, and ownership of a Fund’s shares may be disclosed by a Fund if so required by law or regulation. In addition, pursuant to the Declaration, the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the Trust to redeem shares held by any shareholder for any reason under terms set by the Trustees.
In order to permit legitimate inquiries and claims while avoiding the time, expense, distraction and other harm that can be caused to the Funds or their shareholders as a result of spurious shareholder claims, demands and derivative actions, the Declaration provides a detailed process for the bringing of derivative actions by shareholders, and provides that actions that are derivative in nature may not be brought directly. Consistent with applicable Massachusetts law, prior to bringing a derivative action, a demand must first be made on the Trustees. The Declaration details various information, certifications, undertakings and acknowledgements that must be included in the demand. If a majority of the Trustees who are considered independent for the purposes of considering the demand determine that maintaining the suit would not be in the best interests of the Funds, the Trustees are required to reject the demand and the complaining shareholder may not proceed with the derivative action unless the shareholder is able to sustain the burden of proof to a court that the decision of the Trustees not to pursue the requested action was not a good faith exercise of their business judgment on behalf of the Funds. In making such a determination, a Trustee is not considered to have a personal financial interest by virtue of being compensated for his or her services as a Trustee. If a demand is rejected, the complaining shareholder may be responsible for a Fund’s costs and expenses if a court determines that a derivative action was made without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose, if a derivative or direct action is dismissed on the basis of a failure to comply with the procedural provisions relating to shareholder actions as set forth in the Declaration or if a direct action is dismissed by a court for failure to state a claim. Any shareholder bringing an action against a Fund waives the right to trial by jury to the fullest extent permitted by law and any action commenced by a shareholder may be brought only in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts (Boston Division) or if any such action may not be brought in that court, then in the Business Litigation Session of Suffolk Superior Court in Massachusetts (the “Chosen Courts”), under the terms of the Declaration. Except as prohibited by law, if a shareholder commences an applicable action in
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a court other than a Chosen Court, the shareholder may be obligated to reimburse a Fund and any applicable Trustee or officer of a Fund made party to such proceeding for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any successful motion to dismiss, stay or transfer of the action.
The Declaration specifically provides, however, that no provision of the Declaration is effective to require a waiver of compliance with any provision of, or restrict any shareholder rights expressly granted by, the 1933 Act, the Securities Exchange act of 1934, as amended, or the 1940 Act, or any rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. The provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees determine, with the advice of counsel, that any such provision, in whole or in part, conflict with applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provisions, or part or parts thereof, will be deemed to be not part of the Declaration (provided, that any such determination will not render any of the remaining provisions invalid or improper).
Under Massachusetts law applicable to Massachusetts business trusts, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of this disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Declaration further provides for indemnification out of the assets and property of the Trust for all losses and expenses of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the Trust or a Fund itself was unable to meet its obligations. The Trust believes the likelihood of the occurrence of these circumstances is remote.
The Declaration further provides that a Trustee acting in his or her capacity as Trustee is not personally liable to any person other than the Trust or its series, in connection with the affairs of the Trust or for any act, omission, or obligation of the Trust. A Trustee is liable only for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration requires the Trust to indemnify any persons who are or who have been Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust for any liability for actions or failure to act except to the extent prohibited by applicable federal law. In making any determination as to whether any person is entitled to the advancement of expenses in connection with a claim for which indemnification is sought, such person is entitled to a rebuttable presumption that he or she did not engage in conduct for which indemnification is not available. The Declaration provides that any Trustee who serves as chair of the Board or of a committee of the Board, lead independent Trustee, or audit committee financial expert, or in any other similar capacity will not be subject to any greater standard of care or liability because of such position.
Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, Nuveen Securities, LLC, at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
TAX MATTERS
Federal Income Tax Matters
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Funds is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, all as in effect as of the date of the filing of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Funds. Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in the Funds is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when the Funds make distributions or you sell Fund shares. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company (RIC)
Each Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify each year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, each Fund must, among other things:
(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock
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or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);
(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of a Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with investments in such other securities limited with respect to any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of a Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of a Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which a Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers that are controlled by a Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (2) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and
(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or greater than the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income.
In general, for purposes of the 90% qualifying income test described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by a Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (ii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in clause (a)(i) of the description of the 90% qualifying income test applicable to RICs, above) will be treated as qualifying income.
Taxation of the Funds
If a Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, the Fund will generally not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of a Fund as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.
If, for any taxable year, a Fund was to fail to qualify as a RIC or was to fail to meet the distribution requirement described above, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by a Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, a Fund’s distributions, to the extent derived from the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividend income for federal income tax purposes. However, such dividends would be eligible, subject to any generally applicable limitations, (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. Moreover, a Fund would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent year. Under certain circumstances, a Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If a Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within five years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year.
Each Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and net capital gain (the excess of a Fund’s net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss). Investment income that is retained by a Fund will generally be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. If a Fund retains any net capital gain, that gain will be subject to tax at corporate rates, but the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be deemed to have paid their proportionate shares of the tax paid by
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the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of a Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder.
If a Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For these purposes, a Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. Each Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. Each Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of such Fund to satisfy the requirement for qualification as a RIC.
Each Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and certain other late-year losses.
If a Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year.
“Net capital losses” are not permitted to be deducted against a RIC’s net investment income. Instead, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, potentially subject to certain limitations, a RIC may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to offset capital gains in future years. A Fund is permitted to carry net capital losses forward indefinitely. To the extent subsequent capital gains are offset by such losses, they will not result in U.S. federal income tax liability to a Fund and may not be distributed as capital gains to shareholders. Generally, a Fund may not carry forward any losses other than net capital losses. The carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if a Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Code.
Distributions
Distributions are generally taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Moreover, distributions on a Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Investors may therefore wish to avoid purchasing shares at a time when the Fund’s NAV reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Realized income and gains must generally be distributed even when a Fund’s NAV also reflects unrealized losses.
Dividends and other distributions by a Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, if any dividend or distribution is declared by a Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to its shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month but is actually paid during the following January, such dividend or distribution will be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Distributions by the Funds of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long a Fund owned the assets that generated those gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by a Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by a Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses.
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Distributions from a Fund’s net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. For individuals, long-term capital gains are subject to tax at a maximum tax rate currently set at 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that a Fund owned for one year or less will be subject to tax at ordinary income rates.
For non-corporate shareholders, distributions of investment income reported by a Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed at rates of up to 20%, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. In order for some portion of the dividends received by a Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund making the distribution must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before the ex-dividend date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation that is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. Distributions that a Fund receives from an ETF, REIT or an underlying fund taxable as a RIC will be treated as "qualified dividend income" only to the extent so reported by such ETF, REIT or underlying fund.
Certain dividends received by a Fund on stock of U.S. corporations (generally, dividends received by a Fund in respect of any share of stock (1) as to which a Fund has met certain holding period requirements and (2) that is held in an unleveraged position) may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally available to corporate shareholders under the Code, provided such dividends are also appropriately reported as eligible for the dividends-received deduction by a Fund. In order to qualify for the dividends-received deduction, corporate shareholders must also meet minimum holding period requirements with respect to their Fund Shares, taking into account any holding period reductions from certain hedging or other transactions or positions that diminish their risk of loss with respect to their Fund Shares. Since a Fund is not expected to invest in stocks of U.S. corporations, a Fund's dividends generally are not expected to quality for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.
To the extent that a Fund makes a distribution of income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Dividends and distributions from a Fund and capital gain on the sale of Fund shares are generally taken into account in determining a shareholder’s “net investment income” for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts.
If a Fund makes distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution to each shareholder will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and will reduce the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares. After the shareholder’s basis has been reduced to zero, any such distributions will result in a capital gain, assuming the shareholder holds his or her shares as capital assets. A reduction in a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares will reduce any loss or increase any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
A sale or exchange of shares in a Fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares and will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months and short-term capital gain or loss if held for 12 months or less. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain
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distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares of a Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Backup Withholding
The Funds (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which a shareholder holds Fund shares) generally are required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 24%. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”).
Federal Tax Treatment of Certain Fund Investments
Transactions of the Funds in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swap agreements, straddles and foreign currencies may be subject to various special and complex tax rules, including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules. These rules could affect a Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund, and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses. These rules may in turn affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by a Fund. These provisions also may require a Fund to mark to market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the RIC distribution requirement and for avoiding excise taxes. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, a Fund may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so. The Funds intend to monitor their transactions, intends to make appropriate tax elections, and intend to make appropriate entries in their books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and preserve their qualification for treatment as RICs.
The Funds are required, for federal income tax purposes, to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses as of the end of such year on certain regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts in addition to the gains and losses actually realized with respect to such contracts during the year. Gain or loss from Section 1256 contracts that are required to be marked to market annually will generally be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Funds may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Funds to mark-to-market certain types of positions in their portfolios (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause a Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above.
Additional Tax Information Concerning REITs
The Funds may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity securities may require a Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, a Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. A Fund’s investments in REIT equity securities may at other times result in a Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if a Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to a Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends paid by a REIT, other than capital gain distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a REIT to a Fund will be treated as long-term capital gains by a Fund and, in turn, may be distributed by a Fund to its shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Dividends received by a Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends received deduction. If a REIT is operated in a manner such that it fails to qualify as a REIT, an investment in the REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable income of the REIT would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any
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deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
A Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or which are, or have certain wholly-owned subsidiaries that are, “taxable mortgage pools” (“TMPs”). Under certain Treasury guidance, a portion of a Fund’s income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or equity interests in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This guidance provides that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as a Fund, must generally be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or TMP interests directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity, which otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income (see “Taxes—Tax-Exempt Shareholders” below), and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. A Fund does not intend to invest a substantial portion of its assets in REITs which generate excess inclusion income.
REITs in which a Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to a Fund until after the time that a Fund issues a tax reporting statement. As a result, a Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions after it issues a tax reporting statement. If this were to occur, the financial intermediary with whom you hold your shares will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.
Foreign Investments
If the Funds acquire any equity interest in certain foreign investment entities (i) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or (ii) where at least 50% of the corporation’s assets (computed based on average fair market value) either produce or are held for the production of passive income (“passive foreign investment companies” or “PFICs”), the Funds will generally be subject to one of the following special tax regimes: (i) a Fund may be liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge, on a portion of any “excess distribution” from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders; (ii) if a Fund were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF”, the Fund would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the Fund’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the PFIC, whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the Fund; or (iii) a Fund may be entitled to mark to market annually shares of the PFIC, and in such event would be required to distribute to shareholders any such mark to market gains in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above. The Funds intend to make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the effect of these rules. The Funds may limit and/or manage their holdings in passive foreign investment companies to limit their tax liability or maximize their return from these investments.
Income received by the Funds from sources within foreign countries (including, for example, dividends or interest on stock or securities of non-U.S. issuers) may be subject to withholding and other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between such countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Under current law, income of a RIC that would be treated as unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt entity that is a shareholder in the RIC. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder
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could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in a Fund if: (i) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b), (ii) if the Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, (iii) the Fund invests in a REIT that is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) or in a REIT that has a subsidiary that is a TMP, or (iv) if the Fund holds residual interests in REMICs. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding these issues. The Funds are not expected to hold any REMIC interests.
Non-U.S. Investors
In general, dividends, other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by the Funds to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. The Funds may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a U.S. income tax deduction for losses) realized on a sale of shares of a Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met.
Unless certain non-U.S. entities that hold Fund shares comply with IRS requirements that generally require them to report information regarding U.S. persons investing in, or holding accounts with, such entities, a 30% withholding tax may apply to Fund distributions payable to such entities and may apply to redemptions and certain capital gain dividends payable to such entities after December 31, 2018. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any income or gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes that exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and any cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange, and (ii) the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any cash paid for such Creation Units. Any gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year and were held as capital assets in the hands of the exchanging Authorized Participant. All or a portion of any gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant exchanging a currency other than its functional currency for Creation Units may be treated as ordinary income or loss. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The ability of Authorized Participants to receive a full or partial cash redemption of Creation Units of a Fund may limit the tax efficiency of the Fund. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for a person who does not mark-to-market its holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. All or some portion of any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units in exchange for securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year.
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Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
Persons exchanging securities for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rule applies and when a loss might be deductible.
Section 351
The Trust on behalf of the Funds has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of a Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, a Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If a Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) may not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.
Certain Reporting Regulations
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, generally, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Significant penalties may be imposed for the failure to comply with the reporting regulations. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Cost Basis Reporting
The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.
Capital Loss Carry-Forward
When a Fund has a capital loss carry-forward, it does not make capital gain distributions until the loss has been offset or expired. As of October 31, 2023, the following Funds had capital loss carry-forwards available for federal income tax purposes. The capital losses are not subject to expiration.
Fund |
Short-Term |
Long-Term |
Total |
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
$138,085 |
$137,814 |
$275,899 |
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
689,147 |
352,855 |
1,042,002 |
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
771,445 |
532,709 |
1,304,154 |
General Considerations
The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the specific federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of shares of the Funds, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.
DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
Each Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis, except for Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF, which expects to pay dividends quarterly. Nonetheless, the Funds might not make a dividend payment every month. Each Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Funds may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some
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other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of a Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for each Funds’ most recent fiscal year appear in the Funds’ Annual Report dated October 31, 2023. The Funds’ Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and is available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787.
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Appendix A
Nuveen proxy voting policies
Nuveen proxy voting guidelines
Applicability
These Guidelines apply to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”)
I. Introduction
Our voting practices are guided by our fiduciary obligations to our clients.
These Guidelines set forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on proxy matters involving publicly traded portfolio companies held in client portfolios, and serve to assist clients, portfolio companies and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related issues.
We vote proxies in accordance with what we believe is in the best interest of our clients. In making those decisions, we are principally guided by enhancing long-term shareholder value, and may take into account many factors, including input from our investment teams and third-party research.
As indicated in these Guidelines, we monitor portfolio companies’ environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices in an effort to ensure that boards consider these factors in the context of their strategic deliberations consistent with the aim of preserving and enhancing long-term shareholder value. It is our belief that a one-size-fits-all approach to proxy voting is not appropriate and we may vote differently on the same proposal given the portfolio company’s individual circumstances. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
The Guidelines are implemented by Nuveen’s Stewardship Group and applied in consideration of the facts and circumstances of the particular resolution. The Stewardship Group relies on its professional judgment, informed by proprietary research and reports provided by various third-party research providers. The portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines if such portfolio manager determines it is in the best interest of the respective Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for votes submitted contrary to the Guidelines will be documented and maintained.
II. Accountability and transparency
Board of directors
Elect directors
General Policy: We generally vote in favor of the board’s nominees but will consider withholding or voting against some or all directors in the following circumstances:
When we conclude that the actions of directors are unlawful, unethical, negligent, or do not meet fiduciary standards of care and loyalty, or are otherwise not in the best interest of shareholders. Such actions would include:
Egregious compensation practices
Lack of responsiveness to a failed vote
Unequal treatment of shareholders
Adoption of inappropriate antitakeover devices
When a director has consistently failed to attend board and committee meetings without an appropriate rationale being provided
Independence
When board independence is not in line with local market regulations or best practices
When a member of executive management sits on a key board committee that should be composed of only independent directors
When directors have failed to disclose, resolve or eliminate conflicts of interest that affect their decisions
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Board refreshment
When there is insufficient diversity on the board and the company has not demonstrated its commitment to making the board more diverse
When we determine that director tenure is excessive and there has been no recent board refreshment
Contested elections
General Policy: We will support the candidates we believe will represent the best interests of shareholders.
Majority vote for the election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that companies amend their governance documents to provide for director election by majority vote.
Establish specific board committees
General Policy: We generally vote against shareholder resolutions asking the company to establish specific board committees unless we believe specific circumstances dictate otherwise.
Annual election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that each member of the board of a publicly traded operating company stand for re-election annually.
Cumulative voting
General Policy: We generally do not support proposals asking that shareholders be allowed to cumulate votes in director elections, as this practice may encourage the election of special interest directors.
Separation of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
General Policy: We will consider supporting shareholder resolutions asking that the roles of chairman and CEO be separated when we believe the company’s board structure and operation has insufficient features of independent board leadership, such as the lack of a lead independent director. In addition, we may also support resolutions on a case-by-case basis where we believe, in practice, that there is not a bona fide lead independent director acting with robust responsibilities or the company’s ESG practices or business performance suggest a material deficiency in independent influence into the company’s strategy and oversight.
Shareholder rights
Proxy access
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals asking that the company implement a form of proxy access. In making our voting decision, we will consider several factors, including, but not limited to: current performance of the company, minimum filing thresholds, holding periods, number of director nominees that can be elected, existing governance issues and board/management responsiveness to material shareholder concerns.
Ratification of auditor
General Policy: We will generally support the board’s choice of auditor and believe that the auditor should be elected annually. However, we will consider voting against the ratification of an audit firm where non-audit fees are excessive, where the firm has been involved in conflict of interest or fraudulent activities in connection with the company’s audit, where there has been a material restatement of financials or where the auditor’s independence is questionable.
Supermajority vote requirements
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of supermajority vote requirements.
Dual-class common stock and unequal voting rights
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of dual classes of common stock or other forms of equity with unequal voting rights or special privileges.
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Right to call a special meeting
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the right to call a special meeting. However, we believe a 25% ownership level is reasonable and generally would not be supportive of proposals to lower the threshold if it is already at that level.
Right to act by written consent
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions requesting the right to act by written consent.
Antitakeover devices (poison pills)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals relating to the adoption or rescission of antitakeover devices with attention to the following criteria:
Whether the company has demonstrated a need for antitakeover protection
Whether the provisions of the device are in line with generally accepted governance principles
Whether the company has submitted the device for shareholder approval
Whether the proposal arises in the context of a takeover bid or contest for control
We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking to rescind or put to a shareholder vote antitakeover devices that were adopted without shareholder approval.
Reincorporation
General Policy: We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis proposals for reincorporation taking into account the intention of the proposal and the established laws of the new domicile and jurisprudence of the target domicile. We will not support the proposal if we believe the intention is to take advantage of laws or judicial interpretations that provide antitakeover protection or otherwise reduce shareholder rights.
Corporate political influence
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s direct political contributions, including board oversight procedures.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s charitable contributions and other philanthropic activities.
We may consider not supporting shareholder resolutions that appear to promote a political agenda that is contrary to the long-term health of the corporation.
We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of a company’s lobbying expenditures.
Closed-end funds
We recognize that many exchange-listed closed-end funds (“CEFs”) have adopted particular corporate governance practices that deviate from certain policies set forth in the Guidelines. We believe that the distinctive structure of CEFs can provide important benefits to investors, but leaves CEFs uniquely vulnerable to opportunistic traders seeking short-term gains at the expense of long-term shareholders. Thus, to protect the interests of their long-term shareholders, many CEFs have adopted measures to defend against attacks from short-term-oriented activist investors. As such, in light of the unique nature of CEFs and their differences in corporate governance practices from operating companies, we will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals involving the adoption of defensive measures by CEFs. This is consistent with our approach to proxy voting that recognizes the importance of case-by-case analysis to ensure alignment with investment team views, and voting in accordance with the best interest of our shareholders.
Compensation issues
Advisory votes on executive compensation (say on pay)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis the advisory vote on executive compensation (say on pay). We expect well-designed plans that clearly demonstrate the alignment between pay and performance, and we encourage companies to be responsive to low levels of support by engaging with shareholders. We also prefer that companies offer an annual non-binding vote on executive compensation. In absence of an annual vote, companies should clearly articulate the rationale behind offering the vote less frequently.
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We generally note the following red flags when evaluating executive compensation plans:
Undisclosed or Inadequate Performance Metrics: We believe that performance goals for compensation plans should be disclosed meaningfully. Performance hurdles should not be too easily attainable. Disclosure of these metrics should enable shareholders to assess whether the plan will drive long-term value creation.
Excessive Equity Grants: We will examine a company’s past grants to determine the rate at which shares are being issued. We will also seek to ensure that equity is being offered to more than just the top executives at the company. A pattern of excessive grants can indicate failure by the board to properly monitor executive compensation and its costs.
Lack of Minimum Vesting Requirements: We believe that companies should establish minimum vesting guidelines for senior executives who receive stock grants. Vesting requirements help influence executives to focus on maximizing the company’s long-term performance rather than managing for short-term gain.
Misalignment of Interests: We support equity ownership requirements for senior executives and directors to align their interests with those of shareholders.
Special Award Grants: We will generally not support mega-grants. A company’s history of such excessive grant practices may prompt us to vote against the stock plans and the directors who approve them. Mega-grants include equity grants that are excessive in relation to other forms of compensation or to the compensation of other employees and grants that transfer disproportionate value to senior executives without relation to their performance. We also expect companies to provide a rationale for any other one-time awards such as a guaranteed bonus or a retention award.
Excess Discretion: We will generally not support plans where significant terms of awards—such as coverage, option price, or type of awards—are unspecified, or where the board has too much discretion to override minimum vesting or performance requirements.
Lack of Clawback Policy: We believe companies should establish clawback policies that permit recoupment from any senior executive who received compensation as a result of defective financial reporting, or whose behavior caused financial harm to shareholders or reputational risk to the company.
Equity-based compensation plans
General Policy: We will review equity-based compensation plans on a case-by-case basis, giving closer scrutiny to companies where plans include features that are not performance-based or where potential dilution or burn rate total is excessive. As a practical matter, we recognize that more dilutive broad-based plans may be appropriate for human-capital intensive industries and for small- or mid-capitalization firms and start-up companies.
We generally note the following red flags when evaluating equity incentive plans:
Evergreen Features: We will generally not support option plans that contain evergreen features, which reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year and lack a termination date.
Reload Options: We will generally not support reload options that are automatically replaced at market price following exercise of initial grants.
Repricing Options: We will generally not support plans that authorize repricing. However, we will consider on a case-by-case basis management proposals seeking shareholder approval to reprice options. We are likely to vote in favor of repricing in cases where the company excludes named executive officers and board members and ties the repricing to a significant reduction in the number of options.
Undisclosed or Inappropriate Option Pricing: We will generally not support plans that fail to specify exercise prices or that establish exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant.
Golden parachutes
General Policy: We will vote on a case-by-case basis on golden parachute proposals, taking into account the structure of the agreement and the circumstances of the situation. However, we would prefer to see a double trigger on all change-of-control agreements and no excise tax gross-up.
Shareholder resolutions on executive compensation
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions related to specific compensation practices. Generally, we believe specific practices are the purview of the board.
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III. Guidelines for ESG shareholder resolutions
We generally support shareholder resolutions seeking reasonable disclosure of the environmental or social impact of a company’s policies, operations or products. We believe that a company’s management and directors should determine the strategic impact of environmental and social issues and disclose how they are dealing with these issues to mitigate risk and advance long-term shareholder value.
Environmental issues
Global climate change
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, the impact of climate change on a company’s business activities and products and strategies designed to reduce the company’s long-term impact on the global climate.
Use of natural resources
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s use of natural resources, the impact on its business of declining resources and its plans to improve the efficiency of its use of natural resources.
Impact on ecosystems
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s initiatives to reduce any harmful impacts or other hazards to local, regional or global ecosystems that result from its operations or activities.
Animal welfare
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking for reports on the company’s impact on animal welfare.
Issues related to customers
Product responsibility
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure relating to the quality, safety and impact of a company’s goods and services on the customers and communities it serves.
Predatory lending
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking companies for disclosure about the impact of lending activities on borrowers and about policies designed to prevent predatory lending practices.
Issues related to employees and suppliers
Diversity and nondiscrimination
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s nondiscrimination policies and practices, or seeking to implement such policies, including equal employment opportunity standards.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s workforce, board diversity, and gender pay equity policies and practices.
Global labor standards
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s labor standards and enforcement practices, as well as the establishment of global labor policies based upon internationally recognized standards.
Issues related to communities
Corporate response to global health risks
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to significant public health impacts resulting from company operations and products, as well as the impact of global health pandemics on the company’s operations and long-term growth.
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Global human rights codes of conduct
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s human rights standards and the establishment of global human rights policies, especially regarding company operations in conflict zones or areas of weak governance.
Disclosures
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, Teachers Advisors, LLC, and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC are SEC registered investment advisers and subsidiaries of Nuveen, LLC
Nuveen proxy voting policy
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC, (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), (each an “Adviser” and, collectively, referred to as the “Advisers”)
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting is the primary means by which shareholders may influence a publicly traded company’s governance and operations and thus create the potential for value and positive long-term investment performance. When an SEC registered investment adviser has proxy voting authority, the adviser has a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients and must not subrogate its clients’ interests to its own. In their capacity as fiduciaries and investment advisers, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively, the “Advisers”) vote proxies for the Portfolio Companies held by their respective clients, including investment companies and other pooled investment vehicles, institutional and retail separate accounts, and other clients as applicable. The Advisers have adopted this Policy, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, and the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy for voting the proxies of the Portfolio Companies they manage. The Advisers leverage the expertise and services of an internal group referred to as Nuveen’s Stewardship Group to administer the Advisers’ proxy voting. The Stewardship Group adheres to the Advisers’ Proxy Voting Guidelines which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote client securities in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Policy statement
Proxy voting is a key component of a Portfolio Company’s corporate governance program and is the primary method for exercising shareholder rights and influencing the Portfolio Company’s behavior. Nuveen makes informed voting decisions in compliance with Rule 206(4)-6 (the “Rule”) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), and applicable laws and regulations (e.g., the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, “ERISA”).
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on specific voting categories, and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution. While the Guidelines are developed, maintained, and implemented by the Stewardship Group, and reviewed by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee, the portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted.
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Portfolio Company includes any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser.
Policy requirements
Investment advisers, in accordance with the Rule, are required to (i) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, and address resolution of material conflicts that may arise, (ii) describe their proxy voting procedures to their clients and provide copies on request, and (iii) disclose to clients how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
The Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, the Stewardship Group and Nuveen Compliance are subject to the respective requirements outlined below under “Roles and Responsibilities.”
Although it is the general policy to vote all applicable proxies received in a timely fashion with respect to securities selected by an Adviser for current clients, the Adviser may refrain from voting in certain circumstances where such voting would be disadvantageous, materially burdensome or impractical, or otherwise inconsistent with the overall best interest of clients.
Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
The purpose of the Committee is to establish a governance framework to oversee the proxy voting activities of the Advisers in accordance with the Policy. The Committee’s voting members will be comprised from Research, the Advisers, and Nuveen’s Stewardship Group. Non-voting members will be comprised from Nuveen Legal, Nuveen Compliance, Nuveen Advisory Product, and Nuveen Investment Risk. The Committee may invite others on a standing, routine and/or ad hoc basis to attend Committee meetings. The CCOs of CREF/TC Funds and the Nuveen Funds shall be standing, non-voting invitees. The Committee has delegated responsibility for the implementation and ongoing administration of the Policy to the Stewardship Group, subject to the Committee’s ultimate oversight and responsibility as outlined in the Committee’s Proxy Voting Charter.
Advisers
1. Advisory Personnel maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted, unless otherwise instructed by a client, and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines and/or a vote recommendation of the Stewardship Group if such Advisory Personnel determines it is in the best interest of the Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for all such contrary vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
2. When voting proxies for different groups of client accounts, Advisory Personnel may vote proxies held by the respective client accounts differently depending on the facts and circumstances specific to such client accounts. The rationale for all such vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
3. Advisory Personnel must comply with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Performs day-to-day administration of the Advisers’ proxy voting processes.
2. Seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines, which have been constructed in a manner intended to align with the best interests of clients. In applying the Guidelines, the Stewardship Group, on behalf of the Advisers, takes into account several factors, including, but not limited to:
Input from Advisory Personnel
Third-party research
Specific Portfolio Company context, including environmental, social and governance practices, and financial performance.
3. Assists in the development of securities lending recall protocols in cooperation with the Securities Lending Committee.
4. Performs Form N-PX filings in accordance with regulatory requirements.
5. Delivers copies of the Advisers’ Policy to clients and prospective clients upon request in a timely manner, as appropriate.
6. Assists with the disclosure of proxy votes as applicable on corporate websites and elsewhere as required by applicable regulations.
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7. Prepares reports of proxies voted on behalf of the Advisers’ investment company clients to their Boards or committees thereof, as applicable.
8. Performs an annual vote reconciliation for review by the Committee.
9. Arranges the annual service provider due diligence, including a review of the service provider’s potential conflicts of interests, and presents the results to the Committee.
10. Facilitates quarterly Committee meetings, including agenda and meeting minute preparation.
11. Complies with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
12. Creates and retains certain records in accordance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
13. Oversees the proxy voting service provider with respect to its responsibilities, including making and retaining certain records as required under applicable regulation.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure of the Advisers’ Policy to clients as required by regulation or otherwise.
2. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure to clients of how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
3. Assists the Stewardship Group with arranging the annual service provider due diligence and presenting the results to the Committee.
4. Monitors for compliance with this Policy and retains records relating to its monitoring activities pursuant to Nuveen’s Records Management program.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provides legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if substantive changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
Nuveen proxy voting conflicts of interest policy and procedures
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen (“Nuveen”) acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”).
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting by investment advisers is subject to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations, and for accounts subject to ERISA, U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) requirements. These rules and regulations require policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure proxies are voted in the best interest of clients and that such procedures set forth how the adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s interests and those of its clients. The purpose of this Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures (“Policy”) is to describe how the Advisers monitor and address the risks
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associated with Material Conflicts of Interest arising out of business and personal relationships that could affect proxy voting decisions.
Nuveen’s Stewardship Group is responsible for providing vote recommendations, based on the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), to the Advisers and for administering the voting of proxies on behalf of the Advisers. When determining how to vote proxies, the Stewardship Group adheres to the Guidelines, which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote proxies in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Advisers may face certain potential Material Conflicts of Interest when voting proxies. The procedures set forth below have been reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and address potential Material Conflicts of Interest to ensure that the Advisers’ voting decisions are based on the best interest of their clients and are not the product of a conflict.
Policy statement
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Conflicts Watch List (“Watch List”) refers to a list maintained by the Stewardship Group based on the following:
1. The positions and relationships of the following categories of individuals are evaluated to assist in identifying a potential Material Conflict with a Portfolio Company:
i. The TIAA CEO,
ii. The Nuveen Executive Leadership Team and the Nuveen Senior Leadership Team,
iii. Stewardship Group members who provide proxy voting recommendations on behalf of the Advisers,
iv. Advisory Personnel, and
v. Household Members of the parties listed above in Nos. 1(i)–1(iv).
The following criteria constitute a potential Material Conflict:
· Any individual identified above in 1(i)–1(v) who serves on a Portfolio Company’s board of directors; and/or
· Any individual identified above in 1(v) who serves as a senior executive* of a Portfolio Company.
2. In addition, the following circumstances have been determined to constitute a potential Material Conflict:
i. Voting proxies for Funds sponsored by any Adviser and/or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity (i.e., registered investment funds and other funds that require proxy voting) held in client accounts,
ii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are direct advisory clients of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that have a material distribution relationship* with regard to the products or strategies of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iv. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are institutional investment consultants with which the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities have engaged for any material business opportunity† and
v. Any other circumstance where the Stewardship Group, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, Nuveen Legal or Nuveen Compliance are aware of in which the Adviser’s duty to serve its clients’ interests could be materially compromised.
In addition, certain conflicts may arise when a Proxy Service Provider or its affiliate(s) have determined and/or disclosed that a relationship exists with i) a Portfolio Company ii) an entity acting as a primary shareholder proponent with respect to a Portfolio Company or iii) another party. Such relationships include, but are not limited to, the products and services provided to, and the revenue obtained from, such Portfolio Company or its affiliates. The Proxy Service Provider is required to disclose such relationships to the Advisers, and the
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Stewardship Group reviews and evaluates the Proxy Service Provider’s disclosed conflicts of interest and associated controls annually and reports its assessment to the Committee.
Household Member includes any of the following who reside or are expected to reside in your household for at least 90 days a year: i) spouse or Domestic Partner, ii) sibling, iii) child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, grandparent, stepparent, and in-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister).
Domestic Partner is defined as an individual who is neither a relative of, or legally married to, a Nuveen employee but shares a residence and is in a mutual commitment similar to marriage with such Nuveen employee.
Material Conflicts of Interest (“Material Conflict”) A conflict of interest that reasonably could have the potential to influence a recommendation based on the criteria described in this Policy.
Nuveen Affiliated Entities refers to TIAA and entities that are under common control with the Advisers and that provide investment advisory services. TIAA and the Advisers will undertake reasonable efforts to identify and manage any potential TIAA-related conflicts of interest.
Portfolio Company refers to any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity.
Proxy Service Provider(s) refers to any independent third-party vendor(s) who provides proxy voting administrative, research and/or recordkeeping services to Nuveen.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers generally intend to vote on specific voting categories and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers generally intend to vote proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Escalation Form (“Escalation Form”) Used in limited circumstances as described below to formally document certain requests to deviate from the Guidelines, the rationale supporting the request, and the ultimate resolution.
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* Senior executives are defined as “C-suite” positions such as CEO, CFO, COO, CAO, CMO, CIO, CTO, etc.
† Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
Policy requirements
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are prohibited from being influenced in their proxy voting decisions by any individual outside the established proxy voting process. The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are required to report to Nuveen Compliance any individuals or parties seeking to influence proxy votes outside the established proxy voting process.
The Stewardship Group generally seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines. In the event that a potential Material Conflict has been identified, the Committee, the Stewardship Group, Advisory Personnel and Nuveen Compliance are required to comply with the following:
Proxies are generally voted in accordance with the Guidelines. In instances where a proxy is issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, and the Stewardship Group’s vote direction is in support of company management and either contrary to the Guidelines or the Guidelines require a case-by-case review, then the Stewardship Group vote recommendation is evaluated using established criteria‡ to determine whether a potential conflict exists. In instances where it is determined a potential conflict exists, the vote direction shall default to the recommendation of an independent third-party Proxy Service Provider based on such provider’s benchmark policy. To the extent the Stewardship Group believes there is a justification to vote contrary to the Proxy Service Provider’s benchmark recommendation in such an instance, then such requests are evaluated and mitigated pursuant to an Escalation Form review process as described in the Roles and Responsibilities section below. In all cases votes are intended to be in line with the Guidelines and in the best interests of clients.
The Advisers are required to adhere to the baseline standards and guiding principles governing client and personnel conflicts as outlined in the TIAA Conflicts of Interest Policy to assist in identifying, escalating and addressing proxy voting conflicts in a timely manner.
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‡ Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
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Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
1. Annually, review and approve the criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Review and approve the Policy annually, or more frequently as required.
3. Review Escalation Forms as described above to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
4. Review Stewardship Group Material Conflicts reporting.
5. Review and consider any other matters involving the Advisers’ proxy voting activities that are brought to the Committee.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Promptly disclose Stewardship Group members’ Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Stewardship Group members must recuse themselves from all decisions related to proxy voting for the Portfolio Company seeking the proxy for which they personally have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. Compile, administer and update the Watch List promptly based on the Watch List criteria described herein as necessary.
4. Evaluate vote recommendations for Portfolio Companies on the Watch List, based on established criteria to determine whether a vote shall default to the third-party Proxy Service Provider, or whether an Escalation Form is required.
5. In instances where an Escalation Form is required as described above, the Stewardship Group member responsible for the recommendation completes and submits the form to a Stewardship Group manager and the Committee. The Stewardship Group will specify a response due date from the Committee typically no earlier than two business days from when the request was delivered. While the Stewardship Group will make reasonable efforts to provide a two-business-day notification period, in certain instances the required response date may be shortened. The Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether a Material Conflict exists and whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the existing conflict. The Committee will then provide its response in writing to the Stewardship Group member who submitted the Escalation Form.
6. Provide Nuveen Compliance with established reporting.
7. Prepare Material Conflicts reporting to the Committee and other parties, as applicable.
8. Retain Escalation Forms and responses thereto and all other relevant documentation in conformance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
Advisory Personnel
1. Promptly disclose Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Provide input and/or vote recommendations to the Stewardship Group upon request. Advisory Personnel are prohibited from providing the Stewardship Group with input and/or recommendations for any Portfolio Company for which they have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. From time to time as part of the Adviser’s normal course of business, Advisory Personnel may initiate an action to override the Guidelines for a particular proposal. For a proxy vote issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, if Advisory Personnel request a vote against the Guidelines and in favor of Portfolio Company management, then the request will be evaluated by the Stewardship Group in accordance with their established criteria and processes described above. To the extent an Escalation Form is required, the Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Determine criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Determine parties responsible for collection of, and providing identified Material Conflicts to, the Stewardship Group for inclusion on the Watch List.
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3. Perform periodic reviews of votes where Material Conflicts have been identified to determine whether the votes were cast in accordance with this Policy.
4. Develop and maintain, in consultation with the Stewardship Group, standard operating procedures to support the Policy.
5. Perform periodic monitoring to determine adherence to the Policy.
6. Administer training to the Advisers and the Stewardship Group, as applicable, to ensure applicable personnel understand Material Conflicts and disclosure responsibilities.
7. Assist the Committee with the annual review of this Policy.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provide legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
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NGN-ELCSC-0224P |
February 29, 2024 |
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Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF |
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Ticker Symbol: NUGO |
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Listing Exchange: NYSE Arca, Inc. |
STATEMENT OF ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
This Statement of Additional Information (the “SAI”) is not a prospectus. This SAI relates to, and should be read in conjunction with, the prospectus dated February 29, 2024, for the Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF (the “Fund”), a series of Nushares ETF Trust (the “Trust”), as such prospectus may be revised from time to time (the “Prospectus”). Capitalized terms used herein that are not defined have the same meaning as in the Prospectus, unless otherwise noted. A Prospectus may be obtained without charge from the Fund by visiting the Fund’s website at www.nuveen.com/etf, or by calling (888) 290-9881.
The Fund’s audited financial statements for the most recent fiscal year are incorporated in this SAI by reference to the Fund’s most recent Annual Report to Shareholders. You may obtain a copy of the Fund’s Annual Report at no charge by request to the Fund by visiting the website or calling the phone number noted above.
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GENERAL INFORMATION
The Fund is a non-diversified series of the Trust, an open-end management investment company organized as a Massachusetts business trust on February 20, 2015. Each series of the Trust represents shares of beneficial interest in a separate portfolio of securities and other assets, with its own objective and policies. The Fund is an exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) within the Nuveen family of ETFs (the “Nuveen ETFs”). The Fund’s investment adviser is Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (“Nuveen Fund Advisors” or the “Adviser”). The Fund’s sub-adviser is Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM” or the “Sub-Adviser”). The Adviser has agreed to pay all organizational and offering expenses of the Trust.
The Fund issues and redeems shares at its net asset value per share (“NAV”) only in large block aggregations of a specified number of shares (“Creation Units”). Only certain institutional investors who have entered into agreements with the Fund’s distributor (“Authorized Participants”) may purchase and redeem shares directly from the Fund at NAV. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, shares of the Fund are not redeemable securities. See “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units” later in this SAI for more information.
The Fund's shares are listed for trading on the NYSE Arca, Inc., a national securities exchange (the “Listing Exchange”) and may be listed or traded on U.S. and non-U.S. stock exchanges other than the Listing Exchange. The shares trade on the Listing Exchange at market prices that may differ from the shares’ NAVs.
The Fund intends to qualify each year for treatment as a regulated investment company (a “RIC”) under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), so that it will not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are timely distributed to Fund shareholders. The Fund invests its assets, and otherwise conducts its operations, in a manner that is intended to satisfy the qualifying income, diversification and distribution requirements necessary to establish and maintain eligibility for such treatment.
GENERAL RISKS
An investment in the Fund should be made with an understanding that the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may fluctuate in accordance with changes in the financial condition of an issuer or counterparty, changes in specific economic or political conditions that affect a particular security or issuer and changes in general economic or political conditions. The Fund may not outperform other investment strategies over short- or long-term market cycles and the Fund may decline in value. The Fund’s shares may trade above or below its NAV. An investor in the Fund could lose money over short or long periods of time. The price of the securities and other investments held by the Fund and thus the value of the Fund’s portfolios are expected to fluctuate in accordance with general economic conditions, interest rates, political events, and other factors.
Investor perceptions may also impact the value of the Fund’s investments and the value of an investment in the Fund’s shares. These investor perceptions are based on various and unpredictable factors, including expectations regarding government, economic, monetary and fiscal policies, inflation and interest rates, economic expansion or contraction, and global or regional political, economic, public health or banking crises. Issuer-specific conditions may also affect the value of the Fund’s investments. The financial condition of an issuer of a security or counterparty to a contract may cause it to default or become unable to pay interest or principal due on the security or contract. The Fund cannot collect interest and principal payments if the issuer or counterparty defaults. Accordingly, the value of an investment in the Fund may change in response to issuer or counterparty defaults and changes in the credit ratings of the Fund’s portfolio securities.
Although the Fund attempts to invest in liquid securities and instruments, there can be no guarantee that a liquid market for such securities and instruments will be made or maintained or that any such market will be or remain liquid. The price at which securities may be sold and the value of the Fund’s shares will be adversely affected if trading markets for the Fund’s portfolio securities are limited or absent, or if bid/ask spreads are wide.
CONTINUOUS OFFERING
The method by which Creation Units are created and Fund shares are subsequently traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, at any point a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of
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1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), may occur. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the 1933 Act.
For example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if, after placing an order for Creation Units with Nuveen Securities, LLC (“Nuveen Securities” or the “Distributor”), the broker-dealer or its client breaks them down into constituent shares and sells such shares directly to customers, or if the broker-dealer or its client chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the 1933 Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the 1933 Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”). Firms that incur a prospectus-delivery obligation with respect to shares of the Fund are reminded that pursuant to Rule 153 under the 1933 Act, a prospectus-delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the 1933 Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Listing Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the Fund’s Prospectus is available at the Listing Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
INVESTMENT RESTRICTIONS
In addition to the investment objectives and policies set forth in the Prospectus and under “Investment Policies and Techniques” below, the Fund is subject to the investment restrictions set forth below. The investment restrictions set forth in numbers (1) through (6) below are fundamental and cannot be changed with respect to the Fund without approval by the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Fund as defined in the 1940 Act, i.e., by the lesser of the vote of (a) 67% of the shares of the Fund present at a meeting where more than 50% of the outstanding shares are present in person or by proxy, or (b) more than 50% of the outstanding shares of the Fund.
The Fund may not:
(1) Borrow money or issue senior securities, except as permitted by the 1940 Act, as interpreted or modified from time to time by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction.
(2) Act as an underwriter of another issuer’s securities, except to the extent that the Fund may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with the purchase and sale of portfolio securities.
(3) Make loans except as permitted by the 1940 Act and exemptive orders granted under the 1940 Act.
(4) Purchase or sell physical commodities, unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments; but this restriction shall not prohibit the Fund from investing in options on commodity indices, commodity futures contracts and options thereon, commodity-related swap agreements, other commodity-related derivative instruments, and investment companies that provide exposure to commodities.
(5) Purchase or sell real estate unless acquired as a result of ownership of securities or other instruments (but this shall not prohibit the Fund from purchasing or selling securities or other instruments backed by real estate or of issuers engaged in real estate activities).
(6) Purchase the securities of any issuer if, as a result, 25% or more of the Fund’s total assets would be invested in the securities of issuers whose principal business activities are in the same industry; except that this restriction shall not be applicable to securities issued or guaranteed by the U.S. government or any agency or instrumentality thereof.
Except with respect to the limitation set forth in number (1) above, the foregoing restrictions and limitations will apply only at the time of purchase of securities, and the percentage limitations will not be
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considered violated unless an excess or deficiency occurs or exists immediately after and as a result of an acquisition of securities, unless otherwise indicated.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (1) above, under the 1940 Act as currently in effect, the Fund is not permitted to issue senior securities, except that the Fund may borrow from any bank if immediately after such borrowing the value of the Fund’s total assets is at least 300% of the principal amount of all of the Fund’s borrowings (i.e., the principal amount of the borrowings may not exceed 33⅓% of the Fund’s total assets). In the event that such asset coverage shall at any time fall below 300%, the Fund shall, within three calendar days thereafter (not including Sundays and holidays), reduce the amount of its borrowings to an extent that the asset coverage of such borrowing shall be at least 300%. No exemptive orders have been issued with respect to the limitation set forth in number (1). The Fund will not borrow for investment purposes or hold short positions.
For purposes of applying the limitation set forth in number (3) above, there are no limitations with respect to unsecured loans made by the Fund to an unaffiliated party. However, if the Fund loans its portfolio securities, the obligation on the part of the Fund to return collateral upon termination of the loan could be deemed to involve the issuance of a senior security within the meaning of Section 18(f) of the 1940 Act. In order to avoid violation of Section 18(f), the Fund may not make a loan of portfolio securities if, as a result, more than one-third of its total asset value (at market value computed at the time of making a loan) would be on loan.
For purposes of applying the limitations set forth in number (6) above, issuers of the following securities will not be considered to be members of any industry: securities of the U.S. government and its agencies or instrumentalities; except as set forth in the following sentence, tax-exempt securities of state, territory, possession or municipal governments and their authorities, agencies, instrumentalities or political subdivisions; and repurchase agreements collateralized by any such obligations. To the extent that the income from a municipal bond is derived principally from the assets and revenues of non-governmental users, the securities will be deemed to be from the industry of that non-governmental user. To the extent the Fund invests in other investment companies, it will consider the investments of the underlying investment companies when determining compliance with the limitations set forth in number (6) above, to the extent the Fund has sufficient information about such investments. For purposes of this limitation, all sovereign debt of a single country will be considered investments in a single industry.
Where a security is guaranteed by a governmental entity or some other facility, such as a bank guarantee or letter of credit, such a guarantee or letter of credit would be considered a separate security and would be treated as an issue of such government, other entity or bank.
The foregoing fundamental investment policies, together with the investment objective of the Fund, cannot be changed without approval by holders of a “majority of the Fund’s outstanding voting shares.” As defined in the 1940 Act, this means the vote of (i) 67% or more of the Fund’s shares present at a meeting, if the holders of more than 50% of the Fund’s shares are present or represented by proxy, or (ii) more than 50% of the Fund’s shares, whichever is less.
In addition to the foregoing fundamental investment policies, the Fund is also subject to the following non-fundamental restrictions and policies, which may be changed by the Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) without a shareholder vote.
The Fund may not:
(1) Acquire any securities of registered open-end investment companies or registered unit investment trusts in reliance on subparagraph (F) or subparagraph (G) of Section 12(d)(1) of the 1940 Act.
(2) Invest directly in futures, options on futures and swaps to the extent that the Adviser would be required to register with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as a commodity pool operator. See “Investment Policies and Techniques—Derivatives—Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps.”
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND TECHNIQUES
The following information supplements the discussion of the Fund’s investment objective, principal investment strategies, policies and techniques that appears in the Prospectus for the Fund. Additional information concerning principal investment strategies of the Fund, and other investment strategies that may be used by the Fund, is set forth below in alphabetical order.
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If a percentage limitation on investments by the Fund stated in this SAI or the Prospectus is adhered to at the time of an investment, a later increase or decrease in percentage resulting from changes in asset value will not be deemed to violate the limitation except in the case of the limitations on borrowing. In connection with the Fund’s investment restrictions, any reference in this SAI or the Prospectus to a specific rating encompasses all gradations of that rating (e.g., if this SAI or the Prospectus states that the Fund may invest in securities rated as low as B, the fund may invest in securities rated B-).
References in this section to the Adviser also apply, to the extent applicable, to the Sub-Adviser of the Fund.
Borrowing Money
The Fund may borrow money from a bank as permitted by the 1940 Act, or other governing statute, by the rules thereunder, or by the SEC or other regulatory agency with authority over the Fund, but only for temporary or emergency purposes. The Fund may also invest in reverse repurchase agreements, which are considered borrowings under the 1940 Act. Although the 1940 Act presently allows the Fund to borrow from any bank (including pledging, mortgaging or hypothecating assets) in an amount up to 33 1/3% of its total assets (not including temporary borrowings not in excess of 5% of its total assets), and there is no limit on the percentage of Fund assets that can be used in connection with reverse repurchase agreements, under normal circumstances any borrowings by the Fund will not exceed 10% of the Fund’s total assets. While a reverse repurchase agreement is outstanding, the Fund will, for all of its reverse repurchase agreements, either (i) consistent with Section 18 of the 1940 Act, maintain asset coverage of at least 300% of the value of the repurchase agreement, or (ii) treat the reverse repurchase agreement as a derivatives transaction for purposes of Rule 18f-4, including, as applicable, the value-at-risk-based limit on leverage risk.
