ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Samsara has a limited operating history, has incurred significant operating losses since its inception and expects to incur significant losses for the foreseeable future. Samsara may never generate significant revenue or become profitable or, if Samsara achieves profitability, it may not be able to sustain it.

Samsara has a limited operating history and has generated limited revenues to date. Samsara is dependent upon additional capital resources for the continuation of its planned principal operations, which are subject to significant risks and uncertainties, including failing to secure funding to expand commercialization of its products or failing to profitably operate the business.

Samsara has incurred significant operating losses since its inception. Samsara’s net losses were $2,239,000 and $3,817,000 for the years ended December 31, 2022, and December 31, 2021, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, Samsara had an accumulated deficit of $12,433,000. Substantially all of Samsara’s losses have resulted from expenses incurred in connection with its research and development programs and from general and administrative costs associated with Samsara’s operations. Samsara expects to continue to incur losses for the foreseeable future and anticipates these losses will increase substantially as Samsara continues to develop and commercialize its products.

To become and remain profitable, Samsara must succeed in developing and commercializing products that generate significant revenue. This will require Samsara to be successful in a range of challenging activities, including manufacturing, and marketing and selling products. Samsara may never succeed in these activities and, even if it does, may never generate revenues that are significant enough to achieve profitability. In addition, Samsara has not yet demonstrated an ability to successfully overcome many of the risks and uncertainties frequently encountered by companies in new and rapidly evolving fields. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with smart luggage product development, Samsara is unable to accurately predict the timing or amount of increased expenses or when, or if, Samsara will be able to achieve profitability. Even if Samsara does achieve profitability, it may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis. Samsara’s failure to become and remain profitable would depress the value of Samsara and could impair its ability to raise capital, expand its business, maintain its research and development efforts, diversify its product candidates or even continue its operations. A decline in the value of Samsara could also cause stockholders to lose all or part of their investment.

The report of Samsara’s independent registered public accounting firm expresses substantial doubt about the ability of Samsara to continue as a going concern.

Samsara’s independent registered public accounting firm indicated in its report on Samsara’s financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2022, that conditions exist that raise substantial doubt about Samsara’s ability to continue as a “going concern.” A going concern paragraph included in Samsara’s independent registered public accounting firm’s report on its consolidated financial statements could impair investor perceptions and Samsara’s ability to finance its operations through the sale of equity, incurring debt, or other financing alternatives. Samsara’s ability to continue as a going concern will depend upon many factors beyond Samsara’s control including the availability and terms of future funding. If Samsara is unable to achieve its goals and raise the necessary funds to finance its operations, its business would be jeopardized, and Samsara may not be able to continue.

Samsara will require substantial additional financing to achieve its goals, and a failure to obtain this necessary capital when needed and on acceptable terms, or at all, could force Samsara to delay, limit, reduce or terminate its product development programs, commercialization efforts or other operations.

Samsara expects its expenses to increase in connection with its ongoing activities. Samsara also expects to incur significant commercialization expenses related to product manufacturing, marketing, sales and distribution. Samsara cannot reasonably estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully complete the development and commercialization of its products. Samsara will need to obtain substantial additional funding in connection with its continuing operations as a public company. If Samsara is unable to raise capital when needed or on attractive terms, Samsara could be forced to delay, reduce or eliminate its research and development programs or any future commercialization efforts.

Samsara has based its estimates on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and Samsara could use its capital resources sooner than it currently expects. Samsara’s operating plans and other demands on its cash resources may change as a result of many factors currently unknown to Samsara, and Samsara may need to seek additional funds sooner than planned, through public or private equity or debt financings or other capital sources, including potentially government funding, collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements. In addition, Samsara may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations even if Samsara believes it has sufficient funds for its current or future operating plans. Attempting to secure additional financing may divert Samsara’s management from its day-to-day activities, which may adversely affect Samsara’s ability to develop its product.

Samsara’s future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including:

In addition, Samsara’s products may not achieve commercial success.

Accordingly, Samsara will need to continue to rely on additional financing to achieve its business objectives. Adequate additional financing may not be available to Samsara on acceptable terms, or at all. In addition, Samsara may seek additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic considerations, even if Samsara believes it has sufficient funds for its current or future operating plans.

Raising additional capital may cause dilution to Samsara’s stockholders, restrict Samsara’s operations or require Samsara to relinquish rights to its technologies or product candidates.

