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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 18, 2025

Registration No. 333-   

 

 
 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-8

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

COREWEAVE, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   82-3060021

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100

Livingston, NJ 07039

(973) 270-9737

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

2019 Stock Option Plan

(Full title of the plans)

Michael Intrator

Chief Executive Officer

290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100

Livingston, NJ 07039

(973) 270-9737

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Please send copies of all communications to:

 

Michael A. Brown

Ran D. Ben-Tzur

Jennifer J. Hitchcock

Aman D. Singh

Fenwick & West LLP

902 Broadway, 18th Floor

New York, NY 10010

(212) 430-2600

 

Kristen McVeety

General Counsel

Nisha Antony

Deputy General Counsel

CoreWeave, Inc.

290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100

Livingston, NJ 07039

(973) 270-9737

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

Large accelerated filer      Accelerated filer  
Non-accelerated filer      Smaller reporting company  
     Emerging growth company  

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ☐

 

 
 


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EXPLANATORY NOTE

This registration statement contains a “reoffer prospectus” prepared in accordance with Part I of Form S-3 (in accordance with Instruction C of the General Instructions to Form S-8). This reoffer prospectus may be used for reoffers and resales on a continuous or delayed basis of certain of those shares of Class A common stock (the “Shares”) of CoreWeave, Inc. (“us,” “we” or the “Registrant”) referred to herein that constitute “control securities” or “restricted securities,” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Instruction C of the General Instructions to Form S-8, by certain stockholders that are current employees, consultants, and advisors of the Registrant (the “Selling Stockholders”) for their own accounts. Certain of the Selling Stockholders may be eligible to sell their Shares prior to the expiration of market standoff agreements or the lock-up agreements that they have entered into with the underwriters for our initial public offering, pursuant to release provisions in such lock-up agreements as described in the section titled “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” in our registration statement on Form S-1, initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 3, 2025 and as amended from time to time thereafter (File No. 333-285512). Subject to such market standoff agreements or lock-up agreements, the Selling Stockholders may sell any, all, or none of the Shares, and we do not know when or in what amount the Selling Stockholders may sell their Shares, if they were to sell any, hereunder following the effective date of this registration statement. As specified in General Instruction C of Form S-8, the amount of securities to be reoffered or resold under the reoffer prospectus by each Selling Stockholder and any other person with whom he or she is acting in concert for the purpose of selling our securities, may not exceed, during any three-month period, the amount specified in Rule 144(e) under the Securities Act.

 


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REOFFER PROSPECTUS

 

LOGO

CoreWeave, Inc.

1,919,872 Shares of Class A Common Stock

 

 

This prospectus relates to 1,919,872 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.000005 per share (the “Shares”), of CoreWeave, Inc., a Delaware corporation, which Shares may be offered from time to time by certain stockholders that are our current employees, consultants, and advisors (the “Selling Stockholders”) for their own accounts. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of Shares by the Selling Stockholders made hereunder. The Shares were or will be acquired by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to our 2019 Stock Option Plan.

The Selling Stockholders may sell the securities described in this prospectus in a number of different ways and at varying prices, including sales in the open market, sales in negotiated transactions and sales by a combination of these methods. Certain of the Selling Stockholders may be eligible to sell their Shares prior to the expiration of market standoff agreements or the lock-up agreements that they have entered into with the underwriters for our initial public offering, pursuant to release provisions in such lock-up agreements as described in the section titled “Shares Eligible for Future Sale” in our registration statement on Form S-1, initially filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 3, 2025 and as amended from time to time thereafter (File No. 333-285512). Subject to such market standoff agreements or lock-up agreements, the Selling Stockholders may sell any, all, or none of the Shares, and we do not know when or in what amount the Selling Stockholders may sell their Shares, if they were to sell any, hereunder following the effective date of this registration statement.. The price at which any of the Shares may be sold, and the commissions, if any, paid in connection with any such sale, are unknown and may vary from transaction to transaction. The Shares may be sold at the market price of our Class A common stock at the time of a sale, at prices relating to the market price over a period of time, or at prices negotiated with the buyers of shares. The Shares may be sold through underwriters or dealers which the Selling Stockholders may select. If underwriters or dealers are used to sell the Shares, we will name them and describe their compensation in a prospectus supplement. We provide more information about how the Selling Stockholders may sell their Shares in the section titled “Plan of Distribution.” The Selling Stockholders will bear all sales commissions and similar expenses. Any other expenses incurred by us in connection with the registration and offering that are not borne by the Selling Stockholders will be borne by us.

Our Class A common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “CRWV.” On April 17, 2025, the last reported sale price of our Class A common stock, was $39.09 per share.

The amount of securities to be offered or resold under this reoffer prospectus by each Selling Stockholder or other person with whom he, she or it is acting in concert for the purpose of selling our securities, may not exceed, during any three-month period, the amount specified in Rule 144(e) under the Securities Act.

 

 

Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk. Before buying any securities, you should carefully read the discussion of the risks of investing in our securities in “Risk Factors” beginning on page 3 of this prospectus.

The SEC may take the view that, under certain circumstances, the Selling Stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that participate with the Selling Stockholders in the distribution of the Shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act. Commissions, discounts or concessions received by any such broker-dealer or agent may be deemed to be underwriting commissions under the Securities Act. See the section titled “Plan of Distribution.”

Neither the SEC nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

 

The date of this prospectus is April 18, 2025


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

     Page  

THE COMPANY

     1  

RISK FACTORS

     3  

SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

     4  

USE OF PROCEEDS

     6  

SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

     7  

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

     8  

LEGAL MATTERS

     10  

EXPERTS

     10  

INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

     10  

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

     10  

PART I INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(A) PROSPECTUS

     11  

PART II INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

     12  

EXHIBITS

     14  

SIGNATURES

     16  

Neither we nor any of the Selling Stockholders has authorized anyone to provide you with any information or to make any representations other than those contained in this prospectus or in any free writing prospectuses we have prepared. Neither we nor any of the Selling Stockholders take any responsibility for, and can provide no assurance as to the reliability of, any other information that others may give you. We are not making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of its date, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our Class A common stock. Our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future growth prospectus may have changed since that date.

CoreWeave, the CoreWeave logo, and other registered or common law trade names, trademarks, or service marks of CoreWeave appearing in this prospectus are the property of CoreWeave, Inc. This prospectus contains additional trade names, trademarks, logos, and service marks of ours and of other companies. We do not intend our use or display of other companies’ trade names, trademarks, logos, or service marks to imply a relationship with these other companies, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by these other companies. Other trademarks appearing in this prospectus are the property of their respective holders. Solely for convenience, our trade names, trademarks, logos, and service marks referred to in this prospectus may appear without the ® and symbols, but those references are not intended to indicate, in any way, that we will not assert, to the fullest extent under applicable law, our rights, or the right of the applicable licensor, to these trademarks, trade names, and service marks. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “CoreWeave,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to CoreWeave, Inc. and our subsidiaries. References to our “common stock” include our Class A common stock, Class B common stock and Class C common stock.


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THE COMPANY

CoreWeave, Inc.

CoreWeave powers the creation and delivery of the intelligence that drives innovation.

We are the AI HyperscalerTM driving the AI revolution. Our CoreWeave Cloud Platform consists of our proprietary software and cloud services that deliver the software and software intelligence needed to manage complex AI infrastructure at scale. Our platform supports the development and use of ground-breaking models and the delivery of the next generation of AI applications that are changing the way we live and work across the globe—our platform is trusted by some of the world’s leading AI labs and AI enterprises.

We believe AI is the next frontier for innovation in technology, driving productivity and efficiency gains and enabling new business models in nearly every industry and organization. The generalized cloud infrastructure that drove the cloud revolution beginning in the 2000s was built to host websites, databases, and SaaS apps that have fundamentally different needs than the high performance requirements of AI. As workloads and technologies evolve, so too must the infrastructure and cloud software and services that power them. We believe we are at the start of a new cloud era that will drive the AI revolution. For AI to reach its full potential, it needs a purpose-built AI cloud platform with infrastructure and managed cloud services that are delivered in an efficient, automated, and highly performant way. Enter CoreWeave, the AI HyperscalerTM.

We purpose-built our CoreWeave Cloud Platform to be the infrastructure and application platform for AI. Our platform manages the complexity of engineering, assembling, running, and monitoring state-of-the-art infrastructure at a massive scale to deliver high performance and efficiency to AI workloads. Through our proprietary software capabilities, we enable our customers to achieve substantially higher total system performance and more favorable uptime relative to other AI offerings within existing infrastructure cloud environments and unlock speed at scale. By delivering more compute cycles to AI workloads and thereby reducing the time required to train models, our capabilities can significantly accelerate the time to solution for customers in the ongoing hyper-competitive race to build the next bleeding-edge AI models.

Risk Factors

Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties of which you should be aware before making a decision to invest in our Class A common stock. These risks, among others, include the following:

 

   

Our recent growth may not be indicative of our future growth, and if we do not effectively manage our future growth, our business, operating results, financial condition, and future prospects may be adversely affected.

 

   

We have a limited number of suppliers for significant components of the equipment we use to build and operate our platform and provide our solutions and services. Any disruption in the availability of these components could delay our ability to expand or increase the capacity of our infrastructure or replace defective equipment.

 

   

Our business would be harmed if we were not able to access sufficient power or by increased costs to procure power, prolonged power outages, shortages, or capacity constraints.

 

   

If our data center providers fail to meet the requirements of our business, or if the data center facilities experience damage, interruption, or a security breach, our ability to provide access to our infrastructure and maintain the performance of our network could be negatively impacted.

 

   

A substantial portion of our revenue is driven by a limited number of our customers, and the loss of, or a significant reduction in, spend from one or a few of our top customers would adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition, and future prospects.

 

   

If we fail to efficiently enhance our platform and develop and sell new solutions and services and respond effectively to rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, changing regulations, and changing customer needs, requirements, or preferences, our platform may become less competitive.

 

   

The broader adoption, use, and commercialization of AI technology, and the continued rapid pace of developments in the AI field, are inherently uncertain. Failure by our customers to continue to use our CoreWeave Cloud Platform to support AI use cases in their systems, or our ability to keep up with evolving AI technology requirements and regulatory frameworks, could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, financial condition, and future prospects.

 

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Our operating results may fluctuate significantly, which could make our future results difficult to predict and could cause our operating results to fall below expectations.

 

   

We face intense competition and could lose market share to our competitors, which would adversely affect our business, operating results, financial condition, and future prospects.

 

   

We have a history of generating net losses as a result of the substantial investments we have made to grow our business and develop our platform, anticipate increases in our operating expenses in the future, and may not achieve or, if achieved, sustain profitability. If we cannot achieve and, if achieved, sustain profitability, our business, operating results, financial condition, and future prospects will be adversely affected.

 

   

We have identified material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting. If our remediation of such material weaknesses is not effective, or if we experience additional material weaknesses in the future or otherwise fail to develop and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, our ability to produce timely and accurate financial statements or comply with applicable laws and regulations could be impaired.

 

   

Our substantial indebtedness could materially adversely affect our financial condition, our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations, our ability to operate our business, our ability to react to changes in the economy or our industry, our ability to meet our obligations under our outstanding indebtedness and could divert our cash flow from operations for debt payments, and we may still incur substantially more indebtedness in the future.

 

   

The multi-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting power with our Co-Founders, which will limit your ability to influence the outcome of important transactions, including a change in control.

Corporate Information

We were formed in September 2017 as a Delaware limited liability company under the name The Atlantic Crypto Corporation LLC and converted to a Delaware corporation in September 2018 under the name Atlantic Crypto Corporation. In December 2019, we changed our name to “CoreWeave, Inc.” Our principal executive offices are located at 290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100, Livingston, NJ 07039. Our telephone number is (973) 270-9737. Our website address is www.coreweave.com. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not a part of this prospectus. Investors should not rely on any such information in deciding whether to purchase shares of our Class A common stock.

 

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RISK FACTORS

An investment in shares of our Class A common stock is highly speculative and involves a high degree of risk. We face a variety of risks that may affect our operations or financial results and many of those risks are driven by factors that we cannot control or predict. Before investing in our Class A common stock, you should carefully consider the risks below and set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Prospectus dated March 27, 2025, filed on March 31, 2025 pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, relating to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-285512), which are incorporated by reference herein, and subsequent reports filed with the SEC, together with the financial and other information contained or incorporated by reference in this prospectus. If any of these risks actually occurs, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our Class A common stock would likely decline and you may lose all or a part of your investment. Only those investors who can bear the risk of loss of their entire investment should invest in our Class A common stock. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial also may impair our business operations.

 

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SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference herein contain forward-looking statements. All statements contained in this prospectus other than statements of historical fact, including statements regarding our future operating results and financial condition, our business strategy and plans, market growth, and our objectives for future operations, are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “may,” “will,” “potentially,” “estimate,” “continue,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “could,” “would,” “project,” “target,” “plan,” “expect,” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, statements about:

 

   

our future financial performance, including our expectations regarding our revenue, cost of revenue, operating margin, operating expenses, including changes in operating expenses, and our ability to achieve and maintain future profitability;

 

   

our business plan and our ability to effectively manage our growth and maintain our corporate culture;

 

   

our total market opportunity;

 

   

anticipated trends, growth rates, and challenges in our business and in the markets in which we operate;

 

   

market acceptance of our platform, solutions, and services;

 

   

beliefs and objectives for future operations;

 

   

our ability to successfully retain and expand usage of our existing customers and attract new customers;

 

   

the percentages of remaining performance obligations that we expect to recognize as revenue over respective future periods;

 

   

our ability to develop and introduce new products and solutions and bring them to market in a timely manner;

 

   

the expected timing for completion, benefits, and impacts of our proposed acquisition of Weights & Biases, Inc.;

 

   

our expectations concerning relationships with third parties, including IT service providers, business partners, vendors, suppliers, and cloud-based service providers;

 

   

our ability to maintain, protect, and enhance our intellectual property rights;

 

   

our ability to expand internationally;

 

   

the effects of increased competition in our markets and our ability to compete effectively;

 

   

our ability to identify, recruit, hire, and retain skilled personnel, including key members of senior management;

 

   

our intention to continue to make investments in talent and our platform infrastructure;

 

   

our ability to raise additional capital, including our ability to enter into new efficient financing structures;

 

   

future acquisitions or investments in complementary companies or products;

 

   

our ability to stay in compliance with laws and regulations that currently apply or may become applicable to our business both in the United States and internationally;

 

   

our ability to maintain the security and availability of our platform and protect against data breaches and other security incidents;

 

   

economic and industry trends, projected growth, or trend analysis, particularly as it relates to AI compute;

 

   

general economic conditions in the United States and globally, including the effects of global geopolitical conflicts, inflation, interest rates, any instability in the global banking sector, and foreign currency exchange rates;

 

   

our ability to operate and grow our business in light of macroeconomic uncertainty;

 

   

our ability to remediate our material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting;

 

   

increased expenses associated with being a public company; and

 

   

other statements regarding our future operations, financial condition, and prospects and business strategies.

We have based these forward-looking statements largely on our current expectations and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our financial condition, operating results, business strategy, and short-term and long-term business operations and objectives. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including those described in the section titled “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment, and new risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements we may make. In light of these risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in this prospectus may not occur, and actual results could differ materially and adversely from those anticipated or implied in the forward-looking statements.

You should not rely upon forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. The events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur. We undertake no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements for any reason after the date of this prospectus or to conform these statements to actual results or to changes in our expectations, except as required by law. These forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments.

 

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In addition, statements that “we believe” and similar statements reflect our beliefs and opinions on the relevant subject. These statements are based on information available to us as of the date of this prospectus. While we believe such information provides a reasonable basis for these statements, such information may be limited or incomplete. Our statements should not be read to indicate that we have conducted an exhaustive inquiry into, or review of, all potentially available relevant information. These statements are inherently uncertain, and investors are cautioned not to unduly rely on these statements.

You should read this prospectus and the documents that we reference in this prospectus and have filed with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part with the understanding that our actual future results, performance, and events and circumstances may be materially different from what we expect.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of the Shares. All proceeds from the sale of the Shares will be for the account of the Selling Stockholders, as described below. See the sections titled “Selling Stockholders” and “Plan of Distribution” described below.

 

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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our Class A common stock as of March 31, 2025, as adjusted to reflect the Shares that may be sold from time to time pursuant to this prospectus, for all Selling Stockholders, consisting of the individuals shown as having shares listed in the column entitled “Shares Being Offered.”

The Shares offered by the Selling Stockholders hereunder consist of an aggregate of 1,919,872 outstanding Shares acquired by certain of our current employees (including officers), consultants and advisors upon the exercise of stock options and settlement of restricted stock units (“RSUs”) granted under the Plan. We have determined beneficial ownership in accordance with the rules of the SEC and the information is not necessarily indicative of beneficial ownership for any other purpose. Unless otherwise indicated below, to our knowledge, the persons named in the table have sole voting and sole investment power with respect to all shares that they beneficially own, subject to community property laws where applicable. In computing the number of shares of Class A common stock beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, we deemed to be outstanding all shares of Class A common stock subject to options held by that person or entity that are currently exercisable or that will become exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2025 and RSUs that are expected to vest and settle within 60 days of March 31, 2025. We did not deem these shares outstanding, however, for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.