Cash Equivalents and Short-Term Investments
The Fund may hold assets in cash or cash equivalents, money market funds and short-term taxable fixed income securities in such proportions as warranted by prevailing market conditions and the Fund’s principal investment strategies. The Fund may only invest in short-term taxable fixed income securities with a maturity of one year or less and whose issuers have a long-term rating of at least A- or higher by Standard & Poor’s Ratings Services, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“Standard & Poor’s”), A3 or higher by Moody’s Investors Service, Inc. (“Moody’s”) or A- or higher by Fitch, Inc. (“Fitch”). Short-term taxable fixed income securities are defined to include, without limitation, the following:
(1) U.S. Government Securities. The Fund may invest in U.S. government securities, including bills, notes and bonds differing as to maturity and rates of interest, which are either issued or guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury or by U.S. government agencies or instrumentalities. U.S. government agency securities include securities issued by (a) the Federal Housing Administration, Farmers Home Administration, Export-Import Bank of the United States, Small Business Administration, and the Government National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the full faith and credit of the United States; (b) the Federal Home Loan Banks, Federal Intermediate Credit Banks, and the Tennessee Valley Authority, whose securities are supported by the right of the agency to borrow from the U.S. Treasury; (c) the Federal National Mortgage Association, whose securities are supported by the discretionary authority of the U.S. government to purchase certain obligations of the agency or instrumentality; and (d) the Student Loan Marketing Association, whose securities are supported only by its credit. While the U.S. government provides financial support to such U.S. government-sponsored agencies or instrumentalities, no assurance can be given that it always will do so since it is not so obligated by law. The U.S. government, its agencies and instrumentalities do not guarantee the market value of their securities, and consequently, the value of such securities may fluctuate. In addition, the Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations of non-U.S. countries. U.S. Treasury obligations include separately traded interest and principal component parts of such obligations, known as Separately Traded Registered Interest and Principal Securities (“STRIPS”), which are transferable through the Federal book-entry system. STRIPS are sold as zero coupon securities, which means that they are sold at a substantial discount and redeemed at face value at their maturity date without interim cash payments of interest or principal. This discount is accreted over the life of the security, and such accretion will constitute the income earned on the security for both accounting and tax purposes. Because of these features, such securities may be subject to greater interest rate volatility than interest paying U.S. Treasury obligations.
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(2) Certificates of Deposit. The Fund may invest in certificates of deposit issued against funds deposited in a bank or savings and loan association. Such certificates are for a definite period of time, earn a specified rate of return, and are normally negotiable. If such certificates of deposit are non-negotiable, they will be considered illiquid investments and be subject to the Fund’s 15% restriction on investments in illiquid investments. Pursuant to the certificate of deposit, the issuer agrees to pay the amount deposited plus interest to the bearer of the certificate on the date specified thereon. Under current FDIC regulations, the maximum insurance payable as to any one certificate of deposit is $250,000; therefore, certificates of deposit purchased by the Fund may not be fully insured.
(3) Bankers’ Acceptances. The Fund may invest in bankers’ acceptances, which are short-term credit instruments used to finance commercial transactions. Generally, an acceptance is a time draft drawn on a bank by an exporter or an importer to obtain a stated amount of funds to pay for specific merchandise. The draft is then “accepted” by a bank that, in effect, unconditionally guarantees to pay the face value of the instrument on its maturity date. The acceptance may then be held by the accepting bank as an asset or it may be sold in the secondary market at the going rate of interest for a specific maturity.
(4) Repurchase Agreements. The Fund may invest in repurchase agreements which involve purchases of debt securities. In such an action, at the time the Fund purchases the security, it simultaneously agrees to resell and redeliver the security to the seller, who also simultaneously agrees to buy back the security at a fixed price and time. This assures a predetermined yield for the Fund during its holding period since the resale price is always greater than the purchase price and reflects an agreed-upon market rate. Such actions afford an opportunity for the Fund to invest temporarily available cash. The Fund may enter into repurchase agreements only with respect to certain obligations. Collateral may consist of any fixed income security which is an eligible investment for the Fund. The Fund’s custodian will hold the securities underlying any repurchase agreement, or the securities will be part of the Federal Reserve/Treasury Book Entry System. The market value of the collateral underlying the repurchase agreement will be determined on each business day. If at any time the market value of the collateral falls below the repurchase price under the repurchase agreement (including any accrued interest), the Fund will promptly receive additional collateral (so the total collateral is an amount at least equal to the repurchase price plus accrued interest). Repurchase agreements may be considered loans to the seller, collateralized by the underlying securities. The risk to the Fund is limited to the ability of the seller to pay the agreed-upon sum on the repurchase date; in the event of default, the repurchase agreement provides that the Fund is entitled to sell the underlying collateral. If the value of the collateral declines after the agreement is entered into, however, and if the seller defaults under a repurchase agreement when the value of the underlying collateral is less than the repurchase price, the Fund could incur a loss of both principal and interest. The portfolio managers monitor the value of the collateral at the time the action is entered into and at all times during the term of the repurchase agreement. The portfolio managers do so in an effort to determine that the value of the collateral always equals or exceeds the agreed-upon repurchase price to be paid to the Fund. If the seller were to be subject to a federal bankruptcy proceeding, the ability of the Fund to liquidate the collateral could be delayed or impaired because of certain provisions of the bankruptcy laws.
(5) Bank Time Deposits. The Fund may invest in bank time deposits, which are monies kept on deposit with banks or savings and loan associations for a stated period of time at a fixed rate of interest. There may be penalties for the early withdrawal of such time deposits, in which case the yields of these investments will be reduced.
(6) Commercial Paper. The Fund may invest in commercial paper, which are short-term unsecured promissory notes, including variable rate master demand notes issued by corporations to finance their current operations. Master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and a corporation. There is no secondary market for the notes. However, they are redeemable by the Fund at any time. The portfolio managers will consider the financial condition of the corporation (e.g., earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios) and will continuously monitor the corporation’s ability to meet all of its financial obligations, because the Fund’s liquidity might be impaired if the corporation were unable to pay principal and interest on demand. The Fund may purchase commercial paper consisting of issues rated at the time of purchase within the two highest rating categories by Standard & Poor’s, Fitch or Moody’s, or
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which have been assigned an equivalent rating by another nationally recognized statistical rating organization.
(7) Eurodollar and Yankee Instruments. The Fund may invest in Eurodollar certificates of deposit issued by foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; Eurodollar time deposits, which are U.S. dollar-denominated deposits in foreign branches of U.S. or foreign banks; and Yankee certificates of deposit, which are U.S. dollar-denominated certificates of deposit issued by U.S. branches of foreign banks and held in the United States. In each instance, the Fund may only invest in bank instruments issued by an institution which has capital, surplus and undivided profits of more than $100 million or the deposits of which are insured by the Bank Insurance Fund or the Savings Association Insurance Fund.
(8) Money Market Funds and Short-Term Debt Funds. The Fund may invest in money market funds. The Fund will bear its proportionate share of the money market fund’s fees and expenses (see “Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles” below). The Fund may hold securities of other mutual funds that invest primarily in debt obligations with remaining maturities of 13 months or less.
(9) Variable Amount Master Demand Notes. The Fund may invest in variable amount master demand notes, which are unsecured demand notes that permit the indebtedness thereunder to vary and provide for periodic adjustments in the interest rate according to the terms of the instrument. Because master demand notes are direct lending arrangements between the Fund and the issuer, they are not normally traded. Although there is no secondary market in the notes, the Fund may demand payment of principal and accrued interest at any time. While the notes are not typically rated by credit rating agencies, issuers of variable amount master demand notes (which are normally manufacturing, retail, financial, and other business concerns) must satisfy the same criteria as set forth above for commercial paper. The Sub-Adviser will consider the earning power, cash flow and other liquidity ratios of the issuers of such notes and will continuously monitor their financial status and ability to meet payment on demand.
Derivatives
Subject to the limitations set forth below under “Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps,” the Fund may use derivative instruments as described below. Generally, a derivative is a financial contract the value of which depends upon, or is derived from, the value of an underlying asset, reference rate or index. Derivatives generally take the form of contracts under which the parties agree to payments between them based upon the performance of a wide variety of underlying references, such as stocks, bonds, loans, commodities, interest rates, currency exchange rates, and various domestic and foreign indices.
The Fund may use derivatives for a variety of reasons, including as a substitute for investing directly in securities, as part of a hedging strategy (that is, for the purpose of reducing risk to the Fund), or for other purposes related to the management of the Fund. Derivatives permit the Fund to increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, to which its portfolio is exposed in much the same way as the Fund can increase or decrease the level of risk, or change the character of the risk, of its portfolio by making investments in specific securities. However, derivatives may entail investment exposures that are greater than their cost would suggest. As a result, a small investment in derivatives could have a large impact on the Fund’s performance.
While transactions in some derivatives may be effected on established exchanges, many other derivatives are privately negotiated and entered into in the over-the-counter (“OTC”) market with a single counterparty. When exchange-traded derivatives are purchased and sold, a clearing agency associated with the exchange stands between each buyer and seller and effectively guarantees performance of each contract, either on a limited basis through a guaranty fund or to the full extent of the clearing agency’s balance sheet. Transactions in OTC derivatives not subject to a clearing requirement have no such protection. Each party to an uncleared OTC derivative bears the risk that its direct counterparty will default. In addition, OTC derivatives are generally less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives because they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction.
The use of derivative instruments is subject to applicable regulations of the SEC, the CFTC, various state regulatory authorities and, with respect to exchange-traded derivatives, the several exchanges upon which they are traded. Under Rule 18f-4 under the 1940 Act, a registered investment company’s derivatives exposure, which includes short positions and certain when-issued and delayed delivery transactions for this purpose, is limited through a value-at-risk test and Rule 18f-4 requires the
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adoption and implementation of a derivatives risk management program for certain derivatives users. However, subject to certain conditions, limited derivatives users (as defined in Rule 18f-4) are not subject to the full requirements of Rule 18f-4. In connection with adopting Rule 18f-4, the SEC eliminated that asset segregation framework arising from prior SEC guidance for covering derivatives and certain financial instruments. In addition, under Rule 18f-4, the Fund is permitted to invest in when-issued securities, and the transaction will be deemed not to involve a senior security, provided that (i) the Fund intends to physically settle the transaction and (ii) the transaction will settle within 35 days of its trade date (the “Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision”). The Fund may otherwise engage in such transactions that do not meet the conditions of the Delayed-Settlement Securities Provision so long as the Fund treats any such transaction as a “derivatives transaction” for purposes of compliance with the rule. Rule 18f-4 could limit the Fund’s ability to engage in certain derivatives transactions and/or increase the costs of such derivatives transactions, which could adversely affect the value or performance of the Fund. Changes in the value of a derivative may also create margin delivery or settlement payment obligations for the Fund. In addition, the Fund’s ability to use derivative instruments may be limited by tax considerations.
The particular derivative instruments the Fund can use are described below. The Fund’s portfolio managers may decide not to employ some or all of these instruments, and there is no assurance that any derivatives strategy used by the Fund will succeed. The Fund may employ new derivative instruments and strategies when they are developed, if those investment methods are consistent with the Fund’s investment objective and are permissible under applicable regulations governing the Fund.
Options Transactions
The Fund may purchase put and call options on specific securities (including groups or “baskets” of specific securities), stock indices, and/or foreign currencies. In addition, the Fund may write put and call options on such financial instruments.
Options on Securities. The Fund may purchase put and call options on securities. A put option on a security gives the purchaser of the option the right (but not the obligation) to sell, and the writer of the option the obligation to buy, the underlying security at a stated price (the “exercise price”) at any time before the option expires. A call option on a security gives the purchaser the right (but not the obligation) to buy, and the writer the obligation to sell, the underlying security at the exercise price at any time before the option expires. The purchase price for a put or call option is the “premium” paid by the purchaser for the right to sell or buy.
The Fund may purchase put options to hedge against a decline in the value of its portfolio. By using put options in this way, the Fund would reduce any profit it might otherwise have realized in the underlying security by the amount of the premium paid for the put option and by transaction costs. In similar fashion, the Fund may purchase call options to protect against an increase in the price of securities that the Fund anticipates purchasing in the future, a practice sometimes referred to as “anticipatory hedging.” The premium paid for the call option plus any transaction costs will reduce the benefit, if any, realized by the Fund upon exercise of the option, and, unless the price of the underlying security rises sufficiently, the option may expire unexercised.
Options on Interest Rates and Indices. The Fund may purchase put and call options on interest rates and bond indices. An option on interest rates or on an index gives the holder the right to receive, upon exercise of the option, an amount of cash if the closing value of the underlying interest rate or index is greater than, in the case of a call, or less than, in the case of a put, the exercise price of the option. This amount of cash is equal to the difference between the exercise-settlement value of the interest rate option or the closing price of the index and the exercise price of the option expressed in dollars times a specified multiple (the “multiplier”). The writer of the option is obligated, for the premium received, to make delivery of this amount. Settlements for interest rate and index options are always in cash.
Writing Options. The Fund may write (sell) put and call options. These transactions would be undertaken principally to produce additional income. The Fund receives a premium from writing options which it retains whether or not the option is exercised. The Fund may write straddles consisting of a combination of a call and a put written on the same underlying instrument.
The Fund will write a call option on a security only if (a) the Fund owns the security underlying the call, (b) the Fund has an absolute and immediate right to acquire that security without additional cash consideration (or, if additional cash consideration is required, cash or other liquid assets in such amount are segregated), or (c) the Fund holds a call on the same security where the exercise price of the call is (i)
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equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
The Fund will write a call option on a basket of securities, an index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets in an amount equal to the contract value of the index, basket or currency, or (b) the Fund holds a call on the same index, basket or currency as the call written where the exercise price of the call held is (i) equal to or less than the exercise price of the call written, or (ii) greater than the exercise price of the call written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
The Fund will write a put option on a security, basket of securities, index or currency only if (a) the Fund segregates liquid assets equal to the exercise price or (b) the Fund holds a put on the same security, basket of securities, index or currency as the put written where the exercise price of the put held is (i) equal to or greater than the exercise price of the put written, or (ii) less than the exercise price of the put written, provided the difference is maintained by the Fund in segregated liquid assets.
When the Fund writes a straddle, sufficient assets will be segregated to meet the Fund’s immediate obligations. The Fund may segregate the same liquid assets for both the call and put options in a straddle where the exercise price of the call and put are the same, or the exercise price of the call is higher than that of the put. In such cases, the Fund will also segregate liquid assets equivalent to the amount, if any, by which the put is “in the money.”
Expiration or Exercise of Options. If an option purchased by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital loss equal to the premium paid. If an option written by the Fund expires unexercised, the Fund realizes a capital gain equal to the premium received at the time the option was written. Prior to the earlier of exercise or expiration, an exchange traded option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series (type, exchange, underlying security, currency or index, exercise price, and expiration). There can be no assurance, however, that a closing purchase or sale transaction can be effected when the Fund desires.
The Fund may sell put or call options it has previously purchased, which could result in a net gain or loss depending on whether the amount realized on the sale is more or less than the premium and other transaction costs paid on the put or call option which is sold. Prior to exercise or expiration, an option may be closed out by an offsetting purchase or sale of an option of the same series. The Fund will realize a capital gain from a closing purchase transaction if the cost of the closing option is less than the premium received from writing the option, or, if it is more, the Fund will realize a capital loss. If the premium received from a closing sale transaction is more than the premium paid to purchase the option, the Fund will realize a capital gain or, if it is less, the Fund will realize a capital loss. The principal factors affecting the market value of a put or a call option include supply and demand, interest rates, the current market price of the underlying security, currency or index in relation to the exercise price of the option, the volatility of the underlying security, currency or index, and the time remaining until the expiration date.
Options on Currencies. The Fund may purchase put and call options on foreign currencies. A foreign currency option provides the option buyer with the right to buy or sell a stated amount of foreign currency at the exercise price at a specified date or during the option period. A call option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to buy the currency, while a put option gives its owner the right, but not the obligation, to sell the currency. The option seller (writer) is obligated to fulfill the terms of the option sold if it is exercised. However, either seller or buyer may close its position during the option period in the secondary market for such options at any time prior to expiration.
A foreign currency call option rises in value if the underlying currency appreciates. Conversely, a foreign currency put option rises in value if the underlying currency depreciates. While purchasing a foreign currency option may protect the Fund against an adverse movement in the value of a foreign currency, it would limit the gain which might result from a favorable movement in the value of the currency. For example, if the Fund were holding securities denominated in an appreciating foreign currency and had purchased a foreign currency put to hedge against a decline in the value of the currency, it would not have to exercise its put. In such an event, however, the amount of the Fund’s gain would be offset in part by the premium paid for the option. Similarly, if the Fund entered into a contract to purchase a security denominated in a foreign currency and purchased a foreign currency call to hedge against a rise in the value of the currency between the date of purchase and the settlement date, the Fund would not need to exercise its call if the currency instead depreciated in value. In such a case, the Fund could acquire the amount of foreign currency needed for settlement in the spot market at a lower price than the exercise price of the option.
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Futures
The Fund may engage in futures transactions. The Fund may buy and sell futures contracts that relate to (1) interest rates, (2) foreign currencies, (3) debt securities, and (4) bond indices. The Fund may only enter into futures contracts which are standardized and traded on a U.S. or foreign exchange, board of trade or similar entity, or quoted on an automated quotation system.
A futures contract is an agreement between two parties to buy and sell a security, interest rate or currency (each a “financial instrument”) for a set price on a future date. Certain futures contracts, such as futures contracts relating to individual securities, call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument. However, these contracts generally are closed out before delivery by entering into an offsetting purchase or sale of a matching futures contract. Other futures contracts, such as futures contracts on interest rates and indices, do not call for making or taking delivery of the underlying financial instrument, but rather are agreements pursuant to which two parties agree to take or make delivery of an amount of cash equal to the difference between the value of the financial instrument at the close of the last trading day of the contract and the price at which the contract was originally written. These contracts also may be settled by entering into an offsetting futures contract.
Unlike when the Fund purchases or sells a security, no price is paid or received by the Fund upon the purchase or sale of a futures contract. Initially, the Fund will be required to deposit with its futures broker (also known as a futures commission merchant (“FCM”)) an amount of cash or securities equal to a specified percentage of the contract amount. This amount is known as initial margin. The margin deposit is intended to ensure completion of the contract. Minimum initial margin requirements are established by the futures exchanges and may be revised. In addition, FCMs may establish margin deposit requirements that are higher than the exchange minimums. Cash held as margin is generally invested by the FCM in high-quality instruments permitted under CFTC regulations, with returns retained by the FCM and interest paid to the Fund on the cash at an agreed-upon rate. The Fund will also receive any interest paid from coupon-bearing securities, such as Treasury securities, held in margin accounts. Subsequent payments to and from the FCM, called variation margin, will be made on a daily basis as the price of the underlying financial instrument fluctuates, making the futures contract more or less valuable, a process known as marking the contract to market. Changes in variation margin are recorded by the Fund as unrealized gains or losses. At any time prior to expiration of the futures contract, the Fund may elect to close the position by taking an opposite position that will operate to terminate its position in the futures contract. A final determination of variation margin is then made, additional cash is required to be paid by or released to the Fund, and the Fund realizes a gain or loss. In the event of the bankruptcy or insolvency of an FCM that holds margin on behalf of the Fund, the Fund may be entitled to the return of margin owed to it only in proportion to the amount received by the FCM’s other customers, potentially resulting in losses to the Fund. Futures transactions also involve brokerage costs.
Most U.S. futures exchanges limit the amount of fluctuation permitted in futures contract prices during a single trading day. The daily limit establishes the maximum amount that the price of a futures contract may vary either up or down from the previous day’s settlement price at the end of a trading session. Once the daily limit has been reached in a particular type of futures contract, no trades may be made on that day at a price beyond that limit. The daily limit governs only price movement during a particular trading day and therefore does not limit potential losses, because the limit may prevent the liquidation of unfavorable positions. Futures contract prices have occasionally moved to the daily limit for several consecutive trading days with little or no trading, thereby preventing prompt liquidation of futures positions and subjecting some futures traders to substantial losses.
Forward Currency Contracts and other Foreign Currency Transactions
The Fund may enter into forward currency contracts. A forward currency contract involves an obligation to purchase or sell a specific currency at a future date, which may be any fixed number of days from the date of the contract agreed upon by the parties, at a price set at the time of the contract. These contracts are traded directly between currency traders (usually large commercial banks) and their customers. Unlike futures contracts, which are standardized contracts, forward contracts can be specifically drawn to meet the needs of the parties that enter into them. The parties to a forward currency contract may agree to offset or terminate the contract before its maturity, or may hold the contract to maturity and complete the contemplated exchange. Because forward contracts are not traded on an exchange, the Fund is subject to the credit and performance risk of the counterparties to such contracts.
Swap Transactions
The Fund may enter into interest rate, total return, and credit default swap agreements.
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The Fund may enter into swap transactions for any purpose consistent with its investment objectives and strategies, such as for the purpose of attempting to obtain or preserve a particular return or spread at a lower cost than obtaining a return or spread through purchases and/or sales of instruments in other markets, to protect against an increase in the price of securities the Fund anticipates purchasing at a later date, to reduce risk arising from the ownership of a particular instrument, or to gain exposure to certain securities, reference rates, sectors or markets.
Swap agreements are two party contracts entered into primarily by institutional investors for a specified period of time. In a standard swap transaction, two parties agree to exchange the returns (or differentials in rates of return) earned or realized on a particular predetermined asset, reference rate or index. The gross returns to be exchanged or swapped between the parties are generally calculated with respect to a notional amount, e.g., the return on or increase in value of a particular dollar amount invested at a particular interest rate or in a basket of securities representing a particular index. The notional amount of the swap agreement generally is only used as a basis upon which to calculate the obligations that the parties to the swap agreement have agreed to exchange. The Fund’s current obligations under a net swap agreement will be accrued daily (offset against any amounts owed to the Fund).
Interest Rate Swaps. Interest rate swaps are financial instruments that involve the exchange of one type of interest rate for another type of interest rate cash flow on specified dates in the future. Some of the different types of interest rate swaps are “fixed-for floating rate swaps,” “termed basis swaps” and “index amortizing swaps.” Fixed-for floating rate swaps involve the exchange of fixed interest rate cash flows for floating rate cash flows. Termed basis swaps entail cash flows to both parties based on floating interest rates, where the interest rate indices are different. Index amortizing swaps are typically fixed-for floating swaps where the notional amount changes if certain conditions are met. Like a traditional investment in a debt security, the Fund could lose money by investing in an interest rate swap if interest rates change adversely.
Total Return Swaps. In a total return swap, one party agrees to pay the other the “total return” of a defined underlying asset during a specified period, in return for periodic payments based on a fixed or variable interest rate or the total return from other underlying assets. A total return swap may be applied to any underlying asset but is most commonly used with bonds and defined baskets of loans and mortgages. The Fund might enter into a total return swap involving an underlying index or basket of securities to create exposure to a potentially widely-diversified range of securities in a single trade. An index total return swap can be used by the portfolio managers to assume risk, without the complications of buying the component securities from what may not always be the most liquid of markets.
Credit Default Swaps. A credit default swap is a bilateral contract that enables an investor to buy or sell protection against a defined-issuer credit event. The Fund may enter into credit default swap agreements either as a buyer or a seller. The Fund may buy protection to attempt to mitigate the risk of default or credit quality deterioration in one or more of its individual holdings or in a segment of the fixed income securities market to which it has exposure, or to take a “short” position in individual bonds or market segments which it does not own. The Fund may sell protection in an attempt to gain exposure to the credit quality characteristics of particular bonds or market segments without investing directly in those bonds or market segments.
As the buyer of protection in a credit default swap, the Fund will pay a premium (by means of an upfront payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the agreement) in return for the right to deliver a referenced bond or group of bonds to the protection seller and receive the full notional or par value (or other agreed upon value) upon a default (or similar event) by the issuer(s) of the underlying referenced obligation(s). If no default occurs, the protection seller would keep the stream of payments and would have no further obligation to the Fund. Thus, the cost to the Fund would be the premium paid with respect to the agreement. If a credit event occurs, however, the Fund may elect to receive the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. The Fund bears the risk that the protection seller may fail to satisfy its payment obligations.
If the Fund is a seller of protection in a credit default swap and no credit event occurs, the Fund would generally receive an up-front payment or a periodic stream of payments over the term of the swap. If a credit event occurs, however, generally the Fund would have to pay the buyer the full notional value of the swap in exchange for an equal face amount of deliverable obligations of the reference entity that may have little or no value. As the protection seller, the Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. Thus, the Fund bears the same risk
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as it would by buying the reference obligations directly, plus the additional risks related to obtaining investment exposure through a derivative instrument discussed below under “Risks Associated with Swap Transactions.”
Swap Options. A swap option is a contract that gives a counterparty the right (but not the obligation), in return for payment of a premium, to enter into a new swap agreement or to shorten, extend, cancel, or otherwise modify an existing swap agreement at some designated future time on specified terms. A cash-settled option on a swap gives the purchaser the right, in return for the premium paid, to receive an amount of cash equal to the value of the underlying swap as of the exercise date. The Fund may write (sell) and purchase put and call swap options. Depending on the terms of the particular option agreement, the Fund generally will incur a greater degree of risk when it writes a swap option than when it purchases a swap option. When the Fund purchases a swap option, it risks losing only the amount of the premium it has paid should it decide to let the option expire unexercised. However, when the Fund writes a swap option, upon exercise of the option the Fund will become obligated according to the terms of the underlying agreement.
Risks Associated with Swap Transactions. The use of swap transactions is a highly specialized activity which involves strategies and risks different from those associated with ordinary portfolio security transactions. If the Sub-Adviser is incorrect in its forecasts of default risks, market spreads or other applicable factors the investment performance of the Fund would diminish compared with what it would have been if these techniques were not used. As the protection seller in a credit default swap, the Fund effectively adds economic leverage to its portfolio because, in addition to being subject to investment exposure on its total net assets, the Fund is subject to investment exposure on the notional amount of the swap. The Fund may only close out a swap or other two-party contract with its particular counterparty, and may only transfer a position with the consent of that counterparty. In addition, the price at which the Fund may close out such a two party contract may not correlate with the price change in the underlying reference asset. If the counterparty defaults, the Fund will have contractual remedies, but there can be no assurance that the counterparty will be able to meet its contractual obligations or that the Fund will succeed in enforcing its rights. It also is possible that developments in the derivatives market, including potential government regulation, could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to terminate existing swap or other agreements or to realize amounts to be received under such agreements.
Caps, Collars and Floors
The Fund may enter into interest rate caps, floors, and collars. Caps and floors have an effect similar to buying or writing options. In a typical cap or floor agreement, one party agrees to make payments only under specified circumstances, usually in return for payment of a fee by the other party. For example, the buyer of an interest rate cap obtains the right to receive payments to the extent that a specified interest rate exceeds an agreed-upon level. The seller of an interest rate floor is obligated to make payments to the extent that a specified interest rate falls below an agreed-upon level. An interest rate collar involves selling a cap and purchasing a floor or vice versa to protect the Fund against interest rate movements exceeding given minimum or maximum levels.
Limitations on the Use of CFTC-Regulated Futures, Options on Futures and Swaps
The Fund will limit its direct investments in CFTC-regulated futures, options on futures and swaps (“CFTC Derivatives”) to the extent necessary for the Adviser to claim the exclusion from regulation as a commodity pool operator with respect to the Fund under CFTC Rule 4.5, as such rule may be amended from time to time. Under Rule 4.5 as currently in effect, the Fund will limit its trading activity in CFTC Derivatives (excluding activity for “bona fide hedging purposes,” as defined by the CFTC) such that it meets one of the following tests:
· Aggregate initial margin and premiums required to establish its positions in CFTC Derivatives do not exceed 5% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions; or
· Aggregate net notional value of its positions in CFTC Derivatives does not exceed 100% of the liquidation value of the Fund’s portfolio, after taking into account unrealized profits and losses on such positions.
With respect to the Fund, the Adviser has filed a notice of eligibility for exclusion from the definition of the term commodity pool operator under the Commodity Exchange Act and therefore is not subject to registration or regulation as a commodity pool operator thereunder.
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The requirements for qualification as a regulated investment company may also limit the extent to which the Fund may invest in CFTC Derivatives. See “Tax Matters—Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company.”
Federal Income Tax Treatment of Futures Contracts and Options
The Fund’s transactions in futures contracts and options will be subject to special provisions of the Code, that, among other things, may affect the character of gains and losses realized by the Fund (i.e., may affect whether gains or losses are ordinary or capital, or short-term or long-term), may accelerate recognition of income to the Fund and may defer Fund losses. These rules could, therefore, affect the character, amount and timing of distributions to shareholders. These provisions also (a) will require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of the positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) and (b) may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the 90% distribution requirement for qualifying to be taxed as a regulated investment company and the distribution requirement for avoiding excise taxes.
Risks and Special Considerations Concerning Derivatives
The use of derivative instruments involves certain general risks and considerations as described below.
(1) Market Risk. Market risk is the risk that the value of the underlying assets may go up or down. Adverse movements in the value of an underlying asset can expose the Fund to losses. The successful use of derivative instruments depends upon a variety of factors, particularly the portfolio managers’ ability to predict movements in the relevant markets, which may require different skills than predicting changes in the prices of individual securities. There can be no assurance that any particular strategy adopted will succeed.
(2) Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a loss may be sustained as a result of the failure of a counterparty to comply with the terms of a derivative instrument. The counterparty risk for exchange-traded derivatives is generally less than for OTC derivatives, since generally a clearing agency, which is the issuer or counterparty to each exchange-traded instrument, provides a guarantee of performance. For many OTC instruments, there is no similar clearing agency guarantee and there is less regulation or supervision of transactions. In all transactions, the Fund will bear the risk that the counterparty will default, and this could result in a loss of the expected benefit of the derivative transactions and possibly other losses to the Fund. The Fund will enter into derivatives transactions only with counterparties that its portfolio managers reasonably believe are capable of performing under the contract.
(3) Correlation Risk. Correlation risk is the risk that there might be an imperfect correlation, or even no correlation, between price movements of a derivative instrument and price movements of investments being hedged. When a derivative transaction is used to completely hedge another position, changes in the market value of the combined position (the derivative instrument plus the position being hedged) result from an imperfect correlation between the price movements of the two instruments. With a perfect hedge, the value of the combined position remains unchanged with any change in the price of the underlying asset. With an imperfect hedge, the value of the derivative instrument and its hedge are not perfectly correlated. For example, if the value of a derivative instrument used in a short hedge (such as a CDS) increased by less than the decline in value of the hedged investments, the hedge would not be perfectly correlated. This might occur due to factors unrelated to the value of the investments being hedged, such as speculative or other pressures on the markets in which these instruments are traded. The effectiveness of hedges using instruments on indices will depend, in part, on the degree of correlation between price movements in the index and the price movements in the investments being hedged.
(4) Liquidity Risk. Liquidity risk is the risk that a derivative instrument cannot be sold, closed out or replaced quickly at or very close to its fundamental value. Generally, exchange contracts are very liquid because the exchange clearinghouse is the counterparty of every contract. OTC transactions are less liquid than exchange-traded derivatives since they often can only be closed out with the other party to the transaction. The Fund might be required to maintain assets as “cover,” maintain segregated accounts, and/or make margin payments when it takes positions in derivative instruments involving obligations to third parties (i.e., instruments other than purchase options). If the Fund is unable to close out its positions in such instruments, it might be required to continue to maintain such assets or accounts or make such payments until
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the position expires, matures or is closed out. These requirements might impair the Fund’s ability to sell a security or make an investment at a time when it would otherwise be favorable to do so, or require that the Fund sell a portfolio security at a disadvantageous time. The Fund’s ability to sell or close out a position in an instrument prior to expiration or maturity depends upon the existence of a liquid secondary market or, in the absence of such a market, the ability and willingness of the counterparty to enter into a transaction closing out the position. There is no assurance that any derivatives position can be sold or closed out at a time and price that is favorable to the Fund. The Fund must comply with the SEC rule related to the use of derivatives and certain other transactions when engaging in the transactions discussed above. See “Derivatives” above.
(5) Legal Risk. Legal risk is the risk of loss caused by the unenforceability of a party’s obligations under the derivative. While a party seeking price certainty agrees to surrender the potential upside in exchange for downside protection, the party taking the risk is looking for a positive payoff. Despite this voluntary assumption of risk, a counterparty that has lost money in a derivative transaction may try to avoid payment by exploiting various legal uncertainties about certain derivative products.
(6) Systemic or “Interconnection” Risk. Systemic or interconnection risk is the risk that a disruption in the financial markets will cause difficulties for all market participants. In other words, a disruption in one market will spill over into other markets, perhaps creating a chain reaction. Much of the OTC derivatives market takes place among the OTC dealers themselves, thus creating a large interconnected web of financial obligations. This interconnectedness raises the possibility that a default by one large dealer could create losses for other dealers and destabilize the entire market for OTC derivative instruments.
(7) Leverage Risk. Leverage risk is the risk that the Fund may be more volatile than if it had not been leveraged due to leverage’s tendency to exaggerate the effect of any increase or decrease in the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities. The use of leverage may also cause the Fund to liquidate portfolio positions when it may not be advantageous to do so to satisfy its obligations or to meet segregation requirements.
(8) Regulatory Risk. The Dodd-Frank Act Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the “Dodd-Frank Act”) has initiated a dramatic revision of the U.S. financial regulatory framework and covers a broad range of topics, including (among many others) a reorganization of federal financial regulators; a process intended to improve financial systemic stability and the resolution of potentially insolvent financial firms; and new rules for derivatives trading. In particular, the Dodd-Frank Act makes broad changes to the OTC derivatives market, grants significant new authority to the SEC and the CFTC to regulate OTC derivatives and market participants, and will require clearing and exchange trading of many OTC derivatives transactions. New requirements, such as capital requirements and mandatory clearing of OTC derivatives transactions, have impacted and may continue to impact the costs to the Fund of trading these instruments and, as a result, may affect returns to investors in the Fund. Instruments in which the Fund may invest, or the issuers of such instruments, may be affected by this legislation and regulation in ways that are unforeseeable. Certain of the implementing regulations have not yet been finalized or made effective. Accordingly, the ultimate impact of the Dodd-Frank Act, including on the derivative instruments in which the Fund may invest, is not yet certain.
Equity Securities
The Fund invests primarily in equity securities, which include common stocks, preferred securities, warrants to purchase common stocks or preferred securities, convertible securities, participatory notes, interests in real estate investment trusts, common and preferred units of master limited partnerships, and other securities with equity characteristics.
Common Stocks
Common stocks represent units of ownership in a company. Common stocks usually carry voting rights and earn dividends. Unlike preferred securities, dividends on common stocks are not prescribed in advance but are declared at the discretion of a company’s board.
While investing in stocks allows shareholders to participate in the benefits of owning a company, such shareholders must accept the risks of ownership. Unlike bondholders, who have preference to a
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company’s earnings and cash flow, common stockholders are entitled only to the residual amount after a company meets its other obligations. For this reason, the value of a company’s stock will usually react more strongly to actual or perceived changes in the company’s financial condition or prospects than its debt obligations. Stockholders of a company that fares poorly can lose money.
Stock markets tend to move in cycles with short or extended periods of rising and falling stock prices. The value of a company’s stock may fall because of:
· Factors that directly relate to that company, such as decisions made by its management or lower demand for the company’s products or services;
· Factors affecting an entire industry, such as increases in production costs; and
· Changes in financial market conditions that are relatively unrelated to the company or its industry, such as changes in interest rates, currency exchange rates or inflation rates.
An investment in common stocks of issuers with small or medium market capitalizations generally involves greater risk and price volatility than an investment in common stocks of larger, more established companies. This increased risk may be due to the greater business risks of their small or medium size, limited markets and financial resources, narrow product lines and frequent lack of management depth. The securities of small and medium capitalization companies are often traded in the over-the-counter market, and might not be traded in volumes typical of securities traded on a national securities exchange. Thus, the securities of small and medium capitalization companies are likely to be less liquid and subject to more abrupt or erratic market movements than securities of larger, more established companies.
Preferred Securities
Like common stocks, preferred securities are also units of ownership in a company, but preferred securities normally have preference over common stocks in the payment of dividends and the liquidation of the company. In all other respects, however, preferred securities are subordinated to the liabilities of the issuer. Unlike common stocks, preferred securities are generally not entitled to vote on corporate matters. Types of preferred securities include adjustable-rate preferred securities, fixed dividend preferred securities, perpetual preferred securities and sinking fund preferred securities. Generally, the market value of preferred securities with a fixed dividend rate and no conversion element varies inversely with interest rates and perceived credit risk.
Because preferred securities are generally junior to most other forms of debt securities and other obligations of the issuer, deterioration in the credit quality of the issuer will cause greater changes in the value of a preferred security than in a more senior debt security with similar stated yield characteristics.
Warrants
The Fund may invest in warrants if, after giving effect thereto, not more than 5% of its net assets will be invested in warrants other than warrants acquired in units or attached to other securities. Investing in warrants is purely speculative in that they have no voting rights, pay no dividends, and have no rights with respect to the assets of the corporation issuing them. Warrants are issued by the issuer of a security and provide their holder the option to purchase that security upon the warrants’ exercise at a specific price for a specific period of time. They do not represent ownership of the securities but only the right to buy them. The prices of warrants do not necessarily parallel the prices of the underlying securities.
Convertible Securities
For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, the Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
Convertible securities are hybrid securities that combine the investment characteristics of bonds and common stocks. Convertible securities typically consist of debt securities or preferred securities that may be converted within a specified period of time (typically for the entire life of the security) into a certain amount of common stock or other equity security of the same or a different issuer at a predetermined price. They also include debt securities with warrants or common stock attached and derivatives combining the features of debt securities and equity securities. Convertible securities entitle the holder to receive interest paid or accrued on debt, or dividends paid or accrued on preferred securities, until the security matures or is redeemed, converted or exchanged.
The market value of a convertible security generally is a function of its “investment value” and its “conversion value.” A security’s “investment value” represents the value of the security without its conversion feature (i.e., a comparable non-convertible fixed-income security). The investment value is
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determined by, among other things, reference to its credit quality and the current value of its yield to maturity or probable call date. At any given time, investment value is dependent upon such factors as the general level of interest rates, the yield of similar non-convertible securities, the financial strength of the issuer and the seniority of the security in the issuer’s capital structure. A security’s “conversion value” is determined by multiplying the number of shares the holder is entitled to receive upon conversion or exchange by the current price of the underlying security. If the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly below its investment value, the convertible security will trade like non-convertible debt or a preferred security in the sense that its market value will not be influenced greatly by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying security into which it can be converted. Instead, the convertible security’s price will tend to move in the opposite direction from interest rates. Conversely, if the conversion value of a convertible security is significantly above its investment value, the market value of the convertible security will be more heavily influenced by fluctuations in the market price of the underlying stock. In that case, the convertible security’s price may be as volatile as that of the common stock. Because both interest rate and market movements can influence its value, a convertible security is not generally as sensitive to interest rates as a similar fixed-income security, nor is it generally as sensitive to changes in share price as its underlying stock.
The Fund’s investments in convertible securities, particularly securities that are convertible into securities of an issuer other than the issuer of the convertible security, may be illiquid. The Fund’s investments in convertible securities may at times include securities that have a mandatory conversion feature, pursuant to which the securities convert automatically into common stock or other equity securities (of the same or a different issuer) at a specified date and a specified conversion ratio, or that are convertible at the option of the issuer. For issues where the conversion of the security is not at the option of the holder, the Fund may be required to convert the security into the underlying common stock even at times when the value of the underlying common stock or other equity security has declined substantially.
In addition, some convertible securities are often rated below investment-grade or are not rated, and therefore may be considered speculative investments. The credit rating of a company’s convertible securities is generally lower than that of its conventional debt securities. Convertible securities are normally considered “junior” securities—that is, the company usually must pay interest on its conventional corporate debt before it can make payments on its convertible securities. Some convertible securities are particularly sensitive to interest rate changes when their predetermined conversion price is much higher than the issuing company’s common stock.
Participatory Notes
The Fund may invest in participatory notes issued by banks or broker-dealers that are designed to replicate the performance of certain non-U.S. companies traded on a non-U.S. exchange. Participatory notes are a type of equity-linked derivative which generally are traded over-the-counter. Even though a participatory note is intended to reflect the performance of the underlying equity securities on a one-to-one basis so that investors will not normally gain or lose more in absolute terms than they would have made or lost had they invested in the underlying securities directly, the performance results of participatory notes will not replicate exactly the performance of the issuers or markets that the notes seek to replicate due to transaction costs and other expenses. Investments in participatory notes involve risks normally associated with a direct investment in the underlying securities. In addition, participatory notes are subject to counterparty risk, which is the risk that the broker-dealer or bank that issues the notes will not fulfill its contractual obligation to complete the transaction with the Fund. Participatory notes constitute general unsecured, unsubordinated contractual obligations of the banks or broker-dealers that issue them, and the Fund is relying on the creditworthiness of such banks or broker-dealers and has no rights under a participatory note against the issuers of the securities underlying such participatory notes. There can be no assurance that the trading price or value of participatory notes will equal the value of the underlying value of the equity securities they seek to replicate.
Real Estate Investment Trusts
Real estate investment trusts (“REITs”) are publicly traded corporations or trusts that specialize in acquiring, holding, and managing residential, commercial or industrial real estate located in the United States or foreign countries. A REIT is not taxed at the entity level on income distributed to its shareholders or unitholders if it distributes to shareholders or unitholders at least 90% of its taxable income for each taxable year and complies with regulatory requirements relating to its organization, ownership, assets and income.
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REITs generally can be classified as equity REITs, mortgage REITs and hybrid REITs. An equity REIT invests the majority of its assets directly in real property and derives its income primarily from rents and from capital gains on real estate appreciation which are realized through property sales. A mortgage REIT invests the majority of its assets in real estate mortgage loans and services its income primarily from interest payments. A hybrid REIT combines the characteristics of an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT.
Investing in REITs would subject the Fund to risks associated with the real estate industry. The real estate industry has been subject to substantial fluctuations and declines on a local, regional and national basis in the past and may continue to be in the future. Real property values and income from real property may decline due to general and local economic conditions, overbuilding and increased competition, increases in property taxes and operating expenses, changes in zoning laws, casualty or condemnation losses, regulatory limitations on rents, changes in neighborhoods and in demographics, increases in market interest rates, or other factors. Factors such as these may adversely affect companies which own and operate real estate directly, companies which lend to such companies, and companies which service the real estate industry.
The Fund may also be subject to risks associated with direct investments in REITs. Equity REITs will be affected by changes in the values of and income from the properties they own, while mortgage REITs may be affected by the credit quality of the mortgage loans they hold. In addition, REITs are dependent on specialized management skills and on their ability to generate cash flow for operating purposes and to make distributions to shareholders or unitholders. REITs may have limited diversification and are subject to risks associated with obtaining financing for real property, as well as to the risk of self-liquidation. REITs also can be adversely affected by their failure to qualify for tax-free pass-through treatment of their income under the Code or their failure to maintain an exemption from registration under the 1940 Act. By investing in REITs indirectly through the Fund, a shareholder bears not only a proportionate share of the expenses of the Fund, but also may indirectly bear similar expenses of some of the REITs in which it invests.
Master Limited Partnerships
Equity securities in which the Fund may invest include master limited partnerships (“MLPs”). An MLP is an entity, most commonly a limited partnership that is taxed as a partnership, publicly traded and listed on a national securities exchange. Holders of common units of MLPs typically have limited control and limited voting rights as compared to holders of a corporation’s common shares. MLPs are limited by the Code to only apply to enterprises that engage in certain businesses, mostly pertaining to the use of natural resources, such as petroleum and natural gas extraction and transportation, although some other enterprises may also qualify as MLPs.
Illiquid Investments
The Fund may invest in illiquid investments (i.e., investments that the Fund reasonably expects cannot be sold or disposed of in current market conditions in seven calendar days or less without the sale or disposition significantly changing the market value of the investment). For purposes of this restriction, illiquid investments include, but are not limited to, restricted securities (securities the disposition of which is restricted under the federal securities laws) and repurchase agreements with maturities in excess of seven days. However, the Fund will not acquire illiquid investments if, as a result, such securities would comprise more than 15% of the value of the Fund’s net assets. The Board or its delegate has the ultimate authority to determine, to the extent permissible under the federal securities laws, which securities are liquid or illiquid for purposes of this 15% limitation. The Board has delegated to the Adviser the day-to-day determination of the illiquidity of any portfolio security, although it has retained oversight over and ultimate responsibility for such determinations. The Adviser works with and to a large extent relies on the expertise and advice of the Sub-Adviser in making these liquidity determinations. Although no definitive liquidity criteria are used, the Board has directed the Adviser to look to such factors as (i) the nature of the market for a security (including the institutional private resale market, the frequency of trades and quotes for the security, the number of dealers willing to purchase or sell the security, and the amount of time normally needed to dispose of the security, the method of soliciting offers and the mechanics of transfer); (ii) the terms of certain securities or other instruments allowing for the disposition to a third party or the issuer thereof (e.g., certain repurchase obligations and demand instruments); and (iii) other permissible relevant facts.
Restricted securities may be sold only in privately negotiated transactions or in a public offering with respect to which a registration statement is in effect under the 1933 Act. Where registration is
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required, the Fund may be obligated to pay all or part of the registration expenses and a considerable period may elapse between the time of the decision to sell and the time the Fund may be permitted to sell a security under an effective registration statement. If, during such a period, adverse market conditions were to develop, the Fund might obtain a less favorable price than that which prevailed when it decided to sell. Illiquid investments will be priced at fair value as determined in good faith by the Board or its delegate.
Lending of Portfolio Securities
In order to generate additional income, the Fund may lend portfolio securities representing up to one-third of the value of its total assets to broker-dealers, banks or other institutional borrowers of securities that the Adviser has determined are creditworthy. The securities lending agent will generally bear the risk that a borrower may default on its obligation to return loaned securities; however, the Fund bears the risk that the securities lending agent may default on its contractual obligations to the Fund. The Fund also bears the market risk with respect to the investment of the cash collateral used to secure the loan. The Fund may lose money on its investment of cash collateral or may fail to earn sufficient income on its investment to meet its obligations to the borrower. The Fund will pay a portion of the income earned on other lending transactions to the placing broker and may pay administrative and custodial fees in connection with these loans.
In these loan arrangements, the Fund will receive cash collateral equal to at least 102% of the value of the securities loaned as determined at the time of loan origination. If the market value of the loaned securities increases, the borrower must furnish additional collateral to the Fund. During the time portfolio securities are on loan, the borrower pays the Fund any dividends or interest paid on the securities. Loans are subject to termination at any time by the Fund or the borrower. While the Fund does not have the right to vote securities on loan, it would terminate the loan and regain the right to vote if that were considered important with respect to the investment.
When the Fund lends portfolio securities to a borrower, payments in lieu of dividends made by the borrower to the Fund will not constitute “qualified dividends” taxable at the same rate as long-term capital gains, even if the actual dividends would have constituted qualified dividends had the Fund held the securities. However, the Fund currently recalls all loaned securities from the borrower so that it may receive dividends paid on the securities, if any.
Non-U.S. Securities
The Fund may invest in equity securities issued by non-U.S. companies. Investments in securities of non-U.S. companies involve risks in addition to the usual risks inherent in domestic investments, including currency risk. The value of a non-U.S. security in U.S. dollars tends to decrease when the value of the U.S. dollar rises against the non-U.S. currency in which the security is denominated and tends to increase when the value of the U.S. dollar falls against such currency.
