UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 1-K/A

ANNUAL REPORT

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO REGULATION A OF THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021

646-905-0931

Issuer’s telephone number, including area code

Landa App LLC - 1394 Oakview Circle Forest Park GA LLC membership interests

Landa App LLC - 1701 Summerwoods Lane Griffin GA LLC membership interests

Landa App LLC - 1741 Park Lane Griffin GA LLC membership interests

Landa App LLC - 115 Sardis Street Barnesville GA LLC membership interests(*)

Landa App LLC - 209 Timber Wolf Trail Griffin GA LLC membership interests(*)

Landa App LLC - 2505 Oak Circle Ellenwood GA LLC membership interests(*)

Landa App - 271 Timber Wolf Trail Griffin GA LLC membership interests(*)

Landa App - 29 Holly Grove Road Griffin GA LLC membership interests(*)

(*) the offering of this class of securities was withdrawn before any securities were issued

(Title of each class of securities issued pursuant to Regulation A)

Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given to them in Landa App LLC’s offering circular (the “Offering Circular”) most recently qualified by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), dated January 7, 2022, which can be found here.

Part II.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

Due to a scrivener’s error, the issuer’s Annual Report on Form 1-K for the period ended December 31, 2021, originally filed on April 29, 2022 (the “Filing Date”), did not include the individual Series names in the Audit Opinion or the Auditor Consent. The only changes reflected in this amended Annual Report on Form 1-K/A is to include a revised (i) Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm and (ii) Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

The information contained in this report includes some statements that are not historical and that are considered “forward-looking statements.” A cautionary statement regarding forward-looking statements applicable to forward-looking statements found herein can be found under “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” of our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 1. Business

Company Overview

Landa App LLC (the “we, “us,” “our” or the “Company”) was formed November 25, 2019 as “Landa Properties A LLC”, a Delaware limited liability company pursuant to Section 18-201 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act (the “LLC Act”) in order to offer a unique investment opportunity for eligible investors to benefit from the performance of curated and fully managed rental real estate properties. The Company was subsequently renamed “Landa App LLC” on April 30, 2020, and became a series limited liability company pursuant to Sections 18-215 and 18-218 of the LLC Act on May 22, 2020.

From time to time, the Company will form separate series of membership interests (each a “Series,” and collectively, the “Series”) for the purpose of offering a unique investment opportunity for eligible investors to benefit from the performance of curated and fully managed rental real estate properties. Each Series is formed to hold a residential rental property as its primary asset (each a “Property,” and collectively, the “Properties”).

The Company generally offers 10,000 membership interests (each a “Share” and collectively, the “Shares”) in each of the Series (the respective offerings of Shares of each Series each individually referred to herein as an “Offering”). Investors that purchase Shares in any Series acquire a right to receive monthly distributions (which we also refer to as “dividends”) of a portion of the net rental income of such Series. The total distribution amount by a Series, if any, will be calculated by the Manager, acting in its sole discretion, and will be based on a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the total number of Shares sold, fees, expenses, taxes, amounts allocated to reserves, economic conditions, debt service requirements, actual and accrued cash flows of the applicable Series, and other factors that could differ materially from our current expectations. The total distribution amount, if any, will be allocated to each holder of Shares of the applicable Series on a pro-rata basis based on the number of Shares of that Series held.

The Company and each Series is managed by Landa Holdings, Inc. (the “Manager”).

All Shares are offered through the Landa Mobile App.

Series Offering Table

The table below shows key information related to the Offering of each Series pursuant to Regulation A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (“Regulation A”), as of December 31, 2021. Please also refer to “—Properties” below for further details.

Landa Series 115 Sardis Street

Landa Series 209 Timber Wolf Trail

Landa Series 2505 Oak Circle

Landa Series 271 Timber Wolf Trail

Landa Series 29 Holly Grove Road  

The table below shows key information related to the Offering of each Series pursuant to Regulation A subsequent to December 31, 2021. Please also refer to “—Properties” below for further details.

Properties

Descriptions of the Properties as of December 31, 2021 can be found under “Description of the Properties” of our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Investment Objectives

Our primary investment objectives are to:

We cannot assure you that we will attain these objectives or that the value of our assets will not decrease. 

Investment Strategy

Our investment strategy is to acquire, invest in, manage, and operate properties on an opportunistic basis, which may consist of a wide variety of residential rental properties. We intend to leverage our industry expertise, as well as our proprietary technology, to help streamline our property acquisition process.

We will focus on acquiring market ready properties, which may include existing income-producing properties or newly constructed properties, in neighborhoods with growing rental demand, strong rental history and in geographic regions which provide steady real estate asset growth. Our acquisition strategy does not include major rehabilitation or repurposing of existing structures, or new ground-up development. Our target markets are neighborhoods surrounding metropolitan statistical areas of at least one million residents, which we estimate having historical capitalization rates ranging from approximately five percent (5%) to ten percent (10%) for single family homes, and six percent (6%) to seven percent (7%) for multi-family homes. In addition, we expect to target cities with growing populations or cities that have evidenced strong rental demand.