Until such time, if ever, as Samsara can generate substantial product revenues, Samsara expects to finance its cash needs through equity offerings, debt financings or other capital sources, including potentially government funding, collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements. To the extent that Samsara raises additional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, existing stockholders’ ownership interest will be diluted, and the terms of these securities may include liquidation or other preferences that adversely affect stockholders’ rights as a common stockholder. Debt financing and preferred equity financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting Samsara’s ability to take specific actions, such as incurring additional debt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends.

If Samsara raises funds through future collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements, Samsara may have to relinquish valuable rights to its future revenue streams or products, or grant licenses on terms that may not be favorable to Samsara and/or that may reduce the value of Samsara’s common stock.

Samsara’s executives and managerial personnel are critical to our business, and they may not remain with us. 

Samsara’s performance substantially depends on the performance of our management team. The loss of the services of any of Samsara’s executives or managerial personnel could cause us to incur increased operating expenses and divert senior management resources in searching for replacements. We do not have a dedicated Chief Financial Officer, and our other executives have taken on substantially more responsibility for the management of our business and of our financial reporting. These changes in our organization may have a disruptive impact on our ability to implement our strategy and could have a material adverse effect on our business, internal controls, financial condition and results of operations. Management transition inherently causes some loss of institutional knowledge, which can negatively affect strategy and execution. Until we find a Chief Financial Officer, or if we have additional changes to our executives or highly skilled technical and managerial personnel, we may be unable to successfully manage and grow our business, and our results of operations, internal controls and financial condition could suffer as a result. The loss of the services of our executives or other personnel also could harm our reputation.

Risks Relating to Samsara’s Strategy and Industry

Samsara’s success depends on independent contractors to manufacture and supply Samsara with its smart luggage products, and to label, package, and ship these products.

Samsara has retained third party manufacturers to manufacture and supply Samsara with its smart luggage products. Samsara relies on independent contractors for the supply of its smart luggage products and for the labeling, packaging, and shipping of these products. Samsara may not be successful in developing relationships with these independent contractors. In addition, these third party contractors may not dedicate sufficient resources or give sufficient priority to satisfying Samsara’s requirements or needs. There is limited history upon which to base any assumption as to the likelihood that Samsara will prove successful in selecting qualified third party independent contractors or in negotiating any agreements with them. If Samsara is unsuccessful in addressing these risks, its results of operations could be adversely affected.

Samsara does not have long term commitments from suppliers and other independent contractors.

Samsara may experience shortages of supplies and inventory because Samsara orders goods and services via purchase orders and has not signed long-term contracts with its suppliers. Samsara currently utilizes the services of two manufacturers in China, one for the manufacture of the suitcase and the other for the manufacture of the smart unit. In addition, Samsara utilizes the services of two contractors, one in China and one in the United States, for the provision of order fulfillment services. Samsara’s success is dependent on Samsara’s ability to timely provide its customers with Samsara’s smart luggage products. Although Samsara directly markets these products, Samsara is dependent on its suppliers and other independent contractors for the manufacture and supply of Samsara’s smart luggage products and for the labeling, packaging, and shipment of these products. No assurance can be given that Samsara will enter into agreements with other suppliers for the supply of its smart luggage products at acceptable levels of quality and price, or with other independent contractors who will provide Samsara with order fulfillment services at acceptable levels of quality and price. While Samsara currently has and anticipates continuing to have good relationships with its suppliers and other independent contractors, if Samsara is unable to secure additional sources of supply or order fulfillment services from one or more independent contractors on a timely basis and on acceptable terms, Samsara’s results of operations could be adversely affected.

The selling of smart luggage products is subject to current governmental regulations.

Several aspects of Samsara’s smart luggage products, including its battery, locks and LED lights, are subject to the requirements of federal laws relating to aviation and homeland security, as well as international regulation of electronic devices. Part 15 of the FCC Rules requires operation of electronic equipment not to cause harmful interference and to accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) recommends that only TSA approved locks be used on luggage, to avoid risk of TSA agents breaking the lock for inspection. The European Union requires all electronic devices to comply with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (ROHS) regulations which restricts the use of specific hazardous materials found in electrical and electronic products. BS EN 62471 gives universal best-practice recommendations for the photobiological safety of electric lamps and lighting systems, including LED lights. This standard specifies exposure limits, measurement techniques and classification systems to control photobiological and light hazards. The EU radio equipment directive establishes a regulatory framework for placing radio equipment on the market, setting requirements for safety and health, electromagnetic compatibility, and the efficient use of the radio spectrum.