Applicable percentage ownership of our common stock before this offering is based on 347,304,751 shares of our Class A common stock, 118,102,040 shares of our Class B common stock outstanding, and no shares of our Class C common stock outstanding, in each case as of March 31, 2025.

 

    

Class A Shares Beneficially Owned Prior

to the Offering

  

Class A Shares Being

Offered

  

Class A Shares Beneficially Owned
After the Offering(1)

Selling Stockholder   

Shares

  

Percentage

  

Shares

  

Shares

  

Percentage

              
Kristen McVeety(2)    1,510,207    *    75,510    1,434,697    *
Nitin Agrawal(3)    243,223    *    12,161    231,062    *
Named Selling Stockholders(4)    12,673,235    3.6%    1,500,863    11,172,372    3.1%

Other Selling Stockholders(5)

   5,894,608    1.7%    331,338    5,563,270    1.6%
 
*

Represents beneficial ownership of less than 1.0%.

 

  (1)

Assumes that all of the Shares held by each Selling Stockholder and being offered under this prospectus are sold, and that no Selling Stockholder will acquire additional shares of common stock before the completion of this offering.

  (2)

Consists of: (i) 95,000 shares of Class A common stock directly held by the Jackfruit 2024 GRAT; (ii) 1,410,860 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the exercise of stock options directly held by Kristen McVeety; and (iii) 4,347 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units within 60 days of March 31, 2025. Ms. McVeety is the trustee and beneficiary of Jackfruit 2024 GRAT.

  (3)

Consists of: (i) 231,811 shares of Class A common stock directly held by Nitin Agrawal and (ii) 11,412 shares of Class A common stock issuable upon the vesting and settlement of restricted stock units within 60 days of March 31, 2025.

  (4)

Includes the following 147 named non-affiliate persons, each of whom holds at least 1,000 Shares of Class A common stock or equity awards issuable for an amount equal to 1% or more of the securities issuable pursuant to the Company’s 2019 Stock Option Plan: Abdallah Ibrahim, Adam Wesley Allred, Alan David Canarick, Amanda Shaina McVey, Ana Garcia de Leon Arnal, Anthony Michael Mercurio, Anthony Alex Piglovski, Anthony Joseph Rabbito, Anthony Rizzo, Ashley Kaela Kowalik, Blake Karle Moore, Brandon Reese Jacobs, Brent Atchison, Bridget Puamana Leonard, Bryan James Halfpap, Bryan Wesley Brown, Carlos Mario Ascuasiati Guerrero, Casey Intrator, Cesar Mesones, Charles Joseph Doherty, Charles Henry Hughes, Charles Lawrence Stanley Marshall, Chrissy Weeks, Conrad Thomas Ratschan, Constance Leigh Saemisch, Damian Patricio Correa, Daniel Jacob Hix, Daniel Antony Money, Daniel James Olson, David Colon, David Andrew Marx, Dean Kenneth Hawryschuk, Dean Mikael Montero, Diego Rodrigo Rodriguez Boy, Elijah Alexander Martin-Merrill, Eric Albert Saltzman, Eryn Doerffler, Eta Syra Gluck, Frank Rubio Tallavas, Gabrielle K Sweda, Garrett Marshall Rosenblatt, Gonzalo Pinon Herrera, Greg Scott Huey, Han Zhong Mahle, Clark Harris Weeks, Harshdeep Singh Banwait, Irene Tatiana Padkowsky, Edward Isaac Gutman Sparling, Isabel Felicia Giang, Jacob Adam Yundt, Jake Abram Intrator, Jakob Borg, Jared Benjamin Swets, Jenghis Manning-Pettit, Jennifer Alice Lubell, Jesus Alberto Robles, John Andrew Boyle, John MacCallum, John Frank Mancuso, John Subin, Jonathan Süssemilch Poulain, Joseph Vincent Mastro, Joseph Giovanni Ragno, Josh Frantz, Joshua Joseph Bonnett, Joshua David Silberberg, Jouni Ollila, Jourdan Thomas McClure, Kamil Derynski, Kevin Louis Baxter, Kevin J Hopper, Kevin Lamont Williams, Kristofer James Christakos, Kyle Aldrich, Lance Austin, Lance Hemby, Louis Rocco Abramson, Louis Abramson 2024 GRAT, Lux Griffith, Malcolm C. Moore, Marcus Acosta, Marcus Butler, Mark A Green, Mark Harrison Stansberry, Martin Caillard, Matthew Louis Bellingeri, Matthew Bellingeri 2024 GRAT, Matthew Harrigan Owen, Max Anders Hjelm, Max Hjelm 2024 Friends and Family GRAT, Michael Ambrosia, Michael Scott Chase, Michael Alexander Mattacola, Michael Patrick Riordan, Michael Terlizzi, Michelle O’Rourke, Minji Kim, Monique Bradshaw, Navarre Eugene Pratt, Nicholas Albert Hoover, Nicholas Charles Christopher Janus, Nicholas Joseph McCarthy, Nicholas William Niehoff, Patrick Edward Donohue, Philip Joseph Leonetti, Rahul Talari, Richard L DeFalco, Richard Lopez, Robe Marlui De Leon Basa, Robin Hugh Johnson, Ronald Munroe Howell, Ryan Wayne Walter, Ryan J Zenker, Ryon Miller, Fadumosahra Yusuf, Sandy Li, Sanford Khalil Miller, Sanger Alexander Steel, Sasha Alexandra Krutiy, Scott Alan Miller, Seamus Nayduch, Sean Mowatt-Larssen, Sebastian Mancera, Simon Patrick Watson, Stefanie Michaela Dukovac, Stephen Paul Beckstrand, Stig Patrick Mowrer, Taylor Ashley Milova, Taylor Milova 2024 Grantor Retained Annuity Trust, dated September 19, 2024, Tess Mckenna Sohngen, Thomas Phariss, Thomas Marvin Scott, Tony Roberto Perez, Trevor Jack Donalson, Tyler Aaron Butters, Tyler Kenneth Reid, Tyler Wang, Vaibhav Dileep Bhembre, Vasily Anthony Patov, Ven Reddy, Vincent Richard Marone, Wallace Raphael Pena Carmona, Walton Leon Evans, Yianni Giannaris, Yitzchok Dier, Yitzchok Dier 2024 GRAT, and Zachary Harrison Spar.

  (5)

Includes 386 unnamed non-affiliate persons, each of whom holds less than 1,000 shares of our Class A common stock and equity awards issuable for an amount less than 1% of the securities issuable pursuant to the Company’s 2019 Stock Option Plan, each of whom may sell up to such amount using this prospectus. Each of these persons beneficially owns less than 1% of our Class A common stock.

 

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PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

We are registering the Shares covered by this prospectus to permit the Selling Stockholders to conduct public secondary trading of these Shares from time to time after the date of this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds of the sale of the Shares offered by this prospectus. The aggregate proceeds to the Selling Stockholders from the sale of the Shares will be the purchase price of the Shares less any discounts and commissions. We will not pay any brokers’ or underwriters’ discounts and commissions in connection with the registration and sale of the Shares covered by this prospectus. The Selling Stockholders reserve the right to accept and, together with their respective agents, to reject, any proposed purchases of Shares to be made directly or through agents.

The Shares offered by this prospectus may be sold from time to time to purchasers:

 

   

directly by the Selling Stockholders, or

 

   

through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, who may receive compensation in the form of discounts, commissions or agent’s commissions from the Selling Stockholders or the purchasers of the Shares.

Any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who participate in the sale or distribution of the Shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act. As a result, any discounts, commissions or concessions received by any such broker-dealer or agents who are deemed to be underwriters will be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Underwriters are subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act and may be subject to certain statutory liabilities under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). We will make copies of this prospectus available to the Selling Stockholders for the purpose of satisfying the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangements or understandings between the Selling Stockholders and any underwriter, broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the Shares by the Selling Stockholders.

The Shares may be sold in one or more transactions at:

 

   

fixed prices;

 

   

prevailing market prices at the time of sale;

 

   

prices related to such prevailing market prices;

 

   

varying prices determined at the time of sale; or

 

   

negotiated prices.

These sales may be effected in one or more transactions:

 

   

on any national securities exchange or quotation service on which the Shares may be listed or quoted at the time of sale, including the Nasdaq;

 

   

in the over-the-counter market;

 

   

in transactions otherwise than on such exchanges or services or in the over-the-counter market;

 

   

any other method permitted by applicable law; or

 

   

through any combination of the foregoing.

These transactions may include block transactions or crosses. Crosses are transactions in which the same broker acts as an agent on both sides of the trade.

At the time a particular offering of the Shares is made, a prospectus supplement, if required, will be distributed, which will set forth the name of the Selling Stockholders, the aggregate amount of Shares being offered and the terms of the offering, including, to the extent required, (1) the name or names of any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, (2) any discounts, commissions and other terms constituting compensation from the Selling Stockholders and (3) any discounts, commissions or concessions allowed or reallowed to be paid to broker-dealers.

The Selling Stockholders will act independently of us in making decisions with respect to the timing, manner, and size of each resale or other transfer. There can be no assurance that the Selling Stockholders will sell any or all of the Shares under this prospectus. Further, we cannot assure you that the Selling Stockholders will not transfer, distribute, devise or gift the Shares by other means not described in this prospectus. In addition, any Shares covered by this prospectus that qualify for sale under Rule 144 of the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 rather than under this prospectus. The Shares may be sold in some states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the Shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and complied with.

 

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The Selling Stockholders and any other person participating in the sale of the Shares will be subject to the Exchange Act. The Exchange Act rules include, without limitation, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the Shares by the Selling Stockholders and any other person. In addition, Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the Shares to engage in market-making activities with respect to the particular Shares being distributed. This may affect the marketability of the Shares and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market- making activities with respect to the Shares.

The Selling Stockholders may indemnify any broker or underwriter that participates in transactions involving the sale of the Shares against certain liabilities, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

 

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LEGAL MATTERS

The validity of the Shares of our Class A common stock offered hereby has been passed upon by Fenwick & West LLP, New York, New York.

EXPERTS

The financial statements of CoreWeave, Inc. as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2024, incorporated by reference in this Prospectus, have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report. Such financial statements are included in reliance upon the report of such firm given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

The financial statements of CoreWeave, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2022 incorporated by reference in this prospectus have been audited by RSM US LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report. Such financial statements are included in reliance upon the report of such firm given their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

INFORMATION INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The following documents filed with the SEC are hereby incorporated by reference in this prospectus:

 

  (a)

the Registrant’s Prospectus dated March 27, 2025, filed on March 31, 2025 pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, relating to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-285512), which contains audited financial statements for the Registrant’s latest fiscal year for which such financial statements have been filed; and

  (b)

the description of the Registrant’s Class A common stock contained in the Registrant’s registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-42563) filed with the SEC on March 21, 2025 under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

All reports and documents filed by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (other than Current Reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits furnished on such form that relate to such items) subsequent to the filing of this Registration Statement and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing such documents, except as to specific sections of such documents as set forth therein. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any subsequently filed document which also is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We file annual, quarterly and other reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. Our SEC filings are available to the public over the Internet at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10- Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, including any amendments to those reports, and other information that we file with or furnish to the SEC pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act can also be accessed free of charge by linking directly from our website at https://investors.coreweave.com. These filings will be available as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus.

The Registrant hereby undertakes to provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request of any such person, a copy of any and all of the information that has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus but not delivered with the prospectus other than the exhibits to those documents, unless the exhibits are specifically incorporated by reference into the information that this prospectus incorporates. Requests for documents should be directed to: CoreWeave, Inc., Attention: General Counsel, 290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100, Livingston, NJ 07039.

 

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PART I

INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE SECTION 10(A) PROSPECTUS

Item 1. Plan Information.*

Item 2. Registration Information and Employee Plan Annual Information.*

 

*

Information required by Part I to be contained in the Section 10(a) prospectus is omitted from this Registration Statement in accordance with Rule 428 under the Securities Act and the “Note” to Part I of Form S-8.

 

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PART II

INFORMATION REQUIRED IN THE REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Item 3. Incorporation of Documents by Reference

The following documents filed with the SEC are hereby incorporated by reference in this prospectus:

 

   

the Registrant’s Prospectus dated March 27, 2025, filed on March 31, 2025 pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Securities Act, relating to the Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (File No. 333-285512), which contains audited financial statements for the Registrant’s latest fiscal year for which such financial statements have been filed; and

 

   

the description of the Registrant’s Class A common stock contained in the Registrant’s registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-42563) filed with the SEC on March 21, 2025 under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, including any amendment or report filed for the purpose of updating such description.

All reports and documents filed by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (other than Current Reports furnished under Item 2.02 or Item 7.01 of Form 8-K and exhibits furnished on such form that relate to such items) subsequent to the filing of this Registration Statement and prior to the filing of a post-effective amendment which indicates that all securities offered hereby have been sold or which deregisters all securities then remaining unsold, shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this Registration Statement and to be a part hereof from the date of filing such documents, except as to specific sections of such documents as set forth therein. Any statement contained in a document incorporated or deemed to be incorporated by reference herein shall be deemed to be modified or superseded for purposes of this Registration Statement to the extent that a statement contained herein or in any subsequently filed document which also is deemed to be incorporated by reference herein modifies or supersedes such statement. Any such statement so modified or superseded shall not be deemed, except as so modified or superseded, to constitute a part of this Registration Statement.

Item 4. Description of Securities.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Interests of Named Experts and Counsel.

Not applicable.

Item 6. Indemnification of Directors and Officers.

The Registrant is incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware. Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “DGCL”) authorizes a court to award, or a corporation’s board of directors to grant, indemnity to directors and officers under certain circumstances and subject to certain limitations. The terms of Section 145 of the DGCL are sufficiently broad to permit indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities, including reimbursement of expenses incurred, arising under the Securities Act. As permitted by the DGCL, the Registrant’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation contains provisions that eliminate the personal liability of its directors and officers for monetary damages for any breach of fiduciary duties in their role, except liability for the following:

 

   

any breach of the director’s or officer’s duty of loyalty to the Registrant or its stockholders;

 

   

any act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

 

   

unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions as provided in Section 174 of the DGCL;

 

   

any transaction from which the director or officer derived an improper personal benefit; and

 

   

with respect to officers, any action by or in the right of the corporation.

As permitted by the DGCL, the Registrant’s amended and restated bylaws provide that:

 

   

the Registrant is required to indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, subject to limited exceptions;

 

   

the Registrant may indemnify its other employees and agents as set forth in the DGCL;

 

   

the Registrant is required to advance expenses, as incurred, to its directors and officers in connection with a legal proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, subject to limited exceptions; and

 

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the rights conferred in the Registrant’s restated bylaws are not exclusive.

In addition, the Registrant has or intends to enter into indemnification agreements with each of its current directors and executive officers to provide these directors and executive officers additional contractual assurances regarding the scope of the indemnification set forth in the Registrant’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws and to provide additional procedural protections. There is no pending litigation or proceeding involving a director or executive officer of the Registrant for which indemnification is sought. The indemnification provisions in the Registrant’s amended and restated certificate of incorporation, amended and restated bylaws and the indemnification agreements entered into between the Registrant and each of its directors and executive officers may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of the Registrant’s directors and executive officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

The Registrant currently carries directors’ and officers’ liability insurance for securities matters.

See also the undertakings set out in response to Item 9 hereof.

Item 7. Exemption from Registration Claimed.

The issuance of the Shares being offered by the Form S-8 resale prospectus were deemed to be exempt from registration under the Securities Act in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act (or Regulation D or Regulation S promulgated thereunder), or Rule 701 promulgated under Section 3(b) of the Securities Act as transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering or pursuant to benefit plans and contracts relating to compensation as provided under Rule 701. The recipients of the securities in each of these transactions represented their intentions to acquire the securities for investment only and not with a view to or for sale in connection with any distribution thereof, and appropriate legends were placed upon the stock certificates issued in these transactions. All recipients had adequate access, through their relationships with us, to information about the Registrant.

 

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Item 8. Exhibits

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

          Incorporated by Reference    Filed
Herewith
Exhibit
Number
  

Description

   Schedule
Form
   File No.    Exhibit    Filing Date
  3.1    Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of CoreWeave, Inc.                X
  3.2    Amended and Restated Bylaws of CoreWeave, Inc.                X
  4.1    Form of Class A Common Stock certificate of CoreWeave, Inc.    S-1/A    333-285512    4.1    March 20, 2025   
  5.1    Opinion of Fenwick & West LLP.                X
 23.1    Consent of Fenwick & West LLP (included in Exhibit 5.1).                X
 23.2    Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.                X
 23.3    Consent of RSM US LLP, independent registered public accounting firm.                X
 24.1    Power of Attorney (included on the signature page of this Form S-8).                X
 99.1    CoreWeave, Inc. 2019 Stock Option Plan, as amended, and related form agreements.    S-1/A    333-285512    10.2    March 20, 2025   
107    Filing Fee Table.                X

Item 9. Undertakings.

A. The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this Registration Statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the Registration Statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the Registration Statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in the volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Filing Fee” table in the effective Registration Statement; and

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the Registration Statement or any material change to such information in the Registration Statement;

provided, however, that paragraphs (a)(1)(i) and (a)(1)(ii) of this section do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the Registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement.

(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

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(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

B. The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the Registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

C. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered hereby, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-8 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Livingston, New Jersey, on the 18th day of April, 2025.

