ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
In this section, we review the consolidated financial condition of CNO and its consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 and, where appropriate, factors that may affect future financial performance. Please read this discussion in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included in this Form 10-K.
OVERVIEW
We are a holding company for a group of insurance companies operating throughout the United States that develop, market and administer health insurance, annuity, individual life insurance and other insurance products. We focus on serving the senior and middle-income markets, which we believe are attractive, underserved, high growth markets. We sell our products through exclusive agents, independent producers (some of whom sell one or more of our product lines exclusively) and direct marketing.
Prior to 2020, the Company managed its business through the following operating segments: Bankers Life, Washington National and Colonial Penn, which were defined on the basis of product distribution; long-term care in run-off; and corporate operations, comprised of holding company activities and certain noninsurance company businesses.
In January 2020, we announced a new operating model that changes how we view our operating segments. Instead of the operating business segments described above, we view our operations as three insurance product lines (annuity, health and life) and the investment and fee revenue segments. The new structure creates a leaner, more integrated, customer-centric organization that better positions us for long-term success and shareholder value creation. Our new segments are aligned based on their common characteristics, comparability of profit margins and the way management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. We began reporting under the new segment structure in the first quarter of 2020. Prior period results have been reclassified to conform to the new reporting structure.
Our insurance product line segments (including annuity, health and life) include marketing, underwriting and administration of the policies our insurance subsidiaries sell. Under our new operating model, the business written in each of the three product categories through all of our insurance subsidiaries is aggregated allowing management and investors to assess the performance of each product category. When analyzing profitability of these segments, we use insurance product margin as the measure of profitability, which is: (i) insurance policy income; and (ii) net investment income allocated to the insurance product lines; less (i) insurance policy benefits and interest credited to policyholders; and (ii) amortization, non-deferred commissions and advertising expense. Net investment income is allocated to the product lines using the book yield of investments backing the block of business, which is applied to the average insurance liabilities, net of insurance intangibles, for the block in each period.
Income from insurance products is the sum of the insurance margins of the annuity, health and life product lines, less expenses allocated to the insurance lines. It excludes the income from our fee income business, investment income not allocated to product lines, net expenses not allocated to product lines (primarily holding company expenses) and income taxes. Management believes insurance product margin and income from insurance products help provide a better understanding of the business and a more meaningful analysis of the results of our insurance product lines.
Under our new structure, we market our insurance products through the Consumer and Worksite Divisions that reflect the customers served by the Company.
The Consumer Division serves individual consumers, engaging with them on the phone, online, face-to-face with agents, or through a combination of sales channels. This structure unifies consumer capabilities into a single division and integrates the strength of our agent sales forces and industry-leading direct-to-consumer business with proven experience in advertising, web/digital and call center support.
The Worksite Division focuses on worksite and group sales for businesses, associations, and other membership groups, interacting with customers at their place of employment. By creating a dedicated Worksite Division, we are bringing a sharper focus to this high-growth business while further capitalizing on the strength of our recent acquisitions of WBD and DirectPath. Sales in the Worksite Division have been particularly adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic given the challenges of interacting with customers at their place of employment.
The Consumer and Worksite Divisions are primarily focused on marketing insurance products, several types of which are sold in both divisions and underwritten in the same manner. Sales of group underwritten policies are currently not significant, but are expected to increase within the Worksite Division.
We have also centralized certain functional areas previously housed in the three business segments, including marketing, business unit finance, sales training and support, and agent recruiting, among others. All policy, contract, and certificate terms, conditions, and benefits remain unchanged.
The investment segment involves the management of our capital resources, including investments and the management of corporate debt and liquidity. Our measure of profitability of this segment is the total net investment income not allocated to the insurance products. Investment income not allocated to product lines represents net investment income less: (i) equity returns credited to policyholder account balances; (ii) the investment income allocated to our product lines; (iii) interest expense on notes payable and investment borrowings; and (iv) certain expenses related to benefit plans that are offset by special-purpose investment income. Investment income not allocated to product lines includes investment income on investments in excess of average insurance liabilities, investments held by our holding companies, the spread we earn from the FHLB investment borrowing program and variable components of investment income (including call and prepayment income, adjustments to returns on structured securities due to cash flow changes, income (loss) from Company-owned life insurance ("COLI") and alternative investment income not allocated to product lines), net of interest expense on corporate debt.
Our fee and other revenue segment includes the earnings generated from sales of third-party insurance products, services provided by WBD (our wholly owned on-line benefit administration firm) and the operations of our broker-dealer and registered investment advisor.
Expenses not allocated to product lines include the expenses of our corporate operations, excluding interest expense on debt.
The following summarizes our earnings for the three years ending December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions, except per share data):
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2020
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2019
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2018
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Insurance product margin
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Annuity margin
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$
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296.7
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$
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230.1
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$
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213.6
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Health margin
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459.8
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|
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362.9
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351.1
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Life margin
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165.0
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196.1
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204.4
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Total insurance product margin
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921.5
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789.1
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769.1
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Allocated expenses
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(557.7)
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|
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(543.0)
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(521.2)
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Income from insurance products
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363.8
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|
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246.1
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|
|
247.9
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Ceded long-term care block
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—
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—
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19.5
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Fee income
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16.7
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23.5
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10.4
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Investment income not allocated to product lines
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167.1
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152.1
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183.7
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Expenses not allocated to product lines
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(83.8)
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(53.4)
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(80.3)
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Operating earnings before taxes
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463.8
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368.3
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381.2
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Income tax expense on operating income
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(101.5)
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(78.3)
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(78.1)
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Net operating income (a)
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362.3
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290.0
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303.1
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Net realized investment gains (losses) from sales, impairments and change in allowance for credit losses (net of related amortization)
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(31.1)
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2.1
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37.9
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Net change in market value of investments recognized in earnings
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(2.7)
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25.5
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(48.8)
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Fair value changes related to agent deferred compensation plan
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(16.3)
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(20.4)
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11.9
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Fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities (net of related amortization)
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(79.1)
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(81.4)
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55.5
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Loss related to reinsurance transaction
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—
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—
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(704.2)
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Loss on extinguishment of debt
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—
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(7.3)
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—
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Other
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9.7
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(12.6)
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1.7
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Non-operating income (loss) before taxes
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(119.5)
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(94.1)
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(646.0)
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Income tax expense (benefit):
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On non-operating income (loss)
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(25.0)
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(19.8)
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(135.7)
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Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and other tax items
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(34.0)
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(193.7)
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107.8
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Net non-operating income (loss)
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(60.5)
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119.4
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(618.1)
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Net income (loss)
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301.8
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409.4
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(315.0)
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Per diluted share:
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Net operating income
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$
|
2.53
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|
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$
|
1.85
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|
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$
|
1.83
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Net non-operating income (loss)
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(.42)
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|
.76
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(3.73)
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Net income (loss)
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$
|
2.11
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|
|
$
|
2.61
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$
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(1.90)
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____________
(a)Management believes that an analysis of net operating income provides a clearer comparison of the operating results of the Company from period to period because it excludes: (i) loss related to reinsurance transaction, including impact of taxes; (ii) net realized investment gains or losses from sales, impairments and change in allowance for credit losses, net of related amortization and taxes; (iii) net change in market value of investments recognized in earnings, net of taxes; (iv) fair value changes due to fluctuations in the interest rates used to discount embedded derivative liabilities related to our fixed index annuities, net of related amortization and taxes; (v) fair value changes related to the agent deferred compensation plan, net of taxes; (vi) loss on extinguishment of debt; (vii) changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and other tax items; and (viii) other non-operating items consisting primarily of earnings attributable to VIEs ("net operating income"). The table above reconciles the non-GAAP measure to the corresponding GAAP measure.
In addition, management uses these non-GAAP financial measures in its budgeting process, financial analysis of segment performance and in assessing the allocation of resources. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures enhance an investor’s understanding of our financial performance and allows them to make more informed judgments about the Company as a whole. These measures also highlight operating trends that might not otherwise be apparent. However, net operating income is not a measurement of financial performance under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flow from operating activities, as measures of liquidity, or as an alternative to net income as measures of our operating performance or any other measures of performance derived in accordance with GAAP. In addition, net operating income should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual or non-recurring items. Net operating income has limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider such measure either in isolation or as a substitute for analyzing our results as reported under GAAP. Our definition and calculation of net operating income are not necessarily comparable to other similarly titled measures used by other companies due to different methods of calculation.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of various assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management has made estimates in the past that we believed to be appropriate but were subsequently revised to reflect actual experience. If our future experience differs materially from these estimates and assumptions, our results of operations and financial condition could be materially affected.
We base our estimates on historical experience and other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. We continually evaluate the information used to make these estimates as our business and the economic environment change. The use of estimates is pervasive throughout our financial statements. The accounting policies and estimates we consider most critical are summarized below. Additional information on our accounting policies is included in the note to our consolidated financial statements entitled "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies".
Investment Valuation
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and, therefore, represents an exit price, not an entry price. We carry certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including fixed maturities, equity securities, trading securities, investments held by VIEs, derivatives, separate account assets and embedded derivatives related to fixed index annuity products. We carry our COLI, which is invested in a series of mutual funds, at its cash surrender value which approximates fair value. In addition, we disclose fair value for certain financial instruments, including mortgage loans, policy loans, cash and cash equivalents, insurance liabilities for interest-sensitive products, investment borrowings, notes payable and borrowings related to VIEs.
The degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments is largely dependent on the level to which pricing is based on observable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our view of market assumptions in the absence of observable market information. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices would be considered to have fair values based on the highest level of observable inputs, and little judgment would be utilized in measuring fair value. Financial instruments that rarely trade would often have fair value based on a lower level of observable inputs, and more judgment would be utilized in measuring fair value. We categorize our financial instruments carried at fair value into a three-level hierarchy based on the observability of inputs.
The three-level hierarchy for fair value measurements is described in the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Fair Value Measurements."
The following summarizes our investments on our consolidated balance sheet carried at fair value by pricing source and fair value hierarchy level as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
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Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
(Level 1)
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Significant observable inputs
(Level 2)
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Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
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Total fair value
|
Priced by third-party pricing services
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$
|
104.6
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|
|
$
|
24,684.3
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|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
24,788.9
|
|
Priced by independent broker quotations
|
|
—
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|
|
149.7
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|
|
157.5
|
|
|
307.2
|
|
Priced by matrices
|
|
—
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|
|
5.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5.8
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|
Priced by other methods (a)
|
|
—
|
|
|
16.0
|
|
|
55.0
|
|
|
71.0
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Total
|
|
$
|
104.6
|
|
|
$
|
24,855.8
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|
|
$
|
212.5
|
|
|
$
|
25,172.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Percent of total
|
|
.4
|
%
|
|
98.7
|
%
|
|
.9
|
%
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
_______________
(a) Represents primarily securities benchmarked to comparable securities to compute fair value.
Effective January 1, 2020, when an available for sale fixed maturity security's fair value is below the amortized cost, the security is considered impaired. If a portion of the decline is due to credit-related factors, we separate the credit loss component of the impairment from the amount related to all other factors. The credit loss component is recorded as an allowance and reported in net realized investment gains (losses) (limited to the difference between estimated fair value and amortized cost). The impairment related to all other factors (non-credit factors) is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income along with unrealized gains related to fixed maturity investments, available for sale, net of tax and related adjustments. The allowance is adjusted for any additional credit losses and subsequent recoveries. When recognizing an allowance associated with a credit loss, the cost basis is not adjusted. When we determine a security is uncollectable, the remaining amortized cost will be written off.
In determining the credit loss component, we discount the estimated cash flows on a security by security basis. We consider the impact of macroeconomic conditions on inputs used to measure the amount of credit loss. For most structured securities, cash flow estimates are based on bond-specific facts and circumstances that may include collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity, prepayment speeds and structural support, including overcollateralization, excess spread, subordination and guarantees. For corporate bonds, cash flow estimates are derived by considering asset type, rating, time to maturity, and applying an expected loss rate.
If we intend to sell an impaired fixed maturity security, available for sale, or identify an impaired fixed maturity security, available for sale, for which is it more likely than not we will be required to sell before anticipated recovery, the difference between the fair value and the amortized cost is included in net realized investment gains (losses) and the fair value becomes the new amortized cost. The new cost basis is not adjusted for any subsequent recoveries in fair value.
Prior to January 1, 2020, we regularly evaluated all of our investments with unrealized losses for possible impairment. Our assessment of whether unrealized losses were "other than temporary" required significant judgment. Factors considered included: (i) the extent to which fair value was less than the cost basis; (ii) the length of time that the fair value had been less than cost; (iii) whether the unrealized loss was event driven, credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates or risk premium; (iv) the near-term prospects for specific events, developments or circumstances likely to affect the value of the investment; (v) the investment's rating and whether the investment was investment-grade and/or had been downgraded since its purchase; (vi) whether the issuer was current on all payments in accordance with the contractual terms of the investment and was expected to meet all of its obligations under the terms of the investment; (vii) whether we intend to sell the investment or it was more likely than not that circumstances would require us to sell the investment before recovery occurs; (viii) the underlying current and prospective asset and enterprise values of the issuer and the extent to which the recoverability of the carrying value of our investment would be affected by changes in such values; (ix) projections of, and unfavorable changes in, cash flows on structured securities including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities; (x) our best estimate of the value of any collateral; and (xi) other objective and subjective factors.
The manner in which impairment losses on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, were recognized in the financial statements was dependent on the facts and circumstances related to the specific security. If we intended to sell a security or it was more likely than not that we would be required to sell a security before the recovery of its amortized cost, the security was other-than-temporarily impaired and the full amount of the impairment was recognized as a loss through earnings. If we did not expect to recover the amortized cost basis, we did not plan to sell the security, and if it was not more likely than not that we would be required to sell a security before the recovery of its amortized cost, less any current period credit loss, the recognition of the other-than-temporary impairment was bifurcated. We recognized the credit loss portion in net income and the noncredit loss portion in accumulated other comprehensive income.
We estimated the amount of the credit loss component of a fixed maturity security impairment as the difference between amortized cost and the present value of the expected cash flows of the security. The present value was determined using the best estimate of future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit to the security at the date of purchase or the current yield to accrete an asset-backed or floating-rate security. The methodology and assumptions for establishing the best estimate of future cash flows varied depending on the type of security.
For most structured securities, cash flow estimates were based on bond-specific facts and circumstances that included collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity, prepayment speeds and structural support, including overcollateralization, excess spread, subordination and guarantees. For corporate bonds, cash flow estimates were derived from scenario-based outcomes of expected corporate restructurings or the disposition of assets using bond-specific facts and circumstances. The previous amortized cost basis less the impairment recognized in net income became the security's new cost basis. We accreted the new cost basis to the estimated future cash flows over the expected remaining life of the security, except when the security was in default or considered nonperforming.
The remaining noncredit impairment, which was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, was the difference between the security's estimated fair value and our best estimate of future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate prior to impairment. The remaining noncredit impairment typically represented changes in the market interest rates, current market liquidity and risk premiums.
Below-investment grade corporate debt securities typically have different characteristics than investment grade corporate debt securities. Based on historical performance, probability of default by the borrower is significantly greater for below-investment grade corporate debt securities and in many cases severity of loss was relatively greater as such securities were generally unsecured and often subordinated to other indebtedness of the issuer. Also, issuers of below-investment grade corporate debt securities frequently had higher levels of debt relative to investment-grade issuers, hence, all other things being equal, were generally more sensitive to adverse economic conditions. The Company attempted to reduce the overall risk related to its investment in below-investment grade securities, as in all investments, through careful credit analysis, strict investment policy guidelines, and diversification by issuer and/or guarantor and by industry.
Future events may occur, or additional information may become available, which may necessitate future realized losses in our portfolio. Significant losses could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements in future periods.
For more information on our investment portfolio and our critical accounting policies related to investments, see the note to our consolidated financial statements entitled "Investments".
Present Value of Future Profits and Deferred Acquisition Costs
In conjunction with the implementation of fresh start accounting, we eliminated the historical balances of our Predecessor's deferred acquisition costs and the present value of future profits and replaced them with the present value of future profits as calculated on the Effective Date.
The value assigned to the right to receive future cash flows from contracts existing at the Effective Date is referred to as the present value of future profits. The balance of this account is amortized, evaluated for recovery, and adjusted for the impact of unrealized gains (losses) in the same manner as the deferred acquisition costs described below. We expect to amortize the balance of the present value of future profits as of December 31, 2020 as follows: 10 percent in 2021, 9 percent in 2022, 8 percent in 2023, 7 percent in 2024 and 6 percent in 2025.
Deferred acquisition costs represent incremental direct costs related to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. For interest-sensitive life or annuity products, we amortize these costs in relation to the estimated gross profits using the interest rate credited to the underlying policies. For other products, we generally amortize these costs in relation to future anticipated premium revenue using the projected investment earnings rate.
Insurance acquisition costs are amortized to expense over the lives of the underlying policies in relation to future anticipated premiums or gross profits. The insurance acquisition costs for policies other than interest-sensitive life and annuity products are amortized with interest (using the projected investment earnings rate) over the estimated premium-paying period of the policies, in a manner which recognizes amortization expense in proportion to each year's premium income. The insurance acquisition costs for interest-sensitive life and annuity products are amortized with interest (using the interest rate credited to the underlying policy) in proportion to estimated gross profits. The interest, mortality, morbidity and persistency assumptions used to amortize insurance acquisition costs are consistent with those assumptions used to estimate liabilities for insurance products. For interest-sensitive life and annuity products, these assumptions are reviewed on a regular basis. When actual profits or our current best estimates of future profits are different from previous estimates, we adjust cumulative amortization of insurance acquisition costs to maintain amortization expense as a constant percentage of gross profits over the entire life of the policies.
When we realize a gain or loss on investments backing our interest-sensitive life or annuity products, we adjust the amortization of insurance acquisition costs to reflect the change in estimated gross profits from the products due to the gain or loss realized and the effect on future investment yields. We increased (decreased) amortization expense for such changes by $(2.4) million, $.6 million and $(.4) million during the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We also adjust insurance acquisition costs for the change in amortization that would have been recorded if fixed maturity securities, available for sale, had been sold at their stated aggregate fair value and the proceeds reinvested at current yields. Such adjustments are commonly referred to as "shadow adjustments" and may include adjustments to: (i) deferred acquisition costs; (ii) the present value of future profits; (iii) loss recognition reserves; and (iv) income taxes. We include the impact of this adjustment in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders' equity. The total pre-tax impact of such adjustments on accumulated other comprehensive income was a decrease of $665.7 million at December 31, 2020 (including $339.5 million for premium deficiencies that would exist on certain blocks of business if unrealized gains on the assets backing such products had been realized and the proceeds from our sales of such assets were invested at then current yields). The total pre-tax impact of such adjustments on accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2019 was a decrease of $343.3 million (including $135.5 million for premium deficiencies that would exist on certain blocks of business if unrealized gains on the assets backing such products had been realized and the proceeds from our sales of such assets were invested at then current yields).
At December 31, 2020, the balance of insurance acquisition costs was $1.3 billion. The recoverability of this amount is dependent on the future profitability of the related business. Each year, we evaluate the recoverability of the unamortized balance of insurance acquisition costs. These evaluations are performed to determine whether estimates of the present value of future cash flows, in combination with the related liability for insurance products, will support the unamortized balance. These future cash flows are based on our best estimate of future premium income, less benefits and expenses. The present value of these cash flows, plus the related balance of liabilities for insurance products, is then compared with the unamortized balance of insurance acquisition costs. In the event of a deficiency, such amount would be charged to amortization expense. If the deficiency exceeds the balance of insurance acquisition costs, a premium deficiency reserve is established for the excess. The determination of future cash flows involves significant judgment. Revisions to the assumptions which determine such cash flows could have a significant adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.
The table presented below summarizes our estimates of cumulative adjustments to insurance acquisition costs or premium deficiency reserves (when the deficiency exceeds the balance of insurance acquisition costs) resulting from hypothetical revisions to certain assumptions. Although such hypothetical revisions are not currently required or anticipated, we believe they could occur based on past variances in experience and our expectations of the ranges of future experience that could reasonably occur. We have assumed that revisions to assumptions resulting in the adjustments summarized below would occur equally among policy types, ages and durations within each product classification. Any actual adjustment would be dependent on the specific policies affected and, therefore, may differ from the estimates summarized below. In addition, the impact of actual adjustments would reflect the net effect of all changes in assumptions during the period.
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Change in assumptions
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Estimated adjustment to income before income taxes based on revisions to certain assumptions
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(dollars in millions)
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Interest-sensitive life products:
|
|
|
5% increase to assumed mortality
|
|
$
|
(24)
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|
5% decrease to assumed mortality
|
|
25
|
|
15% increase to assumed expenses
|
|
(10)
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|
15% decrease to assumed expenses
|
|
10
|
|
10 basis point decrease to assumed spread
|
|
(7)
|
|
10 basis point increase to assumed spread
|
|
7
|
|
20% increase to assumed lapses
|
|
(14)
|
|
20% decrease to assumed lapses
|
|
16
|
|
Fixed index and fixed interest annuity products:
|
|
|
20% increase to assumed surrenders
|
|
(46)
|
|
20% decrease to assumed surrenders
|
|
53
|
|
15% increase to assumed expenses
|
|
(8)
|
|
15% decrease to assumed expenses
|
|
8
|
|
10 basis point decrease to assumed spread
|
|
(58)
|
|
10 basis point increase to assumed spread
|
|
41
|
|
Other than interest-sensitive life and annuity products (a):
|
|
|
Level new money rates for investment earnings rate
|
|
(13)
|
|
__________________
(a)We have excluded the effect of reasonably likely changes in lapse, surrender and expense assumptions for policies other than interest-sensitive life and annuity products.
The following hypothetical scenarios illustrate the sensitivity of changes in interest rates to our products based on our 2020 comprehensive actuarial review (including the impacts of the changes on insurance acquisition costs, premium deficiency reserves and the valuation of the embedded derivatives related to our fixed index products):
•The first hypothetical scenario assumes immediate and permanent reductions to current interest rate spreads on interest-sensitive products. We estimate that a pre-tax charge of approximately $25 million would occur if we increased credited rates related to our interest-sensitive life and annuity products immediately and permanently by 10 basis points due to an increase in the rate credited to account values (or an equivalent increase to the amount allocated to the cost of options for our fixed index annuity products) with no change to assumed earned rates.
•The second scenario assumes that new money rates decrease to an overall average of 3.00 percent immediately and remain at that level indefinitely on non-interest sensitive products. We estimate that this scenario would not result in a pre-tax charge but would reduce future margins on non-interest sensitive products by approximately $205 million.
•The third scenario assumes that new money rates decrease to an overall average of 2.00 percent immediately and remain at that level indefinitely on non-interest sensitive products. We estimate that this scenario would result in a pre-tax charge of approximately $2 million on our life contingent payout annuity block and reduce the future margins on non-interest sensitive products by approximately $452 million.
Although the hypothetical revisions described in the scenarios summarized above are not currently required or anticipated, we believe similar changes could occur based on past variances in experience and our expectations of the ranges of future experience that could reasonably occur. We have assumed that revisions to assumptions resulting in such adjustments would occur equally among policy types, ages and durations within each product classification. Any actual adjustment would be dependent on the specific policies affected and, therefore, may differ from such estimates. In addition, the impact of actual adjustments would reflect the net effect of all changes in assumptions during the period.
The following summarizes the persistency of our major blocks of insurance business summarized by line of business:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Annuity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities (1)
|
85.1
|
%
|
|
82.5
|
%
|
|
83.1
|
%
|
Fixed interest annuities (1)
|
91.5
|
%
|
|
90.5
|
%
|
|
90.6
|
%
|
Other annuities (2)
|
94.1
|
%
|
|
97.0
|
%
|
|
96.3
|
%
|
Health:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental health (3)
|
88.7
|
%
|
|
88.7
|
%
|
|
89.1
|
%
|
Medicare supplement (3)
|
83.4
|
%
|
|
84.5
|
%
|
|
85.2
|
%
|
Long-term care (3)
|
91.5
|
%
|
|
90.7
|
%
|
|
90.8
|
%
|
Life:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Traditional life (3)
|
85.7
|
%
|
|
85.3
|
%
|
|
85.3
|
%
|
Interest-sensitive life (3)
|
88.7
|
%
|
|
86.2
|
%
|
|
86.9
|
%
|
_____________________
(1) Based on the total amount of death benefits, surrenders values and partial withdrawals divided by the average account value.
(2) Based on total reserves released at death divided by average account value.
(3) Based on number of inforce policies.
Liabilities for Insurance Products - reserves for the future payment of long-term care policy claims
We calculate and maintain reserves for the future payment of claims to our policyholders based on actuarial assumptions. For all our insurance products, we establish an active life reserve, a liability for due and unpaid claims, claims in the course of settlement and incurred but not reported claims. In addition, for our health insurance business, we establish a reserve for the present value of amounts not yet due on claims. Many factors can affect these reserves and liabilities, such as economic and social conditions, inflation, hospital and pharmaceutical costs, changes in doctrines of legal liability and extra-contractual damage awards. Therefore, our reserves and liabilities are necessarily based on numerous estimates and assumptions as well as historical experience. Establishing reserves is an uncertain process, and it is possible that actual claims will materially exceed our reserves and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. For example, our long-term care policy claims may be paid over a long period of time and, therefore, loss estimates have a higher degree of uncertainty.
The following summarizes the components of the reserves related to our long-term care business:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
Amounts classified as future policy benefits:
|
|
|
|
|
Active life reserves
|
|
$
|
3,935.2
|
|
|
$
|
3,876.9
|
|
Reserves for the present value of amounts not yet due on claims
|
|
1,351.1
|
|
|
1,461.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Premium deficiency reserves assuming net unrealized gains had been realized
|
|
169.5
|
|
|
75.5
|
|
Amounts classified as liability for policy and contract claims:
|
|
|
|
|
Liability for due and unpaid claims, claims in the course of settlement and incurred but not reported claims
|
|
219.3
|
|
|
217.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
|
5,675.1
|
|
|
5,632.0
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
|
3,074.0
|
|
|
3,087.6
|
|
Long-term care reserves, net of reinsurance receivables
|
|
$
|
2,601.1
|
|
|
$
|
2,544.4
|
|
The significant assumptions used to calculate the active life reserves include morbidity, persistency and investment yields. These assumptions are determined at the issuance date and do not change over the life of the policy.
The significant assumptions used to calculate the reserves for the present value of amounts not yet due on claims include future benefit payments, interest rates and claim continuance patterns. Interest rates are used to determine the present value of the future benefit payments and are based on the investment yield of assets supporting the reserves. Claim continuance assumptions are estimates of the expected period of time that claim payments will continue before termination due to recovery, death or attainment of policy maximum benefits. These estimates are based on historical claim experience for similar policy and coverage types. Our estimates of benefit payments, interest rates and claim continuance are reviewed regularly and updated to consider current portfolio investment yields and recent claims experience.
The significant assumptions used to calculate the liability for due and unpaid claims, claims in the course of settlement and incurred but not reported claims are based on historical claim payment patterns and include assumptions related to the number of claims and the size and timing of claim payments. These assumptions are updated quarterly to reflect the most current information regarding claim payment patterns. In order to determine the accuracy of our prior estimates, we calculate the total redundancy (deficiency) of our prior claim reserve estimates. The 2019 claim reserve redundancy for long-term care claim reserves, as measured at December 31, 2020, was approximately $56 million.
Estimates of unpaid losses related to long-term care business have a higher degree of uncertainty than estimates for our other products due to the range of ultimate duration of these claims and the resulting variability in their cost (in addition to the variations in the lag time in reporting claims). Our financial results depend significantly upon the extent to which our actual claims experience is consistent with the assumptions we used in determining our reserves and pricing our products. If our assumptions with respect to future claims are incorrect, and our reserves are insufficient to cover our actual losses and expenses, we would be required to increase our liabilities, which would negatively affect our operating results.
Income Taxes
Our income tax expense includes deferred income taxes arising from temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and NOLs. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or paid. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in earnings in the period when the changes are enacted.
A reduction of the net carrying amount of deferred tax assets by establishing a valuation allowance is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, all available evidence, both positive and negative, shall be considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. This assessment requires significant judgment and considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of carryforward periods, our experience with operating loss and tax credit carryforwards expiring unused, and tax planning strategies.
We evaluate the need to establish a valuation allowance for our deferred income tax assets on an ongoing basis using a deferred tax valuation model. Our model is adjusted to reflect changes in our projections of future taxable income including changes resulting from the Tax Reform Act, investment strategies, the impact of the sale or reinsurance of business, the recapture of business previously ceded, tax planning strategies and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our estimates of future taxable income are based on evidence we consider to be objectively verifiable. At December 31, 2020, our projection of future taxable income for purposes of determining the valuation allowance was based on our estimates of such future taxable income through the date our NOLs expire. Such estimates are subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which actual impacts differ from the assumptions used in our deferred tax valuation model. Based on our assessment, we have concluded that it is more likely than not that all our deferred tax assets of $109.4 million will be realized through future taxable earnings.
Recovery of our deferred tax asset is dependent on achieving the level of future taxable income projected in our deferred tax valuation model and failure to do so could result in an increase in the valuation allowance in a future period. Any future increase in the valuation allowance may result in additional income tax expense and reduce shareholders' equity, and such an increase could have a significant impact upon our earnings in the future.
The Code limits the extent to which losses realized by a non-life entity (or entities) may offset income from a life insurance company (or companies) to the lesser of: (i) 35 percent of the income of the life insurance company; or (ii) 35 percent of the total loss of the non-life entities (including NOLs of the non-life entities). There is no similar limitation on the extent to which losses realized by a life insurance entity (or entities) may offset income from a non-life entity (or entities).
We have $1.6 billion of federal NOLs as of December 31, 2020, as summarized below (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss
|
Year of expiration
|
|
carryforwards
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023
|
|
$
|
1,028.7
|
|
|
|
|
2025
|
|
85.2
|
|
2026
|
|
149.9
|
|
2027
|
|
10.8
|
|
2028
|
|
80.3
|
|
2029
|
|
213.2
|
|
2030
|
|
.3
|
|
2031
|
|
.2
|
|
2032
|
|
44.4
|
|
2033
|
|
.6
|
|
2034
|
|
.9
|
|
2035
|
|
.8
|
|
Total federal NOLs
|
|
$
|
1,615.3
|
|
Our life NOLs were fully utilized in 2020. Our non-life NOLs can be used to offset 35 percent of life insurance company taxable income and 100 percent of non-life company taxable income until all non-life NOLs are utilized or expire.
Liabilities for Insurance Products
At December 31, 2020, the total balance of our liabilities for insurance products was $25.1 billion. These liabilities are generally payable over an extended period of time and the profitability of the related products is dependent on the pricing of the products and other factors. Differences between our expectations when we sold these products and our actual experience could result in future losses.
We calculate and maintain reserves for the future payment of claims to our policyholders based on actuarial assumptions. For our insurance products, we establish an active life reserve, a liability for due and unpaid claims, claims in the course of settlement and incurred but not reported claims. In addition, for our health insurance business, we establish a reserve for the present value of amounts not yet due on claims. Many factors can affect these reserves and liabilities, such as economic and social conditions, inflation, hospital and pharmaceutical costs, changes in doctrines of legal liability and extra-contractual damage awards. We establish liabilities for annuity and interest-sensitive life products equal to the accumulated policy account values, which include an accumulation of deposit payments plus credited interest, less withdrawals and the amounts assessed against the policyholder through the end of the period. In addition, policyholder account values for certain interest-sensitive life products are impacted by our assumptions related to changes of certain NGEs that we are allowed to make under the terms of the policy, such as cost of insurance charges, expense loads, credited interest rates and policyholder bonuses. Therefore, our reserves and liabilities are necessarily based on numerous estimates and assumptions as well as historical experience. Establishing reserves is an uncertain process, and it is possible that actual claims will materially exceed our reserves and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Our financial results depend significantly upon the extent to which our actual claims experience is consistent with the assumptions we used in determining our reserves and pricing our products. If our assumptions with respect to future claims are incorrect, and our reserves are insufficient to cover our actual losses and expenses, we would be required to increase our liabilities, which would negatively affect our operating results. Liabilities for insurance products are calculated using management's best judgments, based on our past experience and standard actuarial tables, of mortality, morbidity, lapse rates, investment experience and expense levels.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following tables and narratives summarize the operating results of our segments (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Insurance product margin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
18.8
|
|
|
$
|
21.1
|
|
|
$
|
19.9
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
465.1
|
|
|
464.4
|
|
|
456.4
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
93.7
|
|
|
(12.8)
|
|
|
(37.1)
|
|
|
|
Interest credited
|
(170.6)
|
|
|
(166.9)
|
|
|
(156.5)
|
|
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(110.3)
|
|
|
(75.7)
|
|
|
(69.1)
|
|
|
|
Annuity margin
|
296.7
|
|
|
230.1
|
|
|
213.6
|
|
|
|
Health:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
1,699.5
|
|
|
1,701.6
|
|
|
1,699.6
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
282.3
|
|
|
279.9
|
|
|
271.8
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(1,329.7)
|
|
|
(1,424.9)
|
|
|
(1,434.6)
|
|
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(192.3)
|
|
|
(193.7)
|
|
|
(185.7)
|
|
|
|
Health margin
|
459.8
|
|
|
362.9
|
|
|
351.1
|
|
|
|
Life:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
793.0
|
|
|
758.1
|
|
|
740.9
|
|
|
|
Net investment income
|
139.6
|
|
|
138.3
|
|
|
135.4
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(570.0)
|
|
|
(513.6)
|
|
|
(497.2)
|
|
|
|
Interest credited
|
(44.5)
|
|
|
(41.9)
|
|
|
(40.5)
|
|
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(87.1)
|
|
|
(82.5)
|
|
|
(77.3)
|
|
|
|
Advertising expense
|
(66.0)
|
|
|
(62.3)
|
|
|
(56.9)
|
|
|
|
Life margin
|
165.0
|
|
|
196.1
|
|
|
204.4
|
|
|
|
Total insurance product margin
|
921.5
|
|
|
789.1
|
|
|
769.1
|
|
|
|
Allocated expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Branch office expenses
|
(65.0)
|
|
|
(75.8)
|
|
|
(75.3)
|
|
|
|
Other allocated expenses
|
(492.7)
|
|
|
(467.2)
|
|
|
(445.9)
|
|
|
|
Income from insurance products
|
363.8
|
|
|
246.1
|
|
|
247.9
|
|
|
|
Ceded long-term care block
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
19.5
|
|
|
|
Fee income
|
16.7
|
|
|
23.5
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
|
Investment income not allocated to product lines
|
167.1
|
|
|
152.1
|
|
|
183.7
|
|
|
|
Expenses not allocated to product lines
|
(83.8)
|
|
|
(53.4)
|
|
|
(80.3)
|
|
|
|
Operating earnings before taxes
|
463.8
|
|
|
368.3
|
|
|
381.2
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense on operating income
|
(101.5)
|
|
|
(78.3)
|
|
|
(78.1)
|
|
|
|
Net operating income
|
$
|
362.3
|
|
|
$
|
290.0
|
|
|
$
|
303.1
|
|
|
|
General: CNO is the top tier holding company for a group of insurance companies operating throughout the United States that develop, market and administer health insurance, annuity, individual life insurance and other insurance products. We view our operations by segments, which consist of insurance product lines. These products are distributed by our two divisions. The Consumer Division serves individual consumers, engaging with them on the phone, online, face-to-face with agents, or through a combination of sales channels. The Worksite Division focuses on worksite and group sales for businesses, associations, and other membership groups, interacting with customers at their place of employment.
Insurance product margin is management’s measure of the profitability of its annuity, health and life product lines’ performance and consists of premiums plus allocated investment income less insurance policy benefits, interest credited, commissions, advertising expense and amortization of acquisition costs. Income from insurance products is the sum of the insurance margins of the annuity, health and life product lines, less expenses allocated to the insurance lines. It excludes the income from our fee income business, investment income not allocated to product lines, net expenses not allocated to product lines (primarily holding company expenses) and income taxes. Management believes insurance product margin and income from insurance products help provide a better understanding of the business and a more meaningful analysis of the results of our insurance product lines.
Investment income is allocated to the product lines using the book yield of investments backing the block of business, which is applied to the average insurance liabilities, net of insurance intangibles, for the block in each period. Investment income not allocated to product lines represents net investment income less: (i) equity returns credited to policyholder account balances; (ii) the investment income allocated to our product lines; (iii) interest expense on notes payable and investment borrowings; and (iv) certain expenses related to benefit plans that are offset by special-purpose investment income. Investment income not allocated to product lines includes investment income on investments in excess of average insurance liabilities, investments held by our holding companies, the spread we earn from the FHLB investment borrowing program and variable components of investment income (including call and prepayment income, adjustments to returns on structured securities due to cash flow changes, income (loss) from COLI and alternative investment income not allocated to product lines), net of interest expense on corporate debt.
Management believes that an analysis of Net income applicable to common stock before: (i) loss related to reinsurance transaction, including impact of taxes; (ii) net realized investment gains (losses) from sales, impairments and change in allowance for credit losses, net of related amortization and taxes; (iii) net change in market value of investments recognized in earnings, net of taxes; (iv) fair value changes due to fluctuations in the interest rates used to discount embedded derivative liabilities related to our fixed index annuities, net of related amortization and taxes; (v) fair value changes related to the agent deferred compensation plan, net of taxes; (vi) loss on extinguishment of debt, net of taxes; (vii) changes in the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and other tax items; and (viii) other non-operating items consisting primarily of earnings attributable to VIEs, net of taxes (“Net operating income,” a non-GAAP financial measure) is important to evaluate the financial performance of the company, and is a key measure commonly used in the life insurance industry. Management uses this measure to evaluate performance because the items excluded from net operating income can be affected by events that are unrelated to the company's underlying fundamentals.
Changes in Actuarial Assumptions: We update the assumptions and experience underlying the expected gross margins for policies accounted for as investment contracts annually in the fourth quarter of each year. In addition, we also review and update our assumptions on a more frequent basis to the extent current conditions or circumstances warrant changes that could be significant to our operating results. The impacts of these unlocking exercises have had a significant impact on our earnings.
In the second quarter of 2020, our expectation regarding future new money interest rates changed and we performed an actuarial unlocking exercise to reflect our assumption that average new money rates would remain flat at 4 percent for the long-term. This change and the related impacts to persistency assumptions had a $45.6 million unfavorable impact on pre-tax earnings. As part of the actuarial unlocking exercise, we also changed our assumptions related to the future option costs we incur in providing benefits on fixed index annuities which had a favorable impact on pre-tax earnings of $91.5 million. These future option costs represent the estimated cost we will incur to purchase a series of annual forward options over the duration of the policy that back the potential return based on a percentage of the amount of increase in the value of the appropriate index. When interest rates decrease, we are permitted (subject to policy minimums) to decrease this benefit, lowering the option costs. The magnitude of the offsetting impacts of the change in new money rate and the change in future option costs had significantly different impacts on our results in 2020. These results are consistent with the different accounting requirements for insurance intangibles and the embedded derivatives related to the future option budgets for our fixed index annuity products.
The actuarial unlocking exercise completed in the second quarter of 2020 did not replace our comprehensive annual review of all assumptions for our insurance products, which we completed in the fourth quarter of 2020. In the fourth quarter of 2020, we updated various assumptions including, but not limited to, earned rates and persistency which favorably impacted our annuity margins by $16.1 million and unfavorably impacted our life margin by $4.3 million.
