As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 11, 2013
Registration No. 333-187164


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_____________________

AMENDMENT NO. 3
TO
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
_____________________
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
 
Delaware
2080
46-1561499
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
(Primary Standard Industrial
Classification Code Number)
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)

5610 Dry Creek Road
Healdsburg, CA 95448
(707) 433-9545
(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)
 
Phillip L. Hurst
President and Chief Executive Officer
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
5610 Dry Creek Road
Healdsburg, CA 95448
(707) 433-9545
 
 (Name, Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Agent For Service)
Copies to:
Anna T. Pinedo, Esq.
James R. Tanenbaum, Esq.
Morrison & Foerster LLP
1290 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10104
Tel: (212) 468-8000
 
Michael A. Hedge, Esq.
Gary J. Kocher, Esq.
K&L Gates LLP
925 Fourth Avenue, Suite 2900
Seattle, Washington 98104
Tel: (206) 623-7580

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
 
If any of the securities being registered on this form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.   o
 
If this form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   o
 
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   o
 
If this form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large accelerated filer  o
Accelerated filer     o
Non-accelerated filer     o    (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)  Smaller reporting company      x
 
The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
 


 
 

 
 
EXPLANATORY NOTE

The sole purpose of this Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-187164) is to file certain exhibits to the registration statement as indicated in Item 16(a) of Part II of this amendment.  No change is made to Part I or Items 13, 14, 15 or 17 of Part II of the registration statement and those items have therefore been omitted.  Accordingly, this amendment consists only of the facing page, this explanatory note, Item 16(a) of Part II, the signature page of the registration statement and the exhibits filed herewith.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules .
 
(a) Exhibits
 
1.1
Form of Placement Agency Agreement++
1.2 Form of Escrow Agreement
3.1
Form of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Truett-Hurst, Inc.
3.2
Form of Bylaws of Truett-Hurst, Inc.
3.3
Articles of Organization of H.D.D. LLC+
3.4
Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of H.D.D. LLC
4.1
Form of Class A common stock certificate
4.2
Form of Class B common stock certificate
5.1
Opinion of Morrison & Foerster LLP
10.1
Wine Supply Agreement by and between H.D.D. LLC and Robert Hall Winery, dated March 10, 2012+
10.2
Member Interest Purchase Agreement by and between Brandon Stauber and H.D.D. LLC, dated August 1, 2012++
10.3
Loan and Security Agreement by and between H.D.D. LLC and Bank of the West, dated July 16, 2012+
10.4
Security Agreement (Trademark) by and between H.D.D. LLC and Bank of the West, dated July 16, 2012+
10.5
Deed of Trust, Security Agreement, Assignment of Leases, Rents, and Profits, and Fixture Filing by and between H.D.D. LLC and First Santa Clara Corporation for the use and benefit of Bank of the West, dated July 16, 2012++
10.6
Line of Credit Note, in the principal amount of $9,000,000, dated July 16, 2012+
10.7
Term Note, in the principal amount of $3,381,000, dated July 16, 2012+
10.8
Equipment Purchase Line of Credit Note, in the principal amount of $300,000, dated July 16, 2012+
10.9
Modification Agreement, by and between H.D.D. LLC and Bank of the West, dated October 3, 2012+
10.10
Foreign Exchange Note, in the principal amount of $100,000, dated July 16, 2012+
10.11
Master Equipment Financing Agreement by and between H.D.D. LLC and Bank of the West, dated October 2, 2012++
10.12
Agreement by and between H.D.D. LLC and West Coast Paper Company, dated August 24, 2012++
10.13
Lease by and between H.D.D. LLC and Hambrecht Wine Group L.P., dated February 8, 2011++
10.14
2012 Stock Incentive Plan+
10.15
Form of Exchange Agreement++
10.16
Form of Tax Receivable Agreement++
10.17
Form of Registration Rights Agreement+++
10.18
Supply of Goods Agreement by and between H.D.D. LLC and GreenBottle Limited, dated February 26, 2013+
10.19
Convertible Promissory Note, payable to the Carroll-Obremskey Trust, in the principal amount of $150,000, dated March 1, 2013+
10.20
Convertible Promissory Note, payable to the Hurst Trust, in the principal amount of $150,000, dated March 1, 2013+
10.21
Convertible Promissory Note, payable to the Dolan 2003 Trust, in the principal amount of $25,000, dated March 1, 2013+
10.22
Convertible Promissory Note, payable to the Dolan 2005 Trust, in the principal amount of $25,000, dated March 1, 2013+
10.23 
Agreement, by and between Truett-Hurst, Inc. and the Carroll-Obremskey Trust, dated March 26, 2013++
14
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics+++
21
Subsidiaries of the Registrant++
23.1
Consent of Burr Pilger Mayer, Inc., Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for Truett-Hurst, Inc.+++
23.2 
Consent of Burr Pilger Mayer, Inc., Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for H.D.D. LLC+++
23.3
Consent of Morrison & Foerster LLP**
24 
Power of Attorney+

__________________________
*To be filed by amendment
**Contained in Exhibit 5.1
+ Previously filed with Form S-1 filed March 11, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference
++Previously filed with Form S-1/A filed March 27, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference
+++Previously filed with Form S-1/A filed April 3, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference
 
 
(b) Financial Statement Schedules
 
Schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.
 
 
 

 
 
Signatures
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, we have duly caused this Amendment No. 3 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Healdsburg, State of California, on the 11 th day of April, 2013.
     
     TRUETT-HURST, INC.  
       
 
 
/s/ Phillip L. Hurst
 
   
Phillip L. Hurst
Chief Executive Officer
 
       
       
 
Signature
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Phillip L. Hurst
 
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman
 
April 11, 2013
Phillip L. Hurst   (Principal Executive Officer)    
         
/s/ James D. Bielenberg
  Chief Financial Officer  
April 11, 2013
James D. Bielenberg   (Principal Financial Officer and    
 
 
 
Principal Accounting Officer)
   
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
Paul E. Dolan, III        
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
Barrie Graham        
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
William R. Hambrecht        
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
Daniel A. Carroll        
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
Heath E. Dolan        
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
John D. Fruth
       
         
*
 
Director
 
April 11, 2013
James F. Verhey
       
 
*By:  
/s/ Phillip L. Hurst
   
 
  Phillip L. Hurst      
  Attorney-in-Fact       
 

Exhibit 1.2
 
ESCROW AGREEMENT
 
This Escrow Agreement (“Escrow Agreement”), dated as of April [  ], 2013, is entered into, by and among Truett-Hurst, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC, as representative for the placement agents party to that certain Placement Agency Agreement dated as of the date hereof (the “Placement Agents”), the undersigned selling stockholders (the “Selling Stockholders”) and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC a financial institution chartered under the laws of the State of New York (the “Escrow Agent”).
 
WHEREAS, the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents have entered into the Placement Agency Agreement dated as of the date hereof, pursuant to which the Company and the Selling Stockholders propose to issue and sell up to 2,902,557 shares of Class A common stock, par value $0.001, of the Company (the “Shares”), to certain investors (the “Investors”);
 
WHEREAS, the Company has filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-187164) (which, together with all amendments or supplements thereto, is referred to herein as the “Registration Statement”);
 
WHEREAS, the Placement Agents propose to offer the Shares to the Investors on behalf of the Company and the Selling Stockholders and to receive subscriptions from such Investors for the total number of Shares being offered;
 
WHEREAS, with respect to all subscription payments received from subscribers (the “Subscription Payments”) , the parties propose to establish an escrow account with the Escrow Agent at the office of its escrow administration, American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, 6201 15 th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11219; and
 
WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to establish the terms and conditions pursuant to which the escrow account will be established and maintained.
 
NOW THEREFORE, it is agreed as follows:
 
1.              Appointment of Agent and Establishment of Escrow .  The Company and the Selling Stockholders hereby appoint the Escrow Agent as escrow agent and the Escrow Agent hereby accepts such appointment, each in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth herein.  The Escrow Agent hereby agrees to establish a non-interest bearing trust account pursuant to Rule 15c2-4 promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Escrow Account”), for the Subscription Payments received and to receive and disburse the proceeds from such Subscription Payments in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Escrow Agreement.
 
2.              Delivery of Subscription Proceeds.    The Escrow Agent is hereby empowered on behalf of the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents to endorse and collect all wire funds transfers received evidencing the Subscription Payments of the subscribers, which will be made payable to “American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Escrow Agent for Truett-Hurst, Inc.,” delivered in payment for the Shares (the “Escrowed Property”). The Escrow Agent, upon receipt of funds from the Placement Agents, on behalf of the Investors, or the Investors, shall credit such funds to the Escrow Account.
 
 
 

 
 
3.              List of Subscribers .  The Placement Agents shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the Escrow Agent and the Company, at the time of each receipt of funds pursuant to Section 2 hereof, a list, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, containing the name, the address, the number of Shares subscribed for, the Subscription Payment delivered to the Escrow Agent, and the social security or certified taxpayer identification number, if applicable, of each subscriber whose funds have been received (the “Subscriber List”).
 
4.              Agent to Hold and Disburse Funds.   The Escrow Agent will hold in a segregated account established for the benefit of the Company and the Selling Stockholders and  will disburse all funds received by it pursuant to the terms of this Escrow Agreement, as follows:
 
(a)           (i)  If the Escrow Agent shall receive a (i) written notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit B hereto (an “Offering Termination Notice”), from the Company and the Placement Agents; or (ii) a final and non-appealable order of a court of competent jurisdiction, a copy of which is delivered to the Escrow Agent by either the Company or the Placement Agents, that instructs the Escrow Agent as to the disbursement of the Escrowed Property, the Escrow Agent shall promptly after receipt of such Offering Termination Notice or court order, and in no event more than five business days thereafter pay to each subscriber listed on the Subscriber List held by the Escrow Agent pursuant to Section 3 hereof whose total subscription amount shall not have been released pursuant to paragraph (b) or (c) of this Section 4, by wire transfer of immediately available funds the amount attributable to such subscriber of the remaining Subscription Payment held by the Escrow Agent as set forth on such Subscriber List held by the Escrow Agent.  The Escrow Agent shall notify the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents of the distribution of such funds to the subscribers.  For the avoidance of doubt, in the event the Escrow Agent does not receive funds in the amount equal to the proceeds of the sale of all of the Shares offered pursuant to the Placement Agency Agreement (the “Requisite Funds”) prior to the close of business on the date scheduled for receipt of the Requisite Funds, the Company and the Placement Agents agree to deliver to the Offering Termination Notice to the Escrow Agent as described above, and the Escrow Agent shall make the payments to each subscriber, as described above.  The funds returned to each subscriber shall be free and clear of any and all claims of the Company or the Selling Stockholders or any of its or their creditors.
 
(b)           In the event that (i) any of the Shares have been subscribed for and the Requisite Funds shall have been received by the Escrow Agent on or before the Closing Date and (ii) no Offering Termination Notice or final and non-appealable court order as set forth in paragraph (a) above shall have been delivered to the Escrow Agent, the Company and the Placement Agents, shall deliver to the Escrow Agent a joint written notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit C hereto (a “Closing Notice”), designating the date on which Shares are to be sold and delivered to the subscribers thereof as the “Closing Date,” and identifying the subscribers and the number of Shares to be sold to each subscriber thereof on such Closing Date.  Such Closing Notice, unless one of the parties objects, shall be delivered on the Closing Date.  The Escrow Agent, after receipt of such Closing Notice shall, on such Closing Date, pay to the Company, the Selling Stockholders, the Placement Agents and the Escrow Agent, wire transfer of immediately available funds and otherwise in the manner and amount specified by the Company and the Placement Agents in such Closing Notice, an amount equal to the aggregate of the Subscription Payments paid by the subscribers identified in such Closing Notice for the Shares to be sold on such Closing Date as set forth on the list held by the Escrow Agent pursuant to Section 3 hereof.  The Escrow Agent shall pay the amounts described in this paragraph only after receipt of the Requisite Funds.
 
 
-2-

 
 
(c)           If at any time and from time to time prior to the release of any subscriber’s total subscription amount pursuant to paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section 4 from the Escrow Account, the Company shall deliver to the Escrow Agent a written notice, substantially in the form of Exhibit D hereto (a “Subscription Termination Notice”), to the effect that any or all of the subscriptions of such subscriber have been rejected by the Company (a “Rejected Subscription”), the Escrow Agent  shall promptly after receipt of such Subscription Termination Notice pay to such subscriber by wire transfer of immediately available funds the amount of such Rejected Subscription.
 
5.              Exculpation and Indemnification of Escrow Agent.
 
(a)           The Escrow Agent shall have no duties or responsibilities other than those expressly set forth herein.  The Escrow Agent shall have no duty to enforce any obligation of any person to make any payment or delivery, or to direct or cause any payment or delivery to be made, or to enforce any obligation of any person to perform any other act.  The Escrow Agent shall be under no liability to the other parties hereto or to anyone else by reason of any failure on the part of any party hereto or any maker, guarantor, endorser or other signatory of any document or any other person to perform such person’s obligations under any such document.  Except for amendments to this Agreement referred to below, and except for instructions given to the Escrow Agent by the Company and the Placement Agents relating to the funds received by the Escrow Agent under this Agreement, the Escrow Agent shall not be obligated to recognize any agreement between any and all of the persons referred to herein, notwithstanding that references thereto may be made herein and whether or not it has knowledge thereof.
 
(b)           The Escrow Agent shall not be liable to the Company, the Selling Stockholders or to anyone else for any action taken or omitted by it, or any action suffered by it to be taken or omitted, in good faith and in the exercise of its own best judgment.  The Escrow Agent may rely conclusively and shall be protected in acting upon any order, notice, demand, certificate, opinion or advice of counsel (including counsel chosen by the Escrow Agent), statement, instrument, report or other paper or document (not only as to its due execution and the validity and effectiveness of its provisions, but also as to the truth and acceptability of any information therein contained), which is believed by the Escrow Agent to be genuine and to be signed or presented by the proper person or persons.  The Escrow Agent shall not be bound by any notice or demand, or any waiver, modification, termination or rescission of this Agreement or any of the terms thereof, unless evidenced by a writing delivered to the Escrow Agent signed by the proper party or parties and, if the duties or rights of the Escrow Agent are affected, unless it shall give its prior written consent thereto.
 
 
-3-

 
 
(c)           The Escrow Agent shall not be responsible for the sufficiency or accuracy of the form of, or the execution, validity, value or genuineness of, any document or property received, held or delivered by it hereunder, or of any signature or endorsement thereon, or for any lack of endorsement thereon, or for any description therein; nor shall the Escrow Agent be responsible or liable to the other parties hereto or to anyone else in any respect on account of the identity, authority or rights of the persons executing or delivering or purporting to execute or deliver any document or property or this Agreement.  The Escrow Agent shall have no responsibility with respect to the use or application of any funds or other property paid or delivered by the Escrow Agent pursuant to the provisions hereof.  The Escrow Agent shall not be liable to the Company, the Selling Stockholders or to anyone else for any loss which may be incurred by reason of any investment of any monies which it holds hereunder provided the Escrow Agent has complied with the provisions of Section 4(a) hereunder.
 
(d)           The Escrow Agent shall have the right to assume in the absence of written notice to the contrary from the proper person or persons that a fact or an event by reason of which an action would or might be taken by the Escrow Agent does not exist or has not occurred, without incurring liability to the other parties hereto or to anyone else for any action taken or omitted, or any action suffered by it to be taken or omitted, in good faith and in the exercise of its own best judgment, in reliance upon such assumption.
 
(e)           The Escrow Agent does not have, for tax reporting purposes, any interest in the Escrowed Property received hereunder but is serving as escrow holder only.  The parties hereto agree that, for tax reporting purposes, all interest or other income earned from the investment of the Escrowed Property or any portion thereof in any tax year (i) to the extent such interest or other income is distributed by the Escrow Agent to any person or entity pursuant to the terms of this Escrow Agreement during such tax year, shall be reported as allocated to such person or entity, and (ii) otherwise shall be reported as allocated to the subscribers, in proportion to their respective Subscription Payment as set forth on Exhibit A hereto.
 
(f)           The Escrow Agent will be indemnified and held harmless by the Company and the Selling Stockholders from and against any and all expenses, including reasonable counsel fees and disbursements, or loss suffered by the Escrow Agent in connection with any action, suit or other proceeding involving any claim, or in connection with any claim or demand, which in any way, directly or indirectly, arises out of or relates to this Agreement, the services of the Escrow Agent hereunder, the monies or other property held by it hereunder or any income earned from investment of such monies, except for the Escrow Agent’s gross negligence or misconduct.  Promptly after the receipt by the Escrow Agent or notice of any demand or claim or the commencement of any action, suit or proceeding, the Escrow Agent shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the Company, notify the Company thereof in writing, but the failure by the Escrow Agent to give such notice shall not relieve the Company from any liability which the Company may have to the Escrow Agent hereunder.
 
 
-4-

 
 
(g)           For the purposes hereof, the term “expense or loss” shall include all amounts paid or payable to satisfy any claim, demand or liability, or in settlement of any claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding settled with the express written consent of the Escrow Agent, and all costs and expenses, including, but not limited to, reasonable counsel fees and disbursements, paid or incurred in investigating or defending against any such claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding.
 
6.              Termination of Agreement and Resignation of Escrow Agent.
 
(a)           This Escrow Agreement shall terminate on the final disposition of the monies and property held in escrow hereunder, provided that the rights of the Escrow Agent and the obligations of the other parties hereto under Sections 5 and 8 shall survive the termination hereof.
 
(b)           The Escrow Agent may resign at any time and be discharged from its duties as Escrow Agent hereunder by giving the Company and the Placement Agents at least 30 days notice thereof.  As soon as practicable after its resignation, the Escrow Agent shall turn over to a successor escrow agent appointed by the Company all monies and property held hereunder upon presentation of the document appointing the new escrow agent and its acceptance thereof.  If no new escrow agent is so appointed within the 60-day period following such notice of resignation, the Escrow Agent may deposit the aforesaid monies and property with any court it deems appropriate.
 
7.              Form of Payments by Escrow Agent.
 
(a)           Any payments by the Escrow Agent to Investors or to persons other than the Company or the Selling Stockholders pursuant to the terms of this Agreement shall be by wire transfer of immediately available funds.  The Company shall pay the Escrow Agent a $25 fee for each such wire transfer.
 
(b)           All amounts referred to herein are expressed in United States Dollars and all payments by the Escrow Agent shall be made in such dollars.
 
8.              Compensation of Escrow Agent .  For services rendered, the Escrow Agent shall receive as compensation $4,500, which fee shall be paid by the Company promptly following the signing of this Agreement.  The Escrow Agent shall also be entitled to retain any income earned on the funds in the escrow account as part of the Escrow Agent’s compensation.    The Escrow Agent shall also be entitled to reimbursement from the Company for all expenses paid or incurred by it in the administration of its duties hereunder, including, but not limited to, all counsel, advisors’ and Escrow Agents’ fees and disbursements and all reasonable taxes or other governmental charges.  It is anticipated that such disbursement shall not exceed $500.00 barring any unforeseen circumstances.
 
9.              Notices .  All notices, requests, demands and other communications provided for herein shall be in writing, shall be delivered by hand or by first-class mail, shall be deemed given when received and shall be addressed to the parties hereto at their respective addresses listed below or to such other persons or addresses as the relevant party shall designate as to itself from time to time in writing delivered in like manner.
 
 
-5-

 
 
If to the Company and the Selling Stockholders, to:
 
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
5610 Dry Creek Road
Healdsburg, CA 95448
Attention: James D. Bielenberg, Chief Financial Officer
Facsimile: (707) 431-4402
 
with a copy to:
 
Morrison & Foerster LLP
1290 Avenue of the Americas
New York, NY 10104
Attention: Anna T. Pinedo
Facsimile: (212) 468-7900
 
if to the Placement Agents, to:
 
WR Hambrecht + Co
Pier One, Bay Three
San Francisco, CA 94111
Attention: Helen Miazga
Facsimile: (415) 551-8686
 
with a copy to:
 
K&L Gates LLP
925 Fourth Avenue
Suite 2900
Seattle, WA 98104
Attention: Michael A. Hedge
Facsimile: (206) 370-6105
 
if to the Escrow Agent, to:
 
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, New York 11219
Attention: Corporate Actions

10.            Further Assurances:   From time to time on and after the date hereof, the Company shall deliver or cause to be delivered to the Escrow Agent such further documents and instruments and shall do and cause to be done such further acts as the Escrow Agent shall reasonably request (it being understood that the Escrow Agent shall have no obligation to make any such request) to carry out more effectively the provisions and purposes of this Agreement, to evidence compliance herewith or to assure itself that it is protected in acting hereunder.
 
 
-6-

 

11.            Consent to Service of Process .  Each of the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents hereby irrevocably consents to the jurisdiction of the courts of the State of New York and of any federal court located in such State in connection with any action, suit or other proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or any action taken or omitted hereunder, and waives personal service of any summons, complaint or other process and agrees that the service thereof may be made by certified or registered mail directed to each of the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents at its address for purposes of notices hereunder.
 
12.            Miscellaneous.
 
(a)           This Agreement shall be construed without regard to any presumption or other rule requiring construction against the party causing such instrument to be drafted.  The terms “hereby,” “hereof,” “hereto,” “hereunder” and any similar terms, as used in this Agreement, refer to the Agreement in its entirety and not only to the particular portion of this Agreement where the term is used.  The word “person” shall mean any natural person, partnership, company, government and any other form of business or legal entity.  All words or terms used in this Agreement, regardless of the number or gender, in which they are used, shall be deemed to include any other number and any other gender as the context may require.  This Agreement shall not be admissible in evidence to construe the provisions of any prior agreement.
 
(b)            Succession and Assignment .  This Agreement and the rights and obligations hereunder of the Company may be assigned by the Company only to a successor to the Company’s entire business.  This Agreement and the rights and obligations hereunder of the Escrow Agent may be assigned by the Escrow Agent only to a successor to its entire business.  This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of each party’s respective successors, heirs and permitted assigns.  No other person shall acquire or have any rights under or by virtue of this Agreement.  This Agreement may not be changed orally or modified, amended or supplemented without an express written agreement executed by the Escrow Agent, the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents.  This Agreement is intended to be for the sole benefit of the parties hereto, and (subject to the provisions of this Section 11.2(b)) their respective successors, heirs and assigns, and none of the provisions of this Agreement are intended to be, nor shall they be construed to be, for the benefit of any third person.
 
(c)            Amendments and Waivers .  This Agreement may be amended only with the written consent of the Escrow Agent, the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the Placement Agents.  No waiver of any right or remedy hereunder shall be valid unless the same shall be in writing and signed by the party giving such waiver.  No waiver by any party with respect to any condition, default or breach of covenant hereunder shall be deemed to extend to any prior or subsequent condition, default or breach of covenant hereunder or affect in any way any rights arising by virtue of any prior or subsequent such occurrence.
 
 
-7-

 
 
(d)            Governing Law .  This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the internal laws of the State of New York without regard to principles of conflicts of law (other than Section 5-1401 of the New York General Obligations Law).   The representations and warranties contained in this Agreement shall survive the execution and delivery hereof and any investigations made by any party.  The headings in this Agreement are for purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect any of the terms hereof.
 
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-8-

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Escrow Agreement to be executed as of the day and year first above written.
 

 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
Phillip L. Hurst
 
   
Title:
President and Chief Executive
Officer
 


 
WR HAMBRECHT + CO, LLC
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   

 
 
AMERICAN STOCK TRANSFER &
TRUST COMPANY, LLC
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   

 
 
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS:
 
     
     
     
     
 
Virginia Marie Lambrix
 
 
     
     
     
 
Mark De Meulenaere
 

 

 
[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]


 
[Signature page to Escrow Agreement]
 
 
 

 
 
     
     
     
 
Forrester R. Hambrecht
 

 
 
THE HURST FAMILY REVOCABLE
TRUST dated August 1, 2004
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Phillip L. Hurst, Co-Trustee
 
       
       
 
By:
   
    Sylvia M. Hurst, Co-Trustee  
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2005 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/D dated August 24, 2005
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Heath E. Dolan, Trustee
 

 
 
THE DOLAN 2003 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/A dated June 5, 2003
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Paul E. Dolan, III, Trustee
 
 
 


[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]


 
[Signature page to Escrow Agreement]
 
 
 

 
 
     
     
     
 
Anna-Marie E. Schweizer
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 

EXHIBIT A
 
Subscriber List
 
Investor
Tax I.D.
Shares
Subscription
Payments
# of
Expected
Wires
 
[Investor Name]
[Address]
[Contact]
       
         
 
 

 
 
A-1

 
 
EXHIBIT B
 
[Form of Offering Termination Notice]
 
 
April __, 2013               
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, New York 11219

Attention:

 
Dear ______
 
Pursuant to Section 4(a) of the Escrow Agreement dated as of April [  ], 2013 (the “Escrow Agreement”) by and among Truett-Hurst, Inc. (the “Company”), WR Hambrecht + Co,  LLC (“WRH”), the selling stockholders party thereto and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the Company and WRH hereby notify you of the termination of the offering of the Shares (as that term is defined in the Escrow Agreement) and directs you to make payments to subscribers as provided for in Section 4(a) of the Escrow Agreement.