Governmental Regulation

Each Series’ respective business practices and Properties are subject to regulation by numerous federal, state and local authorities. See the description of certain applicable regulations under “Regulations” of our offering circular filed July 1, 2021 with the SEC, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference, for a discussion of applicable governmental regulations. 

Industry

Residential Housing

Residential housing is the largest real estate asset class in the United States, with approximately 140 million total housing units and a total value of more than $43.4 trillion according to Zillow.com. The single-family rental market has grown in recent years as homeownership rate has declined following the global financial crisis. We believe this decline in homeownership is due to a number of factors. First, mortgage financing for the consumer is now harder to obtain due to conservative mortgage underwriting standards which arose after the global financial crisis. Many Americans have limited credit and do not have the liquidity required to put a down payment on a home. Second, the U.S. is undergoing a demographic shift away from the desire to own a home. Americans are looking for more flexibility and mobility in their housing. Finally, over the recent years, home prices have increased faster than wage growth which has created an affordability problem for potential homeowners. These factors have shifted the landscape in the U.S. housing market over the recent years and have contributed to the rise in the demand for rental housing.

We believe that the increased demand for rental housing has created the institutionalization of single-family investment ownership. Prior to 2012, the single-family rental sector primarily consisted of smaller, non-institutional owners and managers, however, larger institutional investors have emerged in recent years. Despite this growth, it is estimated that institutional owners only represent approximately 375,000 units or 2.5% of all single-family rental units in the United States, according to Institutional Real Estate, Inc. The expansion of institutional owners into this asset class has led to management efficiency and technology development in the industry which has improved the cost to manage a rental home. Operating metrics for institutionally managed single-family rentals are now comparable to traditional multi-family properties as single-family rental properties exhibit similar occupancy levels to multi-family properties with lower turnover rates. In addition, according to the National Association of Realtors, the single-family housing market is the most liquid real estate asset class in the United States, with an average of 5.2 million sales of existing homes per year from 2005 to 2021.

Supply: Historically Low and Favorable Conditions Are Expected to Continue

The housing market in the United States has not kept pace with population growth and household formation resulting in a shortage in supply. We believe that this supply imbalance has led to higher demand for housing across the country which ultimately affects housing prices. Due to this shortage of housing, the median home prices have increased much faster than what the consumer can afford creating an affordability problem for many Americans, exemplified in the home price to income ratio. In 1995, the home price to income ratio was 4.24, meaning the median cost of a single-family home in the U.S. was 4.24x the average median income. As of December 31, 2021, the home price to income ratio was 7.58, according to the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. We believe that the “American Dream” of owning is starting to fade from the psychology of the U.S. consumer due to the hurdles associated with purchasing a home and the limited affordable supply available. This is exemplified by changes in the homeownership over the past 15 years where the homeownership rate across the country decreased in 90% of U.S. metropolitan areas. As of the end of 2021, the homeownership rate was 65% compared to 69% at its all-time high in 2004, according to a report by the U.S. Census Bureau.

We believe that the single-family rental industry is well-positioned to provide Americans, who prefer the lifestyle associated with being in a single-family home, an affordable housing solution.

Demand: Demographic Shifts and Professionally Managed Services

As the hurdles of homeownership continue to grow for the average American, we believe that the demand for rental housing has increased. This shift in demand for rental housing is one of the financial components driven by affordability, however, there is also a demographic shift in the perspective of housing. Delayed household formation, desired mobility, and the illiquidity associated with owning a home are large contributors to the increasing demand for rental housing in the U.S., specifically in the “millennial” population. Millennials, while potentially experiencing higher wage growth compared to previous generations, are also plagued with student debt. According to the Department of Education, as of December 2021, borrowers between ages 24-35 have an average outstanding loan balance of $33,600. This amounts to roughly 8% of the $408,100 median home price in the U.S. Said differently, many millennials have outstanding debt instead of liquidity that could be utilized for a down payment of a home. Millennials are also forming households much later than previous generations, meaning marriage and children are coming later in life. Typically, as these life events happen, the demand for more square footage and transition from apartment living to a single-family household occurs. We believe that the combination of student debt and the delay in household formation amongst the millennial population have contributed to the demand for single-family rental housing.

In addition to these structural hurdles that millennials face with respect to homeownership, we believe that there are psychological and geographic factors that play a part in the demand for rental housing. Psychologically, many millennials do not place as high of a value on homeownership as compared to previous generations. The purchase of a house is typically the largest investment that occurs in an individual’s lifetime and millennials are the generation that witnessed this class of investment depreciate during the financial recession. In addition, many millennials have more mobility due to remote working and improved technology. As commerce, industry and technology improve, fewer Americans will be required to be in an office which may lead to an increase in moving – especially in light of the recent move by many businesses to institute “work from home” policies as a result of the outbreak of COVID-19. The flexibility of being on an annual lease compared to owning a home allows for this optionality and thus, aids to drive demand for single family rentals. 