The following tables summarize the impacts of our unlocking exercises in the second and fourth quarters of 2020 and the annual unlocking exercises in 2019 and 2018 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance
|
|
Amortization
|
|
|
|
|
policy
|
|
of insurance
|
|
|
Line of business
|
|
benefits
|
|
intangibles
|
|
Total
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Second quarter unlocking:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impact of change in new money rate assumptions
|
|
$
|
(5.0)
|
|
|
$
|
(25.6)
|
|
|
$
|
(30.6)
|
|
Impact of change in future option costs
|
|
104.8
|
|
|
(13.3)
|
|
|
91.5
|
|
Total second quarter unlocking impacts
|
|
99.8
|
|
|
(38.9)
|
|
|
60.9
|
|
Fourth quarter annual unlocking impacts
|
|
24.5
|
|
|
(7.7)
|
|
|
16.8
|
|
Total unlocking impacts for fixed index annuities
|
|
124.3
|
|
|
(46.6)
|
|
|
77.7
|
|
Fixed interest annuities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Second quarter unlocking:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impact of change in new money rate assumptions
|
|
—
|
|
|
(9.4)
|
|
|
(9.4)
|
|
Fourth quarter annual unlocking impacts
|
|
—
|
|
|
(.7)
|
|
|
(.7)
|
|
Total unlocking impacts for fixed interest annuities
|
|
—
|
|
|
(10.1)
|
|
|
(10.1)
|
|
Interest-sensitive life:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Second quarter unlocking:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Impact of change in new money rate assumptions
|
|
(7.4)
|
|
|
1.8
|
|
|
(5.6)
|
|
Fourth quarter annual unlocking impacts
|
|
(1.8)
|
|
|
(2.5)
|
|
|
(4.3)
|
|
Total unlocking impacts for interest-sensitive life
|
|
(9.2)
|
|
|
(.7)
|
|
|
(9.9)
|
|
Favorable (unfavorable) impact on pre-tax operating income
|
|
$
|
115.1
|
|
|
$
|
(57.4)
|
|
|
$
|
57.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities
|
|
$
|
11.4
|
|
|
$
|
(5.5)
|
|
|
$
|
5.9
|
|
Fixed interest annuities
|
|
—
|
|
|
(6.2)
|
|
|
(6.2)
|
|
Interest-sensitive life
|
|
(11.4)
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
(9.7)
|
|
Favorable (unfavorable) impact on pre-tax operating income
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(10.0)
|
|
|
$
|
(10.0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities
|
|
$
|
6.4
|
|
|
$
|
(13.3)
|
|
|
$
|
(6.9)
|
|
Fixed interest annuities
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
Interest-sensitive life
|
|
(1.4)
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
Favorable (unfavorable) impact on pre-tax operating income
|
|
$
|
5.0
|
|
|
$
|
(5.9)
|
|
|
$
|
(.9)
|
|
Impact of COVID-19 on Insurance Product Margin: COVID-19 had a significant impact on our insurance product margin in 2020. Our life margin reflected approximately $38 million of adverse mortality related to increased deaths caused by COVID-19. Our health margin reflected a favorable COVID-19 impact of approximately $97 million driven by the deferral of heath care. The annuity margin reflected an unfavorable net COVID-19 impact of approximately $4 million, primarily reflecting higher persistency.
Summary of Operating Results: Net operating income was $362.3 million in 2020, compared to $290.0 million in 2019 and $303.1 million in 2018.
Insurance product margin for 2020, was significantly impacted by: (i) changes in our actuarial assumptions as further described above under the caption "Changes in Actuarial Assumptions"; and (ii) pandemic-related impacts including lower health claims reflecting the deferral of health care, net of higher mortality claims, as further described above under the caption "Impact of COVID-19 on Insurance Product Margin".
Allocated expenses were higher in 2020 and 2019 primarily due to investing in growth initiatives, higher costs associated with various compliance requirements and managing cybersecurity.
The fee income segment is summarized below (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Fee income
|
$
|
106.0
|
|
|
$
|
88.7
|
|
|
$
|
52.0
|
|
Distribution and commission expenses
|
89.3
|
|
65.2
|
|
41.6
|
Total
|
$
|
16.7
|
|
|
$
|
23.5
|
|
|
$
|
10.4
|
|
The higher fee income in 2020 and 2019, relative to 2018, primarily reflects changes in assumptions used to estimate revenues on the sales of third-party products, net of related distribution expenses. Fee income in 2020 also reflects additional expenses of $13.1 million related to an initiative to sell third-party Medicare Advantage policies through direct-to-consumer channels.
Investment income not allocated to product lines generally fluctuates with variable investment income including income (loss) on alternative investments and prepayment and call income.
Expenses not allocated to product lines were higher in 2020, due to a $23.5 million increase (recognized in the second quarter of 2020) in our liability for claims and interest pursuant to the Global Resolution Agreement as the third-party auditor has provided information that we have processed and verified allowing us to more accurately estimate the ultimate liability pursuant to the agreement. See the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Litigation and Other Legal Proceedings - Regulatory Examinations and Fines" for further information about the Global Resolution Agreement. In addition, expenses not allocated to product lines in 2020 included a $3.7 million charge related to asset impairments. Expenses not allocated to product lines in 2019 included a $20 million expense reduction related to the net favorable impact from legal and regulatory matters.
The following summarizes total allocated and unallocated expenses adjusted for the significant items summarized above (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Expenses allocated to product lines
|
$
|
557.7
|
|
|
$
|
543.0
|
|
|
$
|
521.2
|
|
Expenses not allocated to product lines
|
83.8
|
|
53.4
|
|
80.3
|
Total
|
641.5
|
|
|
596.4
|
|
|
601.5
|
|
Increase to liability for the Global Resolution Agreement
|
(23.5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Charge related to asset impairments
|
(3.7)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Net favorable impact from legal and regulatory matters
|
—
|
|
|
20.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
Adjusted total
|
$
|
614.3
|
|
|
$
|
616.4
|
|
|
$
|
601.5
|
|
Margin from Annuity Products (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Annuity margin:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
11.3
|
|
|
$
|
11.6
|
|
|
$
|
11.0
|
|
Net investment income
|
332.1
|
|
|
310.6
|
|
|
284.0
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
108.8
|
|
|
14.2
|
|
|
(10.4)
|
|
Interest credited
|
(110.1)
|
|
|
(99.8)
|
|
|
(81.2)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(91.3)
|
|
|
(57.2)
|
|
|
(58.1)
|
|
Margin from fixed index annuities
|
$
|
250.8
|
|
|
$
|
179.4
|
|
|
$
|
145.3
|
|
Average net insurance liabilities
|
$
|
7,123.4
|
|
|
$
|
6,480.3
|
|
|
$
|
5,731.2
|
|
Margin/average net insurance liabilities
|
3.52
|
%
|
|
2.77
|
%
|
|
2.54
|
%
|
Fixed interest annuities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
.9
|
|
|
$
|
1.5
|
|
|
$
|
2.2
|
|
Net investment income
|
105.6
|
|
|
123.2
|
|
|
140.1
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(.6)
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
(1.3)
|
|
Interest credited
|
(57.4)
|
|
|
(63.3)
|
|
|
(71.4)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(18.7)
|
|
|
(18.4)
|
|
|
(10.4)
|
|
Margin from fixed interest annuities
|
$
|
29.8
|
|
|
$
|
42.6
|
|
|
$
|
59.2
|
|
Average net insurance liabilities
|
$
|
2,069.1
|
|
|
$
|
2,305.7
|
|
|
$
|
2,623.4
|
|
Margin/average net insurance liabilities
|
1.44
|
%
|
|
1.85
|
%
|
|
2.26
|
%
|
Other annuities
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
6.6
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
|
6.7
|
|
Net investment income
|
27.4
|
|
|
30.6
|
|
|
32.3
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(14.5)
|
|
|
(26.6)
|
|
|
(25.4)
|
|
Interest credited
|
(3.1)
|
|
|
(3.8)
|
|
|
(3.9)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(.3)
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
Margin from other annuities
|
$
|
16.1
|
|
|
$
|
8.1
|
|
|
$
|
9.1
|
|
Average net insurance liabilities
|
$
|
531.7
|
|
|
$
|
571.2
|
|
|
$
|
591.7
|
|
Margin/average net insurance liabilities
|
3.03
|
%
|
|
1.42
|
%
|
|
1.54
|
%
|
Total annuity margin
|
$
|
296.7
|
|
|
$
|
230.1
|
|
|
$
|
213.6
|
|
Average net insurance liabilities
|
$
|
9,724.2
|
|
|
$
|
9,357.2
|
|
|
$
|
8,946.3
|
|
Margin/average net insurance liabilities
|
3.05
|
%
|
|
2.46
|
%
|
|
2.39
|
%
|
Margin from fixed index annuities was $250.8 million in 2020, compared to $179.4 million in 2019, and $145.3 million in 2018. The increase in margin in 2020 is primarily due to: (i) the favorable impact of actuarial assumption changes previously discussed; and (ii) growth in the block, net of (iii) decreases in margin due to lower yields on investments. Average net insurance liabilities (total insurance liabilities less: (i) amounts related to reinsured business; (ii) deferred acquisition costs; (iii) present value of future profits; and (iv) the value of unexpired options credited to insurance liabilities) were $7,123.4 million, $6,480.3 million and $5,731.2 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, driven by deposits and reinvested returns in excess of withdrawals. The increase in net insurance liabilities results in higher net investment income allocated, however, the earned yield was 4.66 percent in 2020, down from 4.79 percent in 2019, and 4.96 percent 2018, reflecting lower market yields and resulting in spread compression. In 2020, we experienced higher persistency in the fixed index annuity block. We believe such higher persistency was indirectly related to COVID-19 as policyholders continue to hold on to their current products due to lower yields on competing products and avoiding meeting with agents to discuss alternative products.
Net investment income and interest credited exclude the change in market values of the underlying options supporting the fixed index annuity products and corresponding offsetting amount credited to policyholder account balances. Such amounts were $32.3 million, $135.1 million and $(39.7) million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Margin from fixed interest annuities was $29.8 million in 2020, compared to $42.6 million in 2019, and $59.2 million in 2018. The decrease in margins in 2020 and 2019 is primarily due to: (i) the fluctuations resulting from actuarial assumption changes previously discussed; (ii) lower margins due to lower yields on investments; and (iii) a reduction in the size of the block. Average net insurance liabilities were $2,069.1 million, $2,305.7 million and $2,623.4 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, driven by withdrawals in excess of deposits and reinvested returns. The decrease in net insurance liabilities results in lower net investment income allocated. The earned yield was 5.10 percent in 2020, down from 5.34 percent in both 2019 and 2018, reflecting lower market yields.
Margin from other annuities in 2020 reflects favorable mortality compared to the prior years. We experienced higher than usual annuitant mortality related to contracts with life contingencies which resulted in a decrease in insurance liabilities and insurance policy benefits of $9.8 million in 2020.
Margin from Health Products (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Health margin:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental health
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
679.4
|
|
|
$
|
660.4
|
|
|
$
|
641.2
|
|
Net investment income
|
140.9
|
|
|
138.7
|
|
|
138.5
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(520.9)
|
|
|
(507.1)
|
|
|
(497.3)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(112.7)
|
|
|
(111.3)
|
|
|
(98.1)
|
|
Margin from supplemental health
|
$
|
186.7
|
|
|
$
|
180.7
|
|
|
$
|
184.3
|
|
Margin/insurance policy income
|
27
|
%
|
|
27
|
%
|
|
29
|
%
|
Medicare supplement
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
754.7
|
|
|
$
|
773.0
|
|
|
$
|
787.0
|
|
Net investment income
|
4.9
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
|
4.0
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(505.0)
|
|
|
(576.0)
|
|
|
(588.3)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(66.3)
|
|
|
(68.9)
|
|
|
(71.8)
|
|
Margin from Medicare supplement
|
$
|
188.3
|
|
|
$
|
132.5
|
|
|
$
|
130.9
|
|
Margin/insurance policy income
|
25
|
%
|
|
17
|
%
|
|
17
|
%
|
Long-term care margin
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
265.4
|
|
|
$
|
268.2
|
|
|
$
|
271.4
|
|
Net investment income
|
136.5
|
|
|
136.8
|
|
|
129.3
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(303.8)
|
|
|
(341.8)
|
|
|
(349.0)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(13.3)
|
|
|
(13.5)
|
|
|
(15.8)
|
|
Margin from long-term care
|
$
|
84.8
|
|
|
$
|
49.7
|
|
|
$
|
35.9
|
|
Margin/insurance policy income
|
32
|
%
|
|
19
|
%
|
|
13
|
%
|
Total health margin
|
$
|
459.8
|
|
|
$
|
362.9
|
|
|
$
|
351.1
|
|
Margin/insurance policy income
|
27
|
%
|
|
21
|
%
|
|
21
|
%
|
Margin from supplemental health business was $186.7 million in 2020, compared to $180.7 million in 2019, and $184.3 million in 2018. The margin as a percentage of insurance policy income was 27% in 2020, compared to 27% in 2019 and 29% in 2018. Insurance policy benefits in 2020 reflected better claims experience than expected which is attributable to policyholders deferring health care during the pandemic which is expected to normalize in future periods. This favorable impact was offset by higher than expected persistency which resulted in a lower release of reserves. Accordingly, we estimate that the supplemental health margin in 2020 was favorably impacted by approximately $11 million primarily driven by these items relative to our expectations and previous experience prior to COVID-19. Insurance policy income has increased due to new sales in recent periods.
Our supplemental health products (including specified disease, accident and hospital indemnity products) generally provide fixed or limited benefits. For example, payments under cancer insurance policies are generally made directly to, or at the direction of, the policyholder following diagnosis of, or treatment for, a covered type of cancer. Approximately three-fourths of our supplemental health policies inforce (based on policy count) are sold with return of premium or cash value riders. The return of premium rider generally provides that after a policy has been inforce for a specified number of years or upon the
policyholder reaching a specified age, we will pay to the policyholder, or a beneficiary under the policy, the aggregate amount of all premiums paid under the policy, without interest, less the aggregate amount of all claims incurred under the policy. The cash value rider is similar to the return of premium rider, but also provides for payment of a graded portion of the return of premium benefit if the policy terminates before the return of premium benefit is earned. Accordingly, the net cash flows from these products generally result in the accumulation of amounts in the early years of a policy (reflected in our earnings as reserve increases which is a component of insurance policy benefits) which will be paid out as benefits in later policy years (reflected in our earnings as reserve decreases which offset the recording of benefit payments). As the policies age, insurance policy benefits will typically increase, but the increase in benefits will be partially offset by investment income earned on the accumulated assets.
Margin from Medicare supplement business was $188.3 million in 2020, compared to $132.5 million in 2019, and $130.9 million in 2018. The increase in margin on the Medicare supplement business in 2020 reflects favorable claim experience. Such favorable claim experience in 2020 is attributable to policyholders deferring health care during the pandemic which is expected to normalize and may lead to higher claim costs in future periods. Based on actual claims incurred and persistency relative to our expectations and previous experience prior to COVID-19, we estimate that the Medicare supplement margin was favorably impacted by approximately $50 million in 2020. Insurance policy income was $754.7 million in 2020, compared to $773.0 million in 2019, and $787.0 million in 2018, reflecting lower sales in recent periods partially offset by premium rate increases.
Medicare supplement business consists of both individual and group policies. Government regulations generally require we attain and maintain a ratio of total benefits incurred to total premiums earned (excluding changes in policy benefits reserves which is a component of Insurance policy benefits) of not less than 65 percent on individual products and not less than 75 percent on group products. The ratio is determined after three years from the original issuance of the policy and over the lifetime of the policy and measured in accordance with statutory accounting principles. Since the insurance product liabilities we establish for Medicare supplement business are subject to significant estimates, the ultimate claim liability we incur for a particular period is likely to be different than our initial estimate. Changes to our estimates are reflected in Insurance policy benefits in the period the change is determined.
Margin from Long-term care products was $84.8 million in 2020, compared to $49.7 million in 2019, and $35.9 million in 2018. The margin as a percentage of insurance policy income increased to 32% in 2020, compared to 19% in 2019 and 13% in 2018. The margin in 2020 benefited from lower claims incurred attributable to policyholders deferring health care during the pandemic which is expected to normalize in future periods. In addition, an increase in policyholder deaths attributable to the pandemic resulted in higher than expected reserve releases. Based on actual claims incurred and persistency relative to our expectations and previous experience prior to COVID-19, we estimate that the long-term care margin was favorably impacted by approximately $36 million in 2020.
Margin from Life Products (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Life margin:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-sensitive life
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
158.8
|
|
|
$
|
148.6
|
|
|
$
|
139.2
|
|
Net investment income
|
47.4
|
|
|
46.7
|
|
|
45.5
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(76.1)
|
|
|
(67.6)
|
|
|
(55.7)
|
|
Interest credited
|
(43.8)
|
|
|
(41.1)
|
|
|
(39.7)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(28.2)
|
|
|
(25.8)
|
|
|
(22.0)
|
|
Margin from interest-sensitive life
|
$
|
58.1
|
|
|
$
|
60.8
|
|
|
$
|
67.3
|
|
Average net insurance liabilities
|
$
|
920.0
|
|
|
$
|
866.3
|
|
|
$
|
826.6
|
|
Interest margin
|
$
|
3.6
|
|
|
$
|
5.6
|
|
|
$
|
5.8
|
|
Interest margin/average net insurance liabilities
|
.39
|
%
|
|
.65
|
%
|
|
.70
|
%
|
Underwriting margin
|
$
|
54.5
|
|
|
$
|
55.2
|
|
|
$
|
61.5
|
|
Underwriting margin/insurance policy income
|
34
|
%
|
|
37
|
%
|
|
44
|
%
|
Traditional life
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
634.2
|
|
|
$
|
609.5
|
|
|
$
|
601.7
|
|
Net investment income
|
92.2
|
|
|
91.6
|
|
|
89.9
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
(493.9)
|
|
|
(446.0)
|
|
|
(441.5)
|
|
Interest credited
|
(.7)
|
|
|
(.8)
|
|
|
(.8)
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
(58.9)
|
|
|
(56.7)
|
|
|
(55.3)
|
|
Advertising expense
|
(66.0)
|
|
|
(62.3)
|
|
|
(56.9)
|
|
Margin from traditional life
|
$
|
106.9
|
|
|
$
|
135.3
|
|
|
$
|
137.1
|
|
Margin/insurance policy income
|
17
|
%
|
|
22
|
%
|
|
23
|
%
|
Margin excluding advertising expense/insurance policy income
|
27
|
%
|
|
32
|
%
|
|
32
|
%
|
Total life margin
|
$
|
165.0
|
|
|
$
|
196.1
|
|
|
$
|
204.4
|
|
Margin from interest-sensitive life business was $58.1 million in 2020, compared to $60.8 million in 2019, and $67.3 million in 2018. The decrease in margins in 2020 and 2019 is primarily due to: (i) the unfavorable impact of actuarial assumptions previously discussed; partially offset by (ii) growth in the block due to sales in recent periods. In addition, we estimate that the unfavorable impact from death claims related to COVID-19 on the margin of this block of business was approximately $9 million in 2020.
The interest margin was $3.6 million in 2020, compared to $5.6 million in 2019, and $5.8 million in 2018. Net investment income was comparable between years. The increase in average net insurance liabilities results in higher net investment income allocated, however, the decrease in earned yield has resulted in net investment income being relatively flat compared to prior years. The earned yield was 5.15 percent in 2020, down from 5.39 percent in 2019, and 5.52 percent 2018. Interest credited to policyholders may be changed annually but are subject to minimum guaranteed rates and, as a result, the reduction in our earned rate was not fully reflected in the rate credited to policyholders.
Net investment income and interest credited excludes the change in market values of the underlying options supporting the fixed index life products and corresponding offsetting amount credited to policyholder account balances. Such amounts were $5.5 million, $18.6 million and $(5.8) million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Margin from traditional life business was $106.9 million in 2020, compared to $135.3 million in 2019, and $137.1 million in 2018. Insurance policy income was $634.2 million in 2020, compared to $609.5 million in 2019, and $601.7 million in 2018, reflecting new sales and persistency in the block. Insurance policy benefits were $493.9 million in 2020, compared to $446.0 million in 2019, and $441.5 million in 2018. We estimate that the impact from death claims related to COVID-19 increased insurance policy benefits by approximately $29 million in 2020.
Allocated net investment income was comparable between years as the growth in the block was offset by lower average investment yields.
Advertising expense was $66.0 million in 2020, compared to $62.3 million in 2019, and $56.9 million in 2018. The demand and cost of television advertising can fluctuate from period to period. We are disciplined with our marketing expenditures and will increase or decrease our marketing spend depending on prices.
Investment Income Not Allocated to Product Lines (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net investment income
|
$
|
1,222.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,362.9
|
|
|
$
|
1,306.2
|
|
Amount allocated to the reinsured long-term care block prior to being ceded in the third quarter of 2018
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(138.5)
|
|
Adjusted net investment income
|
1,222.5
|
|
|
1,362.9
|
|
|
1,167.7
|
|
Allocated to product lines:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity
|
(465.1)
|
|
|
(464.4)
|
|
|
(456.4)
|
|
Health
|
(282.3)
|
|
|
(279.9)
|
|
|
(271.8)
|
|
Life
|
(139.6)
|
|
|
(138.3)
|
|
|
(135.4)
|
|
Equity returns credited to policyholder account balances
|
(37.8)
|
|
|
(153.7)
|
|
|
45.5
|
|
Amounts allocated to product lines and credited to policyholder account balances
|
(924.8)
|
|
|
(1,036.3)
|
|
|
(818.1)
|
|
Amount related to variable interest entities and other non-operating items
|
(39.2)
|
|
|
(61.6)
|
|
|
(71.9)
|
|
Interest expense on debt
|
(55.2)
|
|
|
(52.4)
|
|
|
(48.0)
|
|
Interest expense on investment borrowings
|
(21.2)
|
|
|
(46.2)
|
|
|
(41.9)
|
|
Less amounts credited to deferred compensation plans (offsetting investment income)
|
(15.0)
|
|
|
(14.3)
|
|
|
(4.1)
|
|
Total adjustments
|
(130.6)
|
|
|
(174.5)
|
|
|
(165.9)
|
|
Investment income not allocated to product lines
|
$
|
167.1
|
|
|
$
|
152.1
|
|
|
$
|
183.7
|
|
The above table reconciles net investment income to investment income not allocated to product lines. Such amount will fluctuate from period to period based on the level of prepayment income (including call premiums); the performance of our alternative investments (which are typically reported a quarter in arrears); and the earnings related to the investments underlying our COLI.
Net Non-Operating Income (Loss):
The following summarizes our net non-operating loss for the three years ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net realized investment gains (losses) from sales, impairments and change in allowance for credit losses (net of related amortization)
|
$
|
(31.1)
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
$
|
37.9
|
|
Net change in market value of investments recognized in earnings
|
(2.7)
|
|
|
25.5
|
|
|
(48.8)
|
|
Fair value changes related to agent deferred compensation plan
|
(16.3)
|
|
|
(20.4)
|
|
|
11.9
|
|
Fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities (net of related amortization)
|
(79.1)
|
|
|
(81.4)
|
|
|
55.5
|
|
Loss related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(704.2)
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
—
|
|
|
(7.3)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other
|
9.7
|
|
|
(12.6)
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
Net non-operating loss before taxes
|
$
|
(119.5)
|
|
|
$
|
(94.1)
|
|
|
$
|
(646.0)
|
|
Net realized investment losses, net of related amortization, were $31.1 million in 2020, including an increase in the allowance for credit losses and other-than-temporary impairment losses of $18.5 million. Net realized investment gains, net of related amortization, were $2.1 million in 2019, net of other-than-temporary impairment losses of $12.4 million. Net realized investment gains, net of related amortization, were $37.9 million in 2018, net of other-than-temporary impairment losses of $2.6 million.
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized an increase (decrease) in earnings of $(2.7) million, $25.5 million and $(48.8) million, respectively, due to the net change in market value of investments recognized in earnings.
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized an increase (decrease) in earnings of $(16.3) million, $(20.4) million and $11.9 million, respectively, for the mark-to-market change in the agent deferred compensation plan liability which was impacted by changes in the underlying actuarial assumptions used to value the liability. We recognize the mark-to-market change in the estimated value of this liability through earnings as assumptions change.
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, we recognized an increase (decrease) in earnings of $(79.1) million, $(81.4) million and $55.5 million, respectively, resulting from changes in the estimated fair value of embedded derivative liabilities related to our fixed index annuities, net of related amortization. Such amounts include the impacts of changes in market interest rates used to determine the derivative's estimated fair value. The discount rate is based on risk-free rates (U.S. Treasury rates for similar durations) adjusted for non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs. The significant decrease in U.S. Treasury rates in 2020 and 2019 was the primary factor in the change in estimated fair value of the embedded derivative liabilities.
Loss related to reinsurance transaction in 2018 resulted from ceding our legacy (prior to 2003) comprehensive and nursing home long-term care policies in September 2018 through 100% indemnity coinsurance. We recognized a pre-tax loss related to the reinsurance transaction of $704.2 million (net of realized gains on the transfer of assets related to the transaction of $363.4 million) as further described in the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Reinsurance".
Loss on extinguishment of debt in 2019 of $7.3 million consisted of: (i) a premium of $6.1 million due to the redemption of the 4.500% Senior Notes due May 2020 (the "2020 Notes"); and (ii) $1.2 million related to the write-off of unamortized issuance costs due to the redemption of the 2020 Notes.
Other non-operating items include earnings attributable to VIEs that we are required to consolidate, net of affiliated amounts. Such earnings are not indicative of, and are unrelated to, the Company's underlying fundamentals. Also, other non-operating items include the net revenue earned pursuant to a transition services agreement representing the difference between the fees we receive from Wilton Re and the overhead costs incurred to provide such services under the agreement in connection with the completion of a long-term care reinsurance transaction in September 2018. In addition, such non-operating items in 2019 include $15.9 million of one-time expenses associated with: (i) the new operating model announced in early January 2020 to create a more customer-centric structure and improve operating performance; and (ii) a new strategic technology partnership with two leading, global technology solutions providers for our application development, maintenance and testing functions as well as IT infrastructure and cybersecurity services.
PREMIUM COLLECTIONS
In accordance with GAAP, insurance policy income in our consolidated statement of operations consists of premiums earned for traditional insurance policies that have life contingencies or morbidity features. For annuity and interest-sensitive life contracts, premiums collected are not reported as revenues, but as deposits to insurance liabilities. We recognize revenues for these products over time in the form of investment income and surrender or other charges.
Agents, insurance brokers and marketing organizations who market our products and prospective purchasers of our products use the financial strength ratings of our insurance subsidiaries as an important factor in determining whether to market or purchase. Ratings have the most impact on our sales of supplemental health and life products to consumers at the worksite. The current financial strength ratings of our primary insurance subsidiaries from A.M. Best, Fitch, S&P and Moody's are "A-", "A-", "A-" and "A3", respectively. For a description of these ratings and additional information on our ratings, see "Consolidated Financial Condition - Financial Strength Ratings of our Insurance Subsidiaries."
We set premium rates on our health insurance policies based on facts and circumstances known at the time we issue the policies using assumptions about numerous variables, including the actuarial probability of a policyholder incurring a claim, the probable size of the claim, and the interest rate earned on our investment of premiums. We also consider historical claims information, industry statistics, the rates of our competitors and other factors. If our actual claims experience is less favorable than we anticipated and we are unable to raise our premium rates, our financial results may be adversely affected. We generally cannot raise our health insurance premiums in any state until we obtain the approval of the state insurance regulator. We review the adequacy of our premium rates regularly and file for rate increases on our products when we believe such rates are too low. It is likely that we will not be able to obtain approval for all requested premium rate increases. If such requests are denied in one or more states, our net income may decrease. If such requests are approved, increased premium rates may reduce the volume of our new sales and may cause existing policyholders to lapse their policies. If the healthier policyholders allow their policies to lapse, this would reduce our premium income and profitability in the future.
Total premium collections were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Premiums collected by product:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index (first-year)
|
$
|
1,121.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,241.2
|
|
|
$
|
1,112.1
|
|
Fixed index (renewal)
|
.4
|
|
|
.8
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
Subtotal - fixed index annuities
|
1,122.1
|
|
|
1,242.0
|
|
|
1,113.1
|
|
Fixed interest (first-year)
|
33.5
|
|
|
51.6
|
|
|
38.0
|
|
Fixed interest (renewal)
|
3.8
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
5.6
|
|
Subtotal - fixed interest annuities
|
37.3
|
|
|
56.9
|
|
|
43.6
|
|
Other annuities (first-year)
|
5.6
|
|
|
7.5
|
|
|
7.8
|
|
Total annuities
|
1,165.0
|
|
|
1,306.4
|
|
|
1,164.5
|
|
Health:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental health (first-year)
|
72.7
|
|
|
73.5
|
|
|
75.6
|
|
Supplemental health (renewal)
|
604.5
|
|
|
589.6
|
|
|
567.2
|
|
Subtotal – supplemental health
|
677.2
|
|
|
663.1
|
|
|
642.8
|
|
Medicare supplement (first-year)
|
54.2
|
|
|
60.2
|
|
|
61.9
|
|
Medicare supplement (renewal)
|
696.3
|
|
|
715.8
|
|
|
720.2
|
|
Subtotal - Medicare supplement
|
750.5
|
|
|
776.0
|
|
|
782.1
|
|
Long-term care (first-year)
|
18.3
|
|
|
18.9
|
|
|
15.6
|
|
Long-term care (renewal)
|
245.6
|
|
|
250.2
|
|
|
385.3
|
|
Subtotal - long-term care
|
263.9
|
|
|
269.1
|
|
|
400.9
|
|
Total health
|
1,691.6
|
|
|
1,708.2
|
|
|
1,825.8
|
|
Life insurance:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest-sensitive (first-year)
|
44.3
|
|
|
52.8
|
|
|
54.4
|
|
Interest-sensitive (renewal)
|
162.2
|
|
|
148.5
|
|
|
138.7
|
|
Subtotal - interest-sensitive
|
206.5
|
|
|
201.3
|
|
|
193.1
|
|
Traditional (first-year)
|
136.9
|
|
|
120.7
|
|
|
119.1
|
|
Traditional (renewal)
|
496.2
|
|
|
489.2
|
|
|
482.6
|
|
Subtotal - traditional
|
633.1
|
|
|
609.9
|
|
|
601.7
|
|
Total life insurance
|
839.6
|
|
|
811.2
|
|
|
794.8
|
|
Collections on insurance products:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total first-year premium collections on insurance products
|
1,487.2
|
|
|
1,626.4
|
|
|
1,484.5
|
|
Total renewal premium collections on insurance products
|
2,209.0
|
|
|
2,199.4
|
|
|
2,300.6
|
|
Total collections on insurance products
|
$
|
3,696.2
|
|
|
$
|
3,825.8
|
|
|
$
|
3,785.1
|
|
Annuities include fixed index, fixed interest and other annuities sold to the senior market. Annuity collections were $1,165.0 million in 2020, compared to $1,306.4 million in 2019 and $1,164.5 million in 2018. The decrease in premium collections from our fixed index products in 2020, as compared to 2019, primarily reflects our pricing discipline and current market conditions. We have proactively managed the participation rates on our fixed index products in order to balance sales growth and profitability in the current low interest rate environment. The increase in premium collections from our fixed index products in 2019, as compared to 2018, was primarily due to the general stock market performance which made these products attractive to certain customers. Premium collections from our fixed interest products reflect consumer preference for fixed index products in the current low interest rate environment.
Health products include supplemental health, Medicare supplement and long-term care products. Our profits on health policies depend on the overall level of sales, the length of time the business remains inforce, investment yields, claims experience and expense management.
Premiums collected on supplemental health products (including specified disease, accident and hospital indemnity insurance products) were $677.2 million in 2020, compared to $663.1 million in 2019 and $642.8 million in 2018. Such increases are primarily due to new sales.
Collected premiums on Medicare supplement policies were $750.5 million, $776.0 million and $782.1 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The decrease in 2020 is due to lower sales of such products.
In 2018, premiums collected on long-term care policies included $130.5 million of premiums collected from certain legacy (prior to 2003) comprehensive and nursing home long-term care policies which were ceded in September 2018 under a 100% indemnity coinsurance agreement.
Life products include interest-sensitive and traditional life products. Life premiums were $839.6 million, $811.2 million and $794.8 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Premiums collected reflect both recent sales activity and steady persistency.
INVESTMENTS
Our investment strategy is to: (i) provide largely stable investment income from a diversified high quality fixed income portfolio; (ii) mitigate the effect of changing interest rates through active asset/liability management; (iii) provide liquidity to meet our cash obligations to policyholders and others; and (iv) maximize total return through active strategic asset allocation and investment management. Consistent with this strategy, investments in fixed maturity securities and mortgage loans made up 90 percent of our $27.6 billion investment portfolio at December 31, 2020. The remainder of the invested assets was trading securities, investments held by VIEs, COLI, equity securities, policy loans and other invested assets.
The following table summarizes the composition of our investment portfolio as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying value
|
|
Percent of total investments
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
|
85
|
%
|
Equity securities
|
151.2
|
|
|
1
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
1,358.7
|
|
|
5
|
|
Policy loans
|
123.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
Trading securities
|
232.0
|
|
|
1
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities
|
1,189.4
|
|
|
4
|
|
Company-owned life insurance
|
209.7
|
|
|
1
|
|
Other invested assets
|
936.7
|
|
|
3
|
|
Total investments
|
$
|
27,584.3
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
The following table summarizes investment yields earned over the past three years on the investments allocated to our product lines. General account investments exclude the value of options.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
|
(dollars in millions)
|
Weighted average investments at amortized cost allocated to product lines
|
|
$
|
18,093.0
|
|
|
$
|
17,382.6
|
|
|
$
|
16,586.9
|
|
Allocated investment income
|
|
887.0
|
|
|
882.6
|
|
|
863.6
|
|
Average yield on allocated investments
|
|
4.90
|
%
|
|
5.08
|
%
|
|
5.21
|
%
|
Insurance statutes regulate the types of investments that our insurance subsidiaries are permitted to make and limit the amount of funds that may be used for any one type of investment. In addition, we have internal management compliance limits on various exposures and activities which are typically more restrictive than insurance statutes. In light of these statutes and regulations and our business and investment strategy, we generally seek to invest in United States government and government-
agency securities and corporate securities rated investment grade by established nationally recognized rating organizations or in securities of comparable investment quality, if not rated.
Fixed Maturities, Available for Sale
The following table summarizes the carrying values and gross unrealized losses of our fixed maturity securities, available for sale, by category as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying value
|
|
Percent of fixed maturities
|
|
Gross unrealized losses
|
|
Percent of gross unrealized losses
|
States and political subdivisions
|
$
|
2,653.9
|
|
|
11.3
|
%
|
|
$
|
1.3
|
|
|
4.2
|
%
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
2,092.6
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
6.6
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
1,980.2
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
22.8
|
|
Banks
|
1,680.7
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
.5
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
Insurance
|
1,656.9
|
|
|
7.1
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
4.8
|
|
Utilities
|
1,548.0
|
|
|
6.6
|
|
|
.2
|
|
|
.7
|
|
Healthcare/pharmaceuticals
|
1,459.6
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
6.4
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
1,062.1
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
23.4
|
|
Food/beverage
|
999.3
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
|
.2
|
|
|
.6
|
|
Brokerage
|
876.3
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Energy
|
832.7
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
Technology
|
802.1
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Telecom
|
580.6
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Transportation
|
569.6
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Cable/media
|
510.1
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
.3
|
|
Capital goods
|
492.8
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Real estate/REITs
|
478.5
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
.7
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
458.9
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
|
11.4
|
|
Chemicals
|
406.1
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
U.S. Treasury and Obligations
|
235.5
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
.2
|
|
|
.6
|
|
Aerospace/defense
|
227.9
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
1,779.2
|
|
|
7.7
|
|
|
.8
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
|
$
|
31.8
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses of our fixed maturity securities, available for sale, by category and ratings category as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investment grade
|
|
Below-investment grade
|
|
|
|
AAA/AA/A
|
|
BBB
|
|
BB
|
|
B+ and
below
|
|
Total gross
unrealized
losses
|
Asset-backed securities
|
$
|
1.8
|
|
|
$
|
2.6
|
|
|
$
|
.2
|
|
|
$
|
2.8
|
|
|
$
|
7.4
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
5.5
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
|
.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
Energy
|
—
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
3.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
3.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
.2
|
|
|
.2
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Healthcare/pharmaceuticals
|
—
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
Insurance
|
.3
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
.1
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other
|
1.2
|
|
|
.7
|
|
|
.7
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
2.7
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
12.7
|
|
|
$
|
7.5
|
|
|
$
|
8.0
|
|
|
$
|
3.6
|
|
|
$
|
31.8
|
|
Investment ratings are assigned the second lowest rating by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations (Moody's, S&P or Fitch), or if not rated by such firms, the rating assigned by the NAIC. NAIC designations of "1" or "2" include fixed maturities generally rated investment grade (rated "Baa3" or higher by Moody's or rated "BBB-" or higher by S&P and Fitch). NAIC designations of "3" through "6" are referred to as below-investment grade (which generally are rated "Ba1" or lower by Moody's or rated "BB+" or lower by S&P and Fitch). References to investment grade or below-investment grade throughout our consolidated financial statements are determined as described above. The following table sets forth fixed maturity investments at December 31, 2020, classified by ratings (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair value
|
Investment rating
|
Amortized cost
|
|
Amount
|
|
Percent of fixed maturities
|
AAA
|
$
|
1,358.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,438.6
|
|
|
6
|
%
|
AA
|
2,281.4
|
|
|
2,688.6
|
|
|
12
|
|
A
|
5,933.4
|
|
|
7,141.9
|
|
|
31
|
|
BBB+
|
2,438.5
|
|
|
3,031.1
|
|
|
13
|
|
BBB
|
3,577.7
|
|
|
4,316.2
|
|
|
18
|
|
BBB-
|
2,338.1
|
|
|
2,589.9
|
|
|
11
|
|
Investment grade
|
17,927.8
|
|
|
21,206.3
|
|
|
91
|
|
BB+
|
288.7
|
|
|
317.9
|
|
|
1
|
|
BB
|
290.4
|
|
|
297.3
|
|
|
1
|
|
BB-
|
272.2
|
|
|
285.0
|
|
|
1
|
|
B+ and below
|
1,142.0
|
|
|
1,277.1
|
|
|
6
|
|
Below-investment grade
|
1,993.3
|
|
|
2,177.3
|
|
|
9
|
|
Total fixed maturity securities
|
$
|
19,921.1
|
|
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
|
100
|
%
|
We continually evaluate the creditworthiness of each issuer whose securities we hold. We pay special attention to large investments, investments which have significant risk characteristics and to those securities whose fair values have declined materially for reasons other than changes in general market conditions. We evaluate the realizable value of the investment, the specific condition of the issuer and the issuer's ability to comply with the material terms of the security. We review the historical and recent operational results and financial position of the issuer, information about its industry, information about factors affecting the issuer's performance and other information. 40|86 Advisors employs experienced securities analysts in a broad variety of specialty areas who compile and review such data. During 2020, we recognized net realized investment losses
of $36.2 million, which were comprised of: (i) $15.1 million of net losses from the sales of investments; (ii) $5.1 million of losses related to equity securities, including the change in fair value; (iii) the decrease in fair value of certain fixed maturity investments with embedded derivatives of $.1 million; (iv) the increase in fair value of embedded derivatives related to a modified coinsurance agreement of $2.6 million; and (v) an increase in the allowance for credit losses and other-than temporary impairment losses of $18.5 million.
During 2020, we sold $507.1 million of fixed maturity investments which resulted in gross investment losses (before income taxes) of $53.7 million. Securities are generally sold at a loss following unforeseen issue-specific events or conditions or shifts in perceived relative values. These reasons include but are not limited to: (i) changes in the investment environment; (ii) expectation that the market value could deteriorate; (iii) our desire to reduce our exposure to an asset class, an issuer or an industry; (iv) prospective or actual changes in credit quality; or (v) changes in expected portfolio cash flows.
Our investment portfolio is subject to the risk of declines in realizable value. However, we attempt to mitigate this risk through the diversification and active management of our portfolio.
The Company reports accrued investment income separately from fixed maturities, available for sale, and has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued investment income. Accrued investment income is written off through net investment income at the time the issuer of the bond defaults or is expected to default on payments.
As of December 31, 2020, we had fixed maturity securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $1.0 million and nil, respectively, that were in substantive default (i.e., in default due to nonpayment of interest or principal). There were no other investments about which we had serious doubts as to the recoverability of the carrying value of the investment.