 

COREWEAVE, INC.
By:   /s/ Michael Intrator
  Michael Intrator
  Chief Executive Officer and President

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Michael Intrator and Nitin Agrawal, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact, proxies, and agents, each with full power of substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this registration statement (including post-effective amendments), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact, proxies, and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully for all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact, proxies, and agents, or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this registration statement on Form S-8 has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

  

Date

/s/ Michael Intrator

Michael Intrator

  

Director, Chief Executive Officer, and President

(Principal Executive Officer)

   April 18, 2025

/s/ Nitin Agrawal

Nitin Agrawal

  

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

   April 18, 2025

/s/ Jeffrey Baker

Jeffrey Baker

  

Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

   April 18, 2025

/s/ Brian Venturo

Brian Venturo

   Director and Chief Strategy Officer    April 18, 2025

/s/ Karen Boone

Karen Boone

   Director    April 18, 2025

/s/ Jack Cogen

Jack Cogen

   Director    April 18, 2025

/s/ Glenn Hutchins

Glenn Hutchins

   Director    April 18, 2025

/s/ Margaret C. Whitman

Margaret C. Whitman

   Director    April 18, 2025

 

16

Exhibit 3.1

COREWEAVE, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

CoreWeave, Inc., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies as follows:

1. The name of this corporation is “CoreWeave, Inc.” The date of the filing of its original Certificate of Incorporation with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware was September 6, 2018. This corporation was originally incorporated under the name of Atlantic Crypto Corporation.

2. The Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation attached hereto as Exhibit A, which is incorporated herein by this reference, and which restates, integrates and further amends the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation of this corporation, as previously amended and/or supplemented, has been duly adopted by this corporation’s Board of Directors and by the stockholders in accordance with Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, with the approval of this corporation’s stockholders having been given by written consent without a meeting in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this corporation has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by its duly authorized officer and the foregoing facts stated herein are true and correct.

 

Dated: March 31, 2025     COREWEAVE, INC.
    By:  

/s/ Michael Intrator

      Michael Intrator
      President and Chief Executive Officer


EXHIBIT A

COREWEAVE, INC.

AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

ARTICLE I: NAME

The name of the corporation is CoreWeave, Inc. (the “Corporation”).

ARTICLE II: AGENT FOR SERVICE OF PROCESS

The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19801, and the name of the Corporation’s registered agent in the State of Delaware at such address is National Registered Agents, Inc.

ARTICLE III: PURPOSE

The purpose of the Corporation is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (as amended from time to time, the “General Corporation Law”).

ARTICLE IV: AUTHORIZED STOCK

1. Authorized Shares.

1.1. The total number of shares of all classes of capital stock that the Corporation has authority to issue is 3,500,000,000 shares comprised of: (i) 3,400,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.000005 par value per share (“Common Stock”), of which (a) 3,000,000,000 shares shall be a series designated as Class A Common Stock, $0.000005 par value per share (“Class A Common Stock”), (b) 200,000,000 shares shall be a series designated as Class B Common Stock, $0.000005 par value per share (“Class B Common Stock”), and (c) 200,000,000 shares shall be a series designated as Class C Common Stock, $0.000005 par value per share (“Class C Common Stock”), and (ii) 100,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.000005 par value per share (“Preferred Stock”).

1.2. Irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the General Corporation Law, but subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, the number of authorized shares of any class or classes of stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by a vote of the holders of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting as a single class.

1.3. For the avoidance of doubt, the Corporation expressly elects to be governed by Section 242(d) of the General Corporation Law.

2. Preferred Stock.

2.1. The Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) is authorized, subject to any limitations prescribed by the law of the State of Delaware, by resolution or resolutions adopted from time to time, to provide for the issuance of shares of Preferred Stock in one or more series, and, by filing a certificate of designation pursuant to the applicable law of the State of Delaware (“Certificate of Designation”), to establish from time to time the number of shares to be included in each

 

2


such series, to fix the designation, powers (including voting powers), preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights (and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof) of the shares of each such series and, except where otherwise provided in the applicable Certificate of Designation, to increase (but not above the total number of authorized shares of the Preferred Stock) or decrease (but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding) the number of shares of any such series.

2.2 Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, including any Certificate of Designation designating a series of Preferred Stock, this “Certificate of Incorporation”), (i) any new series of Preferred Stock may be designated, fixed and determined as provided herein by the Board of Directors without approval of the holders of Common Stock or the holders of the Preferred Stock, or any series thereof, and (ii) any such new series may have powers, preferences and rights, including, without limitation, voting powers, dividend rights, liquidation rights, redemption rights and conversion rights, senior to, junior to or pari passu with the rights of the Common Stock, any series of the Preferred Stock or any future class or series of the Corporation’s capital stock.

3. Common Stock.

3.1 Equal Status. Except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation or required by applicable law, the holders of each series of Common Stock shall have the same rights and powers, rank equally (including as to dividends and distributions, and upon any liquidation, bankruptcy, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, but excluding voting and other matters as described in Section 3.2 of this Article IV), share ratably and be identical in all respects and as to all matters.

3.2 Voting Rights. Except as otherwise expressly provided by this Certificate of Incorporation or as required by law, the holders of shares of Common Stock shall (a) at all times vote together as a single class and not as separate series or classes on all matters (including the election of directors) submitted to a vote of the stockholders of the Corporation, (b) be entitled to notice of any stockholders’ meeting in accordance with the Corporation’s Bylaws (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Bylaws”) and (c) be entitled to vote upon such matters and in such manner as may be provided by applicable law; provided, however, that, except as otherwise required by law or this Certificate of Incorporation, holders of shares of Common Stock shall not be entitled to vote on any amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one (1) or more outstanding class or series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected class or series are entitled, either separately or together as a class with the holders of one (1) or more other such class or series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designation relating to any series of Preferred Stock). Except as otherwise expressly provided herein or required by applicable law, (x) each holder of Class A Common Stock shall have the right to one (1) vote per share of Class A Common Stock held of record by such holder, (y) each holder of Class B Common Stock shall have the right to ten (10) votes per share of Class B Common Stock held of record by such holder and (z) shares of Class C Common Stock shall have no voting rights, except as otherwise required by law. Unless required by law, there shall be no cumulative voting.

3.3 Dividends. Subject to the preferential or other rights of any holders of Preferred Stock then outstanding, the holders of all series of Common Stock shall be treated equally, identically and ratably, on a per share basis, with respect to any dividends or distributions (other than authorized repurchases of outstanding Common Stock) as may be declared and paid from time to time by the Board of Directors out of any assets of the Corporation legally available therefor, unless a disparate dividend is approved in advance by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of each series of Common Stock, voting as separate series; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event a dividend or distribution (other than authorized repurchases of outstanding Common Stock) is paid in the form of shares of a series of Common Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for (“rights to acquire”) such shares), the holders of a series of Common Stock, as such, shall receive shares of such series of Common Stock (or rights to acquire such shares).

 

3


3.4 Subdivisions or Combinations. Without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of each series of Common Stock, voting as separate series, the Corporation may not subdivide or combine the issued shares of any series of Common Stock unless the issued shares of each other such series shall, concurrently therewith, be subdivided or combined in a manner that maintains the same proportionate equity ownership between the holders of the outstanding series of Common Stock on the record date of such subdivision or combination.

3.5 Reclassifications. Without the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of each series of Common Stock, voting as separate series, the Corporation may not reclassify or otherwise change (other than a subdivision or combination pursuant to which Section 3.4 of this Article IV shall be applicable) (such reclassification or other change, “Reclassify”) the shares of any series of Common Stock unless the shares of each other series of Common Stock are concurrently Reclassified (i) in a manner that maintains the same proportionate equity ownership between the holders of the outstanding series of Common Stock on the record date of such Reclassification and (ii) into the same kind and amount of stock or securities; provided, that, the stock or securities into which each share of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock is Reclassified shall be deemed the same kind and amount into which each share of Class A Common Stock is Reclassified so long as any differences in the kind and amount of stock or securities are intended solely (as determined by the Board of Directors in good faith) to maintain the relative voting power of each share of Class B Common Stock relative to each share of any other series of Common Stock outstanding prior to the Reclassification.

3.6 Liquidation, Dissolution or Winding Up. Subject to the preferential or other rights of any holders of Preferred Stock then outstanding, upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation, whether voluntary or involuntary, the holders of each series of Common Stock will be entitled to receive ratably, on a per share basis, all assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders unless disparate or different treatment of the shares of each such series with respect to distributions upon any such liquidation, dissolution or winding up is approved in advance by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of each series of Common Stock, voting as separate series. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and for the avoidance of doubt, consideration to be paid or received by a holder of Common Stock pursuant to any employment, consulting, severance or similar services arrangement shall not be deemed to be assets of the Corporation available for distribution to its stockholders for the purpose of this Section 3.6.

3.7 Fundamental Change. In addition to any vote required pursuant to applicable law or this Certificate of Incorporation, the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of each series of Common Stock, voting as separate series, shall be required to approve any merger, consolidation, conversion, transfer, domestication or continuance (whether or not the Corporation is the surviving entity, a “Fundamental Change”) unless the holders of each series of Common Stock, as such, will be entitled to receive equal, identical and ratable per share distributions or payments, if any, in connection with such Fundamental Change; provided, however, that, notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a distribution or payment in the form of securities in connection with a Fundamental Change, any or all such series of Common Stock may (but shall not be required to) receive different or disproportionate distributions or payments in the form of securities of the Corporation or another entity if the only difference among the securities distributed or paid to each series of Common Stock shall be the voting rights thereof, which shall be substantially similar to the voting rights of the series of Common Stock in respect of which such securities are distributed or paid; and provided, further, that in the event that the holders of a series of Common Stock are granted rights to elect to receive one of two or more alternative forms of consideration,

 

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the holders of each series of Common Stock shall be deemed to have received equal, identical and ratable per share distributions or payments in connection with such Fundamental Change if holders of each series of Common Stock are granted substantially similar election rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and for the avoidance of doubt, (x) consideration to be distributed or paid to a holder of Common Stock in connection with any such Fundamental Change pursuant to any employment, consulting, severance or similar services arrangement or (y) a negotiated agreement between a holder of Common Stock and any counterparty (or an “affiliate” thereof (used herein as defined pursuant to Rule 405 promulgated under the Securities Act (as defined below), as amended)) to a Fundamental Change wherein such holder is contributing, selling, transferring or otherwise disposing of shares of the Corporation’s capital stock to such counterparty (or an “affiliate” thereof) as part of a “rollover” or similar transaction that is in connection with such Fundamental Change, in each case, shall not be deemed to be consideration distributed or paid to the holder of shares of Common Stock for the purpose of this Section 3.7.

4. Conversion.

4.1 Optional Conversion. Each share of Class B Common Stock shall be convertible into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock at the option of the holder thereof at any time upon written notice to the Corporation. Before any holder of Class B Common Stock shall be entitled to convert any of such holder’s shares of such Class B Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock, such holder shall deliver an instruction, duly signed and authenticated in accordance with any procedures set forth in the Bylaws or any policies of the Corporation then in effect (which will be available upon request therefor made to the Secretary), at the principal corporate office of the Corporation or of any transfer agent for the Class B Common Stock, and shall give written notice to the Corporation at its principal corporate office of such holder’s election to convert the same and shall state therein the name or names in which the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable on conversion thereof are to be registered on the books and records of the Corporation and, if applicable, any event on which such conversion is contingent (a “Class B Contingency Event”). The Corporation shall, as soon as practicable thereafter, register on the Corporation’s books ownership of the number of shares of Class A Common Stock to which such record holder of Class B Common Stock, or to which the nominee or nominees of such record holder, shall be entitled as aforesaid. Such conversion shall be deemed to have occurred immediately prior to the close of business on the date such notice of the election to convert is received by the Corporation (or, if later, the date on which all Class B Contingency Events have occurred) (the “Class B Conversion Time”), and the person or persons entitled to receive the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon such conversion shall be treated for all purposes as the record holder or holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock as of the Class B Conversion Time. The Corporation shall not be required to register a conversion of a share of Class B Common Stock pursuant to this Section 4.1 unless it is permitted to do so by law. All shares of Class B Common Stock that shall have been surrendered for conversion as herein provided shall no longer be deemed to be outstanding and all rights with respect to such shares shall immediately cease and terminate at the applicable Class B Conversion Time, except only the right of the holders thereof to receive shares of Class A Common Stock in exchange therefor. Each share of Class C Common Stock shall be convertible into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock but only upon the written consent of the Corporation and subject to the terms specified by the Corporation in any such written consent.

4.2 Automatic Conversion.

4.2.1 Specific Applicable Holder Class B Automatic Conversion. Each share of Class B Common Stock held by an Applicable Holder and all Permitted Affiliates (as each such term is defined below) of such Applicable Holder shall automatically, without further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof, be converted into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the close of business on the earliest to occur of the following with respect to such

 

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Applicable Holder (the earliest to occur of the events referred to in the following clauses (a)-(d), the “Specific Applicable Holder Conversion”):

(a) the date fixed by the Board of Directors, which date may be no more than sixty-one (61) days following the first day after 11:59 p.m. Pacific Time on the Public Offering Date (as defined below) that the number of Threshold Shares (as defined below) held by such Applicable Holder and his Permitted Affiliates is less than fifty percent (50%) of the number of Threshold Shares at 11:59 p.m. Pacific Time on the Public Offering Date; provided, that, following a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement with respect to a spouse of an Applicable Holder, the Threshold Shares shall be deemed to include Threshold Shares transferred prior to such proceeding, order or legal requirement to such spouse or a Permitted Trust of which such spouse was a trustee;

(b) the date fixed by the Board of Directors following the first time that such Applicable Holder is no longer providing services that occupy substantially all such Applicable Holder’s working time and business efforts to the Corporation as an officer, employee or consultant, as determined by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion (other than as a result of such Applicable Holder’s employment with the Corporation being terminated without Cause) (a “Service Termination”), which date may be no more than sixty-one (61) days following such Service Termination;

(c) the date that such Applicable Holder’s employment with the Corporation is terminated for Cause (as defined below); and

(d) the date fixed by the Board of Directors after the date of the death or Disability (as defined below) of such Applicable Holder, which date may be no more than sixty-one (61) days following such Service Termination.

4.2.2 Class B Automatic Conversion. All shares of Class B Common Stock then outstanding shall automatically, without further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof, be converted into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock immediately prior to the close of business on the earliest to occur of the following (the earliest to occur of the events referred to in the following clauses (a)-(c), together with the Specific Applicable Holder Conversion, the “Class B Automatic Conversion”):

(a) the date fixed by the Board of Directors that is no more than sixty-one (61) days following the seventh (7th) anniversary of the Public Offering Date;

(b) the date specified by the affirmative vote of the holders of Class B Common Stock representing not less than two-thirds (2/3) of the voting power of the outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting separately as a single class; and

(c) the date fixed by the Board of Directors that is no more than sixty-one (61) days following the first time that there is a Service Termination with respect to Michael Intrator.

4.2.3 Class C Automatic Conversion. All shares of Class C Common Stock then outstanding shall automatically, without further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof, be converted into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock following both (a) the earliest to occur of (i) the conversion or other exchange of all then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock into, or for shares of, Class A Common Stock, (ii) the Class B Automatic Conversion (other than a Specific Applicable Holder Conversion) and (iii) the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting separately as a single class and (b) upon the date and time, or occurrence of an event, specified by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the then-outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, voting separately as a single class (the “Class C Automatic Conversion,” and, together with the Class B Automatic Conversion, each an “Automatic Conversion”).

 

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The Corporation shall provide notice of an Automatic Conversion to record holders of all then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock subject to such Class B Automatic Conversion and of Class C Common Stock subject to such Class C Automatic Conversion, as applicable, as soon as practicable following such Automatic Conversion. Such notice shall be provided by any means then permitted by the General Corporation Law; provided, however, that no failure to give such notice nor any defect therein shall affect the validity of an Automatic Conversion. Upon and after an Automatic Conversion, each record holder of then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock subject to such Class B Automatic Conversion and of Class C Common Stock subject to such Class C Automatic Conversion, as applicable, immediately prior to such Class B Automatic Conversion and Class C Automatic Conversion, as applicable, shall be registered on the Corporation’s books as the record holder of the shares of Class A Common Stock issued upon such Automatic Conversion without further action on the part of such record holder. Immediately upon the effectiveness of an Automatic Conversion, as applicable, the rights of the holders of the shares of Class B Common Stock converted pursuant to such Class B Automatic Conversion and of Class C Common Stock converted pursuant to such Class C Automatic Conversion, as applicable, shall cease, and the holders shall be treated for all purposes as having become the record holder or holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock into which such shares of Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, as applicable, were converted.

4.3 Conversion on Transfer. Each share of Class B Common Stock shall automatically, without further action by the Corporation or the holder thereof, be converted into one (1) fully paid and nonassessable share of Class A Common Stock upon the occurrence of a Class B Transfer (as defined below), other than a Permitted Transfer (as defined below), of such share of Class B Common Stock. The person(s) entitled to shares of Class A Common Stock upon a Class B Transfer shall be treated for all purposes as the record holders of such shares of Class A Common Stock as of the date of such Class B Transfer.