Lastly, we believe demand for single-family rentals will increase as the sophistication of the companies offering housing solutions improves. As of December 2021, single-family rental homes are not uncommon as there are roughly 17.5 million single-family rental homes across the U.S. and the industry has rapidly evolved since the 2008 recession. Since the recession, there has been an influx of institutional capital into the single-family rental space which has changed the general landscape of rental housing. As of December 2021, these institutions only account for less than 3% of the single-family rental industry, according to MetLife Investment Management.  We believe they have played a significant role in changing the product. Institutional ownership of single-family rental homes has provided services, technology and convenience to those looking to rent a single-family home and these institutions have been well-positioned to experience the demographic shift away from homeownership. We believe that the institutionalization of the single-family rental industry provides professional management services that make the renting process even easier for many Americans.

We believe that these drivers have impacted the single-family rental industry positively already. Single-family rental demand has increased by 31% in the past 10 years according to the Census American Community Survey, compared to 14% for multifamily properties. Additionally, single-family properties have outperformed multifamily properties with respect to rent growth, vacancies, and rent payment delinquencies. As consumer preferences related to housing evolve, we expect that the demand for single-family rental housing will increase and outpace other housing sectors.

Our Manager

Services Provided

Each Series has entered into a management agreement (each, a “Management Agreement”). Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Manager, among other things, provides certain property management, consulting, Landa Mobile App hosting and support and legal and accounting services to each Series, as well as provides each Series with a management team and the appropriate support personnel to meet our operational needs. Under the Management Agreement, the Manager’s services include, but are not limited to, identifying properties for potential acquisition, conducting any required due diligence with respect to each property, obtaining property appraisals, coordinating inspections and financing (if needed), negotiating the purchase of the properties, arranging for rental of any properties, undertaking, and providing customized advisory services. In addition, the Manager granted each Series a license to use the Landa Mobile App.

Investment Decisions and Asset Management 

Within our investment policies and objectives, the Manager has discretion with respect to the selection of specific investments and the purchase and sale of the Properties. We believe that successful real estate investment requires the implementation of strategies that permit favorable purchases, effective property management and timely disposition of such Properties. As such, the Manager employs a disciplined investment approach that utilizes its experience with a structure that emphasizes thorough market research, stringent underwriting standards and an extensive down-side analysis of the risks of each investment. The approach also includes active management of each Property acquired.

To execute our disciplined investment approach, the Manager takes responsibility for the business plan of each investment. The following practices summarize our investment approach:

Investments in Property

Our investment in real estate generally takes the form of holding fee simple title to the Properties.

Our obligation to purchase any Property generally is conditioned upon the delivery and verification of certain documents from the seller or developer, including, where appropriate:

In purchasing, leasing and developing Properties, we are subject to risks generally incident to the ownership of real estate. For more information, please see the section entitled “Risk Factors – Risks Related to the Properties and the Offered Series” of our latest Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference. 

Investment Process

The Manager has the authority to make all the decisions regarding the Series’ investments consistent with the investment objectives and leverage policies approved by the Manager and subject to the limitations in each Series’ Operating Agreement.

The Manager focuses on the sourcing, acquisition and management of residential properties. The Manager sources investments from former and current financing and investment partners, third-party intermediaries, competitors looking to share risk and investment, and securitization or lending departments of major financial institutions. 

In selecting investments, the Manager utilizes its investment and underwriting process, which focuses on ensuring that each prospective investment is being evaluated appropriately. The criteria that the Manager will consider when evaluating prospective opportunities include:

The Manager analyzes each potential investment’s risk-return profile and reviews financing sources, if applicable, to ensure that the investment fits within the parameters of financing facilities and to ensure performance of the real estate asset. 

Disposition Policies 

We intend to hold and manage the Properties we acquire for an indefinite period of time.  If the Manager, acting in its sole discretion, decides to sell a particular property, it will seek to achieve a selling price that maximizes the distributions to investors based on then-current market conditions. We cannot assure you that this objective will be realized.

The determination of when a particular Property should be sold or otherwise disposed of will be made by the Manager, acting in its sole discretion, after consideration of relevant factors, including, but not limited to, prevailing and projected economic conditions, whether the value of the Property is anticipated to appreciate or decline substantially, how any existing leases on a Property may impact the potential sales price, and any other factors that the Manager may deem relevant. Pursuant to the applicable Series’ operating agreement, as well as the Company’s operating agreement, the Manager may determine that it is in the best interests of members to dispose of a Property.

Following the sale of a Property, the Manager will distribute the proceeds of such sale pro-rata to the holders of the Shares of the given Series (after payment of any accrued liabilities or debt on the Property or of the Series at that time).

Operating Expenses

Each Series is responsible for certain expenses related to such Series or the Property held by such Series (hereinafter “Operating Expenses”), including, but not limited to:

The Manager bears its own expenses of an ordinary nature, including all administrative, operating and personnel costs and expenses, taxes, remuneration and expenses paid to employees and utilities expenditures.