Other Investments
At December 31, 2020, we held commercial mortgage loan investments with an amortized cost of $1,285.7 million (or 4.7 percent of total invested assets) and a fair value of $1,339.9 million. Our commercial mortgage loan portfolio is comprised of large commercial mortgage loans. Approximately 14 percent, 10 percent, 8 percent and 7 percent of the commercial mortgage loan balance were on properties located in California, Texas, Maryland and Wisconsin, respectively. No other state comprised greater than six percent of the mortgage loan balance. At December 31, 2020, there were no commercial mortgage loans in process of foreclosure. At December 31, 2020, we held residential mortgage loan investments with an amortized cost of $84.8 million and a fair value of $84.9 million. At December 31, 2020, there were 19 residential mortgage loans that were noncurrent with a carrying value of $6.1 million (of which, 15 such loans with a carrying value of $5.1 million were in forbearance and 3 loans with a carrying value of $.5 million were in foreclosure). The allowance for credit losses related to mortgage loans was $11.8 million at December 31, 2020, and increased $5.1 million in 2020. During 2019 and 2018, we recognized nil and $2.1 million, respectively, of impairments on commercial mortgage loans.
The following table shows the distribution of our commercial mortgage loan portfolio by property type as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of loans
|
|
Amortized cost
|
Retail
|
61
|
|
|
$
|
254.9
|
|
Industrial
|
32
|
|
|
247.8
|
|
Multi-family
|
25
|
|
|
399.9
|
|
Office building
|
26
|
|
|
229.4
|
|
Other
|
20
|
|
|
153.7
|
|
Total commercial mortgage loans
|
164
|
|
|
$
|
1,285.7
|
|
The following table shows our commercial mortgage loan portfolio by loan size as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of loans
|
|
Amortized cost
|
Under $5 million
|
69
|
|
|
$
|
179.4
|
|
$5 million but less than $10 million
|
49
|
|
|
330.9
|
|
$10 million but less than $20 million
|
37
|
|
|
555.7
|
|
Over $20 million
|
9
|
|
|
219.7
|
|
Total commercial mortgage loans
|
164
|
|
|
$
|
1,285.7
|
|
The following table summarizes the distribution of maturities of our commercial mortgage loans as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of loans
|
|
Amortized cost
|
2021
|
5
|
|
|
$
|
9.4
|
|
2022
|
10
|
|
|
79.3
|
|
2023
|
8
|
|
|
110.5
|
|
2024
|
17
|
|
|
141.9
|
|
2025
|
15
|
|
|
100.7
|
|
after 2025
|
109
|
|
|
843.9
|
|
Total commercial mortgage loans
|
164
|
|
|
$
|
1,285.7
|
|
The following table provides the amortized cost by year of origination and estimated fair value of our outstanding commercial mortgage loans and the underlying collateral as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair
value
|
Loan-to-value ratio (a)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
Prior
|
|
Total amortized cost
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
|
Collateral
|
Less than 60%
|
$
|
29.0
|
|
|
$
|
81.5
|
|
|
$
|
139.7
|
|
|
$
|
84.1
|
|
|
$
|
76.7
|
|
|
$
|
608.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,019.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,074.4
|
|
|
$
|
2,899.3
|
|
60% to less than 70%
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
|
19.4
|
|
|
72.7
|
|
|
118.8
|
|
|
121.7
|
|
|
182.0
|
|
70% to less than 80%
|
18.8
|
|
|
12.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
43.1
|
|
|
74.1
|
|
|
73.8
|
|
|
101.0
|
|
80% to less than 90%
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
63.8
|
|
|
63.8
|
|
|
61.2
|
|
|
76.5
|
|
90% or greater
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.0
|
|
|
8.8
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Total
|
$
|
47.8
|
|
|
$
|
101.0
|
|
|
$
|
148.3
|
|
|
$
|
94.9
|
|
|
$
|
106.1
|
|
|
$
|
787.6
|
|
|
$
|
1,285.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,339.9
|
|
|
$
|
3,269.5
|
|
________________
(a)Loan-to-value ratios are calculated as the ratio of: (i) the amortized cost of the commercial mortgage loans; to (ii) the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral.
At December 31, 2020, we held $232.0 million of trading securities. We carry trading securities at estimated fair value; changes in fair value are reflected in the statement of operations. Our trading securities include: (i) investments purchased with the intent of selling in the near term to generate income; (ii) investments supporting certain insurance liabilities; and (iii) certain fixed maturity securities containing embedded derivatives for which we have elected the fair value option. Investment income from trading securities backing certain insurance liabilities is substantially offset by the change in insurance policy benefits related to certain products and agreements.
Other invested assets include options backing our fixed index annuity and life insurance products, COLI, FHLB common stock and certain nontraditional investments, including investments in limited partnerships, hedge funds and real estate investments held for sale.
At December 31, 2020, we held investments with an amortized cost of $1,211.3 million and an estimated fair value of $1,189.4 million related to VIEs that we are required to consolidate. The investment portfolio held by the VIEs is primarily
comprised of commercial bank loans, the borrowers for which are almost entirely rated below-investment grade. Refer to the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Investments in Variable Interest Entities" for additional information on these investments.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Potential Future Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic
We expect the potential impact of the pandemic on our future results will be largely driven by three things which are already impacting our business, but the duration and severity of which are currently unknown:
•the impact of the COVID-19 environment on the sales of some of our insurance products;
•changes in mortality, morbidity, and persistency (or lapse rates) impacting insurance product margin; and
•general economic impacts, driving: (i) lower net investment income through lower interest rates; (ii) the impact of credit deterioration on invested assets and capital; and (iii) potential impacts to reserves and deferred acquisition costs resulting from lower interest rates, equity performance, and market volatility.
Given the ongoing uncertainty related to how the COVID-19 pandemic will impact our results and the continued economic impact it will have, we continue to model a range of potential outcomes taking into account these three things. The purpose of our modeling is not to predict certain outcomes, but to develop a range of potential outcomes and manage capital and liquidity in the context of outcomes within the range. We most recently updated our models for two scenarios in January 2021. These scenarios incorporate many assumptions. Actual conditions in future periods may differ materially from the assumptions used in modeling the two scenarios. In the first scenario, which assumes that vaccines are sufficient in achieving herd immunity in 2021 and the impacts of the pandemic trail off through 2021, we assumed approximately 360,000 additional deaths from the virus in 2021 in the United States and modest economic growth in 2021 compared to 2020. In the second scenario, which assumes that vaccines are insufficient to achieve herd immunity in 2021, we assumed approximately 500,000 additional deaths from the virus in 2021 in the United States and recessionary economic conditions in 2021 compared to 2020.
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted our consolidated sales volumes. In 2020, our sales of health and life insurance products (measured by new annualized premiums) across both our Consumer and Worksite Divisions decreased by 6 percent compared to 2019. The lower sales in 2020 will adversely impact our earnings in future periods.
In 2020, our Consumer Division health sales (new annualized premiums) decreased by 16 percent compared to 2019. Sales of life products increased 19 percent in 2020 compared to 2019. Collected premiums from our annuity products decreased 11 percent in 2020 compared to 2019. As the economy has partially reopened, albeit largely on a work-from-home basis, and our customers and agents have become more accustomed to virtual transactions, sales in the Consumer Division have improved.
Similar to other insurance companies selling insurance products at the workplace, sales within our Worksite Division have been significantly below prior year levels. In 2020, our Worksite Division life and health sales (new annualized premiums) decreased 43 percent compared to 2019.
With respect to changes in mortality and morbidity, we estimate that COVID-19 could have a modestly favorable impact on total insurance product margin during the first half of 2021; a modestly unfavorable impact in the second half of 2021; and a neutral impact for the entire year, including the negative impact on insurance product margin from lower sales in 2020. In 2020, our margin on life insurance products reflected an estimated $38 million of adverse mortality impact related to COVID-19. While higher mortality claims unfavorably impacted our life product margins, our health product margins have generally benefited due to lower claims experience. We estimate the COVID-19 environment favorably impacted our health margins by approximately $97 million in 2020 primarily due to consumers deferring medical care treatments. We expect this trend to revert to normal over time. Such deferral of care and possible long-term health complications from COVID-19 may lead to higher life and health claim costs in future periods.
The persistency of policies has generally been higher than pre-COVID-19 periods and we expect persistency to have a neutral impact going forward in both of our scenarios. However, there remains a possibility that high unemployment could translate to an increase in lapse rates in future periods. If higher lapse rates do occur, we expect that current period earnings
would generally be favorably impacted but earnings in future periods would be unfavorably impacted, as the base of our inforce business would be lower.
Regarding our investment portfolio, we have evaluated a range of potential impacts from the pandemic, including impacts on credit migration, default levels, net investment income and capital. We used a range of assumptions which are market-consistent, or in-line with downside assumptions from rating agencies and generally consistent with past financial crises.
We believe our earnings over the long-term will be impacted by lower interest rates consistent with the assumptions reflected in our actuarial unlocking exercise in the second quarter of 2020 which were further refined by our comprehensive review of actuarial assumptions completed in the fourth quarter of 2020. Refer to "Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Results of Operations - Changes in Actuarial Assumptions" for further information related to changes in certain actuarial assumptions and their impact on our operating results in 2020.
With respect to capital, based on the modeling described above, even with the more adverse impacts of the second scenario, we believe we would be able to:
•maintain our target RBC levels, debt to capital ratios and minimum holding company liquidity;
•maintain our quarterly dividend to shareholders; and
•have continued, but modest, capacity for share repurchases.
The two modeling scenarios described above, and the resulting range of estimated outcomes, are hypothetical and have been provided to give a general sense of how certain aspects of our business could be affected by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, depending on the duration and severity of the pandemic and related governmental and social responses and the economic consequences of the pandemic. There are many modeling scenarios which could result in materially different projected outcomes from the two described above and, accordingly the modeling scenarios described above do not constitute an exhaustive set of possible outcomes resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic which could affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. Similarly, given the unprecedented nature of the COVID-19 pandemic, the assumptions used in these modeling scenarios, and the related range of outcomes, are based on assumed facts which are inherently unpredictable and, accordingly, if the pandemic progresses and updated assumptions were to be applied to the modeling scenarios the outcome generated by the application of updated assumptions to these modeling scenarios may be materially different from those described above. For example, the actual number of U.S. deaths, the effectiveness of vaccines and the related economic impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic may differ materially from the assumptions used to generate the outcomes from the two scenarios. In addition, policies and actions taken by the U.S. and foreign governments and central banks have mitigated the impacts of COVID-19 on the financial markets, investment performance and valuations. There can be no assurance that these policies or actions will continue or continue to be effective. If the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is ultimately worse than contemplated by our modeled scenarios, the impact to our business, results of operations, financial condition and liquidity could be significantly different than described above.
Changes in the Consolidated Balance Sheet
Changes in our consolidated balance sheet between December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019, primarily reflect: (i) our net income for 2020; (ii) changes in the fair value of our fixed maturity securities, available for sale; (iii) the issuance of the Debentures; and (iv) payments to repurchase common stock of $263.0 million.
Our capital structure as of December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019 was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Total capital:
|
|
|
|
Corporate notes payable
|
$
|
1,136.2
|
|
|
$
|
989.1
|
|
Shareholders’ equity:
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
1.3
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
2,544.5
|
|
|
2,767.3
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
2,186.1
|
|
|
1,372.5
|
|
Retained earnings
|
752.3
|
|
|
535.7
|
|
Total shareholders’ equity
|
5,484.2
|
|
|
4,677.0
|
|
Total capital
|
$
|
6,620.4
|
|
|
$
|
5,666.1
|
|
The following table summarizes certain financial ratios as of and for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31,
2020
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
Book value per common share
|
$
|
40.54
|
|
|
$
|
31.58
|
|
Book value per common share, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (a)
|
24.38
|
|
|
22.32
|
|
Debt to total capital ratios:
|
|
|
|
Corporate debt to total capital
|
17.2
|
%
|
|
17.5
|
%
|
Corporate debt to total capital, excluding accumulated other comprehensive income (a)
|
25.6
|
%
|
|
23.0
|
%
|
_____________________
(a)This non-GAAP measure differs from the corresponding GAAP measure presented immediately above, because accumulated other comprehensive income has been excluded from the value of capital used to determine this measure. Management believes this non-GAAP measure is useful because it removes the volatility that arises from changes in accumulated other comprehensive income. Such volatility is often caused by changes in the estimated fair value of our investment portfolio resulting from changes in general market interest rates rather than the business decisions made by management. However, this measure does not replace the corresponding GAAP measure.
Contractual Obligations
The Company's significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2020, were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payment due in
|
|
Total
|
|
2021
|
|
2022-2023
|
|
2024-2025
|
|
Thereafter
|
Insurance liabilities (a)
|
$
|
51,920.7
|
|
|
$
|
3,174.7
|
|
|
$
|
6,614.6
|
|
|
$
|
6,493.7
|
|
|
$
|
35,637.7
|
|
Notes payable (b)
|
1,800.0
|
|
|
60.8
|
|
|
120.9
|
|
|
607.3
|
|
|
1,011.0
|
|
Investment borrowings (c)
|
1,686.0
|
|
|
39.5
|
|
|
623.7
|
|
|
1,022.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest
entities (d)
|
1,245.7
|
|
|
49.2
|
|
|
479.0
|
|
|
519.4
|
|
|
198.1
|
|
Postretirement plans (e)
|
280.2
|
|
|
7.8
|
|
|
16.6
|
|
|
17.5
|
|
|
238.3
|
|
Operating leases
|
62.2
|
|
|
22.8
|
|
|
31.3
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
.7
|
|
Commitments to purchase/fund investments
|
91.9
|
|
|
91.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other contractual commitments (f)
|
387.0
|
|
|
24.8
|
|
|
199.9
|
|
|
162.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total
|
$
|
57,473.7
|
|
|
$
|
3,471.5
|
|
|
$
|
8,086.0
|
|
|
$
|
8,830.4
|
|
|
$
|
37,085.8
|
|
________________
(a) These cash flows represent our estimates of the payments we expect to make to our policyholders, without consideration of future premiums or reinsurance recoveries. These estimates are based on numerous assumptions (depending on the
product type) related to mortality, morbidity, lapses, withdrawals, future premiums, future deposits, interest rates on investments, credited rates, expenses and other factors which affect our future payments. The cash flows presented are undiscounted for interest. As a result, total outflows for all years exceed the corresponding liabilities of $25.1 billion included in our consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. As such payments are based on numerous assumptions, the actual payments may vary significantly from the amounts shown.
In estimating the payments we expect to make to our policyholders, we considered the following:
•For products such as immediate annuities and structured settlement annuities without life contingencies, the payment obligation is fixed and determinable based on the terms of the policy.
•For products such as universal life, ordinary life, long-term care, supplemental health and fixed rate annuities, the future payments are not due until the occurrence of an insurable event (such as death or disability) or a triggering event (such as a surrender or partial withdrawal). We estimated these payments using actuarial models based on historical experience and our expectation of the future payment patterns which is consistent with the assumptions used in our loss recognition testing for these blocks of business.
•For short-term insurance products such as Medicare supplement insurance, the future payments relate only to amounts necessary to settle all outstanding claims, including those that have been incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. We estimated these payments based on our historical experience and our expectation of future payment patterns which is consistent with the assumptions used in our loss recognition testing for these blocks of business.
•The average interest rate we assumed would be credited to our total insurance liabilities (excluding interest rate bonuses for the first policy year only and excluding the effect of credited rates attributable to variable or fixed index products) over the term of the contracts was 4.6 percent.
(b) Includes projected interest payments based on interest rates, as applicable, as of December 31, 2020. Refer to the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Notes Payable - Direct Corporate Obligations" for additional information on notes payable.
(c) These borrowings represent collateralized borrowings from the FHLB.
(d) These borrowings represent the securities issued by VIEs and include projected interest payments based on interest rates, as applicable, as of December 31, 2020.
(e) Includes benefits expected to be paid pursuant to our deferred compensation plan and postretirement plans based on numerous actuarial assumptions and interest credited at 2.50 percent.
(f) Includes obligations to third parties for information technology services, software maintenance and license agreements, consulting services and sponsorship agreements.
It is possible that the ultimate outcomes of various uncertainties could affect our liquidity in future periods. For example, the following events could have a material adverse effect on our cash flows:
•An adverse decision in pending or future litigation.
•An inability to obtain rate increases on certain of our insurance products.
•Worse than anticipated claims experience.
•Lower than expected dividends and/or surplus debenture interest payments from our insurance subsidiaries (resulting from inadequate earnings or capital or regulatory requirements).
•An inability to meet and/or maintain the covenants in our Revolving Credit Agreement.
•A significant increase in policy surrender levels.
•A significant increase in investment defaults.
•An inability of our reinsurers to meet their financial obligations.
While we actively manage the relationship between the duration and cash flows of our invested assets and the estimated duration and cash flows of benefit payments arising from contract liabilities, there could be significant variations in the timing of such cash flows. Although we believe our current estimates properly project future claim experience, if these estimates prove to be wrong, and our experience worsens (as it did in some prior periods), our future liquidity could be adversely affected.
Liquidity for Insurance Operations
Our insurance companies generally receive adequate cash flows from premium collections and investment income to meet their obligations. Life insurance, long-term care insurance and annuity liabilities are generally long-term in nature. Life and annuity policyholders may, however, withdraw funds or surrender their policies, subject to any applicable penalty provisions; there are generally no withdrawal or surrender benefits for long-term care insurance. We actively manage the relationship between the duration of our invested assets and the estimated duration of benefit payments arising from contract liabilities.
Three of the Company's insurance subsidiaries (Bankers Life, Washington National and Colonial Penn) are members of the FHLB. As members of the FHLB, our insurance subsidiaries have the ability to borrow on a collateralized basis from the FHLB. We are required to hold certain minimum amounts of FHLB common stock as a condition of membership in the FHLB, and additional amounts based on the amount of the borrowings. At December 31, 2020, the carrying value of the FHLB common stock was $71.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, collateralized borrowings from the FHLB totaled $1.6 billion and the proceeds were used to purchase fixed maturity securities. The borrowings are classified as investment borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The borrowings are collateralized by investments with an estimated fair value of $2.0 billion at December 31, 2020, which are maintained in custodial accounts for the benefit of the FHLB.
State laws generally give state insurance regulatory agencies broad authority to protect policyholders in their jurisdictions. Regulators have used this authority in the past to restrict the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay any dividends or other amounts without prior approval. We cannot be assured that the regulators will not seek to assert greater supervision and control over our insurance subsidiaries' businesses and financial affairs.
Our estimated consolidated statutory RBC ratio was 411 percent at December 31, 2020, compared to 408 percent at December 31, 2019. The increase is primarily due to statutory operating earnings and the impacts of a change in principle related to certain reserve calculations, net of dividends paid to the holding company, which were partially offset by a 24 percentage point decrease due to investment valuation-related items (of which, 15 percentage points related to credit migration and 9 percentage points related to changes in carrying values within our investment portfolio). In 2020, our estimated consolidated statutory operating earnings were $421 million and insurance company dividends of $294.1 million were paid to the holding company. Statutory operating income and capital and surplus were favorably impacted by $99 million and $53 million, respectively, related to certain provisions in the CARES Act. The favorable impact resulted from provisions that permitted the carryback of net operating losses that were created after 2017 and the temporary repeal of the 80% limitation on the utilization of NOLs created after 2017.
During 2020, the financial statements of three of our insurance subsidiaries prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by regulatory authorities reflected asset adequacy or premium deficiency reserves. Total asset adequacy and premium deficiency reserves for Bankers Life, Washington National and Bankers Conseco Life Insurance Company were $10.0 million, $125.5 million and $39.5 million, respectively, at December 31, 2020. Due to differences between statutory and GAAP insurance liabilities, we were not required to recognize a similar asset adequacy or premium deficiency reserve in our consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. The determination of the need for and amount of asset adequacy or premium deficiency reserves is subject to numerous actuarial assumptions, including the Company's ability to change NGEs related to certain products consistent with contract provisions.
Our insurance subsidiaries transfer exposure to certain risk to others through reinsurance arrangements. When we obtain reinsurance, we are still liable for those transferred risks in the event the reinsurer defaults on its obligations. The failure, insolvency, inability or unwillingness of one or more of the Company's reinsurers to perform in accordance with the terms of its reinsurance agreement could negatively impact our earnings or financial position and our consolidated statutory RBC ratio.
Financial Strength Ratings of our Insurance Subsidiaries
Financial strength ratings provided by A.M. Best, Fitch, S&P and Moody's and are the rating agency's opinions of the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay policyholder claims and obligations when due.
On January 28, 2021, A.M. Best affirmed its "A-" financial strength ratings of our primary insurance subsidiaries and revised the outlook for these ratings to positive from stable. The "A-" rating is assigned to companies that have an excellent ability, in A.M. Best's opinion, to meet their ongoing obligations to policyholders. A.M. Best ratings for the industry currently range from "A++ (Superior)" to "F (In Liquidation)" and some companies are not rated. An "A++" rating indicates a superior ability to meet ongoing obligations to policyholders. A.M. Best has sixteen possible ratings. There are three ratings above the "A-" rating of our primary insurance subsidiaries and twelve ratings that are below that rating.
On December 17, 2020, Fitch affirmed its "A-" financial strength ratings of our primary insurance subsidiaries. The outlook for these ratings remain stable. An insurer rated "A", in Fitch's opinion, indicates a low expectation of ceased or interrupted payments and indicates strong capacity to meet policyholder and contract obligations. This capacity may, nonetheless, be more vulnerable to changes in circumstances or in economic conditions than is the case for higher ratings. Fitch ratings for the industry range from "AAA Exceptionally Strong" to "C Distressed" and some companies are not rated. Pluses and minuses show the relative standing within a category. Fitch has nineteen possible ratings. There are six ratings above the "A-" rating of our primary insurance subsidiaries and twelve ratings that are below that rating.
On June 21, 2019, S&P upgraded the financial strength ratings of our primary insurance subsidiaries to "A-" from
"BBB+" and the outlook for these ratings is stable. S&P financial strength ratings range from "AAA" to "R" and some companies are not rated. An insurer rated "A", in S&P's opinion, has strong financial security characteristics, but is somewhat more likely to be affected by adverse business conditions than are insurers with higher ratings. Pluses and minuses show the relative standing within a category. S&P has twenty-one possible ratings. There are six ratings above the "A-" rating of our primary insurance subsidiaries and fourteen ratings that are below that rating.
On October 4, 2018, Moody's upgraded the financial strength ratings of our primary insurance subsidiaries to "A3" from "Baa1" and the outlook for these ratings is stable. Moody's actions resulted from the Company's announcement that Bankers Life had closed on its agreement to cede certain long-term care policies. Moody’s financial strength ratings range from "Aaa" to "C". These ratings may be supplemented with numbers "1", "2", or "3" to show relative standing within a category. In Moody's view, an insurer rated "A" offers good financial security, however, certain elements may be present which suggests a susceptibility to impairment sometime in the future. Moody's has twenty-one possible ratings. There are six ratings above the "A3" rating of our primary insurance subsidiaries and fourteen ratings that are below that rating.
Rating agencies have increased the frequency and scope of their credit reviews and requested additional information from the companies that they rate, including us. They may also adjust upward the capital and other requirements employed in the rating agency models for maintenance of certain ratings levels. We cannot predict what actions rating agencies may take, or what actions we may take in response. Accordingly, downgrades and outlook revisions related to us or the life insurance industry may occur in the future at any time and without notice by any rating agency. These could increase policy surrenders and withdrawals, adversely affect relationships with our distribution channels, reduce new sales, reduce our ability to borrow and increase our future borrowing costs.
Liquidity of the Holding Companies
Availability and Sources and Uses of Holding Company Liquidity; Limitations on Ability of Insurance Subsidiaries to Make Dividend and Surplus Debenture Interest Payments to the Holding Companies; Limitations on Holding Company Activities
At December 31, 2020, CNO, CDOC and our other non-insurance subsidiaries held unrestricted cash and cash equivalents of $388.1 million. CNO and CDOC are holding companies with no business operations of their own; they depend on their operating subsidiaries for cash to make principal and interest payments on debt, and to pay administrative expenses and income taxes. CNO and CDOC receive cash from insurance subsidiaries, consisting of dividends and distributions, interest payments on surplus debentures and tax-sharing payments, as well as cash from non-insurance subsidiaries consisting of dividends, distributions, loans and advances. The principal non-insurance subsidiaries that provide cash to CNO and CDOC are 40|86 Advisors, which receives fees from the insurance subsidiaries for investment services, and CNO Services which receives fees from the insurance subsidiaries for providing administrative services. The agreements between our insurance subsidiaries
and CNO Services and 40|86 Advisors, respectively, were previously approved by the domestic insurance regulator for each insurance company, and any payments thereunder do not require further regulatory approval.
The following table sets forth the aggregate amount of dividends (net of capital contributions) and other distributions that our insurance subsidiaries paid to our non-insurance subsidiaries in each of the last three fiscal years (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Years ended December 31,
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net dividends (contributions) from/to insurance subsidiaries
|
$
|
294.1
|
|
|
$
|
186.3
|
|
|
$
|
(51.1)
|
|
Surplus debenture interest
|
57.4
|
|
|
59.9
|
|
|
58.2
|
|
Fees for services provided pursuant to service agreements
|
111.7
|
|
|
115.5
|
|
|
108.9
|
|
Total dividends and other distributions paid by insurance subsidiaries
|
$
|
463.2
|
|
|
$
|
361.7
|
|
|
$
|
116.0
|
|
The following summarizes the current ownership structure of CNO’s primary subsidiaries:
The ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends is subject to state insurance department regulations and is based on the financial statements of our insurance subsidiaries prepared in accordance with statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by regulatory authorities, which differ from GAAP. These regulations generally permit dividends to be paid from statutory earned surplus of the insurance company without regulatory approval for any 12-month period in amounts equal to the greater of (or in some states, the lesser of): (i) statutory net gain from operations or net income for the prior year; or (ii) 10 percent of statutory capital and surplus as of the end of the preceding year. However, as each of the immediate insurance subsidiaries of CDOC has significant negative earned surplus, any dividend payments from the insurance subsidiaries require the prior approval of the director or commissioner of the applicable state insurance department. In 2020, our insurance subsidiaries paid dividends to CDOC totaling $294.1 million. We expect to receive regulatory approval for future dividends from our subsidiaries, but there can be no assurance that such payments will be approved or that the financial condition of our insurance subsidiaries will not change, making future approvals less likely.
CDOC holds surplus debentures from CLTX with an aggregate principal amount of $749.6 million. Interest payments on those surplus debentures do not require additional approval provided the RBC ratio of CLTX exceeds 100 percent (but do require prior written notice to the Texas state insurance department). The estimated RBC ratio of CLTX was 352 percent at December 31, 2020. CDOC also holds a surplus debenture from Colonial Penn with a principal balance of $160.0 million. Interest payments on that surplus debenture require prior approval by the Pennsylvania state insurance department. Dividends and other payments from our non-insurance subsidiaries, including 40|86 Advisors and CNO Services, to CNO or CDOC do not require approval by any regulatory authority or other third party. However, insurance regulators may prohibit payments by our insurance subsidiaries to parent companies if they determine that such payments could be adverse to our policyholders or contractholders.
The insurance subsidiaries of CDOC receive funds to pay dividends primarily from: (i) the earnings of their direct businesses; (ii) tax sharing payments received from subsidiaries (if applicable); and (iii) with respect to CLTX, dividends received from subsidiaries. At December 31, 2020, the subsidiaries of CLTX had earned surplus (deficit) as summarized below (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Subsidiary of CLTX
|
|
Earned surplus (deficit)
|
|
Additional information
|
Bankers Life
|
|
$
|
256.1
|
|
|
(a)
|
Colonial Penn
|
|
(367.3)
|
|
|
(b)
|
____________________
(a)Bankers Life paid dividends of $232.9 million to CLTX in 2020. Bankers Life may pay dividends without regulatory approval or prior notice for any 12-month period if such dividends are less than the greater of: (i) statutory net income for the prior year; or (ii) 10 percent of statutory capital and surplus as of the end of the preceding year. Dividends in excess of these levels require 30 days prior notice.
(b)The deficit is primarily due to transactions which occurred several years ago, including a tax planning transaction and the fee paid to recapture a block of business previously ceded to an unaffiliated insurer.
A significant deterioration in the financial condition, earnings or cash flow of the material subsidiaries of CNO or CDOC for any reason could hinder such subsidiaries' ability to pay cash dividends or other disbursements to CNO and/or CDOC, which, in turn, could limit CNO's ability to meet debt service requirements and satisfy other financial obligations. In addition, we may choose to retain capital in our insurance subsidiaries or to contribute additional capital to our insurance subsidiaries to maintain or strengthen their surplus or fund a long-term care reinsurance transaction, and these decisions could limit the amount available at our top tier insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends to the holding companies.
In November 2020, the Company issued the Debentures. The terms of the Debentures are set forth in the Indenture, dated as of June 12, 2019, as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 25, 2020, each between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee. The Debentures bear interest at an annual rate of 5.125%, payable quarterly in arrears on February 25, May 25, August 25 and November 25 commencing on February 25, 2021. The Debentures mature on November 25, 2060. The Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Debentures for general corporate purposes.
On October 13, 2017, the Company entered into the Amendment Agreement with respect to its Revolving Credit Agreement. The Amendment Agreement, among other things, increased the total commitments available under the revolving credit facility from $150.0 million to $250.0 million, increased the aggregate amount of additional incremental loans the Company may incur from $50.0 million to $100.0 million and extended the maturity date of the revolving credit facility from May 19, 2019 to October 13, 2022. There were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement at December 31, 2020.
The scheduled principal and interest payments on our direct corporate obligations are as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal
|
|
Interest (a)
|
2021
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
60.8
|
|
2022
|
—
|
|
(b)
|
60.7
|
|
2023
|
—
|
|
|
60.2
|
|
2024
|
—
|
|
|
60.2
|
|
2025
|
500.0
|
|
(c)
|
47.1
|
|
2026 and thereafter
|
650.0
|
|
(d)
|
361.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,150.0
|
|
|
$
|
650.0
|
|
_________________________
(a)Based on interest rates as of December 31, 2020.
(b)The maturity date of the Revolving Credit Agreement is October 13, 2022.
(c)Such amount represents our 5.250% Notes due 2025.
(d)Such amount includes $500.0 million of 5.250% Notes due 2029 and the Debentures.
Free cash flow is a measure of holding company liquidity and is calculated as: (i) dividends, management fees and surplus debenture interest payments received from our subsidiaries; plus (ii) earnings on corporate investments; less (iii) interest expense, corporate expenses and net tax payments. In 2020, we generated $387 million of such free cash flow. The Company is committed to deploying 100 percent of its free cash flow into investments to accelerate profitable growth, common stock dividends and share repurchases. In late June 2020, we resumed share repurchase activity after suspending such share repurchases in mid-March 2020 in light of the uncertainty related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Our current estimate of free cash flow generation in 2021, combined with holding company liquidity existing at December 31, 2020, is expected to result in share repurchase capacity that exceeds our actual share repurchase activity in 2020. The amount and timing of future share repurchases (if any) will be based on business and market conditions and other factors including, but not limited to, available free cash flow, the current price of our common stock and investment opportunities. In 2020, we repurchased 14.5 million shares of common stock for $263.0 million under our securities repurchase program. The Company had remaining repurchase authority of $269.3 million as of December 31, 2020.
In 2020, 2019 and 2018, dividends declared on common stock totaled $67.4 million ($0.47 per common share), $67.2 million ($0.43 per common share) and $64.8 million ($0.39 per common share), respectively. In May 2020, the Company increased its quarterly common stock dividend to $0.12 per share from $0.11 per share.
On January 28, 2021, A.M. Best affirmed its "bbb-" issuer credit and senior unsecured debt ratings and revised the outlook for these ratings to positive from stable. In A.M. Best's view, a company rated "bbb-" has an adequate ability to meet the terms of its obligations; however, the issuer is more susceptible to changes in economic or other conditions. Pluses and minuses show the relative standing within a category. A.M. Best has a total of 22 possible ratings ranging from "aaa (Exceptional)" to "d (In default)". There are nine ratings above CNO's "bbb-" rating and twelve ratings that are below its rating.
On December 17, 2020, Fitch affirmed its "BBB-" rating on our senior unsecured debt. The outlook for these ratings remain stable. In Fitch's view, an obligation rated "BBB" indicates that expectations of default risk are currently low. The capacity for payment of financial commitments is considered adequate but adverse business or economic conditions are more likely to impair this capacity. Pluses and minuses show the relative standing within a category. Fitch has a total of 21 possible ratings ranging from "AAA" to "D". There are nine ratings above CNO's "BBB-" rating and eleven ratings that are below its rating.
On June 21, 2019, S&P upgraded our senior unsecured debt rating to "BBB-" from "BB+" and the outlook for these ratings is stable. In S&P's view, an obligation rated "BBB" exhibits adequate protection parameters. However, adverse economic conditions or changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the obligation. Pluses and minuses show the relative standing within a category. S&P has a total of 22 possible ratings ranging from "AAA (Extremely Strong)" to "D (Payment Default)". There are nine ratings above CNO's "BBB-" rating and twelve ratings that are below its rating.
On October 4, 2018, Moody's upgraded our senior unsecured debt rating to "Baa3" from "Ba1" and the outlook for these ratings is stable. Moody's actions resulted from the Company's announcement that Bankers Life had closed on its agreement to cede certain long-term care policies. In Moody's view, obligations rated "Baa" are subject to moderate credit risk and may possess certain speculative characteristics. A rating is supplemented with numerical modifiers "1", "2" or "3" to show the relative standing within a category. Moody's has a total of 21 possible ratings ranging from "Aaa" to "C". There are nine ratings above CNO's "Baa3" rating and eleven ratings that are below its rating.
Outlook
We believe that the existing cash available to the holding company, the cash flows to be generated from operations and other transactions will be sufficient to allow us to meet our debt service obligations, pay corporate expenses and satisfy other financial obligations. However, our cash flow is affected by a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control, including insurance regulatory issues, competition, financial markets and other general business conditions. We cannot provide assurance that we will possess sufficient income and liquidity to meet all of our debt service requirements and other holding company obligations. For additional discussion regarding the liquidity and other risks that we face, see "Risk Factors".
MARKET-SENSITIVE INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT
Our spread-based insurance business is subject to several inherent risks arising from movements in interest rates, especially if we fail to anticipate or respond to such movements. First, interest rate changes can cause compression of our net spread between interest earned on investments and interest credited on customer deposits, thereby adversely affecting our
results. Second, if interest rate changes produce an unanticipated increase in surrenders of our spread-based products, we may be forced to sell invested assets at a loss in order to fund such surrenders. Many of our products include surrender charges, market interest rate adjustments or other features to encourage persistency; however, at December 31, 2020, approximately $4.4 billion of our total insurance liabilities could be surrendered by the policyholder without penalty. Finally, changes in interest rates can have significant effects on our investment portfolio. We use asset/liability strategies that are designed to mitigate the effect of interest rate changes on our profitability. However, there can be no assurance that management will be successful in implementing such strategies and sustaining adequate investment spreads.
We seek to invest our available funds in a manner that will fund future obligations to policyholders, subject to appropriate risk considerations. We seek to meet this objective through investments that: (i) have similar cash flow characteristics with the liabilities they support; (ii) are diversified (including by types of obligors); and (iii) are predominantly investment-grade in quality.
Our investment strategy is to maximize, over a sustained period and within acceptable parameters of quality and risk, investment income and total investment return through active strategic asset allocation and investment management. Accordingly, we may sell securities at a gain or a loss to enhance the projected total return of the portfolio as market opportunities change, to reflect changing perceptions of risk, or to better match certain characteristics of our investment portfolio with the corresponding characteristics of our insurance liabilities.
The profitability of many of our products depends on the spread between the interest earned on investments and the rates credited on our insurance liabilities. In addition, changes in competition and other factors, including the level of surrenders and withdrawals, may limit our ability to adjust or to maintain crediting rates at levels necessary to avoid narrowing of spreads under certain market conditions. As of December 31, 2020, approximately 16 percent of our insurance liabilities had interest rates that may be reset annually; 49 percent had a fixed explicit interest rate for the duration of the contract; 33 percent had credited rates which approximate the income earned by the Company; and the remainder had no explicit interest rates.
The following table summarizes the distribution of annuity and universal life account values, net of amounts ceded, by guaranteed interest crediting rates as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
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|
|
|
|
Guaranteed
|
|
Fixed index
|
|
Fixed interest
|
|
Universal
|
|
|
rate
|
|
annuities
|
|
annuities
|
|
life
|
|
Total
|
> 5.0% to 6.0%
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
.3
|
|
|
$
|
8.7
|
|
|
$
|
9.0
|
|
> 4.0% to 5.0%
|
|
—
|
|
|
25.3
|
|
|
257.3
|
|
|
282.6
|
|
> 3.0% to 4.0%
|
|
14.7
|
|
|
648.0
|
|
|
40.1
|
|
|
702.8
|
|
> 2.0% to 3.0%
|
|
611.4
|
|
|
732.9
|
|
|
245.0
|
|
|
1,589.3
|
|
> 1.0% to 2.0%
|
|
1,557.3
|
|
|
175.6
|
|
|
29.5
|
|
|
1,762.4
|
|
1.0% and under
|
|
5,580.1
|
|
|
411.2
|
|
|
495.7
|
|
|
6,487.0
|
|
|
|
$
|
7,763.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,993.3
|
|
|
$
|
1,076.3
|
|
|
$
|
10,833.1
|
|
Weighted average
|
|
1.20
|
%
|
|
2.73
|
%
|
|
2.48
|
%
|
|
1.61
|
%
|
At December 31, 2020, $2.9 billion and $0.3 billion of our fixed interest annuity and universal life account values, respectively, net of amounts ceded, were at minimum guaranteed crediting rates. The weighted average crediting rates at December 31, 2020, related to such annuity and universal life account values, that were at the minimum guaranteed crediting rate were 1.85 percent and 1.59 percent, respectively.
At December 31, 2020, the weighted average yield, computed on the cost basis of our fixed maturity portfolio, was 4.6 percent, and the average interest rate credited or accruing to our total insurance liabilities (excluding interest rate bonuses for the first policy year only and excluding the effect of credited rates attributable to variable or fixed index products) was 4.6 percent. Refer to "Part 1 - Item 1A. Risk Factors - Potential continuation of a low interest rate environment for an extended period of time may negatively impact our results of operations, financial position and cash flows" for additional information on interest rate risks.
We simulate the cash flows expected from our existing insurance business under various interest rate scenarios. These simulations help us to measure the potential gain or loss in fair value of our interest rate-sensitive investments and to manage the relationship between the interest sensitivity of our assets and liabilities. When the estimated durations of assets and liabilities are similar, absent other factors, a change in the value of assets related to changes in interest rates should be largely
offset by a change in the value of liabilities. At December 31, 2020, the estimated duration of our fixed income securities (as modified to reflect estimated prepayments and call premiums) and the estimated duration of our insurance liabilities were approximately 10.2 years and 9.7 years, respectively. We estimate that our fixed maturity securities and short-term investments (net of corresponding changes in insurance acquisition costs) would decline in fair value by approximately $145 million if interest rates were to increase by 10 percent from their levels at December 31, 2020. Our simulations incorporate numerous assumptions, require significant estimates and assume an immediate change in interest rates without any management of the investment portfolio in reaction to such change. Consequently, potential changes in value of our financial instruments indicated by the simulations will likely be different from the actual changes experienced under given interest rate scenarios, and the differences may be material. Because we actively manage our investments and liabilities, our net exposure to interest rates can vary over time.
We are subject to the risk that our investments will decline in value. This has occurred in the past and may occur again, particularly if interest rates rise from their current low levels.
The Company is subject to risk resulting from fluctuations in market prices of our equity securities. In general, these investments have more year-to-year price variability than our fixed maturity investments. However, returns over longer time frames have been consistently higher. We manage this risk by limiting our equity securities to a relatively small portion of our total investments.
Our investment in options backing our equity-linked products is closely matched with our obligation to fixed index annuity holders. Fair value changes associated with that investment are substantially offset by an increase or decrease in the amounts added to policyholder account liabilities for fixed index products.