4.4 Policies and Procedures. The Corporation may, from time to time, establish such policies and procedures, not in violation of applicable law, this Certificate of Incorporation or the Bylaws, relating to the conversion of shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock into shares of Class A Common Stock as it may deem necessary or advisable. If the Corporation has reason to believe that a Class B Transfer that is not a Permitted Transfer has occurred, the Corporation may request that the purported transferor furnish affidavits or other evidence to the Corporation as it reasonably deems necessary to determine whether a Class B Transfer that is not a Permitted Transfer has occurred, and if such transferor does not, within ten (10) days after the date of such request, furnish sufficient (as reasonably determined by the Board of Directors (but not a committee thereof)) evidence to the Corporation (in the manner provided in the request) to enable the Corporation to determine that such Class B Transfer was a Permitted Transfer, any such shares of Class B Common Stock included in such Class B Transfer, to the extent not previously converted, shall be automatically converted into shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis, and such conversion shall thereupon be registered on the books and records of the Corporation. In connection with any action of stockholders taken at a meeting, the stock ledger of the Corporation shall be presumptive evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders and the classes or series of shares held by each such stockholder and the number of shares of each class or series held by such stockholder.

 

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4.5 Definitions. As used in this Certificate of Incorporation, the following terms shall have the meanings set forth below:

4.5.1 “Applicable Holders” shall mean each of Michael Intrator, Brannin McBee and Brian Venturo.

4.5.2 “Cause” shall mean: (a) such Applicable Holder willfully engages in conduct that is in bad faith and materially injurious to the Corporation, including but not limited to, misappropriation of trade secrets, fraud or embezzlement; (b) such Applicable Holder commits a material breach of any written agreement between such Applicable Holder and the Corporation that causes harm to the Corporation, which breach is not cured within thirty (30) days after receipt of written notice describing in detail such breach to such Applicable Holder from the Board of Directors; (c) such Applicable Holder willfully refuses to implement or follow a directive by the Board of Directors, directly related to a breach of such Applicable Holder’s duties, which breach is not cured within thirty (30) days after receipt of written notice describing in detail such breach to such Applicable Holder from the Board of Directors; (d) such Applicable Holder engages in material misfeasance or malfeasance demonstrated by a continued pattern of material failure to perform the essential job duties associated with such Applicable Holder’s position, which breach is not cured within thirty (30) days after receipt of written notice describing in detail such breach to such Applicable Holder from the Board of Directors; or (e) such Applicable Holder’s conviction of, or plea of guilty or no contest to, a felony that results in, or would reasonably be expected to result in, a material loss, material reputational damage or other material harm to the Corporation, as determined in good faith by the Board of Directors (including a majority of the disinterested members of the Board of Directors).

4.5.3 “Class B Transfer” shall mean any direct or indirect sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, pledge, mortgage, hypothecation, encumbrance or other transfer, disposition or encumbering of a share of Class B Common Stock, or any legal or beneficial interest in such share, whether or not for value and whether voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law, including, without limitation, a transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock to a broker or other nominee (regardless of whether there is a corresponding change in beneficial ownership), or the transfer of, or entering into a binding agreement with respect to, Voting Control over such share by proxy or otherwise; provided, however, that the following shall not be considered a “Class B Transfer”:

(a) the granting of a proxy to one or more officers or directors of the Corporation at the request of the Board of Directors in connection with actions to be taken at an annual or special meeting of stockholders;

(b) entering into a voting trust, agreement or arrangement (with or without granting a proxy) solely with stockholders who are holders of Class B Common Stock that (i) is disclosed either in a Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation, (ii) either has a term not exceeding one year or is terminable by the holder of the shares subject thereto at any time and (iii) does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration to the holder of the shares subject thereto other than the mutual promise to vote shares in a designated manner;

(c) entering into a voting trust, agreement or arrangement (with or without granting a proxy) pursuant to a written agreement to which the Corporation is a party;

(d) the pledge of shares of Class B Common Stock by a stockholder that creates a mere security interest in such shares pursuant to a bona fide loan or indebtedness transaction for so long as such stockholder continues to exercise Voting Control (as defined below) over such pledged shares; provided, however, that a foreclosure on such shares or other similar action by the pledgee (including the exercise of any proxy authority granted to such pledgee pursuant to such pledge) shall constitute a Class B Transfer unless such foreclosure or similar action qualifies as a Permitted Transfer;

 

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(e) the fact that the spouse of any holder of Class B Common Stock possesses or obtains an interest in such holder’s shares of Class B Common Stock arising solely by reason of the application of the community property laws of any jurisdiction, so long as no other event or circumstance shall exist or have occurred that constitutes a Class B Transfer of such shares of Class B Common Stock; provided, that any transfer of shares by any holder of shares of Class B Common Stock to such holder’s spouse, including a transfer in connection with a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement, shall constitute a “Class B Transfer” of such shares of Class B Common Stock unless otherwise exempt from the definition of Class B Transfer;

(f) entering into a trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, with a broker or other nominee; provided, however, that a sale of such shares of Class B Common Stock pursuant to such plan shall constitute a “Class B Transfer” at the time of such sale; or

(g) entering into a support, voting, tender or similar agreement or arrangement (in each case, with or without the grant of a proxy) in connection with a liquidation, bankruptcy, dissolution or winding up of the Corporation (whether voluntary or involuntary), a conversion, merger or consolidation of the Corporation with or into any other entity or any other transaction having an effect on stockholders substantially similar to that resulting from a conversion, merger or consolidation, a sale, lease, exclusive license or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, or a transaction or series of related transactions to which the Corporation is a party in which shares of the Corporation are transferred such that in excess of fifty percent (50%) of the Corporation’s voting power is transferred, or in connection with consummating the actions or transactions contemplated thereby (including, without limitation, tendering or voting shares of Class B Common Stock in connection with such a transaction, the consummation of such a transaction or the sale, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of shares of Class B Common Stock or any legal or beneficial interest in shares of Class B Common Stock in connection with such a transaction), in each case, as approved by the Board of Directors prior to taking such actions; provided, that any sale, tender, assignment, transfer, conveyance, hypothecation or other transfer or disposition of Class B Common Stock or any legal or economic interest therein pursuant to such a transaction, or any entry into a support, voting, tender or similar agreement or arrangement (in each case, with or without the grant of a proxy) over Class B Common Stock with respect to such a transaction without specific instructions as to how to vote such Class B Common Stock, in each case, will constitute a “Class B Transfer” of such Class B Common Stock unless such transaction was approved by the Board of Directors prior to the taking of such action.

A Class B Transfer shall also be deemed to have occurred with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock beneficially held by an entity that is a Permitted Entity, Permitted Foundation or Permitted IRA, if there occurs any act or circumstance that causes such entity to no longer be a Permitted Entity, Permitted Foundation or Permitted IRA.

4.5.4 “Disability” shall mean, with respect to an Applicable Holder, the permanent and total disability of such Applicable Holder such that such Applicable Holder is unable to engage in any substantial gainful activity by reason of any medically determinable physical or mental impairment which can be expected to result in death within 12 months or which has lasted or can be expected to last for a continuous period of not less than 12 months as determined by a licensed medical practitioner jointly selected by any one of the Independent Directors and such Applicable Holder. If such Applicable Holder is incapable of selecting a licensed physician, then such Applicable Holder’s spouse shall make the selection on behalf of such Applicable Holder, or in the absence or incapacity of such Applicable Holder’s spouse, such Applicable Holder’s adult children by majority vote shall make the selection on behalf of such Applicable Holder, or in the absence of adult children of such Applicable Holder or their inability to act by majority vote, a natural person then acting as the successor trustee of a revocable

 

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living trust which was created by such Applicable Holder and which holds more shares of all classes of capital stock of the Corporation than any other revocable living trust created by such Applicable Holder shall make the selection on behalf of such Applicable Holder, or in absence of any such successor trustee, the legal guardian or conservator of the estate of such Applicable Holder shall make the selection on behalf of the Applicable Holder.

4.5.5 “Independent Directors” shall mean the members of the Board of Directors designated as independent directors in accordance with (a) the requirements of any national stock exchange under which the Corporation’s equity securities are listed for trading that are generally applicable to companies with common equity securities listed thereon or (b) if the Corporation’s equity securities are not listed for trading on a national stock exchange, the requirements of the Nasdaq Stock Market generally applicable to companies with equity securities listed thereon.

4.5.6 “Permitted Affiliate” shall mean a Permitted Entity, Permitted Foundation, Permitted IRA or Permitted Transferee.

4.5.7 “Permitted Entity” shall mean with respect to an Applicable Holder: (a) a Permitted Trust; or (b) any general partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, corporation or other entity (i) directly or indirectly owned by or managed by such Applicable Holder, the spouse of such Applicable Holder and/or a Permitted Trust and (ii) for which such Applicable Holder, spouse of such Applicable Holder and/or Permitted Trust has Voting Control.

4.5.8 “Permitted Foundation” shall mean with respect to an Applicable Holder, a trust or private non-operating foundation that is tax-exempt under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), so long as (a) such Applicable Holder has dispositive power and Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such trust or organization and (b) the Class B Transfer to such trust does not involve any payment of cash, securities, property or other consideration (other than an interest in such trust or organization) to such Applicable Holder.

4.5.9 “Permitted IRA” shall mean an Individual Retirement Account, as defined in Section 408(a) of the Code, or a pension, profit sharing, stock bonus or other type of plan or trust of which an Applicable Holder is a participant or beneficiary and which satisfies the requirements for qualification under Section 401 of the Code; provided, that in each case such Applicable Holder has sole dispositive power and exclusive Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held in such account, plan or trust.

4.5.10 “Permitted Transfer” shall mean, and be restricted to, any Class B Transfer of a share of Class B Common Stock:

(a) by an Applicable Holder to (i) the spouse of such Applicable Holder; provided, that such transfer shall cease to be, and shall not be deemed to be, a Permitted Transfer following a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement with respect to such spouse, (ii) any Permitted Entity of such Applicable Holder, (iii) any Permitted Foundation of such Applicable Holder or (iv) any Permitted IRA of such Applicable Holder; or

(b) by a Permitted Entity, Permitted Foundation or Permitted IRA of an Applicable Holder to (i) such Applicable Holder or (ii) any other Permitted Entity, Permitted Foundation or Permitted IRA of such Applicable Holder.

 

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4.5.11 “Permitted Transferee” shall mean a transferee of shares of Class B Common Stock received in a Permitted Transfer.

4.5.12 “Permitted Trust” shall mean a bona fide trust where (a) an Applicable Holder or the spouse of such Applicable Holder is a trustee; or (b) the trustee is a professional in the business of providing trustee services, including private professional fiduciaries, trust companies and bank trust departments, and (i) such Applicable Holder, the spouse of such Applicable Holder or a Permitted Entity either is, or has the right to appoint, direct or replace, the investment advisor or special investment advisor to such trust, (ii) such Applicable Holder, the spouse of such Applicable Holder or a Permitted Entity has the right to substitute the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such trust with other assets, or (iii) such Applicable Holder, the spouse of such Applicable Holder or a Permitted Entity has Voting Control with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held in such Permitted Trust; provided, that a Permitted Trust whose trustee is the spouse of an Applicable Holder shall cease to be, and shall not be deemed to be, a Permitted Trust following a divorce proceeding, domestic relations order or similar legal requirement with respect to such spouse; provided, further, that, in the event that the shares of Class B Common Stock then held by a Permitted Trust are affirmatively voted (but excluding abstentions and broker non-votes of such shares then held by such Permitted Trust) at any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation differently than the affirmative vote of the shares of the Applicable Holder affiliated with such Permitted Trust (but excluding abstentions and broker non-votes of such shares by such Applicable Holder), a Class B Transfer shall be deemed to have occurred with respect to the shares of Class B Common Stock held by such Permitted Trust immediately following such vote.

4.5.13 “Public Offering Date” shall mean the date on which the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-285512) is declared effective.

4.5.14 “Threshold Shares” shall mean, with respect to an Applicable Holder as of a particular time, the sum of (without duplication): (a) any shares of capital stock of the Corporation, including Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, held by such Applicable Holder or his Permitted Affiliates as of such time; and (b) any shares of capital stock of the Corporation, including Class A Common Stock, Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, underlying any rights, options or warrants to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire Common Stock held by such Applicable Holder or his Permitted Affiliates as of such time, whether such securities are vested or unvested, earned or unearned, convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable as of such time or in the future.

4.5.15 “Voting Control” shall mean, with respect to a share of Class B Common Stock, the power (whether exclusive or shared) to vote or direct the voting of such share by proxy, voting agreement or otherwise.

4.6 Status of Converted Stock. In the event any shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock are converted into shares of Class A Common Stock pursuant to this Section 4, the shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock, as applicable, so converted shall be retired and cancelled and may not be reissued.

4.7 Effect of Conversion on Payment of Dividends. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Sections 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3 of this Article IV, if the date on which any share of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock is converted into Class A Common Stock pursuant to the provisions of Sections 4.1, 4.2 or 4.3 of this Article IV occurs after the record date for the determination of the holders of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock entitled to receive any dividend or distribution to be paid on the shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock, as applicable, the holder of such shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock, as applicable, as of such record date will be

 

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entitled to receive such dividend or distribution on such payment date; provided, that, notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation, to the extent that any such dividend or distribution is payable in shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock, such shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock, as applicable, shall automatically be converted to Class A Common Stock, on a one-to-one basis.

4.8 Reservation. The Corporation shall at all times reserve and keep available, out of its authorized and unissued shares of Class A Common Stock, solely for the purpose of effecting conversions of shares of Class B Common Stock or Class C Common Stock into Class A Common Stock, such number of duly authorized shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock. If at any time the number of authorized and unissued shares of Class A Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock and Class C Common Stock, the Corporation shall promptly take such corporate action as may be necessary to increase its authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock to such number of shares as shall be sufficient for such purpose, including, without limitation, obtaining the requisite stockholder approval of any necessary amendment to this Certificate of Incorporation. All shares of Class A Common Stock which are so issuable shall, when issued, be duly and validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable shares. The Corporation shall take all such action as may be necessary to ensure that all such shares of Class A Common Stock may be so issued without violation of any applicable law or regulation.

ARTICLE V: AMENDMENT OF BYLAWS

The Board of Directors shall have the power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws. Any adoption, amendment or repeal of the Bylaws by the Board of Directors shall require the approval of a majority of the total number of authorized directors, whether or not there exist any vacancies in previously authorized directorships (the “Whole Board”). The stockholders shall also have power to adopt, amend or repeal the Bylaws; provided, however, that except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, and in addition to any requirements of law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, shall be required for the stockholders to adopt, amend or repeal any provision of the Bylaws; provided, further, that, in the case of any adoption, amendment or repeal of any provision of the Bylaws that the Board of Directors elects to submit to the stockholders for adoption and which is approved by at least two-thirds (2/3) of the Whole Board, then, except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, only the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class (in addition to any requirements of law), shall be required to adopt, amend or repeal any such provision of the Bylaws.

ARTICLE VI: MATTERS RELATING TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

1. Director Powers. Except as otherwise provided by the General Corporation Law or this Certificate of Incorporation, the Corporation’s business and affairs shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.

2. Number of Directors. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under specified circumstances, the total number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall be fixed from time to time exclusively by resolution of the Board of Directors.

 

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3. Classified Board. Subject to the special rights of the holders of one or more class or series of Preferred Stock to elect directors, the directors shall be divided, with respect to the time for which they severally hold office, into three classes, designated as Class I, Class II and Class III, respectively (the “Classified Board”). The Board of Directors is authorized to assign members of the Board of Directors already in office to such classes of the Classified Board, effective at the time the classification of the Board of Directors becomes effective. The initial term of office of the Class I directors shall expire at the Corporation’s first annual meeting of stockholders following the closing of the Corporation’s initial public offering pursuant to an effective registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), covering the offer and sale of Class A Common Stock to the public (the “Initial Public Offering Closing”), the initial term of office of the Class II directors shall expire at the Corporation’s second annual meeting of stockholders following the Initial Public Offering Closing, and the initial term of office of the Class III directors shall expire at the Corporation’s third annual meeting of stockholders following the Initial Public Offering Closing. At each succeeding annual meeting of stockholders following the Initial Public Offering Closing, directors elected to succeed those directors of the class whose terms then expire shall be elected for a term of office expiring at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders after their election.

4. Term and Removal. Each director shall hold office until such director’s successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal. Any director may resign at any time upon notice to the Corporation given in writing or by any electronic transmission. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock, no director may be removed from the Board of Directors except for cause and only by the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors, voting together as a single class. No decrease in the number of directors constituting the Board of Directors shall shorten the term of any director.

5. Board Vacancies and Newly Created Directorships. Subject to the special rights of the holders of any class or series of Preferred Stock, any vacancy occurring in the Board of Directors for any cause, and any newly created directorship resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors, shall be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, even if less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and shall not be filled by the stockholders. Any director elected in accordance with the preceding sentence shall hold office for the remainder of the term of the class of director in which the vacancy or new directorship was created and shall hold office until such director’s successor shall have been duly elected and qualified, or until such director’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal.

6. Vote by Ballot. Election of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws shall so provide.

ARTICLE VII: LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

1. Limitation of Liability. To the fullest extent permitted by law, no director or officer of the Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or officer, as applicable. Without limiting the effect of the preceding sentence, if the General Corporation Law is hereafter amended to authorize the further elimination or limitation of the liability of a director or officer, then the liability of a director or officer of the Corporation shall be eliminated or limited to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law, as so amended.