Non-U.S. securities are affected by the fact that in many countries there is less publicly available information about issuers than is available in the reports and ratings published about companies in the United States and such issuers may not be subject to uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards. Other risks inherent in non-U.S. investments include expropriation; confiscatory taxation; withholding taxes on dividends and interest; less extensive regulation of non-U.S. brokers, securities markets and issuers; diplomatic developments; and political or social instability. Non-U.S. economies may differ favorably or unfavorably from the U.S. economy in various respects, and many non-U.S. securities are less liquid and their prices tend to be more volatile than comparable U.S. securities. From time to time, non-U.S. securities may be difficult to liquidate rapidly without adverse price effects.
The Fund may also invest in non-U.S. securities by purchasing depositary receipts, including American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”), European Depositary Receipts (“EDRs”), Global Depositary Receipts (“GDRs”) or other securities representing indirect ownership interests in the securities of non-U.S. companies, including New York Shares. Generally, ADRs, in registered form, are denominated in U.S. dollars and are designated for use in the U.S. securities markets, while EDRs and GDRs are typically in bearer form and may be denominated in non-U.S. currencies and are designed for use in European and other markets. ADRs are receipts typically issued by a U.S. bank or trust company evidencing ownership of the underlying non-U.S. security. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs are deemed to have the same classification as the underlying securities they represent, except that ADRs, EDRs and GDRs shall be treated as indirect non-U.S. investments. Thus, an ADR, EDR or GDR representing ownership of common stock will be treated as common stock. ADRs, EDRs and GDRs do not eliminate all of the risks associated with directly investing in the securities of non-U.S. companies, such as changes in non-U.S.
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currency exchange rates. However, by investing in ADRs rather than directly in non-U.S. companies’ stock, the Fund avoids currency risks during the settlement period.
Other types of depositary receipts include American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”), Global Depositary Certificates (“GDCs”) and International Depositary Receipts (“IDRs”). ADSs are shares issued under a deposit agreement representing the underlying ordinary shares that trade in the issuer’s home market. An ADR, described above, is a certificate that represents a number of ADSs. GDCs and IDRs are typically issued by a non-U.S. bank or trust company, although they may sometimes also be issued by a U.S. bank or trust company. GDCs and IDRs are depositary receipts that evidence ownership of underlying securities issued by either a non-U.S. or a U.S. corporation.
Depositary receipts may be available through “sponsored” or “unsponsored” facilities. A sponsored facility is established jointly by a depositary and the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. An unsponsored facility may be established by a depositary without participation by the issuer of the security underlying the receipt. There are greater risks associated with holding unsponsored depositary receipts. For example, if the Fund holds an unsponsored depositary receipt, it will generally bear all of the costs of establishing the unsponsored facility. In addition, the depositary of an unsponsored facility frequently is under no obligation to distribute shareholder communications received from the issuer of the deposited security. Whether a sponsored or unsponsored facility, there is no assurance that either would pass through to the holders of the receipts voting rights with respect to the deposited securities.
In considering whether to invest in the securities of a non-U.S. company, the portfolio managers consider such factors as the characteristics of the particular company, differences between economic trends, and the performance of securities markets in the United States and other countries. The portfolio managers also consider factors relating to the general economic, governmental and social conditions of the country or countries where the company is located.
Securities transactions conducted outside the United States may not be regulated as rigorously as in the United States, may not involve a clearing mechanism and related guarantees, and are subject to the risk of governmental actions affecting trading in, or the prices of, non-U.S. securities, currencies and other instruments. The value of such positions also could be adversely affected by (i) other complex non-U.S. political, legal and economic factors, (ii) lesser availability than in the United States of data on which to make trading decisions, (iii) the imposition of different exercise and settlement terms and procedures and the margin requirements than in the United States, and (iv) currency exchange rate changes, and lower trading volume and liquidity.
Additional Market Disruption Risk
In late February 2022, Russia launched a large scale military attack on Ukraine. The invasion significantly amplified already existing geopolitical tensions among Russia, Ukraine, Europe, NATO and the West, including the U.S. In response to the military action by Russia, various countries, including the U.S., the United Kingdom, and European Union issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia. Such sanctions included, among other things, a prohibition on doing business with certain Russian companies, large financial institutions, officials and oligarchs; a commitment by certain countries and the European Union to remove selected Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (“SWIFT”), the electronic banking network that connects banks globally; and restrictive measures to prevent the Russian Central Bank from undermining the impact of the sanctions. Additional sanctions may be imposed in the future. Such sanctions (and any future sanctions) and other actions against Russia may adversely impact, among other things, the Russian economy and various sectors of the economy, including but not limited to, financials, energy, metals and mining, engineering and defense and defense-related materials sectors; result in a decline in the value and liquidity of Russian securities; result in boycotts, tariffs, and purchasing and financing restrictions on Russia’s government, companies and certain individuals; weaken the value of the ruble; downgrade the country’s credit rating; freeze Russian securities and/or funds invested in prohibited assets and impair the ability to trade in Russian securities and/or other assets; and have other adverse consequences on the Russian government, economy, companies and region. Further, several large corporations and U.S. states have announced plans to divest interests or otherwise curtail business dealings with certain Russian businesses.
The ramifications of the hostilities and sanctions, however, may not be limited to Russia and Russian companies but may spill over to and negatively impact other regional and global economic markets of the World (including Europe and the United States), companies in other countries (particularly those that have done business with Russia) and on various sectors, industries and markets for securities
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and commodities globally, such as oil and natural gas. Accordingly, the actions discussed above and the potential for a wider conflict could increase financial market volatility, cause severe negative effects on regional and global economic markets, industries, and companies and have a negative effect on the Fund’s investments and performance beyond any direct exposure to Russian issuers or those of adjoining geographic regions. In addition, Russia may take retaliatory actions and other countermeasures, including cyberattacks and espionage against other countries and companies in the World, which may negatively impact such countries and the companies in which the Fund invests. Accordingly, there may be heightened risk of cyberattacks which may result in, among other things, disruptions in the functioning and operations of industries or companies around the World, including in the United States and Europe.
The extent and duration of the military action or future escalation of such hostilities, the extent and impact of existing and future sanctions, market disruptions and volatility, and the result of any diplomatic negotiations cannot be predicted. These and any related events could have a significant impact on Fund performance and the value of an investment in the Fund, particularly with respect to Russian exposure.
Emerging Markets Risk
The Fund may invest in securities issued by companies located in emerging markets. Emerging market countries are generally in the initial stages of their industrialization cycles with low per capita income. The markets of emerging markets countries are generally more volatile than the markets of developed countries with more mature economies. They generally do not have the level of market efficiency and strict standards in accounting and securities regulation to be on par with advanced economies, but emerging markets will typically have a physical financial infrastructure, including banks, a stock exchange and a unified currency. Investors may also have limited rights relative to companies domiciled in emerging market countries, and investors may be unable to pursue the same avenues of recourse available to investors of U.S. companies, such as class action lawsuits and fraud claims, either as a matter of law or practicality. Investments in emerging markets come with much greater risk due to political instability, domestic infrastructure problems, currency volatility and limited investment opportunities (many large companies may still be “state-run” or private). Also, local securities exchanges may not offer liquid markets for outside investors. All of the risks of investing in non-U.S. securities described above are heightened by investing in emerging markets countries.
Risks of investing in emerging markets and emerging market securities include: (i) less social, political and economic stability; (ii) the smaller size of the markets for these securities and the currently low or nonexistent volume of trading that results in a lack of liquidity and in greater price volatility; (iii) the lack of publicly available information, including reports of payments of dividends or interest on outstanding securities, and less stringent regulation of accounting, auditing, financial reporting and recordkeeping requirements, which could affect the Fund’s ability to evaluate potential portfolio companies; (iv) certain national policies that may restrict the Fund’s investment opportunities, including restrictions on investment in issuers or industries deemed sensitive to national interests; (v) local taxation; (vi) the absence of developed structures governing private or foreign investment or allowing for judicial redress for injury to private property; (vii) the absence until recently, in certain countries, of a capital structure or market-oriented economy; (viii) the possibility that recent favorable economic developments in certain countries may be slowed or reversed by unanticipated political or social events in these countries; (ix) restrictions that may make it difficult or impossible for the Fund to vote proxies, exercise shareholder rights, pursue legal remedies, and obtain judgments in foreign courts; (x) the risk of uninsured loss due to lost, stolen, or counterfeit stock certificates; (xi) possible losses through the holding of securities in domestic and foreign custodial banks and depositories; (xii) heightened opportunities for governmental corruption; (xiii) large amounts of foreign debt to finance basic governmental duties that could lead to restructuring or default; (xiv) limited legal remedies for investors in emerging markets (including derivative litigation) and a limited ability of U.S. authorities (e.g., SEC and U.S. Department of Justice) to bring actions against bad actors; and (xv) heavy reliance on exports that may be severely affected by global economic downturns. Additionally, the degree of cooperation between issuers in emerging market countries with foreign and U.S. financial regulators may vary significantly. The type and severity of sanctions and other similar measures, including counter sanctions and other retaliatory actions, that may be imposed could vary broadly in scope, and their impact is highly uncertain. Changes in exchange rates and interest rates and the imposition of sanctions could, among other things, cause a decline in the value and/or liquidity of securities issued by the sanctioned country or companies located in or economically tied to the sanctioned country and increase market volatility and disruption in the sanctioned country and throughout the world. Sanctions and other similar measures could limit or prevent the Fund from buying and selling
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securities (in the sanctioned country and other markets), significantly delay or prevent the settlement of securities transactions, and significantly impact the Fund’s liquidity and performance.
In addition, some countries in which the Fund may invest have experienced substantial, and in some periods, extremely high rates of inflation for many years. Inflation and rapid fluctuations in inflation rates have had and may continue to have negative effects on the economies and securities markets of certain countries. Further, the economies of emerging market countries generally are heavily dependent upon international trade and, accordingly, have been and may continue to be adversely affected by trade barriers, exchange controls, managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which they trade.
The risks outlined above are often more pronounced in “frontier markets” in which the Fund may invest. Frontier markets are those emerging markets that are considered to be among the smallest, least mature and least liquid, and as a result, the risks of investing in emerging markets are magnified in frontier markets. This magnification of risks is the result of a number of factors, including: government ownership or control of parts of the private sector and of certain companies; trade barriers; exchange controls; managed adjustments in relative currency values and other protectionist measures imposed or negotiated by the countries with which frontier market countries trade; less uniformity in accounting and reporting requirements; unreliable securities valuation; greater risk associated with custody of securities; and the relatively new and unsettled securities laws in many frontier market countries. In addition, the markets of frontier countries typically have low trading volumes, leading to a greater potential for extreme price volatility and illiquidity. This volatility may be further increased by the actions of a few large investors. For example, a substantial increase or decrease in cash flows of mutual funds investing in these markets could significantly affect local securities prices and, therefore, the NAV of the Fund. All of these factors may make investing in frontier market countries significantly riskier than investing in other countries, including more developed and traditional emerging market countries, and any one of them could cause the NAV of the Fund’s shares to decline.
Investment in Europe
The EU is an intergovernmental and supra-national union of certain European countries, known as member states. A key activity of the EU is the establishment and administration of a common single market, consisting of, among other things, a single currency and a common trade policy. The most widely used currency in the EU (and the unit of currency of the European Economic and Monetary Union (“EMU”)) is the euro, which is in use in many of the member states. In addition to adopting a single currency, EMU member states generally no longer control their own monetary policies. Instead, the authority to direct monetary policy is exercised by the European Central Bank and, as a result, EMU member states are significantly affected by fiscal and monetary policies implemented by the EMU and European Central Bank.
While economic and monetary convergence in the EU may offer new opportunities for those investing in the region, investors should be aware that the success of the EU is not wholly assured. Europe must grapple with a number of challenges, any one of which could threaten the survival of this monumental undertaking. Many disparate economies continue to adjust to a unified monetary system, the absence of exchange rate flexibility, and the loss of economic sovereignty. Europe’s economies are diverse, its governments are decentralized, and its cultures differ widely. As member states unify their economic and monetary policies, movements in European markets will lose the benefit of diversification within the region. High unemployment could pose political risk. One or more member states might exit the union, placing the currency and banking system in jeopardy. Major issues currently facing the EU relate to its membership, structure, procedures and policies; they include the adoption, abandonment or adjustment of the constitutional treaty, the EU’s enlargement to the south and east, and resolving the EU’s problematic fiscal and democratic accountability. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments economically tied to the EU.
The EU has been extending its influence to the south and east. For former Iron Curtain member states, membership serves as a strong political impetus to employ tight fiscal and monetary policies. Nevertheless, several entrants that most recently joined the EU are former Soviet satellites that remain burdened to various extents by the inherited inefficiencies of centrally planned economies similar to that which existed under the old Soviet Union.
In addition, certain member states in the EU have had to accept assistance from supra-governmental agencies such as the International Monetary Fund and the European Financial Stability Facility. The European Central Bank has also intervened to purchase eurozone debt in order to seek to
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stabilize markets and reduce borrowing costs. Responses to these financial problems by European governments, central banks and others, including austerity measures and reforms, may not work, may result in social unrest, and may limit future growth and economic recovery or have other unintended consequences. Further defaults or restructurings by governments and others of their debt could have additional adverse effects on economies, financial markets and asset valuations around the world.
The EU’s economy may grow further as more countries join. However, the EU’s economic growth has been below that of the United States most years since 1990, and the economic performance of certain of its key members is a matter of serious concern to policy makers. Although economic conditions vary among EU member states, there is continued concern about national level support for the euro and the accompanying coordination of fiscal and wage policy of EU member states.
Further, it is possible that the euro could be abandoned in the future by EU member states that have already adopted its use, and the effects of such an abandonment or a member state’s forced expulsion from the euro on that member state, on the EMU, and on global markets are impossible to predict and could be negative. The exit of any member state out of the euro would likely have a significant destabilizing effect on all eurozone countries and their economies and a negative effect on the global economy as a whole. In addition, under these circumstances, it may be difficult to value investments denominated in euros or in a replacement currency.
In a June 2016 referendum, citizens of the UK voted to leave the EU. On January 31, 2020, the UK withdrew from the EU. Negotiators representing the UK and EU signed a trade agreement on December 30, 2020 on the terms governing certain aspects of the EU’s and UK’s relationship, the EU-UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (the “TCA”). The TCA became effective May 1, 2021 and many aspects of the UK-EU trade relationship remain subject to further negotiation. Notwithstanding the TCA, there is likely to be considerable uncertainty as to the UK’s post-transition framework, and in particular as to the arrangements which will apply to the UK’s relationships with the EU and with other countries, and the framework will likely continue to develop and could result in increased volatility and illiquidity and potentially lower economic growth. It is not possible to anticipate the longer term impact to the economic, legal, political, regulatory and social framework that will result from any agreements between the UK and the EU. The effects will depend, in part, on whether the UK is able to negotiate agreements to retain access to EU markets including, but not limited to, trade and finance agreements. In addition, such agreements may lead to ongoing political, regulatory and economic uncertainty and periods of exacerbated volatility in both the UK and in wider European markets for some time.
The impact of the UK’s withdrawal on the UK and European economies and the broader global economy could be significant, resulting in negative impacts, such as increased volatility and illiquidity, potentially lower economic growth and decreased asset valuations. The UK’s withdrawal from the EU may have a destabilizing impact on the EU to the extent other member states similarly seek to withdraw from the union and may cause additional market disruption globally and introduce new legal and regulatory uncertainties. It may also have a negative impact on the economy and currency of the UK as a result of anticipated, perceived or actual changes to the UK’s economic and political relations with the EU. The UK’s withdrawal could result in lower growth for companies in the UK, EU and globally, which could have an adverse effect on the value of a Fund’s investments. A Fund may make investments in the UK (during the transition period and afterwards), other EU members and in non-EU countries that are directly or indirectly affected by the exit of the UK from the EU. Any or all of these challenges may affect the value of a Fund’s investments economically tied to the UK or EU and may have an adverse effect on the Fund’s performance. Additionally, the willingness or ability of financial and other counterparties to enter into transactions may be affected by the UK’s withdrawal.
An increasingly assertive Russia poses its own set of risks for the EU, as evidenced by the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 and the ongoing Russian-Ukraine conflict. Opposition to EU expansion to members of the former Soviet bloc may prompt more intervention by Russia in the affairs of its neighbors. This interventionist stance may carry various negative consequences, including direct effects, such as export restrictions on Russia’s natural resources, Russian support for separatist groups of pro-Russian parties located in EU countries, Russian interference in the internal political affairs of current or potential EU members or the EU itself, externalities of ongoing conflict, such as an influx of refugees from Ukraine and Syria, or collateral damage to foreign assets in conflict zones, all of which could negatively impact EU economic activity.
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Investment in Japan
Government-industry cooperation, a strong work ethic, mastery of high technology, emphasis on education, and a comparatively small defense allocation helped Japan advance with extraordinary speed to become one of the largest economic powers along with the United States and the EU. Despite its impressive history, investors face special risks when investing in Japan.
The growth of Japan’s economy has recently lagged that of its Asian neighbors and other major developed countries. Since the early 2000s, Japan’s economic growth rate has remained low relative to other advanced economies and may remain low in the future. The Japanese economy is heavily reliant on international trade and has been adversely affected in the past by trade tariffs, other protectionist measures, competition from emerging economies, and the economic conditions of its trading partners. In addition, China has become an important trading partner with Japan. Japan’s political relationship with China, however, is strained and delicate. Should political tension increase, it could adversely affect the Japanese economy and destabilize the region as a whole. Japan is also heavily dependent on oil and other commodity imports, and higher commodity prices could therefore have a negative impact on the Japanese economy. Although Japan has recently worked to reduce its dependence on oil by encouraging energy conservation and the use of alternative fuels, there is no guarantee that this trend will continue. The yen has had a history of unpredictable and volatile movements against the U.S. dollar; a weakening yen hurts U.S. investors holding yen-denominated securities. The Japanese stock market has also experienced wild swings in value over time and has often been considered significantly overvalued. Furthermore, Japan’s economic growth rate could be impacted by the Bank of Japan’s monetary policies, changing interest rates and global inflation, tax increases, budget deficits and volatility in the yen.
Beginning in the late 1990s, the nation’s financial institutions were successfully overhauled under the strong leadership of the government. The successful financial sector reform coincided with a Japanese economic recovery, which had set the stage for a comparatively brighter outlook for Japanese companies. However, Japan has an aging workforce and has experienced a significant population decline in recent years. Japan’s labor market appears to be undergoing fundamental structural changes, as a labor market traditionally accustomed to lifetime employment adjusts to meet the need for increased labor mobility, which may affect Japan’s economic competitiveness.
Japan is susceptible to natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis, and a Fund’s investment in Japan may be more likely to be affected by such events than its investments in other geographic regions. There are special risks associated with investments in Japan, including foreign trade policy, regional economic disruption, government debt, aging and shrinking of the population, an uncertain financial sector, economic, political or social instability, low domestic consumption and certain corporate structural weaknesses.
Investment in Asia Other Than Japan
The political history of some Asian countries has been characterized by political uncertainty, intervention by the military in civilian and economic spheres, regional conflicts and government corruption. Such developments, if they continue to occur, could reverse favorable trends toward market and economic reform, privatization, and removal of trade barriers and result in significant disruption in securities markets. The economies of many countries in the region are heavily dependent on international trade and are accordingly affected by protective trade barriers and the economic conditions of their trading partners, principally, the United States, Japan, China and the EU.
Unlike in the United States, the currencies of certain Asian countries are not determined by the market but are instead managed at artificial levels to the U.S. dollar. This type of system can lead to sudden and large adjustments in the currency which, in turn, can have a disruptive and negative effect on foreign investors. Certain Asian countries also may restrict the free conversion of their currency into foreign currencies, including the U.S. dollar. There is no significant foreign exchange market for certain currencies and it would, as a result, be difficult for the Funds to engage in foreign currency transactions designed to protect the value of the Funds’ interests in securities denominated in such currencies.
Asian countries have historically been prone to natural disasters, such as droughts, floods and tsunamis, and the region’s economies may be affected by such environmental events in the future. Given the particular vulnerability of the region to the effects of climate change, disruptions in international efforts to address climate-related issues may have a disproportionate impact on a Fund’s investments in the region. A Fund’s investment in or exposure to Asian countries is, therefore, subject to the risk of such events.
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By investing in securities or instruments that are economically tied to the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”) excluding Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan for the purpose of this disclosure or other developing market Asian countries, a Fund is subject to certain risks in addition to those generally applicable to investment in foreign and emerging markets. In many Asian securities markets, including but not limited to the PRC qualified foreign institutional investors program (“FII” program, including the qualified foreign institutional investor (“QFII”) program based on recent PRC regulatory developments), there is a high concentration of market capitalization and trading volume in a small number of issuers representing a limited number of industries, as well as a high concentration of investors and financial intermediaries. Many of these markets also may be affected by developments with respect to more established markets in the region. Brokers in developing market Asian countries typically are fewer in number and less well capitalized than brokers in the United States. A number of Asian companies are also highly dependent on foreign loans for their operation, which could impose strict repayment term schedules and require significant economic and financial restructuring. In addition, there is a lack of clarity and more frequent changes in the laws and regulations in certain Asian countries compared to more developed international markets, and there could potentially be a lack of consistency in interpreting and applying the relevant regulations. These factors may severely restrict a Fund’s ability to pursue its investment objective or strategies, may result in fewer investment opportunities for a Fund and may have an adverse impact on the investment performance of a Fund.
Investment in securities or instruments that are economically tied to the PRC is also subject to the risk of political instability in the PRC. Including those risks associated with investing in emerging markets, a Fund’s investment in or exposure to the PRC is also subject to risks associated with, among other things, (a) inefficiencies resulting from erratic growth; (b) the unavailability of consistently-reliable economic data; (c) potentially high rates of inflation; (d) dependence on exports and international trade; (e) relatively high levels of asset price volatility; (f) potential shortage of liquidity and limited accessibility by foreign investors; (g) greater competition from regional economies; (h) fluctuations in currency exchange rates or currency devaluation by the PRC government or central bank, particularly in light of the relative lack of currency hedging instruments and controls on the ability to exchange local currency for U.S. dollars; (i) the relatively small size and absence of operating history of many PRC companies; (j) the developing nature of the legal and regulatory framework for securities markets, custody arrangements and commerce; (k) uncertainty and potential changes with respect to the rules and regulations of the FII program and other market access programs through which such investments are made; (l) the commitment of the PRC government to continue with its economic reforms; and (m) the fact that Chinese regulators may suspend trading in Chinese issuers (or permit such issuers to suspend trading) during market disruptions, and that such suspensions may be widespread. In addition, certain securities are, or may in the future become, restricted and a Fund may be forced to sell such restricted security and incur a loss as a result. In addition, the relationship between the PRC and Taiwan is particularly sensitive, and hostilities between the PRC and Taiwan may present a risk to a Fund’s investment in either the PRC or Taiwan. Moreover, as demonstrated by past protests in Hong Kong over political, economic, and legal freedoms, and the PRC government’s response to them, political uncertainty exists within Hong Kong and there is no guarantee that additional protests will not arise in the future. Hostilities between the PRC and Hong Kong may present a risk to a Fund’s investment in the PRC or Hong Kong.
There also exists control on foreign investment in the PRC and limitations on repatriation of invested capital. Under the FII program, which is a market access program through which PRC investments are made available, or through investments in companies listed on exchanges outside of the PRC that provide exposure to companies that are based or operated in the PRC, there are certain regulatory restrictions imposed, particularly on (without limitation) investment scope, repatriation of funds, foreign shareholding limit and account structure. Although the relevant regulations have recently been revised to relax regulatory restrictions on the onshore capital management by FIIs (including but not limited to removing the investment quota limit and simplifying routine repatriation of investment proceeds), it is a new development and is therefore subject to uncertainties as to whether and how it will be implemented in practice, especially at this early stage. On the other hand, the recently amended FII regulations are also enhancing ongoing supervision on FIIs in terms of information disclosure among other aspects. In particular, FIIs are required to procure their underlying clients (such as any Fund investing in PRC securities via FII program) to comply with PRC disclosure of interests rules and make the required disclosure on behalf of such underlying investors. As a result of PRC regulatory requirements, a Fund may be limited in its ability to invest in securities or instruments tied to the PRC and/or may be required to liquidate its holdings in securities or instruments tied to the PRC, including at an inopportune time. Under certain instances, such involuntary liquidations may result in losses for a
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Fund. In addition, securities exchanges in the PRC typically have the right to suspend or limit trading in any security traded on the relevant exchange. The PRC government or relevant PRC regulators may also implement policies that may adversely affect the PRC financial markets. Such suspensions, limitations or policies may have a negative impact on the performance of a Fund’s investments.
The PRC has historically been prone to natural or human disasters such as droughts, floods, pandemics, epidemics, earthquakes and tsunamis, and the region’s economy may be affected by such environmental events in the future. A Fund’s investment in the PRC is, therefore, subject to the risk of such events.
Investments in the PRC may subject a Fund’s investments to a number of tax rules, and the application of many of those rules may be uncertain. Moreover, the PRC has implemented a number of tax reforms in recent years, and may amend or revise its existing tax laws and/or procedures in the future, possibly with retroactive effect. Changes in applicable PRC tax law could reduce the after-tax profits of the Funds, directly or indirectly, including by reducing the after-tax profits of companies in the PRC in which a Fund invests. PRC taxes that may apply to a Fund’s investments include income tax or withholding tax on dividends, interest or gains earned by the Fund, business tax and stamp duty. Uncertainties in the PRC tax rules could result in unexpected tax liabilities for the Funds. In addition, because the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) is generally restricted from inspecting the audit work and practices of registered accountants in the PRC, there is the risk that material accounting and financial information about PRC issuers may be unavailable or unreliable. The PCAOB signed a Statement of Protocol with the China Securities Regulatory Commission and the Ministry of Finance of the PRC to grant the PCAOB access to inspect and investigate registered public accounting firms in mainland China and Hong Kong completely, consistent with U.S. law. To the extent the PCAOB remains unable to inspect audit work papers and practices of the PCAOB-registered accounting firms in China with respect to their audit work of U.S. reporting companies, such inability may impose significant additional risks associated with investments in China. Further, to the extent a Fund invests in the securities of a company whose securities become subject to a trading prohibition, the Fund’s ability to transact in such securities, and the liquidity of the securities, as well as their market price, would likely be adversely affected. Foreign companies listed on U.S. exchanges, including offshore companies that utilize a variable interest entity (“VIE”) structure, also could face delisting or other ramifications for failure to meet the requirements of the listing exchange, the SEC, the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board or other United States regulators, which could adversely affect the liquidity or value of the securities and have negative implications for U.S. investors and result in significant investment losses.
Variable Interest Entities
The Fund may invest in companies based or operated in China by investing through legal structures known as variable interest entities (“VIEs”). Certain Chinese companies have used VIEs in order to facilitate foreign investment without distributing ownership of the China-based companies primarily due to Chinese governmental restrictions on non-Chinese ownership of companies in certain industries and sectors. In such cases, the China-based operating company typically establishes an offshore company in another jurisdiction, and the offshore company enters into contractual arrangements (such as powers of attorney, equity pledge agreements, and other exclusive services or business cooperation agreements) with the China-based operating company. These contractual arrangements are intended to give the offshore company the ability to exercise power over and obtain economic rights from the China-based operating company. Shares of the offshore company, in turn, are listed and traded on exchanges outside of China and are available to non-Chinese investors such as the Fund. This arrangement allows non-Chinese investors to hold stock in the offshore company, rather than the China-based operating company, to obtain economic exposure without direct equity ownership.
VIE structures are longstanding and well known to officials and regulators in China. However, VIEs are not formally recognized under Chinese law. Intervention by the Chinese government with respect to VIEs could significantly affect the China-based operating company’s performance and the enforceability of the VIE’s contractual arrangements with the China-based company. There is a risk that China may cease to allow VIEs at any time or impose new restrictions on the structure. Investments involving a VIE may also pose additional risks because such investments are made through a company whose interests in the underlying operating company are established through contract rather than through direct equity ownership. For example, the non-Chinese offshore company’s contractual arrangement may be less effective than direct equity ownership, and the company may incur substantial costs to enforce the terms of the arrangements. Also, the terms of such arrangements may be deemed unenforceable in
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China, thus limiting (or eliminating) the remedies and rights available to the non-Chinese offshore company and its investors and potentially resulting in significant economic losses. Such legal uncertainty may also be exploited against the interests of the offshore company and its investors. Further, the interests of the equity owners of the operating company may conflict with the interests of the investors of the offshore company, and the fiduciary duties of the officers and directors of the operating company may differ from, or conflict with, the fiduciary duties of the officers and directors of the offshore company. Finally, there is the risk that an offshore company could face delisting or other ramifications for failure to meet the requirements of the listing exchange or United States regulators, which could adversely affect the liquidity or value of the securities and have negative implications for U.S. investors and result in significant investment losses. Any of the foregoing risks and events could negatively impact the Fund’s performance.
Currency Risk
By investing in non-U.S. securities, the Fund will be subject to currency risk, which is the risk that an increase in the U.S. dollar relative to the non-U.S. currency will reduce returns or portfolio value. Generally, when the U.S. dollar rises in value relative to a non-U.S. currency, the Fund’s investment in securities denominated in that currency will lose value because its currency is worth fewer U.S. dollars. On the other hand, when the value of the U.S. dollar falls relative to a non-U.S. currency, the Fund’s investments denominated in that currency will tend to increase in value because that currency is worth more U.S. dollars. The exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and non-U.S. currencies depend upon such factors as supply and demand in the currency exchange markets, international balance of payments, governmental intervention, speculation and other economic and political conditions. Although the Fund values its assets daily in U.S. dollars, the Fund may not convert their holdings of non-U.S. currencies to U.S. dollars on a daily basis. The Fund may incur conversion costs when they convert their holdings to another currency. Non-U.S. exchange dealers may realize a profit on the difference between the price at which the Fund buys and sells currencies. The Fund may engage in non-U.S. currency exchange transactions in connection with their portfolio investments. The Fund conduct their non-U.S. currency exchange transactions either on a spot (i.e., cash) basis at the spot rate prevailing in the non-U.S. currency exchange market or through forward contracts to purchase or sell non-U.S. contracts. The Fund may also be subject to currency risk through investments in ADRs and other non-U.S. securities denominated in U.S. dollars.
Sovereign Debt Obligations. The Fund may invest in sovereign debt obligations. Sovereign debt obligations involve special risks that are not present in corporate debt obligations. The foreign issuer of the sovereign debt or the foreign governmental authorities that control the repayment of the debt may be unable or unwilling to repay principal or interest when due, and the Fund may have limited recourse in the event of a default. During periods of economic uncertainty, the market prices of sovereign debt, and the Fund’s NAV, to the extent it invests in such securities, may be more volatile than prices of debt obligations of U.S. issuers. In the past, certain foreign countries have encountered difficulties in servicing their debt obligations, withheld payments of principal and interest and declared moratoria on the payment of principal and interest on their sovereign debt. A sovereign debtor’s willingness or ability to repay principal and pay interest in a timely manner may be affected by, among other factors, its cash flow situation, the extent of its foreign currency reserves, the availability of sufficient foreign exchange, the relative size of the debt service burden, the sovereign debtor’s policy toward principal international lenders and local political constraints. Sovereign debtors may also be dependent on expected disbursements from foreign governments, multilateral agencies and other entities to reduce principal and interest arrearages on their debt. The failure of a sovereign debtor to implement economic reforms, achieve specified levels of economic performance or repay principal or interest when due may result in the cancellation of third party commitments to lend funds to the sovereign debtor, which may further impair such debtor’s ability or willingness to service its debts.
Supranational Securities. The Fund may invest in securities issued by supranational entities. A supranational entity is formed by two or more central governments to promote economic development for the member countries. Supranational entities finance their activities by issuing bond debt and are usually considered part of the sub-sovereign debt market. Some well-known examples of supranational entities are the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, European Investment Bank, Asian Development Bank, Inter-American Development Bank and other regional multilateral development banks. These securities are subject to varying degrees of credit risk and interest rate risk.
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Other Investment Companies and Other Pooled Investment Vehicles
The Fund may invest in other investment companies, including open-end funds, closed-end funds, unit investment trusts, and ETFs registered under the 1940 Act (“1940 Act ETFs”). Under the 1940 Act, the Fund’s investment in such securities is generally limited to 3% of the total voting stock of any one investment company; 5% of the Fund’s total assets with respect to any one investment company; and 10% of the Fund’s total assets in the aggregate. 1940 Act ETFs, however, may rely on Rule 12d1-4 under the 1940 Act to invest beyond these statutory limits, subject to certain conditions and pursuant to contractual arrangements between the ETFs and the investing funds. The Fund will only invest in other investment companies and pooled investment vehicles that invest primarily in Fund-eligible investments. The Fund’s investments in other investment companies may include money market mutual funds. Investments in money market funds are not subject to the percentage limitations set forth above.
The Fund may invest in index ETFs, which are index funds bought and sold on a securities exchange. An index ETF trades like common stock and represents a portfolio of securities designed to track a particular market index. ETFs can give exposure to all or a portion of the U.S. market, a foreign market, a region, a commodity, a currency, or to any other index that an ETF tracks. The risks of owning an ETF generally reflect the risks of owning the underlying securities they are designed to track, although lack of liquidity in an ETF could result in it being more volatile and ETFs have management fees that increase their costs. An ETF may fail to accurately track the returns of the market segment or index that it is designed to track, and the price of an ETF’s shares may fluctuate. In addition, because they, unlike traditional mutual funds, are traded on an exchange, ETFs are subject to the following risks: (i) the performance of the ETF may not replicate the performance of the underlying index that it is designed to track; (ii) the market price of the ETF’s shares may trade at a premium or discount to the ETF’s NAV; (iii) an active trading market for an ETF may not develop or be maintained; and (iv) there is no assurance that the requirements of the exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the ETF will continue to be met or remain unchanged. Trading in an ETF may be halted if the trading in one or more of the ETF’s underlying securities is halted, which could result in the ETF being more volatile. In the event substantial market or other disruptions affecting ETFs should occur in the future, the liquidity and value of the Fund’s shares could also be substantially and adversely affected.
If the Fund invests in other investment companies or pooled investment vehicles, Fund shareholders will bear not only their proportionate share of the Fund’s expenses, but also, indirectly, the similar expenses of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shareholders would also be exposed to the risks associated not only to the Fund, but also to the portfolio investments of the underlying investment companies or pooled investment vehicles. Shares of certain closed-end funds may at times be acquired at market prices representing premiums to their NAVs. Shares acquired at a premium to their NAV may be more likely to subsequently decline in price, resulting in a loss to the Fund and its shareholders.
EXCHANGE LISTING AND TRADING
A discussion of exchange listing and trading matters associated with an investment in the Fund is contained in the Prospectus under “Purchase and Sale of Shares.” The discussion below supplements, and should be read in conjunction with, such section of the Prospectus.
The Fund’s shares trade on the Listing Exchange at prices that may differ to some degree from their NAV. There can be no assurance that the requirements of the Listing Exchange necessary to maintain the listing of the Fund’s shares will continue to be met.
The Listing Exchange will consider the suspension of trading in, and will initiate delisting proceedings of, the Fund’s shares under any of the following circumstances: (1) if any of the requirements set forth in the Listing Exchange rules are not continuously maintained; (2) if, where the Listing Exchange has filed a separate proposal under Section 19(b) of the 1940 Act, any of the statements regarding (a) the description of the Fund; (b) limitations on the Fund’s portfolio holdings or reference assets; or (c) the applicability of the Listing Exchange listing rules specified in such proposal are not continuously maintained; (3) if, following the initial twelve-month period after the commencement of trading of the Fund on the Listing Exchange, there are fewer than 50 beneficial holders of the shares of the Fund for 30 or more consecutive trading days; or (4) if such other event shall occur or condition exists that, in the opinion of the Listing Exchange, makes further dealings on the Listing Exchange inadvisable. In addition, the Listing Exchange will remove the shares from listing and trading upon termination of the Trust or the Fund.
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The Trust reserves the right to adjust the share price of the Fund in the future to maintain convenient trading ranges for investors. Any adjustments would be accomplished through stock splits or reverse stock splits, which would have no effect on the net assets of the Fund.
As in the case of other publicly traded securities, brokers’ commissions on transactions in Fund shares will be based on negotiated commission rates at customary levels.
The base and trading currency of the Fund is the U.S. dollar. The base currency is the currency in which the Fund’s NAV per share is calculated and the trading currency is the currency in which shares of the Fund are listed and traded on the Listing Exchange.
MANAGEMENT
The management of the Trust, including general supervision of the duties performed for the Fund by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, is the responsibility of the Board. The number of trustees of the Trust is twelve, all of whom are not interested persons of the Funds as defined in Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act (referred to herein as “independent trustees”). None of the independent trustees has ever been a trustee, director or employee of, or consultant to, the Adviser or its affiliates. The names, business addresses and years of birth of the trustees and officers of the Fund, their principal occupations and other affiliations during the past five years, the number of portfolios each trustee oversees and other directorships they hold are set forth below. Except as noted in the table below, the trustees of the Trust are directors or trustees, as the case may be, of 212 Nuveen-sponsored registered investment companies (the “Nuveen Funds”), which include 147 open-end mutual funds, including the Funds (the “Nuveen Mutual Funds”), 46 closed-end funds and 19 Nuveen ETFs.
Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Independent Trustees: |
|||||
Joseph A. Boateng* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Chief Investment Officer, Casey Family Programs (since 2017), formerly, Director of U.S. Pension Plans Johnson & Johnson (2002-2006). |
191 |
Board Member, Lumina Foundation (since 2018) and Waterside School (since 2021), Board Member (2012-2019); Emeritus Board Member (since 2020), Year-Up Puget Sound Investment Advisory Committee Member and Former Chair (since 2007), Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System; Investment Committee Member (since 2012), The Seattle Foundation |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Michael A. Forrester* |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021) and Chief Operating Officer (2007-2014), Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC. |
191 |
Trustee (since 2019), Dexter Southfield School; Member (since 2020), Governing Council of the Independent Directors Counsel (IDC). |
Thomas J. Kenny |
Co-Chair of the |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head of Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management Team (2002-2010), Goldman Sachs Asset Management. |
212 |
Director (since 2015) and Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee (since 2018), Aflac Incorporated; Director (since 2018), ParentSquare, former Director (2012-2022) and Finance Committee Chair (2016-2022) Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member (2017-2019), B’Box Former Member (2011-2022), the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member (2012-2020), Cottage Health System; Board Member (2009-2019) and Former President of the Board (2014-2018) of Crane County Day School. |
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, IDC (supports the fund independent director community and is part of the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies) (2006-2019); formerly, various positions with ICI (1989-2006). |
212 |
President (since 2023) and Member (since 2020) of the Board of Directors, Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Joanne T. Medero |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Managing Director, Government Relations and Public Policy (2009-2020) and Senior Advisor to the Vice Chairman (2018-2020), BlackRock, Inc. (global investment management firm); formerly, Managing Director, Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy, Barclays Group (IBIM) (investment banking, investment management businesses) (2006-2009); formerly, Managing Director, Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary, Barclays Global Investors (global investment management firm) (1996-2006); formerly, Partner, Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP (law firm) (1993-1995); formerly, General Counsel, Commodity Futures Trading Commission (government agency overseeing U.S. derivatives markets) (1989-1993); formerly, Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs, Office of Presidential Personnel, The White House (1986-1989). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors, Baltic-American Freedom Foundation (seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic states to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the U.S.) (since 2019). |
Albin F. Moschner |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Founder and Chief Executive Officer, Northcroft Partners, LLC, (management consulting), (since 2012); formerly, held positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc.,(consumer wireless service) including Consultant (2011-2012), Chief Operating Officer (2008-2011) and Chief Marketing Officer (2004-2008); formerly, President, Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc.(telecommunications services) (2000-2003); formerly, President, One Point Services at One Point Communications (telecommunications services) (1999-2000); formerly, Vice Chairman of the Board, Diba, Incorporated (internet technology provider) (1996-1997); formerly, various executive positions (1991-1996) and Chief Executive Officer (1995-1996) of Zenith Electronics Corporation (consumer electronics). |
212 |
Formerly, Chairman (2019), Director (2012-2019), USA Technologies, Inc. (a provider of solutions and services to facilitate electronic payment transactions); formerly, Director, Wintrust Financial Corporation (1996-2016). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
John K. Nelson |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, senior external advisor to the Financial Services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP (2012-2014); Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO Bank N.V., North America, and Global Head of the Financial Markets Division (2007-2008), with various executive leadership roles in ABN AMRO Bank N.V. between 1996 and 2007. |
212 |
Member of Board of Directors (since 2008) of Core12 LLC (private firm which develops branding, marketing and communications strategies for clients); formerly, Member of the President’s Council (2010-2019) of Fordham University; formerly, Director (2009-2018) of the Curran Center for Catholic American Studies. |
Loren M. Starr** |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Independent Consultant/Advisor (since 2021). Formerly, Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director (2020-2021), Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director (2005-2020), Invesco Ltd. |
211 |
Director (since 2023), AMG; formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Directors (2014-2021), Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); formerly, Chair and Member of the Board of Trustees (2014-2018), Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). |
Matthew Thornton III |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2018-2019), FedEx Freight Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”) (provider of transportation, e-commerce and business services through its portfolio of companies); formerly, Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations (2006-2018), Federal Express Corporation, a subsidiary of FedEx. |
212 |
Member of the Board of Directors (since 2014), The Sherwin-Williams Company (develops, manufactures, distributes and sells paints, coatings and related products); Director (since 2020), Crown Castle International (provider of communications infrastructure); formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2012-2018), Safe Kids Worldwide® (a non-profit organization dedicated to preventing childhood injuries). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Terence J. Toth |
Co-Chair of the |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Co-Founding Partner, Promus Capital (investment advisory firm) (2008-2017); formerly, Director of Quality Control Corporation (manufacturing) (2012-2021); formerly, Director, Fulcrum IT Service LLC (information technology services firm to government entities) (2010-2019); formerly, Director, LogicMark LLC (health services) (2012-2016); formerly, Director, Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. (asset management) (2008-2013); formerly, CEO and President, Northern Trust Global Investments (financial services) (2004-2007); Executive Vice President, Quantitative Management & Securities Lending (2000- 2004); prior thereto, various positions with Northern Trust Company (financial services) (since 1994). |
212 |
Chair of the Board (since 2021) of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2008), Catalyst Schools of Chicago (philanthropy); Member of the Board of Directors (since 2012), formerly, Investment Committee Chair (2017-2022), Mather Foundation (philanthropy); formerly, Member (2005-2016), Chicago Fellowship Board (philanthropy); formerly, Member Northern Trust Mutual Funds Board (2005-2007), Northern Trust Global Investments Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Japan Board (2004-2007), Northern Trust Securities Inc. Board (2003-2007) and Northern Trust Hong Kong Board (1997-2004). |
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Name, Business Address |
Position(s) Held |
Term of Office |
Principal Occupation(s) |
Number of |
Other |
Margaret L. Wolff |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Of Counsel (2005-2014), Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP (Mergers & Acquisitions Group) (legal services). |
212 |
Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2005), New York-Presbyterian Hospital; Member of the Board of Trustees (since 2004) formerly, Chair (2015-2022), The John A. Hartford Foundation (philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults); formerly, Member (2005-2015) and Vice Chair (2011-2015) of the Board of Trustees of Mt. Holyoke College; formerly, Member of the Board of Directors (2013-2017) of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each, a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). |
Robert L. Young |
Trustee |
Term—Indefinite |
Formerly, Chief Operating Officer and Director, J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (financial services) (2010-2016); formerly, President and Principal Executive Officer (2013-2016), and Senior Vice President and Chief Operating Officer (2005-2010), of J.P. Morgan Funds; formerly, Director and various officer positions for J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (formerly, JPMorgan Funds Management, Inc. and formerly, One Group Administrative Services) and JPMorgan Distribution Services, Inc. (financial services) (formerly, One Group Dealer Services, Inc.) (1999-2017). |
212 |
None |
*Mr. Boateng and Mr. Forrester were each elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Core Equity Alpha Fund, Nuveen Core Plus Impact Fund, Nuveen Credit Strategies Income Fund, Nuveen Dow 30SM Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Floating Rate Income Fund, Nuveen Global High Income Fund, Nuveen Minnesota Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Missouri Quality Municipal Income Fund, Nuveen Mortgage and Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Asset Income Fund, Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, Nuveen Municipal Credit Opportunities Fund, Nuveen NASDAQ 100 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen Preferred and Income Term Fund, Nuveen Preferred & Income Opportunities Fund, Nuveen Real Asset Income and Growth Fund, Nuveen Real Estate Income Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Dynamic Overwrite Fund, Nuveen S&P 500 Buy-Write Income Fund, Nuveen Variable Rate Preferred & Income Fund, and Nuveen Virginia Quality Municipal Income Fund, for which each serves as a consultant.
**Mr. Starr was elected or appointed as a board member of each of the Nuveen Funds except Nuveen Multi-Market Income Fund, for which he serves as a consultant.
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Board Leadership Structure and Risk Oversight
The Board oversees the operations and management of the Nuveen Funds, including the duties performed for the Nuveen Funds by the Adviser or its affiliates. The Board has adopted a unitary board structure. A unitary board consists of one group of trustees who serve on the board of every fund in the Nuveen Fund complex (except with respect to certain Nuveen Funds where certain trustees may instead serve as consultants, as indicated in the “Independent Trustees” table included herein). In adopting a unitary board structure, the trustees seek to provide effective governance through establishing a board, the overall composition of which will, as a body, possess the appropriate skills, diversity (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), independence and experience to oversee the Nuveen Funds’ business. With this overall framework in mind, when the Board, through its Nominating and Governance Committee discussed below, seeks nominees for the Board, the trustees consider, not only the candidate’s particular background, skills and experience, among other things, but also whether such background, skills and experience enhance the Board’s diversity and at the same time complement the Board given its current composition and the mix of skills and experiences of the incumbent trustees. The Nominating and Governance Committee believes that the Board generally benefits from diversity of background (including, among other things, gender, race and ethnicity), skills, experience and views among its members, and considers this a factor in evaluating the composition of the Board, but has not adopted any specific policy on diversity or any particular definition of diversity.
The Board believes the unitary board structure enhances good and effective governance, particularly given the nature of the structure of the investment company complex. Funds in the same complex generally are served by the same service providers and personnel and are governed by the same regulatory scheme which raises common issues that must be addressed by the trustees across the fund complex (such as compliance, valuation, liquidity, brokerage, trade allocation or risk management). The Board believes it is more efficient to have a single board review and oversee common policies and procedures which increases the Board’s knowledge and expertise with respect to the many aspects of fund operations that are complex-wide in nature. The unitary structure also enhances the Board’s influence and oversight over the Adviser and other service providers.
In an effort to enhance the independence of the Board, the Board also has Co-Chairs that are independent trustees. The Board recognizes that a chair can perform an important role in setting the agenda for the Board, establishing the boardroom culture, establishing a point person on behalf of the Board for fund management, and reinforcing the Board’s focus on the long-term interests of shareholders. The Board recognizes that a chair may be able to better perform these functions without any conflicts of interests arising from a position with fund management. Accordingly, the trustees have elected (i) Thomas J. Kenny to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a one-year term ending on December 31, 2024, (ii) Terence J. Toth to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, and (iii) Robert L. Young to serve as an independent Co-Chair of the Board for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024. Each of these individuals will also serve as Co-Chairs of the boards of the TC Funds for the same terms. Specific responsibilities of the Co-Chair include: (i) coordinating with fund management in the preparation of the agenda for each meeting of the Board; (ii) presiding at all meetings of the Board and of the shareholders; and (iii) serving as a liaison with
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other trustees, the Trust’s officers and other fund management personnel, and counsel to the independent trustees. The Co-Chairs perform such other duties as the Board may from time to time determine.
Although the Board has direct responsibility over various matters (such as advisory contracts and underwriting contracts), the Board also exercises certain of its oversight responsibilities through several committees that it has established and which report back to the full Board. The Board believes that a committee structure is an effective means to permit trustees to focus on particular operations or issues affecting the Nuveen Funds, including risk oversight. More specifically, with respect to risk oversight, the Board has delegated matters relating to valuation, compliance and investment risk to certain committees (as summarized below). In addition, the Board believes that the periodic rotation of trustees among the different committees allows the trustees to gain additional and different perspectives of a Nuveen Fund’s operations. The Board has established seven standing committees: the Executive Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Audit Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Investment Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee. The Board may also from time to time create ad hoc committees to focus on particular issues as the need arises. The membership and functions of the standing committees are summarized below. For more information on the Board, please visit www.nuveen.com/fundgovernance.