 
 
Very truly yours,
 
     
 
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
Phillip L. Hurst
 
   
Title:
President and Chief Executive
Officer
 
         
 
WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   

 
B-1

 

EXHIBIT C
 
[Form of Closing Notice]
 
 
April __, 2013               

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, New York 11219
Attention: Corporate Actions
 
Dear:
 
Pursuant to Section 4(b) of the Escrow Agreement dated as of April [  ], 2013, (the “Escrow Agreement”) by and among Truett-Hurst, Inc. (the “Company”), WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC, as representative for the agents party to that certain Placement Agency Agreement, dated as of the date hereof (the “Placement Agents”), the selling stockholders party thereto (the “Selling Stockholders”) and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the Company and the Selling Stockholders hereby certify that, subject to their receipt of the Subscription Payments for the Shares (as that term is defined in the Escrow Agreement), the Company and the Selling Stockholders will sell and deliver Shares to the subscribers thereof at a closing to be held on April [  ], 2013 (the “Closing Date”).  The names of the subscribers concerned, the number of Shares subscribed for by each of such subscribers and the related subscription amounts are set forth on Schedule I annexed hereto.
 
We hereby request that the aggregate subscription amount be paid to the Placement Agents, to the Selling Stockholders (in the amounts set forth on Schedule II annexed hereto), to the Escrow Agent and us as follows:
 
 
1. To the Company, $_________;
 
 
2.
To the Selling Stockholders, in the aggregate, $_________;
 
 
3.
To the Placement Agents, $_________; and
 
 
4. To the Escrow Agent $4,500
 
 
C-1

 
           
These instructions may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original, but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.


 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
Phillip L. Hurst
 
   
Title:
President and Chief Executive Officer
 

 
 
WR HAMBRECHT + CO, LLC
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Name:
   
   
Title:
   
 
 
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS:
 
     
     
 
Virginia Marie Lambrix
 
 
 

     
 
Mark De Meulenaere
 
 
 

     
 
Forrester R. Hambrecht
 
 



[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]

 

[Signature page to Closing Notice]
 
 
 

 
 
 
THE HURST FAMILY REVOCABLE
TRUST dated August 1, 2004
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Phillip L. Hurst, Co-Trustee
 
       
       
 
By:
   
   
Sylvia M. Hurst, Co-Trustee
 
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2005 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/D dated August 24, 2005
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Heath E. Dolan, Trustee
 
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2003 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/A dated June 5, 2003
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Paul E. Dolan, III, Trustee
 
 
 

[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]


[Signature page to Closing Notice]
 
 
 

 
 
     
     
     
 
Anna-Marie E. Schweizer
 
 
 
 
 
 
[Signature page to Closing Notice]
 
 
 

 
 
SCHEDULE I TO EXHIBIT C

 
Name of
Subscriber
Number of
Shares
Subscription
Payment
     
 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 
 
SCHEDULE II to Exhibit C
 

Name of
Selling Stockholder
Payment to Selling
Stockholder
 
     
[  ]
$ [  ]
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
SCHEDULE III TO EXHIBIT C
 
Telephone Number(s) for Call-Backs and
Person(s) Designated to Confirm Funds Transfer Instructions
 

If to the Placement Agents:
 
   
Name
Telephone Number
   
Whitney White
(212) 313-5940
   
If to the Company (for the Company or the Selling Stockholders):
 
   
Name
Telephone Number
   
James D. Bielenberg
(707) 431-4423
 

 

Telephone call-backs shall be made to the Placement Agents and the Company if joint instructions are required pursuant to this Escrow Agreement.
 
 
 

 
 
EXHIBIT D
 
[Form of Subscription Termination Notice]
 
 
April __, 2013              
American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC
6201 15th Avenue
Brooklyn, New York 11219
Attention: Corporate Actions

 
Dear:
 
Pursuant to the Escrow Agreement dated as of April [  ], 2013 (the “Escrow Agreement”) by and among Truett-Hurst, Inc. (the “Company”), WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC, the selling stockholders party thereto and American Stock Transfer & Trust Company, LLC, the Company and the Selling Stockholders hereby notifiy you that the following subscription(s) have been rejected:

 
 
Name of
Subscriber
Amount of
Subscribed
Shares [Units]
Rejected
Dollar
Amount of
Rejected
Subscription
 
     
     
     
     
     
     


 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
       
 
By:
   
   
Name:
Phillip L. Hurst
 
   
Title:
President and Chief Executive
Officer
 

 
D-1

 

 
SELLING STOCKHOLDERS:
 
     
 
THE HURST FAMILY REVOCABLE
TRUST dated August 1, 2004
 
     
 
By:
   
   
Phillip L. Hurst, Co-Trustee
 
       
       
 
By:
   
    Sylvia M. Hurst, Co-Trustee  
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2005 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/D dated August 24, 2005
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Heath E. Dolan, Trustee
 
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2003 FAMILY TRUST
U/T/A dated June 5, 2003
 
     
     
 
By:
   
   
Paul E. Dolan, III, Trustee
 
       
       
       
       
   
Virginia Marie Lambrix
 
       
       
       
       
   
Mark De Meulenaere
 
       
       
       
       
   
Forrester R. Hambrecht
 
       
       
       
       
   
Anna-Marie E. Schweizer
 
 
 
D-2

Exhibit 3.1
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED
 
CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION
 
OF
 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
___________________________________
 
The present name of the corporation is Truett-Hurst, Inc. (the “Corporation”). The Corporation was incorporated under the name “Truett-Hurst, Inc.” by the filing of its original certificate of incorporation (the “Original Certificate of Incorporation”) with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 10, 2012. This Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation, which amends, restates and integrates the provisions of the Original Certificate of Incorporation, was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Sections 242 and 245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware and by the written consent of the stockholders in accordance with Section 228 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware. The Original Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation is hereby amended and restated to read in its entirety as follows:
 
ARTICLE 1
 
The name of the Corporation is Truett-Hurst, Inc. (the “Corporation”).
 
ARTICLE 2
 
The address of the Corporation’s registered office in the State of Delaware is 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, in the City of Wilmington, 19808, County of New Castle.  The name of its registered agent at such address is The Corporation Trust Company.
 
ARTICLE 3
 
The nature of the business of the Corporation and the objects or purposes to be transacted, promoted or carried on by it are as follows:  To engage in any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “DGCL”).
 
ARTICLE 4
 
A.           The total number of shares of all classes of stock that the Corporation is authorized to issue is 12,001,000 shares, consisting of (i) 7,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock,  par value $0.001 per share (the “Class A Common Stock”), (ii) 1,000 shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Class B Common Stock” and, together with the Class A Common Stock, the “Common Stock”), and (iii) Five Million (5,000,000) shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Preferred Stock”).
 
 
 

 
 
B.           The number of authorized shares of Common Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares thereof then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of stock of the Corporation representing a majority of the votes represented by all of the outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, voting together as a single class, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL (or any successor provision).
 
C.            Any of the shares of Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series.  Subject to the limitations and restrictions in this Article 4 set forth, the Board of Directors or a Committee of the Board of Directors, to the extent permitted by law and the Bylaws of the Corporation or a resolution of the Board of Directors, by resolution or resolutions, is authorized to create or provide for any such series, and to fix the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including, without limitation, the authority to fix or alter the dividend rights, dividend rates, conversion rights, exchange rights, voting rights, rights and terms of redemption (including sinking and purchase fund provisions), the redemption price or prices, the dissolution preferences and the rights in respect to any distribution of assets of any wholly unissued series of Preferred Stock and the number of shares constituting any such series, and the designation thereof, or any of them and to increase or decrease the number of shares of any series so created, subsequent to the issue of that series but not below the number of shares of such series then outstanding.  In case the number of shares of any series shall be so decreased, the shares constituting such decrease shall resume the status which they had prior to the adoption of the resolution originally fixing the number of shares of such series.
 
D.           There shall be no limitation or restriction on any variation between any of the different series of Preferred Stock as to the designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof; and the several series of Preferred Stock may, except as hereinafter in this Article 4 otherwise expressly provided, vary in any and all respects as fixed and determined by the resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors or by a committee of the Board of Directors, providing for the issuance of the various series; provided , however , that all shares of any one series of Preferred Stock shall have the same designation, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights and qualifications, limitations and restrictions.
 
E.           Except as otherwise required by law, or as otherwise fixed by resolution or resolutions of the Board of Directors with respect to one or more series of Preferred Stock, the entire voting power and all voting rights shall be vested exclusively in the Common Stock.
 
F.           Each holder of Class A Common Stock, as such, shall be entitled to one vote for each share of Class A Common Stock held of record by such holder on all matters on which stockholders generally are entitled to vote; provided, however, that to the fullest extent permitted by law, holders of Class A Common Stock, as such, shall have no voting power with respect to, and shall not be entitled to vote on, any amendment to this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) or pursuant to the DGCL.
 
 
2

 
 
G.           Each holder of Class B Common Stock, as such, shall be entitled, without regard to the number of shares of Class B Common Stock (or fraction thereof) held by such holder, to a number of votes that is equal to the product of (x) the total number of LLC Units (as defined in the Exchange Agreement dated on or about the date hereof as amended from time to time (the “Exchange Agreement”)), by and among the Corporation and the holders of LLC Units from time to time party thereto), held of record by such holder multiplied by (y) the Exchange Rate (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) (on all matters on which stockholders generally are entitled to vote; provided, further, that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, holders of Class B Common Stock, as such, shall have no voting power with respect to, and shall not be entitled to vote on, any amendment to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) that relates solely to the terms of one or more outstanding series of Preferred Stock if the holders of such affected series are entitled, either separately or together with the holders of one or more other such series, to vote thereon pursuant to this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (including any certificate of designations relating to any series of Preferred Stock) or pursuant to the DGCL.
 
H.           Except as otherwise required in this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation or by applicable law, the holders of Common Stock shall vote together as a single class on all matters (or, if any holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to vote together with the holders of Common Stock, as a single class with such holders of Preferred Stock).
 
I.             The Corporation shall at all times when any LLC Units shall be outstanding, reserve and keep available out of its authorized but unissued Class A Common Stock, such number of shares of Class A Common Stock as shall from time to time be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding LLC Units in accordance with the terms of the Exchange Agreement. If at any time the number of authorized but unissued shares of Class A Common Stock shall not be sufficient to effect the conversion of all outstanding LLC Units, the Corporation will take such corporate action as may, in the opinion of its counsel, be necessary to increase the number of authorized shares of Class A Common Stock to such number as shall be sufficient for such purpose.
 
ARTICLE 5
 
A.           Subject to applicable law and the rights, if any, of the holders of any outstanding series of Preferred Stock or any class or series of stock having a preference over or the right to participate with the Class A Common Stock with respect to the payment of dividends and other distributions in cash, stock of any corporation or property of the Corporation, such dividends and other distributions may be declared and paid on the Class A Common Stock out of the assets of the Corporation that are by law available therefor at such times and in such amounts as the Board in its discretion shall determine. Dividends and other distributions shall not be declared or paid on the Class B Common Stock.
 
B.            In the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation, after payment or provision for payment of the debts and other liabilities of the Corporation and of the preferential and other amounts, if any, to which the holders of Preferred Stock shall be entitled, the holders of all outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock shall be entitled to receive the remaining assets of the Corporation available for distribution ratably in proportion to the number of shares held by each such stockholder.  The holders of shares of Class B Common Stock, as such, shall not be entitled to receive any assets of the Corporation in the event of any voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the affairs of the Corporation.
 
 
3

 
 
C.            In the event that any outstanding share of Class B Common Stock shall cease to be held by a holder of a LLC Unit, such share shall automatically and without further action on the part of the Corporation or any holder of Class B Common Stock be transferred to the Corporation and thereupon shall be retired.  Upon any transfer of LLC Units pursuant to Section 7.3 of the Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of H.D.D. LLC, the Corporation shall issue to and register in the name of the transferee of such LLC Units, one share of Class B Common Stock.
 
ARTICLE 6
 
A.           The Board of Directors is expressly authorized to adopt, amend and repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation without the assent or vote of the stockholders in any manner not inconsistent with the law of the State of Delaware or this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.
 
B.           The stockholders are expressly authorized to adopt, amend and repeal the Bylaws of the Corporation by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority   of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon.
 
ARTICLE 7
 
A.           Elections of directors need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation shall so provide.
 
B.           The number of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time, within the limits specified in the Corporation’s Bylaws or in this Article 7, by a bylaw or amendment thereof duly adopted by the affirmative vote of holders of sixty-six and two-thirds per cent (66 2-3%) of the shares entitled to vote thereon, or by the Board of Directors.
 
C.           The power to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors created by the removal of one or more directors shall be exercised only by the directors in office immediately prior to the removal of such director or directors.
 
D.           Subject to the special right of the holders of any class or series of stock to elect directors, the Board of Directors shall be classified with respect to the time for which they severally hold office into three classes, as nearly equal in number as possible.  The initial Class I Directors shall serve for a term expiring at the first annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation following the filing of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation; the initial Class II Directors shall serve for a term expiring at the second annual meeting of stockholders following the filing of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation; and the initial Class III Directors shall serve for a term expiring at the third annual meeting of stockholders following the filing of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation.  Each director in each class shall hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified.  At each annual meeting of stockholders beginning with the first annual meeting of stockholders following the filing of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the successors of the class of directors whose term expires at that meeting shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the annual meeting of stockholders to be held in the third year following the year of their election, with each director in each such class to hold office until his or her successor is duly elected and qualified.
 
 
4

 
 
E.           No cumulative voting shall be allowed in the election of directors.
 
ARTICLE 8
 
Whenever a compromise or arrangement is proposed between the Corporation and its creditors or any class of them and/or between the Corporation and its stockholders or any class of them, any court of equitable jurisdiction within the State of Delaware may, on the application in a summary way of the Corporation or of any creditor or stockholder thereof, or on the application of any receiver or receivers appointed for the Corporation under the provisions of Section 291 of the DGCL or on the application of trustees in dissolution or of any receiver or receivers appointed for the Corporation under the provisions of Section 279 of the DGCL order a meeting of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be, to be summoned in such manner as the said court directs.  If a majority in number representing three-fourths in value of the creditors or class of creditors, and/or of the stockholders or class of stockholders of the Corporation, as the case may be, agree to any compromise or arrangement and to any reorganization of the Corporation as a consequence of such compromise or arrangement, the said compromise or arrangement and the said reorganization shall, if sanctioned by the court to which the said application has been made, be binding on all the creditors or class of creditors, and/or on all the stockholders or class of stockholders, of the Corporation, as the case may be, and also on the Corporation.
 
ARTICLE 9
 
Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, and notwithstanding that a lesser percentage may be permitted from time to time by applicable law, no provision of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation   may be altered, amended or repealed in any respect (including by merger, consolidation or otherwise), nor may any provision inconsistent therewith be adopted, unless such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption is approved by the affirmative vote of holders of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon.
 
ARTICLE 10
 
A.           To the fullest extent permitted by Delaware statutory or decisional law, as amended or interpreted, no director of this Corporation shall be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director.  No amendment to, or modification or repeal of, this Article 10 shall adversely affect any right or protection of a director of the Corporation existing hereunder with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment, modification or repeal.  This Article 10 does not affect the availability of equitable remedies for breach of fiduciary duties.
 
 
5

 
 
B.           To the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the State of Delaware, the Corporation shall promptly pay expenses (including attorneys’ fees) incurred by any person described in paragraph A of this Article in appearing at, participating in or defending any action, suit or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding, including appeals, upon presentation of an undertaking on behalf of such person to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified under this Article 10 or otherwise.  Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in paragraph C of this Article, the Corporation shall be required to pay expenses of a person described in such sentence in connection with any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such person only if the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) by such person was authorized by the Board.  Advances shall be unsecured and interest free.
 
C.           If a claim for indemnification (following the final disposition of such action, suit or proceeding) or advancement of expenses under this Article 10 is not paid in full within thirty (30) days after a written claim therefor by any person described in paragraph A of this Article has been received by the Corporation, such person may file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expense of prosecuting such claim.  In any such action the Corporation shall have the burden of proving that such person is not entitled to the requested indemnification or advancement of expenses under applicable law.
 
D.           To the fullest extent permitted by the law of the State of Delaware, the Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person described in Paragraph A of this Article against any liability asserted against such person, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under the provisions of this Article 10 or otherwise.
 
E.           The rights of indemnification provided in this Article 10 shall neither be exclusive of, nor be deemed in limitation of, any rights to which any person may otherwise be or become entitled or permitted by contract, this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the by-laws of the Corporation, vote of stockholders or directors or otherwise, or as a matter of law, both as to actions in such person’s official capacity and actions in any other capacity, it being the policy of the Corporation that indemnification of any person whom the Corporation is obligated to indemnify pursuant to paragraph A of this Article shall be made to the fullest extent permitted by law.  This Article 10 shall not limit the right of the Corporation, to the extent and in the manner permitted by law, to indemnify and to advance expenses to, and purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of, persons other than persons described in Article.
 
 
6

 
 
F.           The provisions of this Article 10 shall be applicable to all actions, claims, suits or proceedings made or commenced after the adoption hereof, whether arising from acts or omissions to act occurring before or after its adoption, and shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be a director or officer and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors or administrators of such person.  The provisions of this Article 10 shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each director or officer (or legal representative thereof) who serves in such capacity at any time while this Article 10 and the relevant provisions of the law of the State of Delaware and other applicable law, if any, are in effect, and any alteration, amendment or repeal of this Article 10 shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing with respect to any state of facts existing or act or omission occurring prior to such alteration, amendment or repeal, or any action, suit or proceeding then or theretofore existing, or any action, suit or proceeding thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part on any such state of facts, act or omission.
 
ARTICLE 11
 
A.           Subject to the rights of any holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of stock of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such holders.
 
B.           Except as otherwise required by law and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by or at the direction of the Board or the Chair of the Board.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the “Controlling Stockholders” (as defined below) control over 50% of the voting power of the Corporation, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of stock of the Corporation may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded; provided, however, the ability to act by written consent in lieu of a stockholder meeting shall immediately and permanently cease as of the date on which the “Controlling Stockholders” no longer control over 50% of the voting power of the Corporation.  For the purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, “Controlling Stockholders” shall mean: (i) Phillip L. Hurst, Paul E. Dolan, III, Heath E. Dolan, William R. Hambrecht, Barrie Graham, Forrester Hambrecht, Virginia Marie Lambrix and Daniel A. Carroll; (ii) the existing and future lineal descendants, including adopted children, of Phillip L. Hurst, Paul E. Dolan, III, Heath E. Dolan, William R. Hambrecht, Barrie Graham, Forrester Hambrecht, Virginia Marie Lambrix and Daniel A. Carroll; (iii) existing and future spouses of any Persons named in clauses (i) and (ii); (iv) any United States situs trusts for the current or future, direct or indirect, vested or contingent, benefit of any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii); (v) a custodial or retirement account benefiting any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii), (vi) any estate of any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii); and (vii) any entity (or wholly owned subsidiary of such entity) in which all of the equity interests are owned by any of the persons, trusts, accounts or estates named in clauses (i) through (vi).
 
 
7

 
 
ARTICLE 12
 
Except for (i) actions in which the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware concludes that an indispensable party is not subject to the jurisdiction of the Delaware courts, and (ii) actions in which a federal court has assumed exclusive jurisdiction of a proceeding, any derivative action brought by or on behalf of the Corporation, and any direct action brought by a stockholder against the Corporation or any of its directors or officers, alleging a violation of the DGCL, the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws or breach of fiduciary duties or other violation of Delaware decisional law relating to the internal affairs of the Corporation, shall be brought in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware, which shall be the sole and exclusive forum for such proceedings; provided, however, that the Corporation may consent to an alternative forum for any such proceedings upon the approval of the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
 
ARTICLE 13
 
The Corporation shall not be governed by Section 203 of the DGCL (or any successor provision thereto) (“ Section 203”), and the restrictions contained in Section 203 shall not apply to the Corporation, until immediately following the time at which the Controlling Stockholders control less than 50% of the voting power of the Corporation.
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the Corporation has caused this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be signed by Paul Dolan, its Secretary, on this ____ day of April, 2013.
 

 
By:
 
 
 
Name:
Paul E. Dolan, III
 
 
Title:
Secretary
 
 
 
8

Exhibit 3.2
 
 
 
 
 
 
BYLAWS
 
OF
 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
As amended through April __, 2013
 
____________________________________________

 
a Delaware Corporation
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
    Page
     
     
ARTICLE 1
OFFICES
1
Section 1.1
Registered Office
1
Section 1.2
Other Offices
1
ARTICLE 2
STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
1
Section 2.1
Place of Meetings
1
Section 2.2
Annual Meetings
2
Section 2.3
Special Meetings
2
Section 2.4
Notice of Meetings
2
Section 2.5
Quorum and Voting
4
Section 2.6
Voting Rights
4
Section 2.7
Voting Procedures and Inspectors of Elections
5
Section 2.8
List of Stockholders
6
Section 2.9
Stockholder Proposals at Annual Meetings
6
Section 2.10
Nominations of Persons for Election to the Board of Directors
8
Section 2.11
Action Without Meeting
10
ARTICLE 3
DIRECTORS
11
Section 3.1
Number and Term of Office
11
Section 3.2
Powers
12
Section 3.3
Vacancies
12
Section 3.4
Resignations and Removals
12
Section 3.5
Meetings
13
Section 3.6
Quorum and Voting
13
Section 3.7
Action Without Meeting
14
Section 3.8
Fees and Compensation
14
Section 3.9
Committees
14
ARTICLE 4
OFFICERS
16
Section 4.1
Officers Designated
16
Section 4.2
Tenure and Duties of Officers
16
ARTICLE 5
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS, AND VOTING OF SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION
17
Section 5.1
Execution of Corporate Instruments
17
 
 
- i -

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
 
   
Page
     
     
Section 5.2
Voting of Securities Owned by Corporation
18
ARTICLE 6
SHARES OF STOCK
18
Section 6.1
Form and Execution of Certificates
18
Section 6.2
Lost Certificates
19
Section 6.3
Transfers
19
Section 6.4
Fixing Record Dates
19
Section 6.5
Registered Stockholders
20
ARTICLE 7
OTHER SECURITIES OF THE CORPORATION
20
ARTICLE 8
INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS
21
Section 8.1
Right to Indemnification
21
Section 8.2
Authority to Advance Expenses
22
Section 8.3
Right of Claimant to Bring Suit
22
Section 8.4
Provisions Nonexclusive
22
Section 8.5
Authority to Insure
22
Section 8.6
Enforcement of Rights
23
Section 8.7
Survival of Rights
23
Section 8.8
Settlement of Claims
23
Section 8.9
Effect of Amendment
23
Section 8.10
Primacy of Indemnification
23
Section 8.11
Subrogation
23
Section 8.12
No Duplication of Payments
24
Section 8.13
Saving Clause
24
ARTICLE 9
NOTICES
24
ARTICLE 10
AMENDMENTS
25
ARTICLE 11
ANNUAL AND OTHER REPORTS
25
Section 11.1
Reports to Stockholders
25
Section 11.2
Reports to the Secretary of State
26
Section 11.3
Effectiveness of Article 11
27
 
 
ii

 
 
BYLAWS
 
OF
 
TRUETT-HURST, INC.
 
As amended through April __, 2013
 
_________________________________
 
 
ARTICLE 1
 
OFFICES
 
Section 1.1             Registered Office.
 
The registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware shall be set forth in the Certificate of Incorporation of the Corporation.
 
Section 1.2             Other Offices.
 
The Corporation may also have offices at such other places, either within or without the State of Delaware, as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine or the business of the Corporation may require.
 
ARTICLE 2
 
STOCKHOLDERS’ MEETINGS
 
Section 2.1             Place of Meetings.
 
(a)           Meetings of stockholders may be held at such place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as may be designated by or in the manner provided in these Bylaws or, if not so designated, as determined by the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the meeting shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by paragraph (b) of this Section 2.1.
 
(b)           If authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board of Directors may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remote communication:
 
  (1)           Participate in a meeting of stockholders; and
 
 
 

 
 
  (2)           Be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting is to be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication, provided that (A) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to verify that each person deemed present and permitted to vote at the meeting by means of remote communication is a stockholder or proxyholder, (B) the Corporation shall implement reasonable measures to provide such stockholders and proxyholders a reasonable opportunity to participate in the meeting and to vote on matters submitted to the stockholders, including an opportunity to read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings, and (C) if any stockholder or proxyholder votes or takes other action at the meeting by means of remote communication, a record of such vote or other action shall be maintained by the Corporation.
 
(c)           For purposes of these Bylaws, “remote communication” shall include (1) telephone or other voice communications and (2) electronic mail or other form of written or visual electronic communications satisfying the requirements of Section 2.11(b).
 
Section 2.2             Annual Meetings.
 
The annual meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation, for the purpose of election of directors and for such other business as may lawfully come before it, shall be held on such date and at such time as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 2.3             Special Meetings.
 
Special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called, for any purpose or purposes, by the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer or the Board of Directors at any time.  Only such business shall be brought before a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been specified in the notice of such meeting.
 