2. Change in Rights. Neither any amendment nor repeal of this Article VII, nor the adoption of any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with this Article VII, shall eliminate, reduce or otherwise adversely affect any limitation on the personal liability of a director of the Corporation existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or adoption of such an inconsistent provision.

 

13


ARTICLE VIII: MATTERS RELATING TO STOCKHOLDERS

1. No Action by Written Consent of Stockholders. Subject to the rights of any series of Preferred Stock then outstanding, no action shall be taken by the Corporation’s stockholders except at a duly called annual or special meeting of stockholders and no action shall be taken by the Corporation’s stockholders by written consent in lieu of a meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock represents greater than a majority of the combined voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, may be taken without a meeting if holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission.

2. Special Meeting of Stockholders. Special meetings of the Corporation’s stockholders may be called only by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Corporation’s Chief Executive Officer, the Lead Independent Director (as defined in the Bylaws) or the Board of Directors acting pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the Whole Board and may not be called by the stockholders or any other person or persons.

3. Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominations and Business Transacted at Special Meetings. Advance notice of stockholder nominations for the election of directors of the Corporation and of business to be brought by stockholders before any meeting of the Corporation’s stockholders shall be given in the manner provided in the Bylaws. Business transacted at special meetings of stockholders shall be limited to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting.

ARTICLE IX: INTERPRETATION

1. Ambiguity. In case of an ambiguity in the application of any provision set forth in this Certificate of Incorporation or in the meaning of any term or definition set forth in this Certificate of Incorporation, the Board of Directors or an authorized committee thereof shall have the power to determine, in its sole discretion, the application of any such provision or any such term or definition with respect to any situation based on the facts believed in good faith by it; provided, that, for so long as any shares of Class B Common Stock remain outstanding, only the Board of Directors (and not an authorized committee thereof) shall have the power to make the foregoing determinations with respect to any application of any provision in, or the meaning of any term or definition set forth in, Article IV hereof. A determination of the Board of Directors (or, if applicable and permissible, an authorized committee thereof) in accordance with the preceding sentence shall be conclusive and binding on the stockholders of the Corporation. Such determination shall be evidenced in a writing adopted by the Board of Directors (or, if applicable and permissible, an authorized committee thereof), and such writing shall be made available for inspection by any holder of capital stock of the Corporation at the principal executive offices of the Corporation. For the avoidance of doubt, nothing in this Certificate of Incorporation shall (i) modify the fiduciary duties of directors to the Corporation and its stockholders, (ii) alter the standard of review a court of competent jurisdiction may apply to review any action, interpretation, determination or calculation (or any omission with respect to the foregoing) by the Board of Directors (or an authorized committee thereof) for compliance with the directors’ fiduciary duties to the Corporation and its stockholders or (iii) provide for an elimination or limitation of the personal liability of directors to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director to the extent not permitted by Section 102(b)(7) of the General Corporation Law.

 

14


2. Severability. If any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation shall be held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, then such provision shall nonetheless be enforced to the maximum extent possible consistent with such holding and the remaining provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation (including without limitation, all portions of any section of this Certificate of Incorporation containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, or unenforceable, which is not invalid, illegal, or unenforceable) shall remain in full force and effect.

ARTICLE X: AMENDMENT OF CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

1. General. The Corporation reserves the right to amend or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation in the manner prescribed by the laws of the State of Delaware and all rights conferred upon stockholders are granted subject to this reservation; provided, however, that except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, and in addition to any other vote, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class, shall be required to amend or repeal, or adopt any provision inconsistent with this Certificate of Incorporation (other than Section 1.1 of Article IV); provided, further, that, if two-thirds (2/3) of the Whole Board has approved such amendment or repeal of, or adoption of any provision inconsistent with, the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation, except as otherwise provided in this Certificate of Incorporation, then only the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of the Corporation’s capital stock entitled to vote thereon, voting together as a single class (in addition to any other vote required by law), shall be required to approve such amendment or repeal of, or adoption of any provision inconsistent with, the provisions of this Certificate of Incorporation. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, prior to an Automatic Conversion, and in addition to any other vote required pursuant to this Article X, the Corporation shall not, without the prior affirmative vote of the holders of at least two-thirds (2/3) of the then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting separately as a single class:

1.1. directly or indirectly, whether by amendment, or through merger, recapitalization, reclassification, conversion, consolidation or otherwise, amend or repeal, or adopt any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation inconsistent with, or otherwise alter, any provision of this Certificate of Incorporation relating to the voting, conversion or other rights, powers, preferences, privileges or restrictions of the Class B Common Stock;

1.2. reclassify any outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock or Class C Common Stock into shares having rights as to dividends or liquidation that are senior to the Class B Common Stock or the right to have more than one (1) vote for each share thereof; or

1.3. authorize, or issue any shares of, any class or series of capital stock of the Corporation (other than Class B Common Stock) having the right to more than one (1) vote for each share thereof.

2. Changes to or Inconsistent with Section 3 of Article IV. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designation) or any provision of law that might otherwise permit a lesser vote or no vote, but in addition to any vote of the holders of any class or series of the stock of the Corporation required by law or by this Certificate of Incorporation (including any Certificate of Designation), the affirmative vote of the holders of Class A Common Stock representing at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, voting separately as a single class, and the affirmative vote of the holders of Class B Common Stock representing at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the voting power of all of the then-outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, voting separately as a single class, shall be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with, Section 3 of Article IV or this Section 2 of Article X.

* * * * * * * * * * *

 

15

Exhibit 3.2

 

 

 

COREWEAVE, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

As Amended and Restated on March 31, 2025

 

 

 

 


COREWEAVE, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

             Page  
Article I: Meetings of STOCKHOLDERS      1  
 

Section 1.1:

 

Annual Meetings

     1  
 

Section 1.2:

 

Special Meetings

     1  
 

Section 1.3:

 

Notice of Stockholders’ Meetings

     1  
 

Section 1.4:

 

Adjournments

     1  
 

Section 1.5:

 

Quorum

     2  
 

Section 1.6:

 

Organization

     2  
 

Section 1.7:

 

Voting; Proxies

     2  
 

Section 1.8:

 

Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record

     3  
 

Section 1.9:

 

List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote

     3  
 

Section 1.10:

 

Inspectors of Elections

     4  
 

Section 1.11:

 

Conduct of Meetings

     4  
 

Section 1.12:

 

Advance Notice Procedures

     5  
Article II: BOARD OF DIRECTORS      14  
 

Section 2.1:

 

Number; Qualifications

     14  
 

Section 2.2:

 

Election; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies

     14  
 

Section 2.3:

 

Regular Meetings

     14  
 

Section 2.4:

 

Special Meetings

     14  
 

Section 2.5:

 

Remote Meetings Permitted

     15  
 

Section 2.6:

 

Quorum; Vote Required for Action

     15  
 

Section 2.7:

 

Organization

     15  
 

Section 2.8:

 

Unanimous Action by Directors in Lieu of a Meeting

     15  
 

Section 2.9:

 

Powers

     15  
 

Section 2.10:

 

Compensation of Directors

     15  
 

Section 2.11:

 

Confidentiality

     15  
 

Section 2.12

 

Emergency Bylaws

     16  
Article III: COMMITTEES      16  
 

Section 3.1:

 

Committees

     16  
 

Section 3.2:

 

Committee Rules

     16  
Article IV: OFFICERS; CHAIRPERSON; LEAD INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR      17  
 

Section 4.1:

 

Generally

     17  
 

Section 4.2:

 

Chief Executive Officer

     17  
 

Section 4.3:

 

Chairperson of the Board of Directors

     17  
 

Section 4.4:

 

Lead Independent Director

     17  
 

Section 4.5:

 

President

     18  
 

Section 4.6:

 

Chief Financial Officer

     18  
 

Section 4.7:

 

Treasurer

     18  
 

Section 4.8:

 

Vice President

     18  
 

Section 4.9:

 

Secretary

     18  
 

Section 4.10:

 

Delegation of Authority

     18  
 

Section 4.11:

 

Removal

     18  

 

i


Article V: STOCK      19  
 

Section 5.1:

 

Certificates; Uncertificated Shares

     19  
 

Section 5.2:

 

Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates or Uncertificated Shares

     19  
 

Section 5.3:

 

Other Regulations

     19  
Article VI: INDEMNIFICATION      19  
 

Section 6.1:

 

Indemnification of Officers and Directors

     19  
 

Section 6.2:

 

Advancement of Expenses

     20  
 

Section 6.3:

 

Non-Exclusivity of Rights

     20  
 

Section 6.4:

 

Indemnification of Others and Additional Rights

     20  
 

Section 6.5:

 

Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit

     21  
 

Section 6.6:

 

Nature of Rights

     21  
 

Section 6.7:

 

Amendment or Repeal

     21  
 

Section 6.8:

 

Insurance

     21  
 

Section 6.9:

 

Indemnification for Successful Defense

     21  
Article VII: NOTICES      22  
 

Section 7.1:

 

Notice

     22  
 

Section 7.2:

 

Waiver of Notice

     22  
Article VIII: INTERESTED DIRECTORS      22  
 

Section 8.1:

 

Interested Directors

     22  
 

Section 8.2:

 

Quorum

     23  
Article IX: MISCELLANEOUS      23  
 

Section 9.1:

 

Fiscal Year

     23  
 

Section 9.2:

 

Seal

     23  
 

Section 9.3:

 

Form of Records

     23  
 

Section 9.4:

 

Reliance Upon Books and Records

     23  
 

Section 9.5:

 

Certificate of Incorporation Governs

     23  
 

Section 9.6:

 

Severability

     23  
 

Section 9.7:

 

Time Periods

     24  
Article X: AMENDMENT      24  
Article XI: CHOICE OF FORUM; EXCLUSIVE FORUM      24  

 

ii


COREWEAVE, INC.

(a Delaware corporation)

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

As Adopted March 31, 2025 and

As Effective March 31, 2025

ARTICLE I: MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.1: Annual Meetings. If required by applicable law, an annual meeting of stockholders shall be held for the election of directors and such other proper business at such date and time as the Board of Directors (the “Board of Directors”) of CoreWeave, Inc. (the “Corporation”), or its designee, shall each year fix. The meeting may be held either at a place, within or without the State of Delaware as permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “General Corporation Law”) as the Board of Directors, or its designee, shall fix, or solely by means of remote communication as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may determine. Any proper business may be transacted at the annual meeting.

Section 1.2: Special Meetings. Special meetings of stockholders for any purpose or purposes shall be called in the manner set forth in the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation (as the same may be amended and/or restated from time to time, the “Certificate of Incorporation”). The special meeting may be held either at a place, within or without the State of Delaware as the Board of Directors, or its designee, shall fix, or solely by means of remote communication as the Board of Directors in its sole discretion may determine. Business transacted at any special meeting of stockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of the meeting.

Section 1.3: Notice of Stockholders Meetings. Notice of all meetings of stockholders shall be given in accordance with applicable law (including, without limitation, as set forth in Section 7.1 hereof) stating the date, time and place, if any, of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (if such date is different from the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting). In the case of a special meeting, such notice shall also set forth the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Unless otherwise required by applicable law or the Certificate of Incorporation, notice of any meeting of stockholders shall be given not less than ten (10), nor more than sixty (60), days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting as of the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting.

Section 1.4: Adjournments. Notwithstanding Section 1.5 hereof, the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power to adjourn the meeting to another time, date and place (if any), regardless of whether a quorum is present, at any time and for any reason. Any meeting of stockholders, annual or special, may be adjourned from time to time (including an adjournment taken to address a technical failure to convene or continue a meeting using remote communication), and notice need not be given of any such adjourned meeting if the time, date and place (if any) thereof and the means of remote communication (if any) by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are (i) announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, (ii) displayed, during the time scheduled for the meeting, on the same electronic network used to enable stockholders and proxy


holders to participate in the meeting by means of remote communication or (iii) set forth in the notice of meeting given in accordance with Section 222(a) of the General Corporation Law; provided, however, that if the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting. If, after the adjournment, a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote is fixed for the adjourned meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date for notice of such adjourned meeting in accordance with Section 213(a) of the General Corporation Law and Section 1.3 hereof, and shall give notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholder of record as of the record date so fixed for notice of such adjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business that might have been transacted at the original meeting. If a quorum is present at the original meeting, it shall also be deemed present at the adjourned meeting. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the Board of Directors may postpone, reschedule or cancel at any time and for any reason any previously scheduled special or annual meeting of stockholders before it is to be held, regardless of whether any notice or public disclosure with respect to any such meeting has been sent or made pursuant to Section 1.3 hereof or otherwise, in which case notice shall be provided to the stockholders of the new date, time and place, if any, of the meeting as provided in Section 1.3 above.

Section 1.5: Quorum. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange on which the Corporation’s securities are listed, at each meeting of stockholders the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business; provided, however, that where a separate vote by a class or classes or series of stock is required by applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the rules of any applicable stock exchange on which the Corporation’s securities are listed, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of such class or classes or series of the stock issued and outstanding and entitled to vote on such matter, present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting, shall constitute a quorum entitled to take action with respect to the vote on such matter. If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, the chairperson of the meeting or the stockholders, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively with respect thereto, may adjourn the meeting. A quorum, once established at a meeting, shall not be broken by the withdrawal of enough votes to leave less than a quorum.

Section 1.6: Organization. Meetings of stockholders shall be presided over by (a) such person as the Board of Directors may designate, or (b) in the absence of such designation, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or (c) in the absence of such person, the Lead Independent Director (as defined below), or (d) in the absence of such person, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, or (e) in the absence of such person, the President of the Corporation, or (f) in the absence of such person, by a Vice President of the Corporation. Such person shall be the chairperson of the meeting. The Secretary of the Corporation (the “Secretary”) shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in such person’s absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 1.7: Voting; Proxies. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders may authorize another person or persons to act for such stockholder by proxy. Such a proxy may be prepared, transmitted and delivered in any manner permitted by applicable law. Except as may be required in the Certificate of Incorporation, directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of the shares present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors. At all meetings of stockholders at which a quorum is present, unless a different or minimum vote is provided by applicable law, rule or regulation applicable to the Corporation or its securities, the rules or regulations of any applicable stock exchange on which the Corporation’s securities are listed, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, in which case such different or minimum vote shall be the applicable vote on the matter, every matter other than the election of directors shall be decided by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes cast affirmatively or negatively with respect thereto (or if there are two or more classes or series of stock entitled to vote as separate classes, then in the case of each class or series, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares of stock of that class or series present in person or represented by proxy at the meeting voting for or against such matter).

 

2


Any stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other stockholders must use a proxy card color other than white, which shall be reserved for exclusive use by the Board of Directors.

Section 1.8: Fixing Date for Determination of Stockholders of Record. In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall, unless otherwise required by applicable law, not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If the Board of Directors so fixes a date, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote in accordance herewith at the adjourned meeting.

In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a record date, which shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors and which shall not be more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no such record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, then the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 1.9: List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote. The Corporation shall prepare, no later than the tenth (10th) day before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting (provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than ten (10) days before the date of the meeting, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth (10th) day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Nothing in this Section 1.9 shall require the Corporation to include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of ten (10) days ending on the day before the meeting date, either (a) on a reasonably accessible electronic network as permitted by applicable law (provided that the information required to gain access to the list is provided with the notice of the meeting), or (b) during ordinary business hours, at the principal place of business of the Corporation. In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, the stock ledger shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the list of stockholders required by this Section 1.9 or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.

 

3


Section 1.10: Inspectors of Elections.

1.10.1 Applicability. Unless otherwise required by the Certificate of Incorporation or by applicable law, the following provisions of this Section 1.10 shall apply only if and when the Corporation has a class of voting stock that is: (a) listed on a national securities exchange, (b) authorized for quotation on an interdealer quotation system of a registered national securities association, or (c) held of record by more than two thousand (2,000) stockholders. In all other cases, observance of the provisions of this Section 1.10 shall be optional, and at the discretion of the Board of Directors.

1.10.2 Appointment. The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors of election to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairperson of the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting.

1.10.3 Duties of Inspectors. Inspectors of election shall take all actions as contemplated under Section 231 of the General Corporation Law. The inspectors of election shall perform their duties with strict impartiality and according to the best of their ability.

Section 1.11: Conduct of Meetings. The Board of Directors may adopt by resolution such rules and regulations for the conduct of the meeting of stockholders as it shall deem appropriate. Except to the extent inconsistent with such rules and regulations as adopted by the Board of Directors, the chairperson of a meeting of stockholders shall have the right and authority to convene and (for any or no reason) to recess and/or adjourn the meeting, to prescribe such rules, regulations and procedures and to do all such acts as, in the judgment of such chairperson, are appropriate for the proper conduct of the meeting. Such rules, regulations or procedures, whether adopted by the Board of Directors or prescribed by the chairperson of the meeting, may include, without limitation, the following: (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting, (b) rules and procedures for maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present, (c) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting to stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the chairperson of the meeting or the Board of Directors shall determine, (d) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for the commencement thereof, (e) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants, (f) restrictions on the use of audio/video recording devices and cell phones, (g) procedures for complying with any state and local laws and regulations concerning safety and security, (h) procedures (if any) requiring attendees to provide the Corporation advance notice of their intent to attend the meeting, and (i) any additional attendance or other procedures or requirements for proponents submitting a proposal pursuant to Rule 14a-8 promulgated under the Exchange Act (as defined below). The Board of Directors, or, at a meeting of stockholders (but subject to any rules and regulation adopted by, and the supervision of, the Board of Directors), the chairperson of the meeting shall, in addition to making any other determinations that may be appropriate to the conduct of the meeting, shall have the power to determine that a proposed director nomination or business matter was not properly brought before the meeting and to disregard any such nomination or business matter not properly brought before the meeting, notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect thereof may have been received by the Corporation, which shall be disregarded. Unless and to the extent determined by the Board of Directors or the chairperson of the meeting, meetings of stockholders shall not be required to be held in accordance with the rules of parliamentary procedure.