The Executive Committee, which may meet between regular meetings of the Board, is authorized to exercise all of the powers of the Board. The Executive Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Executive Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Executive Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Executive Committee did not meet.
The Audit Committee assists the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the accounting and financial reporting policies, processes and practices of the Nuveen Funds, and the audits of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the quality and integrity of the financial statements of the Nuveen Funds; the Nuveen Funds’ compliance with legal and regulatory requirements relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements; the independent auditors’ qualifications, performance and independence; and the Valuation Policy of the Nuveen Funds and the internal valuation group of the Adviser, as valuation designee for the Nuveen Funds. It is the responsibility of the Audit Committee to select, evaluate and replace any independent auditors (subject only to Board approval and, if applicable, shareholder ratification) and to determine their compensation. The Audit Committee is also responsible for, among other things, overseeing the valuation of securities comprising the Nuveen Funds’ portfolios. The Audit Committee is also primarily responsible for the oversight of the Valuation Policy and actions taken by the Adviser, as valuation designee of the Funds, through its internal valuation group, which provides regular reports to the committee, reviews any issues relating to the valuation of the Nuveen Funds’ securities brought to its attention and considers the risks to the Nuveen Funds in assessing the possible resolutions to these matters. The Audit Committee may also consider any financial risk exposures for the Nuveen Funds in conjunction with performing its functions.
To fulfill its oversight duties, the Audit Committee regularly meets with Management to discuss the Nuveen Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports and has regular meetings with the external auditors for the Nuveen Funds and the Adviser’s internal audit group. In assessing financial risk disclosure, the Audit Committee also may review in a general manner the processes the Board or other Board committees have in place with respect to risk assessment and risk management as well as compliance with legal and regulatory matters relating to the Nuveen Funds’ financial statements. The Audit Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. Members of the Audit Committee shall be independent (as set forth in the charter) and free of any relationship that, in the opinion of the trustees, would interfere with their exercise of independent judgment as an Audit Committee member. The members of the Audit Committee are Mr. Nelson, Chair, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Starr, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young, each of whom is an independent trustee of the Nuveen Funds. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr and Mr. Young have each been designated as an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by the SEC rules. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Audit Committee met fourteen times.
The Nominating and Governance Committee is responsible for seeking, identifying and recommending to the Board qualified candidates for election or appointment to the Board. In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee oversees matters of corporate governance, including the evaluation of Board performance and processes, the assignment and rotation of committee members,
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and the establishment of corporate governance guidelines and procedures, to the extent necessary or desirable, and matters related thereto. Although the unitary and committee structure has been developed over the years and the Nominating and Governance Committee believes the structure has provided efficient and effective governance, the committee recognizes that as demands on the Board evolve over time (such as through an increase in the number of funds overseen or an increase in the complexity of the issues raised), the committee must continue to evaluate the Board and committee structures and their processes and modify the foregoing as may be necessary or appropriate to continue to provide effective governance. Accordingly, the Nominating and Governance Committee has a separate meeting each year to, among other things, review the Board and committee structures, their performance and functions, and recommend any modifications thereto or alternative structures or processes that would enhance the Board’s governance of the Nuveen Funds.
In addition, the Nominating and Governance Committee, among other things, makes recommendations concerning the continuing education of trustees; monitors performance of legal counsel and other service providers; establishes and monitors a process by which security holders are able to communicate in writing with members of the Board; and periodically reviews and makes recommendations about any appropriate changes to trustee compensation. In the event of a vacancy on the Board, the Nominating and Governance Committee receives suggestions from various sources, including shareholders, as to suitable candidates. Suggestions should be sent in writing to William Siffermann, Manager of Fund Board Relations, Nuveen, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606. The Nominating and Governance Committee sets appropriate standards and requirements for nominations for new trustees and reserves the right to interview any and all candidates and to make the final selection of any new trustees. In considering a candidate’s qualifications, each candidate must meet certain basic requirements, including relevant skills and experience, time availability (including the time requirements for due diligence meetings to internal and external sub-advisers and service providers) and, if qualifying as an independent trustee candidate, independence from the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and other service providers, including any affiliates of these entities. These skill and experience requirements may vary depending on the current composition of the Board, since the goal is to ensure an appropriate range of skills, diversity and experience, in the aggregate. Accordingly, the particular factors considered and weight given to these factors will depend on the composition of the Board and the skills and backgrounds of the incumbent trustees at the time of consideration of the nominees. All candidates, however, must meet high expectations of personal integrity, independence, governance experience and professional competence. All candidates must be willing to be critical within the Board and with management and yet maintain a collegial and collaborative manner toward other Board members. The committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Nuveen Funds. The members of the Nominating and Governance Committee are Mr. Kenny and Mr. Toth, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Ms. Lancellotta, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. On July 1, 2024, Mr. Young will replace Mr. Toth as Co-Chair of the Nominating and Governance Committee. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Nominating and Governance Committee met seven times.
The Dividend Committee is authorized to declare distributions on the Nuveen Funds’ shares, including, but not limited to, regular and special dividends, capital gains and ordinary income distributions. The members of the Dividend Committee are Mr. Thornton, Chair, Ms. Lancellotta, Mr. Nelson and Mr. Starr. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Dividend Committee met four times.
The Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee (the “Compliance Committee”) is responsible for the oversight of compliance issues, risk management and other regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds that are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other committees. The Board has adopted and periodically reviews policies and procedures designed to address the Nuveen Funds’ compliance and risk matters. As part of its duties, the Compliance Committee reviews the policies and procedures relating to compliance matters and recommends modifications thereto as necessary or appropriate to the full Board; develops new policies and procedures as new regulatory matters affecting the Nuveen Funds arise from time to time; evaluates or considers any comments or reports from examinations from regulatory authorities and responses thereto; and performs any special reviews, investigations or other oversight responsibilities relating to risk management, compliance and/or regulatory matters as requested by the Board.
In addition, the Compliance Committee is responsible for risk oversight, including, but not limited to, the oversight of general risks related to investments which are not reviewed by other committees, such
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as liquidity and derivatives usage; risks related to product structure elements, such as leverage; techniques that may be used to address the foregoing risks, such as hedging and swaps and Fund operational risk and risks related to the overall operation of the TIAA/Nuveen enterprise and, in each case, the controls designed to address or mitigate such risks. In assessing issues brought to the Compliance Committee’s attention or in reviewing a particular policy, procedure, investment technique or strategy, the Compliance Committee evaluates the risks to the Nuveen Funds in adopting a particular approach compared to the anticipated benefits to the Nuveen Funds and their shareholders. In fulfilling its obligations, the Compliance Committee meets on a quarterly basis, and at least once a year in person. The Compliance Committee receives written and oral reports from the Nuveen Funds’ Chief Compliance Officer (“CCO”) and meets privately with the CCO at each of its quarterly meetings. The CCO also provides an annual report to the full Board regarding the operations of the Nuveen Funds’ and other service providers’ compliance programs as well as any recommendations for modifications thereto. Certain matters not addressed at the committee level may be addressed by another committee or directly by the full Board. The Compliance Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Compliance Committee are Ms. Wolff, Chair, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Lancellota, Ms. Medero, Mr. Thornton and Mr. Toth. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Compliance Committee met four times.
The Investment Committee is responsible for the oversight of Fund performance, investment risk management and other portfolio-related matters affecting the Fund which are not otherwise the jurisdiction of the other Board committees. As part of such oversight, the Investment Committee reviews the Fund’s investment performance and investment risks, which may include, but is not limited to, an evaluation of Fund performance relative to investment objectives, benchmarks and a peer group; a review of risks related to portfolio investments, such as exposures to particular issuers, market sectors, or types of securities, as well as consideration of other factors that could impact or are related to Fund performance; and an assessment of Fund objectives, policies and practices as such may relate to Fund performance. In assessing issues brought to the Investment Committee’s attention or in reviewing an investment policy, technique or strategy, the Investment Committee evaluates the risks to the Fund in adopting or recommending a particular approach or resolution compared to the anticipated benefits to the Fund and its shareholders.
In fulfilling its obligations, the Investment Committee receives quarterly reports from the investment oversight and the investment risk groups at Nuveen. Such groups also report to the full Board on a quarterly basis and the full Board participates in further discussions with Fund management at its quarterly meetings regarding matters relating to Fund performance and investment risks, including with respect to the various drivers of performance and Fund use of leverage and hedging. Accordingly, the Board directly and/or in conjunction with the Investment Committee oversees the investment performance and investment risk management of the Fund. The Investment Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. This Investment Committee is composed of the independent trustees of the Fund. Accordingly, the members of the Investment Committee are Mr. Boateng and Ms. Lancellotta, Co-Chairs, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny, Ms. Medero, Mr. Moschner, Mr. Nelson, Mr. Starr, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth, Ms. Wolff and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Investment Committee met three times.
The Open-End Funds Committee is responsible for assisting the Board in the oversight and monitoring of the Nuveen Mutual Funds and the Nuveen ETFs (collectively, the “Nuveen Open-End Funds”). The committee may review and evaluate matters related to the formation and the initial presentation to the Board of any new Nuveen Open-End Funds and may review and evaluate any matters relating to any existing Nuveen Open-End Funds. The Open-End Funds Committee operates under a written charter adopted and approved by the Board. The members of the Open-End Funds Committee are Mr. Forrester and Ms. Medero, Co-Chairs, Mr. Boateng, Mr. Kenny, Mr. Thornton, Mr. Toth and Mr. Young. During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Open-End Funds Committee met four times.
Board Diversification and Trustee Qualifications
In determining that a particular trustee was qualified to serve on the Board, the Board has considered each trustee’s background, skills, experience and other attributes in light of the composition of the Board with no particular factor controlling. The Board believes that trustees need to have the ability to critically review, evaluate, question and discuss information provided to them, and to interact effectively with Fund management, service providers and counsel, in order to exercise effective business judgment in the performance of their duties, and the Board believes each trustee satisfies this standard. An effective trustee may achieve this ability through his or her educational background; business,
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professional training or practice; public service or academic positions; experience from service as a board member or executive of investment funds, public companies or significant private or not-for-profit entities or other organizations; and/or other life experiences. Accordingly, set forth below is a summary of the experiences, qualifications, attributes, and skills that led to the conclusion, as of the date of this document, that each trustee should continue to serve in that capacity. References to the experiences, qualifications, attributes and skills of trustees are pursuant to requirements of the SEC, do not constitute holding out of the Board or any trustee as having any special expertise or experience and shall not impose any greater responsibility or liability on any such person or on the Board by reason thereof.
Joseph A. Boateng
Since 2007, Mr. Boateng has served as the Chief Investment Officer for Casey Family Programs. He was previously Director of U.S. Pension Plans for Johnson & Johnson from 2002 to 2006. Mr. Boateng is a board member of the Lumina Foundation and Waterside School, an emeritus board member of Year Up Puget Sound, member of the Investment Advisory Committee and former Chair for the Seattle City Employees’ Retirement System, and an Investment Committee Member for The Seattle Foundation. Mr. Boateng received a B.S. from the University of Ghana and an M.B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles.
Michael A. Forrester
From 2007 to 2021, Mr. Forrester held various positions with Copper Rock Capital Partners, LLC (“Cooper Rock”), including Chief Executive Officer (2014-2021), Chief Operating Officer (“COO”) (2007-2014) and Board Member (2007-2021). Mr. Forrester is currently a member of the Independent Directors Council Governing Council of the Investment Company Institute. He also serves on the Board of Trustees of the Dexter Southfield School. Mr. Forrester has a B.A. from Washington and Lee University.
Thomas J. Kenny
Mr. Kenny, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a one-year term expiring on December 31, 2024, served as an Advisory Director (2010-2011), Partner (2004-2010), Managing Director (1999-2004) and Co-Head (2002-2010) of Goldman Sachs Asset Management’s Global Cash and Fixed Income Portfolio Management team, having worked at Goldman Sachs since 1999. Mr. Kenny is a Director and the Chair of the Finance and Investment Committee of Aflac Incorporated and a Director of ParentSquare. He is a Former Director and Finance Committee Chair for the Sansum Clinic; Former Advisory Board Member, B’Box; Former Member of the University of California at Santa Barbara Arts and Lectures Advisory Council; Former Investment Committee Member, Cottage Health System; and Former President of the Board of Crane Country Day School. He received a B.A. from the University of California, Santa Barbara, and an M.S. from Golden Gate University. He is a Chartered Financial Analyst and has served as Chairman of CREF since 2017.
Amy B.R. Lancellotta
After 30 years of service, Ms. Lancellotta retired at the end of 2019 from the Investment Company Institute (ICI), which represents regulated investment companies on regulatory, legislative and securities industry initiatives that affect funds and their shareholders. From November 2006 until her retirement, Ms. Lancellotta served as Managing Director of ICI’s Independent Directors Council (IDC), which supports fund independent directors in fulfilling their responsibilities to promote and protect the interests of fund shareholders. At IDC, Ms. Lancellotta was responsible for all ICI and IDC activities relating to the fund independent director community. In conjunction with her responsibilities, Ms. Lancellotta advised and represented IDC, ICI, independent directors and the investment company industry on issues relating to communication, governance and policy initiatives. Prior to serving as Managing Director of IDC, Ms. Lancellotta held various other positions with ICI beginning in 1989. Before joining ICI, Ms. Lancellotta was an associate at two Washington D.C. law firms. In addition, she has been President, since 2023, and a member, since 2020, of the Board of Directors of the Jewish Coalition Against Domestic Abuse (JCADA), an organization that seeks to end power-based violence, empower survivors and ensure safe communities. Ms. Lancellotta received a B.A. degree from Pennsylvania State University in 1981 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1984.
Joanne T. Medero
Ms. Medero has over 30 years of financial services experience and, most recently, from December 2009 until her retirement in July, 2020, she was a Managing Director in the Government Relations and Public Policy Group at BlackRock, Inc. (BlackRock). From July 2018 to July 2020, she was
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also a Senior Advisor to BlackRock’s Vice Chairman, focusing on public policy and corporate governance issues. In 1996, Ms. Medero joined Barclays Global Investors (BGI), which merged with BlackRock in 2009. At BGI, she was a Managing Director and served as Global General Counsel and Corporate Secretary until 2006. Then, from 2006 to 2009, Ms. Medero was a Managing Director and Global Head of Government Relations and Public Policy at Barclays Group (IBIM), where she provided policy guidance and directed legislative and regulatory advocacy programs for the investment banking, investment management and wealth management businesses. Before joining BGI, Ms. Medero was a Partner at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP from 1993 to 1995, where she specialized in derivatives and financial markets regulation issues. Additionally, she served as General Counsel of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) from 1989 to 1993 and, from 1986 to 1989, she was Deputy Associate Director/Associate Director for Legal and Financial Affairs at The White House Office of Presidential Personnel. Further, from 2006 to 2010, Ms. Medero was a member of the CFTC Global Markets Advisory Committee and she has been actively involved in financial industry associations, serving as Chair of the Steering Committee of the SIFMA (Securities Industry and Financial Markets Association) Asset Management Group (2016-2018) and Chair of the CTA (Commodity Trading Advisor), CPO (Commodity Pool Operator) and Futures Committee of the Managed Funds Association (2010-2012). Ms. Medero also chaired the Corporations, Antitrust and Securities Practice Group of The Federalist Society of Law and Public Policy (from 2000 to 2002 and 2010 to 2022). In addition, since 2019, she has been a member of the Board of Directors of the Baltic-American Freedom Foundation, which seeks to provide opportunities for citizens of the Baltic States to gain education and professional development through exchanges in the United States. Ms. Medero received a B.A. degree from St. Lawrence University in 1975 and a J.D. degree from the National Law Center, George Washington University (currently known as George Washington University Law School) in 1978.
Albin F. Moschner
Mr. Moschner is a consultant in the wireless industry and, in July 2012, founded Northcroft Partners, LLC, a management consulting firm that provides operational, management and governance solutions. Prior to founding Northcroft Partners, LLC, Mr. Moschner held various positions at Leap Wireless International, Inc., a provider of wireless services, where he was a consultant from February 2011 to July 2012, Chief Operating Officer from July 2008 to February 2011, and Chief Marketing Officer from August 2004 to June 2008. Before he joined Leap Wireless International, Inc., Mr. Moschner was President of the Verizon Card Services division of Verizon Communications, Inc. from 2000 to 2003, and President of One Point Services at One Point Communications from 1999 to 2000. Mr. Moschner also served at Zenith Electronics Corporation as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer from 1995 to 1996, and as Director, President and Chief Operating Officer from 1994 to 1995. Mr. Moschner was Chairman of the Board (2019) and a member of the Board of Directors (2012-2019) of USA Technologies, Inc. and, from 1996 until 2016, he was a member of the Board of Directors of Wintrust Financial Corporation. In addition, he is emeritus (since 2018) of the Advisory Boards of the Kellogg School of Management (1995-2018) and the Archdiocese of Chicago Financial Council (2012-2018). Mr. Moschner received a Bachelor of Engineering degree in Electrical Engineering from The City College of New York in 1974 and a Master of Science degree in Electrical Engineering from Syracuse University in 1979.
John K. Nelson
Mr. Nelson is on the Board of Directors of Core12, LLC. (since 2008), a private firm that develops branding, marketing, and communications strategies for clients. Mr. Nelson has extensive experience in global banking and markets, having served in several senior executive positions with ABN AMRO Holdings N.V. and its affiliated entities and predecessors, including LaSalle Bank Corporation from 1996 to 2008, ultimately serving as Chief Executive Officer of ABN AMRO N.V. North America. During his tenure at the bank, he also served as Global Head of its Financial Markets Division, which encompassed the bank's Currency, Commodity, Fixed Income, Emerging Markets, and Derivatives businesses. He was a member of the Foreign Exchange Committee of the Federal Reserve Bank of the United States and during his tenure with ABN AMRO served as the bank’s representative on various committees of The Bank of Canada, European Central Bank, and The Bank of England. Mr. Nelson previously served as a senior, external advisor to the financial services practice of Deloitte Consulting LLP. (2012-2014). At Fordham University, he served as a director of The President’s Council (2010- 2019) and previously served as a director of The Curran Center for Catholic American Studies (2009-2018). He served as a trustee and Chairman of The Board of Trustees of Marian University (2011-2013). Mr. Nelson is a graduate of Fordham University, holding a BA in Economics and an MBA in Finance.
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Loren M. Starr
Mr. Starr was Vice Chair, Senior Managing Director from 2020 to 2021, and Chief Financial Officer, Senior Managing Director from 2005 to 2020, for Invesco, Ltd. Mr. Starr is also a Director for AMG. He is former Chair and member of the Board of Directors, Georgia Leadership Institute for School Improvement (GLISI); former Chair and member of the Board of Trustees, Georgia Council on Economic Education (GCEE). Mr. Starr received a B.A. and a B.S. from Columbia College, an M.B.A. from Columbia Business School, and an M.S. from Carnegie Mellon University.
Matthew Thornton III
Mr. Thornton has over 40 years of broad leadership and operating experience from his career with FedEx Corporation (“FedEx”), which, through its portfolio of companies, provides transportation, e-commerce and business services. In November 2019, Mr. Thornton retired as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer of FedEx Freight Corporation (FedEx Freight), a subsidiary of FedEx, where, from May 2018 until his retirement, he had been responsible for day-to-day operations, strategic guidance, modernization of freight operations and delivering innovative customer solutions. From September 2006 to May 2018, Mr. Thornton served as Senior Vice President, U.S. Operations at Federal Express Corporation (FedEx Express), a subsidiary of FedEx. Prior to September 2006, Mr. Thornton held a range of positions of increasing responsibility with FedEx, including various management positions. In addition, Mr. Thornton currently (since 2014) serves on the Board of Directors of The Sherwin-Williams Company, where he is a member of the Audit Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, and the Board of Directors of Crown Castle International (since 2020), where he is a member of the Strategy Committee and the Compensation Committee. Formerly (2012-2018), he was a member of the Board of Directors of Safe Kids Worldwide®, a non-profit organization dedicated to the prevention of childhood injuries. Mr. Thornton is a member (since 2014) of the Executive Leadership Council (ELC), the nation’s premier organization of global black senior executives. He is also a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors (NACD). Mr. Thornton has been recognized by Black Enterprise on its 2017 list of the Most Powerful Executives in Corporate America and by Ebony on its 2016 Power 100 list of the world’s most influential and inspiring African Americans. Mr. Thornton received a B.B.A. degree from the University of Memphis in 1980 and an M.B.A. from the University of Tennessee in 2001.
Terence J. Toth
Mr. Toth, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term ending on June 30, 2024, was a Co-Founding Partner of Promus Capital (2008-2017). From 2012 to 2021, he was a Director of Quality Control Corporation, from 2010 to 2019, he was a Director of Fulcrum IT Service LLC and from 2012 to 2016, he was a Director of LogicMark LLC. From 2008 to 2013, he was a Director of Legal & General Investment Management America, Inc. From 2004 to 2007, he was Chief Executive Officer and President of Northern Trust Global Investments, and Executive Vice President of Quantitative Management & Securities Lending from 2000 to 2004. He also formerly served on the Board of the Northern Trust Mutual Funds. He joined Northern Trust in 1994 after serving as Managing Director and Head of Global Securities Lending at Bankers Trust (1986 to 1994) and Head of Government Trading and Cash Collateral Investment at Northern Trust from 1982 to 1986. He currently serves as Chair of the Board of the Kehrein Center for the Arts (since 2021) and is on the Board of Catalyst Schools of Chicago (since 2008). He is on the Mather Foundation Board (since 2012) and was Chair of its Investment Committee from 2017 to 2022. Mr. Toth graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Illinois, and received his M.B.A. from New York University. In 2005, he graduated from the CEO Perspectives Program at Northwestern University.
Margaret L. Wolff
Ms. Wolff retired from Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom LLP in 2014 after more than 30 years of providing client service in the Mergers & Acquisitions Group. During her legal career, Ms. Wolff devoted significant time to advising boards and senior management on U.S. and international corporate, securities, regulatory and strategic matters, including governance, shareholder, fiduciary, operational and management issues. From 2013 to 2017, she was a Board member of Travelers Insurance Company of Canada and The Dominion of Canada General Insurance Company (each of which is a part of Travelers Canada, the Canadian operation of The Travelers Companies, Inc.). Ms. Wolff has been a trustee of New York-Presbyterian Hospital since 2005 and, since 2004, she has served as a trustee of The John A. Hartford Foundation (a philanthropy dedicated to improving the care of older adults) where she formerly served as Chair from 2015 to 2022. From 2005 to 2015, she was a trustee of Mt. Holyoke College and
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served as Vice Chair of the Board from 2011 to 2015. Ms. Wolff received her Bachelor of Arts from Mt. Holyoke College and her Juris Doctor from Case Western Reserve University School of Law.
Robert L. Young
Mr. Young, the Nuveen Funds’ Independent Co-Chair for a six-month term from July 1, 2024 through December 31, 2024, has more than 30 years of experience in the investment management industry. From 1997 to 2017, he held various positions with J.P. Morgan Investment Management Inc. (“J.P. Morgan Investment”) and its affiliates (collectively, “J.P. Morgan”). Most recently, he served as Chief Operating Officer and Director of J.P. Morgan Investment (from 2010 to 2016) and as President and Principal Executive Officer of the J.P. Morgan Funds (from 2013 to 2016). As Chief Operating Officer of J.P. Morgan Investment, Mr. Young led service, administration and business platform support activities for J.P. Morgan’s domestic retail mutual fund and institutional commingled and separate account businesses, and co-led these activities for J.P. Morgan’s global retail and institutional investment management businesses. As President of the J.P. Morgan Funds, Mr. Young interacted with various service providers to these funds, facilitated the relationship between such funds and their boards, and was directly involved in establishing board agendas, addressing regulatory matters, and establishing policies and procedures. Before joining J.P. Morgan, Mr. Young, a former Certified Public Accountant (CPA), was a Senior Manager (Audit) with Deloitte & Touche LLP (formerly, Touche Ross LLP), where he was employed from 1985 to 1996. During his tenure there, he actively participated in creating, and ultimately led, the firm’s midwestern mutual fund practice. Mr. Young holds a Bachelor of Business Administration degree in Accounting from the University of Dayton and, from 2008 to 2011, he served on the Investment Committee of its Board of Trustees.
Board Compensation
The following table shows, for each independent trustee, (1) the aggregate compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid by the Fund for the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, (2) the amount of total compensation paid by the Fund that has been deferred, and (3) the total compensation (including deferred amounts), as well as any amounts related to special, ad hoc committees that are temporary in nature and not expected to be long-term, ongoing compensation, paid to each trustee by the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Pursuant to the Board’s deferred compensation plan, a portion of the independent trustees’ compensation may be deferred and treated as though an equivalent dollar amount has been invested in shares of one or more eligible Nuveen Funds. The amount of total compensation that has been deferred provided below represents the total deferred fees (including the return from the assumed investment in the eligible Nuveen Funds) payable from the Fund.
Name of Trustee |
Estimated |
Amount of Total |
Total | |||||||
Joseph A. Boateng1,2 |
$ |
— |
$ |
— |
$455,000 | |||||
Jack B. Evans3 |
8,254 |
1,427 |
452,765 | |||||||
Michael A. Forrester1,2 |
— |
|
— |
465,000 | ||||||
William C. Hunter3 |
8,084 |
|
— |
444,750 | ||||||
Thomas J. Kenny1,2 |
— |
— |
606,000 | |||||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
7,679 |
2,507 |
432,032 | |||||||
Joanne T. Medero |
7,553 |
3,754 |
414,408 | |||||||
Albin F. Moschner |
8,956 |
— |
495,250 | |||||||
John K. Nelson |
8,127 |
— |
462,350 | |||||||
Loren M. Starr1,2 |
— |
— |
425,000 | |||||||
Judith M. Stockdale4 |
1,884 |
1,404 |
101,024 | |||||||
Carole E. Stone4 |
1,998 |
490 |
107,309 | |||||||
Matthew Thornton III |
7,633 |
— |
433,750 | |||||||
Terence J. Toth |
11,022 |
— |
607,350 | |||||||
Margaret L. Wolff |
8,598 |
4,270 |
474,341 | |||||||
Robert L. Young |
8,499 |
5,734 |
483,655 |
1 Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were not trustees of the Nuveen Funds during the fiscal year presented and therefore did not receive any compensation from the Funds during the period.
2 “Total Compensation From Nuveen Funds Paid to Trustee” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr for the period presented includes compensation from College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”) and TIAA Separate Account VA-1 (“VA-1”), as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, during the period.
3 Mr. Evans and Dr. Hunter retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2023.
4 Ms. Stockdale and Ms. Stone retired as Trustees of the Nuveen Funds on December 31, 2022.
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Prior to January 1, 2023, Independent Board Members received a $205,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,000 per day for attendance in person or by telephone at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $3,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings where in-person attendance was required and $3,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in-person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Audit Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Dividend Committee meetings; (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at all other committee meetings ($1,000 for shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was required and $250 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such committee meetings (excluding shareholder meetings) where in-person attendance was not required, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in each case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held; and (g) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at Open-End Funds Committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $2,000 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required; provided that no fees were received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $125,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent Board Members also received a fee of $3,500 per day for site visits to entities that provide services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. When ad hoc committees are organized, the Nominating and Governance Committee at the time of formation determined compensation to be paid to the members of such committee, however, in general, such fees were $1,000 per meeting for attendance in person or by telephone at ad hoc committee meetings where in-person attendance was required and $500 per meeting for attendance by telephone or in person at such meetings where in-person attendance was not required. Any compensation paid to the independent trustees as members of ad hoc committees is temporary in nature and not expected to be long term, ongoing compensation. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting. In certain circumstances, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Board may have held in-person meetings by telephonic or videographic means and were compensated at the in-person rate.
Effective January 1, 2023, independent trustees received a $210,000 annual retainer, plus they received (a) a fee of $7,250 per day for attendance at regularly scheduled meetings of the Board; (b) a fee of $4,000 per meeting for attendance at special, non-regularly scheduled Board meetings; (c) a fee of $2,500 per meeting for attendance at Audit Committee meetings, Open-End Funds Committee meetings and Investment Committee Meetings; (d) a fee of $5,000 per meeting for attendance at Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee meetings; (e) a fee of $1,250 per meeting for attendance at Dividend Committee meetings; and (f) a fee of $500 per meeting for attendance at all other committee meetings, and $100 per meeting when the Executive Committee acted as pricing committee for IPOs, plus, in each case, expenses incurred in attending such meetings, provided that no fees were
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received for meetings held on days on which regularly scheduled Board meetings were held. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair of the Board received $140,000, and the chairpersons of the Audit Committee, the Dividend Committee, the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, the Nominating and Governance Committee, the Open-End Funds Committee and the Investment Committee received $20,000 each as additional retainers. Independent trustees also received a fee of $5,000 per day for site visits to entities that provide services to the Nuveen Funds on days on which no Board meeting was held. Per meeting fees for unscheduled Committee meetings or meetings of Ad Hoc or Special Assignment Committees were determined by the Chair of such Committee based on the complexity or time commitment associated with the particular meeting. The annual retainer, fees and expenses were allocated among the Nuveen Funds on the basis of relative net assets, although management may have, in its discretion, established a minimum amount to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances, fees and expenses were allocated only to those Nuveen Funds that were discussed at a given meeting.
Effective January 1, 2024, independent trustees receive a $350,000 annual retainer, plus they receive (a) an annual retainer of $30,000 for membership on the Audit Committee and Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee, respectively; (b) an annual retainer of $20,000 for membership on the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and Open-End Funds Committee, respectively. In addition to the payments described above, the Chair/Co-Chair of the Board receives $140,000 annually; the chair/co-chair of the Audit Committee and the Compliance, Risk Management and Regulatory Oversight Committee receive $30,000 annually; and the chair/co-chair of the Dividend Committee, Investment Committee, Nominating and Governance Committee and the Open-End Funds Committee receive $20,000 annually. Board members will be paid either $1,000 or $2,500 for any ad hoc meetings of the Board or its standing committees, the chair/co-chair will be paid a quarterly fee of $1,250 and members will be paid a quarterly fee of $5,000. The annual retainers, fees and expenses of the Board are allocated among the funds in the Nuveen Fund Complex on the basis of relative net assets, although a minimum amount may be established to be allocated to each fund. In certain instances fees and expenses will be allocated only to those funds that are discussed at a given meeting.
Because Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr are new to the Board (the “New Board Members”), they did not receive any compensation from the Nuveen Funds prior to January 1, 2024. Additionally, information concerning New Board Members’ beneficial ownership of shares in the Funds is not presented since they were not Board Members as of December 31, 2023.
The Trust does not have a retirement or pension plan. The Trust is a participant in a deferred compensation plan (the “Deferred Compensation Plan”) that permits any independent trustee to elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of his or her compensation as an independent trustee. The deferred compensation of a participating trustee is credited to a book reserve account of the participating Nuveen Funds when the compensation would otherwise have been paid to the trustee. The value of the trustee’s deferral account at any time is equal to the value that the account would have had if contributions to the account had been invested and reinvested in shares of one or more of the eligible Nuveen Funds. An independent trustee may elect to receive distributions in a lump sum or over a period of five years. No participating Nuveen Fund will be liable for any other fund’s obligations to make distributions under the Deferred Compensation Plan.
The Trust has no employees. Each officer of the Trust serves without any compensation from the Fund. The CCO’s compensation, which is composed of base salary and incentive compensation, is paid by the Adviser, with review and input by the Board. The Fund reimburses the Adviser for an allocable portion of the Adviser’s cost of the CCO’s incentive compensation.
Share Ownership
The information in the table below discloses the dollar ranges of (i) each trustee’s beneficial ownership in the Fund, and (ii) each trustee’s aggregate beneficial ownership in all Nuveen Funds, including in each case the value of fund shares elected by the trustee in the trustees’ deferred compensation plan, as of December 31, 2023, based on the value of fund shares as of that same date.
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Name of Trustee |
Dollar Range of |
Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex1 | ||||
Joseph A. Boateng2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | ||||
Michael A. Forrester2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | ||||
Thomas J. Kenny2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | ||||
Amy B.R. Lancellotta |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Joanne T. Medero |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Albin F. Moschner |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
John K. Nelson |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Loren M. Starr2 |
N/A |
Over $100,000 | ||||
Matthew Thornton III |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Terence J. Toth* |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Margaret L. Wolff |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 | |||
Robert L. Young |
|
$0 |
Over $100,000 |
1. “Aggregate Holdings – Fund Complex” for Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr includes holdings in CREF and/or VA-1, as each was a member of the board and management committee of CREF and VA-1, respectively, as of December 31, 2023.
2. Mr. Boateng, Mr. Forrester, Mr. Kenny and Mr. Starr were elected to the Board of Trustees of the Nuveen Funds effective January 1, 2024. Information regarding their holdings in the Funds is not presented because each was not a trustee of the Trust of the Funds as of December 31, 2023.
As of February 1, 2024, the officers and trustees of the Trust, in the aggregate, owned less than 1% of the shares of the Fund.
As of February 1, 2024, none of the independent trustees or their immediate family members owned, beneficially, or of record, any securities in (i) an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Fund or (ii) a person (other than a registered investment company) directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with an investment adviser or principal underwriter of the Fund.
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Investment Adviser
Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, the Fund’s investment adviser, has overall responsibility for management of the Fund, oversees the management of the Fund’s portfolio, manages the Fund’s business affairs and provides certain clerical, bookkeeping and other administrative services. In addition, the Adviser arranges for sub-advisory, transfer agency, custody, fund administration and all other non-distribution related services necessary for the Fund to operate. The Adviser is a wholly owned subsidiary of Nuveen, LLC (“Nuveen”), the investment management arm of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America (“TIAA”). TIAA is a life insurance company founded in 1918 by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching and is the companion organization of College Retirement Equities Fund (“CREF”). The Adviser is located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
For the management services and facilities furnished by the Adviser under the Management Agreement, the Fund has agreed to pay an annual management fee based on a percentage of the Fund’s average daily net assets, payable monthly, at a rate set forth in the Prospectus under “Fund Management—Management Fees.” From time to time, the Adviser may waive all or a portion of its fee. The Adviser is responsible for substantially all other expenses of the Fund, except any future distribution and/or service fees, interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, fees incurred in acquiring and disposing of portfolio securities, fees and expenses of the independent trustees (including any trustees’ counsel fees), certain compensation expenses of the Fund’s chief compliance officer, litigation expenses, and extraordinary expenses. The following table sets forth the management fees paid by the Fund from the commencement of operations of the Fund on September 27, 2021 through the fiscal period ended October 31, 2021 and for the fiscal years ended October 31, 2022 and October 31, 2023.
Amount of Management Fees | ||
09/27/21-10/31/21 |
11/01/21-10/31/22 |
11/01/22-10/31/23 |
$195,248 |
$14,730,512 |
$13,393,217 |
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Sub-Adviser
The Adviser has selected its affiliate, Nuveen Asset Management, located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, to serve as sub-adviser of the Fund. The Adviser pays the Sub-Adviser a portfolio management fee out of the advisory fee paid to the Adviser for its services to the Fund.
As a result of their common ownership by Nuveen and, ultimately, TIAA, Nuveen Fund Advisors and Nuveen Asset Management are considered affiliated persons under common control, and the registered investment companies managed by each are considered to be part of the same group of investment companies.
Portfolio Managers
The following individuals have primary responsibility for the day-to-day implementation of the investment strategies of the Fund.
Nuveen Asset Management |
||
Karen Hiatt, CFA, |
||
Terrence Kontos, CFA, |
Compensation
Portfolio managers are compensated through a combination of base salary and variable components consisting of (i) a cash bonus; (ii) a long-term performance award; and (iii) participation in a profits interest plan.
Base salary. A portfolio manager’s base salary is determined based upon an analysis of the portfolio manager’s general performance, experience and market levels of base pay for such position.
Cash bonus. A portfolio manager is eligible to receive an annual cash bonus that is based on three variables: risk-adjusted investment performance relative to benchmark generally measured over the most recent one, three and five year periods (unless the portfolio manager’s tenure is shorter), ranking versus Morningstar peer funds generally measured over the most recent one, three and five year periods (unless the portfolio manager’s tenure is shorter), and management and peer reviews.
Long-term performance award. A portfolio manager is eligible to receive a long-term performance award that vests after three years. The amount of the award when granted is based on the same factors used in determining the cash bonus. The value of the award at the completion of the three-year vesting period is adjusted based on the risk-adjusted investment performance of Fund(s) managed by the portfolio manager during the vesting period and the performance of the TIAA organization as a whole.
Profits interest plan. Portfolio managers are eligible to receive profits interests in Nuveen Asset Management and its affiliate, Teachers Advisors, LLC, which vest over time and entitle their holders to a percentage of the firms’ annual profits. Profits interests are allocated to each portfolio manager based on such person’s overall contribution to the firms.
There are generally no differences between the methods used to determine compensation with respect to the Fund and the Other Accounts shown in the table below.
Conflicts of Interest
Actual or apparent conflicts of interest may arise when a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities with respect to more than one account. More specifically, portfolio managers who manage multiple accounts are presented a number of potential conflicts, including, among others, those discussed below.
The management of multiple accounts may result in a portfolio manager devoting unequal time and attention to the management of each account. Nuveen Asset Management seeks to manage such competing interests for the time and attention of portfolio managers by having portfolio managers focus on a particular investment discipline. Most accounts managed by a portfolio manager in a particular investment strategy are managed using the same investment models.
If a portfolio manager identifies a limited investment opportunity which may be suitable for more than one account, an account may not be able to take full advantage of that opportunity due to an
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allocation of filled purchase or sale orders across all eligible accounts. To deal with these situations, Nuveen Asset Management has adopted procedures for allocating limited opportunities across multiple accounts.
With respect to many of its clients’ accounts, Nuveen Asset Management determines which broker to use to execute transaction orders, consistent with its duty to seek best execution of the transaction. However, with respect to certain other accounts, Nuveen Asset Management may be limited by the client with respect to the selection of brokers or may be instructed to direct trades through a particular broker. In these cases, Nuveen Asset Management may place separate, non-simultaneous, transactions for the Fund and other accounts which may temporarily affect the market price of the security or the execution of the transaction, or both, to the detriment of the Fund or the other accounts.
Some clients are subject to different regulations. As a consequence of this difference in regulatory requirements, some clients may not be permitted to engage in all the investment techniques or transactions or to engage in these transactions to the same extent as the other accounts managed by a portfolio manager. Finally, the appearance of a conflict of interest may arise where Nuveen Asset Management has an incentive, such as a performance-based management fee, which relates to the management of some accounts, with respect to which a portfolio manager has day-to-day management responsibilities.
Conflicts of interest may also arise when the Sub-Adviser invests one or more of its client accounts in different or multiple parts of the same issuer’s capital structure, including investments in public versus private securities, debt versus equity, or senior versus junior/subordinated debt, or otherwise where there are different or inconsistent rights or benefits. Decisions or actions such as investing, trading, proxy voting, exercising, waiving or amending rights or covenants, workout activity, or serving on a board, committee or other involvement in governance may result in conflicts of interest between clients holding different securities or investments. Generally, individual portfolio managers will seek to act in a manner that they believe serves the best interest of the accounts they manage. In cases where a portfolio manager or team faces a conflict among its client accounts, it will seek to act in a manner that it believes best reflects its overall fiduciary duty, which may result in relative advantages or disadvantages for particular accounts.
Nuveen Asset Management has adopted certain compliance procedures which are designed to address these types of conflicts common among investment managers. However, there is no guarantee that such procedures will detect each and every situation in which a conflict arises.
Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates, including TIAA, sponsor an array of financial products for retirement and other investment goals, and provide services worldwide to a diverse customer base. Accordingly, from time to time, the Fund may be restricted from purchasing or selling securities, or from engaging in other investment activities because of regulatory, legal or contractual restrictions that arise due to another client account’s investments and/or the internal policies of Nuveen Asset Management, TIAA or its affiliates designed to comply with such restrictions. As a result, there may be periods, for example, when Nuveen Asset Management will not initiate or recommend certain types of transactions in certain securities or instruments with respect to which investment limits have been reached.
The investment activities of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates may also limit the investment strategies and rights of the Fund. For example, in certain circumstances where the Fund invests in securities issued by companies that operate in certain regulated industries, in certain emerging or international markets, or are subject to corporate or regulatory ownership definitions, or invests in certain futures and derivative transactions, there may be limits on the aggregate amount invested by Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates for the Fund and other client accounts that may not be exceeded without the grant of a license or other regulatory or corporate consent. If certain aggregate ownership thresholds are reached or certain transactions undertaken, the ability of Nuveen Asset Management, on behalf of the Fund or other client accounts, to purchase or dispose of investments or exercise rights or undertake business transactions may be restricted by regulation or otherwise impaired. As a result, Nuveen Asset Management, on behalf of the Fund or other client accounts, may limit purchases, sell existing investments, or otherwise restrict or limit the exercise of rights (including voting rights) when Nuveen Asset Management, in its sole discretion, deems it appropriate in light of potential regulatory or other restrictions on ownership or other consequences resulting from reaching investment thresholds.
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Other Accounts Managed by the Portfolio Managers
In addition to the Fund, as of October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers were also primarily responsible for the day-to-day portfolio management of the following accounts:
Portfolio Manager |
Type of Account Managed |
Number |
Assets |
Number of |
Assets of |
Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF |
|||||
Karen Hiatt |
Registered Investment Companies |
3 |
$40,073.33 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Terrence Kontos |
Registered Investment Companies |
4 |
$41,123.65 |
0 |
$0 |
Other Pooled Investment Vehicles |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Other Accounts |
0 |
$0 |
0 |
$0 | |
Beneficial Ownership of Securities by the Portfolio Managers
As of the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the portfolio managers did not beneficially own any shares of the Fund.
Administrator, Custodian, and Transfer Agent
Brown Brothers Harriman (“BBH”), located at 50 Post Office Square, Boston, Massachusetts 02110, is the administrator, custodian and transfer agent for the Fund. As custodian, BBH performs custodial, fund accounting and portfolio accounting services.
Distributor
Nuveen Securities, LLC, 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606, serves as the principal underwriter of the Nuveen ETFs, including the Fund, pursuant to a Distribution Agreement dated August 2, 2016 (the “Distribution Agreement”). The Distributor is an affiliate of the Adviser and a subsidiary of Nuveen. The Distributor also serves as the principal underwriter for the Nuveen Mutual Funds and has served as co-managing underwriter for the shares of the Nuveen Closed-End Funds.
Pursuant to the Distribution Agreement, the Fund has appointed the Distributor to be its agent for the distribution of the Fund’s shares on a continuous offering basis. Shares are continuously offered for sale by the Trust through the Distributor only in Creation Units, as described in the Prospectus and below under “Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units.” Shares in less than Creation Units are not distributed by the Distributor. The Distributor will deliver the Prospectus to persons purchasing Creation Units and will maintain records of both orders placed with it and confirmations of acceptance furnished by it. The Distributor is a broker-dealer registered under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), and a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”). The Distributor has no role in determining the investment policies of the Trust or which securities are to be purchased or sold by the Trust.
The Adviser and/or its affiliates may make payments to broker-dealers, registered investment advisers, banks or other intermediaries (together, “intermediaries”) related to marketing activities and presentations, educational training programs, conferences, the development of technology platforms and reporting systems, data provision services, or their making shares of the Fund and certain other Nuveen ETFs available to their customers generally and in certain investment programs. Such payments, which may be significant to the intermediary, are not made by the Fund. Rather, such payments are made by the Adviser and/or its affiliates from their own resources, which come directly or indirectly in part from fees paid by the Nuveen ETF complex. Payments of this type are sometimes referred to as “revenue-sharing payments.” A financial intermediary may make decisions about which investment options it recommends or makes available, or the level of services provided, to its customers based on the payments it is eligible to receive. Therefore, such payments to an intermediary create conflicts of interest between the intermediary and its customers and may cause the intermediary to recommend the Fund or other Nuveen ETFs over another investment.
Distribution and Service Plan
The Fund has adopted a plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. Rule 12b-1 provides in substance that an open-end management investment company may not engage directly or
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indirectly in financing any activity which is primarily intended to result in the sale of shares, except pursuant to a plan adopted under the Rule. The Plan authorizes the Fund to pay up to 0.25% in distribution fees to the Distributor. No payments pursuant to the Plan will be made during the next twelve (12) months of operation.
The Plan may be terminated at any time with respect to any class of shares, without the payment of any penalty, by a vote of a majority of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan or by vote of a majority of the outstanding voting securities of such class. The Plan may be renewed from year to year if approved by a vote of the Board and a vote of the independent trustees who have no direct or indirect financial interest in the Plan cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of voting on the Plan. The Plan may be continued only if the trustees who vote to approve such continuance conclude, in the exercise of reasonable business judgment and in light of their fiduciary duties under applicable law, that there is a reasonable likelihood that the Plan will benefit the Fund and its shareholders. The Plan may not be amended to increase materially the cost which a class of shares may bear under the Plan without the approval of shareholders, and any other material amendments of the Plan must be approved by the independent trustees by a vote cast in person at a meeting called for the purpose of considering such amendments. During the continuance of the Plan, the selection and nomination of the independent trustees of the Trust will be committed to the discretion of the independent trustees then in office. With the exception of the Distributor and its affiliates, no “interested person” of the Fund, as that term is defined in the 1940 Act, and no trustee of the Fund has a direct or indirect financial interest in the operation of the Plan or any related agreement.
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
KPMG LLP (“KPMG”), 200 East Randolph Street, Suite 5500, Chicago, Illinois 60601, independent registered public accounting firm, has been selected as auditors for the Fund.
Securities Lending Agent
State Street Bank and Trust Company (“State Street”) serves as the securities lending agent to the Fund. Pursuant to a Securities Lending Agreement and in accordance with procedures established by the Board of Trustees, State Street effects loans of Fund securities to any firm on a list of approved borrowers, negotiates loan terms, monitors the value of the loaned securities and collateral, requests additional collateral as necessary, manages reinvestment of collateral in a pooled cash collateral reinvestment vehicle, arranges for the return of loaned securities to the Fund, and maintains records and prepares reports regarding loans that are made and the income derived therefrom.
The Fund did not engage in securities lending transactions during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023. Consequently, the Fund did not earn any income or pay any fees related to securities lending activities for this period.
CODES OF ETHICS
The Fund, the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser, the Distributor and the Board’s independent trustees have adopted codes of ethics pursuant to Rule 17j-1 under the 1940 Act and, with respect to the Adviser and the Sub-Adviser, Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Acts of 1940, as amended, addressing personal securities transactions and other conduct by investment personnel and other persons who may have access to information about the Fund's securities transactions. The codes are intended to address potential conflicts of interest that can arise in connection with personal trading activities of such persons. Persons subject to the codes are generally permitted to engage in personal securities transactions, including investing in securities eligible for investment by the Fund, subject to certain prohibitions, which may include prohibitions on investing in certain types of securities, pre-clearance requirements, blackout periods, annual and quarterly reporting of personal securities holdings and limitations on personal trading of initial public offerings. Violations of the codes are subject to review by the Board and could result in severe penalties.
PROXY VOTING POLICIES
The Fund has delegated authority to the Adviser to vote proxies for securities held by the Fund, and the Adviser has in turn delegated that responsibility to the Sub-Adviser. The Adviser’s proxy voting policy establishes minimum standards for the exercise of proxy voting authority by the Sub-Adviser.
The Sub-Adviser votes proxies of the Fund’s portfolio companies in accordance with the guidelines articulated in the Nuveen Proxy Voting Policies, which are attached, along with the Nuveen
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Proxy Voting Policy and Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures, as Appendix A to this SAI.