If the Operating Expenses exceed the amount of revenues generated from a Series and cannot be covered by any Reserves of such Series’ Property, the Manager may (a) pay such Operating Expenses and seek reimbursement and/or (b) loan the amount of the Operating Expenses to the applicable Series and be entitled to reimbursement of such amount from future revenues generated by such Series. In the case that the Manager provides a loan to a Series, the Series will be obligated to pay interest no greater than 7% on that loan at a rate to be determined solely by the Manager. See “Description of Our Business—Our Manager—Manager Compensation.”

The Landa Mobile App

The Manager owns and operates a mobile app-based investment platform, which we call the “Landa Mobile App.” Through the Landa Mobile App, investors can:

We intend to offer and sell the Shares in our Offerings exclusively through the Landa Mobile App.

Competition

There is significant competition in the real estate industry, including numerous REITs with property acquisition objectives similar to the Series. In addition, we face competition primarily from other real estate investment platform companies such as Roofstock, Inc., Fundrise LLC, Arrived Homes, LLC and Compound Projects, LLC, as well as a range of emerging new companies providing real estate investment products and services. Although we believe that we are well positioned to compete effectively in each facet of our business, there is enormous competition in our market sector and there can be no assurance that we will compete effectively or that we will not encounter increased competition in the future that could limit our ability to conduct our business effectively.

Employees

We do not have any employees and are externally managed by the Manager. Currently, no Series has employees and we do not expect that any Series will have any employees. Employees of the Manager will provide all operational, administrative, and managerial services to the Company and each Series.

Legal Proceedings

There are no legal proceedings material to our business or financial condition pending and, to the best of our knowledge, there are no such legal proceedings contemplated or threatened.

Risk Factors

We face risks and uncertainties that could affect us and our business as well as the real estate industry generally. These risks are outlined under the heading “Risk Factors” contained in our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference, as the same may be updated from time to time by our future filings under Regulation A. In addition, new risks may emerge at any time and we cannot predict such risks or estimate the extent to which they may affect our financial performance. These risks could result in a decrease in the value of our common shares.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and the related notes included in this report. As noted in the independent auditor’s report, the audit of our financial statements was conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the combined financial statements as a whole. The series-level consolidating supplemental information is presented for purposes of additional analysis of the combined financial statements rather than to present the financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the individual series. The following discussion contains series-level detail that has not been audited. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.

Overview

Since their formation in 2020, each Series has been engaged primarily in acquiring its underlying Property from Landa Properties, LLC (“Landa Properties”) financed initially through promissory notes issued to the Manager and developing the financial, offering and other materials to begin offering membership interests, or “Shares,” in such Series through the Landa Mobile App. See the Offering Circular under the headings “Description of the Properties” and “Use of Proceeds”, which can be found here and here, respectively, and are incorporated herein by reference, for a description of each of the Properties and information about their acquisition and financing.

We are a development-stage company, since we are devoting substantially all our efforts to establishing and maintaining our business and planned principal operations have only recently commenced. As such, the reported financial information herein will likely not be indicative of future operating results or operating conditions. Because of our corporate structure, we are in large part reliant on the Manager and its employees to grow and support our business. There are a number of key factors that will have large potential impacts on our operating results going forward, including, but not limited to, the Manager’s ability to:

Each Series was organized in May 2020 and acquired title to its underlying Property from Landa Properties on July 10, 2020.

Each Series commenced operations on July 10, 2020 (Inception).

Recent Developments

On January 9, 2022, the Company commenced the offer and sale of 10,000 membership interests (each a “Share” and collectively, the “Shares”) in thirty-seven (37) additional Series, for an aggregate total of 370,000 Shares, pursuant to a qualified offering statement under Regulation A.

In January 2022, Landa Properties transferred title to the following Properties to the applicable Series, as set forth in the table below.

Each of the following Series issued an Acquisition Note to the Manager in connection with the acquisition of its Property, the terms of which are listed in the table below. Each of these Acquisition Notes represents a related-party loan between each respective Series and the Manager. The Acquisition Notes are interest-bearing and are an unsecured obligation of the applicable Series.

In January 2022, each of the following Series entered into a Refinance Note with Lending One, the terms of which are listed in the table below. Each Refinance Note is secured by the Property underlying the respective Series.

On April 15, 2022, in connection with the planned sale of the Property underlying Landa Series 1701 Summerwoods, located at 1701 Summerwoods Lane, Griffin, GA 30224, and the Property underlying Landa Series 1741 Park Lane, located at 1741 Park Lane, Griffin, GA 30224, each Series paid the holders of such Series a final distribution, based on such holder’s percentage ownership in such Series.