 

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Section 1.12: Advance Notice Procedures.

1.12.1 Annual Meeting of Stockholders.

(a) Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors and the proposal of other business to be considered by the stockholders may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only: (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting (or any supplement thereto), (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who was a stockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice required by this Section 1.12.1 and at the time of such meeting, who is entitled to vote at such meeting and who complies with the requirements and procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 in all applicable respects (the “Record Stockholder”), or (iv) as may be provided in the certificate of designations for any series of the Corporation’s Preferred Stock. For the avoidance of doubt, the foregoing clause (iii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or propose business (other than business included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (such act, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder and any successors thereto, the “Exchange Act”)).

For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a Record Stockholder (or a Qualified Representative (as defined below) thereof) pursuant to this Section 1.12.1(a):

(i) the Record Stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary and provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 1.12.1;

(ii) such business (other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors) must otherwise be a proper matter for stockholder action under Delaware law;

(iii) each Proposing Person (as defined below) shall have complied with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act (including, without limitation, the applicable requirements of Rule 14a-19) and any Securities and Exchange Commission Staff (“SEC”) interpretations relating thereto;

(iv) in the case of a proposal other than the nomination of persons for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, (A) if a Proposing Person (as defined below) has provided the Corporation with a Solicitation Notice (as defined below), such Proposing Person (or the group of which such Proposing Person is a part) must have delivered, or made available, a proxy statement and form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the voting power of the Corporation’s shares required under applicable law to carry any such proposal and must have included in such materials the Solicitation Notice, or (B) if no Solicitation Notice relating thereto has been timely provided pursuant to this Section 1.12, a Proposing Person (or a group of which a Proposing Person is a part) must not have solicited a number of proxies sufficient to have required the delivery of such a Solicitation Notice under this Section 1.12; and

(v) in the case of a proposal for the nomination of persons for election or reelection to the Board of Directors, if the Proposing Person (or a group of which such Proposing Person is a part) provided notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, such Proposing Person must have delivered to the Secretary, no later than five (5) business days prior to the annual meeting or any adjournment, rescheduling, postponement or other delay thereof, reasonable evidence sufficient to demonstrate that the requirements of Rule 14a-19 have been satisfied.

 

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(b) To be timely, a Record Stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the ninetieth (90th) day nor earlier than the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty (30) days before or more than sixty (60) days after such anniversary date, or if no annual meeting was held in the preceding year, notice by the Record Stockholder to be timely must be so delivered (A) no earlier than the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to such annual meeting and (B) no later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which Public Announcement (as defined below) of the date of such meeting is first made by the Corporation. In no event shall an adjournment, postponement, or rescheduling (or the Public Announcement thereof) of an annual meeting for which notice has been given or a Public Announcement of the meeting date has been made commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for providing the Record Stockholder’s notice. For purposes of this Section 1.12.1, the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders shall be deemed to have been held on June 1, 2025. Notwithstanding anything in this Section 1.12.1 to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting is increased and there is no Public Announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board of Directors made by the Corporation at least ten (10) days prior to the last day a stockholder may deliver a notice in accordance with the first sentence of this paragraph, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1.12.1 shall also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which such Public Announcement is first made by the Corporation.

(c) As to each person whom the Record Stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (e) below, such Record Stockholder’s notice shall set forth:

(i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such proposed nominee;

(ii) the principal occupation or employment of such proposed nominee;

(iii) the class, series and number of any shares of stock of the Corporation that are beneficially owned or owned of record by such proposed nominee, or his or her respective affiliates and associates;

(iv) the date or dates such shares were acquired and the investment intent of such acquisition, as well as evidence of such date(s);

(v) all other information relating to such proposed nominee that would be required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest (even if an election contest is not involved), or would be otherwise required, in each case pursuant to and in accordance with Section 14(a) (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act;

(vi) whether such proposed nominee would qualify as an independent director under the requirements of the stock exchange upon which the Corporation’s Class A Common Stock is primarily traded and the Policies (as defined below);

(vii) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary agreements, arrangements and understandings during the past three (3) years, and any other material relationships, between or among any Proposing Person, on the one hand, and such proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, on the other hand, including, without limitation, all information that would be required to be disclosed pursuant to the U.S. federal securities laws or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including Item 404 promulgated under Regulation S-K) if any Proposing Person were the “registrant” for purposes thereof and the proposed nominee were a director or executive officer of such registrant;

 

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(viii) the date or dates of first contact between any Proposing Person and such proposed nominee with respect to (A) the Corporation or (B) any proposed nomination of any person or persons for election or reelection to the Board of Directors;

(ix) a description of any position of such proposed nominee as an officer or director of, or any material relationship with, any Competitor (as defined below) within the past three (3) years;

(x) a description of any business or personal interests that could place such proposed nominee in a potential conflict of interest with the Corporation or any of its affiliates and how the proposed nominee, if elected, intends to mitigate or reconcile any such potential conflict of interest; and

(xi) all completed and signed questionnaires, representations and agreements required by Section 1.12.2 below.

The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as it may reasonably require to determine whether such proposed nominee would qualify as an independent director of the Corporation under the Exchange Act, applicable stock exchange rules and the Policies.

(d) As to any business, other than the nomination of a person for election or reelection as a director, that the Record Stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting, in addition to the matters set forth in paragraph (e) below, such Record Stockholder’s notice shall set forth:

(i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting;

(ii) the text of the proposal or business (including the text of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the Bylaws, the text of the proposed amendment);

(iii) the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting; and

(iv) any material interest in such business of any Proposing Person, including any anticipated benefit to any Proposing Person therefrom.

(e) As to each Proposing Person, the Record Stockholder’s notice shall set forth:

(i) the current name and address of such Proposing Person, including, if applicable, their name and address as they appear on the Corporation’s stock ledger;

(ii) (1) the class or series and number of shares of stock of the Corporation that are directly or indirectly owned of record or beneficially owned by such Proposing Person, including any shares of any class or series of the Corporation as to which such Proposing Person has a right to acquire beneficial ownership at any time in the future, and (2) a certification regarding whether such Proposing Person has complied with all applicable federal, state and other legal requirements in connection with such Proposing Person’s acquisition of shares of capital stock or other securities of the Corporation, if any, and/or such Proposing Person’s acts or omissions as a stockholder or beneficial owner of the Corporation;

 

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(iii) a description of any of the following that are held directly or indirectly by, on behalf of or for the benefit of such Proposing Person: (x) any Derivative Instrument (as defined below), (y) any rights to dividends on the shares of any class or series of shares of the Corporation that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation; or (z) any Short Interest (as defined below), including, in each case, the date thereof, the class, series and number of securities involved therein, the material economic or voting terms thereof, and the identities of all persons party thereto;

(iv) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership or limited liability company of which such Proposing Person is, directly or indirectly, a general partner, manager or managing member or, directly or indirectly, controls a general partner, manager or managing member of such a general or limited partnership or limited liability company;

(v) any direct or indirect material interest of such Proposing Person in any material contract or agreement with the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any Competitor (including, in any such case, any employment agreement, collective bargaining agreement or consulting agreement);

(vi) a description of any of the following that are held directly or indirectly by, on behalf of or for the benefit of such Proposing Person: (x) any significant equity interests in any Competitor or (y) any Derivative Instruments or Short Interests in any Competitor (including, the case of any Derivative Instrument or Short Interest, the date such instrument or interest was acquired, the class, series and number of securities involved therein, the material economic or voting terms thereof, and the identities of all persons party thereto);

(vii) any other material relationship between such Proposing Person, on the one hand, and the Corporation, any affiliate of the Corporation or any Competitor, on the other hand;

(viii) all information that would be required to be set forth in a Schedule 13D filed pursuant to Rule 13d-1(a) or an amendment pursuant to Rule 13d-2(a) pertaining to the Corporation and its securities, if such a statement were required to be filed under the Exchange Act by such Proposing Person, regardless of whether the requirement to file a Schedule 13D is applicable;

(ix) any other information relating to such Proposing Person that would be required to be disclosed in proxy materials or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies or consents by such Proposing Person in support of the business or nomination proposed to be brought before the meeting pursuant to Section 14(a) (or any successor provision) under the Exchange Act;

(x) to the extent known by a Proposing Person, the names and addresses of any stockholder or beneficial owner that has provided or will provide financial support or material assistance in support of the nomination or business and a description of the nature of such support or assistance;

(xi) a description of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including the identities of all the parties thereto) between or among such Proposing Person on the one hand and any other person or persons, on the other hand, with respect to, relating to, or in connection with the nomination or business;

 

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(xii) a representation that the Record Stockholder is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and that such Record Stockholder (or a Qualified Representative thereof) will appear at the meeting to propose such business or nomination;

(xiii) a representation whether such Proposing Person intends (or is part of a group that intends) to (x) in the case of a proposal other than the nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors, deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the Corporation’s voting shares required under applicable law to approve the proposal (an affirmative statement of such intent being a “Solicitation Notice”) and, if so, the name of each participant (as defined in Item 4 of Exchange Act Schedule 14A) in such solicitation, (y) in the case of a nomination or nominations, solicit the holders of shares representing at least 67% of the voting power of the shares entitled to vote on the election of directors in support of director nominees other than the Corporation’s nominees in accordance with Rule 14a-19, and the name of each participant (as defined in Item 4 of Exchange Act Schedule 14A) in such solicitation, and/or (z) otherwise solicit proxies from stockholders in support of such proposal or nomination;

(xiv) a description of any pending or, to such Proposing Person’s knowledge, threatened legal proceeding in which such Proposing Person is a party or participant involving the Corporation or, to such Proposing Person’s knowledge, any current or former officer, director, affiliate or associate of the Corporation; and

(xv) a description of any proxy (other than a revocable proxy given in response to a proxy solicitation made to more than ten (10) persons), contract, arrangement, or relationship pursuant to which the Proposing Person has a right to vote, directly or indirectly, any shares or other securities of the Corporation.

The disclosures to be made pursuant to the foregoing clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and (vi) shall not include any information with respect to the ordinary course business activities of any broker, dealer, commercial bank, trust company or other nominee who is a Proposing Person solely as a result of being the stockholder directed to prepare and submit the notice required by these Bylaws on behalf of a beneficial owner.

(f) A stockholder providing written notice required by this Section 1.12.1 or Section 1.12.3, as applicable, shall update and supplement such notice, and any other information provided to the Corporation, in writing, so that the information provided or required to be provided in such notice is true and correct in all material respects as of (i) the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting and (ii) 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the tenth (10th) business day prior to the meeting or any adjournment, postponement or rescheduling thereof. In the case of an update pursuant to clause (i) of the foregoing sentence, such update shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than five (5) business days after the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, and in the case of an update pursuant to clause (ii) of the foregoing sentence, such update shall be received by the Secretary at the principal executive office of the Corporation not later than eight (8) business days prior to the date for the meeting and, if practicable, any adjournment, postponement or rescheduling thereof (and, if not practicable, on the first practicable date prior to the date to which the meeting has been adjourned, postponed or rescheduled). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Proposing Person (x) no longer plans to solicit proxies in accordance with its representation(s) pursuant to Section 1.12.1(e)(xiii) or (y) becomes aware of any inaccuracy or change in information submitted to the Corporation, then the stockholder providing the written notice shall inform the Corporation thereof and update such notice by delivering a writing to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation no later than two (2) business days after the occurrence of such change or after such time the Proposing Person became so aware, as applicable. For the avoidance of doubt, the obligation to update as set forth in this paragraph shall not limit the Corporation’s rights with respect to any deficiencies in any

 

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notice provided by a stockholder, extend any applicable deadlines hereunder or enable or be deemed to permit a stockholder who has previously submitted notice hereunder to amend or update any proposal or nomination or to submit any new proposal, including by changing or adding nominees, matters, business and/or resolutions proposed to be brought before a meeting of the stockholders. If a stockholder providing written notice fails to provide any written update in accordance with this Section 1.12, the information as to which such written update relates shall be deemed not to have been provided in accordance with these Bylaws.

(g) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 1.12 or any other provision hereof to the contrary, any person who a majority of the Whole Board (as defined below) has determined, in good faith, to have violated Section 2.11 or a Board Confidentiality Policy (as defined below) while serving as a director of the Corporation in the preceding five (5) years shall be ineligible to be nominated for election or reelection as a member of the Board of Directors, absent a prior waiver for such nomination approved by two-thirds of the Whole Board.

1.12.2 Submission of Questionnaire, Representation and Agreement. To be eligible to be a nominee of any stockholder for election or reelection as a director of the Corporation, the person proposed to be nominated must complete, sign and deliver (in accordance with the time periods prescribed for delivery of notice under this Section 1.12) to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation a questionnaires in substantially the same form as the Corporation requests of the Board of Directors’ nominees for director (which form shall be provided within ten (10) days following a request therefor by a stockholder) and a signed representation and agreement (in the form available from the Secretary upon written request):

(a) that such person is not and will not become a party to any Voting Commitment (as defined below) that (i) has not been disclosed to the Corporation or (ii) could limit or interfere with such person’s ability to comply, if elected as a director of the Corporation, with such person’s fiduciary duties under applicable law;

(b) that such person is not and will not become a party to any Compensation Arrangement (as defined below) that has not been disclosed to the Corporation;

(c) that such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, will comply with all informational and similar requirements of applicable insurance policies and laws and regulations in connection with service or action as a director of the Corporation;

(d) a statement as to whether such person, if elected as a director of the Corporation, intends to comply with the Policies;

(e) that such person acknowledges and agrees that, if elected as a director of the Corporation, he or she must and will act in the best interests of the Corporation and its stockholders generally and not in the interests of any individual constituencies;

(f) that such person consents to being named as a nominee in any proxy materials relating to the Corporation’s meeting at which the nominee’s election as a director will be considered/voted upon, agrees to serve if elected as a director, and intends to serve as a director for the full term for which such individual is to stand for election;

(g) that such person’s candidacy or, if elected, Board of Directors membership, would not violate applicable state or federal law, the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, or the rules of any stock exchange on which shares of the Corporation’s Class A Common Stock are traded; and

 

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(h) that such person, if elected as a director, acknowledges and agrees that he or she must and will provide facts, statements, and other information in all communications with the Corporation and its stockholders that are or will be true and correct in all material respects, and that do not and will not omit to state a material fact necessary in order to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading.

1.12.3 Special Meetings of Stockholders.

(a) Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of such meeting (i) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof or (ii) by any stockholder of the Corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time of giving of notice of the special meeting, who shall be entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice and other procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 in all applicable respects. In the event the Corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the Board of Directors, for nominations to be properly brought before such meeting by a stockholder (or a Qualified Representative thereof) pursuant to Section 1.12.3(a)(ii) below:

(i) the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation setting forth such information, representations, certifications and agreements required by Sections 1.12.1 and 1.12.2 hereof and provide any updates or supplements to such notice at the times and in the forms required by this Section 1.12, in each case, with respect to stockholder nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors at an annual meeting of stockholders;

(ii) each Proposing Person shall have complied with the applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder (including, without limitation, the applicable requirements of Rule 14a-19), as such rules and regulations may be amended from time to time by the SEC, including any SEC Staff interpretations relating thereto; and

(iii) if the Proposing Person (or a group of which such Proposing Person is a part) provided notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act, such Proposing Person must have delivered to the Secretary, no later than five (5) business days prior to the special meeting or any adjournment, rescheduling or postponement or other delay thereof, reasonable evidence sufficient to demonstrate that the requirements of Rule 14a-19 have been satisfied.

(b) To be timely, a stockholder’s notice required by this Section 1.12.3 shall be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (i) no earlier than the one hundred and twentieth (120th) day prior to such special meeting and (ii) no later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the later of the ninetieth (90th) day prior to such special meeting or the tenth (10th) day following the day on which Public Announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board of Directors to be elected at such meeting. In no event shall an adjournment, postponement or rescheduling (or the Public Announcement thereof) of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for providing such notice.

 

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1.12.4 General.

(a) Except as otherwise expressly provided in any applicable rule or regulation promulgated under the Exchange Act, only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 shall be eligible to be elected or reelected as directors at a meeting of stockholders and only such business shall be conducted at an annual meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.12. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law or these Bylaws, the Board of Directors or, at a meeting of stockholders (but subject to any rules and regulation adopted by, and the supervision of, the Board of Directors), the chairperson of the meeting shall have the power to determine whether a nomination or any other business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the applicable requirements and procedures set forth in this Section 1.12 (including the stockholder and nominee, as applicable, acting in a manner consistent with any representation required hereby, satisfying the information requirements set forth herein with accurate and complete information and complying with all applicable laws, rules and regulations referred to herein) and, if any proposed nomination or business is not in compliance herewith, to declare that such defective proposal or nomination shall be disregarded (and any such nominee shall be disqualified from standing for election or re-election), notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such business or nominations may have been received by the Corporation. If a stockholder provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act and subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(2) and Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act, including the provision to the Corporation of notices required thereunder in a timely manner, then any such nominee shall be disqualified and the Corporation shall disregard any proxies or votes solicited for such stockholder’s director nominees. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, unless otherwise required by applicable law, if the stockholder (or a Qualified Representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting of stockholders of the Corporation to present a nomination or proposed business, such nomination shall be disregarded (and any such nominee shall be disqualified from standing for election or reelection), and such proposed business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect thereof may have been received by the Corporation. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, unless otherwise permitted by applicable law, no stockholder shall solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than the Corporation’s nominees unless such stockholder has complied with Rule 14a-19 promulgated under the Exchange Act in connection with the solicitation of such proxies, including the provision to the Corporation of notices required thereunder in a timely manner.