The Sub-Adviser relies on a dedicated team of professionals responsible for reviewing and voting proxies. In analyzing a proposal, in addition to exercising their professional judgment, these professionals utilize various sources of information to enhance their ability to evaluate the proposal. These sources may include research from third party proxy advisory firms and other consultants, various corporate governance-focused organizations, related publications and Nuveen investment professionals. Based on their analysis of proposals and guided by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, these professionals then vote in a manner intended solely to advance the best interests of Fund shareholders.
The Sub-Adviser believes that it has implemented policies, procedures and processes designed to prevent conflicts of interest from influencing proxy voting decisions. These include (i) oversight by the Nuveen Fund Board or a designated committee thereof; (ii) a clear separation of proxy voting functions from external client relationship and sales functions; and (iii) the active monitoring of required annual disclosures of potential conflicts of interest by individuals who have direct roles in executing or influencing the Fund’s proxy voting by Nuveen’s legal and compliance professionals.
There could be rare instances in which an individual who has a direct role in executing or influencing the Fund’s proxy voting (e.g., Nuveen’s proxy voting professionals, a Board member, or a senior executive of the Fund, the Adviser, Sub-Adviser or their affiliates) is either a director or executive of a portfolio company or may have some other association with a portfolio company. In such cases, this individual is required to recuse himself or herself from all decisions related to proxy voting for that portfolio company.
Voted Proxies. Information regarding how the Fund voted proxies relating to portfolio securities during the most recent 12-month period ended June 30 is available without charge by accessing Nuveen’s website at http://www.nuveen.com or the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.
BROKERAGE TRANSACTIONS
Decisions with respect to which securities are to be bought or sold, the total amount of securities to be bought or sold, the broker-dealer with or through which the securities transactions are to be effected and the commission rates applicable to the trades are made by Nuveen Asset Management.
In selecting a broker-dealer to execute securities transactions, Nuveen Asset Management considers the full range and quality of a broker-dealer’s services including, among other things: the value, nature and quality of any brokerage and research products and services; execution capability; commission rate; financial responsibility (including willingness to commit capital); the likelihood of price improvement; the speed of execution and likelihood of execution for limit orders; the ability to minimize market impact; the maintenance of the confidentiality of orders; and responsiveness of the broker-dealer. The determinative factor is not the lowest possible commission cost but whether the transaction represents the best qualitative execution for the Fund. Subject to the satisfaction of its obligation to seek best execution, another factor considered by Nuveen Asset Management in selecting a broker-dealer may include the broker-dealer’s access to initial public offerings.
For certain transactions, Nuveen Asset Management may cause the Fund to pay a broker-dealer a commission higher than that which another broker-dealer might have charged for effecting the same transaction (a practice commonly referred to as “paying up”). Nuveen Asset Management causes the Fund to pay up in recognition of the value of the brokerage and research products and services (“Research Services”) the broker-dealer provides. The broker-dealer may directly provide Research Services to the Fund or may purchase them from a third party for the Fund. In such cases, Nuveen Asset Management is in effect paying for the Research Services with client commissions – so-called “soft dollars.” Nuveen Asset Management will only cause the Fund to pay up if Nuveen Asset Management, subject to its overall duty to seek best execution, determines in good faith that the Research Services are eligible brokerage and research under Section 28(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the amount of the commission is reasonable in relation to the value of the Research Services provided, viewed in terms of either that particular transaction or the overall responsibilities of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates with respect to the managing of its accounts.
Nuveen Asset Management employs the use of commission sharing arrangements administered by its centralized equity trading desk. Under these arrangements, when Nuveen Asset Management pays a commission to an executing broker, a portion of the commission is for execution of the trade (brokerage) and a portion is for Research Services. The broker will allocate the Research Services
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portion of the commission to a pool of commission credits it maintains. The commission manager, at Nuveen Asset Management’s direction, pays Research Services providers for eligible research products and services. An executing broker may or may not be a Research Services provider. Nuveen Asset Management uses commission sharing arrangements to pay for both proprietary and third party Research Services. The centralized equity trading desk does not select Research Services.
Under Nuveen Asset Management’s commission sharing arrangements, Nuveen Equities (the integrated equity investment team of Nuveen Asset Management (excluding Public Real Assets) and certain affiliates) aggregates commission credits into a single pool, and allocates the Research Services among the respective Nuveen Equities investment teams based on factors such as asset size of the team’s equity strategy and the strategy’s geographic considerations. Commission credits generated by Nuveen Asset Management’s Public Real Assets accounts are aggregated into a separate pool to purchase Research Services, which generally supports the Nuveen Asset Management Public Real Assets investment team. Research Services will not necessarily directly and specifically benefit the particular account(s) that generated the brokerage commissions used to acquire the Research Services.
Research Services consist of products and services including some or all of the following: economic analysis and forecasts, financial market analysis and forecasts, industry and company specific analysis, interest rate forecasts, arbitrage relative valuation analysis of various debt securities, analytical tools for investment research and related consulting services, market data services and other services that assist in the investment decision making process, and meetings arranged by broker-dealers with corporate management teams and spokespersons, as well as industry spokespersons. Research products include written reports, computer-generated services, telephone contacts and personal meetings with securities analysts that assist in the investment decision-making process.
Nuveen Asset Management will use Research Services to benefit any client of Nuveen Asset Management or its affiliates, including the Fund, and at times the Research Services will not directly benefit the particular account(s) that generated the brokerage commissions used to acquire the Research Services. For example, Nuveen Asset Management uses clients’ equity commissions to pay for Research Services that at times will benefit other accounts of Nuveen Asset Management and its affiliates.
The Research Services that Nuveen Asset Management receives from broker-dealers supplement Nuveen Asset Management’s own research activities. As a practical matter, in some cases Nuveen Asset Management could not, on its own, generate all of the Research Services that broker-dealers provide without materially increasing its expenses. Because of the nature of soft dollar arrangements, and because of the fact that any particular Research Service may be used to service all of Nuveen Asset Management’s advisory accounts (possibly to varying degrees) or fewer than all of its advisory accounts, Nuveen Asset Management is unable to quantify or estimate the value of any such services attributable to a particular advisory account with any meaningful degree of accuracy.
Many of the Fund’s portfolio transactions involve payment of a brokerage commission by the Fund. In some cases, transactions are with dealers or issuers who act as principal for their own accounts and not as brokers. Transactions effected on a principal basis, other than certain transactions effected on a so-called riskless principal basis, are made without the payment of brokerage commissions but at net prices which usually include a spread or markup. In effecting transactions in over-the-counter securities, the Fund typically deals with market makers unless it appears that better price and execution are available elsewhere.
It is expected that the Fund will purchase most foreign equity securities in the over-the-counter markets or stock exchanges located in the countries in which the respective principal offices of the issuers of the various securities are located if that is the best available market. The commission paid in connection with foreign stock transactions may be higher than negotiated commissions on U.S. transactions. There generally is less governmental supervision and regulation of foreign stock exchanges than in the United States. Foreign securities settlements may in some instances be subject to delays and related administrative uncertainties.
Foreign equity securities may be held in the form of depositary receipts or securities convertible into foreign equity securities. Depositary receipts may be listed on stock exchanges or traded in the over-the-counter markets in the United States or overseas. The foreign and domestic debt securities and money market instruments in which the Fund may invest are generally traded in the over-the-counter markets.
The Fund does not effect any brokerage transactions in their portfolio securities with any broker or dealer affiliated directly or indirectly with the Adviser, Nuveen Asset Management or Distributor unless
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such transactions, including the frequency thereof, the receipt of commission payable in connection therewith, and the selection of the affiliated broker or dealer effecting such transactions are not unfair or unreasonable to the shareholders of the Fund, as determined by the Board of Trustees. Any transactions with an affiliated broker or dealer must be on terms that are both at least as favorable to the Fund as the Fund can obtain elsewhere and at least as favorable as such affiliated broker or dealer normally gives to others.
When two or more clients of Nuveen Asset Management are simultaneously engaged in the purchase or sale of the same security, the prices and amounts are allocated in a manner considered by Nuveen Asset Management to be equitable to each client. In some cases, this system could have a detrimental effect on the price or volume of the security as far as each client is concerned. In other cases, however, the ability of the clients to participate in volume transactions may produce better executions for each client.
On behalf of the Fund, Nuveen Asset Management may seek to buy from or sell securities to another fund or account advised by Nuveen Asset Management or an affiliate. Nuveen Asset Management may effect purchases and sales between its clients or clients of its affiliates, including the Fund (referred to herein as “cross trades”), if it believes that such transactions are appropriate based on each party’s investment objectives and guidelines, subject to applicable law and regulation. Cross trades may give rise to potential conflicts of interest for Nuveen Asset Management. On any occasion when the Fund participates in a cross trade, the Fund will comply with procedures adopted pursuant to Rule 17a-7 under the 1940 Act and applicable SEC guidance.
The following table sets forth the aggregate brokerage commissions paid by the Fund from the commencement of operations of the Fund on September 27, 2021 through the fiscal period ended October 31, 2021 and through the fiscal years ended October 31, 2022 and October 31, 2023.
Aggregate Brokerage Commissions Paid by the Fund | ||
09/27/21-10/31/21 |
11/01/21-10/31/22 |
11/01/22-10/31/23 |
$1,983 |
$151,167 |
$108,119 |
Brokerage commissions paid by the Fund may vary substantially from year to year as a result of changing asset levels throughout the year, portfolio turnover rates, differences in shareholder purchase and redemption activity, varying market conditions and other factors.
During the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023, the Fund did not pay commissions to brokers in return for their research services.
The Fund did not acquire the securities of its regular brokers or dealers as defined in Rule 10b-1 under the 1940 Act or of the parents of the brokers or dealers during the fiscal year ended October 31, 2023.
Under the 1940 Act, the Fund may not purchase portfolio securities from any underwriting syndicate of which the Distributor is a member except under certain limited conditions set forth in Rule 10f-3. The Rule sets forth requirements relating to, among other things, the terms of a security purchased by the Fund, the amount of securities that may be purchased in any one issue and the assets of the Fund that may be invested in a particular issue. In addition, purchases of securities made pursuant to the terms of the Rule must be approved at least quarterly by the Board of Trustees, including a majority of the independent trustees.
DISCLOSURE OF PORTFOLIO HOLDINGS
The Trust has adopted policies that govern the dissemination of the Fund’s portfolio holdings. The Fund and its service providers may not receive compensation or any other consideration (which includes any agreement to maintain assets in the Fund or in other investment companies or accounts managed by the Adviser or any affiliated person of the Adviser) in connection with the disclosure of portfolio holdings information of the Fund. The policies adopted by the Trust are implemented and overseen by the Chief Compliance Officer of the Fund, subject to the oversight of the Board. Compliance officers of the Fund, the Adviser and Sub-Adviser periodically monitor overall compliance with the policies to ascertain whether portfolio holdings information is disclosed in a manner that is consistent with the policies. Periodic reports regarding these policies will be provided to the Board. The Board must approve all material amendments to these policies. Prior to the commencement of trading on each day that the Fund is open for business,
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(1) the Fund’s portfolio holdings are publicly disseminated on the Fund’s publicly accessible website, www.nuveen.com/etf, and through financial reporting and news services, and (2) the composition of the basket of securities and/or cash that will constitute a Creation Unit is publicly disseminated via the National Securities Clearing Corporation, a clearing agency registered with the SEC (“NSCC”).
The Trust, the Adviser and/or Sub-Adviser, and the Distributor will generally not disseminate non-public portfolio holdings information concerning the Fund. However, non-public portfolio holdings information may be provided to certain parties if approved by the Fund’s Chief Administrative Officer or Secretary upon a determination that there is a legitimate business purpose for doing so, the disclosure is consistent with the interests of the Fund, and the recipient is obligated to maintain the confidentiality of the information and not misuse it.
There is no assurance that the Trust’s policies on portfolio holdings disclosure will protect the Fund from the potential misuse of portfolio holdings information by individuals or firms in possession of such information.
BOOK ENTRY ONLY SYSTEM
The following information supplements and should be read in conjunction with the section in the Prospectus entitled “Purchase and Sale of Shares.”
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) acts as securities depositary for the shares. Shares of the Fund are represented by securities registered in the name of DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., and deposited with, or on behalf of, DTC. Except in the limited circumstance provided below, certificates will not be issued for shares.
DTC, a limited-purpose trust company, was created to hold securities of its participants (the “DTC Participants”) and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among the DTC Participants in such securities through electronic book-entry changes in accounts of the DTC Participants, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of securities certificates. DTC Participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and certain other organizations, some of whom (and/or their representatives) own DTC. More specifically, DTC is owned by a number of its DTC Participants and by the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) and FINRA. Access to the DTC system is also available to other banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies that clear through or maintain a custodial relationship with a DTC Participant, either directly or indirectly (the “Indirect Participants”).
Beneficial ownership of shares is limited to DTC Participants, Indirect Participants and persons holding interests through DTC Participants and Indirect Participants. Ownership of beneficial interests in shares (owners of such beneficial interests are referred to herein as “Beneficial Owners”) is shown on, and the transfer of ownership is effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with respect to DTC Participants) and on the records of DTC Participants (with respect to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners that are not DTC Participants). Beneficial Owners will receive from or through the DTC Participant a written confirmation relating to their purchase of shares.
Conveyance of all notices, statements and other communications to Beneficial Owners is effected as follows. Pursuant to the Depositary Agreement between the Trust and DTC, DTC is required to make available to the Trust upon request and for a fee to be charged to the Trust a listing of the shares of the Fund held by each DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall inquire of each such DTC Participant as to the number of Beneficial Owners holding shares, directly or indirectly, through such DTC Participant. The Trust, either directly or through a third party service, shall provide each such DTC Participant with copies of such notice, statement or other communication, in such form, number and at such place as such DTC Participant may reasonably request, in order that such notice, statement or communication may be transmitted by such DTC Participant, directly or indirectly, to such Beneficial Owners. In addition, the Trust shall pay to each such DTC Participant and/or third party service a fair and reasonable amount as reimbursement for the expenses attendant to such transmittal, all subject to applicable statutory and regulatory requirements.
Share distributions shall be made to DTC or its nominee, Cede & Co., as the registered holder of all shares. DTC or its nominee, upon receipt of any such distributions, shall credit immediately DTC Participants’ accounts with payments in amounts proportionate to their respective beneficial interests in shares of the Fund as shown on the records of DTC or its nominee. Payments by DTC Participants to Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners of Shares held through such DTC Participants will be governed by standing instructions and customary practices, as is now the case with securities held for the
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accounts of customers in bearer form or registered in a “street name,” and will be the responsibility of such DTC Participants.
The Trust has no responsibility or liability for any aspects of the records relating to or notices to Beneficial Owners, or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests in such shares, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests or for any other aspect of the relationship between DTC and the DTC Participants or the relationship between such DTC Participants and the Indirect Participants and Beneficial Owners owning through such DTC Participants.
DTC may determine to discontinue providing its service with respect to shares at any time by giving reasonable notice to the Trust and discharging its responsibilities with respect thereto under applicable law. Under such circumstances, the Trust shall take action either to find a replacement for DTC to perform its functions or, if such a replacement is unavailable, to issue and deliver printed certificates representing ownership of shares, unless the Trust makes other arrangements with respect thereto satisfactory to the Listing Exchange.
CONTROL PERSONS AND PRINCIPAL HOLDERS OF SECURITIES
The following table sets forth the percentage ownership of each person, who, as of February 1, 2024, owned of record, or is known by the Adviser to have owned beneficially, 5% or more of the Fund’s shares.
Name and Address of Owner |
Percentage of Ownership | ||
State Street Bank & Trust |
99.86% |
An Authorized Participant may hold of record more than 25% of the outstanding shares of the Fund. From time to time, Authorized Participants may be a beneficial and/or legal owner of the Fund, may be affiliated with an index provider, may be deemed to have control of the Fund and/or may be able to affect the outcome of matters presented for a vote of the shareholders of the Fund. Authorized Participants may execute an irrevocable proxy granting the Distributor or an affiliate of the Distributor (the “Agent”) power to vote or abstain from voting such Authorized Participant’s beneficially or legally owned shares of the Fund. When granted the power to vote, the Agent shall mirror vote such shares in the same proportion as all other beneficial owners of the Fund.
It is also possible that, from time to time, Nuveen or its affiliates may, subject to compliance with applicable law, purchase and hold shares of the Fund. Nuveen and its affiliates reserve the right, subject to compliance with applicable law, to sell at any time some or all of the shares of the Fund acquired for their own accounts. A large sale of shares of the Fund by Nuveen or its affiliates could significantly reduce the asset size of the Fund, which might have an adverse effect on the Fund’s market price.
PURCHASE AND REDEMPTION OF CREATION UNITS
The Fund issues and redeems shares on a continuous basis, at NAV, only in a large specified number of shares called a “Creation Unit.” Creation Units are typically purchased and redeemed in-kind, but they may also be purchased and redeemed, in whole or in part, for cash in the Adviser’s discretion. The Fund’s NAV is determined once each day the NYSE is open for business (a “Business Day”), as described under “Determination of Net Asset Value.”
Only Authorized Participants may purchase and redeem Creation Units directly from the Fund at NAV. To become an Authorized Participant, a firm must execute an Authorized Participant Agreement (the “Participant Agreement”) that has been agreed to by the Distributor and BBH, in a form approved by the Trust. Among other things, the Participant Agreement requires that an Authorized Participant be (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC or (ii) a DTC Participant.
The Fund issues and redeems Creation Units through the Distributor at their NAV next determined after receipt of an order in proper form on any Business Day. All orders to purchase or
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redeem Creation Units directly from the Fund, including non-standard orders (as defined below), must be placed in the manner and by the time specified by the Fund on each Business Day (generally, 4 p.m., Eastern time) (the “Cut-Off Time”). The date on which an order to purchase or redeem Creation Units is received in proper form and is accepted by the Distributor is referred to as the “Order Placement Date.” An order is generally considered to be in “proper form” if all procedures set forth in the Participant Agreement, the AP Handbook and this SAI are properly followed.
An Authorized Participant submitting a creation or redemption order is deemed to make certain representations to the Trust as set forth in the Participant Agreement. The Distributor reserves the right to verify these representations in its discretion. If the Authorized Participant, upon receipt of a verification request, does not provide sufficient verification of its representations as determined by the Distributor in its sole discretion, the order will not be considered to have been received in proper form and may be rejected by the Distributor.
Purchase (Creation)
Fund Deposit. The consideration for purchase of a Creation Unit of the Fund generally consists of (a) either (i) the in-kind deposit of a designated portfolio of securities (the “Deposit Securities”) per each Creation Unit or (ii) the cash value of the Deposit Securities (“Deposit Cash”) and (b) the Cash Component, defined and computed as described below. Together, the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the Cash Component constitute the “Fund Deposit,” the value of which equals the NAV of a Creation Unit of the Fund on any given Order Placement Date. In addition to the Fund Deposit, Authorized Participants will be charged a standard fixed transaction fee and, for purchases effected in whole or in part with Deposit Cash, a variable transaction fee intended to cover the costs the Fund incurs in acquiring portfolio securities with such Deposit Cash. See “Transaction Fees” below for additional information.
The “Cash Component” is an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the shares (per Creation Unit) and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component serves the function of compensating for any differences between the NAV per Creation Unit and the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable. The Cash Component may include a “Dividend Equivalent Payments,” which enables the Fund to make a complete distribution of dividends on the day preceding the next dividend payment date, and is an amount equal, on a per Creation Unit basis, to the dividends on all the portfolio securities of the Fund (“Dividend Securities”) with ex-dividend dates within the accumulation period for such distribution (the “Accumulation Period”), net of expenses and liabilities for such period, as if all of the Dividend Securities had been held by the Fund for the entire Accumulation Period. The Accumulation Period begins on the ex-dividend date for the Fund and ends on the day preceding the next ex-dividend date. If the Cash Component is a positive number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit exceeds the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such positive amount. If the Cash Component is a negative number (i.e., the NAV per Creation Unit is less than the market value of the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable), the Cash Component shall be such negative amount and the Authorized Participant will be entitled to receive cash in an amount equal to the Cash Component. Computation of the Cash Component excludes any stamp duty or other similar fees and expenses payable upon transfer of beneficial ownership of the Deposit Securities, if applicable, which shall be the sole responsibility of the Authorized Participant.
BBH, through NSCC, makes available on each Business Day, prior to the opening of business on the NYSE (currently 9:30 a.m., Eastern time) (the “NYSE Open”), the list of the names and the required number of shares of each Deposit Security or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, to be included in the Fund Deposit (based on information at the end of the previous Business Day) for the Fund on such day. Such Fund Deposit is subject to any applicable adjustments, as described below, in order to effect purchases of Creation Units of the Fund until such time as the next-announced composition of the Deposit Securities or the required amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, is made available.
The identity and number of shares of the Deposit Securities or the amount of Deposit Cash, as applicable, required for a Fund Deposit for the Fund may be changed from time to time by the Adviser with a view to achieving the investment objective of the Fund. Information regarding the Fund Deposit necessary for the purchase of a Creation Unit is made available to Authorized Participants and other market participants seeking to transact in Creation Unit aggregations.
The Trust reserves the right to permit or require the substitution of Deposit Cash to replace any or all Deposit Securities, including, without limitation, in situations where a Deposit Security: (i) may not be
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available in sufficient quantity for delivery; (ii) may not be eligible for transfer through the systems of DTC for corporate securities and municipal securities or the Federal Reserve System for U.S. Treasury securities; (iii) may not be eligible for trading by an Authorized Participant or the investor for which it is acting; (iv) would be restricted under the securities laws; or (v) in certain other situations (collectively, “non-standard orders”). The Trust also reserves the right to: (i) permit or require the substitution of Deposit Securities in lieu of Deposit Cash and (ii) include or remove Deposit Securities from the Fund Deposit in anticipation of portfolio rebalancing changes.
Procedures for Purchase of Creation Units. Fund Deposits must be delivered by an Authorized Participant through the Federal Reserve System (for cash and U.S. government securities), through DTC (for corporate securities and municipal securities), through a subcustody agent (for foreign securities) and/or through such other arrangements allowed by the Trust or its agents. Foreign Deposit Securities must be delivered to an account maintained on behalf of the Fund at its applicable local subcustodian. Transfer of the Fund Deposit and all applicable transaction fees must be ordered by the Authorized Participant in a timely fashion so as to ensure delivery to the account of the Fund or its agents by no later than 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the date on which the Creation Units are to be delivered (the “Settlement Date”), which for purchases is generally the second Business Day after the Order Placement Date. All questions as to the number of Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash to be delivered, as applicable, and the validity, form and eligibility (including time of receipt) for the deposit of any securities or cash, as applicable, will be determined by the Distributor, whose determination shall be final and binding. If the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, are not received in a timely manner by the Settlement Date, the purchase order may be cancelled and the Authorized Participant shall be liable to the Fund for losses, if any, resulting therefrom. Any such cancelled order may be resubmitted the following Business Day using the Fund Deposit required for such Business Day.
Investors placing orders through an Authorized Participant should allow sufficient time to permit proper submission of the purchase order by the Cut-Off Time on such Business Day. An Authorized Participant may require an investor to make certain representations or enter into agreements with respect to the order (e.g., to provide for payments of cash, when required). Investors should be aware that their particular broker may not be an Authorized Participant, in which case orders to purchase shares directly from the Fund in Creation Units would have to be placed by the investor’s broker through an Authorized Participant. In such cases, the Authorized Participant may impose additional charges on such investor. At any given time, there may be only a limited number of Authorized Participants, and only a small number of such Authorized Participants may have international capabilities.
Except as provided below, Creation Units will not be issued until the transfer of good title to the Fund of the Deposit Securities or payment of Deposit Cash, as applicable, and the payment of the Cash Component and all applicable transaction fees have been completed. In instances where the Fund accepts Deposit Securities for the purchase of a Creation Unit, the Creation Unit may be delivered in advance of receipt by the Fund of all or a portion of the applicable Deposit Securities as described below. In these circumstances, in addition to available Deposit Securities, cash must be deposited in an amount equal to the sum of (i) the Cash Component, (ii) all applicable transaction fees and (iii) an additional amount of cash equal to a percentage of the market value, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the undelivered Deposit Securities (the “Cash Collateral”), which shall be maintained by BBH in a general non-interest bearing collateral account. An additional amount of cash shall be required to be deposited with the Fund, pending delivery of the missing Deposit Securities, to the extent necessary to maintain the Cash Collateral with the Fund in an amount at least equal to the applicable percentage, as set forth in the Participant Agreement, of the daily marked to market value of the missing Deposit Securities. The Fund may use such Cash Collateral to buy the missing Deposit Securities at any time. Authorized Participants will be liable to the Fund for all costs, expenses, dividends, income and taxes associated with missing Deposit Securities, including the costs incurred by the Fund in connection with any such purchases. These costs will be deemed to include the amount by which the actual purchase price of the Deposit Securities exceeds the market value of such Deposit Securities on the Order Placement Date plus the brokerage and related transaction costs associated with such purchases. The Fund will return any unused portion of the Cash Collateral once all of the missing Deposit Securities have been properly received by BBH. The delivery of Creation Units so created generally will occur no later than the Settlement Date.
The Distributor reserves the right to reject a purchase order in its discretion, including, without limitation, if (a) the order is not in proper form; (b) the Deposit Securities or Deposit Cash, as applicable, delivered by the Authorized Participant do not match those disseminated through the facilities of NSCC
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for that date; (c) the investor(s), upon obtaining the shares ordered, would own 80% or more of the currently outstanding shares of the Fund; (d) the acceptance of the Fund Deposit would, in the opinion of counsel, be unlawful; (e) the acceptance or receipt of the order for a Creation Unit would, in the opinion of counsel to the Fund, be unlawful; or (f) in the event that circumstances outside the control of the Fund, the Distributor, BBH and/or the Adviser make it for all practical purposes not feasible to process orders for Creation Units (examples of such circumstances include acts of God or public service or utility problems such as fires, floods, extreme weather conditions and power outages resulting in telephone, telecopy and computer failures; market conditions or activities causing trading halts; systems failures involving computer or other information systems affecting the Fund, the Distributor, BBH, DTC, NSCC, Federal Reserve System, or any other participant in the creation process; and other extraordinary events). The Fund or its agents shall communicate to the Authorized Participant the rejection of an order. The Fund, the Distributor and BBH are under no duty, however, to give notification of any defects or irregularities in any order or in the delivery of Fund Deposits, nor shall any of them incur any liability for the failure to give any such notification. The Fund, the Distributor and BBH shall not be liable for the rejection of any purchase order for Creation Units.
Redemption
Shares may be redeemed only in Creation Units at their NAV next determined after receipt of a redemption request in proper form on a Business Day. EXCEPT UPON LIQUIDATION OF THE FUND, THE FUND WILL NOT REDEEM SHARES IN AMOUNTS LESS THAN CREATION UNITS. Investors must accumulate enough Fund shares in the secondary market to constitute a Creation Unit in order to have such shares redeemed by the Fund. There can be no assurance, however, that there will be sufficient liquidity in the public trading market at any time to permit assembly of a Creation Unit. Investors should expect to incur brokerage and other costs in connection with assembling a sufficient number of Fund shares to constitute a redeemable Creation Unit.
Redemption proceeds for a Creation Unit will be paid either in-kind or in cash, or a combination thereof, as disclosed by BBH prior to the NYSE Open. With respect to in-kind redemptions, BBH, through NSCC, makes available prior to the NYSE Open on each Business Day the list of the names and share quantities of the Fund’s portfolio securities (subject to possible amendment or correction) that will be distributed upon the receipt of redemption requests in proper form prior to the Cut-Off Time on that day (“Fund Securities”).
In connection with any in-kind redemptions, Authorized Participants will also pay or receive cash in an amount equal to the difference between the NAV of the Creation Units being redeemed and the value of the Fund Securities received (the “Cash Redemption Component”). In the event that the Fund Securities have a value greater than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential is required to be paid to the Fund by the Authorized Participant. In the event that the Fund Securities have a value less than the NAV of the Creation Units, a Cash Redemption Component equal to the differential will be paid by the Fund to the Authorized Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at the Fund’s discretion, an Authorized Participant may receive the corresponding cash value of all or a portion of the Fund Securities.
Procedures for Redemption of Creation Units. After an order for redemption in proper form has been received, the Fund will initiate procedures to transfer the requisite Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to the Authorized Participant by the Settlement Date. With respect to in-kind redemptions of the Fund, the calculation of the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered upon redemption will be made by BBH according to the procedures set forth under “Determination of Net Asset Value,” computed on the Order Placement Date. Therefore, if a redemption order in proper form is submitted by an Authorized Participant by the Cut-Off Time on the Order Placement Date, and the requisite number of shares of the Fund are delivered to BBH prior to 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, then the value of the Fund Securities and the Cash Redemption Component to be delivered will be determined on such Order Placement Date. If the requisite number of shares of the Fund are not delivered by 3:00 p.m. Eastern time on the Settlement Date, the Fund will not release the Fund Securities for delivery unless collateral is posted in such percentage amount of missing shares as set forth in the Participant Agreement (marked to market daily).
In order to take delivery of Fund Securities upon redemption of Creation Units, an Authorized Participant must maintain appropriate custody arrangements with a qualified broker-dealer, bank or other custody providers in each jurisdiction in which any of the Fund Securities are customarily traded (or such other arrangements as allowed by the Fund or its agents), to which account such Fund Securities will be
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delivered. Deliveries of redemption proceeds generally will be made within two Business Days of the Order Placement Date.
If it is not possible to effect deliveries of the Fund Securities, the Fund may, in its sole discretion, exercise its option to redeem shares in cash, and the redeeming Authorized Participant will be required to receive its redemption proceeds in cash. In addition, an Authorized Participant may request a redemption in cash that the Fund may, in its sole discretion, permit. In either case, the Authorized Participant will receive a cash payment equal to the NAV of its shares on the Order Placement Date, minus a fixed transaction fee and an additional variable transaction fee, each as described in further detail below under “Transaction Fees,” to offset the Trust’s brokerage and other transaction costs associated with the disposition of portfolio securities necessary to fund the redemption in cash.
Redemptions of shares for Fund Securities will be subject to compliance with applicable federal and state securities laws, and the Fund (whether or not it otherwise permits cash redemptions) reserves the right to redeem Creation Units for cash to the extent that it could not lawfully deliver specific Fund Securities or could not do so without first registering the Fund Securities under such laws. An Authorized Participant (or a client for which it is acting) subject to a legal restriction with respect to a particular security included in the Fund Securities may be paid an equivalent amount of cash. The Authorized Participant may request a redeeming client to complete certain documentation with respect to such matters. Further, an Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer” (“QIB”), as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the 1933 Act, will not be able to receive Fund Securities that are restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A. An Authorized Participant may be required by the Fund to provide a written confirmation with respect to QIB status in order to receive Fund Securities. Redemptions effected in cash will be subject to applicable transaction fees.
The right of redemption may be suspended or the Settlement Date postponed with respect to the Fund (1) for any period during which the Listing Exchange is closed (other than customary weekend and holiday closings); (2) for any period during which trading on the Listing Exchange is suspended or restricted; (3) for any period during which an emergency exists as a result of which redemption of shares of the Fund or determination of the NAV of the shares is not reasonably practicable; or (4) in such other circumstance as is permitted by the SEC.
Required Early Submission of Orders
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Fund may require orders to be placed earlier than the normal Cut-Off Time, and in certain circumstances up to 23 hours prior to the normal Cut-Off Time. Authorized Participants will be notified in the event that the Cut-Off Time for an order will be earlier than normal on any particular Business Day. Orders to purchase shares that are submitted on the Business Day immediately preceding a holiday or a day (other than a weekend) that the markets in the relevant foreign market are closed may not be accepted.
Transaction Fees
Transaction fees, as set forth in the table below, are imposed to cover transaction costs associated with the purchase or redemption of Creation Units, as applicable. Authorized Participants will be required to pay a fixed creation transaction fee and/or a fixed redemption transaction fee, as applicable, on a given day that does not vary with the number of Creation Units created or redeemed on that day. Additional variable transaction fees will be applied to certain creation and redemption transactions, including non-standard orders and whole or partial cash purchases or redemptions. The following table shows, as of the date of this SAI, the approximate value of one Creation Unit and the standard fixed and maximum additional variable transaction fees for creations and redemptions (as described above):
Approximate Value |
Creation |
Standard |
Maximum |
Maximum | ||
$257,900 |
10,000 |
$250 |
3.0% |
2.0% |
* As a percentage of the NAV per Creation Unit, inclusive, in the case of redemptions, of the standard redemption transaction fee.
The Fund may adjust the transaction fees from time to time upon notice to Authorized Participants. The Adviser may also from time to time cover the cost of any transaction fees if it determines it is in the Fund’s best interest.
In addition, with respect to creation orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the securities constituting the Deposit Securities to the Fund and with respect to
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redemption orders, Authorized Participants are responsible for the costs of transferring the Fund Securities from the Fund to their account or as otherwise specified on their order. Investors who use the services of a broker or other such intermediary may also be charged a fee by such intermediary for such services.
DETERMINATION OF NET ASSET VALUE
The Fund’s NAV is determined as set forth in the Prospectus under “General Information—Net Asset Value.” Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Prospectus, the Fund’s determination of net asset value will comply with Rule 2a-5 under the 1940 Act.
CAPITAL STOCK
The Fund issues shares of beneficial interest, par value $.01 per share. The Board has the right to establish additional series in the future, to determine the preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges thereof and to modify such preferences, voting powers, rights and privileges without shareholder approval.
The Trust is not required to and does not intend to hold annual meetings of shareholders. The Trust’s Declaration of Trust (the “Declaration”) requires a shareholder vote only on those matters where the 1940 Act requires a vote of shareholders and otherwise permits the Trustees to take actions without seeking the consent of shareholders. For example, the Declaration gives the Trustees the authority to approve reorganizations between the Fund and another entity, such as another ETF, or the sale of all or substantially all of the Fund’s assets, or the termination of the Trust or the Fund without shareholder approval if the 1940 Act would not require such approval. Each share has one vote with respect to matters upon which a shareholder vote is required, consistent with the requirements of the 1940 Act and the rules promulgated thereunder. Shares of all series of the Trust vote together as a single class except as otherwise required by the 1940 Act, or if the matter being voted on affects only a particular series; and, if a matter affects a particular series differently from other series, the shares of that series will vote separately on such matter.
The Trustees establish the number of Trustees and may fill vacancies on the Board, except when election of Trustees by the shareholders is required under the 1940 Act. Trustees are then elected by a plurality of votes cast by shareholders at a meeting at which a quorum is present. The Declaration also provides that Trustees may be removed, with cause, by a vote of shareholders holding at least two-thirds of the voting power of the Trust, or by a vote of two-thirds of the remaining Trustees. “Cause” requires willful misconduct, dishonesty, fraud or a felony conviction. The provisions of the Declaration relating to the election and removal of Trustees may not be amended without the approval of two-thirds of the Trustees.
Under the Declaration, by becoming a shareholder of the Fund, each shareholder is expressly held to have agreed to be bound by the provisions of the Declaration and the Trust’s By-laws. The Declaration may, except in limited circumstances, be amended by the Trustees in any respect without a shareholder vote. Shareholders may be required to disclose information on direct or indirect ownership of Fund shares in order to comply with various laws applicable to the Fund or as the Trustees may determine, and ownership of Fund shares may be disclosed by the Fund if so required by law or regulation. In addition, pursuant to the Declaration, the Trustees may, in their discretion, require the Trust to redeem shares held by any shareholder for any reason under terms set by the Trustees.
In order to permit legitimate inquiries and claims while avoiding the time, expense, distraction and other harm that can be caused to the Fund or its shareholders as a result of spurious shareholder claims, demands and derivative actions, the Declaration provides a detailed process for the bringing of derivative actions by shareholders, and provides that actions that are derivative in nature may not be brought directly. Consistent with applicable Massachusetts law, prior to bringing a derivative action, a demand must first be made on the Trustees. The Declaration details various information, certifications, undertakings and acknowledgements that must be included in the demand. If a majority of the Trustees who are considered independent for the purposes of considering the demand determine that maintaining the suit would not be in the best interests of the Fund, the Trustees are required to reject the demand and the complaining shareholder may not proceed with the derivative action unless the shareholder is able to sustain the burden of proof to a court that the decision of the Trustees not to pursue the requested action was not a good faith exercise of their business judgment on behalf of the Fund. In making such a determination, a Trustee is not considered to have a personal financial interest by virtue of being
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compensated for his or her services as a Trustee. If a demand is rejected, the complaining shareholder may be responsible for the Fund’s costs and expenses if a court determines that a derivative action was made without reasonable cause or for an improper purpose, if a derivative or direct action is dismissed on the basis of a failure to comply with the procedural provisions relating to shareholder actions as set forth in the Declaration or if a direct action is dismissed by a court for failure to state a claim. Any shareholder bringing an action against the Fund waives the right to trial by jury to the fullest extent permitted by law and any action commenced by a shareholder may be brought only in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts (Boston Division) or if any such action may not be brought in that court, then in the Business Litigation Session of Suffolk Superior Court in Massachusetts (the “Chosen Courts”), under the terms of the Declaration. Except as prohibited by law, if a shareholder commences an applicable action in a court other than a Chosen Court, the shareholder may be obligated to reimburse the Fund and any applicable Trustee or officer of the Fund made party to such proceeding for the costs and expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred in connection with any successful motion to dismiss, stay or transfer of the action.
The Declaration specifically provides, however, that no provision of the Declaration is effective to require a waiver of compliance with any provision of, or restrict any shareholder rights expressly granted by, the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or the 1940 Act, or any rule, regulation or order of the Securities and Exchange Commission thereunder. The provisions of the Declaration are severable, and if the Trustees determine, with the advice of counsel, that any such provision, in whole or in part, conflict with applicable laws and regulations, the conflicting provisions, or part or parts thereof, will be deemed to be not part of the Declaration (provided, that any such determination will not render any of the remaining provisions invalid or improper).
Under Massachusetts law applicable to Massachusetts business trusts, shareholders of such a trust may, under certain circumstances, be held personally liable as partners for its obligations. However, the Declaration contains an express disclaimer of shareholder liability for acts or obligations of the Trust and requires that notice of this disclaimer be given in each agreement, obligation or instrument entered into or executed by the Trust or the Trustees. The Declaration further provides for indemnification out of the assets and property of the Trust for all losses and expenses of any shareholder held personally liable for the obligations of the Trust. Thus, the risk of a shareholder incurring financial loss on account of shareholder liability is limited to circumstances in which both inadequate insurance existed and the Trust or the Fund itself was unable to meet its obligations. The Trust believes the likelihood of the occurrence of these circumstances is remote.
The Declaration further provides that a Trustee acting in his or her capacity as Trustee is not personally liable to any person other than the Trust or its series, in connection with the affairs of the Trust or for any act, omission, or obligation of the Trust. A Trustee is liable only for his or her own bad faith, willful misfeasance, gross negligence or reckless disregard of his or her duties involved in the conduct of his or her office. The Declaration requires the Trust to indemnify any persons who are or who have been Trustees, officers or employees of the Trust for any liability for actions or failure to act except to the extent prohibited by applicable federal law. In making any determination as to whether any person is entitled to the advancement of expenses in connection with a claim for which indemnification is sought, such person is entitled to a rebuttable presumption that he or she did not engage in conduct for which indemnification is not available. The Declaration provides that any Trustee who serves as chair of the Board or of a committee of the Board, lead independent Trustee, or audit committee financial expert, or in any other similar capacity will not be subject to any greater standard of care or liability because of such position.
Shareholder inquiries may be made by writing to the Trust, c/o the Distributor, Nuveen Securities, LLC, at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
TAX MATTERS
Federal Income Tax Matters
The following discussion of certain U.S. federal income tax consequences of investing in the Fund is based on the Code, U.S. Treasury regulations, and other applicable authority, all as in effect as of the date of the filing of this SAI. These authorities are subject to change by legislative or administrative action, possibly with retroactive effect. The following discussion is only a summary of some of the important U.S. federal income tax considerations generally applicable to investments in the Fund. Unless you are a tax-exempt entity or your investment in the Fund is made through a tax-deferred retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be aware of the possible tax
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consequences when the Fund makes distributions or you sell Fund shares. There may be other tax considerations applicable to particular shareholders. Shareholders should consult their own tax advisors regarding their particular situation and the possible application of foreign, state, and local tax laws.
Qualification as a Regulated Investment Company (RIC)
The Fund has elected or intends to elect to be treated, and intends to qualify each year, as a RIC under Subchapter M of the Code. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded RICs and their shareholders, the Fund must, among other things:
(a) derive at least 90% of its gross income each year from (i) dividends, interest, payments with respect to certain securities loans, gains from the sale or other disposition of stock or securities or foreign currencies, or other income (including but not limited to gains from options, futures or forward contracts) derived with respect to its business of investing in such stock, securities or currencies, and (ii) net income derived from interests in “qualified publicly traded partnerships” (as defined below);
(b) diversify its holdings so that, at the end of each quarter of its taxable year, (i) at least 50% of the market value of the Fund’s total assets consists of cash and cash items, U.S. government securities, securities of other RICs and other securities, with investments in such other securities limited with respect to any one issuer to an amount not greater than 5% of the value of the Fund’s total assets and not greater than 10% of the outstanding voting securities of such issuer, and (ii) not more than 25% of the value of the Fund’s total assets is invested, including through corporations in which the Fund owns a 20% or more voting stock interest, in (1) the securities (other than those of the U.S. government or other RICs) of any one issuer or two or more issuers that are controlled by the Fund and that are engaged in the same, similar or related trades or businesses or (2) the securities of one or more qualified publicly traded partnerships; and
(c) distribute with respect to each taxable year an amount equal to or greater than the sum of 90% of its investment company taxable income (as that term is defined in the Code without regard to the deduction for dividends paid—generally taxable ordinary income and the excess, if any, of net short-term capital gains over net long-term capital losses) and 90% of its net tax-exempt interest income.
In general, for purposes of the 90% qualifying income test described in (a) above, income derived from a partnership will be treated as qualifying income only to the extent such income is attributable to items of income of the partnership that would be qualifying income if realized directly by the Fund. However, 100% of the net income derived from an interest in a “qualified publicly traded partnership” (generally, a partnership (i) interests in which are traded on an established securities market or are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof, and (ii) that derives less than 90% of its income from the qualifying income described in clause (a)(i) of the description of the 90% qualifying income test applicable to RICs, above) will be treated as qualifying income.
Taxation of the Fund
If the Fund qualifies for treatment as a RIC, the Fund will generally not be subject to federal income tax on income and gains that are distributed in a timely manner to its shareholders in the form of dividends. The Board reserves the right not to maintain the qualification of the Fund as a RIC if it determines such course of action to be beneficial to shareholders.
If, for any taxable year, the Fund was to fail to qualify as a RIC or was to fail to meet the distribution requirement described above, it would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and distributions to its shareholders would not be deductible by the Fund in computing its taxable income. In addition, the Fund’s distributions, to the extent derived from the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, including any distributions of net long-term capital gains, would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary dividend income for federal income tax purposes. However, such dividends would be eligible, subject to any generally applicable limitations, (i) to be treated as qualified dividend income in the case of shareholders taxed as individuals and (ii) for the dividends-received deduction in the case of corporate shareholders. Moreover, the Fund would be required to pay out its earnings and profits accumulated in that year in order to qualify for treatment as a RIC in a subsequent year. Under certain circumstances, the Fund may be able to cure a failure to qualify as a RIC, but in order to do so the Fund may incur significant Fund-level taxes and may be forced to dispose of certain assets. If the Fund failed to qualify as a RIC for a period greater than two taxable years, the Fund would generally
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be required to recognize any net built-in gains with respect to certain of its assets upon a disposition of such assets within five years of qualifying as a RIC in a subsequent year.
The Fund intends to distribute at least annually to its shareholders substantially all of its investment company taxable income (computed without regard to the dividends-paid deduction) and net capital gain (the excess of the Fund’s net long-term capital gain over its net short-term capital loss). Investment income that is retained by the Fund will generally be subject to tax at regular corporate rates. If the Fund retains any net capital gain, that gain will be subject to tax at corporate rates, but the Fund may designate the retained amount as undistributed capital gains in a notice to its shareholders who (i) will be required to include in income for federal income tax purposes, as long-term capital gain, their shares of such undistributed amount, (ii) will be deemed to have paid their proportionate shares of the tax paid by the Fund on such undistributed amount against their federal income tax liabilities, if any, and (iii) will be entitled to claim refunds on a properly filed U.S. tax return to the extent the credit exceeds such liabilities. For federal income tax purposes, the tax basis of shares owned by a shareholder of the Fund will be increased by an amount equal to the difference between the amount of undistributed capital gains included in the shareholder’s gross income and the tax deemed paid by the shareholder.
If the Fund fails to distribute in a calendar year an amount at least equal to the sum of 98% of its ordinary income for such year and 98.2% of its capital gain net income for the one-year period ending October 31 of such year, plus any retained amount from the prior year, the Fund will be subject to a non-deductible 4% excise tax on the undistributed amount. For these purposes, the Fund will be treated as having distributed any amount on which it has been subject to corporate income tax for the taxable year ending within the calendar year. The Fund intends to declare and pay dividends and distributions in the amounts and at the times necessary to avoid the application of the 4% excise tax, although there can be no assurance that it will be able to do so. The Fund may in certain circumstances be required to liquidate Fund investments in order to make sufficient distributions to avoid federal excise tax liability at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so, and liquidation of investments in such circumstances may affect the ability of the Fund to satisfy the requirement for qualification as a RIC.
The Fund may elect to treat part or all of any “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in determining the Fund’s taxable income, net capital gain, net short-term capital gain, and earnings and profits. The effect of this election is to treat any such “qualified late year loss” as if it had been incurred in the succeeding taxable year in characterizing Fund distributions for any calendar year. A “qualified late year loss” generally includes net capital loss, net long-term capital loss, or net short-term capital loss incurred after October 31 of the current taxable year, and certain other late-year losses.
If the Fund has a “net capital loss” (that is, capital losses in excess of capital gains), the excess of the Fund’s net short-term capital losses over its net long-term capital gains is treated as a short-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year, and the excess (if any) of the Fund’s net long-term capital losses over its net short-term capital gains is treated as a long-term capital loss arising on the first day of the Fund’s next taxable year.
“Net capital losses” are not permitted to be deducted against a RIC’s net investment income. Instead, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, potentially subject to certain limitations, a RIC may carry net capital losses from any taxable year forward to offset capital gains in future years. The Fund is permitted to carry net capital losses forward indefinitely. To the extent subsequent capital gains are offset by such losses, they will not result in U.S. federal income tax liability to the Fund and may not be distributed as capital gains to shareholders. Generally, the Fund may not carry forward any losses other than net capital losses. The carryover of capital losses may be limited under the general loss limitation rules if the Fund experiences an ownership change as defined in the Code.
Distributions
Distributions are generally taxable whether shareholders receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional shares. Moreover, distributions on the Fund’s shares are generally subject to federal income tax as described herein to the extent they do not exceed the Fund’s realized income and gains, even though such distributions may economically represent a return of a particular shareholder’s investment. Investors may therefore wish to avoid purchasing shares at a time when the Fund’s NAV reflects gains that are either unrealized, or realized but not distributed. Realized income and gains must generally be distributed even when the Fund’s NAV also reflects unrealized losses.
Dividends and other distributions by the Fund are generally treated under the Code as received by the shareholders at the time the dividend or distribution is made. However, if any dividend or
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distribution is declared by the Fund in October, November or December of any calendar year and payable to its shareholders of record on a specified date in such a month but is actually paid during the following January, such dividend or distribution will be deemed to have been received by each shareholder on December 31 of the year in which the dividend was declared.
Distributions by the Fund of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains are determined by how long the Fund owned the assets that generated those gains, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Fund shares. Sales of assets held by the Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by the Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions from the Fund’s net capital gain that are properly reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains. For individuals, long-term capital gains are subject to tax at a maximum tax rate currently set at 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of gains from the sale of investments that the Fund owned for one year or less will be subject to tax at ordinary income rates.