Additionally, smart luggage products are subject to airline regulations applicable to manufacturing materials, size and weight. While Samsara believes that it is and will be in substantial compliance with the laws and regulations which regulate its business, the failure to comply with any of these laws or regulations, or the imposition of new laws or regulations could negatively impact Samsara’s proposed business.

Samsara faces intense competition and many of its competitors have substantially greater resources than Samsara has.

Samsara operates in a highly competitive environment. In addition, the competition in the market for smart luggage products may intensify. There are numerous well-established companies based in the United States with longer operating histories, significantly greater resources and name recognition, and a larger base of distributors and retailers. In addition, there are smaller entrepreneurial companies who are developing products that will compete with the smart luggage products that Samsara currently sells. As a result, these competitors may have greater credibility with Samsara’s potential customers. They also may be able to adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale of their products. These competitors may make it difficult for Samsara to market and sell its products and compete in the smart luggage market, which could harm Samsara’s business.

Samsara depends on market acceptance of its smart luggage products. If these products do not gain market acceptance, Samsara’s ability to compete will be adversely affected.

Samsara’s success depends in large part on Samsara’s ability to successfully market its smart luggage products. No assurances can be given that Samsara will be able to successfully market its smart luggage products or achieve consumer acceptance. Moreover, failure to successfully commercialize its smart luggage products on a timely and cost-effective basis will have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s ability to compete in its targeted market.

Failure to meet customers’ expectations or deliver expected performance could result in losses and negative publicity, which would harm Samsara’s business.

If the smart luggage products which Samsara sells fail to perform in the manner expected by its customers, then Samsara’s revenues may be delayed or lost due to adverse customer reaction. In addition, negative publicity about Samsara and its products could adversely affect Samsara’s ability to attract or retain customers. Furthermore, disappointed customers may initiate claims for damages against Samsara, regardless of Samsara’s responsibility for their disappointment.

Samsara needs to retain key personnel to support its services and ongoing operations.

The marketing and sale of Samsara’s smart luggage products will continue to place a significant strain on Samsara’s limited personnel, management, and other resources. Samsara’s future success depends upon the continued services of its executive officers and the hiring of key employees and contractors who have critical industry experience and relationships that Samara will need to rely on to implement its business plan. The loss of the services of any of Samsara’s officers or the lack of availability of other skilled personnel would negatively impact Samsara’s ability to market and sell its smart luggage products, which could adversely affect Samsara’s financial results and impair Samsara’s growth.

If Samsara cannot build and maintain strong brand loyalty to its products, its business may suffer.

Samsara believes that the importance of brand recognition will increase as more companies produce smart luggage products. Development and awareness of Samsara’s brand will depend largely on Samsara’s ability to successfully advertise and market its products. If Samsara is unsuccessful, its products may not be able to gain widespread acceptance among consumers. A failure to develop Samsara’s smart luggage products sufficiently could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, results of operations and financial condition.

Samsara may be unable to protect its brand name.

Brand recognition is critical in attracting consumers to Samsara’s products. Samsara has researched the availability of the trademark “Samsara” and have not found any inherent obstacle to registering the trademark with the US patent and trademark office. Nevertheless, if Samsara is unable to trademark its brand name or to adequately protect its trade name against infringement or misappropriation, Samsara’s competitive position in the smart luggage market may be undermined, which could lead to a significant decrease in the volume of products that we sell. Such a result would materially and adversely affect Samsara’s results of operations.

Samsara may incur losses as a result of claims that may be brought against Samsara due to defective products or as a result of product recalls.

While Samsara is not aware of any claims having been brought in connection with Samsara’s smart luggage products, Samsara may be liable if the use of Samsara’s products causes injury, illness, or death. Samsara also may be required to withdraw or recall some of its products if they are damaged or defective. A significant product liability judgment against Samsara or a widespread product withdrawal or recall could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business and financial condition.

If a third party asserts that Samsara’s infringes upon its proprietary rights, Samsara could be required to redesign its products, change suppliers, pay significant royalties, or enter into license agreements.

Although presently Samsara is not aware of any such claims, a third party may assert that Samsara’s smart luggage products violate its intellectual property rights. As the number of smart luggage products increases, infringement claims may become more common. Any claims against Samsara, regardless of their merit, could:

In addition, Samsara’s believes that any successful challenge to its use of a trademark or domain name could substantially diminish Samsara’s ability to conduct business in a particular market or jurisdiction and thus could decrease Samsara’s revenues and/or result in losses to Samsara’s business.