Section 2.4             Notice of Meetings.
 
(a)           Except as otherwise provided by law or the Certificate of Incorporation, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, specifying the place, if any, date and hour and purpose or purposes of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, if such date is different from the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of the meeting, shall be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to vote thereat, directed to his address as it appears upon the books of the Corporation; except that where the matter to be acted on is a merger or consolidation of the Corporation or a sale, lease or exchange of all or substantially all of its assets, such notice shall be given not less than 20 nor more than 60 days prior to such meeting.  If the Board of Directors fixes a date for determining the stockholders entitled to notice of a meeting of stockholders, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at such meeting, unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall be the date for making such determination.
 
 
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(b)           If at any meeting action is proposed to be taken which, if taken, would entitle stockholders fulfilling the requirements of Section 262(d) of the Delaware General Corporation Law to an appraisal of the fair value of their shares, the notice of such meeting shall contain a statement to that effect and shall be accompanied by a copy of that statutory section.
 
(c)           When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time, place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting, are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken unless the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or unless after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, in which event a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such case shall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting.
 
(d)           Notice of the time, place and purpose of any meeting of stockholders may be waived in writing, either before or after such meeting, and, to the extent permitted by law, will be waived by any stockholder by his attendance thereat, in person or by proxy.
 
(e)           Without limiting the manner by which notice otherwise may be given effectively to stockholders, any notice to stockholders given by the Corporation under any provision of Delaware General Corporation Law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws shall be effective if given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given.  Any such consent shall be revocable by the stockholder by written notice to the Corporation.  Any such consent shall be deemed revoked if (i) the Corporation is unable to deliver by electronic transmission two consecutive notices given by the Corporation in accordance with such consent, and (ii) such inability becomes known to the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or to the transfer agent or other person responsible for the giving of notice; provided, however, the inadvertent failure to treat such inability as a revocation shall not invalidate any meeting or other action.  Notice given pursuant to this subparagraph (e) shall be deemed given:  (1) if by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (2) if by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice; (3) if by a posting on an electronic network together with separate notice to the stockholder of such specific posting, upon the later of (A) such posting and (B) the giving of such separate notice; and (4) if by any other form of electronic transmission, when directed to the stockholder.  An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice has been given by a form of electronic transmission shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein.  For purposes of these Bylaws, “electronic transmission” means any form of communication, not directly involving the physical transmission of paper, that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof, and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process.
 
 
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Section 2.5             Quorum and Voting.
 
(a)           At all meetings of stockholders except where otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, the presence, in person or by proxy duly authorized, of the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of stock entitled to vote shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.  Shares, the voting of which at said meeting have been enjoined, or which for any reason cannot be lawfully voted at such meeting, shall not be counted to determine a quorum at said meeting.  In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned, from time to time, by vote of the holders of a majority of the shares represented thereat, but no other business shall be transacted at such meeting.  At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum is present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the original meeting.  The stockholders present at a duly called or convened meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough stockholders to leave less than a quorum.
 
(b)           Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, all action taken by the holders of a majority of the votes cast on a matter affirmatively or negatively shall be valid and binding upon the Corporation.  For purposes of these Bylaws, a share present at a meeting, but for which there is an abstention or as to which a stockholder gives no authority or direction as to a particular proposal or director nominee, shall be counted as present for the purpose of establishing a quorum but shall not be counted as a vote cast.
 
Section 2.6             Voting Rights.
 
(a)           Except as otherwise provided by law, only persons in whose names shares entitled to vote stand on the stock records of the Corporation on the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting shall be entitled to vote at such meeting.  Shares standing in the names of two or more persons shall be voted or represented in accordance with the determination of the majority of such persons, or, if only one of such persons is present in person or represented by proxy, such person shall have the right to vote such shares and such shares shall be deemed to be represented for the purpose of determining a quorum.
 
(b)           Every person entitled to vote or to execute consents shall have the right to do so either in person or by an agent or agents authorized by a written proxy executed by such person or his duly authorized agent, which proxy shall be filed with the Secretary of the Corporation at or before the meeting at which it is to be used.  Said proxy so appointed need not be a stockholder.  No proxy shall be voted on after three (3) years from its date unless the proxy provides for a longer period.  Unless and until voted, every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the person who executed it or of his legal representatives or assigns, except in those cases where an irrevocable proxy permitted by statute has been given.
 
(c)           Without limiting the manner in which a stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him as proxy pursuant to subsection (b) of this section, the following shall constitute a valid means by which a stockholder may grant such authority:
 
  (1)           A stockholder may execute a writing authorizing another person or persons to act for him as proxy.  Execution may be accomplished by the stockholder or his authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such writing or causing his or her signature to be affixed to such writing by any reasonable means including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature.
 
 
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  (2)           A stockholder may authorize another person or persons to act for him as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of an electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that any such transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the transmission was authorized by the stockholder.  Such authorization can be established by the signature of the stockholder on the proxy, either in writing or by a signature stamp or facsimile signature, or by a number or symbol from which the identity of the stockholder can be determined, or by any other procedure deemed appropriate by the inspectors or other persons making the determination as to due authorization.
 
If it is determined that such transmissions are valid, the inspectors or, if there are no inspectors, such other persons making that determination shall specify the information upon which they relied.
 
(d)           Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to subsection (c) of this section may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
 
Section 2.7             Voting Procedures and Inspectors of Elections.
 
(a)           The Corporation shall, in advance of any meeting of stockholders, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof.  The Corporation may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.  If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting.  Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.
 
(b)           The inspectors shall (i) ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, (ii) determine the shares represented at a meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, (iii) count all votes and ballots, (iv) determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and (v) certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots.  The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors.
 
(c)           The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting.  No ballot, proxies or votes, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless the Court of Chancery shall determine otherwise upon application by a stockholder.
 
 
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(d)           In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots, the inspectors shall be limited to an examination of the proxies, any envelopes submitted with those proxies, any information provided in accordance with Sections 211(e) or 212(c)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or any information provided pursuant to Section 211(a)(2)(B)(i) or (iii) thereof, ballots and the regular books and records of the Corporation, except that the inspectors may consider other reliable information for the limited purpose of reconciling proxies and ballots submitted by or on behalf of banks, brokers, their nominees or similar persons which represent more votes than the holder of a proxy is authorized by the record owner to cast or more votes than the stockholder holds of record.  If the inspectors consider other reliable information for the limited purpose permitted herein, the inspectors at the time they make their certification pursuant to subsection (b)(v) of this section shall specify the precise information considered by them including the person or persons from whom they obtained the information, when the information was obtained, the means by which the information was obtained and the basis for the inspectors’ belief that such information is accurate and reliable.
 
Section 2.8             List of Stockholders.
 
The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at said meeting, (or, if  the record date for determining the stockholders entitled to vote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote on the tenth day before the meeting date), arranged in alphabetical order, showing the address of and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder.  The Corporation need not include electronic mail addresses or other electronic contact information on such list.  Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder for any purpose germane to the meeting for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting:  (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) during ordinary business hours at the principal place of business of the Corporation.  In the event that the Corporation determines to make the list available on an electronic network, the Corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders of the Corporation.  If the meeting is to be held at a place, then the list shall be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.  If the meeting is to be held solely by means of remote communication, then the list shall also be open to the examination of any stockholder during the whole time of the meeting on a reasonably accessible electronic network, and the information required to access such list shall be provided with the notice of the meeting.
 
Section 2.9             Stockholder Proposals at Annual Meetings.
 
At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting.  To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (iii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a stockholder.  The foregoing clause (iii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to propose business (other than business included in the Corporation’s proxy materials pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) at an annual meeting of stockholders.
 
 
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In addition to any other applicable requirements for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, whether or not the stockholder is seeking to have a proposal included in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement under Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation.  To be timely, in the case of a stockholder seeking to have a proposal included in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to the Secretary at the Corporation’s principal executive offices not less than 120 days or more than 180 days prior to the first anniversary of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials (or, in the absence of proxy materials, its notice of meeting) for the previous year’s annual meeting of stockholders.  However, if the Corporation did not hold an annual meeting the previous year, or if the date of the annual meeting is advanced more than 30 days prior to or delayed by more than 30 days after the anniversary of the preceding year’s annual meeting, then to be timely, notice by the stockholder must be delivered to the Secretary at the Corporation’s principal executive offices not later than the close of business on the later of (i) the 90 th day prior to such annual meeting or (ii) the 15 th day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made.  If the stockholder is not seeking inclusion of the proposal in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement, timely notice consists of a stockholder’s notice delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 90 days prior to the date of the annual meeting.  In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.  Other than with respect to stockholder proposals relating to director nomination(s), which requirements are set forth in Section 2.10 below, a stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (ii) the name and record address of the stockholder proposing such business, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder, (iv) any material interest of the stockholder in such business, (v) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below) or any member of such stockholder’s immediate family sharing the same household, whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding (including, but not limited to, any short position or any borrowing or lending of shares of stock) has been made, the effect or intent of which is to mitigate loss or increase profit to or manage the risk or benefit of stock price changes for, or to increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder, such Stockholder Associated Person or family member with respect to any share of stock of the Corporation (each, a “Relevant Hedge Transaction”), and (vi) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person or any member of such stockholder’s immediate family sharing the same household, to the extent not set forth pursuant to the immediately preceding clause, (a) whether and the extent to which such stockholder, Stockholder Associated Person or family member has direct or indirect beneficial ownership of any option, warrant, convertible security, stock appreciation right, or similar right with an exercise or conversion privilege or a settlement payment or mechanism at a price related to any class or series of shares of the Corporation, whether or not such instrument or right shall be subject to settlement in the underlying class or series of capital stock of the Corporation or otherwise, or any other direct or indirect opportunity to profit or share in any profit derived from any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation (a “Derivative Instrument”), (b) any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder, Stockholder Associated Person or family member that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (c) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder, Stockholder Associated Person or family member is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner and (d) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that such stockholder, Stockholder Associated Person or family member is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice (which information shall be supplemented by such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, not later than 10 days after the record date for the meeting to disclose such ownership as of the record date).
 
 
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For purposes of this Section 2.9 and Section 2.10, “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholder shall mean (i) any person controlling or controlled by, directly or indirectly, or acting in concert with, such stockholder, (ii) any beneficial owner of shares of stock of the Corporation owned of record or beneficially by such stockholder and (iii) any person controlling, controlled by or under common control with such Stockholder Associated Person.
 
Notwithstanding anything in the Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at the annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 2.1 and this Section 2.9, provided, however, that nothing in this Section 2.9 shall be deemed to preclude discussion by any stockholder of any business properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with said procedure.
 
The chairman of an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.1 and this Section 2.9, and if he should so determine he shall so declare to the meeting, and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.
 
Nothing in this Section 2.9 shall affect the right of a stockholder to request inclusion of a proposal in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.
 
Section 2.10           Nominations of Persons for Election to the Board of Directors.
 
In addition to any other applicable requirements, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as directors.  Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation may be made at a meeting of stockholders (i) pursuant to the Corporation’s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii) by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or by any nominating committee or person appointed by the Board of Directors or (iii) by any stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.10.  The foregoing clause (iii) shall be the exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations at a meeting of stockholders, whether or not the stockholder is seeking to have a proposal included in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement under an applicable rule of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).  A stockholder who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.10 is permitted to present the nomination at the meeting of stockholders but is not entitled to have a nominee included in the Corporation’s proxy statement in the absence of an applicable rule of the SEC requiring the Corporation to include a director nomination made by a stockholder in the Corporation’s proxy statement or information statement.
 
 
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Such nominations, other than those made by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation.  To be timely, notice by the stockholder must be delivered to the Secretary at the Corporation’s principal executive offices not later than 90 days prior to the date of the annual meeting.  In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting or the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above.  The stockholder’s notice relating to director nomination(s) shall set forth (a) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the person, (iv) a statement whether such person, if elected, intends to tender a resignation effective upon such person’s failure to receive the required vote for re-election at the next meeting at which such person would face re-election and upon acceptance of such resignation by the Board of Directors, in accordance with these Bylaws, and (v) any other information relating to the person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of directors pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act; (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice, (i) the name and record address of the stockholder, and (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder; (c) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person (as defined in Section 2.9), to the extent not set forth pursuant to the immediately preceding clause, whether and the extent to which any Relevant Hedge Transaction (as defined in Section 2.9) has been entered into, and (d) as to the stockholder giving the notice and any Stockholder Associated Person, (1) whether and the extent to which any Derivative Instrument (as defined in Section 2.9) is directly or indirectly beneficially owned, (2) any rights to dividends on the shares of the Corporation owned beneficially by such stockholder that are separated or separable from the underlying shares of the Corporation, (3) any proportionate interest in shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments held, directly or indirectly, by a general or limited partnership in which such stockholder is a general partner or, directly or indirectly, beneficially owns an interest in a general partner and (4) any performance-related fees (other than an asset-based fee) that such stockholder is entitled to based on any increase or decrease in the value of shares of the Corporation or Derivative Instruments, if any, as of the date of such notice, including without limitation any such interests held by members of such stockholder’s immediate family sharing the same household (which information shall be supplemented by such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any, not later than 10 days after the record date for the meeting to disclose such ownership as of the record date).  The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation.   The stockholder giving such notice shall indemnify the Corporation in respect of any loss arising as a result of any false or misleading information or statement submitted by the nominating stockholder in connection with the nomination, as provided by Section 112(5) of the Delaware General Corporation Law.   No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth herein.  These provisions shall not apply to nomination of any persons entitled to be separately elected by holders of Preferred Stock, if any.
 
 
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The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.
 
Section 2.11           Action Without Meeting.
 
(a)               Subject to the rights of any holders of any series of Preferred Stock, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of stock of the Corporation must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of such holders and may not be effected by any consent in writing by such holders.
 
(b)               Except as otherwise required by law and subject to the rights of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation may be called only by or at the direction of the Board or the Chair of the Board.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, so long as the “Controlling Stockholders” (as defined below) control of over 50% of the voting power of the Corporation, any action required or permitted to be taken by the holders of stock of the Corporation may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding shares having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted and shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded; provided, however, the ability to act by written consent in lieu of a stockholder meeting shall immediately and permanently cease as of the date on which the Corporation no longer qualifies for such controlled company exemption.  For the purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, “Controlling Stockholders” shall mean: (i) Phillip L. Hurst, Paul E. Dolan, III, Heath E. Dolan, William R. Hambrecht, Barrie Graham, Forrester Hambrecht, Virginia Marie Lambrix and Daniel A. Carroll; (ii) the existing and future lineal descendants, including adopted children, of Phillip L. Hurst, Paul E. Dolan, III, Heath E. Dolan, William R. Hambrecht, Barrie Graham, Forrester Hambrecht, Virginia Marie Lambrix and Daniel A. Carroll; (iii) existing and future spouses of any Persons named in clauses (i) and (ii); (iv) any United States situs trusts for the current or future, direct or indirect, vested or contingent, benefit of any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii); (v) a custodial or retirement account benefiting any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii), (vi) any estate of any of the persons named in clauses (i) through (iii); and (vii) any entity (or wholly owned subsidiary of such entity) in which all of the equity interests are owned by any of the persons, trusts, accounts or estates named in clauses (i) through (vi).
 
 
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ARTICLE 3
 
DIRECTORS
 
Section 3.1             Number and Term of Office.
 
(a)           The number of directors of the Corporation shall not be less than five (5) nor more than nine (9) until changed by amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation or by a Bylaw amending this Section 3.1 duly adopted by the vote or written consent of holders of not less than sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66-2/3%) of the outstanding shares entitled to vote or by the Board of Directors.  Subject to the foregoing provisions for changing the number of directors, the number of directors of the Corporation has been fixed at eight (8).
 
(b)           Elected directors shall hold office until the next annual meeting for the year in which their terms expire and until their successors shall be duly elected and qualified.  Directors need not be stockholders.  If, for any cause, the Board of Directors shall not have been elected at an annual meeting, they may be elected as soon as convenient at a special meeting of the stockholders called for that purpose in the manner provided in these Bylaws.  In no case will a decrease in the number of directors shorten the term of any incumbent director.
 
(c)           The directors shall be divided into three classes, designated Class I, Class II, and Class III, as nearly equal in number as the then total number of directors permits.  Class I directors were appointed for a one-year term, Class II directors for a two-year term and Class III directors for a three-year term.  At each succeeding annual meeting of stockholders beginning in 2013, successors to the class of directors whose terms expire at that annual meeting shall be elected for a three-year term.  If the number of directors is changed, any increase or decrease shall be apportioned among the classes so as to maintain the number of directors in each class as nearly equal as possible, and any additional directors of any class elected to fill a vacancy resulting from an increase in such class shall hold office for a term that shall coincide with the remaining term of that class.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, whenever the holders of any one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation shall have the right, voting separately by class or series, to elect directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, the election, term of office, filling of vacancies and other features of such directorships shall be governed by the applicable terms of these Bylaws and any certificate of designation creating such class or series of Preferred Stock, and such directors so elected shall not be divided into classes pursuant to this Section 3.1 unless expressly provided by such terms.
 
Any amendment, change or repeal of this Section 3.1, or any other amendment to these Bylaws that will have the effect of permitting circumvention of or modifying this Section 3.1, shall require the favorable vote, at a stockholders’ meeting, of the holders of at least sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66-2/3%) of the then-outstanding shares of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote.
 
 
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(d)           With the exception of the first Board of Directors, which shall be elected by the incorporators, and except as provided in Section 3.3 of this Article 3, each director shall be elected by the vote of the majority of the votes cast with respect to the director at any meeting for the election of directors at which a quorum is present; provided, however, that directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast at any meeting of stockholders for which the Secretary of the Corporation determines that the number of nominees exceeds the number of directors to be elected as of the day preceding the date the Corporation first distributes its notice of meeting for such meeting to the stockholders.  If directors are to be determined by a plurality of votes cast, stockholders shall be entitled to cast votes “for” or to “withhold” votes from the election of directors, but shall not be permitted to vote against a nominee.  If a director is not elected, the director shall tender his or her resignation to the Board of Directors, which resignation shall be contingent upon the Board of Directors’ acceptance thereof.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee or another committee that may be designated by the Board will make a recommendation to the Board as to whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken.  The Board of Directors will act on such committee’s recommendation and publicly disclose its decision and the rationale behind it within 90 days from the date of the certificate of the election results.  The director who tenders his or her resignation will not participate in the Board’s decision.  The Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee in making its recommendation, and the Board of Directors in making its decision, may each consider any factors or other information that it deems appropriate and relevant.
 
As provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, at all elections of directors each stockholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to as many votes as the number of shares so held by him of record multiplied by the number of directors to be elected, and he may cast all of such votes for a single director, or he may distribute them among any two or more of the directors to be voted for, as he may see fit.
 
Section 3.2             Powers.
 
The powers of the Corporation shall be exercised, its business conducted and its property controlled by or under the direction of the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.3             Vacancies.
 
Vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and each director so elected shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacant and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.  A vacancy in the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist under this section in the case of the death, removal or resignation of any director, or if the stockholders fail at any meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected (including any meeting referred to in Section 3.4 below) to elect the number of directors then constituting the whole Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.4             Resignations and Removals.
 
(a)           Any director may resign at any time by delivering his resignation to the Secretary in writing or by electronic transmission, such resignation to specify whether it will be effective at a particular time, upon receipt by the Secretary or at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  If no such specification is made it shall be deemed effective at the pleasure of the Board of Directors.  When one or more directors shall resign from the Board of Directors effective at a future date, a majority of the directors then in office, including those who have so resigned, shall have power to fill such vacancy or vacancies, the vote thereon to take effect when such resignation or resignations shall become effective, and each director so chosen shall hold office for the unexpired portion of the term of the director whose place shall be vacated and until his successor shall have been duly elected and qualified.
 
 
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(b)           At a special meeting of stockholders called for the purpose in the manner hereinabove provided, the Board of Directors or any individual director may be removed from office, with or without cause, and a new director or directors elected by a vote of the remaining directors .   Unless the Certificate of Incorporation otherwise provides, if the Board of Directors is classified, stockholders may effect removal only for cause.
 
Section 3.5             Meetings.
 
(a)           The annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately after the annual stockholders’ meeting and at the place where such meeting is held or at the place announced by the chairman at such meeting.  No notice of an annual meeting of the Board of Directors shall be necessary, and such meeting shall be held for the purpose of electing officers and transacting such other business as may lawfully come before it.
 
(b)           Except as hereinafter otherwise provided, regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may also be held at any place, within or without the State of Delaware, which has been designated by resolutions of the Board of Directors or the written consent of all directors.
 
(c)           Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place within or without the State of Delaware whenever called by the Chairman of the Board or, if there is no Chairman of the Board, by the Chief Executive Officer, or by any of the directors.
 
(d)           Written notice of the time and place of all regular and special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be delivered personally to each director or sent by any form of electronic transmission at least 48 hours before the start of the meeting, or sent by first class mail at least 120 hours before the start of the meeting.  Notice of any meeting may be waived in writing at any time before or after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat.
 
Section 3.6             Quorum and Voting.
 
(a)           A quorum of the Board of Directors shall consist of a majority of the exact number of directors fixed from time to time in accordance with Section 3.1 of Article 3 of these Bylaws, but not less than one; provided, however, at any meeting, whether a quorum be present or otherwise, a majority of the directors present may adjourn from time to time until the time fixed for the next regular meeting of the Board of Directors, without notice other than by announcement at the meeting.
 
 
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(b)           At each meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, all questions and business determined by a vote of a majority of the directors present shall be deemed an act of the Board of Directors, unless a different vote be required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these Bylaws. In the event of a tie in the voting of the Board of Directors, the independent directors, as defined by the NASDAQ listing standards, shall cast the deciding vote. In the event of a tie in such voting of the independent directors, the Chairman of the Board of Directors shall cast the deciding vote.
 
(c)           Any member of the Board of Directors, or of any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting by means of conference telephone or other communication equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
 
(d)           The transactions of any meeting of the Board of Directors, or any committee thereof, however called or noticed, or wherever held, shall be as valid as though had at a meeting duly held after regular call and notice if a quorum be present and if, either before or after the meeting, each of the directors not present shall sign a written waiver of notice, or a consent to holding such meeting, or an approval of the minutes thereof.  All such waivers, consents or approvals shall be filed with the corporate records or made a part of the minutes of the meeting.
 
Section 3.7             Action Without Meeting.
 
Unless otherwise restricted by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of Directors or of such committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and such writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.  Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
 
Section 3.8             Fees and Compensation.
 
Directors and members of committees may receive such compensation, if any, for their services, and such reimbursement for expenses, as may be fixed or determined by resolution of the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.9            Committees.
 
(a)            Executive Committee:   The Board of Directors may appoint an Executive Committee of at least two members, each of whom shall be a director.  To the extent permitted by law, the Executive Committee shall have and may exercise when the Board of Directors is not in session all powers of the Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation, except such committee shall not have the power or authority to amend these Bylaws or to approve or recommend to the stockholders any action which must be submitted to stockholders for approval under the Delaware General Corporation Law.
 
 
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(a)            Other Committees: The Board of Directors may, by resolution passed by a majority of the whole Board of Directors, from time to time appoint such other committees as may be permitted by law.  Such other committees appointed by the Board of Directors shall have such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the resolution or resolutions creating such committee, but in no event shall any such committee have the powers denied to the Executive Committee in these Bylaws.
 
(b)            Term:   The terms of members of all committees of the Board of Directors shall expire on the date of the next annual meeting of the Board of Directors following their appointment; provided that they shall continue in office until their successors are appointed.  Subject to the provisions of subsections (a) or (b) of this Section 3.9, the Board of Directors may at any time increase or decrease the number of members of a committee or terminate the existence of a committee; provided that no committee shall consist of less than one member.  The membership of a committee member shall terminate on the date of his death or voluntary resignation, but the Board of Directors may at any time for any reason remove any individual committee member and the Board of Directors may fill any committee vacancy created by death, resignation, removal or increase in the number of members of the committee.  The Board of Directors may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member at any meeting of the committee, and, in addition, in the absence or disqualification of any member of a committee, the member or members thereof present at any meeting and not disqualified from voting, whether or not he or they constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board of Directors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member.
 
(c)            Meetings:   Unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide, regular meetings of the Executive Committee or any other committee appointed pursuant to this Section 3.9 shall be held at such times and places as are determined by the Board of Directors, or by any such committee, and when notice thereof has been given to each member of such committee, no further notice of such regular meetings need be given thereafter; special meetings of any such committee may be held at the principal executive office of the Corporation or at any place which has been designated from time to time by resolution of such committee or by written consent of all members thereof, and may be called by any director who is a member of such committee upon written notice to the members of such committee of the time and place of such special meeting given in the manner provided for the giving of written notice to members of the Board of Directors of the time and place of special meetings of the Board of Directors.  Notice of any special meeting of any committee may be waived in writing at any time after the meeting and will be waived by any director by attendance thereat.  A majority of the authorized number of members of any such committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of those present at any meeting at which a quorum is present shall be the act of such committee.
 