Impact of Coronavirus Pandemic

The international spread of COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. The extent to which this pandemic could continue to affect our financial condition, liquidity, and results of operations is difficult to predict and depends on evolving factors, including, but not limited to, duration, scope, government actions, and other social responses. Beginning in March 2020, many states in the U.S., including Georgia, where our current Properties are located, implemented stay-at-home and shutdown orders for all “non-essential” business and activity in an aggressive effort to mitigate the spread of COVID-19. These orders have continued to evolve resulting in a full or partial lifting of these restrictions at various points over the past two years. Vaccinations for the COVID-19 virus have been widely distributed among the general U.S. population which has resulted in a loosening of previously mandated restrictions. However, the potential emergence of vaccine-resistant variants of COVID-19 could trigger restrictions to be put back in place. Such restrictions may include mandatory business shut-downs, reduced business operations and social distancing requirements.

The pandemic’s duration and severity and the extent of the adverse health impact on the general population and on the local population where our Properties are and will be located are unknown. These, among other items, will likely impact the economy, the unemployment rate and our operations, and could materially affect our future combined results of operations, financial condition, liquidity, investments and overall performance. In addition, our business may be affected by our ability to hire and/or maintain adequate staffing and by disruption in the supply chain for building, construction and related goods and materials. For more information, please see the section entitled “Risk Factors – The COVID-19 pandemic may adversely affect our business” of our Offering Circular, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Revenues

Revenues are generated at the Series level. Each Series generates revenue through rental income earned from its underlying Property. Our total revenue for all Series in the aggregate increased by $44,528, or 131%, to $78,454 for the year ended December 31, 2021 from $33,926 for the period from May 19, 2020 (Inception) to December 31, 2020.

Operating Expenses

The Operating Expenses incurred by each Series prior to such Series acquiring title to its underlying Property from Landa Properties are paid by the Manager. For more information about the operating expenses of the Series and the Properties, please see “Description of our Business – Operating Expenses” of our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Each Series is responsible for its own Operating Expenses once it acquires title to its underlying Property.

For the year ended December 31, 2021 and for the period from May 19, 2020 (Inception) to December 31, 2020, the Series in the aggregate incurred $77,917 and $43,831, respectively, in Operating Expenses (on a total combined basis).

The following table summarizes the Operating Expenses by category:

The following table summarizes the Operating Expenses for each Series:

Net Income/(Loss)

As a result of the cumulative effect of the foregoing factors, we generated aggregate net losses of $(1,916) and $(10,586) for the year ended December 31, 2021 and for the period from May 19, 2020 (Inception) through December 31, 2020, respectively.

The following table summarizes net loss by each Series:

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company did not commence its operations prior to the qualification of its initial Offering Statement. In addition, no Series commences its operations prior to the qualification of an offering statement (or amendment) in which the Series is included and the transfer of title of each of the Properties from Landa Properties to the applicable Series. Once a Series commences its planned principal operations, it will incur significant additional expenses. Until such time as a Series has the capacity to generate cash flows from operations, it may seek additional capital, including from the Manager.

Cash Balances

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the Company itself had no cash or cash equivalents on hand. On a total combined basis, as of December 31, 2021, the Series, in the aggregate, had $79,897 on hand, as compared to $18,432 on hand as of December 31, 2020.

The following table summarizes the cash and cash equivalents by Series:

Loans

Acquisition Notes

Each Series financed 100% of the costs associated with the acquisition of its Property, including an acquisition fee and expenses associated with sourcing its Property, with an Acquisition Note issued by such Series to the Manager, the terms of which are listed in the table below. Each of these Acquisition Notes represents a related-party loan between each respective Series and the Manager. The Acquisition Notes are non-interest-bearing and are an unsecured obligation of the applicable Series.

Refinance Notes

Each Series paid down, or otherwise discharged, a portion of the outstanding balance of its Acquisition Note with the proceeds from a Refinance Note issued by such Series to the Manager, the terms of which are listed in the table below. Each of these Refinance Notes represents a related-party loan between each respective Series and the Manager. The Refinance Notes are interest-bearing and are an unsecured obligation of the applicable Series.

Plan of Operations

We plan to launch an as of yet undetermined number of additional Series and related offerings in the next twelve (12) months with properties that we acquire from our affiliates, including Landa Properties. The proceeds from any additional offerings closed during the next twelve (12) months will be used for, among other things, the acquisition of properties by the Series conducting the offerings. No investor in any Series will, by virtue of its interest in such Series, including its underlying Property, have any interest in, or rights to acquire an interest in, any other Series.

While each Series intends to hold its Property indefinitely, as each Property reaches what the Manager believes to be its optimum value, the Manager may consider disposing of such Property. Please see “Business – Our Manager – Disposition Policies” for more information about our disposition policy with respect to the Properties.