Samsara’s lack of business diversification could result in the loss of your investment if revenues from Samsara’s primary products decrease.

Currently, Samsara’s business is focused on the marketing and sale of smart luggage products. Samsara does not have any other lines of business or other sources of revenue if Samsara is unable to successfully implement its business plan. Samsara’s lack of business diversification could cause you to lose all or some of your investment if Samsara is unable to generate significant revenues by the sale of smart luggage products since Samsara does not have any other lines of business or alternative revenue sources.

Samsara relies on third parties to conduct many of its activities. Any failure by a third-party to conduct these activities and other requirements and in a timely manner may delay or prevent Samsara’s ability to commercialize its products.

Samsara is dependent on third parties to perform certain activities. Specifically, Samsara has used and relied on, and intends to continue to use and rely on, GDF / Ming Hing Industries Development Ltd. and ABO Electronics (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. for the manufacture of its luggage products, and on FBA Sourcing China (DAPIGOO CO LTD) and Preferred Depot for order fulfillment services. While Samsara has signed purchase orders governing the activities of its third-party contractors, Samsara has limited influence over their actual performance. There is no guarantee that any such third parties will devote adequate time and resources to such activities or perform as contractually required. If any of these third parties fail to meet expected deadlines, adhere to Samsara’s requirements, or otherwise performs in a substandard manner, Samsara’s ability to fulfill customer orders for products may be undermined. In addition, many of the third parties with whom Samsara contracts may also have relationships with other commercial entities, including Samsara’s competitors, for whom they may also be conducting development activities that could harm Samsara’s competitive position.

If any of Samsara’s relationships with these third parties terminate, Samsara may not be able to enter into arrangements with alternative third parties or do so on commercially reasonable terms.

In addition, Samsara may be unable to establish any agreements with third-party manufacturers or to do so on acceptable terms. Even if Samsara is able to establish agreements with third-party manufacturers, reliance on third-party manufacturers entails additional risks, including:

Any performance failure on the part of Samsara’s existing or future manufacturers could delay product development, and any related remedial measures may be costly or time consuming to implement. Samsara does not currently have arrangements in place for redundant supply or a second source for all required raw materials used in the manufacture of Samsara’s products. If Samsara’s current third-party manufacturers cannot perform as agreed, Samsara may be required to replace such manufacturers and Samsara may be unable to replace them on a timely basis or at all. Samsara’s current and anticipated future dependence upon others for the manufacture of Samsara’s products may adversely affect Samsara’s future profit margins and Samsara’s ability to commercialize any products on a timely and competitive basis.

Samsara’s reliance on third parties requires Samsara to share its trade secrets, which increases the possibility that Samsara’s trade secrets will be misappropriated or disclosed.

Because Samsara currently relies on third parties to manufacture its products, Samsara must, at times, share its proprietary technology and confidential information, including trade secrets, with them. Samsara seeks to protect its proprietary technology, in part, by entering into confidentiality agreements, consulting agreements or other similar agreements with its advisors, employees, consultants and contractors prior to beginning research or disclosing proprietary information. These agreements typically limit the rights of the third parties to use or disclose Samsara’s confidential information. Despite the contractual provisions employed when working with third parties, the need to share trade secrets and other confidential information increases the risk that such trade secrets may become known by Samsara’s competitors, are intentionally or inadvertently incorporated into the technology of others or are disclosed or used in violation of these agreements. Given that Samsara’s proprietary position is based, in part, on Samsara’s know-how and trade secrets, and despite Samsara’s efforts to protect its trade secrets, a competitor’s discovery of Samsara’s proprietary technology and confidential information or other unauthorized use or disclosure would impair Samsara’s competitive position and may have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

Samsara may seek to enter into collaborations, licenses and other similar arrangements and may not be successful in doing so, and even if Samsara is, it may not realize the benefits of such relationships.

Samsara may seek to enter into collaborations, joint ventures, licenses and other similar arrangements for the development or commercialization of Samsara’s products, due to capital costs required to develop or commercialize the products or manufacturing constraints. Samsara may not be successful in its efforts to establish such collaborations for Samsara’s products. In addition, Samsara faces significant competition in seeking appropriate strategic partners, and the negotiation process can be time consuming and complex. Further, any future collaboration agreements may restrict Samsara from entering into additional agreements with potential collaborators. Samsara cannot be certain that, following a strategic transaction or license, Samsara will achieve an economic benefit that justifies such transaction.