Inflation
Inflation rates may impact the financial statements and operating results in several areas. Inflation influences interest rates, which in turn impact the fair value of the investment portfolio and yields on new investments. Inflation also impacts a portion of our insurance policy benefits affected by increased medical coverage costs. Operating expenses, including payrolls, are impacted to a certain degree by the inflation rate.
ITEM 8. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
Page
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
|
|
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of CNO Financial Group, Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CNO Financial Group, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of shareholders' equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020, including the related notes and financial statement schedules listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2020 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2020, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Valuation of embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products
As described in Notes 2 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company issues fixed index annuity products, which provide a guaranteed minimum rate of return and a higher potential return that is based on a percentage (the “participation rate”) of the amount of increase in the value of a particular index, such as the Standard & Poor’s 500 Index, over a specified period. The Company accounts for the options attributed to the policyholder for the estimated life of the contract as embedded derivatives. As of December 31, 2020, the value of embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products is $1.6 billion, which is included in policyholder account liabilities. The accounting requirement is to record these embedded derivatives at estimated fair value. The value of the embedded derivatives is determined based on the present value of the estimated discounted future options costs. As described by management, in estimating the fair value of the embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products, management used significant unobservable inputs with respect to projected portfolio yields, discount rates and surrender rates. The discount rate is based on risk-free rates adjusted for company’s non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs. Increases (decreases) in the discount rates would lead to a lower (higher) fair value measurement.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the valuation of embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management in estimating the fair value of embedded derivatives, specifically the significant unobservable inputs to the discount rate, which included company’s non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence relating to management’s discount rate assumption; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s valuation of embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products, including controls over the Company’s development of the significant assumption. These procedures also included, among others, the involvement of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in testing management’s process for determining the fair value of the embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuities. This included testing the completeness and accuracy of the data provided by management, evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation method and the reasonableness of the discount rate assumption. Evaluating the significant assumption related to the discount rate involved evaluating whether company’s non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market significant unobservable inputs were reasonable considering relevant macroeconomic conditions, consistency with external market and industry data, and current and past policyholder experience.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Indianapolis, Indiana
February 24, 2021
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1983.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
December 31, 2020 and 2019
(Dollars in millions)
ASSETS
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
Investments:
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale, at fair value (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020 - $2.2; amortized cost: 2020 - $19,921.1; 2019 - $19,179.5)
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
|
$
|
21,295.2
|
|
Equity securities at fair value
|
151.2
|
|
|
44.1
|
|
Mortgage loans (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020 - $11.8)
|
1,358.7
|
|
|
1,566.1
|
|
Policy loans
|
123.0
|
|
|
124.5
|
|
Trading securities
|
232.0
|
|
|
243.9
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020 - $15.1; amortized cost: 2020 - $1,211.3; 2019 - $1,206.3)
|
1,189.4
|
|
|
1,188.6
|
|
Other invested assets
|
1,146.4
|
|
|
1,118.5
|
|
Total investments
|
27,584.3
|
|
|
25,580.9
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents - unrestricted
|
937.8
|
|
|
580.0
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents held by variable interest entities
|
54.1
|
|
|
74.7
|
|
Accrued investment income
|
205.8
|
|
|
205.9
|
|
Present value of future profits
|
249.4
|
|
|
275.4
|
|
Deferred acquisition costs
|
1,027.8
|
|
|
1,215.5
|
|
Reinsurance receivables (net of allowance for credit losses: 2020 - $4.0)
|
4,584.3
|
|
|
4,785.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
199.4
|
|
|
432.6
|
|
Assets held in separate accounts
|
4.2
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Other assets
|
492.8
|
|
|
476.0
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
35,339.9
|
|
|
$
|
33,630.9
|
|
(continued on next page)
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET, continued
December 31, 2020 and 2019
(Dollars in millions)
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
Liabilities for insurance products:
|
|
|
|
Policyholder account liabilities
|
$
|
12,540.6
|
|
|
$
|
12,132.3
|
|
Future policy benefits
|
11,744.2
|
|
|
11,498.5
|
|
Liability for policy and contract claims
|
561.8
|
|
|
522.3
|
|
Unearned and advanced premiums
|
252.6
|
|
|
260.5
|
|
Liabilities related to separate accounts
|
4.2
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Other liabilities
|
821.8
|
|
|
750.2
|
|
Investment borrowings
|
1,642.5
|
|
|
1,644.3
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
1,151.8
|
|
|
1,152.5
|
|
Notes payable – direct corporate obligations
|
1,136.2
|
|
|
989.1
|
|
Total liabilities
|
29,855.7
|
|
|
28,953.9
|
|
Commitments and Contingencies
|
|
|
|
Shareholders' equity:
|
|
|
|
Common stock ($0.01 par value, 8,000,000,000 shares authorized, shares issued and outstanding: 2020 - 135,279,119; 2019 - 148,084,178)
|
1.3
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
2,544.5
|
|
|
2,767.3
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
2,186.1
|
|
|
1,372.5
|
|
Retained earnings
|
752.3
|
|
|
535.7
|
|
Total shareholders' equity
|
5,484.2
|
|
|
4,677.0
|
|
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity
|
$
|
35,339.9
|
|
|
$
|
33,630.9
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS
for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
(Dollars in millions, except per share data)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
|
$
|
2,511.3
|
|
|
$
|
2,480.8
|
|
|
$
|
2,593.1
|
|
Net investment income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General account assets
|
|
1,079.0
|
|
|
1,098.0
|
|
|
1,272.5
|
|
Policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios
|
|
143.5
|
|
|
264.9
|
|
|
33.7
|
|
Realized investment gains (losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains on the transfer of assets related to reinsurance transaction
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
363.4
|
|
Other net realized investment gains (losses), excluding impairment losses
|
|
(17.7)
|
|
|
40.6
|
|
|
(8.7)
|
|
Change in allowance for credit losses and other-than-temporary impairment losses (a)
|
|
(18.5)
|
|
|
(12.4)
|
|
|
(2.6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total realized gains
|
|
(36.2)
|
|
|
28.2
|
|
|
352.1
|
|
Fee revenue and other income
|
|
123.5
|
|
|
143.9
|
|
|
62.1
|
|
Total revenues
|
|
3,821.1
|
|
|
4,015.8
|
|
|
4,313.5
|
|
Benefits and expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
|
2,157.9
|
|
|
2,417.0
|
|
|
2,278.6
|
|
Loss related to reinsurance transaction
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,067.6
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
108.8
|
|
|
152.3
|
|
|
149.8
|
|
Amortization
|
|
268.1
|
|
|
232.1
|
|
|
264.3
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
Other operating costs and expenses
|
|
942.0
|
|
|
932.9
|
|
|
814.2
|
|
Total benefits and expenses
|
|
3,476.8
|
|
|
3,741.6
|
|
|
4,578.3
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
|
344.3
|
|
|
274.2
|
|
|
(264.8)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax expense (benefit) on period income
|
|
76.5
|
|
|
58.5
|
|
|
(57.6)
|
|
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and other tax items
|
|
(34.0)
|
|
|
(193.7)
|
|
|
107.8
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
301.8
|
|
|
$
|
409.4
|
|
|
$
|
(315.0)
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
|
|
142,096,000
|
|
|
156,040,000
|
|
|
165,457,000
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
2.12
|
|
|
$
|
2.62
|
|
|
$
|
(1.90)
|
|
Diluted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding
|
|
143,164,000
|
|
|
157,148,000
|
|
|
165,457,000
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
|
$
|
2.11
|
|
|
$
|
2.61
|
|
|
$
|
(1.90)
|
|
__________________
(a) No portion of the other-than-temporary impairments recognized in 2019 and 2018 was included in accumulated other comprehensive income.
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
301.8
|
|
|
$
|
409.4
|
|
|
$
|
(315.0)
|
|
Other comprehensive income, before tax:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrealized gains (losses) for the period
|
1,332.8
|
|
|
1,830.2
|
|
|
(1,579.9)
|
|
Amortization of present value of future profits and deferred acquisition costs
|
(116.0)
|
|
|
(165.6)
|
|
|
125.5
|
|
Amount related to premium deficiencies assuming the net unrealized gains (losses) had been realized
|
(204.0)
|
|
|
(133.0)
|
|
|
512.0
|
|
Reclassification adjustments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
For net realized investment gains (losses) included in net income (loss)
|
27.1
|
|
|
(6.3)
|
|
|
(356.9)
|
|
For amortization of the present value of future profits and deferred acquisition costs related to net realized investment gains (losses) included in net income (loss)
|
(2.4)
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss) before tax
|
1,037.5
|
|
|
1,525.9
|
|
|
(1,299.7)
|
|
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
|
(223.9)
|
|
|
(331.1)
|
|
|
281.6
|
|
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
|
813.6
|
|
|
1,194.8
|
|
|
(1,018.1)
|
|
Comprehensive income (loss)
|
$
|
1,115.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,604.2
|
|
|
$
|
(1,333.1)
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock
|
|
Additional
paid-in
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive
|
|
Retained
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Amount
|
|
capital
|
|
income
|
|
earnings
|
|
Total
|
Balance, December 31, 2017
|
166,858
|
|
|
$
|
1.7
|
|
|
$
|
3,073.3
|
|
|
$
|
1,212.1
|
|
|
$
|
560.4
|
|
|
$
|
4,847.5
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(16.3)
|
|
|
16.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2018
|
166,858
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
|
3,073.3
|
|
|
1,195.8
|
|
|
576.7
|
|
|
4,847.5
|
|
Net loss
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(315.0)
|
|
|
(315.0)
|
|
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments (net of applicable income tax benefit of $281.3)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,017.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,017.0)
|
|
Change in noncredit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities, available for sale (net of applicable income tax benefit of $.3)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock repurchased
|
(5,486)
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
(100.8)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(100.9)
|
|
Dividends on common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(65.1)
|
|
|
(65.1)
|
|
Employee benefits plans, net of shares used to pay tax withholdings
|
830
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
22.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
22.5
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2018
|
162,202
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
2,995.0
|
|
|
177.7
|
|
|
196.6
|
|
|
3,370.9
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(3.1)
|
|
|
(3.1)
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2019
|
162,202
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
2,995.0
|
|
|
177.7
|
|
|
193.5
|
|
|
3,367.8
|
|
Net income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
409.4
|
|
|
409.4
|
|
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments (net of applicable income tax expense of $331.1)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,194.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,194.9
|
|
Change in noncredit component of impairment losses on fixed maturities, available for sale (net of applicable income tax benefit of less than $.1)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
Common stock repurchased
|
(15,408)
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
(252.2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(252.3)
|
|
Dividends on common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(67.2)
|
|
|
(67.2)
|
|
Employee benefits plans, net of shares used to pay tax withholdings
|
1,290
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
24.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
24.5
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2019
|
148,084
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
2,767.3
|
|
|
1,372.5
|
|
|
535.7
|
|
|
4,677.0
|
|
Cumulative effect of accounting change
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(17.8)
|
|
|
(17.8)
|
|
Balance, January 1, 2020
|
148,084
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
2,767.3
|
|
|
1,372.5
|
|
|
517.9
|
|
|
4,659.2
|
|
Net income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
301.8
|
|
|
301.8
|
|
Change in unrealized appreciation (depreciation) of investments (net of applicable income tax expense of $223.9)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
813.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
813.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Common stock repurchased
|
(14,471)
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
|
(262.8)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(263.0)
|
|
Dividends on common stock
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(67.4)
|
|
|
(67.4)
|
|
Employee benefits plans, net of shares used to pay tax withholdings
|
1,666
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
40.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
40.0
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2020
|
135,279
|
|
|
$
|
1.3
|
|
|
$
|
2,544.5
|
|
|
$
|
2,186.1
|
|
|
$
|
752.3
|
|
|
$
|
5,484.2
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018
(Dollars in millions)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
|
$
|
2,331.0
|
|
|
$
|
2,326.0
|
|
|
$
|
2,433.4
|
|
Net investment income
|
|
1,097.4
|
|
|
1,122.3
|
|
|
1,321.2
|
|
Fee revenue and other income
|
|
123.5
|
|
|
132.6
|
|
|
62.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
|
(1,582.9)
|
|
|
(1,630.1)
|
|
|
(1,910.7)
|
|
Payment to reinsurer pursuant to long-term care business reinsured
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(365.0)
|
|
Interest expense
|
|
(111.2)
|
|
|
(151.2)
|
|
|
(141.1)
|
|
Deferrable policy acquisition costs
|
|
(275.8)
|
|
|
(288.7)
|
|
|
(261.8)
|
|
Other operating costs
|
|
(818.1)
|
|
|
(816.6)
|
|
|
(788.5)
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
(28.4)
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
|
(31.8)
|
|
Net cash from operating activities
|
|
735.5
|
|
|
696.7
|
|
|
317.8
|
|
Cash flows from investing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sales of investments
|
|
1,480.0
|
|
|
2,899.2
|
|
|
3,210.2
|
|
Maturities and redemptions of investments
|
|
2,218.3
|
|
|
2,237.7
|
|
|
2,469.0
|
|
Purchases of investments
|
|
(4,280.7)
|
|
|
(5,576.4)
|
|
|
(6,205.8)
|
|
Net sales (purchases) of trading securities
|
|
13.8
|
|
|
(14.1)
|
|
|
25.9
|
|
Other
|
|
(39.8)
|
|
|
(102.0)
|
|
|
(25.0)
|
|
Net cash used by investing activities
|
|
(608.4)
|
|
|
(555.6)
|
|
|
(525.7)
|
|
Cash flows from financing activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Issuance of notes payable, net
|
|
145.8
|
|
|
494.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
Payments on notes payable
|
|
—
|
|
|
(425.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Expenses related to extinguishment of debt
|
|
—
|
|
|
(6.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Issuance of common stock
|
|
19.0
|
|
|
9.2
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
Payments to repurchase common stock
|
|
(268.3)
|
|
|
(254.5)
|
|
|
(108.0)
|
|
Common stock dividends paid
|
|
(67.0)
|
|
|
(67.1)
|
|
|
(64.8)
|
|
Amounts received for deposit products
|
|
1,620.1
|
|
|
1,743.1
|
|
|
1,588.5
|
|
Withdrawals from deposit products
|
|
(1,235.6)
|
|
|
(1,363.9)
|
|
|
(1,312.3)
|
|
Issuance of investment borrowings:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal Home Loan Bank
|
|
498.0
|
|
|
536.8
|
|
|
150.0
|
|
Related to variable interest entities
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
277.6
|
|
Payments on investment borrowings:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Federal Home Loan Bank
|
|
(499.8)
|
|
|
(538.2)
|
|
|
(150.9)
|
|
Related to variable interest entities and other
|
|
(2.1)
|
|
|
(271.5)
|
|
|
(276.8)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided (used) by financing activities
|
|
210.1
|
|
|
(143.0)
|
|
|
107.2
|
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
337.2
|
|
|
(1.9)
|
|
|
(100.7)
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents - unrestricted and held by variable interest entities, beginning of year
|
|
654.7
|
|
|
656.6
|
|
|
757.3
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents - unrestricted and held by variable interest entities, end of year
|
|
$
|
991.9
|
|
|
$
|
654.7
|
|
|
$
|
656.6
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part
of the consolidated financial statements.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
1. BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
CNO Financial Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("CNO"), is a holding company for a group of insurance companies operating throughout the United States that develop, market and administer health insurance, annuity, individual life insurance and other insurance products. The terms "CNO Financial Group, Inc.", "CNO", the "Company", "we", "us", and "our" as used in these financial statements refer to CNO and its subsidiaries. Such terms, when used to describe insurance business and products, refer to the insurance business and products of CNO's insurance subsidiaries.
We focus on serving middle-income pre-retiree and retired Americans, which we believe are attractive, underserved, high growth markets. We sell our products through exclusive agents, independent producers (some of whom sell one or more of our product lines exclusively) and direct marketing.
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). We have reclassified certain amounts from the prior periods to conform to the 2020 presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on net income or shareholders' equity.
The accompanying financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Our consolidated financial statements exclude transactions between us and our consolidated affiliates, or among our consolidated affiliates.
When we prepare financial statements in conformity with GAAP, we are required to make estimates and assumptions that significantly affect reported amounts of various assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. For example, we use significant estimates and assumptions to calculate values for deferred acquisition costs, the present value of future profits, fair value measurements of certain investments (including derivatives), allowance for credit losses and other-than-temporary impairments of investments, assets and liabilities related to income taxes, liabilities for insurance products, liabilities related to litigation and guaranty fund assessment accruals. If our future experience differs from these estimates and assumptions, our financial statements would be materially affected.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Investments
Fixed maturity securities include available for sale bonds and redeemable preferred stocks. We carry these investments at estimated fair value. We record any unrealized gain or loss, net of tax and related adjustments, as a component of shareholders’ equity.
Equity securities include investments in common stock, exchange-traded funds and non-redeemable preferred stock. We carry these investments at estimated fair value. Effective January 1, 2018, changes in the fair value of equity securities are recognized in net income as further described below under the caption "Recently Issued Accounting Standards - Adopted Accounting Standards". Prior to January 1, 2018, changes in the fair value of equity securities were recorded in "Accumulated other comprehensive income".
Mortgage loans held in our investment portfolio are carried at amortized unpaid balance, net of allowance for estimated credit losses. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount of the loan based on the loan's contractual interest rate. Payment terms specified for mortgage loans may include a prepayment penalty for unscheduled payoff of the investment. Prepayment penalties are recognized as investment income when received. The allowance for estimated credit losses is measured using a loss-rate method on an individual asset basis. Inputs used include asset-specific characteristics, current economic conditions, historical loss information and reasonable and supportable forecasts about future economic conditions.
Policy loans are stated at current unpaid principal balances. Policy loans are collateralized by the cash surrender value of the life insurance policy. Interest income is recorded as earned using the contractual interest rate.
Trading securities include: (i) investments purchased with the intent of selling in the near team to generate income; (ii) investments supporting certain insurance liabilities; and (iii) certain fixed maturity securities containing embedded derivatives
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
for which we have elected the fair value option. The change in fair value of the income generating investments and investments supporting insurance liabilities and reinsurance agreements is recognized in income from policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios (a component of net investment income). The change in fair value of securities with embedded derivatives is recognized in realized investment gains (losses). Investment income related to investments supporting certain insurance liabilities is substantially offset by the change in insurance policy benefits related to certain products.
Other invested assets include: (i) call options purchased in an effort to offset or hedge the effects of certain policyholder benefits related to our fixed index annuity and life insurance products; (ii) Company-owned life insurance ("COLI"); (iii) investments in the common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB"); and (iv) certain non-traditional investments. We carry the call options at estimated fair value as further described in the section of this note entitled "Accounting for Derivatives". We carry COLI at its cash surrender value which approximates its net realizable value. Non-traditional investments include investments in certain limited partnerships and hedge funds which are accounted for using the equity method. In accounting for limited partnerships and hedge funds, we consistently use the most recently available financial information provided by the general partner or manager of each of these investments, which is one to three months prior to the end of our reporting period.
Interest income on fixed maturity securities is recognized when earned using a constant effective yield method giving effect to amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Prepayment fees are recognized when earned. Dividends on equity securities are recognized when declared.
When we sell a security (other than trading securities), we report the difference between the sale proceeds and amortized cost (determined based on specific identification) as a realized investment gain or loss.
When an available for sale fixed maturity security's fair value is below the amortized cost, the security is considered impaired. If a portion of the decline is due to credit-related factors, we separate the credit loss component of the impairment from the amount related to all other factors. The credit loss component is recorded as an allowance and reported in net realized investment gains (losses) (limited to the difference between estimated fair value and amortized cost). The impairment related to all other factors (non-credit factors) is reported in accumulated other comprehensive income along with unrealized gains related to fixed maturity investments, available for sale, net of tax and related adjustments. The allowance is adjusted for any additional credit losses and subsequent recoveries. When recognizing an allowance associated with a credit loss, the cost basis is not adjusted. When we determine a security is uncollectable, the remaining amortized cost will be written off.
In determining the credit loss component, we discount the estimated cash flows on a security by security basis. We consider the impact of macroeconomic conditions on inputs used to measure the amount of credit loss. For most structured securities, cash flow estimates are based on bond-specific facts and circumstances that may include collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity, prepayment speeds and structural support, including overcollateralization, excess spread, subordination and guarantees. For corporate bonds, cash flow estimates are derived by considering asset type, rating, time to maturity, and applying an expected loss rate.
If we intend to sell an impaired fixed maturity security, available for sale, or identify an impaired fixed maturity security, available for sale, for which is it more likely than not we will be required to sell before anticipated recovery, the difference between the fair value and the amortized cost is included in net realized investment gains (losses) and the fair value becomes the new amortized cost. The new cost basis is not adjusted for any subsequent recoveries in fair value.
The Company reports accrued investment income separately from fixed maturities, available for sale, and has elected not to measure an allowance for credit losses for accrued investment income. Accrued investment income is written off through net investment income at the time the issuer of the bond defaults or is expected to default on payments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include commercial paper, invested cash and other investments purchased with original maturities of less than three months. We carry them at amortized cost, which approximates estimated fair value. It is the Company's policy to offset negative cash balances with positive balances in other accounts with the same counterparty when agreements are in place permitting legal right of offset.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Deferred Acquisition Costs
Deferred acquisition costs represent incremental direct costs related to the successful acquisition of new or renewal insurance contracts. For interest-sensitive life or annuity products, we amortize these costs in relation to the estimated gross profits using the interest rate credited to the underlying policies. For other products, we amortize these costs in relation to future anticipated premium revenue using the projected investment earnings rate.
When we realize a gain or loss on investments backing our interest-sensitive life or annuity products, we adjust the amortization to reflect the change in estimated gross profits from the products due to the gain or loss realized and the effect on future investment yields. We also adjust deferred acquisition costs for the change in amortization that would have been recorded if our fixed maturity securities, available for sale, had been sold at their stated aggregate fair value and the proceeds reinvested at current yields. We limit the total adjustment related to the impact of unrealized losses to the total of costs capitalized plus interest related to insurance policies issued in a particular year. We include the impact of this adjustment in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within shareholders' equity.
We regularly evaluate the recoverability of the unamortized balance of the deferred acquisition costs. We consider estimated future gross profits or future premiums, expected mortality or morbidity, interest earned and credited rates, persistency and expenses in determining whether the balance is recoverable. If we determine a portion of the unamortized balance is not recoverable, it is charged to amortization expense. In certain cases, the unamortized balance of the deferred acquisition costs may not be deficient in the aggregate, but our estimates of future earnings indicate that profits would be recognized in early periods and losses in later periods. In this case, we increase the amortization of the deferred acquisition costs over the period of profits, by an amount necessary to offset losses that are expected to be recognized in the later years.
Present Value of Future Profits
The present value of future profits is the value assigned to the right to receive future cash flows from policyholder insurance contracts existing at September 10, 2003 (the "Effective Date", the effective date of the bankruptcy reorganization of Conseco, Inc., an Indiana corporation (our "Predecessor")). The discount rate we used to determine the present value of future profits was 12 percent. The balance of this account is amortized and evaluated for recovery in the same manner as described above for deferred acquisition costs. We also adjust the present value of future profits for the change in amortization that would have been recorded if the fixed maturity securities, available for sale, had been sold at their stated aggregate fair value and the proceeds reinvested at current yields, similar to the manner described above for deferred acquisition costs. We limit the total adjustment related to the impact of unrealized losses to the total present value of future profits plus interest.
Recognition of Insurance Policy Income and Related Benefits and Expenses on Insurance Contracts
For interest-sensitive life and annuity contracts that do not involve significant mortality or morbidity risk, the amounts collected from policyholders are considered deposits and are not included in revenue. Revenues for these contracts consist of charges for policy administration, cost of insurance charges and surrender charges assessed against policyholders' account balances. Such revenues are recognized when the service or coverage is provided, or when the policy is surrendered.
We establish liabilities for annuity and interest-sensitive life products equal to the accumulated policy account values, which include an accumulation of deposit payments plus credited interest, less withdrawals and the amounts assessed against the policyholder through the end of the period. In addition, policyholder account values for certain interest-sensitive life products are impacted by our assumptions related to changes of certain non-guaranteed elements that we are allowed to make under the terms of the policy, such as cost of insurance charges, expense loads, credited interest rates and policyholder bonuses. Sales inducements provided to the policyholders of these products are recognized as liabilities over the period that the contract must remain in force to qualify for the inducement. The options attributed to the policyholder related to our fixed index annuity products are accounted for as embedded derivatives as described in the section of this note entitled "Accounting for Derivatives".
Premiums from individual life products (other than interest-sensitive life contracts) and health products are recognized when due. When premiums are due over a significantly shorter period than the period over which benefits are provided, any gross premium in excess of the net premium (i.e., the portion of the gross premium required to provide for all expected future
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
benefits and expenses) is deferred and recognized into revenue in a constant relationship to insurance in force. Benefits are recorded as an expense when they are incurred.
We establish liabilities for traditional life, accident and health insurance, and life contingent payment annuity products using mortality tables in general use in the United States, which are modified to reflect the Company's actual experience when appropriate. We establish liabilities for accident and health insurance products using morbidity tables based on the Company's actual or expected experience. These reserves are computed at amounts that, with additions from estimated future premiums received and with interest on such reserves at estimated future rates, are expected to be sufficient to meet our obligations under the terms of the policy. Liabilities for future policy benefits are computed on a net-level premium method based upon assumptions as to future claim costs, investment yields, mortality, morbidity, withdrawals, policy dividends and maintenance expenses determined when the policies were issued (or with respect to policies inforce at August 31, 2003, the Company's best estimate of such assumptions on the Effective Date). We make an additional provision to allow for potential adverse deviation for some of our assumptions. Once established, assumptions on these products are generally not changed unless a premium deficiency exists. In that case, a premium deficiency reserve is recognized and the future pattern of reserve changes is modified to reflect the relationship of premiums to benefits based on the current best estimate of future claim costs, investment yields, mortality, morbidity, withdrawals, policy dividends and maintenance expenses, determined without an additional provision for potential adverse deviation.
We establish claim reserves based on our estimate of the loss to be incurred on reported claims plus estimates of incurred but unreported claims based on our past experience.
Accounting for Long-term Care Premium Rate Increases
Many of our long-term care policies have been subject to premium rate increases. In some cases, these premium rate increases were materially consistent with the assumptions we used to value the particular block of business at the Effective Date. With respect to certain premium rate increases, some of our policyholders were provided an option to cease paying their premiums and receive a non-forfeiture option in the form of a paid-up policy with limited benefits. In addition, our policyholders could choose to reduce their coverage amounts and premiums in the same proportion, when permitted by our contracts or as required by regulators. The following describes how we account for these policyholder options:
•Premium rate increases - If premium rate increases reflect a change in our previous rate increase assumptions, the new assumptions are not reflected prospectively in our reserves. Instead, the additional premium revenue resulting from the rate increase is recognized as earned and original assumptions continue to be used to determine changes to liabilities for insurance products unless a premium deficiency exists.
•Benefit reductions - A policyholder may choose reduced coverage with a proportionate reduction in premium, when permitted by our contracts. This option does not require additional underwriting. Benefit reductions are treated as a partial lapse of coverage, and the balance of our reserves and deferred insurance acquisition costs is reduced in proportion to the reduced coverage.
•Non-forfeiture benefits offered in conjunction with a rate increase - In some cases, non-forfeiture benefits are offered to policyholders who wish to lapse their policies at the time of a significant rate increase. In these cases, exercise of this option is treated as an extinguishment of the original contract and issuance of a new contract. The balance of our reserves and deferred insurance acquisition costs are released, and a reserve for the new contract is established.
Some of our policyholders may receive a non-forfeiture benefit if they cease paying their premiums pursuant to their original contract (or pursuant to changes made to their original contract as a result of a litigation settlement made prior to the Effective Date or an order issued by the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation). In these cases, exercise of this option is treated as the exercise of a policy benefit, and the reserve for premium paying benefits is reduced, and the reserve for the non-forfeiture benefit is adjusted to reflect the election of this benefit.
Accounting for Certain Marketing Agreements
Bankers Life and Casualty Company ("Bankers Life") has entered into various distribution and marketing agreements with other insurance companies to use Bankers Life's exclusive agents to distribute prescription drug and Medicare Advantage
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
plans. These agreements allow Bankers Life to offer these products to current and potential future policyholders without investment in management and infrastructure. We receive fee income related to the plans sold through our distribution channels and incur distribution expenses paid to our agents who sell such products.
The recognition of fee revenue and the distribution expenses paid to our agents results from approval of an application by the third-party insurance companies, which we define as our customers. We recognize revenue and distribution fees related to these sales in accordance with the new revenue recognition guidance which was effective January 1, 2018 (see "Recently Issued Accounting Standards - Adopted Accounting Standards" below). This guidance requires us to recognize the net lifetime revenue expected to be earned on these sales, but only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur. Prior to the fourth quarter of 2019, our revenue recognition was constrained due to the limited historical data available. In the fourth quarter of 2019, we had accumulated additional historical data with respect to some Medicare Advantage plan sales, and certain assumptions and constraints related to our revenue recognition were updated to reflect this change in estimate. To the extent we make changes to the assumptions we use to calculate revenue on these products, we will recognize the impact of the changes in the period in which the change is made.
Reinsurance
In the normal course of business, we seek to limit our loss exposure on any single insured or to certain groups of policies by ceding reinsurance to other insurance enterprises. We currently retain no more than $0.8 million of mortality risk on any one policy. We diversify the risk of reinsurance loss by using a number of reinsurers that have strong claims-paying ratings. In each case, the ceding CNO subsidiary is directly liable for claims reinsured in the event the assuming company is unable to pay.
The cost of reinsurance ceded totaled $262.5 million, $260.6 million and $144.5 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We deduct this cost from insurance policy income. Reinsurance recoveries netted against insurance policy benefits totaled $403.8 million, $439.8 million and $173.5 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The cost of reinsurance and reinsurance recovered amounts include the impacts of the reinsurance transaction with Wilton Reassurance Company ("Wilton Re") described below.
From time to time, we assume insurance from other companies. Any costs associated with the assumption of insurance are amortized consistent with the method used to amortize deferred acquisition costs. Reinsurance premiums assumed totaled $23.0 million, $25.1 million and $28.0 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Insurance policy benefits related to reinsurance assumed totaled $31.4 million, $36.4 million and $36.4 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
On September 27, 2018, the Company completed a long-term care reinsurance transaction pursuant to which its wholly-owned subsidiary, Bankers Life, entered into an agreement with Wilton Re to cede all of its legacy (prior to 2003) comprehensive and nursing home long-term care policies (with statutory reserves of $2.7 billion) through 100% indemnity coinsurance. Bankers Life paid a ceding commission of $825 million to reinsure the block, funded through excess capital in the insurance subsidiaries and at the holding company. Bankers Life transferred to Wilton Re assets equal to the statutory liabilities supporting the block plus the ceding commission (subject to a customary post-closing adjustment). CNO recognized a charge related to the transaction of $661.1 million, net of taxes and gains recognized on the assets transferred to Wilton Re. The charge is primarily attributable to loss recognition on the block due to the ceding commission.
In addition to the reinsurance agreement, Bankers Life and another CNO subsidiary entered into certain other agreements with Wilton Re, including a trust agreement, an administrative services agreement and a transition services agreement.
Wilton Re established a trust account for the benefit of Bankers Life to secure its obligations under the coinsurance agreement. The trust account is required to hold qualified assets with book values equal to the statutory liabilities of the block plus an additional amount, initially $500 million, which declines over time.
Income Taxes
Our income tax expense includes deferred income taxes arising from temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and net operating loss carryforwards ("NOLs"). Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
recovered or paid. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in earnings in the period when the changes are enacted.
A reduction of the net carrying amount of deferred tax assets by establishing a valuation allowance is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, all available evidence, both positive and negative, shall be considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. This assessment requires significant judgment and considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future profitability, the duration of carryforward periods, our experience with operating loss and tax credit carryforwards expiring unused, and tax planning strategies. We evaluate the need to establish a valuation allowance for our deferred income tax assets on an ongoing basis. The realization of our deferred tax assets depends upon generating sufficient future taxable income of the appropriate type during the periods in which our temporary differences become deductible and before our NOLs expire.
Investments in Variable Interest Entities
We have concluded that we are the primary beneficiary with respect to certain variable interest entities ("VIEs"), which are consolidated in our financial statements. All of the VIEs are collateralized loan trusts that were established to issue securities to finance the purchase of corporate loans and other permitted investments. The assets held by the trusts are legally isolated and not available to the Company. The liabilities of the VIEs are expected to be satisfied from the cash flows generated by the underlying loans held by the trusts, not from the assets of the Company. The Company has no financial obligation to the VIEs beyond its investment in each VIE.
The investment portfolios held by the VIEs are primarily comprised of commercial bank loans to corporate obligors which are almost entirely rated below-investment grade. Refer to the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Investments in Variable Interest Entities" for additional information about VIEs.
In addition, the Company, in the normal course of business, makes passive investments in structured securities issued by VIEs for which the Company is not the investment manager. These structured securities include asset-backed securities, agency residential mortgage-backed securities, non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities. Our maximum exposure to loss on these securities is limited to our cost basis in the investment. We have determined that we are not the primary beneficiary of these structured securities due to the relative size of our investment in comparison to the total principal amount of the individual structured securities and the level of credit subordination which reduces our obligation to absorb gains or losses.
At December 31, 2020, we held investments in various limited partnerships and hedge funds, in which we are not the primary beneficiary, totaling $562.7 million (classified as other invested assets). At December 31, 2020, we had unfunded commitments to these partnerships totaling $91.9 million. Our maximum exposure to loss on these investments is limited to the amount of our investment.
Investment Borrowings
Three of the Company's insurance subsidiaries (Bankers Life, Washington National Insurance Company ("Washington National") and Colonial Penn Life Insurance Company) are members of the FHLB. As members of the FHLB, our insurance subsidiaries have the ability to borrow on a collateralized basis from the FHLB. We are required to hold certain minimum amounts of FHLB common stock as a condition of membership in the FHLB, and additional amounts based on the amount of the borrowings. New guidance effective January 1, 2018, requiring equity investments to be measured at fair value (as described in the section of this note entitled "Recently Issued Accounting Standards - Adopted Accounting Standards") does not apply to FHLB common stock and prohibits such investments from being classified as equity securities subject to the new guidance. Accordingly, our investment in the FHLB common stock is classified as other invested assets. At December 31, 2020, the carrying value of the FHLB common stock was $71.0 million. As of December 31, 2020, collateralized borrowings from the FHLB totaled $1.6 billion and the proceeds were used to purchase fixed maturity securities. The borrowings are classified as investment borrowings in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. The borrowings are collateralized by investments with an estimated fair value of $2.0 billion at December 31, 2020, which are maintained in a custodial account for the benefit of the FHLB. Substantially all of such investments are classified as fixed maturities, available for sale, in our consolidated balance sheet.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following summarizes the terms of the borrowings from the FHLB by our insurance subsidiaries (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amount
|
|
Maturity
|
|
Interest rate at
|
borrowed
|
|
date
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
$
|
27.4
|
|
|
August 2021
|
|
Fixed rate – 2.550%
|
22.0
|
|
|
May 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .574%
|
100.0
|
|
|
May 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .575%
|
10.0
|
|
|
June 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .844%
|
50.0
|
|
|
July 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .591%
|
50.0
|
|
|
July 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .595%
|
50.0
|
|
|
July 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .602%
|
50.0
|
|
|
August 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .603%
|
50.0
|
|
|
December 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .525%
|
50.0
|
|
|
December 2022
|
|
Variable rate – .525%
|
22.4
|
|
|
March 2023
|
|
Fixed rate – 2.160%
|
50.0
|
|
|
July 2023
|
|
Variable rate – .543%
|
100.0
|
|
|
July 2023
|
|
Variable rate – .543%
|
50.0
|
|
|
February 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .541%
|
50.0
|
|
|
May 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .634%
|
21.8
|
|
|
May 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .632%
|
100.0
|
|
|
May 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .633%
|
50.0
|
|
|
May 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .678%
|
75.0
|
|
|
June 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .561%
|
100.0
|
|
|
July 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .544%
|
15.5
|
|
|
July 2024
|
|
Fixed rate – 1.990%
|
34.5
|
|
|
July 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .763%
|
15.0
|
|
|
July 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .663%
|
25.0
|
|
|
September 2024
|
|
Variable rate – .786%
|
21.7
|
|
|
May 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .484%
|
19.5
|
|
|
June 2025
|
|
Fixed rate – 2.940%
|
125.0
|
|
|
September 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .440%
|
100.0
|
|
|
October 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .630%
|
100.0
|
|
|
October 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .635%
|
57.7
|
|
|
October 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .610%
|
50.0
|
|
|
November 2025
|
|
Variable rate – .603%
|
$
|
1,642.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
The variable rate borrowings are pre-payable on each interest reset date without penalty. The fixed rate borrowings are pre-payable subject to payment of a yield maintenance fee based on prevailing market interest rates. At December 31, 2020, the aggregate yield maintenance fee to prepay all fixed rate borrowings was $5.8 million.
Interest expense of $21.2 million, $46.2 million and $41.9 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, was recognized related to total borrowings from the FHLB.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Accounting for Derivatives
Our fixed index annuity products provide a guaranteed minimum rate of return and a higher potential return that is based on a percentage (the "participation rate") of the amount of increase in the value of a particular index, such as the Standard & Poor's 500 Index, over a specified period. Typically, on each policy anniversary date, a new index period begins. We are generally able to change the participation rate at the beginning of each index period during a policy year, subject to contractual minimums. The Company accounts for the options attributed to the policyholder for the estimated life of the contract as embedded derivatives. We are required to record the embedded derivatives related to our fixed index annuity products at estimated fair value.
The value of the embedded derivative is based on the estimated cost to fulfill our commitment to fixed indexed annuity policyholders to purchase a series of annual forward options over the duration of the policy that back the potential return based on a percentage of the amount of increase in the value of the appropriate index. In valuing these options, we are required to make assumptions regarding: (i) future index values to determine both the future notional amounts at each anniversary date and the future prices of the forward starting options; (ii) future annual participation rates; and (iii) non-economic factors related to policy persistency. These assumptions are used to estimate the future cost to purchase the options.
The value of the embedded derivatives is determined based on the present value of estimated future option costs discounted using a risk-free rate adjusted for our non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs. The non-performance risk adjustment is determined by taking into consideration publicly available information related to spreads in the secondary market for debt with credit ratings similar to ours. These observable spreads are then adjusted to reflect the priority of these liabilities and the claim paying ability of the issuing insurance subsidiaries.
Risk margins are established to capture non-capital market risks which represent the additional compensation a market participant would require to assume the risks related to the uncertainties regarding the embedded derivatives, including future policyholder behavior related to persistency. The determination of the risk margin is highly judgmental given the lack of a market to assume the risks solely related to the embedded derivatives of our fixed index annuity products.
The determination of the appropriate risk-free rate and non-performance risk is sensitive to the economic and interest rate environment. Accordingly, the value of the derivative is volatile due to external market sensitivities, which may materially affect net income. Additionally, changes in the judgmental assumptions regarding the appropriate risk margin can significantly impact the value of the derivative.
We typically buy call options (including call spreads) referenced to the applicable indices in an effort to offset or hedge potential increases to policyholder benefits resulting from increases in the particular index to which the policy's return is linked.
We purchase certain fixed maturity securities that contain embedded derivatives that are required to be held at fair value on the consolidated balance sheet. We have elected the fair value option to carry the entire security at fair value with changes in fair value reported in net income.