 
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ARTICLE 4
 
OFFICERS
 
Section 4.1            Officers Designated.
 
The officers of the Corporation shall be the Chief Executive Officer, the Treasurer and the Secretary.  The Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer may also appoint a Chairman of the Board, Assistant Treasurers, one or more Vice-Presidents or Assistant Secretaries, and such other officers and agents with such powers and duties as it or he shall deem necessary.  The order of the seniority of the Vice-Presidents shall be in the order of their nomination unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors may assign such additional titles to one or more of the officers as they shall deem appropriate.  Any one person may hold any number of offices of the Corporation at any one time unless specifically prohibited therefrom by law.  The salaries and other compensation of the officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by or in the manner designated by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 4.2           Tenure and Duties of Officers.
 
(a)            General:   All officers shall hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and until their successors shall have been duly elected and qualified, unless sooner removed.  Any officer elected or appointed by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the Board of Directors.  If the office of any officer becomes vacant for any reason, the vacancy may be filled by the Board of Directors.  Nothing in these Bylaws shall be construed as creating any kind of contractual right to employment with the Corporation.
 
(b)            Duties of the Chairman of the Board of Directors: The Chairman of the Board of Directors (if there be such an officer appointed) shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation and when present shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and the Board of Directors.  The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
 
(c)            Duties of Chief Executive Officer:   The Chief Executive Officer shall be the chief executive officer of the Corporation in the absence of the Chairman of the Board and shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and at all meetings of the Board of Directors, unless the Chairman of the Board of Directors has been appointed and is present.  The Chief Executive Officer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.
 
(d)           (f)            Duties of Treasurer:   The Treasurer shall keep or cause to be kept the books of account of the Corporation in a thorough and proper manner, and shall render statements of the financial affairs of the Corporation in such form and as often as required by the Board of Directors or the President.  The Treasurer, subject to the order of the Board of Directors, shall have the custody of all funds and securities of the Corporation.  The Treasurer shall perform all other duties commonly incident to his office and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President shall designate from time to time.  The President may direct any Assistant Treasurer to assume and perform the duties of the Treasurer in the absence or disability of the Treasurer, and each Assistant Treasurer shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the President shall designate from time to time.  The Treasurer shall also be the chief financial officer of the Corporation unless otherwise designated by the Board of Directors.
 
 
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(e)            Duties of Vice-Presidents:   The Vice-Presidents, in the order of their seniority, may assume and perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer in the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer or whenever the office of the Chief Executive Officer is vacant.  The Vice-President shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall designate from time to time.
 
(f)            Duties of Secretary:   The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and of the Board of Directors and any committee thereof, and shall record all acts and proceedings thereof in the minute book of the Corporation, which may be maintained in either paper or electronic form.  The Secretary shall give notice, in conformity with these Bylaws, of all meetings of the stockholders and of all meetings of the Board of Directors and any committee thereof requiring notice.  The Secretary shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors shall designate from time to time.  The Chief Executive Officer may direct any Assistant Secretary to assume and perform the duties of the Secretary in the absence or disability of the Secretary, and each Assistant Secretary shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall designate from time to time.
 
ARTICLE 5
 
EXECUTION OF CORPORATE INSTRUMENTS, AND
VOTING OF SECURITIES OWNED BY THE CORPORATION
 
Section 5.1              Execution of Corporate Instruments.
 
(a)           The Board of Directors may in its discretion determine the method and designate the signatory officer or officers, or other person or persons, to execute any corporate instrument or document, or to sign the corporate name without limitation, except where otherwise provided by law, and such execution or signature shall be binding upon the Corporation.
 
(b)           Unless otherwise specifically determined by the Board of Directors or otherwise required by law, formal contracts of the Corporation, promissory notes, deeds of trust, mortgages and other evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, and other corporate instruments or documents requiring the corporate seal, and certificates of shares of stock owned by the Corporation, shall be executed, signed or endorsed by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed) or by the Chief Executive Officer; such documents may also be executed by any Vice-President and by the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary.  All other instruments and documents requiring the corporate signature but not requiring the corporate seal may be executed as aforesaid or in such other manner as may be directed by the Board of Directors.
 
 
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(c)           All checks and drafts drawn on banks or other depositaries on funds to the credit of the Corporation or in special accounts of the Corporation shall be signed by such person or persons as the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer shall authorize so to do.
 
(d)           Execution of any corporate instrument may be effected in such form, either manual, facsimile or electronic signature, as may be authorized by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
 
Section 5.2             Voting of Securities Owned by Corporation.
 
All stock and other securities of other Corporations owned or held by the Corporation for itself or for other parties in any capacity shall be voted, and all proxies with respect thereto shall be executed, by the person authorized so to do by resolution of the Board of Directors or, in the absence of such authorization, by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), or by the Chief Executive Officer, or by any Vice-President.
 
ARTICLE 6
 
SHARES OF STOCK
 
Section 6.1             Form and Execution of Certificates.
 
The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares.  Any such resolution shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation.  Certificates for the shares of stock of the Corporation shall be in such form as is consistent with the Certificate of Incorporation and applicable law.  Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by, or in the name of the Corporation by, the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), or by the Chief Executive Officer or any Vice-President and by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation.  Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile.  In case any officer, transfer agent, or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent, or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent, or registrar at the date of issue.  If the Corporation shall be authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise provided in Section 202 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.
 
 
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Section 6.2             Lost Certificates.
 
The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate or certificates (or uncertificated shares in lieu of a new certificate) to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost or destroyed.  When authorizing such issue of a new certificate or certificates (or uncertificated shares in lieu of a new certificate), the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost or destroyed certificate or certificates, or his legal representative, to indemnify the Corporation in such manner as it shall require and/or to give the Corporation a surety bond in such form and amount as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost or destroyed.
 
Section 6.3             Transfers.
 
Transfers of record of shares of stock of the Corporation shall be made only upon its books by the holders thereof, in person or by attorney duly authorized, who shall furnish proper evidence of authority to transfer,  and in the case of stock represented by a certificate, upon the surrender of a certificate or certificates for a like number of shares, properly endorsed.
 
Section 6.4             Fixing Record Dates.
 
(a)           In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting.  If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the date on which the meeting is held.  A determination of stockholders of record entitled notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.
 
(b)           In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which date shall not be more than 10 days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors.  If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall be the first date on which a signed written consent or electronic transmission setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business, or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded; provided that any such electronic transmission shall satisfy the requirements of Section 2.11(b) and, unless the Board of Directors otherwise provides by resolution, no such consent by electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been delivered until such consent is reproduced in paper form and until such paper form shall be delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware, its principal place of business or an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the book in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded.  Delivery made to a Corporation’s registered office shall be by hand or by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested.  If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by law, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing or by electronic transmission without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.
 
 
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(c)           In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than 60 days prior to such action.  If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.
 
Section 6.5             Registered Stockholders.
 
The Corporation shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a person registered on its books as the owner of shares to receive dividends and to vote as such owner, and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of Delaware.
 
ARTICLE 7
 
OTHER SECURITIES OF THE CORPORATION
 
All bonds, debentures and other corporate securities of the Corporation, other than stock certificates, may be signed by the Chairman of the Board (if there be such an officer appointed), or the Chief Executive Officer or any Vice-President or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors and the corporate seal impressed thereon or a facsimile of such seal imprinted thereon and attested by the signature of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary, or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer; provided, however, that where any such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be authenticated by the manual signature of a trustee under an indenture pursuant to which such bond, debenture or other corporate security shall be issued, the signature of the persons signing and attesting the corporate seal on such bond, debenture or other corporate security may be the imprinted facsimile of the signatures of such persons.  Interest coupons appertaining to any such bond, debenture or other corporate security, authenticated by a trustee as aforesaid, shall be signed by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer of the Corporation, or such other person as may be authorized by the Board of Directors, or bear imprinted thereon the facsimile signature of such person.  In case any officer who shall have signed or attested any bond, debenture or other corporate security, or whose facsimile signature shall appear thereon has ceased to be an officer of the Corporation before the bond, debenture or other corporate security so signed or attested shall have been delivered, such bond, debenture or other corporate security nevertheless may be adopted by the Corporation and issued and delivered as though the person who signed the same or whose facsimile signature shall have been used thereon had not ceased to be such officer of the Corporation.
 
 
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ARTICLE 8
 
INDEMNIFICATION OF OFFICERS, DIRECTORS, EMPLOYEES AND AGENTS
 
Section 8.1             Right to Indemnification.
 
Each person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved (as a party, witness, or otherwise), in any threatened, pending, or completed action, suit, or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative, or investigative (hereinafter a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he, or a person of whom he is the legal representative, is or was a director, officer, employee, or agent of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, or agent of another Corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust, or other enterprise, including service with respect to employee benefit plans, whether the basis of the Proceeding is alleged action in an official capacity as a director, officer, employee, or agent or in any other capacity while serving as a director, officer, employee, or agent (hereafter an “Agent”), shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent authorized by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended or interpreted (but, in the case of any such amendment or interpretation, only to the extent that such amendment or interpretation permits the Corporation to provide broader indemnification rights than were permitted prior thereto) against all expenses, liability, and loss (including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines, ERISA excise taxes or penalties, and amounts paid or to be paid in settlement, and any interest, assessments, or other charges imposed thereon, and any federal, state, local, or foreign taxes imposed on any Agent as a result of the actual or deemed receipt of any payments under this Article) reasonably incurred or suffered by such person in connection with investigating, defending, being a witness in, or participating in (including on appeal), or preparing for any of the foregoing in, any Proceeding (hereinafter “Expenses”); provided, however , that except as to actions to enforce indemnification rights pursuant to Section 8.3 of this Article, the Corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify any Agent seeking indemnification in connection with a Proceeding (or part thereof) initiated by such person unless the Proceeding (or part thereof) was authorized by the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
 
 
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Section 8.2             Authority to Advance Expenses.
 
Expenses incurred by an officer or director (acting in his capacity as such) in defending a Proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of the final disposition of such Proceeding, provided, however, that if required by the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, such Expenses shall be advanced only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking by or on behalf of such director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation as authorized in this Article or otherwise.  Expenses incurred by other Agents of the Corporation (or by the directors or officers not acting in their capacity as such, including service with respect to employee benefit plans) may be advanced upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors deems appropriate.  Any obligation to reimburse the Corporation for Expense advances shall be unsecured and no interest shall be charged thereon.
 
Section 8.3             Right of Claimant to Bring Suit.
 
If a claim under Section 8.1 or 8.2 of this Article is not paid in full by the Corporation, the claimant may bring suit against the Corporation to recover the unpaid amount of the claim and, if successful in whole or in part, the claimant shall be entitled to be paid also the expense (including attorneys’ fees) of prosecuting such claim.  It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending a Proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct that make it permissible under the Delaware General Corporation Law for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed.  The burden of proving such a defense shall be on the Corporation.  Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper under the circumstances because he has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel, or its stockholders) that the claimant had not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.
 
Section 8.4             Provisions Nonexclusive.
 
The rights conferred on any person by this Article shall not be exclusive of any other rights that such person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action in an official capacity and as to action in another capacity while holding such office.  To the extent that any provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, agreement, or vote of the stockholders or disinterested directors is inconsistent with these Bylaws, the provision, agreement, or vote shall take precedence.
 
Section 8.5             Authority to Insure.
 
The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance to protect itself and any Agent against any Expense, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify the Agent against such Expense under applicable law or the provisions of this Article.
 
 
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Section 8.6             Enforcement of Rights
 
Without the necessity of entering into an express contract, all rights provided under this Article shall be deemed to be contractual rights and be effective to the same extent and as if provided for in a contract between the Corporation and such Agent.  Any rights granted by this Article to an Agent shall be enforceable by or on behalf of the person holding such right in any court of competent jurisdiction.
 
Section 8.7             Survival of Rights.
 
The rights provided by this Article shall continue as to a person who has ceased to be an Agent and shall inure to the benefit of the heirs, executors, and administrators of such a person.
 
Section 8.8             Settlement of Claims.
 
The Corporation shall not be liable to indemnify any Agent under this Article (a) for any amounts paid in settlement of any action or claim effected without the Corporation’s written consent, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld; or (b) for any judicial award if the Corporation was not given a reasonable and timely opportunity, at its expense, to participate in the defense of such action.
 
Section 8.9             Effect of Amendment.
 
Any amendment, repeal, or modification of this Article that adversely affects any rights provided in this Article to an Agent shall only be effective upon the prior written consent of such Agent.
 
Section 8.10           Primacy of Indemnification.
 
Notwithstanding that an Agent may have certain rights to indemnification, advancement of expenses and/or insurance provided by other persons (collectively, the “Other Indemnitors”), the Corporation: (i) shall be the indemnitor of first resort (i.e., its obligations to an Agent are primary and any obligation of the Other Indemnitors to advance expenses or to provide indemnification for the same expenses or liabilities incurred by such Agent are secondary); (ii) shall required to advance the full amount of expenses incurred by an Agent and shall be liable for the full amount of all Expenses, without regard to any rights such Agent may have against any of the Other Indemnitor.  No advancement or payment by the Other Indemnitors on behalf of an Agent with respect to any claim for which such Agent has sought indemnification from the Corporation shall affect the immediately preceding sentence, and the Other Indemnitors shall have a right of contribution and/or be subrogated to the extent of such advancement or payment to all of the rights of recovery of such Agent against the Corporation.
 
Section 8.11           Subrogation.
 
In the event of payment under this Article, the Corporation shall be subrogated to the extent of such payment to all of the rights of recovery of the Agent (other than against the Other Indemnitors), who shall execute all papers required and shall do everything that may be necessary to secure such rights, including the execution of such documents necessary to enable the Corporation effectively to bring suit to enforce such rights.
 
 
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Section 8.12           No Duplication of Payments.
 
Except as otherwise set forth in Section 8.10 above, the Corporation shall not be liable under this Article to make any payment in connection with any claim made against the Agent to the extent the Agent has otherwise actually received payment (under any insurance policy, agreement, vote, or otherwise) of the amounts otherwise indemnifiable hereunder.
 
Section 8.13           Saving Clause.
 
If this Article or any portion hereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then the Corporation shall nevertheless indemnify each Agent to the fullest extent not prohibited by any applicable portion of this Article that shall not have been invalidated, or by any other applicable law.
 
ARTICLE 9
 
NOTICES
 
Whenever, under any provisions of these Bylaws, notice is required to be given to any stockholder, the same shall be given either (1) in writing, timely and duly deposited in the United States Mail, postage prepaid, and addressed to his last known post office address as shown by the stock record of the Corporation or its transfer agent, or (2) by a means of electronic transmission that satisfies the requirements of Section 2.4(e) of these Bylaws, and has been consented to by the stockholder to whom the notice is given.  Any notice required to be given to any director may be given by either of the methods hereinabove stated, except that such notice other than one which is delivered personally, shall be sent to such address or (in the case of electronic communication) such e-mail address, facsimile telephone number or other form of electronic address as such director shall have filed in writing or by electronic communication with the Secretary of the Corporation, or, in the absence of such filing, to the last known post office address of such director.  If no address of a stockholder or director be known, such notice may be sent to the principal executive office of the Corporation.  An affidavit of mailing, executed by a duly authorized and competent employee of the Corporation or its transfer agent appointed with respect to the class of stock affected, specifying the name and address or the names and addresses of the stockholder or stockholders, director or directors, to whom any such notice or notices was or were given, and the time and method of giving the same, shall be conclusive evidence of the statements therein contained.  All notices given by mail, as above provided, shall be deemed to have been given as at the time of mailing and all notices given by means of electronic transmission shall be deemed to have been given as at the sending time recorded by the electronic transmission equipment operator transmitting the same.  It shall not be necessary that the same method of giving notice be employed in respect of all directors, but one permissible method may be employed in respect of any one or more, and any other permissible method or methods may be employed in respect of any other or others.  The period or limitation of time within which any stockholder may exercise any option or right, or enjoy any privilege or benefit, or be required to act, or within which any director may exercise any power or right, or enjoy any privilege, pursuant to any notice sent him in the manner above provided, shall not be affected or extended in any manner by the failure of such a stockholder or such director to receive such notice.  Whenever any notice is required to be given under the provisions of the statutes or of the Certificate of Incorporation, or of these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing signed by the person or persons entitled to said notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent thereto.  Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws of the Corporation, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person.  Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given. In the event that the action taken by the Corporation is such as to require the filing of a certificate under any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law, the certificate shall state, if such is the fact and if notice is required, that notice was given to all persons entitled to receive notice except such persons with whom communication is unlawful.
 
 
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ARTICLE 10
 
AMENDMENTS
 
Except as otherwise provided in Sections 3.1 or 8.9 above, these Bylaws may be repealed, altered or amended or new Bylaws adopted at any meeting of the stockholders, either annual or special, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the stock entitled to vote at such meeting, unless a larger vote is required by these Bylaws or the Certificate of Incorporation.  Except as otherwise provided in Section 8.9 above, the Board of Directors shall also have the authority to repeal, alter or amend these Bylaws or adopt new Bylaws (including, without limitation, the amendment of any Bylaws setting forth the number of directors who shall constitute the whole Board of Directors) by unanimous written consent or at any annual, regular, or special meeting by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole number of directors, subject to the power of the stockholders to change or repeal such Bylaws.
 
ARTICLE 11
 
Annual and Other Reports
 
Section 11.1           Reports to Stockholders.
 
The Board of Directors of the Corporation shall cause an annual report to be sent to the stockholders not later than 120 days after the close of the fiscal year, and at least fifteen (15) days (or, if sent by third-class mail, thirty-five (35) days) prior to the annual meeting of stockholders to be held during the next fiscal year.  If approved by the Board of Directors, the report and any accompanying material may be sent by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof).  This report shall contain a balance sheet as of the end of that fiscal year and an income statement and statement of changes in financial position for that fiscal year, accompanied by any report thereon of independent accountants or, if there is no such report, the certificate of an authorized officer of the Corporation that the statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Corporation.  This report shall also contain such other matters as required by Section 1501(b) of the California General Corporation Law, unless the Corporation is subject to the reporting requirements of Section 13 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and is not exempted therefrom under Section 12(g)(2) thereof.  As long as the Corporation has less than 100 holders of record of its shares (determined as provided in Section 605 of the California General Corporation Law), the foregoing requirement of an annual report is hereby waived.
 
 
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If no annual report for the last fiscal year has been sent to stockholders, and to the extent required by Section 2115 of the California General Corporation Law (whether because Section 2115(c) no longer applies to the Corporation or otherwise), the Corporation shall, upon the written request of any stockholder made more than 120 days after the close of such fiscal year, deliver (including by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof) or mail to the person making the request within thirty (30) days thereafter the financial statements for such year as required by Section 1501(a) of the California General Corporation Law.  A stockholder or stockholders holding at least five percent (5%) of the outstanding shares of any class of the Corporation may make a written request to the Corporation for an income statement of the Corporation for the three-month, six-month or nine-month period of the current fiscal year ended more than thirty (30) days prior to the date of the request and a balance sheet of the Corporation as of the end of such period and, in addition, if no annual report for the last fiscal year has been sent to stockholders, the annual report for the last fiscal year, unless such report has been waived under these Bylaws.  The statements shall be delivered (including by electronic transmission by the Corporation (as defined in Section 2.4 hereof) if such transmission is permitted to such stockholder pursuant to such definition) or mailed to the person making the request within thirty (30) days thereafter.  A copy of any such statements shall be kept on file in the principal executive office of the Corporation for twelve (12) months, and they shall be exhibited at all reasonable times to any stockholder demanding an examination of the statements, or a copy shall be mailed to the stockholder.
 
The quarterly income statements and balance sheets referred to in this section shall be accompanied by the report thereon, if any, of any independent accountants engaged by the Corporation or the certificate of an authorized officer of the Corporation that the financial statements were prepared without audit from the books and records of the Corporation.
 
Section 11.2           Reports to the Secretary of State.
 
(a)           Except as otherwise required by the Secretary of State of the State of California, every year, and to the extent required by Section 2117 of the California General Corporation Law, during the applicable filing period, the Corporation shall file a statement with the Secretary of State of the State of California in compliance with Section 2117 of the California General Corporation Law.
 
(b)           Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, if there has been no change in the information contained in the Corporation’s last annual statement on file in the Secretary of State of the State of California’s office, the Corporation may in lieu of filing the annual statement described in paragraph (a) of this section, advise the Secretary of State of the State of California, on the appropriate form, that no changes in the required information have occurred during the applicable period, as permitted by Section 2117(f) and Section 1502(c) of the California General Corporation Law.
 
 
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(c)           In addition to the statement required pursuant to paragraph (a) of this section, except as otherwise required by the Secretary of State of the State of California, if and as long as the Corporation is a "publicly traded corporation" (as defined in Section 2117(b)(1) of the California General Corporation Law), within 150 days after the end of its fiscal year, each year it shall file a certified statement in compliance with Section 2117.1 of the California General Corporation Law.
 
Section 11.3           Effectiveness of Article 11.
 
If at any time following the adoption of these Bylaws the Corporation is no longer subject to Section 2115 of the California General Corporation Law, this Article 11 shall cease to apply to the Corporation and it shall have no further obligation to deliver any of the reports to its stockholders or to the Secretary of State of California as herein described.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY
 
The undersigned, Secretary of Truett-Hurst, Inc., a Delaware corporation, hereby certifies that the foregoing is a full, true and correct copy of the Bylaws of said corporation, with all amendments to date of this Certificate.
 
WITNESS the signature of the undersigned this ___ day of April, 2013.
 

 
 
   
 
Paul E. Dolan, III, Secretary
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Exhibit 3.4

 


 
H.D.D. LLC
a California Limited Liability Company

 


 
 
 
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
OPERATING AGREEMENT
 
 
 
DATED AS OF __________, 2013
 
 
 
 
THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTERESTS IN H.D.D. LLC HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE U.S. SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING SOLD IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH INTERESTS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT; AND (III) ANY OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS AGREED TO IN WRITING BETWEEN THE MANAGING MEMBER AND THE APPLICABLE MEMBER. THE LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTERESTS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS, THIS THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT, AND ANY OTHER TERMS AND CONDITIONS AGREED TO IN WRITING BY THE MANAGING MEMBER AND THE APPLICABLE MEMBER. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY INTERESTS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
   
Page
     
ARTICLE I                    DEFINITIONS
1
               
Section 1.1
Definitions
1
 
Section 1.2
Terms Generally
9
ARTICLE II                   GENERAL PROVISIONS
10
 
Section 2.1
Formation
10
 
Section 2.2
Name
10
 
Section 2.3
Term
11
 
Section 2.4
Purpose; Powers
11
 
Section 2.5
Existence and Good Standing; Foreign Qualification
11
 
Section 2.6
Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices
11
 
Section 2.7
No State Law Partnership
12
 
Section 2.8
Admission
12
ARTICLE III                  CAPITALIZATION
12
 
Section 3.1
Units; Initial Capitalization; Schedules
12
 
Section 3.2
Authorization and Issuance of Additional Units
13
 
Section 3.3
Capital Accounts
14
 
Section 3.4
No Withdrawal
17
 
Section 3.5
Loans From Members
17
 
Section 3.6
No Right of Partition
17
 
Section 3.7
Non-Certification of Units; Legend; Units are Securities
17
ARTICLE IV                   DISTRIBUTIONS
19
 
Section 4.1
Distributions
19
 
Section 4.2
Successors
19
 
Section 4.3
Tax Distributions
20
 
Section 4.4
Withholding
20
 
Section 4.5
Security Interest and Right of Set Off; Indemnification
20
 
Section 4.6
Certain Distributions
21
 
Section 4.7
Limitation
21
ARTICLE V                   ALLOCATIONS
21
 
Section 5.1
Allocations for Capital Account Purposes
21
 
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
 
     
Page
       
 
Section 5.2
Allocations for Tax Purposes
24
 
Section 5.3
Members’ Tax Reporting
25
 
Section 5.4
Certain Costs and Expenses
26
ARTICLE VI                   MANAGEMENT
26
 
Section 6.1
Managing Member; Delegation of Authority and Duties
26
 
Section 6.2
Officers
28
 
Section 6.3
Liability of Members
29
 
Section 6.4
Indemnification by the Company
29
 
Section 6.5
Investment Representations of Members
30
ARTICLE VII                 WITHDRAWAL; DISSOLUTION; TRANSFER OF MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS; ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS
30
 
Section 7.1
Member Withdrawal
30
 
Section 7.2
Dissolution
30
 
Section 7.3
Transfer by Members
32
 
Section 7.4
Admission or Substitution of New Members
32
 
Section 7.5
Additional Requirements
34
 
Section 7.6
Mandatory Exchange
34
 
Section 7.7
Bankruptcy
34
ARTICLE VIII                BOOKS AND RECORDS; FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION; TAX MATTERS
34
 
Section 8.1
Books and Records
34
 
Section 8.2
Information
34
 
Section 8.3
Fiscal Year
35
 
Section 8.4
Certain Tax Matters
35
ARTICLE IX                  MISCELLANEOUS
36
 
Section 9.1
Separate Agreements; Schedules
36
 
Section 9.2
Governing Law
37
 
Section 9.3
Successors and Assigns
37
 
Section 9.4
Amendments and Waivers
37
 
Section 9.5
Notices
38
 
Section 9.6
Counterparts
38
 
 
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
 
     
Page
       
 
Section 9.7
Power of Attorney
39
 
Section 9.8
Entire Agreement
39
 
Section 9.9
Remedies
39
 
Section 9.10
Severability
39
 
Section 9.11
Creditors
39
 
Section 9.12
Waiver
40
 
Section 9.13
Further Action
40
 
Section 9.14
Delivery by Facsimile or Email
40
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
OPERATING AGREEMENT
OF
H.D.D. LLC
A California Limited Liability Company
 
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT of H.D.D. LLC (the “ Company ”), dated and effective as of [ Ÿ ], 2013 (this “ Agreement ”), is adopted, executed and agreed to, for good and valuable consideration, by and among the Members (as defined below).
 