Even if Samsara is successful in its efforts to establish such collaborations, the terms that Samsara agrees upon may not be favorable to Samsara, and Samsara may not be able to maintain such collaborations.

In addition, any potential future collaborations may be terminable by Samsara’s strategic partners, and Samsara may not be able to adequately protect its rights under these agreements. Furthermore, strategic partners may negotiate for certain rights to control decisions regarding the development and commercialization of Samsara’s products, if approved, and may not conduct those activities in the same manner as Samsara would. Any termination of collaborations Samsara enters into in the future, or any delay in entering into collaborations related to Samsara’s products, could delay the development and commercialization of Samsara’s products and reduce their competitiveness if they reach the market, which could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

Samsara currently has a limited marketing and sales organization and has limited experience as a company in commercializing products, and Samsara may have to invest significant resources to develop these capabilities. If Samsara is unable to establish marketing and sales capabilities or enter into agreements with third parties to market and sell its products, Samsara may not be able to generate product revenue.

Samsara has limited internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities. Samsara has limited experience as a company in the marketing, sale and distribution of smart luggage products and there are significant risks involved in building and managing a sales organization, including Samsara’s ability to hire, retain and incentivize qualified individuals, generate sufficient sales leads, provide adequate training to sales and marketing personnel and effectively manage a geographically dispersed sales and marketing team. Any failure or delay in the development of Samsara’s internal sales, marketing and distribution capabilities would adversely impact the commercialization of these products. Samsara may not be able to enter into collaborations or hire consultants or external service providers to assist Samsara in sales, marketing and distribution functions on acceptable financial terms, or at all. In addition, Samsara’s product revenues and its profitability, if any, may be lower if Samsara relies on third parties for these functions than if Samsara were to market, sell and distribute any products that Samsara develops itself. Samsara likely will have little control over such third parties, and any of them may fail to devote the necessary resources and attention to sell and market Samsara’s products effectively. If Samsara is not successful in commercializing its products, either on its own or through arrangements with one or more third parties, Samsara may not be able to generate any future product revenue and Samsara would incur significant additional losses.

Business disruptions could seriously harm Samsara’s future revenue and financial condition and increase its costs and expenses.

Samsara’s operations could be subject to earthquakes, power shortages, telecommunications failures, water shortages, floods, hurricanes, typhoons, fires, extreme weather conditions, medical epidemics and other natural or manmade disasters or business interruptions, for which Samsara is predominantly self-insured. Samsara relies on third- party manufacturers to produce Samsara’s products whose operations may be disrupted by a man-made or natural disaster or other business interruption. The occurrence of any of these business disruptions could seriously harm Samsara’s operations and financial condition and increase its costs and expenses.

Samsara is subject to U.S. and certain foreign export and import controls, sanctions, embargoes, anti-corruption laws and anti-money laundering laws and regulations. Compliance with these legal standards could impair Samsara’s ability to compete in domestic and international markets. Samsara could face criminal liability and other serious consequences for violations, which could harm its business.

Samsara is subject to export control and import laws and regulations, including the U.S. Export Administration Regulations, U.S. Customs regulations, and various economic and trade sanctions regulations administered by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Office of Foreign Assets Controls, and anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws and regulations, including the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977, as amended, the U.S. domestic bribery statute contained in 18 U.S.C. § 201, the U.S. Travel Act, the USA PATRIOT Act, and other state and national anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in the countries in which Samsara conducts activities. Anti-corruption laws are interpreted broadly and prohibit companies and their employees, agents, clinical research organizations, contractors and other collaborators and partners from authorizing, promising, offering, providing, soliciting or receiving, directly or indirectly, improper payments or anything else of value to recipients in the public or private sector. Samsara can be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of its employees, agents, contractors and other collaborators and partners, even if Samsara does not explicitly authorize or have actual knowledge of such activities. Any violations of the laws and regulations described above may result in substantial civil and criminal fines and penalties, imprisonment, the loss of export or import privileges, debarment, tax reassessments, breach of contract and fraud litigation, reputational harm and other consequences.

Samsara may engage in strategic transactions that could impact its liquidity, increase its expenses and present significant distractions to Samsara’s management.