For non-corporate shareholders, distributions of investment income reported by the Fund as derived from “qualified dividend income” will be taxed at rates of up to 20%, provided holding period and other requirements are met at both the shareholder and Fund level. In order for some portion of the dividends received by the Fund shareholder to be “qualified dividend income,” the Fund making the distribution must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to some portion of the dividend-paying stocks in its portfolio and the shareholder must meet holding period and other requirements with respect to the Fund’s shares. A dividend will not be treated as qualified dividend income (at either the Fund or shareholder level) (1) if the dividend is received with respect to any share of stock held for fewer than 61 days during the 121-day period beginning on the date that is 60 days before the date on which such share becomes ex-dividend with respect to such dividend (or, in the case of certain preferred stock, 91 days during the 181-day period beginning 90 days before the ex-dividend date), (2) to the extent that the recipient is under an obligation (whether pursuant to a short sale or otherwise) to make related payments with respect to positions in substantially similar or related property, (3) if the recipient elects to have the dividend income treated as investment income for purposes of the limitation on deductibility of investment interest, or (4) if the dividend is received from a foreign corporation that is (a) not eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States (with the exception of dividends paid on stock of such a foreign corporation that is readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States) or (b) treated as a passive foreign investment company. Distributions that the Fund receives from an ETF, REIT or an underlying fund taxable as a RIC will be treated as "qualified dividend income" only to the extent so reported by such ETF, REIT or underlying fund.
Certain dividends received by the Fund on stock of U.S. corporations (generally, dividends received by the Fund in respect of any share stock (1) as to which the Fund has met certain holding period requirements and (2) that is held in an unleveraged position) may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally available to corporate shareholders under the Code, provided such dividends are also appropriately reported as eligible for the dividends-received deduction by the Fund. In order to qualify for the dividends-received deduction, corporate shareholders must also meet minimum holding period requirements with respect to their Fund Shares, taking into account any holding period reductions from certain hedging or other transactions or positions that diminish their risk of loss with respect to their Fund Shares. Since the Fund is not expected to invest in stocks of U.S. corporations, the Fund's dividends generally are not expected to qualify for the dividends-received deduction for corporate shareholders.
To the extent that the Fund makes a distribution of income received by the Fund in lieu of dividends (a “substitute payment”) with respect to securities on loan pursuant to a securities lending transaction, such income will not constitute qualified dividend income to individual shareholders and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders.
Dividends and distributions from the Fund and capital gain on the sale of Fund shares are generally taken into account in determining a shareholder’s “net investment income” for purposes of the Medicare contribution tax applicable to certain individuals, estates and trusts.
If the Fund makes distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits in any taxable year, the excess distribution to each shareholder will be treated as a return of capital to the extent of the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares, and will reduce the shareholder’s tax basis in its shares. After the shareholder’s basis has been reduced to zero, any such distributions will result in a
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capital gain, assuming the shareholder holds his or her shares as capital assets. A reduction in a shareholder’s tax basis in its shares will reduce any loss or increase any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition by the shareholder of its shares.
Sale or Exchange of Shares
A sale or exchange of shares in the Fund may give rise to a gain or loss. In general, any gain or loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares and will be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than 12 months and short-term capital gain or loss if held for 12 months or less. However, any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares held for six months or less will be treated as long-term, rather than short-term, to the extent of any long-term capital gain distributions received (or deemed received) by the shareholder with respect to the shares. All or a portion of any loss realized upon a taxable disposition of shares will be disallowed if substantially identical shares of the Fund are purchased within 30 days before or after the disposition. In such a case, the basis of the newly purchased shares will be adjusted to reflect the disallowed loss.
Backup Withholding
The Fund (or financial intermediaries, such as brokers, through which a shareholder holds Fund shares) generally is required to withhold and to remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has under-reported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding. The backup withholding tax rate is 24%. Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld may be credited against the shareholder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, provided the appropriate information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”).
Federal Tax Treatment of Certain Fund Investments
Transactions of the Fund in options, futures contracts, hedging transactions, forward contracts, swap agreements, straddles and foreign currencies may be subject to various special and complex tax rules, including mark-to-market, constructive sale, straddle, wash sale and short sale rules. These rules could affect the Fund’s ability to qualify as a RIC, affect whether gains and losses recognized by the Fund are treated as ordinary income or capital gain, accelerate the recognition of income to the Fund, and/or defer the Fund’s ability to recognize losses. These rules may in turn affect the amount, timing or character of the income distributed to shareholders by the Fund. These provisions also may require the Fund to mark to market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out) which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the RIC distribution requirement and for avoiding excise taxes. Accordingly, in order to avoid certain income and excise taxes, the Fund may be required to liquidate its investments at a time when the investment adviser might not otherwise have chosen to do so. The Fund intends to monitor its transactions, intends to make appropriate tax elections, and intends to make appropriate entries in its books and records in order to mitigate the effect of these rules and preserve its qualification for treatment as a RIC.
The Fund is required, for federal income tax purposes, to mark to market and recognize as income for each taxable year its net unrealized gains and losses as of the end of such year on certain regulated futures contracts, foreign currency contracts and options that qualify as Section 1256 contracts in addition to the gains and losses actually realized with respect to such contracts during the year. Gain or loss from Section 1256 contracts that are required to be marked to market annually will generally be 60% long-term and 40% short-term capital gain or loss. Application of this rule may alter the timing and character of distributions to shareholders. The Fund may be required to defer the recognition of losses on futures contracts, options contracts and swaps to the extent of any unrecognized gains on offsetting positions held by the Fund. These provisions may also require the Fund to mark-to-market certain types of positions in its portfolio (i.e., treat them as if they were closed out), which may cause the Fund to recognize income without receiving cash with which to make distributions in amounts necessary to satisfy the Distribution Requirement and for avoiding the excise tax discussed above.
Additional Tax Information Concerning REITs
The Fund may invest in REITs. Investments in REIT equity securities may require the Fund to accrue and distribute income not yet received. To generate sufficient cash to make the requisite distributions, the Fund may be required to sell securities in its portfolio (including when it is not advantageous to do so) that it otherwise would have continued to hold. The Fund’s investments in REIT
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equity securities may at other times result in the Fund’s receipt of cash in excess of the REIT’s earnings; if the Fund distributes these amounts, these distributions could constitute a return of capital to the Fund’s shareholders for federal income tax purposes. Dividends paid by a REIT, other than capital gain distributions, will be taxable as ordinary income up to the amount of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits. Capital gain dividends paid by a REIT to the Fund will be treated as long-term capital gains by the Fund and, in turn, may be distributed by the Fund to its shareholders as a capital gain distribution. Dividends received by the Fund from a REIT generally will not constitute qualified dividend income or qualify for the dividends received deduction. If a REIT is operated in a manner such that it fails to qualify as a REIT, an investment in the REIT would become subject to double taxation, meaning the taxable income of the REIT would be subject to federal income tax at regular corporate rates without any deduction for dividends paid to shareholders and the dividends would be taxable to shareholders as ordinary income (or possibly as qualified dividend income) to the extent of the REIT’s current and accumulated earnings and profits.
The Fund may invest in REITs that hold residual interests in real estate mortgage investment conduits (“REMICs”) or which are, or have certain wholly-owned subsidiaries that are, “taxable mortgage pools” (“TMPs”). Under certain Treasury guidance, a portion of the Fund’s income from a REIT that is attributable to the REIT’s residual interest in a REMIC or equity interests in a TMP (referred to in the Code as an “excess inclusion”) will be subject to federal income tax in all events. This guidance provides that excess inclusion income of a RIC, such as the Fund, must generally be allocated to shareholders of the RIC in proportion to the dividends received by such shareholders, with the same consequences as if the shareholders held the related REMIC residual interest or TMP interests directly. In general, excess inclusion income allocated to shareholders (i) cannot be offset by net operating losses (subject to a limited exception for certain thrift institutions), (ii) will constitute unrelated business taxable income to entities (including a qualified pension plan, an individual retirement account, a 401(k) plan, a Keogh plan or other tax-exempt entity) subject to tax on unrelated business income, thereby potentially requiring such an entity, which otherwise might not be required to file a tax return, to file a tax return and pay tax on such income (see “Taxes—Tax-Exempt Shareholders” below), and (iii) in the case of a foreign shareholder, will not qualify for any reduction in U.S. federal withholding tax. The Fund does not intend to invest a substantial portion of its assets in REITs which generate excess inclusion income.
REITs in which the Fund invests often do not provide complete and final tax information to the Fund until after the time that the Fund issues a tax reporting statement. As a result, the Fund may at times find it necessary to reclassify the amount and character of its distributions after it issues a tax reporting statement. If this were to occur, the financial intermediary with whom you hold your shares will send you a corrected, final Form 1099-DIV to reflect the reclassified information. If you receive a corrected Form 1099-DIV, use the information on this corrected form, and not the information on the previously issued tax reporting statement, in completing your tax returns.
Foreign Investments
If the Fund acquires any equity interest in certain foreign investment entities (i) that receive at least 75% of their annual gross income from passive sources (such as interest, dividends, certain rents and royalties, or capital gains) or (ii) where at least 50% of the corporation’s assets (computed based on average fair market value) either produce or are held for the production of passive income (“passive foreign investment companies or “PFICs”), the Fund will generally be subject to one of the following special tax regimes: (i) the Fund may be liable for U.S. federal income tax, and an additional interest charge, on a portion of any “excess distribution” from such foreign entity or any gain from the disposition of such shares, even if the entire distribution or gain is paid out by the Fund as a dividend to its shareholders; (ii) if the Fund were able and elected to treat a PFIC as a “qualified electing fund” or “QEF”, the Fund would be required each year to include in income, and distribute to shareholders in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above, the Fund’s pro rata share of the ordinary earnings and net capital gains of the PFIC, whether or not such earnings or gains are distributed to the Fund; or (iii) the Fund may be entitled to mark-to-market annually shares of the PFIC, and in such event would be required to distribute to shareholders any such mark-to-market gains in accordance with the distribution requirements set forth above. The Fund intends to make the appropriate tax elections, if possible, and take any additional steps that are necessary to mitigate the effect of these rules. The Fund may limit and/or manage its holdings in passive foreign investment companies to limit its tax liability or maximize its return from these investments.
Income received by the Fund from sources within foreign countries (including, for example, dividends or interest on stock or securities of the non-U.S. issuers) may be subject to withholding and
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other taxes imposed by such countries. Tax treaties between such countries and the U.S. may reduce or eliminate such taxes.
Tax-Exempt Shareholders
Under current law, income of a RIC that would be treated as unrelated business taxable income (“UBTI”) if earned directly by a tax-exempt entity generally will not be attributed as UBTI to a tax-exempt entity that is a shareholder in the RIC. Notwithstanding this “blocking” effect, a tax-exempt shareholder could realize UBTI by virtue of its investment in the Fund if: (i) shares in the Fund constitute debt-financed property in the hands of the tax-exempt shareholder within the meaning of Code Section 514(b), (ii) if the Fund invests in REITs that hold residual interests in REMICs, (iii) the Fund invests in a REIT that is a taxable mortgage pool (“TMP”) or in a REIT that has a subsidiary that is a TMP, or (iv) if the Fund holds residual interests in REMICs. The IRS has issued guidance with respect to these issues and prospective shareholders, especially charitable remainder trusts, are strongly encouraged to consult their tax advisors regarding these issues. The Fund is not expected to hold any REMIC interests.
Non-U.S. Investors
In general, dividends, other than Capital Gain Dividends paid by the Fund to a shareholder that is not a “U.S. person” within the meaning of the Code are subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a rate of 30% (or lower applicable treaty rate) on distributions derived from taxable ordinary income. The Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met. Short-term capital gain dividends received by a nonresident alien individual who is present in the U.S. for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the taxable year are not exempt from this 30% withholding tax.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person is not, in general, subject to U.S. federal income tax on gains (and is not allowed a U.S. income tax deduction for losses) realized on a sale of shares of the Fund or on Capital Gain Dividends unless (i) such gain or dividend is effectively connected with the conduct of a trade or business carried on by such holder within the United States or (ii) in the case of an individual holder, the holder is present in the United States for a period or periods aggregating 183 days or more during the year of the sale or the receipt of the Capital Gain Dividend and certain other conditions are met.
Unless certain non-U.S. entities that hold Fund shares comply with IRS requirements that generally require them to report information regarding U.S. persons investing in, or holding accounts with, such entities, a 30% withholding tax may apply to Fund distributions payable to such entities and may apply to redemptions and certain capital gain dividends payable to such entities after December 31, 2018. A non-U.S. shareholder may be exempt from the withholding described in this paragraph under an applicable intergovernmental agreement between the U.S. and a foreign government, provided that the shareholder and the applicable foreign government comply with the terms of the agreement.
A beneficial holder of shares who is a non-U.S. person may be subject to state and local tax and to the U.S. federal estate tax in addition to the federal income tax consequences referred to above. If a shareholder is eligible for the benefits of a tax treaty, any income or gain effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net basis only if it is also attributable to a permanent establishment maintained by the shareholder in the United States.
Creation and Redemption of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes that exchanges securities for Creation Units generally will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between (i) the sum of the market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and any cash received by the Authorized Participant in the exchange, and (ii) the sum of the exchanger’s aggregate basis in the securities surrendered and any cash paid for such Creation Units. Any gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year and were held as capital assets in the hands of the exchanging Authorized Participant. All or a portion of any gain or loss recognized by an Authorized Participant exchanging a currency other than its functional currency for Creation Units may be treated as ordinary income or loss. A person who redeems Creation Units will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanger’s basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of any securities received plus the amount of any cash received for such Creation Units. The ability of Authorized Participants to receive a full or partial
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cash redemption of Creation Units of the Fund may limit the tax efficiency of the Fund. The IRS, however, may assert that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for a person who does not mark-to-market its holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. All or some portion of any capital gain or loss realized upon the creation of Creation Units in exchange for securities will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if securities exchanged for such Creation Units have been held for more than one year.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon the redemption of Creation Units will generally be treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares comprising the Creation Units have been held for more than one year. Otherwise, such capital gains or losses will be treated as short-term capital gains or losses.
Persons exchanging securities for Creation Units should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the tax treatment of any creation or redemption transaction and whether the wash sales rule applies and when a loss might be deductible.
Section 351
The Trust on behalf of the Fund has the right to reject an order for a purchase of shares of the Fund if the purchaser (or any group of purchasers) would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund and if, pursuant to Section 351 of the Code, the Fund would have a basis in the securities different from the market value of such securities on the date of deposit. The Trust also has the right to require information necessary to determine beneficial share ownership for purposes of the 80% determination. If the Fund does issue Creation Units to a purchaser (or a group of purchasers) that would, upon obtaining the shares so ordered, own 80% or more of the outstanding shares of the Fund, the purchaser (or a group of purchasers) may not recognize gain or loss upon the exchange of securities for Creation Units.
Certain Reporting Regulations
Under U.S. Treasury regulations, generally, if a shareholder recognizes a loss of $2 million or more for an individual shareholder or $10 million or more for a corporate shareholder (or certain greater amounts over a combination of years), the shareholder must file with the IRS a disclosure statement on IRS Form 8886. Direct shareholders of portfolio securities are in many cases excepted from this reporting requirement, but under current guidance, shareholders of a RIC are not excepted. Significant penalties may be imposed for the failure to comply with the reporting regulations. The fact that a loss is reportable under these regulations does not affect the legal determination of whether the taxpayer’s treatment of the loss is proper. Shareholders should consult their tax advisors to determine the applicability of these regulations in light of their individual circumstances.
Cost Basis Reporting
The cost basis of shares acquired by purchase will generally be based on the amount paid for the shares and then may be subsequently adjusted for other applicable transactions as required by the Code. The difference between the selling price and the cost basis of shares generally determines the amount of the capital gain or loss realized on the sale or exchange of shares. Contact the broker through whom you purchased your shares to obtain information with respect to the available cost basis reporting methods and elections for your account.
Capital Loss Carry-Forward
When the Fund has a capital loss carry-forward, it does not make capital gain distributions until the loss has been offset or expired. As of October 31, 2023, the Fund had the following capital loss carry-forwards available for federal income tax purposes. The capital losses are not subject to expiration.
Fund |
Short-Term |
Long-Term |
Total | |||
Nuveen Growth |
$554,804,095 |
$153,333,995 |
$708,138,090 |
General Considerations
The federal income tax discussion set forth above is for general information only. Prospective investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the specific federal income tax consequences of purchasing, holding and disposing of shares of the Fund, as well as the effect of state, local and foreign tax law and any proposed tax law changes.
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DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
The Fund intends to pay out dividends, if any, on an annual basis. The Fund intends to distribute its net realized capital gains, if any, to investors annually. The Fund may occasionally be required to make supplemental distributions at some other time during the year. Distributions in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option available. Your broker is responsible for distributing the income and capital gain distributions to you.
The Trust reserves the right to declare special distributions if, in its reasonable discretion, such action is necessary or advisable to preserve the status of the Fund as a RIC or to avoid imposition of income or excise taxes on undistributed income.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The audited financial statements for the Fund’s most recent fiscal year appear in the Fund’s Annual Report dated October 31, 2023. The Fund’s Annual Report is incorporated by reference into this SAI and is available without charge by calling (800) 257-8787.
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Appendix A
Nuveen proxy voting policies
Nuveen proxy voting guidelines
Applicability
These Guidelines apply to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”)
I. Introduction
Our voting practices are guided by our fiduciary obligations to our clients.
These Guidelines set forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on proxy matters involving publicly traded portfolio companies held in client portfolios, and serve to assist clients, portfolio companies and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related issues.
We vote proxies in accordance with what we believe is in the best interest of our clients. In making those decisions, we are principally guided by enhancing long-term shareholder value, and may take into account many factors, including input from our investment teams and third-party research.
As indicated in these Guidelines, we monitor portfolio companies’ environmental, social and governance (ESG) practices in an effort to ensure that boards consider these factors in the context of their strategic deliberations consistent with the aim of preserving and enhancing long-term shareholder value. It is our belief that a one-size-fits-all approach to proxy voting is not appropriate and we may vote differently on the same proposal given the portfolio company’s individual circumstances. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
The Guidelines are implemented by Nuveen’s Stewardship Group and applied in consideration of the facts and circumstances of the particular resolution. The Stewardship Group relies on its professional judgment, informed by proprietary research and reports provided by various third-party research providers. The portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines if such portfolio manager determines it is in the best interest of the respective Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for votes submitted contrary to the Guidelines will be documented and maintained.
II. Accountability and transparency
Board of directors
Elect directors
General Policy: We generally vote in favor of the board’s nominees but will consider withholding or voting against some or all directors in the following circumstances:
When we conclude that the actions of directors are unlawful, unethical, negligent, or do not meet fiduciary standards of care and loyalty, or are otherwise not in the best interest of shareholders. Such actions would include:
Egregious compensation practices
Lack of responsiveness to a failed vote
Unequal treatment of shareholders
Adoption of inappropriate antitakeover devices
When a director has consistently failed to attend board and committee meetings without an appropriate rationale being provided
Independence
When board independence is not in line with local market regulations or best practices
When a member of executive management sits on a key board committee that should be composed of only independent directors
When directors have failed to disclose, resolve or eliminate conflicts of interest that affect their decisions
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Board refreshment
When there is insufficient diversity on the board and the company has not demonstrated its commitment to making the board more diverse
When we determine that director tenure is excessive and there has been no recent board refreshment
Contested elections
General Policy: We will support the candidates we believe will represent the best interests of shareholders.
Majority vote for the election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that companies amend their governance documents to provide for director election by majority vote.
Establish specific board committees
General Policy: We generally vote against shareholder resolutions asking the company to establish specific board committees unless we believe specific circumstances dictate otherwise.
Annual election of directors
General Policy: We generally support shareholder resolutions asking that each member of the board of a publicly traded operating company stand for re-election annually.
Cumulative voting
General Policy: We generally do not support proposals asking that shareholders be allowed to cumulate votes in director elections, as this practice may encourage the election of special interest directors.
Separation of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
General Policy: We will consider supporting shareholder resolutions asking that the roles of chairman and CEO be separated when we believe the company’s board structure and operation has insufficient features of independent board leadership, such as the lack of a lead independent director. In addition, we may also support resolutions on a case-by-case basis where we believe, in practice, that there is not a bona fide lead independent director acting with robust responsibilities or the company’s ESG practices or business performance suggest a material deficiency in independent influence into the company’s strategy and oversight.
Shareholder rights
Proxy access
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder proposals asking that the company implement a form of proxy access. In making our voting decision, we will consider several factors, including, but not limited to: current performance of the company, minimum filing thresholds, holding periods, number of director nominees that can be elected, existing governance issues and board/management responsiveness to material shareholder concerns.
Ratification of auditor
General Policy: We will generally support the board’s choice of auditor and believe that the auditor should be elected annually. However, we will consider voting against the ratification of an audit firm where non-audit fees are excessive, where the firm has been involved in conflict of interest or fraudulent activities in connection with the company’s audit, where there has been a material restatement of financials or where the auditor’s independence is questionable.
Supermajority vote requirements
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of supermajority vote requirements.
Dual-class common stock and unequal voting rights
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the elimination of dual classes of common stock or other forms of equity with unequal voting rights or special privileges.
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Right to call a special meeting
General Policy: We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking for the right to call a special meeting. However, we believe a 25% ownership level is reasonable and generally would not be supportive of proposals to lower the threshold if it is already at that level.
Right to act by written consent
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions requesting the right to act by written consent.
Antitakeover devices (poison pills)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals relating to the adoption or rescission of antitakeover devices with attention to the following criteria:
Whether the company has demonstrated a need for antitakeover protection
Whether the provisions of the device are in line with generally accepted governance principles
Whether the company has submitted the device for shareholder approval
Whether the proposal arises in the context of a takeover bid or contest for control
We will generally support shareholder resolutions asking to rescind or put to a shareholder vote antitakeover devices that were adopted without shareholder approval.
Reincorporation
General Policy: We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis proposals for reincorporation taking into account the intention of the proposal and the established laws of the new domicile and jurisprudence of the target domicile. We will not support the proposal if we believe the intention is to take advantage of laws or judicial interpretations that provide antitakeover protection or otherwise reduce shareholder rights.
Corporate political influence
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s direct political contributions, including board oversight procedures.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s charitable contributions and other philanthropic activities.
We may consider not supporting shareholder resolutions that appear to promote a political agenda that is contrary to the long-term health of the corporation.
We will evaluate on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of a company’s lobbying expenditures.
Closed-end funds
We recognize that many exchange-listed closed-end funds (“CEFs”) have adopted particular corporate governance practices that deviate from certain policies set forth in the Guidelines. We believe that the distinctive structure of CEFs can provide important benefits to investors, but leaves CEFs uniquely vulnerable to opportunistic traders seeking short-term gains at the expense of long-term shareholders. Thus, to protect the interests of their long-term shareholders, many CEFs have adopted measures to defend against attacks from short-term-oriented activist investors. As such, in light of the unique nature of CEFs and their differences in corporate governance practices from operating companies, we will consider on a case-by-case basis proposals involving the adoption of defensive measures by CEFs. This is consistent with our approach to proxy voting that recognizes the importance of case-by-case analysis to ensure alignment with investment team views, and voting in accordance with the best interest of our shareholders.
Compensation issues
Advisory votes on executive compensation (say on pay)
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis the advisory vote on executive compensation (say on pay). We expect well-designed plans that clearly demonstrate the alignment between pay and performance, and we encourage companies to be responsive to low levels of support by engaging with shareholders. We also prefer that companies offer an annual non-binding vote on executive compensation. In absence of an annual vote, companies should clearly articulate the rationale behind offering the vote less frequently.
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We generally note the following red flags when evaluating executive compensation plans:
Undisclosed or Inadequate Performance Metrics: We believe that performance goals for compensation plans should be disclosed meaningfully. Performance hurdles should not be too easily attainable. Disclosure of these metrics should enable shareholders to assess whether the plan will drive long-term value creation.
Excessive Equity Grants: We will examine a company’s past grants to determine the rate at which shares are being issued. We will also seek to ensure that equity is being offered to more than just the top executives at the company. A pattern of excessive grants can indicate failure by the board to properly monitor executive compensation and its costs.
Lack of Minimum Vesting Requirements: We believe that companies should establish minimum vesting guidelines for senior executives who receive stock grants. Vesting requirements help influence executives to focus on maximizing the company’s long-term performance rather than managing for short-term gain.
Misalignment of Interests: We support equity ownership requirements for senior executives and directors to align their interests with those of shareholders.
Special Award Grants: We will generally not support mega-grants. A company’s history of such excessive grant practices may prompt us to vote against the stock plans and the directors who approve them. Mega-grants include equity grants that are excessive in relation to other forms of compensation or to the compensation of other employees and grants that transfer disproportionate value to senior executives without relation to their performance. We also expect companies to provide a rationale for any other one-time awards such as a guaranteed bonus or a retention award.
Excess Discretion: We will generally not support plans where significant terms of awards—such as coverage, option price, or type of awards—are unspecified, or where the board has too much discretion to override minimum vesting or performance requirements.
Lack of Clawback Policy: We believe companies should establish clawback policies that permit recoupment from any senior executive who received compensation as a result of defective financial reporting, or whose behavior caused financial harm to shareholders or reputational risk to the company.
Equity-based compensation plans
General Policy: We will review equity-based compensation plans on a case-by-case basis, giving closer scrutiny to companies where plans include features that are not performance-based or where potential dilution or burn rate total is excessive. As a practical matter, we recognize that more dilutive broad-based plans may be appropriate for human-capital intensive industries and for small- or mid-capitalization firms and start-up companies.
We generally note the following red flags when evaluating equity incentive plans:
Evergreen Features: We will generally not support option plans that contain evergreen features, which reserve a specified percentage of outstanding shares for award each year and lack a termination date.
Reload Options: We will generally not support reload options that are automatically replaced at market price following exercise of initial grants.
Repricing Options: We will generally not support plans that authorize repricing. However, we will consider on a case-by-case basis management proposals seeking shareholder approval to reprice options. We are likely to vote in favor of repricing in cases where the company excludes named executive officers and board members and ties the repricing to a significant reduction in the number of options.
Undisclosed or Inappropriate Option Pricing: We will generally not support plans that fail to specify exercise prices or that establish exercise prices below fair market value on the date of grant.
Golden parachutes
General Policy: We will vote on a case-by-case basis on golden parachute proposals, taking into account the structure of the agreement and the circumstances of the situation. However, we would prefer to see a double trigger on all change-of-control agreements and no excise tax gross-up.
Shareholder resolutions on executive compensation
General Policy: We will consider on a case-by-case basis shareholder resolutions related to specific compensation practices. Generally, we believe specific practices are the purview of the board.
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III. Guidelines for ESG shareholder resolutions
We generally support shareholder resolutions seeking reasonable disclosure of the environmental or social impact of a company’s policies, operations or products. We believe that a company’s management and directors should determine the strategic impact of environmental and social issues and disclose how they are dealing with these issues to mitigate risk and advance long-term shareholder value.
Environmental issues
Global climate change
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure of greenhouse gas emissions, the impact of climate change on a company’s business activities and products and strategies designed to reduce the company’s long-term impact on the global climate.
Use of natural resources
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s use of natural resources, the impact on its business of declining resources and its plans to improve the efficiency of its use of natural resources.
Impact on ecosystems
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s initiatives to reduce any harmful impacts or other hazards to local, regional or global ecosystems that result from its operations or activities.
Animal welfare
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking for reports on the company’s impact on animal welfare.
Issues related to customers
Product responsibility
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure relating to the quality, safety and impact of a company’s goods and services on the customers and communities it serves.
Predatory lending
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions asking companies for disclosure about the impact of lending activities on borrowers and about policies designed to prevent predatory lending practices.
Issues related to employees and suppliers
Diversity and nondiscrimination
General Policies:
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s nondiscrimination policies and practices, or seeking to implement such policies, including equal employment opportunity standards.
We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to a company’s workforce, board diversity, and gender pay equity policies and practices.
Global labor standards
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s labor standards and enforcement practices, as well as the establishment of global labor policies based upon internationally recognized standards.
Issues related to communities
Corporate response to global health risks
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking disclosure or reports relating to significant public health impacts resulting from company operations and products, as well as the impact of global health pandemics on the company’s operations and long-term growth.
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Global human rights codes of conduct
General Policy: We will generally support reasonable shareholder resolutions seeking a review of a company’s human rights standards and the establishment of global human rights policies, especially regarding company operations in conflict zones or areas of weak governance.
Disclosures
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, Teachers Advisors, LLC, and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC are SEC registered investment advisers and subsidiaries of Nuveen, LLC
Nuveen proxy voting policy
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC, (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”), (each an “Adviser” and, collectively, referred to as the “Advisers”)
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting is the primary means by which shareholders may influence a publicly traded company’s governance and operations and thus create the potential for value and positive long-term investment performance. When an SEC registered investment adviser has proxy voting authority, the adviser has a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of its clients and must not subrogate its clients’ interests to its own. In their capacity as fiduciaries and investment advisers, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively, the “Advisers”) vote proxies for the Portfolio Companies held by their respective clients, including investment companies and other pooled investment vehicles, institutional and retail separate accounts, and other clients as applicable. The Advisers have adopted this Policy, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines, and the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy for voting the proxies of the Portfolio Companies they manage. The Advisers leverage the expertise and services of an internal group referred to as Nuveen’s Stewardship Group to administer the Advisers’ proxy voting. The Stewardship Group adheres to the Advisers’ Proxy Voting Guidelines which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote client securities in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Policy statement
Proxy voting is a key component of a Portfolio Company’s corporate governance program and is the primary method for exercising shareholder rights and influencing the Portfolio Company’s behavior. Nuveen makes informed voting decisions in compliance with Rule 206(4)-6 (the “Rule”) of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), and applicable laws and regulations (e.g., the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, “ERISA”).
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers intend to vote on specific voting categories, and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers intend to vote on proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution. While the Guidelines are developed, maintained, and implemented by the Stewardship Group, and reviewed by the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee, the portfolio managers of the Advisers maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted.
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Portfolio Company includes any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser.
Policy requirements
Investment advisers, in accordance with the Rule, are required to (i) adopt and implement written policies and procedures that are reasonably designed to ensure that proxies are voted in the best interest of clients, and address resolution of material conflicts that may arise, (ii) describe their proxy voting procedures to their clients and provide copies on request, and (iii) disclose to clients how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
The Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, the Stewardship Group and Nuveen Compliance are subject to the respective requirements outlined below under “Roles and Responsibilities.”
Although it is the general policy to vote all applicable proxies received in a timely fashion with respect to securities selected by an Adviser for current clients, the Adviser may refrain from voting in certain circumstances where such voting would be disadvantageous, materially burdensome or impractical, or otherwise inconsistent with the overall best interest of clients.
Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
The purpose of the Committee is to establish a governance framework to oversee the proxy voting activities of the Advisers in accordance with the Policy. The Committee’s voting members will be comprised from Research, the Advisers, and Nuveen’s Stewardship Group. Non-voting members will be comprised from Nuveen Legal, Nuveen Compliance, Nuveen Advisory Product, and Nuveen Investment Risk. The Committee may invite others on a standing, routine and/or ad hoc basis to attend Committee meetings. The CCOs of CREF/TC Funds and the Nuveen Funds shall be standing, non-voting invitees. The Committee has delegated responsibility for the implementation and ongoing administration of the Policy to the Stewardship Group, subject to the Committee’s ultimate oversight and responsibility as outlined in the Committee’s Proxy Voting Charter.
Advisers
1. Advisory Personnel maintain the ultimate decision-making authority with respect to how proxies will be voted, unless otherwise instructed by a client, and may determine to vote contrary to the Guidelines and/or a vote recommendation of the Stewardship Group if such Advisory Personnel determines it is in the best interest of the Adviser’s clients to do so. The rationale for all such contrary vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
2. When voting proxies for different groups of client accounts, Advisory Personnel may vote proxies held by the respective client accounts differently depending on the facts and circumstances specific to such client accounts. The rationale for all such vote determinations will be documented and maintained.
3. Advisory Personnel must comply with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Performs day-to-day administration of the Advisers’ proxy voting processes.
2. Seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines, which have been constructed in a manner intended to align with the best interests of clients. In applying the Guidelines, the Stewardship Group, on behalf of the Advisers, takes into account several factors, including, but not limited to:
Input from Advisory Personnel
Third-party research
Specific Portfolio Company context, including environmental, social and governance practices, and financial performance.
3. Assists in the development of securities lending recall protocols in cooperation with the Securities Lending Committee.
4. Performs Form N-PX filings in accordance with regulatory requirements.
5. Delivers copies of the Advisers’ Policy to clients and prospective clients upon request in a timely manner, as appropriate.
6. Assists with the disclosure of proxy votes as applicable on corporate websites and elsewhere as required by applicable regulations.
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7. Prepares reports of proxies voted on behalf of the Advisers’ investment company clients to their Boards or committees thereof, as applicable.
8. Performs an annual vote reconciliation for review by the Committee.
9. Arranges the annual service provider due diligence, including a review of the service provider’s potential conflicts of interests, and presents the results to the Committee.
10. Facilitates quarterly Committee meetings, including agenda and meeting minute preparation.
11. Complies with the Nuveen Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy with respect to potential material conflicts of interest.
12. Creates and retains certain records in accordance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
13. Oversees the proxy voting service provider with respect to its responsibilities, including making and retaining certain records as required under applicable regulation.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure of the Advisers’ Policy to clients as required by regulation or otherwise.
2. Seeks to ensure proper disclosure to clients of how they may obtain information on how the Advisers voted their proxies.
3. Assists the Stewardship Group with arranging the annual service provider due diligence and presenting the results to the Committee.
4. Monitors for compliance with this Policy and retains records relating to its monitoring activities pursuant to Nuveen’s Records Management program.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provides legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if substantive changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
Nuveen proxy voting conflicts of interest policy and procedures
Applicability
This Policy applies to employees of Nuveen (“Nuveen”) acting on behalf of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“NAM”), Teachers Advisors, LLC (“TAL”) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (“TCIM”) (each an “Adviser” and collectively referred to as the “Advisers”).
Policy purpose and statement
Proxy voting by investment advisers is subject to U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations, and for accounts subject to ERISA, U.S. Department of Labor (“DOL”) requirements. These rules and regulations require policies and procedures reasonably designed to ensure proxies are voted in the best interest of clients and that such procedures set forth how the adviser addresses material conflicts that may arise between the Adviser’s interests and those of its clients. The purpose of this Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Policy and Procedures (“Policy”) is to describe how the Advisers monitor and address the risks
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associated with Material Conflicts of Interest arising out of business and personal relationships that could affect proxy voting decisions.
Nuveen’s Stewardship Group is responsible for providing vote recommendations, based on the Nuveen Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”), to the Advisers and for administering the voting of proxies on behalf of the Advisers. When determining how to vote proxies, the Stewardship Group adheres to the Guidelines, which are reasonably designed to ensure that the Advisers vote proxies in the best interests of the Advisers’ clients.
Advisers may face certain potential Material Conflicts of Interest when voting proxies. The procedures set forth below have been reasonably designed to identify, monitor, and address potential Material Conflicts of Interest to ensure that the Advisers’ voting decisions are based on the best interest of their clients and are not the product of a conflict.
Policy statement
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
Enforcement
As provided in the TIAA Code of Business Conduct, all employees are expected to comply with applicable laws and regulations, as well as the relevant policies, procedures and compliance manuals that apply to Nuveen’s business activities. Violation of this Policy may result in disciplinary action up to and including termination of employment.
Terms and definitions
Advisory Personnel includes the Advisers’ portfolio managers and research analysts.
Conflicts Watch List (“Watch List”) refers to a list maintained by the Stewardship Group based on the following:
1. The positions and relationships of the following categories of individuals are evaluated to assist in identifying a potential Material Conflict with a Portfolio Company:
i. The TIAA CEO,
ii. The Nuveen Executive Leadership Team and the Nuveen Senior Leadership Team,
iii. Stewardship Group members who provide proxy voting recommendations on behalf of the Advisers,
iv. Advisory Personnel, and
v. Household Members of the parties listed above in Nos. 1(i)–1(iv).
The following criteria constitute a potential Material Conflict:
· Any individual identified above in 1(i)–1(v) who serves on a Portfolio Company’s board of directors; and/or
· Any individual identified above in 1(v) who serves as a senior executive* of a Portfolio Company.
2. In addition, the following circumstances have been determined to constitute a potential Material Conflict:
i. Voting proxies for Funds sponsored by any Adviser and/or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity (i.e., registered investment funds and other funds that require proxy voting) held in client accounts,
ii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are direct advisory clients of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iii. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that have a material distribution relationship* with regard to the products or strategies of the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities,
iv. Voting proxies for Portfolio Companies that are institutional investment consultants with which the Advisers and/or the Nuveen Affiliated Entities have engaged for any material business opportunity† and
v. Any other circumstance where the Stewardship Group, the Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee (the “Committee”), the Advisers, Nuveen Legal or Nuveen Compliance are aware of in which the Adviser’s duty to serve its clients’ interests could be materially compromised.
In addition, certain conflicts may arise when a Proxy Service Provider or its affiliate(s) have determined and/or disclosed that a relationship exists with i) a Portfolio Company ii) an entity acting as a primary shareholder proponent with respect to a Portfolio Company or iii) another party. Such relationships include, but are not limited to, the products and services provided to, and the revenue obtained from, such Portfolio Company or its affiliates. The Proxy Service Provider is required to disclose such relationships to the Advisers, and the
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Stewardship Group reviews and evaluates the Proxy Service Provider’s disclosed conflicts of interest and associated controls annually and reports its assessment to the Committee.
Household Member includes any of the following who reside or are expected to reside in your household for at least 90 days a year: i) spouse or Domestic Partner, ii) sibling, iii) child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, grandparent, stepparent, and in-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister).
Domestic Partner is defined as an individual who is neither a relative of, or legally married to, a Nuveen employee but shares a residence and is in a mutual commitment similar to marriage with such Nuveen employee.
Material Conflicts of Interest (“Material Conflict”) A conflict of interest that reasonably could have the potential to influence a recommendation based on the criteria described in this Policy.
Nuveen Affiliated Entities refers to TIAA and entities that are under common control with the Advisers and that provide investment advisory services. TIAA and the Advisers will undertake reasonable efforts to identify and manage any potential TIAA-related conflicts of interest.
Portfolio Company refers to any publicly traded company held in an account that is managed by an Adviser or a Nuveen Affiliated Entity.
Proxy Service Provider(s) refers to any independent third-party vendor(s) who provides proxy voting administrative, research and/or recordkeeping services to Nuveen.
Proxy Voting Guidelines (the “Guidelines”) are a set of pre-determined principles setting forth the manner in which the Advisers generally intend to vote on specific voting categories and serve to assist clients, Portfolio Companies, and other interested parties in understanding how the Advisers generally intend to vote proxy-related matters. The Guidelines are not exhaustive and do not necessarily dictate how the Advisers will ultimately vote with respect to any proposal or resolution.
Proxy Voting Conflicts of Interest Escalation Form (“Escalation Form”) Used in limited circumstances as described below to formally document certain requests to deviate from the Guidelines, the rationale supporting the request, and the ultimate resolution.
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* Senior executives are defined as “C-suite” positions such as CEO, CFO, COO, CAO, CMO, CIO, CTO, etc.
† Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
Policy requirements
The Advisers have a fiduciary duty to vote proxies in the best interests of their clients and must not subrogate the interests of their clients to their own.
The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are prohibited from being influenced in their proxy voting decisions by any individual outside the established proxy voting process. The Stewardship Group and Advisory Personnel are required to report to Nuveen Compliance any individuals or parties seeking to influence proxy votes outside the established proxy voting process.
The Stewardship Group generally seeks to vote proxies in adherence to the Guidelines. In the event that a potential Material Conflict has been identified, the Committee, the Stewardship Group, Advisory Personnel and Nuveen Compliance are required to comply with the following:
Proxies are generally voted in accordance with the Guidelines. In instances where a proxy is issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, and the Stewardship Group’s vote direction is in support of company management and either contrary to the Guidelines or the Guidelines require a case-by-case review, then the Stewardship Group vote recommendation is evaluated using established criteria‡ to determine whether a potential conflict exists. In instances where it is determined a potential conflict exists, the vote direction shall default to the recommendation of an independent third-party Proxy Service Provider based on such provider’s benchmark policy. To the extent the Stewardship Group believes there is a justification to vote contrary to the Proxy Service Provider’s benchmark recommendation in such an instance, then such requests are evaluated and mitigated pursuant to an Escalation Form review process as described in the Roles and Responsibilities section below. In all cases votes are intended to be in line with the Guidelines and in the best interests of clients.
The Advisers are required to adhere to the baseline standards and guiding principles governing client and personnel conflicts as outlined in the TIAA Conflicts of Interest Policy to assist in identifying, escalating and addressing proxy voting conflicts in a timely manner.
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‡ Such criteria are defined in a separate standard operating procedure.
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Roles and responsibilities
Nuveen Proxy Voting Committee
1. Annually, review and approve the criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Review and approve the Policy annually, or more frequently as required.
3. Review Escalation Forms as described above to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
4. Review Stewardship Group Material Conflicts reporting.
5. Review and consider any other matters involving the Advisers’ proxy voting activities that are brought to the Committee.
Nuveen Stewardship Group
1. Promptly disclose Stewardship Group members’ Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Stewardship Group members must recuse themselves from all decisions related to proxy voting for the Portfolio Company seeking the proxy for which they personally have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. Compile, administer and update the Watch List promptly based on the Watch List criteria described herein as necessary.
4. Evaluate vote recommendations for Portfolio Companies on the Watch List, based on established criteria to determine whether a vote shall default to the third-party Proxy Service Provider, or whether an Escalation Form is required.
5. In instances where an Escalation Form is required as described above, the Stewardship Group member responsible for the recommendation completes and submits the form to a Stewardship Group manager and the Committee. The Stewardship Group will specify a response due date from the Committee typically no earlier than two business days from when the request was delivered. While the Stewardship Group will make reasonable efforts to provide a two-business-day notification period, in certain instances the required response date may be shortened. The Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether a Material Conflict exists and whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the existing conflict. The Committee will then provide its response in writing to the Stewardship Group member who submitted the Escalation Form.
6. Provide Nuveen Compliance with established reporting.
7. Prepare Material Conflicts reporting to the Committee and other parties, as applicable.
8. Retain Escalation Forms and responses thereto and all other relevant documentation in conformance with Nuveen’s Record Management program.
Advisory Personnel
1. Promptly disclose Material Conflicts to Nuveen Compliance.
2. Provide input and/or vote recommendations to the Stewardship Group upon request. Advisory Personnel are prohibited from providing the Stewardship Group with input and/or recommendations for any Portfolio Company for which they have disclosed, or are required to disclose, a Material Conflict.
3. From time to time as part of the Adviser’s normal course of business, Advisory Personnel may initiate an action to override the Guidelines for a particular proposal. For a proxy vote issued by a Portfolio Company on the Watch List, if Advisory Personnel request a vote against the Guidelines and in favor of Portfolio Company management, then the request will be evaluated by the Stewardship Group in accordance with their established criteria and processes described above. To the extent an Escalation Form is required, the Committee reviews the Escalation Form to determine whether the rationale of the recommendation is clearly articulated and reasonable relative to the potential Material Conflict.
Nuveen Compliance
1. Determine criteria constituting a Material Conflict involving the individuals and entities named on the Watch List.
2. Determine parties responsible for collection of, and providing identified Material Conflicts to, the Stewardship Group for inclusion on the Watch List.
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3. Perform periodic reviews of votes where Material Conflicts have been identified to determine whether the votes were cast in accordance with this Policy.
4. Develop and maintain, in consultation with the Stewardship Group, standard operating procedures to support the Policy.
5. Perform periodic monitoring to determine adherence to the Policy.
6. Administer training to the Advisers and the Stewardship Group, as applicable, to ensure applicable personnel understand Material Conflicts and disclosure responsibilities.
7. Assist the Committee with the annual review of this Policy.
Nuveen Legal
1. Provide legal guidance as requested.
Governance
Review and approval
This Policy will be reviewed at least annually and will be updated sooner if changes are necessary. The Policy Owner, the Committee and the NEFI Compliance Committee are responsible for the review and approval of this Policy.
Implementation
Nuveen has established the Committee to provide centralized management and oversight of the proxy voting process administered by the Stewardship Group for the Advisers in accordance with its Proxy Voting Committee Charter and this Policy.
Exceptions
Any request for a proposed exception or variation to this Policy will be submitted to the Committee for approval and reported to the appropriate governance committee(s), where appropriate.
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NAI-GROW-0224P |
Nushares ETF Trust
PART C—OTHER INFORMATION
Item 28. Exhibits.
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EX-101.INS | XBRL Instance Document—the Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the inline XBRL document. | |||
EX-101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | |||
EX-101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | |||
EX-101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase | |||
EX-101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase |
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
(5) |
(6) |
(7) |
(8) |
(9) |
(10) |
(11) |
(12) |
(13) |
(14) |
(15) |
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(19) |
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(20) | Filed herewith. |
(21) | To be filed by amendment. |
Item 29. Persons Controlled by or Under Common Control with the Fund.
None.
Item 30. Indemnification.
Section 5 of Article IX of Registrant’s Declaration of Trust, as amended, provides as follows:
Subject to the exceptions and limitations contained in this Section 9.5, every person who is, or has been, a Trustee, officer, or employee of the Trust, including persons who serve at the request of the Trust as directors, trustees, officers, employees or agents of another organization in which the Trust has an interest as a shareholder, creditor or otherwise (hereinafter referred to as a “Covered Person”), shall be indemnified by the Trust to the fullest extent permitted by law against liability and against all expenses reasonably incurred or paid by him in connection with any claim, action, suit or proceeding in which he becomes involved as a party or otherwise by virtue of his being or having been such a Trustee, director, officer, employee or agent and against amounts paid or incurred by him in settlement thereof.
No indemnification shall be provided hereunder to a Covered Person to the extent such indemnification is prohibited by applicable federal law.
The rights of indemnification herein provided may be insured against by policies maintained by the Trust, shall be severable, shall not affect any other rights to which any Covered Person may now or hereafter be entitled, shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be such a Covered Person and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors and administrators of such a person.
Subject to applicable federal law, expenses of preparation and presentation of a defense to any claim, action, suit or proceeding subject to a claim for indemnification under this Section 9.5 shall be advanced by the Trust prior to final disposition thereof upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the recipient to repay such amount if it is ultimately determined that he is not entitled to indemnification under this Section 9.5.
To the extent that any determination is required to be made as to whether a Covered Person engaged in conduct for which indemnification is not provided as described herein, or as to whether there is reason to believe that a Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification, the Person or Persons making the determination shall afford the Covered Person a rebuttable presumption that the Covered Person has not engaged in such conduct and that there is reason to believe that the Covered Person ultimately will be found entitled to indemnification.
As used in this Section 9.5, the words “claim,” “action,” “suit” or “proceeding” shall apply to all claims, demands, actions, suits, investigations, regulatory inquiries, proceedings or any other occurrence of a similar nature, whether actual or threatened and whether civil, criminal, administrative or other, including appeals, and the words “liability” and “expenses” shall include without limitation, attorneys’ fees, costs, judgments, amounts paid in settlement, fines, penalties and other liabilities.
The trustees and officers of the Registrant are covered by joint errors and omissions insurance policies against liability and expenses of claims of wrongful acts arising out of their position with the Registrant and other Nuveen funds, subject to such policies’ coverage limits, exclusions and retention.
Insofar as the indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “1933 Act”) may be permitted to the officers, directors or controlling persons of the Registrant
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pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by an officer or director or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such officer, director or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the 1933 Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.
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Item 31. Business and Other Connections of the Investment Advisor.
(a) Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC (“Nuveen Fund Advisors”) manages the Registrant and serves as investment adviser or manager to other open-end and closed-end management investment companies and to separately managed accounts. The principal business address for all of these investment companies and the persons named below is 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which Nuveen Fund Advisors and each director, officer or partner of Nuveen Fund Advisors is or has been engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee is as follows.