WHEREAS, on October 23, 2007, Articles of Organization for the Company, as organized under the laws of the State of California, were filed with the California Secretary of State as file number 200729610091.
 
WHEREAS, the Company was governed by that certain Operating Agreement for H.D.D. LLC, as of October 30, 2007 (the “ Original Agreement ”);
 
WHEREAS, as of June 4, 2008, the Original Agreement was amended and restated in accordance with its terms (the “ First Amended Agreement ”);
 
WHEREAS, as of January 1, 2010, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated in accordance with its terms (the “ Second Amended Agreement ”);
 
WHEREAS, the Members (as defined in the Second Amended Agreement) wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement in accordance with its terms and, in connection therewith, to (1) convert all outstanding limited liability company interests in the Company into LLC Units (as defined below) and (2) admit Truett-Hurst, Inc., a Delaware corporation, as sole Managing Member of the Company; and
 
WHEREAS, the parties hereto desire to enter into this Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement of the Company.
 
NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereto, each intending to be legally bound, agree that the Second Amended Agreement is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
 
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
 
Section 1.1     Definitions .
 
Unless the context otherwise requires, the following terms shall have the following meanings for purposes of this Agreement:
 
 
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Act ” means the Beverly-Killea Limited Liability Company Act (California Corporations Code Sections 17000-17657), as it may be amended from time to time, and any successor to the Act.
 
Additional Member ” means any Person that has been admitted to the Company as a Member pursuant to Section 7.4 by virtue of having received its Membership Interest from the Company and not from any other Member or Assignee.
 
Adjusted Capital Account ” means the Capital Account maintained for each Member as of the end of each Fiscal Year of the Company, (a) increased by any amounts that such Member is obligated to restore under the standards set by Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c) (or is deemed obligated to restore under Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5)) and (b) decreased by (i) the amount of all losses and deductions that, as of the end of such Fiscal Year, are reasonably expected to be allocated to such Member in subsequent years under Sections 704(e)(2) and 706(d) of the Code and Treasury Regulations Section 1.751-1(b)(2)(ii), and (ii) the amount of all distributions that, as of the end of such Fiscal Year, are reasonably expected to be made to such Member in subsequent years in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or otherwise to the extent they exceed offsetting increases to such Member’s Capital Account that are reasonably expected to occur during (or prior to) the year in which such distributions are reasonably expected to be made (other than increases as a result of a minimum gain chargeback pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(i) or Section 5.1(b)(ii) ). The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith. The “Adjusted Capital Account” of a Member in respect of a Unit shall be the amount that such Adjusted Capital Account would be if such Unit were the only interest in the Company held by such Member from and after the date on which such Unit was first issued.
 
Adjusted Property ” means any property the Carrying Value of which has been adjusted pursuant to Section 3.3(c)(i) or Section 3.3(c)(ii) .
 
Affiliate ” when used with reference to another Person means any Person (other than the Company), directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, such other Person. In addition, Affiliates of a Member shall include all its directors, managers, officers and employees in their capacities as such.
 
Agreed Value ” of any Contributed Property means the Fair Market Value of such property or other consideration at the time of contribution as determined by the Managing Member, without taking into account any liabilities to which such Contributed Property was subject at such time. The Managing Member shall use such method as it determines to be appropriate to allocate the aggregate Agreed Value of Contributed Properties contributed to the Company in a single or integrated transaction among each separate property on a basis proportional to the Fair Market Value of each Contributed Property.
 
Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereto.
 
Articles of Organization ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1 .
 
 
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Assignee ” means any Transferee to which a Member or another Assignee has Transferred all or a portion of its interest in the Company in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, but that is not admitted to the Company as a Member.
 
Assumed Tax Rate ” means, for any taxable year, the highest marginal effective rate of federal, state and local income tax applicable to an individual resident in New York, New York (or, if higher, a corporation doing business in New York, New York), taking account of any differences in rates applicable to ordinary income and capital gains and any allowable deductions in respect of such state and local taxes in computing a Member’s liability for federal income tax.
 
Bankruptcy ” means, with respect to any Person, being the subject of an order for relief under Title 11 of the United States Code, or any successor statute or other statute in any foreign jurisdiction having like import or effect.
 
Book-Tax Disparity ” means, with respect to any item of Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, as of the date of any determination, the difference between the Carrying Value of such Contributed Property or Adjusted Property and the adjusted basis thereof for federal income tax purposes as of such date.
 
Business Day ” means any day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required to close.
 
Capital Account ” means the capital account maintained for a Member pursuant to Section 3.3 .
 
Capital Contribution ” means any cash, cash equivalents or the Fair Market Value of other property that a Member contributes to the Company with respect to any Unit or other Equity Securities issued by the Company (net of liabilities assumed by the Company or to which such property is subject).
 
Carrying Value ” means (a) with respect to a Contributed Property, subject to the following sentence, the Agreed Value of such property reduced (but not below zero) by all depreciation, amortization and cost recovery deductions charged to the Members’ Capital Accounts in respect of such Contributed Property, and (b) with respect to any other Company property, subject to the following sentence, the adjusted basis of such property for federal income tax purposes, all as of the time of determination. The Carrying Value of any property shall be adjusted from time to time in accordance with Section 3.3(c)(i) and Section 3.3(c)(ii) and to reflect changes, additions or other adjustments to the Carrying Value for dispositions and acquisitions of Company properties, as deemed appropriate by the Managing Member.
 
Class ” means the classes into which the limited liability company interests in the Company created in accordance with Section 3.1 and Section 3.2(a) may be classified or divided from time to time by the Managing Member in its sole discretion pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement. As of the date of this Agreement the only Class is the LLC Units. Subclasses within a Class shall not be separate Classes for purposes of this Agreement. For all purposes hereunder and under the Act, only such Classes expressly established under this Agreement, including by the Managing Member in accordance with this Agreement, shall be deemed to be a Class or group of limited liability company interests in the Company. For the avoidance of doubt, to the extent that the Managing Member holds limited liability company interests of any Class, the Managing Member shall not be deemed to hold a separate Class of such interests from any other Member because it is the Managing Member.
 
 
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Class A Membership Interest ” has the meaning set forth in the Second Amended Agreement.
 
Class B Membership Interest ” has the meaning set forth in the Second Amended Agreement.
 
Code ” means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
 
Company ” has the meaning set forth in the preamble hereto.
 
Company Minimum Gain ” has the meaning set forth for the term “partnership minimum gain” in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(d).
 
Contributed Property ” means any property contributed to the Company by a Member.
 
Control ” means, when used with reference to any Person, the power to direct the management or policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, by or through stock or other equity ownership, agency or otherwise, or pursuant to or in connection with an agreement, arrangement or other understanding (written or oral); and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” shall have meanings correlative to the foregoing.
 
Distributable Assets ” means, with respect to any fiscal period, all cash receipts (including from any operating, investing and financing activities) and (if distribution thereof is determined to be necessary or desirable by the Managing Member) other assets of the Company from any and all sources, reduced by operating cash expenses, contributions of capital to Subsidiaries of the Company and payments (if any) required to be made in connection with any loan to the Company and any reserve for contingencies or escrow required, in each case, as is determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion.
 
Economic Risk of Loss ” has the meaning set forth in Section 5.1(b)(vi) .
 
Equity Securities ” means, as applicable, (i) any capital stock, limited liability company or membership interests, partnership interests, or other equity interest, (ii) any securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock, limited liability company or membership interests, partnership interests, or other equity interest or containing any profit participation features, (iii) any rights or options directly or indirectly to subscribe for or to purchase any capital stock, limited liability company or membership interests, partnership interest, other equity interest or securities containing any profit participation features or to subscribe for or to purchase any securities directly or indirectly convertible into or exchangeable for any capital stock, limited liability company or membership interests, partnership interest, other equity interests or securities containing any profit participation features, (iv) any equity appreciation rights, phantom equity rights or other similar rights, or (v) any Equity Securities issued or issuable with respect to the securities referred to in clauses (i) through (iv) above in connection with a combination, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
 
 
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Exchange Agreement ” means the Exchange Agreement, dated on or about the date hereof among the Managing Member and the LLC Unitholders (as defined therein) from time to time party thereto, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
 
Fair Market Value ” means (i) in reference to a particular Unit or other Equity Security issued by the Company or, as the case may be, all of the outstanding Units or other Equity Securities issued by the Company, the hypothetical amount that would be distributed with respect to such Unit(s) or Equity Security(ies), as determined pursuant to an appraisal, which appraisal shall be subject to the approval of the Managing Member, performed at the expense of the Company by (A) the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or (B) an investment bank, accounting firm or other Person of national standing having particular expertise in the valuation of businesses comparable to that of the Company selected by the Managing Member, and where such appraisal (1) determines the net equity value of the Company, and (2) assumes the distribution to the Members pursuant to Section 4.1 and ARTICLE VII of the proceeds that would hypothetically be received with respect to such Unit(s) or other Equity Security(ies) issued by the Company based on such net equity value, and (ii) in reference to assets or securities other than Units or other Equity Securities issued by the Company, the fair market value for such assets or securities as between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arm’s length transaction occurring on the date of valuation, taking into account all relevant factors determinative of value, as is determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion.
 
First Amended Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereto.
 
Fiscal Year ” means the fiscal year of the Company, which unless otherwise determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion shall be each period ending on December 31.
 
GAAP ” means accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, consistently applied and maintained throughout the applicable periods.
 
Good Faith ” shall mean a Person having acted in good faith and in a manner such Person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company, and, with respect to a criminal proceeding, having had no reasonable cause to believe such Person’s conduct was unlawful.
 
Governmental Entity ” means the United States of America or any other nation, any state or other political subdivision thereof, or any entity exercising executive, legislative, judicial, regulatory or administrative functions of government, including any court, in each case, having jurisdiction over the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or any of the property or other assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
HSR Act ” has the meaning set forth in Section 7.2(f) .
 
 
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Indemnified Person ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4 .
 
LLC Units ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1 .
 
“Majority in Interest of the Members” means more than 50 percent of the interests of the Members in current profits of the Company.
 
Managing Member ” means Truett-Hurst, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any assignee to which the managing member of the Company Transfers all Units and other Equity Securities held by such managing member of the Company that is admitted to the Company as the managing member of the Company, in its capacity as the managing member of the Company.
 
Member ” means each Person listed on the Schedule of Members on the date hereof (including the Managing Member) and each other Person who is hereafter admitted as a Member in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Act. The Members shall constitute the “members” (as such term is defined in the Act) of the Company.  Any reference in this Agreement to any Member shall include such Member’s Successors in Interest to the extent such Successors in Interest have become Substituted Members in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement. Except as otherwise set forth herein or in the Act, the Members shall constitute a single Class or group of members of the Company for all purposes of the Act and this Agreement.
 
Member Nonrecourse Debt ” has the meaning set forth for the term “ partner nonrecourse debt ” in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4).
 
Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain ” has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
 
Member Nonrecourse Deduction ” has the meaning set forth for the term “ partner nonrecourse deduction ” in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
 
Membership Interest ” means, with respect to each Member, such Member’s economic interest and rights as a Member.
 
Membership Interest Certificate ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.7(b)(i) .
 
Net Agreed Value ” means, (a) in the case of any Contributed Property, the Agreed Value of such property reduced by any liabilities either assumed by the Company upon such contribution or to which such property is subject when contributed, and (b) in the case of any property distributed to a Member by the Company, the Company’s Carrying Value of such property (as adjusted pursuant to Section 3.3(c)(ii) ) at the time such property is distributed, reduced by any liabilities either assumed by such Member upon such distribution or to which such property is subject at the time of distribution.
 
Net Income ” means, for any taxable year, the excess, if any, of the Company’s items of income and gain for such taxable year over the Company’s items of loss and deduction for such taxable year. The items included in the calculation of Net Income shall be determined in accordance with Section 3.3(b) and shall not include any items specially allocated under Section 5.1(b) .
 
 
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Net Loss ” means, for any taxable year, the excess, if any, of the Company’s items of loss and deduction for such taxable year over the Company’s items of income and gain for such taxable year. The items included in the calculation of Net Loss shall be determined in accordance with Section 3.3(b) and shall not include any items specially allocated under Section 5.1(b) .
 
Nonrecourse Deductions ” means any and all items of loss, deduction, or expenditure (including, without limitation, any expenditure described in Section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code) that, in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b), are attributable to a Nonrecourse Liability.
 
Nonrecourse Liability ” has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2).
 
Officer ” means each Person designated as an officer of the Company pursuant to and in accordance with the provisions of Section 6.2 , subject to any resolution of the Managing Member appointing such Person as an officer of the Company or relating to such appointment.
 
Original Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereof.
 
Percentage Interest ” means, with respect to any Member as of any date of determination, (a) the number of LLC Units held by such Member at such time dividend by (b) the number of LLC Units held by all Members at such time.
 
Person ” means an individual, a partnership (including a limited partnership), a corporation, a limited liability company, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, association or other entity or a Governmental Entity.
 
Pledge ” means pledge, grant a security interest in, create a lien on, assign the right to receive distributions or proceeds from, or otherwise encumber, directly or indirectly, or any act of the foregoing.
 
Proceeding ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4 .
 
Quarterly Estimated Tax Periods ” means the two, three, and four calendar month periods with respect to which Federal quarterly estimated tax payments are made. The first such period begins on January 1 and ends on March 31. The second such period begins on April 1 and ends on May 31. The third such period begins on June 1 and ends on August 31. The fourth such period begins on September 1 and ends on December 31.
 
Required Allocations ” means (a) any limitation imposed on any allocation of Net Losses under Section 5.1(b) and (b) any allocation of an item of income, gain, loss or deduction pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(i) , 5.1(b)(ii) , 5.1(b)(iii) , 5.1(b)(vi) or 5.1(b)(viii) .
 
 
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Residual Gain ” or “ Residual Loss ” means any item of gain or loss, as the case may be, of the Company recognized for federal income tax purposes resulting from a sale, exchange or other disposition of a Contributed Property or Adjusted Property, to the extent such item of gain or loss is not allocated pursuant to Section 5.2(b)(i)(A) or 5.2(b)(ii)(A), respectively, to eliminate Book-Tax Disparities.
 
Schedule of Members ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1(b) .
 
Second Amended Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals hereto.
 
Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, any corporation, limited liability company, partnership, association or business entity of which (i) if a corporation, a majority of the total voting power of shares of stock entitled (without regard to the occurrence of any contingency) to vote in the election of directors, managers or trustees thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by that Person or one or more of the other Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof, or (ii) if a limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity (other than a corporation), a majority of partnership or other similar ownership interest thereof is at the time owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by any Person or one or more Subsidiaries of that Person or a combination thereof. For purposes hereof, a Person or Persons shall be deemed to have a majority ownership interest in a limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity (other than a corporation) if such Person or Persons shall be allocated a majority of limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity gains or losses or shall Control the management of any such limited liability company, partnership, association or other business entity. For purposes hereof, references to a “Subsidiary” of any Person shall be given effect only at such times that such Person has one or more Subsidiaries and, unless otherwise indicated, the term “Subsidiary” refers to a Subsidiary of the Company.
 
Substituted Member ” means any Person that has been admitted to the Company as a Member pursuant to Section 7.4 by virtue of such Person receiving all or a portion of a Membership Interest from a Member or an Assignee and not from the Company.
 
Successor in Interest ” means any (i) trustee, custodian, receiver or other Person acting in any Bankruptcy or reorganization proceeding with respect to, (ii) assignee for the benefit of the creditors of, (iii) trustee or receiver, or current or former officer, director or partner, or other fiduciary acting for or with respect to the dissolution, liquidation or termination of, or (iv) other executor, administrator, committee, legal representative or other successor or assign of, any Member, whether by operation of law or otherwise.
 
Tax Distribution ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.3 .
 
Tax Matters Member ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(d) .
 
Tax Receivable Agreement ” means the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated on or about the date hereof, among the Managing Member and the LLC Unitholders (as defined in the Exchange Agreement) from time to time party thereto, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
 
 
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Transfer ” means sell, assign, convey, contribute, give, or otherwise transfer, whether directly or indirectly, voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise, or any act of the foregoing, but excludes Pledge or any act of Pledging. The terms “ Transferee ,” “ Transferor ,” “ Transferred ,” “ Transferring Member ,” “ Transferor Member ” and other forms of the word “ Transfer ” shall have the correlative meanings.
 
Treasury Regulations ” means the regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated by the United States Treasury Department under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
 
Units ” means the LLC Units and any other Class of limited liability company interests in the Company denominated as “Units” that is established in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute limited liability company interests in the Company as provided in this Agreement and under the Act, entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Company at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Member as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Member to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
 
Unrealized Gain ” attributable to any item of Company property means, as of any date of determination, the excess, if any, of (a) the fair market value of such property as of such date (as determined under Section 3.3(c) ) over (b) the Carrying Value of such property as of such date (prior to any adjustment to be made pursuant to Section 3.3(c) as of such date).
 
Unrealized Loss ” attributable to any item of Company property means, as of any date of determination, the excess, if any, of (a) the Carrying Value of such property as of such date (prior to any adjustment to be made pursuant to Section 3.3(c) as of such date) over (b) the fair market value of such property as of such date (as determined under Section 3.3(c) ).
 
Section 1.2           Terms Generally . In this Agreement, unless otherwise specified or where the context otherwise requires:
 
(a)         the headings of particular provisions of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and will not be construed as a part of this Agreement or serve as a limitation or expansion on the scope of any term or provision of this Agreement;
 
(b)         words importing any gender shall include other genders;
 
(c)         words importing the singular only shall include the plural and vice versa;
 
(d)         the words “include,” “includes” or “including” shall be deemed to be followed by the words “without limitation”;
 
(e)         the words “hereof,” “herein” and “herewith” and words of similar import shall, unless otherwise stated, be construed to refer to this Agreement as a whole and not to any particular provision of this Agreement;
 
 
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(f)          references to “Articles,” “Exhibits,” “Sections,” “Schedules” or “Annexes” shall be to Articles, Exhibits, Sections, Schedules or Annexes of or to this Agreement;
 
(g)         references to any Person include the successors and permitted assigns of such Person;
 
(h)         the use of the words “or,” “either” and “any” shall not be exclusive;
 
(i)          wherever a conflict exists between this Agreement and any other agreement among parties hereto, this Agreement shall control but solely to the extent of such conflict;
 
(j)          references to “$” or “dollars” means the lawful currency of the United States of America;
 
(k)         references to any agreement, contract or schedule, unless otherwise stated, are to such agreement, contract or schedule as amended, modified or supplemented from time to time in accordance with the terms hereof and thereof; and
 
(l)          the parties hereto have participated collectively in the negotiation and drafting of this Agreement; accordingly, in the event an ambiguity or question of intent or interpretation arises, it is the intention of the parties that this Agreement shall be construed as if drafted collectively by the parties hereto, and that no presumption or burden of proof shall arise favoring or disfavoring any party hereto by virtue of the authorship of any provisions of this Agreement.
 
ARTICLE II
GENERAL PROVISIONS
 
Section 2.1           Formation . The Company was formed as a California limited liability company on October 23, 2007 by the execution and filing Articles of Organization of the Company (the “ Articles of Organization ”) by an authorized person under and pursuant to the Act and the execution of the Original Agreement. The Members agree to continue the Company as a limited liability company under the Act, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in this Agreement. The rights, powers, duties, obligations and liabilities of the Members shall be determined pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. To the extent that the rights, powers, duties, obligations and liabilities of any Member are different by reason of any provision of this Agreement than they would be in the absence of such provision, this Agreement shall, to the extent permitted by the Act, control.
 
Section 2.2           Name . The name of the Company is “H.D.D. LLC,” and all Company business shall be conducted in that name or in such other names that comply with applicable law as the Managing Member may select from time to time. Subject to the Act, the Managing Member may change the name of the Company.  The Managing Member may amend this Agreement to reflect such change at any time and from time to time with the consent of a Majority in Interest of the Members.  Prompt notification of any such change shall be given to all Members.
 
 
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Section 2.3          Term . The term of the Company commenced on the date the Articles of Organization were filed with the office of the California Secretary of State and shall continue in existence perpetually until termination in accordance with the provisions of Section 7.2(d) and the Act.
 
Section 2.4           Purpose; Powers .
 
(a)        General Powers . The nature of the business or purposes to be conducted or promoted by the Company is to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited liability companies may be formed under the Act. The Company may engage in any and all activities necessary, desirable or incidental to the accomplishment of the foregoing. Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, nothing set forth herein shall be construed as authorizing the Company to possess any purpose or power, or to do any act or thing, forbidden by law to a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of California.
 
(b)         Company Action . Subject to the provisions of this Agreement and except as prohibited by the Act, (i) the Company may, with the approval of the Managing Member, enter into and perform any and all documents, agreements and instruments, all without any further act, vote or approval of any Member and (ii) the Managing Member may authorize any Person (including any Member or Officer) to enter into and perform any document on behalf of the Company.
 
Section 2.5          Existence and Good Standing; Foreign Qualification . The Managing Member may take all action which may be necessary or appropriate (i) for the continuation of the Company’s valid existence as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of California (and of each other jurisdiction in which such existence is necessary to enable the Company to conduct the business in which it is engaged) and (ii) for the maintenance, preservation and operation of the business of the Company in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement and applicable laws and regulations. The Managing Member may file or cause to be filed for recordation in the office of the appropriate authorities of the State of California, and in the proper office or offices in each other jurisdiction in which the Company is formed or qualified, such certificates (including certificates of limited liability companies and fictitious name certificates) and other documents as are required by the applicable statutes, rules or regulations of any such jurisdiction or as are required to reflect the identity of the Members and the amounts of their respective capital contributions. The Managing Member may cause the Company to comply, to the extent procedures are available and those matters are reasonably within the control of the Officers, with all requirements necessary to qualify the Company as a foreign limited liability company in any jurisdiction other than the State of California.
 
Section 2.6           Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices . The registered office of the Company required by the Act to be maintained in the State of California shall be the office of the initial registered agent named in the Articles of Organization or such other office (which need not be a place of business of the Company) as the Managing Member may designate from time to time in the manner provided by law. The registered agent of the Company in the State of California shall be the initial registered agent named in the Articles of Organization or such other Person or Persons as the Managing Member may designate from time to time in the manner provided by law. The principal office of the Company shall be at such place as the Managing Member may designate from time to time, which need not be in the State of California, and the Company shall maintain records at such place. The Company may have such other offices as the Managing Member may designate from time to time.
 
 
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Section 2.7         No State Law Partnership .
 
(a)         The Members intend that the Company shall not be a partnership (including a limited partnership) or joint venture, and that no Member or Officer shall be a partner or joint venturer of any other Member or Officer by virtue of this Agreement, for any purposes other than as is set forth in the last sentence of this Section 2.7(a) , and this Agreement shall not be construed to the contrary. The Members intend that the Company shall be treated as a partnership for federal and, if applicable, state or local income tax purposes, and each Member, Assignee and the Company shall file all tax returns and shall otherwise take all tax and financial reporting positions in a manner consistent with such treatment.
 
(b)         So long as the Company is treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, to ensure that Units are not traded on an established securities market within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.7704-1(b) or readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof within the meaning of Regulations Section 1.7704-1(c), notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein,
 
(i)           the Company shall not participate in the establishment of any such market or the inclusion of its Units thereon, and
 
(ii)          the Company shall not recognize any Transfer made on any such market by:
 
(A)           redeeming the Transferor Member (in the case of a redemption or repurchase by the Company); or
 
(B)           admitting the Transferee as a Member or otherwise recognizing any rights of the Transferee, such as a right of the Transferee to receive Company distributions (directly or indirectly) or to acquire an interest in the capital or profits of the Company.
 
Section 2.8            Admission . The Managing Member is hereby admitted as a Member of the Company upon its execution of a counterpart signature page to this Agreement and each Member of the Company immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement shall continue as a Member hereunder.
 
ARTICLE III
CAPITALIZATION
 
Section 3.1            Units; Initial Capitalization; Schedules .
 
(a)           Limited Liability Company Interests . Interests in the Company shall be represented by Units, or such other Equity Securities in the Company, or such other Company securities, in each case as the Managing Member may establish in its sole discretion in accordance with the terms hereof. As of the date hereof, the Units are comprised of one Class: “ LLC Units ”.
 