From time to time, Samsara may consider strategic transactions, such as acquisitions of companies, asset purchases and licensing arrangements. Any future transactions could increase Samsara’s near- and long-term expenditures, result in potentially dilutive issuances of Samsara’s equity securities, including its common stock, or the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, amortization expenses or acquired in-process research and development expenses, any of which could affect Samsara’s financial condition, liquidity and results of operations. Additional potential transactions that Samsara may consider in the future include a variety of business arrangements, including spin-offs, strategic partnerships, joint ventures, restructurings, divestitures, business combinations and investments. Future acquisitions may also require Samsara to obtain additional financing, which may not be available on favorable terms or at all. These transactions may never be successful and may require significant time and attention of management. In addition, the integration of any business that Samsara may acquire in the future may disrupt Samsara’s existing business and may be a complex, risky and costly endeavor for which Samsara may never realize the full benefits of the acquisition. Accordingly, although there can be no assurance that Samsara will undertake or successfully complete any additional transactions of the nature described above, any additional transactions that Samsara does complete could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

If Samsara fails to comply with its obligations in the agreements under which it licenses intellectual property rights from third parties, or otherwise experiences disruptions in its business relationships with its licensors, Samsara could lose license rights that are important to its business.

Samsara is a party to several license agreements under which it is granted rights to intellectual property that are important to its business and Samsara may enter into additional license agreements in the future. These license agreements impose, and Samsara expects that any future license agreements where Samsara licenses intellectual property will impose, on Samsara, various development, regulatory and/or commercial diligence obligations, payment of milestones and/or royalties and other obligations. If Samsara fails to comply with its obligations under these agreements, or Samsara is subject to bankruptcy-related proceedings, the licensor may have the right to terminate the license, in which event Samsara would not be able to market products covered by the license.

Samsara may need to obtain licenses from third parties to advance its research or allow commercialization of its products, and Samsara cannot provide any assurances that third-party patents do not exist which might be enforced against Samsara’s products in the absence of such a license. Samsara may fail to obtain any of these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Even if Samsara is able to obtain a license, it may be non-exclusive, thereby giving Samsara’s competitors access to the same technologies licensed to Samsara. In that event, Samsara may be required to expend significant time and resources to develop or license replacement technology. If Samsara is unable to do so, Samsara may be unable to develop or commercialize the affected products, which could materially harm Samsara’s business and the third parties owning such intellectual property rights could seek either an injunction prohibiting Samsara’s sales, or, with respect to Samsara’s sales, an obligation on Samsara’s part to pay royalties and/or other forms of compensation. Licensing of intellectual property is of critical importance to Samsara’s business and involves complex legal, business and scientific issues. Disputes may arise between Samsara and its licensors regarding intellectual property subject to a license agreement, including:

If disputes over intellectual property that Samsara has licensed prevent or impair Samsara’s ability to maintain its current licensing arrangements on acceptable terms, Samsara may not be able to successfully develop and commercialize the affected product candidates, which would have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business.

Samsara’s commercial success depends significantly on its ability to operate without infringing the patents and other proprietary rights of third parties. Claims by third parties that Samsara infringes their proprietary rights may result in liability for damages or prevent or delay Samsara’s developmental and commercialization efforts.

Samsara’s commercial success depends in part on avoiding infringement of the patents and proprietary rights of third parties. However, Samsara’s or its licensee’s research, development and commercialization activities may be subject to claims that Samsara or its licensee infringes or otherwise violates patents or other intellectual property rights owned or controlled by third parties. Other entities may have or obtain patents or proprietary rights that could limit Samsara’s or its licensee’s ability to make, use, sell, offer for sale or import Samsara’s products, or impair Samsara’s competitive position. There is a substantial amount of litigation, both within and outside the United States, involving patent and other intellectual property rights. Numerous third-party U.S. and foreign issued patents and pending patent applications exist in the fields in which Samsara is developing products.

Because patent applications are maintained as confidential for a certain period of time, until the relevant application is published Samsara may be unaware of third-party patents that may be infringed by commercialization of any of Samsara’s products, and Samsara cannot be certain that Samsara was the first to file a patent application related to a product candidate or technology. Moreover, because patent applications can take many years to issue, there may be currently-pending patent applications that may later result in issued patents that Samsara’s products may infringe. In addition, identification of third-party patent rights that may be relevant to Samsara’s technology is difficult because patent searching is imperfect due to differences in terminology among patents, incomplete databases and the difficulty in assessing the meaning of patent claims. In addition, third parties may obtain patents in the future and claim that use of Samsara’s technologies infringes upon these patents. Any claims of patent infringement asserted by third parties would be time consuming and could:

Although no third-party has asserted a claim of patent infringement against Samsara as of the date of this Annual Report, others may hold proprietary rights that could prevent Samsara’s products from being marketed. Any patent-related legal action against Samsara claiming damages and seeking to enjoin activities relating to Samsara’s products could subject Samsara to potential liability for damages, including treble damages if Samsara were determined to have willfully infringed, and require Samsara to obtain a license to manufacture or develop its products. Defense of these claims, regardless of their merit, would involve substantial litigation expense and would be a substantial diversion of employee resources from Samsara’s business. Samsara cannot predict whether it would prevail in any such actions or that any license required under any of these patents would be made available on commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Moreover, even if Samsara or its future strategic partners were able to obtain a license, the rights may be nonexclusive, which could result in Samsara’s competitors gaining access to the same intellectual property. In addition, Samsara cannot be certain that it could redesign its products to avoid infringement, if necessary. Accordingly, an adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding, or the failure to obtain necessary licenses, could prevent Samsara from developing and commercializing its products, which could harm Samsara’s business, financial condition and operating results.

Parties making claims against Samsara may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent litigation more effectively than Samsara can because they have substantially greater resources. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation or administrative proceedings, there is a risk that some of Samsara’s confidential information could be compromised by disclosure. In addition, any uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any litigation could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s ability to raise additional funds or otherwise have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, results of operations, financial condition and prospects.

If Samsara is unable to protect the confidentiality of its trade secrets, its business and competitive position would be harmed.

In addition, Samsara relies on the protection of its trade secrets, including unpatented know-how, technology and other proprietary information to maintain Samsara’s competitive position. Although Samsara has taken steps to protect its trade secrets and unpatented know-how, including entering into confidentiality agreements with third parties, and confidential information and inventions agreements with employees, consultants and advisors, Samsara cannot provide any assurances that all such agreements have been duly executed, and any of these parties may breach the agreements and disclose Samsara’s proprietary information, including its trade secrets, and Samsara may not be able to obtain adequate remedies for such breaches. Enforcing a claim that a party illegally disclosed or misappropriated a trade secret is difficult, expensive and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. In addition, some courts inside and outside the United States are less willing or unwilling to protect trade secrets.

Moreover, third parties may still obtain this information or may come upon this or similar information independently, and Samsara would have no right to prevent them from using that technology or information to compete with Samsara. If any of these events occurs or if Samsara otherwise loses protection for its trade secrets, the value of this information may be greatly reduced and Samsara’s competitive position would be harmed. If Samsara does not apply for patent protection prior to such publication or if Samsara cannot otherwise maintain the confidentiality of its proprietary technology and other confidential information, then Samsara’s ability to obtain patent protection or to protect its trade secret information may be jeopardized.

Risks Related to the Company’s Common Stock

An active, liquid and orderly market for the Company’s common stock may not develop, and you may not be able to resell your common stock at or above the purchase price.

Samsara’s common stock is quoted on the OTCQB. An active trading market for the Company’s common stock has not developed and may never develop or be sustained. The lack of an active market may impair an investor’s ability to sell its shares at the time it wishes to sell them or at a price that it considers reasonable. An inactive market may also impair the Company’s ability to raise capital by selling shares and may impair the Company’s ability to acquire other businesses or technologies using the Company’s shares as consideration, which, in turn, could materially adversely affect the Company’s business.

The trading price of the shares of the Company’s common stock could be highly volatile, and purchasers of the Company’s common stock could incur substantial losses.

The Company’s stock price is likely to be volatile. The stock market in general has experienced extreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. As a result of this volatility, investors may not be able to sell their common stock at or above their purchase price. The market price for the Company’s common stock may be influenced by those factors discussed in this “Risk Factors” section and many others, including:

Samsara’s executive officers and directors control or significantly influence all matters submitted to stockholders for approval.

The Company’s executive officers, directors and greater than 5% stockholders, in the aggregate, own in excess of 80% of the Company’s outstanding common stock. Furthermore, the two directors of Samsara have the ability to control or significantly influence all matters submitted to the Company’s board of directors or stockholders for approval, including the appointment of the Company’s management, the election and removal of directors and approval of any significant transaction, as well as the Company’s management and business affairs. This concentration of ownership may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, impeding a merger, consolidation, takeover or other business combination involving the Company, or discouraging a potential acquiror from making a tender offer or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the Company’s business, even if such a transaction would benefit other stockholders.