(b) The number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at a meeting of stockholders (or in the case of a stockholder giving the notice on behalf of a beneficial owner, the number of nominees a stockholder may nominate for election at the meeting on behalf of such beneficial owner) shall not exceed the number of directors to be elected by the stockholders generally at such meeting. In addition, a stockholder may not designate any substitute or alternate nominees unless such stockholder provides timely notice of such substitute or alternate nominee(s) in accordance with Section 1.12.1, in the case of an annual meeting, or Section 1.12.2, in the case of a special meeting (and such notice contains all of the information, representations, agreements, questionnaires and certifications with respect to such substitute or alternate nominee(s) that are required by the Bylaws with respect to nominees for director election submitted by a stockholder).

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.12, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act with respect to the matters set forth herein, for the avoidance of doubt including, but not limited to, Rule 14a-19 of the Exchange Act, and any failure to comply therewith shall be deemed a failure to comply with this Section 1.12. Nothing in this Section 1.12 shall be deemed to affect any rights of (i) stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act or (ii) the holders of any series of the Corporation’s Preferred Stock to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.

 

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(d) For purposes of these Bylaws the following definitions shall apply:

(i) “affiliate” and “associate” shall have the meanings ascribed thereto in Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”); provided, however, that the term “partner” as used in the definition of “associate” shall not include any limited partner that is not involved in the management of the relevant partnership;

(ii) “Compensation Arrangement” shall mean any direct or indirect compensatory payment or other financial agreement, arrangement or understanding with any person or entity other than the Corporation, including any agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to any direct or indirect compensation, reimbursement or indemnification in connection with candidacy, nomination, service or action as a nominee or as a director of the Corporation;

(iii) “Competitor” shall mean any entity that the Board of Directors determines, in good faith, provides products or services that compete with or are alternatives to the principal products produced or services provided by the Corporation or its affiliates, a list of which entities shall be maintained by the Corporation and provided within ten (10) days following a request therefor by a stockholder;

(iv) “Derivative Instrument” shall mean any derivative interest in the Corporation’s equity securities, including without limitation any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, cash-settled equity swap, total return swap, synthetic equity position or similar derivative arrangement or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation or with a value derived in whole or in part from the value of any class or series of shares of the Corporation, whether settled in cash or stock or other property or securities;

(v) “Policies” shall mean all publicly disclosed corporate governance, conflict of interest, stock ownership requirements, confidentiality and training policies and guidelines of the Corporation applicable to directors;

(vi) “Proposing Person” shall mean (1) the Record Stockholder providing the notice of business proposed to be brought before an annual meeting or the Record Stockholder (or stockholder, in the case of a special meeting) providing notice of nomination of persons for election to the Board of Directors at a stockholder meeting, (2) any beneficial owner on whose behalf the proposal or nomination is made, and (3) any affiliate or associate of the foregoing persons;

(vii) “Public Announcement” shall mean disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or other national news service or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or by such other means as is reasonably designed to inform the public or stockholders of the Corporation in general of such information;

(viii) a “Qualified Representative” of a stockholder shall mean a person who is (i) a duly authorized officer, manager, trustee or partner of such stockholder or (ii) authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as a proxy at the meeting of stockholders, which writing or electronic transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission must be delivered to the Secretary at the principal executive offices of the Corporation by no later than 5:00 p.m. Eastern Time on the fifth (5th) business day before such meeting of stockholders;

 

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(ix) “Short Interest” shall mean any short interest in any security of the Corporation that a person directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise, has the opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of the subject security or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including without limitation any borrowing or lending of shares) the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss to or manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of, such person with respect to any share of stock of the Corporation; and

(x) “Voting Commitment” shall mean any agreement, arrangement or understanding with, or any commitment or assurance given to, any person or entity as to how a person will act or vote on any issue or question as a director of the Corporation.

1.12.5 Rule 14a-8. Nothing in this Section 1.12 shall be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to have a proposal included in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.

ARTICLE II: BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Section 2.1: Number; Qualifications. The total number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall be fixed from time to time in the manner set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation and the term “Whole Board” shall have the meaning specified in the Certificate of Incorporation. No decrease in the authorized number of directors constituting the Whole Board shall shorten the term of any incumbent director. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

Section 2.2: Election; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies. Election of directors need not be by written ballot. Subject to the special rights of holders of any series of the Corporation’s Preferred Stock to elect directors, each director shall hold office until the annual meeting at which such director’s term expires and until such director’s successor is elected and qualified or until such director’s earlier death, resignation, disqualification or removal. Any director may resign by delivering a resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation at its principal office or to the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless it is specified to be effective at a later time or upon the happening of an event. Subject to the special rights of holders of any series of the Corporation’s Preferred Stock to elect directors, directors may be removed only as provided by the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law. All vacancies occurring in the Board of Directors and any newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors shall be filled in the manner set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation.

Section 2.3: Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at such places (if any), within or without the State of Delaware, and at such times as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. Notice of regular meetings need not be given if the date, times and places thereof are fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 2.4: Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the Lead Independent Director or a majority of the members of the Board of Directors then in office and may be held at any time, date or place (if any), within or without the State of Delaware, as the person or persons calling the meeting shall fix. Notice of the time, date and place (if any) of such meeting shall be given, orally, in writing or by electronic transmission (including electronic mail), by or at the direction of the person or persons calling the meeting to all directors at least four (4) days before the meeting if the notice is mailed, or at least twenty-four (24) hours before the meeting if such notice is given personally or by telephone, hand delivery or electronic transmission; provided, however, that if, under the circumstances, the Chairperson of the Board of

 

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Directors, the Lead Independent Director, the Chief Executive Officer or the majority members of the Board of Directors calling a special meeting deems that more immediate action is necessary or appropriate, notice may be delivered on the day of such special meeting. Unless otherwise indicated in the notice, any and all business may be transacted at a special meeting.

Section 2.5: Remote Meetings Permitted. Members of the Board of Directors, or any committee of the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to conference telephone or other communications equipment shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 2.6: Quorum; Vote Required for Action. At all meetings of the Board of Directors, a majority of the Whole Board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. If a quorum shall fail to attend any meeting, a majority of those present may adjourn the meeting to another place, date or time. Except as otherwise provided herein or in the Certificate of Incorporation, or required by applicable law, the vote of a majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of the Board of Directors.

Section 2.7: Organization. Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be presided over by (a) the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, or (b) in the absence of such person, the Lead Independent Director, or (c) in such person’s absence, by the Chief Executive Officer, if a director, or (d) in such person’s absence or if such person is not a director, by a director chosen by the Board of Directors at the meeting. The Secretary shall act as secretary of the meeting, but in such person’s absence the chairperson of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

Section 2.8: Unanimous Action by Directors in Lieu of a Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission. After an action is taken, the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions shall be filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or the committee thereof, as applicable. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

Section 2.9: Powers. The Board of Directors may exercise all of the powers of the Corporation except as otherwise provided by the General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws.

Section 2.10: Compensation of Directors. Members of the Board of Directors, as such, may receive, pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors, fees and other compensation for their services as directors, including without limitation their services as members of committees of the Board of Directors. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor.

Section 2.11: Confidentiality. Each director shall (i) maintain the confidentiality of any non-public information learned in their capacities as directors, including communications among Board of Directors members in their capacities as directors, and (ii) shall not share any such information with any third-party person or entity who has not entered into a specific written agreement with the Corporation, as approved by the Board of Directors, providing otherwise with respect to such information. The Board of Directors may adopt a board confidentiality policy further implementing and interpreting this Section 2.11 (a “Board Confidentiality Policy”).

 

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Section 2.12 Emergency Bylaws. This Section 2.12 shall be operative during any emergency condition as contemplated by Section 110 of the General Corporation Law (an “Emergency”), notwithstanding any different or conflicting provisions in these Bylaws, the Certificate of Incorporation or the General Corporation Law. In the event of any Emergency the director or directors in attendance at a meeting of the Board of Directors or a standing committee thereof shall constitute a quorum. Such director or directors in attendance may further take action to appoint one or more of themselves or other directors to membership on any standing or temporary committees of the Board of Directors as they shall deem necessary and appropriate. In the event that no directors are able to attend a meeting of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof in an Emergency, then the Designated Officers in attendance shall serve as directors, or committee members, as the case may be, for the meeting and will have full powers to act as directors, or committee members, as the case may be, of the Corporation. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, during any Emergency, the Corporation and its directors and officers, may exercise any authority and take any action or measure contemplated by Section 110 of the General Corporation Law. For purposes of this Section 2.12, the term “Designated Officer” means an officer identified on a numbered list of officers of the Corporation who shall be deemed to be, in the order in which they appear on the list, directors of the Corporation, or members of a committee of the Board of Directors, as the case may be, to the extent required to obtain a quorum at a meeting, which list of Designated Officers shall be approved by the Board of Directors from time to time but in any event prior to such time or times as an Emergency may have occurred.

ARTICLE III: COMMITTEES

Section 3.1: Committees. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors of the Corporation. The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of the committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting of such committee who are not disqualified from voting, whether or not such member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in a resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers that may require it; but no such committee shall have the power or authority in reference to the following matters: (a) approving, adopting, or recommending to the stockholders any action or matter (other than the election or removal of members of the Board of Directors) expressly required by the General Corporation Law to be submitted to stockholders for approval or (b) adopting, amending or repealing any bylaw of the Corporation.

Section 3.2: Committee Rules. Each committee shall keep records of its proceedings and make such reports as the Board of Directors may from time to time request. Unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides, each committee designated by the Board of Directors may make, alter and repeal rules for the conduct of its business. In the absence of such rules, each committee shall conduct its business in the same manner as the Board of Directors conducts its business pursuant to Article II hereof. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws or the resolution of the Board of Directors designating the committee, any committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or more members of the committee and may delegate to any such subcommittee any or all of the powers and authority of the committee.

 

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ARTICLE IV: OFFICERS; CHAIRPERSON; LEAD INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR

Section 4.1: Generally. The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a Chief Executive Officer (who may be the Chairperson of the Board of Directors or the President), a President, a Secretary and a Treasurer and may consist of such other officers, including, without limitation, a Chief Financial Officer, and one or more Vice Presidents, Assistant Secretaries or Assistant Treasurers, as may from time to time be appointed by the Board of Directors. All officers shall be elected by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may empower the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation to appoint any officer other than the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer or the Treasurer. Except as otherwise provided by applicable law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, each officer shall hold office until such officer’s successor is duly elected and qualified or until such officer’s earlier resignation, death, disqualification or removal. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. Any officer may resign by delivering a resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation at its principal office or to the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, or the Secretary. Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless it is specified to be effective at some later time or upon the happening of some later event. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation by death, resignation, removal or otherwise may be filled by the Board of Directors (or, if empowered by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer) and the Board of Directors may, in its discretion, leave unfilled, for such period as it may determine, any offices. Each such successor shall hold office for the unexpired term of such officer’s predecessor and until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until such officer’s earlier resignation, death, disqualification or removal.

Section 4.2: Chief Executive Officer. Subject to the control of the Board of Directors and such supervisory powers, if any, as may be given by the Board of Directors, the powers and duties of the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation are:

(a) to have general supervision, direction and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation; and

(b) to affix the signature of the Corporation to all deeds, conveyances, mortgages, guarantees, leases, obligations, bonds, certificates and other papers and instruments in writing which have been authorized by the Board of Directors or which, in the judgment of the Chief Executive Officer, should be executed on behalf of the Corporation; to sign certificates for shares of stock of the Corporation (if any); and to have general charge of the property of the Corporation and to supervise and control all officers, agents and employees of the Corporation.

The person holding the office of President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation unless the Board of Directors shall designate another person to be the Chief Executive Officer.

Section 4.3: Chairperson of the Board of Directors. Subject to the provisions of Section 2.7 above, the Chairperson of the Board of Directors shall have the power to preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors and shall have such other powers and duties as provided in these Bylaws and as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. The Chairperson of the Board of Directors shall not be deemed an officer of the Corporation unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors.

Section 4.4: Lead Independent Director. The Board of Directors may, in its discretion, elect a lead independent director from among its members that are independent directors as determined under rules of the exchange upon which the Corporation’s Class A Common Stock is primarily traded (such director, the “Lead Independent Director”). The Lead Independent Director shall preside at all meetings or sessions of independent directors and exercise such other powers and duties as may from time to time be assigned to him or her by the Board of Directors or as prescribed by these Bylaws.

 

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Section 4.5: President. The person holding the office of Chief Executive Officer shall be the President of the Corporation unless the Board of Directors shall have designated one individual as the President and a different individual as the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. Subject to the provisions of these Bylaws and to the direction of the Board of Directors, and subject to the supervisory powers of the Chief Executive Officer (if the Chief Executive Officer is an officer other than the President), and subject to such supervisory powers and authority as may be given by the Board of Directors to the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, and/or to any other officer, the President shall have the responsibility for the general management and control of the business and affairs of the Corporation and the general supervision and direction of all of the officers, employees and agents of the Corporation (other than the Chief Executive Officer, if the Chief Executive Officer is an officer other than the President) and shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of President, or as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.6: Chief Financial Officer. The person holding the office of Chief Financial Officer shall be the Treasurer of the Corporation unless the Board of Directors shall have designated another person as the Treasurer of the Corporation. Subject to the direction of the Board of Directors and the Chief Executive Officer, the Chief Financial Officer shall perform all duties and have all powers that are commonly incident to the office of Chief Financial Officer, or as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.7: Treasurer. The person holding the office of Treasurer shall be the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation unless the Board of Directors shall have designated another person as the Chief Financial Officer of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall have custody of all monies and securities of the Corporation. The Treasurer shall make such disbursements of the funds of the Corporation as are authorized and shall render from time to time an account of all such transactions. The Treasurer shall also perform such other duties and have such other powers as are commonly incident to the office of Treasurer, or as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.8: Vice President. Each Vice President shall have all such powers and duties as are commonly incident to the office of Vice President or as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe. A Vice President may be designated by the Board of Directors to perform the duties and exercise the powers of the President in the event of the President’s absence or disability.

Section 4.9: Secretary. The Secretary shall issue or cause to be issued all authorized notices for, and shall keep, or cause to be kept, minutes of all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors. The Secretary shall have charge of the corporate minute books and similar records and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as are commonly incident to the office of Secretary, or as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may from time to time prescribe.

Section 4.10: Delegation of Authority. The Board of Directors may from time to time delegate the powers or duties of any officer of the Corporation to any other officers or agents of the Corporation, notwithstanding any provision hereof.

Section 4.11: Removal. Any officer of the Corporation shall serve at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors; provided that if the Board of Directors has empowered the Chief Executive Officer to appoint any officer of the Corporation, then such officer may also be removed by the Chief Executive Officer, with or without cause. Such removal shall be without prejudice to the contractual rights of such officer, if any, with the Corporation.

 

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ARTICLE V: STOCK

Section 5.1: Certificates; Uncertificated Shares. The shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be uncertificated shares; provided, however, that the resolution of the Board of Directors that the shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be uncertificated shares shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation (or the transfer agent or registrar, as the case may be). Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be certificated shares. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation, by any two authorized officers of the Corporation (it being understood that each of the Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Vice-Chairperson of the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, the Chief Financial Officer, any Vice President, the Treasurer, any Assistant Treasurer, the Secretary and any Assistant Secretary of the Corporation shall be an authorized officer for such purpose), representing the number of shares registered in certificate form. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were an officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 5.2: Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Stock Certificates; Issuance of New Certificates or Uncertificated Shares. The Corporation may issue a new certificate of stock or uncertificated shares in the place of any certificate previously issued by it, alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed, and the Corporation may require the owner of the lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or such owner’s legal representative to give the Corporation a bond sufficient to indemnify it, against any claim that may be made against it on account of the alleged loss, theft or destruction of any such certificate or the issuance of such new certificate or uncertificated shares.

Section 5.3: Other Regulations. Subject to applicable law, the Certificate of Incorporation and these Bylaws, the issue, transfer, conversion and registration of shares represented by certificates and of uncertificated shares shall be governed by such other regulations as the Board of Directors may establish (or such other rules and procedures as the Corporation’s transfer agent may require).