 
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(b)           Schedule of Units; Schedule of Members . The aggregate number of outstanding Units and the aggregate amount of cash Capital Contributions that have been made by the Members and the Fair Market Value of any property other than cash contributed by the Members with respect to the Units (including, if applicable, a description and the amount of any liability assumed by the Company or to which Contributed Property is subject) shall be set forth on a schedule maintained by the Company. The Company shall also maintain a schedule setting forth the name and address of each Member, the number of Units owned by such Member and the aggregate Capital Contributions that have been made by such Member with respect to such Member’s Units (such schedule, the “ Schedule of Members ”). The Schedule of Members shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit or other Equity Security in the Company and all relevant information with respect to each Member. The Company shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units or other Equity Securities in the Company for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units or other Equity Securities in the Company on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act.
 
(c)          The Class A Membership Interests and Class B Memberships Interests issued and outstanding immediately prior to the effectiveness of this Agreement are hereby converted into LLC Units and each Member owns the number of LLC Units set forth opposite the name of such Member in the Schedule of Members.
 
Section 3.2            Authorization and Issuance of Additional Units .
 
(a)         The Managing Member may issue additional LLC Units and/or establish and issue other Classes of Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities from time to time with such rights, obligations, powers, designations, preferences and other terms, which may be different from, including senior to, any then-existing or future Classes of Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities, as the Managing Member shall determine from time to time, in its sole discretion, without the vote or consent of any other Member or any other Person, including (i) the right of such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities to share in Net Income and Net Loss or items thereof; (ii) the right of such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities to share in Company distributions; (iii) the rights of such Units, other Equity Securities or other Company securities upon dissolution and liquidation of the Company; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Company may or shall be required to redeem such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities are issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities will be issued, evidenced by certificates or assigned or transferred; (vii) the terms and conditions of the issuance of such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities (including, without limitation, the amount and form of consideration, if any, to be received by the Company in respect thereof, the Managing Member being expressly authorized, in its sole discretion, to cause the Company to issue Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities for less than Fair Market Value); and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities to vote on Company matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities. The Managing Member, without the vote or consent of any other Member or any other Person, is authorized (i) to issue any Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities of any such newly established Class or any existing Class and (ii) to amend this Agreement to reflect the creation of any such new Class, the issuance of Units, other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities of such Class, and the admission of any Person as a Member which has received Units or other Equity Securities of any such Class, in accordance with Sections 3.2 , 7.3 and 9.4 . Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to “Units” shall include the LLC Units and any other Classes of Units that may be established in accordance with this Agreement.
 
 
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Section 3.3            Capital Accounts .
 
(a)          The Managing Member shall maintain for each Member owning Units a separate Capital Account with respect to such Units in accordance with the rules of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). Such Capital Account shall be increased by (i) the amount of all Capital Contributions made to the Company with respect to such Units pursuant to this Agreement and (ii) all items of Company income and gain (including, without limitation, income and gain exempt from tax) computed in accordance with Section 3.3(b) and allocated with respect to such Units pursuant to Section 5.1 , and decreased by (x) the amount of cash or Net Agreed Value of all actual and deemed distributions of cash or property made with respect to such Units pursuant to this Agreement and (y) all items of Company deduction and loss computed in accordance with Section 3.3(b) and allocated with respect to such Units pursuant to Section 5.1 . The foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such Treasury Regulations. In the event the Managing Member shall determine that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts or any adjustments thereto (including, without limitation, adjustments relating to liabilities which are secured by contributed or distributed property or which are assumed by the Company or any Members) are computed in order to comply with such Treasury Regulations, the Managing Member, without the consent of any other Person, may make such modification, notwithstanding the terms of this Agreement, provided that it is not likely to have a material effect on the amounts distributed to any Person pursuant to ARTICLE VII hereof upon the dissolution of the Company. The Managing Member, without the consent of any other Person, also shall (i) make any adjustments, notwithstanding the terms of this Agreement, that are necessary or appropriate to maintain equality among the Capital Accounts of the Members and the amount of capital reflected on the Company’s balance sheet, as computed for book purposes, in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(q), and (ii) make any appropriate modifications, notwithstanding the terms of this Agreement, in the event unanticipated events might otherwise cause this Agreement not to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b).
 
 
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(b)         For purposes of computing the amount of any item of income, gain, loss or deduction, which is to be allocated pursuant to ARTICLE V and is to be reflected in the Members’ Capital Accounts, the determination, recognition and classification of any such item shall be the same as its determination, recognition and classification for federal income tax purposes (including, without limitation, any method of depreciation, cost recovery or amortization used for that purpose), provided, that:
 
(i)           Solely for purposes of this Section 3.3 , the Company shall be treated as owning directly its proportionate share (as determined by the Managing Member) of all property owned by any partnership, limited liability company, unincorporated business or other entity or arrangement that is classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, of which the Company is, directly or indirectly, a partner.
 
(ii)          Except as otherwise provided in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m), the computation of all items of income, gain, loss and deduction shall be made without regard to any election under Section 754 of the Code which may be made by the Company and, as to those items described in Section 705(a)(1)(B) or 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code, without regard to the fact that such items are not includable in gross income or are neither currently deductible nor capitalized for federal income tax purposes. To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Company asset pursuant to Section 734(b) or 743(b) of the Code is required, pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment in the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain or loss.
 
(iii)        Any income, gain or loss attributable to the taxable disposition of any Company property shall be determined as if the adjusted basis of such property as of such date of disposition were equal in amount to the Company’s Carrying Value with respect to such property as of such date.
 
(iv)        In accordance with the requirements of Section 704(b) of the Code, any deductions for depreciation, cost recovery or amortization attributable to any Contributed Property shall be determined in the manner described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g)(3) as if the adjusted basis of such property on the date it was acquired by the Company were equal to the Agreed Value of such property. Upon an adjustment pursuant to Section 3.3(c) to the Carrying Value of any Adjusted Property that is subject to depreciation, cost recovery or amortization, any further deductions for such depreciation, cost recovery or amortization attributable to such property shall be determined in the manner described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(g)(3) and 1.704-3(a)(6)(i) as if the adjusted basis of such property were equal to the Carrying Value of such property immediately following such adjustment; provided, however, that, if the asset has a zero adjusted basis for federal income tax purposes, depreciation, cost recovery or amortization deductions shall be determined using any method that the Managing Member may adopt.
 
 
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(c)           A transferee of Units shall succeed to a pro rata portion of the Capital Account of the transferor relating to the Units so transferred.
 
(i)          In accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), on an issuance of additional Units for cash or Contributed Property and the issuance of Units as consideration for the provision of services, the Capital Account of all Members and the Carrying Value of each Company property immediately prior to such issuance shall be adjusted upward or downward to reflect any Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such Company property, as if such Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss had been recognized on an actual sale of each such property immediately prior to such issuance and had been allocated to the Members at such time pursuant to Section 5.1 in the same manner as a corresponding item of gain or loss actually recognized during such period would have been allocated. In determining such Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss, the aggregate cash amount and Fair Market Value of all Company assets (including, without limitation, cash or cash equivalents) immediately prior to the issuance of additional Units shall be determined by the Managing Member using such method of valuation as it may adopt; provided, however, that the Managing Member, in arriving at such valuation, must take fully into account the Fair Market Value of the Units of all Members at such time. The Managing Member shall allocate such aggregate value among the assets of the Company (in such manner as it determines) to arrive at a Fair Market Value for individual properties.
 
(ii)         In accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), immediately prior to any actual or deemed distribution to a Member of any Company property (other than a distribution of cash that is not in redemption or retirement of a Unit), the Capital Accounts of all Members and the Carrying Value of all Company property shall be adjusted upward or downward to reflect any Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such Company property, as if such Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss had been recognized in a sale of such property immediately prior to such distribution for an amount equal to its Fair Market Value, and had been allocated to the Members, at such time, pursuant to Section 5.1 in the same manner as a corresponding item of gain or loss actually recognized during such period would have been allocated. In determining such Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss, the aggregate cash amount and Fair Market Value of all Company assets (including, without limitation, cash or cash equivalents) immediately prior to a distribution shall (A) in the case of an actual distribution that is not made pursuant to ARTICLE VII or in the case of a deemed distribution, be determined and allocated in the same manner as that provided in Section 3.3(c)(i) or (B) in the case of a liquidating distribution pursuant to ARTICLE VII , be determined and allocated by the Person winding up the Company pursuant to Section 7.2(b) using such method of valuation as it may adopt.
 
(iii)        The Managing Member may make the adjustments described in clause (i) above in the manner set forth therein if the Managing Member determines that such adjustments are necessary or useful to effectuate the intended economic arrangement among the Members.
 
 
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(d)          Notwithstanding anything expressed or implied to the contrary in this Agreement, in the event the Managing Member shall determine, in its sole and absolute discretion, that it is prudent to modify the manner in which the Capital Accounts, or any debits or credits thereto, are computed in order to effectuate the intended economic sharing arrangement of the Members, the Managing Member may make such modification, notwithstanding any other provision hereof, without the consent of any other Person.
 
Section 3.4             No Withdrawal . No Person shall be entitled to withdraw any part of such Person’s Capital Contributions or Capital Account or to receive any distribution from the Company, except as expressly provided herein.
 
Section 3.5             Loans From Members . Loans by Members to the Company shall not be considered Capital Contributions. If any Member shall loan funds to the Company, then the making of such loans shall not result in any increase in the Capital Account balance of such Member. The amount of any such loans shall be a debt of the Company to such Member and shall be payable or collectible in accordance with the terms and conditions upon which such loans are made.
 
Section 3.6             No Right of Partition . To the fullest extent permitted by law, no Member shall have the right to seek or obtain partition by court decree or operation of law of any property of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or the right to own or use particular or individual assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or, except as expressly contemplated by this Agreement, be entitled to distributions of specific assets of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
Section 3.7             Non-Certification of Units; Legend; Units are Securities .
 
(a)           Units shall be issued in non-certificated form; provided that the Managing Member may cause the Company to issue certificates to a Member representing the Units held by such Member.
 
(b)           If the Managing Member determines that the Company shall issue certificates representing Units to any Member, the following provisions of this Section 3.7 shall apply:
 
(i)           The Company shall issue one or more certificates in the name of such Person in such form as it may approve, subject to Section 3.7(b)(ii) (a “ Membership Interest Certificate ”), which shall evidence the ownership of the Units represented thereby. Each such Membership Interest Certificate shall be denominated in terms of the number of Units evidenced by such Membership Interest Certificate and shall be signed by the Managing Member or an Officer on behalf of the Company.
 
(ii)          Each Membership Interest Certificate shall bear a legend substantially in the following form:
 
 
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THIS CERTIFICATE EVIDENCES A LLC UNIT REPRESENTING AN INTEREST IN H.D.D. LLC AND SHALL CONSTITUTE A “SECURITY” WITHIN THE MEANING OF, AND SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, (I) ARTICLE 8 OF THE UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE (INCLUDING SECTION 8-102(A)(15) THEREOF) AS IN EFFECT FROM TIME TO TIME IN THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, AND (II) THE CORRESPONDING PROVISIONS OF THE UNIFORM COMMERCIAL CODE OF ANY OTHER APPLICABLE JURISDICTION THAT NOW OR HEREAFTER SUBSTANTIALLY INCLUDES THE 1994 REVISIONS TO ARTICLE 8 THEREOF AS ADOPTED BY THE AMERICAN LAW INSTITUTE AND THE NATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMMISSIONERS ON UNIFORM STATE LAWS AND APPROVED BY THE AMERICAN BAR ASSOCIATION ON FEBRUARY 14, 1995.
 
THE INTERESTS IN H.D.D. LLC REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ARE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER SET FORTH IN THE THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT OF H.D.D. LLC, DATED AS OF [  ], 2013, BY AND AMONG EACH OF THE MEMBERS FROM TIME TO TIME PARTY THERETO, AS THE SAME MAY BE AMENDED FROM TIME TO TIME.
 
THE UNITS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED (THE “ACT”) OR THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY OTHER JURISDICTION, AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED, SOLD, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, TRANSFERRED OR OTHERWISE DISPOSED OF EXCEPT IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF ACT.  THE UNITS REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE ALSO ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OTHER CONDITIONS AND RESTRICTIONS, AS SET FORTH IN THAT CERTAIN THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED OPERATING AGREEMENT FOR H.D.D. LLC DATED AS OF [  ], 2013, AS THE SAME MAY BE AMENDED, A COPY OF WHICH WILL BE FURNISHED BY THE COMPANY, WITHOUT CHARGE, TO THE HOLDER OF THIS CERTIFICATE UPON WRITTEN REQUEST THEREFOR.  SUCH RIGHTS AND RESTRICTIONS ARE BINDING ON TRANSFEREES OF THE SHARES.
 
(iii)           Each Unit shall constitute a “security” within the meaning of, and shall be governed by, (i) Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code (including Section 8-102(a)(15) thereof) as in effect from time to time in the State of California, and (ii) the corresponding provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code of any other applicable jurisdiction that now or hereafter substantially includes the 1994 revisions to Article 8 thereof as adopted by the American Law Institute and the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and approved by the American Bar Association on February 14, 1995.
 
(iv)           The Company shall issue a new Membership Interest Certificate in place of any Membership Interest Certificate previously issued if the holder of the Units represented by such Membership Interest Certificate, as reflected on the books and records of the Company:
 
 
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(A)           makes proof by affidavit, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, that such previously issued Membership Interest Certificate has been lost, stolen or destroyed;
 
(B)           requests the issuance of a new Membership Interest Certificate before the Company has notice that such previously issued Membership Interest Certificate has been acquired by a purchaser for value in Good Faith and without notice of an adverse claim;
 
(C)           if requested by the Company, delivers to the Company such security, in form and substance satisfactory to the Company, as the Managing Member may direct, to indemnify the Company against any claim that may be made on account of the alleged loss, destruction or theft of the previously issued Membership Interest Certificate; and
 
(D)           satisfies any other reasonable requirements imposed by the Company.
 
(v)           Upon a Member’s Transfer in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement of any or all Units represented by a Membership Interest Certificate, the Transferee of such Units shall deliver such Membership Interest Certificate, duly endorsed for Transfer by the Transferee, to the Company for cancellation, and the Company shall thereupon issue a new Membership Interest Certificate to such Transferee for the number of Units being Transferred and, if applicable, cause to be issued to such Transferring Member a new Membership Interest Certificate for the number of Units that were represented by the canceled Membership Interest Certificate and that are not being Transferred.
 
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
 
Section 4.1             Distributions . Distributions shall be made to the Members, after Tax Distributions are made pursuant to Section 4.3 , as and when determined by the Managing Member, in accordance with their respective Units and pro rata in respect of each Class of Units.
 
Section 4.2             Successors . For purposes of determining the amount of distributions under Section 4.1 , each Member shall be treated as having made the Capital Contributions and as having received the distributions made to or received by its predecessors in respect of any of such Member’s Units.
 
 
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Section 4.3             Tax Distributions . Subject to Section 4.7 and to any restrictions contained in any agreement to which the Company is bound, no later than the tenth day following the end of each Quarterly Estimated Tax Period of each calendar year, the Company shall, to the extent of available cash and borrowings of the Company, make a distribution in cash (each, a “ Tax Distribution ”), pro rata in accordance with the Percentage Interests in effect with respect to such Quarterly Estimated Tax Period, in an amount equal to the excess of (i) the product of (x) the taxable income of the Company attributable to such Quarterly Estimated Tax Period and all prior Quarterly Estimated Tax Periods in such calendar year, based upon (I) the information returns filed by the Company, as amended or adjusted to date, and (II) estimated amounts, in the case of periods for which the Company has not yet filed information returns, multiplied by (y) the Assumed Tax Rate, over (ii) distributions made by the Company pursuant to this Section 4.3 with respect to such calendar year. The Managing Member shall use conventions similar to those adopted pursuant to Section 5.2(d) to determine the Percentage Interests of the Members with respect to a Quarterly Estimated Tax Period. For the avoidance of doubt, Tax Distributions shall be made only with respect to taxable income earned by the Company. For purposes of clause (i)(x) above, the taxable income of the Company shall be determined by disregarding any adjustment to the taxable income of any Member that arises under Section 743(b) of the Code and is attributable to the acquisition by such Member of an interest in the Company in a transaction described in Section 743(a) of the Code.
 
Section 4.4             Withholding .  The Company is authorized to withhold from any payment made to, or any distributive share of, a Member, any taxes required by law to be withheld, and in such event, such taxes shall be treated as if an amount equal to such withheld taxed had been paid to the Member rather than paid over to the Governmental Entity.
 
Section 4.5             Security Interest and Right of Set Off; Indemnification . If the Company is required by law to make any payment to a Governmental Entity that is specifically attributable to a Member or a Member’s status as such (including federal withholding taxes, state or local personal property taxes and state or local unincorporated business taxes), then such Member shall indemnify the Company or its Successor in Interest in full for the entire amount paid (including interest, penalties and reasonable related expenses). A Member’s obligation to indemnify the Company or its Successor in Interest under this Section 4.5 shall survive the dissolution, winding up and termination of the Company. The Company and its Successor in Interest may pursue and enforce all rights and remedies it may have against each Member under this Section 4.5 , including instituting a lawsuit to collect such indemnification, with interest calculated at a rate equal to 10 percent (but not in excess of the highest rate per annum permitted by law). As security for any such indemnification obligation or any other liability or obligation to which the Company may be subject as a result of any act or status of any Member, or to which the Company may become subject with respect to the interest of any Member in the Company, the Company shall have (and each Member hereby grants to the Company) a security interest in all Distributable Assets distributable to such Member to the extent of the amount of such liability or obligation. Whenever the Company is to pay any sum to any Member or any Affiliate or related Person thereof pursuant to the terms of this Agreement, any amounts that such Member or such Affiliate or related Person owes to the Company, whether pursuant to this Section 4.5 or under any promissory note issued to the Company as partial payment for any Units of the Company may be deducted from that sum before payment; provided, however, that no deduction pursuant to this sentence shall be made with respect to any Tax Distribution except on account of any amounts owed by such Member or such Affiliate or related Person which (i) are due and owing pursuant to the indemnification obligation provided for in this Section 4.5 or (ii) are past due or as to which the obligor is otherwise in default.
 
 
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Section 4.6             Certain Distributions . For purposes of this ARTICLE IV , a distribution to a Member of property (other than cash) shall be treated as a Tax Distribution pursuant to Section 4.3 (rather than as, for example, a distribution pursuant to Section 4.1 ) in an amount equal to the hypothetical amount of tax that the Member would pay, at the Assumed Tax Rate, if (i) such property were not treated as a distribution of money pursuant to Section 731(c)(2) of the Code (to the extent that Section 731(c)(2) otherwise applies) and (ii) the Member sold the property immediately after receiving such distribution.
 
Section 4.7             Limitation . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Company, and the Managing Member on behalf of the Company, shall not be required to make a distribution if such distribution to any Member or Assignee would violate the Act or other applicable law.
 
ARTICLE V
ALLOCATIONS
 
Section 5.1             Allocations for Capital Account Purposes . (a) Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Net Income and Net Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Company) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Member after giving effect to the Special Allocations set forth in Section 5.1(b) is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Section 7.2 if the Company were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Company liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Company were distributed to the Members pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Member’s share of Company Minimum Gain and Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets.
 
(b)            Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 5.1 , the following special allocations shall be made for such taxable period:
 
(i)             Company Minimum Gain Chargeback . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Section 5.1 , if there is a net decrease in Company Minimum Gain during any Company taxable period, each Member shall be allocated items of Company income and gain for such period (and, if necessary, subsequent periods) in the manner and amounts provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f)(6), 1.704-2(g)(2) and 1.704-2(j)(2)(i), or any successor provision. For purposes of this Section 5.1(b) , each Member’s Adjusted Capital Account balance shall be determined, and the allocation of income and gain required hereunder shall be effected, prior to the application of any other allocations pursuant to this Section 5.1(b) with respect to such taxable period (other than an allocation pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(iii) and Section 5.1(b)(vi) ). This Section 5.1(b)(i) is intended to comply with the Company Minimum Gain chargeback requirement in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
 
 
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(ii)            Chargeback of Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain . Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Section 5.1 (other than Section 5.1(b)(i) ), except as provided in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(4), if there is a net decrease in Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain during any Company taxable period, any Member with a share of Member Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain at the beginning of such taxable period shall be allocated items of Company income and gain for such period (and, if necessary, subsequent periods) in the manner and amounts provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(i)(4) and 1.704-2(j)(2)(ii), or any successor provisions. For purposes of this Section 5.1(b) , each Member’s Adjusted Capital Account balance shall be determined, and the allocation of income and gain required hereunder shall be effected, prior to the application of any other allocations pursuant to this Section 5.1(b) , other than Section 5.1(b)(i) and other than an allocation pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(v) and (b)(vi) , with respect to such taxable period. This Section 5.1(b)(ii) is intended to comply with the chargeback of items of income and gain requirement in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(4) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
 
(iii)            Qualified Income Offset . In the event any Member unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5), or (6), items of Company income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Member in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate, to the extent required by the Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 704(b) of the Code, the deficit balance, if any, in its Adjusted Capital Account created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as quickly as possible, unless such deficit balance is otherwise eliminated pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(i) or (ii) . This Section 5.1(b)(iii) is intended to qualify and be construed as a “qualified income offset” within the meaning of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
 
(iv)            Gross Income Allocations . In the event any Member has a deficit balance in its Capital Account at the end of any Company taxable period in excess of the sum of (A) the amount such Member is required to restore pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement and (B) the amount such Member is deemed obligated to restore pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), such Member shall be specially allocated items of Company gross income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided, that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.1(b)(iv) shall be made only if and to the extent that such Member would have a deficit balance in its Capital Account as adjusted after all other allocations provided for in this Section 5.1 have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.1(b)(iv) were not in this Agreement.
 
(v)            Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Members in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests. If the Managing Member determines that the Company’s Nonrecourse Deductions should be allocated in a different ratio to satisfy the safe harbor requirements of the Treasury Regulations promulgated under Section 704(b) of the Code, the Managing Member is authorized, upon notice to the other Members, to revise the prescribed ratio to the numerically closest ratio that does satisfy such requirements.
 
(vi)            Member Nonrecourse Deductions . Member Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated 100% to the Member that bears the “Economic Risk of Loss” (as defined in the Treasury Regulations) with respect to the Member Nonrecourse Debt to which such Member Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i). If more than one Member bears the Economic Risk of Loss with respect to a Member Nonrecourse Debt, such Member Nonrecourse Deductions attributable thereto shall be allocated between or among such Members in accordance with the ratios in which they share such Economic Risk of Loss.
 
 
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(vii)           Nonrecourse Liabilities . Nonrecourse Liabilities of the Company described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-3(a)(3) shall be allocated among the Members in the manner chosen by the Managing Member and consistent with such Section of the Treasury Regulations.
 
(viii)          Code Section 754 Adjustments . To the extent an adjustment to the adjusted tax basis of any Company asset pursuant to Section 734(b) or 743(b) of the Code is required, pursuant to Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(m), to be taken into account in determining Capital Accounts, the amount of such adjustment to the Capital Accounts shall be treated as an item of gain (if the adjustment increases the basis of the asset) or loss (if the adjustment decreases such basis), and such item of gain or loss shall be specially allocated to the Members in a manner consistent with the manner in which their Capital Accounts are required to be adjusted pursuant to such Section of the Treasury Regulations.
 
(ix)            Curative Allocation .
 
(1)           The Required Allocations are intended to comply with certain requirements of the Treasury Regulations. It is the intent of the Members that, to the extent possible, all Required Allocations shall be offset either with other Required Allocations or with special allocations of other items of Company income, gain, loss or deduction pursuant to this Section 5.1(b)(ix)(1) . Therefore, notwithstanding any other provision of this ARTICLE V (other than the Required Allocations), the Managing Member shall make such offsetting special allocations of Company income, gain, loss or deduction in whatever manner it determines appropriate so that, after such offsetting allocations are made, each Member’s Capital Account balance is, to the extent possible, equal to the Capital Account balance such Member would have had if the Required Allocations were not part of this Agreement and all Company items were allocated pursuant to the economic agreement among the Members.
 
(2)           The Managing Member shall, with respect to each taxable period, (1) apply the provisions of Section 5.1(b)(ix)(1) in whatever order is most likely to minimize the economic distortions that might otherwise result from the Required Allocations, and (2) divide all allocations pursuant to Section 5.1(b)(ix)(1) among the Members in a manner that is likely to minimize such economic distortions.
 
 
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(x)             Deficit Capital Accounts . No Member shall be required to pay to the Company, to any other Member or to any third party any deficit balance which may exist from time to time in the Member’s Capital Account.
 
Section 5.2              Allocations for Tax Purposes .
 
(a)           The income, gains, losses and deductions of the Company shall be allocated for federal, state and local income tax purposes among the Members in accordance with the allocation of such income, gains, losses and deductions among the Members for purposes of computing their Capital Accounts; except that if any such allocation is not permitted by the Code or other applicable law, then the Company’s subsequent income, gains, losses and deductions for tax purposes shall be allocated among the Members so as to reflect as nearly as possible the allocation set forth herein in computing their Capital Accounts.
 