Samsara does not currently intend to pay dividends on its common stock, and, consequently, investors’ ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation, if any, in the price of the Company’s common stock.

Samsara has never declared or paid any cash dividend on its common stock. Samsara currently anticipates that it will retain future earnings for the development, operation and expansion of the Company’s business and does not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends for the foreseeable future. Any return to stockholders will therefore be limited to the appreciation of their stock. There is no guarantee that shares of the Company’s common stock will appreciate in value or even maintain the price at which stockholders have purchased their shares.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of the Company’s common stock by the Company’s stockholders in the public market could cause the Company’s stock price to fall.

Sales of a substantial number of shares of the Company’s common stock in the public market or the perception that these sales might occur could significantly reduce the market price of the Company’s common stock and impair the Company’s ability to raise adequate capital through the sale of additional equity securities.

Samsara must incur significant increased costs as a result of operating as a public company, and its management will be required to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives compared to that which they devoted as the management of a private company.

As a public company, Samsara must incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses. Samsara is subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act, which will require, among other things, that Samsara file with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to its business and financial condition. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”), as well as rules subsequently adopted by the SEC to implement provisions of Sarbanes-Oxley, impose significant requirements on public companies, including requiring establishment and maintenance of effective disclosure and financial controls and changes in corporate governance practices. Further, pursuant to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act of 2010, the SEC has adopted additional rules and regulations in these areas, such as mandatory “say on pay” voting requirements that now apply to Samsara. Stockholder activism, the current political environment and the current high level of government intervention and regulatory reform may lead to substantial new regulations and disclosure obligations, which may lead to additional compliance costs and impact the manner in which Samsara operates its business in ways Samsara cannot currently anticipate.

Samsara expects the rules and regulations applicable to public companies to substantially increase Samsara’s legal and financial compliance costs compared to those of the Target prior to the Merger, and to make some activities more time consuming and costly. If these requirements divert the attention of Samsara’s management and personnel from other business concerns, they could have a material adverse effect on Samsara’s business, financial condition and results of operations. The increased costs may increase Samsara’s net loss, and may require Samsara to reduce costs in other areas of its business or increase the prices of its products or services. For example, Samsara expects these rules and regulations to make it more difficult and more expensive for Samsara to obtain director and officer liability insurance, and Samsara may be required to incur substantial costs to maintain the same or similar coverage. Samsara cannot predict or estimate the amount or timing of additional costs Samsara may incur to respond to these requirements. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult for Samsara to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on its board of directors, its board committees or as executive officers.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports or publish unfavorable research or reports about the Company’s business, the Company’s stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for the Company’s common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about the Company, its business, its market or its competitors. Samsara does not currently have and may never obtain research coverage by securities and industry analysts. If no securities or industry analysts commence coverage of the Company, the trading price for the Company’s stock would be negatively impacted. In the event the Company obtains securities or industry analyst coverage, if one or more of the analysts who covers the Company downgrades its stock, the Company’s stock price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts ceases to cover the Company or fails to regularly publish reports on the Company, interest in the Company’s stock could decrease, which could cause the Company’s stock price or trading volume to decline.

If the Company fails to maintain proper and effective internal control over financial reporting, the Company’s ability to produce accurate and timely financial statements could be impaired, investors may lose confidence in the Company’s financial reporting and the trading price of the Company’s common stock may decline.

Pursuant to Section 404 of Sarbanes-Oxley, the Company’s management is required to report upon the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Additionally, if the Company reaches an accelerated filer threshold, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm will be required to attest to the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. The rules governing the standards that must be met for management to assess the Company’s internal control over financial reporting are complex and require significant documentation, testing and possible remediation. To comply with the requirements of being a reporting company under the Exchange Act, the Company will need to upgrade its information technology systems; implement additional financial and management controls, reporting systems and procedures; and hire additional accounting and finance staff. If the Company or, if required, its auditors are unable to conclude that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, investors may lose confidence in the Company’s financial reporting and the trading price of the Company’s common stock may decline.

The Company cannot assure its investors that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting in the future. Any failure to maintain internal control over financial reporting could severely inhibit the Company’s ability to accurately report its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. If the Company is unable to conclude that its internal control over financial reporting is effective, or if the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm determines the Company has a material weakness or significant deficiency in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting once that firm begin its Section 404 reviews, investors may lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of the Company’s financial reports, the market price of the Company’s common stock could decline, and the Company could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict the Company’s future access to the capital markets.