ARTICLE VI: INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6.1: Indemnification of Officers and Directors. Each person who was or is made a party to, or is threatened to be made a party to, or is involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, legislative, investigative, preliminary, informal or formal, or any other type whatsoever, including any investigation or any arbitration or other alternative dispute resolution (including but not limited to giving testimony or responding to a subpoena) and including any appeal of any of the foregoing (a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that such person (or a person of whom such person is the legal representative), is or was a director or officer of the Corporation designated by the Board of Directors to be entitled to the indemnification and advancement rights set forth in this Article VI or a Reincorporated Predecessor (as defined below) or, while serving as a director or officer of the Corporation or a Reincorporated Predecessor, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent or trustee of another corporation, or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non-profit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans (for purposes of this Article VI, an “Indemnitee”), shall be indemnified and held harmless by

 

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the Corporation to the fullest extent permitted by the General Corporation Law as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Corporation to provide prior to such amendment), against all expenses, costs, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes and penalties and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement) reasonably incurred or suffered by such Indemnitee in connection therewith, provided such Indemnitee acted in good faith and in a manner that the Indemnitee reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation, and, with respect to any criminal Proceeding, had no reasonable cause to believe the Indemnitee’s conduct was unlawful. Such indemnification shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director or officer of the Corporation or a Reincorporated Predecessor (as defined below) or, while serving as a director or officer of the Corporation or a Reincorporated Predecessor, is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent or trustee of another corporation, or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non-profit entity, including service with respect to employee benefit plans and shall inure to the benefit of such Indemnitees’ heirs, executors and administrators. Notwithstanding the foregoing, subject to Section 6.5 of this Article VI, the Corporation shall indemnify any such Indemnitee seeking indemnity in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such Indemnitee only if such Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors or such indemnification is authorized by an agreement approved by the Board of Directors. As used in this Article VI, (i) the term the “Reincorporated Predecessor” means a corporation that is merged with and into the Corporation in a statutory merger where (a) the Corporation is the surviving corporation of such merger, and (b) the primary purpose of such merger is to change the corporate domicile of the Reincorporated Predecessor to Delaware, and (ii) an “officer” of the Corporation or of a Reincorporated Predecessor means an officer of the Corporation or of a Reincorporated Predecessor elected or appointed by the Board of Directors or governing body thereof, as applicable.

Section 6.2: Advancement of Expenses. Except as otherwise provided in a written indemnification agreement between the Corporation and the Indemnitee, the Corporation shall pay all reasonable expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by an Indemnitee in defending any Proceeding in advance of its final disposition; provided, however, that the advancement of such expenses (i.e., payment of such expenses as incurred or otherwise in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such Indemnitee, to repay such amounts if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no appeal that such Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article VI or otherwise. Any advances of expenses or undertakings to repay pursuant to this Section 6.2 shall be unsecured, interest free and without regard to Indemnitee’s ability to pay.

Section 6.3: Non-Exclusivity of Rights. The rights conferred on any person in this Article VI shall not be exclusive of any other right that such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, agreement, vote or consent of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise.

Section 6.4: Indemnification of Others and Additional Rights. The Corporation may grant rights to indemnification and to the advancement of expenses to any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or Reincorporated Predecessor, or any person who is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, agent or trustee of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non-profit entity, including employee benefit plans. Such rights may be greater than those provided in this Article VI.

 

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Section 6.5: Right of Indemnitee to Bring Suit. The following shall apply to the extent not in conflict with any written indemnification agreement between the Corporation and the Indemnitee:

6.5.1 Right to Bring Suit. If a claim under Section 6.1 or 6.2 of this Article VI is not paid in full by the Corporation within sixty (60) days after a written claim has been received by the Corporation, except in the case of a claim for an advancement of expenses, in which case the applicable period shall be twenty (20) days, the Indemnitee may at any time thereafter bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim. If the Indemnitee is successful in whole or in part in any such suit, or in a suit brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Indemnitee also shall be entitled to be paid, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the expense of prosecuting or defending such suit. In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder (but not in a suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to an advancement of expenses) it shall be a defense that the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in applicable law. In any suit brought by the Corporation to recover the advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the Corporation shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon a final adjudication that, the Indemnitee has not met any applicable standard for indemnification set forth in applicable law.

6.5.2 Effect of Determination. Neither the absence of a determination by or on behalf of the Corporation prior to the commencement of such suit that indemnification of the Indemnitee is proper in the circumstances because the Indemnitee has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in applicable law, nor an actual determination by or on behalf of the Corporation that the Indemnitee has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall create a presumption that the Indemnitee has not met the applicable standard of conduct or, in the case of such a suit brought by the Indemnitee, be a defense to such suit.

6.5.3 Burden of Proof. In any suit brought by the Indemnitee to enforce a right to indemnification or to an advancement of expenses hereunder, or brought by the Corporation to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Indemnitee is not entitled to be indemnified, or to such advancement of expenses, under this Article VI, or otherwise, shall be on the Corporation.

Section 6.6: Nature of Rights. The rights conferred upon Indemnitees in this Article VI shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an Indemnitee who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the Indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators.

Section 6.7: Amendment or Repeal. Any amendment, repeal or modification of any provision of this Article VI that adversely affects any right of an Indemnitee or an Indemnitee’s successors shall be prospective only, and shall not adversely affect any right or protection conferred on a person pursuant to this Article VI and existing at the time of such amendment, repeal or modification.

Section 6.8: Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance, at its expense, to protect itself and any director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise or non-profit entity against any expense, liability or loss, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such expense, liability or loss under the General Corporation Law.

Section 6.9: Indemnification for Successful Defense. To the extent that an Indemnitee has been successful on the merits or otherwise in defense of any Proceeding (or in defense of any claim, issue or matter therein), such Indemnitee shall be indemnified under this Section 6.9 against expenses (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred in connection with such defense. Indemnification under this Section 6.9 shall not be subject to satisfaction of a standard of conduct, and the Corporation may not

 

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assert the failure to satisfy a standard of conduct as a basis to deny indemnification or recover amounts advanced, including in a suit brought pursuant to Section 6.5 (notwithstanding anything to the contrary therein); provided, however, that, any Indemnitee who is not a current or former director or officer (as such term is defined in the final sentence of Section 145(c)(1) of the General Corporation Law) shall be entitled to indemnification under Section 6.1 and this Section 6.9 only if such Indemnitee has satisfied the applicable standard of conduct required for indemnification under Section 145(a) or Section 145(b) of the General Corporation Law.

ARTICLE VII: NOTICES

Section 7.1: Notice.

7.1.1 Form and Delivery. Except as otherwise required by applicable law, notice may be given in writing directed to a stockholder’s mailing address as it appears on the records of the Corporation and shall be given: (a) if mailed, when notice is deposited in the U.S. mail, postage prepaid; and (b) if delivered by courier service, the earlier of when the notice is received or left at such stockholder’s address. So long as the Corporation is subject to the Securities and Exchange Commission’s proxy rules set forth in Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act, notice shall be given in the manner required by such rules. To the extent permitted by such rules, or if the Corporation is not subject to Regulation 14A, notice may be given by electronic mail directed to the stockholder’s electronic mail address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, and if so given, shall be given when directed to such stockholder’s electronic mail address unless the stockholder has notified the Corporation in writing or by electronic transmission of an objection to receiving notice by electronic mail or such notice is prohibited by Section 232(e) of the General Corporation Law. If notice is given by electronic mail, such notice shall comply with the applicable provisions of Sections 232(a) and 232(d) of the General Corporation Law. Notice may be given by other forms of electronic transmission with the consent of a stockholder in the manner permitted by Section 232(b) of the General Corporation Law and shall be deemed given as provided therein.

7.1.2 Affidavit of Giving Notice. An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.

Section 7.2: Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given under any provision of the General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled to notice, or waiver by electronic transmission by such person, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, directors or members of a committee of directors need be specified in any waiver of notice.

ARTICLE VIII: INTERESTED DIRECTORS

Section 8.1: Interested Directors. No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association or other organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers of such other corporation, partnership, association or other organization, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof that authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his, her or their votes are counted for such purpose, if: (a) the material facts as to his, her or

 

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their relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum, (b) the material facts as to his, her or their relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders, or (c) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof, or the stockholders.

Section 8.2: Quorum. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or transaction described in Section 8.1.

ARTICLE IX: MISCELLANEOUS

Section 9.1: Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.

Section 9.2: Seal. The Board of Directors may provide for a corporate seal, which may have the name of the Corporation inscribed thereon and shall otherwise be in such form as may be approved from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 9.3: Form of Records. Any records administered by or on behalf of the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account and minute books, may be kept on or by means of, or be in the form of, any other information storage device, method or one or more electronic networks or databases (including one or more distributed electronic networks or databases), electronic or otherwise, provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable time and otherwise comply with the General Corporation Law. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law.

Section 9.4: Reliance Upon Books and Records. A member of the Board of Directors, or a member of any committee designated by the Board of Directors shall, in the performance of such person’s duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the books and records of the Corporation and upon such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Corporation by any of the Corporation’s officers or employees, or committees of the Board of Directors, or by any other person as to matters the member reasonably believes are within such other person’s professional or expert competence and who has been selected with reasonable care by or on behalf of the Corporation.

Section 9.5: Certificate of Incorporation Governs. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation and these Bylaws, the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation shall govern.

Section 9.6: Severability. If any provision of these Bylaws shall be held to be invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, then such provision shall nonetheless be enforced to the maximum extent possible consistent with such holding and the remaining provisions of these Bylaws (including without limitation, all portions of any section of these Bylaws containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the Certificate of Incorporation, that are not themselves invalid, illegal, unenforceable or in conflict with the Certificate of Incorporation) shall remain in full force and effect.

 

23


Section 9.7: Time Periods. In applying any provision of these Bylaws which requires that an act be done or not be done a specified number of days prior to an event or that an act be done during a period of a specified number of days prior to an event, calendar days shall be used (unless otherwise specified herein), the day of the doing of the act shall be excluded, and the day of the event shall be included.

ARTICLE X: AMENDMENT

Notwithstanding any other provision of these Bylaws, any alteration, amendment or repeal of these Bylaws, and any adoption of new Bylaws, shall require the approval of the Board of Directors or the stockholders of the Corporation as expressly provided in the Certificate of Incorporation.

ARTICLE XI: CHOICE OF FORUM; EXCLUSIVE FORUM

Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for: (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation; (ii) any action asserting a claim that is based upon a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by, or other wrongdoing by, any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders; (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation or any current or former director, officer, stockholder, employee or agent of the Corporation arising pursuant to any provision of the General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws or as to which the General Corporation Law confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware; (iv) any action to interpret, apply, enforce or determine the validity of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws; (v) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine; or (vi) any action asserting an “internal corporate claim” as that term is defined in Section 115 of the General Corporation Law. Unless the Corporation consents in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America shall be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act, or any successor thereto. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall be deemed to have notice of and to have consented to the provisions of this Article XI. Failure to enforce the foregoing provisions of this Article XI would cause the Corporation irreparable harm, and the Corporation shall be entitled to equitable relief, including injunctive relief and specific performance, to enforce the foregoing provisions.

 

24


CERTIFICATION OF AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF

COREWEAVE, INC.

(a Delaware Corporation)

I, Kristen McVeety, certify that I am Secretary of CoreWeave, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Corporation”), that I am duly authorized to make and deliver this certification, that the attached Bylaws are a true and complete copy of the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Corporation in effect as of the date of this certificate.

Dated: March 31, 2025

 

/s/ Kristen McVeety
Kristen McVeety
Secretary

 

25

Exhibit 5.1

 

LOGO   

801 California Street

Mountain View, CA 94041

    

650.988.8500

Fenwick.com

April 18, 2025

CoreWeave, Inc.

290 W Mt. Pleasant Ave., Suite 4100

Livingston, NJ 07039

Re: Registration Statement on Form S-8

Ladies and Gentlemen:

As counsel to CoreWeave, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), we have examined the Registration Statement on Form S-8 (the “Registration Statement”) to be filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on or about April 18, 2025 in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), of up to 1,919,872 shares (the “Shares”) of the Company’s Class A common stock, $0.000005 par value per share (the “Common Stock”), for resale from time to time by the selling stockholders (the “Selling Stockholders”) as described in the reoffer prospectus (the “Prospectus”) included in the Registration Statement. The Shares consist of (i) shares of Common Stock that were issued by the Company to the Selling Stockholders upon the exercise or settlement of awards granted to the Selling Stockholders (the “Existing Shares”) under the Company’s 2019 Stock Option Plan (the “2019 Plan”) and (ii) shares of Common Stock that are issuable by the Company to the Selling Stockholders upon the exercise or settlement of awards granted to the Selling Stockholders under the 2019 Plan (the “Award Shares”).

As to matters of fact relevant to the opinions rendered herein, we have examined such documents, certificates and other instruments which we have deemed necessary or advisable, including a certificate addressed to us and dated the date hereof executed by the Company. We have not undertaken any independent investigation to verify the accuracy of any such information, representations or warranties or to determine the existence or absence of any fact, and no inference as to our knowledge of the existence or absence of any fact should be drawn from our representation of the Company or the rendering of the opinion set forth below. We have not considered parol evidence in connection with any of the agreements or instruments reviewed by us in connection with this letter.

In our examination of documents for purposes of this letter, we have assumed, and express no opinion as to, the genuineness and authenticity of all signatures on original documents, the authenticity and completeness of all documents submitted to us as originals, that each document is what it purports to be, the conformity to originals of all documents submitted to us as copies or facsimile copies, the absence of any termination, modification or waiver of or amendment to any document reviewed by us (other than as has been disclosed to us), the legal competence or capacity of all persons or entities (other than the Company) executing the same and (other than the Company) the due authorization, execution and delivery of all documents by each party thereto. We have also assumed the conformity of the documents filed with the Commission via the Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval System (“EDGAR”), except for required EDGAR formatting changes, to physical copies submitted for our examination.


CoreWeave, Inc.

April 18, 2025

Page 2

 

The opinions in this letter are limited to the existing General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware now in effect. We express no opinion with respect to any other laws.

Based upon, and subject to, the foregoing, it is our opinion that (i) the Existing Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus are validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and (ii) the Award Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, when issued and sold by the Company to the Selling Stockholders in accordance with the terms (including, without limitation, payment and authorization provisions) of the 2019 Plan and the applicable form of award agreement thereunder, against the Company’s receipt of payment therefor (in an amount and type of consideration not less than the par value per Share), and duly registered on the books of the transfer agent and registrar for the Shares in the name or on behalf of the applicable Selling Stockholders, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable.

We consent to the use of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and further consent to all references to us, if any, in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus constituting a part thereof and any amendments thereto. We do not thereby admit that we are within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder.

This opinion is intended solely for your use in connection with the sale of the Shares by the Selling Stockholders subject to the Registration Statement and is not to be relied upon for any other purpose. In providing this letter, we are opining only as to the specific legal issues expressly set forth above, and no opinion shall be inferred as to any other matter or matters. This opinion is rendered on, and speaks only as of, the date of this letter first written above, and does not address any potential change in facts or law that may occur after the date of this opinion letter. We assume no obligation to advise you of any fact, circumstance, event or change in the law or the facts that may hereafter be brought to our attention, whether or not such occurrence would affect or modify any of the opinions expressed herein.

Very truly yours,

/s/ Fenwick & West LLP

FENWICK & WEST LLP

Exhibit 23.2

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on Form S-8 of our report dated March 3, 2025 (March 19, 2025 as to the effects of the stock split described in Note 1), relating to the financial statements of CoreWeave, Inc., appearing in Registration Statement No. 333-285512 on Form S-1 of CoreWeave, Inc. We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

 

/s/ DELOITTE & TOUCHE LLP
San Jose, California
April 17, 2025

Exhibit 23.3

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statement on Form S-8 of CoreWeave, Inc. of our report dated January 22, 2025, except for the effects of the stock split described in Note 1 as to which the date is March 19, 2025, relating to the consolidated financial statements of CoreWeave, Inc., appearing in the Registration Statement (No. 333-285512) on Form S-1, and related Prospectus of CoreWeave, Inc.

We also consent to the reference to our firm under the heading “Experts”.

/s/ RSM US LLP

Minneapolis, Minnesota

April 17, 2025

Exhibit 107

Calculation of Filing Fee Table

Form S-8

(Form Type)

CoreWeave, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Table 1 - Newly Registered Securities

 

               
Security Type   

Security

Class

Title

 

Fee

Calculation

Rule

  Amount
Registered(1)
  Proposed
Maximum
Offering
Price Per
Share
 

Maximum

Aggregate

Offering

Price

 

Fee

Rate

 

Amount of

Registration

Fee

               
Equity   

Class A Common

Stock, par value

$0.000005 per share 

  Rule 457(h)    1,919,872(2)   $39.55(3)   $75,930,937.60(3)   $0.00015310    $11,625.03
         
Total Offering Amounts     $75,930,937.60     $11,625.03
         
Total Fee Offsets(4)         — 
         
Net Fee Due               $11,625.03

 

(1)

Pursuant to Rule 416(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), this Registration Statement shall also cover any additional shares of the Registrant’s Class A common stock that become issuable in respect of the securities identified in the above table by reason of any stock dividend, stock split, recapitalization, or other similar transaction effected without the receipt of consideration that increases the number of the Registrant’s outstanding shares of Class A common stock.

(2)

Represents shares of Class A common stock issued under equity awards from the Registrant’s 2019 Stock Option Plan issued to certain current and former employees, consultants and advisors of the registrant upon exercise of stock option awards.

(3)

Estimated in accordance with Rule 457(h) of the Securities Act solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee on the basis of $39.55 per share, which is the average of the high and low prices of the Registrant’s Class A Common Stock on April 16, 2025, as reported on the Nasdaq Stock Market.

(4)

The Registrant has no fee offsets.