(b)           In an attempt to eliminate Book-Tax Disparities attributable to a Contributed Property or an Adjusted Property, items of income, gain, loss, depreciation, amortization and cost recovery deductions shall be allocated for federal income tax purposes among the Members as follows:
 
(i)           (A) In the case of a Contributed Property, such items attributable thereto shall be allocated among the Members in the manner provided under Section 704(c) of the Code that takes into account the variation between the Agreed Value of such property and its adjusted basis at the time of contribution; and (B) any item of Residual Gain or Residual Loss attributable to a Contributed Property shall be allocated among the Members in the same manner as its correlative item of “book” gain or loss is allocated pursuant to Section 5.1 .
 
(ii)           (A) In the case of an Adjusted Property, such items shall (1) first, be allocated among the Members in a manner consistent with the principles of Section 704(c) of the Code to take into account the Unrealized Gain or Unrealized Loss attributable to such property and the allocations thereof pursuant to Section 3.3(c)(i) or Section 3.3(c)(ii) , and (2) second, in the event such property was originally a Contributed Property, be allocated among the Members in a manner consistent with Section 5.2(b)(i)(A) ; and (B) any item of Residual Gain or Residual Loss attributable to an Adjusted Property shall be allocated among the Members in the same manner as its correlative item of “book” gain or loss is allocated pursuant to Section 5.1 .
 
(iii)           In order to eliminate Book-Tax Disparities, the Managing Member may cause the Company to use any method described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-3.
 
 
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(c)           For the proper administration of the Company and for the preservation of uniformity of the Units (or any Class or Classes thereof), the Managing Member shall (i) adopt such conventions as it deems appropriate in determining the amount of depreciation, amortization and cost recovery deductions; (ii) make special allocations for federal income tax purposes of income (including, without limitation, gross income) or deductions; (iii) without the consent of any other Person being required, amend the provisions of this Agreement as appropriate (x) to reflect the proposal or promulgation of Treasury Regulations under Section 704(b) or Section 704(c) of the Code or (y) otherwise to preserve or achieve uniformity of the Units (or any Class or Classes thereof); and (iv) adopt and employ such methods for (A) the maintenance of capital accounts for book and tax purposes, (B) the determination and allocation of adjustments under Sections 704(c), 734 and 743 of the Code, (C) the determination and allocation of taxable income, tax loss and items thereof under this Agreement and pursuant to the Code, (D) the determination of the identities and tax classification of Members, (E) the provision of tax information and reports to the Members, (F) the adoption of reasonable conventions and methods for the valuation of assets and the determination of tax basis, (G) the allocation of asset values and tax basis, (H) the adoption and maintenance of accounting methods, (I) the recognition of the Transfer of Units and (J) tax compliance and other tax-related requirements, including without limitation, the use of computer software, as it determines in its sole discretion are necessary and appropriate to execute the provisions of this Agreement and to comply with federal, state and local tax law, and to achieve uniformity of Units within a Class. The Managing Member may adopt such conventions, make such allocations and make such amendments to this Agreement as provided in this Section 5.2(c) only if such conventions, allocations or amendments would not have a material adverse effect on the Members, the holders of any Class or Classes of Units issued and outstanding or the Company, and if such allocations are consistent with the principles of Section 704 of the Code.
 
(d)           For purposes of determining the items of Company income, gain, loss, deduction, or credit allocable to any Member with respect to any period, such items shall be determined on a daily, monthly, or other basis, as determined by the Managing Member using any permissible method under Code Section 706 and the Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
 
(e)           Tax credits, tax credit recapture and any items related thereto shall be allocated to the Members according to their interests in such items as reasonably determined by the Managing Member taking into account the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(4)(ii) and 1.704-1T(b)(4)(xi).
 
(f)           Allocations pursuant to this Section 5.2 are solely for the purposes of federal, state and local taxes and shall not affect, or in any way be taken into account in computing, any Member’s Capital Account or share of Income, Loss, distributions or other Company items pursuant to any provision of this Agreement.
 
Section 5.3             Members’ Tax Reporting . The Members acknowledge and are aware of the income tax consequences of the allocations made pursuant to this ARTICLE V and, except as may otherwise be required by applicable law or regulatory requirements, hereby agree to be bound by the provisions of this ARTICLE V in reporting their shares of Company income, gain, loss, deduction and credit for federal, state and local income tax purposes.
 
 
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Section 5.4             Certain Costs and Expenses . The Company shall (i) pay, or cause to be paid, all costs, fees, operating expenses and other expenses of the Company (including the costs, fees and expenses of attorneys, accountants or other professionals and the compensation of all personnel providing services to the Company) incurred in pursuing and conducting, or otherwise related to, the activities of the Company, and (ii) in the sole discretion of the Managing Member, bear and/or reimburse the Managing Member for any costs, fees or expenses incurred by it in connection with serving as the Managing Member. To the extent that the Managing Member determines in its sole discretion that such expenses are related to the business and affairs of the Managing Member that are conducted through the Company and/or its subsidiaries (including expenses that relate to the business and affairs of the Company and/or its subsidiaries and that also relate to other activities of the Managing Member), the Managing Member may cause the Company to pay or bear all expenses of the Managing Member, including, without suggesting any limitation of any kind, costs of securities offerings not borne directly by Members, board of directors compensation and meeting costs, cost of periodic reports to its stockholders, litigation costs and damages arising from litigation, accounting and legal costs and franchise taxes, provided that the Company shall not pay or bear any income tax obligations of the Managing Member.
 
ARTICLE VI
MANAGEMENT
 
Section 6.1             Managing Member; Delegation of Authority and Duties .
 
(a)            Authority of Managing Member . The business, property and affairs of the Company shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the Managing Member, which may from time to time delegate authority to Officers or to others to act on behalf of the Company. Without limiting the foregoing provisions of this Section 6.1(a) , but subject to any approval of the Members required by the Act, the Managing Member shall have the sole power to manage or cause the management of the Company, including, without limitation, the power and authority to effectuate the sale, lease, Transfer, exchange or other disposition of any, all or substantially all of the assets of the Company (including, but not limited to, the exercise or grant of any conversion, option, privilege or subscription right or any other right available in connection with any assets at any time held by the Company).
 
(b)            Other Members . No Member who is not also a Managing Member, in his or her or its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Company. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units, other Equity Securities in the Company, or the fact of a Member’s admission as a member of the Company do not confer any rights upon the Members to participate in the management of the affairs of the Company. Except as expressly provided herein or as required by the Act, no Member who is not also a Managing Member shall have any right to vote on any matter involving the Company, including with respect to any  conversion of the Company, or any other matter that a Member might otherwise have the ability to vote or consent with respect to under the Act, at law, in equity or otherwise. The conduct, Control and management of the Company shall be vested exclusively in the Managing Member. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Company, the decision of the Managing Member shall be the decision of the Company.  Except as required law, or expressly provided in Section 6.1 or by separate agreement with the Company, no Member who is not also a Managing Member (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Company in its capacity as a Member, nor shall any Member who is not also a Managing Member (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Company in his or her or its capacity as a Member in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Company or of any other Member.
 
 
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(c)            Delegation by Managing Member . The Company may employ one or more Members from time to time, and such Members, in their capacity as employees or agents of the Company (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Members of the Company), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Company to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Company has been delegated to them by the Managing Member. To the fullest extent permitted by law, the Managing Member shall have the power and authority to delegate to one or more other Persons the Managing Member’s rights and powers to manage and control the business and affairs of the Company, including to delegate to agents and employees of a Member or the Company (including Officers), and to delegate by a management agreement or another agreement with, or otherwise to, other Persons. The Managing Member may authorize any Person (including any Member or Officer) to enter into and perform any document on behalf of the Company.
 
(d)            Devotion of Time and Competing Activities.  The Managing Member is not obligated to devote all of its time or business efforts to the affairs of the Company.  The Managing Member shall devote whatever time, effort, and skill as it deems appropriate in its discretion for the operation of the Company.  The Managing Member and its Affiliates may engage or invest in, independently or with others, any business activity or company of any type or description.  Neither the Company nor any Member shall have any right in or to such other ventures or activities, or to the income or proceeds derived therefrom.  The Managing Member shall not be obligated to present any investment opportunity or prospective economic advantage to the Company, even if the opportunity is of the character that, if presented to the Company, could be taken by the Company.  The Managing Member shall have the right to hold any investment opportunity or prospective economic advantage for its own account or to recommend such opportunity to Persons other than the Company.  The Members hereby waive any and all rights and claims which they may otherwise have against the Managing Member and its Affiliates as a result of such activities.
 
(e)            Limitation of Liability.   The Managing Member shall not be liable to the Company or any Member for any action taken or any failure to act, unless the act or omission constituted gross negligence, reckless conduct or intentional misconduct.
 
 
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(f)            Duties of Managing Member .  The parties hereby agree that the Managing Member’s only duty of care to the Company and the Members is to refrain from engaging in grossly negligent or reckless conduct or intentional misconduct.   To the extent that, at law or in equity, the Managing Member has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Company, the Members or to another Person who is a party to or otherwise bound by this Agreement, the Managing Member acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Company, to any such other Member or to any such other Person who is a party to or otherwise bound by this Agreement, for its Good Faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. To the extent that the provisions of this Agreement restrict or modify the duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities related thereto of the Managing Member otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise, it is agreed by the parties hereto that such restricted and modified duties and liabilities shall govern and replace the duties and liabilities of the Managing Member otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise.   The Managing Member may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the Managing Member on behalf of the Company or in furtherance of the interests of the Company in Good Faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the Managing Member will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.   The parties hereto agree that nothing contained in this Section 6.2(f ) shall eliminate the implied contractual covenant of good faith and fair dealing.   Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity, whenever in this Agreement the Managing Member is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its “sole discretion” or “discretion” or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, the Managing Member shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Company or the other Members, or (ii) in its Good Faith or under another expressed standard, the Managing Member shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
 
Section 6.2              Officers .
 
(a)            Designation and Appointment . The Managing Member may, from time to time, employ and retain Persons as may be necessary or appropriate for the conduct of the Company’s business, including employees, agents and other Persons (any of whom may be a Member) who may be designated as Officers of the Company, with such titles as and to the extent authorized by the Managing Member. Any number of offices may be held by the same Person. In its discretion, the Managing Member may choose not to fill any office for any period as it may deem advisable. Officers need not be residents of the State of California or Members. Any Officers so designated shall have such authority and perform such duties as the Managing Member may from time to time delegate to them. The Managing Member may assign titles to particular Officers. Each Officer shall hold office until his successor shall be duly designated and shall qualify or until his death or until he shall resign or shall have been removed in the manner hereinafter provided. The salaries or other compensation, if any, of the Officers of the Company shall be fixed from time to time by the Managing Member. Designation of an Officer shall not of itself create any employment or, except as provided in Section 6.4 , contractual rights.
 
(b)            Resignation and Removal . Any Officer may resign as such at any time. Such resignation shall be made in writing and shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if no time is specified, at the time of its receipt by the Managing Member. The acceptance of a resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective, unless expressly so provided in the resignation. All employees, agents and Officers shall be subject to the supervision and direction of the Managing Member and may be removed, with or without cause, from such office by the Managing Member and the authority, duties or responsibilities of any employee, agent or Officer of the Company may be suspended by or altered the Managing Member from time to time, in each case in the sole discretion of the Managing Member.
 
 
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(c)            Duties of Officers . The Officers, in the performance of their duties as such, shall owe to the Company duties of loyalty and due care of the type owed by officers of a California corporation pursuant to the laws of the state of California.
 
Section 6.3             Liability of Members .
 
(a)            No Personal Liability . Except as otherwise required by applicable law and as expressly set forth in this Agreement, no Member shall have any personal liability whatsoever in such Person’s capacity as a Member, whether to the Company, to any of the other Members, to the creditors of the Company or to any other third party, for the debts, liabilities, commitments or any other obligations of the Company or for any losses of the Company. Except as otherwise required by the Act, each Member shall be liable only to make such Member’s Capital Contribution to the Company, if applicable, and the other payments provided for expressly herein.
 
(b)            Return of Distributions . In accordance with the Act and the laws of the State of California, a Member may, under certain circumstances, be required to return amounts previously distributed to such Member. It is the intent of the Members that no distribution to any Member pursuant to ARTICLE IV shall be deemed a return of money or other property paid or distributed in violation of the Act. The payment of any such money or distribution of any such property to a Member shall be deemed to be a compromise within the meaning of Section 17201(b) of the Act, and, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any Member receiving any such money or property shall not be required to return any such money or property to the Company or any other Person. However, if any court of competent jurisdiction holds that, notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, any Member is obligated to make any such payment, such obligation shall be the obligation of such Member and not of any other Member.
 
Section 6.4              Indemnification by the Company . Subject to the limitations and conditions provided in this Section 6.4 , each Person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or arbitrative (each, a “ Proceeding ”), or any appeal in such a Proceeding or any inquiry or investigation that could lead to such a Proceeding, by reason of the fact that he, she or it, or a Person of which he, she or it is the legal representative, is or was a Managing  Member or an Officer (each, an “ Indemnified Person ”), in each case, shall be indemnified by the Company to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended (but, in the case of any such amendment, only to the extent that such amendment permits the Company to provide broader indemnification rights than such law permitted the Company to provide prior to such amendment) against all judgments, penalties (including excise and similar taxes and punitive damages), fines, settlements and reasonable expenses (including reasonable attorneys’ fees and expenses) actually incurred by such Indemnified Person in connection with such Proceeding, appeal, inquiry or investigation, if such Indemnified Person acted in Good Faith. Reasonable expenses incurred by an Indemnified Person who was, is or is threatened to be made a named defendant or respondent in a Proceeding shall be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of the Proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of such Person to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he, she or it is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company. Indemnification under this Section 6.4 shall continue as to a Person who has ceased to serve in the capacity which initially entitled such Person to indemnity hereunder. The rights granted pursuant to this Section 6.4 shall be deemed contract rights, and no amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.4 shall have the effect of limiting or denying any such rights with respect to actions taken or Proceedings, appeals, inquiries or investigations arising prior to any amendment, modification or repeal. It is expressly acknowledged that the indemnification provided in this Section 6.4 could involve indemnification for negligence or under theories of strict liability. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Indemnified Person shall be entitled to any indemnity or advancement of expenses in connection with any Proceeding brought (i) by such Indemnified Person against the Company (other than to enforce the rights of such Indemnified Person pursuant to this Section 6.4 ), any Member or any Officer, or (ii) by or in the right of the Company, without the prior written consent of the Managing Member.
 
 
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Section 6.5              Investment Representations of Members . Each Member hereby represents, warrants and acknowledges to the Company that: (a) such Member has such knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and is capable of evaluating the merits and risks of an investment in the Company and is making an informed investment decision with respect thereto; (b) such Member is acquiring interests in the Company for investment only and not with a view to, or for resale in connection with, any distribution to the public or public offering thereof; and (c) the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement have been duly authorized by such Member.
 
ARTICLE VII
WITHDRAWAL; DISSOLUTION; TRANSFER OF MEMBERSHIP INTERESTS;
ADMISSION OF NEW MEMBERS
 
Section 7.1             Member Withdrawal . No Member shall have the power or right to withdraw or otherwise resign or be expelled from the Company prior to the dissolution and winding up of the Company except pursuant to a Transfer permitted under this Agreement.
 
Section 7.2             Dissolution .
 
(a)            Events . The Company shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up on the first to occur of (i) the determination of the Managing Member, (ii) by the vote of a Majority in Interest of the Members, (iii) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company under Section 17351 of the Act or (iv) the termination of the legal existence of the last remaining Member or the occurrence of any other event which terminates the continued membership of the last remaining Member in the Company unless the Company is continued without dissolution in a manner permitted by the Act. In the event of a dissolution pursuant to clause (i) of the immediately preceding sentence, the relative economic rights of each Class of Units immediately prior to such dissolution shall be preserved to the greatest extent practicable with respect to distributions made to Members pursuant to Section 7.2(c) below in connection with the winding up of the Company, taking into consideration tax and other legal constraints that may adversely affect one or more parties hereto and subject to compliance with applicable laws and regulations, unless, with respect to any Class of Units, holders of not less than 90% of the Units of such Class consent in writing to a treatment other than as described above.
 
 
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(b)            Actions Upon Dissolution . When the Company is dissolved, the business and property of the Company shall be wound up and liquidated by the Managing Member or, in the event of the unavailability of the Managing Member or if the Managing Member shall so determine, such Member or other liquidating trustee as shall be named by the Managing Member.
 
(c)            Priority . A reasonable time shall be allowed for the orderly winding up of the business and affairs of the Company and the liquidation of its assets pursuant to this Section 7.2 to minimize any losses otherwise attendant upon such winding up. Upon dissolution of the Company, the assets of the Company shall be applied in the following manner and order of priority: (i) to creditors, including Members who are creditors, to the extent otherwise permitted by law,   in satisfaction of liabilities of the Company (including all contingent, conditional or unmatured claims), whether by payment or the making of reasonable provision for payment thereof; and (ii) the balance shall be distributed to the Members in accordance with their respective Units and pro rata in respect of each Class of Units.
 
(d)            Cancellation of Articles of Organization . The Company shall terminate when (i) all of the assets of the Company, after payment of or due provision for all debts liabilities and obligations of the Company, shall have been distributed to the Members in the manner provided for in this Agreement and (ii) the Articles of Organization shall have been canceled in the manner required by the Act.
 
(e)            Return of Capital .   The Members shall look solely to the assets of the Company for the return of their Capital Contributions or returns thereon, if any.   T he liquidators of the Company and the Managing Member shall not be personally liable for the return of Capital Contributions or any portion thereof to the Members (it being understood that any such return shall be made solely from Company assets).   If the assets remaining after the payment or discharge of the debts and liabilities of the Company are insufficient to return the Members’ Capital Contributions or returns thereon, the Members shall have no recourse against the Managing Member or any other liquidators of the Company.
 
(f)            Hart Scott Rodino . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Agreement, in the event the Hart Scott Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended (the “ HSR Act ”), is applicable to any Member by reason of the fact that any assets of the Company will be distributed to such Member in connection with the dissolution of the Company, the distribution of any assets of the Company shall not be consummated until such time as the applicable waiting periods (and extensions thereof) under the HSR Act have expired or otherwise been terminated with respect to each such Member.
 
 
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Section 7.3             Transfer by Members . No Member may Transfer or Pledge all or any portion of its Units or other interests or rights in the Company except with the written consent of the Managing Member in its sole discretion, provided, however, that, subject to the provisions of Section 7.4(c) (other than the provisions of Section 7.4(c)(v) to the extent that such provisions relate to the delivery of legal and/or tax opinions), without the consent of the Managing Member, a Member may, at any time, Transfer any of such Member’s Units pursuant to the Exchange Agreement. In addition, to the extent that the Managing Member determines in Good Faith that a proposed Transfer would not violate Section 7.4(c) below, then the Managing Member will not unreasonably withhold its consent to a Transfer (i) in the case of any Member who is a natural Person, (A) upon the death of such Member pursuant to applicable laws of descent and distribution or (B) to or among such Person’s spouse and descendants (whether natural or adopted) and any trust, partnership, limited liability company or similar vehicle established solely for the benefit of (or the sole members or partners of which are) such Person, such Person’s spouse and/or descendants or (ii) to and among wholly owned Subsidiaries of any Member, provided, however, that if any such wholly owned Subsidiary will subsequently cease to be wholly owned by such Member, the Units so Transferred must first be Transferred back to the original Member or another permitted Transferee of such original Member.  For the avoidance of doubt, it shall not be unreasonable for the Managing Member to impose reasonable restrictions on the number of Persons to whom a Member may make Transfers pursuant to clauses (i) and (ii) of the preceding sentence, which restrictions need not be uniform among holders of interests in the Company. Any purported Transfer or Pledge of all or a portion of a Member’s Units or other interests in the Company not complying with this Section 7.3 shall be void and shall not create any obligation on the part of the Company or the other Members to recognize that Transfer or Pledge or to deal with the Person to which the Transfer or Pledge purportedly was made.
 
Section 7.4             Admission or Substitution of New Members .
 
(a)            Admission . Without the consent of any other Person, the Managing Member shall have the right to admit as a Substituted Member or an Additional Member, any Person who acquires an interest in the Company, or any part thereof, from a Member or from the Company. Concurrently with the admission of a Substituted Member or an Additional Member, the Managing Member shall forthwith (i) amend the Schedule of Members to reflect the name and address of such Substituted Member or Additional Member and to eliminate or modify, as applicable, the name and address of the Transferring Member with regard to the Transferred Units and (ii) cause any necessary papers to be filed and recorded and notice to be given wherever and to the extent required showing the substitution of a Transferee as a Substituted Member in place of the Transferring Member, or the admission of an Additional Member, in each case, at the expense, including payment of any professional and filing fees incurred, of such Substituted Member or Additional Member; provided that such expenses shall not be payable with respect to a Substituted Member or Additional Member that is or is to become an employee of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, where the issuance or Transfer of an interest in the Company to such Person is in connection with their provision of services to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
 
(b)            Conditions and Limitations . The admission of any Person as a Substituted Member or an Additional Member shall be conditioned upon (i) such Person’s written acceptance and adoption of all the terms and provisions of this Agreement, either by (A) execution and delivery of a counterpart signature page to this Agreement countersigned by the Managing Member on behalf of the Company or (B) any other writing evidencing the intent of such Person to become a Substituted Member or an Additional Member and such writing is accepted by the Managing Member on behalf of the Company.
 
 
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(c)            Prohibited Transfers . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit or other interest in the Company be made by any Member or Assignee if:
 
(i)            such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit or other interest in the Company;
 
(ii)           such Transfer would pose a material risk that the Company would be a “publicly traded partnership” as defined in Section 7704 of the Code;
 
(iii)           such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or other interest in the Company or of any Class of Unit or other interest in the Company pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S. securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
 
(iv)           such Transfer would cause any portion of the assets of the Company to become “plan assets” of any “benefit plan investor” within the meaning of regulations issued by the U.S. Department of Labor at Section 2510.3-101 of Part 2510 of Chapter XXV, Title 29 of the Code of Federal Regulations as modified by Section 3(42) of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time; or
 
(v)           to the extent requested by the Managing Member, the Company does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignee’s consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the Managing Member, as determined in the Managing Member’s sole discretion.
 
In addition, notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, to the extent the Managing Member shall determine that interests in the Company do not meet the requirements of Treasury Regulation section 1.7704-1(h), the Managing Member may impose such restrictions on the Transfer of Units or other interests in the Company as the Managing Member may determine to be necessary or advisable so that the Company is not treated as a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Code.
 
Any Transfer in violation of Section 7.3 or this Section 7.4(c) shall be null and void ab initio and of no effect.
 
(d)            Effect of Transfer to Substituted Member . Following the Transfer of any Unit or other interest in the Company that is permitted under Sections 7.3 and 7.4 , the Transferee of such Unit or other interest in the Company shall be treated as having made all of the Capital Contributions in respect of, and received all of the distributions received in respect of, such Unit or other interest in the Company, shall succeed to the Capital Account balance associated with such Unit or other interest in the Company, shall receive allocations and distributions under ARTICLE IV and ARTICLE V in respect of such Unit or other interest in the Company and otherwise shall become a Substituted Member entitled to all the rights of a Member with respect to such Unit or other interest in the Company.
 
 
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Section 7.5             Additional Requirements . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, for the avoidance of doubt, the Managing Member may impose such vesting requirements, forfeiture provisions, Transfer restrictions, minimum retained ownership requirements or other similar provisions with respect to any interests in the Company that are outstanding as of the date of this Agreement or are created hereafter, with the written consent of the holder of such interests in the Company.   Such requirements, provisions and restrictions need not be uniform among holders of interests in the Company and may be waived or released by the Managing Member in its sole discretion with respect to all or a portion of the interests in the Company owned by any one or more Members or Assignees at any time and from time to time, and such actions or omissions by the Managing Member shall not constitute the breach of this Agreement or of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise.
 
Section 7.6             Mandatory Exchange . The Managing Member may, with the consent of those Members (other than the Managing Member) holding not less than 75% of the LLC Units (excluding any LLC Units held by the Managing Member) require all Members holding LLC Units to exchange all such Units held by them pursuant to the Exchange Agreement.
 
Section 7.7             Bankruptcy . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Bankruptcy of a Member shall not cause such Member to cease to be a member of the Company and upon the occurrence of such an event, the Company shall continue without dissolution.
 
ARTICLE VIII
BOOKS AND RECORDS; FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND OTHER INFORMATION;
TAX MATTERS
 
Section 8.1             Books and Records. The Company shall keep at its principal executive office (i) correct and complete books and records of account (which, in the case of financial records, shall be kept in accordance with GAAP), (ii) minutes of the proceedings of meetings of the Members, (iii) a current list of the directors and officers of the Company and its Subsidiaries and their respective residence addresses, and (iv) a record containing the names and addresses of all Members, the total number of Units held by each Member, and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof. Any of the foregoing books, minutes or records may be in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time. Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement and as required by Section 17106 of the Act, no Member shall have the right to obtain information from the Company.
 
Section 8.2             Information .
 
(a)           The Members shall be supplied with all other Company information necessary to enable each Member to prepare its federal, state, and local income tax returns.
 