Sales Inducements
Certain of our annuity products offer sales inducements to contract holders in the form of enhanced crediting rates or bonus payments in the initial period of the contract. Certain of our life insurance products offer persistency bonuses credited to the contract holder's balance after the policy has been outstanding for a specified period of time. These enhanced rates and persistency bonuses are considered sales inducements in accordance with GAAP. Such amounts are deferred and amortized in the same manner as deferred acquisition costs. Sales inducements deferred totaled $14.1 million, $24.9 million and $11.6 million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Amounts amortized totaled $15.4 million, $7.7 million and $10.6 million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The unamortized balance of deferred sales inducements was $59.4 million and $60.7 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Out-of-Period Adjustments
In 2018, we recorded the net effect of out-of-period adjustments related to the calculation of certain insurance liabilities which increased insurance policy benefits by $2.5 million (of which, $1.4 million related to long-term care reserves and $1.1 million related to a closed block of payout annuities), decreased tax expense by $0.5 million and increased our net loss by $2.0 million (or 1 cent per diluted share). We evaluated these adjustments taking into account both qualitative and quantitative factors and considered the impact of these adjustments in relation to each period, as well as the periods in which they originated. The impact of recognizing these adjustments in prior years was not significant to any individual period. Management believes these adjustments are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements and all previously issued financial statements.
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
Pending Accounting Standards
In August 2018, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the "FASB") issued authoritative guidance that makes targeted improvements to the accounting for long-duration contracts. The new guidance: (i) improves the timeliness of recognizing changes in the liability for future benefits and modifies the rate used to discount future cash flows; (ii) simplifies and improves the accounting for certain market-based options or guarantees associated with deposit (or account balance) contracts; (iii) simplifies the amortization of deferred acquisition costs; and (iv) requires enhanced disclosures, including disaggregated rollforwards of the liability for future policy benefits, policyholder account liabilities, market risk benefits and deferred acquisition costs. Additionally, qualitative and quantitative information about expected cash flows, estimates and assumptions will be required. The new measurement guidance for traditional and limited-payment contract liabilities and the new guidance for the amortization of deferred acquisition costs are required to be adopted on a modified retrospective transition approach, with an option to elect a full retrospective transition if certain criteria are met. The transition approach for deferred acquisition costs is required to be consistent with the transition applied to the liability for future policyholder benefits. Under the modified retrospective approach, for contracts in-force at the transition date, an entity would continue to use the existing locked-in investment yield interest rate assumption to calculate the net premium ratio, rather than the upper-medium grade fixed-income corporate instrument yield. However, for balance sheet remeasurement purposes, the current upper-medium grade fixed-income corporate instrument yield would be used at transition through accumulated other comprehensive income and subsequently through other comprehensive income. For market risk benefits, retrospective application is required, with the ability to use hindsight to measure fair value components to the extent assumptions in a prior period are unobservable or otherwise unavailable. In November 2020, the FASB issued authoritative guidance which delayed the effective date of this guidance for the Company by one year (until January 1, 2023). The Company has not yet determined the expected impact of adoption of this guidance on its consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Adopted Accounting Standards
In February 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to accounting for leases, requiring lessees to report most leases on their balance sheets, regardless of whether the lease is classified as a finance lease or an operating lease. For lessees, the initial lease liability is equal to the present value of future lease payments, and a corresponding asset, adjusted for certain items, is also recorded. Expense recognition for lessees will remain similar to current accounting requirements for capital and operating leases. The accounting applied by a lessor is largely unchanged from that applied under previous GAAP. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. Based on lease contracts in effect at January 1, 2019, the impact of implementation of the new leasing guidance was the recognition of a "right to use" asset (included in other assets) and a "lease liability" (included in other liabilities) of $72.0 million and there was no cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019. The Company elected to apply practical expedients related to the adoption of the new guidance including: not reassessing whether a contract includes an embedded lease at adoption; not reassessing the previously determined classification of a lease as operating or capital; not reassessing our previously recorded initial direct costs; election of an accounting policy that permits inclusion of both the lease and non-lease components as a single component and account for it as a lease; and election of an accounting policy to exclude lease accounting requirements for leases that have terms of less than twelve months. Refer to the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Litigation and Other Legal Proceedings - Leases and Certain Other Long-Term Commitments" for additional disclosures.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
In June 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. The new guidance replaces the incurred loss impairment methodology with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to form credit loss estimates. The guidance requires financial assets measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. The allowance for credit losses is a valuation account that is deducted from the amortized cost basis of the financial asset to present the net carrying value at the amount expected to be collected on the financial asset. Credit losses on available for sale debt securities are measured in a manner similar to current GAAP. However, the guidance requires that credit losses be presented as an allowance rather than as a writedown. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The impact of adoption, using the modified retrospective approach, was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 1, 2020
|
|
Amounts prior to effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
Effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
As adjusted
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
21,295.2
|
|
|
$
|
(2.1)
|
|
|
$
|
21,293.1
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
1,566.1
|
|
|
(6.7)
|
|
|
1,559.4
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities
|
1,188.6
|
|
|
(9.9)
|
|
|
1,178.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
432.6
|
|
|
4.9
|
|
|
437.5
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
4,785.7
|
|
|
(4.0)
|
|
|
4,781.7
|
|
Total assets
|
33,630.9
|
|
|
(17.8)
|
|
|
33,613.1
|
|
Retained earnings
|
535.7
|
|
|
(17.8)
|
|
|
517.9
|
|
Total shareholders' equity
|
4,677.0
|
|
|
(17.8)
|
|
|
4,659.2
|
|
In March 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to the premium amortization on purchased callable debt securities. The guidance shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the new guidance requires the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The guidance does not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount; the discount continues to be amortized to maturity. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. The guidance was applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of January 1, 2019. The impact of adoption was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 1, 2019
|
|
Amounts prior to effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
Effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
As adjusted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
18,447.7
|
|
|
$
|
(4.0)
|
|
|
$
|
18,443.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
630.0
|
|
|
.9
|
|
|
630.9
|
|
Total assets
|
31,439.8
|
|
|
(3.1)
|
|
|
31,436.7
|
|
Retained earnings
|
196.6
|
|
|
(3.1)
|
|
|
193.5
|
|
Total shareholders' equity
|
3,370.9
|
|
|
(3.1)
|
|
|
3,367.8
|
|
In January 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance that removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test under current guidance, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. The new guidance requires an impairment charge to be recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reported unit's fair value. Upon adoption, the guidance is to be applied prospectively. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
In August 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to derivatives and hedging. The new guidance expands and refines hedge accounting for both nonfinancial and financial risk components and aligns the recognition and presentation of the effects of the hedging instruments and the hedged item in the financial statements. The new guidance also includes certain targeted improvements to ease the application of current guidance related to the assessment of hedge effectiveness. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2019. Based on the Company's current use of derivatives and hedging activities, the adoption of this guidance had no impact on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2018, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to changes to the disclosure requirements for fair value measurement. The new guidance removes, modifies and adds certain disclosure requirements. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The adoption of such guidance impacted certain fair value disclosures, but did not impact our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In May 2014, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for recognizing revenue from contracts with customers. Certain contracts with customers are specifically excluded from this guidance, including insurance contracts. The core principle of the new guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue when it transfers promised goods or services in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The guidance also requires additional disclosures about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The adoption of this new guidance impacted the timing of certain revenues and expenses between quarters of a calendar year for various distribution and marketing agreements with other insurance companies pursuant to which Bankers Life's exclusive agents distribute third party products including prescription drug and Medicare Advantage plans. See "Accounting for Certain Marketing Agreements" above, for a description of our accounting under this standard. Furthermore, we recognized distribution expenses in the same period that the associated fee revenue was earned.
In January 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to the recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities which made targeted improvements to GAAP as follows:
(i) Require equity investments (except those accounted for under the equity method of accounting or those that result in consolidation of the investee) to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income. However, an entity may choose to measure equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values at cost minus impairment, if any, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for the identical or a similar investment of the same issuer.
(ii) Simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment. When a qualitative assessment indicates that impairment exists, an entity is required to measure the investment at fair value.
(iii) Eliminate the requirement for public business entities to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet.
(iv) Require public business entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes.
(v) Require an entity to present separately in other comprehensive income the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments.
(vi) Require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements.
(vii) Clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available for sale securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. Accordingly, the Company recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of January 1, 2018, related to certain equity investments that are measured at fair value. The impact of adoption was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 1, 2018
|
|
Amounts prior to effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
Effect of adoption of authoritative guidance
|
|
As adjusted
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
$
|
1,212.1
|
|
|
$
|
(16.3)
|
|
|
$
|
1,195.8
|
|
Retained earnings
|
560.4
|
|
|
16.3
|
|
|
576.7
|
|
Total shareholders' equity
|
4,847.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,847.5
|
|
In August 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The guidance addresses eight specific cash flow issues including debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, distributions received from equity method investees, and others. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance resulted in reclassifications to certain cash receipts and payments within our consolidated statement of cash flows, but had no impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In November 2016, the FASB issued authoritative guidance to address the diversity in practice that currently exists regarding the classification and presentation of changes in restricted cash on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. Entities are also required to disclose information about the nature of their restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. Additionally, if cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are presented in more than one line item in the statement of financial position, entities will be required to present a reconciliation, either on the face of the statement of cash flows or disclosed in the notes, of the totals in the statement of cash flows to the related line item captions in the statement of financial position. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The adoption of this guidance impacted the presentation of our consolidated statement of cash flows and related cash flow disclosures, but did not have an impact on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In May 2017, the FASB issued authoritative guidance related to which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based award require an entity to apply modification accounting. The guidance was effective for the Company for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. The guidance is to be applied prospectively to an award modified on or after the adoption date. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact to the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
3. INVESTMENTS
At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains, gross unrealized losses, allowance for credit losses and estimated fair value of fixed maturities, available for sale, were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Gross
unrealized
gains
|
|
Gross
unrealized
losses
|
|
Allowance for credit losses
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
Investment grade (a):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
11,243.2
|
|
|
$
|
2,638.9
|
|
|
$
|
(3.4)
|
|
|
$
|
(.2)
|
|
|
$
|
13,878.5
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
163.8
|
|
|
71.9
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
235.5
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
2,284.1
|
|
|
358.9
|
|
|
(1.3)
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
|
2,641.5
|
|
Foreign governments
|
82.2
|
|
|
20.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
102.6
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
935.0
|
|
|
42.9
|
|
|
(4.4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
973.5
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
52.7
|
|
|
5.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
58.4
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
921.0
|
|
|
45.4
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
966.0
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
461.9
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
(3.6)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
458.9
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
1,783.9
|
|
|
114.4
|
|
|
(6.9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,891.4
|
|
Total investment grade fixed maturities, available for sale
|
17,927.8
|
|
|
3,299.1
|
|
|
(20.2)
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
21,206.3
|
|
Below-investment grade (a) (b):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
811.5
|
|
|
57.4
|
|
|
(6.5)
|
|
|
(1.7)
|
|
|
860.7
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
12.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
12.4
|
|
Foreign governments
|
.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.2
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
89.4
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
|
(3.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
88.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
992.5
|
|
|
135.8
|
|
|
(1.7)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,126.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
87.2
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
88.8
|
|
Total below-investment grade fixed maturities, available for sale
|
1,993.3
|
|
|
197.4
|
|
|
(11.6)
|
|
|
(1.8)
|
|
|
2,177.3
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
19,921.1
|
|
|
$
|
3,496.5
|
|
|
$
|
(31.8)
|
|
|
$
|
(2.2)
|
|
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
_______________
(a)Investment ratings are assigned the second lowest rating by Nationally Recognized Statistical Rating Organizations ("NRSROs") (Moody's Investor Services, Inc. ("Moody's"), S&P Global Ratings ("S&P") or Fitch Ratings ("Fitch")), or if not rated by such firms, the rating assigned by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (the "NAIC"). NAIC designations of "1" or "2" include fixed maturities generally rated investment grade (rated "Baa3" or higher by Moody's or rated "BBB-" or higher by S&P and Fitch). NAIC designations of "3" through "6" are referred to as below-investment grade (which generally are rated "Ba1" or lower by Moody's or rated "BB+" or lower by S&P and Fitch). References to investment grade or below-investment grade throughout our consolidated financial statements are determined as described above.
(b)Certain structured securities rated below-investment grade by NRSROs may be assigned a NAIC 1 or NAIC 2 designation based on the cost basis of the security relative to estimated recoverable amounts as determined by the NAIC. Refer to the table below for a summary of our fixed maturity securities, available for sale, by NAIC designations.
The NAIC evaluates the fixed maturity investments of insurers for regulatory and capital assessment purposes and assigns securities to one of six credit quality categories called NAIC designations, which are used by insurers when preparing their annual statements based on statutory accounting principles. The NAIC designations are generally similar to the credit quality designations of the NRSROs for marketable fixed maturity securities, except for certain structured securities. However,
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
certain structured securities rated below investment grade by the NRSROs can be assigned NAIC 1 or NAIC 2 designations depending on the cost basis of the holding relative to estimated recoverable amounts as determined by the NAIC. The following summarizes the NAIC designations and NRSRO equivalent ratings:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAIC Designation
|
|
NRSRO Equivalent Rating
|
1
|
|
AAA/AA/A
|
2
|
|
BBB
|
3
|
|
BB
|
4
|
|
B
|
5
|
|
CCC and lower
|
6
|
|
In or near default
|
A summary of our fixed maturity securities, available for sale, by NAIC designations (or for fixed maturity securities held by non-regulated entities, based on NRSRO ratings) as of December 31, 2020 is as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NAIC designation
|
|
Amortized cost
|
|
Estimated fair value
|
|
Percentage of total estimated fair value
|
1
|
|
$
|
10,512.8
|
|
|
$
|
12,262.4
|
|
|
52.4
|
%
|
2
|
|
8,267.9
|
|
|
9,915.0
|
|
|
42.4
|
|
Total NAIC 1 and 2 (investment grade)
|
|
18,780.7
|
|
|
22,177.4
|
|
|
94.8
|
|
3
|
|
845.8
|
|
|
908.4
|
|
|
3.9
|
|
4
|
|
272.7
|
|
|
276.5
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
5
|
|
20.9
|
|
|
21.3
|
|
|
.1
|
|
6
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total NAIC 3,4,5 and 6 (below-investment grade)
|
|
1,140.4
|
|
|
1,206.2
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
|
|
$
|
19,921.1
|
|
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
|
100.0
|
%
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
At December 31, 2019, the amortized cost, gross unrealized gains and losses, estimated fair value and other-than-temporary impairments in accumulated other comprehensive income of fixed maturities, available for sale, were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Gross
unrealized
gains
|
|
Gross
unrealized
losses
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
|
Other-than-temporary impairments included in accumulated other comprehensive income
|
Investment grade:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
10,802.6
|
|
|
$
|
1,516.0
|
|
|
$
|
(8.7)
|
|
|
$
|
12,309.9
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
161.4
|
|
|
43.3
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
204.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
2,002.1
|
|
|
246.1
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
|
2,246.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
Foreign governments
|
82.6
|
|
|
13.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
95.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
1,289.0
|
|
|
35.7
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
1,323.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
89.2
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
95.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
768.2
|
|
|
23.3
|
|
|
(.9)
|
|
|
790.6
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
404.1
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
(3.4)
|
|
|
400.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
1,732.2
|
|
|
72.3
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
1,803.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total investment grade fixed maturities, available for sale
|
17,331.4
|
|
|
1,955.6
|
|
|
(16.6)
|
|
|
19,270.4
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
Below-investment grade:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
600.9
|
|
|
28.1
|
|
|
(3.6)
|
|
|
625.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
63.9
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
(.8)
|
|
|
64.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
1,102.8
|
|
|
149.0
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
1,251.7
|
|
|
(0.1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
80.5
|
|
|
3.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
83.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total below-investment grade fixed maturities, available for sale
|
1,848.1
|
|
|
181.2
|
|
|
(4.5)
|
|
|
2,024.8
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
19,179.5
|
|
|
$
|
2,136.8
|
|
|
$
|
(21.1)
|
|
|
$
|
21,295.2
|
|
|
$
|
(.3)
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Accumulated other comprehensive income is primarily comprised of the net effect of unrealized appreciation (depreciation) on our investments. These amounts, included in shareholders' equity as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Net unrealized appreciation on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, on which an other-than-temporary impairment loss has been recognized
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1.1
|
|
Net unrealized gains on all other fixed maturity securities, available for sale
|
—
|
|
|
2,095.3
|
|
Net unrealized gains on investments having no allowance for credit losses
|
3,466.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Unrealized losses on investments with an allowance for credit losses
|
(10.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Adjustment to present value of future profits (a)
|
(10.2)
|
|
|
(18.9)
|
|
Adjustment to deferred acquisition costs
|
(458.0)
|
|
|
(227.9)
|
|
Adjustment to insurance liabilities
|
(197.5)
|
|
|
(96.5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deferred income tax liabilities
|
(604.5)
|
|
|
(380.6)
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
$
|
2,186.1
|
|
|
$
|
1,372.5
|
|
________
(a)The present value of future profits is the value assigned to the right to receive future cash flows from contracts existing at September 10, 2003, the date our Predecessor emerged from bankruptcy.
At December 31, 2020, adjustments to the present value of future profits, deferred acquisition costs, insurance liabilities and deferred tax assets included $(8.6) million, $(133.4) million, $(197.5) million and $73.7 million, respectively, for premium deficiencies that would exist on certain blocks of business if unrealized gains on the assets backing such products had been realized and the proceeds from the sales of such assets were invested at then current yields.
At December 31, 2019, adjustments to the present value of future profits, deferred acquisition costs, insurance liabilities and deferred tax assets included $(12.2) million, $(26.8) million, $(96.5) million and $29.4 million, respectively, for premium deficiencies that would exist on certain blocks of business if unrealized gains on the assets backing such products had been realized and the proceeds from the sales of such assets were invested at then current yields.
Below-Investment Grade Securities
At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost of the Company's below-investment grade fixed maturity securities, available for sale, was $1,993.3 million, or 10 percent of the Company's fixed maturity portfolio (or $1,140.4 million, or 6 percent, of the Company's fixed maturity portfolio measured based on credit quality ratings assigned by the NAIC). The estimated fair value of the below-investment grade portfolio was $2,177.3 million, or 109 percent of the amortized cost.
Below-investment grade corporate debt securities typically have different characteristics than investment grade corporate debt securities. Based on historical performance, probability of default by the borrower is significantly greater for below-investment grade corporate debt securities and in many cases severity of loss is relatively greater as such securities are generally unsecured and often subordinated to other indebtedness of the issuer. Also, issuers of below-investment grade corporate debt securities frequently have higher levels of debt relative to investment-grade issuers, hence, all other things being equal, are generally more sensitive to adverse economic conditions. The Company attempts to reduce the overall risk related to its investment in below-investment grade securities, as in all investments, through careful credit analysis, strict investment policy guidelines, and diversification by issuer and/or guarantor and by industry.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Contractual Maturity
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of fixed maturities, available for sale, at December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Structured securities (such as asset-backed securities, agency residential mortgage-backed securities, non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities, collectively referred to as "structured securities") frequently include provisions for periodic principal payments and permit periodic unscheduled payments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
Due in one year or less
|
$
|
388.7
|
|
|
$
|
396.4
|
|
Due after one year through five years
|
987.4
|
|
|
1,052.9
|
|
Due after five years through ten years
|
1,540.4
|
|
|
1,715.6
|
|
Due after ten years
|
11,681.0
|
|
|
14,566.5
|
|
Subtotal
|
14,597.5
|
|
|
17,731.4
|
|
Structured securities
|
5,323.6
|
|
|
5,652.2
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
$
|
19,921.1
|
|
|
$
|
23,383.6
|
|
Net Investment Income
Net investment income consisted of the following (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
General account assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities
|
$
|
924.8
|
|
|
$
|
952.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,100.3
|
|
Equity securities
|
3.0
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
|
22.8
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
79.5
|
|
|
77.1
|
|
|
82.0
|
|
Policy loans
|
8.5
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
Other invested assets
|
84.0
|
|
|
65.3
|
|
|
72.0
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
2.6
|
|
|
13.3
|
|
|
10.9
|
|
Policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading securities
|
28.1
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
Options related to fixed index products:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Option income (loss)
|
35.0
|
|
|
(21.2)
|
|
|
122.3
|
|
Change in value of options
|
4.5
|
|
|
173.1
|
|
|
(165.3)
|
|
Other special-purpose portfolios
|
75.9
|
|
|
104.1
|
|
|
68.2
|
|
Gross investment income
|
1,245.9
|
|
|
1,384.5
|
|
|
1,329.7
|
|
Less investment expenses
|
23.4
|
|
|
21.6
|
|
|
23.5
|
|
Net investment income
|
$
|
1,222.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,362.9
|
|
|
$
|
1,306.2
|
|
At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost and carrying value of fixed maturities that were non-income producing during 2020 totaled $1.0 million and nil, respectively.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Net Realized Investment Gains (Losses)
The following table sets forth the net realized investment gains (losses) for the periods indicated (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Fixed maturity securities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross realized gains on sale
|
$
|
48.6
|
|
|
$
|
86.5
|
|
|
$
|
65.7
|
|
Gross realized losses on sale
|
(53.7)
|
|
|
(55.5)
|
|
|
(65.8)
|
|
Change in allowance for credit losses and other-than-temporary impairment losses (a)
|
(8.2)
|
|
|
(9.4)
|
|
|
(.5)
|
|
Net realized investment gains (losses) from fixed maturities
|
(13.3)
|
|
|
21.6
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
Equity securities, including change in fair value (b)
|
(5.1)
|
|
|
11.9
|
|
|
(38.2)
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
(1.9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.3)
|
|
Change in allowance for credit losses and impairments of other investments (c)
|
(10.3)
|
|
|
(3.0)
|
|
|
(2.1)
|
|
Loss on dissolution of variable interest entities
|
—
|
|
|
(5.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other (d) (e)
|
(5.6)
|
|
|
2.8
|
|
|
30.9
|
|
Net realized investment gains (losses) before net realized gains on the transfer of assets related to reinsurance transaction
|
(36.2)
|
|
|
28.2
|
|
|
(11.3)
|
|
Net realized gains on the transfer of assets related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
363.4
|
|
Net realized investment gains (losses)
|
$
|
(36.2)
|
|
|
$
|
28.2
|
|
|
$
|
352.1
|
|
_________________
(a) No portion of the other-than-temporary impairments recognized in 2019 and 2018 was included in accumulated other comprehensive income.
(b) Changes in the estimated fair value of equity securities (and are still held as of the end of the respective years) were $(1.7) million, $3.7 million and $(29.7) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(c) The change in allowance for credit losses in 2020 includes $(5.2) million related to investments held by VIEs.
(d) Changes in the estimated fair value of trading securities that we have elected the fair value option (and are still held as of the end of the respective years) were $0.4 million, $8.3 million and $(2.2) million for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
(e) In April 2016, the Company announced that it had invested in a non-controlling minority interest in Tennenbaum Capital Partners, LLC ("TCP"), a Los Angeles-based investment management firm. In August 2018, Blackrock, Inc. announced the completion of its acquisition of TCP. The sale of our interest in TCP resulted in a significant portion of the net realized gains in 2018.
During 2020, we recognized net realized investment losses of $36.2 million, which were comprised of: (i) $15.1 million of net losses from the sales of investments; (ii) $5.1 million of losses related to equity securities, including the change in fair value; (iii) the decrease in fair value of certain fixed maturity investments with embedded derivatives of $0.1 million; (iv) the increase in fair value of embedded derivatives related to a modified coinsurance agreement of $2.6 million; and (v) an increase in the allowance for credit losses and other-than-temporary impairment losses of $18.5 million.
During 2019, we recognized net realized investment gains of $28.2 million, which were comprised of: (i) $20.2 million of net gains from the sales of investments; (ii) $5.1 million of losses on the dissolution of a VIE; (iii) $11.9 million of gains related to equity securities, including the change in fair value; (iv) the increase in fair value of certain fixed maturity investments with embedded derivatives of $8.3 million; (v) the increase in fair value of embedded derivatives related to a modified coinsurance agreement of $5.3 million; and (vi) $12.4 million of writedowns of investments for other than temporary declines in fair value recognized through net income.
During 2019, a VIE that was required to be consolidated was dissolved. We recognized a loss of $5.1 million in 2019 representing the difference between the borrowings of such VIE and the contractual distributions required following the liquidation of the underlying assets.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
During 2018, we recognized net realized investment gains of $352.1 million, which were comprised of: (i) $40.1 million of net gains from the sales of investments; (ii) $363.4 million of gains on the transfer of assets (substantially all of which were fixed maturities) related to a reinsurance transaction; (iii) $38.2 million of losses related to equity securities, including the change in fair value; (iv) the decrease in fair value of certain fixed maturity investments with embedded derivatives of $5.5 million; (v) the decrease in fair value of embedded derivatives related to a modified coinsurance agreement of $5.1 million; and (vi) $2.6 million of writedowns of investments for other than temporary declines in fair value recognized through net income.
At December 31, 2020, there were no fixed maturity investments in default.
During 2020, the $53.7 million of realized losses on sales of $507.1 million of fixed maturity securities, available for sale, included: (i) $16.2 million related to various corporate securities; (ii) $26.1 million related to commercial mortgage-backed securities; (iii) $9.6 million related to asset-backed securities; and (iv) $1.8 million related to various other investments. Securities are generally sold at a loss following unforeseen issuer-specific events or conditions or shifts in perceived relative values. These reasons include but are not limited to: (i) changes in the investment environment; (ii) expectation that the market value could deteriorate; (iii) our desire to reduce our exposure to an asset class, an issuer or an industry; (iv) prospective or actual changes in credit quality; or (v) changes in expected portfolio cash flows.
During 2019, the $55.5 million of realized losses on sales of $971.2 million of fixed maturity securities, available for sale included: (i) $48.1 million related to various corporate securities; (ii) $5.4 million related to collateralized loan obligations; and (iii) $2.0 million related to various other investments.
During 2019, we recognized $12.4 million of impairment losses recorded in earnings which included: (i) $9.4 million related to corporate securities due to issuer specific events; and (ii) $3.0 million related to commercial bank loans held by the VIEs.
During 2018, the $65.8 million of realized losses on sales of $1,295.8 million of fixed maturity securities, available for sale, included: (i) $54.0 million related to various corporate securities; (ii) $4.1 million related to commercial mortgage-backed securities; (iii) $4.1 million related to asset-backed securities; and (iv) $3.6 million related to various other investments.
During 2018, we recognized $2.6 million of impairment losses recorded in earnings which included: (i) $2.1 million related to a mortgage loan due to issuer specific events; and (ii) $0.5 million related to a corporate security.
Our fixed maturity investments are generally purchased in the context of various long-term strategies, including funding insurance liabilities, so we do not generally seek to generate short-term realized gains through the purchase and sale of such securities. In certain circumstances, including those in which securities are selling at prices which exceed our view of their underlying economic value, or when it is possible to reinvest the proceeds to better meet our long-term asset-liability objectives, we may sell certain securities.
The following summarizes the investments sold at a loss during 2020 which had been continuously in an unrealized loss position exceeding 20 percent of the amortized cost basis prior to the sale for the period indicated (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At date of sale
|
|
Number
of issuers
|
|
Amortized cost
|
|
Fair value
|
Less than 6 months prior to sale
|
18
|
|
$
|
51.6
|
|
|
$
|
36.6
|
|
Greater than or equal to 6 months and less than 12 months prior to sale
|
1
|
|
3.1
|
|
|
1.9
|
|
Greater than 12 months prior to sale
|
1
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
20
|
|
$
|
55.8
|
|
|
$
|
38.5
|
|
Prior to January 1, 2020, we regularly evaluated all of our investments with unrealized losses for possible impairment. Our assessment of whether unrealized losses were "other than temporary" required significant judgment. Factors
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
considered included: (i) the extent to which fair value is less than the cost basis; (ii) the length of time that the fair value had been less than cost; (iii) whether the unrealized loss was event driven, credit-driven or a result of changes in market interest rates or risk premium; (iv) the near-term prospects for specific events, developments or circumstances likely to affect the value of the investment; (v) the investment's rating and whether the investment was investment-grade and/or has been downgraded since its purchase; (vi) whether the issuer was current on all payments in accordance with the contractual terms of the investment and was expected to meet all of its obligations under the terms of the investment; (vii) whether we intended to sell the investment or it was more likely than not that circumstances would require us to sell the investment before recovery occurs; (viii) the underlying current and prospective asset and enterprise values of the issuer and the extent to which the recoverability of the carrying value of our investment would be affected by changes in such values; (ix) projections of, and unfavorable changes in, cash flows on structured securities including mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities; (x) our best estimate of the value of any collateral; and (xi) other objective and subjective factors.
The manner in which impairment losses on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, were recognized in the financial statements was dependent on the facts and circumstances related to the specific security. If we intended to sell a security or it was more likely than not that we would be required to sell a security before the recovery of its amortized cost, the security was other-than-temporarily impaired and the full amount of the impairment was recognized as a loss through earnings. If we did not expect to recover the amortized cost basis, we did not plan to sell the security, and if it was not more likely than not that we would be required to sell a security before the recovery of its amortized cost, less any current period credit loss, the recognition of the other-than-temporary impairment was bifurcated. We recognized the credit loss portion in net income and the noncredit loss portion in accumulated other comprehensive income.
We estimated the amount of the credit loss component of a fixed maturity security impairment as the difference between amortized cost and the present value of the expected cash flows of the security. The present value was determined using the best estimate of future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate implicit to the security at the date of purchase or the current yield to accrete an asset-backed or floating-rate security. The methodology and assumptions for establishing the best estimate of future cash flows varied depending on the type of security.
For most structured securities, cash flow estimates were based on bond-specific facts and circumstances that included collateral characteristics, expectations of delinquency and default rates, loss severity, prepayment speeds and structural support, including overcollateralization, excess spread, subordination and guarantees. For corporate bonds, cash flow estimates were derived from scenario-based outcomes of expected corporate restructurings or the disposition of assets using bond-specific facts and circumstances. The previous amortized cost basis less the impairment recognized in net income became the security's new cost basis. We accreted the new cost basis to the estimated future cash flows over the expected remaining life of the security, except when the security was in default or considered nonperforming.
The remaining noncredit impairment, which was recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income, was the difference between the security's estimated fair value and our best estimate of future cash flows discounted at the effective interest rate prior to impairment. The remaining noncredit impairment typically represented changes in the market interest rates, current market liquidity and risk premiums.
Future events may occur, or additional information may become available, which may necessitate future realized losses in our portfolio. Significant losses could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements in future periods.
Mortgage loans were impaired when it was probable that we would not collect the contractual principal and interest on the loan. We measured impairment based upon the difference between the carrying value of the loan and the estimated fair value of the collateral securing the loan less cost to sell.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table summarizes the amount of credit losses recognized in earnings on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, held at the beginning of the period, for which a portion of the other-than-temporary impairment was also recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended
|
|
December 31,
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Credit losses on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, beginning of period
|
$
|
(.2)
|
|
|
$
|
(2.8)
|
|
Add: credit losses on other-than-temporary impairments not previously recognized
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Less: credit losses on securities sold
|
—
|
|
|
2.6
|
|
Less: credit losses on securities impaired due to intent to sell (a)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Add: credit losses on previously impaired securities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Less: increases in cash flows expected on previously impaired securities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Credit losses on fixed maturity securities, available for sale, end of period
|
$
|
(.2)
|
|
|
$
|
(.2)
|
|
__________
(a)Represents securities for which the amount previously recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income was recognized in earnings because we intend to sell the security or we more likely than not will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis.
Investments with Unrealized Losses
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of those fixed maturities, available for sale, with unrealized losses at December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties. Structured securities frequently include provisions for periodic principal payments and permit periodic unscheduled payments.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
Due in one year or less
|
$
|
8.0
|
|
|
$
|
8.0
|
|
Due after one year through five years
|
51.7
|
|
|
50.4
|
|
Due after five years through ten years
|
86.4
|
|
|
84.8
|
|
Due after ten years
|
181.3
|
|
|
170.6
|
|
Subtotal
|
327.4
|
|
|
313.8
|
|
Structured securities
|
1,088.3
|
|
|
1,067.9
|
|
Total
|
$
|
1,415.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,381.7
|
|
The following summarizes the investments in our portfolio rated below-investment grade which have been continuously in an unrealized loss position exceeding 20 percent of the cost basis for the period indicated as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number
of issuers
|
|
Cost
basis
|
|
Unrealized
loss
|
|
Estimated
fair value
|
Less than 6 months
|
1
|
|
$
|
14.1
|
|
|
$
|
(2.9)
|
|
|
$
|
11.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our investments with unrealized losses for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded, aggregated by investment category and length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 months
|
|
12 months or greater
|
|
Total
|
Description of securities
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
Corporate securities
|
|
$
|
110.0
|
|
|
$
|
(2.6)
|
|
|
$
|
5.6
|
|
|
$
|
(.2)
|
|
|
$
|
115.6
|
|
|
$
|
(2.8)
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
|
17.9
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
17.9
|
|
|
(.2)
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
|
146.9
|
|
|
(4.1)
|
|
|
26.0
|
|
|
(3.3)
|
|
|
172.9
|
|
|
(7.4)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
173.2
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
|
42.2
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
|
215.4
|
|
|
(2.1)
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
|
151.4
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
|
178.7
|
|
|
(2.1)
|
|
|
330.1
|
|
|
(3.6)
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
|
277.0
|
|
|
(6.3)
|
|
|
72.3
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
349.3
|
|
|
(7.3)
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
|
$
|
885.0
|
|
|
$
|
(16.3)
|
|
|
$
|
324.8
|
|
|
$
|
(7.2)
|
|
|
$
|
1,209.8
|
|
|
$
|
(23.5)
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses and fair values of our investments with unrealized losses that are not deemed to be other-than-temporarily impaired, aggregated by investment category and length of time that such securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position, at December 31, 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 12 months
|
|
12 months or greater
|
|
Total
|
Description of securities
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
|
Fair
value
|
|
Unrealized
losses
|
Corporate securities
|
|
$
|
305.5
|
|
|
$
|
(6.6)
|
|
|
$
|
96.8
|
|
|
$
|
(5.7)
|
|
|
$
|
402.3
|
|
|
$
|
(12.3)
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
|
7.0
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.5
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
|
110.1
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
110.1
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
Foreign governments
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
|
75.7
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
45.5
|
|
|
(1.4)
|
|
|
121.2
|
|
|
(1.8)
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
8.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
137.4
|
|
|
(.7)
|
|
|
67.2
|
|
|
(.3)
|
|
|
204.6
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
|
220.7
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
115.4
|
|
|
(2.3)
|
|
|
336.1
|
|
|
(3.4)
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
|
394.2
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
12.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
407.0
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
|
$
|
1,262.8
|
|
|
$
|
(11.4)
|
|
|
$
|
341.2
|
|
|
$
|
(9.7)
|
|
|
$
|
1,604.0
|
|
|
$
|
(21.1)
|
|
Based on management's current assessment of investments with unrealized losses at December 31, 2020, the Company believes the issuers of the securities will continue to meet their obligations. While we do not have the intent to sell securities with unrealized losses and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell securities with unrealized losses prior to their anticipated recovery, our intent on an individual security may change, based upon market or other unforeseen developments. In such instances, if a loss is recognized from a sale subsequent to a balance sheet date due to these unexpected developments, the loss is recognized in the period in which we had the intent to sell the security before its anticipated recovery.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for credit losses related to fixed maturities, available for sale, for the year ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
|
Foreign governments
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
|
Total
|
Allowance at January 1, 2020
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2.1
|
|
Additions for securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
|
23.6
|
|
|
.7
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
.3
|
|
|
25.7
|
|
Additions for purchased securities with deteriorated credit
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Additions (reductions) for securities where an allowance was previously recorded
|
(22.3)
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
(.3)
|
|
|
(24.1)
|
|
Reduction for securities sold during the period
|
(1.5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.5)
|
|
Reduction for securities for which the Company made the decision to sell where an allowance was previously recorded
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Write-offs
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Recoveries of previously written-off amount
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Allowance at December 31, 2020
|
$
|
1.9
|
|
|
$
|
.3
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
2.2
|
|
Structured Securities
At December 31, 2020, fixed maturity investments included structured securities with an estimated fair value of $5.7 billion (or 24.2 percent of all fixed maturity securities). The yield characteristics of structured securities generally differ in some respects from those of traditional corporate fixed-income securities or government securities. For example, interest and principal payments on structured securities may occur more frequently, often monthly. In many instances, we are subject to variability in the amount and timing of principal and interest payments. For example, in many cases, partial prepayments may occur at the option of the issuer and prepayment rates are influenced by a number of factors that cannot be predicted with certainty, including: the relative sensitivity of prepayments on the underlying assets backing the security to changes in interest rates and asset values; the availability of alternative financing; a variety of economic, geographic and other factors; the timing, pace and proceeds of liquidations of defaulted collateral; and various security-specific structural considerations (for example, the repayment priority of a given security in a securitization structure). In addition, the total amount of payments for non-agency structured securities may be affected by changes to cumulative default rates or loss severities of the related collateral.
Historically, the rate of prepayments on structured securities has tended to increase when prevailing interest rates have declined significantly in absolute terms and also relative to the interest rates on the underlying collateral. The yields recognized on structured securities purchased at a discount to par will generally increase (relative to the stated rate) when the underlying collateral prepays faster than expected. The yields recognized on structured securities purchased at a premium will decrease (relative to the stated rate) when the underlying collateral prepays faster than expected. When interest rates decline, the proceeds from prepayments may be reinvested at lower rates than we were earning on the prepaid securities. When interest rates increase, prepayments may decrease below expected levels. When this occurs, the average maturity and duration of structured securities increases, decreasing the yield on structured securities purchased at discounts and increasing the yield on those purchased at a premium because of a decrease in the annual amortization of premium.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
For structured securities included in fixed maturities, available for sale, that were purchased at a discount or premium, we recognize investment income using an effective yield based on anticipated future prepayments and the estimated final maturity of the securities. Actual prepayment experience is periodically reviewed and effective yields are recalculated when differences arise between the prepayments originally anticipated and the actual prepayments received and currently anticipated. For credit sensitive mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities, and for securities that can be prepaid or settled in a way that we would not recover substantially all of our investment, the effective yield is recalculated on a prospective basis. Under this method, the amortized cost basis in the security is not immediately adjusted and a new yield is applied prospectively. For all other structured and asset-backed securities, the effective yield is recalculated when changes in assumptions are made, and reflected in our income on a retrospective basis. Under this method, the amortized cost basis of the investment in the securities is adjusted to the amount that would have existed had the new effective yield been applied since the acquisition of the securities. Such adjustments were not significant in 2020.
For purchased credit impaired securities, at acquisition, the difference between the undiscounted expected future cash flows and the recorded investment in the securities represents the initial accretable yield, which is accreted into net investment income over the securities’ remaining lives on a level-yield basis. Subsequently, effective yields recognized on purchased credit impaired securities are recalculated and adjusted prospectively to reflect changes in the contractual benchmark interest rates on variable rate securities and any significant increases in undiscounted expected future cash flows arising due to reasons other than interest rate changes. Significant decreases in expected cash flows arising from credit events would result in impairment if such security's fair value is below amortized cost.
The amortized cost and estimated fair value of structured securities at December 31, 2020, summarized by type of security, were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair value
|
Type
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Amount
|
|
Percent
of fixed
maturities
|
Asset-backed securities
|
$
|
1,024.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,062.1
|
|
|
4.5
|
%
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
52.7
|
|
|
58.4
|
|
|
.3
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
1,913.5
|
|
|
2,092.6
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
461.9
|
|
|
458.9
|
|
|
2.0
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
1,871.1
|
|
|
1,980.2
|
|
|
8.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total structured securities
|
$
|
5,323.6
|
|
|
$
|
5,652.2
|
|
|
24.2
|
%
|
Residential mortgage-backed securities ("RMBS") include transactions collateralized by agency-guaranteed and non-agency mortgage obligations. Non-agency RMBS investments are primarily categorized by underlying borrower credit quality: Prime, Alt-A, Non-Qualified Mortgage ("Non-QM"), and Subprime. Prime borrowers typically default with the lowest frequency, Alt-A and Non-QM default at higher rates, and Subprime borrowers default with the highest frequency. In addition to borrower credit categories, RMBS investments include Re-Performing Loan ("RPL") and Credit Risk Transfer ("CRT") transactions. RPL transactions include borrowers with prior difficulty meeting the original mortgage terms and were subsequently modified, resulting in a sustainable payback arrangement. CRT securities are collateralized by Government-Sponsored Enterprise ("GSE") conforming mortgages and Prime borrowers, but without an agency guarantee against default losses.
Commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") are secured by commercial real estate mortgages, generally income producing properties that are managed for profit. Property types include multi-family dwellings including apartments, retail centers, hotels, restaurants, hospitals, nursing homes, warehouses, and office buildings. While most CMBS have call protection features whereby underlying borrowers may not prepay their mortgages for stated periods of time without incurring prepayment penalties, recoveries on defaulted collateral may result in involuntary prepayments.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Mortgage Loans
Mortgage loans are carried at amortized unpaid balance, net of allowance for estimated credit losses. Interest income is accrued on the principal amount of the loan based on the loan's contractual interest rate. Payment terms specified for mortgage loans may include a prepayment penalty for unscheduled payoff of the investment. Prepayment penalties are recognized as investment income when received.
The allowance for estimated credit losses is measured using a loss-rate method on an individual asset basis. Inputs used include asset-specific characteristics, current economic conditions, historical loss information and reasonable and supportable forecasts about future economic conditions.
At December 31, 2020, the mortgage loan balance was primarily comprised of commercial mortgage loans. Approximately 14 percent, 10 percent, 8 percent and 7 percent of the commercial mortgage loan balance were on properties located in California, Texas, Maryland and Wisconsin, respectively. No other state comprised greater than six percent of the commercial mortgage loan balance. At December 31, 2020, there were no commercial mortgage loans in process of foreclosure. At December 31, 2020, we held residential mortgage loan investments with a carrying value of $84.8 million and a fair value of $84.9 million. At December 31, 2020, there were 19 residential mortgage loans that were noncurrent with a carrying value of $6.1 million (of which, 15 such loans with a carrying value of $5.1 million were in forbearance and 3 loans with a carrying value of $0.5 million were in foreclosure). There were no other mortgage loans that were noncurrent at December 31, 2020.
The following table provides the amortized cost by year of origination and estimated fair value of our outstanding commercial mortgage loans and the underlying collateral as of December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated fair
value
|
Loan-to-value ratio (a)
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
2017
|
|
2016
|
|
Prior
|
|
Total amortized cost
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
|
Collateral
|
Less than 60%
|
$
|
29.0
|
|
|
$
|
81.5
|
|
|
$
|
139.7
|
|
|
$
|
84.1
|
|
|
$
|
76.7
|
|
|
$
|
608.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,019.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,074.4
|
|
|
$
|
2,899.3
|
|
60% to less than 70%
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
8.6
|
|
|
10.8
|
|
|
19.4
|
|
|
72.7
|
|
|
118.8
|
|
|
121.7
|
|
|
182.0
|
|
70% to less than 80%
|
18.8
|
|
|
12.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
43.1
|
|
|
74.1
|
|
|
73.8
|
|
|
101.0
|
|
80% to less than 90%
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
63.8
|
|
|
63.8
|
|
|
61.2
|
|
|
76.5
|
|
90% or greater
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.0
|
|
|
8.8
|
|
|
10.7
|
|
Total
|
$
|
47.8
|
|
|
$
|
101.0
|
|
|
$
|
148.3
|
|
|
$
|
94.9
|
|
|
$
|
106.1
|
|
|
$
|
787.6
|
|
|
$
|
1,285.7
|
|
|
$
|
1,339.9
|
|
|
$
|
3,269.5
|
|
________________
(a)Loan-to-value ratios are calculated as the ratio of: (i) the amortized cost of the commercial mortgage loans; to (ii) the estimated fair value of the underlying collateral.
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for credit losses related to mortgage loans for the year ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
Allowance for credit losses at January 1, 2020
|
|
$
|
6.7
|
|
Current period provision for expected credit losses
|
|
5.1
|
|
Initial allowance recognized for purchased financial assets with credit deterioration
|
|
—
|
|
Write-offs charged against the allowance
|
|
—
|
|
Recoveries of amounts previously written off
|
|
—
|
|
Allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2020
|
|
$
|
11.8
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Other Investment Disclosures
Life insurance companies are required to maintain certain investments on deposit with state regulatory authorities. Such assets had aggregate carrying values of $40.1 million and $39.6 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
The Company had no fixed maturity investments that were in excess of 10 percent of shareholders' equity at December 31, 2020 and 2019.
4. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date and, therefore, represents an exit price, not an entry price. We carry certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis, including fixed maturities, equity securities, trading securities, investments held by VIEs, derivatives, separate account assets and embedded derivatives. We carry our COLI, which is invested in a series of mutual funds, at its cash surrender value which approximates fair value. In addition, we disclose fair value for certain financial instruments, including mortgage loans, policy loans, cash and cash equivalents, insurance liabilities for interest-sensitive products, investment borrowings, notes payable and borrowings related to VIEs.
The degree of judgment utilized in measuring the fair value of financial instruments is largely dependent on the level to which pricing is based on observable inputs. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect our view of market assumptions in the absence of observable market information. Financial instruments with readily available active quoted prices would be considered to have fair values based on the highest level of observable inputs, and little judgment would be utilized in measuring fair value. Financial instruments that rarely trade would often have fair value based on a lower level of observable inputs, and more judgment would be utilized in measuring fair value.
Valuation Hierarchy
There is a three-level hierarchy for valuing assets or liabilities at fair value based on whether inputs are observable or unobservable.
•Level 1 – includes assets and liabilities valued using inputs that are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Our Level 1 assets primarily include cash and cash equivalents and exchange-traded securities.
•Level 2 – includes assets and liabilities valued using inputs that are quoted prices for similar assets in an active market, quoted prices for identical or similar assets in a market that is not active, observable inputs, or observable inputs that can be corroborated by market data. Level 2 assets and liabilities include those financial instruments that are valued by independent pricing services using models or other valuation methodologies. These models consider various inputs such as credit rating, maturity, corporate credit spreads, reported trades and other inputs that are observable or derived from observable information in the marketplace or are supported by transactions executed in the marketplace. Financial assets in this category primarily include: certain publicly registered and privately placed corporate fixed maturity securities; certain government or agency securities; certain mortgage and asset-backed securities; certain equity securities; most investments held by our consolidated VIEs; and derivatives such as call options. Financial liabilities in this category include investment borrowings, notes payable and borrowings related to VIEs.
•Level 3 – includes assets and liabilities valued using unobservable inputs that are used in model-based valuations that contain management assumptions. Level 3 assets and liabilities include those financial instruments whose fair value is estimated based on broker/dealer quotes, pricing services or internally developed models or methodologies utilizing significant inputs not based on, or corroborated by, readily available market information. Financial assets in this category include certain corporate securities, certain structured securities, mortgage loans, and other less liquid securities. Financial liabilities in this category include our insurance liabilities for interest-sensitive products, which includes embedded derivatives (including embedded derivatives related to our fixed index annuity products and to a modified coinsurance arrangement) since their values include significant unobservable inputs including actuarial assumptions.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
At each reporting date, we classify assets and liabilities into the three input levels based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement of fair value for each asset and liability reported at fair value. This classification is impacted by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, whether the financial instrument is new to the market and not yet established, the characteristics specific to the transaction and overall market conditions. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement and the ultimate classification of each asset and liability requires judgment and is subject to change from period to period based on the observability of the valuation inputs.
The vast majority of our fixed maturity and equity securities, including those held in trading portfolios and those held by consolidated VIEs and separate account assets use Level 2 inputs for the determination of fair value. These fair values are obtained primarily from independent pricing services, which use Level 2 inputs for the determination of fair value. Our Level 2 assets are valued as follows:
•Fixed maturities available for sale, equity securities and trading securities
Corporate securities are generally priced using market and income approaches. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, issuer rating, benchmark yields, maturity and credit spreads.
U.S. Treasuries and obligations of U.S. Government corporations and agencies are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets and maturity.
States and political subdivisions are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, new issuances and credit spreads.
Foreign governments are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, new issuances, benchmark yields, credit spreads and issuer rating.
Asset-backed securities, agency and non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities, collateralized loan obligations and commercial mortgage-backed securities are generally priced using market and income approaches. Inputs generally consist of quoted prices in inactive markets, spreads on actively traded securities, expected prepayments, expected default rates, expected recovery rates and issue specific information including, but not limited to, collateral type, seniority and vintage.
Equity securities are generally priced using the market approach. Inputs generally consist of trades of identical or similar securities, quoted prices in inactive markets, issuer rating, benchmark yields, maturity and credit spreads.
•Investments held by VIEs
Corporate securities are generally priced using market and income approaches using pricing vendors. Inputs generally consist of issuer rating, benchmark yields, maturity and credit spreads.
•Other invested assets - derivatives
The fair value measurements for derivative instruments, including embedded derivatives requiring bifurcation, are determined based on the consideration of several inputs including closing exchange or over-the-counter market price quotes, time value and volatility factors underlying options, market interest rates and non-performance risk.
Third-party pricing services normally derive security prices through recently reported trades for identical or similar securities making adjustments through the reporting date based upon available market observable information. If there are no recently reported trades, the third-party pricing services may use matrix or model processes to develop a security price where
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
future cash flow expectations are discounted at an estimated risk-adjusted market rate. The number of prices obtained for a given security is dependent on the Company's analysis of such prices as further described below.
As the Company is responsible for the determination of fair value, we have control processes designed to ensure that the fair values received from third-party pricing sources are reasonable and the valuation techniques and assumptions used appear reasonable and consistent with prevailing market conditions. Additionally, when inputs are provided by third-party pricing sources, we have controls in place to review those inputs for reasonableness. As part of these controls, we perform monthly quantitative and qualitative analysis on the prices received from third parties to determine whether the prices are reasonable estimates of fair value. The Company's analysis includes: (i) a review of the methodology used by third-party pricing services; (ii) where available, a comparison of multiple pricing services' valuations for the same security; (iii) a review of month to month price fluctuations; (iv) a review to ensure valuations are not unreasonably dated; and (v) back testing to compare actual purchase and sale transactions with valuations received from third parties. As a result of such procedures, the Company may conclude a particular price received from a third party is not reflective of current market conditions. In those instances, we may request additional pricing quotes or apply internally developed valuations. However, the number of such instances is insignificant and the aggregate change in value of such investments is not materially different from the original prices received.
The categorization of the fair value measurements of our investments priced by independent pricing services was based upon the Company's judgment of the inputs or methodologies used by the independent pricing services to value different asset classes. Such inputs typically include: benchmark yields, reported trades, broker dealer quotes, issuer spreads, benchmark securities, bids, offers and other relevant data. The Company categorizes such fair value measurements based upon asset classes and the underlying observable or unobservable inputs used to value such investments.
For securities that are not priced by pricing services and may not be reliably priced using pricing models, we obtain broker quotes. These broker quotes are non-binding and represent an exit price, but assumptions used to establish the fair value may not be observable and therefore represent Level 3 inputs. Approximately 85 percent of our Level 3 fixed maturity securities and trading securities were valued using unadjusted broker quotes or broker-provided valuation inputs. The remaining Level 3 fixed maturity investments do not have readily determinable market prices and/or observable inputs. For these securities, we use internally developed valuations. Key assumptions used to determine fair value for these securities may include risk premiums, projected performance of underlying collateral and other factors involving significant assumptions which may not be reflective of an active market. For certain investments, we use a matrix or model process to develop a security price where future cash flow expectations are discounted at an estimated market rate. The pricing matrix incorporates term interest rates as well as a spread level based on the issuer's credit rating, other factors relating to the issuer, and the security's maturity. In some instances issuer-specific spread adjustments, which can be positive or negative, are made based upon internal analysis of security specifics such as liquidity, deal size, and time to maturity.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The categorization of fair value measurements, by input level, for our financial instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2020 is as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted prices in active markets
for identical assets or liabilities
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
|
|
Total
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
14,592.3
|
|
|
$
|
146.9
|
|
|
$
|
14,739.2
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
—
|
|
|
235.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
235.5
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
—
|
|
|
2,653.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,653.9
|
|
Foreign governments
|
—
|
|
|
102.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
102.8
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,047.8
|
|
|
14.3
|
|
|
1,062.1
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
58.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
58.4
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
2,091.0
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
2,092.6
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
—
|
|
|
458.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
458.9
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,980.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,980.2
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
—
|
|
|
23,220.8
|
|
|
162.8
|
|
|
23,383.6
|
|
Equity securities - corporate securities
|
104.6
|
|
|
19.8
|
|
|
26.8
|
|
|
151.2
|
|
Trading securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.4
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
92.0
|
|
|
5.9
|
|
|
97.9
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
106.3
|
|
|
17.0
|
|
|
123.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total trading securities
|
—
|
|
|
209.1
|
|
|
22.9
|
|
|
232.0
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities - corporate securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,189.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,189.4
|
|
Other invested assets - derivatives
|
—
|
|
|
216.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
216.7
|
|
Assets held in separate accounts
|
—
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Total assets carried at fair value by category
|
$
|
104.6
|
|
|
$
|
24,860.0
|
|
|
$
|
212.5
|
|
|
$
|
25,177.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,644.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,644.5
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The categorization of fair value measurements, by input level, for our financial instruments carried at fair value on a recurring basis at December 31, 2019 is as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted prices in active markets
for identical assets or liabilities
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
|
|
Total
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
12,756.5
|
|
|
$
|
178.8
|
|
|
$
|
12,935.3
|
|
United States Treasury securities and obligations of United States government corporations and agencies
|
—
|
|
|
204.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
204.6
|
|
States and political subdivisions
|
—
|
|
|
2,246.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,246.7
|
|
Foreign governments
|
—
|
|
|
94.5
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
95.6
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,375.3
|
|
|
12.6
|
|
|
1,387.9
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
95.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
95.0
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
2,042.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,042.3
|
|
Collateralized loan obligations
|
—
|
|
|
400.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
400.8
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,887.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,887.0
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
—
|
|
|
21,102.7
|
|
|
192.5
|
|
|
21,295.2
|
|
Equity securities - corporate securities
|
31.3
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
44.1
|
|
Trading securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12.1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.4
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
113.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
113.4
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
105.5
|
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
118.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total trading securities
|
—
|
|
|
231.4
|
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
243.9
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities - corporate securities
|
—
|
|
|
1,188.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,188.6
|
|
Other invested assets - derivatives
|
—
|
|
|
203.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
203.8
|
|
Assets held in separate accounts
|
—
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Total assets carried at fair value by category
|
$
|
31.3
|
|
|
$
|
22,735.2
|
|
|
$
|
213.3
|
|
|
$
|
22,979.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,565.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,565.4
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The fair value of our financial instruments disclosed at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
|
|
Total estimated fair value
|
|
Total carrying amount
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,424.8
|
|
|
$
|
1,424.8
|
|
|
$
|
1,358.7
|
|
Policy loans
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
123.0
|
|
|
123.0
|
|
|
123.0
|
|
Other invested assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-owned life insurance
|
—
|
|
|
209.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
209.7
|
|
|
209.7
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrestricted
|
937.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
937.8
|
|
|
937.8
|
|
Held by variable interest entities
|
54.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
54.1
|
|
|
54.1
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Policyholder account liabilities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,540.6
|
|
|
12,540.6
|
|
|
12,540.6
|
|
Investment borrowings
|
—
|
|
|
1,648.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,648.3
|
|
|
1,642.5
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
—
|
|
|
1,141.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,141.7
|
|
|
1,151.8
|
|
Notes payable – direct corporate obligations
|
—
|
|
|
1,326.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,326.8
|
|
|
1,136.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities
(Level 1)
|
|
Significant other observable inputs
(Level 2)
|
|
Significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3)
|
|
Total estimated fair value
|
|
Total carrying amount
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mortgage loans
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,651.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,651.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,566.1
|
|
Policy loans
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
124.5
|
|
|
124.5
|
|
|
124.5
|
|
Other invested assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Company-owned life insurance
|
—
|
|
|
194.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
194.0
|
|
|
194.0
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unrestricted
|
579.9
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
580.0
|
|
|
580.0
|
|
Held by variable interest entities
|
74.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
74.7
|
|
|
74.7
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Policyholder account liabilities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,132.3
|
|
|
12,132.3
|
|
|
12,132.3
|
|
Investment borrowings
|
—
|
|
|
1,647.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,647.9
|
|
|
1,644.3
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
—
|
|
|
1,142.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,142.1
|
|
|
1,152.5
|
|
Notes payable – direct corporate obligations
|
—
|
|
|
1,117.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,117.2
|
|
|
989.1
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table presents additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value for the year ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2019
|
|
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net (b)
|
|
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income
|
|
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
Transfers into Level 3 (a)
|
|
Transfers out of Level 3 (a)
|
|
Ending balance as of December 31, 2020
|
|
Amount of total gains (losses) for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in our net income relating to assets and liabilities still held as of the reporting date
|
|
Amount of total gains (losses) for the year ended December 31, 2020 included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) relating to assets and liabilities still held as of the reporting date
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
|
$
|
178.8
|
|
|
$
|
17.8
|
|
|
$
|
(.9)
|
|
|
$
|
10.2
|
|
|
$
|
90.6
|
|
|
$
|
(149.6)
|
|
|
$
|
146.9
|
|
|
$
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
$
|
7.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign governments
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
|
12.6
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.2
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
|
192.5
|
|
|
20.9
|
|
|
(.9)
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
|
90.6
|
|
|
(150.7)
|
|
|
162.8
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
7.4
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities - corporate securities
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
14.0
|
|
|
.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
26.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2.0)
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
.4
|
|
|
7.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
5.9
|
|
|
(.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
17.0
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total trading securities
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
(.5)
|
|
|
1.0
|
|
|
7.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
22.9
|
|
|
(.5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
|
(1,565.4)
|
|
|
(157.0)
|
|
|
77.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,644.5)
|
|
|
77.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
_________
(a)Transfers into Level 3 are the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the utilization of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company is able to validate.
(b)Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net, represent the activity that occurred during the period that results in a change of the asset or liability but does not represent changes in fair value for the instruments held at the beginning of the period. Such activity primarily consists of purchases and sales of fixed maturity and equity securities and changes to embedded derivative instruments related to insurance products resulting from the issuance of new contracts, or changes to existing contracts. The following summarizes such activity for the year ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases
|
|
Sales
|
|
Issuances
|
|
Settlements
|
|
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
20.5
|
|
|
$
|
(2.7)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
17.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
2.0
|
|
|
(.5)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.5
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
1.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
24.1
|
|
|
(3.2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
20.9
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities - corporate securities
|
14.3
|
|
|
(.3)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading securities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Non-agency residential mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
(2.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2.0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
4.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total trading securities
|
4.3
|
|
|
(2.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
(183.7)
|
|
|
119.3
|
|
|
(180.1)
|
|
|
87.5
|
|
|
(157.0)
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table presents additional information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and for which we have utilized significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs to determine fair value for the year ended December 31, 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance as of December 31, 2018
|
|
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net (b)
|
|
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in net income
|
|
Total realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
|
|
Transfers into Level 3 (a)
|
|
Transfers out of Level 3 (a)
|
|
Ending balance as of December 31, 2019
|
|
Amount of total gains (losses) for the year ended December 31, 2019 included in our net income relating to assets and liabilities still held as of the reporting date
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
158.6
|
|
|
$
|
(34.3)
|
|
|
$
|
(4.6)
|
|
|
$
|
12.9
|
|
|
$
|
46.2
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
178.8
|
|
|
$
|
(4.0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Foreign governments
|
1.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
12.0
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12.6
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
171.6
|
|
|
(34.9)
|
|
|
(4.6)
|
|
|
14.2
|
|
|
46.2
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
192.5
|
|
|
(4.0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities - corporate securities
|
9.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.2)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8.3
|
|
|
(1.2)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Trading securities - commercial mortgage-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
12.5
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
(1,289.0)
|
|
|
(193.5)
|
|
|
(82.9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,565.4)
|
|
|
(82.9)
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
____________
(a)Transfers into Level 3 are the result of unobservable inputs utilized within valuation methodologies for assets that were previously valued using observable inputs. Transfers out of Level 3 are due to the use of observable inputs in valuation methodologies as well as the utilization of pricing service information for certain assets that the Company is able to validate.
(b)Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net, represent the activity that occurred during the period that results in a change of the asset or liability but does not represent changes in fair value for the instruments held at the beginning of the period. Such activity primarily consists of purchases and sales of fixed maturity and equity securities and changes to embedded derivative instruments related to insurance products resulting from the issuance of new contracts, or changes to existing contracts. The following summarizes such activity for the year ended December 31, 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Purchases
|
|
Sales
|
|
Issuances
|
|
Settlements
|
|
Purchases, sales, issuances and settlements, net
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed maturities, available for sale:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
$
|
20.1
|
|
|
$
|
(54.4)
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(34.3)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities
|
—
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(.6)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total fixed maturities, available for sale
|
20.1
|
|
|
(55.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(34.9)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities)
|
(154.9)
|
|
|
7.2
|
|
|
(138.0)
|
|
|
92.2
|
|
|
(193.5)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Realized and unrealized investment gains and losses presented in the preceding tables represent gains and losses during the time the applicable financial instruments were classified as Level 3.
Realized and unrealized gains (losses) on Level 3 assets are primarily reported in either net investment income for policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios, net realized investment gains (losses) or insurance policy benefits within the consolidated statement of operations or accumulated other comprehensive income within shareholders' equity based on the appropriate accounting treatment for the instrument.
The amount presented for gains (losses) included in our net income for assets and liabilities still held as of the reporting date primarily represents impairments for fixed maturities, available for sale, changes in fair value of trading securities and certain derivatives and changes in fair value of embedded derivative instruments included in liabilities for insurance products that exist as of the reporting date.
The amount presented for gains (losses) included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for assets and liabilities still held as of the reporting date primarily represents changes in the fair value of fixed maturities, available for sale, that are held as of the reporting date.
At December 31, 2020, 92 percent of our Level 3 fixed maturities, available for sale, were investment grade and 90 percent of our Level 3 fixed maturities, available for sale, consisted of corporate securities.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table provides additional information about the significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs developed internally by the Company to determine fair value for certain assets and liabilities carried at fair value at December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value at December 31, 2020
|
|
Valuation techniques
|
|
Unobservable inputs
|
|
Range (weighted average) (a)
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities (b)
|
$
|
13.4
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow analysis
|
|
Discount margins
|
|
1.90% - 5.59% (3.24%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Asset-backed securities (c)
|
12.3
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow analysis
|
|
Discount margins
|
|
2.46%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities (d)
|
8.3
|
|
|
Recovery method
|
|
Percent of recovery expected
|
|
59.27% - 100.00% (59.52%)
|
Equity securities (e)
|
18.6
|
|
|
Unadjusted purchase price
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other assets categorized as Level 3 (f)
|
159.9
|
|
|
Unadjusted third-party price source
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
212.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives related to fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities) (g)
|
1,644.5
|
|
|
Discounted projected embedded derivatives
|
|
Projected portfolio yields
|
|
4.12% - 4.38% (4.13%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rates
|
|
0.00% - 2.64% (1.03%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Surrender rates
|
|
1.60% - 25.60% (9.40%)
|
________________________________
(a) The weighted average is based on the relative fair value of the related assets or liabilities.
(b) Corporate securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of our corporate securities is discount margin added to a riskless market yield. Significant increases (decreases) in discount margin in isolation would have resulted in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(c) Asset-backed securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of these asset-backed securities is discount margin added to a riskless market yield. Significant increases (decreases) in discount margin in isolation would have resulted in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(d) Equity securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of these equity securities is percentage of recovery expected. Significant increases (decreases) in percentage of recovery expected in isolation would have resulted in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(e) Equity securities – For these assets, there were no adjustments to the purchase price.
(f) Other assets categorized as Level 3 - For these assets, there were no adjustments to non-binding quoted market prices obtained from third-party pricing sources.
(g) Embedded derivatives related to fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities) - The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products are projected portfolio yields, discount rates and surrender rates. Increases (decreases) in projected portfolio yields in isolation would have led to a higher (lower) fair value measurement. The discount rate is based on risk free rates (U.S. Treasury rates for similar durations) adjusted for our non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs. Increases (decreases) in the discount rates would have led to a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Assumed surrender rates are used to project how long the contracts remain in force. Generally, the longer the contracts are assumed to be in force the higher the fair value of the embedded derivative.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table provides additional information about the significant unobservable (Level 3) inputs developed internally by the Company to determine fair value for certain assets and liabilities carried at fair value at December 31, 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value at December 31, 2019
|
|
Valuation techniques
|
|
Unobservable inputs
|
|
Range (weighted average)
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities (a)
|
$
|
134.2
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow analysis
|
|
Discount margins
|
|
1.07% - 8.42% (1.91%)
|
Corporate securities (b)
|
1.0
|
|
|
Recovery method
|
|
Percent of recovery expected
|
|
12.77%
|
Asset-backed securities (c)
|
12.6
|
|
|
Discounted cash flow analysis
|
|
Discount margins
|
|
1.66%
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity securities (d)
|
8.3
|
|
|
Recovery method
|
|
Percent of recovery expected
|
|
59.27% - 100.00% (59.52%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other assets categorized as Level 3 (e)
|
57.2
|
|
|
Unadjusted third-party price source
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
Not applicable
|
Total
|
213.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivatives related to fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities) (f)
|
1,565.4
|
|
|
Discounted projected embedded derivatives
|
|
Projected portfolio yields
|
|
4.71% - 4.98% (4.72%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Discount rates
|
|
1.24% - 3.07% (1.88%)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Surrender rates
|
|
1.60% - 31.90% (10.90%)
|
________________________________
(a) Corporate securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of our corporate securities is discount margin added to a riskless market yield. Significant increases (decreases) in discount margin in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(b) Corporate securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of these corporate securities is percentage of recovery expected. Significant increases (decreases) in percentage of recovery expected in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(c) Asset-backed securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of these asset-backed securities is discount margin added to a riskless market yield. Significant increases (decreases) in discount margin in isolation would result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.
(d) Equity securities - The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of these equity securities is percentage of recovery expected. Significant increases (decreases) in percentage of recovery expected in isolation would result in a significantly higher (lower) fair value measurement.
(e) Other assets categorized as Level 3 - For these assets, there were no adjustments to non-binding quoted market prices obtained from third-party pricing sources.
(f) Embedded derivatives related to fixed index annuity products (classified as policyholder account liabilities) - The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of our embedded derivatives associated with fixed index annuity products are projected portfolio yields, discount rates and surrender rates. Increases (decreases) in projected portfolio yields in isolation would lead to a higher (lower) fair value measurement. The discount rate is based on risk free rates (U.S. Treasury rates for similar durations) adjusted for our non-performance risk and risk margins for non-capital market inputs. Increases (decreases) in the discount rates would lead to a lower (higher) fair value measurement. Assumed surrender rates are used to project how long the contracts remain in force. Generally, the longer the contracts are assumed to be in force the higher the fair value of the embedded derivative.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
5. LIABILITIES FOR INSURANCE PRODUCTS
Our future policy benefits are summarized as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Withdrawal assumption
|
|
Morbidity assumption
|
|
Mortality assumption
|
|
Average interest rate assumption
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term care
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
6%
|
|
$
|
5,455.8
|
|
|
$
|
5,414.1
|
|
Traditional life insurance contracts
|
Company experience
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
(a)
|
|
5%
|
|
2,556.3
|
|
|
2,505.2
|
|
Accident and health contracts
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
5%
|
|
3,214.9
|
|
|
3,079.4
|
|
Interest-sensitive life insurance contracts
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
Company experience
|
|
5%
|
|
73.9
|
|
|
62.1
|
|
Annuities and supplemental contracts with life contingencies
|
Company experience
|
|
Not applicable
|
|
(b)
|
|
3%
|
|
443.3
|
|
|
437.7
|
|
Total
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
11,744.2
|
|
|
$
|
11,498.5
|
|
____________________
(a) Principally, modifications of: (i) the 1965 ‑ 70 and 1975 - 80 Basic Tables; and (ii) the 1941, 1958 and 1980 Commissioners' Standard Ordinary Tables; as well as Company experience.
(b) Principally, modifications of: (i) the 1971 Individual Annuity Mortality Table; (ii) the 1983 Table "A"; and (iii) the Annuity 2000 Mortality Table; as well as Company experience.
Our policyholder account liabilities are summarized as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Fixed index annuities
|
|
$
|
8,111.4
|
|
|
$
|
7,503.1
|
|
Other annuities
|
|
3,209.0
|
|
|
3,452.2
|
|
Interest-sensitive life insurance contracts
|
|
1,220.2
|
|
|
1,177.0
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
12,540.6
|
|
|
$
|
12,132.3
|
|
The Company establishes reserves for insurance policy benefits based on assumptions as to investment yields, mortality, morbidity, withdrawals, lapses and maintenance expenses. These reserves include amounts for estimated future payment of claims based on actuarial assumptions. The balance includes provision for the Company's best estimate of the future policyholder benefits to be incurred on this business, given recent and expected future changes in experience.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Changes in the unpaid claims reserve (included in claims payable) and disabled life reserves related to accident and health insurance (included in the liability for future policy benefits) were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Balance, beginning of year
|
$
|
1,921.2
|
|
|
$
|
1,868.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,828.2
|
|
Less reinsurance (receivables) payables
|
(993.2)
|
|
|
(951.1)
|
|
|
15.1
|
|
Net balance, beginning of year
|
928.0
|
|
|
916.9
|
|
|
1,843.3
|
|
Incurred claims related to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year
|
1,177.8
|
|
|
1,233.9
|
|
|
1,480.0
|
|
Prior years (a)
|
(75.2)
|
|
|
(40.3)
|
|
|
(41.5)
|
|
Total incurred
|
1,102.6
|
|
|
1,193.6
|
|
|
1,438.5
|
|
Interest on claim reserves
|
36.8
|
|
|
36.2
|
|
|
71.8
|
|
Paid claims related to:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current year
|
(766.1)
|
|
|
(843.8)
|
|
|
(849.4)
|
|
Prior years
|
(357.8)
|
|
|
(374.9)
|
|
|
(630.6)
|
|
Total paid
|
(1,123.9)
|
|
|
(1,218.7)
|
|
|
(1,480.0)
|
|
Reserves ceded pursuant to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(956.7)
|
|
Net balance, end of year
|
943.5
|
|
|
928.0
|
|
|
916.9
|
|
Add reinsurance receivables (payables)
|
881.5
|
|
|
993.2
|
|
|
951.1
|
|
Balance, end of year
|
$
|
1,825.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,921.2
|
|
|
$
|
1,868.0
|
|
___________
(a) The reserves and liabilities we establish are necessarily based on estimates, assumptions and prior years' statistics. Such amounts will fluctuate based upon the estimation procedures used to determine the amount of unpaid losses. It is possible that actual claims will exceed our reserves and have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.
6. INCOME TAXES
The components of income tax expense (benefit) were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Current tax expense (benefit)
|
$
|
(24.0)
|
|
|
$
|
19.2
|
|
|
$
|
(2.8)
|
|
Deferred tax expense
|
100.5
|
|
|
39.3
|
|
|
93.1
|
|
Valuation allowance applicable to current year income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8.9
|
|
Income tax expense calculated based on annual effective tax rate
|
76.5
|
|
|
58.5
|
|
|
99.2
|
|
Tax benefit on long-term care reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(147.9)
|
|
Income tax expense on discrete items:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carryback of net operating losses to years with a higher statutory corporate rate pursuant to provisions of the CARES Act (as defined below)
|
(34.0)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Change in valuation allowance
|
—
|
|
|
(193.7)
|
|
|
95.7
|
|
Other items
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
Total income tax expense (benefit)
|
$
|
42.5
|
|
|
$
|
(135.2)
|
|
|
$
|
50.2
|
|
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act, a tax-and-spending package intended to provide economic relief to address the impact of the novel coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic, was signed into law in March 2020. Provisions in the CARES Act permit NOLs arising in a taxable year beginning after December 31, 2017, and before January 1, 2021 to be allowed as a carryback to each of the five taxable years preceding the taxable year of such loss. Accordingly, we are able to carryback the NOL created in 2018 related to the long-term care reinsurance transaction to 2017 and 2016 resulting in a
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
$34.0 million tax benefit from the difference in tax rates between the current enacted rate of 21% and the enacted rate in 2016 and 2017 of 35%. This provision also accelerated the utilization of approximately $375 million of life NOLs and restored approximately $130 million of non-life NOLs. Further, the CARES Act temporarily repeals the 80 percent limitation for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2021 (as required under the Tax Cuts and Job Act (the "Tax Reform Act")). This provision resulted in the acceleration of approximately $105 million of life NOLs and restored approximately $35 million of non-life NOLs. Our current income tax asset at December 31, 2020, includes a receivable of $99.2 million related to refunds resulting from the NOL utilization provisions of the CARES Act.
A reconciliation of the U.S. statutory corporate tax rate to the effective rate reflected in the consolidated statement of operations is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
U.S. statutory corporate rate
|
21.0
|
%
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
|
21.0
|
%
|
Valuation allowance
|
—
|
|
|
(70.6)
|
|
|
(39.5)
|
|
Non-taxable income and nondeductible benefits, net
|
(.4)
|
|
|
(1.0)
|
|
|
.6
|
|
State taxes
|
1.6
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
|
(1.1)
|
|
Carryback of net operating losses to years with a higher statutory corporate rate pursuant to provisions of the CARES Act
|
(9.9)
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Effective tax rate
|
12.3
|
%
|
|
(49.3)
|
%
|
|
(19.0)
|
%
|
The components of the Company's income tax assets and liabilities are summarized below (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Deferred tax assets:
|
|
|
|
Net federal operating loss carryforwards
|
$
|
339.2
|
|
|
$
|
532.3
|
|
Net state operating loss carryforwards
|
2.7
|
|
|
10.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance liabilities
|
386.4
|
|
|
351.3
|
|
Indirect costs allocable to self-constructed real estate assets
|
105.7
|
|
|
50.3
|
|
Other
|
43.0
|
|
|
40.4
|
|
Gross deferred tax assets
|
877.0
|
|
|
984.6
|
|
Deferred tax liabilities:
|
|
|
|
Investments
|
(29.5)
|
|
|
(24.4)
|
|
Present value of future profits and deferred acquisition costs
|
(133.8)
|
|
|
(150.1)
|
|
Accumulated other comprehensive income
|
(604.3)
|
|
|
(381.2)
|
|
Gross deferred tax liabilities
|
(767.6)
|
|
|
(555.7)
|
|
Net deferred tax assets
|
109.4
|
|
|
428.9
|
|
Current income taxes prepaid
|
90.0
|
|
|
3.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
$
|
199.4
|
|
|
$
|
432.6
|
|
Our income tax expense includes deferred income taxes arising from temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and NOLs. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply in the years in which temporary differences are expected to be recovered or paid. The effect of a change in tax rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in earnings in the period when the changes are enacted.
A reduction of the net carrying amount of deferred tax assets by establishing a valuation allowance is required if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, all available evidence, both positive and negative, shall be considered to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, a valuation allowance for deferred tax assets is needed. This assessment requires significant judgment and considers, among other matters, the nature, frequency and severity of current and cumulative losses, forecasts of future
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
profitability, the duration of carryforward periods, our experience with operating loss and tax credit carryforwards expiring unused, and tax planning strategies.
We evaluate the need to establish a valuation allowance for our deferred income tax assets on an ongoing basis using a deferred tax valuation model. Our model is adjusted to reflect changes in our projections of future taxable income including changes resulting from the Tax Reform Act, investment strategies, the impact of the sale or reinsurance of business, the recapture of business previously ceded, tax planning strategies and the COVID-19 pandemic. Our estimates of future taxable income are based on evidence we consider to be objectively verifiable. At December 31, 2020, our projection of future taxable income for purposes of determining the valuation allowance was based on our estimates of such future taxable income through the date our NOLs expire. Such estimates are subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which actual impacts differ from the assumptions used in our deferred tax valuation model. Based on our assessment, we have concluded that it is more likely than not that all our deferred tax assets of $109.4 million will be realized through future taxable earnings.
Recovery of our deferred tax asset is dependent on achieving the level of future taxable income projected in our deferred tax valuation model and failure to do so could result in an increase in the valuation allowance in a future period. Any future increase in the valuation allowance may result in additional income tax expense and reduce shareholders' equity, and such an increase could have a significant impact upon our earnings in the future.
In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Company implemented a tax planning strategy whereby, pursuant to the Internal
Revenue Code (the "Code"), the Company reflected a change in its method of accounting for indirect costs allocable to self-constructed real estate assets in its 2019 federal income tax return filing. Such tax planning strategy is expected to increase taxable income for the tax years 2019 through 2023.
Changes in our valuation allowance are summarized as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance, December 31, 2017
|
$
|
89.1
|
|
|
Increase in 2018
|
104.6
|
|
(a)
|
Balance, December 31, 2018
|
193.7
|
|
|
Decrease in 2019
|
(193.7)
|
|
(b)
|
Balance, December 31, 2019
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
___________________
(a)The 2018 increase to the deferred tax valuation allowance includes: (i) an increase of $104.8 million due to the life NOLs generated by the tax loss on the long-term care reinsurance transaction; and (ii) other changes netting to $(.2) million. The increase in life company NOLs generated by the tax loss on the reinsurance transaction was expected to impact our ability to utilize non-life NOLs in the future.
(b)The 2019 decrease to the deferred tax valuation allowance is related to the tax planning strategy discussed above.
The Code limits the extent to which losses realized by a non-life entity (or entities) may offset income from a life insurance company (or companies) to the lesser of: (i) 35 percent of the income of the life insurance company; or (ii) 35 percent of the total loss of the non-life entities (including NOLs of the non-life entities). There is no similar limitation on the extent to which losses realized by a life insurance entity (or entities) may offset income from a non-life entity (or entities).
Section 382 of the Code imposes limitations on a corporation's ability to use its NOLs when the company undergoes a 50 percent ownership change over a three year period. Future transactions and the timing of such transactions could cause an ownership change for Section 382 income tax purposes. Such transactions may include, but are not limited to, additional repurchases under our securities repurchase program, issuances of common stock and acquisitions or sales of shares of CNO stock by certain holders of our shares, including persons who have held, currently hold or may accumulate in the future five percent or more of our outstanding common stock for their own account. Many of these transactions are beyond our control. If an additional ownership change were to occur for purposes of Section 382, we would be required to calculate an annual restriction on the use of our NOLs to offset future taxable income. The annual restriction would be calculated based upon the value of CNO's equity at the time of such ownership change, multiplied by a federal long-term tax exempt rate (.99 percent at December 31, 2020), and the annual restriction could limit our ability to use a substantial portion of our NOLs to offset future
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
taxable income. We regularly monitor ownership change (as calculated for purposes of Section 382) and, as of December 31, 2020, we were below the 50 percent ownership change level that could limit our ability to utilize our NOLs.
In 2009, the Company's Board of Directors adopted a Section 382 Rights Agreement designed to protect shareholder value by preserving the value of our tax assets primarily associated with tax NOLs under Section 382. The Section 382 Rights Agreement was adopted to reduce the likelihood of an ownership change occurring by deterring the acquisition of stock that would create "5 percent shareholders" as defined in Section 382. The Section 382 Rights Agreement has been amended four times, most recently effective November 13, 2020 (the "Fourth Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement"). The Fourth Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement extended the expiration date of the Section 382 Rights Agreement to November 13, 2023, updated the purchase price of the rights described below and provided for a new series of preferred stock relating to the rights that is substantially identical to the prior series of preferred stock. The Company expects to submit the Fourth Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement to the Company’s stockholders for approval at the Company’s 2021 annual meeting.
Under the Section 382 Rights Agreement, one right was distributed for each share of our common stock outstanding as of the close of business on January 30, 2009 and for each share issued after that date. Pursuant to the Fourth Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement, if any person or group (subject to certain exemptions) becomes an owner of more than 4.99 percent of the Company's outstanding common stock (or any other interest in the Company that would be treated as "stock" under applicable Section 382 regulations) without the approval of the Board of Directors, there would be a triggering event causing significant dilution in the voting power and economic ownership of that person or group. Shareholders who held more than 4.99 percent of the Company's outstanding common stock as of December 6, 2011 will trigger a dilutive event only if they acquire additional shares exceeding one percent of our outstanding shares without prior approval from the Board of Directors.