We expect that the rental income earned from each Series’ Property will satisfy each Series’ cash requirements. Each Series may seek additional capital in the form of debt financing from other financing sources to satisfy any additional cash requirements, including a related-party loan between each Series and the Manager.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

Neither the Company nor any of the Series had during the periods presented, and does not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Manager to make assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported, including the notes thereto, and related disclosures of commitments and contingencies, if any. We have identified certain accounting policies that are significant to the preparation of our financial statements. These accounting policies are important for an understanding of our financial condition and results of operations. Critical accounting policies are those that are most important to the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require management’s difficult, subjective or complex judgment, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain and may change in subsequent periods. Certain accounting estimates are particularly sensitive because of their significance to financial statements and because of the possibility that future events affecting the estimate may differ significantly from management’s current judgments. We believe the following critical accounting policies involve the most significant estimates and judgments used in the preparation of our financial statements.

Revenue Recognition

The Company adopted ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and its related amendments, effective July 10, 2020.

We determine revenue recognition through the following steps:

Operating Expenses

If the Operating Expenses exceed the amount of revenues generated from a Series and cannot be covered by any Reserves of such Series, the Manager may (a) pay such Operating Expenses and seek reimbursement and/or (b) loan the amount of the Operating Expenses to the applicable Series and be entitled to reimbursement of such amount from future revenues generated by such Series. In the case that the Manager provides a loan to a Series, the Series will be obligated to pay interest on that loan at a rate to be determined solely by the Manager, but which will be no greater than seven percent (7%).

Fees to the Manager

Monthly Management Fee: Each Series pays the Manager a monthly management fee ranging from five percent (5%) to ten percent (10%) of Gross Monthly Rent for each Property.

Acquisition Fee: The Acquisition Notes issued by each Series to the Manager in connection with the acquisition of its Property included amounts attributable to an acquisition fee due to the Manager ranging from five percent (5%) to ten percent (10%) of the purchase price of the Property

Property Diligence Expenses: The Acquisition Notes issued by each Series to the Manager in connection with the acquisition of its Property included amounts attributable to any and all fees, costs and expenses incurred in connection with the evaluation, discovery, and investigation of such Property incurred prior to such acquisition, including legal fees associated with the title insurance, appraisal costs and inspection costs, and any other expenses associated with the acquisition of a Property.

Brokerage Fee: The broker of record for each Offering is expected to receive a brokerage fee equal to one percent (1%) of the amount raised from investors through each Series’ Offering. We comply with the requirements of FASB ASC 340-10-S99-1 with regards to offering costs. Prior to the completion of a Series’ Offering, offering costs are capitalized. The deferred offering costs are charged to members’ equity upon the completion of an Offering or to expense if the Offering is not completed.

Administrative Costs: In accordance with FASB ASC 720, administrative costs, including accounting fees and legal fees, are expensed as incurred. See “Item 1. Business—Operating Expenses” for additional information.

For more information about the fees payable to the Manager, please see “Description of our Business – Our Manager – Manager Compensation” of our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

FASB guidance specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect market assumptions. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:

Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 1 primarily consists of financial instruments whose value is based on quoted market prices such as exchange-traded instruments and listed equities.

Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly (e.g., quoted prices of similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active).

Level 3 - Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Financial instruments are considered Level 3 when their fair values are determined using pricing models, discounted cash flows or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable.

The carrying amounts reported in the balance sheets approximate their fair value.

Earnings (Loss) / Income per Membership Interest

Upon completion of an Offering, each Series intends to comply with accounting and disclosure requirements of ASC Topic 260, Earnings per Share. For each Series, earnings (loss) / income per interest will be computed by dividing net (loss) / income for a particular Series by the weighted average number of outstanding interests in that particular Series during the year.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). This ASU requires a lessee to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability under most operating leases in its balance sheet. The ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We are continuing to evaluate the impact of this new standard on our financial reporting and disclosures.

We do not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards could have a material effect on the accompanying combined financial statements. As new accounting pronouncements are issued, we will adopt those that are applicable under the circumstances.

Item 3. Directors and Officers

Directors, Executive Officers and Significant Employees of the Company

Neither the Company, nor any Series, has any directors, executive officers, or employees, and we do not expect the Company or any Series to appoint or hire any directors, executive officers, or employees.

There are no family relationships between any director, executive officer or significant employee of the Manager.

Directors and Executive Officers

Yishai Cohen, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and President. Mr. Cohen is the co-founder of Landa Holdings, Inc. and has served as its President and Chairman of the Board since September 2019, and its Chief Executive Officer since April 2020. Prior to founding Landa Holdings, Inc., Mr. Cohen was the founder of SmartBus, an Israeli-based business-to-business transportation platform, which was acquired in 2016. Mr. Cohen has extensive experience in internet and mobile products, marketplaces and technology.

Amit Assaraf, Chief Technology Officer and Director. Mr. Assaraf is the co-founder of Landa Holdings, Inc. and has served as its Chief Technology Officer and member of the Board of Landa Holdings, Inc. since September 2019. Mr. Assaraf has over 10 years of experience in software engineering and system architecture, specializes in consumer products and cyber security. Prior to co-founding Landa Holdings, Inc., Mr. Assaraf served as a technical lead of several high-tech companies, including Landbridge Ltd., Helpi Ltd., Genesis Labs Ltd., and CityPark Ltd. Mr. Assaraf is a graduate of the Elite Intelligence Unit 8200 of the Israeli Defense Forces.