Name and Position with Nuveen Fund Advisors |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
Oluseun Salami, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer | Senior Vice President (since 2020) NIS/R&T, Inc.; Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Nuveen Alternative Advisors LLC (since 2020), Teachers Advisors, LLC (since 2020), TIAA-CREF Asset Management LLC (since 2020) and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (since 2020); Executive Vice President (since 2022), formerly, Senior Vice President (2020-2022), and Chief Financial Officer (since 2020), Nuveen, LLC; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (since 2022), Nuveen Investments, Inc.; Executive Vice President (since 2021), formerly, Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer (2018-2021), Business Finance and Planning (2020) Chief Accounting Officer (2019-2020), Corporate Controller (2018-2020), Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America; formerly, Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller, College Retirement Equities Fund, TIAA Board of Overseers, TIAA Separate Account VA-1, TIAA-CREF Funds, TIAA-CREF Life Funds (2018-2020). | |
Megan Sendlak, Managing Director and Controller | Managing Director and Controller (since 2020) of Nuveen Alternatives Advisors LLC, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC, Nuveen Investments, Inc., Teachers | |
Advisors, LLC and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Managing Director (since 2019) and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Assistant Controller (2019-2020) of Nuveen Securities, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Vice President and Corporate Accounting Director (2018-2020) of Nuveen, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2021), formerly, Vice |
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Name and Position with Nuveen Fund Advisors |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
President and Assistant Controller (2019-2021), of NIS/R&T, INC.; formerly, Vice President and Controller of NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC and Santa Barbara Asset Management, LLC (2020-2021); Vice President and Controller of Winslow Capital Management, LLC (since 2020). | ||
Michael A. Perry, President | Chief Executive Officer (since 2023), formerly, Co-Chief Executive Officer (2019-2023), Executive Vice President (2017-2019) and Managing Director (2015-2017) of Nuveen Securities, LLC; and Executive Vice President (since 2017) of Nuveen Alternative Investments, LLC. | |
Erik Mogavero, Managing Director and Chief Compliance Officer | Formerly employed by Deutsche Bank (2013- 2017) as Managing Director, Head of Asset Management and Wealth Management Compliance for the Americas region and Chief Compliance Officer of Deutsche Investment Management Americas. |
(b) Nuveen Asset Management, LLC (“Nuveen Asset Management”) serves as sub-adviser to the Registrant’s Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF, Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF, Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF, Nuveen Global Net Zero Transition ETF, Nuveen Sustainable Core ETF, Nuveen Preferred and Income ETF, Nuveen Core Plus Bond ETF, and Nuveen Ultra Short Income ETF, and also serves as investment sub-adviser to other open-end and closed-end funds and investment adviser to separately managed accounts. Nuveen Asset Management is an SEC-registered investment adviser located at 333 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60606.
A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which Nuveen Asset Management and each director, officer or partner of Nuveen Asset Management is or has been engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee is as follows.
Name and Position with Nuveen Asset Management |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
William T. Huffman, President | Executive Vice President (since 2020) of Nuveen, LLC; formerly, Executive Vice President (2020-2023) of Nuveen Securities, LLC; President, Nuveen Investments, Inc. (since 2020), Teachers Advisors, LLC and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (since 2019); Senior Managing Director (since 2019) of Nuveen Alternative Advisors LLC; Senior Managing Director (since 2022) and Chairman (since 2019) of Churchill Asset Management LLC. | |
Stuart J. Cohen, Managing Director, Head of Legal and Assistant Secretary | Managing Director and Assistant Secretary (since 2002) of Nuveen Securities, LLC; Managing Director (since 2007) and Assistant Secretary (since 2003) of Nuveen |
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Name and Position with Nuveen Asset Management |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
Fund Advisors, LLC; Managing Director, Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary (since 2023) of Nuveen Alternative Investments, LLC and (since 2019) of Teachers Advisors, LLC; Managing Director, Assistant Secretary (since 2019) and Associate General Counsel (since 2023), formerly, General Counsel (2019-2023) of TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Vice President and Assistant Secretary (since 2008) of Winslow Capital Management, LLC; formerly, Vice President (2007-2021) and Assistant Secretary (2003-2021) of NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC; formerly Vice President (2007-2021) and Assistant Secretary (2006-2021) of Santa Barbara Asset Management, LLC. | ||
Travis M. Pauley, Managing Director and Chief Compliance Officer | Regional Head of Compliance and Regulatory Legal (2013-2020) of AXA Investment Managers. | |
Megan Sendlak, Managing Director and Controller | Managing Director and Controller (since 2020) of Nuveen Alternatives Advisors LLC, Nuveen Investments, Inc., Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, Teachers Advisors, LLC and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Managing Director (since 2019) and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Assistant Controller (2019-2020), of Nuveen Securities, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Vice President and Corporate Accounting Director (2018-2020) of Nuveen, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2021), formerly, Vice President and Assistant Controller (2019-2021), of NIS/R&T, INC., formerly, Vice President and Controller of NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC and Santa Barbara Asset Management, LLC (2020-2021);Vice President and Controller of Winslow Capital Management, LLC (since 2020). |
(c) Teachers Advisors, LLC (“Teachers Advisors”) serves as sub-adviser to the Registrant’s Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF, Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF, Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF, Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF, Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF, Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF, Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF, Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF, Nuveen ESG 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF, Nuveen Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF, Nuveen ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF, Nuveen ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF, Nuveen Short-Term REIT ETF, and Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF. Teachers Advisors also provides investment management services to the TIAA-CREF Funds, TIAA-CREF Life Funds, TIAA Separate Account VA-1, and certain other registered and unregistered products. The Managing Member of Teachers Advisors is Nuveen Finance, LLC. Teachers Advisors is located at 730 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017-3206.
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A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which Teachers Advisors and each director, officer or partner of Teachers Advisors is or has been engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee is as follows.
Name and Position with Teachers Advisors |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
Stuart R. Brunet, Managing Director and Chief Compliance Officer | Chief Compliance Officer (since 2015), formerly, Director, Compliance Officer of TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Managing Director (since 2017) of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America. | |
William T. Huffman, President | Executive Vice President (since 2020) of Nuveen Securities, LLC and Nuveen, LLC; President, Nuveen Investments, Inc. (since 2020), Teachers Advisors, LLC and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC (since 2019); Senior Managing Director (since 2019) of Nuveen Alternative Advisors LLC; Senior Managing Director (since 2022) and Chairman (since 2019) of Churchill Asset Management LLC. | |
John M. McCann, Managing Director, Managing Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary | Managing Director, Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary (since 2021) of Nuveen Asset Management, LLC; Managing Director (since 2021), General Counsel and Secretary (since 2023), formerly, Assistant Secretary (2021-2023) of Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC; Managing Director (since 2021) and Assistant Secretary (since 2016) of TIAA SMA Strategies LLC; Managing Director (since 2019, formerly Vice President and Director), Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of TIAA Separate Account VA-1, TIAA-CREF Funds, TIAA-CREF Life Funds and College Retirement Equities Fund; Managing Director (since 2018, formerly, Vice President and Director), Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary of Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association of America and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Managing Director (since 2022), formerly, Vice President (2017-2022), Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary (since 2011) of Nuveen Alternative Advisors LLC; has previously held various positions with Nuveen/TIAA. | |
Megan Sendlak, Managing Director and Controller | Managing Director and Controller (since 2020) of Nuveen Alternatives Advisors LLC, Nuveen Investments, Inc., Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, Nuveen Asset Management, LLC and TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC; Managing |
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Name and Position with Teachers Advisors |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
Director (since 2019) and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Assistant Controller (2019-2020), of Nuveen Securities, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2020), formerly, Vice President and Corporate Accounting Director (2018-2020) of Nuveen, LLC; Managing Director and Controller (since 2021), formerly, Vice President and Assistant Controller (2019-2021), of NIS/R&T, INC., formerly, Vice President and Controller of NWQ Investment Management Company, LLC and Santa Barbara Asset Management, LLC (2020-2021);Vice President and Controller of Winslow Capital Management, LLC (since 2020). |
(d) Winslow Capital Management, LLC (“Winslow Capital”) serves as sub-adviser to the Registrant’s Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF. Winslow Capital is an SEC-registered investment adviser located at 4400 IDS Center, 80 South Eighth Street, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402.
A description of any other business, profession, vocation or employment of a substantial nature in which Winslow Capital and each director, officer or partner of Winslow Capital is or has been engaged within the last two fiscal years for his or her own account or in the capacity of director, officer, employee, partner or trustee is as follows.
Name and Position with Winslow Capital |
Other Business, Profession, Vocation or | |
Justin H. Kelly, Chief Executive Officer, Chief Investment Officer and Portfolio Manager | None | |
Jeff D. Wieneke, Managing Director, Chief Financial Officer | None | |
Derek M. Ciernia, Managing Director, Chief Compliance Officer and Chief Legal Officer | None | |
Megan L. Anderson, Managing Director, Chief Client Officer | None |
Item 32. Principal Underwriters.
(a) Nuveen Securities, LLC acts as principal underwriter to the following open-end management type investment companies: Nuveen Multistate Trust I, Nuveen Multistate Trust II, Nuveen Multistate Trust III, Nuveen Multistate Trust IV, Nuveen Municipal Trust, Nuveen Managed Accounts Portfolios Trust, Nuveen Investment Trust, Nuveen Investment Trust II, Nuveen Investment Trust III, Nuveen Investment Trust V, Nuveen Investment Funds, Inc., TIAA-CREF Life Funds, TIAA-CREF Funds and the Registrant.
(b)
Name and Principal |
Positions and Offices |
Positions and Offices with Registrant | ||
Kevin J. McCarthy 333 West Wacker Drive |
Executive Vice-President and Assistant Secretary | Vice President and Assistant Secretary |
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Name and Principal |
Positions and Offices |
Positions and Offices with Registrant | ||
Michael A. Perry 333 West Wacker Drive |
Chief Executive Officer | None | ||
Lucas A. Satre 333 West Wacker Drive |
Managing Director, Secretary and General Counsel | None |
(c) Not applicable.
Item 33. Location of Accounts and Records.
All accounts, books, and other documents required to be maintained by Section 31(a) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules promulgated thereunder are maintained at the addresses below.
Adviser:
Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC
333 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Sub-Advisers:
Nuveen Asset Management, LLC
333 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Teachers Advisors, LLC
730 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10017-3206
Winslow Capital Management, LLC
4400 IDS Center
80 South Eighth Street
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55402
Distributor:
Nuveen Securities, LLC
333 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, IL 60606
Custodian:
Brown Brothers Harriman
50 Post Office Square
Boston, MA 02110-1548
Item 34. Management Services.
Not applicable.
Item 35. Undertakings.
Not applicable.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Securities Act”) and the Investment Company Act of 1940, the Registrant certifies that it meets all of the requirements for effectiveness of this Registration under Rule 485(b) under the Securities Act and has duly caused this Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to Registration Statement No. 333-212032 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, duly authorized, in the City of Charlotte and State of North Carolina, on the 28th day of February 2024.
NUSHARES ETF TRUST | ||
BY: | /S/ DIANA R. GONZALEZ | |
Diana R. Gonzalez | ||
Vice President and Secretary |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature |
Title |
Date | ||||||||
/S/ E. SCOTT WICKERHAM E. SCOTT WICKERHAM |
Vice President and Controller (principal financial and accounting officer) | February 28, 2024 | ||||||||
/S/ BRITON RYAN BRITON RYAN |
Chief Administrative Officer (principal executive officer) |
|||||||||
TERENCE J. TOTH* | Co-Chair of the Board and Trustee | |
ü ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ý ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï þ |
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By:*
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/S/ DIANA R. GONZALEZ
DIANA R. GONZALEZ Attorney-in-Fact February 28, 2024 | ||||
JOSEPH A. BOATENG* | Trustee | |||||||||
MICHAEL A. FORRESTER* | Trustee | |||||||||
THOMAS J. KENNY* | Co-Chair of the Board and Trustee | |||||||||
AMY B.R. LANCELLOTTA* | Trustee | |||||||||
JOANNE T. MEDERO* | Trustee | |||||||||
ALBIN F. MOSCHNER* | Trustee | |||||||||
JOHN K. NELSON* | Trustee | |||||||||
LOREN M. STARR* | Trustee | |||||||||
MATTHEW THORNTON III* | Trustee | |||||||||
MARGARET L. WOLFF* | Trustee | |||||||||
ROBERT L. YOUNG* | Trustee |
* | The powers of attorney authorizing Diana R. Gonzalez, among others, to execute this Registration Statement, and Amendments thereto, for the Trustees of the Registrant on whose behalf this Registration Statement is filed, have been executed and is filed herewith. |
EXHIBIT INDEX
NuShares ETF Trust
Amended and Restated Establishment and Designation of Series
WHEREAS, the Trustee of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, initially divided the Shares of the Trust into three Series, Nuveen Large Cap Growth ETF, Nuveen Large Cap Value ETF and Nuveen Large Cap Core ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustee of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, changed the designations of the initial three series as of June 16, 2016, to incorporate the new name of the Trust and designated an additional series of the Trust, NuShares Enhanced Yield U. S. Aggregate Bond ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at meetings held on August 2-4, 2016, designated an additional series of the Trust, NuShares Short-Term REIT ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on September 21, 2016, designated an additional five series of the Trust:
NuShares ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF
NuShares ESG Large-Cap Value ETF
NuShares ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF
NuShares ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF
NuShares ESG Small-Cap ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on December 21, 2016, designated an additional series of the Trust, NuShares 1-5 Year Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on January 26, 2017, designated an additional two series of the Trust, NuShares ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF and NuShares ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on July 12, 2017, designated an additional series of the Trust, NuShares ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at meetings held on August 7-9, 2018, designated an additional series of the Trust, Nushares ESG Large-Cap ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at meetings held on November 12-14, 2018, designated an additional series of the Trust, Nushares ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on December 13, 2018, resolved to change the name of the funds as follows:
Current Fund Name | New Fund Name | |
Nushares Large Cap Growth ETF | Nuveen Large Cap Growth ETF | |
Nushares Large Cap Value ETF | Nuveen Large Cap Value ETF | |
Nushares Large Cap Core ETF | Nuveen Large Cap Core ETF | |
Nushares ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | Nuveen ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | |
Nushares Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | Nuveen Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | |
Nushares 1-5 Year Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | Nuveen Enhanced Yield 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF | |
Nushares ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF | |
Nushares ESG Large-Cap Value ETF | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF | |
Nushares ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF | Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF | |
Nushares ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF | Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF | |
Nushares ESG Small-Cap ETF | Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF | |
Nushares ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF | Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF | |
Nushares ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF | Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF | |
Nushares Short-Term REIT ETF | Nuveen Short-Term REIT ETF | |
Nushares ESG Large-Cap ETF | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF | |
Nushares ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF | Nuveen ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at meetings held on February 23-25, 2021, designated three additional series of the Trust, Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF, Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF and Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on March 25, 2021, designated an additional series of the Trust, Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on June 17, 2021, designated an additional series of the Trust, Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on February 23, 2022, designated an additional series of the Trust, Nuveen Global Net Zero Transition ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, effective June 30, 2023, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at meetings held on February 14-16, 2023, resolved to change the name of Nuveen Enhanced Yield 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF to Nuveen ESG 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF;
WHEREAS, the Trustees of the Trust, acting pursuant to Section 4.9 of the Declaration, at a meeting held on November 14-16, 2023, designated an additional four series of the Trust, Nuveen Core Plus Bond ETF, Nuveen Preferred Securities ETF, Nuveen Ultra-Short Income ETF and Nuveen U.S. Sustainable Core ETF; and
NOW THEREFORE, the undersigned does hereby confirm that the following series of the Trust have been established and designated by the Trustees of the Trust, with such relative rights, preferences, privileges, limitations, restrictions and other relative terms as are set forth below:
1. | Nuveen Large Cap Growth ETF |
2. | Nuveen Large Cap Value ETF |
3. | Nuveen Large Cap Core ETF |
4. | Nuveen Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
5. | Nuveen Short-Term REIT ETF |
6. | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
7. | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
8. | Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
9. | Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
10. | Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF |
11. | Nuveen ESG 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
12. | Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
13. | Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
14. | Nuveen ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
15. | Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF |
16. | Nuveen ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
17. | Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF |
18. | Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF |
19. | Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF |
20. | Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF |
21. | Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF |
22. | Nuveen Global Net Zero Transition ETF |
23. | Nuveen Core Plus Bond ETF |
24. | Nuveen Preferred Securities ETF |
25. | Nuveen Ultra-Short Income ETF |
26. | Nuveen U.S. Sustainable Core ETF |
1. Each Share of a Series is entitled to all the rights and preferences accorded to Shares under the Declaration.
2. The number of authorized Shares of a Series is unlimited.
3. A Series shall be authorized to hold cash, invest in securities, instruments and other property, use investment techniques, and have such goals or objectives as from time to time described in the prospectus and statement of additional information contained in the Trusts then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933 to the extent pertaining to the offering of Shares of the Series, as the same may be amended and supplemented from time to time (Prospectus). Each Share of a Series shall represent a beneficial interest in the net assets allocated or belonging to such Series only, and such interest shall not extend to the assets of the Trust generally (except to the extent that General Assets (as defined in the Declaration) are allocated to such Series), and shall be entitled to receive its pro rata share of the net assets of the Series upon liquidation of the Series, all as set forth in Section 4.9 of the Declaration.
4. With respect to a Series, (a) the purchase price of the Shares, (b) fees and expenses, (c) qualifications for ownership, if any, (d) the method of determination of the net asset value of the Shares, (e) Creation Unit size or minimum purchase amounts, if any, (f) minimum account size, if any, (g) the price, terms and manner of redemption of the Shares, (h) any conversion or exchange feature or privilege, (i) the relative dividend rights, and (j) any other relative rights, preferences, privileges, limitations, restrictions and other relative terms have been established by the Trustees in accordance with the Declaration and are set forth in the Prospectus with respect to such Series.
5. The Trustees may from time to time modify any of the relative rights, preferences, privileges, limitations, restrictions and other relative terms of a Series that have been established by the Trustees or redesignate any of the Series without any action or consent of the Shareholders.
6. The designation of any Series hereby shall not impair the power of the Trustees from time to time to designate additional Series of Shares of the Trust.
7. Capitalized terms not defined herein have the meanings given to such terms in the Declaration.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned, being the Secretary of the Trust, has executed this instrument as of the 21st day of December 2023.
/s/ Diana Gonzalez |
Vice President and Secretary |
NUVEEN/TIAA-CREF FUNDS BOARD VOLUNTARY DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN FOR
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES
(Effective January 1, 2024)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1 PURPOSE OF PLAN; RESTATEMENT EFFECTIVE DATE |
1 | |||
1.1 Purpose of Plan |
1 | |||
1.2 Effective Date |
1 | |||
SECTION 2 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONSTRUCTION |
1 | |||
2.1 Definitions |
1 | |||
2.2 Plurals and Gender |
3 | |||
2.3 Headings |
3 | |||
2.4 Separate Agreement |
4 | |||
SECTION 3 DEFERRALS |
4 | |||
3.1 Deferral Election |
4 | |||
3.2 Payment Reduction |
4 | |||
3.3 Effect of Election |
4 | |||
3.4 Unforeseeable Emergencies |
4 | |||
SECTION 4 ACCOUNTS |
4 | |||
4.1 Crediting of Deferrals |
4 | |||
4.2 Valuation of Account |
5 | |||
SECTION 5 DISTRIBUTIONS FROM ACCOUNT |
7 | |||
5.1 Participants Payment Election |
7 | |||
5.2 Irrevocability |
7 | |||
5.3 Death or Disability Prior to Complete Distribution of Account |
8 | |||
5.4 Unforeseeable Emergency |
8 | |||
5.5 Designation of Beneficiary |
8 | |||
5.6 Compliance With Conflicts of Interest Laws |
8 | |||
SECTION 6 AMENDMENTS AND TERMINATION |
8 | |||
6.1 Amendments |
8 | |||
6.2 Termination |
9 | |||
SECTION 7 MISCELLANEOUS |
9 | |||
7.1 Rights of Creditors |
9 | |||
7.2 Agents |
10 | |||
7.3 Incapacity |
10 | |||
7.4 Statement of Account |
10 | |||
7.5 Governing Law |
10 | |||
7.6 Non-Guarantee of Status |
10 | |||
7.7 Counsel |
10 |
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7.8 Interests Not Transferable |
10 | |||
7.9 Entire Agreement |
11 | |||
7.10 Powers of Administrator |
11 | |||
7.11 Participant Litigation |
11 | |||
7.12 Successors and Assigns |
12 | |||
7.13 Severability |
12 | |||
7.14 Section 409A |
12 |
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NUVEEN AND TIAA FUND BOARD VOLUNTARY DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN FOR
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES
(Effective November 16, 2023)
SECTION 1 PURPOSE OF PLAN; RESTATEMENT EFFECTIVE DATE
1.1 Purpose of Plan. The Board of each Participating Fund maintains this Plan. The purpose of the Plan is to allow the independent directors and trustees of the Participating Funds to defer receipt of all or a portion of the compensation they earn for their service to the Funds in lieu of receiving current payments of such compensation, and to treat any deferred amount as though an equivalent dollar amount had been invested in shares of one or more Eligible Funds. Each Board intends that the Plan shall be maintained at all times on an unfunded basis for federal income tax purposes under the Code. The Plan is not covered by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
1.2 Effective Date. This Plan is effective as of November 16, 2023.
SECTION 2 DEFINITION OF TERMS AND CONSTRUCTION
2.1 Definitions. The following terms as used in this Plan shall have the following meanings:
(a) Account shall mean the aggregation of a Participants Plan Year Accounts.
(b) Administrator shall mean Nuveen or such other person or persons as Nuveen may from time to time designate, provided that no Participant may serve as Administrator.
(c) Beneficiary shall mean such person or persons designated pursuant to Section 5.5 hereof to receive benefits after the death of a Participant.
(d) Board shall mean the Board of Directors or the Board of Trustees of the respective Participating Funds.
(e) Code shall mean the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(f) Compensation shall mean the retainers paid to a Participant (prior to reduction for Deferrals made under this Plan) for serving as a member of the Board of any Participating Fund, as a member of any committee or subcommittee of such Board, or for holding a specified position thereon.
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(g) Deferral shall mean the amount or amounts of a Participants Compensation deferred under the provisions of Section 3.
(h) Deferral Election shall mean the Participants election under Section 3.1 to defer all or a portion of his or her Compensation.
(i) Designated Fund shall have the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).
(j) Eligible Fund means an open-end fund managed by Nuveen and designated by the Boards as a fund that may be chosen by a Participant as a fund in which the Participants Account may be deemed to be invested. Unless and until each Board otherwise determines, the Eligible Funds shall include only one or more open-end funds managed by Nuveen. Open-end funds that cease to be managed by Nuveen shall automatically cease to be Eligible Funds, unless one of the Boards otherwise determines with respect to Participants that are members of such Board. The Boards may at any time remove any open-end fund from the list of Eligible Funds, or may add any open-end fund (whether or not managed by Nuveen), for Participants who are members of that Board. Eligible Funds shall be listed on Exhibit B to the Plan, which shall be revised from time to time by the Administrator; provided, however, that failure to list an Eligible Fund on Exhibit B shall not affect its status as an Eligible Fund. The Administrator shall report to the Board on a quarterly basis any changes to Exhibit B.
(k) Net Asset Value shall mean the per share value of an open-end fund, as determined as set forth in such funds registration statement under the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (1940 Act), governing instruments and otherwise in accordance with law.
(l) Nuveen shall mean Nuveen, LLC and its affiliates.
(m) Participant shall mean a member of a Board who is not an interested person of a Participating Fund or of Nuveen, as such term is defined under Section 2(a)(19) of the 1940 Act.
(n) Participating Fund shall mean all open-end funds, closed-end funds, exchange-traded funds and interval funds managed by Nuveen, including each portfolio under the TIAA-CREF Funds and each portfolio under the TIAA-CREF Life Funds. Participating Funds shall be listed on Exhibit A to the Plan, which shall be revised from time to time by the Administrator; provided, however, that failure to list a Participating Fund on Exhibit A shall not affect its status as a Participating Fund. The Administrator shall report to the Board on a quarterly basis any changes to Exhibit A.
(o) Payment Election shall mean an election pursuant to Section 5.1.
(p) Plan shall mean this Nuveen and TIAA Fund Board Voluntary Deferred Compensation Plan for Independent Directors and Trustees, as amended from time to time.
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(q) Plan Year shall mean the 12-month period beginning January 1 and ending December 31. The first Plan Year for this Plan is 2024.
(r) Plan Year Account shall mean the book entry account described in Section 4.1(a).
(s) Plan Year Subaccount shall mean, with respect to a Participating Fund, the portion of a Plan Year Account attributable to a Participants Compensation deferred to such Participating Fund.
(t) Section 409A shall mean Section 409A of the Code, as interpreted by regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder.
(u) Separation from Service means a separation from service within the meaning of Section 409A. A Separation from Service with respect to any Participating Fund shall occur on the date as of which there is a complete termination of a Participants relationship as a director (or independent contractor or employee) with respect to such Participating Fund, with no reasonable anticipation (as determined in good faith by the Administrator) of the Participant being reappointed to the Board of such Participating Fund.
(v) Unforeseeable Emergency means a severe financial hardship of the Participant resulting from an illness or accident of the Participant or his or her spouse or dependent (as defined in Section 152(a) of the Code), loss of the Participants property due to casualty (including the need to rebuild a home following damage to a home not otherwise covered by insurance), or other similar extraordinary and unforeseeable circumstances arising as a result of events beyond the Participants control. Circumstances that may constitute an Unforeseeable Emergency include the imminent foreclosure of or eviction from the Participants primary residence; the need to pay for medical expenses, including nonrefundable deductibles, as well as for the costs of prescription drug medication; and the need to pay for the funeral expenses of a spouse or a dependent (as defined in Section 152(a) of the Code). The purchase of a home and the payment of college tuition generally are not Unforeseeable Emergencies. Whether the Participant is faced with an Unforeseeable Emergency permitting an emergency withdrawal shall be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, based on the relevant facts and circumstances and applying regulations and other guidance under Section 409A.
(w) Valuation Date shall mean the last business day of each calendar quarter and any other day upon which Nuveen makes a valuation of the Account.
2.2 Plurals and Gender. Where appearing in this Plan the singular shall include the plural and the masculine shall include the feminine, and vice versa, unless the context clearly indicates a different meaning.
2.3 Headings. The headings and subheadings in this Plan are inserted for convenience of reference only and are to be ignored in any construction of the provisions hereof.
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2.4 Separate Agreement. This Plan shall be construed as a separate agreement between each Participant and each of the Participating Funds.
SECTION 3 DEFERRALS
3.1 Deferral Election. A Participant may elect to defer all or a specified percentage or amount of the Compensation earned in a Plan Year by such Participant for serving as a member of the Board of any Participating Fund or as a member of any committee or subcommittee thereof. Reimbursement of expenses of attending meetings of the Board, committees of the Board or subcommittees of such committees may not be deferred. Such election shall be made by executing before the first day of such Plan Year such election notice as the Administrator may prescribe; provided, however, that upon first becoming eligible to participate in the Plan by reason of being newly appointing to a Board on or after February 2024, a Participant may file a Deferral Election not later than 30 days after the effective date of such appointment, which election shall apply to Compensation earned in the portion of the Plan Year commencing the day after such election is filed and ending on the last day of such Plan Year.
3.2 Payment Reduction. While a Deferral Election is in effect, deferrals described in Section 3.1 shall be withheld, based upon the percentage or amount elected, from each payment of Compensation to which the Participant would otherwise have been entitled but for his Deferral Election.
3.3 Effect of Election. A Deferral Election pursuant to Section 3.1 shall apply only to the Plan Year for which it is made and shall be irrevocable except to the extent otherwise provided in Section 3.4.
3.4 Unforeseeable Emergencies. In the event of a Participants Unforeseeable Emergency on account of which the Participant receives a withdrawal pursuant to Section 5.4, the Participants Deferral Election shall be canceled.
SECTION 4 ACCOUNTS
4.1 Crediting of Deferrals.
(a) The Administrator shall establish a book entry account (Plan Year Account) consisting of one or more Plan Year Subaccounts, to which will be credited an amount equal to the Participants Deferrals of Compensation from each respective Participating Fund under this Plan with respect to such Plan Year. The requirement to maintain separate Plan Year Subaccounts shall be deemed satisfied if the Administrator maintains (i) separate Plan Year Accounts and (ii) adequate records to enable the portions of each Plan Year Account attributable to the respective Plan Year Subaccounts to be calculated at any time.
(b) Any Compensation from a Participating Fund for a Plan Year earned by a Participant which he has elected to defer pursuant to the Plan will be credited to the
4
corresponding Plan Year Subaccount on the date such Compensation otherwise would have been payable to such Participant.
(c) The obligations to pay the amounts in a Participants Plan Year Subaccounts associated with a Participating Fund shall be the sole obligation of that Participating Fund.
(d) Plan Year Subaccounts shall be debited to reflect any distributions from such subaccounts. Such debits shall be allocated to the Plan Year Subaccount as of the date such distributions are made.
4.2 Valuation of Account.
(a) Each Board shall from time to time designate one or more open-end funds managed by Nuveen as Eligible Funds. A Participant, on his Deferral Election form, shall have the right to select from the then-current list of Eligible Funds one or more funds in which his Account shall be deemed invested as set forth in this Section 4.2 (Designated Funds). A Participant shall designate whether his election pursuant to this Section 4.2(a), or change in election pursuant to Section 4.2(b), is to apply to his entire Account or to one or more Plan Year Accounts as specified in the election. A Participant may designate an Eligible Fund even if he is not a member of the Board of that Eligible Fund. Except as provided below, amounts credited to a Participants Account shall be treated as though such amounts had been invested and reinvested in shares of the Participants Designated Funds, initially calculated as follows:
(i) the product of
(A) the amount of such Deferrals and
(B) the percentage of such Deferrals to be deemed invested in that Designated Fund, divided by
(ii) the Designated Funds Net Asset Value per share as of the date such amount is so credited.
(b) Pursuant to rules established by the Administrator from time to time, each Participant may direct that the Designated Funds in which his or her Account is deemed invested be changed. Any election to change such investment direction shall indicate the dollar amount or percentage of the balance in such Account (determined based on the then current Net Asset Value of each Designated Fund in which the Account is deemed invested immediately prior to giving effect to such investment change) to be invested in each such Designated Fund. Any such change shall be effective on the third Saturday of the second month of each calendar quarter (effective date). The number of shares of each Designated Fund to be deemed held in the Participants Account following such investment change shall be calculated as follows:
(i) the product of
(A) the balance in such Account and
(B) the percentage of such balance to be deemed invested in
5
that Designated Fund divided by
(ii) the Designated Funds Net Asset Value per share as of the effective date.
(c) If a Designated Fund shall pay a stock dividend on, or split, combine, reclassify or substitute other securities by merger, consolidation or otherwise for its outstanding shares, the Participants Account shall be adjusted as though shares of such Designated Fund were actually held by the Account in order to preserve rights substantially proportionate to the rights deemed held immediately prior to such event.
(d) On each payment date of dividends or capital gains distributions declared on shares of any Designated Fund in which a Participants Account is deemed invested, the Account will be credited with book adjustments representing all dividends or capital gains distributions which would have been realized had such account been invested in shares of such Designated Fund and such dividend or capital gains distribution had been received and reinvested.
(e) The value of a Plan Year Subaccount on any Valuation Date shall be the sum of (i) the number of shares of each Designated Fund deemed to be held in the Plan Year Subaccount as provided by the preceding paragraphs, multiplied by (ii) the Net Asset Value per share of such Designated Fund on the Valuation Date.
(f) On each date upon which a distribution of less than the entire balance is to be charged to a Participants Plan Year Subaccount, the amount of such distribution shall, unless the Participant otherwise specifies in accordance with rules established by the Administrator, be allocated among all of the Designated Funds in which the Plan Year Subaccount is deemed to be invested in proportion to the aggregate value of the number of deemed shares of each such Designated Fund, and the number of deemed shares of each such Designated Fund shall then be reduced by the portion of the distribution allocated to such Designated Fund divided by the Net Asset Value per share of such Designated Fund on the date on which the distribution is charged.
(g) If an Eligible Fund is removed from the list of Eligible Funds for any reason then no further deferrals shall be deemed invested in such fund (although prior deferrals may remain deemed invested in such fund) and, unless the Board otherwise determines, the Administrator shall give each Participant whose Account is deemed to be invested in such Eligible Fund a reasonable period to submit a new designation, and any Participant who fails to submit a new designation shall be subject to the provisions of the last sentence of Section 4.2(h) below.
(h) As of each Valuation Date, income, gain and loss equivalents (determined as if the Account were invested in the manner set forth under Section 4.2(a) above) attributable to the period following the next preceding Valuation Date shall be credited to and/or deducted from the Participants Plan Year Subaccounts. Except as provided below, the Participants Plan Year Subaccounts shall receive a return in accordance with his deemed investment designations, provided such designations conform to the provisions of this Section. If:
6
(i) the Participant does not furnish the Administrator with a written designation,
(ii) the written designation from the Participant is unclear, or
(iii) less than all of the Participants Account is covered by such written designation,
then the Participants Account shall be deemed invested in TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Growth Fund until such time as the Participant shall provide the Administrator with instructions.
SECTION 5 DISTRIBUTIONS FROM ACCOUNT
5.1 Participants Payment Election.
(a) Simultaneously with the filing of a Deferral Election for a Plan Year pursuant to Section 3.1, a Participant shall elect on such form as the Administrator may prescribe the time and manner in which the corresponding Plan Year Account shall be distributed. Such election shall specify (i) whether each Plan Year Subaccount within the Plan Year Account is to be paid in a lump sum or in substantially equal annual installments over a period between two and 20 years and (ii) the date on which such lump-sum payment is to be made and/or such installments are to commence. For purposes of clause (ii) of the preceding sentence a Participant may specify either (i) the time of the Participants Separation from Service, or (ii) a specific date. In the event of a Participants Separation from Service from some but not all of the Participating Funds to which the Participants Plan Year Account is attributable, to the extent a Participants Payment Election relates to his or her Separation from Service, it shall affect only the Plan Year Subaccounts attributable to the Participating Funds from which the Participant has incurred a Separation from Service.
(b) A Participants Payment Election shall apply only to the Plan Year Account for which it is made.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in this Section 5, the balance in a Participants Plan Year Account shall be paid in accordance with the Participants valid Payment Election made for such Plan Year Account pursuant to this Section 5.
(d) A Participants Payment Election may be amended at any time provided that such amendment (1) is in writing, (2) will not become effective for twelve (12) months from the date thereof, (3) is made not less than twelve (12) months prior to the date the first payment is scheduled to be made, and (4) defers the payment of benefits for at least five (5) years from the date such payments would otherwise have begun.
5.2 Irrevocability. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 5, a Participants Payment Election shall be irrevocable.
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5.3 Death or Disability Prior to Complete Distribution of Account. If a Participant dies or becomes disabled (as defined in Section 409A) prior to the commencement of the distribution of the amounts credited to his Account, the balance of such Account shall be distributed to the Participant or his Beneficiary, as applicable, in a lump sum as soon as practicable after the Participants death or disability. If a Participant dies or becomes disabled after the commencement of such distributions, but prior to the complete distribution of his Account, the balance of the amounts credited to his Account shall be distributed to the Participant or his Beneficiary, as applicable, over the remaining period during which such amounts were otherwise distributable to the Participant under Section 5.1 hereof.
5.4 Unforeseeable Emergency. In the event of a Participants Unforeseeable Emergency, such Participant may request an emergency withdrawal from his or her Account. Any such request shall be subject to the approval of the Administrator, which approval shall not be granted to the extent that such need may be relieved (i) through reimbursement or compensation by insurance or otherwise; (ii) by liquidation of the Participants assets (to the extent the liquidation of such assets would not itself cause severe financial hardship) or (iii) by cessation of deferrals under this Plan. A Participant may withdraw all or a portion of his or her Account due to an Unforeseeable Emergency; provided, however, that the withdrawal shall not exceed the amount reasonably needed to satisfy the need created by the Unforeseeable Emergency (including any amounts necessary to pay and Federal, state or local income or employment taxes or penalties reasonably anticipated to arise from the payment, as determined by the Administrator).
5.5 Designation of Beneficiary. For the purposes of Section 5.3 hereof, the Participants Beneficiary shall be the person or persons so designated by the Participant in a written instrument submitted to the Administrator. Subject to rules established by the Administrator, a Participant may designate multiple or contingent Beneficiaries, and may change his Beneficiary at any time without the consent of any prior Beneficiary; provided that no change of a Beneficiary shall be effective unless and until actually received, in proper form, by the Administrator during the Participants life. The Administrators determination of the person eligible to receive the Account of a deceased Participant, if made in good faith, shall be final and binding on all parties. If a Participant fails to properly designate a Beneficiary or if his Beneficiary predeceases him, his Beneficiary shall be his estate.
5.6 Compliance With Conflicts of Interest Laws. Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, payment of a Participants Account shall be accelerated to the extent (and only to the extent) reasonably necessary to avoid the violation of an applicable Federal, state, or local conflicts of interest law.
SECTION 6 AMENDMENTS AND TERMINATION
6.1 Amendments. The Boards reserve the right to amend, in whole or in part, and in any manner, any or all of the provisions of this Plan by action of the Boards, except that no amendment shall reduce the balance in any Participants Account, or (unless necessary to comply with the 1940 Act or other applicable law) significantly delay the time at which such balance is payable without the consent of the Participant affected.
8
6.2 Termination.
(a) | In General. Each Board may terminate this Plan as applied to Participants who are members of such Board at any time by action of such Board. If one Board elects to terminate the Plan with respect to the Participants who are members of such Board, the Plan shall remain in effect with respect to Participants who are members of one or more other Boards. Upon termination, payment of each Participants then current Account value shall be made in such manner as the Administrator shall determine consistent with the requirements of Section 409A. |
(b) | Liquidating Fund Termination; Change in Control |
(i) | Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary herein, in the event a Participating Fund liquidates in a corporate dissolution taxed under Section 331 of the Code, or with the approval of a bankruptcy court pursuant to 11 U.S.C. § 503(b)(1)(A) (a Liquidating Fund), the Board of such Participating Fund may terminate and liquidate this Plan (a Liquidating Fund Termination) pursuant to the corporate dissolution exception of Treas. Reg. § 1.409A-3(j)(4)(ix)(A) with respect to Accounts attributable to the deferral of Compensation from such Participating Fund (Affected Accounts) by current or former members of the Board of such Participating Fund (Affected Participants). Similarly, in the event a Participating Fund undergoes a change of control as defined Code Section 409A and guidance thereunder, the Board of such Participating Fund shall terminate and liquidate this Plan (a CIC Fund Termination) with respect to Affected Accounts of Affected Participants |
(ii) | In the event of a Liquidating Fund Termination or a CIC Fund Termination, the value of the Affected Accounts of the Affected Participants shall be paid in a lump sum no later than the last day of the calendar year in which the Liquidating Fund Termination occurs or, if later, the last day of the first calendar year in which the payment is administratively feasible. |
(iii) | Except as set forth above, a Liquidating Fund Termination or a CIC Fund Termination shall not otherwise affect the Plan, and in particular shall have no effect on any Accounts other than the Affected Accounts. |
SECTION 7 MISCELLANEOUS
7.1 Rights of Creditors.
(a) This Plan is unfunded. With respect to the payment of amounts credited to a Participants Account, the Participant and his Beneficiaries have the status of unsecured creditors of the Participating Fund to which such Account relates. The Plan shall not be construed as conferring on a Participant any right, title, interest, or claim in or to any specific asset, reserve, account, or property or any kind possessed by the Participating
9
Funds. To the extent that a Participant or any other person acquires a right to receive payments from the Participating Funds, such right shall be no greater than the right of an unsecured general creditor.
(b) This Plan is executed on behalf of each Participating Fund by an officer of that Participating Fund as such and not individually. Any obligation of a Participating Fund hereunder shall be an unsecured obligation of that Participating Fund and not of any other person.
7.2 Agents. Each Participating Fund may employ agents and provide for such clerical, legal, actuarial, accounting, advisory or other services as it deems necessary to perform its duties under this Plan. Each Participating Fund shall bear the cost of such services and all other expenses it incurs in connection with the administration of this Plan.
7.3 Incapacity. If the Administrator shall receive evidence satisfactory to it that a Participant or any Beneficiary entitled to receive any benefit under the Plan is, at the time when such benefit becomes payable, a minor, or is physically or mentally incompetent to receive such benefit and to give a valid release therefor, and that another person or an institution is then maintaining or has custody of the Participant or Beneficiary and that no guardian, committee or other representative of the estate of the Participant or Beneficiary shall have been duly appointed, a Participating Fund may make payment of such benefit otherwise payable to the Participant or Beneficiary to such other person or institution, including a custodian under a Uniform Transfers to Minors Act or corresponding legislation (who shall be an adult, a guardian of the minor or a trust company), and the release of such other person or institution shall be a valid and complete discharge for the payment of such benefit.
7.4 Statement of Account. The Administrator will furnish each Participant with a statement setting forth the value of such Participants Plan Year Accounts as of the end of each quarter and all credits to and payments from such Plan Year Accounts during such year. Such statements will be furnished generally no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter.
7.5 Governing Law. This Plan shall be governed by the laws of the State of Illinois without regard to any states conflicts of laws principles.
7.6 Non-Guarantee of Status. Nothing contained in this Plan shall be construed as a contract or guarantee of the right of a Participant to be, or remain as, a director or a trustee of a fund, or to receive any, or any particular rate of, Compensation.
7.7 Counsel. Each Board may consult with legal counsel with respect to the meaning or construction of this Plan, its obligations or duties hereunder or with respect to any action or proceeding or any question of law, and it shall be fully protected with respect to any action taken or omitted by it in good faith pursuant to the advice of legal counsel.
7.8 Interests Not Transferable. A Participants and Beneficiaries interests in the Account may not be anticipated, sold, encumbered, pledged, mortgaged, charged, transferred, alienated, assigned nor become subject to execution, garnishment or attachment and any attempt to do so by any person shall be deemed null and void; no Participating Fund shall recognize the
10
rights of any party under this Plan except those of the Participant or his Beneficiary; provided that this Section 7.8 shall not preclude a Participating Fund from offsetting any amount payable to a Participant hereunder by any amount owed by such Participant to that Participating Fund or to Nuveen.
7.9 Entire Agreement. This Plan contains the entire understanding between each Participating Fund and the Participants with respect to the payment of non-qualified deferred compensation by a Participating Fund to the Participants.
7.10 Powers of Administrator. In addition to other powers specifically set forth herein, the Administrator shall have all discretionary power and authority necessary or convenient for the administration of this Plan, including without limitation the authority to:
(a) construe and interpret the Plan, and resolve any inconsistency or ambiguity with respect to any of its terms;
(b) decide all questions of eligibility and determine the amount, manner and time of payment of any benefits hereunder;
(c) prescribe rules and procedures to be followed by Participants or Beneficiaries in making any election or taking any action provided for herein, which rules and procedures may alter any provision of the Plan that is administrative or ministerial in nature without the necessity for an amendment;
(d) allocate Accounts among the Eligible Funds;
(e) maintain all the necessary records for the administration of the Plan;
(f) delegate any of it duties or powers under the Plan to any other person acting under its supervision; and
(g) do all other acts which the Administrator deems necessary or proper to accomplish and implement its responsibilities under the Plan.
Any rule or procedure adopted by the Administrator, or any decision, ruling or determination made by the Administrator, in good faith shall be final, binding and conclusive on all Participating Funds, Participants, Beneficiaries and all persons claiming through them. The authority of the Administrator may be exercised by such person as the Chief Executive Officer of the Administrator may designate or, in the absence of a specific designation, by those officers and employees of the Administrator whose normal duties include payment of compensation to independent directors and trustees.
7.11 Participant Litigation. In any action or proceeding regarding the Participants or their Beneficiaries or any other persons having or claiming to have an interest in this Plan shall not be necessary parties and shall not be entitled to any notice or process. Any final judgment which is not appealed or appealable and may be entered in any such action or proceeding shall be binding and conclusive on the parties hereto and all persons having or claiming to have any interest in this Plan. To the extent permitted by law, if a legal action is begun against either
11
Board, any Participating Fund, the Administrator, or any of their respective officers, directors, trustees, employees or agents (an indemnified party), by or on behalf of any person and such action results adversely to such person or if a legal action arises because of conflicting claims to a Participants or other persons benefits, the costs to the indemnified party of defending the action will be charged to the amounts, if any, which were involved in the action or were payable to the Participant or other person concerned. To the extent permitted by applicable law, acceptance of participation in this Plan shall constitute a release of each of the indemnified parties from any and all liability and obligation not involving willful misconduct or gross neglect.
7.12 Successors and Assigns. This Plan shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of, the Participating Funds and their successors and assigns and to the Participants and their heirs, executors, administrators and personal representatives.
7.13 Severability. In the event any one or more provisions of this Plan are held to be invalid or unenforceable, such illegality or unenforceability shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the other provisions hereof and such other provisions shall remain in full force and effect unaffected by such invalidity or unenforceability.
7.14 Section 409A. This Plan is intended to comply with Section 409A, and shall be administered and interpreted in accordance with such intent. If the Boards (or the Administrator, to the extent the Boards delegate such authority to the Administrator) determine that any provision of the Plan is or might be inconsistent with the requirements of Section 409A, they shall attempt in good faith to make such changes to the Plan as may be necessary or appropriate to avoiding a Participants becoming subject to adverse tax consequences under Code Section 409A. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither the Boards nor the Administrator make any representation that the Plan complies with Section 409A and shall have no liability to any Participant for any failure to comply with Section 409A of the Code. This Plan shall constitute an account balance plan as defined in Treas. Reg. Section 31.3121(v)(2)-1(c)(1)(ii)(A). For purposes of Section 409A, all amounts deferred under this Plan shall be aggregated with amounts deferred under other account balance plans.