In 2010, our shareholders approved an amendment to CNO's certificate of incorporation designed to prevent certain transfers of common stock which could otherwise adversely affect our ability to use our NOLs (the "Original Section 382 Charter Amendment"). Subject to the provisions set forth in the Original Section 382 Charter Amendment, transfers of our common stock would be void and of no effect if the effect of the purported transfer would be to: (i) increase the direct or indirect ownership of our common stock by any person or public group (as such term is defined in the regulations under Section 382) from less than 5% to 5% or more of our common stock; (ii) increase the percentage of our common stock owned directly or indirectly by a person or public group owning or deemed to own 5% or more of our common stock; or (iii) create a new public group. The Original Section 382 Charter Amendment was amended and extended in 2013, 2016 and 2019 (the "2019 Section 382 Charter Amendment"). The expiration date for the 2019 Section 382 Charter Amendment is July 31, 2022.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
We have $1.6 billion of federal NOLs as of December 31, 2020, as summarized below (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net operating loss
|
Year of expiration
|
|
carryforwards
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2023
|
|
$
|
1,028.7
|
|
|
|
|
2025
|
|
85.2
|
|
2026
|
|
149.9
|
|
2027
|
|
10.8
|
|
2028
|
|
80.3
|
|
2029
|
|
213.2
|
|
2030
|
|
.3
|
|
2031
|
|
.2
|
|
2032
|
|
44.4
|
|
2033
|
|
.6
|
|
2034
|
|
.9
|
|
2035
|
|
.8
|
|
Total federal non-life NOLs
|
|
$
|
1,615.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Our life NOLs have been fully utilized in 2020. Our non-life NOLs can be used to offset 35 percent of life insurance company taxable income and 100 percent of non-life company taxable income until all non-life NOLs are utilized or expire.
We also had deferred tax assets related to NOLs for state income taxes of $2.7 million and $10.3 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The related state NOLs are available to offset future state taxable income in certain states and are expected to be fully utilized prior to expiration.
There were no unrecognized tax benefits in either 2020 or 2019.
The federal statute of limitations remains open with respect to tax years 2016 through 2020. The Company’s various state income tax returns are generally open for tax years based on individual state statutes of limitation. Generally, for tax years which generate NOLs, capital losses or tax credit carryforwards, the statute remains open until the expiration of the statute of limitations for the tax year in which such carryforwards are utilized. The outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If the Company’s tax audits are not resolved in a manner consistent with management’s expectations, the Company may be required to adjust its provision for income taxes.
7. NOTES PAYABLE - DIRECT CORPORATE OBLIGATIONS
The following notes payable were direct corporate obligations of the Company as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
5.250% Senior Notes due May 2025
|
$
|
500.0
|
|
|
$
|
500.0
|
|
5.250% Senior Notes due May 2029
|
500.0
|
|
|
500.0
|
|
5.125% Subordinated Debentures due 2060
|
150.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined below)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
Unamortized debt issuance costs
|
(13.8)
|
|
|
(10.9)
|
|
Direct corporate obligations
|
$
|
1,136.2
|
|
|
$
|
989.1
|
|
Subordinated Debentures due 2060
In November 2020, the Company issued $150.0 million of 5.125% Subordinated Debentures due 2060 (the "Debentures"). The terms of the Debentures are set forth in the Indenture, dated as of June 12, 2019 (the "2019 Base
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Indenture") as supplemented by the Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 25, 2020 (the "2020 Supplemental Indenture" and, together with the 2019 Base Indenture, the "2020 Indenture"), each between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (the "Trustee"). The Debentures bear interest at an annual rate of 5.125%, payable quarterly in arrears on February 25, May 25, August 25 and November 25 commencing on February 25, 2021. The Debentures mature on November 25, 2060. The Company used the net proceeds from the issuance of the Debentures for general corporate purposes.
The Debentures are unsecured and rank junior to all existing and future senior indebtedness (including the 2025 Notes and 2029 Notes, each as defined below). In addition, the Debentures are structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries.
The Company may redeem the Debentures:
(i) in whole at any time or in part from time to time on or after November 25, 2025, at a redemption price equal to their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption; provided that if the Debentures are not redeemed in whole, at least $25 million aggregate principal amount of the Debentures must remain outstanding after giving effect to such redemption;
(ii) in whole, but not in part, at any time prior to November 25, 2025, within 90 days of the occurrence of a "tax event" or a "regulatory capital event" (as such terms are defined in the 2020 Indenture) at a redemption price equal to their principal amount plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption; or
(iii) in whole, but not in part, at any time prior to November 25, 2025, within 90 days of the occurrence of a "rating agency event" (as such term is defined in the 2020 Indenture) at a redemption price equal to 102% of their principal amount plus any accrued and unpaid interest to, but excluding, the date of redemption.
The 2020 Indenture contains covenants that will limit the ability of the Company and certain of its subsidiaries to consolidate, merge or sell, lease, transfer or otherwise dispose of its properties and assets substantially as an entirety.
An event of default with respect to the Debentures will occur only upon certain events of our bankruptcy, insolvency or receivership (as specified in the 2020 Indenture).
2029 Notes
On June 12, 2019, the Company executed the 2019 Base Indenture and the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 12, 2019 (the "2019 Supplemental Indenture" and, together with the 2019 Base Indenture, the "2019 Indenture"), between the Company and the Trustee pursuant to which the Company issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.250% Senior Notes due 2029 (the "2029 Notes").
The Company used the net proceeds from the offering of the 2029 Notes to: (i) repay all amounts outstanding under its existing Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined below); (ii) redeem and satisfy and discharge all of its outstanding 4.500% Senior Notes due May 2020 (the "2020 Notes"); and (iii) pay fees and expenses related to the foregoing. The remaining proceeds were used for general corporate purposes.
The 2029 Notes mature on May 30, 2029 and interest on the 2029 Notes is payable at 5.250% per annum. Interest on the 2029 Notes is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on May 30 and November 30 of each year, commencing on November 30, 2019.
The 2029 Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with the Company’s other senior unsecured and unsubordinated debt from time to time outstanding. The 2029 Notes are effectively subordinated to all of the Company’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The 2029 Notes are structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of the Company’s subsidiaries.
Prior to February 28, 2029, the Company may redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time or from time to time at a "make-whole" redemption price plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. On and after
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
February 28, 2029, the Company may redeem some or all of the 2029 Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date.
Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in the 2019 Indenture), the Company will be required to make an offer to repurchase the 2029 Notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of repurchase. In the event that the 2029 Notes receive investment grade credit ratings, this covenant will cease to apply.
The 2019 Indenture contains covenants that restrict the Company’s ability, with certain exceptions, to:
•create liens;
•issue, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any shares of capital stock of any Insurance Subsidiary (as defined in the 2019 Indenture); and
•consolidate or merge with or into other companies or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.
The 2019 Indenture provides for customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), which include nonpayment, breach of covenants in the 2019 Indenture, failure to pay at maturity or acceleration of other indebtedness, a failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs, the Trustee or holders of at least 50% in principal amount of the then outstanding 2029 Notes may declare the principal of and accrued but unpaid interest, including any additional interest, on all of the 2029 Notes to be due and payable.
2025 Notes
On May 19, 2015, the Company executed the Indenture, dated as of May 19, 2015 (the "2015 Base Indenture") and the First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 19, 2015 (the "2015 Supplemental Indenture" and, together with the 2015 Base Indenture, the "2015 Indenture"), between the Company and the Trustee pursuant to which the Company issued $325.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2020 Notes and $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.250% Senior Notes due 2025 (the "2025 Notes"). As described above, the 2020 Notes were redeemed on June 12, 2019.
The 2025 Notes mature on May 30, 2025. Interest on the 2025 Notes is payable at 5.250% per annum. Interest on the 2025 Notes is payable semi-annually in cash in arrears on May 30 and November 30 of each year, commencing on November 30, 2015.
The 2025 Notes are senior unsecured obligations and rank equally with the Company's other senior unsecured and unsubordinated debt from time to time outstanding, including obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement (as defined below). The 2025 Notes are effectively subordinated to all of the Company's existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. The 2025 Notes are structurally subordinated to all existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of the Company's subsidiaries.
Prior to February 28, 2025, the Company may redeem some or all of the 2025 Notes at any time or from time to time at a "make-whole" redemption price plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date. On and after February 28, 2025, the Company may redeem some or all of the 2025 Notes at any time or from time to time at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date.
Upon the occurrence of a Change of Control Repurchase Event (as defined in the 2015 Indenture), the Company will be required to make an offer to repurchase the 2025 Notes at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but not including, the date of repurchase.
The 2015 Indenture contains covenants that restrict the Company’s ability, with certain exceptions, to:
•incur certain subsidiary indebtedness without also guaranteeing the 2025 Notes;
•create liens;
•enter into sale and leaseback transactions;
•issue, sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of any shares of capital stock of any Insurance Subsidiary (as defined in the 2015 Indenture); and
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
•consolidate or merge with or into other companies or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.
The 2015 Indenture provides for customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), which include nonpayment, breach of covenants in the 2015 Indenture, failure to pay at maturity or acceleration of other indebtedness, a failure to pay certain judgments and certain events of bankruptcy and insolvency. Generally, if an event of default occurs, the Trustee or holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then outstanding 2025 Notes may declare the principal of and accrued but unpaid interest, including any additional interest, on all of the 2025 Notes to be due and payable.
Revolving Credit Agreement
On May 19, 2015, the Company entered into a $150.0 million four-year unsecured revolving credit agreement with KeyBank National Association, as administrative agent (the "Agent"), and the lenders from time to time party thereto. On May 19, 2015, the Company made an initial drawing of $100.0 million under the Revolving Credit Agreement. On October 13, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment and restatement agreement (the "Amendment Agreement") with respect to its revolving credit agreement (as amended by the Amendment Agreement, the "Revolving Credit Agreement"). The Amendment Agreement, among other things, increased the total commitments available under the revolving credit facility from $150.0 million to $250.0 million, increased the aggregate amount of additional incremental loans the Company may incur from $50.0 million to $100.0 million and extended the maturity date of the revolving credit facility from May 19, 2019 to October 13, 2022. As described above, all amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement were repaid in connection with the issuance of the 2029 Notes. There were no amounts outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement at December 31, 2020.
The Revolving Credit Agreement includes an uncommitted subfacility for swingline loans of up to $5.0 million, and up to $5.0 million of the Revolving Credit Agreement is available for the issuance of letters of credit. The Company may incur additional incremental loans under the Revolving Credit Agreement in an aggregate principal amount of up to $100.0 million provided that there are no events of default and subject to certain other terms and conditions including the delivery of certain documentation.
The interest rates with respect to loans under the Revolving Credit Agreement are based on, at the Company's option, a floating base rate (defined as a per annum rate equal to the highest of: (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%; (ii) the "prime rate" of the Agent; and (iii) the eurodollar rate for a one-month interest period plus an applicable margin based on the Company's unsecured debt rating), or a eurodollar rate plus an applicable margin based on the Company's unsecured debt rating. The margins under the Revolving Credit Agreement range from 1.375 percent to 2.125 percent, in the case of loans at the eurodollar rate, and 0.375 percent to 1.125 percent, in the case of loans at the base rate. In addition, the daily average undrawn portion of the Revolving Credit Agreement accrues a commitment fee payable quarterly in arrears. The applicable margin for, and the commitment fee applicable to, the Revolving Credit Agreement, will be adjusted from time to time pursuant to a ratings based pricing grid.
The Revolving Credit Agreement contains certain financial, affirmative and negative covenants. The negative covenants in the Revolving Credit Agreement include restrictions that relate to, among other things and subject to customary baskets, exceptions and limitations for facilities of this type:
•subsidiary debt;
•liens;
•restrictive agreements;
•restricted payments during the continuance of an event of default;
•disposition of assets and sale and leaseback transactions;
•transactions with affiliates;
•change in business;
•fundamental changes;
•modification of certain agreements; and
•changes to fiscal year.
The Revolving Credit Agreement requires the Company to maintain (each as calculated in accordance with the Revolving Credit Agreement): (i) a debt to total capitalization ratio of not more than 35.0 percent (such ratio was 26.4 percent at December 31, 2020); (ii) an aggregate ratio of total adjusted capital to company action level risk-based capital for the
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Company's insurance subsidiaries of not less than 250 percent (such ratio was estimated to be 411 percent at December 31, 2020); and (iii) a minimum consolidated net worth of not less than the sum of (x) $2,674 million plus (y) 50.0% of the net equity proceeds received by the Company from the issuance and sale of equity interests in the Company (the Company's consolidated net worth was $3,298.1 million at December 31, 2020 compared to the minimum requirement of $2,700.5 million).
The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for customary events of default (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), which include, without limitation, the following:
•non-payment;
•breach of representations, warranties or covenants;
•cross-default and cross-acceleration;
•bankruptcy and insolvency events;
•judgment defaults;
•actual or asserted invalidity of documentation with respect to the Revolving Credit Agreement;
•change of control; and
•customary ERISA defaults.
If an event of default under the Revolving Credit Agreement occurs and is continuing, the Agent may accelerate the amounts and terminate all commitments outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
In 2019, we recognized a loss on the extinguishment of debt totaling $7.3 million which consisted of: (i) a premium of $6.1 million related to the redemption of the 2020 Notes; and (ii) the write-off of $1.2 million of unamortized issuance costs associated with the redemption of the 2020 Notes.
Scheduled Repayment of our Direct Corporate Obligations
The scheduled repayment of our direct corporate obligations was as follows at December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ending December 31,
|
|
2021
|
$
|
—
|
|
2022
|
—
|
|
2023
|
—
|
|
2024
|
—
|
|
2025
|
500.0
|
|
Thereafter
|
650.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,150.0
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
8. LITIGATION AND OTHER LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
Legal Proceedings
The Company and its subsidiaries are involved in various legal actions in the normal course of business, in which claims for compensatory and punitive damages are asserted, some for substantial amounts. We recognize an estimated loss from these loss contingencies when we believe it is probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. Some of the pending matters have been filed as purported class actions and some actions have been filed in certain jurisdictions that permit punitive damage awards that are disproportionate to the actual damages incurred. The amounts sought in certain of these actions are often large or indeterminate and the ultimate outcome of certain actions is difficult to predict. In the event of an adverse outcome in one or more of these matters, there is a possibility that the ultimate liability may be in excess of the liabilities we have established and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In addition, the resolution of pending or future litigation may involve modifications to the terms of outstanding insurance policies or could impact the timing and amount of rate increases, which could adversely affect the future profitability of the related insurance policies. Based upon information presently available, and in light of legal, factual and other defenses available to the Company and its subsidiaries, the Company does not believe that it is probable that the ultimate liability from either pending or threatened legal actions, after consideration of existing loss provisions, will have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial condition, operating results or cash flows. However, given the inherent difficulty in predicting the outcome of legal proceedings, there exists the possibility that such legal actions could have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial condition, operating results or cash flows.
In addition to the inherent difficulty of predicting litigation outcomes, particularly those that will be decided by a jury, some matters purport to seek substantial or an unspecified amount of damages for unsubstantiated conduct spanning several years based on complex legal theories and damages models. The alleged damages typically are indeterminate or not factually supported in the complaint, and, in any event, the Company's experience indicates that monetary demands for damages often bear little relation to the ultimate loss. In some cases, plaintiffs are seeking to certify classes in the litigation and class certification either has been denied or is pending and we have filed oppositions to class certification or sought to decertify a prior class certification. In addition, for many of these cases: (i) there is uncertainty as to the outcome of pending appeals or motions; (ii) there are significant factual issues to be resolved; and/or (iii) there are novel legal issues presented. Accordingly, the Company cannot reasonably estimate the possible loss or range of loss in excess of amounts accrued, if any, or predict the timing of the eventual resolution of these matters. The Company reviews these matters on an ongoing basis. When assessing reasonably possible and probable outcomes, the Company bases its assessment on the expected ultimate outcome following all appeals.
On April 9, 2019, Bankers Conseco Life Insurance Company ("BCLIC") and Washington National commenced an action entitled Bankers Conseco Life Insurance Company and Washington National Insurance Company v. Wilmington Trust, National Association, in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Commercial Division (the "Wilmington Action"). BCLIC and Washington National seek an unspecified amount of damages, costs, attorney's fees, and other relief as the court deems appropriate. In the Wilmington Action, BCLIC and Washington National assert claims against Wilmington Trust, National Association ("Wilmington") for breaching its express contractual obligations under four trust agreements pursuant to which Wilmington was the trustee in regard to trust assets ceded as part of reinsurance agreements with Beechwood Re Ltd. ("BRe"), as well as for breaching its fiduciary duties to BCLIC and Washington National. The Court granted Wilmington’s motion to dismiss this litigation. BCLIC and Washington National appealed the Court’s decision, which appeal is awaiting oral argument before the New York Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department.
On June 7, 2019, the Joint Official Liquidators of Platinum Partners Value Arbitrage Fund L.P. (in Official Liquidation) and Principal Growth Strategies, LLC, commenced suit against, among others, CNO Financial Group, Inc., BCLIC, Washington National and 40|86 Advisors, Inc. (collectively, the "CNO Parties") in Delaware Chancery Court. Plaintiffs seek an unspecified amount of damages, costs, attorney's fees, and other relief as the court deems appropriate. Plaintiffs allege that the CNO Parties were unjustly enriched when they terminated BCLIC and Washington National's reinsurance agreements with BRe and recaptured assets from reinsurance trusts, in particular, Agera securities. Plaintiffs contend that the Agera securities were fraudulently transferred to the reinsurance trusts by other Platinum-related entities and they are seeking to claw back those Agera securities, or the value of those assets, from the CNO Parties. The CNO Parties are vigorously contesting the plaintiff's claims. The CNO Parties had removed the case to the United States District Court for the District of Delaware but on April 6, 2020, the District Court granted the plaintiff's motion to remand the case back to the Delaware Chancery Court. Plaintiffs have filed an Amended Complaint and the CNO Parties have moved to dismiss the Amended Complaint.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
On June 28, 2019, BCLIC and Washington National commenced an action entitled Bankers Conseco Life Insurance Company and Washington National Insurance Company v. KPMG LLP, in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Commercial Division (the "KPMG Action"). BCLIC and Washington National seek an unspecified amount of damages, costs, attorney's fees, and other relief as the court deems appropriate. In the KPMG Action, BCLIC and Washington National assert claims against KPMG LLP ("KPMG") for aiding and abetting fraud, constructive fraud and negligent misrepresentation arising from KPMG's alleged role in the Platinum Partners' scheme to defraud BCLIC and Washington National into reinsuring its long-term care business with BRe. The Court granted KPMG’s motion to dismiss this litigation. BCLIC and Washington National appealed the Court's decision. On December 1, 2020, the New York Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, First Judicial Department unanimously reversed the Trial Court and reinstated the aiding and abetting claim against KPMG. The KPMG Action is currently pending in the Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Commercial Division.
Regulatory Examinations and Fines
Insurance companies face significant risks related to regulatory investigations and actions. Regulatory investigations generally result from matters related to sales or underwriting practices, payment of contingent or other sales commissions, claim payments and procedures, product design, product disclosure, additional premium charges for premiums paid on a periodic basis, denial or delay of benefits, charging excessive or impermissible fees on products, procedures related to canceling policies, changing the way cost of insurance charges are calculated for certain life insurance products or recommending unsuitable products to customers. We are, in the ordinary course of our business, subject to various examinations, inquiries and information requests from state, federal and other authorities. The ultimate outcome of these regulatory actions (including the costs of complying with information requests and policy reviews) cannot be predicted with certainty. In the event of an unfavorable outcome in one or more of these matters, the ultimate liability may be in excess of liabilities we have established and we could suffer significant reputational harm as a result of these matters, which could also have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In August 2011, we were notified of an examination to be done on behalf of a number of states for the purpose of determining compliance with unclaimed property laws by the Company and its subsidiaries. Such examination has included inquiries related to the use of data available on the U.S. Social Security Administration's Death Master File ("SSADMF") to identify instances where benefits under life insurance policies, annuities and retained asset accounts are payable. We are continuing to provide information to the examiners in response to their requests. A total of 41 states and the District of Columbia participated in this examination. In November 2018, we entered into a Global Resolution Agreement for compliance with laws and regulations concerning the identification, reporting and escheatment of unclaimed contract benefits or abandoned funds. Under the terms of the Global Resolution Agreement, a third-party auditor acting on behalf of the signatory jurisdictions is comparing expanded matching criteria to the SSADMF to identify deceased insureds and contract holders where a valid claim has not been made.
Guaranty Fund Assessments
The balance sheet at December 31, 2020, included: (i) accruals of $7.6 million, representing our estimate of all known assessments that will be levied against the Company's insurance subsidiaries by various state guaranty associations based on premiums written through December 31, 2020; and (ii) receivables of $14.8 million that we estimate will be recovered through a reduction in future premium taxes as a result of such assessments. At December 31, 2019, such guaranty fund assessment accruals were $8.9 million and such receivables were $16.8 million. These estimates are subject to change when the associations determine more precisely the losses that have occurred and how such losses will be allocated among the insurance companies. We recognized expense for such assessments of $2.9 million, $2.1 million and $2.3 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Guarantees
In accordance with the terms of the employment agreements of two of the Company's former chief executive officers, certain wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company are the guarantors of the former executives' nonqualified supplemental retirement benefits. The liability for such benefits was $22.0 million and $22.7 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, and is included in the caption "Other liabilities" in the consolidated balance sheet.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Leases and Certain Other Long-Term Commitments
The Company rents office space, equipment and computer software under contractual commitments or noncancellable operating lease agreements. In addition, the Company has entered into certain sponsorship agreements which require future payments. Total expense pursuant to these agreements was $74.9 million, $67.0 million and $67.0 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
The Company rents office space for certain administrative operations under an agreement that expires in 2023. We lease sales offices in various states which are generally short-term in length with remaining lease terms expiring between 2021 and 2027. Many leases include an option to extend or renew the lease term. The exercise of the renewal option is at the Company's discretion. The operating lease liability includes lease payments related to options to extend or renew the lease term only if the Company is reasonably certain of exercising those options. In determining the present value of lease payments, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate for borrowings secured by collateral commensurate with the terms of the underlying lease.
Information related to our right of use assets are as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
Operating lease expense
|
$
|
25.0
|
|
|
$
|
25.0
|
|
Cash paid for operating lease liability
|
25.7
|
|
|
24.3
|
|
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for lease liabilities (non-cash transactions)
|
11.5
|
|
|
22.7
|
|
Total right of use assets
|
54.7
|
|
|
66.5
|
|
Maturities of our operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2020 are as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
$
|
22.8
|
|
2022
|
18.0
|
|
2023
|
13.3
|
|
2024
|
5.5
|
|
2025
|
1.9
|
|
Thereafter
|
.7
|
|
Total undiscounted lease payments
|
62.2
|
|
Less interest
|
(2.2)
|
|
Present value of lease liabilities
|
$
|
60.0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average remaining lease term (in years)
|
3.2
|
Weighted average discount rate
|
2.36
|
%
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
9. AGENT DEFERRED COMPENSATION PLAN
For our agent deferred compensation plan, it is our policy to immediately recognize changes in the actuarial benefit obligation resulting from either actual experience being different than expected or from changes in actuarial assumptions.
One of our insurance subsidiaries has a noncontributory, unfunded deferred compensation plan for qualifying members of its exclusive agency force. Benefits were based on years of service and career earnings. In 2016, the agent deferred compensation plan was amended to: (i) freeze participation in the plan; (ii) freeze benefits accrued under the plan; and (iii) add a limited cashout feature. The actuarial measurement date of this deferred compensation plan is December 31. The liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheet for the agent deferred compensation plan was $190.7 million and $175.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Expenses incurred on this plan were $22.8 million, $27.0 million and $(5.2) million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively (including the recognition of gains (losses) of $(16.3) million, $(20.4) million and $11.9 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, primarily resulting from: (i) changes in the discount rate assumption used to determine the deferred compensation plan liability to reflect current investment yields; and (ii) changes in mortality table assumptions. We purchased COLI as an investment vehicle to fund the agent deferred compensation plan. The COLI assets are not assets of the agent deferred compensation plan, and as a result, are accounted for outside the plan and are recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as other invested assets. The carrying value of the COLI assets was $209.7 million and $194.0 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Death benefits related to the COLI and changes in the cash surrender value (which approximates net realizable value) of the COLI assets are recorded as net investment income (loss) on special-purpose portfolios and totaled $15.7 million, $22.3 million and $(10.6) million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
We used the following assumptions for the deferred compensation plan to calculate:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Benefit obligations:
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
2.50
|
%
|
|
3.25
|
%
|
Net periodic cost:
|
|
|
|
Discount rate
|
3.25
|
%
|
|
4.25
|
%
|
The discount rate is based on the yield of a hypothetical portfolio of high quality debt instruments which could effectively settle plan benefits on a present value basis as of the measurement date.
The benefits expected to be paid pursuant to our agent deferred compensation plan as of December 31, 2020 were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
2021
|
$
|
7.8
|
|
2022
|
8.1
|
|
2023
|
8.5
|
|
2024
|
8.7
|
|
2025
|
8.8
|
|
2026 - 2030
|
46.2
|
|
One of our insurance subsidiaries has another unfunded nonqualified deferred compensation program for qualifying members of its exclusive agency force. Such agents may defer a certain percentage of their net commissions into the program. In addition, annual Company contributions are made based on the agent's production and vest over a period of five to 10 years. The liability recognized in the consolidated balance sheet for this program was $53.3 million and $41.5 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Company contribution expense totaled $4.9 million, $5.0 million and $5.5 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. We purchased Trust-Owned Life Insurance ("TOLI") as an investment vehicle to fund the program. The TOLI assets are not assets of the program, and as a result, are accounted for outside the program and are recorded in the consolidated balance sheet as other invested assets. The carrying value of the TOLI assets was $47.8 million and $36.2 million at December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The Company has a qualified defined contribution plan for which substantially all employees are eligible. Company contributions, which match a portion of certain voluntary employee contributions to the plan, totaled $6.0 million, $6.1 million and $5.8 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Employer matching contributions are discretionary.
10. DERIVATIVES
Our freestanding and embedded derivatives, which are not designated as hedging instruments, are held at fair value and are summarized as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fair value
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
Other invested assets:
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index call options
|
|
$
|
216.7
|
|
|
$
|
203.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
|
1.4
|
|
|
(1.2)
|
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
218.1
|
|
|
$
|
202.6
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
Policyholder account liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index products
|
|
$
|
1,644.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,565.4
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
$
|
1,644.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,565.4
|
|
We are required to establish an embedded derivative related to a modified coinsurance agreement pursuant to which we assume the risks of a block of health insurance business. The embedded derivative represents the mark-to-market adjustment for approximately $112 million in underlying investments held by the ceding reinsurer at December 31, 2020.
The activity associated with freestanding derivative instruments is measured as either the notional or the number of contracts. The activity associated with the fixed index annuity embedded derivatives are shown by the number of policies. The following table represents activity associated with derivative instruments as of the dates indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Measurement
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
Additions
|
|
Maturities/terminations
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index annuities - embedded derivative
|
|
Policies
|
|
113,652
|
|
|
11,553
|
|
|
(8,291)
|
|
|
116,914
|
|
Fixed index call options
|
|
Notional (a)
|
|
$
|
3,166.3
|
|
|
$
|
2,540.1
|
|
|
$
|
(3,268.3)
|
|
|
$
|
2,438.1
|
|
_________________
(a) Dollars in millions.
The following table provides the pre-tax gains (losses) recognized in net income for derivative instruments, which are not designated as hedges for the periods indicated (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Net investment income from policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index call options
|
|
$
|
39.5
|
|
|
$
|
151.9
|
|
|
$
|
(43.0)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains (losses):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivative related to modified coinsurance agreement
|
|
2.6
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
|
(5.1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Embedded derivative related to fixed index annuities
|
|
77.9
|
|
|
(82.9)
|
|
|
107.8
|
|
Total
|
|
$
|
120.0
|
|
|
$
|
74.3
|
|
|
$
|
59.7
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Derivative Counterparty Risk
If the counterparties to the call options fail to meet their obligations, we may recognize a loss. We limit our exposure to such a loss by diversifying among several counterparties believed to be strong and creditworthy. At December 31, 2020, all of our counterparties were rated "A" or higher by S&P.
The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to master netting arrangements with its counterparties related to entering into various derivative contracts.
The following table summarizes information related to derivatives with master netting arrangements or collateral as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross amounts not offset in the balance sheet
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross amounts recognized
|
|
Gross amounts offset in the balance sheet
|
|
Net amounts of assets presented in the balance sheet
|
|
Financial instruments
|
|
Cash collateral received
|
|
Net amount
|
December 31, 2020:
|
|
|
|
Fixed index call options
|
|
$
|
216.7
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
216.7
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
216.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fixed index call options
|
|
203.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
203.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
203.8
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
In May 2011, the Company announced a securities repurchase program. In 2020, 2019 and 2018, we repurchased 14.5 million, 15.4 million and 5.5 million shares, respectively, for $263.0 million, $252.3 million (including $1.8 million of repurchases settled in the first quarter of 2020), and $100.9 million, respectively, under the securities repurchase program. The Company had remaining repurchase authority of $269.3 million as of December 31, 2020.
In 2020, 2019 and 2018, dividends declared on common stock totaled $67.4 million ($0.47 per common share), $67.2 million ($0.43 per common share) and $65.1 million ($0.39 per common share), respectively. In May 2020, the Company increased its quarterly common stock dividend to $0.12 per share from $0.11 per share. In May 2019, the Company increased its quarterly common stock dividend to $0.11 per share from $0.10 per share. In May 2018, the Company increased its quarterly common stock dividend to $0.10 per share from $0.09 per share.
The Company has a long-term incentive plan which permits the grant of CNO incentive or non-qualified stock options, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units, stock appreciation rights, performance shares or units and certain other equity-based awards to certain directors, officers and employees of the Company and certain other individuals who perform services for the Company. As of December 31, 2020, 8.8 million shares remained available for issuance under the plan. Our stock option awards are generally granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of the Company's stock on the date of grant and a maximum term of ten years. Our stock options granted in 2010 through 2014 generally vest on a graded basis over a three year service term and expire seven years from the date of grant. Our stock options granted in 2015 through 2019 generally vest on a graded basis over a three year service term and expire ten years from the date of grant. In 2018, one grant of 1.6 million of stock options vests on a graded basis over a five year service term and expires ten years from the date of grant. The vesting periods for our awards of restricted stock and restricted stock units (collectively "restricted stock") range from immediate vesting to a period of three years.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
A summary of the Company's stock option activity and related information for 2020 is presented below (shares in thousands; dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
|
Weighted average remaining life (in years)
|
|
Aggregate intrinsic value
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
|
6,015
|
|
|
$
|
18.59
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options granted
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
(1,104)
|
|
|
(16.59)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
9.0
|
|
Forfeited or terminated
|
(367)
|
|
|
(19.40)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year
|
4,544
|
|
|
19.01
|
|
|
5.6
|
|
$
|
27.5
|
|
Options exercisable at the end of the year
|
2,946
|
|
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
$
|
19.9
|
|
Available for future grant
|
8,789
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary of the Company's stock option activity and related information for 2019 is presented below (shares in thousands; dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
|
Weighted average remaining life (in years)
|
|
Aggregate intrinsic value
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
|
6,539
|
|
|
$
|
17.77
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options granted
|
801
|
|
|
17.25
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
(787)
|
|
|
(9.95)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
5.5
|
|
Forfeited or terminated
|
(538)
|
|
|
(19.32)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year
|
6,015
|
|
|
18.59
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
$
|
38.7
|
|
Options exercisable at the end of the year
|
3,517
|
|
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
$
|
25.8
|
|
Available for future grant
|
4,670
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A summary of the Company's stock option activity and related information for 2018 is presented below (shares in thousands; dollars in millions, except per share amounts):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted average exercise price
|
|
Weighted average remaining life (in years)
|
|
Aggregate intrinsic value
|
Outstanding at the beginning of the year
|
5,121
|
|
|
$
|
15.95
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options granted
|
2,112
|
|
|
21.03
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercised
|
(447)
|
|
|
(10.94)
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
3.1
|
|
Forfeited or terminated
|
(247)
|
|
|
(20.29)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding at the end of the year
|
6,539
|
|
|
17.77
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
$
|
44.4
|
|
Options exercisable at the end of the year
|
3,247
|
|
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
$
|
26.7
|
|
Available for future grant
|
5,296
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We recognized compensation expense related to stock options totaling $2.6 million ($2.1 million after income taxes) in 2020, $3.8 million ($3.0 million after income taxes) in 2019 and $5.6 million ($4.5 million after income taxes) in 2018. Compensation expense related to stock options reduced both basic and diluted earnings per share by one cent in 2020, two cents in 2019 and three cents in 2018. At December 31, 2020, the unrecognized compensation expense for non-vested stock options totaled $3.3 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.0 years. Cash received by the Company from the exercise of stock options was $16.5 million, $6.9 million and $3.9 million during 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The fair value of each stock option grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option valuation model with the following weighted average assumptions (there were no stock option grants in 2020):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
Grants
|
|
Grants
|
Weighted average risk-free interest rates
|
2.4
|
%
|
|
2.9
|
%
|
Weighted average dividend yields
|
2.4
|
%
|
|
1.9
|
%
|
Volatility factors
|
26
|
%
|
|
27
|
%
|
Weighted average expected life (in years)
|
6.3
|
|
6.4
|
Weighted average fair value per share
|
$
|
3.90
|
|
|
$
|
5.49
|
|
The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield is based on the Company's history and expectation of dividend payouts. Volatility factors are based on the weekly historical volatility of the Company's common stock equal to the expected life of the option. The expected life is based on the average of the graded vesting period and the contractual terms of the option.
The exercise price was equal to the market price of our stock on the date of grant for all options granted in 2019 and 2018.
The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding at December 31, 2020 (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding
|
|
Options exercisable
|
Range of exercise prices
|
|
Number outstanding
|
|
Remaining life (in years)
|
|
Average exercise price
|
|
Number exercisable
|
|
Average exercise price
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15.08 - $21.57
|
|
4,177
|
|
|
5.5
|
|
18.63
|
|
|
2,763
|
|
|
$
|
18.53
|
|
$23.33
|
|
367
|
|
|
6.8
|
|
23.33
|
|
|
183
|
|
|
23.33
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,544
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2,946
|
|
|
|
During 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted restricted stock of 0.5 million, 0.5 million and 0.4 million, respectively, to certain directors, officers and employees of the Company at a weighted average fair value of $18.28 per share, $17.07 per share and $22.36 per share, respectively. The fair value of such grants totaled $9.5 million, $8.1 million and $9.7 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. Such amounts are recognized as compensation expense over the vesting period of the restricted stock. A summary of the Company's non-vested restricted stock activity for 2020 is presented below (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares
|
|
Weighted average grant date fair value
|
Non-vested shares, beginning of year
|
828
|
|
|
$
|
19.49
|
|
Granted
|
520
|
|
|
18.28
|
|
Vested
|
(349)
|
|
|
19.59
|
|
Forfeited
|
(31)
|
|
|
19.34
|
|
Non-vested shares, end of year
|
968
|
|
|
18.80
|
|
At December 31, 2020, the unrecognized compensation expense for non-vested restricted stock totaled $7.8 million which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years. At December 31, 2019, the unrecognized compensation expense for non-vested restricted stock totaled $7.6 million. We recognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards totaling $8.7 million, $7.2 million and $7.1 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The fair value of restricted stock that vested during 2020, 2019 and 2018 was $6.8 million, $6.5 million and $4.2 million, respectively.
In 2020, 2019 and 2018, the Company granted performance units totaling 493,630, 485,830 and 319,920, respectively, pursuant to its long-term incentive plan to certain officers of the Company. The criteria for payment for such awards are based
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
on certain company-wide performance levels that must be achieved within a specified performance time (generally one to three years), each as defined in the award. The performance units granted in 2020, 2019 and 2018 provide for a payout of up to 200 percent of the award if certain performance thresholds are achieved. Unless antidilutive, the diluted weighted average shares outstanding would reflect the number of performance units expected to be issued, using the treasury stock method.
A summary of the Company's performance units is presented below (shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total shareholder return awards
|
|
Operating return on equity awards
|
|
Operating earnings per share awards
|
Awards outstanding at December 31, 2017
|
629
|
|
|
629
|
|
|
|
Granted in 2018
|
160
|
|
|
160
|
|
|
|
Additional shares issued pursuant to achieving certain performance criteria (a)
|
—
|
|
|
123
|
|
|
|
Shares vested in 2018
|
(160)
|
|
|
(318)
|
|
|
|
Forfeited
|
(61)
|
|
|
(26)
|
|
|
|
Awards outstanding at December 31, 2018
|
568
|
|
|
568
|
|
|
|
Granted in 2019
|
243
|
|
|
243
|
|
|
|
Additional shares issued pursuant to achieving certain performance criteria (a)
|
—
|
|
|
113
|
|
|
|
Shares vested in 2019
|
—
|
|
|
(297)
|
|
|
|
Forfeited
|
(260)
|
|
|
(76)
|
|
|
|
Awards outstanding at December 31, 2019
|
551
|
|
|
551
|
|
|
—
|
|
Granted in 2020
|
—
|
|
|
247
|
|
|
247
|
|
Additional shares issued pursuant to achieving certain performance criteria (a)
|
—
|
|
|
138
|
|
|
—
|
|
Shares vested in 2020
|
—
|
|
|
(281)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Forfeited
|
(212)
|
|
|
(74)
|
|
|
(8)
|
|
Awards outstanding at December 31, 2020
|
339
|
|
|
581
|
|
|
239
|
|
_________________________
(a) The performance units that vested in 2018, 2019 and 2020 provided for a payout of up to 200 percent of the award if certain performance levels were achieved.
The grant date fair value of the performance units awarded was $10.1 million and $9.4 million in 2020 and 2019, respectively. We recognized compensation expense of $12.5 million, $7.8 million and $12.0 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively, related to the performance units.
As further discussed in the footnote to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Income Taxes", the Company's Board of Directors adopted the Section 382 Rights Agreement in 2009 and has amended and extended the Section 382 Rights Agreement on four occasions. The Section 382 Rights Agreement, as amended, is designed to protect shareholder value by preserving the value of our tax assets primarily associated with NOLs. At the time the Section 382 Rights Agreement was adopted, the Company declared a dividend of one preferred share purchase right (a "Right") for each outstanding share of common stock. The dividend was payable on January 30, 2009, to the shareholders of record as of the close of business on that date and a Right is also attached to each share of CNO common stock issued after that date. Pursuant to the Section 382 Rights Agreement, as amended, each Right entitles the shareholder to purchase from the Company one one-thousandth of a share of Series E Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.01 per share (the "Junior Preferred Stock") of the Company at a price of $95.00 per one one-thousandth of a share of Junior Preferred Stock. The description and terms of the Rights are set forth in the Section 382 Rights Agreement, as amended. The Rights would become exercisable in the event any person or group (subject to certain exemptions) becomes an owner of more than 4.99 percent of the outstanding stock of CNO (a "Threshold Holder") without the approval of the Board of Directors or an existing shareholder who is currently a Threshold Holder acquires additional shares exceeding one percent of our outstanding shares without prior approval from the Board of Directors.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
A reconciliation of net income and shares used to calculate basic and diluted earnings per share is as follows (dollars in millions and shares in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) for diluted earnings per share
|
$
|
301.8
|
|
|
$
|
409.4
|
|
|
$
|
(315.0)
|
|
|
|
Shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding for basic earnings per share
|
142,096
|
|
|
156,040
|
|
|
165,457
|
|
|
|
Effect of dilutive securities on weighted average shares:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amounts related to employee benefit plans
|
1,068
|
|
|
1,108
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted average shares outstanding for diluted earnings per share
|
143,164
|
|
|
157,148
|
|
|
165,457
|
|
|
|
In 2018, equivalent common shares of 2,104,000 (related to stock options, restricted stock and performance units) were not included in the diluted weighted average shares outstanding, because their inclusion would have been antidilutive due to the net loss recognized by the Company in such period.
Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Restricted shares (including our performance units) are not included in basic earnings per share until vested. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if outstanding stock options were exercised and restricted stock was vested. The dilution from options and restricted shares is calculated using the treasury stock method. Under this method, we assume the proceeds from the exercise of the options (or the unrecognized compensation expense with respect to restricted stock and performance units) will be used to purchase shares of our common stock at the average market price during the period, reducing the dilutive effect of the exercise of the options (or the vesting of the restricted stock and performance units).
12. OTHER OPERATING STATEMENT DATA
Insurance policy income consisted of the following (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Direct premiums collected
|
$
|
4,176.0
|
|
|
$
|
4,311.9
|
|
|
$
|
4,150.3
|
|
Reinsurance assumed
|
23.0
|
|
|
25.1
|
|
|
27.8
|
|
Reinsurance ceded
|
(247.8)
|
|
|
(267.9)
|
|
|
(156.2)
|
|
Premiums collected, net of reinsurance
|
3,951.2
|
|
|
4,069.1
|
|
|
4,021.9
|
|
Change in unearned premiums
|
9.2
|
|
|
(7.5)
|
|
|
6.5
|
|
Less premiums on interest-sensitive life and products without mortality and morbidity risk which are recorded as additions to insurance liabilities
|
(1,620.1)
|
|
|
(1,743.1)
|
|
|
(1,588.5)
|
|
Premiums on traditional products with mortality or morbidity risk
|
2,340.3
|
|
|
2,318.5
|
|
|
2,439.9
|
|
Fees and surrender charges on interest-sensitive products
|
171.0
|
|
|
162.3
|
|
|
153.2
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
2,511.3
|
|
|
$
|
2,480.8
|
|
|
$
|
2,593.1
|
|
The three states with the largest shares of 2020 collected premiums were Florida (11 percent), Pennsylvania (6 percent) and Texas (5 percent). No other state accounted for more than five percent of total collected premiums.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Other operating costs and expenses were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Commission expense
|
$
|
111.8
|
|
|
$
|
133.6
|
|
|
$
|
122.8
|
|
Salaries and wages
|
252.6
|
|
|
238.2
|
|
|
233.2
|
|
Other
|
577.6
|
|
|
561.1
|
|
|
458.2
|
|
Total other operating costs and expenses
|
$
|
942.0
|
|
|
$
|
932.9
|
|
|
$
|
814.2
|
|
Changes in deferred acquisition costs were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Balance, beginning of year
|
$
|
1,215.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,322.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,026.8
|
|
Additions
|
275.8
|
|
|
288.7
|
|
|
261.8
|
|
Amortization
|
(233.4)
|
|
|
(195.4)
|
|
|
(219.2)
|
|
Effect of reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1.2)
|
|
Amounts related to changes in unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturities, available for sale
|
(230.1)
|
|
|
(189.6)
|
|
|
254.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other adjustments (a)
|
—
|
|
|
(10.7)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Balance, end of year
|
$
|
1,027.8
|
|
|
$
|
1,215.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,322.5
|
|
Changes in the present value of future profits were as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Balance, beginning of year
|
$
|
275.4
|
|
|
$
|
343.6
|
|
|
$
|
359.6
|
|
Amortization
|
(34.7)
|
|
|
(36.7)
|
|
|
(45.1)
|
|
Effect of reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(60.4)
|
|
Amounts related to changes in unrealized investment gains (losses) on fixed maturities, available for sale
|
8.7
|
|
|
(14.4)
|
|
|
89.5
|
|
Other adjustments (a)
|
—
|
|
|
(17.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Balance, end of year
|
$
|
249.4
|
|
|
$
|
275.4
|
|
|
$
|
343.6
|
|
___________________
(a) These adjustments were recognized in conjunction with the conversion to a new valuation software system for certain non-interest sensitive life insurance business. The adjustments had no impact on net income since comparable reductions in insurance policy liabilities were also recognized in conjunction with the conversion.
Based on current conditions and assumptions as to future events on all policies inforce, the Company expects to amortize approximately 10 percent of the December 31, 2020 balance of the present value of future profits in 2021, 9 percent in 2022, 8 percent in 2023, 7 percent in 2024 and 6 percent in 2025. The discount rate used to determine the amortization of the present value of future profits averaged approximately 5 percent in the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018.
In accordance with authoritative guidance, we are required to amortize the present value of future profits in relation to estimated gross profits for interest-sensitive life products and annuity products. Such guidance also requires that estimates of expected gross profits used as a basis for amortization be evaluated regularly, and that the total amortization recorded to date be adjusted by a charge or credit to the statement of operations, if actual experience or other evidence suggests that earlier estimates should be revised.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
13. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
The following disclosures supplement our consolidated statement of cash flows.
The following reconciles net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Cash flows from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
301.8
|
|
|
$
|
409.4
|
|
|
$
|
(315.0)
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortization and depreciation
|
303.9
|
|
|
267.9
|
|
|
292.2
|
|
Income taxes
|
14.1
|
|
|
(132.8)
|
|
|
18.4
|
|
Insurance liabilities
|
397.6
|
|
|
632.4
|
|
|
207.8
|
|
Accrual and amortization of investment income
|
(125.2)
|
|
|
(240.7)
|
|
|
14.9
|
|
Deferral of policy acquisition costs
|
(275.8)
|
|
|
(288.7)
|
|
|
(261.7)
|
|
Net realized investment (gains) losses
|
36.2
|
|
|
(28.2)
|
|
|
11.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net realized gains on the transfer of assets related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(363.4)
|
|
Loss related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,067.6
|
|
Payment to reinsurer pursuant to long-term care business reinsured
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(365.0)
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Other
|
82.9
|
|
|
70.1
|
|
|
6.9
|
|
Net cash from operating activities
|
$
|
735.5
|
|
|
$
|
696.7
|
|
|
$
|
317.8
|
|
The following summarizes the impact of the reinsurance transaction completed on September 27, 2018 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments transferred
|
$
|
(3,582.1)
|
|
(a)
|
Cash paid to reinsurer
|
(365.0)
|
|
|
Accrued interest on investments transferred
|
(51.6)
|
|
|
Present value of future profits and deferred acquisition costs written-off
|
(61.6)
|
|
|
Reinsurance receivables
|
2,818.0
|
|
|
Transaction expenses and other
|
(14.6)
|
|
|
Release of future loss reserve
|
189.3
|
|
|
Subtotal
|
(1,067.6)
|
|
|
Realized gains on investments transferred
|
363.4
|
|
|
Pre-tax loss related to reinsurance transaction
|
$
|
(704.2)
|
|
|
______________
(a)Such non-cash amounts are not included in the consolidated statement of cash flows.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Other non-cash items not reflected in the investing and financing activities sections of the consolidated statement of cash flows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Stock options, restricted stock and performance units
|
$
|
24.5
|
|
|
$
|
19.3
|
|
|
$
|
24.7
|
|
14. STATUTORY INFORMATION (BASED ON NON-GAAP MEASURES)
Statutory accounting practices prescribed or permitted by regulatory authorities for the Company's insurance subsidiaries differ from GAAP. The Company's insurance subsidiaries reported the following amounts to regulatory agencies, after appropriate elimination of intercompany accounts among such subsidiaries (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Statutory capital and surplus
|
$
|
1,805.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,696.6
|
|
Asset valuation reserve
|
304.0
|
|
|
295.9
|
|
Interest maintenance reserve
|
406.6
|
|
|
420.1
|
|
Total
|
$
|
2,516.1
|
|
|
$
|
2,412.6
|
|
Statutory capital and surplus included investments in upstream affiliates of $42.6 million at both December 31, 2020 and 2019, which were eliminated in the consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Statutory earnings build the capital required by ratings agencies and regulators. Statutory earnings, fees and interest paid by the insurance companies to the parent company create the "cash flow capacity" the parent company needs to meet its obligations, including debt service. The consolidated statutory net income (loss) (a non-GAAP measure) of our insurance subsidiaries was $409.6 million, $291.4 million and $(293.3) million (including approximately $541 million loss related to a reinsurance transaction) in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In 2020, statutory net operating income and capital and surplus were favorably impacted by $99 million and $53 million, respectively, related to certain provisions in the CARES Act. The favorable impact resulted from provisions that permitted the carryback of net operating losses that were created after 2017 and the temporary repeal of the 80% limitation on the utilization of NOLs created after 2017. Net income in 2019 includes a $46.0 million tax benefit to be received from CNO (resulting from the implementation of a tax planning strategy). Such amount is offset by an accrued dividend of $46.0 million payable to the non-life parent of the insurance subsidiaries. Accordingly, there was no impact on capital and surplus in 2019 related to these transactions. Also included in net income were net realized capital gains (losses), net of income taxes, of $(11.9) million, $(16.6) million and $43.8 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively. In addition, such net income included pre-tax amounts for fees and interest paid to CNO or its non-life subsidiaries totaling $163.8 million, $166.3 million and $159.2 million in 2020, 2019 and 2018, respectively.
Insurance regulators may prohibit the payment of dividends or other payments by our insurance subsidiaries to parent companies if they determine that such payment could be adverse to our policyholders or contract holders. Otherwise, the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends is subject to state insurance department regulations. Insurance regulations generally permit dividends to be paid from statutory earned surplus of the insurance company without regulatory approval for any 12-month period in amounts equal to the greater of (or in some states, the lesser of): (i) statutory net gain from operations or statutory net income for the prior year; or (ii) 10 percent of statutory capital and surplus as of the end of the preceding year. However, as each of the immediate insurance subsidiaries of CDOC, Inc. ("CDOC", our wholly owned subsidiary and the immediate parent of Washington National and Conseco Life Insurance Company of Texas) has negative earned surplus, any dividend payments from the insurance subsidiaries to CNO requires the prior approval of the director or commissioner of the applicable state insurance department. During 2020, our insurance subsidiaries paid dividends of $294.1 million to CDOC.
The payment of interest on surplus debentures requires either prior written notice or approval of the director or commissioner of the applicable state insurance department. Dividends and other payments from our non-insurance subsidiaries to CNO or CDOC do not require approval by any regulatory authority or other third party.
In accordance with an order from the Florida Office of Insurance Regulation, Washington National may not distribute funds to any affiliate or shareholder, except pursuant to agreements that have been approved, without prior notice to the Florida
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Office of Insurance Regulation. In addition, the risk-based capital ("RBC") and other capital requirements described below can also limit, in certain circumstances, the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends.
RBC requirements provide a tool for insurance regulators to determine the levels of statutory capital and surplus an insurer must maintain in relation to its insurance and investment risks and the need for possible regulatory attention. The RBC requirements provide four levels of regulatory attention, varying with the ratio of the insurance company's total adjusted capital (defined as the total of its statutory capital and surplus, asset valuation reserve and certain other adjustments) to its RBC (as measured on December 31 of each year) as follows: (i) if a company's total adjusted capital is less than 100 percent but greater than or equal to 75 percent of its RBC, the company must submit a comprehensive plan to the regulatory authority proposing corrective actions aimed at improving its capital position (the "Company Action Level"); (ii) if a company's total adjusted capital is less than 75 percent but greater than or equal to 50 percent of its RBC, the regulatory authority will perform a special examination of the company and issue an order specifying the corrective actions that must be taken; (iii) if a company's total adjusted capital is less than 50 percent but greater than or equal to 35 percent of its RBC, the regulatory authority may take any action it deems necessary, including placing the company under regulatory control; and (iv) if a company's total adjusted capital is less than 35 percent of its RBC, the regulatory authority must place the company under its control. In addition, the RBC requirements provide for a trend test if a company's total adjusted capital is between 100 percent and 150 percent of its RBC at the end of the year. The trend test calculates the greater of the decrease in the margin of total adjusted capital over RBC: (i) between the current year and the prior year; and (ii) for the average of the last 3 years. It assumes that such decrease could occur again in the coming year. Any company whose trended total adjusted capital is less than 95 percent of its RBC would trigger a requirement to submit a comprehensive plan as described above for the Company Action Level. The 2020 statutory annual statements of each of our insurance subsidiaries reflect total adjusted capital in excess of the levels that would subject our subsidiaries to any regulatory action.
In addition, although we are under no obligation to do so, we may elect to contribute additional capital or retain greater amounts of capital to strengthen the surplus of certain insurance subsidiaries. Any election to contribute or retain additional capital could impact the amounts our insurance subsidiaries pay as dividends to the holding company. The ability of our insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends is also impacted by various criteria established by rating agencies to maintain or receive higher ratings and by the capital levels that we target for our insurance subsidiaries.
At December 31, 2020, the consolidated RBC ratio of our insurance subsidiaries exceeded the minimum RBC requirement included in our Revolving Credit Agreement. See the note to the consolidated financial statements entitled "Notes Payable - Direct Corporate Obligations" for further discussion of various financial ratios and balances we are required to maintain. We calculate the consolidated RBC ratio by assuming all of the assets, liabilities, capital and surplus and other aspects of the business of our insurance subsidiaries are combined together in one insurance subsidiary, with appropriate intercompany eliminations.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
15. BUSINESS SEGMENTS
Prior to 2020, the Company managed its business through the following operating segments: Bankers Life, Washington National and Colonial Penn, which were defined on the basis of product distribution; long-term care in run-off; and corporate operations, comprised of holding company activities and certain noninsurance company businesses.
In January 2020, we announced a new operating model that changes how we view our operating segments. Instead of the operating business segments described above, we view our operations as three insurance product lines (annuity, health and life) and the investment and fee revenue segments. The new structure creates a leaner, more integrated, customer-centric organization that better positions us for long-term success and shareholder value creation. Our new segments are aligned based on their common characteristics, comparability of profit margins and the way management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of the business. We began reporting under the new segment structure in the first quarter of 2020. Prior period results have been reclassified to conform to the new reporting structure.
Our insurance product line segments (including annuity, health and life) include marketing, underwriting and administration of the policies our insurance subsidiaries sell. Under our new operating model, the business written in each of the three product categories through all of our insurance subsidiaries is aggregated allowing management and investors to assess the performance of each product category. When analyzing profitability of these segments, we use insurance product margin as the measure of profitability, which is: (i) insurance policy income; and (ii) net investment income allocated to the insurance product lines; less (i) insurance policy benefits and interest credited to policyholders; and (ii) amortization, non-deferred commissions and advertising expense. Net investment income is allocated to the product lines using the book yield of investments backing the block of business, which is applied to the average insurance liabilities, net of insurance intangibles, for the block in each period.
Income from insurance products is the sum of the insurance margins of the annuity, health and life product lines, less expenses allocated to the insurance lines. It excludes the income from our fee income business, investment income not allocated to product lines, net expenses not allocated to product lines (primarily holding company expenses) and income taxes. Management believes insurance product margin and income from insurance products help provide a better understanding of the business and a more meaningful analysis of the results of our insurance product lines.
Under our new structure, we market our insurance products through the Consumer and Worksite Divisions that reflect the customers served by the Company.
The Consumer Division serves individual consumers, engaging with them on the phone, online, face-to-face with agents, or through a combination of sales channels. This structure unifies consumer capabilities into a single division and integrates the strength of our agent sales forces and industry-leading direct-to-consumer business with proven experience in advertising, web/digital and call center support.
The Worksite Division focuses on worksite and group sales for businesses, associations, and other membership groups, interacting with customers at their place of employment. By creating a dedicated Worksite Division, we are bringing a sharper focus to this high-growth business while further capitalizing on the strength of our recent acquisition of Web Benefits Design Corporation ("WBD"). Sales in the Worksite Division have been particularly adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic given the challenges of interacting with customers at their place of employment.
The Consumer and Worksite Divisions are primarily focused on marketing insurance products, several types of which are sold in both divisions and underwritten in the same manner. Sales of group underwritten policies are currently not significant, but are expected to increase within the Worksite Division.
We also centralized certain functional areas previously housed in the three business segments, including marketing, business unit finance, sales training and support, and agent recruiting, among others. All policy, contract, and certificate terms, conditions, and benefits remain unchanged.
The investment segment involves the management of our capital resources, including investments and the management of corporate debt and liquidity. Our measure of profitability of this segment is the total net investment income not allocated to the insurance products. Investment income not allocated to product lines represents net investment income less: (i) equity returns credited to policyholder account balances; (ii) the investment income allocated to our product lines; (iii) interest expense
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
on notes payable and investment borrowings; and (iv) certain expenses related to benefit plans that are offset by special-purpose investment income. Investment income not allocated to product lines includes investment income on investments in excess of average insurance liabilities, investments held by our holding companies, the spread we earn from the FHLB investment borrowing program and variable components of investment income (including call and prepayment income, adjustments to returns on structured securities due to cash flow changes, income (loss) from COLI and alternative investment income not allocated to product lines), net of interest expense on corporate debt.
Our fee and other revenue segment includes the earnings generated from sales of third-party insurance products, services provided by WBD (our wholly owned on-line benefit administration firm) and the operations of our broker-dealer and registered investment advisor.
Expenses not allocated to product lines include the expenses of our corporate operations, excluding interest expense on debt.
We measure segment performance by excluding loss related to reinsurance agreement, net realized investment gains (losses), fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities (net of related amortization), fair value changes related to the agent deferred compensation plan, loss on extinguishment of debt, income taxes and other non-operating items consisting primarily of earnings attributable to VIEs ("pre-tax operating earnings") because we believe that this performance measure is a better indicator of the ongoing business and trends in our business. Our primary investment focus is on investment income to support our liabilities for insurance products as opposed to the generation of net realized investment gains (losses), and a long-term focus is necessary to maintain profitability over the life of the business.
The net realized investment gains (losses), fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities (net of related amortization), fair value changes related to the agent deferred compensation plan, loss on extinguishment of debt and other non-operating items consisting primarily of earnings attributable to VIEs depend on market conditions or represent unusual items that do not necessarily relate to the underlying business of our segments. Net realized investment gains (losses) and fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities (net of related amortization) may affect future earnings levels since our underlying business is long-term in nature and changes in our investment portfolio may impact our ability to earn the assumed interest rates needed to maintain the profitability of our business.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Operating information by segment was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
$
|
18.8
|
|
|
$
|
21.1
|
|
|
$
|
19.9
|
|
Net investment income
|
465.1
|
|
|
464.4
|
|
|
456.4
|
|
Total annuity revenues
|
483.9
|
|
|
485.5
|
|
|
476.3
|
|
Health:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
1,699.5
|
|
|
1,701.6
|
|
|
1,699.6
|
|
Net investment income
|
282.3
|
|
|
279.9
|
|
|
271.8
|
|
Total health revenues
|
1,981.8
|
|
|
1,981.5
|
|
|
1,971.4
|
|
Life:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
793.0
|
|
|
758.1
|
|
|
740.9
|
|
Net investment income
|
139.6
|
|
|
138.3
|
|
|
135.4
|
|
Total life revenues
|
932.6
|
|
|
896.4
|
|
|
876.3
|
|
Revenues related to the reinsured long-term care block prior to being ceded in the third quarter of 2018:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
132.7
|
|
Net investment income
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
138.5
|
|
Change in market values of the underlying options supporting the fixed index annuity and life products (offset by market value changes credited to policyholder balances)
|
37.8
|
|
|
153.7
|
|
|
(45.5)
|
|
Investment income not allocated to product lines
|
258.5
|
|
|
265.0
|
|
|
277.7
|
|
Fee revenue and other income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fee income
|
106.0
|
|
|
88.7
|
|
|
52.0
|
|
Amounts netted in expenses not allocated to product lines
|
6.9
|
|
|
39.7
|
|
|
9.4
|
|
Total segment revenues
|
$
|
3,807.5
|
|
|
$
|
3,910.5
|
|
|
$
|
3,888.8
|
|
(continued on next page)
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
(continued from previous page)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
$
|
(93.7)
|
|
|
$
|
12.8
|
|
|
$
|
37.1
|
|
Interest credited
|
170.6
|
|
|
166.9
|
|
|
156.5
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
110.3
|
|
|
75.7
|
|
|
69.1
|
|
Total annuity expenses
|
187.2
|
|
|
255.4
|
|
|
262.7
|
|
Health:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
1,329.7
|
|
|
1,424.9
|
|
|
1,434.6
|
|
Amortization and non-deferred commissions
|
192.3
|
|
|
193.7
|
|
|
185.7
|
|
Total health expenses
|
1,522.0
|
|
|
1,618.6
|
|
|
1,620.3
|
|
Life:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
570.0
|
|
|
513.6
|
|
|
497.2
|
|
Interest credited
|
44.5
|
|
|
41.9
|
|
|
40.5
|
|
Amortization, non-deferred commissions and advertising expense
|
153.1
|
|
|
144.8
|
|
|
134.2
|
|
Total life expenses
|
767.6
|
|
|
700.3
|
|
|
671.9
|
|
Expenses related to the reinsured long-term care block prior to being ceded in the third quarter of 2018:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Insurance policy benefits
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
226.5
|
|
Amortization
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7.0
|
|
Other operating costs and expenses
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
18.2
|
|
Allocated expenses
|
557.7
|
|
|
543.0
|
|
|
521.2
|
|
Expenses not allocated to product lines
|
90.7
|
|
|
93.1
|
|
|
89.7
|
|
Market value changes of options credited to fixed index annuity and life policyholders
|
37.8
|
|
|
153.7
|
|
|
(45.5)
|
|
Amounts netted in investment income not allocated to product lines:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
76.4
|
|
|
98.6
|
|
|
89.9
|
|
Other expenses
|
15.0
|
|
|
14.3
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
Expenses netted in fee revenue:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Distribution and commission expenses
|
89.3
|
|
|
65.2
|
|
|
41.6
|
|
Total segment expenses
|
3,343.7
|
|
|
3,542.2
|
|
|
3,507.6
|
|
Pre-tax measure of profitability:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity margin
|
296.7
|
|
|
230.1
|
|
|
213.6
|
|
Health margin
|
459.8
|
|
|
362.9
|
|
|
351.1
|
|
Life margin
|
165.0
|
|
|
196.1
|
|
|
204.4
|
|
Total insurance product margin
|
921.5
|
|
|
789.1
|
|
|
769.1
|
|
Allocated expenses
|
(557.7)
|
|
|
(543.0)
|
|
|
(521.2)
|
|
Income from insurance products
|
363.8
|
|
|
246.1
|
|
|
247.9
|
|
Ceded long-term care block
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
19.5
|
|
Fee income
|
16.7
|
|
|
23.5
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Investment income not allocated to product lines
|
167.1
|
|
|
152.1
|
|
|
183.7
|
|
Expenses not allocated to product lines
|
(83.8)
|
|
|
(53.4)
|
|
|
(80.3)
|
|
Operating earnings before taxes
|
463.8
|
|
|
368.3
|
|
|
381.2
|
|
Income tax expense on operating income
|
101.5
|
|
|
78.3
|
|
|
78.1
|
|
Net operating income
|
$
|
362.3
|
|
|
$
|
290.0
|
|
|
$
|
303.1
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
A reconciliation of segment revenues and expenses to consolidated revenues and expenses and net income is as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
Total segment revenues
|
$
|
3,807.5
|
|
|
$
|
3,910.5
|
|
|
$
|
3,888.8
|
|
Net realized investment gains (losses)
|
(36.2)
|
|
|
28.2
|
|
|
(11.3)
|
|
Net realized gains on the transfer of assets related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
363.4
|
|
Revenues related to earnings attributable to VIEs
|
35.5
|
|
|
57.4
|
|
|
67.4
|
|
Fee revenue related to transition services agreement
|
14.3
|
|
|
19.7
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
Consolidated revenues
|
3,821.1
|
|
|
4,015.8
|
|
|
4,313.5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment expenses
|
3,343.7
|
|
|
3,542.2
|
|
|
3,507.6
|
|
Insurance policy benefits - fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities
|
99.0
|
|
|
103.3
|
|
|
(68.3)
|
|
Amortization related to fair value changes in embedded derivative liabilities
|
(19.9)
|
|
|
(21.9)
|
|
|
12.8
|
|
Amortization related to net realized investment gains (losses)
|
(2.4)
|
|
|
.6
|
|
|
(.4)
|
|
Expenses attributable to VIEs
|
33.8
|
|
|
55.3
|
|
|
65.8
|
|
Fair value changes related to agent deferred compensation plan
|
16.3
|
|
|
20.4
|
|
|
(11.9)
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of debt
|
—
|
|
|
7.3
|
|
|
—
|
|
Loss related to reinsurance transaction
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,067.6
|
|
Expenses related to transition services agreement
|
8.8
|
|
|
18.5
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
Other expenses
|
(2.5)
|
|
|
15.9
|
|
|
—
|
|
Consolidated expenses
|
3,476.8
|
|
|
3,741.6
|
|
|
4,578.3
|
|
Income (loss) before tax
|
344.3
|
|
|
274.2
|
|
|
(264.8)
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit):
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tax expense (benefit) on period income (loss)
|
76.5
|
|
|
58.5
|
|
|
(57.6)
|
|
Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets and other tax items
|
(34.0)
|
|
|
(193.7)
|
|
|
107.8
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
301.8
|
|
|
$
|
409.4
|
|
|
$
|
(315.0)
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
Segment balance sheet information was as follows (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
Annuity
|
$
|
13,074.2
|
|
|
$
|
12,141.0
|
|
Health
|
10,931.2
|
|
|
10,403.8
|
|
Life
|
4,421.6
|
|
|
4,221.3
|
|
Investments not allocated to product lines
|
6,425.5
|
|
|
6,360.9
|
|
Assets of our non-life companies included in the fee income segment
|
370.7
|
|
|
358.6
|
|
Assets of our other non-life companies
|
116.7
|
|
|
145.3
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
35,339.9
|
|
|
$
|
33,630.9
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
Annuity
|
$
|
11,764.0
|
|
|
$
|
11,398.1
|
|
Health
|
9,949.0
|
|
|
9,557.6
|
|
Life
|
3,972.6
|
|
|
3,997.1
|
|
Liabilities associated with investments not allocated to product lines (a)
|
3,930.6
|
|
|
3,786.0
|
|
Liabilities of our non-life companies included in the fee income segment
|
224.6
|
|
|
196.0
|
|
Liabilities of our other non-life companies
|
14.9
|
|
|
19.1
|
|
Total liabilities
|
$
|
29,855.7
|
|
|
$
|
28,953.9
|
|
____________
(a) Includes investment borrowings, borrowings related to VIEs and notes payable - direct corporate obligations.
The following table presents selected financial information of our segments (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment
|
Present value of future profits
|
|
Deferred acquisition costs
|
|
Insurance liabilities
|
2020
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
90.0
|
|
|
$
|
11,428.6
|
|
Health
|
230.0
|
|
|
508.5
|
|
|
9,828.8
|
|
Life
|
19.4
|
|
|
429.3
|
|
|
3,846.0
|
|
Total
|
$
|
249.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,027.8
|
|
|
$
|
25,103.4
|
|
2019
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annuity
|
$
|
.3
|
|
|
$
|
166.2
|
|
|
$
|
11,085.4
|
|
Health
|
254.6
|
|
|
613.1
|
|
|
9,444.7
|
|
Life
|
20.5
|
|
|
436.2
|
|
|
3,887.7
|
|
Total
|
$
|
275.4
|
|
|
$
|
1,215.5
|
|
|
$
|
24,417.8
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
16. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (UNAUDITED)
We compute earnings per common share for each quarter independently of earnings per share for the year. The sum of the quarterly earnings per share may not equal the earnings per share for the year because of: (i) transactions affecting the weighted average number of shares outstanding in each quarter; and (ii) the uneven distribution of earnings during the year. Quarterly financial data (unaudited) were as follows (dollars in millions, except per share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
1st Qtr.
|
|
2nd Qtr.
|
|
3rd Qtr.
|
|
4th Qtr.
|
Revenues
|
$
|
717.2
|
|
|
$
|
1,014.2
|
|
|
$
|
1,013.5
|
|
|
$
|
1,076.2
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes
|
$
|
(71.0)
|
|
|
$
|
105.4
|
|
|
$
|
166.4
|
|
|
$
|
143.5
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
(49.8)
|
|
|
23.4
|
|
|
37.2
|
|
|
31.7
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
(21.2)
|
|
|
$
|
82.0
|
|
|
$
|
129.2
|
|
|
$
|
111.8
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
(.15)
|
|
|
$
|
.57
|
|
|
$
|
.92
|
|
|
$
|
.81
|
|
Diluted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss)
|
$
|
(.15)
|
|
|
$
|
.57
|
|
|
$
|
.91
|
|
|
$
|
.80
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2019
|
1st Qtr.
|
|
2nd Qtr.
|
|
3rd Qtr.
|
|
4th Qtr.
|
Revenues
|
$
|
1,023.0
|
|
|
$
|
979.8
|
|
|
$
|
944.0
|
|
|
$
|
1,069.0
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
$
|
65.6
|
|
|
$
|
47.7
|
|
|
$
|
53.5
|
|
|
$
|
107.4
|
|
Income tax expense (benefit)
|
13.8
|
|
|
10.1
|
|
|
11.5
|
|
|
(170.6)
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
51.8
|
|
|
$
|
37.6
|
|
|
$
|
42.0
|
|
|
$
|
278.0
|
|
Earnings per common share:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
.32
|
|
|
$
|
.24
|
|
|
$
|
.27
|
|
|
$
|
1.85
|
|
Diluted:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income
|
$
|
.32
|
|
|
$
|
.24
|
|
|
$
|
.27
|
|
|
$
|
1.84
|
|
17. INVESTMENTS IN VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
We have concluded that we are the primary beneficiary with respect to certain VIEs, which are consolidated in our financial statements. In consolidating the VIEs, we consistently use the financial information most recently distributed to investors in the VIE.
All of the VIEs are collateralized loan trusts that were established to issue securities to finance the purchase of corporate loans and other permitted investments. The assets held by the trusts are legally isolated and not available to the Company. The liabilities of the VIEs are expected to be satisfied from the cash flows generated by the underlying loans held by the trusts, not from the assets of the Company. During 2019, a VIE that was required to be consolidated was dissolved. We recognized a loss of $5.1 million in 2019 representing the difference between the borrowings of such VIE and the contractual distributions required following the liquidation of the underlying assets. The scheduled repayment of the remaining principal balance of the borrowings related to the VIEs are as follows: $27.6 million in 2021; $99.7 million in 2022; $340.5 million in 2023; $314.1 million in 2024; $183.3 million in 2025; $120.1 million in 2026; $63.4 million in 2027; $0.8 million in 2028; and $7.0 million in 2030. The Company has no financial obligation to the VIEs beyond its investment in each VIE.
Certain of our subsidiaries are noteholders of the VIEs. Another subsidiary of the Company is the investment manager for the VIEs. As such, it has the power to direct the most significant activities of the VIEs which materially impacts the economic performance of the VIEs.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table provides supplemental information about the assets and liabilities of the VIEs which have been consolidated (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2020
|
|
VIEs
|
|
Eliminations
|
|
Net effect on
consolidated
balance sheet
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities
|
$
|
1,189.4
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,189.4
|
|
Notes receivable of VIEs held by subsidiaries
|
—
|
|
|
(113.8)
|
|
|
(113.8)
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents held by variable interest entities
|
54.1
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
54.1
|
|
Accrued investment income
|
1.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
10.4
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
10.4
|
|
Other assets
|
3.3
|
|
|
(.9)
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
1,258.9
|
|
|
$
|
(114.7)
|
|
|
$
|
1,144.2
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities
|
$
|
36.3
|
|
|
$
|
(4.8)
|
|
|
$
|
31.5
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
1,151.8
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,151.8
|
|
Notes payable of VIEs held by subsidiaries
|
126.1
|
|
|
(126.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total liabilities
|
$
|
1,314.2
|
|
|
$
|
(130.9)
|
|
|
$
|
1,183.3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2019
|
|
VIEs
|
|
Eliminations
|
|
Net effect on
consolidated
balance sheet
|
Assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments held by variable interest entities
|
$
|
1,188.6
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,188.6
|
|
Notes receivable of VIEs held by subsidiaries
|
—
|
|
|
(113.8)
|
|
|
(113.8)
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents held by variable interest entities
|
74.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
74.7
|
|
Accrued investment income
|
1.7
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1.7
|
|
Income tax assets, net
|
8.0
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8.0
|
|
Other assets
|
2.8
|
|
|
(1.4)
|
|
|
1.4
|
|
Total assets
|
$
|
1,275.8
|
|
|
$
|
(115.2)
|
|
|
$
|
1,160.6
|
|
Liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities
|
$
|
42.8
|
|
|
$
|
(4.4)
|
|
|
$
|
38.4
|
|
Borrowings related to variable interest entities
|
1,152.5
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,152.5
|
|
Notes payable of VIEs held by subsidiaries
|
126.1
|
|
|
(126.1)
|
|
|
—
|
|
Total liabilities
|
$
|
1,321.4
|
|
|
$
|
(130.5)
|
|
|
$
|
1,190.9
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table provides supplemental information about the revenues and expenses of the VIEs which have been consolidated in accordance with authoritative guidance, after giving effect to the elimination of our investment in the VIEs and investment management fees earned by a subsidiary of the Company (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
2019
|
|
2018
|
|
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net investment income – policyholder and other special-purpose portfolios
|
$
|
52.7
|
|
|
$
|
74.3
|
|
|
$
|
81.5
|
|
|
|
Fee revenue and other income
|
5.1
|
|
|
5.8
|
|
|
7.6
|
|
|
|
Total revenues
|
57.8
|
|
|
80.1
|
|
|
89.1
|
|
|
|
Expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense
|
32.4
|
|
|
53.7
|
|
|
59.9
|
|
|
|
Other operating expenses
|
1.4
|
|
|
1.6
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
|
|
Total expenses
|
33.8
|
|
|
55.3
|
|
|
62.0
|
|
|
|
Income before net realized investment gains (losses) and income taxes
|
24.0
|
|
|
24.8
|
|
|
27.1
|
|
|
|
Net realized investment gains (losses)
|
(13.8)
|
|
|
(20.5)
|
|
|
(3.6)
|
|
|
|
Loss on extinguishment of borrowings
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(3.8)
|
|
|
|
Income before income taxes
|
$
|
10.2
|
|
|
$
|
4.3
|
|
|
$
|
19.7
|
|
|
|
The investment portfolios held by the VIEs are primarily comprised of commercial bank loans to corporate obligors. At December 31, 2020, the amortized cost of the below-investment grade investments held by the VIEs was $1,181.2 million, or 98 percent of the VIEs investment portfolio. The estimated fair value of the below-investment grade portfolio was $1,159.2 million, or 98 percent of the amortized cost. At December 31, 2020, such loans had an amortized cost of $1,211.3 million; gross unrealized gains of $3.7 million; gross unrealized losses of $10.5 million; allowance for credit losses of $15.1 million; and an estimated fair value of $1,189.4 million.
The following table summarizes changes in the allowance for credit losses related to investments held by VIEs for the year ended December 31, 2020 (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Corporate securities
|
Allowance at January 1, 2020
|
|
$
|
9.9
|
|
Additions for securities for which credit losses were not previously recorded
|
|
26.6
|
|
Additions for purchased securities with deteriorated credit
|
|
—
|
|
Additions (reductions) for securities where an allowance was previously recorded
|
|
(15.7)
|
|
Reduction for securities sold during the period
|
|
(5.7)
|
|
Reduction for securities for which the Company made the decision to sell where an allowance was previously recorded
|
|
—
|
|
Write-offs
|
|
—
|
|
Recoveries of previously written-off amount
|
|
—
|
|
Allowance at December 31, 2020
|
|
$
|
15.1
|
|
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the investments held by the VIEs at December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
Due in one year or less
|
$
|
6.6
|
|
|
$
|
5.4
|
|
Due after one year through five years
|
762.7
|
|
|
744.0
|
|
Due after five years through ten years
|
442.0
|
|
|
440.0
|
|
Total
|
$
|
1,211.3
|
|
|
$
|
1,189.4
|
|
The following table sets forth the amortized cost and estimated fair value of those investments held by the VIEs with unrealized losses at December 31, 2020, by contractual maturity. Actual maturities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amortized
cost
|
|
Estimated
fair
value
|
|
(Dollars in millions)
|
Due in one year or less
|
$
|
6.6
|
|
|
$
|
5.4
|
|
Due after one year through five years
|
660.9
|
|
|
640.7
|
|
Due after five years through ten years
|
258.9
|
|
|
254.7
|
|
Total
|
$
|
926.4
|
|
|
$
|
900.8
|
|
The following summarizes the investments sold at a loss during 2020 which had been continuously in an unrealized loss position exceeding 20 percent of the amortized cost basis prior to the sale for the period indicated (dollars in millions):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At date of sale
|
|
Number
of issuers
|
|
Amortized cost
|
|
Fair value
|
Less than 6 months prior to sale
|
7
|
|
$
|
10.3
|
|
|
$
|
7.4
|
|
Greater than or equal to 6 months and less than 12 months prior to sale
|
5
|
|
7.0
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
$
|
17.3
|
|
|
$
|
11.6
|
|
There were no investments in our portfolio rated below-investment grade which had been continuously in an unrealized
loss position exceeding 20 percent of the cost basis.
During 2020, the VIEs recognized net realized investment losses of $13.8 million which were comprised of: (i) $8.6 million of net losses from the sales of fixed maturities; and (ii) a $5.2 million increase in the allowance for credit losses. Such net realized losses included gross realized losses of $8.7 million from the sale of $57.4 million of investments.
During 2019, the VIEs recognized net realized investment losses of $20.5 million which were comprised of: (i) $12.4 million of net losses from the sales of fixed maturities; (ii) $5.1 million of losses on the dissolution of a VIE; and (iii) $3.0 million of writedowns of investments for other than temporary declines in fair value recognized through net income. Such net realized losses included gross realized losses of $12.6 million from the sale of $280.6 million of investments.
During 2018, the VIEs recognized net realized investment losses of $3.6 million from the sales of fixed maturities. Such net realized losses included gross realized losses of $3.8 million from the sale of $57.2 million of investments.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
At December 31, 2020, there were three fixed maturity investments held by the VIEs in default with an amortized cost of $5.2 million, a carrying value of $1.6 million and an allowance for credit losses of $3.5 million.
At December 31, 2020, the VIEs held: (i) investments (for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded) with a fair value of $461.9 million and gross unrealized losses of $4.9 million that had been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months; and (ii) investments (for which an allowance for credit losses has not been recorded) with a fair value of $238.3 million and gross unrealized losses of $3.9 million that had been in an unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months.
At December 31, 2019, the VIEs held: (i) investments with a fair value of $153.0 million and gross unrealized losses of $3.1 million that had been in an unrealized loss position for less than twelve months; and (ii) investments with a fair value of $430.1 million and gross unrealized losses of $18.5 million that had been in an unrealized loss position for greater than twelve months.
The investments held by the VIEs are evaluated for impairment in a manner that is consistent with the Company's fixed maturities, available for sale. Similarly, prior to January 1, 2020, the investments held by the VIEs were evaluated for other-than-temporary declines in fair value in a manner that was consistent with the Company's fixed maturities, available for sale.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
___________________
18. SUBSEQUENT EVENT
In February 2021, we acquired DirectPath, LLC ("DirectPath"), a leading national provider of year-round, technology-driven employee benefits management services to employers and employees. DirectPath provides personalized benefits education, advocacy and transparency, and communications compliance services that help employers reduce healthcare costs and assist employees with making informed benefits decisions. The purchase price was approximately $50 million with an additional earn‐out if certain financial targets are achieved. The transaction was funded from holding company cash.
DirectPath's education services engage and enroll employees in worksite benefits plans through face-to-face, virtual and telephonic enrollment. The Company’s advocacy and transparency services help employees select cost-effective medical providers and resolve claims issues, while enabling employers to reduce administrative and healthcare costs. Its communications compliance services manage governance and regulatory communications for corporate benefits plans.
DirectPath operates direct nationwide and serves 400 employers and represents a covered employee base of more than 2.5 million people. DirectPath's clients range in size from small- and medium-sized businesses to Fortune 100 companies.
CNO FINANCIAL GROUP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
___________________