Non-Employee Directors

Arnon Dinur, Director. Mr. Dinur has served as a member of the Board of Landa Holdings, Inc. since September 2019. Mr. Dinur is a partner at 83North, and serves also as a director at Applicaster Ltd., Beach Bum Ltd., Lendbuzz, Inc., Marqeta, Inc., Mixtiles Ltd., EX.CO Ltd., Podimo ApS, Snappy App, Inc., Stuff That Works Ltd., Superplay Ltd., Terrascope Limited (Fatmap) and VIA Transportation, Inc. He also serves as a board observer at Bluevine Capital Inc. and Wolt Enterprises Oy. Mr. Dinur is also a board member at Lobby99, a non-profit organization. Mr. Dinur holds a LL.B. in Law and a BA in accounting from Tel Aviv University, and an MBA from the University of Texas at Austin.

Gigi Levy-Weiss, Director. Mr. Levy-Weiss has served as a member of the Board of Landa Holdings, Inc. since September 2019. Mr. Levy-Weiss is the founding partner of NFX, a $275 million leading seed venture firm. Prior to NFX, Gigi served as the CEO of 888 Holdings, PLC (LSE: 888.L). Mr. Levy-Weiss previously founded, and assumed senior positions at, a number of startups including Playtika and Inception, and has been an investor in companies such as Kenshoo, Moon Active, Plarium, MyHeritage, Optimove, Selina, Houseparty, R2Net, SimilarWeb, NanoRep, Replay Technology, and SpaceApe. Mr. Levy-Weiss currently serves on the Supervisory Board of Bertelsmann SE & Co. KGaA and on the Client Advisory Council of Facebook. In addition, Mr. Levy-Weiss is a member of the board of directors of the Middle East Entrepreneurs of Tomorrow and is a member of the advisory board of the Technology Management, Innovation and Entrepreneurship MBA at Tel Aviv University. Mr. Levy-Weiss served as a pilot in the Israeli Air Force and holds an MBA from the Kellogg School of Management at Northwestern University.

Yaniv Sarig, Director. Mr. Sarig has served as a member of the Board of Landa Holdings, Inc. since September 2019. Mr. Sarig is a co-founder, director and President and Chief Executive Officer of Mohawk Group, Inc. Prior to co-founding Mohawk, Mr. Sarig led the Financial Services Engineering department at Coverity, a leading software startup providing code quality and security solutions for top financial institutions and hedge funds in New York including NYSE, Nasdaq, JPMC and Barclays, from April 2012 to April 2014. Before joining Coverity, Mr. Sarig held lead technical roles at Bloomberg from October 2011 to April 2012 and EPIQ Systems, Inc. (Nasdaq: EPIQ), a legal process outsourcing company, from February 2006 to October 2011. Prior to moving to New York City, Mr. Sarig lived in Israel where he held various software engineering roles at startups from various industries including companies involved in digital printing solutions and military navigation systems. Mr. Sarig served in the IDF Special Forces where he obtained the rank of Sergeant First Class and holds a BS in Computer Science from Touro College.

Compensation of Executive Officers

Neither the Company, nor any Series has any executive officers or employees, nor does the Company or any Series currently intend to hire any executive officers or employees who will be compensated directly by us. Each of the executive officers of our Manager manages our day-to-day affairs; oversees the review, selection and recommendation of investment opportunities; services acquired investments; and monitors the performance of these investments to ensure that they are consistent with our investment objectives. Each of these individuals receives compensation for his or her services, including services performed for us on behalf of our Manager, from our manager. Although each Series indirectly bears some of the costs of the compensation paid to these individuals, through the monthly management fee that each Series pays to the Manager, we do not intend to pay any compensation directly to these individuals.

Compensation of our Manager

For information regarding the compensation of our Manager, please see “Description of our Business – Manager Compensation” in our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 4. Security Ownership of Management and Certain Securityholders

The Company and each Series are managed by the Manager and do not have directors or executive officers. The Manager is the sole member of the Company and neither the Manager nor any of its directors or executive officers own Shares in any of the Series.

Item 5. Interest of Management and Others in Certain Transactions Other Information

We are subject to various conflicts of interest arising out of our relationship with the Manager and its affiliates.

Please see “Interest of Management and Others in Certain Transactions Other Information” in our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference .

Transactions

Property Acquisitions

Each Series previously issued an Acquisition Note to the Manager in connection with the acquisition of its property.

The acquisitions of the Properties by the Series were not, or will not be, arm’s length transactions. Each Series treated, or will treat, its acquisition as a transaction between entities under common control per Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 805-50 and recorded, or will record, the transaction at its carryover basis.

Nevertheless, Landa Properties acquired each Property for either the same purchase price that each Series paid for such Property or the most recent appraisal value or broker price opinion, as applicable, for such Property.