 
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(b)           All determinations, valuations and other matters of judgment required to be made for ordinary course accounting purposes under this Agreement shall be made by the Managing Member and shall be conclusive and binding on all Members, their Successors in Interest and any other Person who is a party to or otherwise bound by this Agreement, and to the fullest extent permitted by law or as otherwise provided in this Agreement, no such Person shall have the right to an accounting or an appraisal of the assets of the Company or any successor thereto.
 
Section 8.3              Fiscal Year . The Fiscal Year of the Company shall end on or as close to December 31 of each calendar year unless otherwise determined by the Managing Member in its sole discretion in accordance with Section 706 of the Code.
 
Section 8.4              Certain Tax Matters .
 
(a)            Preparation of Returns . The Managing Member shall cause to be prepared all federal, state and local tax returns of the Company for each year for which such returns are required to be filed and shall cause such returns to be timely filed. The Managing Member shall determine the appropriate treatment of each item of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the Company and the accounting methods and conventions under the tax laws of the United States of America, the several states and other relevant jurisdictions as to the treatment of any such item or any other method or procedure related to the preparation of such tax returns. Except as specifically provided otherwise in this Agreement, the Managing Member may cause the Company to make or refrain from making any and all elections permitted by such tax laws. As promptly as practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Managing Member shall cause the Company to provide to each Member a Schedule K-1 for such Fiscal Year. Additionally, the Managing Member shall cause the Company to provide to each Member, to the extent commercially reasonable and available to the Company without undue cost, any information reasonably required by the Member to prepare, or in connection with an audit of, such Member’s income tax returns.
 
(b)            Consistent Treatment . Each Member agrees that it shall not, except as otherwise required by applicable law or regulatory requirements, (i) treat, on its individual income tax returns, any item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit relating to its interest in the Company in a manner inconsistent with the treatment of such item by the Company as reflected on the Form K-1 or other information statement furnished by the Company to such Member for use in preparing its income tax returns or (ii) file any claim for refund relating to any such item based on, or which would result in, such inconsistent treatment.
 
 
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(c)            Duties of the Tax Matters Member . In respect of an income tax audit of any tax return of the Company, the filing of any amended return or claim for refund in connection with any item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit reflected on any tax return of the Company, or any administrative or judicial proceedings arising out of or in connection with any such audit, amended return, claim for refund or denial of such claim, (A) the Managing Member shall direct the Tax Matters Member to act for, and such action shall be final and binding upon, the Company and all Members except to the extent a Member shall properly elect to be excluded from such proceeding pursuant to the Code, (B) all expenses incurred by the Tax Matters Member in connection therewith (including attorneys’, accountants’ and other experts’ fees and disbursements) shall be expenses of, and payable by, the Company, (C) no Member shall have the right to (1) participate in the audit of any Company tax return, (2) file any amended return or claim for refund in connection with any item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit (other than items which are not partnership items within the meaning of Code Section 6231(a)(4) or which cease to be partnership items under Code Section 6231(b)) reflected on any tax return of the Company, (3) participate in any administrative or judicial proceedings conducted by the Company or the Tax Matters Member arising out of or in connection with any such audit, amended return, claim for refund or denial of such claim, or (4) appeal, challenge or otherwise protest any adverse findings in any such audit conducted by the Company or the Tax Matters Member or with respect to any such amended return or claim for refund filed by the Company or the Tax Matters Member or in any such administrative or judicial proceedings conducted by the Company or the Tax Matters Member and (D) the Tax Matters Member shall keep the Members reasonably apprised of the status of any such proceeding. Notwithstanding the previous sentence, if a petition for a readjustment to any partnership item included in a final partnership administrative adjustment is filed with a District Court or the Court of Claims and the IRS has elected to assess income tax against a Member with respect to that final partnership administrative adjustment (rather than suspending assessments until the District Court or Court of Claims proceedings become final), such Member shall be permitted to file a claim for refund within such period of time as to avoid application of any statute of limitations which would otherwise prevent the Member from having any claim based on the final outcome of that review.
 
(d)            Tax Matters Member . The Company and each Member hereby designate the Managing Member as the “tax matters partner” for purposes of Code Section 6231(a)(7) (the “ Tax Matters Member ”).
 
(e)             Certain Filings . Upon the Transfer of an interest in the Company (within the meaning of the Code), a sale of Company assets or a liquidation of the Company, the Members shall provide the Managing Member with information and shall make tax filings as reasonably requested by the Managing Member and required under applicable law.
 
(f)             Section 754 Election . The Managing Member shall cause the Company to make and to maintain and keep in effect at all times, in accordance with Sections 734, 743 and 754 of the Code and applicable Treasury Regulations and comparable state law provisions, an election to adjust basis in the event (i) any LLC Unit is Transferred in accordance with this Agreement or the Exchange Agreement or (ii) any Company property is distributed to any Member.
 
ARTICLE IX
MISCELLANEOUS
 
Section 9.1              Separate Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, including Section 9.4 , or of any subscription agreement between the Company and any Member, the Managing Member may, or may cause the Company to, without the approval of any other Member or other Person, enter into separate agreements with individual Members with respect to any matter, which have the effect of establishing rights under, or altering, supplementing or amending the terms of, this Agreement or any such subscription agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in any such separate agreement shall govern with respect to such Member(s) party thereto notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The Managing Member may from time to time execute and deliver to the Members schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Company and any other matters deemed appropriate by the Managing Member. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
 
 
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Section 9.2              Governing Law . THIS AGREEMENT IS GOVERNED BY AND SHALL BE CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE LAW OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, EXCLUDING ANY CONFLICT OF LAWS RULE OR PRINCIPLE THAT MIGHT REFER THE GOVERNANCE OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THIS AGREEMENT TO THE LAW OF ANOTHER JURISDICTION.
 
Section 9.3              Successors and Assigns . This Agreement shall be binding upon and shall inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their respective Successors in Interest; provided that no Person claiming by, through or under a Member (whether as such Member’s Successor in Interest or otherwise), as distinct from such Member itself, shall have any rights as, or in respect to, a Member (including the right to approve or vote on any matter or to notice thereof).
 
Section 9.4              Amendments and Waivers . This Agreement may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the Managing Member in its sole discretion without the approval of any other Member or other Person; provided that except as otherwise provided herein (including, without limitation, in Section 3.2(a) ), no amendment may materially and adversely affect the rights of a holder of Units, as such, other than on a pro rata basis with other holders of Units of the same Class without the consent of such holder (or, if there is more than one such holder that is so affected, without the consent of a majority of such affected holders in accordance with their holdings of Units), provided further, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, the Managing Member may, without the written consent of any other Member or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (1) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any Class of Units or other Equity Securities in the Company or other Company securities in accordance with this Agreement; (2) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Members in accordance with this Agreement; (3) a change in the name of the Company, the location of the principal place of business of the Company, the registered agent of the Company or the registered office of the Company; (4) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the Managing Member determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; or (5) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Company and any other changes that the Managing Member determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Company, including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Company; provided further, that the books and records of the Company shall be deemed amended from time to time to reflect the admission of a new Member, the withdrawal or resignation of a Member, the adjustment of the Units or other interests in the Company resulting from any issuance, Transfer or other disposition of Units or other interests in the Company, in each case that is made in accordance with the provisions hereof. If an amendment has been approved in accordance with this agreement, such amendment shall be adopted and effective with respect to all Members. Upon obtaining such approvals as may be required by this Agreement, and without further action or execution on the part of any other Member or other Person, any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the Managing Member and the other Members shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Articles of Organization may only be amended by a vote of a Majority in Interest of the Members.
 
 
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, in addition to any other consent that may be required, any amendment of this Agreement that requires a holder of LLC Units on the date hereof to make a Capital Contribution (including as a condition to maintaining any rights necessary to permit such holders to exercise their rights under the Exchange Agreement) shall require the consent of such holder of LLC Units.
 
No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by law.
 
Section 9.5              Notices . Whenever notice is required or permitted by this Agreement to be given, such notice shall be in writing and shall be given to any Member at such Member’s address or facsimile number shown in the Company’s books and records, or, if given to the Company, at the following address:
 
H.D.D. LLC
P.O. Box 1532
Healdsburg, CA 95448
Attention: Chief Executive Officer
 
with a copy (which shall not constitute notice to the Company) to:
 
Morrison & Foerster LLP
1290 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10104
Attention: Anna T. Pinedo
Facsimile: (212) 468-7900
 
Each proper notice shall be effective upon any of the following: (a) personal delivery to the recipient, (b) when sent by facsimile to the recipient (with confirmation of receipt), (c) one Business Day after being sent to the recipient by reputable overnight courier service (charges prepaid) or (d) three Business Days after being deposited in the mails (first class or airmail postage prepaid).
 
Section 9.6              Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed simultaneously in two or more separate counterparts, any one of which need not contain the signatures of more than one party, but each of which shall be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same agreement binding on all the parties hereto.
 
 
38

 
 
Section 9.7              Power of Attorney . Each Member hereby irrevocably appoints the Managing Member as such Member’s true and lawful representative and attorney in fact, each acting alone, in such Member’s name, place and stead, (a) to make, execute, sign and file all instruments, documents and certificates which, from time to time, may be required to set forth any amendment to this Agreement or which may be required by this Agreement or by the laws of the United States of America, the State of California or any other state in which the Company shall determine to do business, or any political subdivision or agency thereof and (b) to execute, implement and continue the valid and subsisting existence of the Company or to qualify and continue the Company as a foreign limited liability company in all jurisdictions in which the Company may conduct business. Such power of attorney is coupled with an interest and shall survive and continue in full force and effect notwithstanding the subsequent withdrawal from the Company of any Member for any reason and shall survive and shall not be affected by the disability, incapacity, Bankruptcy or dissolution of such Member. No power of attorney granted in this Agreement shall revoke any previously granted power of attorney.
 
Section 9.8               Entire Agreement . This Agreement, the Exchange Agreement, the Tax Receivable Agreement and the other documents and agreements referred to herein or entered into concurrently herewith embody the entire agreement and understanding of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein; provided that such other agreements and documents shall not be deemed to be a part of, a modification of or an amendment to this Agreement. There are no restrictions, promises, representations, warranties, covenants or undertakings, other than those expressly set forth or referred to herein. This Agreement supersedes all prior agreements and understandings between the parties with respect to such subject matter, including the Original Agreement, the First Amended Agreement and the Second Amended Agreement.
 
Section 9.9              Remedies . Each Member shall have all rights and remedies set forth in this Agreement and all rights and remedies that such Person has been granted at any time under any other agreement or contract and all of the rights that such Person has under any applicable law. Any Person having any rights under any provision of this Agreement or any other agreements contemplated hereby shall be entitled to enforce such rights specifically (without posting a bond or other security) to recover damages by reason of any breach of any provision of this Agreement and to exercise all other rights granted by applicable law.
 
Section 9.10            Severability . Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect under any applicable law or rule in any jurisdiction, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision or any other jurisdiction, but this Agreement shall be reformed, construed and enforced in such jurisdiction as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein.
 
Section 9.11            Creditors . None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of or enforceable by any creditors of the Company or any of its Affiliates, and no creditor who makes a loan to the Company or any of its Affiliates may have or acquire (except pursuant to the terms of a separate agreement executed by the Company in favor of such creditor) at any time as a result of making the loan any direct or indirect interest in Company profits, losses, distributions, capital or property other than as a secured creditor.
 
 
39

 
 
Section 9.12            Waiver . No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute a waiver of any such breach or any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.
 
Section 9.13            Further Action . The parties agree to execute and deliver all documents, provide all information and take or refrain from taking such actions as may be necessary or appropriate to achieve the purposes of this Agreement.
 
Section 9.14            Delivery by Facsimile or Email . This Agreement, the agreements referred to herein, and each other agreement or instrument entered into in connection herewith or therewith or contemplated hereby or thereby, and any amendments hereto or thereto, to the extent signed and delivered by means of a facsimile machine or email with scan or facsimile attachment, shall be treated in all manner and respects as an original agreement or instrument and shall be considered to have the same binding legal effect as if it were the original signed version thereof delivered in person. At the request of any party hereto or to any such agreement or instrument, each other party hereto or thereto shall re-execute original forms thereof and deliver them to all other parties. No party hereto or to any such agreement or instrument shall raise the use of a facsimile machine or email to deliver a signature or the fact that any signature or agreement or instrument was transmitted or communicated through the use of a facsimile machine or email as a defense to the formation or enforceability of a contract, and each such party forever waives any such defense.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
40

 
 
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement.
 
 
MANAGING MEMBER:
 
       
  TRUETT-HURST, INC.  
       
 
By:
   
  Name:     
  Title:    
 
 
OTHER MEMBERS:
 
       
       
     
 
Mark De Meulenaere
 
       
       
     
 
Forrester R. Hambrecht
 
       
       
     
 
Barrie Graham
 
       
       
     
 
Virginia Marie Lambrix
 
       
       
 
THE HURST FAMILY REVOCABLE TRUST dated August 1, 2004
 
       
 
By:
   
   
Phillip L. Hurst, Co-Trustee
 
       
       
  By:    
    Sylvia M. Hurst, Co-Trustee  
 
 
[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]
 
 
[Signature page to Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement]
 

 
 
 
HAMBRECHT WINE GROUP, L.P.,
    a California limited partnership
 
       
 
 
 
 
By:       HAMBRECHT WINE MANAGEMENT INC., a California corporation
Its:       General Partner
 
     
       
 
By:
   
   
William R. Hambrecht, Chairman
 
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2005 FAMILY TRUST U/T/D dated August 24, 2005
 
 
 
 
       
 
By:
   
   
Heath E. Dolan, Trustee
 
 
 
 
THE DOLAN 2003 FAMILY TRUST U/T/A dated June 5, 2003
 
       
 
 
 
       
 
By:
   
   
Paul E. Dolan, III, Trustee
 
       
       
  THE CARROLL-OBREMSKEY FAMILY REVOCABLE TRUST DATED APRIL 5, 1996  
       
       
  By:    
   
Daniel A. Carroll, Trustee
 
       
       
  By:      
    Stasia A. Obremskey, Trustee  
 
 
[SIGNATURES CONTINUE ON FOLLOWING PAGE]
 
 
[Signature page to Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement]
 

 
  
       
   
Anna-Marie E. Schweizer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
[Signature page to Third Amended and Restated Operating Agreement]
 

 
 
ANNEX A
MEMBERS
 
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
 
The Hurst Family Revocable Trust dated August 1, 2004
 
Hambrecht Wine Group, L.P.
 
The Dolan 2005 Family Trust u/t/d dated August 24, 2005
 
The Dolan 2003 Family Trust u/t/a dated June 5, 2003
 
The Carroll-Obremskey Family Revocable Trust dated April 5, 1996
 
Mark De Meulenaere
 
Forrester R. Hambrecht
 
Barrie Graham
 
Anna-Marie E. Schweizer
 
Virginia Marie Lambrix
 
 
 

 
Exhibit 4.1
                  
Certificate Number
 
Shares
TH [   ]
 
     [   ]

TRUETT-HURST, INC.
Incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware
Class A Common Stock, par value $0.001
CUSIP 897871109

THIS CERTIFIES THAT [                                                               ]   is the record holder of [                                                                  ] fully paid and non-assessable shares of the Class A common stock, par value of $0.001 per share, of Truett-Hurst, Inc. (hereinafter, called the “Corporation”) transferable on the books of the Corporation in person or by duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this Certificate properly endorsed.
 
This Certificate and the shares represented hereby, are issued and shall be subject to all of the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, as amended, and the bylaws, as amended, of the Corporation (copies of which are on file at the Corporation and with the Corporation’s Transfer Agent), to all of which each holder, by acceptance hereof, assents.
 
This certificate is not valid until countersigned and registered by the Transfer Agent and Registrar.
 
WITNESS the seal of the Corporation and the signatures of its duly authorized officers this ___ day of ______, _________.


_______________________
[CORPORATE SEAL]
_______________________
Paul E. Dolan, III, Secretary
Phillip L. Hurst, President
 
 
 

 
 
THE CORPORATION WILL FURNISH WITHOUT CHARGE TO EACH STOCKHOLDER WHO SO REQUESTS, A SUMMARY OF THE POWERS, DESIGNATIONS, PREFERENCES AND RELATIVE, PARTICIPATING, OPTIONAL OR OTHER SPECIAL RIGHTS OF EACH CLASS OF STOCK OF THE CORPORATION AND THE QUALIFICATIONS, LIMITATIONS OR RESTRICTIONS OF SUCH PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS, AND THE VARIATIONS IN RIGHTS, PREFERENCES AND LIMITATIONS DETERMINED FOR EACH SERIES, WHICH ARE FIXED BY THE CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF THE CORPORATION, AS AMENDED, AND THE RESOLUTIONS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION, AND THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO DETERMINE VARIATIONS FOR FUTURE SERIES.  SUCH REQUEST MAY BE MADE TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION OR TO THE TRANSFER AGENT.  THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MAY REQUIRE THE OWNER OF A LOST OR DESTROYED STOCK CERTIFICATE, OR HIS LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES, TO GIVE THE CORPORATION A BOND TO INDEMNIFY IT AND ITS TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR AGAINST ANY CLAIM THAT MAY BE MADE AGAINST THEM ON ACCOUNT OF THE ALLEGED LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF ANY SUCH CERTIFICATE.

The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM – as tenants in common
TEN ENT – as tenants by the entireties
JT TEN – as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT -- __(Cust)___ Custodian __(Minor)___ under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act __ (State)___
 
Additional abbreviations may also be used through not in the above list.

FOR VALUE RECEIVED ____________________________ HEREBY SELL, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER UNTO ____________________________ SHARES OF THE COMMON STOCK REPRESENTED BY THE WITHIN CERTIFICATE AND DO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY CONSTITUTE AND APPOINT ___________________________________ ATTORNEY TO TRANSFER THE SAID STOCK ON THE BOOKS OF THE WITHIN-NAMED CORPORATION WITH FULL POWER OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE PREMISES.

DATED ___________________, 20___

 
______________________________________________
 
Stockholder
NOTICE:  THE SIGNATURE OF THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THIS CERTIFICATE, IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT, OR ANY CHANGE WHATSOEVER.
SIGNATURE(S) GUARANTEED:
 
______________________________________________
 
THE SIGNATURE(S) MUST BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM), PURSUANT TO SEC RULE 17Ad-15.
 

 
 

Exhibit 4.2
   
Certificate Number
 
Shares
TH [   ]
 
     [   ]

TRUETT-HURST, INC.
Incorporated under the laws of the State of Delaware
Class B Common Stock, par value $0.001
CUSIP 897871109

THIS CERTIFIES THAT [                                                               ]   is the record holder of [                                                                   ] fully paid and non-assessable shares of the Class B common stock, par value of $0.001 per share, of Truett-Hurst, Inc. (hereinafter, called the “Corporation”) transferable on the books of the Corporation in person or by duly authorized attorney, upon surrender of this Certificate properly endorsed.
 
This Certificate and the shares represented hereby, are issued and shall be subject to all of the provisions of the certificate of incorporation, as amended, and the bylaws, as amended, of the Corporation (copies of which are on file at the Corporation and with the Corporation’s Transfer Agent), to all of which each holder, by acceptance hereof, assents.
 
This certificate is not valid until countersigned and registered by the Transfer Agent and Registrar.
 
WITNESS the seal of the Corporation and the signatures of its duly authorized officers this ___ day of ______, _________.


_______________________
[CORPORATE SEAL]
_______________________
Paul E. Dolan, III, Secretary
Phillip L. Hurst, President
 
 
 

 
 
THE CORPORATION WILL FURNISH WITHOUT CHARGE TO EACH STOCKHOLDER WHO SO REQUESTS, A SUMMARY OF THE POWERS, DESIGNATIONS, PREFERENCES AND RELATIVE, PARTICIPATING, OPTIONAL OR OTHER SPECIAL RIGHTS OF EACH CLASS OF STOCK OF THE CORPORATION AND THE QUALIFICATIONS, LIMITATIONS OR RESTRICTIONS OF SUCH PREFERENCES AND RIGHTS, AND THE VARIATIONS IN RIGHTS, PREFERENCES AND LIMITATIONS DETERMINED FOR EACH SERIES, WHICH ARE FIXED BY THE CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION OF THE CORPORATION, AS AMENDED, AND THE RESOLUTIONS OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CORPORATION, AND THE AUTHORITY OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS TO DETERMINE VARIATIONS FOR FUTURE SERIES.  SUCH REQUEST MAY BE MADE TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY OF THE CORPORATION OR TO THE TRANSFER AGENT.  THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS MAY REQUIRE THE OWNER OF A LOST OR DESTROYED STOCK CERTIFICATE, OR HIS LEGAL REPRESENTATIVES, TO GIVE THE CORPORATION A BOND TO INDEMNIFY IT AND ITS TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR AGAINST ANY CLAIM THAT MAY BE MADE AGAINST THEM ON ACCOUNT OF THE ALLEGED LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF ANY SUCH CERTIFICATE.

The following abbreviations, when used in the inscription on the face of this certificate, shall be construed as though they were written out in full according to applicable laws or regulations:
TEN COM – as tenants in common
TEN ENT – as tenants by the entireties
JT TEN – as joint tenants with right of survivorship and not as tenants in common
UNIF GIFT MIN ACT -- __(Cust)___ Custodian __(Minor)___ under Uniform Gifts to Minors Act __ (State)___
 
Additional abbreviations may also be used through not in the above list.

FOR VALUE RECEIVED ____________________________ HEREBY SELL, ASSIGN AND TRANSFER UNTO ____________________________ SHARES OF THE COMMON STOCK REPRESENTED BY THE WITHIN CERTIFICATE AND DO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY CONSTITUTE AND APPOINT ___________________________________ ATTORNEY TO TRANSFER THE SAID STOCK ON THE BOOKS OF THE WITHIN-NAMED CORPORATION WITH FULL POWER OF SUBSTITUTION IN THE PREMISES.

DATED ___________________, 20___

 
______________________________________________
 
Stockholder
NOTICE:  THE SIGNATURE OF THIS ASSIGNMENT MUST CORRESPOND WITH THE NAME AS WRITTEN UPON THE FACE OF THIS CERTIFICATE, IN EVERY PARTICULAR, WITHOUT ALTERATION OR ENLARGEMENT, OR ANY CHANGE WHATSOEVER.
SIGNATURE(S) GUARANTEED:
 
______________________________________________
 
THE SIGNATURE(S) MUST BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM), PURSUANT TO SEC RULE 17Ad-15.
 

 
 

Exhibit 5.1
 
April 11, 2013
 
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
5610 Dry Creek Road
Healdsburg, CA 95448

 
Re:
Truett-Hurst, Inc. — Registration Statement on Form S-1
 
Ladies and Gentlemen:
 
This opinion is furnished to you in connection with the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration Statement No. 333-187164) (the “ Registration Statement ”) filed by Truett-Hurst, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), of 2,902,557 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, $0.001 par value per share (the “ Shares ”), of which 2,250,000 shares will be issued and sold by the Company and 652,557 shares will be sold by certain selling stockholders (the “ Selling Stockholders ”).  This opinion is being rendered in connection with the offering and sale by the Company and the Selling Stockholders of the Shares pursuant to the placement agency agreement to be entered into by the Company, the Selling Stockholders and the several Placement Agents named in therein, acting through WR Hambrecht + Co, LLC as their Representative.  The Shares will be sold by the Company and the Selling Stockholders in the manner described in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus forming a part thereof.
 
In connection with this opinion, we have examined such corporate records, documents, instruments, certificates of public officials and of the Company and the Selling Stockholders and such questions of law as we have deemed necessary for the purpose of rendering the opinions set forth herein.
 
In such examination, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures and the authenticity of all items submitted to us as originals and the conformity with originals of all items submitted to us as copies.
 
 
 

 
Truett-Hurst, Inc.
April 11, 2013
Page Two
 
 
Based on the foregoing, we are of the opinion that upon the effectiveness of the Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, the Shares to be issued by the Company have been duly authorized, and, when the Shares are issued and fully paid for in accordance with the terms of the Placement Agency Agreement, will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable, and the Shares to be sold by the Selling Stockholders will be validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable upon the issuance of such Shares in accordance with the terms of an exchange agreement to be entered into by the Company and the holders of LLC Units (as defined therein), pursuant to which such shares are to be issued prior to the completion of the offering.
 
Please note that we are opining only as to the matters expressly set forth herein, that no opinion should be inferred as to any other matter.  We are opining herein as to the Delaware General Corporation Law as in effect on the date hereof, and we express no opinion with respect to any other laws, rules or regulations.  This opinion is based upon currently existing laws, rules, regulations and judicial decisions, and we disclaim any obligation to advise you of any change in any of these sources of law or subsequent legal or factual developments which might affect any matters or opinions set forth herein.
 
We hereby consent to the reference to our firm under the caption “Legal Matters” in the Prospectus and to the filing of this opinion as Exhibit 5.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement.  In giving such consent, we do not hereby admit that we are acting within the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules or regulations of the Commission thereunder.
 
Very truly yours,
 
/s/ Morrison & Foerster LLP
 
Morrison & Foerster LLP