12
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, each Participating Fund listed on Appendix A has caused this amended and restated Plan to be executed by one of its duly authorized officers, this 16th day of November 2023
By: | /s/ E. Scott Wickerham |
|||
Name: | E. Scott Wickerham | |||
Title: | Vice President & Controller |
13
Revised October 30, 2023
EXHIBIT A
FUND BOARD VOLUNTARY
DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN FOR INDEPENDENT
DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES
Participating funds: All open-end funds, closed-end funds, exchange-traded funds and interval funds managed by Nuveen, including each portfolio under the TIAA-CREF Funds and each portfolio under the TIAA-CREF Life Funds. Participating from which director compensation can be deferred
Current List of Participating Funds (as of January 1, 2024)
TIAA-CREF 5-15 Year Laddered Tax-Exempt Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2015 Fund | |
NUVEEN All-American Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2020 Fund | |
NUVEEN AMT-Free Municipal Credit Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2025 Fund | |
NUVEEN AMT-Free Municipal Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2030 Fund | |
NUVEEN AMT-Free Quality Municipal Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2035 Fund | |
NUVEEN Arizona Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2040 Fund | |
NUVEEN Arizona Quality Municipal Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2045 Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Bond Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2050 Fund | |
NUVEEN California AMT-Free Quality Municipal Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2055 Fund | |
NUVEEN California High Yield Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2060 Fund | |
NUVEEN California Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2065 Fund | |
NUVEEN California Municipal Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index Retirement Income Fund | |
NUVEEN California Quality Municipal Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Retirement Income Fund | |
NUVEEN California Select Tax-Free Income Portfolio |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Aggressive Growth Fund | |
NUVEEN Colorado Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Conservative Fund | |
NUVEEN Connecticut Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Growth Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Core Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Core Equity Alpha Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Moderate Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Core Impact Bond Fund |
NUVEEN Limited Term Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Core Impact Bond Managed Accounts Portfolio |
NUVEEN Louisiana Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Core Plus Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Managed Allocation Fund | |
NUVEEN Core Plus Impact Fund |
NUVEEN Maryland Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Credit Income Fund |
NUVEEN Massachusetts Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Credit Strategies Income Fund |
NUVEEN Massachusetts Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Dividend Growth ETF |
NUVEEN Michigan Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Dividend Growth Fund |
NUVEEN Mid Cap Growth Opportunities Fund | |
NUVEEN Dividend Value Fund |
NUVEEN Mid Cap Value Fund | |
NUVEEN Dow 30SM Dynamic Overwrite Fund |
TIAA-CREF Mid-Cap Growth Fund | |
NUVEEN Dynamic Municipal Opportunities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Mid-Cap Value Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
NUVEEN Minnesota Intermediate Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Emerging Markets Debt Managed Accounts Portfolio |
NUVEEN Minnesota Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Minnesota Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Equity Index Fund |
NUVEEN Missouri Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Enhanced High Yield Municipal Bond Fund |
NUVEEN Missouri Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Enhanced Yield U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
TIAA-CREF Money Market Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Equity Index Fund |
NUVEEN Mortgage and Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Equity Long/Short Fund |
NUVEEN Multi Cap Value Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG 1-5 Year U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
NUVEEN Multi-Asset Income Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG Dividend ETF |
NUVEEN Multi-Market Income Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal Credit Income Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG High Yield Corporate Bond ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal Credit Opportunities Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal High Income Opportunity Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG Large-Cap ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal Income Fund, Inc. | |
NUVEEN ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal Total Return Managed Accounts Portfolio | |
NUVEEN ESG Large-Cap Value ETF |
NUVEEN Municipal Value Fund, Inc. | |
NUVEEN ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF |
NUVEEN Nasdaq 100 Dynamic Overwrite Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF |
NUVEEN Nebraska Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG Small-Cap ETF |
NUVEEN New Jersey Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN ESG U.S. Aggregate Bond ETF |
NUVEEN New Jersey Quality Municipal Income Fund |
Exhibit A
Revised October 30, 2023
NUVEEN Flexible Income Fund |
NUVEEN New Mexico Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Floating Rate Income Fund |
NUVEEN New York AMT-Free Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Floating Rate Income Fund |
NUVEEN New York Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Georgia Municipal Bond Fund |
NUVEEN New York Municipal Value Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Dividend Growth Fund |
NUVEEN New York Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Equity Income Fund |
NUVEEN New York Select Tax-Free Income Portfolio | |
NUVEEN Global High Income Fund |
NUVEEN North Carolina Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Infrastructure Fund |
NUVEEN Ohio Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Net Zero Transition ETF |
NUVEEN Oregon Intermediate Municipal Bond Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Real Estate Securities Fund |
NUVEEN Pennsylvania Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Green Bond Fund |
NUVEEN Pennsylvania Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Growth & Income Fund |
NUVEEN Preferred & Income Opportunities Fund | |
NUVEEN Growth Opportunities ETF |
NUVEEN Preferred & Income Securities Fund | |
NUVEEN High Yield Income Fund |
NUVEEN Preferred and Income Fund | |
NUVEEN High Yield Managed Accounts Portfolio |
NUVEEN Preferred and Income Term Fund | |
NUVEEN High Yield Municipal Bond Fund |
NUVEEN Preferred Securities and Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF High-Yield Fund |
NUVEEN Preferred Securities and Income Managed Accts Portfolio | |
TIAA-CREF Inflation-Linked Bond Fund |
NUVEEN Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Intermediate Duration Municipal Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant International Small-Cap Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant Small/Mid-Cap Equity Fund | |
NUVEEN International Dividend Growth Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant Small-Cap Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Real Asset Income and Growth Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Equity Index Fund |
NUVEEN Real Asset Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Opportunities Fund |
NUVEEN Real Estate Income Fund | |
NUVEEN International Small Cap Fund |
NUVEEN Real Estate Securities Fund | |
NUVEEN International Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Real Estate Securities Fund | |
NUVEEN Kansas Municipal Bond Fund |
NUVEEN S&P 500 Buy-Write Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Kentucky Municipal Bond Fund |
NUVEEN S&P 500 Dynamic Overwrite Fund | |
NUVEEN Large Cap Select Fund |
TIAA-CREF S&P 500 Index Fund | |
NUVEEN Large Cap Value Fund |
NUVEEN Securitized Credit Managed Accounts Portfolio | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Growth Fund |
NUVEEN Select Maturities Municipal Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Growth Index Fund |
NUVEEN Select Tax-Free Income Portfolio | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Value Fund |
NUVEEN Short Duration High Yield Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Value Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Short Duration Impact Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Balanced Fund |
NUVEEN Short Term Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Core Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Short-Term Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Growth & Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Short-Term Bond Index Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Growth Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Short-Term REIT ETF | |
TIAA-CREF Life International Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Small Cap Growth Opportunities Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Large-Cap Value Fund |
NUVEEN Small Cap Select ETF | |
TIAA-CREF Life Money Market Fund |
NUVEEN Small Cap Select Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Real Estate Securities Fund |
NUVEEN Small Cap Value Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Small-Cap Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Small Cap Value Opportunities Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Social Choice Equity Fund |
NUVEEN Small/Mid Cap Value Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Life Stock Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Small-Cap Blend Index Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2010 Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2015 Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice International Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2020 Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice Low Carbon Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2025 Fund |
NUVEEN Strategic Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2030 Fund |
NUVEEN Strategic Municipal Opportunities Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2035 Fund |
NUVEEN Taxable Municipal Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2040 Fund |
NUVEEN Variable Rate Preferred & Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2045 Fund |
NUVEEN Virginia Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2050 Fund |
NUVEEN Virginia Quality Municipal Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2055 Fund |
NUVEEN Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2060 Fund |
NUVEEN Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2065 Fund |
NUVEEN Wisconsin Municipal Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2010 Fund |
Exhibit A
Revised October 30, 2023
EXHIBIT B
FUND BOARD VOLUNTARY DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN FOR
INDEPENDENT DIRECTORS AND TRUSTEES
ELIGIBLE FUNDS |
Eligible funds 1: funds in which deferred compensation can be deemed NOTIONALLY invested 2: selected Nuveen equity and taxable income open-end funds and TIAA-CREF Funds and each portfolio under the TIAA-CREF Life Funds 3: deferred compensation is not actually invested in these funds; investments track the performance of these funds
Current List of Eligible Funds (As of January 1, 2024)
NUVEEN Credit Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Value Index Fund | |
NUVEEN Dividend Growth Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2010 Fund | |
NUVEEN Dividend Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2015 Fund | |
NUVEEN Equity Long/Short Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2020 Fund | |
NUVEEN Flexible Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2025 Fund | |
NUVEEN Floating Rate Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2030 Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Dividend Growth Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2035 Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Equity Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2040 Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Infrastructure Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2045 Fund | |
NUVEEN Global Real Estate Securities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2050 Fund | |
NUVEEN High Yield Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2055 Fund | |
NUVEEN International Small Cap Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2060 Fund | |
NUVEEN International Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle 2065 Fund | |
NUVEEN Large Cap Select Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2010 Fund | |
NUVEEN Large Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2015 Fund | |
NUVEEN Mid Cap Growth Opportunities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2020 Fund | |
NUVEEN Mid Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2025 Fund | |
NUVEEN Multi Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2030 Fund | |
NUVEEN Preferred Securities and Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2035 Fund | |
NUVEEN Real Asset Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2040 Fund | |
NUVEEN Real Estate Securities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2045 Fund | |
NUVEEN Small Cap Growth Opportunities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2050 Fund | |
NUVEEN Small Cap Select Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2055 Fund | |
NUVEEN Small Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2060 Fund | |
NUVEEN Small Cap Value Opportunities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index 2065 Fund | |
NUVEEN Small/Mid Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Index Retirement Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Strategic Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifecycle Retirement Income Fund | |
NUVEEN Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Aggress Growth Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Bond Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Conservative Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Core Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Growth Fund |
Exhibit B
Revised October 30, 2023
TIAA-CREF Core Impact Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Income Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Core Plus Bond |
TIAA-CREF Lifestyle Moderate Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Debt Fund |
TIAA-CREF Managed Allocation Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Equity Fund |
TIAA-CREF Mid-Cap Growth Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Emerging Markets Equity Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Mid-Cap Value Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Equity Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Money Market Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Green Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant International Small-Cap Equity | |
TIAA-CREF Growth & Income Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant Small/Mid-Cap Equity | |
TIAA-CREF High-Yield Fund |
TIAA-CREF Quant Small-Cap Equity | |
TIAA-CREF Inflation-Linked Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF Real Estate Securities Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Bond Fund |
TIAA-CREF S&P 500 Index Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Equity Fund |
TIAA-CREF Short-Term Bond Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Equity Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Short-Term Bond Index Fund | |
TIAA-CREF International Opportunities Fund |
TIAA-CREF Small-Cap Blend Index Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Growth Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Growth Index Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice International Equity Fund | |
TIAA-CREF Large-Cap Value Fund |
TIAA-CREF Social Choice Low Carbon Equity Fund |
Exhibit B
February 28, 2024
Nushares ETF Trust
333 West Wacker Drive
Chicago, Illinois 60606
Re: Registration Statement on Form N-1A
Ladies and Gentlemen:
We have acted as counsel to Nushares ETF Trust (the Trust), a Massachusetts voluntary association (commonly known as a business trust), in connection with Post-Effective Amendment No. 96 to the Trusts registration statement on Form N-1A to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the Commission) on or about February 28, 2024 (the Registration Statement), with respect to the issuance of shares of beneficial interest, with $0.01 par value per share (collectively, the Shares), of each series of the Trust listed on Schedule A hereto (collectively, the Funds). You have requested that we deliver this opinion to you in connection with the Trusts filing of the Registration Statement.
In connection with the furnishing of this opinion, we have examined the following documents:
(a) | A certificate of the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts dated as of a recent date, as to the existence of the Trust; |
(b) | A copy, stamped as filed with the Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, of the Trusts Second Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust dated July 27, 2016, and all amendments thereto (the Declaration); |
(c) | Copies of the Declaration and the Trusts By-Laws dated June 15, 2016 (the By-Laws), and certain resolutions adopted by the Board of Trustees of the Trust authorizing the issuance of the Shares of the Funds (the Resolutions), each certified by an authorized officer of the Trust; and |
(d) | A printers proof of the Registration Statement. |
In such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the conformity to the originals of all of the documents reviewed by us as copies, including conformed copies, the authenticity and completeness of all original documents reviewed by us in original or copy form, and the legal competence of each individual executing any document. We have assumed that the Registration Statement, as filed with the Commission, will be in substantially the form of the printers proof referred to in paragraph (d) above. We also have assumed for the purposes of this opinion that the Declaration, By-Laws, and
Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP | ||||
1111 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20004 United States |
|
Nushares ETF Trust
February 28, 2024
Page 2
Resolutions will not have been amended, modified, or withdrawn with respect to matters relating to the Shares and will be in full force and effect on the date of the issuance of such Shares.
This opinion is based entirely on our review of the documents listed above and such other documents as we have deemed necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion and such investigation of law as we have deemed necessary or appropriate. We have made no other review or investigation of any kind whatsoever, and we have assumed, without independent inquiry, the accuracy of the information set forth in such documents.
As to any opinion below relating to the formation or existence of the Trust under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, our opinion relies entirely upon and is limited by the certificate of public officials referred to in (a) above.
This opinion is limited solely to the internal substantive laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as applied by courts located in Massachusetts (other than Massachusetts securities laws, as to which we express no opinion), to the extent that the same may apply to or govern the transactions referred to herein. No opinion is given herein as to the choice of law that any tribunal may apply to such transactions. In addition, to the extent that the Declaration or the By-Laws refer to, incorporate or require compliance with the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the 1940 Act), or any other law or regulation applicable to the Trust, except for the internal substantive laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as aforesaid, we have assumed compliance by the Trust with the 1940 Act and such other laws and regulations.
We understand that all of the foregoing assumptions and limitations are acceptable to you.
Based upon and subject to the foregoing, please be advised that it is our opinion that:
1. | The Trust has been formed and is existing under the Trusts Declaration and the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as a voluntary association with transferable shares of beneficial interest commonly referred to as a Massachusetts business trust. |
2. | The Shares, when issued and sold in accordance with the Trusts Declaration and By-Laws and for the consideration described in the Registration Statement, will be validly issued, fully paid, and nonassessable under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts except that, as set forth in the Registration Statement, shareholders of the Trust may under certain circumstances be held personally liable for its obligations. |
This opinion is given as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to update this opinion to reflect any changes in law or any other facts or circumstances which may hereafter come to our attention. We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the use of our name in the Registration Statement. In rendering this opinion and giving this consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.
Very truly yours,
/s/ MORGAN, LEWIS & BOCKIUS LLP
Nushares ETF Trust
February 28, 2024
Page 3
Schedule A
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF
Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF
Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
We consent to the use of our report dated December 28, 2023, with respect to the financial statements and financial highlights of the Funds listed in Appendix A, as of October 31, 2023, incorporated herein by reference, and to the references to our firm under the headings Financial Highlights in the Prospectus and Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm in the Statement of Additional Information.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Chicago, Illinois
February 27, 2024
Appendix A
Nushares ETF Trust
Nuveen ESG Emerging Markets Equity ETF (NUEM)
Nuveen ESG International Developed Markets Equity ETF (NUDM)
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap ETF (NULC)
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Growth ETF (NULG)
Nuveen ESG Large-Cap Value ETF (NULV)
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Growth ETF (NUMG)
Nuveen ESG Mid-Cap Value ETF (NUMV)
Nuveen ESG Small-Cap ETF (NUSC)
Nuveen Dividend Growth ETF (NDVG)
Nuveen Growth Opportunities ETF (NUGO)
Nuveen Small Cap Select ETF (NSCS)
Nuveen Winslow Large-Cap Growth ESG ETF (NWLG)
Nuveen ESG Dividend ETF (NUDV)
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Nuveen Compliance | 1 January 2024 |
Code of Ethics
SUMMARY AND SCOPE
What the Code is about
Helping to ensure that Nuveen personnel place the interests of Nuveen clients ahead of their own personal interests.
Who the Code applies to and what the implications are
This Code applies to individuals in the following categories:
| Nuveen Employees based in the US or Canada (except employees of Nuveen Natural Capital, unless the local/ designated Chief Compliance Officer and Nuveen Ethics Office determine otherwise). |
| Employees of any US-registered investment adviser who are based outside the US. |
| Consultants, interns, and temporary workers based in the US or Canada whose contract length is 90 days or more, unless the Nuveen Ethics Office determines otherwise. |
| TIAA Employees, consultants, interns, and temporary workers designated as Access Persons by the TIAA- CREF Funds Chief Compliance Officer or the Nuveen Ethics Office. |
Independent directors and trustees of the TIAA-CREF Funds Complex and Nuveen-sponsored or -branded funds have their own Code of Ethics and are not subject to this one.
For individuals who are subject to the Code, there are two designations with different implications: Access Person and Investment Person.
ACCESS PERSON
All Nuveen Employees and TIAA Employees who are subject to the Code are considered Access Persons, since they have, or could have, access to non-public information about securities transactions and other investments, holdings, or recommendations for Affiliate-Advised Accounts or Portfolios.
Key characteristics of this designation. An individual may be considered an Access Person of multiple advisers affiliated with Nuveen, or of only one. If your regular duties give you access to non-public information, or you are an officer of a Nuveen or TIAA-CREF sponsored or branded fund, your
personal trading is generally monitored only against the trading activity of the specific adviser(s) or Affiliated Funds with which you are involved. For other employees, personal trading is typically monitored against the trading activities of all advisers affiliated with Nuveen. You will generally not be permitted to execute transactions in a security on any day when an Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio managed by the adviser(s) that you are monitored against has a pending buy or sell order for that security at the time of your pre-clearance request.
INVESTMENT PERSON
An Access Person who meets any of the following criteria will in addition be considered an Investment Person:
| The Access Person is a Portfolio Manager, Research Analyst or Research Assistant, or they otherwise participate in making recommendations or decisions concerning the purchase or sale of securities in any Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio. |
| The Access Person has been designated an Investment Person by the affiliate Chief Compliance Officer or the Nuveen Ethics Office. |
Key characteristics of this designation. The vast majority of Investment Persons are employees of Nuveens affiliated investment advisers.
An Investment Person is prohibited from transacting in securities during the period starting 7 calendar days before, and ending 7 calendar days after, any trade in an Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio for which he/she has responsibility. In addition, an Investment Persons personal transactions will be reviewed for conflicts in the period starting 7 calendar days before, and ending 7 calendar days after, all trades by their associated investment adviser(s). In some cases, the Investment Person may be required to reverse a trade and/or forfeit an appropriate portion of any profit as determined by the Nuveen Ethics Office. These consequences can apply whether or not the trade was pre-cleared.
The personal trading of Investment Persons is generally only monitored against the trading activity of the specific adviser(s) for which they have been designated an Investment Person.
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Important to understand
Some of our affiliated investment advisers may have supplemental policies of their own that impose additional rules on the same topics covered in this Code. Check with your manager or local/designated Chief Compliance Officer if you have questions.
Personal trading is a privilege, not a right. Nuveen Employees are expected to follow the law and adhere to the highest standards of behaviorincluding with respect to personal trading. Any violation of the Code could have severe adverse effects on you, your co-workers, and Nuveen. You may be held personally liable for your conduct and be subject to fines, regulatory sanctions, and even criminal penalties.
Because Nuveen can restrict your trading or take actions such as forcing you to hold a position or to disgorge profits, personal trading carries risks beyond normal market risks.
Some requirements in this Code apply to Household Members. Each Household Member (see Terms with Special Meanings below) is subject to the same personal trading restrictions and requirements that apply to his/her related Nuveen Employee.
The Code does not address every ethical issue that might arise. If you have any doubt at all after consulting the Code, contact the Nuveen Ethics Office for direction.
The Code applies to appearance as well as substance. Always consider how any action might appear to an outside observer (such as a client or regulator).
You are expected to follow the Code both in letter and in spirit. Literal compliance, such as pre-clearing a transaction, does not necessarily protect you from liability for conduct that violates the spirit of the Code. If you have questions about how to comply with this Code, consult the Nuveen Ethics Office.
WHO TO CONTACT
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Nuveen Ethics Office (Americas) Hotline: 1 800 842 2733 extension 22-5599 nuveenethicsoffice@nuveen.com
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TERMS WITH SPECIAL MEANINGS |
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Within this policy, these terms are defined as follows:
Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio Any Affiliated Fund, or any portfolio or client account advised or sub-advised by Nuveen.
Affiliated Fund Any TIAA-CREF or Nuveen branded or sponsored open-end fund, closed-end fund, or Exchange Traded Fund (ETF), and any third-party fund advised or sub-advised by Nuveen.
Automatic Investment Plan Any program, such as a dividend reinvestment plan (DRIP), under which investment account purchases or withdrawals occur according to a predetermined schedule and allocation.
Beneficial Ownership Any interest by which you or any Household Memberdirectly or indirectlyderives a monetary benefit from purchasing, selling, or owning a security or account, or exercises investment discretion.
You have Beneficial Ownership of securities held in accounts in your own name, or any Household Members name, and in all other accounts over which you or any Household Member exercises or may exercise investment decision- making powers, or other influence or control, including trust, partnership, estate, and corporate accounts or other joint ownership or pooling arrangements.
Code This Code of Ethics.
Domestic Partner An individual who is neither a relative of nor legally married to a Nuveen Employee, but shares a residence and is in a mutual commitment similar to marriage with such Nuveen Employee. |
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Federal Securities Laws The applicable portions of any of the following laws, as amended, and of any rules adopted under them by the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Department of the Treasury:
Securities Act of 1933. Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Investment Company Act of 1940. Investment Advisers Act of 1940. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Title V of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. The Bank Secrecy Act.
Household Member Any of the following who reside, or are expected to reside for at least 90 days a year, in the same household as a Nuveen Employee:
Spouse or Domestic Partner. Sibling. Child, stepchild, grandchild. Parent, stepparent, grandparent. In-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister).
Independent Director Any director or trustee of an Affiliated Fund who is not an interested person within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
Managed Account Any account, including robo-advised accounts, in which you or a Household Member has Beneficial Ownership and for which you have delegated full investment discretion in writing to a third- party broker or investment manager.
Nuveen Nuveen, LLC and all of its direct or indirect subsidiaries worldwide.
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TERMS WITH SPECIAL MEANINGS (continued) |
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Nuveen Employee Any full- or part-time employee of Nuveen, and any consultants, interns or temporary workers designated by the Nuveen Ethics Office.
Private Placement Any offering exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, such as a private equity investment, hedge fund, or limited partnership. A private investment in public equity (PIPE) is also considered a Private Placement.
Reportable Account Any account for which you or a Household Member has Beneficial Ownership AND in which securities can be bought, sold or held. This includes, among others:
All brokerage, IRA, custodial and trust accounts. All Managed Accounts. All 529 College Savings Plan accounts. Any TIAA 401(k) plan account. Any 401(k) plan account that permits transactions in any Reportable Security. Any direct holding in an Affiliated Fund. Any health savings account (HSA) that permits the purchase of any security. Any employee stock purchase plan (ESPP) or employee stock ownership plan (ESOP).
The following are NOT considered Reportable Accounts:
Charitable giving accounts. Any 401(k), 403(b), plan account, or any other account held directly with a mutual fund complex or mutual fund- only platform, and not held at a bank or broker-dealer, in which open-end, non-Affiliated Funds are the only possible investment. Any cash management account with a broker in which a security cannot be purchased or sold. Any accounts that can invest only in cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin or Ethereum.
Reportable Security Any security EXCEPT:
Direct obligations of the US government (indirect obligations, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac securities, are reportable). |
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Certificates of deposit, bankers acceptances, commercial paper, and high quality short-term debt (including repurchase agreements). Money market funds. Open-end funds that are not Affiliated Funds. Note that closed-end funds are Reportable Securities. Note that direct investments in cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin, are not considered to be a security and are therefore not reportable.
Reportable Transaction Any transaction involving a Reportable Security EXCEPT:
Transactions in Managed Accounts. Section 16 Persons: Transactions involving Nuveen closed-end funds in any of your Managed Accounts are reportable. Transactions under an Automatic Investment Plan; note that transactions that override the pre-set schedule or allocation are reportable. Dividends. Interest Accrued.
Section 16 Person Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules thereunder impose certain obligations on persons specified in section 30(h) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as well as insiders of any public company that trades on a national stock exchange (such as a Nuveen closed-end fund). For purposes of Section 16, an insider is:
A director of a public company. A designated officer of a public company. A person who beneficially owns 10% or more of any class of equity security that is registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act. A portfolio manager of a Nuveen closed-end fund.
Persons subject to Section 16 include, but are not limited to, portfolio managers of the Nuveen closed-end funds.
TIAA Employee Any full- or part-time employee of TIAA, and any consultants, interns or temporary workers designated by the Nuveen Ethics Office.
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GENERAL RESTRICTIONS AND REQUIREMENTS
BASIC PRINCIPLES
1. | Never abuse a clients trust, rights, or interests. |
This means you must never do any of the following:
| Engage in any plan or action, or use any device, that would defraud or deceive a client. |
| Make any material statements of fact that are incorrect or misleading, either as to what they include or omit. |
| Engage in any manipulative practice. |
| Use your position (including any knowledge or access to opportunities you have gained by virtue of your position) to personal advantage or to a clients disadvantage. This |
would include, for example, front-running or tailgating (trading directly before or after the execution of a large client trade order), or any attempt to influence a clients trading to enhance the value of your personal holdings. |
| Conduct personal trading in any way that could be inconsistent with your fiduciary duties to a client (even if it does not technically violate the Code). |
2. | Handle conflicts of interest appropriately. This applies not only to actual conflicts of interest, but also to any situation that might appear to an outside observer to be improper or a breach of fiduciary duty. |
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3. | Keep confidential information confidential. Always properly safeguard any confidential information you obtain in the course of your work. This includes confidential information related to any of the following: |
| Any Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio and any other financial product offered or serviced by Nuveen. |
| New products, product changes, or business initiatives. |
| Past, current, and prospective clients, including their identities, investments, and account activity. |
Keeping information confidential means using discretion in disclosing information as well as guarding against unlawful or inappropriate access by others.
This includes:
| Making sure no confidential information is visible on your computer screen and desk when you are not there. |
| Not sharing passwords with others. |
| Using caution when discussing business in any location where your conversation could be overheard. Confidential information may be released only as required by law or as permitted under the applicable privacy policy(ies). Consult the Nuveen Ethics Office or your local/designated CCO before releasing any confidential information. |
4. | Handle Material Non-Public Information properly. Follow all terms described in Material Non-Public Information below. Be aware that any failure to handle such information properly is a serious offense and may lead to disciplinary action from Nuveen as well as serious civil or criminal liability. |
5. | Comply with Federal Securities Laws. Any violation of these laws is punishable as a violation of the Code. |
6. | Never do anything indirectly that, if done directly, would violate the Code. Such actions will be considered the equivalent of direct Code violations. |
7. | Promptly alert the Nuveen Ethics Office or your local/designated CCO of any actual or suspected wrongdoing. Examples of wrongdoing include violations of the Federal Securities Laws, misuse of corporate assets, misuse of confidential information, or other violations of the Code. If you prefer to report confidentially, call the TIAA Confidential Helpline at 1-877-774-6492. Note that failure to report suspected wrongdoing in a timely fashion is itself a violation of the Code. |
PRE-CLEARANCE AND
HOLDING REQUIREMENTS
8. | Pre-clear any trade in Reportable Securities, including certain Affiliated Funds (see box on next page for additional information). |
If your trade requires pre-clearance, request approval through the StarCompliance system (StarCompliance)
before you or any Household Member places an order to buy or sell any Reportable Security. Any approval you receive expires at the end of the day it was granted; however, you may place after-hours trades in international markets until 11:59 PM local time on that day. When requesting pre-clearance, follow this process:
| Request pre-clearance on the same day you want to trade, during standard US trading hours (9:30 AM to 4:00 PM ET). Be sure your pre-clearance request is accurate as to security and direction of trade. |
| Wait for approval to be displayed before trading. If you receive approval, you may only trade that same day, and only within the scope of approval. If you do not receive approval, do not trade |
| Place day orders only. Do not place good-till-canceled orders or limit orders that expire beyond the day of pre-clearance approval. You may place orders for an after-hours trading session or in foreign markets using that days pre-clearance approval, but you must not place any order that could remain open into the next days trading session. |
9. | Hold positions in securities that are subject to pre- clearance for 60 calendar days, or be prepared to forfeit any gains. Several things to note: |
| You may be required to surrender any gains realized (net of commissions) through a violation of this rule. |
| The 60-day holding requirement is tested on a last-in-first-out basis, across all of your holdings (not just within individual accounts). |
| The 60-day holding requirement extends to any options or other transactions that may have the same effect as a purchase or sale, and to all Reportable Securities except Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs), Exchange Traded Notes (ETNs), Unit Investment Trusts (UITs), and open-end Affiliated Funds. |
| Closed-end funds, including Nuveen branded or sponsored closed-end funds, are subject to the 60-day holding requirement. |
| You may sell the security on the 60th day after purchase, provided you obtain pre-clearance or an approved exemption applies. |
| You may re-purchase a security immediately after executing a sale of that same security subject to pre- clearance approval, which will trigger a new 60 calendar day holding period. |
| You may close a position at a loss at any time provided pre-clearance approval has been obtained, or an approved exemption applies. If your pre-clearance has been denied, it is advisable that you contact the Nuveen Ethics Office if you are seeking to sell at a loss within 60 days of your purchase. Note that if there are conflicts with any other provisions of the Code, your pre-clearance denial will not be overridden. |
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10. | Comply with trading restrictions described in the prospectuses for all Affiliated Funds. This includes restrictions on frequent trading in shares of any open-end Affiliated Fund. |
11. | Pre-clear any transaction in a Managed Account that involves your influence. You must also immediately consult with the Nuveen Ethics Office to discuss whether the account in question can properly remain classified as a Managed Account. |
12. | Obtain the required approvals before any transaction in a Private Placement, including PIPEs. Participation and approval for all transactions in Private Placements advised or sub-advised by Nuveen, is facilitated by the Nuveen Employee Investment Program (NuveenEIP@nuveen.com). |
For all other Private Placements, you must obtain approval for initial and subsequent commitments to invest but not sales/redemptions. Be aware that sales/ redemptions are Reportable Transactions. Approval is required even if the investment is made in a Managed Account.
WHAT NEEDS TO BE PRE-CLEARED |
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Pre-clearance required All actively initiated trades in Reportable Securities, except those listed here under No pre- clearance required. The sale of restricted stock or employee stock options accrued during prior employment or a Household Members employment require pre-clearance. If pre-clearance is denied, you may contact the Nuveen Ethics Office to request reconsideration. You may liquidate a position recently acquired through inheritance or a spin-off, subject to pre-clearance approval. If your pre-clearance has been denied, you may contact the Nuveen Ethics Office to seek an exemption.
Be aware that pre-clearance can be withdrawn even after it has been granted, and even after you have traded, if Nuveen later becomes aware of Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio trades whose existence would have resulted in denial of pre-clearance. In these cases, you may be required to reverse a trade and/or forfeit an appropriate portion of any profit, as determined by the Nuveen Ethics Office. Be aware that trades initiated by a broker to address the financial standing of an account can result in violations and will generally not be protected by the Codes actively initiated trade language for trades requiring pre-clearances. Examples include, but are not limited to, brokers initiating trades in margin accounts, brokers initiating trades to cover account fees, and brokers initiating trades to remediate a minimum or negative cash balance in an account. |
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Pre-clearance not required Shares of any open-end mutual fund (including Affiliated Funds). Note that closed-end funds, including Nuveen branded or sponsored closed-end funds, require pre-clearance. ETFs, ETNs, UITs (including options on ETFs and ETNs). CDs and commercial paper. Securities acquired or disposed of through actions outside your control or issued pro rata to all holders of the same class of investment, such as automatic dividend reinvestments, stock splits, mergers, spin-offs, or rights subscriptions. The automatic exercise or liquidation by an exchange of a derivative instrument upon expiration or the delivery of securities pursuant to a written option that is exercised against you, and the assignment of options. Sales pursuant to a bona fide tender offer. Trades made through an Automatic Investment Plan that have been disclosed to the Nuveen Ethics Office in advance. Trades in a Managed Account (except that you must pre-clear any trades that involve your influence, any initial purchases of Private Placements, purchases in any equity IPO, and any sales or redemptions of Private Placements that are branded, sponsored, advised or sub-advised by Nuveen). Foreign currencies, including futures. Commodity instruments. Index options and index futures. Direct investments in cryptocurrencies. Crypto instruments that are comprised of and invest solely in cryptocurrencies.
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OTHER RESTRICTIONS
13. | Never knowingly trade any security being traded or considered for trade by any Affiliate-Advised Account or Portfolio. This applies to employee transactions in securities that are exempt from pre- clearance and includes equivalent or related securities. |
For example, if a companys common stock is being traded, you may face restrictions on trading any of the companys debt, preferred, or foreign equivalent securities, and from trading or exercising any options based on the companys securities.
14. | Always prioritize client trades over personal trades. Your fiduciary duties to the client are far more important than your personal trading, which is a privilege and not a right. Never delay or in any way alter the timing or terms of a client trade for your personal benefit. |
15. | Do not engage in trading that involves single stock futures. |
16. | Do not engage in uncovered short sales of individual securities. |
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17. | You may trade options on individual securities, subject to the 60-day holding period. Options traded must have an expiration of at least 60 days from the date that you enter into the contract. You are not permitted to close an option at a profit within 60 days of having entered into the contract. The option contract can be closed in less than 60 days at a loss, provided pre- clearance approval has been obtained. |
18. | Never participate in an investment club or similar entity. |
19. | Do not engage in excessive or inappropriate trading activity. Never let personal trading interfere with your professional duties. The Nuveen Ethics Office will monitor for potentially excessive or inappropriate trading, and notify you, your manager, and your local/designated CCO for assessment. |
20. | Pre-clear the sale of securities in a margin account. Margin accounts are permitted, however you |
must obtain pre-clearance when selling to meet a margin call, even if the transaction is initiated by a broker. |
21. | Never purchase an IPO without advance approval. This includes Managed Accounts. Equity IPO participation is generally prohibited but approval may be granted in special circumstances, such as when: |
| You already have equity in the company and are offered shares. |
| You are a policy holder or depositor in a company that is demutualizing. |
| A Household Member has been offered shares as an employee. |
Purchases of initial offerings of SPACs, fixed income securities, convertible securities, preferred securities, open- and closed-end funds, commodity pools, and secondary equity offerings are generally permitted subject to prior approval from the Nuveen Ethics Office.
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REPORTING REQUIREMENTS
UPON BECOMING A NUVEEN EMPLOYEE
22. | Within 10 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, acknowledge receipt of the Code. This includes certifying that you have read the Code, understand it, recognize that you are subject to it, have complied with all of its applicable requirements, and have submitted all Code-required reports. |
23. | Within 10 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, use StarCompliance to report all of your Reportable Accounts and holdings in Reportable Securities. |
Report all Reportable Accounts using StarCompliance within 10 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, making sure that you include information about the broker, dealer, or bank through which the account is held and the type of account. You must report all holdings in Reportable Securities in StarCompliance within 10 calendar days by uploading the most recent statement. You must also enter each Reportable Security into StarCompliance as an initial holding if: 1) the account is an account type not required to be maintained with an approved broker as described in item 25 below (excluding Managed Accounts), or 2) you wish to sell a Reportable Security in an approved broker account, or in transition to an approved broker account, prior to the establishment of the brokers electronic feed. For each Reportable Security, provide the security name and type, a ticker symbol or CUSIP, the number of shares or units held, and the principal amount (dollar value). This information must be no older than 45 calendar days before your first day of employment.
Note that there are separate procedures for Managed Accounts, as described below in item 27.
24. | Within 10 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, report all current investments in Private Placements (limited offerings). Limited offerings are Reportable Securities. |
25. | Within 30 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, move or close any Reportable Account that is not at an approved firm. This does not include Reportable Accounts that are 401(k), HSA, ESPP/ESOP, or 529 plans, or Reportable Accounts that cannot trade or hold Reportable Securities. Accounts held directly with a mutual fund complex or mutual fund only platform that are not held with a bank or broker-dealer, and in which open-end non-Affiliated Funds are the only possible investment are not reportable. Contact the Nuveen Ethics Office if you are unsure whether your account must be held with an approved firm. The list of approved firms is maintained by the Nuveen Ethics Office and may be accessed on StarCompliance. |
Under very limited circumstances, it may be possible to obtain a waiver to keep a Reportable Account at a non- approved firm. Examples include:
| An account owned by a Household Member who works at another financial firm with comparable restrictions. |
| An account that holds securities that cannot be transferred. |
| An account that cannot be moved because of a trust agreement. |
To apply for an exception, contact the Nuveen Ethics Office. For any account granted an exception, you are required to upload statements for the account in StarCompliance based on the frequency with which a statement is generated for the account (e.g. monthly, quarterly). In all cases, if your accounts are not held at an approved firm, you must manually enter all Reportable Transactions in StarCompliance within 5 days of execution.
Consultants and temporary workers are generally not required to move or close Reportable Accounts.
26. | Within 30 calendar days of starting at Nuveen, seek approval to liquidate any securities held prior to starting at Nuveen that you do not wish to continue to hold. If you wish to liquidate securities that you held prior to joining Nuveen, seek approval by contacting the Nuveen Ethics Office within 30 calendar days of starting at Nuveen. If you do not liquidate securities during this time, you will generally forfeit this consideration for liquidation. |
WHEN OPENING ANY MANAGED ACCOUNT
27. | Get pre-approval for any new Managed Account before any trading activity commences and report the account within 10 calendar days of the date you or a Household Member opens the account or an account becomes a Reportable Account through marriage, cohabitation, divorce, death, or another event. Using the appropriate form which may be accessed in StarCompliance, provide representations that support the classification of the account as a Managed Account. For an account to be classified as a Managed Account, the account owner must have no direct or indirect influence or control over the securities in the account. The form must be signed by the accounts broker or investment manager and by all account owners. The broker or investment manager may provide a Managed Account agreement or letter which substantiates the account as managed in lieu of signing the form. You may be asked periodically to confirm these representations or submit an updated form to confirm such. |
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Note that upon request, you are also responsible for providing duplicate statements for the Managed Account to the Nuveen Ethics Office.
WHEN OPENING ANY NEW
REPORTABLE ACCOUNT
28. | Report any new Reportable Account, including Managed Accounts. Do this in StarCompliance within 10 calendar days of the date you or a Household member opens the account or an account becomes a Reportable Account through marriage, cohabitation, divorce, death, or another event. |
EVERY QUARTER
29. | Within 30 calendar days of the end of each calendar quarter, verify in StarCompliance that all Reportable Transactions made during that quarter have been reported. StarCompliance will display all transactions of yours for which it has received notice (except transactions in your TIAA pension and retirement plan accounts, which you are not required to report because the firm accesses this information directly). For any other Reportable Transactions not displayed, or displayed inaccurately, you are responsible for making any necessary revisions in StarCompliance prior to completing your certification. |
30. | For each Reportable Transaction, you must provide, as applicable, the transaction date, security name and type, ticker symbol or CUSIP, interest rate (coupon) and maturity date, number of shares, price at which the transaction was effected, principal amount (dollar value), the nature of the trade (buy or sell), and the name of the broker, dealer, or bank that effected the transaction. It is very important that you carefully review and verify the transactions and related details displayed in StarCompliance, checking for accuracy and completeness. Once again, if you find any errors or omissions, correct or add to your list of transactions in StarCompliance. |
EVERY YEAR
31. | Within 45 calendar days of the end of each calendar year, acknowledge receipt of the most recent version of the Code and certify in StarCompliance as to your annual Reportable Security holdings and Reportable Accounts. |
The reporting must contain the information described in item 23 above and include your certification that you have reported all Reportable Accounts, and all holdings in Reportable Securities at year end. You are responsible for ensuring that all of your Reportable Accounts have been accurately reported in StarCompliance. If any of your holdings in Reportable Securities are not displayed in StarCompliance or are displayed inaccurately, you are responsible for entering adjustments and trade confirms or making any necessary revisions in StarCompliance to complete your certification.
In addition, you must affirm each year through StarCompliance that each Managed Account is properly classified as a Managed Account, for yourself and on behalf of any Household Member. This affirmation does not require broker or investment manager involvement.
You also must acknowledge any amendments to the Code that occur during the course of the year.
ADDITIONAL RULES FOR SECTION 16 PERSONS
Pre-clear transactions in all closed-end funds through StarCompliance. Any requests involving Nuveen closed- end funds will be reviewed by Legal. Pre-clear buy/sell transactions involving any Nuveen closed-end funds within your Managed Account(s). When selling for a gain any securities you buy that are issued by the entity of which you are a Section 16 Person, make sure it is at least 6 months after your most recent purchase of that security. This rule extends to any options or other transactions that may have the same effect as a purchase or sale, and is tested on a last-in- first-out basis. You may be required to surrender any gains realized through a violation of this rule. Note that for any fund of which you are a Section 16 Person, no exception from pre-clearance is available. Promptly email to the appropriate contact in Legal the details of all executed transactions in Nuveen closed-end funds of which you are a Section 16 Person. See the Nuveen Funds Section 16 Policy and Procedures for additional information. If you are unsure whether you are a Section 16 Person, contact Legal or the Nuveen Ethics Office.
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CODE ADMINISTRATION |
Training
You will be required to participate in training on the Code when joining Nuveen as well as periodically during the time you are subject to the Code.
Exceptions
The Code exists to prevent violations of law. The Nuveen Ethics Office may, under certain circumstances, grant waivers from a Code requirement. No waivers or exceptions that would violate any law will be granted.
Monitoring
The Nuveen Ethics Office is responsible for monitoring accounts, transactions, holdings and certifications for any violations of this Code.
Consequences of violation
Any individual who violates the Code is subject to penalty. Penalties could include, among other possibilities, a written warning, restriction of trading privileges, unwinding or reversing trades, disgorgement of trading profits, fines, and suspension or termination of employment.
Applicable rules
The Code has been adopted in recognition of Nuveens fiduciary obligations to clients and in accordance with various provisions of Rule 204A-1 under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940. This Code is also adopted by the Affiliated Funds advised by Nuveen Fund Advisors, LLC, TIAA-CREF Investment Management, LLC and Teachers Advisors, LLC under Rule 17j-1.
Some elements of the Code also constitute part of Nuveens response to Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) requirements that apply to registered personnel of Nuveen Securities, LLC.
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Nuveen Funds
TIAA-CREF Funds
TIAA-CREF Life Funds
Code of Ethics for the Independent
Trustees
I. Summary
a. | Purpose |
The purpose of the Code is to help to ensure that the Independent Directors/Trustees (Trustees) of the Nuveen Funds, the TIAA-CREF Funds and the TIAA-CREF Life Funds (collectively, the Funds) place the interests of the Funds and their shareholders ahead of the Trustees own personal interests. This Code has been adopted in recognition of the Trustees fiduciary obligations to Nuveen Fund shareholders and in accordance with various provisions of Rule 17j-1 under the Investment Company Act of 1940.
b. | Important to understand |
The securities industry is highly regulated and its participants are expected to adhere to high standards of behavior, including in their personal trading. A violation of the Code can have an adverse effect on you, your fellow Trustees, and Nuveen, as well as the Funds and their shareholders. The Code does not address every ethical issue that might arise.
It is important for Trustees to be sensitive to investments that may compromise your independence, directly or indirectly. The Code applies to appearance as well as substance. Always consider how any action might appear to an outside observer such as a regulator. If you have any doubt after consulting the Code, contact Legal or Compliance.
For purposes of the Code, the obligations and requirements for Trustees also covers the Trustees Household Members (as defined herein) and covers any account for which the Trustee or Household Member has Beneficial Ownership (also as defined herein).
c. | Terms with Special Meanings |
i. | Beneficial Ownership: Any interest by which you or any Household Member directly or indirectly derives a monetary benefit from purchasing, selling, or owning a security or account, or exercises investment discretion. |
You have Beneficial Ownership of securities held in accounts in your own name, or any Household Members name, and in all other accounts over which you or any Household Member exercise or may exercise investment decision-making powers, or other influence or control, including trust, partnership, estate, and corporate accounts or other joint
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ownership or pooling arrangements. |
ii. | Code. This Code of Ethics. |
iii. | Household Member: Any of the following who reside, or are expected to reside for at least 90 days a year, in the same household as a Trustee: Spouse or Domestic Partner, Sibling, Child, Stepchild, Grandchild, Parent, Stepparent, Grandparent, In-laws (mother, father, son, daughter, brother, sister). |
iv. | Inside Information: Inside information is information that is both material and non-public. Information is material if: (1) a reasonable investor would likely consider it important when making an investment decision; and (2) public release of the information would likely affect the price of a security. Information is non- public if it has not been distributed through a widely used public medium such as a press release or a report, filing or other periodic communication. |
v. | Nuveen: Nuveen, LLC. and all of its direct or indirect subsidiaries. |
vi. | Fund: Any Nuveen or TIAA-CREF-sponsored open-end fund, closed-end fund, or exchange traded fund (respectively, OEF, CEF, and ETF) |
vii. | Trustee: Any director or trustee of a Fund who is not an interested person of the Funds within the meaning of Section 2(a)(19) of the Investment Company Act of 1940.. |
II. Restrictions and requirements
a. | Do not purchase or sell common or preferred shares of any Nuveen CEF without prior approval from Nuveen Legal. The procedures are found in the Director Handbook located in the boards online portal under the Resources folder. |
b. | Do not purchase and sell or sell and purchase a Nuveen CEF within 6 months at a profit. |
c. | Do not purchase or sell any securities if you know at the time of the proposed transaction that a Nuveen Fund has purchased or sold the same securities within the past 15 days, or is considering purchasing or selling the same securities within the next 15 days. This is the 15-day window. |
d. | Avoid conflicts of interest. This applies not only to actual conflicts of interest, but also to any situation that might appear to an outside observer to be improper or a breach of fiduciary duty. |
e. | Keep confidential information regarding the Funds, including information regarding securities held in or under consideration for a Nuveen Fund, confidential. |
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f. | Comply with trading restrictions found in the prospectuses for the Funds. This includes restrictions on frequent trading in shares of any Nuveen OEF. |
g. | Never do anything indirectly that, if done directly, would violate the Code. Such actions will be considered the equivalent of direct Code violations. |
h. | Promptly alert Compliance of any actual or suspected wrongdoing. |
III. Actions to Take
a. | When you become a Trustee: Sign an acknowledgement that you have received this Code. |
b. | If you want to trade in a security within the 15-day window (described above) |
i. | Contact Legal to pre-clear your trade. |
ii. | Submit a quarterly transaction report to Compliance within 30 days after the end of the quarter in which the transaction takes place. |
c. | If you want to trade in common or preferred shares of any Nuveen CEF |
i. | Contact Legal to pre-clear your trade. |
ii. | After you have purchased or sold the shares, immediately notify Legal and Compliance of the number of shares and the price. |
d. | Section 16 CEF Insider Requirements |
i. | Reporting Requirements Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act requires officers and directors of certain publicly-traded companies to report promptly to the SEC their trades in the company of which they are an insider. As a Trustee, you are considered an insider of the Nuveen CEFs and must report your trades in Nuveen CEF shares. Please also see III.c.ii. above. |
ii. | Short Swing Profit Prohibition Section 16 insiders are also subject to a ban on short-swing profits from sales of shares of the company. This means that you may not profit from any purchase and any sale of Nuveen CEF shares within 6 months of each other. You must surrender to the Nuveen CEF in question any profits from such trades. This extends to options or other transactions that may have the same effect as a purchase or sale. Please also see II.b. above. |
e. | During the year: Acknowledge receipt of any material amendments to the Code. Your approval of such changes may serve as the acknowledgment. |
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IV. Administration of this Code
a. | Training: A Nuveen representative will review this Code with you when you join the Board. |
b. | Exceptions: The Code exists to ensure that Trustees place the interests of the Funds and shareholders ahead of Trustees own personal interests |
c. | Reporting and enforcement: Compliance will alert the Nuveen Fund Board to any known violations of this Code. The Nuveen Fund Board shall determine what action is appropriate for any breach of the provisions of this Code by a Trustee. |
V. Responsible
Parties
Fund Board Relations
Legal
Compliance (Fund and Ethics Office)
Effective: January 1, 2024
Amended: January 1, 2024
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POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Joseph A. Boateng |
Joseph A. Boateng |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Michael A. Forrester |
Michael A. Forrester |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Thomas J. Kenny |
Thomas J. Kenny |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for her on her behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set her hand this 1st day of January, 2024.
/s/ Amy B. R. Lancellotta |
Amy B. R. Lancellotta |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for her on her behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set her hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Joanne T. Medero |
Joanne T. Medero |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Albin F. Moschner |
Albin F. Moschner |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ John K. Nelson |
John K. Nelson |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Matthew Thornton III |
Matthew Thornton III |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Loren M. Starr |
Loren M. Starr |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Terence J. Toth |
Terence J. Toth |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. MCCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for her on her behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set her hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Margaret L. Wolff |
Margaret L. Wolff |
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that the undersigned, a director/trustee of the organizations listed on Appendix A, hereby constitutes and appoints MARK J. CZARNIECKI, JEREMY FRANKLIN, DIANA R. GONZALEZ, BRIAN H. LAWRENCE, KEVIN J. McCARTHY, JOHN M. MCCANN, MARK L. WINGET and RACHAEL ZUFALL, and each of them (with full power to each of them to act alone) his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, for him on his behalf and in Registration Statements on Form N-1A or Form N-2, as applicable, under the Securities Act of 1933 and the Investment Company Act of 1940, including any amendment or amendments thereto, with all exhibits, and any and all other documents required to be filed with any regulatory authority, federal or state, relating to the registration thereof, or the issuance of shares thereof, without limitation, granting unto said attorneys, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises in order to effectuate the same as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do if personally present, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned director/trustee of the above-referenced organizations has hereunto set his hand this 1st day of January 2024.
/s/ Robert L. Young |
Robert L. Young |
APPENDIX A
NUSHARES ETF TRUST
NUVEEN ENHANCED HIGH YIELD MUNICIPAL BOND FUND
NUVEEN INVESTMENT FUNDS, INC.
NUVEEN INVESTMENT TRUST
NUVEEN INVESTMENT TRUST II
NUVEEN INVESTMENT TRUST III
NUVEEN INVESTMENT TRUST V
NUVEEN MUNICIPAL TRUST
NUVEEN MULTISTATE TRUST I
NUVEEN MULTISTATE TRUST II
NUVEEN MULTISTATE TRUST III
NUVEEN MULTISTATE TRUST IV
NUVEEN MANAGED ACCOUNTS PORTFOLIOS TRUST
TIAA-CREF FUNDS
TIAA-CREF LIFE FUNDS