For more information on the purchase prices of the Properties, please see “Use of Proceeds” in our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Loans

Acquisition Notes

Each Series financed 100% of the costs associated with the acquisition of its Property, including an acquisition fee and expenses associated with sourcing its Property, with an Acquisition Note issued by such Series to the Manager.

Refinance Notes

Each Series paid down, or otherwise discharged, a portion of the outstanding balance of its Acquisition Note with the proceeds from a Refinance Note issued to the Manager.

See Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Loans for information related to each of the Acquisition Notes and Refinance Notes issued to the Manager.

Our Affiliates’ Interests

General

The Manager also serves as manager to Landa App 2 LLC, a Delaware series limited liability company also formed for the purpose of offering a unique investment opportunity for eligible investors to benefit from the performance of curated and fully managed rental real estate properties. Each series of Landa App 2 LLC is similarly managed by the Manager. The Manager may also manage other affiliate companies in the future.

The executive officers of the Manager will also manage operations for each Series. These persons will have legal obligations with respect to those entities that are similar to their obligations to the Company. In the future, however, these persons and other affiliates of the Manager may organize other real estate-related programs and acquire for their own accounts real estate properties that may be suitable for us.

In addition, each of the Manager’s executive officers will also provide executive and management services to other affiliated entities. As a result, they will owe duties to each of these entities, their holders, members and partners. These duties may from time-to-time conflict with the duties that they owe to the Company and each Series. These persons will also have conflicts of interest with respect to our agreements and arrangements with the Manager and other affiliates of the Manager, which were not negotiated at arm’s length, and their terms may not have been as favorable to us as if they had been negotiated at arm’s length with an unaffiliated third party. Except as provided in the Master Agreement or the applicable Management Agreement, the Manager is not required to make available any particular individual personnel to us or any Series.

The Manager’s executive officers will not be required to devote a specific amount of time to our affairs. As a result, we cannot provide any assurances regarding the amount of time the Manager will dedicate to the management of our business. Accordingly, we may compete with the Manager and any of its current and future programs, funds, vehicles, managed accounts, ventures or other entities owned and/or managed by the Manager or one of its affiliates, including the Manager, which we refer to collectively as the Manager-sponsored vehicles, for the time and attention of these officers in connection with our business. We may not receive the level of support and assistance that we might otherwise receive if we were internally managed.

For more information related to the risks associated with the Manager’s management of our affiliates who operate competing businesses, please see the section entitled “Risk Factors—Risk Related to the Company and the Manager–The Manager may have a conflict of interest as it manages multiple Series, the Company, and an affiliate company of ours that leases residential properties and has a financial interest in certain agreements of the Series, any of which could result in the Manager not acting in the best interest of a particular Series” of our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Payment of Certain Fees and Expenses of the Manager

Each Series pays or reimburses the Manager for fees and expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with its management of the Series and the Properties, including, but not limited to, any ongoing expense of the Series or the Property that is paid by the Manager, expenses in connection with the special servicing of the non-performing Properties and the liquidation of the Properties, and, if applicable, interest payments on related-party loans for operations, issued by the Manager to a Series. These fees and expenses payable by the Series to the Manager and its affiliates were not determined on an arm’s length basis.

Please see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Other Fees to the Manager” for more information about the fees and expenses payable to the Manager. See also “Interest of Management and Others in Certain Transactions Other Information” in our Offering Circular, which can be found here and is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 6. Other Information

None.

Item 7. Financial Statements

INDEX TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Members and Manager of

Landa App LLC

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying combined balance sheets of Landa App LLC in total and for each series of Landa App LLC (collectively the “Series”): Landa Series 1394 Oakview Circle, Landa Series 1701 Summerwoods Lane, Landa Series 1741 Park Lane, Landa Series 115 Sardis Street, Landa Series 209 Timber Wolf Trail, Landa Series 2505 Oak Circle, Landa Series 271 Timber Wolf Trail, and Landa Series 29 Holly Grove Road, (collectively the “Company”) as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, the related combined statements of operations, changes in members’ equity and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 for Landa App LLC and for the period May 19, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020 for the Series, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “financial statements”). In our opinion, the financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2021 and 2020, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 for Landa App LLC and for the period May 19, 2020 (inception) to December 31, 2020 for the Series, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

Explanatory Paragraph – Going Concern

The accompanying combined financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1, Landa App LLC has not commenced planned principal operations and has not generated revenues or profits from inception. Once Landa App LLC commences its planned principal operations it will incur significant additional expenses and be dependent upon additional capital resources. In addition, each Series commenced operations and has incurred losses and is dependent upon additional capital resources. These conditions raise substantial doubt about Landa App LLC and each Series’ ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB and in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, audits of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ Marcum llp

Marcum llp

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2020.

New York, NY

April 29, 2022

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these combined financial statements.

See accompanying notes, which are an integral part of these combined financial statements.